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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
sense_n	place_n	scripture_n	word_n	9,705	5	4.5641	4	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A86122	Of the article of our creed: Christ descended to Hades, or ad Inferos. Posit. 1. Christs soule went to Hades, or ad Inferos. 2. It concerns a Christian to know the right meaning of this article. Quest. 1. What is meant in the creed by this article? 2. Did Christs soule goe to heaven or Gehenna? With answers to both of them severally.	Hayne, Thomas, 1582-1645.	1642 (1642)	Wing H1220; Thomason E128_3; ESTC R22249	20,794	28

of the godly is expressed by Gods countenance shining on them the misery of the wicked by Gods setting his face against them ps 67.1 ps 34.15.16 Numb 6.25 Lev. 20.3 The one of these is cause of all happines●e the other of all misery both in this life and that to come They under the Law rejoyced in the one with great content strove with all earnestnesl● to avoyd the other In the new Testament for distinguishing the contrary lots of godly or wicked soules after death God uses the termes O●ranos heaven Tartar● hel well known to heathens and Paradise and Gehenna the usuall termes of the Iewes and best fitting their veine By these termes are the 2. opposit estates of all soules let forth whether godly or wicked nor is there any third distinct lot mentioned and in this plain evidence of Scripture wee rest 3. The time 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 refrigerij of cooling or refreshing is before the face of the Lord Act. 3.19 So that the soule enjoyes the light of Gods countenance and Gods face shines upon it as this matter was phrased in the old Testament And where atta●neth the soule separated this blisse but in heaven often mentioned in the New Testament And as the soule in heaven so the body layd down in the dust is freed both from the fiery darts of the dive● and from the hot persecutions of the wicked 4. Seeing the godly in regard of their regenerate part are said to have their conversation in heaven whilst here they live much more are their soules fitted for heaven and there have their conversation with Christ which Paul held to be best of all for himselfe Phil. 1.23 when their bodies lie in the earth expecting their purging and rehning and raising up to glory Ob. It is said that Christ did 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to Hades that is goe down ad Inferos for so the word signifies Therefore by his going down is rather expressed that his soule went to Hel then to Heaven which is upward Ans The Divines of Zurick tell us as above that this is but the thras● and usuall speech of the tongue in which the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 signi●es a going from one place to another without any respect to upward or downward This is clearly to be seen by the often use of the word in the Acts of the Apostles So that the exposition of the word may bee that Christ went and not descended to Hades Besides though 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and descendo and so Iarad the Hebrew word in speech of going from an hil doe signify to goe down as Exod. 19.14 25. yet often they signify a passage from one country to another as from Canaan to Egypt Gen. 42.2.3 44.23.26 Deut. 10.22 Or a going to war whether upward or downward Iud. 1.9.1 Sam. 26.10 Hence it is that Jarad is sometimes translated by 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to ascend As namely Ionas is said by the 70 Ion. 13. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to goe up into the ship or to take ship which action Ps 107.23 is termed a going down to the Sea in ships Again whereas Ruth is said by the 70 to goe up to the floor of Boaz Ruth 3.3 shee is said in vers 6. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to goe down to the same floor Again 't is said that Sampson and his father Iaredu went down to Timnah Iudg. 14. yet 't is said that the Philistines came up to Timnah to Sampsons father in Laws house Iudg. 15.6 Thus it is manifest that the word signifies any passage from one place to another This is further cleared by Judg. 15. where t is said that Sampson dwelt on the top of the rock Etam and that 3000. men of Indah Iar●du 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 went up it must be so by consequence to him on the top of the Rock vers 11. and in the next verse laradnu 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 wee are come up for he was on the hil to binde thee Thus Iarad and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in the 70. by consequence signifie to ascend Wherefore 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in the Creed may truly and without violence