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A70658 A letter concerning the present state of physick, and the regulation of the practice of it in this kingdom written to a doctor here in London. T. M.; Merret, Christopher, 1614-1695. 1665 (1665) Wing M81C; ESTC R32085 26,204 65

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use of the common and more modern way of sending Bills to Apothecaries Shops but instead of that To buy their Physick of the said Apothecaries more or less as their practice shall requi●e Together with express order That no Physick should be given to any Patient without setting it first down in such manner and form as was accustomed before in the Bills sent to Apothecaries with the Patients name Year of our Lord and day of the Moneth and every such Bill to be fil'd up and kept by the Physician And the Physick so bought to be dispensed at home to the Patient by the Physician himself or his Servant or some young Student educated under him for that and all other things appertaining to his Art at reasonable rates The Physician not to demand or expect any other payment but for his Physick only unless he be sent for out of his own House and then to be paid his accustomed Fee according to the Ability of the Patient Yet this not to prejudice any other Physician of the Colledge who would take on him the Trouble and Charge of preparing all his Physick himself which was the use of the Ancients The reasons of this Proposition and the advantages it brings are very many and of great consideration 1. It appoaches as near to the genuine and true Method of Hippocrates Galen and other great Masters of Physick as the present constitution of things will admit And though your Self very well know what they did this way yet give me leave to put you in minde of some passages of Hippocrates and Galen to this effect for which I was lately beholding to Dr. our worthy friend He first acquainted me with the Letter of Hippocrates to an Herbarist his acquaintance to provide him things for the Cure of Democritus where he demands only Simples as Juyces and Tears of Plants which he orders to be sent in Glass Vessels and Leavs Roots and Flowers which he bids him put up in earthen Pots well clos'd he directs him to the time of gathering them and the place which was not difficult for him to do who was so well knowing of their Natures since he tells us how often he visited his Gardens and contemplated with wonder that Mysterious place the Earth which brings forth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Animals Plants Food Medicine and Riches And these Simples so bought and received were by himself to be prepared and compounded as occasion should require I need not describe to you the Physicians Shop out of the same Author who has a whole Treatise of it I shall content my self with a passage out of his Book 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The conversation and manners of a Physician which evidently shows how that Physicians of that time did not onely dispense their own Medicines themselves but make them too in Shops of their own by Hippocrates called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 His words are these A Phycsiian sayes he ought to have his Shop or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 provided with plenty of all necessary things as Lint Rowlers Splints all sorts of Chirurgical Instruments also of Medicines as for Wounds for the Eyes c. alwayes ready prepar'd Let there be likewise sayes he in readiness at all times another small Cabinet as it were of such things as may serve for occasions of going far from home have also ready all sorts of Plaisters Potions purging Medicines so contriv'd that they may keep some considerable time and likewise such as may be had and used while they are fresh The advantage of this will be very great for when you come to a Patient you will be more ready and certain what to do having all things prepar'd by you for your occasions Which is indeed a most excellent reason to perswade this course and much better then the hasty and praecipitate way of writing Bills And for Galen the same worthy Person has inform'd me There are so many things in him to this effect that it would be too great a vanity for me to tell you how he travell'd to Cyprus to enquire the nature of Mettals see Pompholyx Cadmia Diphryges Vitriol and brought home such quantity with him as might serve him all his life how he visited Palestine for its rich Balsom and the Bitumen found there or how curious he was at Lemnos to see the Terra Lemnia there he went likewise to Crete Alexandria and several other places for the same end and most earnestly conjures all who design'd themselves to this Study to do as he did and provide against the frauds and abuses of Impostors notwithstanding the great expence necessary for such an undertaking And a little after complains of a sort of men who contented themselves to know Simples out of Books Because sayes he the knowledge of sensible things can never be acquir'd but by frequent inspection and often repeated views I need not adde that he had a Repository which he call'd his 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 from whence the name of Apothecary came where he tells us his Medicines were alwayes under his Eye or in his hand To acquaint you that he made the Emperours Treacle with his own hands or dress'd the wounded Gladiators himself nor ever gave any Medicine of which he had not first tasted and smelt nay made experiment of it he sayes upon his own person and how he was hated by the Roman Physicians for using Simples and plain Medicines would from me to you be extreamly impertinent who know all this so much better then I. I shall content my self for the present to rectifie a mistake of some who think that there was a trade of men in Galens time such as our Apothecaries now are but this proceeds from want of understanding the ancient sense of the word Pharmacopola which in those times signifi'd not an Apothecary but such a person as we now call a Mountebank one who sold Physick in Markets Fairs and other places of publick Concourse And these were ever reputed at Rome among the basest and meanest men of the Town and were obnoxious to the common Laws made against Rogues and Vagabonds as Pliny has noted And if there were nothing else we might take their Character from Horace Ambubaiarum Collegia Pharmacopolae Mendici Mimi Balatrones hoc genus omne Moestum ac sollicitum est Cantoris morte Tigelli And out of Max. Tyrius We shall find sayes he that there is no kinde of good thing but some evil will endeavour to counterfeit it so a Sycophant will imitate an Orator a Sophister a Philosopher 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 And a Quack will pretend himself a Physician And for the Word Apothecary in Scripture 't is so well known that word means only sellers of rich Oyntments Perfumes Balsoms 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and such other Cosmeticks as were in use in those Countreys which sort of men were after by the Greeks call'd 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and among the Romans from the place