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A59650 A discourse of superstition with respect to the present times wherein the Church of England is vindicated from the imputation, and the the charge retorted not only on the papists, but also on men of other perswasions / by William Shelton ... Shelton, William, d. 1699. 1678 (1678) Wing S3097; ESTC R10846 60,551 205

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Religion to which he opposes Atheism as the other extream Thus he begins 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Ignorance of God from the beginning hath run in Two Channels one way to Atheism and the other way to Superstition And after he had in many like expressions opposed them to one another he concludes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Some have run so far from Superstition till they have overshot themselves into Atheism having neglected Religion which is the mean between both Maximus Tyrius as plainly opposes Dissertat 4ta the Religious and Superstitious man 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. A Religious man is the Friend of God A superstitious man is a Flatterer of God Antoninus gives this Character of Lib. 6. §. 30. himself He was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Religious without Superstition The Incomparable Dr Hammond does I know pursue the Etymology and Original Notion of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in the former part of his little Tract of Superstition where he gives several Interpretations of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and afterwards gives these senses of the Compound word 1. It is taken in general for Religion or Worshipping God 2. For the worship of deify'd dead men and Angels which the Heathens took to be True Gods 3. For any part of Divine Worship which for fear of vengeance from God any Worshipper perform'd to him 4. For a trembling fear of Gods punishment due for every sin 5. For the use of Magical Spells From whence he concludes the Modern use of the word improper but whether proper or improper because it is use that gives the rule for our manner of speaking therefore that must be considered And that the word is used for somewhat undue in the worship of God he himself acknowledges in these words That which men see those of another perswasion do which they like not or think them not bound to they call it straight their Superstition And that thus Authors have made use of this word will more appear by considering the Latin word Superstitio Concerning whose Etymology all Criticks are not agreed Tully discourses at large both of the name and thing and he is the first among the Latin Authors now extant for so far as I can find that so translates the Greek Word for if Nigidius Figulus of whom by and by out of A. Gellius were before him yet I suppose he hath no entire Volume now extant I therefore take some particular notice of what Tully says in this Matter When he had given some natural Account of the Multitude of Gods that were so much talkt of in those Ages and of the Superstitions that took rise from the Fables of the Poets concerning them he proceeds to distinguish between Religion and Superstition in memorable words Cultus Deorum Cicero do Natura Deorum lib. 2. est Optimus idemque castissimus atque sanctissimus plenissimusque pietatis ut eos semper purâ integrâ incorruptâ mente voce veneremur Non enim philosophi solum verum etiam Majores nostri Superstitionem à Religione separaverunt Nam qui totos dies precabantur immolabant ut sui liberi sibi superstites essent Superstitiosi sunt appellati quod nomen patuit postealatius Qui autem omnia quae ad Deorum cultum pertinerent diligenter pertractarent tanquam relegerent sunt dicti Religiosi c. It a factum est in Superstitioso Religioso alterum vitii Nomen alterum laudis The best and purest and most holy worship that we can give to God is to serve him with à pure and uncorrupt heart and voice For it was not only peculiar to Philosophers but our Forefathers also made a difference between Religion and Superstition for they who prayed all day long and offer'd Sacrifice that their Children might survive them were called Superstitious A word which afterwards was extended to a larger signification But Religious men had their name from their diligence and care in reviewing what pertained to Divine Worship And hence it came to pass that in the setled use of these words Superstition was counted a Crime Religion a praise-worthy thing According to which distinction he had said before Superstitione facile est liberare Id. ibid. lib. 1. cum sustuleris omnem vim Deorum nisi forte Diagoram aut Theodorum qui omnino Deos esse negabant censes Superstitiosos esse potuisse Horum enim sententiae non modo Superstitionem tollunt in qua inest Timor inanis Deorum sed etiam Religionem quae Deorum cultu pio continetur It is an easy matter to secure men from Superstition if you will make them Atheists Unless you think such Atheists as Diagoras and Theodorus could be tainted with it whose Opinions did not only root out Superstition which contains in it a vain and needless fear of God but true Religion too which consists in a right worship of the Deity The reasons which this learned Heathen assigns of the names and differences between Superstition and Religion Lactantius likes not and Lactant. de verâ sapienti● Cap. 28. therefore when he had derived Religion à Religando of Superstition he speaks thus Superstitiosi vocantur ii qui super stitum memoriam defunctorum colunt aut qui parentibus suis superstitibus colebant Imagines eorum domi tanquam Deos penates Nam qui novos sibi ritus assumebant ut in Deorum vicem mortuos honorarent quos ex hominibus in coelum receptos putabant hos Superstitiosos vocabant eos vero qui publicos Antiquos deos colerent Religiosos nominabant unde Virgilius Vana superstitio veterúmque ignara Deorum They were counted Superstitious who did honour to the memory of the dead or who while their Parents were alive worshipped their Images as if they were Houshold Gods for they who took up any new Rites in giving honour to dead men whom they thought to be taken up to Heaven among the Gods were so called whereas they were esteemed Religious who confined themselves to the worship of those who were anciently reputed for Deities Hence Virgil introduces Evander excusing himself to Aeneas that the Honour he did to Hercules did not deserve the name of Superstition There want not other Etymologies Sect. 3. of this word Isidore is quoted for this Superstitio quasi superstatuta M. Delrii Disqu is Magic lib. 1. Cap. 1. observatio An unstatutable unwarrantable observation Alii dicunt à senibus quia multis annis superstites per aetatem delirant then is introduced Lucretius qui superstitionem dicit superstantium rerum i. e. coelestium quae super nos stant for which these Verses are quoted where he huffs at all Religion Humana ante Oculos foedi cùm vita jaceret In terris oppressa gravi sub Relligione Quae caput è Coeli regionibus ostendebat Horribili super aspectu mortalibus instans So not only Delrio but Turnebus also Adversar lib. 10. Cap. 26. reads that