to the words be expounded he went and may be consequence import that the soule of Christ ascended because the Gospel saith that his soule went from the Crosse to Paradise or Heaven Obj If the A●ticle He descended into Hel expresse no more but Christs going to the world unseen and if that part of the world unseen be Heaven according to the New Testament How could the Creed possibly bee Englished Hee went to Hel and an opinion be so long held by many that he went to Gehenna Ans 1. The English term Hel comes from the words to Hil or to Hel and these words anciently and at this day in some countries in England signify to Cover For to Hel or Hel the head is to cover it Thus Hel according to its old and originall signification rightly expresles Hades and imports the world unseen hid and covered to us 2. Our ancientest translations of the Bible did usually put Hel for Sheol Hades Now seeing translations are to be examined judged of by the tongue originall the word Hel must have the same signification that Sheol and Hades have and so expresse the world unseen and may be consequence as doe the originall words signify 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Hades which is in Heaven as Damascius cald it 3. If the word Hel come from Sheol by losing S. which as easily it may doe as Cachinnus of Shekok laughter and a Bat and Battoun from Shebet a staffe and a Boat lose C. and its vowel and yet come from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 then much the rather may Hel have the signification of Sheol and Hades See further my Lord Primats judicious answer to this point pag. 287. of his B. And 4. because Hades in the Creed was in Latine translated by the word Inferi and Inferi conceived properly to expresse Hel or Gehenna by some who were not masters of that tong or were misled by the darknesse of their times though indeed it doth not so as the learned I Casaubon above Hence in some part grew the misprision Obj. But is it possible that words should be so misconceived and the largnesse of their signification restrained by misprision Ans T is not unusuall nor hath it onely happened to Hades and Inferi but to many other words that from a generall signification 1. custome of speech hath made them like the conclusion following the worse part to be commonly taken in the worse sense and then 2. ignorance of the rarer signification of words in their primitive and remote sense hath sealed up and confirmed the errour So Hostis of old signified any stranger afterward when some strangers proved enemies it came to signify an enemie And had not Tully and some ancient writers reserved notice for us that once it signified a stranger from the custome of its use in later writers it would be concluded to signify onely an enemie The word knave of old signified any man servant or attendant good or bad I. Stowe R. Versteg Now the custome of our speach hath attributed it onely to an ill conditioned Rascal So that the old generall signification of the word is wholly unknownto our common people The like hath befallen Hades Sheol Inferi their generall signification of th● world unseen hath by ignorance overspreading former times and by neglect of knowledge of tongs bin much forgot and suffered them to be usually understood in the worse part as if they alwayes denoted the place of the damned But now these mists and fogges of errour are by Gods goodnesse dispelled and the right meaning and sense of these words cleared and justified by the attestation of Scripture and the ancient Fathers both the Greek and Latine Thus have I answered the Objections against the going of Christs soule from his body on the crosse to Heaven Now further it will bee more easily granted that his soule went to the mansions of blisse if it bee well considered that Hades in the Macedonian Dialect d●th signify usually Heaven For seeing the Macedonian victories made the Greek tong well known through a larg circuit of the world their acceptation of this word which God pleased to make use of in the New Testament must doubtlesse bee of good esteem and weight with the judicious Now in what sence they used the term Hades appears in the King of Spaines great Bible published by Arias Montanus a learned and judicious linguist In the Greek and Latine Dictionary belonging to this Bible 't is said Hade Macedones vocant calum The Macedonians call Heaven Hade And Ieronymus Meg●serus a man famous for his skill in many tongs in his Thesauro Polygl●sto puts Hade for Heaven in the Macedonian tong And in his book of the Lords prayer in 50. languages in the Macedonian tong it runs thus Our Father which are in Hade Thus as the use of Hades in the common Greek Dialect maks not against nor disproves so in the Macedonian Dialect it makes for and confirmes