but_o three_o the_o three_o that_o apprehension_n be_v not_o from_o his_o flesh_n but_o from_o his_o membrane_n now_o membrane_n be_v also_o instrument_n of_o sense_n and_o whereas_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o sensible_a subject_n or_o object_n be_v place_v immediate_o upon_o the_o instrument_n of_o sense_n be_v not_o sensible_a that_o i_o say_v be_v utter_o false_a for_o four_o the_o four_o by_o that_o reason_n there_o shall_v be_v no_o organ_n of_o touch_v save_o only_a a_o bone_n a_o gristle_n or_o a_o vinculum_fw-la or_o tie_v that_o axiom_n of_o aristotle_n stand_v need_v to_o be_v interpret_v of_o the_o sense_n some_o be_v absolute_o axiom_n a_o interpretation_n of_o a_o axiom_n and_o simple_o necessary_a to_o our_o life_n as_o touch_v and_o taste_v some_o be_v add_v be_v esle_o that_o be_v for_o the_o better_a be_v of_o the_o creature_n but_o not_o simple_o necessary_a to_o his_o be_v as_o sight_n hear_v and_o smell_v the_o medium_fw-la or_o mean_a of_o these_o last_o be_v 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when_o it_o feel_v they_o not_o that_o it_o feel_v avicen_n answer_v to_o avicen_n they_o not_o at_o all_o for_o that_o common_a experience_n will_v condemn_v last_o you_o will_v say_v that_o the_o skin_n feel_v by_o the_o help_n of_o nerve_n the_o nerve_n therefore_o be_v the_o instrument_n of_o feel_v not_o the_o skin_n i_o answer_v the_o flesh_n of_o the_o muscle_n be_v move_v by_o the_o nerve_n yet_o be_v not_o the_o nerve_n the_o immediate_a organ_n of_o voluntary_a motion_n but_o the_o muscle_n in_o like_a manner_n body_n another_o argument_n answer_v answer_v to_o galens_n authority_n i_o eculiar_a touch_n in_o man_n body_n the_o nerve_n give_v sense_n unto_o the_o skin_n because_o it_o bring_v down_o unto_o it_o the_o animal_n faculty_n and_o spirit_n yet_o nathe-more_a be_v it_o the_o immediate_a instrument_n of_o sense_n but_o galen_n say_v that_o the_o stomach_n be_v the_o organ_n of_o touch_v because_o his_o sense_n be_v most_o exquisite_a sure_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n be_v wondrous_a sensible_a because_o of_o the_o notable_a nerve_n it_o receive_v from_o the_o sixth_o conjugation_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o hunger_n and_o thirst_n of_o which_o it_o only_o be_v apprehensive_a we_o acknowledge_v it_o the_o instrument_n or_o organ_n of_o a_o peculiar_a and_o particular_a touch_n as_o also_o the_o part_n of_o generation_n have_v their_o peculiar_a touch_n whereof_o they_o be_v instruement_n but_o only_o the_o skin_n be_v the_o organ_n of_o external_a touch_v and_o sole_a judge_n of_o all_o tactile_a quality_n of_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o skin_n qvest._n ii_o galen_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o skin_n be_v absolute_o temperate_a because_o it_o be_v of_o a_o middle_a nature_n between_o bloody_a and_o unbloudy_a whence_o it_o be_v call_v a_o nervous_a temperate_a that_o the_o skin_n be_v temperate_a flesh_n and_o a_o fleshy_a nerve_n so_o in_o anotherplace_n if_o the_o flesh_n be_v adstringed_a and_o dry_v it_o become_v like_o the_o skin_n for_o the_o skin_n be_v dry_a and_o thight_a than_o the_o flesh_n hypocrates_n also_o express_v so_o much_o where_o he_o say_v the_o outward_a skin_n which_o be_v continual_a with_o itself_o and_o with_o the_o bloody_a nerve_n because_o it_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n not_o hippocrater_fw-la that_o it_o be_v not_o sometime_o cold_o sometime_o warm_a be_v often_o affect_v by_o both_o and_o needs_o now_o and_o then_o the_o help_n of_o the_o one_o to_o temper_v the_o other_o on_o the_o contrary_a it_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o galen_n and_o avicen_n that_o it_o be_v not_o temperate_a galen_n say_v that_o the_o skin_n be_v nourish_v with_o phlegmatic_a blood_n it_o be_v therefore_o of_o the_o temper_n of_o phlegm_n for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o any_o part_n galen_n galen_n be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o whereof_o it_o be_v compound_v avicen_n say_v that_o the_o flesh_n come_v near_a to_o exact_v equality_n of_o temper_n then_o any_o other_o part_n the_o flesh_n therefore_o and_o not_o the_o skin_n be_v temperate_a moreover_o that_o can_v be_v temperate_a which_o be_v the_o weak_a of_o all_o part_n now_o the_o skin_n receive_v the_o superfluity_n of_o all_o the_o inward_a part_n and_o be_v therefore_o call_v the_o temperate_a answer_v to_o the_o argument_n which_o prove_v it_o not_o to_o be_v temperate_a universal_a emunctory_a but_o all_o these_o knot_n may_v easy_o be_v cleave_v with_o a_o soft_a wedge_n the_o skin_n be_v nourish_v with_o phlegmatic_a blood_n that_o be_v not_o full_a boil_a and_o labour_v when_o we_o know_v it_o be_v hot_a not_o cold_a avicen_n say_v not_o that_o flesh_n be_v most_o temperate_a but_o that_o it_o come_v near_a to_o that_o which_o be_v temperate_a so_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o man_n be_v say_v to_o be_v temperate_a although_o it_o be_v hot_a and_o moist_a the_o weakness_n of_o the_o skin_n proceed_v not_o from_o the_o temper_n for_o it_o be_v not_o weak_a of_o itself_o or_o of_o it_o own_o nature_n but_o by_o event_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o situation_n and_o the_o vessel_n for_o the_o great_a vessel_n because_o they_o be_v near_o to_o the_o fountain_n be_v the_o strong_a and_o the_o expelling_a emunctory_a why_o the_o skin_n be_v weak_a and_o become_v a_o emunctory_a virtue_n of_o the_o inner-part_n more_o powerful_a whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o inward_a part_n expel_v their_o superfluity_n into_o the_o outward_a and_o the_o great_a vessel_n into_o the_o small_a vessel_n of_o the_o habit_n so_o that_o the_o skin_n become_v weak_a because_o the_o expelling_a faculty_n be_v withinwarde_a and_o strong_a and_o lay_v all_o the_o burden_n upon_o the_o skin_n and_o somuch_o for_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o adversary_n aristotle_n whether_o by_o the_o skin_n the_o temper_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n may_v be_v know_v aristotle_n there_o be_v another_o scruple_n arise_v out_o of_o this_o doctrine_n of_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o skin_n and_o that_o be_v whether_o a_o physician_n by_o the_o skin_n may_v judge_v what_o be_v the_o temper_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n aristotle_n gather_v from_o this_o instrument_n of_o touch_v the_o vigour_n of_o the_o mind_n itself_o because_o where_o the_o touch_n be_v fine_a there_o the_o sense_n be_v less_o pollute_v &_o the_o phantasm_n arise_v there_o from_o more_o subtle_a and_o so_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o soul_n high_o and_o more_o abstruse_a galen_n resolve_v the_o doubt_n where_o he_o say_v they_o be_v in_o a_o error_n who_o do_v determine_v always_o of_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n by_o the_o skin_n for_o though_o the_o skin_n be_v hard_a yet_o be_v not_o the_o question_n galens_n resolution_n of_o the_o question_n creature_n necessary_o dry_a neither_o if_o it_o be_v soft_a &_o without_o hair_n be_v the_o whole_a creature_n moist_a yet_o if_o the_o whole_a body_n be_v in_o equal_a temper_n than_o it_o be_v reasonable_a that_o all_o the_o part_n shall_v be_v proportionable_o correspondent_a to_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o skin_n but_o if_o the_o body_n be_v unequal_o temper_v as_o oftentimes_o it_o be_v from_o the_o nature_n by_o accident_n or_o by_o disease_n then_o be_v it_o not_o reasonable_a to_o judge_v of_o the_o body_n by_o the_o skin_n for_o we_o see_v that_o in_o oyster_n the_o flesh_n be_v very_o moist_a yet_o be_v their_o skin_n which_o be_v their_o shell_n beyond_o measure_n dry_a of_o the_o original_a and_o generation_n of_o the_o skin_n qvet_n iii_o there_o be_v many_o opinion_n about_o the_o generation_n of_o the_o skin_n the_o common_a opinion_n be_v that_o it_o arise_v from_o the_o dilate_a end_n of_o the_o vein_n artery_n and_o opinion_n the_o common_a opinion_n sinew_n because_o it_o every_o where_o feel_v live_v and_o be_v nourish_v now_o life_n be_v communicate_v by_o the_o artery_n nourishment_n by_o the_o vein_n &_o
swell_v how_o this_o come_v to_o pass_v we_o will_v now_o declare_v but_o first_o it_o must_v be_v resolve_v what_o that_o divine_a old_a man_n mean_v by_o dry_a cough_n not_o that_o cough_n which_o be_v without_o matter_n cause_v either_o by_o a_o bare_a distemper_n as_o when_o the_o wind_n be_v at_o the_o north_n or_o by_o the_o inequality_n of_o the_o rough_a artery_n or_o by_o the_o sympathy_n of_o the_o sinnewy_a part_n for_o how_o can_v that_o breed_v tumour_n and_o apostemation_n but_o a_o cough_n with_o a_o matter_n who_o cause_n be_v either_o the_o thinness_n of_o the_o matter_n which_o the_o breath_n can_v intercept_v as_o we_o cough_v but_o it_o slide_v down_o by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o weazon_n or_o else_o the_o testicle_n the_o way_n by_o which_o the_o humour_n must_v pass_v out_o of_o the_o chest_n into_o the_o testicle_n thickness_n of_o the_o same_o which_o will_v not_o follow_v the_o constraint_n of_o the_o chest_n this_o matter_n whither_o thin_a or_o thick_a hypocrates_n understand_v to_o be_v evacuate_v by_o apostemation_n below_o and_o especial_o in_o the_o cod_n or_o testicle_n but_o all_o the_o difficulty_n be_v which_o way_n this_o crude_a matter_n shall_v pass_v out_o of_o the_o chest_n unto_o the_o part_n of_o generation_n there_o be_v three_o sort_n of_o vessel_n which_o go_v to_o the_o testicle_n a_o nerve_n a_o artery_n and_o a_o vein_n all_o which_o have_v through-passage_n from_o the_o chest_n to_o the_o testicle_n first_o of_o all_o a_o notable_a nerve_n the_o way_n of_o the_o nerve_n and_o evident_a branch_n of_o the_o rib_n sinnew_n call_v costalis_fw-la run_v by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o rib_n into_o the_o testicle_n a_o vain_a from_o the_o non-pareil_a or_o un-mated_n vein_n of_o the_o breast_n run_v through_o vein_n the_o way_n of_o the_o vein_n the_o midriff_n and_o determine_v into_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o kidney_n and_o the_o spermaticall_a vein_n as_o for_o the_o artery_n albeit_o none_o do_v come_v to_o the_o great_a trunk_n from_o the_o lung_n in_o who_o lap_n arteire_n the_o way_n of_o the_o arteire_n the_o matter_n of_o the_o cough_n do_v lie_v yet_o it_o be_v not_o unreasonable_a to_o think_v that_o the_o offend_a humour_n may_v pass_v by_o tâ—e_v venal_a arâ—ery_n into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o from_o thence_o into_o the_o great_a artery_n and_o so_o into_o his_o branch_n by_o which_o way_n also_o the_o matter_n or_o pus_fw-la of_o pleuriticall_a heart_n the_o passage_n of_o matter_n through_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o peripneumontcall_a or_o empyicall_a patient_n descend_v and_o so_o be_v diverse_o avoid_v by_o urine_n siege_n or_o apostemation_n in_o the_o low_a part_n and_o by_o this_o passage_n also_o it_o be_v more_o than_o probable_a that_o the_o matter_n shall_v fall_v out_o of_o the_o chest_n to_o the_o testicle_n qvest._n vi_o of_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o prostatae_fw-la concern_v the_o glandule_n call_v prostatae_fw-la anatomist_n do_v contend_v sphincter_n that_o the_o prostatae_fw-la be_v above_o the_o sphincter_n some_o think_v they_o be_v place_v beneath_o the_o sphinct_a muscle_n other_o above_o we_o adhere_v to_o the_o latter_a for_o beside_o the_o credit_n of_o dissection_n if_o they_o be_v place_v below_o the_o sphinct_a than_o the_o seed_n shall_v never_o be_v spend_v without_o the_o avoid_n of_o urine_n also_o &_o again_o in_o the_o run_n of_o the_o reins_n the_o seed_n can_v not_o flow_v without_o the_o water_n beside_o the_o urine_n will_v always_o lie_v upon_o these_o glandule_n and_o fret_v they_o with_o his_o acrimony_n they_o be_v therefore_o place_v above_o the_o sphincter_n and_o their_o inflammation_n or_o exulceration_n breed_v the_o venereous_a gonorrhaea_n or_o run_v of_o the_o reins_n qvest._n vii_o whether_o the_o erection_n of_o the_o yard_n be_v a_o natural_a or_o a_o animal_n action_n every_o action_n according_a to_o galen_n be_v natural_a or_o animal_n that_o he_o call_v natural_a which_o be_v not_o voluntary_a so_o the_o vital_a faculty_n be_v natural_a because_o it_o be_v not_o be_v how_o many_o sort_n action_n there_o be_v arbitrary_a the_o inflation_n of_o the_o virile_a member_n be_v a_o action_n because_o there_o be_v in_o it_o local_a and_o mathematical_a motion_n it_o must_v therefore_o needs_o be_v a_o natural_a or_o a_o anmiall_a or_o a_o mix_a action_n to_o prove_v it_o to_o be_v mere_o animal_n this_o argument_n be_v urge_v because_o all_o the_o animal_n faculty_n imagination_n motion_n and_o sense_n do_v concur_v to_o the_o perfection_n of_o it_o for_o the_o first_o animal_n that_o erection_n be_v mere_o animal_n before_o the_o distension_n of_o this_o part_n whether_o we_o wake_v or_o sleep_v wanton_a and_o lascivious_a imagination_n do_v trouble_v us._n now_o man_n imagination_n when_o they_o wake_v be_v always_o voluntary_a and_o arbitrary_a with_o election_n and_o when_o they_o sleep_v then_o be_v their_o imagination_n like_o those_o of_o bruit_n beast_n follow_v the_o species_n or_o idea_n and_o representation_n of_o the_o seed_n as_o it_o prick_v &_o swell_v these_o part_n of_o generation_n for_o even_o as_o in_o sleep_n phlegm_n stir_v up_o in_o our_o imagination_n sleep_n the_o effect_n of_o the_o humour_n in_o sleep_n similitude_n of_o rain_n and_o water_n choler_n of_o rage_n and_o fury_n like_o unto_o itself_o melanlancholy_a that_o enemy_n of_o the_o light_n and_o demolish_a of_o the_o principle_n of_o life_n itself_o pour_v a_o cloud_n of_o darkness_n over_o our_o mind_n and_o represent_v to_o our_o imagination_n similitude_n full_a of_o terror_n and_o fear_n right_o so_o the_o seed_n contain_v in_o the_o prostatae_fw-la swell_v with_o abundance_n by_o his_o tickle_a or_o itch_a quality_n communicate_v to_o the_o brain_n by_o the_o continuity_n of_o the_o sinew_n move_v how_o venereous_a imagination_n 〈◊〉_d sleep_n be_v move_v move_v or_o stir_v up_o image_n or_o shadow_n of_o venereous_a delight_n in_o the_o fantasy_n of_o man_n wherefore_o this_o part_n or_o member_n be_v not_o erect_v without_o the_o help_n of_o the_o imagination_n the_o sense_n move_v the_o imagination_n the_o imagination_n command_v the_o move_a faculty_n that_o obey_v and_o so_o it_o be_v puff_v up_o the_o move_a faculty_n have_v the_o help_n of_o four_o muscle_n two_o of_o which_o run_v along_o the_o side_n of_o the_o member_n now_o we_o know_v that_o all_o motion_n of_o the_o muscle_n be_v animal_n because_o a_o muscle_n be_v define_v to_o be_v a_o instrument_n of_o voluntary_a motion_n this_o inflation_n have_v pleasure_n also_o join_v unto_o it_o but_o pleasure_n be_v not_o without_o sense_n wherefore_o all_o these_o three_o animal_n faculty_n concur_v in_o erection_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v mere_o a_o animal_n action_n on_o the_o contrary_a that_o it_o be_v a_o natural_a action_n may_v thus_o be_v demonstrate_v all_o the_o cause_n instrument_n that_o it_o be_v mere_o natural_a the_o instrument_n of_o this_o distension_n the_o instrument_n the_o efficient_n and_o the_o end_n be_v natural_a the_o natural_a organ_n or_o instrument_n be_v two_o ligament_n hollow_a fungous_a and_o black_a which_o though_o they_o be_v call_v nerve_n yet_o be_v not_o voluntary_a and_o sensible_a or_o feel_a sinew_n they_o arise_v from_o the_o haunch_n and_o sharebone_n not_o from_o the_o brain_n or_o marrow_n of_o the_o back_n the_o efficient_a cause_n be_v not_o our_o will_n because_o erection_n be_v not_o always_o at_o our_o commandment_n either_o to_o move_v or_o efficient_a the_o efficient_a to_o appease_v as_o we_o may_v do_v our_o arm_n leg_n and_o eye_n but_o the_o efficient_a cause_n be_v heat_n spirit_n and_o wind_n which_o fill_v and_o distend_v these_o hollow_a body_n with_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o vessel_n both_o vein_n and_o artery_n disperse_v and_o weave_v through_o they_o the_o final_a cause_n be_v procreation_n final_a the_o final_a which_o belong_v to_o the_o natural_a not_o to_o the_o animal_n faculty_n betwixt_o these_o two_o extreme_n we_o will_v take_v the_o middle_a way_n and_o determine_v that_o the_o action_n of_o erection_n be_v neither_o mere_o animal_n nor_o mere_a natural_a but_o a_o mix_a action_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o imagination_n &_o the_o sense_n it_o be_v animal_n because_o it_o be_v not_o distend_v unless_o some_o action_n the_o middle_a and_o true_a opinion_n that_o it_o be_v a_o mix_a action_n luxurious_a imagination_n go_v before_o and_o the_o distension_n when_o it_o be_v make_v be_v always_o accompany_v with_o a_o sense_n of_o pleasure_n and_o delight_n but_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o motion_n we_o rather_o think_v it_o to_o be_v natural_a which_o yet_o be_v somewhat_o holpen_v by_o the_o animal_n for_o as_o the_o appetite_n which_o appetite_n comparison_n from_o the_o appetite_n be_v stir_v up_o in_o the_o uppermost_a mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n because_o traction_n breed_v diwlsion_n
and_o sense_n do_v confirm_v the_o some_o galen_n in_o the_o 4._o chapter_n of_o experience_n experience_n the_o aforesaid_a book_n tell_v a_o story_n of_o a_o certain_a man_n who_o he_o command_v to_o snuff_v up_o into_o his_o nose_n and_o to_o receive_v at_o his_o mouth_n nigella_n gith_n or_o pepperwort_n fine_o beat_v and_o reason_n reason_n mingle_v with_o old_a oil_n who_o thereupon_o feel_v a_o great_a gnaw_v in_o his_o brain_n which_o say_v he_o be_v a_o manifest_a argument_n that_o some_o of_o that_o nigella_n go_v into_o the_o ventricle_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o cleave_v to_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la or_o thin_a membrane_n or_o else_o haply_o in_o the_o brain_n itself_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o that_o pain_n again_o reason_n seem_v to_o persuade_v the_o same_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o fountain_n and_o original_n of_o all_o sense_n and_o therefore_o itself_o must_v need_v be_v sensible_a because_o by_o it_o all_o other_o part_n have_v sense_n for_o it_o be_v a_o axiom_n in_o logic_n propter_fw-la quod_fw-la unumquodque_fw-la est_fw-la tale_n &_o illud_fw-la magis_fw-la tale_n that_o for_o which_o any_o thing_n be_v such_o or_o such_o must_v needs_o itself_o be_v more_o such_o or_o such_o furthermore_o unless_o the_o brain_n have_v sense_n it_o can_v not_o rouse_v itself_o up_o to_o the_o expulsion_n of_o that_o which_o be_v offensive_a for_o in_o sternutation_n or_o sneezing_n and_o fit_v of_o the_o epilepsy_n or_o falling-sicknes_n how_o shall_v the_o brain_n be_v move_v and_o shake_v to_o exclude_v and_o avoid_v the_o humour_n or_o vapour_n by_o which_o it_o be_v vellicate_v or_o goad_v unless_o it_o feel_v the_o affluence_n thereof_o contrary_o the_o opinion_n of_o those_o who_o determine_v that_o the_o brain_n have_v no_o sense_n may_v also_o be_v confirm_v by_o authority_n experience_n and_o reason_n aristotle_n in_o the_o 17._o chapter_n of_o his_o 3_o opinion_n the_o contrary_a opinion_n book_n de_fw-fr historia_fw-la animalium_fw-la and_o in_o the_o 7._o capter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr partibus_fw-la animal_n write_v that_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o marrow_n have_v not_o sensum_fw-la tactus_fw-la the_o sense_n of_o feeling_n galen_n in_o the_o 8._o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr causis_fw-la sympto_fw-la the_o brain_n say_v he_o be_v ordain_v by_o nature_n not_o to_o have_v sense_n but_o to_o communicate_v the_o faculty_n of_o sensation_n to_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o sense_n in_o his_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr causis_fw-la sympt_n he_o call_v the_o brain_n a_o organ_n without_o sense_n experience_n than_o which_o nothing_o be_v more_o certain_a convince_v the_o truth_n of_o this_o position_n experience_n experience_n for_o when_o the_o brain_n be_v wound_v the_o patient_a do_v not_o feel_v although_o the_o substance_n thereof_o be_v press_v with_o a_o sharp_a probe_n no_o not_o if_o some_o of_o it_o be_v take_v away_o which_o thing_n be_v very_o ordinary_a for_o physician_n and_o chirurgeon_n to_o observe_v final_o it_o may_v be_v demonstrate_v by_o reason_n every_o organ_n say_v the_o philospoher_n reason_n reason_n must_v be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v without_o any_o external_a quality_n so_o in_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n of_o the_o eye_n there_o be_v no_o colour_n in_o the_o ear_n no_o sound_n in_o the_o tongue_n no_o savour_n and_o the_o skin_n which_o be_v the_o judge_n of_o those_o quality_n which_o move_v the_o sense_n of_o touch_v be_v itself_o of_o a_o moderate_a temper_n so_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o common_a sense_n and_o judge_v of_o all_o sensation_n and_o therefore_o must_v itself_o be_v without_o sense_n moreover_o the_o brain_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v sensible_a for_o if_o it_o be_v have_v his_o situation_n uppermost_a and_o like_a a_o cup_a glass_n draw_v and_o sup_v uppe_o the_o exhalation_n of_o the_o low_a part_n it_o will_v by_o their_o affluence_n perpetual_o be_v pain_v final_o the_o substance_n well_o nigh_o of_o all_o the_o bowel_n be_v insensible_a as_o of_o the_o liver_n the_o spleen_n the_o lung_n etc._n etc._n and_o therefore_o the_o substance_n also_o of_o the_o brain_n be_v insensible_a to_o this_o opinion_n we_o rather_o subscribe_v then_o to_o the_o former_a follow_v therein_o galen_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr causis_fw-la symp._n where_o he_o be_v not_o of_o opinion_n that_o the_o brain_n have_v sense_n but_o only_o that_o it_o can_v discern_v the_o difference_n of_o sensible_a thing_n those_o thing_n which_o be_v bring_v to_o prove_v the_o contrary_a assertion_n seem_v to_o i_o now_o to_o opinion_n answer_v to_o the_o argument_n of_o the_o former_a opinion_n be_v very_a light_n hypocrates_n say_v that_o the_o brain_n do_v feel_v those_o iniurte_n that_o be_v in_o the_o flesh_n and_o in_o the_o bone_n that_o be_v to_o say_v it_o be_v affect_v and_o alter_v by_o they_o so_o the_o same_o hypocrates_n say_v in_o his_o aphorism_n that_o the_o bone_n do_v feel_v the_o power_n of_o cold_a that_o be_v they_o be_v alter_v by_o cold_a wherefore_o he_o use_v the_o word_n sense_n in_o that_o place_n abusive_o galen_n attribute_v sense_n to_o the_o brain_n it_o be_v true_a yet_o not_o to_o his_o marrowy_a substance_n which_o be_v the_o fountain_n and_o original_n of_o all_o the_o animal_n faculty_n but_o to_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la or_o thin_a membrane_n which_o insinuate_v itself_o deep_o into_o the_o corner_n thereof_o as_o for_o that_o logical_a axiom_n it_o be_v only_o true_a in_o these_o cause_n which_o we_o call_v homogeny_n and_o those_o also_o conjoin_v for_o the_o sun_n be_v of_o itself_o not_o hot_a yet_o heat_v all_o sublunary_a thing_n and_o whereas_o they_o say_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v shake_v in_o the_o exclusion_n of_o that_o which_o be_v hurtful_a and_o thence_o will_v prove_v that_o it_o be_v sensible_a we_o answer_v that_o there_o be_v seat_v in_o every_o particular_a part_n a_o natural_a power_n to_o expel_v that_o which_o be_v hurtful_a which_o power_n be_v sometime_o join_v with_o animal_n sense_n sometime_o hurtful_a how_o the_o brain_n apprehend_v that_o which_o be_v hurtful_a also_o it_o be_v without_o the_o same_o so_o the_o bone_n have_v a_o power_n of_o excretion_n and_o the_o flesh_n almost_o of_o all_o the_o bowel_n be_v insensible_a be_v yet_o apprehensive_a of_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v hurtful_a yea_o expel_v they_o also_o and_o drive_v they_o forth_o there_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n certain_a sympathy_n and_o antipathy_n fernelius_n in_o the_o ten_o chapter_n of_o the_o 5._o book_n of_o his_o physiologia_fw-la have_v divise_v a_o new_a and_o uncouth_a opinion_n concern_v the_o motion_n and_o sense_n of_o the_o brain_n he_o conceive_v that_o all_o opinion_n fernelius_n new_a opinion_n motion_n be_v from_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o all_o sense_n say_v he_o flow_v from_o the_o meninge_n or_o membrane_n because_o the_o body_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v perpetual_o move_v &_o yet_o have_v no_o sense_n at_o all_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o membrane_n that_o encompass_v it_o be_v of_o themselves_o immovable_a especial_o the_o dura_n mater_fw-la and_o yet_o their_o sense_n be_v most_o exquisite_a so_o in_o the_o disease_n which_o we_o call_v dilirium_n that_o be_v a_o aberration_n of_o the_o mind_n and_o in_o the_o letargy_n which_o be_v affect_n of_o the_o brain_n there_o be_v no_o pain_n at_o all_o but_o if_o a_o sharp_a humour_n or_o vapour_n be_v transport_v into_o the_o membrane_n then_o be_v the_o patient_a as_o it_o be_v on_o the_o rack_n furthermore_o the_o spin_v and_o all_o the_o nerve_n have_v their_o marrow_n from_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o same_o invest_v with_o membrane_n all_o which_o have_v the_o same_o power_n and_o nature_n which_o they_o receive_v from_o their_o original_n therefore_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o originiall_a of_o sense_n the_o backepart_v the_o beginning_n of_o motion_n and_o the_o mening_n or_o membrane_n be_v the_o beginning_n of_o touch_v those_o nerve_n that_o be_v full_a of_o marrow_n be_v the_o instrument_n of_o motion_n but_o those_o be_v the_o instrument_n of_o touch_v which_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n derive_v from_o the_o meninge_n these_o be_v fernelius_n word_n wherein_o say_v my_o author_n by_o the_o favour_n of_o so_o great_a a_o man_n i_o find_v some_o thing_n that_o can_v be_v warrant_v first_o he_o say_v that_o all_o voluntary_a motion_n error_n fernelius_n his_o first_o error_n flow_v from_o the_o marrow_n because_o the_o marrow_n be_v perpetual_o move_v as_o if_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o of_o the_o nerve_n and_o muscle_n be_v alike_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v natural_a consist_v of_o a_o diastole_n a_o double_a rest_n and_o a_o systole_n for_o the_o generation_n of_o animal_n spirit_n but_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o muscle_n
be_v many_o unto_o they_o diverse_a muscle_n whereby_o their_o motion_n be_v very_o sudden_a and_o expedite_a hence_o it_o be_v that_o aristotle_n in_o the_o 8._o problem_n of_o the_o 7._o section_n call_v the_o eye_n the_o most_o noble_a part_n of_o the_o body_n yet_o say_v he_o the_o left_a eye_n be_v more_o nimble_a than_o the_o right_n now_o whereas_o the_o motion_n of_o a_o man_n eye_n be_v six_o according_a to_o galen_n in_o the_o three_o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr motu_fw-la musculorum_fw-la it_o follow_v necessary_o that_o the_o eye_n must_v have_v six_o muscle_n but_o galen_n vesalius_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o anatomist_n as_o columbus_n say_v be_v accustom_v only_o to_o describe_v the_o eye_n of_o beast_n have_v add_v a_o seven_o muscle_n and_o those_o six_o also_o which_o they_o have_v describe_v they_o have_v misplace_v but_o we_o be_v to_o describe_v the_o muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n of_o a_o man_n that_o seven_o which_o belong_v to_o beast_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o into_o three_o and_o sometime_o into_o four_o in_o man_n therefore_o as_o we_o have_v say_v there_o be_v six_o muscle_n according_a unto_o the_o six_o motion_n of_o a_o man_n eye_n four_o of_o which_o motion_n be_v right_o that_o be_v to_o say_v upward_o downward_o six_o why_o six_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o to_o the_o left_a the_o two_o motion_n remain_v be_v oblique_a to_o which_o belong_v two_o oblique_a muscle_n who_o use_n be_v to_o roll_v the_o eye_n about_o notwithstanding_o one_o of_o these_o be_v have_v how_o many_o moâ—â—ons_n the_o eye_n have_v exact_o oblique_a the_o other_o partly_o right_o partly_o oblique_a all_o these_o muscle_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o backside_n of_o the_o eye_n within_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o scull_n whether_o they_o accompany_v the_o optic_a nerve_n and_o so_o remain_v in_o their_o position_n the_o eye_n and_o they_o together_o do_v make_v a_o pyramidal_a or_o turbinated_a figure_n table_n 1._o figu_n 6._o 7._o among_o these_o muscle_n the_o thick_a and_o more_o corpolent_a be_v the_o right_n which_o have_v all_o the_o same_o structure_n original_a and_o insertion_n and_o do_v pass_v eye_n the_o figure_n of_o the_o eye_n straight_o all_o along_o the_o length_n of_o the_o eye_n the_o oblique_a muscle_n be_v less_o fleshy_a yet_o very_a like_o one_o another_o all_o these_o muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v small_a that_o they_o may_v be_v soon_o move_v but_o that_o which_o help_v most_o the_o volubility_n of_o their_o motion_n be_v the_o round_a figure_n which_o be_v the_o nimble_a of_o all_o 〈…〉_o why_o the_o muscle_n 〈…〉_o other_o as_o we_o may_v perceive_v by_o the_o roundness_n of_o the_o heaven_n the_o eye_n therefore_o be_v round_o as_o be_v also_o the_o muscle_n thereof_o be_v even_o in_o a_o moment_n convey_v round_o why_o round_o over_o the_o whole_a heaven_n and_o the_o head_n itself_o be_v therefore_o move_v very_o suddanly_a and_o swift_o because_o it_o touch_v upon_o the_o bone_n whereon_o it_o rest_v with_o a_o narrow_a point_n the_o four_o right_a muscle_n meet_v and_o touch_v one_o another_o towards_o the_o root_n of_o the_o nerve_n optic_a do_v arise_v with_o a_o sharp_a beginning_n from_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o bony_a orb_n which_o be_v muscle_n the_o right_a muscle_n make_v by_o the_o wedge_n bone_n hard_o by_o the_o passage_n through_o which_o the_o nerve_n of_o sight_n or_o the_o optic_a nerve_n do_v issue_n i_o know_v well_o that_o vesalius_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o they_o arise_v out_o of_o diverse_a part_n and_o into_o diverse_a part_n be_v insert_v again_o for_o their_o matter_n he_o conceive_v they_o arise_v from_o a_o commixture_n of_o the_o dura_n matter_n which_o compass_v the_o optic_a nerve_n and_o a_o nerve_n of_o the_o second_o conjugation_n platerus_n think_v that_o they_o arise_v from_o the_o membrane_n which_o compass_v the_o orb_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o that_o membrane_n which_o invest_v the_o optic_a nerve_n aquapendens_fw-la imagine_v they_o proceed_v from_o the_o pericranium_n or_o scull-skinne_n laurentius_n dispute_v about_o their_o original_n on_o this_o manner_n they_o err_v say_v he_o which_o think_v the_o muscle_n of_o original_a diverse_a opinion_n about_o their_o original_a the_o eye_n do_v arise_v from_o the_o inner_a thick_a membrane_n which_o compass_v the_o optic_a nerve_n for_o this_o be_v altogether_o against_o sense_n they_o can_v not_o say_v he_o arise_v from_o a_o membrane_n nor_o they_o ought_v not_o they_o ought_v not_o because_o a_o membrane_n of_o a_o exquisite_a sense_n compass_v the_o nerve_n which_o nerve_n the_o muscle_n in_o their_o motion_n will_v compress_v and_o so_o the_o sight_n will_v be_v offend_v they_o can_v not_o because_o they_o be_v not_o establish_v upon_o a_o firm_a foundation_n it_o remain_v therefore_o say_v laurentius_n that_o they_o must_v arise_v from_o the_o inmost_a depth_n of_o the_o table_n 2._o figure_n 1._o show_v many_o muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n in_o their_o own_o seat_n figure_n 2._o show_v the_o eye_n roll_v upward_o whereby_o their_o muscle_n may_v be_v perceive_v figure_n 3._o and_o 4._o show_v the_o muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n separate_v before_o and_o behind_o with_o their_o nerve_n figure_n 5._o be_v the_o eye_n of_o a_o ox_n with_o his_o muscle_n sever_v as_o vesalius_n do_v show_v it_o tabula_fw-la ii_o fig_n i._o fig_n two_o fig_n iii_o fig_n iv_o fig_n v._o their_o whole_a body_n throughout_o their_o whole_a course_n be_v fleshy_a and_o their_o belly_n bear_v out_o round_o as_o they_o come_v forward_o but_o they_o determine_v a_o little_a above_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o eye_n inserrion_n their_o inserrion_n into_o a_o broad_a thin_a and_o membranous_a tendon_n wherewith_o they_o compass_v the_o whole_a eye_n before_o and_o grow_v very_o strong_o to_o the_o horny_a tunicle_n near_o unto_o the_o iris_n or_o rainbow_n in_o the_o great_a circle_n and_o these_o tendon_n join_v together_o do_v make_v that_o nameles_a coat_n of_o columbus_n and_o the_o white_a of_o the_o eye_n for_o we_o conceive_v that_o this_o whiteness_n be_v cause_v rather_o by_o the_o tendon_n of_o these_o muscle_n procee_v whence_o the_o whiteness_n of_o the_o eye_n procee_v then_o that_o it_o proper_o belong_v to_o the_o coat_n which_o we_o call_v adnata_fw-la and_o so_o much_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a to_o have_v speak_v in_o general_a of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n now_o we_o come_v to_o a_o more_o particular_a description_n of_o they_o one_o by_o one_o the_o first_o table_n 2._o figure_n 1_o 3_o 4._o d_o fig._n 5._o ♌_o which_o be_v the_o three_o according_a to_o vessalius_n and_o galen_n also_o in_o the_o 8._o chapter_n of_o his_o 10._o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la be_v seat_v above_o fleshy_a it_o be_v &_o muscle_n a_o more_o particular_a description_n of_o the_o several_a muscle_n round_o thick_a also_o than_o the_o rest_n great_a and_o strong_a than_o the_o second_o because_o it_o lift_v the_o eye_n upward_o towards_o the_o brow_n for_o there_o be_v great_a strength_n require_v to_o lift_v a_o thing_n up_o then_o to_o pull_v it_o down_o the_o name_n of_o this_o muscle_n common_o give_v by_o author_n be_v attollens_fw-la and_o superbus_n the_o lifter_n and_o the_o proud_a muscle_n the_o second_o which_o according_a to_o galen_n and_o vesalius_n be_v the_o four_o table_n 2._o figure_n 2_o 3_o 4._o e._n figure_n 5._o â—_o be_v opposite_n unto_o the_o former_a and_o place_v in_o the_o low_a part_n it_o draw_v the_o eye_n downward_o to_o the_o cheek_n and_o therefore_o need_v not_o be_v so_o great_a as_o the_o former_a because_o the_o eye_n decline_v easy_o with_o his_o own_o weight_n it_o be_v call_v deprimens_fw-la and_o humilis_fw-la the_o depressor_n and_o humble_a muscle_n the_o three_o ta._n 2._o fig._n 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o g._n fig._n 5_o ζ_n according_o to_o galen_n and_o vesalius_n the_o first_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o great_a angle_n and_o lead_v the_o eye_n inward_a towards_o the_o nose_n and_o be_v call_v adducens_fw-la and_o bibitorius_fw-la we_o may_v call_v it_o the_o glee_a muscle_n the_o four_o tab._n 2._o fig._n 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o f._n fig._n 5_o n_z which_o according_a to_o galen_n and_o vesalius_n be_v the_o second_o be_v opposite_a to_o the_o three_o seat_v on_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o eye_n which_o it_o draw_v to_o the_o lesser_a angle_n or_o to_o the_o temple_n and_o be_v call_v abducens_fw-la and_o indignatorius_fw-la we_o may_v call_v it_o the_o scu-muscle_n or_o the_o muscle_n of_o disdain_n if_o all_o these_o four_o work_n together_o the_o eye_n be_v draw_v inward_a fix_v establish_a and_o contain_v which_o kind_n of_o motion_n physician_n call_v motus_fw-la tonicus_fw-la we_o in_o our_o language_n use_n their_o use_n call_v it_o a_o set_a or_o wist-looke_a archangelus_n be_v more_o distinct_a in_o the_o assignation_n
the_o side_n of_o the_o head_n the_o sound_n may_v easy_o slip_v by_o they_o especial_o when_o it_o come_v from_o behind_o we_o and_o we_o move_v forward_o if_o it_o be_v not_o catch_v in_o these_o convolution_n â—nd_v in_o the_o guttures_fw-la of_o the_o grystly_a substance_n convey_v unto_o the_o hole_n of_o hear_v and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o even_o by_o instinct_n of_o nature_n we_o see_v brute_n beast_n as_o dog_n and_o horse_n will_v prick_v up_o their_o ear_n and_o partly_o turn_v they_o towards_o any_o sound_n or_o noise_n that_o be_v make_v and_o because_o the_o ear_n may_v be_v thus_o prominent_a as_o well_o in_o the_o part_n as_o in_o the_o whole_a for_o the_o whole_a ear_n stand_v of_o a_o certain_a distance_n from_o the_o head_n nature_n have_v make_v they_o of_o a_o cartelaginious_a or_o gristly_a substance_n which_o out_o of_o doubt_n will_v grow_v far_o from_o the_o head_n if_o nurse_n or_o careful_a mother_n who_o have_v more_o respect_n of_o comeliness_n then_o of_o use_n do_v not_o bind_v they_o down_o in_o our_o infancy_n if_o you_o ask_v i_o how_o the_o sound_n of_o any_o thing_n far_o off_o can_v arrive_v unto_o the_o ear_n i_o will_v answer_v by_o a_o pregnant_a example_n on_o this_o manner_n if_o a_o stone_n be_v throw_v into_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o ear_n a_o fit_a similitude_n express_v how_o the_o sound_v come_v through_o the_o air_n unto_o the_o ear_n pond_n it_o move_v the_o water_n in_o circle_n one_o always_o succeed_v great_a than_o another_o until_o the_o motion_n determine_v in_o the_o brink_n or_o bound_n of_o the_o pond_n so_o in_o like_a manner_n those_o body_n which_o by_o their_o collision_n do_v make_v a_o sound_n move_v the_o air_n into_o orb_n or_o circle_n succeed_v one_o another_o so_o that_o the_o circle_n which_o be_v near_a to_o the_o body_n from_o whence_o the_o sound_n come_v be_v but_o small_a the_o rest_n which_o follow_v they_o grow_v great_a and_o great_a until_o they_o come_v unto_o the_o ear_n whereat_o when_o they_o beat_v they_o be_v latch_v in_o those_o furrow_n we_o speak_v of_o and_o by_o they_o direct_v unto_o the_o hole_n of_o hear_v chap._n xii_o of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o outward_a ear_n this_o outward_a ear_n be_v make_v of_o part_n some_o common_a some_o proper_a the_o common_a part_n be_v the_o cuticle_n the_o skin_n the_o fleshy_a membrane_n flesh_n itself_o and_o a_o little_a fat_a in_o the_o lobe_n or_o lap_n the_o proper_a part_n be_v muscle_n vein_n artery_n nerve_n and_o a_o gristle_n the_o cuticle_n or_o skarfe-skin_n we_o have_v speak_v of_o before_o in_o the_o second_o book_n as_o also_o of_o all_o the_o other_o common_a part_n only_o of_o the_o skin_n itself_o in_o this_o part_n we_o may_v say_v that_o it_o be_v exceed_o thin_a yet_o somewhat_o thick_a in_o the_o gibbous_a or_o backside_n of_o the_o ear_n than_o it_o be_v in_o the_o concavous_a or_o foreside_n and_o the_o near_a it_o come_v to_o the_o hole_n of_o hear_v the_o thin_a it_o be_v this_o skin_n compass_v the_o ear_n round_o about_o both_o without_o and_o within_o and_o cleave_v very_o strong_o and_o firm_o to_o a_o little_a flesh_n and_o to_o the_o gristle_n that_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o ear_n especial_o ear_n the_o skin_n of_o the_o outward_a ear_n the_o inner_a may_v be_v smooth_a and_o slick_a not_o corrugate_v or_o unequal_a as_o well_o for_o beauty_n and_o comeliness_n as_o also_o for_o the_o better_a reception_n of_o sound_n for_o aristotle_n in_o the_o severth_n aristotle_n aristotle_n problem_n of_o the_o eleven_o section_n inquire_v why_o a_o house_n that_o be_v new_o plaster_v do_v sound_n old_a why_o a_o new_a house_n sound_v more_o than_o a_o old_a better_o than_o a_o old_a house_n answer_v that_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o wall_n be_v smooth_a which_o smoothness_n procee_v from_o density_n or_o fastness_n it_o be_v reasonable_a therefore_o to_o think_v that_o the_o smoothness_n of_o the_o ear_n help_v the_o sound_n and_o therefore_o the_o very_a hole_n also_o of_o hear_v be_v invest_v with_o a_o sight_n hard_a thin_a and_o smooth_a skin_n which_o cleave_v very_o close_o to_o the_o membrane_n there_o under_o but_o where_o the_o skin_n incompass_v the_o lobe_n or_o lap_n of_o the_o ear_n it_o be_v so_o exquisite_o mix_v with_o the_o membrane_n and_o the_o flesh_n that_o it_o can_v be_v separate_v from_o they_o and_o therefore_o we_o may_v call_v that_o part_n a_o fleshy_a fatty_a and_o spungy_a skin_n the_o vessel_n of_o the_o ear_n be_v these_o vein_n of_o the_o ear_n hypocrates_n take_v knowledge_n of_o in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la haminis_fw-la branch_n they_o be_v disperse_v on_o either_o side_n tab._n 4._o fig._n 1._o ddd_n ear_n the_o vein_n of_o the_o ear_n table_n 6._o figure_n 1._o show_v the_o fore-face_n of_o the_o outward_a ear_n without_o the_o skin_n figure_n 2._o show_v a_o ligament_n of_o the_o outward_a ear_n whereby_o it_o be_v tie_v to_o the_o skull_n figure_n 3._o the_o stony_a process_n be_v break_v show_v the_o first_o cavity_n and_o the_o hole_n thereof_o figure_n 4._o &_o 5._o show_v the_o labyrinth_n the_o snayly_a shell_n call_v cochlea_n two_o window_n and_o three_o semicircle_n tabula_fw-la vi_o fig_n i._o fig_n ii_o fig_n iii_o fig_n iv_o fig_n v._o fig._n 1._o &_o 2._o fig._n 3._o 4._o &_o 5._o artery_n it_o have_v from_o the_o inner_a branch_n of_o the_o carotis_fw-la or_o sleepy_a artery_n which_o pass_v to_o ear_n the_o arteriesâ—_n of_o the_o ear_n the_o backside_n of_o the_o ear_n tab._n 13._o lib._n 6._o o_fw-la that_o those_o part_n and_o the_o inbred_a air_n also_o may_v be_v refresh_v with_o vital_a blood_n and_o spirit_n two_o small_a nerve_n it_o have_v from_o the_o backward_o and_o two_o from_o the_o side_n of_o the_o second_o conjugation_n of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o neck_n and_o these_o be_v very_o small_a say_v galen_n in_o the_o six_o chapter_n of_o his_o 16._o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la in_o man_n and_o ape_n because_o their_o temporal_a muscle_n be_v very_o small_a and_o the_o substance_n of_o their_o ear_n be_v immovable_a but_o in_o other_o creature_n say_v he_o who_o temporal_a muscle_n and_o ear_n be_v very_o large_a these_o nerve_n also_o be_v large_a because_o of_o the_o strength_n require_v to_o those_o motion_n the_o use_n of_o they_o in_o man_n be_v to_o bring_v sense_n to_o the_o ear_n and_o sometime_o to_o move_v the_o muscle_n for_o those_o muscle_n be_v not_o always_o find_v chap._n xiii_o of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o outward_a eare._n man_n ear_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n immovable_a yet_o they_o may_v be_v move_v as_o appear_v as_o well_o by_o their_o muscle_n as_o also_o by_o the_o nerve_n which_o as_o we_o say_v even_o now_o be_v find_v in_o some_o body_n but_o the_o muscle_n be_v so_o small_a and_o the_o nerve_n so_o threddy_o that_o their_o motion_n be_v hardly_o perceive_v and_o nature_n make_v they_o small_a because_o too_o much_o motion_n will_v have_v vitiate_a the_o hear_n and_o therefore_o the_o head_n be_v rather_o make_v to_o move_v speedy_o on_o every_o side_n towards_o the_o sound_n or_o voice_n which_o be_v not_o so_o in_o beast_n who_o ear_n be_v movable_a such_o as_o they_o be_v falopius_n first_o find_v they_o out_o and_o therefore_o the_o honour_n of_o their_o invention_n belong_v to_o he_o they_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n common_a and_o proper_a the_o first_o be_v common_a to_o the_o ear_n and_o both_o the_o lip_n and_o be_v a_o portion_n of_o that_o muscle_n which_o be_v account_v the_o first_o of_o those_o which_o move_v the_o cheek_n and_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o face_n and_o be_v call_v quadratus_n tabl_v 7._o fig._n 1_o l_o the_o square_a muscle_n it_o be_v insert_v with_o ascend_a fibre_n into_o the_o root_n of_o the_o ear_n table_n 6._o fig._n 1._o o._n table_n 7._o fig._n 1._o show_v the_o muscle_n of_o the_o forehead_n the_o eyelid_n and_o the_o cheek_n figure_n 2._o show_v the_o muscle_n of_o the_o nose_n lip_n the_o low_a jaw_n and_o of_o the_o bone_n hyois_n tabula_fw-la vii_o fig_n i._o fig_n ii_o μ_n 2_o the_o insertion_n of_o this_o muscle_n into_o the_o low_a jaw_n ν_fw-gr 2_o a_o small_a nerve_n run_v to_o the_o forehead_n out_o of_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o eye_n Ï€_n 2_o a_o nerve_n propagate_v to_o the_o face_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 2_o two_o beginning_n of_o the_o seven_o muscle_n of_o the_o head_n t_o 2_o his_o insertion_n into_o the_o mammillary_a process_n â—_o 2_o the_o clavicle_n or_o the_o coller-bone_n φ_n 2_o a_o place_n where_o the_o vessel_n attain_v to_o the_o head_n and_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o arm_n do_v pass_v through_o the_o second_o be_v a_o proper_a muscle_n table_n 7._o
