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and_o this_o learning_n well_o observe_v will_v avoid_v multitude_n of_o suit_n and_o contention_n which_o daily_o arise_v through_o the_o defect_n of_o arbitrement_n by_o jo._n march_v of_o grays-inn_n barister_n london_n print_v by_o f._n l._n for_o m._n walbank_n and_o r._n best_n and_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v at_o grayes-inne-gate_n 1647._o action_n for_o slander_n or_o a_o methodical_a collection_n under_o certain_a ground_n and_o head_n of_o what_o word_n be_v actionable_a in_o the_o law_n and_o what_o not_o the_o first_o part_n of_o my_o labour_n be_v to_o show_v what_o word_n be_v actionable_a in_o the_o law_n and_o what_o not_o in_o the_o prosecution_n of_o which_o it_o be_v not_o my_o purpose_n to_o run_v over_o all_o the_o case_n that_o have_v be_v adjudge_v neither_o can_v i_o if_o i_o will_v my_o intent_n be_v only_o to_o lay_v down_o a_o certain_a rule_n or_o ground_n upon_o which_o to_o go_v which_o will_v indeed_o be_v as_o a_o light_n to_o all_o case_n of_o this_o 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which_o usual_o trench_v to_o the_o great_a hindrance_n and_o impoverishment_n of_o the_o speaker_n and_o in_o truth_n that_o which_o cause_v i_o to_o enter_v upon_o this_o labour_n be_v the_o frequency_n of_o these_o action_n for_o i_o may_v with_o confidence_n affirm_v that_o they_o do_v at_o this_o day_n bring_v as_o much_o gryse_v to_o the_o mill_n if_o not_o more_o than_o any_o one_o branch_n of_o the_o law_n whatsoever_o and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v and_o certain_o never_o in_o a_o better_a time_n than_o now_o that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o be_v suppress_v that_o word_n only_o of_o brangle_n heat_n and_o choler_n may_v not_o he_o so_o much_o as_o mention_v in_o those_o high_a and_o honourable_a court_n of_o justice_n for_o i_o profess_v for_o my_o part_n i_o judge_v of_o they_o as_o a_o great_a dishonour_n to_o the_o law_n and_o the_o professor_n thereof_o especial_o when_o i_o consider_v that_o they_o be_v use_v only_o as_o instrument_n to_o promote_v the_o malice_n 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liveliehood_n or_o reputation_n which_o be_v dear_a to_o he_o then_o the_o former_a be_v much_o endanger_v by_o scandalous_a word_n that_o in_o such_o case_n the_o offender_n shall_v be_v enforce_v by_o action_n to_o make_v compensation_n but_o that_o a_o man_n shall_v flee_v to_o the_o law_n out_o of_o malice_n and_o make_v the_o court_n of_o justice_n maintainer_n of_o every_o small_a and_o vain_a brabble_n this_o seem_v to_o i_o utter_o unlawful_a and_o intolerable_a among_o christian_n i_o can_v but_o take_v notice_n of_o that_o which_o wray_n chief_a justice_n b._n say_v in_o cook_n four_o book_n that_o though_o slander_v and_o false_a imputation_n be_v to_o be_v repress_v because_o that_o oftentimes_o a_o verbis_fw-la ad_fw-la verbera_fw-la perventum_fw-la est_fw-la which_o â—confes_v tend_v much_o to_o the_o disturbance_n of_o the_o common_a peace_n and_o therefore_o by_o all_o mean_v possible_a to_o be_v prevent_v yet_o he_o say_v that_o the_o judge_n have_v resolve_v that_o 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extremity_n and_o worthy_a of_o relief_n and_o can_v any_o man_n deny_v but_o that_o this_o be_v a_o countenance_v of_o these_o frivolous_a action_n but_o give_v i_o leave_v reader_n and_o i_o will_v in_o a_o word_n inform_v you_o how_o this_o may_v be_v remedy_v and_o though_o the_o malice_n of_o man_n can_v be_v stop_v yet_o their_o action_n may_v let_v no_o word_n be_v actionable_a which_o do_v appear_v to_o have_v be_v speak_v in_o chollar_n and_o passion_n or_o if_o actionable_a yet_o let_v the_o plaintiff_n recover_v no_o more_o in_o damage_n than_o he_o can_v upon_o oath_n make_v appear_v that_o he_o be_v actual_o damnify_v by_o the_o speak_n of_o they_o and_o if_o this_o be_v provide_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n our_o new_a book_n will_v be_v as_o little_a infest_a with_o these_o frivolous_a action_n as_o the_o old_a one_o be_v
word_n speak_v which_o such_o a_o man_n life_n which_o be_v by_o way_n of_o interrogation_n or_o by_o way_n of_o hearsay_n or_o relation_n or_o last_o by_o way_n of_o negation_n only_o and_o yet_o will_v bear_v a_o action_n it_o be_v say_v at_o the_o king_n bench_n bar_n which_o i_o hear_v and_o observe_v that_o it_o have_v be_v adjudge_v in_o this_o court_n in_o one_o appletons_n case_n car._n that_o where_o a_o man_n say_v to_o another_o where_o be_v my_o piece_n thou_o stoâ—lest_v from_o i_o interrogation_n that_o these_o word_n be_v actionable_a relation_n and_o jones_n justice_n then_o say_v that_o he_o remember_v this_o case_n to_o be_v adjudge_v a._n say_v that_o b._n tell_v he_o that_o c._n steal_v a_o horse_n but_o he_o do_v not_o believe_v he_o that_o these_o word_n with_o a_o averrement_n that_o b._n do_v not_o say_v any_o such_o thing_n to_o a._n be_v actionable_a 1153_o agree_v with_o this_o case_n be_v the_o lady_n morrisons_n case_n widow_n who_o bring_v a_o action_n for_o word_n against_o william_n câ—de_v esquire_n and_o declare_v that_o she_o be_v of_o good_a fame_n etc._n etc._n and_o that_o henry_n earl_n of_o kent_n be_v in_o speech_n and_o communication_n with_o her_o concern_v marriage_n the_o defendant_n preâ—â—issorum_fw-la non_fw-la ignarus_fw-la say_v these_o word_n arsoot_n have_v report_v that_o he_o have_v have_v the_o use_n of_o the_o lady_n morrisons_n body_n at_o his_o pleasure_n ubi_fw-la revera_fw-la arscot_n do_v never_o report_v it_o and_o allege_v that_o the_o earl_n of_o kent_n upon_o the_o hear_n of_o these_o word_n surcease_v his_o suit_n by_o which_o she_o lose_v her_o advancement_n etc._n etc._n adjudge_v that_o the_o word_n be_v actionable_a though_o speak_v upon_o the_o report_n of_o another_o for_o otherwise_o a_o man_n may_v malicious_o raise_v slanderous_a report_n of_o another_o and_o shall_v never_o be_v punish_v for_o it_o but_o in_o this_o case_n tanfield_n justice_n say_v that_o if_o it_o have_v be_v express_o allege_v that_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v so_o report_v by_o arscot_n than_o a_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v against_o cade_n for_o say_v