vapor which is the most common cause of it but if a cold distemper either inward or outward give this Disease a beginning the Remedies which cure it are to be taken out of the first Chapter of this Book And lastly it plenty of blood have begot this Disease or doth maintain and nourish it it is very proper to diminish it by opening a vein You must advise the Patient to a hot and moist Diet as in al Diseases that come from a Melancholly humor CHAP. V. Of the Palsey or Paralysis A Palsey is the loss of Sence and Motion in some parts of the Body by reason of the stopping of the Passages of the Animal Spirits There are many kinds of Palseys for either it is in all the parts of the Body below the Head and then it is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or else it possesseth only one side of the Body and then it is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or it possesseth but one part of the Body and then it is called a Particular Palsey although some Authors use all these terms as Paralysis Hemiplegia Paraplegia Paresis and Resolutio promiscuously for one and the same disease which is a loss to Sence and Motion in any part of the Body There is therefore a double Palsey one called Perfect in which Sence and Motion is quite gone another Imperfect in which Sence and Motion are decayed and diminished and if it be a smal diminution it is not a Palsey but a Numbness or Dulness called Torpor or Stupor which is the way to a true and perfect Palsey and the forerunner thereof There is another kind of Palsey which is When the Motion is hurt and the Sence not or when the Sence is hindered and the Motion not The Causes of a Palsey are generally al those which hinder the passage of the Animal Spirits into the Nerves and Muscles The chief of al is a waterish Humor which by stopping compressing condensing or making thick refrigerating or making cold hinders the passage of the Animal Spirits This watery Humor comes from the Brain and fals upon the Nerves and Marrow of the Back So a light Apoplexy turns into a Palsey when the Humor that caused it falls from the Head upon the Marrow and beginning of the Nerves and so gets into the substance of them and shuts up those insensible Passages through which the Spirits come to the Parts or descending by the hollow of the Back-bone and by the Marrow of the Back and running upon the Nerves it compresseth and streightneth them whereby the Animal Spirits are hindered in their Motion Moreover The same Humor may so thicken the substance of a Nerve by its coldness that it cannot be passed through by the Animal Spirits And lastly The Passage of the Animal Spirits to the parts of the Body may be so hindered by a simple distemper in cold and moistness that the Native temper of a Nerve and the heat in it may be destroyed and the Animal Spirit not perform his office for the heat of the Animal Spirits must be joyned with the Natural heat of the part for the performance of its Office There is a Controversie whether other Humors may be the cause of a Palsey which we will not omit though they are very seldom mentioned by others Trallianus in his first Book Chap. 6. reports of a certain man that fell into a Palsey through sadness and grief and after taking of Hiera he became immovable without motion and had died if he had not used al moistening things for his meat and drink and other things to bring him to a temperate condition especially many Baths and Oyntments of Hydroetrum that is of Water and Oyl beaten together Paulus in his Third Book Chap. 28. and 43. talks of a Palsey which came of a Chollerick Chollick which is cured by cooling means and in our time the Chollick of the People of Poicteurs in France is very remarkable for it turns for the most part into a Palsey and all men of understanding acknowledg it to proceed of a Chollerick matter of which I shall speak more at large in my Treatise of the Chollick An example is given by Forestus in his 97. Observation and his tenth Book of a yong man who had an extenuation for want of nourishment in his Limbs and when he grew worse by hot and dry Medicines which Physitians prescribed for him was at last restored only by the taking and applying of moistening Medicines And Reason doth cleerly shew this for Choller Melancholly or any other Humor falling upon the Nerves if they fall upon them inwardly they may stop the insensible passages of the Nerves or if they fall upon them out wardly they may so press upon them that they may bring a Palsey Nor do the Reasons which Rondeletius gives to the contrary any way convince when he saith That Choller and Melancholly do rather dry than soften and mollifie the Nerves and Choller is more likely to produce a Convulsion by his sharpness and griping than a Palsey For although commonly a Palsey be called a Resolution and softening of the Nerves which is alwaies in a Palsey that cometh of flegm yet it is not requisite that a Resolution of the Nerves should be in every Palsey because it comes more properly and essentially from a stopping and hindering of the passage of the Animal Spirits which when it may be caused by a compression or straitening of the Nerves and the like it doth not alwaies proceed of softening and mollifying But the opinion of a Palsey coming from a relaxing and softening of the Nerves came from hence namely Because the parts which have the Palsey being not able to be stretched forth seem as it were to be relaxed and softened for the motion of parts is by the extension or stretching forth of the Muscles and by the contraction of drawing together of the same to their Original which extension when the parts do want they are said to be relaxed although they have neither been extraordinarily moistened nor softened Moreover Since there are divers sorts and degrees of Choller it is not necessary that every sort should have such acrimony and sharpness as is able to beget a Convulsion Furthermore There is a various mixture of Humors and flegm or water may be mixed with that choller which produceth the Palsey and so contemperate or mitigate his sharpness Such a mixture doth often happen in Bastard Tertain Feavers which are probable to be those which Fernelius saith turn into Palseys Finally This is very manifest from the Scorbutick Palsey or that which is joyned with the Scurvy which hath often a Convulsion accompanying it as Galen in many places and Sennertus in his Book of the Scurvey the fifth Chapter and albeit a true Scorbut or Scurvy is seldom seen in our Country yet we often see certain Scorbutick infirmities in which some symptoms of the true Scorbut do evidently appear And therefore in our 74. Observation and the first
Centaury and in our 98. Observation and the second Centaury were given two examples of Scorbutick Palseys accompanied with Convulsions There may be divers other Causes of a Palsey which are little observed As first A cold and moist Distemper simple and without matter may by congealing of the Spirits not only hinder their passages and influence upon the parts but also by destroying the temper of the Nerves make them uncapable of receiving the animal Spirits whereby they have Sence and Motion and this cold and moist distemper from overcoldness of the air or from the touching of a cold thing as Galen teacheth 4. de Loc. Aff. Chap. 4. of a certain man who when in a cold season and a great storm he had wrapt his wet Cloak a long time about his Neck fel into a Palsey in his hand the Nerves which come from the Neck and Marrow of the Back-bone being thereby made too cold and moist Some of our late Writers have reported That a Palsey may be procured by a stupifying or numbing quality which is inhaerent in some Medicines and Poysons and somtimes in the humors themselves And hence they say comes that Palsey which is caught by touching of the Torpedo or Cramp-fish but it is not so much to be termed a Palsey which cometh by that way as a Stupor or Stupifaction and numbness such like as that which Goldsmiths and Gilders have often by the touching and much using of Quick-silver and Looking-glass makers also which is often seen in Venice And Platerus supposeth that Wine by narcotick or stupifying quality begets Palseys and Numbness although others differ from his Judgment yet Fernelius seems to favor his Opinion affirming in the place above cited that he once saw a man whose skin by gluttony and drunkenness was all over stupified and insensible And Petrus Fabius in his Notes upon Altimar Chap. 14. relates a story of a certain Barbar who after he had been strongly tipling of Wine awaked at mid-night and fell suddenly into an universal Palsey of all the parts of his Body beneath his face so deprived of Sence and Motion that he felt not when he was cut and scarrified with a knife nor when he was pricked deeply with needles But his surfet and drunkenness being past he was cured in the space of three daies only by revulsions and resolving Oyntments applied to the back Notwithstanding this Author doth not impute this Palsey to the Narcotick or stupifying quality of the Wine but to those gross vapors which arose from his surfet and stopped the Nerves and this cause may be accounted among otheres that produce this Disease We have shewed in our Treatise of sleeping Diseases That there is a stupifying quality in corrupt and malignant Humors which being carried to the Nerves may hinder their Actions and since the Humors which produce the Scorbut have a venemous and malignant quality they may also have a stupifying forâ—e which may cause also a Palsey with the Scorbut or a Scorbutick Palsey although as we said before an obstruction or stopping or pressing of the Nerves may be sufficient to cause a Palsey alone Moreover Tumors growing by the Back-bone and its Nerves may without doubt cause a Palsey by pressing upon the Nerves So the cutting and pricking of a Nerve may produce the same effect The dislocation luxation or making loose of any of the Back bones or other Joynts may cause the same by pressing upon the Nerves And lastly The Condensation or thickning of the Nerves may hinder the influence and passage of the Spirits which comes either by too much exsiccation or drying or of a gross Earthy Humor which is taken into the substance of them So in those that have the Leprosie called Elephantiasis the sence and feeling of many parts is lost by reason of their growing too thick and hard by an Earthy and gross Nourishment which they receive The Causes of different Palseys are these In a perfect Palsey which supposeth a perfect privation of both Sence and Motion there is more plenty of the matter which causeth it by a general obstruction or stopping and binding of the Nerves But in an imperfect Palsey there is less matter to stop and bind the Nerves whereby it comes to pass that the passage of the Animal Spirits is not altogether so closed up but it wil suffer some portion of them to have their recourse Somtimes the Motion is hindered and the Sence not because there is more vertue to cause Motion than to cause sence or feeling in regard feeling is a kind of passion but Motion consists altogether in action Somtimes the Sence is hindered and not the Motion for in some parts of the body those nerves and their branches which serve for sence do not serve for motion as those nerves which are in the skin if they only be hurt the Sence only is hurt which is seen in a particular Palsey which is in one part only of the Body But if the chief nerves which are carried to the Muscles be hurt the sence cannot only be hindred but the motion also The Diagnosis or Knowledg of this Disease is directed to three things namely The kind or sort of the Disease to the part affected and to the cause that produceth it We may easily know what kind of Palsey it is because the want of motion and the privation of sence are to be discovered by the eye It is harder to know the part affected but it is found out by the knowledg of Anatomy which declareth the original and joyning of the nerves For if the right side of the face or left hath the Palsey and no other part be hurt the Brain is only hurt in that part from whence the nerves are brought that come to those sides of the face But if the parts under the head be hurt together with the Face then it is a sign that the Back bone is hurt as wel as the Brain And if the parts beneath the Head are hurt and not the face the fault is only in the Back bone If half the Body have the Palsey only one half of the Back bone is affected but if the whol body suffer then is the original of the Back bone hurt When the Palsey is in the Legs the part affected is about the bottom of the marrow of the Back and the Vertebrae or turning Bones of the Os Sacrum and so we must search out for the place whence the nerves spring which are brought to that part which is troubled with the Palsey Somtimes also the searching into the outward Cause doth much avail for the knowledg of the part affected Two examples whereof are brought by Galen one whereof we mentioned before out of his fourth Book de loc affect chap. 4. concerning a man in a cold stormy time wrapt his wet cloak so long about his neck til he fel into a Palsey in his hand Another is in his first Book de loc affect chap. 5. of Pausinias Syrus who lost the sence
