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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A87009	An ansvver to the animadversions on the dissertations touching Ignatius's epistles, and the episcopacie in them asserted. By H. Hammond, D.D.	Hammond, Henry, 1605-1660.; Owen, John, 1616-1683.	1654 (1654)	Wing H514; Thomason E814_13; ESTC R202518	185,935	227

to dispose of it when he mentioned confession of sinnes and the example of the Publican he interposed Ego ille sum Publicanus I am that Publican when he remitted him to Christ without whom there is no Salvation he replyed In solo Christo omnis spes mea reposita est In Christ onely all my hope is reposed When he used the prayer beginning Herr Jesu wahrer Mensch und Got c. he folded his hands and followed him in a low voice when he asked him at the end whether he understood he answered probè intellexi I understood it well when upon reciting some seasonable texts of Scripture he askt-againe whether he understood him his last words were Vocem tuā audio sed quae singula dicas difficulter intelligo I hear your voice but doe not easily understand every word you say And having said so he became Speechlesse This bare recitall of his novissima is a sufficient confutation of all the uncharitable relations that are made of them 6 Lastly then for the passages in the Annotations it may suffice to remember that they are in his posthuma those which have been publisht since his death those especially on the Epistles of which it is evident that they had never been formed by him or fitted for the publick but were put together by some body else after his death who finding many things in his adversaria throwne into Paper bookes as he had at any time occasion either from his reading of Scripture or others writings it being ordinary for every man to note not onely what he approves but what he dislikes and what he thinkes matter of farther consideration hath as he thought fit made a body of Annotations and publisht them under his name Many indications of the truth of this I might produce having elsewhere mentioned some I shall onely adde one Col. 1. 16. where the Apostle saith by him all things were created that are in Heaven the Annotation publisht under Grotius's name hath these words Rectius est 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 hic interpretari ordinata sunt novum quendam statum sunt consecuta the righter interpreting of were created is were ordered obteined a new kinde of state and so in the end All things were created by him the Scholion is Intellige omnia quae ad novam creationem pertinent Vnderstand all things which belong to the New Creation 7. Which explications as they more than savour of the Socinian leaven not willing to permit Christ there to be said the Creater of Angels but referring all to the New Creation as the Socinians generally doe and accordingly interpret In principio Joh. 1. 1. In principio Evangelii In the beginning of the Gospel so they are expresly contrary to the words of Grotius as we know they were publisht by him on Jo● 1. 3. where on those words without him was nothing made that was made the nothing saith he is put to take away all exception Id autem ideo factum ut in iis quae per verbum sunt condita intelligerentur etiam ea quae conspicua nobis nen sunt Col. 1. 16. This was done that among these things that were created by the word may be understood also those things that are not seen citing this very place to that sense Col. 1. 16. which in the post humous Annotations is interpreted in such a contrariety both to this former note and to the writings last published by him before his death that nothing can be more discernibly injurious to him 8. By this the Reader may observe and judge of others and consider how unequall we are likely to be to dead men if we judge of their opinions by all that is after death published under their names Witnesse also his Book De Potestate Regis ●irca sacra which being written by him in his younger dayes but never approved by him to be publisht in his life but purposely supprest onely some Copies stolne out in Manuscri●●ts from him in which forme I read it many yeares since 't is now against his consent and in many things distant from his sense exprest in later writings publisht as if it had been fully allow'd by him But this by the way 9. Next then for the charge of Popery that is fallen upon him it is evident from whence that flows either from his profest opposition to many doctrines of some Reformers Zuinglius and Calvin c. Or from his Annotations on Cassander and the Debates with Rivet consequent thereto the Votuns pro Pace and Discussio 10. For the former of these 't is sufficiently known what contests there were and at length how profest the divisions betwixt the Remonstrant and Contraremonstrant and it is confest that he maintain'd all his time the Remonstrants party vindicating it from all charge whether of Pelagianism or Semipelagianism which was by the opposers objected to it and pressing the favourers of the Doctrine of Irrespective Decrees with the odious consequences of making God the author and favourer of sin and frequently expressing his sense of the evil influences that some of those Doctrines were experimented to have on