that_o arscot_n report_v it_o because_o it_o be_v true_a that_o he_o do_v so_o and_o bartley_n justice_n say_v that_o a_o action_n have_v be_v bring_v for_o these_o word_n actionable_a you_o be_v no_o thief_n in_o which_o there_o be_v a_o averrement_n which_o imply_v a_o affirmative_a and_o agree_v to_o be_v actionable_a and_o appletons_n case_n be_v then_o agree_v for_o law_n a._n say_v to_o is._n have_v thou_o be_v at_o london_n to_o change_v the_o money_n thou_o stolle_v from_o i_o bench._n in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v object_v that_o these_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a interrogation_n because_o that_o they_o be_v speak_v only_o by_o way_n of_o interrogation_n and_o be_v no_o direct_a affirmative_a but_o jones_n and_o bary_o justice_n the_o other_o be_v absent_a both_o say_v that_o the_o word_n be_v actionable_a for_o the_o first_o word_n have_v thou_o be_v at_o london_n etc._n etc._n be_v the_o only_a word_n of_o interrogation_n and_o the_o subsequent_a word_n viz._n the_o money_n thou_o stolle_v from_o i_o be_v a_o positive_a affirmation_n and_o baâ—tley_n iust._n then_o say_v that_o it_o have_v be_v oftentimes_o adjudge_v that_o word_n of_o interrogation_n shall_v be_v take_v as_o a_o direct_a affirmation_n which_o jones_n just._n also_o agree_v and_o further_o say_v that_o this_o case_n have_v be_v adjudge_v one_o say_v to_o another_o actionable_a i_o dream_v this_o night_n that_o you_o steal_v a_o horse_n these_o word_n be_v adjudge_v actionable_a and_o he_o say_v that_o if_o these_o and_o the_o like_a word_n shall_v not_o bear_v a_o action_n a_o man_n may_v be_v as_o abusive_a as_o he_o please_v and_o by_o such_o subtle_a word_n as_o these_o always_o avoid_v a_o action_n and_o how_o i_o will_v put_v you_o a_o case_n or_o two_o where_o word_n which_o imply_v a_o affirmative_a shall_v be_v actionable_a one_o say_v of_o another_o bench._n he_o will_v prove_v he_o have_v steal_v his_o book_n in_o this_o case_n the_o opinion_n of_o the_o court_n be_v that_o the_o word_n be_v actionable_a because_o they_o imply_v a_o affirmative_a and_o be_v as_o much_o as_o if_o he_o have_v say_v that_o he_o have_v steal_v his_o book_n and_o so_o if_o i_o will_v say_v of_o another_o that_o i_o will_v bring_v he_o before_o a_o justice_n of_o peace_n for_o i_o will_v prove_v that_o he_o have_v steal_v etc._n etc._n though_o the_o first_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a yet_o the_o last_o be_v whitaerâ—s_v bring_v a_o action_n against_o lavington_n for_o these_o word_n bench._n i_o will_v prove_v that_o whytacre_n be_v for_o swear_v and_o that_o ten_o man_n can_v justify_v and_o i_o can_v prove_v he_o perjure_v if_o i_o will_v adjudge_v that_o the_o word_n be_v actionable_a for_o that_o it_o be_v a_o great_a slander_n to_o be_v report_v that_o it_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o any_o one_o to_o prove_v one_o perjure_v and_o it_o be_v as_o a_o direct_a affirmance_n it_o will_v be_v prove_v by_o many_o vehement_a presumption_n bench._n that_o welby_n be_v a_o plotter_n and_o contriver_n of_o thomas_n powel_n death_n because_o he_o will_v not_o sell_v his_o land_n to_o the_o say_v welby_n adjudge_v the_o word_n be_v actionable_a and_o now_o i_o have_v show_v you_o the_o affirmative_a part_n where_o word_n which_o touch_n or_o concern_v a_o man_n life_n shall_v be_v actionable_a i_o shall_v now_o show_v unto_o you_o the_o negative_a part_n where_o word_n in_o such_o case_n shall_v not_o be_v actionable_a word_n that_o touch_v or_o concern_v a_o man_n life_n may_v not_o be_v actionable_a in_o these_o case_n where_o they_o be_v too_o general_a or_o not_o positive_o affirmative_a or_o of_o a_o double_a or_o indifferent_a meaning_n or_o doubtful_a in_o sense_n or_o for_o that_o they_o be_v incertain_a in_o themselves_o or_o the_o person_n of_o who_o they_o be_v speak_v or_o else_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o subsequent_a qualification_n of_o the_o word_n or_o because_o they_o do_v not_o import_v a_o act_n but_o a_o intent_n or_o inclination_n only_o to_o it_o or_o for_o that_o they_o be_v impossible_a or_o last_o because_o it_o do_v appear_v that_o the_o speak_n of_o they_o can_v be_v no_o damage_n to_o the_o plaâ—ntiffe_n in_o all_o these_o case_n the_o word_n will_v not_o be_v actionable_a and_o first_o word_n that_o be_v too_o general_a or_o not_o positive_o affirmative_a will_v not_o be_v actionable_a to_o say_v of_o a_o man_n that_o he_o deserve_v to_o be_v hang_v bench._n adjudge_v not_o actionable_a because_o they_o be_v too_o general_a for_o that_o he_o do_v not_o show_v any_o thing_n that_o he_o have_v do_v to_o deserve_v it_o and_o bâ—_n yeluerton_n justice_n he_o may_v deserve_v it_o for_o unnatural_a use_n of_o his_o parent_n and_o the_o like_a where_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v punish_v by_o the_o law_n cook_n lib._n 4._o f._n 15._o b._n yeoman_n and_o hext_n case_n for_o my_o ground_n in_o allerton_n hext_v seek_v my_o life_n adjudge_v not_o actionable_a because_o seek_v his_o life_n be_v to_o general_a for_o which_o there_o be_v no_o punishment_n so_o if_o i_o say_v of_o another_o that_o it_o be_v in_o my_o power_n to_o hang_v he_o bench._n adjudge_v not_o actionable_a in_o prâ—dham_n and_o tuckers_n case_n cite_v before_o because_o the_o word_n be_v too_o general_a james_n steward_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o bâ—shop_n for_o say_v of_o he_o 196._o that_o he_o waâ—_n in_o warwick_n gaol_n for_o steal_v of_o a_o mare_n and_o other_o beast_n and_o adjudge_v that_o the_o word_n will_v not_o bear_v a_o action_n because_o they_o do_v not_o affirm_v direct_o that_o he_o do_v steal_v they_o as_o if_o he_o have_v say_v that_o he_o steal_v they_o and_o be_v in_o goal_n for_o it_o but_o only_o make_v report_n of_o his_o imprisonment_n and_o the_o suppose_a reason_n of_o it_o and_o it_o may_v very_o well_o be_v that_o the_o warrant_n of_o mittimus_fw-la be_v for_o steal_v express_o as_o be_v the_o common_a form_n of_o make_v of_o the_o calendar_n of_o the_o prisoner_n for_o the_o justice_n of_o assize_n and_o the_o like_a georg_n blaâ—d_v bring_v a_o action_n against_o a._n b._n for_o say_v that_o he_o be_v indict_v for_o felony_n at_o such_o a_o session_n 289._o it_o be_v say_v that_o it_o be_v question_v whether_o a_o action_n will_v lie_v because_o a_o indictment_n be_v but_o a_o surmise_n but_o i_o conceive_v that_o it_o be_v without_o question_n that_o no_o action_n wilâ—_n lie_v in_o such_o case_n because_o that_o to_o say_v a_o man_n be_v indict_v of_o felony_n be_v no_o more_o than_o to_o say_v he_o be_v impeach_v or_o accuse_v for_o felony_n which_o a_o honest_a man_n may_v be_v and_o be_v no_o positive_a affirmation_n