three_o cause_n of_o this_o variety_n the_o humour_n the_o coat_n and_o the_o spirit_n the_o humour_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v three_o first_o the_o watery_a second_o the_o crystalline_a three_o the_o glassy_a this_o last_o because_o it_o can_v be_v perceive_v and_o be_v place_v in_o the_o hindmost_a part_n of_o the_o eye_n do_v humour_n the_o first_o cause_n refer_v to_o the_o humour_n confer_v nothing_o or_o very_o little_a unto_o the_o diversity_n of_o colour_n but_o this_o virtue_n of_o alteration_n and_o change_v the_o colour_n of_o the_o eye_n depend_v most_o upon_o the_o watery_a and_o glassy_a or_o crystal_n humour_n in_o these_o humour_n also_o three_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v their_o substance_n quantity_n &_o situation_n by_o the_o name_n of_o substance_n i_o understand_v the_o purity_n or_o impurity_n the_o splendour_n darkness_n tewity_n and_o density_n the_o quantity_n do_v note_v the_o plenty_n or_o scarcity_n of_o the_o observe_v in_o humour_n 3_o thing_n to_o be_v observe_v humour_n the_o site_n be_v either_o more_o hollow_a and_o profound_a or_o more_o prominent_a and_o bear_v out_o there_o be_v therefore_o three_o cause_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o crystalline_a of_o a_o wally_n and_o white_a colour_n in_o the_o eye_n first_o the_o plenty_n of_o the_o crystalline_a second_o the_o purity_n and_o splendour_n thereof_o and_o his_o prominent_a situation_n for_o so_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n by_o his_o own_o &_o proper_a brightness_n illuminate_v the_o watery_a humour_n and_o the_o whole_a eye_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o watery_a humour_n there_o be_v two_o cause_n of_o this_o wallinesse_n the_o splendour_n and_o the_o paucity_n or_o scarcity_n of_o it_o for_o a_o small_a and_o pure_a watery_a humour_n do_v less_o hinder_v the_o fulgour_fw-la or_o brightness_n of_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n the_o cause_n of_o blackness_n be_v quite_o contrary_a as_o in_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o cristaline_a the_o paucity_n or_o smallness_n of_o it_o his_o impurity_n and_o deep_a situation_n and_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o watery_a the_o impurity_n blackness_n the_o cause_n of_o blackness_n and_o plenty_n be_v the_o cause_n thereof_o but_o haply_o that_o which_o aristotle_n write_v in_o the_o 14_o problem_n and_o the_o 14._o section_n may_v seem_v to_o contradict_v our_o assertion_n where_o he_o say_v the_o ethyopian_o have_v black_a eye_n and_o those_o that_o inhabit_v the_o north_n white_a but_o in_o the_o ethyopian_o objection_n objection_n there_o be_v less_o plenty_n of_o the_o watery_a humour_n by_o reason_n of_o that_o ambient_fw-la air_n exicate_v or_o dry_v up_o all_o thing_n in_o those_o of_o the_o north_n it_o be_v more_o abundant_a i_o answer_v that_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o ethiopian_n be_v black_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o paucity_n of_o their_o visive_a spirit_n for_o they_o be_v resolve_v and_o dissipate_v by_o the_o heat_n whereby_o it_o happen_v that_o solution_n solution_n the_o light_n of_o the_o spirit_n fail_v the_o eye_n appear_v as_o it_o be_v dark_a or_o overshadow_a but_o the_o northern_a people_n do_v abound_v with_o many_o spirit_n the_o intermediate_v colour_n do_v depend_v upon_o intermediate_v cause_n the_o second_o cause_n of_o the_o diversity_n of_o colour_n in_o the_o eye_n may_v be_v refer_v to_o the_o coat_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v vueam_n or_o the_o grapy_a coat_n for_o this_o only_a because_o it_o be_v diverse_o colour_v colour_n the_o second_o cause_n of_o the_o diversity_n of_o colour_n cause_v a_o variegated_a or_o diverse_a colour_a eye_n so_o in_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o eye_n which_o they_o call_v the_o iris_n or_o rainbow_n diverse_a colour_n do_v appear_v because_o in_o that_o part_n the_o grapy_a coat_n be_v diverse_a colour_v last_o we_o think_v that_o the_o visive_a spirit_n do_v also_o confer_v something_o to_o the_o variety_n of_o these_o colour_n for_o thin_a pure_a clear_a and_o copious_a spirit_n cause_n whiteness_n but_o crass_a impure_a cause_n the_o 3._o cause_n foggy_a and_o few_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o blackenes_n now_o that_o there_o be_v spirit_n in_o the_o eye_n may_v be_v manifest_a by_o these_o argument_n first_o because_o while_o the_o creature_n be_v a_o live_v the_o eye_n seem_v to_o be_v exceed_o stretch_v neither_o be_v any_o part_n thereof_o loose_a and_o corrugate_v and_o the_o one_o of_o they_o be_v shut_v the_o pupilla_fw-la or_o apple_n of_o the_o other_o be_v present_o dilate_v to_o wit_n because_o the_o spirit_n pass_v more_o plentiful_o through_o the_o netlike-coat_n into_o the_o grapy_a last_o because_o sometime_o the_o eye_n appear_v languide_v and_o obscure_v sometime_o cheerful_a and_o splendide_fw-la or_o bright_a qvest._n xxvi_o of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o their_o motion_n see_v the_o eye_n be_v as_o scoutwatche_n night_n and_o day_n watch_v for_o our_o good_a it_o be_v of_o necessity_n that_o they_o ought_v ready_o to_o be_v move_v every_o way_n that_o with_o facility_n they_o may_v be_v convert_v whither_o soever_o we_o will_v and_o to_o this_o motion_n a_o nerve_n of_o the_o second_o conjugation_n and_o six_o muscle_n do_v serve_v the_o first_o whereof_o lift_v up_o the_o second_o do_v depress_v the_o 3._o do_v draw_v forward_o the_o four_o draw_v backward_o and_o two_o do_v lead_v the_o eye_n about_o by_o all_o these_o perform_v their_o function_n together_o and_o stretch_v their_o fiber_n be_v the_o eye_n stay_v and_o fix_v for_o it_o be_v not_o as_o galen_n will_v have_v it_o and_o almost_o all_o anatomist_n follow_v his_o step_n establish_v or_o fix_v by_o a_o seven_o muscle_n compass_v the_o optic_a nerve_n because_o this_o muscle_n be_v only_o find_v in_o fourfooted_a beast_n which_o look_v prone_a towards_o the_o earth_n lest_o their_o eye_n shall_v fall_v out_o of_o their_o orb_n which_o muscle_n in_o a_o man_n be_v never_o to_o be_v find_v this_o motion_n whereby_o the_o eye_n be_v thus_o firm_v the_o physician_n call_v it_o tonicum_fw-la or_o a_o set_a motion_n and_o it_o be_v twofold_a the_o one_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o according_a to_o nature_n when_o the_o fibre_n of_o all_o the_o muscle_n be_v equal_o intend_v or_o stretch_v so_o that_o the_o muscle_n seem_v then_o to_o be_v at_o rest_n the_o other_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d beside_o nature_n when_o the_o eye_n remain_v fix_v &_o immovable_a whether_o we_o will_v or_o no._n which_o position_n hippocraetes_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr victus_fw-la ratione_fw-la in_o morbis_fw-la acutis_fw-la call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v a_o congelation_n and_o immobility_n or_o set_v and_o fix_v of_o the_o eye_n this_o fixednes_n or_o immobility_n happen_v when_o the_o faculty_n of_o the_o muscle_n which_o move_v the_o eye_n be_v resolve_v weaken_a or_o whole_o extinguish_v or_o because_o these_o muscle_n be_v all_o equal_o gather_v or_o contract_v into_o their_o head_n this_o posture_n of_o the_o eye_n they_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v a_o balance_v or_o equal_a fix_v of_o the_o eye_n which_o affect_v or_o disease_n be_v contrary_a to_o that_o they_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d where_o in_o the_o eye_n have_v a_o wander_a &_o unconstant_a stare_a as_o a_o horse_n look_v that_o be_v full_o feed_v whence_o also_o the_o disease_n take_v his_o name_n there_o be_v therefore_o only_o six_o muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n not_o seven_o and_o of_o these_o four_o have_v the_o government_n of_o the_o right_a motion_n two_o do_v oblique_o lead_v the_o eye_n about_o and_o thus_o may_v certain_a differ_v place_n in_o galen_n be_v reconcile_v for_o in_o his_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la he_o say_v that_o there_o be_v only_o four_o motion_n of_o the_o eye_n but_o in_o the_o four_o de_fw-fr locis_fw-la affectis_fw-la he_o determine_v that_o there_o be_v six_o concern_v the_o original_n of_o these_o muscle_n anatomist_n be_v not_o all_o of_o one_o mind_n some_o of_o they_o suppose_v that_o they_o spring_v from_o the_o hard_a meninx_n within_o the_o scull_n but_o we_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o four_o right_a muscle_n together_o with_o that_o oblique_a who_o tendon_n be_v compass_v about_o with_o the_o pulley_n do_v arise_v from_o that_o inside_n of_o the_o orb_n which_o be_v make_v by_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o wedge_n bone_n &_o this_o we_o be_v teach_v say_v my_o author_n both_o by_o experience_n &_o by_o autopsie_n or_o ocular_a inspection_n but_o from_o the_o membrane_n they_o neither_o ought_v nor_o can_v have_v their_o original_n they_o ought_v not_o because_o a_o membrane_n of_o a_o exquisite_a sense_n do_v compass_v the_o optic_a nerve_n and_o therefore_o the_o muscle_n in_o their_o motion_n will_v compress_v this_o nerve_n and_o so_o offer_v violence_n to_o the_o sight_n they_o can_v not_o because_o they_o shall_v not_o
arise_v from_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n and_o be_v call_v by_o galen_n organa_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d instrument_n of_o sense_n and_o voluntary_a motion_n because_o by_o they_o the_o animal_n faculty_n and_o those_o that_o move_v within_o that_o be_v the_o impetuous_a spirit_n be_v convey_v as_o it_o be_v by_o string_n or_o chord_n into_o the_o particular_a part_n avicen_n call_v they_o latores_fw-la cadger_n in_o our_o language_n of_o these_o hypocrates_n write_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la in_o homine_fw-la the_o whole_a body_n be_v full_a of_o nerve_n that_o be_v throughout_o the_o whole_a body_n the_o nerve_n do_v run_v from_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o spinall_n marrow_n and_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr art_n he_o call_v they_o meteor_n in_o the_o flesh_n because_o they_o be_v sprinkle_v through_o the_o flesh_n that_o be_v through_o the_o muscle_n galen_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr motu_fw-la musculorum_fw-la compare_v these_o three_o kind_n of_o nerve_n among_o themselves_o on_o this_o manner_n a_o ligament_n be_v insensible_a a_o voluntary_a nerve_n of_o most_o together_o compare_v together_o exquisite_a sense_n and_o a_o tendon_n of_o a_o middle_a nature_n not_o altogether_o insensible_a because_o it_o have_v some_o filament_n or_o string_n of_o nerve_n therein_o neither_o yet_o of_o so_o quick_a a_o sense_n as_o be_v a_o nerve_n there_o be_v also_o many_o other_o part_n in_o the_o body_n which_o because_o of_o the_o similitude_n betwixt_o they_o and_o nerve_n be_v call_v nervous_a although_o they_o can_v be_v refer_v to_o any_o of_o these_o three_o kind_n so_o we_o say_v the_o womb_n the_o bladder_n and_o the_o gut_n be_v nervous_a as_o also_o the_o ureter_n the_o passage_n of_o the_o choler_n and_o the_o eiaculatory_a vessel_n in_o this_o place_n we_o take_v the_o anerue_v the_o description_n of_o anerue_v name_n of_o a_o nerve_n proper_o for_o a_o organ_n by_o which_o the_o animal_n spirit_n and_o the_o faculty_n flow_v into_o the_o whole_a body_n the_o nature_n of_o this_o organ_n may_v thus_o be_v describe_v it_o be_v a_o common_a instrument_n of_o the_o body_n like_o a_o chord_n white_a round_a and_o long_o without_o any_o cavity_n which_o our_o sense_n can_v discern_v unless_o it_o be_v the_o opticke_n but_o porous_a in_o some_o unite_a in_o the_o great_a nerve_n make_v up_o of_o many_o small_a string_n &_o carry_v as_o a_o canale_n and_o motion_n which_o be_v conduct_v by_o the_o animal_n spirit_n from_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o marrow_n thereof_o unto_o those_o part_n of_o the_o body_n which_o be_v capable_a of_o sense_n and_o motion_n their_o substance_n be_v white_a and_o marrowy_a much_o like_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n from_o which_o substance_n their_o substance_n they_o take_v their_o original_n for_o i_o account_v the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o back_n to_o be_v of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o substance_n but_o more_o compact_a and_o fast_o for_o it_o be_v necessary_a the_o brain_n shall_v be_v very_o soft_a because_o it_o be_v to_o receive_v the_o species_n or_o form_n of_o sensible_a thing_n so_o that_o by_o how_o much_o the_o nerve_n descend_v low_a or_o be_v more_o separate_v from_o the_o brain_n by_o so_o much_o do_v it_o become_v the_o hard_a that_o it_o may_v be_v better_a able_a to_o endure_v outward_a injury_n they_o be_v invest_v with_o a_o double_a membrane_n produce_v from_o the_o two_o meninge_n or_o membrane_n membrane_n membrane_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o utter_a whereof_o be_v the_o thick_a produce_v from_o the_o dura_fw-la mater_fw-la who_o office_n be_v to_o safeguard_n and_o defend_v the_o marrow_n of_o the_o nerve_n and_o if_o it_o consist_v of_o many_o small_a chord_n or_o thread_n it_o join_v they_o altogether_o and_o when_o it_o have_v encompass_v they_o about_o it_o receive_v into_o it_o branch_n from_o the_o neighbour-veine_n the_o inner_a membrane_n be_v thin_a by_o much_o and_o lie_v next_o unto_o the_o marrow_n or_o substance_n of_o the_o nerve_n it_o arise_v from_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la and_o have_v the_o exquisite_a sense_n of_o touch_v which_o say_v fernelius_n it_o communicate_v to_o the_o part_n whereinto_o the_o nerve_n be_v insert_v fernelius_n fernelius_n for_o as_o the_o brain_n be_v cover_v with_o these_o two_o membrane_n so_o also_o be_v the_o nerve_n throughout_o the_o whole_a body_n a_o nerve_n be_v nothing_o else_o indeed_o but_o a_o production_n of_o the_o brain_n but_o this_o threefold_a substance_n of_o a_o nerve_n as_o falopius_n have_v it_o in_o his_o observation_n and_o out_o of_o he_o bauhine_v may_v better_o be_v distinguish_v by_o reason_n then_o by_o sense_n for_o anatomy_n be_v not_o able_a to_o show_v the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o hard_a and_o soft_a membrane_n of_o any_o nerve_n except_o it_o be_v the_o opticke_n the_o substance_n which_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n or_o in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o nerve_n be_v the_o principal_a part_n thereof_o and_o perform_v the_o action_n for_o the_o sensative_a and_o motive_n faculty_n be_v convey_v from_o the_o brain_n unto_o the_o part_n not_o by_o the_o coat_n but_o by_o the_o marrow_n hence_o it_o be_v say_v part_n which_o be_v their_o chief_a part_n galen_n that_o if_o you_o cut_v asunder_o the_o marrow_n of_o a_o nerve_n present_o the_o part_n into_o which_o that_o nerve_n be_v insert_v be_v deprive_v of_o sense_n and_o motion_n as_o for_o the_o membrane_n they_o do_v the_o same_o office_n unto_o the_o nerve_n which_o they_o do_v to_o the_o brain_n for_o the_o nerve_n be_v not_o proper_o the_o instrument_n of_o sense_n and_o motion_n for_o the_o immediate_a organ_n of_o motion_n be_v a_o muscle_n but_o they_o be_v like_o pipe_n by_o which_o the_o whole_a sensative_a soul_n and_o the_o faculty_n thereof_o both_o of_o sense_n and_o motion_n be_v lead_v by_o the_o guidance_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n from_o the_o brain_n unto_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n as_o they_o stand_v in_o need_n either_o of_o sense_n and_o motion_n or_o therefore_o the_o physician_n do_v use_v to_o call_v they_o the_o organ_n of_o sense_n and_o motion_n for_o they_o communicate_v unto_o those_o part_n into_o which_o they_o be_v insert_v either_o sense_n alone_o or_o only_a motion_n or_o both_o together_o for_o no_o part_n have_v sense_n or_o voluntary_a motion_n without_o a_o nerve_n &_o if_o the_o nerve_n that_o belong_v to_o any_o part_n be_v compress_v or_o intercept_v or_o cut_v asunder_o or_o corrupt_v the_o sense_n and_o motion_n of_o that_o part_n do_v sudden_o perish_v hence_o it_o be_v as_o aristotle_n also_o remember_v in_o his_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr historia_fw-la animalium_fw-la that_o sense_n how_o a_o nerve_n be_v the_o organ_n of_o sense_n no_o part_n of_o the_o body_n have_v any_o stupor_n or_o dulness_n any_o palsy_n or_o resolution_n any_o spasme_n or_o convulsion_n that_o have_v not_o a_o nerve_n in_o it_o now_o stupor_n be_v a_o diminution_n of_o sense_n the_o palsy_n a_o privation_n of_o sense_n and_o motion_n and_o a_o convulsion_n be_v a_o motion_n involuntary_a or_o against_o our_o will_n galen_n in_o the_o three_o and_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o sixteenth_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la say_v that_o nerve_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o softness_n or_o hardress_n of_o a_o nerve_n those_o nerve_n which_o be_v make_v for_o voluntary_a motion_n be_v hard_a and_o those_o that_o be_v make_v for_o sense_n be_v soft_a and_o that_o the_o soft_a nerve_n do_v make_v for_o sensation_n and_o the_o hard_a for_o motion_n nay_o he_o go_v further_a in_o the_o eight_o chapter_n of_o his_o 7_o book_n de_fw-fr administrationib_fw-la anatom_n and_o affirm_v that_o the_o soft_a nerve_n be_v only_o fit_a for_o sense_n but_o unfit_a for_o motion_n some_o again_o conceive_v and_o not_o without_o great_a reason_n that_o the_o softness_n or_o hardness_n of_o a_o nerve_n be_v diverse_o occasion_v first_o from_o the_o substance_n whereout_o they_o issue_n and_o so_o the_o first_o nerve_n which_o be_v say_v to_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o soft_a those_o hard_a that_o arise_v from_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n and_o those_o hard_a of_o all_o which_o arise_v from_o the_o marrow_n contain_v in_o the_o rackebone_n of_o the_o loin_n and_o the_o holybone_n second_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o production_n so_o those_o nerve_n be_v soft_a which_o run_v but_o a_o little_a way_n as_o if_o their_o journey_n be_v not_o out_o of_o the_o skull_n whereas_o those_o that_o be_v lead_v further_o off_o as_o unto_o the_o muscle_n be_v hard_a than_o they_o be_v at_o their_o original_a in_o like_a manner_n those_o that_o run_v anfractuous_o that_o be_v with_o turn_n and_o wind_n be_v very_o hard_a as_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o three_o pair_n of_o the_o brain_n again_o those_o be_v hard_o which_o pâ—sse_n through_o a_o
hard_a body_n as_o that_o surcle_n of_o the_o five_o conjugation_n which_o creep_v through_o the_o hole_n opinion_n galens_n opinion_n of_o the_o temple-bone_n which_o the_o ancient_n call_v coecum_fw-la or_o the_o blinde-hole_n be_v make_v hard_a by_o the_o contaction_n of_o the_o bone_n than_o his_o beginning_n be_v galen_n attribute_v the_o cause_n of_o hardness_n and_o softness_n to_o the_o counsel_n of_o nature_n because_o say_v he_o the_o instrument_n of_o sense_n need_v a_o soft_a nerve_n a_o nerve_n as_o a_o canale_n to_o lead_v along_o the_o animal_n and_o sensative_a spirit_n and_o a_o soft_a nerve_n because_o it_o be_v to_o be_v affect_v and_o to_o suffer_v somewhat_o from_o the_o sensible_a object_n apply_v unto_o it_o from_o without_o now_o because_o that_o which_o be_v soft_a be_v fit_a for_o passion_n that_o which_o be_v hard_a for_o action_n therefore_o say_v he_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o sense_n shall_v have_v soft_a nerve_n communicate_v unto_o they_o and_o the_o part_n which_o be_v to_o be_v move_v by_o voluntary_a motion_n shall_v have_v hard_a nerve_n and_o this_o he_o proove_v because_o unto_o those_o instrument_n of_o sense_n which_o have_v not_o only_a sensation_n but_o motion_n there_o be_v a_o double_a kind_n of_o nerve_n communicate_v one_o for_o sense_n anotehr_fw-ge for_fw-mi motion_n as_o we_o see_v in_o the_o eye_n unto_o which_o the_o first_o conjugation_n be_v allow_v for_o sense_n and_o the_o second_o for_o motion_n so_o in_o the_o tongue_n which_o receive_v the_o three_o and_o four_o coniugation_n so_o anatomist_n do_v usual_o distinguish_v they_o for_o taste_v and_o the_o seven_o for_o motion_n by_o the_o way_n hence_o it_o appear_v that_o nerve_n beside_o their_o use_n have_v also_o a_o animal_n action_n reason_n bauhine_v opinion_n his_o reason_n because_o they_o be_v affect_v by_o the_o object_n and_o therefore_o the_o soft_a nerve_n be_v fit_a for_o sense_n and_o the_o hard_a for_o motion_n notwithstanding_o all_o this_o say_v bauhine_v yet_o we_o conceive_v that_o the_o nerve_n of_o their_o own_o nature_n be_v indifferent_o dispose_v both_o to_o sense_n and_o to_o motion_n so_o that_o they_o may_v be_v call_v sentientes_fw-la or_o motores_fw-la perceiver_n or_o mover_n from_o the_o instrument_n or_o part_n unto_o which_o they_o be_v conduct_v and_o in_o which_o they_o be_v disseminated_a for_o if_o they_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o instrument_n of_o motion_n that_o be_v into_o the_o muscle_n then_o be_v they_o call_v motorij_fw-la or_o move_a nerve_n if_o into_o the_o instrument_n of_o sense_n then_o be_v they_o call_v sensorij_fw-la or_o perceive_v nerve_n yea_o we_o see_v that_o one_o and_o the_o same_o nerve_n do_v convey_v instance_n a_o instance_n motion_n and_o sense_n according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o the_o instrument_n for_o example_n the_o seven_o conjugation_n of_o the_o brain_n convey_v unto_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o bowel_n which_o be_v in_o the_o middle_n and_o low_a belly_n the_o sense_n of_o touch_v and_o yet_o the_o same_o pair_n be_v on_o either_o side_n reflect_v make_v the_o recurrent_a nerve_n which_o distribute_v surcle_n into_o every_o muscle_n of_o the_o larynx_n or_o throttle_v to_o move_v the_o same_o and_o if_o the_o same_o nerve_n shall_v meet_v with_o the_o instrument_n of_o see_v of_o hear_v and_o of_o taste_v the_o same_o perceive_v &_o move_v nerve_n will_v also_o become_v see_v hear_v and_o taste_v nerve_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o nerve_n which_o be_v convey_v to_o the_o muscle_n to_o afford_v unto_o they_o voluntary_a motion_n do_v together_o with_o that_o power_n afford_v unto_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o muscle_n into_o which_o their_o fibre_n do_v determine_v the_o sense_n of_o touch_v and_o so_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o the_o nerve_n the_o brain_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o every_o part_n of_o the_o body_n because_o the_o animal_n faculty_n which_o be_v seat_v only_o in_o the_o brain_n do_v notwithstanding_o transfuse_v itself_o through_o the_o nerve_n although_o out_o of_o that_o which_o have_v be_v say_v we_o may_v easy_o collect_v the_o use_n of_o the_o nerve_n yet_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o remember_v that_o galen_n in_o the_o nine_o chapter_n of_o his_o five_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la and_o out_o of_o he_o vesalius_n in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o his_o four_o book_n make_v a_o threefold_a nerve_n the_o use_n of_o the_o nerve_n use_n of_o they_o the_o first_o to_o convey_v sense_n unto_o the_o instrument_n of_o sensation_n to_o the_o eye_n to_o the_o tongue_n to_o the_o ear_n and_o beside_o these_o to_o the_o palm_n of_o the_o hand_n and_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o finger_n yea_o to_o the_o uppermost_a mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n also_o for_o these_o after_o a_o sense_n be_v organ_n of_o sensation_n for_o the_o best_a judge_n by_o touch_v be_v the_o hand_n and_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n have_v a_o exquisite_a sense_n of_o the_o want_n of_o aliment_n which_o we_o common_o call_v hunger_n the_o second_o use_n be_v to_o afford_v motion_n to_o the_o movable_a part_n so_o the_o muscle_n which_o be_v the_o instrument_n of_o voluntary_a motion_n have_v nerve_n convey_v unto_o they_o and_o because_o they_o be_v make_v to_o move_v the_o whole_a member_n therefore_o their_o nerve_n be_v great_a and_o large_a and_o because_o the_o same_o muscle_n stand_v in_o need_n of_o the_o faculty_n of_o discern_v tactile_a quality_n for_o the_o security_n and_o preservation_n of_o our_o life_n therefore_o also_o they_o have_v nerve_n by_o which_o nerve_n they_o have_v this_o faculty_n of_o sensation_n the_o three_o use_n be_v that_o for_o which_o all_o other_o part_n have_v nerve_n to_o wit_n that_o they_o may_v perceive_v those_o thing_n which_o will_v be_v grecuous_a unto_o they_o although_o this_o use_n may_v well_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o former_a for_o so_o wise_a so_o just_a so_o skilful_a be_v nature_n say_v hypocrates_n we_o say_v the_o great_a god_n of_o nature_n and_o so_o provident_a for_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o creature_n that_o she_o have_v distribute_v nerve_n to_o all_o the_o part_n although_o not_o in_o the_o same_o measure_n but_o to_o some_o more_o liberal_o to_o other_o with_o a_o strait_a hand_n and_o that_o according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o their_o magnitude_n of_o the_o dignity_n of_o their_o action_n of_o the_o intention_n or_o remission_n of_o their_o motion_n of_o the_o assiduity_n or_o intermission_n of_o their_o use_n so_o make_v a_o exquisite_a estimate_n of_o the_o need_n of_o the_o dignity_n and_o of_o the_o use_n of_o every_o part_n to_o some_o she_o have_v allow_v great_a nerve_n to_o some_o lesser_a but_o to_o every_o one_o that_o be_v fit_a for_o it_o for_o there_o be_v great_a difference_n betwixt_o the_o magnitude_n of_o nerve_n the_o thick_a be_v those_o which_o be_v distribute_v unto_o the_o remore_a place_n and_o into_o the_o most_o part_n such_o be_v they_o that_o nerus_fw-la the_o magnitude_n of_o nerus_fw-la be_v send_v unto_o the_o joint_n which_o because_o they_o need_v great_a abundance_n of_o spirit_n have_v a_o great_a proportion_n of_o original_n of_o sinew_n grant_v they_o out_o of_o the_o stock_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n which_o be_v in_o the_o rackbone_n of_o the_o neck_n and_o of_o the_o loin_n that_o from_o their_o marrow_n they_o may_v receive_v a_o competency_n of_o spirit_n as_o it_o be_v by_o many_o root_n which_o yet_o be_v gather_v together_o do_v make_v one_o thick_a nerve_n but_o be_v again_o though_o almost_o insensible_o distribute_v into_o lesser_a branch_n those_o nerve_n be_v mean_o which_o be_v convey_v to_o the_o organ_n of_o the_o sense_n in_o the_o head_n for_o be_v near_o unto_o the_o brain_n and_o very_a soft_a they_o can_v not_o be_v very_o small_a those_o nerve_n be_v small_a which_o be_v distribute_v into_o the_o next_o part_n as_o into_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o face_n we_o will_v also_o say_v something_o concern_v the_o original_n of_o nerve_n the_o original_n of_o the_o nerve_n be_v not_o from_o the_o heart_n though_o aristotle_n so_o conceive_v in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o three_o buoke_v de_fw-fr historia_fw-la animali_fw-la and_o in_o the_o four_o of_o his_o three_o de_fw-la partibus_fw-la original_n their_o original_n animalium_fw-la for_o in_o dissection_n we_o meet_v with_o no_o nerve_n produce_v therefrom_o and_o those_o that_o be_v lead_v unto_o it_o from_o the_o sixth_o conjugation_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v so_o small_a that_o vesalius_n witness_v that_o he_o can_v find_v but_o one_o and_o that_o with_o great_a difficulty_n neither_o have_v they_o their_o original_n as_o erasistratus_n think_v in_o his_o youth_n out_o of_o the_o dura_n mater_fw-la or_o thick_a membrane_n of_o the_o brain_n as_o their_o substance_n
connexion_n of_o these_o coniugation_n the_o second_o the_o second_o with_o the_o three_o the_o three_o with_o the_o four_o the_o four_o with_o the_o five_o as_o it_o be_v demonstrate_v in_o the_o first_o figure_n of_o the_o 23_o table_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n altogether_o as_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o arm_n be_v implicate_v one_o within_o another_o chap._n xxix_o of_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o holybone_n out_o of_o the_o marrow_n conclude_v within_o the_o rack_n of_o the_o holybone_n do_v issue_n six_o coniugation_n of_o nerve_n galen_n reckon_v three_o of_o the_o holybone_n and_o holybone_n six_o coniugation_n of_o the_o holybone_n three_o of_o the_o rumpe-bone_n but_o vesalius_n and_o columbus_n do_v herein_o reproove_v galen_n with_o what_o evidence_n of_o truth_n i_o can_v say_v it_o appear_v manifest_o that_o he_o be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o these_o bone_n even_o in_o the_o body_n of_o man_n the_o first_o conjugation_n tab._n 23._o char_n 25_o yssu_v betwixt_o the_o last_o rackebone_n of_o the_o first_o the_o first_o loin_n and_o the_o first_o of_o the_o holybone_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o coniugation_n of_o the_o loin_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o a_o anterior_a and_o a_o posterior_n branch_n the_o anterior_a branch_n although_o the_o great_a part_n thereof_o be_v mix_v with_o the_o nerve_n which_o be_v convey_v unto_o the_o leg_n yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o send_v a_o propagation_n table_n 23._o char_n 53_o unto_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o hanchbone_n from_o whence_o surcle_n be_v offer_v to_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la and_o the_o seven_o muscle_n of_o the_o thigh_n which_o be_v call_v iliacus_n internus_fw-la the_o posterior_n branch_n run_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o do_v the_o other_o coniugation_n and_o shoot_v a_o propagation_n tab._n 24._o char_n 54_o into_o the_o muscle_n produce_v from_o the_o haunchbone_n especial_o into_o the_o first_o mover_n of_o the_o thigh_n from_o whence_o issue_n surcle_v consume_v into_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o buttock_n the_o five_o subsequent_a coniugation_n tab._n 23._o from_o char_n 26_o to_o 30_o be_v produce_v after_o one_o and_o the_o same_o manner_n for_o before_o their_o egress_n they_o be_v on_o both_o side_n double_a and_o on_o last_o the_o five_o last_o either_o side_n one_o nerve_n fall_v forward_o and_o on_o either_o side_n one_o nerve_n backward_o the_o three_o upper_a anterior_n or_o forward_a nerve_n as_o also_o that_o of_o the_o first_o conjugation_n do_v run_v unto_o the_o leg_n the_o two_o low_a unto_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o fundament_n and_o the_o bladder_n haply_o also_o to_o the_o privy_a part_n in_o some_o body_n unto_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o womb_n of_o the_o bladder_n and_o of_o branch_n their_o anterior_a branch_n the_o yard_n final_o other_o be_v convey_v unto_o the_o perinaeum_fw-la that_o be_v the_o place_n betwixt_o the_o cod_n and_o the_o fundament_n and_o unto_o the_o cod_n themselves_o the_o posterior_n branch_n tab._n 24._o char_n 54_o 55_o be_v distribute_v into_o the_o muscle_n which_o take_v up_o the_o posterior_n part_n of_o the_o haunch_n and_o holy_a bone_n into_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o back_n call_v branch_n their_o posterior_n branch_n longissimus_fw-la into_o that_o which_o be_v call_v sacer_n or_o the_o holy_a muscle_n into_o the_o membranous_a beginning_n of_o the_o broad_a muscle_n of_o the_o arm_n and_o the_o sixth_o of_o the_o chest_n call_v sacrolumbus_n final_o into_o the_o four_o extender_n of_o the_o thigh_n and_o into_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o buttock_n but_o the_o termination_n or_o end_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n tab._n 23_o and_o 24._o ch_z 56_o yssue_v out_o of_o the_o holybone_n do_v on_o either_o side_n part_n with_o a_o propagation_n which_o sometime_o be_v distribute_v into_o many_o surcle_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o on_o the_o left_a which_o be_v disseminated_a through_o the_o four_o muscle_n of_o the_o thigh_n through_o the_o skin_n which_o be_v betwixt_o the_o buttock_n even_o unto_o the_o fundament_n yet_o some_o say_v that_o it_o be_v distribute_v as_o other_o nerve_n be_v and_o call_v it_o nâ—ruum_fw-la sine_fw-la coniuge_fw-la the_o nerve_n without_o a_o companion_n and_o thus_o it_o be_v in_o man_n but_o in_o ape_n &_o dog_n there_o be_v three_o coniugation_n of_o which_o the_o two_o low_a only_o be_v produce_v forward_o and_o backward_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o coniugation_n issue_n out_o at_o the_o side_n of_o the_o rump_n bone_n as_o they_o do_v out_o of_o the_o rackbone_n of_o the_o chest_n and_o of_o the_o loin_n from_o this_o history_n of_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n we_o conclude_v that_o it_o have_v thirty_o all_o the_o sum_n of_o all_o coniugation_n or_o pair_n of_o nerve_n seven_o of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o neck_n twelve_o of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o back_n or_o of_o the_o chest_n five_o of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o loin_n six_o of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o holybone_n and_o all_o these_o with_o their_o several_a original_n place_n of_o egress_n and_o distribution_n not_o only_o physician_n but_o surgeon_n also_o ought_v necessary_o to_o know_v that_o they_o may_v surgeon_n how_o necessary_a the_o knowledge_n of_o this_o be_v for_o surgeon_n be_v able_a to_o apply_v their_o unguent_n and_o cataplasm_n unto_o the_o right_a place_n of_o the_o spin_v or_o ridge_n when_o either_o the_o noll_n or_o the_o face_n or_o the_o neck_n or_o the_o hand_n or_o the_o part_n of_o the_o chest_n or_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la or_o the_o womb_n or_o bladder_n or_o the_o fundament_n or_o the_o yard_n or_o the_o leg_n shall_v be_v deprive_v of_o motion_n or_o sense_n or_o both_o together_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o nerve_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n and_o the_o part_n thereof_o chap._n xxx_o of_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o hand_n in_o the_o large_a acception_n the_o hand_n be_v the_o instrument_n of_o instrument_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o instrument_n of_o the_o mind_n or_o soul_n whereby_o she_o frame_v and_o fashion_v all_o instrument_n hand_n the_o hand_n which_o consist_v of_o any_o matter_n whatsoever_o or_o have_v respect_n unto_o any_o commodity_n or_o profit_n of_o man_n and_o therefore_o that_o it_o may_v more_o free_o do_v the_o service_n it_o be_v ordain_v for_o it_o have_v in_o allowance_n not_o only_a muscle_n the_o instrument_n of_o voluntary_a motion_n and_o vein_n which_o convey_v blood_n and_o nourishment_n unto_o it_o and_o artery_n to_o give_v it_o vigour_n and_o vivacity_n but_o also_o it_o have_v nerve_n as_o well_o to_o convey_v the_o motive_n virtue_n unto_o the_o muscle_n as_o also_o to_o furnish_v it_o with_o the_o most_o exact_a sense_n of_o touch_v there_o be_v sinew_n have_v 5_o pair_n of_o sinew_n therefore_o dispose_v unto_o the_o hand_n sometime_o five_o pair_n of_o sinew_n sometime_o six_o arise_v from_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n contain_v in_o the_o rackebone_n of_o the_o neck_n and_o chest_n that_o be_v to_o say_v out_o of_o the_o five_o sixth_o and_o seven_o of_o the_o neck_n and_o the_o first_o and_o second_o rack_n of_o the_o chest_n these_o nerve_n do_v issue_n out_o of_o the_o common_a perforation_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a rackbone_n and_o present_o after_o their_o egress_n be_v unite_v at_o the_o side_n of_o the_o spondil_n afterward_o they_o be_v separate_v again_o conjoin_v and_o final_o separate_v so_o seem_v to_o make_v the_o meish_a of_o a_o net_n tab_v 25_o fig._n 3_o or_o say_v columbus_n and_o that_o out_o of_o vesalius_n it_o be_v like_o the_o string_n of_o a_o cardinal_n hat_n this_o implication_n be_v make_v for_o more_o security_n that_o the_o nerve_n which_o be_v to_o walk_v a_o long_a journey_n may_v become_v hard_a and_o so_o strong_a to_o propulse_v or_o endure_v any_o injury_n that_o may_v be_v offer_v unto_o they_o these_o nerve_n run_v under_o the_o clavicle_n or_o cannell_n bone_n unto_o the_o inner_a process_n of_o the_o shoulder_n why_o wound_n about_o the_o clavicles_a be_v dangerous_a and_o the_o luxation_n of_o the_o shoulder_n shoulderblade_n where_o the_o basilica_n vein_n and_o the_o axillary_a artery_n keep_v their_o way_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o wound_n in_o this_o place_n be_v so_o very_o dangerous_a and_o luxation_n of_o the_o shoulder_n do_v easy_o bring_v a_o consumption_n upon_o the_o patient_n from_o this_o foresaid_a implication_n or_o complication_n of_o the_o sinew_n do_v the_o nerve_n of_o the_o hand_n or_o of_o the_o arm_n arise_v and_o creep_v betwixt_o the_o skin_n and_o the_o fleshy_a membrane_n deep_o drench_v in_o fat_a in_o the_o body_n of_o man_n and_o by_o their_o mediation_n that_o fleshy_a membrane_n be_v indissolueble_o fasten_v to_o the_o skin_n but_o they_o do_v not_o always_o retain_v the_o same_o magnitude_n position_n and_o number_n always_o they_o be_v distribute_v into_o many_o
as_o be_v the_o womb_n the_o bladder_n the_o stomach_n the_o gut_n and_o such_o like_a which_o make_v a_o part_n of_o themselves_o and_o wherein_o all_o the_o three_o sort_n of_o fibre_n do_v appear_v that_o it_o be_v cold_a and_o dry_a galen_n teach_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr temperamentis_fw-la but_o yet_o it_o be_v less_o cold_a and_o dry_a then_o a_o tendon_n a_o ligament_n a_o gristle_n or_o a_o bone_n but_o more_o cold_a and_o dry_a then_o artery_n vein_n and_o sinew_n the_o matter_n of_o membrane_n be_v the_o slimy_a part_n of_o the_o seed_n which_o by_o the_o power_n of_o heat_n be_v stretch_v or_o distend_v whence_o it_o be_v that_o a_o membrane_n may_v easy_o be_v dilate_v or_o compress_v without_o danger_n only_o the_o membrane_n say_v galen_n may_v be_v safe_o distend_v and_o contract_v and_o therefore_o all_o part_n which_o be_v to_o be_v distend_v and_o contract_v be_v make_v membranous_a a_o membrane_n be_v broad_a and_o extensible_a to_o invest_v &_o preserve_v the_o part_n sight_n and_o fast_o for_o strength_n and_o beside_o that_o it_o may_v not_o so_o easy_o receive_v a_o influxion_n of_o humour_n yet_o thin_a lest_o the_o weight_n of_o it_o shall_v be_v offensive_a notwithstanding_o though_o it_o be_v thin_a and_o appear_v simple_a yet_o every_o membrane_n be_v double_a through_o which_o duplicature_n there_o run_v vein_n for_o nourishment_n artery_n to_o convey_v life_n and_o nerve_n to_o convey_v sense_n which_o vessel_n be_v slender_a and_o fine_a it_o be_v fit_v it_o shall_v be_v convey_v betwixt_o two_o coat_n the_o common_a office_n of_o a_o membrane_n be_v to_o be_v the_o organ_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o touch_v as_o the_o touch_v the_o organ_n of_o touch_v eye_n be_v the_o organ_n of_o see_v and_o therefore_o the_o sense_n of_o a_o membrane_n be_v most_o exquisite_a a_o nerve_n be_v indeed_o the_o conveyer_n of_o the_o spirit_n and_o carry_v down_o the_o commandment_n of_o the_o soul_n but_o as_o in_o a_o muscle_n it_o be_v not_o the_o primary_n organ_n of_o motion_n as_o in_o the_o eye_n it_o receive_v not_o visible_a object_n so_o it_o do_v not_o receive_v the_o first_o tactive_a quality_n only_o the_o membrane_n be_v it_o which_o we_o must_v esteem_v the_o organ_n of_o touch_v and_o if_o you_o despoil_v the_o part_n of_o their_o membrane_n you_o make_v they_o also_o insensible_a hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o flesh_n of_o the_o lung_n of_o the_o liver_n of_o the_o spleen_n and_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bowel_n be_v insensible_a as_o therefore_o the_o sense_n of_o touch_v be_v diffuse_v throughout_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o creature_n because_o it_o be_v every_o where_o necessary_a so_o likewise_o be_v there_o membrane_n sprinkle_v through_o the_o whole_a body_n almost_o internal_o and_o external_o on_o the_o outside_n the_o body_n be_v invest_v with_o the_o skin_n and_o the_o fleshy_a membrane_n on_o the_o inside_n the_o peculiar_a membrane_n be_v almost_o infinite_a if_o it_o be_v object_v out_o of_o galen_n in_o art_n medicinali_fw-la that_o membrane_n have_v only_o inbred_a objection_n objection_n not_o influent_a faculty_n such_o as_o be_v sense_n we_o answer_v with_o the_o reconciler_n that_o galen_n then_o speak_v of_o membranous_a and_o broad_a ligament_n which_o issue_n from_o the_o bone_n the_o three_o last_o particle_n of_o the_o definition_n do_v elegant_o express_v the_o three_o principal_a use_n of_o membrane_n they_o invest_v the_o part_n under_o they_o like_o a_o cover_n whence_o they_o have_v expound_v galen_n expound_v the_o name_n of_o coat_n they_o conserve_v the_o fibre_n to_o make_v the_o flesh_n more_o firm_a and_o stable_a they_o contain_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o part_n and_o enclose_v it_o round_o about_o least_o it_o shall_v dissolve_v and_o separate_v part_n from_o part_n moreover_o they_o fasten_v one_o part_n to_o another_o from_z whence_o proceed_v the_o admirable_a membrane_n the_o use_n of_o membrane_n sympathy_n or_o society_n of_o the_o part_n so_o by_o the_o periostia_fw-la the_o bone_n be_v all_o continuate_v one_o to_o another_o by_o their_o common_a membrane_n all_o the_o muscle_n be_v unite_v by_o the_o skin_n the_o whole_a body_n have_v his_o connexion_n though_o it_o be_v diverse_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o structure_n of_o part_n which_o be_v of_o diverse_a kind_n final_o by_o the_o help_n of_o membrane_n part_n be_v separate_v from_o part_n as_o we_o may_v perceive_v in_o our_o section_n of_o muscle_n there_o be_v other_o peculiar_a use_n of_o membrane_n to_o sustain_v part_n as_o appear_v in_o the_o mediastinum_fw-la to_o hinder_v the_o refluence_n of_o humour_n as_o the_o value_n that_o be_v in_o the_o heart_n in_o the_o great_a vein_n and_o such_o like_a place_n and_o to_o lead_v along_o and_o establish_v the_o vessel_n that_o be_v to_o be_v distribute_v into_o other_o part_n as_o into_o the_o mesentery_n the_o kel_n &_o the_o fleshy_a membrane_n the_o difference_n of_o membrane_n be_v manifold_a and_o be_v take_v from_o their_o substance_n magnitude_n first_o the_o difference_n of_o membrane_n the_o first_o site_n figure_n conformation_n or_o texture_n and_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o part_n which_o they_o invest_v or_o contain_v if_o you_o regard_v the_o substance_n which_o be_v the_o mansion-house_n and_o ancient_a seat_n of_o the_o determinate_a and_o particular_a faculty_n than_o we_o say_v that_o membrane_n be_v either_o lawful_a and_o true_a or_o illegitimate_a those_o be_v true_a membrane_n to_o which_o the_o definition_n before_o give_v will_v agree_v such_o be_v the_o membrane_n or_o meninge_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o peritonaeum_fw-la the_o pleura_fw-la the_o periostium_fw-la and_o such_o like_a illegitimate_a membrane_n may_v more_o true_o be_v call_v membranous_a body_n of_o these_o there_o be_v three_o kind_n some_o arise_v from_o the_o bone_n be_v broad_a and_o insensible_a and_o fasten_v the_o joint_n together_o such_o be_v call_v ligamentall_a membrane_n or_o membranous_a ligament_n other_o be_v make_v of_o the_o tendon_n of_o muscle_n dilate_v and_o so_o become_v more_o like_o a_o membrane_n than_o a_o tendon_n such_o be_v the_o thin_a end_n of_o the_o oblique_a and_o transuerse_a muscle_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la also_o the_o tendon_n of_o the_o muscle_n that_o lead_v the_o leg_n backward_o which_o they_o common_o call_v fasciam_fw-la latam_fw-la the_o broad_a swath_n to_o the_o three_o kind_n i_o refer_v those_o membranous_a body_n which_o make_v part_n by_o themselves_o which_o although_o they_o be_v invest_v with_o coat_n yet_o be_v altogether_o make_v of_o membranous_a body_n such_o be_v the_o bladder_n of_o urine_n and_o gall_n the_o stomach_n the_o gut_n and_o the_o womb_n again_o those_o membrane_n which_o i_o call_v legitimate_a be_v either_o of_o a_o thin_a or_o slender_a substance_n like_a unto_o broad_a cobweb_n such_o as_o appear_v in_o that_o membrane_n or_o coat_n of_o the_o eye_n that_o compass_v the_o cristaline_a humour_n call_v arachnoide_n or_o the_o cobweb_n coat_n likewise_o in_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la of_o the_o brain_n and_o in_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o lung_n and_o the_o liver_n or_o they_o be_v thick_a as_o the_o dura_n mater_fw-la and_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o bladder_n or_o they_o be_v fleshy_a as_o in_o the_o face_n or_o altogether_o nervous_a from_o the_o magnitude_n some_o membrane_n be_v broad_a and_o some_o be_v long_o the_o figure_n &c_n the_o second_o &c_n &c_n of_o membrane_n be_v manifold_a according_a to_o the_o variety_n of_o the_o part_n which_o they_o do_v invest_v from_o the_o situation_n some_o be_v internal_a some_o be_v external_a some_o supernal_a some_o infernal_a from_o the_o context_n or_o conformation_n some_o have_v fibre_n of_o all_o three_o kind_n some_o of_o two_o kind_n some_o of_o one_o kind_n only_o other_o be_v without_o fibre_n and_o may_v be_v tear_v every_o way_n as_o paper_n may_v and_o so_o much_o of_o membrane_n in_o general_a of_o their_o nature_n use_n and_o difference_n now_o we_o come_v unto_o their_o history_n chap._n xiii_o abriefe_n enumeration_n of_o all_o the_o membrane_n the_o number_n of_o membrane_n be_v almost_o infinite_a and_o we_o have_v handle_v many_o of_o they_o before_o as_o they_o fall_v in_o our_o way_n in_o the_o order_n of_o dissection_n now_o we_o will_v gather_v they_o into_o a_o brief_a sum_n the_o membrane_n therefore_o do_v some_o belong_v to_o the_o embryo_n or_o infant_n before_o it_o be_v bear_v other_o to_o the_o creature_n after_o it_o be_v bear_v also_o the_o membrane_n embryo_n the_o membrane_n of_o the_o embryo_n that_o involve_v the_o infant_n be_v three_o call_v chorion_n amnios_n and_o allantoide_n the_o chorion_n be_v so_o call_v either_o because_o it_o contain_v the_o infant_n or_o because_o it_o compass_v it_o like_o a_o circle_n or_o a_o crown_n it_o cleave_v whole_o to_o the_o womb_n by_o the_o interposition_n of_o
proper_a substance_n of_o the_o part_n for_o the_o fibre_n be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o first_o stamina_fw-la or_o the_o warp_n who_o empty_a distance_n the_o flesh_n like_o the_o woof_n fill_v uppe_o there_o be_v also_o other_o peculiar_a use_n of_o fibres_n in_o the_o vein_n and_o artery_n to_o wit_n that_o thereby_o they_o may_v be_v better_o extend_v after_o all_o the_o violent_a motion_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o so_o become_v less_o subject_a to_o mischief_n chap._n xv._o of_o the_o difference_n of_o fibres_n the_o difference_n of_o fibres_n be_v to_o be_v take_v from_o their_o site_n hardness_n sense_n texture_n and_o from_o the_o variety_n of_o the_o organ_n from_o the_o site_n they_o be_v call_v right_o transuerse_a and_o oblique_a for_o if_o they_o run_v lengthwise_o then_o they_o be_v call_v fibres_fw-fr the_o difference_n of_o fibres_fw-fr right_a fibre_n if_o they_o run_v according_a to_o the_o breadth_n and_o intersect_n or_o cut_v the_o right_n then_o be_v they_o call_v transuerse_a or_o round_a and_o circular_a fibre_n if_o they_o have_v a_o middle_a situation_n and_o intersect_v both_o the_o right_n and_o the_o transuerse_a at_o unequal_a angle_n then_o be_v they_o call_v oblique_a fibre_n the_o office_n of_o the_o right_a fibres_fw-fr be_v to_o draw_v the_o office_n of_o the_o transuerse_a to_o expel_v and_o that_o of_o the_o oblique_a to_o retain_v if_o the_o right_a fibres_fw-fr work_n alone_o then_o the_o length_n of_o the_o part_n be_v shorten_v and_o attraction_n make_v if_o only_o the_o transuerse_n be_v contract_v then_o the_o latitude_n or_o breadth_n be_v diminish_v and_o expulsion_n make_v but_o if_o all_o the_o fibres_fw-fr together_o the_o right_a the_o oblique_a and_o the_o transuerse_n be_v intend_v than_o the_o whole_a part_n be_v contract_v and_o retention_n make_v which_o also_o they_o call_v amplexation_n retention_n therefore_o be_v make_v not_o when_o any_o one_o kind_n of_o fiber_n do_v work_v but_o when_o all_o be_v in_o action_n together_o for_o so_o when_o we_o will_v firm_o retain_v any_o thing_n in_o our_o hand_n we_o compass_v iâ—_n about_o on_o every_o side_n yet_o the_o oblique_a fibre_n be_v say_v peculiarly_a to_o retain_v because_o when_o they_o be_v contract_v make_v how_o retention_n be_v make_v they_o do_v only_o embrace_v for_o they_o compass_v the_o part_n on_o every_o side_n constr_v and_o close_v together_o the_o particle_n thereof_o but_o the_o right_n and_o the_o transuerse_a fibre_n when_o they_o be_v contract_v do_v not_o only_o serve_v for_o retention_n but_o these_o for_o expulsion_n &_o those_o for_o traction_n the_o second_o difference_n of_o fibre_n may_v be_v take_v from_o the_o hardness_n for_o some_o be_v hard_a &_o strong_a as_o those_o of_o the_o heart_n for_o the_o fervent_a force_n of_o the_o inbred_a heat_n do_v require_v so_o much_o as_o also_o the_o perpetual_a agitation_n of_o his_o necessary_a motion_n other_o be_v soft_a as_o the_o fibre_n of_o difference_n the_o second_o difference_n muscle_n the_o three_o difference_n be_v take_v from_o their_o sense_n of_o fibre_n some_o be_v sensible_a as_o those_o which_o arise_v from_o nerve_n other_o insensible_a as_o those_o that_o proceed_v from_o the_o ligament_n of_o three_o the_o three_o bone_n if_o you_o regard_v the_o texture_n of_o fibre_n some_o be_v so_o permix_v that_o they_o make_v a_o continual_a body_n so_o true_a membrane_n have_v their_o fibre_n yea_o they_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o fibre_n conjoin_v one_o within_o another_o other_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o part_n and_o have_v another_o use_n beside_o the_o use_n of_o the_o part_n and_o these_o be_v either_o simple_a as_o in_o the_o muscle_n for_o all_o four_o the_o four_o the_o muscle_n except_v a_o very_a few_o have_v but_o one_o kind_n of_o fibre_n either_o right_n or_o transuerse_v or_o oblique_a or_o manifold_a and_o so_o weave_v together_o that_o no_o art_n be_v able_a to_o make_v separation_n between_o they_o so_o the_o flesh_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v weave_v with_o all_o 3_o kind_n of_o fibre_n &_o in_o the_o natural_a organ_n which_o serve_v for_o natural_a motion_n if_o the_o part_n have_v one_o proper_a coat_n as_o a_o vein_n the_o womb_n the_o two_o bladder_n then_o in_o that_o coat_n be_v all_o the_o fibre_n place_v but_o if_o it_o have_v two_o coat_n one_o external_a the_o organ_n how_o the_o fibre_n be_v place_v in_o the_o necturall_a organ_n the_o other_o internal_a then_o be_v the_o transuerse_a fibre_n place_v in_o the_o external_a coat_n &_o the_o right_n â—â—_o oblique_a in_o the_o internal_a from_o this_o general_a rule_n you_o must_v except_v the_o gut_n and_o the_o artery_n because_o the_o gut_n do_v serve_v for_o distribution_n and_o excretion_n and_o the_o artery_n for_o the_o expurgation_n of_o the_o heart_n now_o nature_n be_v more_o careful_a for_o the_o expulsion_n of_o that_o which_o be_v hurtful_a then_o for_o the_o traction_n of_o that_o which_o be_v profitable_a difference_n the_o last_o difference_n the_o last_o difference_n of_o fibres_fw-fr be_v take_v from_o the_o variety_n of_o organ_n some_o serve_v the_o animal_n organ_n as_o the_o muscle_n the_o nerve_n the_o ligament_n and_o the_o tendon_n other_o serve_v the_o vital_a as_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o artery_n other_o the_o natural_a as_o the_o gullet_n the_o stomach_n the_o gut_n the_o bladder_n the_o womb_n and_o the_o vein_n but_o what_o every_o one_o of_o these_o fibre_n in_o their_o several_a course_n do_v perform_v and_o how_o they_o be_v dispose_v in_o the_o part_n we_o have_v declare_v before_o in_o the_o particular_a history_n of_o every_o part_n and_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o fibre_n now_o we_o proceed_v unto_o our_o last_o task_n of_o the_o bone_n the_o end_n of_o the_o twelve_o book_n the_o thirteen_o book_n of_o the_o bone_n the_o praeface_n a_o ship_n that_o have_v be_v long_o at_o sea_n discover_v many_o strange_a continent_n and_o river_n struggle_v through_o many_o hideous_a tempest_n escape_v many_o rock_n and_o quicksand_n though_o she_o have_v make_v no_o rich_a return_n yet_o when_o she_o come_v within_o ken_n of_o she_o own_o country_n and_o see_v the_o land_n lie_v fair_a before_o she_o if_o thou_o can_v imagine_v gentle_a reader_n how_o sudden_o she_o forget_v her_o irksome_a travel_n think_v also_o how_o well_o pay_v i_o be_o that_o i_o be_o come_v within_o view_n of_o the_o end_n of_o this_o my_o tedious_a voyage_n for_o i_o also_o have_v travel_v about_o a_o world_n and_o that_o for_o thy_o behoof_n in_o my_o journey_n if_o i_o have_v not_o make_v many_o new_a discovery_n yet_o certain_o i_o have_v sound_v the_o depth_n more_o true_o enter_v far_o into_o the_o continent_n coast_v the_o shore_n ply_v up_o the_o firth_n discover_v the_o inhabitant_n their_o quality_n temper_n regiment_n of_o life_n their_o diet_n their_o apparel_n their_o employment_n and_o in_o a_o word_n i_o have_v make_v it_o easy_a for_o thou_o to_o reap_v the_o profit_n of_o many_o man_n labour_n and_o of_o my_o own_o yet_o thou_o must_v understand_v this_o but_o as_o a_o letter_n of_o advertisement_n from_o the_o coast_n i_o have_v not_o yet_o bring_v my_o bark_n about_o many_o have_v shun_v scylla_n and_o charybdis_n and_o have_v miscarry_v even_o in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o haven_n where_o there_o be_v more_o rock_n then_o in_o the_o main_a many_o reach_v which_o we_o must_v have_v diverse_a wind_n to_o fetch_v and_o therefore_o thou_o must_v have_v patience_n if_o we_o make_v not_o so_o fresh_a a_o way_n but_o be_v constrain_v to_o wind_n in_o by_o bourd_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n forget_v not_o thou_o to_o follow_v we_o with_o thy_o vow_n for_o this_o shore_n be_v buttre_v with_o rock_n on_o every_o hand_n the_o currant_n swift_a the_o shallow_n many_o to_o break_v off_o our_o metaphor_n the_o history_n of_o the_o bone_n be_v a_o busy_a piece_n of_o work_n their_o articulation_n and_o composition_n many_o dissolute_a and_o lax_n many_o strict_a and_o close_a their_o coalition_n hard_a to_o be_v discern_v hard_o to_o be_v express_v their_o perforation_n cavity_n bosom_n appendancy_n prominence_n and_o process_n difficult_a to_o distinguish_v now_o therefore_o if_o at_o any_o time_n i_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o thy_o patience_n gentle_a reader_n for_o my_o style_n here_o must_v be_v abrupt_a and_o break_a hard_a and_o harsh_a of_o necessity_n according_a to_o my_o argument_n if_o thou_o can_v find_v profit_n look_v not_o for_o pleasure_n and_o if_o thou_o find_v it_o hard_o to_o reap_v in_o this_o unequal_a field_n remember_v he_o have_v something_o to_o do_v that_o break_v up_o the_o swarth_a and_o sow_v it_o for_o thou_o chap._n i._o of_o the_o definition_n and_o difference_n of_o bone_n the_o bone_n say_v hipocrates_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v do_v give_v to_o