Also the Passage is stopped by the Stone by a Crude and Thick Humor by a Clod of Blood or Matter Besides The Urine may be stopt by a Tumor in some part nigh to the neck of the Bladder from the swelling of the Womb from the Excrements in the straight Gut or from the Hemorrhoids growing big Somtimes it comes from the long holding of the Water by which the Bladder is so stretched that it cannot contract it self to expel Urine by which stretching the passage is stopt and contracted Now the Bladder is filled by Urine too long detained two waies First when a sound man by urgent occasions in the Market Senate Church Banquet Running and the like holds his Urine for want of opportunity to void it which stretcheth it so that it cannot again contract it self and the pricking of the Urine is not perceived by reason of its dull sence from the distemper of the Nerves which come thither when those Nerves which are for the contracting of the Muscle are well and sound which Galen saith befel one 6. de loc aff cap. 4. when his Back bone was strained That is called a bastard Ischuria in which the Urine is stopped and the bladder empty because no Water descends into it There is a two-fold Cause why no Urine comes to the Bladder either because the Kidneys do not draw that wherof the Urin is made and send it down or because the Ureters wil not receive it therfore either the attractive or expulsive Faculty of the Reins is hurt The attractive or drawing Faculty is hurt by the Error of the Object or in its self This is from a strong distemper especially cold or from some stoppage in the Reins or in the Emulgent Veins These Obstructions proceed from the Stone thick flegm or Matter that falls down thither The obstruction of the Emulgents comes somtimes from too much blood or serous Matter a Story whereof we have in our Observations Observ I. Cent. I. By the fault of the Object the attraction of the Reins is hindered when the serum or water is spent as in burning Feavers or sent to other parts as in a Dropsie The Expulsive Faculty is hurt by the same Causes namely distemper the stone clods of blood matter or gross flegm or Inflamation The Ureters do not receive the Serum nor send it to the Bladder by reason of Inflamations or Obstruction by the Stone a clod of Blood Matter or thick flegm or by a compression from some humor in a part adjacent We must observe that both Kidneyes or Ureters are affected for the total stoppage of Urine for if one be open the Urine may pass The aforesaid Causes if they be violent may make a total Obstruction of Urine which is called Ischuria but if they be smal or remiss they make only an evacuation in part which is called a Strangury and both Diseases come from the same cause different in degrees A true Ischuria is known by the weight and enlarging of the lower part of the belly and by a Tumor in form like the bladder The Causes are known by things aforegoing or that accompany it For if it come from too great a quantity of Urine which hinders the Contraction of the Bladder the Patient wil tel you how that he forbore to piss by reason of long riding or the presence of some people of Honor and that before he never had any distemper in those parts But if he hath had a Delirium a Palsey or the like you may refer the stoppage to them The Stoppage which comes from Tumors of those or the adjacent parts or other Causes before mentioned wil be known by their proper Signs The stopping of the passage of the Bladder is known by a searing Candle put in or a Catheter which if they cannot pierce but are stopped by the way shew that there is a either stone or a Caruncle or a little Excrescens of flesh or the like in the passage And these are to be distinguished for if it be a Stone there was formerly a pain of the Reins whether it came from the Bladder or Reins If a Caruncle there was a stinking Gonorrhoea or running of the Reins or an Ulcer in the passage of the Yard that did long run And lastly If there be a Clod of Blood or Matter or Flegm you shal see some part of it come out of the Yard or it wil stick to the Catheter A Bastard Ischuria is hence known There is neither extension nor Tumor nor weight about the Privities but rather a kind of emptiness thereabout there is no desire to piss no tickling in the bladder and no Urine made there went before the signs of the Stone in the Kidneys or Ureters or of Inflamation or great fulness or much drink was taken which was not plentifully pissed forth whence the Veins might be swoln or else there is a burning Feaver or a Dropsie which signifie the revulsion and turning away of the Water or serous Matter As to the Prognostick The stoppage of Urine is very dangerous and if it continue above seven daies it is deadly for the Serum being retained in the Veins doth oppress the Liver infect the blood and runs into the whol body it brings danger of choaking and being carried to the brain produceth a Coma or kind of Lethargy The stoppage of Urine which comes from the back being wounded or by a fall or straining of the Vertebrae or back-bone is incurable If the Patient stink of Piss at his mouth or nose it is deadly If a Tenasmus or Needing follow a suppression of Urine it is death in seven daies And also if the Hiccough follow upon it The Cure of the stoppage of Urine whether it be total or partial must be by aiming at the Causes And first that supprestion which is called spurious and depends upon the Diseases of the Reins or Ureters is to be found in the Cure of the Inflamation pain or stone of the Kidneys that which comes from the fulness of the Emulgent Veins is to be cured by large bleeding and Medicines that purge Water A true Ischuria is cured by things that take away the cause and first if it come from Inflamation of the bladder or parts adjoyning you may find Medicines for it in the Cure of the Inflamation of the bladder But if it come from a stone in the neck of the bladder you must use these Remedies following First you must lay the Patient upon his Back with his Thighs lifted up and then shake him soundly to make the stone return into the Bladder And if this wil not do it use the Catheter But if the stone be in the passage of the Yard and you must labor to get it out with your fingers gently stroaking it to the end of the Yard and you must put the Yard into warm Water or Milk or the Patient into a Bath to open the Passage But if you can neither get it out nor in Practitioners say that you
or Sweet-bread 365 Chap. 5. Of the Diseases of the Caul or Omentum 366 The Fourteenth Book of the Practice of Physick Of the Diseases of the Reins and Bladder The PREFACE CHap. 1. Of the Stone in the Kidneyes and Pain in the Reins called Dolor Nephriticus 367 Chap. 2. Of the Stone in the Bladder 378 Chap. 3. Of the Inflamation of the Reins and Bladder 382 Chap. 4. Of Pissing of Blood 385 Chap. 5. Of the Vlcer of the Reins and Bladder 387 Chap. 6. Of Diabetes or extraordinary Pissing 390 Chap. 7. Of Pissing the Bed of Involuntary Pissing or not containing of Vrine 392 Chap. 8. Of stoppage of the Vrine and Strangury 394 Chap. 9. Of Dysuria or Scalding of the Vrine 397 The Fifteenth Book of the Practice of Physick Of Womens Diseases The PREFACE CHap. 1. Of the Green-sickness called Chlorosis 400 Chap. 2. Of the stoppage of the Terms 403 Chap. 3. Of the Immoderate Flux of the Courses 409 Chap. 4. Of the Whites 413 Chap. 5. Madness from the Womb. 417 Chap. 6. Of the Mother-Fits or Womb-sickness 420 Chap. 7. Of Inflamation of the Womb. 431 Chap. 8. Of an Vlcer of the Womb 434 Chap. 9. Of a Scirrhus or a Painlesshard Swelling of the Womb 490 Chap. 10. Of a Cancer of the Womb. 492 Chap. 11. Of Mortification or Gangrenation and Sphacelation or Blasting of the Womb. 493 Chap. 12. Of the Wombs Wind-and-Water Swelling or Dropsie 494 Chap. 13. Of the falling down of the Womb 498 Chap. 14. Of the Womb shut up or Imperforated 501 Chap. 15. Of Barrenness 502 Chap. 16. Of Acute and Chronical Diseases of Women with Child 509 Chap. 17. Of Abortion or Miscarriage 512 Chap. 18. Of Hard Child-birth 517 Chap. 19. Of a dead Child 520 Chap. 20. Of the After-birth retained 521 Chap. 21. Of Immoderate flux of the Loches or Child-bed Purgations 523 Chap. 22. Of Suppression of Child-bed Purgations 524 Chap. 23. Of Gripings after Child-bearing 525 Chap. 24. Of Acute Diseases of Women in Child-bed 527 The Sixteenth Book of the Practice of Physick Of Diseases of the Joynts and Rheumatick Pain of the whol Body The PREFACE CHap. 1. Of Pain in the Joynts called Arthritis or the Gout 531 Chap. 2. Of the Hip-Gout or Sciatica 544 Chap. 3. Of Rheumatick Pains of the whol Body 547 The Seventeenth Book of the Practice of Physick Of FEAVERS The PREFACE SECT I. Of Simple Feavers The Preface CHap. 1. Of the Feaver Ephemera 553 Chap. 2. Of the Feaver Synochus Simplex 554 Chap. 3. Of an Hectick Feaver 555 SECT II. Of Putrid Feavers The Preface Chap. 1. Of Continual Putrid Feavers 560 Chap. 2. Of the Symptomes which accompany Putrid Feavers 575 Chap. 3 Of a Tertian Ague 580 Chap. 4 Of a Quotidian Feaver 585 Chap. 5 Of a Quartan Ague 586 Chap. 6 Of Compounded or Complicated Feavers and particularly of a Semi-Tertian 593 SECT III. Of Pestilential Feavers The Preface Chap. 1. Of a Pestilential Feaver 611 Chap. 2. Of the Measlles and smal Pox 637 THE FIRST BOOK OF THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICK Of the Diseases of the Head The PREFACE IN this our Treatise of Head-Diseases we speak first only of those which are in the substance of the Brain and the Films which contain it For although the Eyes Ears Tongue Teeth Gums Jaws and Pallat go to the making up of the Head yet we think it fit to speak of their Diseases in several Books for better Method sake And to call the Diseases of the Brain and its Meninges or Films by the name of Head-diseases most properly so from the excellency of the parts wherein they are These come from the hinderance of the Action of the Brain either in respect of Sence Motion or Nutrition The Sence is divided into Internal and External The Internal hath the chief actions as Imagination Reasoning Memory as also Sleep and Waking the Diseases of which are Frenzie Madness Melancholly Catoche Coma waking sleep and Coma long sleep Lethargie Carus Apoplexy The External Sences are five namely Sight Hearing Smelling Tast and Feeling But because the first four have their peculiar Organs or parts which have divers Diseases which we shall treat of in several Books We will in this Book lay down and declare those which belong to the sence of Feeling because they come immediately from the Brain and its Membranes or Films disturbed and are either termed Palsies which come from Sence destroyed or diminished or Headaches which comes from Sence depraved When the actions of the Brain are hindred in respect of motion there ariseth Convulsion Falling-sickness Palsey Apoplexy Giddiness or swimming of the Head called Vertigo and Trembling Finally When the acting or working of the Brain is hurt or hindred in its Nutrition or Nourishment the Disease is either in distemperature or disorder of the excrement of the Brain of which cometh a Catarrh defluxion or distillation We shall bring all these Diseases under their proper Heads and Chapters in that order which is most usual for the way of Cure Therefore we shall first declare the Cold Distemperature of the Brain and then all Diseases that come from thence because the ground of their Cure is in the Cure of that Afterwards we shall lay down the Diseases that come from a Hot Distemper and Hot Humors which will all more clearly appear in their several Chapters CHAP. 1. Of the Distemper of the Brain ALL Distempers are usually divided into Simple and Compound Material and Immaterial Simple or single Distempers are seldom seen as also immaterial distempers for they come from Primary Causes and either vanish of their own accord or with very smal Remedies or Medicines But Material Distempers produce all the Diseases of the Head therefore we will fall close to discourse of them which few Authors have done in handling them severally because in the laying down of the Diseases which are produced of those Distempers they are sufficiently explained We therefore will transfer the handling of the Hot distemper of the Brain and also the Moist and dry Distempers to the Chapters which contain those Diseases which are produced from them But because the greatest number of Diseases of the Head come from a Cold and Moist Distemper of the Brain we thought sit to discourse of that by it self in the beginning of this Treatise that the Cure of that may be as the Foundation of the Cure of all Diseases coming from thence and that the Medicines may be found in this Chapter which appertain to the Cure of their Cause Therfore we will avoid the vain repetition of those Diseases which is the Custom of almost all Writers of Practical Physick who by that means enlarge their Volumns and make the Art more difficult and tedious to yong beginners The Cold Distemper of the Brain which is Compound and Material or joyned with Matter is for the most part waterish and moist because the Brain is that Mother of Moisture or Flegm and Coldness long abiding draws moisture to