that_o he_o have_v commit_v felony_n and_o so_o it_o have_v be_v often_o adjudge_v i_o will_v only_o cite_v one_o case_n in_o the_o point_n hasselwood_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o garret_n for_o these_o word_n 107._o i_o can_v find_v in_o this_o parish_n a_o false_a knave_n than_o briscoe_n be_v the_o which_o briscoe_n be_v indict_v of_o felony_n &_o burglary_n and_o be_v go_v to_o stafford_n goal_n and_o that_o false_a knâ—ve_n be_v thomas_n hasselwood_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o these_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a because_o that_o briscoe_n may_v be_v indict_v and_o yet_o be_v a_o honest_a man_n thou_o have_v layeâ—_n in_o fuller_n tub_n case_n in_o which_o none_o come_v but_o those_o that_o have_v the_o pox_n adjudge_v the_o word_n be_v nor_o actionable_a because_o this_o be_v no_o direct_a affirmation_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v the_o pox._n poland_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o mason_n 381._o for_o say_v i_o charge_v he_o mean_v the_o plaintiff_n with_o felony_n etc._n etc._n adjudge_v the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a because_o that_o he_o do_v not_o affirm_v that_o he_o be_v a_o felon_n but_o do_v only_o say_v that_o he_o do_v charge_v he_o with_o felony_n which_o he_o may_v do_v in_o some_o case_n though_o he_o do_v not_o the_o fact_n as_o if_o a_o felony_n be_v do_v and_o the_o common_a fame_n be_v that_o he_o do_v it_o any_o one_o that_o suspect_v he_o may_v charge_v he_o with_o it_o henâ—y_o bring_v a_o action_n against_o fitâ—h_n for_o these_o word_n 286._o i_o arrest_v you_o for_o felony_n agree_v that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_v for_o this_o be_v no_o positive_a charge_n that_o he_o be_v a_o felon_n and_o this_o may_v be_v lawful_o do_v upon_o a_o common_a fame_n as_o be_v say_v before_o thus_o you_o see_v that_o word_n that_o be_v not_o direct_o affirmative_a will_v not_o bear_v a_o action_n yet_o you_o may_v see_v before_o fol._n 7._o where_o word_n which_o imply_v a_o affirmative_a only_o shall_v be_v actionable_a as_o to_o say_v that_o i_o will_v prove_v that_o you_o steal_v my_o book_n or_o the_o like_a but_o of_o this_o sufficient_a second_o â—_o word_n that_o be_v of_o a_o double_a or_o indifferent_a meaning_n the_o law_n will_v take_v in_o the_o best_a sense_n for_o the_o speaker_n and_o sâ—_n adjudge_v they_o actionable_a for_o the_o rule_n of_o law_n be_v as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o that_o verba_fw-la accipienda_fw-la sunt_fw-la in_o mitiori_fw-la sensu_fw-la yeoman_n and_o hext_n case_v cite_v before_o b._n for_o my_o land_n in_o allerton_n hext_n seek_v my_o life_n etc._n etc._n adjudge_v these_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a because_o he_o may_v seek_v his_o life_n lawful_o upon_o just_a cause_n and_o his_o land_n may_v be_v hold_v of_o he_o and_o so_o in_o mitiori_fw-la sâ—nsu_fw-la barham_n bring_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n against_o nethersall_n â—_o and_o the_o word_n be_v master_n bâ—rham_n do_v burn_v my_o barn_n innuendo_fw-la a_o barue_v with_o corn_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o none_o but_o he_o and_o after_o verdict_n it_o be_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a for_o it_o be_v not_o felony_n to_o burn_v a_o barn_n if_o it_o be_v not_o parcel_n of_o a_o mansion_n house_n nor_o full_a of_o corn_n and_o in_o such_o case_n agitur_fw-la civiliter_fw-la and_o not_o criminaliter_fw-la and_o word_n must_v be_v take_v in_o mitiori_fw-la sensu_fw-la and_o the_o innuendo_fw-la will_v not_o serve_v when_o the_o word_n themselves_o be_v not_o slanderous_a jeam_n his_o case_n 17._o hang_v he_o he_o be_v full_a of_o the_o pox_n i_o marvel_v that_o you_o will_v eat_v or_o drink_v with_o he_o etc._n etc._n adjudge_v that_o the_o word_n werâ—_n noâ—_n actionable_a because_o they_o shall_v be_v take_v in_o mitiori_fw-la sensu_fw-la for_o the_o small_a pox_n and_o not_o the_o french_a pox._n but_o noâ—e_v that_o in_o hawtry_n and_o miles_n case_n cite_v afterward_o it_o be_v say_v by_o fenner_n just_o bench._n that_o to_o say_v that_o a_o man_n be_v lay_v of_o the_o pox_n will_v bear_v a_o action_n because_o that_o be_v the_o phrase_n for_o the_o french_a pox._n adrian_n coote_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o adrian_n gilbert_n for_o these_o word_n 97._o thou_o be_v a_o thief_n and_o have_v steal_v a_o tree_n adjudge_v that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a and_o agree_v that_o there_o be_v no_o difference_n between_o and_o thou_o have_v steal_v and_o for_o thou_o have_v steal_v for_o in_o common_a acceptation_n and_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v to_o be_v but_o a_o verify_n and_o make_v good_a of_o the_o general_a word_n thief_n and_o then_o a_o tree_n shall_v be_v understand_v rather_o of_o a_o tree_n stand_v then_o fell_v which_o can_v be_v no_o felony_n or_o theft_n for_o that_o a_o man_n can_v steal_v a_o man_n inheritance_n so_o clarke_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o gilbert_n for_o these_o word_n 406._o thou_o be_v a_o thief_n and_o have_v steal_v twenty_o load_n of_o my_o furz_n adjudge_v that_o the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v for_o the_o reason_n give_v in_o the_o former_a case_n the_o like_a law_n be_v â—_o if_o a_o man_n say_v of_o another_o that_o he_o have_v steal_v his_o apple_n or_o his_o corn_n or_o rob_v his_o hoppe_n ground_n or_o the_o like_a the_o law_n in_o these_o case_n will_v adjudge_v they_o rather_o grow_v then_o gather_v or_o cut_v down_o and_o so_o the_o word_n not_o actionable_a thus_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o where_o the_o word_n may_v be_v take_v in_o a_o double_a or_o a_o indifferent_a