mens lives and by these meanes it is not strange that he should fall under great displeasure from those who having espoused the opinion of irrespective decrees did not onely publish it as the truth and truth of God but farther asserted the questioning of it to be injurious to God's free Grace and his eternal Election and consequently retain'd no ordinary patience for or charitie to opposers 11. But then still this is no medium to inferre that charge The Doctrines which he thus maintained were neither branches nor characters of Popery but asserted by some of the first and most learned and pious Reformers Witnesse the writings of Hemingius in his Opuscula most of which are on these subjects whereas on the contrary side Zuinglius and others who maintained the rigid way of irrespective decrees and infused them into some of this Nation of ours are truly said by an excellent Writer of ours to have had it first from some antient Romish Schoolmen and so to have had as much or more of that guilt adherent to them as can be charged on their opposers 12. The truth is these or the like to them have been matters controverted in all times and in these latter dayes the controversies inflamed and the doctrines warmly maintained on both sides by the Lutherans against the Calvinists who are yet no more Papists than they and by the Papists among themselves witnesse the continual disputes between the Jesuits and the Dominicans and at this time between the Molinists and Jansenians the parties for a long time so equally balanced that the Popes have thought it prudent to wave defining on either side till this last year Innocentius X. upon the instance of the French King hath made a decision of them 13. So that from hence to found the jealousie to affirm him a Papist because he was not a

Bishops of the Antient Church who were called saith Tertullian de Praseript Apostolici viri Apostolical men Apostolicorum primum Canones dein nonnullorum Latinorum ignorantia aliquo● literarum detractione Apostolorum dicti sunt They were first call●d the Canons of the Apostolicks after by the ignorance of some Latine Writers and by the taking away of a few Letters they were called the Canons of the Apostles 13. Among Protestants I might instance in the Archbishop of Armagh here cited under the name of the Learned Vsher who by stiling the fifty Veteres Canones Ecclesiasticos ●b antiquitatem Apostolicos doctos the old Ecclesiastical Canons for their Antiquity stiled Apostolical and distinguishing them from the thirty five nova Capitula novitii Canones new Chapters and novice Canons clearly justifies all that I have said But I have no reason to goe any farther than Dr. Blondel himself with whom I had then to doe and I am sure 't is ordinary with him to cite these Canons under the title of Apostolick and so to yeeld them their authority yet I suppose is not thought by his Colleague Mr. Daillé to have made the Apostles themselves the Authors of them you may see it twice together in two lines Apol. pro sent Hieron pag. 96. Anno Dom. 363. Laodicano Canone 56. secundum Apostolicum 38. cautum fuit Care was taken by the Council of Laodicaea Can. 56. according to the 38th Apostolical Canon calling it first an Apostolick Canon and then affirming it the rule by which the Laodicaean Canon was made and so clearly giving it a greater Antiquity than that Council And immediately again Apostolico 33d longè antequam Ancyrae conveniret Synodus in the 33d Apostolick Canon long before the Synod met at Ancyra which we know was in the year 314 and what was acknowledged to be long before that must be of a pretty antiquity although it were not written by the Apostles 14. 'T is true indeed some have thought fit to use greater exactness of speech as the Council of Paris Anno 580. calling them Canones quasi Apostolicos the Canons as it were Apostolick and Dionysius Exiguus and Isidorus Mercator Canones qui dicuntur Apostolicorum the Canons said to be the Apostles And Hincmarus Rhemensis saith they were A primis temporibus traditione viritim Apostolicorum virorum mentibus commendati From the first times by tradition of Apostliocal persons commended to the minds of men from man to man and a devotis quibusque collecti collected by all devout men See Concil Gallic l. 2. p. 473 474. And as for those which pretend the whole 85. as well as the Constitutions to have been peun'd by Clemens there is little doubt but they did by so doing indeavour to impose false ware upon the Church but still this praejudgeth not my affirmation of the former fiftie that they were alwayes accounted genuine Not meaning thereby that they were written by the Apostles or at their appoint-ment by Clemens I say not a word that so much as insinuates either of those to be my sense and I can justly affirm it was not but genuine i. e. truly and without contradiction as 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 are taken for Synonyma's in this matter what they were by the Church generally taken to be i. e. Canons of antient Bishops before the times of the General Councils of Apostolical persons success●rs of the Apostles in Churches where they praesided called Apostolical Churches 15. I adde no more of a matter so clear yet before I proceed I shall desire the Author of this Animadversion to consider how unjustly his Censure hath fallen in the page immediately praecedent on the Writings of the first times immediately after the Apostles fell asleep His words are these I must be forced to preface the nomination of them the first Writers with some considerations The first is that known passage of Hegesippus in Euseb Eccl. Hist l. 3. 26. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Setting out the corruption of the Church as to Doctrine immediately after the Apostles fell asleep whereof whosoever will impartially and with disengaged judgements search into the writings that of those dayes doe remain will perhaps finde more cause than is commonly imagined with him to complain 16. Here is a ●ad jealousie raised against all Antiquity even of the purest times next the Apostles and indefinitely without any limitation on the writings of those dayes that remain 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. e. all that are extant in one common masse and yt besides that one saying of Hegesippus no one word added to found it on but onely dubious suspicious expressions will perhaps find more cause than is commonly imagined to warn all how they give any trust to the purest Antiquitie Whereas all that Hegesippus there saith is onely this which they that pay most reverence to Antiquity take as much notice of as he could wish viz. that the poyson of the Heretical or Apostatical or Atheistical Gnosticks in express words the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the sect of the Gnosticks falsly so called the same that had been mentioned by St. Paul to Timothy and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Atheistical seducers did openly set up against the truth of Christ as soon as ever the Apostles were dead Which being by Hegesippa● terminated in the known despisers and persecuters of the true Church and Orthodox professors the grievous Wolves that worried the flock and those constantly resisted and combated with preacht against and written against by the Fathers and antient Writers and never observed by any man to have gain●d on them or infused any the least degree ●f their poyson into them or their Writings which are come to us which to undertake to make good against any opposer is no high pitch of confidence again to be censured in me It is a sad condition that the just and the unjust the false Teachers and the Orthodox Professors should fall under the same envy be involved under the same black censure those that watched over the flock as Shepheards and oft laid down their lives for the Sheep be again defamed and martyred by us their unkind posterity under pretence forsooth that they were in the Conspiracie of the Wolves also I leave this to his and the Readers consideration and so proceed to the next charge CHAP. II. Of Ignatius's Epistles Sect. 1. The comparison betwixt them and the Epistles of Clement and Polycarpe Of Salmasius and Blondel being the first that rejected them Of the Vir doctissimus answered by Vedelius Of Bishop Mountague's censure of Vedelius 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Of Salmasius's Contumely Title of Learned Grammarian Illecebre 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Consnlting Authors to serve our own turns Numb 1. THE next charge I find in the eighth page of this Preface in these words A late learned Doctor in his Dissertations about Episcopacy or Dispute for it against Salmasius and Blondellus tels us that we may take a taste

Apostles and their successors not by the people or the whole congregation cannot finde entrance with him And secondly from the recurring of such kind of Rhetorick as this so soon I might very probably conclude that his whole confidence was placed in this one Topick which is ordered both to lead the van and also to bring up the reere to be the reserve as well as the forlorne hope And then upon this view of his reply I desire it may be indifferently considered whether my arguments were not as valid to confirme my answer as his mirth and repetitions and bare negations without any attempt of proof were of force to assert the contrary 20. Next he promises to attend to my arguments but cannot hold his countenance againe they must be styled learned arguments ●orsooth to have spoken as he thought had been more like a serious person that meant to attend to arguments And the first that he attends to is that Corinth was the Metropolis of Greece in a politicall sense and acceptation of the word where the Proconsull had his residence and this he grants but for my consectary from thence that Epistle inscribed to the Church 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 should be conceived sent to the Christians of all A●haia all the strength thereof saith he from the insinuatian of such a state of things in the Church of God is nothing but a pure begging of the thing in question 21. But first certainly this cannot be that fallacy called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the begging of the question It is the ●…erring of that which is there proved both before and after before both as that signifies long before and immediately before long before viz. Dissert 4. c. 5. the erection of Metropoles and Metropolitanes