it is most certain that this Disease is also begot by adstriction and compression of the Optick Nerves which compression may come both or a moist humor gathered about the optick Nerves and pressing upon them as also of blood filth or matter Whence somtimes certain tumors rising in those parts produce the like Disease For Experience teacheth That somtimes blindness in one Eye somtimes in both comes upon inflamation of the Brain and from Phrenzy in malignant Feavers And Platerus reports lib. 1. Observation That he saw a blindness which came from a round tumor growing in the Brain and compressing the optick Nerves which appeared by opening of the Head after the Patient was deceased Finally Wounds in the Head in which the Optick Nerves are divided without controversie do cause that the Animal Spirits can no more come to the Eyes This Disease is known in that the Eyes seem to be in their natural condition and there is no fault apparent in them only the Pupilla seems blacker and larger But in distinguishing the differences of Causes there is great difficulty for although the Disease coming of blood or matter is known by inflamation aposthume or wound going before yet no certain sign can be given by which we can distinguish a compression made with flegm from an obstruction but we may in some part conjecture for in the obstruction only of the optick Nerve the Eye is only affected but if a compression be made of the same Nerve by flegm gathered about the roots of the Eyes and Mamillar Passages that matter possesseth other parts of the Brain and then all or some of the other Sences are hurt but if it seize only upon the Optick Nerves there is more plenty of humor sent forth at the Nostrils and the Patient perceives a heaviness in the fore part of the Head especially about the Eye-brows As to the Prognostick part If this Disease be absolute that is if there be a total loss of sight especially if it come from obstruction of the optick Nerves it is for the most part incurable as we see in Palseys also that they are scarce or never cured which come from the obstruction of the Nerves especially if the Patient be old But if the obstruction be imperfect which only causeth a diminution of sight but not blindness there is more hope of recovery although it cannot be brought about without much pains and long use of Medicines But if this Disease come of humors gathered in the fore part of the head which compress the Nerves it may be more easily cured So saith Fabricius Hildanus observ 19. cent 5. That a certain man after a strong vomit lost his sight and that he cured him with giving him the same Medicine again for as the humors being too much stirred by a violent vomit and cast upon the Optick Nerves compressing them did hinder the passage of the Spirits to the Eyes so the same humors being carried away by the same Medicine the disease became cured Almost the like story is mentioned by Sennertus of a certain Student who taking too strong a Purge became suddenly blind He also affirmeth That certain women after they had conceived with child became blind through the straightness of the optick Nerves and that this Disease went away after four or five months or in the time of their Delivery We also have seen some which fell suddenly into extream diminution of sight who within fifteen daies were cured by universal Evacuations and some revulsions and by the easiness of the Cure we supposed that the humor was not fastened within the substance of the nerve but only gathered together in the Brain about the original of those Nerves For the Cure of this Disease The matter fastened upon the Nerves or cleaving thereto and maketh the obstruction or adstriction is to be evacuated which cannot be done except first the whol body be clensed as Galen saith 4. meth The Eye is not to be cured before the whol Head nor the Head before the whol Body And that Remedies may be set down in a convenient Method we will first set down a Course of Diet which must be attenuating and moderately drying And first The Air must incline to hot and dry and a thick cold cloudy and moist Air must be altogether avoided Let him cat meats of good and laudable Juyce avoiding them which beget gross Juyce as Pork and all Swines flesh Geese Fish Pulse Cheese and the like as those which are windy and fill the head as Milk-meats and hot Spices viz. Pepper and Ginger c. Let his Bread be made with Fennel Water or with the Seeds thereof being careful that the Wheat of which it is made be not mixt with Darnel which all the Ancients beleeved to be very naught for the Sight hence in the Comedy he that derideth another for defect in his sight I think saith he thou hast sed upon Darnel In the sawce to his Meat and in his Broths let him use things extenuating as Hysop Fennel Marjoram Bettony Sage Eye-bright and especially Nutmeg which strengtheneth the Brain and clears the Sight He must eat Turneps often which are thought to quicken the Sight So do Sparrows Pidgeons often eaten Cold Herbs must be forborn and especially Lettice which hurts the Eyes Let him take but a smal quantity of Meat at a time and let the sick man never fill himself immoderately Let his Supper be less than his Dinner and to abstain from a Supper twice or thrice in a week is very good At his Meat instead of Salt let him use this Pouder following Take of common Salt two ounces Eyebright dried two drams Nutmeg one dram Cinnamon two scruples Mix them into a Pouder After every Meal let him take one spoonful of the Pouder following Take of Coriander seed prepared half an ounce Annis seeds and Fennel seeds of each two drams Cinnamon and Nutmeg of each one dram Eyebright dried three drams Sugar of Roses a double weight to all the rest Make a Pouder Wine in this Disease is not good because it is too full of vapors and fills the Head and is apt to cause defluxions therefore a Deoction of Sarsaparilla sweetened with Liquoris and aromatized with Coriander will be very profitable But because the Disease is of a long continuance and all cannot abstain so long from Wine if we must permit Wine let that be chosen that is weakest and less vaporing and it would be more beneficial if Eye-bright dried were first steeped therein and that he may make Eyebright Wine for a long time in the Vintage let him put Eyebright into a vessel filled with new Wine and let the Patient use that for his ordinary Drink Let his sleep be less and shorter than usual and let him he upon his back with his face upwards as much as may be Let him avoid sleeping at noon because it is very hurtful Let his Exercise be moderate and instead of exercise let him use frictions or rubbing
the Root and Membrane which inwardly covers their Cavity but also in their proper substance and saith That the Teeth and other parts of the Mouth do taste as also doth the tongue And in his Book of Bones cap. 5. he saith Of Bones only the teeth are partakers of the tender Nerves of the Brain and for that cause they alone do manifestly feel Therefore pain reacheth not only to the Nerves and inward Membrane but also to the substance of the teeth The Tooth-Ach comes from a Flux of Humors either Cold and Flegmy or Hot and Watery Salt and Sharp hence comes the Distention or Convulsion of the parts these Humors either flow to the Membranes of the Jaws and of the holes wherein the Teeth are or to the Nerve which is inserted in the root of the Teeth or to the substance of the Teeth Although some think that the Teeth cannot receive into their own substance afflux of humors and distention because they are most hard and thick yet this is taught by Avicen Fen. 1. Lib. 1. Doct. 1. Cap. 5. and Fen. 7. Lib. 4. Tract 1. Cap. 4. And somtimes saith he there is matter which doth imposthumate the Tooth it self Which Opinion he confirmeth and treateth of chiefly Fen. 1. Lib. 3. Tract 3. Cap. 1. in these words It is not as some Physitians think that the Brain it self wil not imposthumate reasoning thus That which is soft as the brain and hard as a bone is not extended and that will not imposthumate which cannot be extended But this is erronious because that which is soft if it be viscous or claminy may be extended and bones are imposthumated as Galen teacheth we wil shew in our Chapter of the Teeth Moreover we say that whatsoever is nourished is extended and encreased with the nourishment and it is likewise possible that it may be extended and augmented with its superfluity and that is an imposthume This Avicen teacheth from the Doctrine of Galen who Lib. 5. de comp med sec loc cap. 8. saith Because the Teeth cannot grow without nourishment they are only obnoxious to these two Diseases following namely of want and superfluity of nourishment by want of nourishment they grow dryer and thinner and by superfluity of it there will be an inflamation about the fleshy parts Thus Galen But it is probable that pain is more usual if it be vehement in those parts which have most exquisite sence namely the Nerve and the Membrane in the hole of the Tooth next to the root which doth not only suffer distention and vellication but also somtimes inflamation of the humors flowing down for it blood be mixed with other humors then the pain hath two causes namely Distention and Compression which comes from the hardness of the Tooth which the Membrane being inflamed cannot endure and this Inflamation of the Membrane is for the most part accompanied with the inflamation of the Gums which also is reckoned by Galen and Avicen among the causes of the Tooth-ach Now the Humors commonly flow from the Head upon the Teeth and parts adjoyning somtimes from the inferior parts for when any bad humors especially watery bred in any part are abounding in the Veins Nature desiring to cast off her burden sends them to the weakest parts And if the seeth by reason of the distemper foulness or erosion are such the flux will chiefly come thither Charls Piso propounds an Experiment of this who also thinks the Toothach con comes chiefly from a serous humor lib. de morb ab illuv ser obs 7. where he reports that himself being troubled with the Tooth-ach for many daies halr an hour after he had taken a purging Medicine vomited up above a pint of cleer water with such success that ten yeers after he was never troubled with it By which Experience he alwaies prescribed Medicines that purge water to them who were so troubled and with good success Moreover he striveth to prove that it comes from this cause by this sign Because they who have the Tooth-ach do continually spet Besides the Causes mentioned there are also Worms in rotten Teeth and they breed of any matter which is contained and putrified in the Cavities whether it be excrementitious or come of putrifying meats especially flesh and sweet meats which by reason of their clamminess stick to the Cavities of the Teeth Others think that the Tooth-ach comes sometimes from wind contained between the Cavity and the Nerve which doth violently stretch the inward Membrane whence comes such intollerable pain The principal external causes of Tooth-ach