meaning_n that_o the_o law_n will_v ever_o take_v they_o best_o for_o the_o speaker_n i_o shall_v only_o put_v one_o case_n more_o upon_o this_o ground_n and_o so_o pass_v it_o over_o pawlin_fw-ge bring_v a_fw-mi action_n against_o ford_n for_o these_o word_n bâ—nch_n thou_o be_v a_o thievish_a rogue_n and_o have_v steal_v my_o wood._n it_o be_v in_o this_o case_n say_v at_o bar_n the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v because_o it_o shall_v be_v construe_v rather_o to_o be_v wood_n stand_v then_o cut_v down_o like_o those_o case_n put_v before_o but_o bramston_n chief_a justice_n seem_v to_o incline_v that_o the_o word_n be_v actionable_a because_o that_o wood_n can_v be_v otherwise_o intend_v then_o of_o wood_n cut_v down_o according_a to_o the_o old_a verse_n arbour_n duâ—_n crescit_fw-la lignum_fw-la dum_fw-la crescere_fw-la nescu_fw-la and_o so_o it_o be_v adjourn_v without_o more_o say_n note_v reader_n 1366._o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o bramston_n chief_a justice_n betwixt_o litchfield_n and_o saunders_n for_o the_o same_o word_n he_o have_v steal_v my_o wood_n to_o which_o the_o defendant_n demur_v it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o the_o action_n will_v lie_v for_o tanfield_n justice_n say_v that_o the_o word_n shall_v be_v intend_v according_a to_o the_o most_o usual_a sense_n intent_n viz._n that_o it_o be_v lignum_fw-la and_o not_o arbour_n as_o if_o one_o say_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v commit_v a_o murder_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v intend_v that_o he_o have_v murder_v a_o hare_n but_o a_o man_n you_o may_v here_o observe_v reader_n that_o though_o word_n of_o a_o double_a or_o indifferent_a meaning_n ought_v to_o be_v take_v in_o the_o best_a intendment_n for_o the_o speaker_n as_o i_o have_v sufficient_o clear_v it_o unto_o you_o yet_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v take_v contrary_a to_o common_a intendment_n for_o as_o you_o shall_v not_o strain_v word_n to_o a_o intent_n not_o apparent_a to_o make_v they_o actionable_a so_o you_o must_v not_o wrâ—st_v they_o contrary_a to_o common_a intent_n to_o make_v they_o noâ—_n actionable_a this_o be_v apparent_a by_o sanders_n his_o case_n immediate_o before_o where_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o to_o say_v of_o another_o you_o have_v steal_v my_o wood_n shalâ—_n be_v intend_v to_o be_v lignum_fw-la and_o not_o arbour_n and_o so_o actionable_a so_o to_o say_v of_o a_o man_n that_o he_o have_v commit_v a_o murder_n shall_v not_o be_v understand_v murder_v of_o a_o harâ—_n but_o a_o man._n dame_n morrison_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o william_n cade_n esquire_n aâ—d_v declare_v that_o she_o be_v of_o good_a same_o 115â—_n etc._n etc._n and_o that_o henry_n earl_n of_o kent_n be_v in_o speech_n and_o communication_n with_o she_o for_o marriage_n the_o defendant_n prâ—misso_fw-la they_o non_fw-la ignarus_fw-la say_v these_o word_n arscot_n have_v report_v that_o he_o have_v have_v the_o use_n of_o the_o lady_n morrisons_n body_n at_o his_o pleasure_n ubi_fw-la revera_fw-la arscot_n never_o report_v it_o and_o further_a allege_v that_o the_o e._n of_o kent_n upon_o the_o hear_n of_o these_o word_n surcease_v his_o suit_n by_o which_o she_o lose_v her_o advancement_n the_o defendant_n plead_v not_o guilty_a and_o it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o
plaintiff_n it_o be_v move_v by_o hobart_n attorney_n general_n that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a for_o this_o reason_n among_o other_o all_o rule_v against_o he_o â—_o because_o that_o the_o word_n have_v the_o use_n of_o her_o body_n be_v incertain_a and_o of_o a_o double_a intendment_n and_o therefore_o shall_v be_v take_v in_o the_o best_a sense_n to_o have_v the_o use_n of_o her_o body_n as_o a_o tailor_n in_o measure_v or_o a_o physician_n in_o give_v physic_n or_o the_o like_a and_o not_o in_o any_o worse_a â—ence_n but_o by_o popham_n chief_a justice_n the_o word_n be_v actionable_a intent_n when_o word_n be_v speak_v that_o may_v have_v a_o double_a intent_n or_o meaning_n they_o shall_v be_v expound_v according_a to_o common_a intent_n for_o otherwise_o he_o which_o intend_v to_o slander_v another_o may_v speak_v slanderous_a word_n which_o by_o common_a intendment_n shaâ—l_v be_v expound_v a_o slander_n and_o yet_o no_o action_n lie_v and_o here_o the_o word_n have_v have_v the_o use_n of_o her_o body_n at_o his_o pleasure_n shall_v not_o be_v intend_v in_o any_o lawful_a manner_n but_o licentious_o and_o dishonest_o for_o this_o be_v the_o common_a intent_n with_o who_o all_o the_o other_o justice_n agree_v three_o 8_o where_o the_o word_n be_v doubtful_a in_o sense_n or_o meaning_n there_o likewise_o they_o will_v not_o be_v actionable_a to_o say_v that_o a_o man_n smell_v of_o a_o murder_n late_o commit_v will_v not_o bear_v a_o action_n b._n because_o the_o word_n be_v of_o a_o dubious_a sense_n and_o intendment_n bradshaw_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o walker_n for_o these_o word_n thou_o be_v a_o filch_a fellow_n and_o do_v â—â—lch_v from_o william_n parson_n a_o 100_o l._n adjudge_v that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a because_o that_o they_o be_v of_o incertain_a sense_n and_o meaning_n so_o to_o call_v one_o harlot_n will_v not_o bear_v a_o action_n b._n and_o upon_o this_o ground_n i_o conceive_v as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o that_o to_o call_v a_o woman_n hagge_n will_v not_o be_v actionable_a so_o to_o say_v of_o a_o man_n that_o he_o be_v a_o healer_n of_o felon_n or_o that_o he_o strain_v a_o mare_n as_o the_o case_n be_v before_o put_v will_v not_o be_v actinable_a because_o of_o their_o doubtful_a sense_n and_o meaning_n without_o the_o word_n be_v â—_o speak_v to_o such_o who_o know_v the_o meaning_n and_o intendment_n of_o they_o four_o where_o the_o word_n themselves_o be_v incertain_a or_o the_o person_n of_o who_o they_o be_v speak_v in_o such_o case_n they_o will_v not_o be_v actionable_a aâ—d_v first_o for_o the_o incertainty_n of_o the_o word_n 9_o that_o be_v when_o the_o scandal_n be_v not_o certain_a and_o apparent_a in_o the_o word_n themselves_o note_v reader_n that_o all_o