the_o book_n of_o vulgar_a divinity_n and_o the_o doctor_n and_o teacher_n of_o divine_a wisdom_n how_o profitable_a anatomy_n be_v to_o philosopher_n and_o in_o a_o manner_n to_o all_o artificer_n and_o handicraft_n man_n chap._n vii_o these_o two_o fruit_n of_o anatomy_n as_o they_o be_v abundant_o beneficial_a and_o profitable_a so_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v common_a to_o all_o in_o general_a first_o the_o knowledge_n of_o our_o own_o nature_n and_o then_o of_o the_o invisible_a god_n there_o be_v also_o other_o benefit_n and_o commodity_n of_o anatomy_n proper_a and_o peculiar_a to_o poet_n painter_n yea_o and_o to_o the_o most_o part_n of_o handicraft_n man_n and_o artificer_n to_o teach_v they_o the_o better_a to_o bring_v their_o art_n to_o perfection_n and_o first_o galen_n do_v account_v anatomy_n very_o philosopher_n anatomy_n very_o profitable_a for_o a_o natural_a philosopher_n proper_a to_o a_o natural_a philosopher_n though_o it_o be_v but_o only_o for_o speculation_n sake_n or_o otherwise_o to_o teach_v he_o the_o singular_a workmanship_n of_o nature_n in_o every_o particular_a part_n for_o inasmuch_o as_o the_o proper_a and_o proportionable_a subject_n of_o his_o art_n be_v a_o body_n natural_a and_o the_o body_n of_o man_n be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o square_a and_o rule_v of_o all_o other_o body_n he_o ought_v not_o nor_o can_v be_v true_o account_v a_o natural_a philosopher_n who_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o history_n of_o man_n body_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n that_o most_o excellent_a genius_n and_o interpreter_n of_o nature_n aristotle_n write_v those_o elegant_a and_o eloquent_a book_n of_o the_o history_n of_o the_o part_n and_o of_o the_o generation_n of_o live_a aristotle_n aristotle_n creature_n anatomy_n be_v also_o very_o profitable_a for_o a_o moral_a philosopher_n for_o he_o shall_v philosopher_n anatomy_n be_v profitable_a for_o a_o moral_a philosopher_n easy_o learn_v by_o the_o mutual_a office_n and_o duty_n of_o every_o part_n and_o by_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o natural_a household_n government_n appear_v in_o our_o body_n how_o to_o temper_v and_o order_v the_o manner_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o mind_n how_o to_o rule_v and_o govern_v a_o commonwealth_n or_o city_n and_o how_o to_o direct_v a_o private_a house_n or_o family_n i_o spare_v to_o speak_v how_o profitable_a it_o be_v for_o poet_n and_o painter_n for_o the_o perfection_n of_o their_o art_n and_o science_n for_o even_o homer_n himself_o have_v write_v many_o thing_n and_o those_o very_a excellent_a homer_n profitable_a for_o poet_n &_o painter_n homer_n concern_v anatomy_n but_o my_o purpose_n be_v only_o to_o show_v that_o for_o a_o physician_n a_o natural_a philosopher_n a_o chirurgeon_n and_o a_o apothecary_n it_o be_v not_o only_o profitable_a but_o even_o also_o absolute_o necessary_a wherein_o be_v demonstrate_v that_o anatomy_n be_v not_o only_o profitable_a but_o of_o absolute_a necessity_n for_o physician_n and_o surgeon_n chap._n viii_o as_o geographie_n be_v worthy_o account_v a_o great_a evidence_n for_o the_o credit_n of_o a_o history_n so_o to_o they_o that_o any_o way_n appertain_v to_o the_o art_n of_o physic_n the_o knowledge_n of_o man_n body_n seem_v to_o be_v very_o necessary_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o body_n be_v the_o first_o thing_n to_o be_v speak_v of_o in_o the_o art_n of_o physic_n again_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr flatibus_fw-la make_v but_o one_o idea_n of_o all_o disease_n it_o be_v only_o the_o variety_n &_o flatibus_fw-la hip._n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la in_o homine_fw-la hip._n de_fw-fr flatibus_fw-la difference_n of_o place_n that_o make_v the_o difference_n of_o disease_n he_o therefore_o that_o will_v be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o history_n of_o the_o part_n of_o man_n body_n he_o shall_v ill_o distinguish_v and_o discern_v the_o affection_n of_o the_o same_o worse_o cure_v they_o and_o worst_a of_o all_o foretell_v who_o be_v likely_a to_o recover_v and_o escape_v and_o who_o not_o the_o discern_a and_o judge_v of_o a_o disease_n consist_v in_o two_o thing_n namely_o the_o knowledge_n disease_n how_o necessary_a the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o part_n be_v to_o the_o discern_a of_o disease_n of_o the_o evil_a affect_v &_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o part_n so_o affect_v the_o sign_n of_o the_o part_n affect_v be_v draw_v and_o derive_v from_o many_o fountain_n as_o it_o be_v but_o especial_o from_o the_o situation_n and_o from_o the_o action_n impair_v for_o he_o that_o know_v the_o action_n of_o the_o stomach_n to_o be_v concoction_n if_o the_o concoction_n be_v impair_v he_o may_v easy_o discern_v that_o the_o stomach_n be_v ill_o affect_v he_o that_o know_v the_o liver_n to_o be_v place_v on_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o paunch_n if_o the_o right_a hypochondrium_n or_o side_n before_o or_o do_v swell_v he_o will_v present_o affirm_v that_o the_o liver_n and_o not_o the_o spleen_n be_v ill_o affect_v now_o this_o situation_n as_o also_o the_o action_n of_o all_o the_o part_n be_v teach_v and_o demonstrate_v unto_o we_o by_o anatomy_n only_o for_o prognosis_n or_o prediction_n of_o the_o event_n of_o disease_n hypocrates_n make_v three_o chief_a and_o main_a head_n of_o it_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v avoid_v the_o action_n impair_v and_o the_o habit_n of_o the_o body_n galen_n anatomy_n necessary_a for_o prognosis_n or_o predication_n galen_n in_o the_o colour_n figure_n and_o magnitude_n or_o quantity_n all_o which_o be_v discern_v only_o by_o anatomy_n now_o how_o much_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o several_a part_n of_o the_o body_n avayl_v towards_o the_o cure_n of_o disease_n galen_n have_v very_o well_o express_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr ossibus_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d say_v he_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v all_o thing_n that_o concern_v the_o action_n of_o heal_a have_v that_o for_o their_o scope_n or_o direction_n which_o be_v natural_o dispose_v or_o in_o a_o hypocrates_n necessary_a for_o curation_n hypocrates_n good_a and_o laudable_a constitution_n hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr officina_fw-la medici_n give_v this_o rule_n that_o the_o physician_n shall_v first_o look_v into_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v alike_o one_o to_o another_o and_o then_o to_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v unlike_a insinuate_v thereby_o that_o he_o that_o know_v the_o perfect_a sanitie_n or_o health_n of_o every_o part_n shall_v easy_o discern_v if_o it_o fall_v from_o that_o perfection_n by_o the_o perfection_n which_o remain_v in_o other_o like_a part_n not_o taint_v aristotle_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la usurp_v a_o rule_n of_o geometry_n that_o which_o be_v straight_o and_o right_o say_v he_o do_v not_o only_o measure_v itself_o but_o bewray_v that_o which_o be_v oblique_a or_o crooked_a in_o like_a manner_n how_o shall_v a_o physician_n restore_v or_o set_v right_a bone_n that_o be_v break_v or_o out_o of_o joint_n if_o he_o be_v ignorant_a of_o their_o natural_a place_n figure_n and_o articulation_n the_o exquisite_a method_n of_o heal_a can_v be_v perform_v but_o by_o indication_n and_o indication_n be_v not_o only_o derive_v from_o the_o disease_n but_o also_o from_o the_o part_n affect_v and_o the_o remedy_n must_v be_v change_v and_o alter_v according_a to_o the_o diverse_a and_o several_a nature_n temperature_n situation_n connexion_n and_o sense_n of_o the_o part_n neither_o be_v anatomy_n needful_a only_o for_o the_o physician_n but_o even_o also_o for_o the_o chirurgeon_n and_o apothecary_n the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o outward_a part_n as_o the_o muscle_n the_o nerve_n the_o chirurgeon_n anatomy_n necessary_a for_o a_o chirurgeon_n vein_n and_o artery_n be_v most_o necessary_a for_o a_o chirurgeon_n for_o fear_v least_o in_o his_o dissection_n &_o lancing_n he_o shall_v mistake_v a_o broad_a ligament_n for_o a_o membrane_n and_o around_o ligament_n for_o a_o nerve_n or_o sinnew_n lest_o he_o shall_v divide_v a_o artery_n in_o stead_n of_o a_o vein_n for_o he_o that_o be_v ignorant_a of_o these_o thing_n shall_v evermore_o be_v in_o doubt_n in_o thing_n safe_a and_o secure_a still_o fearful_a and_o in_o thing_n that_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v he_o will_v be_v most_o secure_a and_o audacious_a apothecary_n anatomy_n profitable_a for_o a_o apothecary_n a_o apothecary_n also_o shall_v find_v it_o very_o needful_a for_o he_o to_o understand_v the_o scite_fw-la and_o figure_n of_o the_o part_n for_o the_o better_a apply_v of_o such_o remedy_n as_o shall_v be_v requisite_a for_o he_o must_v apply_v his_o topical_a and_o local_a medicine_n fomentation_n ointment_n or_o liniment_n and_o emplaster_n in_o their_o apt_a and_o proper_a place_n as_o if_o the_o liver_n be_v ill_o affect_v on_o the_o right_a side_n if_o the_o spleen_n be_v ill_a on_o the_o left_a side_n if_o the_o womb_n or_o bladder_n be_v disease_v then_o upon_o the_o hypograstium_fw-la or_o
watercourse_n between_o the_o navel_n and_o the_o privy_a part_n if_o the_o heart_n be_v ill_o affect_v then_o on_o the_o left_a breast_n must_v the_o remedy_n be_v apply_v he_o must_v also_o make_v his_o plaster_n or_o other_o remedy_n of_o the_o same_o figure_n that_o the_o part_n affect_v be_v of_o lest_o the_o part_n adjoin_v be_v cover_v therewithal_o ancient_n profitable_a for_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o writing_n of_o the_o ancient_n i_o forbear_v to_o speak_v how_o profitable_a and_o necessary_a it_o be_v for_o the_o explain_n of_o the_o writing_n of_o hypocrates_n galen_n and_o all_o the_o ancient_a physician_n for_o in_o they_o there_o be_v many_o passage_n dark_a and_o obscure_a whereunto_o the_o knowledge_n of_o anatomy_n will_v give_v a_o great_a light_n and_o splendour_n and_o therefore_o in_o old_a time_n physician_n be_v wont_v to_o propound_v unto_o their_o young_a scholar_n the_o precept_n of_o anatomy_n as_o the_o first_o rudiment_n and_o principle_n of_o the_o art_n of_o physic_n and_o chirurgery_n with_o what_o method_n anatomy_n may_v be_v best_a teach_v and_o demonstrate_v chap._n ix_o see_v then_o the_o profit_n and_o necessity_n of_o anatomy_n be_v such_o and_o so_o great_a i_o will_v persuade_v all_o student_n in_o our_o art_n especial_o and_o in_o chirurgerie_n that_o they_o will_v very_o heedeful_o and_o diligent_o employ_v themselves_o in_o the_o study_n of_o the_o same_o neither_o shall_v they_o need_v to_o be_v deter_v or_o affright_v with_o the_o difficulty_n for_o it_o be_v very_o easy_a and_o feasible_a if_o it_o be_v lay_v down_o in_o a_o good_a order_n and_o method_n otherwise_o the_o most_o easy_a and_o obvious_a art_n prove_v hard_a and_o obscure_a the_o method_n therefore_o of_o learning_n and_o teach_v anatomy_n be_v on_o this_o manner_n the_o art_n of_o anatomy_n as_o i_o suppose_v may_v be_v attain_v two_o way_n by_o inspection_n which_o instruction_n anatomy_n to_o be_v attain_v two_o way_n by_o inspection_n &_o by_o instruction_n we_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o by_o instruction_n and_o both_o these_o way_n be_v very_o necessary_a if_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o art_n be_v desire_v but_o the_o first_o be_v the_o more_o certain_a the_o latter_a carry_v with_o it_o great_a grace_n and_o state_n the_o former_a may_v be_v call_v the_o way_n of_o history_n or_o the_o historical_a way_n the_o latter_a the_o way_n of_o science_n or_o the_o artificial_a way_n the_o first_o which_o be_v inspection_n be_v either_o of_o figure_n depaint_v or_o carve_v and_o print_v on_o table_n only_o or_o of_o the_o body_n themselves_o of_o man_n or_o beast_n of_o man_n only_o when_o they_o be_v dead_a of_o beast_n both_o dead_a and_o live_a for_o the_o better_a observe_v of_o the_o diverse_a and_o obscure_a motion_n of_o the_o inward_a part_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o way_n of_o doctrine_n or_o science_n be_v double_a one_o by_o the_o write_n of_o most_o famous_a and_o renown_a man_n another_o by_o the_o live_a voice_n of_o a_o teacher_n or_o instructor_n the_o inspection_n of_o figure_n some_o have_v disallow_v because_o they_o be_v bare_a shadow_n anatomy_n galen_n disallow_v picture_n of_o plant_n and_o anatomy_n which_o in_o their_o opinion_n do_v rather_o hinder_v then_o further_o young_a student_n for_o if_o galen_n will_v not_o have_v plant_n and_o herb_n paint_v or_o decipher_v no_o nor_o so_o much_o as_o describe_v but_o teach_v and_o deliver_v by_o hand_n only_o how_o will_v he_o have_v endure_v the_o delineation_n of_o the_o part_n of_o our_o body_n but_o i_o be_o not_o altogether_o of_o that_o opinion_n to_o think_v these_o picture_n vain_a and_o idle_a because_o i_o see_v every_o day_n represent_v unto_o my_o eye_n by_o these_o picture_n many_o thing_n and_o those_o oftentimes_o of_o great_a consequence_n which_o be_v unknown_a to_o the_o skilful_a artist_n world_n the_o benefit_n of_o picture_n geometrician_n be_v anatomist_n of_o the_o great_a world_n of_o former_a age_n neither_o do_v the_o geometrician_n and_o geographer_n who_o be_v but_o the_o anatomist_n of_o the_o great_a world_n as_o we_o be_v of_o the_o little_a despise_v those_o demonstration_n which_o in_o card_n &_o map_n they_o receive_v one_o from_o another_o again_o it_o be_v not_o always_o or_o in_o each_o place_n easy_a to_o find_v &_o obtain_v such_o store_n of_o humane_a carcase_n and_o therefore_o that_o want_n be_v well_o supply_v by_o a_o curious_a draught_n or_o delineation_n of_o such_o observation_n as_o be_v make_v in_o true_a dissection_n by_o cunning_a artist_n that_o so_o both_o the_o memory_n of_o those_o that_o be_v present_a may_v be_v refricate_v and_o refresh_v and_o such_o as_o be_v absent_a make_v also_o partaker_n of_o their_o labour_n yet_o for_o all_o caution_n a_o caution_n this_o i_o do_v not_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o trust_v too_o much_o to_o these_o silent_a shadow_n for_o as_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o make_v a_o good_a commander_n or_o a_o skilful_a pilot_n by_o any_o typical_a or_o representative_a army_n fortification_n or_o water_n card_n but_o only_o by_o practice_n and_o experience_n so_o it_o be_v a_o very_a vain_a comparison_n comparison_n thing_n to_o take_v in_o hand_n to_o learn_v anatomy_n by_o the_o bare_a inspection_n of_o figure_n without_o practice_n upon_o the_o body_n itself_o and_o because_o our_o art_n concern_v the_o cure_n not_o of_o beast_n but_o of_o man_n we_o must_v therefore_o exercise_v ourselves_o chief_o in_o the_o anatomy_n of_o the_o body_n of_o man_n and_o that_o not_o alive_a but_o dead_a i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o some_o of_o the_o ancient_a physician_n as_o herophilus_n and_o erasistratus_n by_o the_o licence_n of_o prince_n who_o they_o have_v possess_v with_o the_o profit_n thereof_o do_v anatomize_v alive_a who_o use_v to_o butcher_v man_n alive_a the_o body_n of_o condemn_a wretch_n even_o whilst_o they_o be_v alive_a which_o also_o in_o our_o age_n have_v be_v do_v by_o carpus_n and_o vesalius_n but_o for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o hold_v it_o a_o very_a frivolous_a and_o vain_a thing_n beside_o the_o horror_n and_o inhumanity_n of_o the_o fact_n which_o almost_o no_o necessity_n answer_n the_o cut_v up_o of_o man_n alive_a be_v not_o only_o inhuman_a but_o also_o of_o no_o profit_n or_o use_v objection_n answer_n can_v sufficient_o warrant_v for_o live_a dissection_n as_o we_o call_v they_o be_v then_o put_v in_o use_n when_o we_o will_v find_v out_o some_o action_n or_o use_n of_o a_o part_n which_o by_o the_o dead_a carcase_n can_v be_v discern_v now_o all_o those_o we_o may_v find_v aswell_o in_o beast_n as_o in_o men._n if_o it_o be_v object_v that_o there_o be_v some_o difference_n between_o the_o action_n of_o man_n and_o of_o beast_n especial_o the_o animal_n and_o that_o the_o organ_n of_o voluntary_a motion_n to_o wit_n the_o muscle_n be_v not_o alike_o in_o both_o kind_n i_o answer_v that_o for_o the_o discern_a of_o action_n that_o belong_v to_o motion_n and_o sense_n there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o dissection_n for_o they_o be_v almost_o all_o of_o they_o apparent_a to_o the_o sense_n only_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o hide_a and_o secret_a part_n as_o not_o be_v subject_v to_o sense_n must_v be_v seek_v out_o by_o dissection_n now_o of_o those_o hide_a motion_n that_o of_o the_o heart_n and_o artery_n the_o midriff_n the_o brain_n and_o the_o gut_n which_o be_v of_o great_a consequence_n be_v all_o one_o in_o man_n and_o in_o beast_n wherefore_o it_o be_v not_o anatomy_n but_o butchery_n to_o mangle_v the_o tremble_a member_n of_o man_n body_n and_o under_o i_o know_v not_o what_o slender_a and_o idle_a pretence_n of_o profit_n or_o behoof_n to_o violate_v the_o sacred_a law_n of_o nature_n and_o of_o religion_n the_o ancient_a physician_n be_v not_o allow_v to_o cut_v up_o dead_a carcase_n of_o man_n as_o we_o now_o use_v disection_n but_o it_o be_v hold_v a_o very_a impious_a &_o profane_a thing_n how_o abominable_a then_o be_v it_o &_o savour_v of_o cannibal_n barbarism_n because_o we_o will_v make_v a_o near_o cut_v to_o our_o understanding_n by_o our_o eye_n then_o by_o the_o discourse_n and_o labour_n of_o our_o mind_n to_o gather_v knowledge_n by_o the_o dissection_n or_o rather_o butchery_n of_o live_a man_n if_o there_o be_v any_o use_n of_o it_o as_o we_o have_v show_v that_o there_o be_v none_o let_v we_o therefore_o content_v ourselves_o and_o give_v due_a thanks_o unto_o our_o state_n by_o who_o law_n we_o be_v allow_v dead_a body_n for_o dissection_n every_o year_n a_o competent_a number_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o where_o want_n of_o such_o we_o may_v have_v resort_n to_o the_o body_n of_o beast_n and_o make_v dissection_n of_o they_o both_o alive_a and_o dead_a alive_o more_o spare_o albeit_o by_o anatomy_n of_o live_a body_n
other_o both_o greek_n and_o arabian_n but_o they_o bring_v for_o confirmation_n of_o their_o opinion_n no_o necessary_a argument_n but_o such_o only_a as_o be_v probable_a shadow_v over_o with_o a_o veil_n of_o truth_n it_o be_v more_o honourable_a say_v they_o and_o monarchical_a that_o there_o shall_v be_v one_o principle_n first_o the_o argument_n of_o the_o peripatetic_n the_o first_o then_o many_o and_o that_o the_o very_a name_n of_o a_o principle_n do_v necessary_o import_v so_o much_o for_o if_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o creature_n be_v but_o one_o in_o number_n and_o that_o indivisible_a then_o must_v the_o body_n likewise_o of_o it_o be_v either_o one_o whole_a or_o at_o least_o have_v some_o one_o principal_a part_n for_o essence_n must_v not_o be_v multiply_v without_o necessity_n and_o as_o in_o the_o great_a universe_n which_o we_o behold_v there_o be_v one_o principle_n which_o aristotle_n in_o his_o eight_o book_n of_o his_o physics_n call_v primum_fw-la movens_fw-la and_o primus_fw-la motor_n that_o be_v the_o first_o mover_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v naught_o to_o have_v more_o king_n than_o one_o let_v he_o that_o reign_v reign_n king_n alone_o so_o in_o the_o microcosm_n or_o little_a world_n there_o must_v be_v but_o one_o principle_n one_o prince_n which_o heart_n the_o dignity_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v the_o heart_n who_o excellency_n and_o dignity_n above_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o part_n these_o thing_n do_v clear_o demonstrate_v first_o because_o it_o first_o live_v and_o die_v the_o last_o and_o therefore_o be_v the_o original_n of_o life_n and_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o soul_n next_o because_o it_o endure_v no_o notable_a disease_n but_o yield_v present_o to_o nature_n if_o it_o be_v afflict_v again_o because_o it_o obtain_v the_o most_o honourable_a place_n that_o be_v the_o middle_a of_o the_o body_n four_o for_o that_o by_o his_o perpetual_a motion_n all_o thing_n be_v exhilerate_v and_o do_v flourish_v and_o nothing_o in_o the_o whole_a creature_n be_v fruitful_a unless_o the_o powerful_a vigour_n of_o the_o heart_n do_v give_v foecundity_n unto_o it_o there_o say_v they_o be_v the_o mansion_n and_o tribunal_n of_o the_o soul_n where_o heat_n be_v to_o be_v find_v the_o first_o instrument_n of_o all_o the_o function_n but_o the_o heart_n be_v the_o spring_a fountain_n of_o native_a heat_n which_o by_o the_o artery_n as_o it_o be_v by_o small_a riverer_n be_v derive_v into_o the_o whole_a body_n moreover_o second_o the_o second_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o faculty_n be_v there_o where_o the_o organ_n of_o the_o same_o faculty_n do_v appear_v but_o all_o the_o vein_n artery_n &_o sinew_n do_v arise_v out_o of_o the_o heart_n for_o the_o artery_n no_o man_n ever_o make_v doubt_n the_o vein_n do_v sure_o arise_v thence_o where_o their_o end_n and_o termination_n do_v vein_n the_o three_o the_o heart_n the_o original_n of_o the_o vein_n appear_v but_o that_o be_v about_o the_o heart_n for_o the_o implantation_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n and_o the_o hollow_a vein_n be_v alike_o beside_o all_o the_o vein_n be_v continuate_v with_o the_o heart_n to_o it_o be_v they_o fix_v where_o they_o also_o have_v membrane_n set_v like_o door_n unto_o they_o which_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o beginning_n and_o head_n of_o the_o vein_n but_o through_o the_o liver_n they_o be_v only_o disseminated_a and_o aristotle_n the_o heart_n the_o original_n of_o the_o sinew_n aristotle_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o entrails_n they_o make_v a_o passage_n through_o and_o so_o end_v into_o hair_n string_n aristotle_n also_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o hart_n be_v the_o original_n of_o the_o nerve_n for_o his_o flesh_n be_v hard_a sight_n and_o somewhat_o membranous_a but_o the_o ventricle_n thereof_o have_v in_o they_o infinite_a texture_n of_o manifest_a sinew_n final_o the_o heart_n be_v the_o first_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o first_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o first_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d blood_n the_o 4._o argument_n the_o heart_n the_o first_o store-house_n of_o blood_n that_o be_v sanguifier_n liver_n mover_n &_o sensator_fw-la that_o it_o be_v the_o first_o sanguifier_n or_o the_o workhouse_n wherein_o the_o blood_n be_v make_v the_o philosopher_n demonstrate_v because_o in_o it_o the_o blood_n be_v contain_v as_o in_o a_o vessel_n or_o conceptacle_n and_o receptacle_n whereas_o in_o the_o liver_n it_o remain_v but_o as_o in_o a_o pipe_n or_o convayance_n and_o beside_o no_o where_o in_o the_o whole_a body_n be_v the_o blood_n contain_v out_o of_o his_o vessel_n save_v only_o in_o the_o heart_n which_o therefore_o be_v the_o treasury_n thereof_o and_o therefore_o in_o all_o sudden_a passion_n of_o the_o mind_n it_o return_v and_o fly_v to_o the_o heart_n as_o to_o his_o fountain_n not_o to_o the_o liver_n or_o to_o the_o brain_n that_o it_o be_v primum_fw-la sensorium_fw-la the_o first_o sensator_fw-la that_o be_v that_o the_o faculty_n offence_n motion_n reason_n the_o heart_n the_o first_o sensator_fw-la the_o first_o reason_n and_o appetite_n be_v derive_v from_o the_o heart_n the_o peripatetic_n prove_v by_o these_o argument_n because_o in_o a_o syncope_n that_o be_v a_o swoon_v where_o the_o vital_a spirit_n fail_v there_o appear_v a_o sudden_a and_o headstrong_a ruin_n and_o decay_v of_o all_o the_o faculty_n because_o in_o all_o sudden_a motion_n of_o noisome_a and_o hurtful_a thing_n as_o also_o when_o we_o will_v avoid_v they_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o heart_n second_o the_o second_o be_v draw_v inward_a there_o appear_v a_o pale_a wannesse_n in_o the_o face_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a when_o we_o conceive_v joy_n for_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v profitable_a or_o when_o we_o pursue_v such_o thing_n the_o heat_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v call_v outward_a there_o appear_v in_o the_o countenance_n a_o ruddiness_n and_o alacrity_n because_o if_o the_o artery_n call_v carotide_n be_v tie_v or_o obstruct_v then_o follow_v three_o the_o three_o present_o a_o senseless_a dulness_n and_o a_o privation_n of_o the_o animality_n if_o i_o may_v so_o speak_v the_o patient_a lie_v like_o a_o senseless_a stock_n because_o joy_n sorrow_n and_o hope_n be_v motion_n of_o the_o four_o the_o four_o heart_n in_o which_o consist_v all_o the_o appetite_n we_o have_v to_o pursue_v that_o which_o we_o like_v or_o to_o fly_v and_o avoid_v that_o we_o dislike_v and_o abhor_v final_o because_o in_o sleep_v the_o animal_n faculty_n five_o the_o five_o do_v rest_n and_o cease_v from_o their_o labour_n now_o sleep_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o retraction_n or_o call_v back_o of_o the_o heat_n to_o the_o heart_n from_o the_o other_o part_n wherein_o it_o be_v in_o continual_a expense_n and_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o a_o man_n after_o sleep_n be_v so_o much_o refresh_v and_o rise_v strong_a again_o to_o the_o labour_n either_o of_o mind_n or_o body_n albeit_o in_o both_o he_o be_v well_o weary_v yea_o tire_a out_o before_o as_o for_o the_o brain_n they_o say_v it_o can_v be_v the_o author_n of_o sense_n because_o it_o be_v of_o a_o cold_a temper_n unapt_a for_o motion_n and_o make_v only_o to_o refrigerate_v and_o cool_v the_o exceed_a heat_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v of_o itself_o without_o all_o sense_n these_o and_o such_o like_a be_v the_o argument_n of_o the_o peripatetic_n by_o which_o they_o persuade_v themselves_o that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o principle_n of_o man_n body_n which_o be_v the_o heart_n but_o these_o conceit_n of_o aristotle_n and_o the_o philosopher_n be_v long_o since_o hiss_v out_o of_o the_o peripatetic_n a_o consutati_fw-la of_o the_o peripatetic_n school_n of_o the_o physician_n and_o banish_v from_o among_o they_o because_o they_o assume_v those_o thing_n for_o true_a which_o be_v utter_o false_a and_o obtrude_v thing_n probable_a as_o if_o they_o be_v necessary_a and_o what_o i_o pray_v you_o be_v more_o absurd_a then_o to_o prefer_v the_o probability_n of_o a_o logical_a argumentation_n before_o the_o evidence_n of_o sense_n reason_n and_o experience_n join_v together_o now_o that_o the_o vein_n do_v arise_v from_o the_o liver_n that_o the_o nerve_n or_o sinew_n which_o be_v soft_a and_o medullous_a or_o marrowy_a within_o and_o without_o clothe_v with_o membrane_n be_v derive_v sinew_n demonstrative_a argument_n to_o prove_v that_o the_o heart_n be_v neither_o the_o original_n of_o the_o vein_n nor_o of_o the_o sinew_n from_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n he_o that_o have_v but_o one_o eye_n may_v clear_o discern_v that_o great_a philosopher_n observe_v in_o the_o heart_n many_o fibrous_a string_n in_o both_o his_o ventricle_n weave_v out_o of_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o small_a membrane_n and_o mistake_v they_o for_o threddy_o nerve_n whereas_o indeed_o it_o have_v but_o one_o small_a nerve_n arise_v from_o the_o sixth_o conjugation_n of_o the_o
motion_n and_o these_o be_v the_o argument_n whereby_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o peripatetic_n be_v expulse_v out_o of_o the_o school_n of_o the_o physician_n avicen_n fen_n prima_fw-la primi_fw-la doctrina_fw-la quinta_fw-la cap._n primo_fw-la interprete_v aristotle_n opinion_n play_v aristotle_n how_o avicen_n interprete_v aristotle_n the_o stickler_n in_o this_o manner_n all_o the_o faculty_n say_v he_o do_v reside_v in_o the_o heart_n as_o in_o their_o first_o root_n but_o yet_o they_o shine_v in_o the_o other_o member_n that_o be_v the_o heart_n be_v the_o original_n of_o diverse_a faculty_n but_o use_v the_o brain_n as_o the_o instrument_n of_o sense_n so_o that_o radical_o that_o be_v his_o word_n the_o animal_n faculty_n be_v in_o the_o heart_n but_o by_o manifestation_n in_o the_o brain_n some_o again_o intercede_v for_o the_o peripatetic_n and_o say_v that_o the_o principal_a faculty_n motive_n distinction_n the_o opinion_n of_o some_o late_a writer_n and_o their_o diverse_a distinction_n and_o sensative_a be_v in_o the_o heart_n as_o in_o their_o original_n and_o fountain_n that_o the_o root_n of_o the_o nerve_n be_v in_o the_o heart_n but_o because_o it_o be_v too_o narrow_a to_o yield_v out_o of_o itself_o all_o their_o propagation_n they_o think_v the_o brain_n be_v frame_v as_o a_o second_o principle_n wherein_o the_o animal_n function_n may_v not_o obscure_o as_o in_o the_o heart_n but_o evident_o manifest_v and_o exhibit_v themselves_o and_o this_o power_n or_o faculty_n when_o the_o brain_n have_v once_o receive_v it_o from_o the_o heart_n stand_v in_o no_o need_n of_o continual_a and_o immediate_a assistance_n therefrom_o but_o only_o of_o a_o supply_n after_o some_o time_n even_o as_o the_o commander_n of_o a_o army_n who_o have_v receive_v his_o authority_n and_o his_o company_n from_o the_o prince_n stand_v in_o no_o far_a need_n of_o the_o prince_n protection_n unless_o comparison_n comparison_n it_o be_v now_o and_o then_o upon_o especial_a service_n they_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o liver_n be_v true_o call_v principal_a part_n but_o this_o principality_n be_v but_o delegatory_n from_o the_o heart_n no_o otherways_o then_o the_o lieutenant_n of_o prince_n by_o they_o choose_v for_o such_o and_o such_o employment_n do_v receive_v from_o they_o a_o order_n and_o power_n of_o dispensation_n and_o disposition_n whereby_o they_o be_v authorize_v and_o so_o take_v as_o if_o they_o be_v immediate_a commander_n themselves_o some_o other_o use_v another_o distinction_n and_o say_v that_o material_o the_o nerve_n proceed_v from_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o vein_n from_o the_o liver_n but_o the_o first_o and_o the_o formal_a principle_n they_o say_v be_v in_o the_o heart_n that_o prince_n of_o human_a learning_n at_o least_o he_o that_o affect_v that_o sovereignty_n julius_n caesar_n scaliger_n in_o the_o two_o hundred_o fourscore_o and_o nine_o exercise_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr subtilitate_fw-la opinion_n scaliger_n opinion_n make_v many_o principle_n in_o the_o heart_n the_o first_o or_o primarie_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o the_o live_n the_o secondary_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o the_o move_a principle_n these_o do_v never_o cease_v neither_o be_v they_o hinder_v or_o intercept_v in_o our_o sleep_n or_o repose_v yet_o be_v they_o not_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d tametsi_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v they_o be_v not_o the_o first_o sensator_n though_o they_o be_v of_o or_o from_o the_o first_o sensator_fw-la thus_o learned_a man_n labour_v to_o reconcile_v the_o peripatetic_n &_o the_o physician_n but_o they_o seem_v not_o to_o hold_v themselves_o close_o to_o aristotle_n meaning_n for_o he_o do_v not_o think_v that_o in_o any_o sense_n well_o the_o late_a writer_n do_v not_o understand_v aristotle_n well_o the_o brain_n can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o author_n or_o original_n of_o sensation_n neither_o that_o the_o nerve_n do_v arise_v from_o it_o no_o where_o do_v he_o attribute_v any_o delegatory_a power_n of_o sensation_n unto_o it_o but_o think_v it_o be_v only_o make_v to_o refrigerate_v or_o cool_v the_o heat_n of_o the_o heart_n whereas_o notwithstanding_o all_o he_o can_v produce_v it_o be_v the_o first_o principle_n of_o sense_n and_o motion_n neither_o receive_v any_o power_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o either_o of_o they_o from_o the_o heart_n and_o whereas_o the_o arabian_n say_v that_o the_o animal_n faculty_n be_v radical_a in_o the_o heart_n and_o but_o by_o manifestation_n in_o the_o brain_n we_o can_v no_o way_n admit_v of_o that_o distinction_n for_o if_o that_o faculty_n consute_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o arabian_n consute_v be_v in_o the_o heart_n as_o in_o the_o root_n then_o when_o the_o brain_n be_v obstruct_v the_o body_n shall_v not_o become_v senseless_a and_o without_o motion_n because_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o remainder_n both_o of_o sense_n and_o motion_n in_o the_o root_n that_o be_v in_o the_o heart_n but_o though_o the_o heart_n be_v obstruct_v or_o the_o passage_n intercept_v between_o it_o and_o the_o brain_n yet_o there_o follow_v not_o any_o sudden_a privation_n of_o sense_n and_o motion_n instance_n hereof_o we_o have_v in_o sacrifice_n where_o the_o beast_n sometime_o heart_n sacrifice_n run_v from_o the_o altar_n without_o their_o heart_n have_v be_v hear_v to_o cry_v and_o sometime_o also_o see_v to_o run_v a_o little_a way_n after_o his_o heart_n have_v be_v cut_v out_o and_o we_o have_v see_v the_o same_o try_v in_o a_o dog_n which_o run_v cry_v a_o while_n after_o his_o heart_n be_v cut_v out_o the_o vessel_n arise_v from_o it_o upward_o be_v before_o bind_v galen_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la illustrate_v the_o whole_a matter_n by_o a_o elegant_a demonstration_n demonstration_n galens_n elegant_a demonstration_n if_o the_o heart_n say_v he_o do_v give_v unto_o the_o brain_n the_o animal_n faculty_n then_o shall_v that_o power_n be_v derive_v either_o by_o vein_n artery_n or_o sinew_n for_o there_o be_v no_o other_o vessel_n which_o go_v between_o they_o and_o be_v common_a to_o they_o both_o by_o vein_n or_o artery_n aristotle_n himself_o do_v not_o think_v it_o be_v convey_v beside_o these_o vessel_n do_v not_o direct_o pass_v unto_o the_o brain_n but_o after_o diverse_a contortion_n and_o aberration_n from_o a_o right_n &_o direct_a progress_n that_o it_o be_v not_o derive_v by_o or_o through_o the_o nerve_n be_v manifest_a because_o if_o the_o nerve_n which_o be_v disseminated_a through_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v either_o divide_v and_o cut_v asunder_o or_o intercept_v yet_o the_o creature_n do_v not_o present_o fall_v but_o only_o grow_v mute_a and_o dumb_a it_o be_v therefore_o more_o consonant_a to_o right_a reason_n that_o see_v the_o soul_n be_v but_o one_o and_o a_o disputation_n the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o whole_a disputation_n simple_a substance_n and_o whole_o in_o the_o whole_a and_o whole_o in_o every_o particle_n of_o the_o body_n and_o therefore_o must_v necessary_o have_v the_o help_n of_o organ_n for_o the_o accomplish_n of_o her_o several_a function_n to_o assign_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o faculty_n there_o where_o the_o organ_n of_o those_o faculty_n be_v especial_o to_o be_v discern_v wherefore_o see_v the_o peripatetic_n do_v confess_v that_o the_o organ_n of_o sense_n and_o motion_n be_v more_o conspicuous_a in_o the_o brain_n then_o in_o the_o heart_n why_o will_v they_o not_o yield_v to_o the_o physician_n that_o the_o animal_n faculty_n be_v in_o the_o brain_n the_o vital_a in_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o natural_a in_o the_o liver_n but_o make_v all_o the_o world_n witness_n of_o their_o refractory_a mind_n than_o which_o in_o a_o true_a philosopher_n nothing_o be_v more_o illiberal_a howsoever_o to_o conclude_v we_o subscribe_v to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o physician_n who_o have_v banish_v this_o unity_n of_o principle_n out_o of_o their_o school_n qvest._n iii_o how_o many_o principal_a part_n there_o be_v by_o those_o thing_n which_o we_o have_v thus_o at_o large_a discourse_v it_o be_v manifest_a to_o all_o man_n that_o there_o be_v not_o one_o but_o many_o principal_a part_n of_o man_n body_n it_o remain_v that_o we_o show_v you_o now_o how_o many_o there_o be_v the_o number_n we_o can_v better_v aportion_n then_o from_o the_o nature_n and_o definition_n of_o a_o principle_n first_o therefore_o we_o must_v make_v it_o appear_v because_o physician_n herein_o do_v not_o agree_v what_o a_o principal_a part_n be_v galen_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la define_v this_o principality_n by_o necessity_n that_o be_v a_o galen_n what_o a_o principal_a part_n be_v galen_n principal_a part_n which_o be_v of_o absolute_a necessity_n for_o the_o life_n of_o man._n i_o will_v show_v you_o say_v he_o by_o what_o mark_n you_o shall_v know_v a_o principal_a part_n to_o wit_n
creature_n can_v have_v move_v local_o to_o gather_v his_o phantasm_n out_o of_o diverse_a object_n as_o the_o bee_n fly_v from_o one_o flower_n to_o another_o to_o gather_v honey_n and_o therefore_o nature_n ordain_v the_o organ_n or_o instrument_n of_o motion_n the_o muscle_n the_o tendon_n and_o the_o nerve_n these_o unless_o we_o shall_v have_v crawl_v upon_o the_o earth_n like_o worm_n do_v necessary_o require_v prop_n and_o supporter_n to_o confirm_v and_o establish_v they_o whereupon_o the_o bone_n and_o the_o gristle_n be_v ordain_v and_o ligament_n also_o to_o knit_v and_o swath_n they_o together_o now_o all_o of_o they_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o perpetual_a influence_n of_o heat_n to_o quicken_v they_o and_o of_o nourishment_n to_o sustain_v they_o both_o which_o be_v supply_v the_o former_a from_o the_o heart_n by_o the_o artery_n the_o latter_a from_o the_o liver_n by_o the_o vein_n so_o that_o truth_n to_o say_v there_o be_v no_o other_o end_n of_o the_o creation_n of_o all_o the_o part_n and_o power_n of_o the_o body_n but_o only_o for_o the_o use_n and_o behoof_n of_o the_o brain_n it_o will_v be_v object_v that_o the_o brain_n can_v accomplish_v his_o function_n without_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o influence_n of_o his_o heat_n i_o answer_v that_o that_o be_v a_o invincible_a argument_n answer_n objection_n answer_n of_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o brain_n for_o the_o end_n for_o which_o a_o thing_n be_v ordain_v be_v more_o noble_a than_o the_o thing_n ordain_v for_o that_o end_n the_o life_n therefore_o and_o the_o heart_n be_v but_o handmaid_n to_o the_o brain_n we_o will_v add_v also_o this_o argument_n which_o happy_o will_v seem_v not_o incompetent_a the_o brain_n give_v figure_n unto_o the_o whole_a body_n for_o the_o head_n be_v make_v only_o for_o the_o brain_n how_o hypocrates_n say_v that_o the_o nature_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bone_n depend_v upon_o hypocrates_n hypocrates_n the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o head_n not_o that_o all_o the_o bone_n derive_v their_o original_n from_o the_o head_n but_o because_o it_o behoove_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v all_o proportionable_o answerable_a to_o the_o bone_n to_o which_o they_o be_v articulate_v as_o the_o leg_n to_o the_o thigh_n the_o thigh_n to_o the_o haunch_n the_o haunch_n to_o the_o holy_a bone_n the_o holy_a bone_n to_o the_o spondle_n or_o rack_n bone_n the_o rack_n bone_n to_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o back_n and_o that_o to_o the_o brain_n for_o satisfaction_n to_o the_o argument_n before_o urge_v by_o the_o peripatetian_o and_o the_o stoic_n we_o say_v that_o the_o etymon_n or_o derivation_n of_o the_o name_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v but_o frivolous_a &_o not_o worthy_a answer_v the_o former_a argument_n of_o the_o peripatetic_n &_o stoic_n answer_v the_o stand_n upon_o for_o the_o scite_fw-la of_o the_o heart_n in_o the_o midst_n it_o do_v weigh_v tantundem_fw-la as_o much_o as_o nothing_o neither_o indeed_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o it_o true_a for_o of_o the_o whole_a body_n the_o navel_n be_v the_o centre_n and_o for_o the_o trunk_n or_o bulk_n who_o ever_o say_v that_o be_v a_o anatomist_n the_o heart_n be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o but_o if_o we_o will_v draw_v a_o argument_n of_o dignity_n from_o the_o situation_n retort_v the_o argument_n retort_v then_o will_v the_o true_a superiority_n fall_v to_o the_o brain_n because_o it_o be_v place_v uppermost_a as_o the_o fire_n above_o the_o inferior_a element_n the_o high_a heaven_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o bless_a soul_n above_o the_o subject_a orb_n for_o to_o be_v place_v above_o be_v high_a superiority_n and_o praeeminence_n to_o be_v thrust_v down_o below_o betoken_v base_a subjection_n and_o inferiority_n as_o for_o that_o place_n of_o hypocrates_n hypocrates_n exposition_n of_o hypocrates_n where_o he_o place_v the_o soul_n in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n either_o he_o speak_v to_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o vulgar_a or_o else_o by_o the_o soul_n he_o mean_v the_o heat_n as_o happy_o we_o shall_v have_v more_o occasion_n to_o show_v hereafter_o we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o of_o the_o principal_a part_n the_o first_o place_n belong_v to_o the_o brain_n the_o next_o to_o the_o heart_n the_o last_o to_o the_o liver_n again_o in_o the_o oeconomie_n or_o order_n of_o the_o part_n this_o rule_n be_v observe_v that_o those_o which_o be_v first_o in_o order_n part_n a_o rule_n in_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o part_n of_o nature_n be_v last_o in_o dignity_n and_o excellency_n so_o the_o infant_n first_o live_v the_o life_n of_o a_o plant_n then_o like_o a_o beast_n it_o move_v and_o become_v sensible_a final_o it_o receive_v its_o perfection_n when_o it_o be_v endue_v with_o the_o reasonable_a soul_n as_o have_v then_o the_o last_o hand_n and_o consummation_n from_o the_o creator_n when_o he_o set_v his_o stamp_n or_o image_n upon_o it_o galen_n in_o the_o last_o chapter_n of_o the_o seven_o book_n of_o his_o method_n compare_v the_o dignity_n and_o necessity_n of_o the_o three_o principal_a part_n one_o with_o another_o in_o these_o word_n the_o dignity_n galen_n galen_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v very_o great_a and_o in_o sick_a patient_n his_o action_n and_o the_o strength_n of_o it_o of_o absolute_a necessity_n part_n a_o conference_n of_o the_o dignity_n &_o necessity_n of_o the_o principal_a part_n the_o brain_n be_v of_o equal_a moment_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o life_n yet_o the_o strength_n of_o his_o action_n be_v not_o so_o immediate_o necessary_a in_o those_o that_o be_v disease_v for_o their_o recovery_n the_o action_n of_o the_o liver_n be_v as_o necessary_a as_o either_o of_o they_o for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o particular_a part_n but_o yet_o for_o present_v &_o immediate_a sustentation_n of_o life_n it_o be_v not_o so_o instant_o necessary_a as_o both_o the_o former_a to_o conclude_v this_o question_n there_o be_v a_o threefold_a principle_n one_o of_o beginning_n another_o of_o dignity_n a_o three_o of_o necessity_n the_o parenchyma_n or_o flesh_n of_o the_o liver_n be_v the_o original_a principle_n the_o brain_n be_v comparison_n the_o decision_n of_o the_o whole_a question_n a_o three_o fold_v principle_n comparison_n the_o most_o noble_a principle_n and_o the_o heart_n of_o most_o necessity_n yet_o they_o all_o have_v such_o a_o mutual_a connexion_n and_o conspiration_n that_o each_o need_v other_o assistance_n and_o if_o one_o of_o they_o decay_v the_o rest_n do_v forthwith_o perish_v even_o as_o in_o a_o well_o govern_v city_n or_o commonwealth_n there_o be_v a_o wise_a senate_n to_o guide_v it_o a_o stout_a and_o valorous_a strength_n of_o soldier_n to_o defend_v and_o redeem_v it_o and_o a_o infinite_a multiplicity_n of_o trade_n and_o occupation_n to_o maintain_v and_o support_v it_o all_o which_o though_o they_o be_v distinguish_v in_o office_n and_o place_n do_v yet_o consent_v in_o one_o and_o conspire_v together_o for_o their_o mutual_a preservation_n and_o this_o conspiration_n galen_n express_v galen_n galen_n to_o the_o life_n in_o his_o book_n deformatione_fw-la foetus_fw-la and_o the_o five_o chap._n thus_o when_o the_o heart_n be_v deprive_v part_n the_o mutual_a conspiration_n of_o the_o principal_a part_n of_o respiration_n it_o cease_v to_o move_v &_o immediate_o death_n ensue_v now_o it_o be_v deprive_v of_o respiration_n when_o the_o nerve_n which_o come_v from_o the_o brain_n be_v either_o cut_v or_o obstruct_v or_o intercept_v as_o therefore_o the_o heart_n need_v the_o help_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o be_v forsake_v by_o it_o make_v a_o divorce_n between_o the_o soul_n and_o the_o body_n so_o it_o also_o make_v retribution_n to_o the_o brain_n supply_v it_o with_o spirit_n of_o life_n out_o of_o which_o the_o animal_n spirit_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v extract_v and_o the_o liver_n though_o it_o lie_v below_o yet_o it_o yield_v matter_n to_o they_o both_o whereof_o and_o whereby_o their_o spirit_n be_v make_v and_o sustain_v but_o against_o this_o doctrine_n of_o the_o consent_n of_o these_o principal_a part_n there_o be_v a_o notable_a place_n of_o galens_n in_o the_o four_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la which_o need_v to_o be_v clear_v galen_n objection_n galen_n before_o we_o fall_v from_o this_o discourse_n for_o he_o say_v as_o pulsation_n and_o voluntary_a motion_n belong_v to_o diverse_a kind_n of_o motion_n so_o neither_o of_o those_o principle_n need_v the_o help_n one_o of_o another_o which_o place_n we_o interpret_v thus_o that_o the_o hart_n do_v not_o transmit_v the_o animal_n faculty_n to_o the_o expound_v a_o hard_a place_n in_o galen_n expound_v brain_n nor_o the_o brain_n the_o faculty_n of_o pulsation_n to_o the_o heart_n because_o the_o temper_n and_o form_n of_o the_o faculty_n be_v diverse_a and_o therefore_o the_o heart_n confer_v nothing_o to_o