in the Church had been demonstrated Immediately before it had been mentioned as a praecogn●scendum that Corinth was such an one which if granted it must follow that there was a Metropolitan Arch-bishop at Corinth of whom all the Bishops in Greece were dependent So againe this was proved after by the consent betwixt this and Paul's E●istles those were written to all the Christians of all Achaia and then why should not this be resolved to be so written also And how then can the question be here said to be begged by me If this of Corinth's being a Metropolis in the politicall sense were not sufficient to inferr this conclusion first that might then have been said the consequence denied and traill made what was or what could be farther said to prove it but that method was not here thought safe it was easier to say the strength of the consectary is nothing but a pure begging of the question which yet I never heard said of a conclusion inferred from praemisses and after farther undertaken to be proved I desire to consult Aristotle in his discourse of that fallacie and he shall finde it was not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 on my side a begging of the question but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 on his a denying the conclusion 22. This for the forme of his reply Secondly then as to the matter of it I did and still doe thinke it a concluding argument which I there used and being briefly set downe 't will be more explicitely this An Epistle addrest to a Metropolitical see under the title of the Church adjacent to such a chiefe City or Metropolis is addrest to all the Cities and Churches that relate to that Metropolis But Corinth was such a City and this Epistle was so addrest to it That Corinth was such a Metropolis was apparent and is not denyed as to the politicall acceptation of it And if it were so also in the Ecclesiastick there is no farther difficulty And if my supposing and not farther proving of this in that place were the infirme part of the discourse and begging of the question I must answer that I had no reason to expect it should be esteemed so having long before on occasion of the Angels in the Revelation entre 〈◊〉 into a discourse of Metropolitical Cities and shewed that not onely in the political but Ecclesiastical acceptation there were such in the Apostles and so in Clement's time 23 This was there manifested in many instances 1. in Antioch the Metropolis of Syria and Cilicia and all the Churches of those regions the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of Antioch and dependent on that Secondly in Rome the Metropolis of the Roman Province or Vrbicarian region Thirdly in Alexandria the Metropolis of Egypt whereupon Marke is said by Eus●bius to have lonstituted Churches in the plural there all which under the title of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the province of or belonging to Alexandria as here 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 were by Saint Mark committed to Anianus or Ananias and the Government administred by him all the rest of the Churches there planted by Mark relating to this as to the Metropolis Fourthly in Gortyna the prime Metropolis of Crete the Arch-Bishop whereof in the Epistle of Dionysius Bishop of Corinth Ann Ch 175. is styled Bishop 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of the Church adjacent to i. e. the province of Gortyna and of all the rest in Crete Fifthly in Philippi the Metropolis of one Province of Macedonia Act. 16. 12. to which purpose it is that in the Epistle said to be written by Ignatius to them of Tarsus we finde 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Churches in the plural of the Philippians salute you Sixthly in the several Churches of Asia mentioned Rev. 1 each of them a Metropolis over some other ●ities and Ephesus the prime of all the Proconsular Asia And this forme or this state of things in the Church of God is there by three Canons of the three great Councels Nice Antioch Ephesus testified to be the ancient primitive Apostolical state 24. This being then done at large and thereby the Primitive constitution of Metropolitical Churches competently asserted it seemed to me sufficient but to re-mind the Reader that Corinth was one such Metropolis of Achaia or Greece and accordingly that upon that account in the Ecclesiastical as well as Political acceptation the Epistles of Paul inscribed 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to the Corinthians were meant to all the Churches of Achaia and not onely to that one of Corinth And what error I have committed herein I confesse I am not yet able to discerne or divine or what there is behinde that wants farther proof 25. The onely thing I can yet thinke of is that in this Praefacer's judgement I have not made it sufficiently appeare by that one evidence of Corinth's being a Metropolis where the Proconsul of Achaia kept his residence Act. 18 12 15. i. e. a Metropolis in the Political acceptation that it was also a Metropolis in the Ecclesiastical notitiae and then it may be fit perhaps farther to adde something to cleare that and put it out of question not onely in thesi that the Church generally thus corresponded with the state according