the_o case_n put_v before_o upon_o the_o double_a or_o indifferent_a meaning_n of_o word_n be_v apt_a to_o this_o purpose_n as_o those_o thou_o have_v steal_v my_o apple_n or_o my_o corn_n or_o so_o many_o load_n of_o my_o fur_n or_o a_o tree_n or_o the_o like_o the_o word_n in_o these_o case_n be_v not_o actionable_a because_o the_o scandal_n be_v not_o apparent_a and_o certain_a by_o the_o word_n for_o in_o every_o of_o these_o case_n afore_o aught_o appear_v by_o the_o word_n the_o thing_n say_v to_o be_v steal_v may_v be_v grow_v and_o then_o it_o be_v a_o trespass_n only_o and_o no_o felony_n and_o to_o charge_v a_o man_n with_o a_o trespass_n will_v not_o be_v actionable_a but_o if_o the_o word_n be_v thou_o have_v steal_v my_o apple_n out_o of_o my_o loft_n my_o corn_n out_o of_o my_o barn_n or_o my_o fuâ—z_n or_o wood_n out_o of_o my_o yard_n in_o such_o case_n the_o word_n will_v be_v actionable_a because_o the_o scandal_n be_v apparent_a for_o that_o it_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o word_n they_o be_v not_o grow_v edward_n miles_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o francis_n jacob_n for_o these_o word_n 11._o thou_o have_v poison_a smith_n etc._n etc._n upon_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n in_o the_o chequer_n chamber_n it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v because_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v by_o the_o word_n that_o it_o be_v do_v witting_o 236._o gibs_n and_o jenkins_n case_n to_o say_v of_o a_o man_n that_o he_o boar_n away_o money_n or_o the_o like_a will_v not_o be_v actionable_a a._n say_v of_o b._n that_o he_o take_v away_o money_n from_o he_o with_o a_o strong_a hand_n bench._n for_o which_o b._n bring_v a_o action_n adjudge_v that_o it_o will_v not_o lie_v bramstan_n chiefâ—_n justice_n in_o the_o argue_n of_o hawes_n case_n mich._n 1â—_n of_o this_o king_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n remember_v this_o case_n he_o do_v assault_v i_o and_o take_v away_o my_o purse_n from_o i_o and_o he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a plâ—as_n the_o reason_n of_o these_o case_n be_v because_o that_o for_o aught_o appear_v by_o the_o word_n which_o be_v of_o themselves_o uncertain_a these_o may_v be_v trespass_n only_o and_o no_o felony_n again_o where_o the_o person_n scandalize_v be_v uncertain_a no_o action_n will_v lie_v if_o one_o say_v without_o any_o precedent_a communication_n of_o any_o person_n incertain_a that_o one_o of_o the_o servant_n of_o b._n he_o have_v divers_a be_v a_o notorious_a felon_n or_o traitor_n b._n etc._n etc._n here_o before_o the_o incertainety_n of_o the_o person_n no_o action_n lie_v neither_o can_v it_o be_v make_v good_a by_o a_o innuendo_fw-la so_o ibi_fw-la if_o one_o say_v general_o i_o know_v one_o near_a about_o b._n that_o be_v a_o notorious_a thief_n or_o the_o like_a no_o action_n will_v lie_v for_o the_o same_o reason_n so_o as_o it_o be_v in_o fleetwoods_n case_n in_o hobart_n report_v 351._o if_o a_o man_n say_v look_v upon_o three_o person_n one_o of_o these_o murder_v a_o man_n no_o action_n will_v lie_v for_o these_o word_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o incertainety_n of_o the_o person_n neither_o can_v a_o innuendo_fw-la help_v the_o incertainety_n and_o note_v reader_n that_o these_o case_n be_v not_o like_o wiseman_n case_n wiseman_n of_o grays-inn_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o wiseman_n of_o lincollins-inne_n his_o brother_n for_o these_o word_n bench._n my_o brother_n mean_v the_o plaintiff_n be_v perjure_v and_o i_o will_v justify_v it_o upon_o not_o guilty_a plead_v it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o it_o be_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o certain_a enough_o to_o ground_v a_o action_n upon_o because_o the_o plaintiff_n may_v have_v more_o brother_n and_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v of_o which_o of_o they_o the_o word_n be_v speak_v but_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o action_n will_v well_o lie_v because_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o they_o be_v speak_v of_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o the_o jury_n have_v find_v according_o and_o here_o tanfield_n justice_n take_v this_o difference_n where_o the_o word_n themselves_o be_v incertain_a as_o to_o say_v one_o of_o my_o brother_n be_v perjure_v there_o they_o can_v never_o be_v make_v good_a by_o any_o averrement_n but_o where_o the_o word_n be_v certain_a in_o themselves_o so_o that_o it_o may_v appear_v that_o the_o speaker_n intend_v a_o person_n certain_a there_o they_o may_v be_v make_v certain_a by_o such_o a_o declaration_n and_o the_o find_n of_o the_o jury._n and_o it_o be_v say_v that_o if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o there_o be_v divers_a brother_n the_o defendant_n shall_v have_v plead_v it_o and_o then_o issue_n shall_v have_v be_v take_v whether_o the_o word_n be_v speak_v of_o the_o plaintiff_n or_o no._n nor_o be_v the_o former_a case_n like_o a_o case_n which_o i_o cite_v before_o mich._n 2._o jac._n where_o a_o action_n be_v bring_v for_o these_o word_n bench._n thou_o do_v kill_v a_o woman_n great_a with_o child_n innuend_a jocosam_fw-la vxorem_fw-la cujusdam_fw-la r._n s._n defunct_a where_o it_o be_v rule_v that_o though_o the_o woman_n be_v utter_o incertain_a yet_o because_o the_o offence_n and_o the_o party_n intend_v to_o commit_v it_o be_v certain_a the_o action_n will_v well_o lie_v foxcroft_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o lacie_n and_o declare_v that_o a_o communication_n be_v move_v between_o john_n walter_n 118._o and_o richard_n guyn_n esquier_n concern_v a_o certain_a suit_n wherein_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o certain_a other_o be_v defendant_n and_o that_o the_o defendant_n lacie_n upon_o the_o say_a communication_n in_o their_o presence_n relation_n speak_v these_o word_n these_o defendant_n mean_v the_o plaintiff_n and_o the_o other_o be_v those_o that_o help_v to_o murder_n henry_n farrar_n mean_v one_o hen._n farrer_n decease_a who_o be_v murder_v by_o one_o t._n guldfield_n who_o be_v hang_v for_o it_o adjudge_v the_o word_n be_v actionable_a and_o that_o