be_v to_o moisten_v and_o supple_a the_o hot_a and_o dry_a part_n as_o the_o heart_n to_o make_v the_o motion_n more_o glib_a and_o agile_a adeps_fw-la the_o use_n of_o adeps_fw-la and_o to_o keep_v the_o joint_n of_o the_o great_a bone_n and_o the_o outside_n of_o some_o ligament_n from_o be_v exiccate_v as_o also_o the_o end_n of_o the_o gristle_n of_o the_o fleshy_a membrane_n chap._n viii_o the_o fleshy_a membrane_n first_o so_o call_v by_o the_o arabian_n or_o pannicle_n call_v panniculus_fw-la carnosus_fw-la in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v only_o fleshy_a among_o all_o the_o membrane_n the_o fleshy_a membrane_n membrane_n and_o that_o especial_o in_o beast_n galen_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v a_o membrane_n some_o call_v it_o the_o musculous_a membrane_n because_o in_o those_o creature_n which_o move_v their_o whole_a skin_n it_o be_v so_o sprinkle_v with_o fleshy_a fibres_n that_o it_o seem_v indeed_o to_o be_v a_o muscle_n the_o three_o and_o fourths_o table_n show_v the_o skin-veine_n which_o be_v open_v and_o scarify_v the_o three_o those_o on_o the_o fore-side_n the_o four_o those_o on_o the_o backside_n which_o vein_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n alike_o in_o every_o body_n especial_o those_o that_o use_v to_o be_v open_v tabula_fw-la 3._o tabula_fw-la 4._o this_o membranous_a part_n as_o all_o other_o membrane_n be_v make_v of_o seed_n in_o a_o man_n it_o be_v under_o it_o the_o connexion_n of_o it_o the_o fat_a but_o in_o ape_n dog_n sheep_n and_o such_o like_a it_o lie_v immediate_o under_o the_o skin_n it_o compass_v the_o whole_a body_n and_o close_o cleave_v to_o the_o skin_n by_o the_o mediation_n of_o many_o vein_n but_o few_o nerve_n and_o artery_n diverse_o propagate_v and_o through_o it_o climb_v up_o thither_o whereto_o also_o help_v the_o addition_n of_o fleshy_a fibres_n it_o cleave_v also_o to_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o muscle_n under_o it_o but_o by_o more_o slender_a fibres_n it_o be_v say_v by_o some_o to_o have_v his_o original_a from_o the_o back_n because_o it_o cleave_v thereto_o most_o inseparable_o and_o there_o resemble_v the_o other_o membrane_n but_o where_o it_o touch_v the_o arm_n hole_n it_o become_v in_o dog_n and_o ape_n very_o fleshy_a galen_n say_v musculous_a in_o infant_n it_o resemble_v flesh_n altogether_o because_o of_o the_o abundance_n of_o blood_n wherein_o it_o be_v steep_v in_o grow_a body_n by_o reason_n of_o continual_a exiccation_n it_o become_v like_o a_o membrane_n 7._o gal._n 1._o admin_n &_o 5._o eiusdem_fw-la 7._o yet_o so_o that_o in_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o neck_n and_o in_o the_o forehead_n it_o cleave_v to_o it_o so_o fast_o with_o his_o fleshy_a fibre_n that_o it_o can_v â—neath_o be_v separate_v and_o to_o the_o broad_a muscle_n that_o it_o be_v think_v to_o give_v he_o his_o body_n it_o be_v in_o a_o man_n except_o the_o forehead_n immooveable_a in_o beast_n it_o be_v not_o only_o mooveable_a itself_o but_o also_o make_v the_o skin_n mooveable_a especial_o in_o the_o neck_n by_o shake_v whereof_o they_o drive_v away_o the_o fly_n but_o a_o horse_n in_o shake_v of_o his_o skin_n will_v men._n where_o it_o be_v mooveable_a in_o men._n sometime_o shake_v a_o unskilful_a rider_n out_o of_o his_o seat_n in_o the_o inner_a part_n which_o be_v next_o to_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o muscle_n this_o fleshy_a panicle_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o slimy_a moisture_n wherewith_o almost_o all_o membrane_n be_v cover_v it_o be_v slippery_a that_o it_o may_v not_o hinder_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o beast_n in_o beast_n muscle_n and_o it_o have_v a_o exquisite_a sense_n so_o that_o if_o it_o be_v goad_v by_o any_o sharp_a humour_n it_o cause_v a_o rigour_n or_o shiver_a the_o use_n of_o this_o membrane_n be_v to_o compass_v the_o whole_a body_n it_o the_o use_n of_o it_o to_o cover_v and_o defend_v it_o to_o hinder_v the_o fat_a from_o be_v melt_v by_o the_o continual_a motion_n of_o the_o muscle_n it_o support_v also_o say_v galen_n 3._o amintstrat_n anat._n 2._o the_o vessel_n which_o attain_v unto_o the_o skin_n because_o there_o pass_v between_o it_o and_o this_o membrane_n not_o only_o many_o capillarie_n galen_n galen_n and_o threddy_o vein_n but_o also_o those_o which_o we_o use_v to_o divide_v in_o blood-letting_n together_o with_o many_o artery_n and_o sinew_n final_o it_o help_v to_o consolidate_v or_o heal_v up_o the_o skin_n when_o it_o be_v wound_v or_o otherwise_o violate_v for_o without_o flesh_n it_o can_v reunite_v so_o say_v aristotle_n in_o his_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr historia_fw-la animalium_fw-la 11._o wheresoever_o the_o skin_n be_v without_o flesh_n aristotle_n aristotle_n there_o it_o can_v reunite_v be_v divide_v in_o brute_n beast_n the_o thickness_n and_o fastness_n of_o this_o membrane_n reteyn_v the_o bloody_a vapour_n and_o turn_v they_o into_o good_a blood_n and_o beside_o it_o make_v their_o skin_n mooveable_a and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o common_a contain_v or_o invest_v part_n but_o because_o we_o make_v mention_v even_o now_o of_o the_o vein_n which_o run_v between_o the_o skin_n &_o the_o fleshy_a membrane_n which_o be_v usual_o many_o of_o they_o open_v in_o phlebotomy_n and_o for_o that_o young_a surgeon_n have_v need_n be_v betimes_o acquaint_v with_o they_o we_o have_v on_o the_o former_a side_n of_o the_o leaf_n add_v two_o table_n and_o their_o exposition_n at_o large_a by_o which_o he_o that_o list_v may_v in_o one_o view_n see_v all_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o skin_n vein_n how_o they_o be_v seat_v and_o beside_o learn_v to_o call_v they_o by_o their_o name_n that_o when_o he_o be_v command_v he_o may_v know_v how_o to_o buckle_v himself_o to_o his_o business_n chap._n ix_o of_o the_o invest_v or_o contain_v part_n proper_a to_o the_o low_a belly_n the_o proper_a contain_v part_n whereby_o the_o low_a belly_n be_v invest_v be_v the_o muscle_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la or_o paunch_n and_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la or_o paunch_n 8._o muscle_n of_o the_o paunch_n rim_z of_o the_o belly_n the_o muscle_n be_v in_o all_o body_n always_o eight_o four_o on_o either_o side_n match_v equal_o in_o figure_n magnitude_n strength_n and_o action_n of_o these_o there_o be_v four_o oblique_a two_o right_a &_o two_o transuerse_a all_o of_o they_o have_v these_o appellation_n from_o the_o situation_n and_o the_o texture_n of_o their_o fibre_n in_o dissection_n the_o oblique_a external_a pair_n do_v first_o offer_v themselves_o which_o be_v the_o broad_a of_o all_o the_o rest_n next_o follow_v the_o oblique_a internal_a the_o anatomist_n do_v usual_o call_v the_o former_a oblique_a descendants_n the_o latter_a oblique_a ascendant_n but_o how_o proper_o or_o improper_o we_o shall_v show_v hereafter_o next_o to_o these_o follow_v the_o two_o right_a muscle_n in_o who_o inward_a part_n do_v appear_v those_o vein_n ascend_v and_o descend_v which_o conjoin_v about_o the_o navel_n under_o all_o these_o lie_v the_o two_o tranuerse_v muscle_n out_o two_o other_o muscle_n late_o find_v out_o there_o be_v also_o in_o some_o body_n two_o other_o small_a muscle_n call_v succenturiati_fw-la assister_n or_o piramidales_n that_o be_v the_o spiry_n muscle_n the_o history_n of_o all_o these_o muscle_n as_o also_o the_o controversy_n and_o diverse_a opinion_n concern_v they_o we_o will_v at_o large_a prosecute_v in_o our_o book_n of_o muscle_n whither_o for_o satisfaction_n we_o refer_v the_o reader_n next_o under_o these_o lie_v the_o peritonaeum_fw-la or_o rim_n of_o the_o belly_n a_o thin_a membrane_n like_a unto_o belly_n peritonaeum_fw-la or_o rim_n of_o the_o belly_n a_o spider_n web_n which_o enwrap_v all_o the_o inward_a part_n in_o this_o venture_n contain_v towards_o the_o bladder_n especial_o it_o be_v evident_o duplicate_v betwixt_o which_o duplication_n those_o vessel_n which_o the_o ancient_n call_v vasa_n umbilicalia_fw-la the_o navel_n vessel_n be_v carry_v of_o all_o which_o if_o follow_v vessel_n the_o umbilical_a vessel_n now_o that_o we_o snould_v entreat_v beginning_n with_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la chap._n x._o of_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la or_o rim_n of_o the_o belly_n the_o muscle_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la and_o their_o tendon_n be_v remoove_v we_o meet_v peritonaeum_fw-la the_o rim_n of_o the_o belly_n or_o peritonaeum_fw-la with_o a_o membrane_n ingirt_a the_o whole_a cavity_n of_o the_o low_a belly_n which_o they_o call_v the_o peritonaeum_fw-la imitate_v herein_o hypocrates_n and_o galen_n who_o give_v it_o that_o name_n because_o it_o compass_v all_o those_o part_n which_o lie_v between_o the_o midriff_n 4._o 7._o epidem_fw-la 6_o admin_n an._n 4._o and_o the_o thigh_n or_o because_o it_o firm_v or_o strengthen_v all_o the_o viscera_fw-la or_o entrails_n that_o it_o contain_v the_o arabian_n call_v it_o ziphachi_n as_o they_o call_v all_o other_o membrane_n and_o particular_o charmel_n other_o call_v
mitigation_n it_o gather_v still_o to_o the_o centre_n afterward_o nature_n have_v get_v the_o victory_n she_o drive_v it_o as_o far_o from_o she_o as_o be_v possible_a even_o to_o the_o skin_n as_o we_o see_v it_o fall_v out_o in_o critical_a sweat_n in_o the_o meazel_v small_a pock_n and_o such_o like_a now_o if_o the_o putrid_a excrement_n have_v no_o disposition_n to_o the_o circunference_n in_o live_a body_n when_o the_o secret_a passage_n of_o the_o body_n be_v open_a the_o skin_n porous_a &_o the_o faculty_n every_o where_o at_o work_n how_o shall_v it_o pass_v that_o way_n after_o those_o passage_n and_o pore_n be_v fall_v the_o habit_n forsake_v of_o the_o spirit_n &_o the_o transpirable_a way_n lock_v up_o under_o the_o seal_n of_o death_n it_o seem_v therefore_o more_o reasonable_a to_o think_v that_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o hair_n which_o be_v add_v after_o death_n be_v a_o surplusage_n of_o the_o last_o concoction_n celebrate_v in_o the_o habit_n of_o the_o body_n and_o remain_v in_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o vessel_n which_o determine_v in_o the_o skin_n which_o be_v in_o that_o place_n intercept_v by_o the_o extinction_n of_o natural_a heat_n and_o have_v no_o spirit_n to_o guide_v it_o backward_o yet_o have_v before_o attain_v the_o perfection_n which_o the_o faculty_n can_v impart_v unto_o it_o work_v itself_o a_o way_n through_o the_o skin_n but_o this_o knot_n will_v easy_o be_v untie_v if_o we_o consider_v that_o after_o death_n the_o answer_n answer_n hair_n do_v not_o grow_v or_o increase_v in_o any_o place_n of_o the_o body_n but_o only_o in_o such_o as_o wherein_o there_o be_v hair_n stand_v in_o the_o time_n of_o life_n to_o the_o root_n whereof_o as_o i_o say_v before_o the_o heat_n proceed_v from_o putrefaction_n be_v sufficient_a to_o drive_v though_o not_o any_o humour_n yet_o a_o vapour_n which_o may_v pass_v where_o the_o way_n be_v before_o thrill_v and_o bore_v but_o can_v where_n the_o skin_n be_v not_o notable_o perforate_v again_o there_o be_v a_o double_a limit_n beyond_o which_o the_o excrescence_n of_o the_o hair_n do_v not_o proceed_v for_o if_o either_o the_o confluence_n of_o the_o vapour_n to_o those_o pore_n make_v a_o damp_n as_o in_o process_n of_o time_n it_o will_v or_o the_o putrefaction_n of_o the_o vapour_n grow_v to_o a_o venom_n than_o the_o hair_n cease_v to_o increase_v but_o fall_v not_o so_o soon_o in_o dead_a carcase_n as_o in_o live_a man_n because_o the_o air_n exiccate_v and_o dry_v the_o skin_n wherein_o the_o root_n be_v fasten_v but_o in_o those_o that_o be_v alive_a who_o skin_n be_v open_a they_o fall_v not_o upon_o a_o damp_n for_o there_o can_v be_v no_o such_o thing_n in_o a_o live_a body_n but_o upon_o a_o confluence_n of_o a_o venomous_a vapour_n as_o we_o see_v in_o the_o french_a disease_n and_o the_o leprosy_n and_o so_o much_o of_o the_o hair_n whether_o the_o skin_n be_v the_o organ_n or_o instrument_n of_o touch_v qvest._n ii_o the_o philosopher_n and_o physician_n strive_v about_o the_o instrument_n of_o argument_n the_o peripatecian_o argument_n touch_v aristotle_n and_o alexander_n call_v flesh_n sometime_o the_o medium_n or_o mean_a through_o which_o we_o feel_v sometime_o the_o organ_n or_o instrument_n of_o feel_v itself_o but_o never_o the_o skin_n first_o because_o the_o skin_n be_v of_o itself_o insensible_a and_o sensible_a only_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o flesh_n for_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o head_n which_o be_v without_o flesh_n say_v they_o be_v insensible_a second_o because_o flesh_n bare_v or_o expose_v to_o the_o air_n be_v more_o painful_a than_o the_o skin_n three_o because_o there_o be_v a_o more_o exquisite_a and_o discern_a sense_n in_o the_o flesh_n then_o in_o the_o skin_n for_o that_o jeweller_n and_o lapidary_n do_v more_o accurate_o discern_v the_o difference_n of_o roughness_n and_o smoothness_n and_o such_o touchable_a quality_n by_o the_o tongue_n then_o by_o the_o hand_n and_o be_v able_a to_o distinguish_v between_o natural_a and_o fictitious_a precious_a stone_n only_o by_o the_o touch_n of_o the_o tongue_n last_o because_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o axiom_n a_o axiom_n philosophy_n that_o the_o sensible_a subject_n be_v place_v immediate_o upon_o the_o instrument_n of_o sense_n be_v not_o sensible_a but_o such_o sensible_a subject_n place_v immediate_o upon_o the_o skin_n be_v feel_v therefore_o the_o skin_n be_v not_o the_o instrument_n of_o touch_v to_o these_o may_v be_v add_v the_o authority_n of_o avicen_n who_o write_v that_o the_o skin_n feel_v not_o 1._o avicen_n fen._n 1._o cap._n doctr._fw-la 4._o cap._n 1._o equal_a body_n or_o object_n if_o it_o feel_v not_o equal_a object_n then_o be_v it_o not_o the_o proper_a organ_n or_o instrument_n of_o touch_v because_o every_o instrument_n of_o sense_n which_o the_o grecian_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d apprehende_v both_o extreme_a &_o also_o middle_a object_n so_o the_o eye_n see_v both_o the_o extreme_a colour_n which_o be_v black_a and_o white_a and_o also_o all_o middle_a colour_n make_v of_o their_o mixture_n whether_o they_o contain_v less_o or_o more_o of_o either_o of_o the_o extreme_n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o physician_n affirm_v skin_n the_o physician_n opinion_n their_o argument_n take_v from_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o skin_n the_o skin_n to_o be_v the_o instrument_n of_o touch_v which_o will_v appear_v to_o be_v the_o probable_a and_o likely_a opinion_n whether_o we_o consider_v the_o temper_n the_o structure_n or_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o skin_n for_o the_o temper_n the_o skin_n be_v the_o most_o temperate_a of_o all_o the_o part_n in_o the_o very_a midst_n of_o the_o extreme_n and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o canon_n or_o rule_n of_o they_o all_o and_o therefore_o can_v give_v a_o more_o perfect_a judgement_n of_o the_o tactible_a quality_n aristotle_n have_v determine_v that_o every_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o instrument_n of_o sense_n shall_v be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d yellow_a 2._o the_o animal_n why_o jaundy_n eye_n think_v all_o thing_n yellow_a that_o be_v devoyde_a of_o all_o quality_n whereby_o that_o sense_n be_v affect_v so_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n which_o receive_v the_o image_n and_o spectre_n of_o visible_a thing_n be_v devoide_a of_o all_o colour_n the_o yellow_a eye_n of_o those_o that_o be_v full_a of_o the_o jaundice_n imagine_v all_o thing_n to_o be_v yellow_a if_o the_o tongue_n be_v moisten_a with_o choler_n all_o thing_n though_o sweet_a have_v a_o bitter_a tange_fw-la in_o the_o nose_n there_o be_v no_o particular_a and_o peculiar_a send_v no_o sound_n natural_o reside_v in_o the_o ear_n right_o so_o the_o skin_n which_o have_v no_o excess_n of_o quality_n be_v to_o be_v esteem_v the_o organ_n or_o instrument_n of_o touch_v if_o we_o consider_v the_o structure_n of_o the_o skin_n there_o be_v more_o nerve_n disseminated_a into_o it_o then_o into_o the_o flesh_n but_o the_o nerve_n be_v the_o common_a convayer_n of_o all_o sensible_a spirit_n which_o they_o continual_o minister_v unto_o the_o sense_n whereby_o their_o operation_n be_v perpetuate_v and_o for_o skin_n the_o structure_n of_o the_o skin_n the_o situation_n of_o the_o skin_n the_o situation_n of_o the_o skin_n it_o be_v much_o more_o commodious_a than_o that_o of_o the_o flesh_n because_o it_o be_v near_o to_o the_o occursation_n or_o confluence_n of_o outward_a object_n because_o it_o be_v the_o limit_n and_o border_n as_o it_o be_v of_o all_o the_o part_n the_o skin_n therefore_o be_v rather_o the_o instrument_n or_o organ_n of_o touch_v then_o the_o flesh_n as_o for_o the_o forename_a objection_n of_o the_o peripatecian_o they_o be_v easy_o first_o answer_n to_o the_o peripatecian_o argument_n the_o first_o answer_v for_o first_o we_o deny_v that_o the_o skin_n feel_v by_o help_n of_o the_o flesh_n i_o instance_n thus_o cut_v a_o nerve_n which_o end_v into_o the_o flesh_n present_o the_o motion_n will_v cease_v but_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o skin_n will_v remain_v but_o if_o a_o nerve_n be_v cut_v which_o pass_v unto_o the_o skin_n present_o the_o sense_n itself_o will_v be_v abolish_v again_o true_a it_o be_v that_o flesh_n when_o it_o be_v bare_v be_v more_o sensible_a and_o second_o the_o second_o painful_a than_o the_o skin_n but_o the_o reason_n of_o that_o be_v because_o it_o be_v loose_a and_o less_o accustom_v to_o outward_a injury_n of_o the_o air_n or_o aught_o else_o whereas_o the_o skin_n be_v so_o accustom_a to_o the_o air_n that_o it_o feel_v it_o not_o so_o the_o tooth_n be_v usual_o oppose_v to_o the_o air_n be_v not_o affect_v therewith_o but_o other_o bone_n if_o they_o be_v bare_v do_v present_o putrify_v to_o proceed_v the_o tongue_n have_v a_o more_o exquisite_a apprehension_n of_o the_o coldness_n and_o inequality_n of_o precious_a stone_n
exolution_n or_o faint_v away_o of_o the_o appetitive_a faculty_n on_o the_o contrary_a in_o the_o dogge-appetite_n there_o be_v no_o inanition_n or_o emptiness_n of_o the_o part_n but_o a_o exquisite_a sense_n of_o suction_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o cool_a and_o sour_a humour_n there_o impact_v appetite_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o dog_n appetite_n and_o it_o be_v cure_v theorexi_n that_o be_v by_o drink_v of_o wine_n as_o hypocrates_n witness_v hence_o therefore_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o animal_n appetite_n be_v stir_v up_o in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n hypocrates_n hypocrates_n apho._n 21_o sect_n 2_o hypocrates_n which_o be_v endue_v with_o so_o exquisite_a sense_n that_o it_o be_v call_v the_o organ_n or_o instrument_n of_o touch_v by_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o instrument_n of_o smell_v there_o remain_v yet_o one_o scruple_n how_o the_o appetitive_a faculty_n stand_v in_o reference_n to_o the_o sensitive_a shall_v have_v his_o seat_n in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n see_v it_o be_v of_o all_o hand_n determine_v objection_n objection_n that_o the_o seat_n of_o all_o the_o animal_n faculty_n be_v in_o the_o brain_n the_o answer_n be_v easy_a and_o at_o hand_n to_o wit_n that_o the_o faculty_n itself_o be_v in_o the_o brain_n but_o the_o work_n efficacy_n and_o action_n thereof_o in_o the_o stomach_n so_o the_o faculty_n of_o see_v be_v in_o the_o brain_n but_o the_o sight_n be_v accomplish_v answer_n answer_n in_o the_o eye_n the_o move_a faculty_n be_v likewise_o in_o the_o brain_n yet_o be_v the_o muscle_n the_o immediate_a organ_n of_o voluntary_a motion_n if_o any_o man_n object_n that_o the_o liver_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o appetetive_a faculty_n we_o answer_v that_o object_n object_n the_o appetite_n reside_v in_o it_o be_v concupiscible_a and_o without_o sense_n and_o not_o sensitive_a at_o all_o but_o we_o must_v not_o there_o forget_v that_o though_o this_o appetite_n of_o the_o stomach_n be_v with_o sense_n yet_o it_o be_v answer_n answer_n not_o join_v with_o knowledge_n or_o discretion_n caution_n caution_n qvest._n ix_o of_o the_o situation_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o uppermost_a mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n the_o difference_n or_o controversy_n concern_v the_o scite_fw-la of_o this_o orifice_n be_v neither_o light_n nor_o unprofitable_a because_o the_o resolution_n thereof_o stint_v the_o strife_n among_o the_o physician_n concern_v the_o application_n of_o topical_a or_o local_a medicine_n all_o man_n do_v agree_v that_o it_o incline_v rather_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n then_o to_o the_o right_n but_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o it_o be_v near_o the_o spin_v of_o the_o back_n or_o the_o gristle_n and_o blade_n of_o the_o breast_n some_o think_v that_o nature_n frame_v this_o gristle_n to_o be_v a_o defence_n for_o it_o and_o for_o no_o other_o cause_n orifice_n the_o scite_fw-la of_o the_o upper_a orifice_n and_o therefore_o have_v place_v it_o there-und_a for_o say_v they_o those_o that_o vomit_n or_o reach_v for_o it_o do_v find_v a_o pain_n at_o this_o gristle_n and_o none_o at_o the_o spin_v or_o rack_n of_o the_o back_n and_o hypocrates_n conceive_v that_o the_o extuberation_n or_o distension_n of_o the_o stomach_n at_o the_o orifice_n be_v not_o backward_o but_o forward_o whereas_o he_o say_v that_o the_o repletion_n of_o the_o stomach_n be_v a_o direction_n for_o break_a rib_n we_o with_o galen_n do_v assign_v the_o place_n of_o this_o orifice_n to_o be_v in_o the_o left_a part_n towards_o 3._o hypocrates_n lib._n the_o articulus_a sect_n 3._o the_o spin_v not_o that_o it_o lie_v or_o rest_v upon_o it_o as_o the_o gullet_n do_v but_o because_o it_o come_v near_a to_o the_o spin_v then_o to_o the_o breast-blade_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o when_o the_o gullet_n or_o the_o upper_a orifice_n be_v affect_v we_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o apply_v local_a medicine_n both_o to_o the_o backpart_n medicine_n where_o to_o apply_v local_a medicine_n and_o to_o the_o forepart_n that_o that_o be_v propound_v concern_v the_o pain_n of_o they_o that_o reach_v to_o vomit_v and_o the_o direction_n for_o the_o rib_n be_v to_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o bottom_n and_o not_o to_o the_o upper_a mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n for_o as_o we_o have_v observe_v the_o meat_n which_o we_o eat_v be_v not_o contain_v in_o his_o mouth_n or_o orificies_n but_o in_o his_o cavitie_n which_o we_o do_v not_o deny_v do_v rather_o lean_a to_o the_o breast-blade_n then_o to_o the_o spin_v but_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o breast_n bone_n be_v pain_v when_o the_o upper_a orifice_n be_v affect_v be_v affect_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o pain_n at_o the_o breast_n bone_n when_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n be_v affect_v mere_o anatomicall_a the_o midriff_n be_v tie_v to_o the_o bone_n and_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n adhaer_v to_o the_o large_a passage_n make_v in_o the_o midriff_n for_o his_o conveyance_n thereout_o and_o therefore_o the_o breast-blade_n be_v pain_v by_o this_o continuity_n because_o pain_n be_v rather_o feel_v in_o the_o extremity_n or_o end_n then_o in_o the_o midst_n as_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o streatched_a membrane_n concern_v the_o sympathy_n or_o consent_n of_o this_o orifice_n with_o the_o heart_n and_o membrane_n of_o the_o brain_n hypocrates_n and_o galen_n be_v very_o plentiful_a for_o this_o mouth_n be_v affect_v the_o syncope_n or_o brain_n the_o consent_n of_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n with_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o brain_n sound_v the_o exolution_n or_o faint_v of_o the_o spirit_n and_o such_o like_a symptom_n do_v overtake_v we_o as_o when_o the_o heart_n itself_o suffer_v violence_n whence_o this_o part_n among_o the_o ancient_n as_o we_o say_v before_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o wound_n of_o the_o head_n the_o skull_n be_v either_o break_a or_o sâ—ivered_v and_o the_o dura_n meninx_n or_o thick_a membrane_n of_o the_o brain_n expose_v or_o lay_v open_a to_o the_o air_n which_o be_v uncouth_a or_o strange_a unto_o it_o the_o patient_n present_o vomit_v yellow_a and_o galen_n why_o vomit_n follow_v the_o wound_n of_o the_o brain_n galen_n aeruginous_a or_o green_a choler_n because_o the_o stomach_n by_o reason_n of_o society_n be_v draw_v into_o consent_n and_o sympathize_v with_o the_o membrane_n as_o well_o because_o of_o the_o similitude_n and_o likeness_n of_o the_o substance_n as_o also_o of_o the_o community_n of_o vessel_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a cause_n of_o consent_n or_o sympathy_n as_o galen_n observe_v in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o the_o first_o section_n of_o the_o 3._o book_n of_o hypocrates_n epidemia_n qvest._n x._o whether_o the_o chylus_n be_v make_v by_o the_o heat_n or_o by_o the_o form_n of_o the_o stomach_n and_o why_o the_o stomach_n do_v not_o breed_v four_o substance_n and_o excrement_n as_o well_o as_o the_o liver_n the_o remove_n of_o these_o two_o obstacle_n and_o dissolution_n of_o the_o doubt_n arise_v in_o they_o shall_v need_v no_o great_a curiosity_n the_o first_o we_o will_v determine_v thus_o the_o chylus_n be_v form_v not_o so_o much_o by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o heat_n as_o by_o the_o ingenite_fw-la property_n of_o the_o stomach_n true_a it_o be_v that_o all_o concoction_n be_v accomplish_v by_o part_n why_o the_o stomach_n be_v encompass_v with_o warm_a part_n the_o help_n and_o assistance_n of_o heat_n and_o therefore_o nature_n have_v provide_v that_o the_o stomach_n shall_v be_v cherish_v and_o comfort_v on_o every_o side_n above_o and_o below_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o on_o the_o left_a before_o and_o behind_o but_o this_o concoction_n belong_v not_o to_o the_o heat_n as_o it_o be_v heat_n for_o by_o that_o reason_n fiery_a and_o aguish_a heat_n which_o corrupt_v all_o thing_n shall_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o concoction_n but_o as_o it_o be_v the_o instrument_n of_o the_o soul_n but_o that_o which_o we_o call_v chylification_n or_o make_v of_o the_o chylus_n proceed_v alone_o from_o the_o form_n and_o propriety_n of_o the_o stomach_n because_o in_o other_o part_n save_v this_o the_o natural_a heat_n though_o it_o be_v very_o strong_a substance_n a_o double_a reason_n why_o the_o stomach_n breed_v not_o 4._o substance_n and_o intense_a yet_o do_v not_o chylifie_v now_o why_o the_o stomach_n as_o the_o liver_n do_v not_o beget_v or_o breed_v four_o kind_n of_o substance_n there_o may_v be_v a_o double_a reason_n assign_v one_o from_o the_o matter_n another_o from_o the_o efficient_a the_o efficient_a or_o work_a cause_n be_v natural_a heat_n which_o if_o it_o be_v very_o strong_a it_o powerful_o efficient_a the_o first_o from_o the_o efficient_a and_o effectual_o or_o real_o separate_v hetrogenia_n that_o be_v part_n that_o be_v unlike_a or_o of_o different_a nature_n but_o all_o man_n know_v that_o the_o liver_n be_v so_o much_o hot_a than_o
situation_n of_o the_o hart_n and_o particular_o the_o forepart_n thereof_o tabula_fw-la ix_o fig_n i._o the_o second_o figure_n fig_n ii_o the_o coat_n be_v proper_a to_o the_o heart_n very_o thin_a and_o fine_a vesalius_n liken_n it_o to_o the_o membrane_n that_o compass_v the_o muscle_n this_o invest_v it_o as_o that_o of_o the_o muscle_n and_o so_o strengthen_v coat_n the_o coat_n his_o substance_n from_o which_o it_o can_v be_v sever_v the_o fat_a call_v pinguedo_fw-la with_o columbus_n or_o adeps_fw-la with_o galen_n and_o aristotle_n or_o both_o with_o archangelus_n be_v very_o plentiful_o gather_v about_o it_o like_v glue_v especial_o at_o the_o basis_n where_o the_o great_a vessel_n be_v place_v because_o there_o be_v the_o concoction_n celebrate_v of_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v contain_v in_o it_o &_o not_o in_o the_o cone_n or_o point_n be_v the_o fat_a of_o what_o kind_n it_o be_v this_o fat_a be_v hard_a than_o it_o be_v in_o any_o other_o part_n and_o therefore_o it_o shall_v seem_v rather_o to_o be_v adeps_fw-la then_o pinguedo_fw-la and_o that_o be_v galens_n and_o aristotle_n reason_n for_o if_o it_o be_v pinguedo_fw-la it_o will_v melt_v with_o â—â—e_v extreme_a heat_n of_o the_o heart_n to_o great_a disadvantage_n howsoever_o the_o use_n of_o this_o fat_a â—â—to_n moisten_v the_o hart_n least_o be_v overheat_v with_o his_o continual_a motion_n it_o shall_v fat_a the_o use_n of_o fat_a grow_v dry_a and_o exiccated_a but_o this_o kind_n of_o fatty_a humidity_n be_v hardly_o consume_v but_o remain_v to_o cherish_v it_o and_o to_o anoint_v and_o supple_a the_o vessel_n that_o they_o cleave_v not_o with_o too_o great_a heat_n and_o drought_n moreover_o the_o heart_n be_v the_o fountain_n of_o heat_n which_o continual_o flame_v it_o serve_v for_o a_o sufficient_a and_o necessary_a nutriment_n whereby_o it_o be_v cherish_v and_o refresh_v &_o in_o great_a affamishment_n nourish_v and_o sustain_v lest_o otherwise_o the_o heart_n shall_v too_o soon_o depopulate_v and_o consume_v the_o radical_a moisture_n wherefore_o galen_n ascribe_v this_o use_n to_o fat_a that_o in_o great_a heat_n famine_n &_o violent_a exercise_n it_o shall_v stand_v at_o the_o stake_n to_o supply_v the_o want_n of_o nature_n at_o a_o pinch_n so_o say_v avicen_n fat_n be_v of_o all_o kind_n be_v increase_v or_o diminish_v in_o the_o body_n according_a to_o the_o increase_n or_o diminution_n of_o heat_n wherefore_o heat_n feed_v upon_o they_o we_o have_v often_o observe_v in_o open_v of_o the_o ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n in_o the_o very_a cavity_n of_o they_o a_o certain_a gobbet_n or_o morsel_n if_o not_o of_o fat_a yet_o of_o a_o substance_n very_o like_o it_o so_o that_o heart_n a_o substance_n like_o fat_a observe_v in_o the_o ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n we_o have_v more_o wonder_v how_o that_o shall_v in_o such_o a_o furnace_n congeal_v than_o the_o other_o in_o the_o outside_n the_o cone_n be_v always_o moisten_a by_o the_o humour_n contain_v in_o the_o pericardium_n the_o vessel_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v of_o all_o kind_n which_o do_v compass_v the_o heart_n round_o about_o table_n 9_o figure_n 2._o l_o and_o branch_n from_o these_o ll_o table_n 10._o figure_n 2._o d_o the_o vein_n be_v call_v coronaria_fw-la coronaria_fw-la the_o vein_n call_v coronaria_fw-la or_o the_o crown_n vein_n arise_v from_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n table_n 6._o e_o before_o it_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n and_o sometime_o it_o be_v double_a this_o engirt_v round_o like_o a_o crown_n the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o have_v a_o value_n set_v to_o it_o lest_o the_o blood_n shall_v recoil_v into_o the_o hollow_a vein_n from_o this_o crown_n vein_n be_v sprinkle_v branch_n downward_o along_o the_o face_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o on_o the_o left_a side_n be_v more_o and_o large_a because_o it_o be_v thick_a &_o more_o solid_a than_o the_o right_a side_n this_o bring_v good_a and_o thick_a blood_n labour_v only_o in_o the_o liver_n to_o nourish_v this_o thick_a and_o solid_a part_n that_o the_o aliment_n may_v be_v proportionable_a to_o that_o it_o shall_v nourish_v need_v what_o nourishment_n the_o hart_n need_v by_o this_o vessel_n also_o it_o may_v be_v believe_v that_o the_o natural_a soul_n reside_v in_o the_o natural_a spirit_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o heart_n with_o all_o his_o faculty_n it_o have_v also_o two_o artery_n call_v coronorias_n table_n 12._o figure_n 1._o bb_v proceed_v from_o the_o artery_n the_o artery_n descend_a trunk_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n which_o together_o with_o the_o vein_n be_v distribute_v through_o his_o substance_n to_o cherish_v his_o inbred_a heat_n and_o supply_v vital_a spirit_n do_v preserve_v his_o life_n for_o if_o the_o heart_n do_v live_v by_o the_o spirit_n perfect_v in_o his_o left_a ventricle_n and_o carry_v unto_o his_o substance_n without_o artery_n than_o also_o may_v the_o same_o spirit_n pass_v through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o hart_n live_v by_o what_o spirit_n the_o heart_n live_v and_o so_o be_v lose_v it_o have_v also_o nerve_n but_o very_o small_a one_o from_o the_o sixth_o conjugation_n table_n 10._o figure_n 1._o k_o or_o from_o the_o nerve_n which_o be_v send_v unto_o the_o pericardium_n which_o be_v distribute_v into_o his_o basis_n nerve_n the_o nerve_n table_n 10._o figure_n 2._o h_z close_v by_o the_o arterial_a vein_n but_o not_o very_o perspicuous_o and_o as_o some_o think_v for_o sense_n only_o and_o not_o for_o motion_n because_o his_o motion_n be_v natural_a and_o not_o animal_n but_o say_v archangelus_n if_o there_o must_v be_v but_o one_o and_o not_o two_o principle_n of_o motion_n in_o we_o then_o shall_v the_o brain_n be_v also_o the_o original_n of_o all_o motion_n because_o it_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o sensible_a soul_n for_o that_o opinion_n of_o aristotle_n who_o attribute_v unto_o the_o heart_n only_o all_o the_o power_n and_o faculty_n of_o the_o foul_a galen_n and_o the_o late_a writer_n do_v with_o one_o consent_n disavow_v and_o so_o nerve_n archangelus_n his_o conceit_n that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o hart_n come_v from_o his_o nerve_n this_o nerve_n shall_v minister_v unto_o the_o heart_n not_o only_a sense_n but_o also_o motion_n and_o both_o their_o faculty_n and_o also_o the_o faculty_n of_o pulsation_n or_o the_o motion_n of_o dilatation_n and_o constriction_n and_o this_o nerve_n sometime_o though_o seldom_o be_v sudden_o stop_v whence_o come_v hasty_a and_o unexpected_a death_n which_o we_o call_v sudden_a death_n the_o faculty_n of_o life_n and_o pulsation_n be_v restrain_v so_o that_o they_o can_v flow_v into_o the_o heart_n but_o we_o with_o gal._n in_o the_o 8._o chap._n of_o his_o seven_o death_n a_o cause_n of_o sudden_a death_n book_n de_fw-fr anatom_n administ_n will_v determine_v for_o our_o part_n that_o the_o faculty_n of_o pulsation_n arise_v out_o of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o heart_n not_o from_o the_o nerve_n for_o then_o when_o these_o be_v cut_v away_o the_o pulse_n shall_v cease_v and_o the_o hart_n take_v out_o of_o the_o chest_n can_v not_o be_v move_v which_o we_o find_v otherwise_o by_o dissection_n of_o live_a creature_n chap._n xii_o of_o the_o substance_n ventricle_n and_o ear_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o substance_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v a_o thick_a table_n 10._o figure_n 3._o show_v this_o and_o red_a thick_a the_o substance_n of_o the_o heart_n why_o so_o thick_a flesh_n be_v make_v of_o the_o thick_a part_n of_o the_o blood_n it_o be_v less_o red_a than_o the_o flesh_n of_o muscle_n but_o hard_a more_o solid_a and_o dense_a that_o the_o spirit_n and_o inbred_a hear_v which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o heart_n and_o from_o thence_o pour_v into_o all_o part_n of_o the_o body_n shall_v not_o exhale_v and_o that_o it_o may_v not_o be_v break_v or_o rend_v in_o his_o strong_a motion_n and_o continual_a dilatation_n and_o constriction_n and_o it_o be_v more_o compact_n spisse_fw-la and_o solid_a in_o the_o cone_n then_o in_o the_o basis_n because_o there_o the_o right_a fibres_fw-fr meet_v together_o 〈◊〉_d more_o compact_a right_a as_o it_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o head_n or_o tendon_n of_o the_o muscle_n this_o flesh_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o vital_a faculty_n and_o the_o primary_n and_o chief_a cause_n of_o the_o function_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o faculty_n where_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o vital_a faculty_n consist_v especial_o in_o the_o make_n of_o vital_a blood_n and_o spirit_n for_o it_o have_v all_o manner_n of_o fibres_fw-fr right_a oblique_a and_o transuerse_a most_o strong_a and_o most_o compact_a and_o mingle_v one_o with_o another_o and_o therefore_o not_o conspicuous_a as_o in_o a_o muscle_n as_o well_o for_o the_o better_a performance_n fibre_n the_o heart_n have_v all_o kind_n of_o fibre_n of_o his_o motion_n as_o for_o a_o defence_n
nervous_a for_o many_o tendon_n reach_v unto_o it_o beside_o almost_o all_o the_o nerve_n arise_v from_o about_o that_o part_n in_o latin_a occiput_fw-la or_o occipitium_fw-la as_o plantus_fw-la have_v it_o we_o call_v it_o the_o noll_n the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o scalp_n between_o these_o be_v gibbous_a or_o round_o call_v in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o hide_v as_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o that_o part_n of_o the_o head_n be_v especial_o cover_v with_o hair_n galen_n in_o the_o 11._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n and_o the_o 14._o chapter_n call_v it_o aruumpilorun_v the_o field_n of_o hair_n the_o latin_n call_v it_o vertex_fw-la because_o in_o that_o place_n the_o hair_n run_v round_o galen_n galen_n in_o a_o ring_n as_o water_n do_v in_o a_o whirlpool_n final_o the_o side_n of_o the_o scalp_n betwixt_o the_o eye_n the_o ear_n and_o the_o neck_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d say_v aristotle_n in_o his_o first_o book_n of_o his_o history_n and_o the_o eleaventh_o chapter_n because_o the_o pulse_n be_v there_o very_o manifest_a the_o latin_n call_v they_o tempora_fw-la because_o their_o gray_a hair_n and_o sink_a flesh_n bewray_v the_o age_n of_o a_o man_n again_o the_o part_n of_o the_o scalp_n be_v contain_v and_o contain_v the_o contain_v part_n contain_v another_o division_n of_o the_o part_n contain_v be_v some_o of_o they_o common_a some_o proper_a the_o common_a be_v the_o cuticle_n or_o scarfe-skinne_n the_o true_a skin_n bear_v a_o wood_n or_o bush_n of_o hair_n the_o fat_a and_o the_o fleshy_a pannicle_n the_o proper_a contain_v part_n be_v either_o external_a or_o internal_a the_o external_a be_v two_o membrane_n pericranium_n and_o periostium_fw-la certain_a muscle_n and_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o head_n the_o proper_a inward_a contain_v part_n be_v the_o two_o mother_n call_v meninge_n dura_fw-la and_o pia_fw-la which_o encompass_v both_o the_o skull_n and_o the_o brain_n the_o part_n contain_v be_v the_o brain_n and_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la or_o after-braine_n from_o which_o arise_v the_o marrow_n which_o when_o it_o be_v get_v out_o of_o the_o skull_n be_v proper_o call_v the_o marrow_n of_o contain_a contain_a the_o back_n or_o pith_n of_o the_o spin_v from_o which_o do_v arise_v many_o nerve_n as_o well_o before_o it_o issue_v out_o of_o the_o skull_n as_o after_o of_o these_o we_o will_v first_o entreat_v and_o then_o after_o of_o the_o part_n without_o hair_n or_o the_o face_n in_o the_o book_n follow_v chap._n ii_o of_o the_o common_a contain_v part_n of_o the_o head_n the_o common_a contain_v part_n of_o the_o head_n be_v five_o the_o hair_n the_o cuticle_n the_o skin_n the_o fat_a and_o the_o fleshy_a pannicle_n of_o all_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v part_n 5._o common_a part_n heretofore_o at_o large_a yet_o because_o in_o every_o one_o of_o these_o there_o be_v some_o difference_n from_o the_o same_o part_n in_o other_o place_n of_o the_o body_n we_o must_v a_o little_a here_o insist_v upon_o they_o and_o first_o of_o the_o hair_n albeit_o therefore_o the_o hair_n be_v general_o more_o or_o less_o all_o over_o the_o body_n as_o before_o be_v say_v yet_o above_o all_o place_n the_o head_n be_v adorn_v with_o the_o great_a abundance_n of_o they_o the_o hair_n of_o the_o head_n be_v the_o long_a of_o the_o whole_a body_n because_o say_v aristotle_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr generatione_n animalium_fw-la and_o the_o three_o section_n the_o brain_n afford_v towards_o their_o nourishment_n aristotle_n aristotle_n a_o large_a supply_n of_o humour_n or_o vaporous_a moisture_n whether_o you_o will_v which_o also_o be_v most_o clammy_a and_o glutinous_a for_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o great_a of_o all_o the_o glandulous_a body_n they_o be_v also_o in_o the_o head_n stiff_a because_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o head_n be_v the_o thick_a yet_o be_v it_o rare_a and_o full_a of_o open_a pore_n so_o say_v galen_n in_o his_o nine_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la and_o the_o first_o chapter_n galen_n galen_n in_o the_o head_n nature_n have_v open_v conspicuous_a and_o visible_a way_n for_o the_o vaporous_a and_o smoky_a or_o sooty_a excrement_n for_o the_o head_n be_v set_v upon_o the_o body_n as_o a_o roof_n upon_o a_o warm_a house_n so_o that_o unto_o it_o do_v arise_v all_o the_o fuliginous_a &_o vaporous_a excrement_n from_o the_o subject_a part_n eschylus_n pollux_n eschylus_n the_o hair_n of_o the_o head_n be_v call_v in_o latin_a capilli_fw-la as_o it_o be_v capitis_fw-la pili_fw-la by_o pollux_n and_o eschylus_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o cut_v in_o man_n they_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d caesary_n because_o they_o be_v often_o mow_v in_o woman_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o dress_v with_o diligence_n from_o whence_o haply_o we_o have_v out_o word_n to_o comb_n or_o rather_o from_o the_o latin_a word_n coma_n who_o signification_n be_v all_o one_o with_o the_o former_a in_o woman_n they_o be_v divide_v by_o a_o line_n which_o separation_n the_o greek_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o latin_n discrimen_fw-la and_o aequamentum_fw-la in_o english_a we_o call_v it_o the_o shed_v of_o the_o hair_n the_o skin_n of_o a_o man_n although_o in_o comparison_n of_o other_o creature_n it_o be_v most_o thin_a yet_o if_o head_n the_o skin_n of_o the_o head_n you_o compare_v the_o skin_n of_o the_o head_n with_o that_o of_o the_o chest_n or_o the_o low_a belly_n it_o be_v very_o thick_a as_o also_o be_v the_o cuticle_n and_o therefore_o columbus_n insult_v over_o aristotle_n for_o say_v that_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o head_n be_v very_o thin_a .._o the_o place_n be_v in_o the_o 3._o book_n of_o his_o history_n and_o the_o eleaventh_o section_n where_o he_o do_v not_o say_v that_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o head_n be_v very_o thin_a for_o in_o the_o redeem_v aristotle_n redeem_v five_o book_n de_fw-fr generatione_n animalium_fw-la and_o the_o three_o chapter_n he_o call_v the_o skin_n of_o the_o head_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v very_o crass_a and_o thick_a but_o he_o say_v and_o that_o true_o that_o the_o skin_n of_o a_o man_n in_o respect_n of_o his_o magnitude_n be_v very_o thin_a well_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o head_n as_o it_o be_v the_o thick_a so_o say_v galen_n in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr temperamentis_fw-la and_o the_o 5._o chapter_n it_o be_v so_o much_o dry_a than_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n by_o how_o much_o it_o be_v hard_a yet_o be_v it_o rare_a say_v aristotle_n in_o the_o place_n next_o above_o name_v that_o the_o sooty_a excrement_n may_v be_v avoid_v for_o the_o generation_n of_o hair_n as_o before_o be_v say_v it_o have_v vessel_n run_v in_o it_o vein_n from_o the_o outward_a branch_n of_o the_o external_a iugular_n vein_n the_o vein_n which_o creep_v on_o both_o side_n be_v unite_v in_o the_o forehead_n and_o be_v sometime_o open_v in_o grievous_a pain_n of_o the_o head_n and_o these_o vein_n run_v under_o the_o dry_a and_o hairy_a skin_n carry_v blood_n unto_o it_o for_o nourishment_n artery_n it_o have_v also_o from_o the_o outward_a branch_n of_o the_o carotide_n artery_n artery_n derive_v to_o the_o root_n of_o the_o ear_n and_o to_o the_o temple_n especial_o which_o bring_v vital_a spirit_n upward_o from_o the_o heart_n it_o receyve_v also_o certain_a end_n of_o nerve_n reflect_v upward_o from_o the_o first_o and_o second_o conjugation_n of_o the_o neck_n to_o give_v it_o sense_n i_o say_v end_n of_o nerve_n for_o so_o say_v gal._n in_o his_o sixteen_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la and_o the_o 2._o chapter_n the_o skin_n have_v not_o a_o proper_a &_o definite_a galen_n a_o elegant_a place_n in_o galen_n nerve_n belong_v unto_o it_o as_o every_o muscle_n have_v his_o nerve_n disseminated_a in_o or_o about_o his_o body_n but_o there_o attain_v unto_o it_o certain_a fibre_n from_o the_o subject_a part_n which_o connect_n or_o knit_v it_o to_o those_o part_n and_o also_o afford_v sense_n unto_o it_o the_o sense_n of_o this_o skin_n of_o the_o head_n be_v not_o fine_a and_o exquisite_a as_o in_o the_o chest_n or_o the_o low_a belly_n aristotle_n in_o the_o three_o book_n of_o his_o history_n and_o the_o eleven_o chapter_n say_v it_o have_v no_o sense_n at_o all_o and_o render_v a_o reason_n because_o it_o eleave_v to_o the_o bone_n without_o any_o interposition_n of_o flesh_n but_o galen_n disproove_v this_o opinion_n in_o his_o sixteen_o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n and_o the_o second_o chapter_n it_o may_v be_v aristotle_n mean_v the_o cuticle_n and_o