are all those things which cause defluxions the chief are Cold Air South winds staying in the Sun or night Air Surfet and all faults in Diet. Ad to these things that debilitate the part and make it more fit to receive a defluxion as rotteness and hollowness in the Teeth which sometimes make violent pains The diversity of Causes is k own by divers igns For pain when it comes from hot humors is stronger the constitution hotter the age yonger if Summer there is heat sensibly in the part and inflamation of the Gums often times it is better for the use of cold and worse for hot things But if it come from a cold humor the signs contrary to these will appear If worms are the cause of pain it will be intermitting coming and going often and somtimes the motion of the worm will be felt When it comes from Wind it is known by the excess of pain and sensible stretching and it ends in short time and is easily cured with discussing Medicines The Prognostick is divers according to the variety of the Causes for that pain which comes from a hot thin watery sharp and salt humor is more violent but sooner at an end by reason of the sudden change of the humor but that which comes from a cold and flegmy humor is less and lasteth longer A Tumor rising in the Gums or Jaws takes away the pain of the Teeth for the flux is carried to the external parts so that it no longer lieth in the internal Cavity of the Tooth The Cure must be directed for the taking away the Cause and mitigating the pain for although Anodines profit but little except the defluxion be stayed yet somtimes we are constrained not only to use them but also Narcoticks or Stupefactives before we take away the Cause therefore the humor flowing to the Teeth is to be revelled evacuated and repelled and that which is there is to be derived and discussed First therefore if the pain comes of hot humors open a vein in the Arm on the same side by which the humor flowing will be revelled But if it come of cold bleeding is not so good but in regard of the defluxion it may be used because it is the chief reveller But then you must take less blood except there be a Plethory in which regard although it be from fiegm you may bleed freely according to Galen who said that
Wine only Amatus Lusitanus Commends Exceedingly Sandarach boyled in Vinegar and Wine Thus. Take of Sandarak one ounce Wine and Vinegar of each half a Pint boyl them and let the strained liquor be held a long time in the mouth The Decoction of the Roots of the great Nettle with a little Nutmeg and Saffron made in equal parts of Wine and Vinegar and held warm in the Mouth doth wonderfully draw the Humors forth But at the first the pain wil seem to encrease but afterward it wil be mitigated and cease The Root of the sharp Dock gathered in the Spring before it groweth forth and dried applied to the Tooth pained doth appease the pain by a specifical propriety which is confirmed by the experiment of Forestus in Obs 6. lib. 4. where he saith That he applied this Root green and cut in smal pieces to the Tooth of a Maid with good success and that he Cured many other therewith after he had given them universal Medicines If the body be wel purged and the head be not very ful of flegm Masticatories to draw the Humors from the part affected wil do very wel which are made either of Pelitory of Spain a long time hâ—ld in the mouth and chewed or as followeth Take of Mastich Pelitory of Spain and Staphisagre of each one dram the seeds of Henbane half a dram Pouder them and mix them together and make little balls thereof in a thin linnen Rag which let him long chew to make him spet Commonly the Oyl of Cloves is used in a little lint to stop the Tooth if it be hollow or otherwise for so the humor adhering to the part is drawn forth and the part strengthened Oyl of Camphire is very profitable for the same purpose Or Dissolve eight grains of Camphire in one dram of the Oyl of Cloves and use it as above But above al the rest the Oyl of Box is extolled which being but once dropt into the Tooth presently staies the pain This Oyl is made of Box cut in smal pieces and then Distilled by descent in two Vessels the one put into the earth the other above upon which you must make a strong fire and so the Oyl wil fal into the lower vessel Besides the aforesaid Oyls the Chymists commend the Oyl of the Hazel Nut used in the same manner If the pain be so great that it wil not away with the aforesaid Medicines you must come to Narcoticks which are set down by Practitioners undâ—r divers forms although their effect is as uncertain as others but they do surely stupifie the Pain Among the rest Laudanum is chief which doth not only appease the pain but also stop the Flux and it may be given safely after universal Remedies to the quantity of three or four grains if it be wel prepared Many Topicks made of Narcoticks are carried about These Two following are the best Take of Opium Myrrh and Labdanum of each one dram Pouder them and with white Wine boyl them into a Liniment which put with lint into the Tooth The Other is the Emplaister of Riverius Chief Physitian to Henry the Great above mentioned If Worms be in the Teeth you must kil them with bitter things And this following is good for that Take of Aloes one dram Camphire half a scruple Aqua Vitae half a dram mix them and apply thereof with lint to the Tooth It is to be observed That the Teeth do seldom ake except they be hollow to the Nerve therefore to take away the sence of pain burn the Nerve with an actual Cautery or with Aqua Fortis or Oyl of Vitriol which often done to a very hollow Tooth it wil be broken in pieces and so drawn forrh If the Pain stil continueth and the Tooth be very hollow you must draw it out and then the pain wil presently cease and never return But you must take heed that you draw not the Tooth when the Defluxion falls violently or when the Head aketh or the Gums swel or when there is great pain And the Chirurgion is to be Admonished That he pul it not out violently at one pul lest the brain be too much shaken and the Jaw bone broken from whence comes a great Flux of blood a Feaver and somtimes death After it is Drawn close the part with your fingers then let the mouth be washed with warm Oxycrate and let him take heed of Cold Air lest a new Defluxion fal upon the other Teeth But if the blood flow so fast that it wil scarce be stanched which somtimes happeneth by the breach of the Vein and Artery without the breach of the Jaw And Varaiola reports of one that had his Tooth pulled out without iron or force but with the fingers and yet bled a pint at one time and as much the next day from the Artery under the Gum This Flux of blood is stopt by laying a hard peice of lint like a ball and holding it down for one hour or two with the fingers If that wil not prevail apply burnt Vitriol and lay a Ragg upon it dipt in Vinegar and compress it with your finger til you make an eschar The last Remedy is an actual Cautery by which the blood wil presently be stopped If any fearful people refuse burning and require other means you must try those which Authors prescribe As Paste made of the milk of Spurge and the pouder of Frankincense mixed with a little Starch the Root of Crowfoot the Bark of the Mulbery Root the pouder of Earth-worms Pellitory of Spain stâ—ept in Vinegar and the Root of Wild Cowcumber so steept and the like But the Leaf of Elleboraster rub'd upon the Tooth is best but you must not touch the other lest they also fal out A Country man troubled with the Tooth-ach was perswaded by another to rubb his Tooth with Elleboraster he unwittingly rubb'd al the Teeth on that side and presently almost al his Teeth fel out Therefore if any wil try this Medicine I advise them to defend the other Teeth with soft Wax Although when there is a Tumor in the Jaws the pain for the most part ceaseth because the matter is carried outwards Yet for the quick Dissolving of it use this Liniment Take of Fresh Butter and Hens Grease of each one ounce the Pouder of Flower-de-luce-Root one dram Saâ—â—ron half a scruple Oyl of Chamomel and sweet Almonds of each half an ounce make a Liniment A Cataplasm made of Figgs Bread and Vinegar is better A Nettle bruised and laid to the Jaw doth quickly asswage the pain This is the Cure of the Tooth-ach for the present But if it return often as is usual you must use prevention which is to hinder the breeding of those humors that flow thither and let the Teeth be strengthened that they may be less capable to receive them Therefore if it proceed from a hot cause you must use such Medicines as were prescribed in the Cure of a hot distemper of the Liver and
bladder of which you may give two three or four drops in Broth or in Juleps or in this following Syrup Take of Cinnamon Water four ounces the best Rose and Orange flower Water of each six ounces Mix them and dissolve therein as much Sugar candy as you can and make it into a Syrup without fire with a spoonful whereof mix four Drops of the aforesaid Cordial Liquor Of the Ingredients remaining from the former Liquor with as much of Damask Roses and four times as much Benjamin you may make Cakes to perfume the Chamber Apply both Liquid and Solid Epithems to the Heart and yong Pidgeons slit and sprinkled with Cordial Pouders Apply to the Stomach bags of Spices dipped in Wine Let the Stones and privy Members be fomented with Confection of Alkermes dissolved in Wine Let the Arteries of the Temples Hands and Feet be touched with Confectio Alkermes adding a little Cinnamon Water Apply this following to the Nose Take of the Leaves of Balm Bazil and Marjoram of each two drams Citron peels yellow Sanders and Cloves of each one dram Saffron half a scruple Amber-greese six grains Musk four grains tie them in a clout and dip them in Rose and Cinnamon Water and smell thereto often Or make a Balsom to anoint the Nostrils with the Chymical Oyls aforesaid of Nutmeg Cinnamon and Cloves with a little Wax The End of the Eighth Book THE NINTH BOOK OF THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICK Of the Diseases of the Stomach The PREFACE AS there are divers Actions of the Stomach so there are divers Hinderances of those Actions which Cause variety of Diseases For this part being ordained to Concoct meat and make the Chyle for the performance thereof first it is constrained to desire Meat and Drink by the Appetite which may be diminished abolished or depraved When it is abolished it is called Anorexia Apositia When 't is diminished it is called Inappetentia and Loathing But when it is depraved it is called Doggshungs or Pica or Malacia Too great desire of Drink is called Sitis Morbosa These Diseases mentioned do concern the attractive Faculty they which concern Concoction as it is diminished abollished or depraved are comprehended under the name only of Concoction hindered if the Retentive and Expulsive Faculty be hurt it consists in Vomiting and Hickocks There are divers kinds of Vomitings according to the divers Condition and nature of the Matter Vomited forth And because the Stomach is of exquisite sence of Feeling by reason of the famous Nerve it hath from the sixth Conjugation it is therefore as other sensible Parts subject to pains and it hath somtimes Tumors as other parts and Inflamations Imposthumes and Vlcers That therefore we may in this Book explain all the Ordinary Diseases of the Stomach we will Comprehend it in Eleven Chapters The First Of Inappetentia or Loathing or meat The Second Of Fames Canina or Dogs Appetite The Third Of Pica and Malacia or Green-sickness The Fourth Of Sitis Morbosa or diseased Thirst The Fifth Of Concoction hindered or hurt The Sixth Of Hickocks The Seventh Of Vomiting The Eighth Of Vomiting Blood The Ninth Of the Disease called Chollera The Tenth Of Pain in the Stomach The Eleventh Of its Inflamation Imposthume and Vcer Chap. 1. Of Want of Appetite or Loathing of Meat INappetentia and Loathing is either from the abolished or diminished Action of the stomach When it is Abolished it is called Anorexia Apositia but when it is Diminished it is called Dusorexia but by Custom Anorexia Apositia are used for both The Causes of this Disease are divers which that we may bring into Order let us consider the Natural Causes of Hunger or Appetite These are called by Galen lib. 1. de symp caus cap. 7. Symptomes and are Five The First whereof is emptiness of the parts The Second is the Natural Appetite of those parts so emptied The Third is the Sucking and Attraction of the