my Answer to the second Question And now having endevoured as breifly and perspicuously as I could to discover the truth of the cheif points which concern the subject undertaken I humbly submit all that I have said to the judgment of the learned and judicious who for their skill are able and for their study of the Truth will be ready to try and scan each particular here delivered and approve and hold all that is sound and warrantable In which disquisition and trial I beseech the God of Truth to direct them for his own glory the honour of Christ our Saviour the prevention of offence to the Iewes and the settling of peace in the Christian Church about these points FINIS ERRATA Pag. ● lin 6. grave were united rose again from the dead pag 4.1.38 consequence p. 6.1 13. distinguished p. 7. l ●… texts p. 8. 1. 25. witnesse with p. 10.1 ● one Hyperb. and 1.33 Christ died p. 12.1.16 clad with

' Death when Soule is put for life As Psalme 30.3 Lord thou last brought up my soule from Sheol that is my life from Death And Psalme 49.25 God will redeeme my soule from the hand of Sheol that is my life from death That life is signified by soule is evident by our Translation very often As Matth●w 2.20 Herod was dead who tought the young Childs life where the Original hath Soule And that Sheol is put for death appeareth Psalme 88 3. My soule is full of troubles and my life draweth nigh unto Sheol that is Death Secondly When Sheol Hades Inferi are spoken of the body they signifie Grave as Gen. 42.38 Yee will bring my gray head with sorrow to Sheol that is my body to the grave So I Kings 2.9 David bids Salomon bring Shemei his hoary head with bloud to Sheol to the Grave Thirdly When they are spoken of the Soule separate from the body they signifie the common state of all soules departed this life So that their owne proper force extends no further but to expresse the world unseene without any distinction of the blessed place for the faithfull or place of torment for unbeleevers In this sence these words are found Psalme 89.48 What man liveth that shall not see death This speech expresses what becomes of every mans body It followes Shall hee deliver his soule from the hand of Sheol or the world unseene Here t is expressled that the soule of every man dying goes to an other world which is called Sheol because 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 it requires all men to come thither and cal'd Hades because it is a place 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 unseene unto us a live Seeing every man hath an immortall soule the necessity of human condition requireth that when the soule ceaseth to give life to the body it go to the other world And this is the common condition of all soules both of the godly and ungodly all of them are said indifferently to go to Sheol or Hades to the world unseene Now the nature of these words admits the like acception and sence which other generall words have when they comprehend places of better and worse condition As namely when it is said The Embassadours were brought from Dover to London and the Pirates were brought from DOVER to LONDON London is the place common to both the condition of the persons distinguishes of their lodging of the honourable entertainement of the former of the imprisonment of the later So though Sheol Hades Inferi denote the common lodge of all soules separate from their bodies yet the quality of the persons may and doth intimate and distinguish the estate of their joy or torment When therefore it is said of a good and faichfull soule it is gone to Sheol or Hades the meaning is according to the bare force of the word that it is gone to the world unseene but by consequence it is implyed that it is gone to Heaven because Heaven is that part of the world unseene which of Gods mercy in Christ is prepared for beleevers And when it is said of an unbeleevers soule that it is gone to Hades or Sheol the bare force of the words ●nferres no more but that it is gone to the world unseene but by consequent it is implyed that it is gone to Geheuna That both the ancient Fathers and best approved forraigne writers use these words as here I have explained them the most learned Arch-Bishop Vsher hath out of the plentifull treasures of his observations excellently and clearely demonstrated in his answer to the Iesuite Fourthly When the person is put for the soule separated by death so that the person is said to goe to Sheol Hades Inferos those tearmes in their owne force signifie no more but the generall place of all soules good and badde without distinction of their severall and different Lot 1. That the person is sometimes put for the soule I prove by these Scriptures 2 Cor. 5.1 When our earthly house of this Tabernacle shall be destr●yed wee