it_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o it_o be_v contain_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o head_n of_o the_o generation_n of_o it_o hypocrates_n have_v learned_o discourse_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr carnibus_fw-la to_o which_o wereferre_v the_o learned_a reader_n as_o also_o for_o the_o order_n of_o the_o generation_n thereof_o to_o aristotle_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr generatio_fw-la e_fw-la animalium_fw-la and_o the_o sixth_o section_n it_o be_v the_o principal_a part_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n which_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o the_o situation_n the_o figure_n the_o defence_n it_o have_v and_o the_o use_n of_o it_o the_o situation_n be_v in_o the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o why_o the_o brain_n the_o principal_a part_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o why_o body_n as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o defence_a tower_n that_o it_o may_v be_v better_o secure_v from_o outward_a injury_n the_o figure_n be_v round_o which_o be_v the_o most_o noble_a figure_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n for_o it_o be_v proportionable_a that_o the_o divine_a part_n shall_v have_v the_o most_o perfect_a and_o absolute_a figure_n the_o defence_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v very_o many_o the_o hair_n the_o skin_n and_o that_o the_o thick_a of_o all_o the_o body_n the_o fat_a the_o fleshy_a membrane_n the_o pericranium_n the_o periostium_fw-la a_o double_a table_v scull_n and_o two_o meminge_n or_o membrane_n by_o all_o which_o it_o be_v of_o all_o side_n defence_v from_o brain_n the_o defence_n of_o the_o brain_n violence_n so_o that_o it_o can_v be_v hurt_v or_o offend_v but_o with_o extreme_a wrong_n but_o neither_o the_o heart_n nor_o any_o other_o part_n be_v so_o provide_v for_o by_o nature_n wherefore_o it_o shall_v seem_v she_o make_v more_o of_o store_n as_o we_o say_v of_o it_o then_o of_o all_o the_o rest_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o use_v it_o will_v easy_o carry_v away_o the_o prize_n of_o excellency_n for_o the_o soul_n it_o the_o excellency_n of_o the_o use_n of_o it_o of_o man_n say_v varolius_n be_v not_o tie_v to_o any_o bodily_a instrument_n can_v apprehend_v those_o out_o ward_v thing_n which_o be_v without_o itself_o unless_o it_o be_v by_o the_o mediation_n of_o a_o corporeal_a organ_n into_o which_o the_o species_n or_o form_n of_o material_a thing_n may_v be_v transmit_v by_o which_o afterward_o they_o may_v be_v exhibit_v and_o in_o which_o they_o may_v be_v apprehend_v and_o contemplate_v even_o as_o comparison_n comparison_n he_o that_o be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o room_n can_v see_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v or_o be_v act_v without_o unless_o there_o be_v some_o tralucent_a body_n wherein_o the_o image_n of_o those_o outward_a thing_n may_v first_o be_v receive_v and_o after_o represent_v to_o he_o that_o be_v within_o such_o a_o instrument_n be_v that_o which_o we_o call_v commune_fw-la sensorium_fw-la the_o common_a sense_n for_o nothing_o can_v come_v into_o the_o understanding_n unless_o it_o be_v first_o in_o the_o sense_n now_o this_o first_o or_o common_a sense_n according_a to_o plato_n and_o galen_n be_v the_o brain_n for_o aristotle_n dream_n arist_n dream_n do_v but_o dream_n that_o it_o be_v the_o heart_n and_o they_o think_v well_o for_o not_o only_a galen_n but_o aristotle_n himself_o do_v resolve_v that_o that_o be_v the_o first_o sensorium_n or_o common_a sense_n which_o be_v brain_n the_o common_a sense_n be_v the_o brain_n the_o original_n of_o sinew_n now_o anatomy_n teach_v we_o that_o all_o the_o sinew_n arise_v from_o the_o brain_n hence_o than_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o sensative_a soul_n for_o if_o a_o nerve_n which_o be_v direct_v unto_o any_o part_n be_v obstruct_v that_o part_n be_v deprive_v of_o sense_n and_o motion_n &_o so_o of_o the_o sensative_a soul_n if_o the_o original_a or_o beginning_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n be_v obstruct_v all_o the_o part_n under_o the_o head_n do_v loose_v both_o sense_n and_o motion_n when_o as_o yet_o the_o head_n enjoy_v they_o both_o but_o if_o the_o four_o ventricle_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v obstruct_v than_o not_o only_o the_o whole_a body_n but_o the_o head_n itself_o lose_v motion_n and_o sense_n and_o be_v deprive_v of_o the_o sensative_a soul_n who_o then_o will_v deny_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o most_o noble_a of_o all_o the_o member_n see_v it_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o all_o the_o animal_n faculty_n imagination_n reason_n or_o discourse_n &_o memory_n wherefore_o aphrodisaeus_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o organ_n of_o wisdom_n and_o the_o beginning_n or_o original_n aphrodisaeut_fw-fr aphrodisaeut_fw-fr of_o sense_n and_o voluntary_a motion_n and_o beside_o see_v from_o it_o do_v issue_n and_o on_o it_o do_v depend_v all_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o see_v hear_v smell_a taste_v touch_v yea_o and_o speech_n also_o and_o therefore_o plato_n do_v worthy_o call_v it_o because_o he_o can_v give_v it_o no_o high_o a_o stile_n plato_n plato_n the_o divine_a member_n for_o what_o the_o heaven_n be_v in_o the_o world_n the_o same_o in_o man_n be_v the_o brain_n the_o heaven_n be_v the_o habitation_n of_o the_o supreme_a intelligence_n that_o be_v of_o god_n and_o the_o brain_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o soul_n that_o be_v the_o demigod_n of_o this_o little-world_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o homer_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v the_o heaven_n because_o as_o from_o the_o celestial_a comparison_n comparison_n influence_n all_o thing_n below_o it_o be_v move_v both_o in_o heaven_n and_o earth_n so_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n have_v sense_n and_o motion_n from_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o brain_n wherefore_o with_o galen_n we_o determine_v that_o the_o brain_n as_o well_o as_o the_o heart_n be_v a_o principal_a part_n not_o that_o we_o think_v as_o some_o do_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o prince_n and_o king_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n no_o more_o than_o we_o think_v with_o aristotle_n that_o the_o heart_n be_v the_o most_o noble_a of_o all_o the_o part_n but_o part_n the_o brain_n not_o the_o prince_n but_o a_o principal_a part_n we_o say_v that_o as_o the_o heart_n be_v of_o great_a and_o most_o instant_a necessity_n for_o life_n so_o the_o place_n of_o dignity_n belong_v to_o the_o brain_n columbus_n give_v a_o elegant_a reason_n hereof_o take_v from_o generation_n the_o liver_n say_v he_o be_v engender_v by_o the_o mediation_n and_o help_n of_o the_o umbilicall_a vein_n reason_n columbus_n his_o reason_n the_o heart_n by_o the_o mediation_n and_o help_n of_o the_o umbilicall_a artery_n and_o these_o be_v engender_v by_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o womb_n but_o the_o nerve_n which_o be_v the_o instrument_n of_o sense_n and_o motion_n do_v immediate_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o brain_n of_o the_o infant_n the_o brain_n be_v common_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d galen_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr motu_fw-la musculorum_fw-la call_v brain_n the_o name_n of_o the_o brain_n it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o marrow_n of_o the_o head_n for_o a_o difference_n between_o it_o and_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o back_n which_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o bone_n from_o which_o it_o much_o differ_v because_o it_o be_v not_o dissolve_v by_o fire_n nor_o consume_v in_o hunger_n nor_o contain_v in_o the_o skull_n to_o nourish_v it_o wherefore_o galen_n in_o his_o 8._o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la and_o the_o 4._o chapter_n put_v a_o difference_n between_o it_o and_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o bone_n because_o this_o be_v fluxible_a and_o like_a unto_o fat_a neither_o cover_v with_o coat_n nor_o weave_a with_o ucine_n and_o artery_n neither_o have_v any_o communion_n with_o the_o muscle_n and_o nerve_n all_o which_o be_v contrary_a in_o the_o brain_n apollidorus_n think_v that_o none_o of_o the_o ancient_n have_v give_v any_o name_n to_o the_o brain_n in_o any_o sophocles_n sophocles_n of_o their_o writing_n and_o that_o therefore_o sophocles_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o white_a marrow_n imitate_v therein_o plato_n who_o when_o he_o will_v give_v a_o name_n to_o the_o brain_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o true_a love_n the_o grecian_n say_v be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d even_o at_o the_o uppermost_a marrow_n or_o at_o the_o brane_n of_o the_o soul_n no_o doubt_n because_o they_o think_v that_o the_o soul_n be_v in_o the_o brain_n phrayse_fw-mi a_o greek_a phrayse_fw-mi it_o be_v situate_a in_o the_o head_n as_o in_o a_o castle_n most_o safe_a because_o of_o the_o defence_n thereof_o before_o mention_v as_o also_o because_o it_o be_v the_o high_a place_n &_o as_o it_o be_v the_o tribunal_n or_o throne_n of_o her_o body_n for_o as_o god_n who_o
soft_a and_o soft_a say_v galen_n in_o his_o 8._o book_n de_fw-fr usupartium_fw-la and_o the_o sixth_o chapter_n than_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la because_o it_o be_v the_o original_n of_o the_o soft_a nerve_n pertain_v to_o the_o organ_n of_o soft_a why_o soft_a sense_n but_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la be_v the_o original_n of_o the_o hard_a nerve_n common_o think_v to_o be_v the_o nerve_n of_o motion_n in_o child_n the_o brain_n be_v so_o soft_a that_o it_o be_v fluid_a the_o reason_n of_o the_o softness_n be_v because_o it_o be_v to_o receive_v all_o the_o species_n or_o representation_n of_o the_o outward_a sense_n as_o also_o of_o the_o imagination_n and_o understanding_n for_o unless_o the_o alteration_n or_o impression_n that_o be_v make_v in_o any_o of_o the_o sense_n do_v proceed_v first_o from_o the_o brain_n and_o after_o return_v again_o unto_o it_o the_o creature_n have_v sense_n of_o nothing_o which_o be_v prove_v by_o the_o example_n of_o suâ—h_a as_o be_v take_v with_o the_o apopleixe_n wherefore_o see_v sensation_n be_v a_o passion_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o the_o brain_n shall_v be_v of_o such_o a_o substance_n as_o be_v fit_a to_o receive_v the_o impression_n of_o other_o thing_n yet_o it_o behoove_v not_o it_o shall_v be_v so_o soft_a as_o that_o the_o impression_n make_v therein_o shall_v present_o sink_v fat_n why_o not_o like_a to_o fat_n away_o and_o be_v obliterated_a as_o it_o happen_v in_o water_n and_o other_o fluid_n body_n but_o that_o it_o shall_v have_v with_o the_o softness_n a_o kind_n of_o consistence_n of_o solidity_n which_o solidity_n be_v so_o exquisite_o mingle_v with_o the_o softness_n that_o the_o fire_n can_v melt_v it_o as_o it_o do_v fat_a or_o wax_n and_o such_o like_a to_o conclude_v it_o be_v like_o the_o substance_n of_o a_o nerve_n of_o which_o also_o his_o marrow_n be_v the_o original_n but_o a_o not_o why_o it_o melt_v not_o little_o soft_a hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr glandulis_n likn_v it_o unto_o a_o kernel_n because_o as_o a_o kernel_n it_o be_v white_a and_o friable_a and_o beside_o be_v of_o the_o same_o use_n to_o the_o head_n that_o a_o glandule_n will_v be_v draw_v up_o the_o exhalation_n of_o the_o low_a part_n which_o after_o vapour_n out_o by_o the_o suture_n of_o the_o skull_n the_o temperament_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v cold_a and_o moist_a as_o we_o may_v easy_o with_o galen_n in_o brain_n the_o temperament_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o 8._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n conclude_v from_o the_o softness_n and_o moystnes_n of_o his_o substance_n wherefore_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr carnibus_fw-la call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o metropolis_n or_o chief_a seat_n of_o cold_a and_o glutinous_a moisture_n glutinous_a to_o hold_v and_o contain_v the_o subtle_a animal_n spirit_n which_o otherwise_o will_v soon_o vanish_v and_o decay_v and_o cold_a that_o the_o part_n ordain_v for_o the_o exercise_n of_o reason_n and_o therefore_o fulfil_v with_o hot_a spirit_n shall_v not_o easy_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n or_o inflame_v for_o when_o the_o brain_n by_o any_o accident_n or_o distemper_n grow_v hot_a as_o we_o see_v in_o phreniticall_a patient_n the_o motion_n thereof_o be_v furious_a and_o rage_a and_o the_o sleep_n turbulent_a and_o unquiet_a and_o indeed_o the_o head_n be_v very_a subject_n cold_a although_o thereof_o the_o reason_n thereof_o it_o be_v by_o nature_n to_o hot_a distemper_n partly_o because_o of_o the_o perpetual_a motion_n thereof_o and_o of_o the_o spirit_n partly_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o abundant_a vein_n and_o artery_n and_o great_a quantity_n of_o blood_n therein_o contain_v and_o final_o because_o whatsoever_o hot_a thing_n be_v in_o the_o body_n either_o natural_a or_o unnatural_a if_o it_o be_v inordinate_o move_v fly_v up_o unto_o the_o brain_n or_o at_o lest_o send_v hot_a vapour_n unto_o it_o chap._n x._o of_o the_o substance_n &_o part_n of_o the_o brain_n as_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o original_a and_o seat_n of_o all_o the_o animal_n facuty_n so_o for_o the_o exercise_n of_o the_o same_o it_o have_v diverse_a and_o different_a part_n cast_v into_o part_n why_o the_o brain_n have_v diverse_a part_n sundry_a mould_n which_o we_o will_v now_o take_v view_n of_o according_a to_o anatomicall_a method_n always_o remember_v that_o by_o the_o brain_n we_o understande_v whatsoever_o be_v contain_v within_o the_o scull_n and_o compass_v about_o by_o the_o hard_a and_o thin_a membrane_n the_o brain_n therefore_o we_o divide_v into_o three_o part_n for_o first_o it_o be_v part_v into_o a_o forepart_n part_n 3_o part_n and_o a_o hinde-part_n by_o the_o dura_fw-la meninx_n quadruplicate_v or_o foure-foulded_n the_o forepart_n because_o it_o be_v the_o great_a and_o most_o principal_a for_o in_o it_o the_o animal_n spirit_n forepart_n the_o forepart_n be_v especial_o labour_v retain_v the_o name_n of_o the_o whole_a and_o be_v proper_o call_v cerebrum_fw-la or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o hinder_a part_n be_v much_o lesser_a and_o be_v call_v by_o a_o diminutive_a word_n cerebellum_fw-la we_o call_v it_o the_o after-braine_n herophilus_n as_o galen_n witness_v in_o his_o 8._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n and_o the_o 11._o chapter_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d again_o the_o forepart_n or_o the_o brain_n by_o the_o dura_fw-la meninx_n duplicate_v and_o resemble_v a_o subdivide_v subdivide_v mower_n since_o be_v part_v in_o the_o top_n throughout_o his_o whole_a length_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n one_o right_a another_o left_a tab_v 8._o fig._n 2._o from_o a_o to_o a_o tab_v 9_o fig._n 3._o from_o n_n to_o k._n this_o partition_n reach_v altogether_o to_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o stay_v at_o that_o body_n which_o we_o call_v corpus_fw-la callosum_fw-la table_n 9_o figure_n 3._o at_o l_o l._n and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o always_o the_o same_o part_n of_o the_o head_n be_v not_o pain_v but_o sometime_o one_o part_n sometime_o another_o sometime_o the_o whole_a head_n some_o say_v laurentius_n have_v dream_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v divide_v quite_o through_o but_o they_o be_v much_o deceive_v for_o the_o callous_a body_n unit_v the_o part_n together_o as_o for_o the_o after-braine_n though_o it_o be_v not_o unite_v to_o the_o brain_n yet_o be_v it_o in_o two_o place_n continue_v with_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n and_o the_o same_o marrow_n by_o two_o originalle_n join_v unto_o the_o brain_n the_o use_n of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v first_o out_o of_o vesalius_n and_o archangelus_n that_o the_o vesalius_n the_o use_n of_o this_o division_n out_o of_o vesalius_n brain_n may_v be_v better_o nourish_v for_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o thin_a membrane_n together_o with_o the_o vesseles_a therethrough_a convey_v do_v insinuate_v themselves_o deep_a into_o the_o substance_n thereof_o for_o without_o this_o partition_n and_o those_o deep_a convolution_n which_o we_o see_v in_o it_o when_o it_o be_v cut_v it_o can_v not_o have_v be_v nourish_v the_o second_o use_n we_o will_v add_v out_o of_o laurentius_n to_o wit_n beside_o the_o nourishment_n for_o the_o better_a motion_n of_o the_o same_o for_o as_o water_n be_v not_o so_o easy_o move_v where_o it_o be_v deep_a as_o where_o iâ—_n laurentius_n out_o of_o laurentius_n be_v shallow_a so_o if_o the_o brain_n have_v be_v one_o entire_a massy_a substance_n it_o will_v not_o so_o willing_o and_o glad_o as_o we_o say_v have_v rise_v and_o fall_v in_o the_o systole_n and_o diastole_n the_o use_n of_o this_o division_n out_o of_o bauhine_n be_v more_o express_v for_o the_o safe_a conduct_n of_o the_o sinus_n or_o pipe_n of_o the_o hard_a meninx_n mention_v in_o the_o seven_o chapter_n from_o whence_o do_v issue_n baubine_n out_o of_o baubine_n small_a surcle_n of_o vessel_n to_o convey_v nourishment_n into_o the_o convolution_n of_o the_o brain_n for_o because_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v very_o great_a through_o which_o the_o capillarie_n vessel_n be_v to_o be_v disperse_v for_o his_o nourishment_n if_o the_o vessel_n themselves_o so_o small_a as_o they_o be_v vein_n and_o artery_n shall_v have_v pass_v from_o the_o backepart_n to_o the_o forepart_n from_o the_o right_a side_n to_o the_o left_a or_o on_o the_o contrary_a they_o will_v in_o so_o long_a a_o journey_n through_o so_o soft_a and_o clammy_a a_o body_n have_v be_v in_o danger_n of_o break_v wherefore_o the_o brain_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n between_o which_o division_n there_o run_v four_o sinus_n or_o pipe_n of_o the_o hard_a meninx_n into_o which_o the_o internal_a jugular_a vein_n and_o the_o sleepy_a artery_n call_v carotides_n ascend_v from_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o noll_n of_o the_o head_n do_v pour_v their_o blood_n and_o spirit_n which_o be_v convey_v on_o either_o
three_o you_o must_v show_v the_o spectator_n the_o mamillary_a process_n and_o the_o pair_n or_o coniugation_n of_o the_o sinew_n which_o otherwise_o in_o the_o search_n for_o these_o will_v be_v deface_v table_n 13._o figure_n 13._o exhibit_v the_o vessel_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o their_o distribution_n especial_o through_o the_o right_a side_n whither_o they_o proceed_v from_o the_o internal_a jugular_a vein_n or_o from_o the_o sleepy_a artery_n or_o from_o the_o sinus_fw-la of_o the_o dura_n meninx_n figure_n 14._o show_v the_o wonderful_a net_n as_o galen_n describe_v it_o figure_n 15._o show_v the_o pituitary_a glandule_n with_o the_o basin_n and_o the_o sleepy_a artery_n figure_n 16._o show_v the_o retemirabile_a or_o wonderful_a net_n together_o with_o the_o glandule_n as_o it_o be_v find_v in_o the_o head_n of_o calf_n and_o oxen._n tabula_fw-la xiii_o fig_n xiii_o fourteen_o xv_o xvi_o a_o a_o branch_n attain_v to_o the_o right_a ventricle_n ♌_o the_o complication_n of_o vessel_n call_v plexus_fw-la choroide_v form_v on_o either_o side_n of_o the_o branch_n mark_v with_o a._n fig._n 14_o a_o b_o artery_n climb_v the_o scull_n and_o make_v this_o wonderful_a net_n cd_o branch_n into_o which_o the_o surcle_n of_o that_o net_n be_v joinedin_fw-mi to_o e_z the_o pituitaryglandule_n or_o kernel_n of_o phlegm_n fig_n 15._o a_o the_o glandule_n receive_v the_o basin_n b_o the_o basin_n itself_o or_o if_o you_o will_v the_o tunnel_n call_v peluis_fw-la or_o infundibulum_fw-la cc_o the_o sleepy_a artery_n d_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o artery_n go_v to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o dura_n meninx_n e_o another_o branch_n of_o the_o same_o artery_n go_v to_o the_o nostril_n ff_o a_o artery_n in_o one_o side_n divide_v into_o 2_o branch_n but_o in_o the_o other_o side_n meet_v together_o again_o g_o a_o partition_n of_o the_o artery_n creep_v through_o the_o durameninx_n h_n another_o branch_n which_o get_v out_o of_o the_o scull_n and_o reach_v to_o the_o eye_n figure_n 16_o a_o the_o petuitary_a glandule_n b_o c._n the_o sleepye_a artery_n go_v into_o the_o scull_n d_o d._n the_o wonderful_a brain_n net_n the_o use_n of_o the_o brain_n for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o brain_n aristotle_n in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr partibus_fw-la animalium_fw-la and_o the_o 7._o chapter_n write_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v make_v as_o a_o common_a good_a for_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o whole_a creature_n to_o temper_v the_o fervour_n and_o heat_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o opinion_n because_o it_o be_v sufficient_o refute_v by_o galen_n in_o his_o 3._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n and_o the_o second_o chapter_n we_o will_v not_o insist_v long_o upon_o it_o only_o these_o two_o thing_n we_o open_v first_o that_o the_o heart_n be_v sufficient_o refrigerated_a by_o our_o perpetual_a inspiration_n and_o expiration_n second_o that_o if_o nature_n have_v intend_v the_o brain_n to_o cool_v the_o heart_n she_o will_v not_o have_v set_v they_o so_o far_o distant_a but_o place_v it_o either_o about_o the_o heart_n or_o at_o least_o in_o the_o chest_n as_o well_o therefore_o may_v he_o have_v say_v that_o the_o heel_n be_v make_v for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o heart_n as_o the_o brain_n wherefore_o we_o determine_v the_o use_n of_o the_o brain_n to_o be_v first_o for_o a_o habitation_n for_o the_o soul_n whereby_o she_o perform_v her_o animal_n function_n as_o well_o those_o that_o be_v principal_a as_o also_o diverse_a diverse_a those_o of_o sense_n and_o motion_n second_o that_o in_o the_o substance_n thereof_o the_o animal_n spirit_n may_v be_v labour_v therein_o convey_v and_o from_o thence_o derive_v into_o the_o body_n for_o so_o say_v galen_n in_o his_o 8._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n and_o the_o 13._o chapter_n and_o the_o 9_o book_n and_o the_o galen_n galen_n 4._o chapter_n in_o the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o animal_n spirit_n wrought_v and_o reserve_v not_o only_o in_o the_o ventricle_n and_o in_o his_o 12._o book_n of_o method_n the_o 5._o chapter_n &_o the_o three_o de_fw-fr locis_fw-la affect_n be_v and_o the_o 7._o speak_v of_o the_o fall_a sickness_n he_o say_v it_o be_v cause_v in_o the_o brain_n the_o humour_n hinder_v the_o animal_n spirit_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o ventricle_n that_o they_o can_v issue_n out_o three_o that_o the_o nerve_n and_o spinall_a marrow_n may_v proceed_v from_o the_o marrow_n thereof_o which_o be_v so_o manifest_a as_o we_o need_v not_o cite_v the_o place_n of_o galen_n to_o prove_v it_o for_o the_o nerve_n receive_v from_o the_o brain_n as_o from_o a_o principle_n as_o we_o say_v á_fw-fr quo_fw-la and_o of_o dispensation_n the_o animal_n virtue_n and_o sensative_a soul_n which_o do_v reside_v in_o his_o substance_n and_o do_v distribute_v the_o faculty_n of_o sense_n and_o motion_n into_o the_o organ_n or_o instrument_n of_o sense_n &_o motion_n as_o it_o be_v through_o channel_n have_v in_o they_o the_o animal_n spirit_n to_o convey_v the_o same_o faculty_n this_o animal_n spirit_n although_o it_o perform_v many_o service_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o lead_v spirit_n the_o animal_n spirit_n all_o the_o faculty_n of_o the_o sensative_a soul_n through_o the_o nerve_n into_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n but_o the_o instrument_n into_o which_o out_o of_o the_o brain_n it_o be_v pour_v into_o the_o nerve_n be_v manifold_a wherefore_o if_o they_o run_v into_o the_o eye_n which_o be_v the_o organ_n of_o the_o sight_n they_o make_v vision_n if_o into_o the_o ear_n hear_v etc._n etc._n this_o aristotle_n in_o his_o second_o book_n the_o generatione_n animalium_fw-la comparison_n aristotle_n comparison_n and_o the_o last_o text_n elegante_o declare_v by_o the_o example_n of_o a_o smith_n hammer_n for_o as_o the_o hammer_n be_v but_o one_o instrument_n yet_o do_v many_o service_n according_a to_o the_o variety_n of_o the_o subject_n upon_o which_o it_o work_v so_o be_v the_o spirit_n in_o the_o work_n of_o nature_n administration_n &_o as_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o yet_o appear_v diverse_a if_o they_o light_v upon_o diverse_a color_n so_o be_v it_o with_o the_o animal_n spirit_n the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n although_o it_o be_v devoide_a of_o animal_n motion_n and_o sense_n for_o soul_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o sensative_a soul_n it_o be_v not_o devoide_a of_o natural_a yet_o be_v it_o the_o original_n of_o sense_n and_o voluntary_a motion_n which_o we_o may_v better_o perceive_v if_o we_o consider_v that_o disease_n which_o we_o call_v the_o apoplexy_n for_o those_o that_o be_v apoplecticall_a although_o all_o their_o instrument_n of_o the_o sense_n be_v perfect_a yet_o because_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v intercept_v they_o have_v no_o sense_n at_o all_o for_o the_o original_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n be_v total_o stop_v all_o the_o part_n under_o it_o do_v loose_a do_v sense_n and_o motion_n so_o also_o if_o the_o nerve_n which_o be_v convey_v to_o any_o part_n be_v obstruct_v that_o part_n be_v deprive_v of_o sense_n &_o sense_n animal_n motion_n &_o sense_n motion_n hence_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o seat_n and_o residence_n of_o the_o sensative_a soul_n and_o the_o fountain_n of_o sense_n and_o motion_n of_o sense_n because_o it_o receive_v the_o impression_n of_o all_o sensible_a thing_n of_o motion_n because_o it_o dispense_v the_o knowledge_n of_o avoid_v that_o which_o be_v hurtful_a and_o desire_v to_o follow_v after_o that_o which_o be_v profitable_a and_o behooveful_a as_o for_o natural_a sense_n and_o motion_n there_o be_v a_o great_a question_n whether_o the_o brain_n have_v they_o sense_n natural_a sense_n or_o no_o and_o first_o for_o sense_n hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr vulneribus_fw-la capitis_fw-la say_v that_o the_o brain_n have_v present_a and_o exquisite_a sense_n about_o the_o sinciput_fw-la or_o side_n of_o the_o head_n because_o in_o this_o place_n the_o bone_n be_v the_o thin_a and_o most_o of_o the_o brain_n be_v there_o contain_v beside_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o head_n be_v there_o thin_a also_o moreover_o say_v he_o the_o disease_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o most_o acute_a and_o dangerous_a yea_o for_o the_o most_o part_n mortal_a and_o hard_a to_o be_v judge_v of_o by_o those_o that_o be_v not_o very_o well_o experience_v galen_n in_o his_o first_o book_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o symptom_n and_o the_o 8._o chapter_n say_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v not_o make_v by_o nature_n a_o instrument_n with_o sense_n but_o so_o that_o it_o be_v able_a to_o comprehend_v or_o galen_n galen_n perceive_v all_o those_o thing_n by_o which_o it_o suffer_v as_o if_o he_o shall_v have_v say_v the_o brain_n be_v not_o make_v to_o be_v a_o particular_a instrument_n of_o sense_n so_o as_o it_o can_v perceive_v
or_o apprehend_v colour_n only_o as_o the_o eye_n savour_v only_o as_o the_o tongue_n &c_n &c_n but_o it_o be_v a_o common_a instrument_n of_o sensation_n discern_v colour_n savour_n smell_n sound_n and_o tactile_a quality_n and_o in_o a_o word_n all_o sensible_a object_n wherefore_o the_o brain_n feel_v universal_o whatsoever_o be_v offer_v unto_o it_o not_o with_o choice_n as_o the_o eye_n which_o receive_v not_o the_o sound_n but_o only_o his_o own_o object_n and_o so_o in_o the_o rest_n it_o remain_v therefore_o that_o the_o natural_a sense_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v none_o at_o all_o or_o at_o least_o so_o weak_a and_o dull_a as_o it_o be_v hardly_o perceive_v for_o in_o his_o substance_n there_o be_v rather_o a_o faculty_n of_o touch_v then_o a_o instrument_n of_o touch._n fernelius_n think_v that_o all_o motion_n be_v from_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o all_o sense_n from_o this_o fernelius_n his_o philosophy_n about_o this_o his_o membrane_n because_o the_o body_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v perpetual_o move_v but_o have_v no_o feel_n at_o all_o on_o the_o other_o side_n his_o membrane_n be_v of_o themselves_o immovable_a especial_o the_o dura_n mater_fw-la but_o feel_v very_o exact_o so_o in_o the_o lethargy_n or_o frenzy_n which_o be_v disease_n of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n there_o be_v no_o pain_n at_o all_o but_o if_o a_o sharp_a vapour_n or_o humour_n be_v raise_v up_o unto_o the_o meninge_n then_o grievous_a pain_n follow_v moreover_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n and_o all_o the_o nerve_n have_v their_o marrow_n from_o the_o brain_n &_o that_o cover_v with_o the_o meninge_n all_o which_o have_v the_o same_o and_o no_o other_o power_n or_o faculty_n then_o what_o they_o receive_v from_o their_o original_n wherefore_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o begin_n of_o sense_n the_o hinder_a part_n of_o motion_n but_o of_o touch_v the_o meninge_n or_o membrane_n be_v the_o original_n those_o nerve_n which_o be_v full_a of_o marrow_n be_v the_o instrument_n of_o motion_n of_o touch_v those_o who_o great_a part_n be_v produce_v by_o the_o meninge_n and_o this_o be_v fernelius_n his_o philosophy_n concern_v this_o point_n but_o how_o consonant_n to_o reason_n we_o shall_v see_v afterward_o concern_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o brain_n great_a difference_n there_o be_v among_o author_n galen_n in_o his_o 8._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n and_o the_o second_o chapter_n say_v it_o have_v perpetual_a motion_n brain_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o brain_n vesalius_n deny_v it_o answer_v his_o argument_n &_o add_v that_o he_o can_v never_o perceive_v any_o such_o galen_n vesalius_n against_o galen_n motion_n either_o in_o great_a wound_n of_o the_o head_n or_o which_o be_v more_o in_o his_o dissection_n of_o live_a creature_n fallopius_n halt_v in_o this_o point_n he_o say_v it_o but_o he_o dare_v not_o avouch_v it_o platerus_n think_v that_o those_o that_o say_v it_o move_v mistake_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o brain_n for_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o three_o sinus_n which_o beat_v like_o a_o artery_n columbus_n archangelus_n and_o laurentius_n do_v all_o consent_n that_o it_o move_v continual_o and_o instance_n in_o wound_n of_o the_o head_n laurentius_n laurentius_n laurentius_n be_v so_o confident_a that_o he_o say_v he_o be_v a_o mad_a man_n and_o want_n his_o sense_n that_o will_v deny_v it_o to_o resolve_v upon_o somewhat_o among_o so_o many_o opinion_n we_o think_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v not_o move_v by_o any_o animal_n or_o voluntary_a motion_n but_o by_o a_o natural_a and_o that_o double_a one_o proper_a of_o his_o own_o another_o from_o the_o artery_n albeit_o this_o last_o archangelus_n do_v deny_v because_o those_o of_o what_o we_o resolve_v of_o artery_n that_o run_v above_o be_v too_o small_a but_o those_o that_o be_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o brain_n much_o less_o yet_o it_o give_v the_o power_n of_o voluntary_a motion_n to_o other_o part_n this_o motion_n be_v proper_a and_o peculiar_a to_o the_o brain_n for_o the_o generation_n nourishment_n and_o expurgation_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n for_o it_o be_v dilate_v and_o again_o constringed_a as_o may_v be_v see_v motion_n the_o use_n of_o the_o motion_n in_o wound_n of_o the_o head_n where_o a_o notable_a part_n of_o the_o scull_n be_v take_v away_o as_o also_o of_o the_o membrane_n say_v bauhine_v and_o in_o child_n new_a bear_v in_o the_o mould_n the_o brain_n be_v so_o manifest_o discern_v how_o the_o motion_n be_v discern_v see_v to_o beat_v and_o pant_v that_o even_o the_o bone_n which_o at_o that_o time_n be_v very_o soft_a be_v move_v therewith_o when_o it_o be_v dilate_v it_o draw_v out_o of_o the_o sinus_n of_o the_o dura_fw-la mater_fw-la some_o say_v out_o of_o the_o wonderful_a net_n or_o web_n of_o the_o soporarte_n artery_n vital_a spirit_n and_o air_n by_o the_o nostril_n for_o the_o restauration_n and_o preservation_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n &_o when_o it_o contract_v itself_o it_o drive_v out_o the_o animal_n spirit_n labour_v in_o his_o substance_n through_o the_o nerve_n as_o through_o spirit_n the_o animal_n spirit_n pipe_n and_o canal_n into_o the_o organ_n of_o sense_n and_o motion_n or_o as_o archangelus_n have_v it_o out_o of_o the_o foreward_n ventricle_n be_v contract_v into_o the_o three_o and_o four_o and_o so_o into_o the_o organ_n aforesaid_a which_o spirit_n when_o they_o arrive_v in_o the_o particular_a part_n they_o nourish_v the_o animal_n spirit_n breed_v and_o fix_v in_o those_o part_n for_o the_o animal_n spirit_n flow_v through_o the_o nerve_n into_o all_o the_o part_n not_o only_o to_o be_v the_o convayer_n of_o the_o sensative_a and_o move_a soul_n but_o also_o to_o give_v nourishment_n to_o the_o animal_n spirit_n fix_v in_o the_o part_n and_o this_o spirit_n be_v the_o medium_n or_o mean_a by_o which_o the_o sensative_a soul_n and_o all_o his_o faculty_n which_o be_v incorporeal_a be_v join_v with_o the_o body_n the_o outward_a part_n because_o their_o instrument_n be_v far_o off_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o nerve_n as_o it_o be_v channel_n through_o which_o the_o animal_n spirit_n accompany_v by_o the_o vital_a as_o it_o be_v by_o guide_n may_v be_v convey_v but_o the_o inward_a part_n because_o their_o instrument_n be_v near_o and_o at_o hand_n need_v no_o nerve_n but_o receive_v the_o same_o by_o blind_a and_o invisible_a byway_n yet_o guide_v by_o the_o same_o vital_a spirit_n we_o have_v also_o say_v that_o at_o the_o entrance_n into_o and_o at_o the_o out-gate_n from_o the_o heart_n there_o be_v archangelus_n a_o witty_a conceit_n of_o archangelus_n certain_a value_v or_o floodgate_n set_v and_o their_o use_n we_o have_v allot_v now_o archangelus_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o buttock_n and_o pine-glandule_a of_o the_o brain_n do_v here_o the_o same_o office_n that_o the_o value_n do_v in_o the_o heart_n for_o say_v he_o in_o the_o dilatation_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o way_n out_o of_o the_o three_o ventricle_n into_o the_o four_o close_v itself_o and_o beside_o be_v shut_v up_o by_o the_o glandule_n fall_v between_o the_o buttock_n that_o no_o part_n of_o the_o spirit_n can_v return_v out_o of_o the_o four_o ventricle_n into_o the_o three_o on_o the_o contrary_a in_o the_o contraction_n the_o glandule_n be_v lift_v up_o and_o the_o buttock_n be_v divide_v and_o so_o away_o be_v make_v for_o the_o animal_n spirit_n to_o flow_v out_o of_o the_o three_o ventricle_n into_o the_o four_o concern_v the_o generation_n of_o animal_n spirit_n there_o be_v diverse_a opinion_n especial_o spirit_n diverse_a opinion_n of_o the_o generation_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n seven_o one_o of_o galen_n another_o of_o vesalius_n a_o three_o of_o columbus_n a_o four_o of_o argenterius_n a_o five_o of_o archangelus_n a_o sixth_o of_o laurentius_n and_o a_o seave_v of_o varolius_n to_o which_o bauhine_n our_o author_n subscribe_v galens_n opinion_n be_v that_o they_o be_v make_v of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n bring_v by_o the_o soporarie_a artery_n galens_n galens_n and_o of_o air_n breathe_v in_o marry_o as_o for_o the_o place_n of_o their_o generation_n he_o seem_v to_o be_v altogether_o uncertain_a for_o sometime_o he_o assign_v the_o plexus_fw-la choroide_v sometime_o the_o ventricle_n sometime_o the_o substance_n and_o body_n of_o the_o brain_n vesalius_n say_v they_o be_v labour_v in_o the_o right_n and_o left_a ventricle_n by_o a_o power_n and_o efficacy_n vesalius_n vesalius_n receive_v from_o the_o brain_n and_o have_v for_o their_o matter_n vital_a spirit_n from_o the_o heart_n &_o air_n draw_v in_o by_o inspiration_n ascend_v through_o the_o three_o ventricle_n columbus_n say_v they_o be_v make_v of_o air_n draw_v by_o the_o nostril_n and_o alter_v in_o the_o cavity_n columbus_n columbus_n of_o the_o forehead_n bone_n and_o the_o wedgebone_n and_o carry_v through_o
yet_o beat_v and_o be_v move_v whereas_o this_o marrow_n albeit_o be_v contain_v within_o movable_a spondel_n or_o rackbone_n be_v not_o itself_o at_o all_o move_v but_o if_o that_o motion_n be_v in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n by_o a_o inbred_a faculty_n and_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n have_v the_o same_o nature_n and_o substance_n that_o the_o brain_n have_v i_o think_v it_o shall_v be_v reasonable_a that_o this_o marrow_n shall_v be_v move_v in_o like_a manner_n as_o the_o brain_n be_v move_v albeit_o our_o sense_n be_v not_o apprehensive_a of_o it_o and_o true_o archangelus_n conceive_v that_o it_o have_v a_o motion_n and_o when_o it_o be_v dilate_v receive_v animal_n spirit_n from_o the_o four_o ventricle_n and_o when_o it_o be_v contract_v pour_v they_o again_o forth_o into_o the_o nerve_n which_o arise_v therefrom_o the_o figure_n of_o it_o be_v long_o thick_a and_o large_a at_o the_o original_n table_n 17._o figure_n 1._o from_o d_o to_o figure_n the_o figure_n â—_o tab_v 16._o fig._n 2._o from_o a_o to_o b_o and_o tho_o be_v gather_v together_o it_o become_v somewhat_o narrow_a yet_o be_v it_o not_o as_o some_o think_v by_o little_a and_o little_a continual_o attenuate_v till_o it_o come_v to_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o os_fw-la sacrum_fw-la for_o as_o far_o as_o the_o vertebra_n of_o the_o loin_n table_n 16._o fig._n 1._o from_o â—_o to_o â—_o it_o keep_v a_o equal_a thickness_n almost_o although_o galen_n and_o vesalius_n do_v think_v that_o it_o be_v consume_v as_o it_o send_v more_o nerve_n out_o from_o it_o fallopius_fw-la in_o his_o observation_n and_o platerus_n do_v not_o think_v that_o it_o grow_v less_o at_o all_o yet_o we_o must_v needs_o acknowledge_v that_o we_o find_v it_o full_a &_o thick_a in_o the_o neck_n whence_o those_o great_a nerve_n issue_v which_o be_v disperse_v through_o the_o arm_n table_n 16._o fig._n 1._o from_o i_o to_o k_n and_o in_o the_o loin_n whence_o proceed_v the_o great_a nerve_n of_o the_o loin_n which_o descend_v unto_o the_o thigh_n tab_v 16._o fig._n 1._o from_o b_o to_z c_z and_o that_o afterward_o when_o it_o come_v near_a to_o the_o os_fw-la sacrum_fw-la his_o marrowy_a substance_n be_v somewhat_o abate_v a_o cavity_n or_o sinus_n there_o be_v form_v in_o it_o present_o after_o his_o original_n while_o it_o yet_o remain_v scriptorius_fw-la his_o cavity_n calamus_fw-la scriptorius_fw-la within_o the_o skull_n which_o be_v like_o a_o write_a pen_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v call_v calamus_fw-la scriptotorius_a table_n 12._o fig._n 10._o mno_fw-la for_o it_o be_v hollow_v into_o a_o point_n or_o neb_n become_v less_o by_o degree_n because_o in_o that_o place_n there_o be_v no_o more_o excrement_n this_o cavity_n make_v the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o four_o ventricle_n of_o the_o brain_n for_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o ventricle_n be_v form_v by_o the_o after-braine_n table_n 15._o figure_n 21._o h_o at_o which_o place_n the_o after-braine_n be_v join_v to_o this_o marrow_n table_n 15._o fig._n 21._o gg_n be_v join_v to_o bc_n as_o also_o in_o the_o 12._o tab_v and_o fig._n 10._o archangelus_n conceive_v that_o this_o cavity_n be_v under_o the_o four_o ventricle_n and_o continue_v archangelus_n archangelus_n with_o it_o and_o that_o out_o of_o the_o four_o ventricle_n into_o it_o the_o animal_n spirit_n do_v flow_v and_o that_o from_o this_o cavity_n they_o be_v distribute_v most_o what_o into_o all_o the_o five_o sense_n table_n 16._o figure_n 1._o show_v the_o true_a form_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n proper_o so_o call_v together_o with_o his_o membrane_n &_o the_o nerve_n proceed_v from_o the_o same_o figure_n 2._o show_v the_o spinal_a marrow_n naked_a &_o bare_a as_o it_o appear_v both_o within_o the_o skull_n &_o without_o together_o with_o his_o nerve_n as_o most_o part_n of_o the_o anatomist_n heretofore_o have_v describe_v it_o tabula_fw-la xvi_o fig_n ii_o fig_n i._o figure_n 2._o now_o although_o the_o nerve_n yssue_v from_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n be_v almost_o infinite_a yet_o according_a issue_n whereof_o his_o nerve_n be_v make_v &_o how_o they_o issue_n to_o the_o number_n of_o the_o outlet_n or_o hole_n of_o the_o vertebra_n they_o be_v say_v to_o be_v so_o many_o coniugation_n as_o the_o vertebra_n have_v hole_n for_o every_o nerve_n do_v indeed_o consist_v of_o many_o hairy_a string_n or_o marrowy_a fibre_n which_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o membrane_n at_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o vertebra_n be_v conjoin_v and_o make_v as_o it_o be_v a_o knot_n do_v issue_n outof_o the_o bone_n so_o that_o one_o nerve_n seem_v to_o be_v make_v of_o one_o propagation_n table_n 16._o the_o first_o figure_n show_v it_o at_o l_o l_o which_o thing_n as_o it_o be_v true_a in_o those_o nerve_n which_o proceed_v out_o of_o the_o marrow_n while_o it_o be_v simple_a and_o angle_n so_o be_v it_o also_o in_o they_o which_o after_o the_o division_n be_v distribute_v into_o the_o low_a part_n table_n 16_o fig._n 1_o at_z m_o m_o to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o our_o description_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n we_o will_v take_v leave_n to_o insert_v in_o this_o placea_n description_n thereof_o out_o of_o rondeletius_n and_o laurentius_n which_o be_v on_o this_o manner_n rondeletius_n rondeletius_n all_o the_o nerve_n say_v rondeletius_n which_o no_o man_n before_o i_o have_v observe_v be_v divide_v from_o the_o very_a beginning_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n in_o the_o brain_n wherefore_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o paralysis_n or_o palsy_n do_v not_o so_o much_o proceed_v from_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o back_n as_o from_o the_o very_a head_n of_o the_o sinew_n &_o thence_o it_o be_v that_o galen_n so_o often_o repear_v that_o the_o palsy_n happen_v when_o the_o head_n of_o the_o sinew_n be_v either_o obstruct_v or_o resolve_v thus_o rondeletius_n have_v it_o in_o his_o chap._n of_o the_o palsy_n laurentius_n thus_o all_o anatomy_n have_v hitherto_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o original_n and_o propagation_n of_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n for_o they_o all_o think_v that_o the_o nerve_n laurentius_n laurentius_n of_o the_o neck_n come_v only_o from_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o neck_n the_o nerve_n of_o the_o back_n from_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o back_n and_o of_o the_o loin_n from_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o loin_n but_o how_o miserable_o they_o have_v be_v mistake_v be_v convince_v by_o a_o new_a and_o unheard_a of_o observation_n of_o my_o own_o separate_a therefore_o the_o marrow_n from_o the_o rackbone_n but_o keep_v it_o whole_a then_o take_v from_o it_o both_o the_o membrane_n wherewith_o it_o be_v compass_v cast_v it_o into_o water_n and_o shake_v it_o a_o little_a and_o you_o shall_v perceive_v that_o the_o whole_a marrow_n from_o the_o top_n to_o the_o bottom_n be_v make_v of_o innumerable_a surcle_n and_o filament_n like_o a_o horse_n tail_n compose_v of_o infinite_a hair_n and_o that_o the_o explain_v a_o hard_a problem_n explain_v nerve_n of_o os_fw-la sacrum_fw-la do_v arise_v from_o the_o same_o begin_n with_o the_o nerve_n that_o be_v above_o this_o new_a and_o admirable_a observation_n make_v plain_a a_o obscure_a problem_n why_o when_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v offend_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o thigh_n be_v sometime_o take_v away_o when_o as_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o arm_n and_o of_o the_o chest_n be_v not_o at_o all_o vitiate_a thus_o far_o laurentius_n to_o conclude_v the_o use_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n proper_o so_o call_v be_v say_v galen_n in_o his_o twelve_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la marrow_n the_o use_n of_o the_o spinal_a marrow_n partium_fw-la that_o from_o it_o as_o from_o one_o other_o brain_n there_o shall_v proceed_v many_o nerve_n as_o it_o be_v small_a riveret_n which_o may_v convey_v the_o animal_n faculty_n sense_n motion_n and_o the_o animal_n spirit_n which_o they_o receive_v by_o continuation_n from_o the_o brain_n to_o the_o part_n under_o the_o head_n except_v those_o whereto_o be_v transmit_v certain_a propagation_n from_o the_o sixth_o pair_n table_n 17_o fig._n 1_o and_z 2_o e_z of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n which_o also_o be_v disseminated_a through_o the_o middle_n and_o low_a belly_n for_o because_o it_o be_v no_o safe_a in_o consideration_n of_o the_o length_n of_o the_o way_n that_o all_o the_o nerve_n shall_v be_v transport_v unto_o the_o inferior_a part_n from_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n contain_v in_o the_o scull_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o those_o inferior_a part_n shall_v be_v supply_v with_o voluntary_a motion_n and_o sense_n to_o apprehend_v annoyance_n it_o be_v most_o requisite_a that_o from_o this_o marrow_n as_o from_o the_o brain_n elongate_v or_o produce_v those_o sinew_n shall_v be_v derive_v for_o if_o a_o man_n have_v want_v motion_n he_o have_v be_v more_o like_o a_o image_n