Mesaraick Veins in the Stomach and Guts The Fourth is the sense of their sucking in the Stomach The Fifth is the Animal Appetite wch cometh from the Nerve in the mouth of the stomach which comes from the Brain and is endued with great sense and feeling As also the Melanchollick Humor which comes from the Spleen to the mouth of the stomach which with its sharpness gnaws the inmost Tunicle of the stomach and is like sawce to stir up Appetite which that it may be natural it is necessary that al those Causes be in Order for if there be any fault in either then there is a hurt or hinderance of Appetite Therefore the First Cause which is Emptiness of Parts if it be wanting there is no Attraction made by them from other parts and the stomach and so there is no Appetite now this Emptiness is wanting either when the parts are filled with plenty of crude juyces by reason of gluttony or drunkenness or for want of exercise or usual evacuations or when there is so much fat that it is sufficient to nourish the parts Also the great stoppage of the pores of the skin doth hinder the emptiness or the parts or great weakness of the natural heat so that it can disperse none or but little of the substance of the Parts or the calling of that heat to the concoction of the matter of a Disease wherby the nourishment of Parts is neglected as in Feavers The Second Cause is Natural Appetite and the Attraction of nourishment to the stomach and this is depraved when the Parts though empty wil not draw by the veins by reason they have lost their strength but languish and forget their duty As happeneth in acute malignant pestilential syntectick and hectick Feavers And in immoderate evacuations as in Flux of the Liver Womb Haemorrhoids Bleeding at the Nose Great Sweat much Lechery long Fasting and the like The Third Cause is The Attraction of the stomach by the Mesaraick Veins which useth to be depraved by stoppage of those veins by which means the empty Parts cannot attract their Chylus nor make the mouth of the stomach sensible so we may perceive in Children troubled with Struma to consume by a long Flux of Chyle by reason al the Mesentery is full of Glandles which stop its Veins and hinder the passage of the Chyle to the Liver by which means it is sent half concocted forth by siege and the Parts are deprived of their necessary nourishment The Fourth and Fifth Causes which are Sense of Sucking and Animal Appetite do require a good disposition in the Stomach brain and nerves Therefore whatsoever can alâ—er their dispositions may also destroy Appetite so every great distemper of the belly especially if it be hot and dry doth hinder Appetite Great heat by dispersing the moist substance of the stomach doth take away Appetite as also great Cold not only positive as when the bowels are so cold that they are stupified by Air Water Frost Snow and the like but also privative when
by reason of the superfluous Humor which is contained in the Veins being an Enemy to Nature yet it cannot be denied but it is greatly decayed by those grievous vomits and stools It is better therefore first to allay the violence of the Humors and after the symptomes are asswaged to open a Vein And because in this Disease the strength quickly fails by strong evacuations you must be very careful in the restoring of it by that way which is shewed in the Cure of weakness in the eighth Book and the third Chapter Chap. 10. Of Pain in the Stomach called Dolor Ventriculi IT is a sad and troublesom sence in that part from some things that gnaw and stretch it till it break or be wounded In the Stomach you must consider three parts which much differ one from the other namely it s upper Orifice and its lower called Pylorus and the rest of its Body which maketh up the whol Cavity The upper Orifice is of exquisite sence by reason of the great Nerve which it hath from the sixth Conjugation and therefore pain therein is very sharp and makes the Heart which is the most noble part and neer unto it sensible of the same from thence it is called Cardialgia and Cardiogmos for there is such a neer consent between the mouth of the Stomach and the Heart that the Ancients called it by the name of the Heart Cardia But if the Membranes of the Cavity or the Pylorus be pained it is called simply Dolor Ventriculi and somtimes Colica Ventriculi especially when it comes of wind The immediate Cause of this pain is solution of Continuity by things sharp and distending and they are chiefly Humors or Wind and somtimes Worms gnawing the Tunicles Sharp and malignant Humors as green Choller or black salt Flegm corrupt Matter sent into the Stomach from an Imposthume broken in the Liver or Breast and all other sharp Humors which may cause pain Also sharp vapors coming from those Humors use to cause this pain The Wind contained in the Cavity of the Stomach doth cause swelling and painful distension especially if it be restrained within its Tunicles which makes a very stubborn Disease and cannot easily be sent out The Diseases both of the Stomach it self and of the parts adjoyning use to breed this pain as any great distemper either hot or cold and especially an Inflamation and somtimes a Schirrus or other hard Tumor which maketh a heavy pain as also Wounds and Ulcers of the same part and swellings in parts adjoyning by wind or other waies cause this pain by compression of the Stomach Now these Humors and Winds which cause pain in the Stomach either come from the whol Body or some parts thereof From the whol Body in Feavers or when the Body is filled with evil Humors And from other parts especially the Liver Spleen and Brain from the Liver there comes Choller from the Spleen Melancholly and from the Head salt Flegm Also this pain may arise from other extraordinary Causes not usual as Schenkius observes from stones bred in the Stomach lib. 3. observat And Fabricius Hildanus observ 33. lib. 4 reports that a Woman had a piece of Rind or rusty Bacon two yeers in her Stomach wherewith she was continually pained and which after by taking a Vomit she threw up and was cured The external Causes of this Disease are either evil qualified or of sharp Nourishment which of themselves produce it or things apt to breed Wind or things taken in too great a quantity which putrifie and turn sharp or things that are too hot and breed much Choller As also strong sharp deadly Medicines either taken in too great a quantity or not sufficiently corrected and poyson The Diagnostick Signs are from the part affected and the cause And first when the pain is under the Cartilage Ensiformis or Xiphoides it shews that the upper Orifice of the Stomach is affected but that it is a true Cardialgia in the mouth of the Stomach you may know more certainly when there is a most sharp pain from the exquisite sence of the part with such trouble and disturbance that the Patient cannot stay in a place or in one posture but often swounds and fainteth by consent and sympathy of the Heart with the Stomach not only by neerness to it but also by reason of the dissipation of the Spirits by the pain Somtimes the Brain consents by Reason of the famous Nerve which is in the Stomach and the sharp vapors which are directly sent into the Head from thence from whence come Cephalalgia Hemicrania Vertigo and Epilepsie In other parts of the Stomach there are great pains but they have not so great Symptomes and therefore they are like the Chollick differing only in place The Causes also are known by their proper signs The most manifest are taken from the Excrements for Choller Flegm Wind or Worms are voided at the Mouth or Belly it is easie to conjecture that the Disease depends upon these Causes But if no Humor be discharged we may know when Choller Flegm or Wind abounds by their proper signs and the signs of Worms are to be taken out of their proper Chapter As also the proper diseases both of the Stomach and parts adjoyning which produce this Disease are known by their proper signs The knowledg of the Humor causing this pain is also taken from the time of its coming encrease and cessation Some are troubled most violently before meat and this shews that Choller is predominant which is stirred in time of emptiness and drawn to the Stomach and made more sharp Some are pained presently after meat because the raw biting Humors which before were quiet and fixed to the Tunicles of the Stomach are moved when Meat is taken or they which were in the bottom of the Stomach are raised up and disturb the mouth of the Stomach Others are pained in time of Concoction because sharp gnawing vapors arise from the Matter causing the Disease from the heat encreased in the Stomach in time of Concoction Others are pained four or five hours after meat because it is corrupted by evil concoction and so gnaweth the Stomach Some are worst after sleep and that comes from a Catarrh from the Head in the time of sleeping which being heaped up in the Stomach produceth pain afterwards Somtimes the pain is appeased after Meat because the sharpness of the Humors is qualified by the sweetness of the Meat As for the Prognostick it is most certain that Cardialgia is more dangerous than any other disease of the Stomach by reason of the exquisite sence of the Mouth of the Stomach and its great consent with principal parts The danger is more or less according to the malignity of the Cause and the vehemency of the symptomes A continual acute Feaver joyned with a great pain of the Stomach threateneth great danger as Hippocrates saith Aph. 65. Sect. 5. In Feavers if there be great heat about the Stomach and
Liver be cooled nor can the thin vaporous Excrements be evacuated The Matter that Causeth the Obstructions commonly is a gross Excrement viscous and clammy which being not able to pass freely sticks in the passage and is more and more thickned by the heat of the part so that the longer Obstructions continue the worse they are Somtimes plenty of Humors cause an Obstruction as Galen sheweth 10. meth cap. 2. in there words Of Obstructions some come of abundance of Humors and some from the Quality as when they are gross or clammy Blood letting is the best Remedy against those which come from plenty and the use of attenuating things is best against those that come of Quality This Obstruction which comes from plenty of Humors happens chiefly in the Vessels and their cavities when being too full they are so distended that they cannot contract themselve for the sending forth of the Matter contained As we may observe by the Bladder when it is stretched ouâ— by long retention of too much Urin that it cannot contract it self from whence there comes a stoppage of Urin or difficulty of voiding thereof Not only Humors but also somtimes many gross Vapors which cannot easily be discussed because the way is not open as in the Chollick may be the Cause of Obstruction as Galen teacheth 3. de loc aff which Causes are very rare and absolutely denyed of some The Humors which stoppeth with its thickness is chiefly Flegm which wil easily grow gross and clammy Melancholly is next which by its coldness thickness and drossiness may cause Obstructions Also Blood may do the same by its quantity and thickness And lastly Choller staying long in the Liver grows thick and breeds dangerous Obstructions The Antecedent and Princâ—pal Causes are al things that produce thick and clammy Humors and thick and cloudy Air Meats of gross Juyce viscous hard of Concoction and distribution astringent cold and not fit for to be eaten as Pears quinces Services Medlars Mushrooms Cheese Pulse Pease or Beans Beef and Pork slymy Fish and dryed in the smoak Bread not wel baked Rapes Chessnuts thick red and astringent Wine and muddy Ale Also an evil Disposition of the Liver especially a cold distemper which may also produce Obstructions from good Juyce as when it doth not wel Concoct but turns the meat into a salt tartarous and mucilagnous or slymy Matter Also the Distemper of the Stomach may be a Cause of Obstructions when it begets too crude a Chyle which cannot after be wel ordered by the Liver because the sault of the first Concoction is not amended by the second The Signs of this Disease are to be divided into divers sorts some signifie the kind of the Disease others the part affected and others the cause that produce it The Signs that shew the kind of the Disease are common to al natural parts that are subject to Obstructions for they shew only Obstructions lying in the lower Belly and these therefore wil serve for the knowledg of the