you_o may_v see_v that_o where_o a_o man_n be_v false_o and_o malicious_o procure_v to_o be_v indict_v if_o he_o be_v acquit_v a_o writ_n of_o conspiracy_n or_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n in_o nature_n of_o a_o conspiracy_n as_o the_o case_n shall_v be_v will_v lie_v and_o though_o he_o be_v not_o acquit_v yet_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n will_v lie_v for_o the_o slander_n and_o vexation_n yet_o in_o all_o these_o case_n there_o be_v a_o prosecution_n in_o course_n of_o justice_n but_o because_o this_o prosecution_n be_v malicious_a tend_v much_o to_o the_o slander_n and_o scandal_n of_o the_o plantiffe_n therefore_o the_o action_n lie_v but_o here_o i_o will_v have_v you_o observe_v reader_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n ought_v in_o these_o action_n to_o declare_v that_o the_o defendant_n falso_fw-la &_o malitiose_fw-la procure_v he_o to_o be_v indict_v because_o the_o malice_n be_v the_o ground_n of_o the_o action_n and_o if_o upon_o the_o trial_n it_o do_v appear_v that_o there_o be_v probabilis_fw-la causa_fw-la for_o the_o indictment_n and_o prosecution_n thereupon_o the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v thus_o much_o shall_v suffice_v to_o show_v you_o in_o what_o case_n a_o legal_a prosecution_n in_o course_n of_o justice_n shall_v subject_v a_o man_n to_o a_o action_n in_o what_o not_o in_o the_o next_o place_n i_o shall_v show_v you_o which_o i_o can_v omit_v for_o what_o scandal_n of_o a_o noble_a man_n or_o great_a officer_n etc._n etc._n a_o action_n de_fw-fr scandalis_fw-la magnatum_fw-la will_v lie_v upon_o the_o statute_n a._n of_o 3._o e._n 1._o cap._n 33._o or_o 2._o r._n 2._o cap._n 5._o for_o a_o suit_n or_o other_o legal_a prosecution_n in_o course_n of_o justice_n against_o a_o noble_a man_n or_o great_a officer_n no_o action_n lie_v as_o be_v adjudge_v in_o the_o case_n of_o forger_n of_o false_a deed_n cite_v before_o so_o that_o as_o to_o this_o there_o be_v no_o difference_n betwixt_o a_o noble_a man_n and_o another_o person_n but_o what_o scandalous_a word_n may_v be_v actionable_a in_o case_n of_o a_o nobleman_n for_o which_o a_o action_n de_fw-fr scandalâ—â—_n magnatum_fw-la will_v lie_v and_o what_o not_o may_v be_v very_o considerable_a i_o shall_v cite_v only_o one_o case_n to_o this_o purpose_n which_o will_v be_v as_o a_o light_n to_o all_o case_n of_o this_o nature_n and_o therefore_o give_v i_o leave_v to_o give_v it_o you_o whole_o without_o dissection_n or_o abbreviation_n as_o i_o find_v report_v the_o earl_n of_o lincoln_n bring_v a_o action_n de_fw-fr scandalis_fw-la magnatum_fw-la upon_o the_o statute_n of_o westm._n bench._n 1._o cap._n 33._o against_o one_o john_n righton_n and_o recite_v the_o statute_n and_o say_v that_o the_o defendant_n say_v of_o he_o my_o lord_n be_v a_o base_a earl_n and_o a_o paltry_a lord_n and_o keep_v none_o but_o rogue_n and_o raseal_n like_o himself_o upon_o not_o guilty_a plead_v it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o it_o be_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a for_o though_o they_o be_v unseemly_a &_o immodest_a yet_o they_o be_v not_o such_o defamatory_n word_n upon_o which_o to_o ground_v a_o action_n for_o though_o they_o be_v true_a the_o earl_n can_v not_o incur_v any_o prejudice_n by_o they_o crook_n cont_n this_o action_n de_fw-fr scandalis_fw-la magnatum_fw-la be_v not_o to_o be_v compare_v to_o other_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n for_o word_n speak_v of_o any_o other_o person_n for_o this_o be_v inhibit_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o if_o the_o word_n be_v such_o that_o any_o discord_n may_v arise_v by_o they_o betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o his_o subject_n or_o his_o noble_n or_o any_o slander_n to_o they_o to_o bring_v they_o into_o contempt_n this_o action_n lie_v and_o i_o have_v see_v a_o record_n of_o a_o case_n in_o 4._o h._n 8._o of_o such_o a_o action_n bring_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o buckingham_n for_o such_o word_n which_o may_v cause_v he_o to_o be_v in_o contempt_n which_o be_v hold_v sufficient_a upon_o which_o to_o ground_v a_o action_n hobart_n attorney_n general_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n also_o who_o say_v that_o though_o a_o action_n do_v not_o lie_v for_o word_n betwixt_o common_a person_n but_o in_o case_n where_o they_o be_v touch_v in_o life_n or_o member_n or_o much_o in_o reputation_n yet_o if_o one_o speak_v any_o scandalous_a word_n of_o a_o earl_n or_o other_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n which_o impeache_n their_o credit_n because_o that_o they_o be_v of_o the_o great_a counsel_n of_o the_o king_n and_o state_n and_o a_o principal_a part_n of_o the_o body_n politic_a so_o that_o their_o discredit_n or_o disparagement_n be_v a_o disparagement_n to_o all_o the_o realm_n therefore_o every_o thing_n which_o trench_n only_o to_o their_o discredit_n be_v a_o cause_n of_o action_n and_o this_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o judgement_n in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o duck_n of_o buckingham_n in_o 4_o h._n 8._o feâ—ner_n iust._n it_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o the_o action_n lie_v for_o they_o be_v word_n of_o great_a slander_n to_o the_o earl_n but_o where_o the_o statute_n of_o marleb_n be_v that_o lord_n shall_v not_o distrain_v the_o beast_n of_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o king_n and_o carry_v they_o into_o castle_n so_o that_o they_o can_v be_v replevied_a and_o if_o one_o say_v that_o a_o lord_n have_v so_o do_v yet_o a_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v tanfield_n justice_n concesset_fw-la but_o he_o say_v if_o one_o say_v of_o a_o lord_n that_o he_o use_v to_o distrain_v and_o put_v the_o beast_n in_o his_o castle_n ut_fw-la supra_fw-la a_o action_n lie_v for_o one_o act_n against_o law_n will_v not_o bring_v he_o into_o contempt_n but_o if_o it_o be_v usual_a for_o he_o so_o to_o do_v this_o be_v a_o cause_n to_o make_v he_o contemptible_a in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o arundel_n who_o have_v make_v commission_n to_o his_o servant_n to_o make_v lease_n and_o improve_v rent_n one_o say_v of_o he_o