than_o a_o creature_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o use_n of_o the_o marrow_n proper_o so_o call_v but_o if_o you_o take_v it_o in_o the_o large_a signification_n than_o the_o use_n of_o it_o be_v that_o from_o it_o where_o it_o be_v include_v within_o the_o scull_n on_o both_o side_n shall_v issue_n seven_o coniugation_n or_o pair_n of_o nerve_n as_o be_v common_o think_v we_o say_v eight_o which_o be_v call_v the_o nerve_n of_o the_o brain_n table_n 15_o fig._n 20_o â—_o g_o h_o i_o k_n m_o n_o o_o together_o with_o the_o organ_n of_o smell_v table_n 14_o fig._n 19_o d_o â—_o but_o as_o it_o consist_v in_o the_o spin_v without_o the_o skull_n there_o be_v produce_v therefrom_o thirty_o pair_n table_n 16_o fig._n 1_o even_o all_o the_o nerve_n that_o pass_v through_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o both_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n now_o it_o follow_v that_o we_o shall_v entreat_v of_o the_o nerve_n yssue_v therefrom_o chap._n xvi_o of_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o first_o of_o the_o organ_n of_o smell_a call_v processus_n mammillare_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o after-braine_n &_o the_o spinall_n marrow_n be_v thus_o manifest_v it_o remain_v that_o we_o shall_v speak_v of_o the_o nerve_n proceed_v from_o sense_n the_o 5._o sense_n each_o of_o they_o and_o first_o of_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o brain_n whereas_o therefore_o there_o be_v five_o outward_a sense_n the_o sight_n the_o smell_n the_o hear_v the_o taste_n and_o the_o touch_v which_o from_o the_o brain_n itself_o or_o rather_o from_o the_o marrow_n thereof_o do_v receive_v by_o nerve_n as_o it_o be_v by_o channel_n some_o of_o they_o the_o faculty_n of_o sensation_n nerve_n and_o their_o nerve_n alone_o some_o of_o they_o of_o sensation_n and_o motion_n together_o which_o nerve_n be_v say_v thence_o to_o arise_v as_o from_o a_o principle_n of_o dispensation_n &_o radication_n from_o whence_o they_o bring_v the_o sensative_a and_o move_a faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n to_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o sense_n it_o be_v very_o fit_a that_o in_o this_o place_n we_o shall_v deliver_v their_o history_n we_o will_v therefore_o begin_v with_o the_o organ_n of_o smell_v although_o the_o nose_n be_v the_o way_n &_o path_n of_o smell_n yet_o be_v not_o the_o instrument_n of_o smell_v neither_o yet_o his_o bindmost_a coat_n but_o far_a within_o the_o skull_n there_o be_v certain_a process_n or_o production_n esteem_v for_o the_o very_a organ_n of_o this_o sense_n which_o the_o anatomist_n look_v only_o upon_o their_o prominent_a part_n have_v call_v processus_n mammillare_v and_o some_o the_o organ_n of_o smell_v under_o which_o title_n galen_n have_v write_v of_o they_o at_o large_a these_o be_v two_o some_o thing_n like_o nerve_n but_o situate_v in_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n they_o be_v white_a soft_a and_o broad_a than_o nerve_n be_v notwithstanding_o like_o nerve_n they_o be_v round_o and_o slender_a in_o man_n they_o be_v very_o small_a in_o beast_n as_o ox_n goat_n sheep_n and_o dog_n they_o be_v much_o large_a original_n why_o be_v ast_n smell_v better_a than_o man_n their_o original_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o all_o these_o creature_n have_v this_o sense_n of_o smell_a more_o exquisite_a than_o man_n these_o process_n arise_v out_o of_o the_o marrowey_a substance_n of_o the_o brain_n in_o his_o basis_n tab_v 17_o tab._n 17._o fig._n 1._o show_v the_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o after-braine_n free_v from_o their_o membrane_n that_o the_o original_n of_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o brain_n may_v be_v better_o perceive_v fig._n 2._o show_v one_o side_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o afterbrain_n the_o spinall_a marrow_n and_o the_o nerve_n tabula_fw-la xvii_o fig_n i._o fig_n ii_o chap._n xvii_o of_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o eye_n or_o of_o the_o first_o and_o second_o coniugation_n albeit_o in_o a_o particular_a discourse_n hereafter_o follow_v we_o intend_v more_o district_o and_o careful_o to_o prosecute_v the_o nature_n and_o divarication_n of_o nerve_n in_o general_a and_o every_o one_o in_o particular_a yet_o because_o all_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o head_n have_v their_o original_n from_o diverse_a part_n of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o same_o we_o can_v choose_v in_o this_o place_n but_o make_v some_o mention_n of_o they_o though_o nerve_n the_o optic_a nerve_n it_o be_v the_o brief_a the_o first_o conjugation_n therefore_o of_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o optic_n table_n 17._o figure_n 1._o and_o 2._o g_o large_a and_o soft_a than_o all_o other_o simple_a nerve_n large_a because_o they_o be_v sensible_o perforate_v soft_a because_o they_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o basis_n whence_o proceed_v forward_o with_o a_o slow_a course_n they_o be_v unite_v above_o the_o saddle_n of_o the_o wedgebone_n tab_v 17._o figure_n 1._o h_o table_n 14._o figure_n 19_o o_o and_o so_o make_v a_o common_a body_n after_o be_v again_o separate_v table_n 14._o figure_n 19_o m_o n_n table_n 17._o figure_n 1._o above_o h_n they_o pass_v oblique_o forward_o through_o their_o proper_a hole_n table_n 4._o figure_n 10._o b_o the_o one_o to_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o right_a eye_n the_o other_o to_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o left_a ta_fw-la 3._o lib._n 8._o fig._n 8._o ah_o or_o together_o with_o the_o membrane_n fig._n 2._o abc_n substance_n their_o double_a substance_n they_o consist_v of_o a_o double_a substance_n the_o one_o marrowey_a the_o other_o membranous_a the_o marrowey_a be_v soft_a like_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n which_o you_o shall_v perceive_v to_o issue_n if_o it_o be_v marrowey_a marrowey_a hard_o press_v and_o of_o this_o marrowy_a substance_n dilate_v in_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v that_o coat_n make_v which_o of_o the_o similitude_n of_o a_o net_n be_v call_v retina_fw-la tunica_fw-la tab._n 17._o fig._n 1_o and_o 2._o i_o and_o this_o compass_v the_o glassy_a humour_n like_o a_o sphere_n membrane_n their_o membrane_n it_o have_v two_o membrane_n from_o the_o two_o meninge_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o thin_a membrane_n invest_v it_o from_o the_o original_n to_o his_o outlet_a from_o the_o skull_n the_o thick_a meninx_n be_v add_v to_o it_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o eye_n and_o so_o the_o thick_a membrane_n degenerate_v into_o the_o horny_a coat_n the_o thin_a be_v consume_v or_o spend_v in_o the_o vuea_n and_o so_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v transport_v through_o the_o continuation_n of_o this_o nerve_n unto_o the_o pupilla_fw-la or_o apple_n which_o be_v the_o hole_n of_o the_o grapie_a membrane_n they_o be_v call_v therefore_o optic_a nerve_n from_o their_o action_n because_o they_o communicate_v to_o the_o eye_n the_o sense_n of_o see_v the_o second_o conjugation_n be_v of_o the_o nerve_n which_o move_v the_o eye_n table_n 18._o figure_n 1._o and_o 2._o fraine_n the_o 2._o coniugation_n of_o the_o move_a nerve_n their_o fraine_n â—_o tab_v 15._o figure_n 20._o g_o which_o be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o former_a only_o by_o a_o little_a and_o thin_a bone_n and_o rise_v from_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n tab_v 25._o fig._n 1._o c_o a_o little_a behind_o the_o former_a as_o vesalius_n say_v this_o be_v small_a and_o slendere_a by_o much_o then_o be_v the_o optic_a as_o also_o hard_o because_o it_o be_v to_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o muscle_n it_o yssu_v by_o a_o proper_a hole_n of_o his_o own_o tab_v 4._o fig._n 10._o g_o which_o be_v the_o second_o of_o the_o wedgebone_n where_o after_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o notable_a branch_n which_o be_v send_v into_o the_o muscle_n in_o some_o body_n though_o it_o be_v but_o seldom_o they_o send_v small_a this_o note_v this_o twig_n to_o the_o temporal_a muscle_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o sometime_o if_o that_o muscle_n be_v offend_v the_o eye_n also_o suffer_v with_o it_o and_o so_o on_o the_o contrary_n their_o use_n be_v to_o afford_v to_o the_o muscle_n the_o faculty_n of_o motion_n as_o also_o a_o draw_v power_n to_o their_o membrane_n now_o the_o reason_n why_o when_o one_o eye_n be_v move_v to_o the_o side_n the_o other_o also_o together_o their_o use_n why_o both_o eye_n move_v together_o necessary_o follow_v be_v because_o these_o nerve_n be_v continue_v one_o with_o another_o in_o their_o original_n chap._n xviii_o of_o the_o three_o and_o four_o coniugation_n of_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o three_o conjugation_n tab._n 19_o fig._n 1_o and_o 2_o i._n ta._n 15_o fig._n 20_o h_n be_v send_v unto_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o face_n &_o be_v common_o call_v the_o small_a root_n of_o the_o three_o conjugation_n the_o 3._o conjugation_n pair_n but_o it_o deserve_v we_o think_v to_o be_v a_o particular_a conjugation_n because_o it_o be_v not_o join_v with_o the_o follow_a pair_n tab._n 15._o
absolute_o a_o organical_a action_n because_o it_o be_v impair_v in_o those_o that_o be_v melancholicall_a and_o phreniticall_a when_o the_o structure_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v not_o at_o all_o violate_a neither_o yet_o pure_o similar_v because_o the_o brain_n be_v offend_v when_o his_o ventricle_n be_v compress_v or_o stuff_v up_o all_o be_v the_o temperament_n be_v not_o offend_v furthermore_o this_o ratiotiation_n be_v neither_o inchoated_a nor_o perfect_v by_o the_o temperament_n alone_o neither_o yet_o perform_v by_o any_o particle_n of_o the_o brain_n but_o be_v a_o action_n mix_v or_o compound_v of_o a_o organical_a and_o similar_v such_o as_o be_v the_o action_n of_o the_o heart_n &_o the_o stomach_n for_o the_o heart_n indeed_o be_v move_v and_o have_v his_o pulsation_n from_o a_o ingenite_fw-la faculty_n and_o proper_a temper_n of_o his_o own_o but_o it_o can_v neither_o have_v be_v contract_v nor_o distend_v unless_o it_o have_v be_v excavate_v or_o hollow_v into_o ventricle_n qvest._n four_o of_o the_o use_n of_o the_o brain_n against_o aristotle_n if_o ever_o that_o great_a interpreter_n and_o inessenger_n of_o nature_n aristotle_n the_o prince_n of_o the_o peripatetic_n do_v less_o sufficient_o acquit_v himself_o it_o be_v in_o the_o matter_n of_o anatomy_n aristotle_n the_o use_n of_o the_o brain_n after_o aristotle_n &_o more_o especial_o in_o that_o he_o have_v write_v concern_v the_o use_n of_o the_o brain_n in_o the_o seven_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr part_n animal_n where_o he_o can_v be_v redeem_v from_o palpable_a absurdity_n the_o brain_n say_v he_o be_v only_o make_v to_o resrigerate_v the_o heart_n first_o because_o it_o be_v without_o blood_n and_o without_o vein_n and_o again_o because_o a_o man_n brain_n be_v of_o all_o other_o creature_n the_o large_a for_o that_o his_o heart_n be_v the_o hot_a this_o opinion_n of_o aristotle_n galen_n in_o his_o 8._o book_n de_fw-la usu_fw-la partium_fw-la confute_v by_o these_o argument_n first_o see_v the_o brain_n be_v actual_o more_o hot_a than_o the_o most_o soultery_n air_n in_o summer_n how_o shall_v it_o confute_v aristotle_n confute_v refrigerate_v or_o cool_v the_o hart_n shall_v it_o not_o rather_o be_v contemper_v by_o the_o inspiration_n of_o air_n which_o it_o draw_v in_o and_o as_o it_o be_v swallow_v from_o a_o full_a stream_n if_o the_o peripatetic_n shall_v say_v that_o the_o external_a air_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o refrigerate_v the_o heart_n but_o that_o there_o be_v alsorequire_v a_o inward_a bowel_z to_o assist_v it_o i_o answer_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v far_o remove_v from_o the_o heart_n and_o wall_a in_o on_o every_o side_n with_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o scull_n but_o sure_o if_o nature_n have_v intend_v it_o for_o that_o use_n she_o will_v either_o have_v place_v it_o in_o the_o chest_n or_o at_o least_o not_o set_v so_o long_a a_o neck_n between_o they_o the_o heel_n say_v galen_n have_v more_o power_n to_o cool_v the_o heart_n than_o the_o brain_n for_o when_o they_o be_v refrigerated_a or_o wet_a the_o cold_a be_v present_o communicate_v to_o the_o whole_a body_n which_o happen_v not_o when_o man_n take_v cold_a on_o their_o head_n beside_o the_o brain_n be_v rather_o heat_v by_o the_o heart_n than_o the_o heart_n cool_v by_o the_o brain_n because_o from_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o umbles_z about_o it_o there_o continual_o arise_v very_o hot_a vapour_n which_o be_v natural_o light_n do_v ascend_v upward_o add_v hereto_o this_o strong_a argument_n which_o utter_o subvert_v the_o opinion_n of_o aristotle_n and_o the_o peripatetic_n if_o the_o brain_n have_v be_v only_o make_v to_o cool_v argument_n a_o very_a strong_a argument_n the_o heart_n what_o need_n have_v there_o be_v of_o so_o admirable_a a_o structure_n what_o use_n be_v there_o of_o the_o 4._o ventricle_n the_o chamber_v or_o arch_v body_n of_o the_o web_n and_o texture_n of_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o pine_n glandule_n of_o the_o tunnell_n of_o the_o testicle_n and_o buttock_n of_o the_o spinal_a marrow_n and_o of_o the_o manifold_a propagation_n of_o the_o sinew_n final_o if_o this_o be_v true_a that_o aristotle_n affirm_v than_o shall_v the_o lion_n which_o be_v the_o hot_a of_o all_o creature_n witness_v his_o continual_a disposition_n to_o the_o ague_n have_v have_v a_o large_a brain_n than_o a_o man_n and_o man_n because_o they_o be_v hot_a shall_v have_v large_a brain_n than_o woman_n which_o thing_n because_o they_o abhor_v from_o reason_n and_o sense_n we_o doubt_v not_o to_o affirm_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v create_v for_o more_o noble_a and_o divine_a employment_n then_o to_o refrigerate_v the_o heart_n the_o body_n therefore_o of_o the_o brain_n be_v build_v for_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o animal_n sensative_a motive_n and_o principal_a function_n and_o it_o be_v hollow_v into_o so_o many_o ventricle_n &_o brain_n the_o true_a use_n of_o the_o brain_n furnish_v with_o so_o many_o texture_n and_o complication_n of_o vessel_n for_o the_o avoid_n of_o his_o excrement_n for_o the_o preparation_n and_o perfection_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n beside_o the_o nerve_n serve_v as_o organ_n to_o lead_v out_o the_o same_o animal_n spirit_n together_o with_o the_o faculty_n of_o motion_n and_o sense_n unto_o the_o sense_n and_o the_o whole_a body_n auerrhoe_n aristotle_n ape_n and_o where_o occasion_n be_v give_v a_o bitter_a detractor_n from_o physician_n endeavore_v to_o excuse_v aristotle_n and_o say_v be_v what_o auerrhos_n opinion_n be_v that_o the_o brain_n do_v therefore_o refrigerate_v the_o heart_n because_o it_o temper_v the_o extreme_a heat_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n but_o let_v we_o grant_v that_o the_o brain_n temper_v some_o spirit_n yet_o it_o will_v hardly_o temper_v the_o spirit_n of_o the_o heart_n &_o of_o the_o large_a artery_n if_o it_o at_o all_o temper_n those_o spirit_n which_o confute_v but_o confute_v be_v contain_v in_o the_o substance_n and_o membrane_n of_o the_o brain_n which_o spirit_n so_o temper_v see_v they_o do_v not_o return_v unto_o the_o heart_n how_o shall_v they_o temper_v the_o heat_n of_o the_o heart_n alexander_n benedictus_n in_o the_o 20._o chapter_n of_o his_o four_o book_n seem_v to_o follow_v the_o opinion_n of_o auerrhoe_n albertus_n magnus_n a_o man_n better_o store_v with_o learning_n than_o honesty_n although_o he_o be_v a_o peripatetic_a yet_o in_o this_o point_n he_o fall_v from_o his_o master_n aristotle_n and_o say_v in_o his_o 12_o book_n the_o animal_n that_o the_o brain_n by_o his_o frigidity_n do_v no_o more_o temper_n the_o heat_n of_o the_o hart_n than_o the_o siccity_n or_o dryness_n of_o the_o heart_n do_v temper_v the_o moisture_n of_o the_o brain_n whether_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o original_n of_o the_o sinew_n whether_o the_o nerve_n be_v continue_v with_o the_o vein_n and_o artery_n whether_o the_o nerve_n be_v the_o organ_n of_o sense_n and_o motion_n whether_o the_o nerve_n of_o motion_n differ_v from_o the_o nerve_n of_o sense_n why_o the_o sense_n may_v perish_v the_o motion_n be_v not_o hinder_v or_o on_o the_o contrary_a whether_o the_o faculty_n alone_o or_o a_o spirit_n therewith_o do_v pass_v by_o the_o nerve_n by_o which_o part_n of_o the_o nerve_n the_o inner_a or_o the_o utter_a the_o spirit_n be_v derive_v all_o these_o question_n and_o difficulty_n with_o their_o resolution_n you_o must_v seek_v for_o in_o the_o three_o dispute_v where_o these_o question_n be_v dispute_v part_n of_o our_o book_n of_o the_o vessel_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o question_n we_o now_o prosecute_v qvest._n v._n whence_o it_o be_v that_o when_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o head_n or_o brain_n be_v wound_v or_o inflame_v a_o convulsion_n fall_v into_o the_o opposite_a part_n we_o have_v a_o double_a problem_n here_o to_o discuss_v the_o first_o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o when_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o head_n be_v wound_v or_o inflame_v it_o oftentimes_o fall_v out_o that_o the_o left_a part_n of_o the_o body_n suffer_v convulsion_n the_o second_o why_o one_o part_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v smite_v or_o obstruct_v it_o sometime_o happen_v that_o the_o contrary_a side_n of_o the_o body_n be_v resolve_v or_o become_v paralytical_a both_o these_o question_n have_v in_o they_o many_o difficulty_n for_o the_o affection_n or_o disease_n almost_o rectitude_n the_o affection_n of_o the_o part_n be_v communicate_v according_a to_o rectitude_n of_o all_o the_o part_n be_v communicate_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v by_o rectitude_n not_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v by_o contrariety_n because_o the_o right_a side_n with_o the_o right_n and_o the_o leave_v with_o the_o left_a be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v have_v a_o similitude_n of_o substance_n and_o therefore_o when_o the_o spleen_n be_v affect_v the_o left_a side_n be_v pain_v
duplication_n of_o the_o dura_n meninx_n call_v the_o since_o because_o it_o be_v like_o a_o mow_v since_o or_o siccle_n the_o other_o why_o when_o as_o the_o same_o acrimony_n of_o the_o pus_fw-la or_o quitture_v prick_v the_o membrane_n of_o the_o wound_a part_n it_o do_v not_o stir_v up_o convulsion_n in_o the_o same_o but_o in_o the_o opposite_a part_n the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o former_a be_v fetch_v from_o anatomy_n the_o hard_a membrane_n which_o part_n how_o the_o ichor_n pass_v into_o the_o opposite_a part_n touch_v the_o skull_n in_o the_o upper_a and_o exterior_a part_n be_v whole_o continuate_v and_o line_v as_o it_o be_v or_o smear_v over_o with_o a_o watery_a humour_n betwixt_o it_o and_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o skull_n be_v the_o purulent_a matter_n gather_v which_o may_v be_v both_o express_v and_o propagate_v out_o of_o the_o right_a side_n into_o the_o left_a by_o the_o continuity_n of_o the_o membrane_n and_o further_v by_o the_o orbicular_a figure_n of_o the_o head_n a_o small_a portion_n of_o the_o ichor_n express_v out_o of_o the_o affect_a into_o the_o sound_a side_n sometime_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o tenuity_n sweat_v through_o the_o membrane_n into_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o out_o of_o it_o into_o the_o nerve_n whence_o come_v their_o inflammation_n sometime_o by_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o membrane_n it_o fall_v into_o the_o spinal_a marrow_n which_o be_v invest_v with_o the_o same_o membrane_n where_o goad_v the_o original_n of_o the_o nerve_n it_o procure_v a_o convulsion_n by_o sympathy_n or_o consent_n so_o that_o when_o the_o membrane_n be_v vellicate_v or_o inflame_v a_o convulsion_n soon_o ensue_v then_o if_o the_o internal_a or_o marrowey_a substance_n of_o the_o nerve_n be_v affect_v but_o why_o be_v the_o convulsion_n not_o in_o the_o wound_v but_o in_o the_o opposite_a part_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o sometime_o when_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o head_n be_v wound_v the_o right_a part_n of_o the_o body_n be_v also_o convel_v sometime_o the_o opposite_a part_n only_o oftentimes_o both_o together_o when_o say_v galen_n the_o inflammation_n touch_v the_o original_n it_o be_v not_o therefore_o perpetual_o true_a that_o when_o one_o part_n of_o the_o head_n be_v wound_v the_o opposite_a part_n be_v convel_v but_o because_o it_o happen_v so_o for_o the_o most_o part_n let_v we_o inquire_v the_o reason_n thereof_o the_o convulsion_n be_v in_o the_o opposite_a not_o in_o the_o wound_a part_n because_o the_o purulent_a matter_n convel_v why_o the_o wound_a part_n be_v not_o convel_v which_o be_v express_v or_o diffuse_v out_o of_o the_o wound_a into_o the_o sound_a part_n have_v no_o issue_n but_o be_v there_o stable_a or_o gather_v and_o breed_v a_o inflammation_n and_o from_o thence_o come_v the_o convulsion_n but_o the_o sanies_fw-la or_o matter_n which_o gather_v in_o the_o wound_a part_n have_v free_a egress_n by_o the_o wound_n and_o by_o the_o section_n of_o the_o bone_n and_o so_o the_o membrane_n be_v not_o affect_v and_o this_o haply_o hypocrates_n mean_v when_o in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o wench_n he_o say_v that_o the_o leave_v part_n suffer_v hypocrates_n hypocrates_n convulsion_n because_o the_o contusion_n be_v on_o the_o right_a side_n we_o may_v also_o assign_v another_o reason_n of_o this_o convulsion_n and_o that_o very_a probable_a the_o wound_a part_n be_v not_o convel_v it_o another_o reason_n of_o it_o but_o the_o opposite_a because_o the_o faculty_n of_o the_o wound_a part_n be_v extinguish_v and_o dissolve_v and_o the_o temperament_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o all_o action_n be_v notable_o deprave_a wherefore_o though_o the_o faculty_n be_v provoke_v yet_o it_o answer_v not_o neither_o do_v any_o motion_n follow_v such_o provocation_n now_o that_o upon_o a_o suppuration_n or_o notable_a inflammation_n the_o part_n be_v almost_o mortify_a hippoc._n be_v witness_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr vulneribus_fw-la capitis_fw-la but_o the_o opposite_a part_n have_v a_o quick_a sense_n be_v present_o contract_v &_o draw_v into_o consent_n with_o it_o all_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o same_o side_n and_o so_o convulsion_n follow_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o a_o rectitude_n of_o vessel_n and_o this_o our_o conjecture_n the_o place_n of_o hypocrates_n above_o name_v make_v good_a for_o when_o the_o convulsion_n fall_v upon_o hypocrates_n hypocrates_n the_o opposite_a part_n then_o the_o case_n be_v desperate_a pustules_fw-la arise_v in_o the_o tongue_n and_o the_o patient_a die_v in_o a_o delirium_fw-la or_o light_a frenzy_n qvest._n vi_o why_o when_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o head_n be_v wound_v or_o obstruct_v the_o opposite_a part_n be_v resolve_v or_o become_v paralytical_a concern_v the_o palsy_n the_o difficulty_n be_v great_a the_o knot_n hard_a to_o cleave_v namely_o why_o when_o one_o part_n of_o the_o head_n be_v wound_v or_o one_o of_o the_o ventricle_n of_o the_o brain_n obstruct_v or_o compress_v the_o opposite_a part_n be_v resolve_v or_o become_v paralytical_a that_o it_o be_v most_o true_a the_o example_n authority_n that_o the_o opposite_a part_n be_v resolve_v prove_v by_o authority_n be_v infinite_a and_o all_o physician_n both_o ancient_a and_o modern_a in_o their_o writing_n do_v agree_v upon_o it_o hypocrates_n make_v mention_n of_o this_o kind_n of_o palsy_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr vulneribus_fw-la capitis_fw-la and_o in_fw-la coacis_fw-la praenotionibus_fw-la those_o say_v he_o that_o become_v impotent_a of_o wound_n in_o their_o head_n do_v recover_v if_o a_o ague_n without_o horror_n overtake_v they_o otherwise_o they_o become_v apoplecticall_a in_o the_o right_a part_n or_o in_o the_o left_a that_o be_v paralytical_a for_o hypocrates_n often_o say_v crus_n apoplecticum_n for_o the_o leg_n take_v with_o the_o palsy_n in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o son_n of_o phanius_fw-la and_o euergus_n in_o his_o 7._o book_n epidemiωn_v he_o write_v hypocrates_n a_o history_n out_o of_o hypocrates_n that_o they_o become_v impotent_a if_o the_o wound_n be_v in_o the_o right_a part_n on_o the_o left_a side_n and_o on_o the_o right_a side_n if_o the_o wound_n be_v on_o the_o left_a part_n aretaeus_n in_o the_o 7._o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr causis_fw-la et_fw-la sigmis_fw-la diutur_fw-la norum_fw-la morborum_fw-la be_v of_o the_o same_o mind_n if_o say_v he_o the_o head_n be_v wound_v at_o first_o on_o the_o right_a part_n the_o left_a side_n be_v resolve_v if_o on_o the_o leave_v the_o right_a side_n salicetus_fw-la set_v this_o down_n for_o a_o catholic_a or_o universal_a theorem_a or_o maxim_n whensoever_o any_o man_n be_v wound_v in_o the_o head_n so_o that_o a_o palsy_n happen_v thereupon_o if_o the_o wound_n be_v in_o the_o right_a part_n of_o the_o head_n the_o left_a side_n will_v be_v paralytical_a and_o contrariwise_o the_o same_o have_v johannes_n de_fw-fr vigo_n observe_v and_o hollerius_n in_o his_o commentary_n in_o coacas_n praenotiones_fw-la hippocratis_fw-la and_o we_o also_o say_v laurentius_n come_v diverse_a opinion_n how_o this_o palsy_n come_v our_o author_n have_v observe_v the_o same_o wherefore_o that_o it_o be_v so_o there_o be_v no_o controversy_n all_o the_o question_n be_v why_o and_o how_o it_o come_v so_o to_o pass_v and_o that_o indeed_o be_v much_o dispute_v some_o imagine_v that_o the_o nerve_n in_o their_o original_n be_v so_o implicate_v that_o the_o right_a nerve_n run_v along_o the_o left_a side_n and_o the_o leave_v along_o the_o right_a side_n intersect_v themselves_o in_o manner_n of_o a_o s._n andrew_n cross_n which_o first_o the_o first_o intersection_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o therefore_o it_o be_v say_v they_o that_o when_o the_o right_a part_n be_v obstruct_v or_o otherwise_o affect_v the_o left_a side_n be_v convel_v or_o resolve_v and_o on_o the_o contrary_a because_o the_o original_n be_v affect_v and_o this_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o cassius_n and_o aretaeus_n cassius_n thought_n that_o the_o nerve_n do_v so_o take_v their_o original_n from_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n that_o those_o another_o of_o cassius_n and_o aretaeus_n that_o the_o nerve_n cross_v one_o another_o which_o arise_v from_o the_o right_a part_n be_v carry_v into_o the_o left_a and_o those_o which_o arise_v from_o the_o left_a side_n into_o the_o right_n cross_v one_o another_o overthwart_a aretaeus_n be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n the_o right_a nerve_n say_v he_o do_v not_o proceed_v direct_o into_o the_o right_a part_n unto_o their_o termination_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o spring_v up_o they_o cut_v over_o to_o the_o other_o side_n cross_v one_o another_o like_o the_o letter_n x_o which_o the_o grecian_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o the_o levity_n of_o this_o opinion_n need_v no_o 〈◊〉_d consute_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d consuration_n for_o ocular_a inspection_n which_o we_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d
and_o the_o nerve_n be_v voluntary_a furthermore_o we_o be_v not_o to_o think_v that_o the_o nerve_n be_v so_o much_o the_o fit_a for_o motion_n second_o second_o by_o how_o much_o they_o have_v more_o marrow_n rather_o we_o believe_v the_o contrary_a that_o the_o hard_a nerve_n be_v fit_a for_o motion_n and_o the_o soft_a for_o sense_n because_o sensation_n be_v a_o passion_n but_o motion_n a_o action_n we_o know_v also_o by_o experience_n that_o the_o optic_a nerve_n which_o be_v the_o soft_a of_o all_o the_o nerve_n have_v more_o marrowy_a substance_n than_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o second_o conjugation_n yet_o the_o optic_a be_v the_o nerve_n of_o sense_n the_o other_o the_o nerve_n of_o motion_n add_v hereto_o that_o motion_n shall_v be_v rather_o ascribe_v to_o the_o membrane_n then_o to_o the_o marrow_n because_o the_o marrow_n melt_v away_o but_o the_o membrane_n be_v stretch_v &_o contract_v so_o the_o nerve_n of_o child_n be_v weak_a and_o soft_a and_o unfit_a for_o motion_n to_o all_o these_o let_v we_o add_v the_o authority_n of_o galen_n in_o the_o three_o chapter_n of_o his_o seven_o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la hip._n &_o platonis_fw-la where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o faculty_n of_o motion_n and_o sense_n be_v only_o contain_v in_o galen_n the_o authority_n of_o galen_n the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o that_o the_o membrane_n be_v make_v to_o clothe_v and_o nourish_v the_o marrow_n &_o for_o no_o other_o use_n we_o conceive_v therefore_o that_o this_o paradox_n although_o it_o be_v witty_a yet_o will_v not_o hold_v at_o the_o touchstone_n and_o therefore_o we_o determine_v that_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v without_o all_o sense_n and_o animal_n motion_n and_o yet_o be_v the_o fountain_n and_o original_n of_o all_o animal_n both_o the_o brain_n have_v neither_o sense_n nor_o motion_n and_o yet_o be_v the_o original_n of_o both_o sense_n and_o motion_n of_o sense_n because_o it_o perceyve_v the_o representation_n and_o receyve_v the_o impression_n of_o all_o sensible_a thing_n of_o motion_n because_o it_o dispense_v and_o afford_v all_o that_o power_n and_o command_v for_o the_o avoid_n of_o that_o which_o be_v noxious_a and_o prosecution_n of_o that_o which_o be_v profitable_a from_o whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o when_o the_o brain_n be_v il_fw-mi affect_v the_o inferior_a part_n have_v neither_o sense_n nor_o motion_n qvest._n xi_o of_o the_o temperament_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o physician_n and_o the_o peripatetike_n in_o this_o do_v agree_v that_o the_o brain_n in_o the_o active_a quality_n be_v cold_a in_o the_o passive_a moist_a but_o here_o in_o they_o differ_v that_o aristotle_n in_o the_o seven_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr partib_n animalium_fw-la and_o in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr somno_fw-la &_o vigilia_fw-la determine_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v actual_o cold_a and_o ordain_v to_o refrigerate_v or_o cool_v the_o heart_n contrariwise_o the_o physician_n say_v that_o it_o be_v actual_o hot_a for_o galen_n in_o his_o eight_o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la hip._n &_o platonis_fw-la say_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v hot_a than_o the_o most_o sultry_a aer_fw-la in_o summer_n galen_n reconciliation_n of_o aristotle_n and_o galen_n some_o there_o be_v that_o do_v thus_o reconcile_v galen_n and_o aristotle_n there_o be_v say_v they_o a_o double_a temperament_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o one_o inbred_n the_o other_o influent_a by_o the_o inbred_n temper_n the_o proper_a composition_n and_o the_o marrowy_a substance_n the_o brain_n be_v very_o cold_a but_o by_o the_o influent_a temper_n it_o be_v hot_a for_o it_o be_v full_a of_o spirit_n and_o intertex_v with_o very_a many_o small_a artery_n if_o you_o respect_v the_o inbred_a temper_n then_o be_v the_o temperament_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n one_o and_o the_o same_o because_o they_o have_v the_o same_o marrowy_a substance_n if_o you_o respect_v the_o influent_a temper_n then_o say_v galen_n in_o the_o ninthe_n chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr temperam_fw-la the_o brain_n be_v hot_a than_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n as_o well_o because_o there_o pass_v unto_o it_o more_o artery_n as_o also_o because_o many_o fumid_a exhalation_n do_v ascend_v unto_o it_o some_o say_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v simple_o and_o absolute_o hot_a but_o cold_a comparative_o because_o it_o be_v the_o cold_a of_o all_o the_o bowel_n and_o galen_n in_o art_n medica_fw-la write_v that_o a_o hot_a brain_n be_v cold_a than_o the_o cold_a heart_n in_o which_o respect_n hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr glandulis_n call_v the_o brain_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o seat_n of_o coldness_n but_o i_o can_v approve_v this_o opinion_n for_o if_o the_o brain_n be_v cold_a than_o the_o skin_n which_o be_v in_o a_o mean_a betwixt_o the_o extreme_n than_o it_o be_v simple_o cold_a and_o not_o hot_a now_o that_o it_o be_v cold_a than_o the_o skin_n galen_n teach_v in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr temperamentis_fw-la it_o will_v be_v object_v that_o if_o the_o brain_n be_v lay_v bare_a it_o will_v present_o be_v refrigerated_a objection_n objection_n by_o the_o aer_fw-la whereas_o the_o skin_n be_v not_o affect_v therewith_o i_o answer_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v alter_v solution_n solution_n by_o the_o aer_fw-la because_o it_o be_v not_o accustom_v thereto_o as_o the_o skin_n be_v so_o the_o tooth_n because_o they_o be_v accustom_v to_o the_o air_n do_v not_o grow_v black_a as_o other_o bone_n do_v if_o they_o be_v lay_v bare_a or_o again_o that_o the_o brain_n be_v hot_a to_o feel_v to_o then_o the_o skin_n because_o it_o be_v cover_v with_o the_o scull_n and_o the_o membrane_n and_o have_v many_o complication_n of_o the_o artery_n therein_o we_o determine_v therefore_o that_o the_o brain_n of_o his_o inbred_a temper_n be_v cold_a than_o the_o skin_n but_o by_o his_o influent_a temper_n be_v hot_a that_o the_o brain_n shall_v be_v 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membrane_n and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o when_o we_o desire_v to_o view_v a_o thing_n curious_o we_o often_o wink_v with_o our_o eyelid_n the_o second_o use_n of_o the_o lid_n be_v that_o the_o visible_a virtue_n may_v sometime_o be_v turn_v from_o the_o light_n especial_o in_o sleep_n that_o a_o man_n may_v take_v the_o better_a rest_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o in_o second_o the_o second_o those_o creature_n which_o want_v eyelid_n as_o locust_n lobster_n crab_n &_o such_o like_a insectiles_a nature_n have_v provide_v certain_a cavity_n whereinto_o in_o the_o time_n of_o their_o repose_n as_o into_o certain_a chamber_n they_o receive_v their_o whole_a eye_n and_o shoot_v they_o out_o again_o when_o they_o look_v abroad_o for_o shoe_n have_v a_o especial_a care_n of_o this_o that_o every_o sense_n shall_v be_v keep_v fit_a to_o perform_v his_o own_o action_n and_o hence_o we_o may_v imagine_v the_o unnatural_a and_o cruel_a punishment_n which_o the_o carthagenian_o inflict_v upon_o m._n atikus_n kegulus_fw-la who_o in_o the_o first_o punic_a war_n they_o have_v at_o unaware_o surprise_v who_o be_v by_o they_o send_v to_o rome_n after_o he_o have_v before_o take_v his_o oath_n to_o return_v do_v in_o the_o senate-house_n dissuade_v they_o from_o make_v exchange_n of_o captive_n wherefore_o when_o he_o return_v they_o cut_v off_o his_o eyelid_n and_o set_v he_o in_o the_o sun_n until_o the_o brightness_n of_o the_o object_n over-came_v not_o only_o the_o spirit_n of_o his_o eye_n but_o also_o of_o his_o life_n a_o three_o use_n of_o the_o eyelid_n be_v to_o recreate_v the_o sight_n least_o at_o one_o time_n too_o great_a a_o number_n use_n the_o three_o use_n of_o spirit_n shall_v be_v exhaust_v for_o if_o the_o eye_n shall_v be_v so_o long_o open_a as_o we_o be_v awake_a they_o will_v be_v weary_v and_o many_o thing_n fall_v upon_o their_o coat_n will_v offend_v they_o again_o if_o they_o be_v not_o quite_o shut_v up_o they_o direct_v our_o 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desirous_a to_o absolve_v the_o history_n of_o the_o sense_n in_o this_o present_a book_n we_o will_v take_v liberty_n to_o vary_v something_o from_o our_o scope_n and_o set_v down_o as_o perfect_v a_o description_n of_o they_o here_o as_o we_o can_v and_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o before_o we_o be_v so_o large_a in_o describe_v the_o muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n brow_n and_o eye-lidde_n concern_v all_o which_o we_o will_v spare_v our_o labour_n and_o you_o when_o we_o come_v to_o the_o history_n of_o the_o muscle_n because_o therefore_o our_o eye_n be_v give_v we_o as_o spy_n and_o scoutwatche_n that_o we_o may_v pursue_v thing_n profitable_a and_o eschew_v that_o that_o be_v hurtful_a nature_n make_v not_o the_o eye_n immovable_a for_o than_o they_o shall_v have_v discern_v only_o that_o which_o be_v opposite_a unto_o they_o for_o so_o say_v aristotle_n in_o his_o second_o book_n departibus_fw-la animalium_fw-la and_o the_o ten_o chapter_n gerimnus_n line_n we_o see_v by_o a_o right_a line_n per_fw-la directum_fw-la that_o be_v we_o see_v by_o a_o straight_a line_n not_o in_o every_o position_n say_v galen_n in_o the_o eight_o chapter_n of_o his_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr usupartium_fw-la because_o oblique_a side_n backward_o high_a and_o low_a object_n do_v not_o fall_v in_o with_o the_o ball_n of_o the_o eye_n nature_n therefore_o have_v so_o dispose_v the_o eye_n that_o they_o may_v move_v &_o turn_v themselves_o on_o every_o side_n at_o their_o pleasure_n but_o galen_n addoth_a in_o the_o place_n before_o quote_v that_o not_o only_o the_o eye_n be_v move_v but_o also_o the_o neck_n and_o the_o head_n be_v make_v mooveable_a for_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o eye_n because_o there_o be_v six_o position_n of_o place_n unto_o all_o which_o the_o eye_n ought_v to_o move_v that_o be_v to_o say_v upward_o downward_o forward_o backward_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o on_o the_o left_a it_o be_v therefore_o of_o necessity_n that_o the_o eye_n shall_v have_v other_o help_n beside_o their_o own_o motion_n for_o the_o eye_n be_v not_o move_v forward_o and_o backward_o partly_o because_o there_o be_v no_o absolute_a necessity_n and_o partly_o because_o it_o be_v impossible_a it_o be_v not_o necessary_a they_o shall_v move_v forward_o say_v aquapendens_fw-la because_o the_o eye_n do_v not_o attain_v unto_o the_o light_n but_o the_o light_n unto_o the_o eye_n which_o in_o a_o moment_n enlighten_v a_o infinite_a space_n even_o unto_o the_o eye_n yea_o insinuate_v itself_o thereinto_o but_o the_o wise_a creator_n have_v make_v amends_n for_o the_o defect_n of_o this_o motion_n of_o the_o eye_n by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o head_n which_o out_o of_o hand_n convert_v itself_o to_o see_v those_o thing_n which_o the_o eye_n can_v not_o by_o his_o proper_a motion_n perceive_v moreover_o that_o we_o may_v see_v thigh_n as_o also_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o thigh_n whatsoever_o be_v behind_o our_o back_n which_o can_v not_o be_v do_v only_o by_o the_o circumuolution_n of_o the_o head_n nature_n have_v so_o provide_v that_o the_o thigh_n can_v carry_v the_o body_n round_o in_o like_a manner_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o eye_n upward_o be_v assist_v by_o the_o backward_a motion_n of_o the_o head_n and_o of_o the_o whol_n spin_v which_o they_o have_v experience_n of_o that_o strive_v to_o take_v view_n of_o the_o pinnacle_n of_o a_o high_a steeple_n so_o also_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o eye_n downward_o be_v further_v by_o that_o motion_n of_o the_o head_n and_o of_o the_o neck_n which_o be_v forward_o see_v therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o eye_n shall_v be_v move_v with_o voluntary_a motion_n and_o all_o voluntary_a motion_n be_v make_v by_o muscle_n therefore_o our_o wise_a creator_n have_v give_v many_o why_o their_o muscle_n
midst_n thereof_o have_v it_o a_o bosom_n table_n 3._o figu_n 9_o r_o and_o 18_o β_n whereinto_o it_o receive_v the_o chrystaline_a humour_n and_o although_o it_o be_v compass_v about_o by_o the_o net-like_a coat_n call_v amphiblestroide_v whereby_o it_o be_v nourish_v from_o the_o vein_n disseminated_a there_o through_o yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o have_v a_o proper_a coat_n of_o his_o own_o call_v vitrea_fw-la which_o if_o it_o be_v break_v this_o humour_n present_o melt_v and_o resolve_v into_o water_n chap._n x._o of_o the_o use_n of_o the_o humour_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o of_o the_o sight_n have_v declare_v the_o admirable_a wisdom_n providence_n and_o goodness_n of_o god_n our_o creator_n in_o the_o conformation_n of_o this_o divine_a member_n which_o we_o call_v the_o eye_n although_o we_o have_v speak_v somewhat_o in_o the_o history_n of_o every_o particular_a part_n concern_v their_o use_n yet_o there_o remain_v many_o thing_n worthy_a our_o observation_n eye_n a_o philosophical_a discourse_n of_o the_o use_n of_o the_o eye_n touch_v the_o humour_n which_o be_v join_v to_o that_o that_o have_v be_v say_v before_o will_n better_o absolve_v and_o accomplish_v this_o discourse_n of_o the_o use_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o true_a manner_n of_o sight_n which_o though_o i_o must_v confess_v that_o they_o be_v more_o philosophical_a than_o anatomicall_a yet_o because_o they_o pertain_v to_o the_o same_o subject_n i_o presume_v the_o reader_n will_v not_o abhor_v from_o they_o that_o the_o eye_n be_v the_o instrument_n of_o the_o sight_n by_o which_o it_o perceive_v all_o visible_a thing_n as_o well_o proper_a as_o common_a there_o be_v no_o man_n ignorant_a proper_a as_o all_o colour_n common_a as_o the_o figure_n magnitude_n number_n motion_n and_o scite_fw-la which_o be_v sensible_a quality_n common_a common_z the_o proper_a object_n of_o the_o sight_n common_z to_o all_o the_o sense_n so_o that_o it_o be_v true_o say_v that_o the_o eye_n see_v not_o a_o man_n but_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v visible_a in_o a_o man_n as_o colour_n together_o with_o the_o scite_fw-la figure_n magnitude_n number_n and_o motion_n of_o his_o part_n out_o of_o which_o afterward_o the_o soul_n collect_v that_o that_o thing_n be_v a_o man._n the_o eye_n be_v frame_v of_o many_o part_n all_o which_o be_v create_v for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o sight_n but_o because_o in_o every_o organ_n which_o be_v compound_v of_o many_o part_n there_o be_v one_o similar_v particle_n upon_o part_n particular_a use_n of_o the_o part_n which_o the_o action_n of_o that_o organ_n do_v especial_o depend_v it_o will_v be_v know_v what_o this_o particle_n be_v in_o the_o eye_n we_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v the_o chrystaline_a humour_n which_o be_v the_o author_n of_o the_o action_n because_o in_o it_o the_o species_n or_o form_n of_o visible_a thing_n be_v receive_v and_o by_o it_o judge_v of_o beside_o this_o there_o be_v some_o particle_n without_o which_o the_o 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or_o leg_n of_o the_o anvil_n the_o second_o motion_n of_o the_o hammer_n be_v outward_a for_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o tympane_n outward_a outward_a together_o with_o the_o hammer_n when_o the_o violence_n or_o constraint_n which_o before_o bear_v they_o inward_a be_v remit_v do_v return_v unto_o their_o natural_a station_n partly_o by_o a_o natural_a motion_n whereby_o they_o recover_v their_o former_a position_n when_o the_o violence_n be_v intermit_v partly_o by_o the_o muscle_n which_o be_v a_o instrument_n of_o arbitrarie_a motion_n for_o that_o muscle_n be_v contract_v towards_o his_o original_n and_o so_o the_o head_n of_o the_o hammer_n be_v separate_v from_o his_o juncture_n with_o the_o anvile_n and_o the_o recurue_v process_n of_o the_o hammer_n bear_v the_o membrane_n outward_a but_o beside_o these_o twoe_o bone_n the_o 2._o muscle_n also_o of_o the_o inward_a ear_n do_v assist_v the_o membrane_n one_o of_o they_o against_o the_o inward_a impulsion_n and_o the_o other_o against_o the_o outward_a expulsion_n the_o substance_n of_o these_o bone_n be_v hard_a dense_a and_o smooth_a hard_o for_o that_o help_v the_o bone_n the_o substance_n of_o these_o bone_n hear_n as_o also_o add_v a_o great_a strength_n and_o firmitude_n unto_o the_o membrane_n they_o be_v also_o dense_a and_o smooth_a for_o the_o better_a reception_n and_o transportation_n of_o the_o sound_n yet_o columbus_n and_o coiter_v be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o two_o first_o be_v within_o spungy_a and_o medullous_a the_o three_o be_v so_o small_a that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o hole_n perceive_v therein_o and_o as_o these_o bone_n in_o form_n and_o figure_n do_v differ_v much_o from_o other_o bone_n of_o the_o body_n so_o also_o and_o especial_o they_o have_v two_o notable_a dissimilitude_n or_o disproportion_n from_o bone_n how_o they_o differ_v from_o other_o bone_n the_o rest_n the_o first_o be_v that_o they_o be_v not_o compass_v about_o with_o the_o periostium_fw-la lest_o say_v aquapendens_fw-la and_o placentinus_n they_o shall_v be_v unfit_a for_o the_o reception_n of_o sound_n for_o if_o you_o cover_v a_o hard_a body_n with_o a_o soft_a cloth_n and_o then_o strike_v upon_o it_o it_o will_v not_o yield_v so_o shrill_a a_o sound_n as_o it_o do_v when_o it_o be_v bare_a or_o naked_a again_o herein_o they_o differ_v from_o other_o bone_n as_o all_o anatomist_n do_v concur_v that_o they_o be_v perfect_a and_o accomplish_v at_o the_o very_a birth_n have_v the_o same_o magnitude_n then_o that_o they_o have_v in_o old_a age_n partly_o because_o man_n at_o all_o time_n even_o from_o his_o infancy_n have_v great_a need_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o hear_v as_o well_o to_o learn_v to_o speak_v as_o to_o gather_v knowledge_n partly_o because_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o tympane_n be_v as_o much_o subject_n to_o danger_n by_o outward_a violence_n in_o our_o infancy_n as_o in_o any_o time_n of_o our_o life_n notwithstanding_o they_o be_v not_o so_o hard_a man_n why_o child_n do_v not_o hear_v so_o well_o as_o grow_v man_n in_o infancy_n as_o in_o old_a folk_n for_o child_n be_v full_a of_o moisture_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o child_n do_v not_o hear_v so_o sudden_o as_o grow_v man_n because_o to_o the_o exact_a perfection_n of_o the_o sense_n there_o be_v require_v a_o notable_a dryness_n aquapendens_fw-la add_v a_o three_o difference_n betwixt_o these_o bone_n and_o other_o bone_n of_o the_o body_n for_o say_v he_o these_o bone_n of_o the_o ear_n do_v hang_v suspend_v from_o a_o membrane_n whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o external_a air_n together_o with_o the_o sound_n be_v more_o easy_o communicate_v by_o the_o hammer_n and_o the_o anvil_n to_o the_o air_n implant_v in_o the_o ear_n for_o sound_v be_v more_o lively_o communicate_v to_o hard_a body_n which_o hang_v loose_a as_o you_o may_v perceive_v if_o you_o tie_v a_o piece_n of_o iron_n to_o a_o string_n and_o strike_v upon_o it_o it_o will_v yield_v a_o shrill_a sound_n than_o it_o will_v if_o it_o be_v not_o suspend_v but_o this_o conceit_n of_o aquapendens_fw-la sound_v but_o harsh_a in_o placentinus_n ear_n these_o bone_n be_v also_o hollow_a as_o well_o to_o make_v they_o the_o light_a as_o also_o to_o contain_v marrow_n for_o their_o nourishment_n whereto_o we_o may_v add_v that_o that_o which_o be_v hollow_a make_v hollow_a why_o they_o be_v hollow_a a_o better_a resonance_n and_o albeit_o these_o three_o bone_n be_v of_o all_o other_o the_o least_o in_o quantity_n yet_o by_o that_o which_o have_v be_v say_v we_o may_v conceive_v that_o they_o be_v of_o great_a use_n and_o necessity_n in_o a_o word_n their_o use_n be_v first_o to_o establish_v and_o defend_v the_o membrane_n of_o the_o tympane_n lest_o it_o shall_v use_n their_o use_n be_v tear_v either_o by_o inward_a wind_n gather_v in_o the_o brain_n or_o by_o the_o violent_a motion_n of_o the_o outward_a air_n as_o in_o thunder_n shoot_v off_o ordinance_n or_o such_o like_a secondlie_o they_o yield_v some_o assistance_n unto_o the_o sense_n of_o hear_v for_o by_o their_o help_n the_o sound_n be_v convey_v by_o a_o kind_n of_o consequence_n or_o succession_n to_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n for_o upon_o their_o commotion_n the_o chord_n be_v shake_v the_o implant_v air_n be_v move_v to_o receive_v the_o sound_n now_o the_o chord_n can_v not_o have_v be_v so_o vehement_o move_v by_o the_o membrane_n alone_o as_o by_o the_o membrane_n and_o the_o bone_n and_o so_o these_o bone_n together_o with_o the_o chord_n be_v shake_v by_o the_o appulsion_n of_o outward_a air_n do_v confer_v unto_o the_o distinction_n of_o sound_n as_o the_o tooth_n do_v to_o the_o explanation_n of_o the_o speech_n i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o many_o man_n have_v busy_v themselves_o to_o find_v out_o the_o particular_a use_n of_o each_o of_o these_o