Obstructions of the Spleen and Mesentery especially These Signs shew that there are Obstructions in the said parts The Excrements of the Belly being out of their natural condition especially when they are moist white chylous or bloody white Urine thin and watery and as it were strained because the thicker parts cannot pass through by reason of the Obstructions but only the pure water comes through unmixed and it may be yellow if there be heat Difficulty of Breathing especially when the Patient walketh fast or goes up a hill or pair of stairs because the parts obstructed do draw the Midriff down-wards and hinder its free motion the Face is pale there is leanness and dulness over the whol body the Pulse is unequal and lastly there is such a sense of weight in the Hypochondria as they who have been feeding very hard Therefore Hippocrates 4. de victus ratione in acut calls that heavines a fulness of the Hypochondria attributing that Disease to the Hypochondria which properly belongs to the Stomach for as often as the Spleen and Liver are filled with evil Humors and swel they are pressed and feel a heaviness after the least eating of the lightest meats as they who have over-gorged themselves This Sign doth so surely declare the Obstruction of the Hypochondria although there be neither pain nor apparent swelling that Prosper Martianus in his Comment upon the aforesaid Book of Hippocrates assirmeth That he hath concluded that the Bowels were obstructed before ever he handled the Hypochondria The stretching of the right Hypochondrion sheweth the part affected together with the other signs and somtimes pain that is heavy and dul which encreaseth after meat especially if exercise immediately follow somtimes a dry Cough difficulty of Breathing by reason of the neerness of the Diaphragma and a greater weight of that part than of any other The Signs of the Causes are if it come from Humors the pain is more heavy extending and fixed if from Wind it is sharper and more moveable if from cold Humors there is more sense of weight in the right side the Face is more pale there is no Feaver nor thirst there was a cold and thick diet without exercise that preceded if it comes from hot Humors there is less weight more thirst the Face is yellow by reason of Choller or red by reason of Blood there is a Feaver and a pricking pain somtimes and hot diet went before The Prognostick of this Disease is to be made thus A New Obstruction is easily taken away an Old hardly An Obstruction of the Liver except it be speedily and wholly taken away useth to bring many Evils namely Putrefaction of Humors Feavers Inflamations divers Fluxes of the Belly constant and vehement because the nourishment can pass to the parts the Chollick Jaundice Evil Habit of body Dropsie Scirrhus and other infinite Diseases so that Avicenna calls Obstructions the Mother of Diseases An Obstruction made by Humors is worse than that which comes of Wine That which comes of Crude and Flegmatick Humors or of Wind is somtimes cured by a Feaver because the Heat doth discuss the Flatus or Wind makes Flegm thin and more apt to flow The Cure of an Obstruction is to be begun with an universal Evacuation of the whol body by a Potion agreeable to the nature of the Disease Afterwards if there be signs of Plethory or sulness and if the body be not very thin you must draw blood out of the Liver Vein in the Right Arm. Then prescribe this Apozeme Take of Smallage Parsley and Fennel Roots infused a whol night in white Wine of each one ounce the Roots of the greater Celandine two ounces Fearn Roots Elicampane barks the Roots of Capars the inward bark of an Ash and Tamarisk of each half an ounce Wormix ood Agrimony Maiden-hair Germander the tops of Saint Johns-wort and the Lesser Centaury of each one handful Smallage Parsley annis and Fennel seeds of each half an onnce clean
do commonly bring about the desired effect except Hypochondriack Melancholly rise from thence which useth to be called the shame of Physitians by reason of the rebellious Nature of the Melanchollick Humor But because this part hath not exquisite sence and the Obstructions do not alwaies greatly disturb the Patient they are often neglected and become the causes of other most dangerous diseases The Cure of this Disease is the same with that of the Obstruction of the Liver and you must fetch it from the Chapter treating thereof Chap. 2. Of the Inflamation of the Mesentery WHen the Mesentery as I said is as it were the sink into which the Noble Parts do send their superfluous Excrements which afterwards are sent forth by Nature either by Vomit or Stool as you may see in some who send abundance of Humors forth at divers times by Vomit and Stool if those Evacuations be hindered by stoppage of the waies by which they are made or by any other cause those Humors which are there detained staying long in the part do get a preternatural heat from whence come putrefactions inflamations divers Feavers and imposthumes But an Inflamation is peculiarly made when blood heaped up in the Meseraick Veins by the opening of some branch is sent into the substance of the Mesentery but because by reason of Obstructions it is chiefly gathered in those Veins therefore all the causes of Obstructions may be referred to the Causes of Inflamation For the making of this Inflamation that sharpness and gnawing of the Humors gathered together do much conduce a fall or stroak upon the Belly the weakness of the attractive concoction or retentive faculty of the Liver too much heat of the body or inordinate use of cooling things the critical motion of Nature in malignant Diseases or smal Pox by which it sends the peccant Humors into this sink a Diarrhoea or Dysentery suddenly stopped The signs of the Inflamation of the Mesentery are a lingering Feaver without Thirst and great Symptomes want of Appetite a sence of stretching and heaviness beneath the Stomach without great hardness and which is not felt but by the hand pressing of it and without pain worth the speaking of because the part is of dull sence Chollerick stools which commonly hath thin matter without pain somtimes pure somtimes mixed with Excrements If the Mesentery be only inflamed all the aforesaid Symptomes are milder But if the Liver or Spleen or Guts are also inflamed all the Symptomes are stronger And besides the signs of the aforesaid parts affected will appear which are to be taken out of their proper Chapters And because the Inflamation and Imposthume of this part are very hard to be known if they be alone by reason of the dull sence of the part and because it performeth no action in the body whose hinderance may be perceived but only serveth for the distribution of the Chylus and the Blood therefore they are rather to be discovered by consequence than directly and according to artificial conjecture namely when there is a Feaver and other Symptomes and no sign of the Liver Spleen or Guts distempered A half Tertian Ague sheweth that the Guts are inflamed with the Mesentery which Spigelius observed to come commonly from the Inflamation of these parts Also this Difease is distinguished from the inflamation of the Muscles of the Belly because the Tumor and pain is enlarged according to their proportion and they are commonly long or over the whol belly and more in the outward parts so that they are perceived by the least touch and they use to bring great pain and a Feaver Lastly This Disease is to be distinguished from the Humors of the Midriff which have been as yet known to few Physitians for in them there is alwaies great difficulty of breathing removing of the Hypochondria a Pulse hard and smal without any sence of Tumor in the Hypochondria And if the Tumor come of a hot cause a sharp Feaver great pain doting and Convulsions do follow which Symptomes never happen when the Mesentery is only inflamed As for the Prognostick This Disease is very dangerous for it either ends in an imposthume or there follows a rottenness and corruption of the Mesentery Oftentimes the Matter of the Disease is sent by Nature another way and yet is not clean taken away whence the Disease returns and continues for many yeers somtimes till death now with a Feaver then a Chollick or Inflamation The Cure of the Inflamation of the Mesentery is not unlike to that of the Liver and Spleen and therefore you must peruse that Chap. 3. Of the Imposthume Vlcer and Scirrhus of the Mesentery THe Inflamation of the Mesentery often turneth into an Imposthume yet every Imposthume thereof is not from Inflamation but many times from vitious Humors therein contained which putrefie so that these Imposthumes come by degrees without a Feaver afore going or other great Symptomes as we see in other parts when Atheromata Steatomata and Melicerides and other kinds of Imposthumes are bred without Inflamation going before And when they are broken the Matter being voided there remains an Ulcer which is hard to be cured â—â—t if those Humorsare very flegmatick or Melanchollick and resist putrefaction they grow and somtimes are hardened and turn to a Scirrhus somtimes they are as hard as a stone as many affirm who have fouâ— stonâ—â— in the Mesentery The Knowledg of the Imposthume in the Mesentery is somtimes easie somtimes hard for if it comes from an Inflamation of that part that being perceived by the â—igns in the former Chapter it is a sign that the Inflamation could not be discussed but suppurated and turned into an Imposthume But when an Imposthume comes from evil Humors remaining long in the Mesentery and at length putrefying it is hard to know it so that many Authors who have written Observations upon such kind of Imposthumes say that they never were known but after death when the Bodies were opened For although for the most part they may be known by the touch yet somtimes they lie so deep that they cannot be touched and the part being dull in sence that they will not be discovered by pain But because they come divers waies they must be thus distinguished If the Imposthume of the Mesentery hath a visible Tumor it is first to be diâ—cerned from an Inflamation and a Scirrhus It is distinguished from an inflamation if it come not from it when there is no Feaver or at least but smal when none went before nor any other signs that may sâ—ew an Inflamation but if it follow an Inflamation it can no other waies be distinguished than by hardness continuance for if the signs of Inflamation have continued twenty or thirty daies it is a sign that it is turned into an Imposthume It is distinguished from a Scirrhus by hardness which is great in a Scirrhus but in an Imposthume there is some kind of softness as also by the want