my_o lord_n have_v send_v his_o commissioner_n to_o spoil_v the_o country_n it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o this_o action_n will_v lie_v and_o yet_o in_o case_n of_o a_o common_a person_n it_o will_v not_o lie_v without_o doubt_n yet_o because_o that_o it_o may_v cause_v the_o lord_n to_o be_v in_o contempt_n with_o the_o king_n and_o the_o people_n this_o action_n lay_v and_o so_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o it_o will_v here_o williams_z justice_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n and_o that_o the_o earl_n be_v conservator_fw-la pacis_fw-la at_o common_a law_n and_o comes_fw-la regis_fw-la and_o if_o any_o one_o speak_v of_o they_o any_o thing_n which_o may_v make_v they_o to_o be_v contemn_v of_o the_o king_n or_o his_o people_n a_o action_n lie_v upon_o this_o statute_n yeluerton_n justice_n be_v absent_a judgement_n be_v respite_v to_o the_o intent_n that_o the_o defendant_n by_o his_o submission_n may_v give_v satisfaction_n to_o the_o earl_n here_o you_o see_v the_o difference_n between_o word_n 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and_o that_o the_o defendant_n say_v then_o to_o the_o plaintiff_n that_o he_o innuendo_fw-la the_o plaintiff_n be_v so_o too_o innuendo_fw-la a_o traitor_n in_o both_o these_o case_n the_o innuendo_fw-la be_v good_a becuase_n it_o do_v its_o office_n in_o design_v of_o the_o person_n as_o also_o in_o declare_v of_o the_o matter_n or_o sense_n of_o the_o word_n which_o be_v certain_a before_o but_o a_o innuendo_fw-la b_o can_v make_v a_o person_n certain_a which_o be_v incertain_a before_o nor_o alter_v the_o matter_n or_o sense_n of_o the_o word_n themselves_o for_o it_o will_v be_v inconvenient_a that_o action_n shall_v be_v maintain_v by_o imagination_n of_o a_o intent_n which_o do_v not_o appear_v by_o the_o word_n upon_o which_o the_o action_n be_v found_v but_o be_v utter_o incertain_a and_o subject_a to_o deceaveable_a conjecture_n for_o by_o this_o mean_n if_o i_o shall_v be_v suffer_v to_o be_v the_o declarer_fw-la of_o the_o meaning_n or_o intendment_n of_o the_o incertain_a and_o doubtful_a speech_n of_o another_o man_n i_o may_v judge_v he_o to_o speak_v that_o he_o never_o think_v or_o intend_v and_o so_o punish_v he_o for_o that_o wherein_o he_o never_o offend_v the_o next_o and_o last_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v be_v where_o a_o averrement_n will_v be_v necessary_a in_o these_o action_n and_o where_o not_o and_o here_o i_o shall_v lay_v down_o this_o as_o a_o ground_n that_o in_o all_o case_n for_o word_n where_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n that_o be_v the_o cause_n or_o ground_n of_o the_o action_n or_o tend_v necessary_o to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o it_o in_o such_o case_n the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v without_o that_o thing_n be_v express_o aver_v to_o be_v or_o not_o to_o be_v as_o the_o case_n require_v 8._o miles_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o jacob_n for_o these_o word_n thou_o innuendo_fw-la etc._n etc._n have_v poison_v smith_n quendam_fw-la sam._n smith_n ad_fw-la tuuc_fw-la defunct_a innuendo_fw-la adjudge_v the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v for_o this_o reason_n among_o other_o because_o that_o do_v it_o not_o appear_v that_o smith_n be_v dead_a at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o word_n speak_v and_o the_o innuendo_fw-la for_o that_o purpose_n be_v no_o sufficient_a averrement_n the_o liâ—e_z case_n be_v trin._n 17._o of_o this_o king_n common-pleas_a a._n bring_v a_o action_n against_o b._n for_o these_o word_n thou_o have_v kill_v my_o brother_n innuendo_fw-la c._n etc._n etc._n fratrem_fw-la etc._n etc._n nuper_fw-la mortuum_fw-la adjudge_v the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v because_o the_o plaintiff_n do_v not_o aver_v that_o he_o be_v dead_a at_o the_o time_n when_o the_o word_n be_v speak_v and_o it_o be_v rule_v that_o the_o innuendo_fw-la be_v not_o a_o sufficient_a averrement_n the_o reason_n of_o these_o case_n be_v because_o the_o death_n of_o the_o party_n be_v the_o ground_n of_o the_o action_n and_o if_o he_o be_v not_o dead_a which_o shall_v the_o rather_o be_v intend_v without_o the_o plaintiff_n do_v express_o aver_v he_o to_o be_v dead_a than_o the_o plaintiff_n can_v not_o be_v endamage_v by_o the_o speak_n of_o the_o word_n and_o by_o consequence_n no_o action_n will_v lie_v for_o they_o i_o must_v confess_v that_o i_o have_v a_o report_n of_o a_o case_n which_o be_v 5._o of_o king_n james_n adjudge_v against_o the_o former_a case_n bench_n sir_n tho._n holt_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o tailor_n for_o these_o word_n sir_n thomas_n holt_n have_v kill_v his_o cook_n 107._o etc._n etc._n and_o do_v not_o aver_v that_o he_o have_v a_o cook_n nor_o that_o the_o cook_n be_v dead_a and_o this_o be_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n and_o by_o the_o whole_a court_n the_o declaration_n be_v move_v good_a because_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v intend_v that_o there_o be_v any_o such_o purgation_n of_o the_o slander_n as_o this_o be_v except_o it_o do_v appear_v in_o the_o record_n as_o the_o life_n of_o a_o man_n which_o be_v report_v to_o be_v dead_a but_o if_o it_o be_v express_v 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matter_n a_o reserve_n of_o power_n to_o make_v a_o second_o arbitrement_n which_o i_o conceive_v they_o can_v do_v i_o shall_v conclude_v this_o point_n with_o that_o ingenious_a conceit_n of_o herne_n plea_n in_o emery_n and_o emerye_n case_n remember_v before_o only_o a_o word_n or_o two_o more_o of_o his_o add_v a_o arbitrement_n say_v he_o be_v like_o a_o fine_a wherein_o the_o judge_n be_v arbitrator_n one_o have_v land_n &_o pro_fw-la hac_fw-la concordia_fw-la the_o other_o have_v money_n therefore_o fine_n upon_o condition_n be_v refuse_v because_o not_o final_a so_o the_o law_n do_v reject_v all_o arbitrement_n that_o be_v conditional_a or_o which_o leave_v the_o matter_n in_o controversy_n in_o suspense_n or_o unconclude_v for_o as_o a_o fine_a be_v so_o call_v because_o that_o it_o do_v finem_fw-la liâ—â—bus_fw-la imponere_fw-la so_o the_o proper_a work_n or_o