have_v adhaer_v to_o a_o firm_a basis_n or_o foundation_n qvest._n xxvii_o two_o obscure_a and_o intricate_a question_n concern_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v resolve_v we_o will_v now_o proceed_v to_o discuss_v a_o very_a hard_a problem_n concern_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o eye_n the_o enodation_n of_o which_o knot_n for_o aught_o i_o know_v have_v question_n first_o question_n not_o as_o yet_o be_v perform_v of_o any_o man_n and_o it_o be_v this_o wherefore_o the_o eye_n consider_v they_o have_v several_a distinct_a muscle_n by_o themselves_o be_v yet_o motion_n why_o the_o eye_n be_v move_v together_o with_o the_o same_o motion_n not_o move_v with_o diverse_a motion_n but_o be_v guide_v together_o and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o one_o and_o the_o same_o motion_n neither_o can_v it_o be_v that_o the_o right_a eye_n shall_v be_v move_v and_o the_o leave_v stand_v still_o neither_o can_v the_o right_n be_v lift_v up_o and_o the_o leave_v depress_v which_o identity_n of_o motion_n be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n for_o i_o have_v free_a liberty_n at_o the_o same_o moment_n to_o move_v my_o right_a hand_n upward_o and_o my_o leave_v downward_o aristotle_n propound_v this_o question_n in_o his_o problem_n which_o thus_o he_o endeavour_v to_o resolve_v aristotle_n the_o solution_n of_o aristotle_n though_o say_v he_o the_o eye_n be_v double_a yet_o there_o be_v but_o one_o beginning_n of_o their_o motion_n and_o the_o same_o original_n to_o wit_n in_o the_o coition_n or_o meeting_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n he_o therefore_o refer_v the_o cause_n unto_o that_o coition_n avicen_n the_o prince_n of_o the_o arabian_n seem_v to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o mind_n and_o galen_n in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n where_o he_o think_v the_o optic_n do_v therefore_o meet_v in_o one_o that_o one_o object_n shall_v not_o appear_v double_a these_o thing_n have_v some_o show_n of_o probability_n but_o they_o do_v not_o give_v we_o full_a satisfaction_n for_o the_o meeting_n of_o the_o optic_n do_v confer_v nothing_o to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o eye_n the_o optic_a nerve_n do_v only_o see_v and_o carry_v the_o visive_a spirit_n unto_o the_o christialine_n neither_o be_v it_o insert_v into_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n it_o be_v only_o the_o second_o conjugation_n which_o move_v the_o eye_n in_o that_o oppilation_n or_o stop_v reason_n arist_n answer_v disallow_v our_o reason_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n and_o in_o the_o disease_n which_o the_o arabian_n call_v gutta_n serena_fw-la the_o action_n of_o sight_n do_v whole_o perish_v and_o yet_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v not_o a_o whit_n hinder_v the_o meeting_n therefore_o of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n do_v nothing_o further_a the_o motion_n of_o the_o eye_n some_o have_v observe_v that_o in_o many_o man_n who_o all_o their_o life_n long_a never_o complain_v of_o their_o sight_n the_o optic_a nerve_n be_v so_o frame_v that_o they_o be_v continual_o separate_v and_o do_v never_o meet_v together_o it_o be_v therefore_o very_o fond_a and_o absurd_a to_o think_v that_o both_o the_o eye_n be_v move_v with_o the_o same_o motion_n because_o there_o be_v one_o only_a beginning_n of_o motion_n in_o the_o meeting_n of_o the_o optic_n see_v neither_o that_o coition_n nor_o yet_o the_o optic_n themselves_n do_v any_o whit_n further_o the_o motion_n but_o only_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o eye_n we_o do_v acknowledge_v a_o double_a cause_n of_o this_o motion_n the_o final_a and_o instrumental_a the_o final_a cause_n be_v the_o perfection_n of_o the_o sense_n and_o this_o be_v the_o perfection_n of_o the_o sense_n that_o question_n the_o true_a resolution_n of_o the_o question_n the_o object_n appear_v even_o such_o as_o it_o be_v but_o if_o the_o eye_n be_v move_v with_o diverse_a motion_n that_o one_o may_v be_v carry_v downward_o the_o other_o upward_o sure_o every_o object_n though_o in_o it_o own_o nature_n one_o and_o the_o same_o yet_o will_v continual_o appear_v double_a and_o so_o the_o most_o noble_a sense_n will_v be_v deceive_v and_o the_o action_n of_o sight_n will_v be_v imperfect_a if_o this_o seem_v harsh_a to_o be_v believe_v you_o may_v thus_o make_v trial_n of_o it_o if_o you_o either_o lift_v up_o the_o one_o eye_n or_o depress_v it_o with_o your_o finger_n you_o shall_v see_v all_o object_n double_a and_o discern_v the_o one_o to_o be_v high_a and_o the_o other_o low_a because_o the_o one_o eye_n be_v move_v upward_o the_o other_o downward_o but_o if_o you_o shut_v either_o of_o they_o this_o double_a apparition_n of_o the_o object_n will_v vanish_v although_o you_o press_v that_o eye_n with_o your_o finger_n also_o if_o you_o move_v your_o eye_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n or_o to_o the_o left_a the_o object_n will_v not_o appear_v double_a because_o the_o apple_n of_o the_o eye_n remain_v both_o in_o one_o line_n but_o wherefore_o upon_o the_o diverse_a motion_n of_o the_o eye_n the_o object_n be_v double_v be_v a_o thing_n solution_n question_n solution_n worthy_a to_o be_v understand_v galen_n in_o the_o thirteen_o chapter_n of_o his_o 10._o book_n de_fw-la usu_fw-la partium_fw-la write_v that_o the_o diameter_n of_o visible_a cones_n or_o turbinate_v form_n must_v be_v place_v in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o plain_a lest_o that_o which_o be_v but_o one_o shall_v appear_v double_a but_o if_o one_o of_o the_o eye_n be_v move_v downward_o the_o apple_n of_o they_o both_o will_v not_o be_v in_o the_o same_o plain_a and_o the_o same_o superficies_n and_o so_o the_o object_n will_v appear_v double_a for_o then_o because_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o one_o eye_n do_v not_o equal_o reach_v the_o object_n as_o neither_o do_v the_o beam_n of_o the_o other_o that_o which_o the_o sense_n perceive_v twice_o it_o perceive_v as_o if_o it_o be_v double_a or_o two_o several_a thing_n which_o also_o happen_v in_o the_o sense_n of_o touch_v for_o if_o one_o finger_n be_v so_o fold_v with_o the_o other_o that_o it_o be_v lay_v above_o it_o and_o therewith_o a_o man_n touch_v a_o stone_n the_o touch_n will_v judge_v that_o to_o be_v double_a which_o be_v but_o one_o in_o the_o palsy_n or_o the_o convulsion_n of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n it_o happen_v that_o the_o object_n present_v themselves_o in_o a_o double_a form_n because_o the_o eye_n depart_v from_o the_o same_o superficies_n so_o also_o the_o optic_n be_v either_o loosen_a or_o convel_v the_o pupilla_fw-la or_o apple_n do_v not_o retain_v his_o equality_n whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o all_o thing_n appear_v double_a and_o so_o sometime_o a_o drunken_a man_n will_v think_v all_o thing_n that_o he_o see_v double_a in_o like_a manner_n some_o that_o be_v strabone_n that_o be_v squint-eyed_a do_v see_v thing_n double_a because_o one_o of_o the_o pupillaes_n be_v either_o raise_v up_o or_o depress_v but_o if_o the_o eye_n be_v in_o the_o same_o plain_a though_o they_o be_v two_o yet_o the_o visible_a thing_n be_v present_v simple_a before_o they_o because_o the_o same_o species_n and_o the_o same_o magnitude_n at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v receive_v of_o both_o the_o eye_n and_o be_v together_o offer_v to_o the_o common_a sense_n which_o do_v not_o discern_v any_o thing_n but_o that_o which_o be_v present_a we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o first_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o final_a cause_n which_o as_o we_o have_v often_o conclusion_n the_o conclusion_n repeat_v out_o of_o aristotle_n be_v the_o first_o and_o chief_a cause_n in_o the_o work_n of_o nature_n it_o be_v that_o the_o two_o eye_n be_v together_o and_o at_o once_o move_v i_o say_v this_o be_v because_o it_o do_v much_o tend_v to_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o sense_n and_o nature_n do_v continual_o fit_v her_o instrument_n as_o they_o may_v best_o further_o the_o final_a cause_n which_o whither_o you_o call_v the_o use_n of_o the_o necessity_n it_o be_v no_o great_a matter_n and_o therefore_o she_o have_v so_o dispose_v the_o nerve_n of_o the_o second_o conjugation_n which_o do_v carry_v the_o command_n of_o motion_n and_o the_o animal_n spirit_n into_o the_o muscle_n which_o be_v therefore_o term_v porter_n and_o cadgers_n that_o in_o their_o beginning_n they_o be_v continual_a make_v as_o it_o be_v on_o chord_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o right_n can_v be_v move_v but_o the_o other_o will_v follow_v his_o motion_n and_o this_o be_v a_o new_a and_o a_o most_o elegant_a observation_n the_o other_o question_n we_o shall_v discover_v out_o of_o cassius_n to_o wit_n wherefore_o the_o disease_n of_o solution_n the_o second_o question_n why_o the_o disease_n of_o the_o one_o eye_n only_o do_v more_o provoke_v us._n solution_n one_o eye_n do_v more_o vex_v we_o then_o if_o both_o be_v disease_v whether_o it_o be_v
four_o extender_n do_v serve_v the_o thumb_n which_o they_o do_v either_o simple_o extend_v or_o lead_v to_o the_o finger_n or_o from_o the_o finger_n the_o tendon_n of_o which_o four_o muscle_n as_o galen_n observe_v in_o the_o 17._o chapter_n of_o his_o sixth_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la portium_fw-la be_v infix_v in_o the_o joint_n of_o the_o bone_n that_o be_v to_o be_v move_v but_o because_o in_o dissection_n we_o meet_v first_o with_o the_o muscle_n which_o be_v call_v palmaris_n therefore_o in_o the_o first_o place_n we_o will_v entreat_v of_o it_o chap._n xxviii_o of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o palm_n and_o 2._o or_o 3_o other_o yssue_v from_o the_o fleshy_a membrane_n the_o muscle_n of_o the_o palm_n so_o call_v by_o laurentius_n and_o bauhine_n lie_v upon_o all_o the_o interior_a muscle_n of_o the_o hand_n ta._n 22._o fig._n 1._o 2._o ta._n 23._o fig._n 1._o â—_o it_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o cubit_n and_o be_v nervous_a and_o round_a arise_v with_o a_o nervous_a beginning_n from_o the_o sharp_a point_n of_o the_o inner_a protuberation_n of_o the_o arm_n lean_v upon_o and_o grow_v to_o the_o midst_n of_o two_o muscle_n which_o bend_v the_o wrist_n ta._n 22._o fig._n 1._o δ_n θ_o and_o proceed_v out_o of_o the_o same_o protuberation_n with_o it_o present_o original_a his_o original_a after_o his_o original_n it_o become_v fleshy_a yet_o be_v the_o belly_n of_o it_o but_o small_a and_o before_o it_o attain_v unto_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o cubit_n it_o pace_v somewhat_o oblique_o afterward_o it_o be_v again_o attenuate_v progress_n progress_n and_o grow_v small_a or_o slender_a and_o determine_v into_o a_o round_a narrow_a and_o long_a tendon_n ta._n 23._o fig._n 1._o μ_n which_o ride_v over_o the_o inner_a ligament_n of_o the_o wrist_n pass_v under_o the_o skin_n and_o his_o tendon_n in_o the_o ball_n or_o palm_n of_o the_o hand_n be_v dilate_v attenuate_v and_o grow_v to_o the_o skin_n yet_o so_o that_o it_o lie_v not_o under_o that_o part_n of_o the_o skin_n which_o cover_v the_o muscle_n in_o the_o hillock_n of_o the_o thumb_n ta._n 22._o fig._n 3._o under_o p_o and_o those_o which_o lead_v the_o little_a finger_n from_o the_o rest_n tab._n 22._o fig._n 1._o and_o 3._o s_o final_o it_o be_v join_v with_o so_o strong_a and_o fibrous_a tie_n to_o the_o root_n of_o the_o finger_n that_o although_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a fat_a or_o substance_n insertion_n insertion_n like_a unto_o it_o of_o which_o galen_n make_v mention_v come_v between_o yet_o you_o can_v scarce_o separate_v the_o skin_n of_o the_o hand_n from_o the_o sinewy_a thinness_n of_o this_o tendon_n the_o use_n of_o this_o muscle_n be_v firm_o to_o corrugate_v or_o contract_v the_o skin_n of_o the_o palm_n when_o use_v use_v we_o will_v hold_v any_o thing_n fast_o for_o by_o that_o mean_v the_o skin_n become_v immovable_a which_o if_o it_o shall_v move_v we_o can_v not_o hold_v a_o thing_n so_o steady_o or_o so_o safe_o haply_o also_o this_o tendon_n be_v the_o cause_n why_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o palm_n have_v more_o exact_a sense_n then_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n not_o that_o so_o quick_a sense_n be_v give_v to_o the_o hand_n by_o this_o tendon_n but_o because_o of_o the_o four_o nerve_n which_o run_v unto_o the_o four_o finger_n table_n 22._o be_v the_o same_o with_o table_n 18._o folio_n 778._o fallopius_n thrice_o or_o four_o time_n find_v this_o muscle_n arise_v out_o of_o the_o same_o place_n in_o each_o arm_n double_a whereof_o one_o do_v end_n into_o abroad_o tendon_n the_o other_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o observation_n fallopius_n his_o observation_n transuerse_a ligament_n of_o the_o wrist_n on_o the_o contrary_a vesalius_n say_v that_o he_o find_v more_o than_o once_o the_o fleshy_a part_n thereof_o want_v and_o then_o the_o broad_a tendon_n be_v make_v of_o a_o portion_n of_o those_o tendon_n that_o bend_v the_o wrist_n tab._n 22_o fig._n 1_o δ_n θ_o before_o they_o ascend_v unto_o the_o same_o sometime_o also_o say_v bauhine_v the_o broad_a tendon_n be_v produce_v from_o a_o interall_a transuerse_a ligament_n which_o run_v over_o the_o tendon_n of_o the_o wrist_n which_o also_o columbus_n observe_v in_o the_o dissection_n of_o some_o thief_n beside_o this_o muscle_n of_o the_o palm_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o hand_n at_o the_o low_a fibre_n a_o musculous_a substance_n arise_v from_o the_o fleshy_a pannicle_n the_o form_n of_o it_o the_o fibre_n part_n of_o the_o hillock_n call_v by_o some_o mons_fw-la lunae_fw-la by_o some_o mons_fw-la martis_n by_o other_o veneris_n but_o we_o will_v call_v it_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o moon_n where_o the_o eight_o bone_n of_o the_o wrist_n be_v seat_v there_o be_v find_v a_o certain_a flesh_n it_o proceed_v out_o of_o the_o fleshy_a pannicle_n or_o from_o the_o membrane_n of_o that_o muscle_n which_o frame_v the_o foresay_a mountain_n of_o the_o moon_n this_o flesh_n carry_v the_o form_n sometime_o of_o two_o seldom_o of_o three_o slender_a and_o short_a muscle_n it_o have_v transuerse_a fibre_n and_o run_v to_o the_o middle_n and_o inner_a part_n of_o the_o ball_n of_o the_o hand_n and_o be_v implant_v at_o the_o broad_a tendon_n of_o the_o palm_n muscle_n where_o it_o receive_v a_o complication_n with_o the_o fleshy_a panicle_n which_o in_o that_o place_n be_v fatty_a the_o use_n of_o this_o flesh_n be_v in_o great_a contraction_n of_o the_o palm_n to_o draw_v the_o mountain_n of_o the_o moon_n to_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o hand_n use_n his_o use_n when_o we_o will_v make_v it_o as_o hollow_a as_o we_o can_v or_o else_o to_o bind_v in_o the_o two_o hillock_n at_o the_o thumb_n and_o the_o little_a finger_n for_o the_o same_o use_n of_o this_o muscle_n if_o so_o you_o will_v call_v it_o none_o of_o the_o ancient_n make_v mention_v but_o it_o be_v first_o find_v by_o johannes_n baptista_n conanus_fw-la &_o first_o describe_v in_o print_n by_o valuerda_n who_o yet_o mistake_v the_o use_n for_o he_o say_v it_o be_v make_v for_o extension_n chap._n xxix_o of_o the_o substance_n which_o come_v between_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o palm_n and_o of_o the_o finger_n and_o their_o tendon_n betwixt_o the_o tendon_n and_o skin_n of_o the_o palm_n and_o the_o inner_a side_n of_o the_o finger_n there_o appear_v a_o certain_a fleshy_a substance_n like_a unto_o far_o of_o which_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o a_o little_a to_o discourse_v although_o the_o whitish_a colour_n it_o have_v and_o the_o hardness_n do_v more_o resemble_v fat_a then_o flesh_n yet_o we_o conceive_v that_o it_o may_v more_o fit_o be_v refer_v to_o a_o kind_n of_o flesh_n as_o well_o because_o it_o be_v full_a of_o sinewy_a fibre_n as_o also_o because_o there_o be_v many_o small_a and_o threddy_o vein_n disseminated_a therethrough_a add_v also_o that_o though_o a_o man_n be_v never_o so_o much_o extenuate_v or_o consume_v yet_o there_o always_o remain_v some_o part_n of_o this_o substance_n whereupon_o it_o be_v that_o galen_n call_v it_o flesh_n and_o the_o arabian_n think_v it_o to_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o simple_a flesh_n different_a from_o the_o body_n of_o a_o muscle_n it_o may_v fat._n that_o it_o be_v flesh_n not_o fat._n be_v object_v how_o then_o come_v it_o to_o be_v so_o hard_a i_o answer_v by_o the_o contaction_n of_o the_o bone_n and_o of_o the_o nervous_a part_n which_o lie_v upon_o it_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v like_o the_o fat_a which_o join_v upon_o the_o joint_n of_o the_o bone_n the_o use_n of_o this_o substance_n be_v to_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o pillow_n or_o bed_n whereon_o the_o many_o propagation_n of_o sinew_n may_v lie_v soft_a which_o be_v derive_v from_o great_a nerve_n to_o make_v the_o hand_n of_o exquisite_a sense_n such_o a_o substance_n also_o be_v find_v betwixt_o the_o tendon_n that_o bend_v the_o finger_n and_o their_o skin_n lest_o when_o we_o be_v constrain_v rude_o to_o take_v hold_n of_o any_o hard_a substance_n the_o tendon_n shall_v be_v press_v or_o otherwise_o offend_v for_o which_o cause_n also_o it_o be_v very_o plentiful_a under_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o sole_n of_o the_o foot_n yet_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o there_o be_v less_o store_n of_o it_o about_o the_o joint_n lest_o it_o shall_v hinder_v their_o motion_n especial_o when_o they_o bend_v into_o a_o acute_a angle_n in_o like_a manner_n in_o the_o side_n of_o the_o finger_n there_o be_v some_o of_o this_o flesh_n to_o fill_v up_o the_o space_n be_v in_o what_o part_n of_o the_o finger_n this_o substance_n be_v betwixt_o the_o joint_n which_o otherwise_o will_v have_v be_v hollow_a because_o the_o side_n knuckle_n at_o each_o bone_n do_v stand_v somewhat_o out_o from_o the_o length_n of_o the_o bone_n which_o equality_n be_v not_o
inmate_n the_o nerve_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o production_n of_o the_o marrowy_a and_o slimy_a substance_n of_o the_o brain_n through_o which_o the_o animal_n spirit_n do_v rather_o beam_n then_o be_v transport_v invest_v with_o the_o two_o membrane_n wherein_o the_o brain_n itself_o be_v invest_v common_o call_v the_o pia_n and_o dura_n mater_fw-la and_o this_o substance_n be_v indeed_o more_o fit_a for_o irradiation_n then_o a_o conspicuous_a or_o open_a cavity_n which_o will_v have_v make_v our_o motion_n &_o sensation_n more_o sudden_a commotive_a violent_a and_o disturb_a whereas_o now_o the_o member_n receive_v a_o gentle_a and_o successive_a illumination_n be_v better_o command_v by_o our_o will_n and_o moderate_v by_o our_o reason_n the_o nature_n of_o these_o three_o kind_n of_o spirit_n we_o have_v partly_o handle_v before_o in_o the_o three_o the_o sixth_o and_o the_o seven_o book_n &_o therefore_o we_o will_v no_o long_o detain_v the_o reader_n by_o way_n of_o introduction_n but_o descend_v unto_o their_o particular_a history_n chap._n i._n what_o a_o vein_n be_v have_v wrought_v our_o way_n through_o the_o dark_a and_o shady_a grove_n of_o the_o muscle_n nulli_fw-la penetrabilis_fw-la astro_fw-la into_o the_o secret_a whereof_o i_o think_v no_o wit_n of_o man_n be_v able_a to_o reach_v and_o therefore_o it_o shall_v be_v no_o wonder_n if_o we_o bring_v some_o scratch_n out_o of_o so_o thorny_a a_o copse_n we_o be_v now_o arrive_v in_o these_o meadow_n where_o the_o vessel_n like_v so_o many_o brook_n do_v water_n and_o refresh_v this_o pleasant_a paradise_n or_o model_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n i_o mean_v the_o body_n of_o man_n and_o sure_o by_o these_o stream_n do_v grow_v many_o pleasant_a flower_n of_o learning_n to_o entertain_v and_o delight_v our_o mind_n beside_o the_o main_a profit_n arise_v therefrom_o unto_o the_o perfection_n of_o that_o be_v we_o have_v in_o hand_n under_o the_o name_n of_o vessel_n we_o understand_v three_o kind_n vein_n artery_n and_o sinew_n because_o out_o of_o these_o as_o out_o of_o river_n do_v flow_v into_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n blood_n heat_n vessel_n three_o kind_n of_o vessel_n spirit_n life_n motion_n and_o sense_n wherefore_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr cord_n call_v they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o river_n of_o the_o body_n of_o man_n neither_o let_v any_o man_n tax_v we_o for_o invert_v our_o order_n when_o we_o first_o begin_v with_o the_o history_n of_o the_o vein_n then_o descend_v unto_o the_o artery_n and_o last_o unto_o the_o nerve_n because_o the_o vein_n be_v most_o simple_a as_o have_v but_o one_o proper_a coat_n and_o that_o thin_a the_o artery_n two_o and_o those_o thick_a but_o the_o substance_n of_o nerve_n be_v manifold_a as_o be_v within_o soft_a and_o marrowy_a without_o membranous_a for_o they_o must_v remember_v that_o the_o main_a guide_n of_o our_o labour_n be_v the_o order_n of_o dissection_n now_o the_o original_n of_o the_o vein_n be_v in_o the_o low_a region_n at_o which_o we_o begin_v our_o discourse_n the_o original_n of_o the_o artery_n in_o the_o middle_a region_n and_o that_o of_o the_o nerve_n in_o the_o upper_a a_o vein_n therefore_o be_v by_o the_o late_a greek_a writer_n absolute_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d eudox_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d hesychius_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o it_o be_v the_o canal_n of_o the_o blood_n the_o ancient_a physician_n vein_n the_o name_n of_o vein_n as_o hypocrates_n use_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o a_o common_a name_n to_o vein_n and_o artery_n so_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr carnibus_fw-la there_o be_v two_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d say_v he_o two_o hollow_a vein_n issue_v from_o the_o heart_n the_o one_o be_v call_v a_o vein_n the_o other_o a_o artery_n sometime_o hypocrates_n distinguish_v betwixt_o these_o two_o vein_n by_o add_v the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o signify_v to_o beat_v as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v artery_n be_v beat_v vein_n vein_n those_o that_o do_v not_o beat_v many_o place_n may_v be_v allege_v to_o prove_v this_o distinction_n if_o we_o think_v it_o needful_a avicen_n call_v the_o arteris_fw-la beat_v and_o bold_a vein_n cicero_n venas_fw-la micontes_fw-la which_o do_v sometime_o lift_v up_o themselves_o and_o sometime_o sink_v again_o celsus_n call_v they_o vein_n fit_v for_o the_o spirit_n and_o the_o true_a vein_n he_o call_v quietas_fw-la still_o vein_n hypocrates_n in_o his_o boooke_v de_fw-mi morbo_fw-la sacro_fw-la to_o distinguish_v the_o vein_n from_o the_o artery_n which_o be_v the_o conceptacle_n of_o the_o spirit_n call_v they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d bloody_a because_o they_o convey_v the_o blood_n the_o latter_a grecian_n have_v include_v this_o name_n within_o narrow_a bound_n and_o restrain_v it_o only_o to_o quiet_a or_o still_a vein_n which_o have_v but_o one_o simple_a coat_n in_o who_o footstep_n we_o also_o do_v insist_v call_v the_o artery_n not_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d so_o the_o vessel_n be_v distinct_a their_o name_n also_o be_v distinct_a furthermore_o the_o vessel_n be_v distinguish_v in_o their_o structure_n motion_n and_o use_n in_o the_o differ_v how_o vein_n &_o artery_n differ_v structure_n because_o a_o vein_n have_v a_o thin_a coat_n whereas_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o artery_n be_v very_o thick_a in_o their_o motion_n because_o a_o artery_n be_v move_v perpetual_o and_o conspicuous_o with_o a_o diastloe_n and_o systole_n that_o be_v a_o dilation_n and_o contraction_n whereas_o the_o vein_n be_v altogether_o immooveable_a in_o use_v because_o the_o artery_n transport_v the_o vital_a spirit_n together_o with_o exceed_v thin_a blood_n the_o vein_n carry_v a_o thick_a blood_n and_o a_o more_o cloudy_a spirit_n the_o vein_n have_v a_o inbred_a faculty_n to_o alter_v and_o boil_v the_o blood_n the_o artery_n have_v no_o such_o faculty_n because_o their_o blood_n attain_v his_o utmost_a elaboration_n and_o perfection_n in_o the_o heart_n but_o let_v we_o come_v to_o the_o definition_n of_o a_o vein_n a_o vein_n may_v be_v consider_v two_o manner_n of_o way_n either_o as_o it_o be_v a_o similar_v or_o as_o it_o be_v a_o original_a part_n galen_n in_o his_o 2._o book_n de_fw-fr elementis_fw-la account_v it_o similar_v if_o not_o indeed_o vein_n two_o consideration_n of_o a_o vein_n yet_o at_o least_o according_a to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o sense_n again_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr morborum_fw-la differentiis_fw-la he_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v organical_a for_o he_o call_v vein_n artery_n and_o muscle_n organ_n of_o the_o first_o kind_n and_o most_o simple_a organ_n if_o you_o regard_v a_o vein_n as_o it_o be_v a_o similar_v part_n then_o must_v you_o define_v it_o by_o his_o temper_n for_o the_o temper_n be_v the_o form_n of_o the_o similarity_n that_o i_o may_v so_o speak_v to_o be_v a_o cold_a and_o dry_a part_n generate_v out_o of_o a_o slimy_a and_o follow_a portion_n of_o the_o seed_n i_o say_v it_o be_v cold_a in_o respect_n of_o his_o natural_a temper_n for_o otherwise_o by_o the_o contaction_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o the_o perfusion_n of_o the_o spirit_n it_o be_v very_o hot_a and_o in_o galens_n first_o book_n de_fw-fr temperamentis_fw-la it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v hot_a than_o the_o skin_n if_o you_o consider_v a_o vein_n as_o it_o be_v a_o organical_a part_n then_o shall_v you_o define_v it_o to_o be_v a_o vessel_n long_o round_o excavate_v or_o hollow_v like_o a_o reed_n have_v but_o one_o and_o that_o a_o thin_a coat_n weave_v with_o all_o kind_n of_o fibre_n arise_v from_o the_o liver_n and_o appoint_v or_o set_v a_o part_n by_o a_o nature_n to_o contain_v boil_v and_o distribute_v the_o blood_n in_o this_o definition_n you_o have_v the_o figure_n compositton_n original_a use_n and_o action_n of_o the_o organ_n elegant_o describe_v the_o roundness_n and_o cavity_n of_o the_o vessel_n express_v the_o figure_n of_o the_o organ_n whereby_o a_o vein_n be_v distinguish_v from_o a_o nerve_n for_o nerve_n have_v only_a pore_n but_o no_o sensible_a cavity_n praxagoras_n therefore_o be_v in_o a_o error_n and_o so_o be_v those_o that_o follow_v he_o who_o call_v nerve_n venas_fw-la continuatas_fw-la continue_v vein_n definition_n the_o explication_n of_o the_o definition_n the_o simple_a and_o thin_a coat_n note_v the_o structure_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o discriminate_v or_o put_v a_o difference_n betwixt_o a_o vein_n and_o a_o artery_n for_o a_o artery_n have_v a_o double_a coat_n one_o outward_a and_o another_o inward_a and_o if_o we_o may_v believe_v erophilus_n it_o be_v fivefold_o thick_a than_o a_o vein_n because_o it_o contain_v thin_a and_o more_o spryghtfull_a blood_n which_o if_o it_o be_v not_o conclude_v or_o shut_v up_o
be_v not_o so_o unite_v but_o that_o they_o remain_v a_o good_a while_n two_o distinct_a nerve_n contain_v in_o one_o membrane_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o error_n they_o get_v out_o of_o the_o scull_n at_o the_o second_o hole_n of_o the_o nowle-bone_n by_o which_o the_o great_a branch_n of_o the_o internal_a jugular_a vein_n do_v ascend_v into_o the_o brain_n the_o one_o of_o these_o nerve_n be_v the_o anterior_a and_o the_o less_o the_o other_o be_v the_o posterior_n or_o the_o great_a the_o lesser_a when_o it_o have_v get_v out_o of_o the_o scull_n descend_v direct_o unto_o the_o muscle_n of_o egress_n his_o egress_n the_o tongue_n to_o who_o root_n it_o afford_v a_o branch_n and_o to_o those_o muscle_n which_o occupy_v the_o fauces_fw-la or_o chap_n and_o into_o they_o most_o part_n of_o it_o be_v consume_v the_o great_a nerve_n not_o far_o from_o his_o egress_n send_v a_o branch_n backward_o tab_v 22._o fig._n 2._o f_o which_o be_v distribute_v with_o many_o surcle_n into_o the_o muscle_n that_o occupy_v the_o neck_n especial_o into_o the_o cowle_n muscle_n which_o be_v the_o second_o of_o the_o shoulderblade_n the_o trunk_n itself_o descend_v be_v connect_v or_o tie_v to_o the_o seven_o conjugation_n tab_v 22._o fig._n 2._o â—_o to_o the_o sleepy_a artery_n and_o to_o the_o internal_a jugular_a vein_n by_o the_o interuening_n trunk_n his_o descend_a trunk_n or_o interposition_n of_o a_o membrane_n and_o at_o the_o side_n of_o the_o larinx_n or_o throttle_v it_o be_v increase_v by_o a_o branch_n from_o the_o seven_o conjugation_n tabl_v 22._o fig._n 2._o i_o with_o which_o branch_n notwithstanding_o it_o be_v not_o mix_v for_o platerus_n in_o this_o mixtion_n miss_v his_o mark_n but_o colligate_v or_o tie_v thereto_o present_o after_o it_o send_v surcle_n overthwart_o ta_fw-la 22._o fig._n 2._o g_o unto_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o larinx_n especial_o those_o on_o the_o inside_n thereof_o it_o afford_v also_o a_o few_o small_a branch_n distinct_a from_o the_o former_a to_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o fauces_fw-la or_o chap_n from_o thence_o it_o descend_v unto_o the_o chest_n and_o run_v quite_o through_o his_o capacity_n as_o also_o through_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o low_a belly_n and_o distribute_v many_o branch_n unto_o the_o bowel_n of_o both_o belly_n as_o we_o have_v partly_o declare_v already_o and_o shall_v do_v hereafter_o towards_o the_o end_n of_o this_o book_n and_o because_o it_o run_v almost_o through_o all_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o body_n it_o be_v therefore_o call_v coniugatio_fw-la vaga_fw-la the_o gad_a or_o wander_a conjugation_n falopius_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o membrane_n wherewith_o this_o sixth_o nerve_n be_v invest_v as_o it_o fall_v through_o the_o perforation_n assume_v unto_o itself_o sometime_o manifest_o sometime_o secret_o a_o body_n falopius_n his_o conceit_n of_o the_o olive-like_a body_n few_o small_a and_o capillary_a fibre_n of_o the_o nerve_n and_o when_o it_o be_v out_o of_o the_o skull_n produce_v a_o certain_a long_a body_n resemble_v a_o olive_n which_o be_v sometime_o single_a sometime_o double_a in_o both_o side_n and_o the_o colour_n fleshy_a although_o the_o substance_n be_v nervous_a and_o hard_a this_o olive-like_a body_n end_v into_o a_o certain_a nervous_a fiber_n which_o fall_v down_o the_o neck_n together_o with_o some_o propagation_n of_o nerve_n couple_v together_o which_o issue_n from_o the_o first_o and_o second_o and_o four_o and_o five_o and_o sixth_o or_o from_o the_o first_o and_o second_o and_o five_o and_o sixth_o and_o seven_o pair_n of_o the_o neck_n do_v make_v a_o texture_n or_o complication_n of_o vessel_n like_o a_o little_a net_n which_o descend_v on_o either_o hand_n down_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o whole_a neck_n and_o in_o that_o complication_n say_v he_o other_o new_a olive-like_a body_n do_v sometime_o grow_v together_o who_o number_n be_v uncertain_a consist_v of_o no_o other_o substance_n but_o as_o it_o be_v a_o heap_n of_o nerve_n grow_v together_o into_o a_o callous_a or_o fast_a body_n like_o a_o scar_n and_o this_o conjunction_n of_o nerve_n he_o call_v sexti_fw-la paris_n plexum_fw-la the_o texture_n or_o complication_n of_o the_o sixth_o conjugation_n from_o which_o texture_n many_o nerve_n say_v he_o do_v descend_v unto_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n here_o from_o also_o very_a often_o do_v a_o nerve_n take_v his_o original_n which_o on_o both_o side_n be_v convey_v unto_o the_o midriff_n although_o it_o receive_v a_o further_a increment_n or_o increase_n from_o the_o four_o and_o five_o coniugation_n of_o the_o neck_n he_o affirm_v further_o that_o from_o this_o complication_n there_o yssu_v a_o nerve_n which_o descend_v through_o the_o chest_n along_o the_o root_n of_o the_o rib_n be_v convey_v to_o the_o root_n of_o the_o mesentery_n thus_o far_o falopius_n now_o that_o from_o this_o sixth_o conjugation_n nerve_n be_v send_v unto_o the_o bowel_n and_o not_o from_o marrow_n why_o the_o bowel_n have_v nerve_n from_o this_o conjugation_n and_o not_o from_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n the_o marrow_n contain_v in_o the_o rackbone_n this_o reason_n may_v be_v give_v because_o have_v not_o voluntary_a motion_n they_o do_v not_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o so_o hard_a nerve_n as_o do_v arise_v out_o of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n proper_o so_o call_v yet_o that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v altogether_o without_o sense_n they_o receive_v nerve_n of_o sense_n that_o be_v soft_a nerve_n issue_v out_o of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n whilst_o it_o be_v yet_o contain_v in_o the_o scull_n and_o the_o rather_o say_v galen_n in_o the_o 11_o chap._n of_o his_o nine_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la because_o the_o substance_n itself_o of_o the_o bowel_n be_v but_o soft_a but_o because_o these_o nerve_n be_v to_o go_v a_o long_a journey_n lest_o they_o shall_v be_v offend_v they_o be_v invest_v with_o strong_a membrane_n and_o beside_o fasten_v to_o the_o body_n by_o which_o they_o pass_v it_o be_v also_o worth_a the_o observation_n that_o the_o nerve_n which_o be_v disseminated_a from_o the_o sixth_o observation_n a_o notable_a observation_n conjugation_n into_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o body_n be_v as_o large_a almost_o at_o their_o termination_n after_o they_o have_v be_v diverse_o divide_v and_o subdivide_v as_o they_o be_v in_o their_o original_n which_o can_v be_v say_v of_o any_o other_o vessel_n it_o have_v be_v also_o public_o deliver_v i_o think_v from_o no_o other_o warrant_v but_o speculative_a learning_n that_o this_o nerve_n descend_v into_o the_o joint_n and_o conceit_n a_o novel_a conceit_n in_o the_o foot_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o great_a consent_n betwixt_o the_o foot_n and_o the_o head_n for_o i_o own_o part_n i_o can_v never_o have_v light_n of_o any_o such_o divarication_n out_o of_o classicke_a anatomist_n beside_o what_o need_v we_o search_v for_o a_o imaginary_a way_n of_o consent_n when_o we_o know_v that_o which_o be_v direct_a and_o agree_v upon_o by_o all_o which_o be_v the_o branch_n of_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o spinal_a marrow_n wonderful_o unite_n themselves_o in_o the_o tendon_n of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o foot_n by_o which_o any_o annoyance_n may_v at_o the_o first_o hand_n be_v convey_v unto_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o back_n and_o so_o unto_o the_o brain_n moreover_o galens_n reason_n of_o the_o allowance_n of_o these_o nerve_n of_o the_o sixth_o conjugation_n to_o the_o bowel_n in_o the_o place_n last_o before_o quote_v be_v but_o of_o small_a moment_n if_o the_o foot_n also_o have_v nerve_n derive_v therefrom_o but_o this_o only_a by_o the_o way_n the_o seven_o conjugation_n which_o archangelus_n account_v for_o the_o eight_o because_o he_o make_v the_o organ_n of_o smell_v a_o conjugation_n of_o nerve_n the_o seven_o conjugation_n i_o say_v conjugation_n the_o seven_o conjugation_n tab._n 22._o fig._n 1_o h_o fig._n 2_o h_n move_v the_o tongue_n and_o be_v the_o hard_a of_o all_o those_o that_o issue_n out_o of_o the_o brain_n within_o the_o scull_n and_o indeed_o it_o take_v his_o original_n from_o a_o hard_a beginning_n that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o the_o bindpart_n of_o the_o nowle-bone_n where_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n end_v say_v galen_n in_o the_o twelve_o of_o his_o nine_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la from_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o original_n his_o original_n spinall_a marrow_n say_v vesalius_n but_o before_o it_o issue_n out_o of_o the_o scull_n from_o the_o brain_n not_o from_o the_o after-braine_n say_v columbus_n archangelus_n say_v from_o the_o backpart_n of_o the_o marrow_n where_o the_o cavity_n be_v that_o be_v compare_v to_o a_o writing_n pen._n from_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n say_v bauhine_v when_o it_o be_v ready_a to_o fall_v out_o of_o the_o scull_n tab._n 22._o fig._n 1_o &_o 2_o e_z that_o be_v to_o say_v at_o the_o
the_o whole_a body_n stability_n rectitude_n and_o form_n for_o they_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o carcase_n of_o a_o ship_n whereto_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o part_n be_v fasten_v whereupon_o they_o be_v sustain_v and_o the_o whole_a maintenance_n of_o the_o body_n be_v build_v and_o consuinmated_a from_o their_o figure_n and_o magnitude_n we_o esteem_v of_o the_o figure_n and_o magnitude_n of_o necessary_a the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o bone_n necessary_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o part_n without_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o bone_n we_o must_v needs_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o original_n and_o insertion_n of_o muscle_n of_o the_o course_n of_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o distribution_n of_o the_o artery_n and_o of_o the_o partitio_fw-la be_v of_o the_o nerve_n the_o universal_a syntax_n or_o composition_n of_o the_o bone_n from_o the_o head_n to_o the_o foot_n the_o ancient_a grecian_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o it_o be_v a_o dry_a or_o arrid_a carcase_n galen_n define_v the_o bone_n to_o be_v the_o hard_a the_o dry_v &_o most_o terrestrial_a part_n of_o the_o creature_n definition_n galen_n definition_n but_o this_o definition_n do_v not_o please_v the_o palate_n of_o the_o new_a writer_n as_o be_v not_o exquisite_a or_o philosophical_a but_o make_v only_o for_o the_o rude_a and_o more_o ignorant_a sort_n by_o way_n of_o innitiation_n laurentius_n define_v they_o more_o accurat_o thus_o a_o bone_n be_v a_o similar_v part_n the_o dry_v and_o cold_a of_o all_o the_o rest_n make_v of_o the_o earthy_a crassament_n definition_n laurentius_n definition_n and_o fatness_n of_o the_o seed_n by_o the_o formative_a faculty_n assist_v by_o the_o strength_n of_o heat_n for_o the_o stability_n rectitude_n and_o figure_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o this_o definition_n he_o say_v be_v essential_a because_o it_o design_v all_o the_o cause_n of_o bone_n the_o efficient_a the_o material_a the_o formal_a and_o the_o final_a the_o form_n of_o similar_v part_n according_a to_o physician_n be_v the_o temper_n because_o it_o be_v the_o first_o power_n whereby_o and_o wherewith_o thereof_o the_o explication_n thereof_o the_o form_n work_v and_o suffer_v whatsoever_o the_o similar_v part_n woork_v as_o a_o similar_v siccity_n therefore_o and_o frigidity_n dri_v and_o coldness_n do_v express_v the_o form_n of_o a_o bone_n it_o be_v dry_a because_o of_o the_o exhaustion_n of_o moisture_n and_o fatness_n make_v by_o a_o intense_a or_o high_a heat_n cold_a it_o be_v because_o the_o heat_n vanish_v away_o for_o defect_n of_o moisture_n these_o primary_n quality_n form_n the_o form_n be_v accompany_v with_o secondary_a hardness_n heaviness_n and_o whiteness_n a_o bone_n be_v hard_a not_o by_o concretion_n as_o you_o for_o than_o it_o will_v be_v dissolve_v by_o the_o fire_n not_o by_o tention_n as_o the_o head_n of_o a_o drum_n but_o by_o siccity_n as_o wood_n heavy_a it_o be_v because_o it_o be_v earthy_a as_o also_o because_o the_o air_n and_o the_o water_n in_o it_o be_v extreme_o densated_a and_o thicken_a and_o it_o be_v white_a because_o it_o be_v spermaticall_a the_o matter_n of_o the_o bone_n be_v the_o crassament_n of_o the_o seed_n that_o be_v the_o thick_a and_o more_o matter_n the_o matter_n earthy_a part_n aristotle_n call_v it_o seminale_fw-la excrementum_fw-la the_o excrement_n of_o the_o seed_n for_o though_o the_o seed_n seem_v to_o be_v homogeny_n yet_o it_o have_v some_o part_n thick_a than_o other_o there_o be_v in_o it_o also_o something_o fat_a and_o something_o glutinous_a or_o slimy_a of_o the_o glutinous_a part_n because_o it_o may_v best_o be_v extend_v or_o streatched_a be_v make_v the_o nerve_n membrane_n and_o the_o ligament_n of_o the_o fatty_a part_n be_v make_v the_o bone_n and_o this_o hypocrates_n confirm_v where_o he_o say_v where_o there_o be_v more_o fat_a than_o glue_v or_o slime_n there_o the_o bone_n be_v form_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o a_o bone_n be_v the_o formative_a power_n which_o some_o call_v the_o idol_n or_o efficient_a the_o efficient_a the_o idea_n of_o he_o that_o engender_v this_o faculty_n use_v the_o heat_n for_o his_o architect_n and_o the_o spirit_n for_o his_o chief_a workman_n and_o to_o these_o the_o philosopher_n attribute_v ordination_n secretion_n concretion_n densation_n and_o rarification_n the_o heat_n therefore_o drink_v up_o and_o dri_v the_o fatness_n whence_o come_v hardness_n and_o solidity_n so_o say_v hypocrates_n bones_o be_v condensated_a by_o heat_n and_o so_o grow_v hard_a and_o dry_a futhermore_o this_o heat_n although_o it_o be_v moderate_a for_o the_o substance_n of_o our_o native_a heat_n be_v well_o temper_a yet_o because_o it_o make_v a_o long_a stay_n in_o a_o more_o dense_a and_o fast_a matter_n it_o bring_v forth_o the_o same_o effect_n that_o a_o intense_a or_o high_a heat_n do_v yea_o it_o seem_v to_o burn_v whereupon_o hypocrates_n doubt_v not_o to_o say_v that_o the_o generation_n of_o bone_n be_v make_v by_o exustion_n that_o be_v by_o burn_v the_o final_a cause_n of_o bone_n which_o galen_n be_v wont_a to_o call_v their_o use_n be_v well_o express_v in_o the_o end_n the_o end_n last_o particle_n of_o the_o definition_n for_o the_o primary_n and_o most_o common_a use_n of_o bone_n be_v to_o give_v the_o body_n stability_n rectiude_n and_o figure_n stability_n because_o they_o be_v as_o it_o be_v propugnacle_n stability_n stability_n or_o defence_n against_o all_o violence_n beside_o they_o sustain_v the_o body_n as_o the_o base_n or_o finial_n of_o a_o house_n sustain_v the_o roof_n rectitude_n because_o without_o bone_n the_o creature_n can_v stand_v up_o rectitude_n rectitude_n right_o but_o will_v creep_v upon_o the_o ground_n as_o a_o serpent_n or_o a_o worm_n hypocrates_n secundâ—_n epidemiωn_n make_v mention_n of_o a_o child_n bear_v without_o bone_n yet_o be_v the_o principal_a part_n of_o his_o body_n separate_v and_o fashion_v but_o he_o be_v not_o above_o four_o finger_n big_a and_o die_v soon_o after_o he_o be_v bear_v final_o the_o bone_n do_v give_v the_o figure_n to_o the_o body_n because_o from_o they_o depend_v the_o procerity_n or_o stature_n and_o the_o limitation_n of_o the_o growth_n for_o those_o that_o have_v a_o great_a head_n have_v large_a brain_n those_o that_o be_v narrow_a chest_v their_o lung_n also_o and_o bowel_n be_v but_o short_a and_o narrow_a those_o that_o have_v small_a jaw_n have_v also_o small_a muscle_n by_o reason_n of_o this_o final_a cause_n which_o be_v itself_o immovable_a move_v all_o the_o rest_n the_o bone_n be_v of_o that_o substance_n which_o we_o see_v hard_a solid_a and_o insensible_a hard_a and_o solid_a for_o so_o it_o behoove_v a_o pillar_n or_o prop_n to_o be_v insensible_a ad_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v so_o apprehensive_a of_o pain_n for_o because_o they_o sustain_v the_o burden_n of_o the_o body_n and_o be_v continual_o move_v they_o can_v not_o have_v endure_v so_o diverse_a motion_n without_o pain_n if_o they_o have_v be_v sensible_a thereof_o and_o then_o the_o life_n of_o the_o creature_n shall_v have_v be_v always_o sad_a and_o quaerulous_a but_o this_o want_n of_o sense_n come_v not_o from_o their_o earthly_a substance_n for_o then_o the_o tooth_n which_o be_v insensible_a why_o bone_n be_v insensible_a the_o hard_a of_o all_o bone_n shall_v have_v no_o sense_n but_o because_o there_o be_v no_o nerve_n disseminated_a through_o their_o substance_n the_o difference_n of_o bone_n be_v to_o be_v take_v say_v galen_n as_o also_o the_o difference_n of_o singular_a part_n from_o those_o thing_n which_o follow_v the_o essence_n or_o happen_v thereto_o bone_n the_o difference_n of_o bone_n the_o essence_n of_o a_o bone_n that_o be_v his_o cold_a and_o dry_a temper_n do_v the_o tactile_a quality_n follow_v hardness_n softness_n density_n and_o rarity_n the_o accident_n be_v magnitude_n figure_n situation_n motion_n sense_n and_o the_o like_a the_o first_o division_n therefore_o of_o bone_n be_v from_o their_o hardness_n some_o bone_n be_v very_o hardness_n from_o the_o hardness_n hard_a as_o those_o that_o be_v call_v stony_a bone_n and_o the_o tooth_n other_o soft_o in_o respect_n as_o the_o spungy_a bone_n and_o those_o which_o we_o call_v appendix_n or_o appendant_o other_o be_v simple_o hard_a as_o all_o the_o rest_n from_o the_o magnitude_n some_o bone_n be_v great_a some_o little_a and_o some_o moderate_a there_o magnitude_n magnitude_n be_v among_o the_o anatomist_n that_o account_v those_o bone_n to_o be_v great_a which_o be_v of_o a_o large_a bore_n or_o very_o hollow_a and_o medullous_a or_o marrowy_a but_o we_o make_v account_n of_o such_o bone_n for_o great_a as_o be_v great_a in_o quantity_n whether_o their_o marrow_n be_v less_o or_o more_o for_o the_o hanchbone_n and_o the_o shoulderblade_n which_o be_v not_o hollow_a nor_o medullous_a be_v yet_o great_a bone_n but_o because_o
the_o quantity_n belong_v to_o dimension_n and_o dimention_n be_v threefold_a long_a broad_a and_o deep_a therefore_o from_o the_o magnitude_n of_o bone_n may_v be_v take_v a_o threefold_a division_n of_o they_o for_o some_o be_v long_o as_o the_o thigh_n bone_n other_o be_v short_a as_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o finger_n some_o be_v broad_a as_o the_o shoulderblade_n and_o hanchbone_n other_o narrow_a some_o crass_a or_o thick_a other_o fine_a or_o thin_a from_o the_o figure_n some_o bone_n be_v plain_a some_o round_a some_o have_v three_o side_n some_o figure_n figure_n have_v four_o some_o be_v like_o a_o boat_n some_o like_o a_o cube_n or_o dye_n some_o like_o a_o mallet_n or_o a_o anvil_n or_o a_o stirrup_n etc._n etc._n to_o the_o figure_n also_o we_o refer_v as_o the_o best_a physician_n do_v the_o passage_n and_o cavity_n the_o smoothness_n or_o roughness_n some_o therefore_o be_v solid_a other_o not_o solid_a some_o smooth_a and_o some_o rough_a i_o call_v that_o solid_a which_o be_v not_o hollow_a solid_n bone_n therefore_o do_v either_o appear_v altogether_o solid_a have_v no_o cavity_n or_o den_n in_o they_o or_o at_o lest_o none_o sensible_a as_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o ear_n and_o the_o nose_n or_o else_o they_o appear_v solid_a on_o the_o outside_n but_o within_o be_v full_a of_o perforation_n and_o hole_n like_o sponge_n as_o be_v the_o body_n of_o the_o rackbone_n to_o solid_a bone_n we_o oppose_v those_o that_o be_v hollow_a that_o be_v such_o as_o have_v a_o sensible_a or_o conspicuous_a cavity_n which_o galen_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o belly_n in_o these_o be_v that_o substance_n contain_v which_o we_o proper_o call_v marrow_n in_o latin_a medulla_n and_o therefore_o such_o bone_n we_o say_v be_v medullous_a that_o be_v marrowy_a bone_n from_o the_o situation_n there_o may_v a_o twofold_a difference_n of_o bone_n be_v take_v because_o under_o the_o site_n site_n name_n of_o situation_n we_o comprehend_v the_o position_n and_o the_o connexion_n if_o you_o respect_v their_o position_n some_o be_v upper_a other_o be_v low_a some_o on_o the_o fore-side_n other_o on_o the_o hindside_n etc._n etc._n if_o their_o connexion_n with_o other_o part_n some_o be_v fasten_v by_o muscle_n some_o by_o ligament_n and_o some_o by_o gristle_n from_o motion_n some_o bone_n be_v move_v as_o those_o that_o be_v articulate_v motion_n motion_n by_o diarthrosis_fw-la some_o be_v immooveable_a as_o those_o that_o be_v fasten_v by_o synarthrosis_n from_o sense_n some_o bone_n be_v sensible_a as_o the_o tooth_n all_o the_o rest_n without_o sense_n sense_n sense_n final_o we_o will_v add_v that_o difference_n of_o bone_n which_o be_v take_v from_o the_o order_n of_o generation_n for_o some_o bone_n be_v generate_v perfect_a and_o complete_a as_o the_o small_a bone_n of_o the_o ear_n the_o rib_n and_o the_o cannell_n or_o collar_n bone_n the_o bone_n of_o the_o ear_n because_o it_o be_v fit_v they_o shall_v be_v very_o hard_a and_o very_o dry_a the_o better_a to_o resound_v the_o rib_n because_o they_o be_v to_o make_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o chest_n wherein_o the_o heart_n be_v to_o move_v from_o the_o very_a birth_n the_o collar_n bone_n because_o they_o tie_v the_o arm_n to_o the_o body_n and_o strengthen_v the_o breast_n other_o bone_n be_v at_o the_o first_o imperfect_a or_o little_a differ_v from_o gristle_n as_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o head_n and_o many_o in_o the_o body_n beside_o and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o difference_n of_o bone_n now_o we_o proceed_v unto_o their_o part_n chap._n ii_o the_o particular_a part_n of_o bone_n and_o a_o exposition_n of_o many_o appellation_n or_o name_n of_o which_o we_o shall_v have_v frequent_a use_n in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o bone_n in_o bone_n two_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v their_o part_n and_o their_o cavity_n the_o part_n of_o a_o bone_n be_v threefold_a the_o principal_a part_n whereof_o the_o bone_n bone_n three_o part_n of_o a_o bone_n consist_v the_o part_n that_o grow_v to_o the_o bone_n or_o the_o bunch_v part_n of_o the_o bone_n the_o principal_a part_n of_o the_o bone_n have_v no_o proper_a name_n belong_v thereto_o but_o be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o whole_a bone_n the_o part_n that_o grow_v to_o the_o bone_n be_v proper_o call_v epiphysis_n that_o part_n which_o bunch_v or_o bear_v out_o beyond_o the_o plain_a surface_n be_v call_v apophysis_n the_o principal_a part_n be_v the_o primary_n bone_n make_v by_o nature_n as_o a_o man_n shall_v say_v at_o the_o first_o hand_n or_o according_a to_o principal_a the_o principal_a nature_n first_o intention_n this_o be_v the_o basis_n of_o the_o rest_n and_o occupi_v the_o middle_a place_n as_o be_v the_o hard_a part_n for_o it_o be_v in_o the_o generation_n of_o bone_n as_o in_o the_o structure_n of_o the_o universe_n that_o which_o be_v hard_a and_o earthy_a be_v place_v in_o the_o centre_n to_o this_o principal_a part_n often_o time_n grow_v another_o which_o the_o grecian_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o latin_n appendix_n we_o may_v call_v it_o a_o additament_n or_o if_o you_o will_v we_o may_v retain_v the_o latin_a word_n appendix_n because_o it_o be_v grow_v in_o use_n among_o us._n for_o as_o if_o nature_n have_v forget_v appendix_n the_o appendix_n herself_o &_o make_v the_o bone_n too_o short_a she_o eek_v it_o out_o by_o this_o appendix_n as_o workman_n use_v to_o lay_v stone_n or_o timber_n under_o their_o post_n or_o pillar_n to_o lengthen_v they_o when_o they_o be_v too_o short_a this_o appendix_n hypocrates_n often_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o we_o note_v but_o by_o the_o way_n a_o appendix_n therefore_o be_v a_o bone_n by_o itself_o fasten_v to_o the_o whole_a bone_n by_o symphysis_n or_o coalition_n not_o the_o unition_n itself_o of_o one_o bone_n with_o another_o for_o so_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o difference_n betwixt_o symphysis_n and_o epiphysis_n coalition_n and_o the_o appendix_n that_o it_o be_v a_o bone_n by_o itself_o be_v manifest_a because_o it_o have_v a_o proper_a and_o peculiar_a circumscription_n and_o in_o young_a creature_n may_v easy_o be_v separate_v without_o coction_n or_o putrefaction_n yea_o it_o have_v often_o be_v observe_v that_o in_o young_a child_n it_o have_v be_v lux_v if_o i_o may_v so_o say_v by_o a_o blow_n or_o by_o a_o fall_n and_o separate_v from_o his_o bone_n this_o appendix_n be_v fasten_v to_o the_o principal_a bone_n bâ—_n that_o kind_n of_o symphysis_n or_o coalition_n which_o be_v make_v without_o a_o mean_a because_o the_o extremity_n or_o end_n of_o the_o primary_n bone_n be_v soft_a than_o their_o middle_a part_n now_o the_o substance_n of_o a_o appendix_n be_v rare_a and_o lax_n but_o say_v aristotle_n soft_a thing_n be_v easy_o contain_v in_o the_o termination_n of_o another_o and_o yield_v unto_o they_o this_o coalition_n be_v not_o make_v by_o a_o plain_a superficies_n or_o coalition_n their_o coalition_n surface_n but_o by_o a_o mutual_a ingress_n of_o a_o head_n and_o a_o sinus_n or_o bosom_n which_o kind_n of_o conjunction_n do_v much_o resemble_v that_o which_o afterward_o we_o shall_v call_v ginglymos_n the_o substance_n of_o a_o appendix_n be_v rare_a and_o lax_n at_o first_o grist_o but_o in_o process_n of_o time_n it_o grow_v hard_a and_o dry_a because_o in_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o joint_n and_o their_o attrition_n the_o heat_n substance_n their_o substance_n be_v stir_v uppe_o which_o dry_v and_o harden_v it_o to_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o appendix_n nature_n have_v add_v a_o gristle_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v so_o subject_a to_o outward_a injury_n or_o if_o they_o happen_v to_o be_v break_v yet_o the_o softness_n of_o the_o gristle_n may_v help_v they_o to_o reunite_v again_o in_o old_a body_n they_o be_v so_o unite_v with_o the_o principal_a part_n of_o the_o bone_n that_o they_o can_v very_o hardly_o be_v separate_v yea_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v very_a part_n of_o their_o bone_n all_o bone_n have_v not_o this_o appendix_n for_o in_o the_o low_a jaw_n there_o be_v none_o in_o some_o bone_n there_o be_v but_o one_o as_o in_o the_o root_n of_o the_o rib_n and_o in_o child_n tooth_n in_o other_o it_o be_v double_a one_o at_o either_o end_n as_o in_o the_o leg_n the_o brace_n the_o arm_n the_o ell_n and_o the_o wand_n in_o other_o it_o be_v treble_a as_o in_o the_o haunch_n bone_n some_o have_v four_o as_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o thigh_n three_o in_o the_o upper_a part_n and_o one_o in_o the_o low_a the_o vertebra_n or_o rack_n bone_n have_v five_o two_o in_o the_o transuerse_a process_n two_o in_o the_o body_n and_o one_o in_o the_o spine_n there_o be_v many_o appendix_n which_o be_v ordinary_o by_o the_o people_n take_v for_o process_n as_o the_o tooth_n