or from a great destruction of al the Faculties which followeth the extinction of the Natural hear In Children it is cured when they grow elder and the superfluous humidity is by degrees consumed and the parts that were loose are more knit But if they be not cured before twenty five yeers of age they are incurable The Cure is wrought by amending the cold and moist distemper and loosness of the Sphincter Muscle but that which comes by sympathy from other diseases must be cured by the removing of them as also that which comes from Wounds Ulcers and other manifest Diseaseâ— depends upon the Cure of them Therefore we shall lay down a way of Cure proper both for Children and men provided that the Physitian be skilful in the choyce of his Medicines to give the gentlest to Children and that he encrease and diminish the quantity according to the Patients age First Here is little use of Phlebotomy because it comes from a cold distemper and flegm except there be a general Plethory in the whol Body being youthful But Purging is alwaies necessary in this Disease made of things that purge flegm mixed with some astringents that are not only Alterers but Purgers as Rhubarb and Myrobalans and the like After to dry up the Matter that is slegmatick and to knit the part you may use Pouders Opiates and Physick Wines and the like made thus Take of Cypress Nuts and Myrtles dried at the fire shavings of Ivory Coriander seeds prepared red Coral and Amber of each two drams Spodium or burnt Ivory one dram Cypress Roots and Galangal of each half a dram With the Syrup of Citrons make an Opiate of which let him take the quantity of a Chesnut morning and evening Drink after it a little red Wine Or you may give the aforesaid Pouder from half a dram to a dram with red Wine twice in a day long after and before meat Take of Comfry Roots half an ounce Cypress Roots and Galangal of each one dram Plantane Hors-tail and Five-leaved Grass with the Roots of each one handful Cypress Nuts Acron Cups of each four scruples Rue seed Agnus Castus Frankinsence and Ivory shavings of each half a scruple red Roses one pugil red Wine four pints Infuse them twenty four hours strain them through an Hippocras Bag adding of Cinnamon half an ounce Sugar as much as is sufficient to make a Claret of which let him take three or four ounces twice in a day Many proper things are propounded by Authors which do conduce to the Cure of this Disease Galen in his Book of Local Medicines and of things easie to be prepared commends the Brain and Stones of a Hair burnt Also a Snail burnt with its shell given to Drink The Modern Physitians give Hares dung pouder of burnt Mice the Hoofs of Hogs burnt the ashes of Date stones roasted Hazel Nuts pouder of Egg shels But above all are commended the Pouder of Agrimony and the inward Skins of Hens Gizzards dried given either by themselves or mixed together with red Wine Solenander witnesseth that he saw happy success in a Medicine invented by one Gilbert Holland a Roman Physitian He took the Throat of a Cock and dried it at the fire til it would pouder He gave it before supper in red Wine or with Oxycrate for some daies together In people of yeers sweating Decoctions used twenty daies together are good to dry the Body made of Guajacum and Sassaphras or Stuphs Hot-houses Brimstone Baths and those of Niter For his Drink let him take sharp red Wine without mixture or with a little Ironed Water They who can drink only Water may take Ironed Water or that in which Coriander seed or a little Mastich hath been boyled Or lastly for the better astringing let them take Water in which new Tiles have been quenched and boyl their meat with the same But they must drink but little especially at Supper And let the Patient make water when he goes to bed and be raised again at midnight and in the morning for the same purpose and this wil alter custom Outwardly to the Privities apply warm strengthening and drying things thus made Take of Elicampane Roots Calamus Aromaticus Acorus and Cypress Roots of each half an ounce Mints Sage Organ Calamints and Wormwood of each half a handful Cypress Nuts Myrtles Galls and Pomegranate flowers of each one dram red Roses one pugil boyl them in equal parts of Smiths Water and red Wine to two pints In the straining dissolve of Salt and Allum of each one ounce Foment the Privities and Perinaeum warm morning and evening Or you may make a Bath of the same things in larger quantities After the Fomentation anoint the same parts with an Oyntment of Oyl of Foxes Rue Flowerdeluce Unguentum Martiatum Aregon with Pouder of Mastich Cypress and Myrtles Or you may use Storax Liquid or Indian Balsom dissolved with a little Wine or for rich folks Musk and Civet dissolved in Muskadel Or apply this Plaister to the parts aforesaid Take of Labdanum Mastich of each two drams Wood of Aloes Styrax Calamita Cinnamon Turpentine of each one dram Myrtles and Cypress Roots of each half a dram Juyce of Mints and Hors-tail drawn with red Wine as much as will make a Plaister Lastly If there be a defluxion from the head which causeth the weakness you must divert by Errhines Masticatories and Causticks to the Neck or Arm and other Remedies mentioned in the Cure of the Catarrh Chap. 8. Of stoppage of the Vrine and Strangury THe stoppage of Urine is called by Authors Ischouria but when little is voided it is called Strangouria although this word be larger and comprehends all dropping of Urine but if it be without pain and the Urine come by drops with straining it is a smal sschuria but if it be with pain it must be referred to Dysuria or scalding of Urine Therefore Ischuria or a whol suppression of Urine is two-fold namely true when the bladder is full or Spurious when the Bladder is empty and not thing comes to it from the Reins A true Ischuria comes of three Causes The first is when the sence is lost in the Bladder by reason of the Palsey and obstruction of the Nerve that comes to it or by the eversion of the Spirits by whose defect it comes so that the Bladder feeleth no pricking to expel as in doting and sleepy diseases The second cause is a distemper of the Bladder coming from internal or external cold causes which dull the sence of the Bladder and weaken its expulsion The third Cause is the narrowness of the Neck of the Bladder which will not suffer the Urine to pass Galen gives three causes of this 1. de loc affect cap. 1. either the Muscle is swollen by an Inflamation Scirrhus or Imposthume or the like or there is a little flesh grown in the passage by reason of a former Ulcer or there is a hardness from some thick Humor of long continuance
known when the motion thereof ceaseth which either the Mother did feel or the Midwife perceive by hâ—r hand laid on or other warm and strengthening things which were wont to awaken and rouse up the powers thereof when they were in a slumber or stupified Also the Mothers find a greater sense of weight with which and pain of the Belly they are troubled when they turn from one side to another they perceive the Child to roul from one side to another like a Stone The lower part of their Belly feels very cold the native heat being extinguished and those spirits dissipated which were formerly in the Child their Eyes become hollow and troubled their face and Lips are pale their extream parts appear cold and of a Leaden-colour their Duggs become slap and flaggy and at length when the Child rots stinking moistures flow from the Womb like water and blood their belly is blown up with vapours asending thereunto a filthy smell and a stinking Breath comes both out of the Mouthes of such women and from their whol bodies If the After-Birth be excluded before the Child it is a certain token that the Child is dead in the Womb. As to the Prognostick A Child dead in the Womb is a very exceeding dangerous thing and if it be not timely voided forth it is wont to cause Feavers Faintings Dead-sleeps Convulsions and death it self Yet somtimes a Child dead in the Womb may be kept a long time as appears by many stories related by divers Authors which Schenkius hath collected in great number as rare Cases and Sennertus hath transcribed out of him touching many Women which have voided the Bones of Children dead and putrefied in the womb by their Water-gate their Dung-gate and by a Swelling that broke in their Belly I have seen one Woman which voided all the bones of her child by her Navel and her Navel growing afterwards whol again she recovered her perfect health The Cute consists wholly in the Exclusion or Extraction of the Child for seeing great danger of life at ends the Mother so long as the dead Child is in her Womb as soon as ever by the foregoing signs we certainly collect the Child is dead we must make hast to force it out Which is done by the same Remedies which were formerly propounded to hasten the Birth But among them we must chuse out the most strong and effectual whereunto some other things may be added which are yet stronger after this manner Take Leaves of Savin dried round Birth-wort Roots Troches of Mirrh and Castoreum of each one dram Cinnamon half a dram Saffron a scruple Mix all into a Pouder The Dose is a dram in Savin Water Or Take Dictamnus Creticus Savin Borax of each a dram Mirrh Asarum Roots Cinnamon Saffron of each half a dram Mix and make all into a Pouder The Dose is a dram in the foresaid or such like Liquor In the mean time let the Fomentations aforesaid be applied to the Privities the Share and space between the Water and the Dung-Gate adding Briony Roots Roots of wild Cucumer Florentine Orice round Birthwort called Aristolochia rotunda and Broom-flowers After Fomentation anoint the said Parts with Vnguentum de Arthanita or with this following Take Aristolochia rotunda or round Birthwort Coloquintida and Agarick of each one dram Gum Ammoniack dissolved in Wine and Bulls Gall of each two drams With Oleum Cherinum as much as shall suffice Make all into an Oyntment Also let this Pessary be put up into the Womb Take Aristolochia rotunda Orice Root Black Hellebore Coloquintida Mirrh of each one dram Galbanum Opopanax of each half a dram With Ox Gall make all into a Pessary Or this Take Ammoniacum Opopanax Castorium Sagapenum black Hellebore wild Vine round Birthwort Pulp of Coloquintida Scammony of each one scruple Euphorbium one dram With Juyce of Rue Bindweed wild Cucumer and an Oxes Gaul make all into a Pessary Zacutus Lusitanus in Obs â—54 of the Second Book of his strange and Admirable Cures doth testisie that a dead Child in the ninth months growth producing many Symptomes in the Mother was driven out by this Pessary and by help of an Oyly Bath wherein was mixed the Decoction of such Herbs as do open and widen the Passages of the Body A Fumigation of Galbanum or an Asses Hoof may be received by a Funnel into the Womb. If the Matter hang long it will be good the woman being sufficiently strong to give her a purging Medicine whereby evil Humors which in this case are easily collected may be evacuated and the dead Child comequently cast forth Angelus Sala in his Book which he calls Triumphus Emeticorum that is the Triumph of Vomits doth witness That in this case he had often with happy success given four or five grains of Mercurius vitae which doth most powerfully expel the dead Child and excel all other Medicines in that point Which notwithstanding in regard of its vehement working requires great Caution and Discretion in the Physitian that would use it If after Medicines long tried the dead Child cannot be ejected we must implore the Chyrurgions aid Who may pull it out either by Instruments as Paulus Aegineta describes the manner or only help of the hand as is taught by Carolus Stephanus Bauthine and others all which are diligently transcribed by Schenkius and Sennertus Chap. 20. Of the After-birth retained IN a Natural Birth commonly the Secundine is excluded presently after the Child yet somtimes it is retained in the Womb by which means the Mother is in great Danger of her life The internal Causes of this retention are the over thickness of those coats and their too great compactness by which means they cling more fast to the sides of the Womb their being swelled through conâ—luence of humors which is stirred up in a laborious Travel weakness of the Mother caused by hard Labor so that she wants strength to exclude the After-Birth and the shutting up of the Mouth of the womb after the Child is come away But the external causes are the Cold Air by force whereof the Secundine is repelled and the Wombs mouth stopped Certain smells by which the Womb may be enticed upwards or agitated some greivous passion of mind as fear or suddain terror or frowardness of the Childing woman which will not abide in such a posture nor use such endeavours as are necessary to this work the over great weight of the Infant by which the Navil-string is broak unawards and the secundine is left within and the Error of an unexperienced Midwife which cuts the Navil-strings too soon or holds them not fast in her leâ—t Hand as she ought to do for if she let them go they are drawn back into the Womb and there lie hid with the After-Birth which they ought to have holpen to pull out The Tokens of a Secundine retained are needless its apparant of it self yet somtimes a bit thereof is severed from the whol and