have a building of God an house not made with hands eternall in the heavens Here by Wee is to bee understood Our Soules So Saint Augustine using the like kinde of expression saith The blessed poore are received into Abrahams bosome as was Lazaru after this life That is their soules are received into the same Quaest. in Evang. lib. 2. And of the person of the wicked it is said 2 Peter 2.4 and 9. The Lord reserves the unjust that is the soules of the unjust unto the day of judgement as he doth the Angels which fell in chaines of darkenesse And Apoc. 14.11 It is said The wicked are tormented evermore before the Lambe Namely their soules first and after the Resurrection their soules and bodies both together endure that torment Thus it is evident that the person is sometimes put for the soule seperate from the body Secondly That the word Hades and so Sheol and Inferi of like nature with Hades signifie in this kinde of use the place of soules both good and bad just and unjust I thus shew Revel 20.13 In speech of preparation for the great and generall judgement of the world it is said that death and Hades gave up the dead which were in them Here the persons the dead are said to be given up out of death and Hades namely the dead that is the bodies of the dead are restored from death and cl● dead that is the soule of the dead doe come from Hades the world unseene Theophylact on 1 Cor. 15. Thus understood death and Hades where he saith Jufernus or the world unseene hath possession of the soules separated death of the bodies The speech of our Lords body and soule in the Creed may hence in great part bee cleared and made manifest For when we say Christ was buried that is affirmed of the person which is properly spoken of one part of him namely his body And when it is said Christ went to Hade● that is affirmed of the person which is properly spoke● of the Soule And thus commonly the condition of body and soule parted is expressed and to bee understood when the speech mentions the state of both So that Hades and Inferi expresse the generall place which receives all soules separated And in this regard Hilary on Psalme 138. saith That Christs so●e was in Hades or apud Inferos quia consummationem veri hominis non recusavit to shew that hee was ●uly man and the●e he addes this reason It is the Law of humane necessity that when the body of any man is dead the soule should go to Hades or ad Inferos to the world unseene And hence it is that Hades is frequently mentioned as the common lodge of all men 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 All mortall men goe to Hades And againe 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Epig. Graec. B. 3.6 Hades is the common Haven receiving all men that is all mens soules Hence it is that there it is

OF THE ARTICLE OF OVR CREED Christ descended to Hades or ad Inferos Posit 1. Christs soule went to Hades or ad Inferos 2. It concerns a Christian to know the right meaning of this Article Quest 1. What is meant in the Creed by this Article 2. Did Christs Soule goe to Heaven or Gehenna With Answers to both of them severally LONDON Printed in the yeare 1642. To the Christian Reader GOD hath in these later dayes opened a plentifull fountain of sacred truth to informe our judgements and direct our practise yet such is humane frailty that ignorance and curiosity have broached many Controversies and prejudice and partiality maintained most of them with much vehemency of contention and disaffection of hearts Whereby the propagation of the Gospel and the advancement of Gods glory is much retarded These things it becomes us not onely tolament but to endeavour by all possible meanes to remedy Now what better and speedier course can be taken for cure herein then for the Sons of the God of Peace Subjects of the Prince of Peace men renewed by the Spirit of Peace to take to themselves a calm and peaceable temper to treat of sacred matters without malice and bitternesse in points of much controversie and difficulty to use a punctuall plain and breif discourse That Truth bee neither lost nor undiscerned nimium altercando by vastnesse of debate nor clouded by extravagant far fetcht and nice expressions I have in this present Treatise endeavonred to bring arguments and grounds most perspicuous breif and pertinent that the point here handled might not bee 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and a rock of offence amongst us Some passages herein require not an ordinary skill in tongues So that men not versed that way are to bee intreated not to precipitate their judgments but many passages are so cleared by Scripture and good deductions thence that my appeale may be to any indifferent judge Such as this discourse is I present it unto your gentle perushall and