office_n of_o a_o arbitrement_n be_v to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o controversy_n so_o yeluerton_n in_o 8_o e._n 4._o a_o arbitrement_n â—_o say_v he_o be_v use_v for_o the_o common_a weal_n for_o to_o decide_v debate_n and_o wrong_n among_o the_o people_n as_o fine_n be_v here_o he_o likewise_o join_v they_o both_o together_o and_o the_o very_a word_n of_o the_o condition_n in_o every_o bond_n to_o stand_v to_o a_o award_n will_v sufficient_o instruct_v the_o arbitrator_n what_o they_o be_v to_o do_v in_o this_o behalf_n which_o certain_o prudent_a antiquity_n put_v in_o to_o that_o very_a purpose_n where_o the_o party_n do_v submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o arbitrement_n sentence_n and_o final_a determination_n of_o the_o arbitrator_n and_o therefore_o the_o award_n be_v not_o according_a to_o the_o submission_n if_o it_o be_v not_o final_a the_o next_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v be_v where_o a_o award_n against_o law_n shall_v be_v void_a it_o may_v be_v apt_o demand_v what_o i_o intend_v by_o a_o award_n against_o law_n for_o every_o award_n that_o be_v not_o according_a to_o law_n as_o where_o it_o be_v uncertain_a impossible_a or_o the_o like_a as_o i_o have_v show_v before_o may_v be_v true_o say_v to_o be_v against_o law_n and_o therefore_o this_o will_v be_v but_o actum_fw-la agere_fw-la to_o show_v that_o a_o award_n against_o law_n shall_v be_v void_a by_o bill_v in_o 8_o e._n 4._o a_o award_n which_o be_v impossible_a be_v against_o the_o law_n b_o for_o say_v he_o the_o law_n be_v upon_o possibility_n and_o reason_n therefore_o that_o which_o be_v impossible_a be_v against_o law_n so_o by_o nele_n and_o choke_v a_o a_o award_n which_o be_v make_v in_o parcel_n or_o which_o enjoin_v a_o thing_n not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o party_n be_v against_o law_n by_o keble_n also_o in_o 9_o h._n 7._o a_o award_n that_o a_o man_n shall_v pay_v more_o then_o of_o right_n he_o ought_v to_o pay_v b._n be_v against_o law_n it_o be_v true_a that_o all_o these_o or_o the_o like_a in_o a_o general_a acceptation_n of_o the_o word_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v against_o law_n because_o they_o do_v not_o agree_v with_o the_o law_n but_o in_o a_o more_o particular_a and_o restrain_a acceptation_n of_o the_o word_n 55_o that_o be_v proper_o say_v to_o he_o against_o law_n which_o be_v either_o malum_fw-la in_o se_fw-la or_o malum_fw-la prohibitum_fw-la that_o be_v either_o against_o the_o commandment_n of_o god_n or_o the_o decree_n maxim_n and_o principle_n of_o the_o law_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o book_n in_o the_o margin_n and_o in_o this_o sense_n proper_o i_o conceive_v the_o law_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v where_o it_o speak_v of_o a_o award_n against_o law_n and_o therefore_o if_o a_o award_n be_v that_o the_o defendant_n shall_v kill_v or_o rob_v i._n s._n or_o that_o he_o shall_v maintain_v the_o plaintiff_n in_o such_o a_o suit_n or_o that_o he_o shall_v be_v bind_v to_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v a_o sheriff_n to_o save_v he_o harmless_a if_o he_o shall_v imbesiâ—l_v a_o writ_n or_o suffer_v a_o escape_n or_o that_o he_o shall_v forge_v such_o a_o deed_n or_o writing_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n or_o the_o like_a in_o such_o case_n i_o conceive_v the_o award_n will_v be_v void_a because_o it_o enjoin_v thing_n against_o the_o law_n but_o of_o this_o sufficient_a the_o next_o and_o last_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v be_v where_o a_o award_n make_v at_o several_a time_n or_o by_o parcel_n shall_v be_v void_a a_o award_n choke_v that_o the_o defendant_n shall_v pay_v a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o that_o the_o surety_n for_o payment_n thereof_o shall_v be_v by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o arbitrator_n this_o by_o choke_n be_v a_o void_a award_n because_o that_o the_o arbitrator_n can_v make_v their_o award_v twice_o for_o every_o arbitrement_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v entire_o and_o not_o by_o parcel_n and_o here_o be_v first_o a_o award_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o money_n and_o then_o here_o be_v another_o part_n of_o the_o award_n for_o the_o sufficiency_n of_o the_o security_n and_o these_o at_o several_a time_n which_o can_v be_v by_o danby_n justice_n 9_o if_o the_o arbitrator_n arbitrate_v part_v one_o day_n and_o part_v another_o day_n and_o give_v their_o judgement_n there_o the_o second_o be_v void_a but_o they_o may_v commune_v upon_o one_o point_n one_o day_n and_o another_o another_o day_n so_o that_o they_o do_v not_o give_v their_o judgement_n nisi_fw-la unica_fw-la vice_fw-la for_o all_o and_o by_o yaxley_n 10._o a_o arbitrement_n tell_v in_o part_n be_v void_a in_o the_o whole_a for_o a_o arbitrement_n can_v be_v make_v by_o parcel_n i_o conceive_v reader_n that_o this_o point_n will_v stand_v upon_o this_o difference_n where_o there_o be_v several_a award_v make_v and_o where_o but_o one_o award_n make_v at_o several_a time_n or_o by_o parcel_n i_o conceive_v they_o can_v make_v several_a a_o vards_o first_o because_o that_o be_v not_o agreeable_a to_o the_o submission_n in_o which_o the_o party_n bind_v themselves_o to_o stand_v to_o the_o award_n and_o arbitrement_n of_o 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that_o submission_n be_v most_o common_o to_o illiterate_a man_n neither_o be_v my_o opinion_n groundless_a or_o without_o authority_n 9_o for_o by_o moil_n in_o 39_o h._n 6._o a_o arbitrement_n may_v well_o be_v make_v in_o parcel_n so_o that_o all_o be_v make_v before_o any_o day_n assign_v i_o have_v now_o finish_v this_o poor_a endeavour_n of_o i_o of_o show_v you_o what_o arbitrement_n be_v good_a in_o law_n and_o what_o not_o i_o shall_v only_o add_v this_o one_o rule_n concern_v the_o understanding_n or_o exposition_n of_o arbitrement_n which_o will_v be_v very_o useful_a in_o that_o particular_a and_o â—o_o conclude_v all_o and_o that_o be_v a._n that_o a_o award_n or_o a_o arbitrement_n shall_v be_v construe_v according_a to_o the_o intent_n or_o meaning_n of_o the_o arbitrator_n and_o not_o according_a to_o the_o word_n