an Apple so called Pubes the hairy Hillock above the privities in men and women The word signifies ripeness because that hair being grown out testifies the parties to be fit to engender Paerineum the space which runs like a ridge between the privities and fundament in men and women Praeposterous unnaturall undue unfitting Perturbation of the Eyes a troubled drousie frighted look of the Eyes Procatarctick Causes primarie first working and occasional Causes So in a Feaver the next immediate Cause is putrefied choller c. but the first working occasional causes were the patients taking cold by swimming in the cold-water whereby the pores became shut and the Matter of the Disease was retained in the Body So the Procatarctick Cause of worms in Children is their greedy eating of Fruit but the immediate Cause is putrid humors occasioned by those Fruits out of which humors the worms breed Precipitated thrown head-long forcibly cast down Palliative Cure is when a Disease is not taken away but only mitigated and made more mild so that the patient may have as much ease as possible Or if the Disease deform the Body a palliative Cure does hide as much as may be that deformity So an Eye being thurst out cannot be properly cured but it may admit of a palliative cure in asswaging the pain and other Symptoms and by putting into the place thereof a Glass or other Artificial Eye Potent powerful Perspirable the Body is said to be Perspirable when the invisible Pores or holes in the skin are kept open so that the vapors arising from evil Humors may freely breath out See Transpiration Pernicious deadly causing death destruction Protraction is a lengthening out of a Disease and making the same to last long Pharmaceutick Remedies whatsoever kind of Medicines are made by the Apothecary Praeposterous disorderly undue unfit the Cart before the Horse Quittor See Matter R Repletion over much fulness of blood or Humors Resolution weakening or dissolving the strength of a part as when it is palsyed c. Revulsion drawing back of blood or Humors from the part affected Repelling Medicines which draw back the humor from the part affected Repellers the same Relaxing Slacking as the string of a bow when the bow is unbent is said to be relaxed or slackned To Revel to draw back Humors from the part diseased Remitted lessened abated Restriction exception limitation Ruption breaking or tearing asunder Reliques remainders of an Humor after Solemn purging bleeding c. Retraction drawing back Radical moisture the fundamental juice of the Fundamental juice of the body which nourishes and preserves the natural heat as the oile in a lampe preserves and feeds the flame Revelled drawen back Revulsives remedies to draw back the Humor from the Diseased part Repelled driven away Retentive faculty the power in our body and its parts to hold fast its nutriment and what ever is agreeable thereunto Rough Arterie or Aspera Arteria is the wind-pipe or Wesand which is rough on the out side with circles and gristly rings Reduced brought bach againe Refractions breaking of the Representations of visible objects a terme used by the writers of Opticks or the Art of seeing Recruted repaired restored made up a military Resolving medicaments are such as loosen and scatter evil humors which are gathered and combined together in some diseased part of the Body Reâ—ercussives medicines which drive back the Humors from a diseased part Relaxation loosenes Refrigerating cooling Resp ration breathing Reflux flowing back again Recipient part is that part which receives the Humor offending S Suppository that which is put into the Fundament to cause solubleness Sudoâ— osick that is causing sweat Subeth a deep sleep Scarefication is a cutting of the Skin that it may bleed into a Cupping-glass Superficies the outside of any thing Stuphes Stoves or Hot-Houses to sweat in Spiritus acousticos is that portion of the spirit which in the Eares discerneth sounds Strangulation choaking Sternon the breast bone See Veslingus Anatomie in English Sphinchter is the Musle of the Arse Stupor dulness Spasmus cramp or Convulsion A Scruple is twenty graines or the weight of so many barley cornes Sternutatories medicines to snuf into the nose to provoke sneezing Stupefying taking away the sence of feeling benumming Stupid that is benummed besotted hath no feelling or sense blockish Symptomes evil dispositions of the Body which depend upon and accompany a disease as Heat thâ—â—st Headach want of sleep stomach-sickness faintings swoonings c. Sympathy fellow-feeling a disease is said to come by sympathy when the principal cause is in some other part with which the part offended hath a fellow-feeling So paines of the Head caused by evil Humors in the stomach are said to come by sympathy And sickness of stomach caused by stone in the kidneys is a disease of the stomach by sympathy Nerves Sinnewes certaine strings carrying the facultie of Motion and sence from the Braine into all parts of the Body see Veslingus Anatomie in English Scorbut the Scurvie Steeled in which steel hath bin quenched or infused Scorbutick persons that are troubled with the scurvy Spinal of or belonging to the Back-bone Serous matter wheyish like whey Sutures seams of the Head where the parts of the skull are joined together Species of the Objects representations of things seen For the visible things themselves do not enter into the eyes but certain images and figures of them Scituation place or posture Species retained in the Mind the shapes and patterns of things seen or heard c. State of the disease is when it is at the highest and does neither encrease nor decrease Saphena A vein of the foot which is usually opened in woemen see Veslingus Anatomie in English Sal-prunellae salf-peter purified with Brimstone Clean white salt Peter is as good for use only the Chymists love to mend Magnificat and many times take great pains to little purpose Sphacelus deadnes of any part when the flesh and bone are dead sphacelation signifies the same Superfluous over much unnecessary c. Speculum Oris an Instrument wherewith the Mouth and throat is kept open that the parts diseased may be seen and dealt with Scirrhus an hard swelling without paâ—â— Suppurated an Impostume is said to be suppurated when it gathers matter enclines to break Suppuration a collection of matter in an impostume Suppression stoppage Solution of continuâ—â—ie a dividing of such parts as were naturally united so every wound and Sore is called a solution of continuity c. Stupes cow or Cotton-wooll Sealed Earth Terra Sigillata it is a kind of Medicinal Earth brought out of the straights sealed in little flatt cakes to avoid Imposture the Seal is wont to be the great Turks badg viz. the half moon Sparadrap a cerecloath Sediment the settlings and dregs of Urine or any other liquor Suppression stoppage Sincere excrements are such as are pure and unmixed as choller alone c. Sudoroficks medicines causing Sweat Suffocating choaking
of three fingers and when Galen understood that he fel from his Chariot upon his back he concluded that some part was hurt in the original of that nerve which comes from the seventh Vertebrae or Spondil therefore after he had in vain applied Medicines to the fingers he used means to the back and so wrought a brave Cure The Diagnosis or knowledg of the Causes of this Disease if fetcht from the primary Causes the Diseases afore going and the temperament and constitution of the sick party And therefore when external cold Causes and moist went before when the patient is old when he is flegmatick of Constitution the weather cold diet cold and moist and an Apoplexy hath formerly been it signifies that a disease is approaching from a Cold Distemper and Flegmatick Humor But when a Palsey is caused of a Chollerick Humor or Melancholly these signs declare Feavers did go before or are present a Chollerick temper and Constitution or else a Melancholly one the coming of the disease in hot weather Summer or Autumn the use of Spices Salt and other hot Meats heavy and long passions of Mind avoiding of chollerick or melanchollick humors sharp and sowr many sharp defluxions falling upon divers parts and putting them to pain and lastly when pain and a convulsion accompany the diminishing of Sence and Motion and the patient is the worse when he takes hot and dry things but the better by the use of cold and moist When Tumors Luxations or Dislocations or Wounds cause a Palsey they are evident of themselves As for the Prognostick part in the Treaty of this Disease you may foretel events as followeth 1 A Palsey coming of flegm fixed to the substance of the nerves is hardly cured because it wil not be easie to discuss or divide the Flegm from the nerves by reason of their coldness and their weakness in expulsion or sending forth of that which offendeth which must co-operate or work together with the Medicine and in regard of the deep scituation of the Spina and Nerves so as the whol force of the Medicine cannot reach them and because the Patient must of necessity continue long in the use of Medicines which for the most part people cannot endure and therefore wil not be cured 2 A Palsey coming after an Apoplexy is seldom cured and often returns into an Apoplexy by a new flowing of the same matter into the Brain which is made weak by the former disease 3 A trembling coming upon or after a Palsey is healthful for it signifieth that the passages of the nerves are somwhat open by which some of the Animal Spirit beginneth to pass for to move the Muscles 4 If the part affected hath an actual heat in it there is hope of health but if it be alwaies actually cold it is difficult to be cured 5 An Atrophy or want of Nourishment in the Paralytick part with great paleness takes away al hope of cure for it doth not only signifie a decay of the animal Spirit but a neer extinction of the shews natural heat 6 If the Eye on that side which the Palsey happeneth be hurt thereby there is little hope for it a great want of Spirits in that part 7 A Palsey in the Legs and Feet is easier cured than in the upper parts because those Nerves are harder and stronger 8 In old men the Palsey is incurable by reason of their want of natural heat 9 In Winter a Palsey cannot be cured but in the Spring and Summer it may if other things agree 10 A strong Feaver coming upon a Palsey is good for it may consume the matter which causeth it 11 A Diarrhoea or loosness coming upon a new and weak Palsey is good for Rhasis saith 1. Cont. that he hath seen many Paralyticks cured by a Diarrhoea The Cure of this Disease is to be altered according to the variety of the Causes And since for the most part it cometh of flegm and a cold distemper we must labor chiefly to take away that cause which we must begin to do by a general clensing and emptying of the whol Body As for bleeding it can scarce do any good because the fault is not in the Blood but Flegm and this disease comes for the most part to old men such as are flegmatick and cold by nature But if plenty of crude blood unconcocted seems to produce flegm and to feed it we may open a vein in his Arm on the sound side of his Body but take but little blood least his weak natural heat should be extinguished After we have omitted blood-letting or taken a very little away we must go on to take away the antecedent Cause which is a cold distemper of the Brain which must be done as before was shewed by Apozemes or opening drinks by Pills sweating Diet Bags for the head Emplaisters Errhines for the nose neezings Masticatories Gargarisms that draw flegm Vesicatories or Blisters or Cupping head pouders Caps Fumes Magistral Syrups ordinary Pills a strengthening Opiate or Electuary by Caustick or burning by digestive Pouder and Baths A Diet Drink in this disease ought to be made of Guajacum alone and his Bark and after he hath taken a draught he must have hot bricks applied to the diseased parts but first they must be quenched in a Decoction of this good for the head made with white Wine and Vinegar and be wrapped in a linnen cloth for the stirring up of the weak heat which is in the parts and every fourth or fifth day you must purge but it is better to give a purging drink fifâ—een daies before you give the sweating that al the load of crude humors may be better cast out and afterwards the reliques and remainder may be discussed by the habit of the Body Which may be thus made Take of the chips of Guajacum three ounces of the bark of the same one ounce of spring Water four pints Infuse them twenty four hours then let them boyl to the consumption of half adding in the conclusion one ounce of Senna Turbith and Hermodacts of each two drams Let him take half a pint of this strained every morning for fifteen daies not sweating Apply a Caustick to the hinder part of the Head or to the sound Arm if the other be affected If the Legs be affected apply a Caustick to them both After his Diet let him use for his ordinary Drink a Decoction of Guajacum or Water and Honey wherein hath a little Rosemary been boyled Let him abstain from Wine which is very hurtful in this Disease but if he desire to drink Wine let Bettony and Sage be boyled therein And it is far better if in the Vintage time those Herbs are put into a full Vessel of new Wine If the Disease be perverse and stubborn omitting the usual Pills and Magistral Syrup after his Diet use stronger Medicines made thus Take of Pill Foetida the greatest and Pill Cochie the less each half a dram of Troches of Alhandal four