serious consideration and humbly desire Gods gracious blessing on both our paines and the Divine assistance of his Holy Spirit leading us into all Trueth Two Positions about the ARTICLE Descendit ad Inferos to Sheol or to HADES POSITION I. Christ did Descendere ad Inferos to Sheol or Hades THe Old and New Testament the two excellent witnesses of sacred Truth affirme with one accord That Christs soule was in Sheol or Hades and as in latine these termes be generally by all translate apud inferos For Psalme 16.10 T is said Thou wilt not leave my soule in Sheol or Hades nor suffer thy holy one to see corruption And Act. 2. These very words are expresly cited from the Psalm And there S●nt Peter expounds the latter part of the words thus Nor suffer thine holy one to see corruption that is Christs Body or Flesh to to turne to dust in the grave The meaning therefore is that Christs So ●e going to Sheol or Hades or ad Inferos should not there bee left to abide or continue longer then the third day For Christ promised to rise againe and set the time of his Resurrection to bee not before the third day This it pleased him to doe that he might fulfill what was typed in Ionas As also that wee might assuredly know that he was truly dead From Christs interring untill the third day Christs flesh or body did rest in hope which could not in any wife bee frustrate And therefore on the third day Christ was quickned by the Spirit 1 Peter 3.8 So that his Sou●e which h●d beene in Sheol or Hades or apnd Inferos and his body which was in the grave united and that himselfe role dead For these passages concerning Christ David as a Prophet saw before and spake concerning Christs rising from death Which death to Christ as to all men was the parting of the soule and bodie to bee sent each to their due place Thus it is manifest by facred Scripture that Christs soule did descendere ad Inferos or goe to Sheol or Hades For what was not left there must goeth●ther be there and come thence Seeing Scripture is so expresse in this point I shall not need to use any further proofe thereof POSIT 2. It doth much co●cerne us Christians to understand aright what is meant by Christs Soule going ad Inferos to Sheol or Hades IT behooves us truely to understand what is meant by the descent of Christ because 1. It is a ru●h affirmed by the Holy Ghost in both Testaments and an expression of a chiefe action of CHRIST about his death and Resurrection 2. Because Saint Peter doth cite from the Old Testament words witnessing the same and expounds them as u●eful to be knowne for the confirmation of a Christians faith in the point of Chri●●efurrection which is a matter of great consequence for our salvation 3. Because this clause 1. Is taken into the common Creed of the Churches in this part of the world 2. Expounded as part of the Creed by many of the ancient Fathers and mentioned in diverse parts of their workes and generally acknowledged and received by late Writers upon the Creed 4. Because the different expositions thereof have in these latter times occasioned much controversie and jarres among Christians and beane a great stumbling blocke to Iewes who are of themselves too averse from Christianity and made by misprision and quarrells about this Article much more to disaffect our Doctrine ● What inconvenience and mischiefe these have brought to the Church of Christ in these our days is most apparent In regard of these and other reasons which might bee produced it very much concernes us Christians to understand aright and to professe what according to sacred truth is meant by Christ Soule going ad Jnferos That I may clearely set downe what I conceive both from Scripture and the learned and worthy paines of the most judicious Divines and exquisite searchers into the fa●red Text is meant thereby I propound the two following questions and answer thereun●o QUEST 1. What is the full meaning and true sense of the word in our CREED Hee des ended ad Inferos to Sheol or Hades● FOr the making a distinct punctuall answer to this question I will first produce the various significa ●o●s of the words Sheol Hades Inferi For unlesse ambiguous words bee well and rightly distinguished neither can I fully and perspicuously expresse my meaning nor others without misprision conceive what they endeavour to understand If words give not a certaine sound wee shall but beate the ayre and leave the matter doubtfull and give occasion to further dispute First Then Sheol Hades Inferi signifie Death when they are spoken of a person in danger of his life As Psalme 18.6 The sorrowes of Sheol compassed mee that is the sorrowes of Death or sorrowes bringing to the Grave and Ps●me 116.3 The paines of Sheol found mee that is griefe and paine hastning death They doe also signifie