scythian_n cure_n of_o the_o scyatica_fw-la which_o the_o scythian_n do_v use_v to_o open_v to_o help_v the_o scyatica_fw-la or_o hip-gowr_a the_o jugular_a vein_n he_o describe_v in_o the_o four_o book_n de_fw-fr morbis_fw-la in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la ossium_fw-la he_o command_v to_o open_v the_o vein_n of_o the_o ham_n and_o ankle_n in_o pain_n of_o the_o loin_n and_o testicle_n in_o the_o first_o section_n of_o the_o 6._o book_n epidemiωn_n in_o fit_n of_o the_o stone_n or_o inflammation_n of_o the_o kidney_n he_o open_v the_o ham_n vein_n the_o shoulder_n vein_n he_o describe_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr ossium_fw-la natura_fw-la call_v it_o sanguiflua_fw-la or_o the_o blood-flowing_a vein_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr victus_fw-la ratione_fw-la in_o morbis_fw-la acutis_fw-la in_o the_o pleurisy_n he_o open_v the_o basilica_n or_o liver_n vein_n which_o he_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v the_o inner_a or_o internal_a vein_n now_o the_o common_a original_a and_o use_v of_o the_o vein_n he_o declare_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr alimento_n as_o also_o of_o the_o artery_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v the_o radication_n or_o root_n of_o the_o vein_n be_v the_o liver_n of_o the_o artery_n the_o heart_n out_o of_o these_o blood_n spirit_n and_o heat_n be_v distribute_v into_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o nerve_n you_o shall_v read_v many_o thing_n yet_o dispersedly_z but_o for_o their_o common_a original_a which_o all_o man_n be_v ignorant_a of_o he_o point_v it_o out_o manifest_o all_o nerve_n hippo._n discover_v the_o original_a of_o the_o nerve_n man_n almost_o do_v hold_v that_o the_o soft_a nerve_n or_o nerve_n of_o sense_n do_v arise_v from_o the_o brain_n the_o hard_a &_o such_o as_o serve_v for_o motion_n from_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la or_o little_a brain_n but_o now_o it_o be_v resolve_v especial_o since_o varolius_n his_o curious_a search_n by_o a_o new_a manner_n of_o anatomise_v the_o head_n that_o all_o the_o nerve_n even_o the_o optic_n themselves_n do_v arise_v from_o this_o cerebellum_fw-la or_o backward_a commendation_n varolius_fw-la commendation_n brain_n which_o i_o think_v hypocrates_n insinuate_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr ossium_fw-la natura_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d say_v he_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o original_n of_o the_o nerve_n be_v from_o the_o occipitium_fw-la or_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o head_n even_o to_o the_o rack_n bone_n the_o hip_n the_o privity_n the_o thigh_n the_o arm_n the_o leg_n and_o the_o foot_n of_o glandule_n or_o kernel_n he_o write_v a_o entire_a book_n and_o so_o much_o of_o the_o similar_v part_n of_o the_o organical_a part_n also_o he_o write_v much_o and_o that_o excellent_o of_o the_o heart_n a_o golden_a book_n wherein_o he_o so_o excel_v that_o i_o think_v neither_o galen_n nor_o vesalius_n have_v go_v beyond_o heart_n hypocrates_n golden_a book_n of_o the_o heart_n he_o for_o exact_a description_n but_o in_o it_o there_o be_v many_o thing_n obscure_a which_o need_v a_o interpreter_n if_o the_o world_n be_v so_o happy_a the_o history_n of_o the_o infant_n the_o principle_n of_o generation_n the_o conceyve_n form_v norishment_n life_n motion_n and_o birth_n have_v he_o most_o excellentlie_o describe_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la pveri_fw-la de_fw-fr septimestri_fw-la and_o de_fw-fr octimestri_fw-la partu_fw-la we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o hypocrates_n write_v very_o divine_o of_o anatomy_n but_o withal_o so_o obscure_o as_o his_o work_n even_o to_o this_o age_n seem_v to_o be_v seal_v from_o the_o great_a wit_n i_o think_v therefore_o hypocrates_n a_o exhortation_n to_o take_v pain_n in_o hypocrates_n that_o he_o shall_v merit_v most_o of_o physic_n who_o have_v all_o his_o furniture_n about_o he_o shall_v labour_v to_o make_v manifest_a to_o the_o world_n those_o divine_a oracle_n which_o hitherto_o we_o have_v rather_o admire_v then_o understand_v what_o galen_n have_v write_v 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own_o particular_a experience_n for_o other_o part_n of_o physic_n i_o will_v say_v nothing_o but_o for_o anatomy_n i_o will_v confident_o avouch_v that_o galen_n have_v so_o beautify_v and_o accomplish_v it_o that_o he_o have_v not_o only_o disperse_v the_o black_a cloud_n of_o ignorance_n which_o hang_v over_o the_o former_a age_n but_o also_o give_v great_a light_n &_o splendour_n to_o the_o ensue_a posterity_n for_o whereas_o there_o be_v three_o mean_n which_o lead_v we_o as_o it_o be_v by_o the_o hand_n to_o the_o perfect_a and_o exact_a knowledge_n of_o anatomy_n namely_o dissection_n of_o the_o anatomist_n three_o thing_n acomplish_v a_o anatomist_n part_n their_o action_n and_o their_o use_n he_o have_v so_o accurate_o describe_v they_o all_o as_o he_o have_v get_v the_o prize_n from_o all_o man_n not_o only_o before_o he_o but_o even_o after_o he_o also_o the_o manner_n of_o dissection_n he_o have_v manifest_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr anatomicis_fw-la administrationibus_fw-la de_fw-la dissectione_fw-la musculorum_fw-la &_o neruorum_fw-la the_o action_n of_o the_o several_a part_n he_o have_v elegant_o describe_v to_o the_o life_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr naturalibus_fw-la facultatibus_fw-la &_o de_fw-la placitis_fw-la hippocratis_fw-la &_o platonis_fw-la but_o above_o all_o be_v those_o seventeen_o golden_a book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n which_o be_v true_o call_v divine_a labour_n and_o hymn_n sing_v in_o praise_n of_o the_o creator_n so_o that_o the_o benefit_n we_o all_o and_o those_o before_o we_o have_v receyve_v by_o galen_n be_v indeed_o very_o great_a and_o yet_o the_o more_o the_o pity_n almost_o all_o the_o new_a writer_n do_v continual_o carp_v and_o bark_v at_o he_o yea_o tear_n and_o rend_v he_o whether_o it_o be_v by_o right_n or_o wrong_n wound_v and_o lance_v his_o credit_n upon_o every_o slight_a occasion_n one_o by_o way_n of_o cavil_n another_o ambitious_o seek_v to_o make_v himself_o esteem_v by_o galens_n disgrace_n and_o few_o with_o any_o desire_n that_o truth_n shall_v take_v place_n but_o as_o flood_n beat_v against_o the_o rock_n by_o how_o much_o they_o rush_v with_o great_a violence_n by_o so_o much_o they_o be_v more_o break_v and_o drive_v back_o into_o the_o main_a so_o &_o such_o be_v their_o bootless_a and_o ridiculous_a endeavour_n who_o enterprise_n by_o the_o disgrace_n of_o another_o especial_o of_o their_o master_n and_o teacher_n to_o gain_v reputation_n unto_o themselves_o but_o let_v we_o see_v wherein_o these_o novice_n do_v blame_v galen_n first_o they_o say_v he_o have_v give_v we_o only_o the_o anatomy_n of_o bruit_n beast_n and_o not_o of_o man_n have_v never_o dissect_v a_o man_n body_n galen_n the_o slanderof_o the_o new_a writer_n against_o galen_n again_o they_o urge_v that_o he_o be_v ignorant_a of_o many_o thing_n which_o at_o this_o day_n be_v general_o &_o common_o know_v three_o they_o say_v he_o deliver_v many_o thing_n repugnant_a and_o contrary_a to_o himself_o last_o that_o he_o have_v write_v all_o thing_n confuse_o &_o without_o method_n or_o order_n for_o say_v they_o what_o method_n can_v there_o be_v observe_v in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n which_o you_o call_v divine_a first_o he_o treat_v of_o the_o hand_n then_o of_o the_o leg_n and_o foot_n and_o last_o of_o all_o of_o the_o low_a belly_n and_o the_o natural_a part_n how_o silly_a these_o calumniation_n be_v and_o how_o miserable_o these_o slander_n the_o confutation_n of_o the_o first_o slander_n man_n be_v by_o their_o own_o ignorance_n deceive_v let_v all_o man_n hear_v and_o judge_v for_o to_o begin_v with_o the_o first_o i_o say_v and_o affirm_v that_o galen_n do_v not_o only_o cut_v up_o the_o body_n of_o ape_n but_o many_o time_n also_o the_o carcase_n of_o man_n my_o witness_n shall_v be_v the_o author_n himself_o in_o his_o thirteen_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la i_o be_o determine_v say_v he_o
in_o the_o particular_a history_n of_o the_o creature_n and_o in_o dissection_n age_n of_o man_n may_v stand_v in_o competition_n with_o he_o but_o in_o the_o second_o how_o many_o thing_n he_o know_v not_o how_o absurd_o he_o understand_v diverse_a thing_n he_o know_v galen_n and_o all_o the_o whole_a school_n of_o physician_n have_v prove_v by_o demonstration_n but_o especial_o by_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o eye_n which_o be_v of_o all_o argument_n the_o most_o demonstrative_a he_o write_v book_n of_o the_o generation_n of_o the_o part_n and_o of_o the_o history_n of_o the_o creature_n but_o he_o bequeath_v we_o many_o thing_n out_o of_o the_o testament_n of_o other_o man_n neither_o be_v it_o likely_a that_o he_o do_v ever_o cutup_a the_o body_n of_o a_o man_n for_o if_o he_o have_v he_o will_v not_o have_v so_o foul_o err_v in_o that_o which_o be_v obvious_a to_o the_o sense_n for_o both_o in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o similar_v part_n and_o in_o the_o description_n of_o the_o dissimilar_v he_o have_v set_v down_o many_o thing_n very_o gross_a and_o absurd_a as_o in_o that_o where_o he_o write_v that_o the_o vein_n do_v original_o proceed_v from_o the_o heart_n which_o also_o he_o make_v the_o wellspring_n of_o the_o nerve_n where_o he_o say_v there_o be_v three_o ventricle_n in_o the_o heart_n that_o the_o brain_n be_v make_v only_o to_o refrigerate_v or_o cool_v the_o heart_n and_o such_o like_a many_o more_o which_o we_o shall_v meet_v withal_o in_o our_o treating_n of_o the_o bone_n the_o vein_n the_o artery_n the_o nerve_n the_o heart_n the_o brain_n and_o other_o particular_a part_n and_o therefore_o in_o those_o place_n the_o diligent_a and_o studious_a reader_n may_v look_v for_o and_o find_v they_o what_o the_o other_o greek_a author_n have_v write_v of_o anatomy_n chap._n xiii_o there_o be_v after_o hypocrates_n time_n certain_a famous_a man_n that_o do_v diligent_o practice_v the_o art_n of_o anatomy_n and_o deliver_v many_o thing_n in_o writing_n which_o have_v all_o perish_v i_o know_v not_o by_o what_o mishap_n or_o destiny_n whether_o i_o shall_v call_v it_o alcmaeus_fw-la crotoniata_n as_o calchidius_n report_v do_v use_v to_o anatomize_v diocles._n alcmaeus_fw-la diocles._n man_n body_n diocles_n carystius_n in_o his_o epistle_n to_o king_n antigonus_n divide_v the_o body_n of_o man_n into_o the_o head_n the_o chest_n the_o belly_n and_o the_o bladder_n lycus_n macedo_n be_v account_v cunning_a in_o the_o dissection_n of_o the_o muscle_n and_o his_o book_n as_o say_v galen_n in_o his_o 4._o marinus_n lycus_n galen_n quintus_fw-la marinus_n book_n de_fw-fr anat._n administ_n be_v with_o great_a commendation_n disperse_v all_o abroad_o quintus_fw-la lycus_n his_o schoolmaster_n write_v some_o thing_n of_o anatomy_n marinus_n publish_v 20._o book_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o lycus_n be_v ignorant_a of_o in_o anatomy_n erasistratus_n do_v much_o in_o this_o kind_n also_o herophilus_n as_o tertullian_n say_v cut_v uppe_o above_o seventy_o body_n and_o oftentimes_o herophilus_n erasistratus_n herophilus_n the_o body_n of_o live_a man_n of_o he_o galen_n write_v thus_o herophilus_n aswell_o in_o all_o other_o thing_n that_o appertain_v to_o out_o be_v as_o also_o in_o anatomy_n do_v attain_v to_o a_o most_o exact_v and_o exquisite_a skill_n and_o knowledge_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n make_v his_o experiment_n not_o in_o bruit_n beast_n as_o most_o man_n use_v to_o do_v but_o even_o in_o the_o body_n of_o man_n colistus_n pelops_n galens_n schoolmaster_n diog._n apollon_n asclepiades_fw-la eudemus_n praxagoras_n philotimus_n elianus_n polybius_n colistus_n pelops_n do_v public_o teach_v anatomy_n and_o be_v the_o schoolmaster_n of_o galen_n he_o affirm_v that_o all_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o body_n do_v original_o arise_v from_o the_o brain_n diogenes_n apollonata_n write_v a_o book_n of_o vein_n asclepiades_fw-la eudemus_n praxagoras_n philotimus_n elianus_n polybius_n calistus_n in_o their_o several_a time_n do_v all_o of_o they_o excel_v in_o this_o art_n yet_o none_o of_o their_o writing_n remain_v with_o we_o but_o if_o we_o believe_v aristotle_n and_o galen_n they_o have_v many_o foolish_a and_o ridiculous_a conceit_n there_o have_v be_v also_o greek_n of_o late_a time_n who_o have_v do_v somewhat_o in_o anatomy_n as_o aretaeus_n theophilus_n oribasius_n but_o galen_n have_v win_v the_o garland_n from_o oribasius_n aretaeus_n theophilus_n oribasius_n they_o all_o as_o we_o have_v already_o prove_v who_o have_v be_v the_o chief_a author_n of_o anatomy_n in_o our_o own_o time_n chap._n xiiii_o many_o thing_n also_o have_v the_o arabian_n write_v of_o the_o matter_n of_o anatomy_n of_o who_o auicenna_n be_v worthy_o account_v especial_o for_o the_o speculative_a part_n the_o prince_n and_o chieftain_n but_o among_o all_o the_o latin_n have_v take_v most_o writer_n avicen_n latin_a writer_n pain_n in_o this_o argument_n and_o among_o they_o those_o of_o our_o own_o age_n so_o that_o now_o the_o art_n be_v so_o beautify_v that_o it_o seem_v the_o last_o hand_n be_v put_v unto_o it_o and_o the_o art_n of_o anatomy_n may_v now_o be_v account_v to_o have_v attain_v the_o very_a height_n of_o her_o glory_n among_o the_o ancient_a of_o they_o we_o have_v mundinus_n who_o write_v very_o perspicuous_o by_o way_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o resolution_n follow_v the_o order_n of_o dissection_n carpus_n write_v large_a commentary_n upon_o he_o but_o we_o must_v needs_o tax_v they_o both_o with_o many_o idle_a and_o absurd_a passage_n carpus_n mundinus_n carpus_n beside_o the_o lameness_n and_o imperfection_n of_o their_o work_n thomas_n de_fw-fr zerbis_fw-la set_v forth_o a_o large_a work_n but_o we_o imagine_v that_o he_o take_v much_o from_o other_o man_n and_o have_v little_a of_o his_o own_o neither_o zerbis_fw-la tho._n de_fw-fr zerbis_fw-la have_v he_o as_o we_o suppose_v any_o great_a practice_n himself_o in_o dissection_n after_o these_o come_v vasseus_n carolus_n stephanus_n andernacus_n at_o length_n appear_v andrea_n vesalius_n who_o write_v very_o writer_n vasseus_n caro._n stephanus_n andernacus_n vesalius_n a_o accurate_a writer_n accurate_o and_o some_o think_v he_o balk_v nothing_o that_o may_v appertain_v either_o to_o dissection_n or_o to_o the_o action_n or_o use_v of_o the_o part_n but_o he_o be_v condemn_v of_o many_o and_o haply_o not_o unworthy_o for_o that_o have_v transcribe_v almost_o all_o his_o work_n out_o of_o galen_n yet_o he_o can_v afford_v he_o scarce_o a_o good_a word_n but_o either_o prick_v by_o ambition_n or_o with_o a_o itch_a desire_n to_o contradict_v so_o great_a a_o author_n he_o never_o leave_v goad_v and_o wound_v his_o reputation_n and_o that_o very_a often_o undeserued_o jacobus_n silvius_n herein_o have_v carry_v away_o the_o reputation_n that_o he_o have_v digest_v in_o a_o most_o exquisite_a order_n the_o vast_a and_o wild_a forest_n as_o it_o be_v and_o confusion_n of_o all_o the_o muscle_n and_o vessel_n and_o give_v they_o particular_a and_o proper_a name_n but_o he_o be_v little_a behold_v to_o his_o commendation_n silvius_n his_o commendation_n printer_n who_o have_v let_v slip_v many_o escape_n and_o by_o your_o leave_n add_v as_o we_o think_v something_n to_o he_o very_o superfluous_a these_o two_o vesalius_n and_o silvius_n flourish_v both_o in_o one_o time_n but_o vesalius_n be_v too_o tart_a and_o sharp_a in_o his_o calumniation_n silvius_n too_o obstinate_a a_o desender_o of_o galen_n vesalius_n have_v rash_o and_o unaduised_o write_v many_o thing_n against_o galen_n silvius_n in_o defend_v his_o master_n galen_n be_v enforce_v to_o maintain_v many_o uncouth_a paradox_n gabriel_n fallopius_n the_o most_o subtle_a and_o acute_a anatomist_n of_o this_o age_n have_v deserve_v exceed_v much_o of_o we_o all_o for_o in_o his_o observation_n he_o have_v open_v many_o thing_n altogether_o unknown_a to_o the_o commendation_n fallopius_n his_o commendation_n former_a age_n he_o write_v also_o a_o excellent_a commentary_n upon_o galens_n book_n de_fw-fr ossibus_fw-la columbus_n couch_v the_o whole_a art_n very_o succinct_o in_o xv_o book_n and_o pen_v they_o very_o neat_o valuerda_n the_o spaniard_n have_v do_v also_o exceed_o well_o and_o with_o great_a commendation_n columbus_n columbus_n eustachius_n have_v publish_v some_o small_a work_n of_o anatomy_n concern_v the_o bone_n and_o the_o frame_n and_o composition_n of_o the_o kidney_n bauhinus_n first_o exceed_v all_o man_n and_o since_o in_o a_o late_a bauhinus_n eustachius_n bauhinus_n work_n have_v exceed_v himself_o both_o in_o his_o description_n and_o in_o his_o table_n archangelus_n picholominaeus_n a_o citizen_n of_o rome_n have_v set_v forth_o very_o learned_a reading_n of_o anatomy_n interlace_v guillemaeus_n archangelus_n picholomineus_n var._n arantius_n pâ—gâ—feta_n volcherus_fw-la coeiter_n platerus_n guillemaeus_n with_o many_o disputation_n concern_v thing_n controvert_v varolius_fw-la arantius_n and_o pigafeta_n have_v add_v
whatsoever_o be_v solid_a the_o same_o be_v similar_v and_o the_o action_n of_o a_o similar_v part_n be_v nutrition_n contain_v part_n be_v the_o humour_n conclude_v or_o shut_v up_o in_o their_o proper_a vessel_n and_o conceptacle_n as_o it_o be_v in_o storehouse_n galen_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v humour_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d part_n what_o be_v contain_v part_n that_o be_v such_o as_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o vessel_n and_o disperse_v through_o the_o whole_a body_n some_o have_v rather_o call_v they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d thing_n detain_v the_o better_a to_o signify_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v contain_v within_o we_o as_o also_o which_o do_v preserve_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o part_n and_o therefore_o we_o have_v call_v they_o nourisher_n to_o restrain_v the_o word_n humour_n to_o the_o alimentarie_a and_o not_o to_o include_v the_o excrementitious_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v impulsive_a or_o impetuous_a thing_n fernelius_n refer_v to_o the_o faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n not_o to_o the_o spirit_n but_o in_o my_o opinion_n he_o be_v in_o this_o out_o of_o the_o way_n for_o spirit_n impetuous_a or_o impulsive_a thing_n as_o the_o spirit_n though_o the_o spirit_n be_v contain_v and_o have_v proper_a conceptacle_n to_o wit_n the_o vein_n artery_n and_o nerve_n yet_o they_o be_v true_o call_v impulsive_a substance_n and_o hypocrates_n speak_v of_o the_o body_n &_o bodily_a thing_n &_o therefore_o not_o of_o the_o faculty_n which_o be_v but_o abstract_v notion_n hypocrates_n hypocrates_n now_o by_o the_o word_n spirit_n i_o do_v not_o understand_v a_o wind_n for_o these_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d bastard_n or_o as_o avicen_n term_v they_o fraudulent_a spirit_n who_o violence_n be_v sometime_o so_o great_a &_o furious_a avicen_n avicen_n that_o they_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o many_o tumult_n in_o the_o household_n government_n or_o natural_a constitution_n of_o the_o body_n which_o be_v oftentimes_o miserable_o distress_v with_o their_o furious_a gust_n read_v what_o hippo._n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr flatibus_fw-la have_v write_v of_o the_o power_n of_o wind_n but_o by_o spirit_n we_o understand_v the_o primary_n and_o immediate_a instrument_n of_o the_o soul_n which_o the_o stoic_n call_v hypocrates_n hypocrates_n the_o band_n which_o ty_v the_o soul_n and_o the_o body_n the_o force_n of_o these_o spirit_n be_v such_o &_o so_o great_a the_o subtlety_n and_o thinness_n of_o their_o nature_n that_o they_o can_v pass_v sudden_o through_o all_o part_n &_o do_v insinuate_v themselves_o through_o the_o fast_o and_o thick_a substance_n as_o we_o may_v perceyve_v in_o the_o passion_n of_o the_o mind_n in_o sleep_n and_o in_o long_a watching_n by_o the_o ministry_n of_o these_o spirit_n all_o the_o motion_n of_o live_a creature_n be_v accomplish_v both_o natural_a vital_a and_o animal_n and_o by_o these_o life_n nourishment_n motion_n and_o sense_n do_v flow_v into_o all_o the_o part_n final_o aliud_fw-la the_o continual_a motion_n of_o the_o spirit_n their_o motion_n double_a per_fw-la se_fw-la &_o aliud_fw-la the_o motion_n of_o the_o spirit_n be_v perpetual_a both_o of_o themselves_o and_o by_o another_o by_o themselves_o that_o be_v they_o be_v move_v continual_o from_o a_o inbred_a principle_n both_o way_n upward_o and_o downward_o upward_o because_o they_o be_v light_n downward_o towards_o their_o norishment_n they_o be_v move_v by_o another_o when_o they_o be_v drive_v and_o when_o they_o be_v draw_v the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v drive_v when_o the_o heart_n be_v contract_v the_o animal_n when_o the_o brain_n be_v compress_v the_o spirit_n therefore_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d impetuous_a substance_n they_o be_v fiery_a and_o airy_a and_o therefore_o very_o fine_a subtle_a and_o swift_a so_o the_o seed_n although_o it_o be_v thick_a and_o viscid_a yet_o in_o a_o moment_n it_o pass_v through_o the_o vessel_n of_o generation_n which_o have_v no_o conspicuous_a cavity_n and_o that_o because_o it_o be_v spirituous_a or_o full_a of_o spirit_n there_o be_v also_o other_o difference_n of_o part_n according_a to_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n deveteri_n hip._n difference_n of_o part_n according_a to_o hip._n medicina_fw-la which_o be_v draw_v from_o their_o substance_n figure_n and_o situation_n from_o the_o substance_n some_o be_v dense_a other_o rare_a and_o succulent_a or_o ivicy_a other_o spongy_a &_o soft_a from_o the_o figure_n some_o be_v hollow_a and_o from_o a_o largeness_n gather_v into_o a_o narrowness_n or_o constraint_n other_o be_v stretch_v wide_o other_o solid_a and_o round_a other_o broad_a &_o hang_a other_o extend_v other_o long_o from_o the_o situation_n some_o be_v anterior_a some_o posteriour_a some_o deep_a other_o middle_a upper-most_a lower-most_a on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o on_o the_o left_a a_o division_n of_o part_n into_o principal_a and_o not_o principal_a chap._n xix_o the_o division_n of_o part_n into_o principal_n and_o less_o principal_a be_v very_o famous_a and_o have_v hold_v the_o stage_n now_o a_o long_a time_n we_o define_v that_o to_o be_v a_o principal_a part_n what_o be_v a_o principal_a part_n part_n which_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o individuum_fw-la or_o particular_a creature_n or_o which_o afford_v to_o the_o whole_a body_n a_o faculty_n or_o at_o least_o a_o common_a matter_n in_o both_o sense_n there_o be_v only_o three_o principal_a part_n the_o brain_n the_o heart_n and_o the_o liver_n the_o brain_n sit_v aloft_o in_o the_o high_a part_n three_o principal_a part_n place_n as_o in_o the_o tribunal_n or_o judgement_n seat_n distribute_v to_o every_o one_o of_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o sense_n their_o office_n of_o dignity_n the_o heart_n like_o a_o king_n be_v place_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o chest_n and_o with_o his_o vital_a heat_n do_v cherish_v maintain_v and_o conserve_v the_o life_n and_o safety_n of_o all_o the_o part_n the_o liver_n the_o fountain_n of_o beneficall_a humour_n like_o a_o bountiful_a and_o liberal_a prince_n at_o his_o proper_a charge_n nourish_v the_o whole_a family_n of_o the_o body_n from_o the_o brain_n the_o animal_n faculty_n by_o the_o nerve_n as_o it_o be_v along_o certain_a chord_n glide_v into_o the_o whole_a frame_n of_o nature_n from_o the_o heart_n the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v conney_v through_o the_o artery_n as_o through_o pipe_n and_o watercourse_n into_o every_o part_n from_o the_o liver_n if_o not_o a_o faculty_n yet_o a_o spirit_n if_o not_o a_o spirit_n yet_o at_o least_o a_o common_a matter_n to_o wit_n the_o blood_n be_v diffuse_v by_o the_o vein_n into_o every_o corner_n so_o that_o only_o three_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a for_o the_o conservation_n of_o the_o whole_a individuum_fw-la the_o brain_n the_o heart_n and_o the_o liver_n all_o which_o be_v fit_v and_o tie_v together_o in_o so_o straight_o a_o conspiracy_n that_o each_o need_v the_o help_n of_o the_o other_o and_o if_o one_o of_o they_o fail_v the_o rest_n perish_v together_o with_o it_o not_o that_o i_o think_v these_o heart_n the_o brain_n more_o excellent_a than_o the_o heart_n part_n be_v of_o equal_a dignity_n for_o the_o heart_n be_v more_o noble_a than_o the_o liver_n &_o the_o brain_n more_o excellent_a than_o the_o heart_n aswell_o because_o his_o action_n be_v more_o divine_a be_v the_o seat_n and_o palace_n of_o reason_n which_o be_v the_o soul_n as_o also_o because_o all_o other_o part_n be_v but_o handmaid_n unto_o it_o and_o beside_o hypocrates_n say_v it_o give_v the_o form_n to_o the_o whole_a body_n for_o say_v he_o hypocrates_n hypocrates_n the_o figure_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bone_n depend_v upon_o the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o scull_n galen_n add_v to_o the_o principal_a part_n the_o testicle_n because_o they_o be_v the_o chief_a organ_n of_o procreation_n by_o which_o alone_a the_o species_n or_o kind_n be_v preserve_v but_o we_o think_v that_o they_o why_o galen_n how_o the_o testicle_n may_v be_v call_v principal_a part_n what_o part_n be_v call_v ignoble_a &_o why_o confer_v nothing_o to_o the_o conservation_n of_o the_o individuum_fw-la or_o particular_a creature_n because_o they_o never_o afford_v any_o matter_n to_o the_o whole_a body_n neither_o faculty_n or_o spirit_n but_o only_o a_o quality_n with_o a_o subtle_a and_o thin_a breath_n from_o whence_o the_o flesh_n have_v a_o seedy_a rammishnesse_n a_o harsh_a taste_n and_o strong_a savour_n and_o the_o action_n of_o strength_n and_o validity_n all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o part_n may_v be_v call_v ignoble_a compare_v to_o these_o aswell_o because_o from_o they_o proceed_v no_o faculty_n spirit_n or_o common_a matter_n as_o also_o because_o every_o one_o of_o they_o do_v minister_n to_o some_o one_o or_o other_o of_o the_o principal_a part_n so_o the_o organ_n of_o the_o sense_n serve_v the_o
the_o form_n work_v and_o the_o similar_v part_n as_o it_o be_v similar_v suffer_v whatsoever_o the_o form_n work_v so_o nutrition_n which_o be_v the_o common_a action_n of_o the_o similar_v part_n be_v inchoated_a or_o begin_v by_o the_o temper_n alone_o by_o it_o perfect_v and_o plenary_o and_o perfect_o accomplish_v by_o every_o particle_n of_o the_o part_n the_o difference_n of_o the_o similar_v part_n be_v some_o of_o they_o belong_v to_o the_o philosopher_n part_n the_o difference_n of_o similar_v part_n some_o to_o the_o physician_n the_o philosopher_n raise_v his_o difference_n from_o the_o first_o quality_n and_o those_o which_o follow_v the_o temper_n the_o physician_n from_o the_o sensible_a and_o material_a principle_n of_o generation_n the_o first_o quality_n be_v indeed_o four_o but_o because_o heat_v and_o cold_a be_v certain_a act_n aristotle_n a_o philosophical_a division_n of_o they_o into_o moist_a &_o dry_a aristotle_n and_o a_o act_n be_v according_a to_o itself_o indivisible_a therefore_o the_o philosopher_n raise_v his_o difference_n only_o from_o the_o diversity_n of_o drought_n and_o moisture_n wherefore_o aristotle_n make_v similar_v part_n some_o dry_a some_o moist_a the_o moist_a be_v either_o proper_o so_o call_v that_o be_v such_o as_o of_o their_o own_o nature_n can_v contain_v themselves_o within_o their_o own_o termini_fw-la or_o limit_n and_o therefore_o do_v stand_v in_o need_n of_o conceptacle_n or_o receptacle_n as_o the_o blood_n or_o else_o be_v soft_a which_o do_v better_a contain_v themselves_o within_o their_o bound_n as_o flesh_n the_o dry_a be_v those_o who_o superficies_n or_o surface_n be_v press_v and_o yield_v either_o not_o at_o all_o or_o very_o hardly_o and_o such_o he_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v solid_a part_n of_o which_o he_o make_v two_o kind_n some_o be_v fragile_a or_o brittle_a which_o can_v be_v bend_v without_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o part_n as_o bones_o other_o be_v tough_a or_o stretch_v which_o may_v be_v bend_v and_o extend_v without_o dissolution_n as_o ligament_n and_o membrane_n the_o physician_n do_v gather_v the_o difference_n of_o similar_v part_n from_o the_o sensible_a and_o material_a principle_n of_o generation_n there_o be_v two_o material_a principle_n the_o crassament_n or_o substance_n fleshy_a the_o physician_n division_n of_o they_o into_o spermaticall_a and_o fleshy_a of_o the_o seed_n for_o only_o the_o spirit_n or_o the_o workman_n and_o blood_n and_o therefore_o some_o part_n be_v spermaticall_a and_o some_o fleshy_a the_o first_o be_v immediate_o generate_v out_o of_o the_o crassament_n of_o the_o seed_n the_o latter_a of_o blood_n the_o first_o in_o grow_v and_o old_a man_n do_v hardly_o reunite_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d according_a to_o the_o first_o intention_n as_o we_o use_v to_o speak_v because_o of_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o efficient_a for_o they_o be_v cold_a because_o of_o the_o unapt_a disposition_n of_o the_o matter_n who_o affluence_n be_v no_o confluence_n that_o be_v it_o flow_v not_o together-ward_n and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d at_o once_o &_o because_o it_o must_v pass_v through_o many_o and_o diverse_a alteration_n ad_fw-la hereto_o the_o siccity_n and_o hardness_n of_o the_o part_n for_o dry_a thing_n do_v not_o easy_o admit_v a_o union_n or_o consolidation_n and_o the_o philosopher_n in_o all_o mixtion_n require_v a_o watery_a moisture_n that_o by_o it_o as_o by_o glue_v all_o part_n may_v be_v unite_v on_o the_o contrary_a fleshy_a part_n because_o they_o be_v hot_a soft_a and_o nourish_v with_o blood_n little_a or_o nothing_o at_o all_o alter_v do_v present_o reunite_v and_o close_v together_o sometime_o without_o any_o mean_v immediate_o sometime_o per_n medium_n homogeneum_fw-la that_o be_v by_o a_o thing_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n there_o be_v diverse_a difference_n of_o spermaticall_a and_o fleshy_a part_n for_o the_o seed_n though_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v similar_v uniform_a and_o every_o where_n like_o itself_o yet_o have_v it_o part_n of_o a_o different_a part_n the_o difference_n of_o spermatical_a part_n nature_n some_o thick_a some_o thin_a some_o fat_a some_o slimy_a some_o fit_n for_o stretch_v other_o for_o concretion_n or_o to_o be_v gather_v together_o whilst_o therefore_o the_o procreating_a virtue_n work_v upon_o that_o part_n of_o the_o seed_n which_o can_v extend_v itself_o it_o make_v membrane_n vein_n artery_n and_o nerve_n when_o upon_o that_o which_o be_v fit_a for_o concretion_n it_o form_v bone_n and_o gristle_n when_o the_o fat_a be_v more_o than_o the_o glutinous_a matter_n then_o be_v bone_n &_o gristle_n form_v again_o galen_n observe_v in_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n a_o double_a substance_n that_o which_o be_v true_o hypocrates_n galen_n in_o spermaticall_a part_n there_o be_v a_o double_a substance_n three_o sort_n of_o flesh_n hypocrates_n solid_a and_o that_o which_o be_v fleshy_a the_o first_o may_v be_v moisten_v but_o not_o restore_v the_o other_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o concrete_v or_o congeal_v liquor_n cleave_v to_o the_o solid_a fibres_fw-fr there_o be_v three_o kind_n of_o fleshy_a part_n three_o sort_n of_o flesh_n one_o flesh_n proper_o so_o call_v to_o wit_n that_o of_o the_o muscle_n which_o therefore_o hypocrates_n call_v absolute_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v flesh_n there_o be_v another_o flesh_n of_o the_o bowel_n or_o inward_a part_n which_o we_o call_v enteralle_n and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o it_o be_v a_o affusion_n or_o confluence_n of_o blood_n there_o be_v also_o another_o flesh_n of_o the_o particular_a part_n we_o will_v add_v a_o three_o division_n of_o similar_v part_n into_o common_a and_o proper_a i_o call_v those_o part_n a_o three_o division_n of_o the_o similar_v part_n common_a which_o make_v and_o constitute_v many_o part_n compound_v of_o a_o unlike_a and_o different_a nature_n as_o the_o bone_n gristle_n ligament_n membrane_n flesh_n nerve_n vein_n and_o artery_n of_o which_o the_o first_o five_o be_v true_o similar_v the_o other_o only_o according_a to_o sense_n for_o the_o inner_a substance_n of_o a_o nerve_n be_v medullous_a the_o outward_a membranous_a i_o call_v those_o proper_a which_o do_v make_v the_o substance_n only_o of_o one_o part_n and_o such_o as_o be_v not_o find_v elsewhere_o such_o be_v the_o marrowy_a substance_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o crystalline_a and_o glassy_a humour_n of_o the_o eye_n of_o all_o similar_v part_n there_o be_v a_o double_a necessity_n one_o that_o of_o they_o dissimilar_v part_n may_v be_v compound_v part_n the_o necessity_n &_o use_n of_o similar_v part_n auerrhoe_n what_o be_v a_o dissimilar_v part_n the_o other_o i_o find_v in_o auerrhoe_n that_o they_o may_v be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o sensative_a virtue_n for_o all_o sense_n come_v by_o the_o similar_v part_n to_o the_o similar_v part_n we_o oppose_v the_o dissimilar_v for_o as_o the_o similar_v part_n be_v or_o may_v be_v divide_v into_o particle_n of_o a_o like_a so_o dissimilar_v into_o particle_n of_o a_o unlike_a or_o different_a kind_n as_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o similar_v part_n retain_v the_o name_n of_o the_o whole_a so_o the_o particle_n of_o dissimilar_v part_n have_v no_o name_n at_o all_o wherefore_o we_o define_v dissimilar_v part_n to_o be_v such_o as_o be_v divide_v into_o part_n of_o a_o different_a nature_n and_o diverse_a kind_n these_o the_o physician_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o way_n of_o exellence_n do_v call_v organical_a because_o their_o action_n be_v more_o perfect_a and_o evident_a as_o also_o because_o the_o neatnes_n of_o the_o figure_n the_o magnitude_n number_n and_o situation_n which_o four_a accomplish_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o organ_n do_v more_o plain_o appear_v in_o compound_a part_n then_o in_o simple_a so_o that_o both_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o form_n and_o of_o the_o action_n they_o be_v more_o proper_o call_v the_o organ_n of_o the_o soul_n for_o the_o form_n of_o the_o similar_v part_n be_v the_o temper_n of_o dissimilar_v similar_v the_o dissimilar_v part_n be_v rather_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o soul_n than_o the_o similar_v a_o laudable_a conformation_n now_o conformation_n do_v better_a answer_v the_o function_n of_o the_o soul_n then_o do_v the_o temper_n because_o the_o soul_n be_v define_v to_o be_v a_o act_n of_o a_o organical_a body_n the_o action_n of_o the_o similar_v be_v natural_a to_o wit_n nutrition_n as_o be_v manifest_a even_o in_o plant_n the_o action_n of_o the_o dissimilar_v part_n be_v animal_n and_o therefore_o that_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o action_n of_o nature_n this_o of_o the_o soul_n furthermore_o i_o define_v a_o organ_n with_o the_o ancient_n to_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o creature_n which_o can_v perform_v a_o perfect_a action_n by_o perfect_a i_o understand_v proper_a be_v what_o a_o organ_n be_v for_o the_o
brain_n which_o lose_v itself_o in_o his_o substance_n he_o see_v the_o hollow_a vein_n in_o the_o heart_n very_o large_a and_o ample_a but_o he_o do_v not_o observe_v that_o it_o only_o open_v into_o the_o heart_n gape_v at_o it_o with_o a_o spacious_a orifice_n or_o mouth_n to_o pour_v into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n as_o it_o be_v into_o a_o cistern_n sufficient_a blood_n for_o the_o generation_n of_o vital_a spirit_n to_o supply_v the_o expense_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n but_o go_v not_o out_o of_o the_o heart_n as_o do_v manifest_o appear_v by_o those_o three_o fork_a membrane_n or_o value_v and_o floodgate_n yawn_a outward_a but_o close_o inward_a but_o because_o we_o shall_v have_v fit_a occasion_n hereafter_o to_o dispute_v this_o question_n with_o they_o of_o the_o original_n of_o the_o vein_n and_o the_o sinew_n it_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a that_o we_o have_v say_v thus_o much_o of_o it_o at_o this_o time_n as_o for_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o faculty_n of_o sense_n and_o motion_n be_v it_o not_o against_o all_o reason_n and_o experience_n motion_n that_o the_o hart_n be_v not_o the_o beginning_n of_o animal_n motion_n to_o place_v they_o in_o the_o heart_n the_o heart_n indeed_o be_v move_v and_o that_o perpetual_o but_o that_o motion_n be_v not_o voluntary_a but_o natural_a it_o be_v move_v yet_o not_o at_o our_o pleasure_n but_o according_a to_o it_o own_o instinct_n daily_o practice_n and_o experience_n teach_v we_o that_o when_o the_o ventricle_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v either_o compress_v or_o fill_v and_o stuff_v up_o as_o in_o the_o apoplexy_n epilepsy_n and_o drowsy_a caros_n than_o all_o the_o faculty_n be_v respite_v and_o cease_v from_o their_o function_n but_o when_o the_o heart_n be_v offend_v the_o life_n indeed_o be_v endanger_v but_o neither_o motion_n nor_o sense_n intercept_v again_o if_o the_o heart_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o all_o the_o faculty_n as_o the_o peripatetike_n will_v fain_o have_v it_o then_o upon_o any_o affection_n of_o the_o same_o or_o notable_a depravation_n of_o his_o temperament_n peripatetic_n a_o elegant_a argument_n against_o the_o peripatetic_n all_o the_o function_n shall_v be_v impeach_v because_o all_o action_n come_v from_o the_o temper_n but_o we_o see_v that_o in_o a_o hectic_a ague_n or_o consumption_n wherein_o there_o be_v a_o utter_a alienation_n of_o the_o temper_n as_o be_v a_o equal_a distemper_n of_o all_o distemper_n the_o most_o dangerous_a yet_o the_o voluntary_a and_o principal_a faculty_n do_v remain_v inviolate_a in_o the_o violent_a motion_n and_o throb_a heart_n strange_a motion_n of_o the_o heart_n palpitation_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o some_o say_v have_v be_v see_v so_o extreme_a that_o a_o rib_n have_v be_v break_v therewith_o yet_o neither_o the_o voluntary_a motion_n of_o the_o part_n be_v deprave_a nor_o the_o mind_n at_o all_o alienate_v or_o trouble_v who_o will_v deny_v but_o that_o by_o pestilent_a and_o contagious_a vapour_n and_o breath_n come_v from_o the_o bite_a of_o venomous_a beast_n or_o the_o take_n of_o poison_n the_o vital_a faculty_n be_v oppugn_v and_o as_o it_o be_v besiege_v in_o his_o own_o fortress_n but_o yet_o those_o that_o be_v so_o affect_v do_v enjoy_v both_o sense_n and_o reason_n even_o to_o the_o last_o breath_n most_o time_n when_o the_o brain_n be_v refrigerated_a sleep_v present_o steal_v upon_o we_o now_o aristotle_n himself_o aristotle_n aristotle_n define_v sleep_v to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o rest_n of_o the_o first_o sensator_fw-la if_o any_o of_o the_o principal_a faculty_n either_o motive_n or_o sensative_a be_v affect_v where_o do_v the_o remedy_n apply_v avail_v sure_o at_o the_o head_n not_o at_o the_o heart_n the_o brain_n therefore_o not_o the_o heart_n be_v the_o first_o mover_n and_o first_o sensator_fw-la but_o the_o peripatetik_n object_n that_o the_o brain_n have_v no_o peripatetik_n the_o sensation_n of_o the_o brain_n not_o passive_a but_o operative_a why_o the_o brain_n be_v cold_a that_o be_v less_o hot_a answer_n to_o the_o argument_n of_o the_o peripatetik_n sense_n and_o therefore_o can_v be_v the_o author_n of_o it_o we_o will_v give_v they_o a_o learned_a answer_n out_o of_o galen_n the_o brain_n sensation_n be_v not_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v not_o passive_o but_o operative_o it_o receive_v not_o the_o species_n or_o image_n of_o sensible_a thing_n but_o like_o a_o judge_n it_o take_v knowledge_n of_o their_o impression_n and_o according_o determine_v of_o they_o they_o say_v the_o brain_n be_v unapt_a for_o motion_n because_o it_o be_v cold_a we_o answer_v it_o be_v necessary_a it_o shall_v be_v cold_a that_o be_v less_o hot_a for_o the_o better_a performance_n of_o the_o function_n for_o if_o the_o brain_n have_v exceed_v in_o heat_n than_o will_v his_o motion_n have_v be_v rash_a and_o unruly_a and_o his_o sensation_n giddy_a and_o fond_a as_o in_o a_o frenzy_n in_o a_o syncope_n the_o animal_n faculty_n do_v fail_v it_o be_v true_a but_o why_o because_o there_o be_v a_o exolusion_n and_o so_o a_o defect_n of_o vital_a spirit_n by_o which_o the_o animal_n be_v cherish_v the_o ligation_n or_o interception_n in_o like_a manner_n of_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o neck_n call_v carotides_n induce_v a_o privation_n of_o motion_n and_o sense_n only_o because_o the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v intercept_v which_o minister_n matter_n to_o the_o animal_n but_o one_o principle_n be_v better_a than_o many_o that_o we_o confess_v be_v very_o true_a but_o yet_o we_o know_v there_o be_v many_o reason_n why_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a it_o shall_v be_v so_o in_o this_o little_a world_n we_o demonstration_n why_o in_o the_o little_a world_n there_o can_v be_v one_o only_a principle_n the_o first_o demonstration_n will_v instance_n but_o in_o a_o few_o it_o be_v grant_v by_o all_o man_n that_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o artery_n be_v diverse_a from_o that_o of_o the_o vein_n and_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o sinew_n differ_v from_o they_o both_o and_o as_o their_o substance_n so_o be_v their_o structure_n very_o different_a and_o their_o temper_n not_o one_o and_o the_o same_o how_o then_o can_v it_o be_v that_o organ_n of_o so_o distinct_a kind_n shall_v issue_n all_o from_o one_o and_o the_o same_o part_n again_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o these_o organ_n shall_v in_o their_o original_n be_v very_o second_o the_o second_o large_a and_o ample_a to_o transfuse_v sufficient_a spirit_n and_o a_o common_a matter_n sudden_o and_o togetherward_o into_o the_o whole_a body_n now_o the_o magnitude_n or_o proportion_n of_o any_o one_o part_n much_o less_o of_o the_o heart_n can_v not_o be_v sufficient_a for_o this_o purpose_n either_o to_o afford_v a_o foundation_n for_o so_o large_a vessel_n or_o to_o supply_v a_o competent_a allowance_n of_o matter_n for_o they_o all_o addeheereto_o three_o the_o three_o that_o the_o faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n follow_v the_o temper_n of_o the_o body_n and_o therefore_o so_o diverse_a faculty_n may_v not_o issue_v from_o one_o part_n which_o have_v but_o one_o single_a temperament_n how_o can_v we_o imagine_v reasonable_o that_o three_o distinct_a &_o different_a faculty_n yea_o oftentimes_o quite_o contrary_a reason_n anger_n and_o concupiscence_n shall_v reside_v altogether_o as_o if_o they_o be_v swear_v friend_n in_o one_o organ_n or_o how_o when_o the_o heart_n be_v on_o fire_n with_o anger_n shall_v reason_n make_v resistance_n which_o delight_v in_o a_o middle_n and_o equal_a temper_n do_v not_o the_o vital_a and_o animal_n faculty_n require_v a_o different_a temper_n their_o organ_n therefore_o must_v also_o necessary_o four_o the_o four_o be_v different_a and_o distinct_a for_o the_o heart_n be_v by_o nature_n fit_v to_o contain_v and_o propagate_v the_o vital_a faculty_n but_o for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o animal_n it_o be_v utter_o incompetent_a the_o reason_n be_v at_o hand_n the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v very_o hot_a impetuous_a rage_a and_o in_o continual_a motion_n and_o therefore_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o a_o strong_a organ_n wherein_o it_o shall_v be_v wrought_v and_o contain_v that_o the_o spirit_n may_v not_o because_o of_o his_o tenuity_n be_v exhale_v nor_o the_o vessel_n by_o which_o it_o be_v convey_v break_v in_o perpetual_a pulse_v and_o palpitation_n which_o both_o will_v easy_o have_v happen_v if_o the_o heart_n and_o artery_n have_v be_v thin_a and_o of_o a_o slender_a texture_n the_o animal_n faculty_n require_v another_o temper_n in_o her_o organ_n otherwise_o the_o motion_n will_v have_v be_v furious_a the_o sense_n giddy_a and_o rash_a reason_n will_v continual_o have_v err_v because_o the_o property_n of_o heat_n be_v to_o confound_v and_o make_v a_o medley_n of_o all_o thing_n shuffle_n in_o one_o thing_n hudle_o upon_o another_o through_o his_o continual_a and_o indesinent_a
which_o be_v without_o life_n can_v be_v a_o foundation_n to_o build_v flesh_n upon_o which_o have_v life_n that_o a_o callus_fw-la be_v without_o life_n may_v be_v demonstrate_v because_o it_o be_v produce_v of_o the_o excrement_n of_o the_o bone_n and_o the_o neighbour_n part_n if_o it_o be_v object_v that_o if_o it_o be_v without_o life_n and_o not_o nourish_v it_o can_v not_o endure_v and_o grow_v all_o the_o time_n of_o a_o man_n life_n which_o that_o it_o do_v be_v more_o than_o manifest_a the_o solution_n objection_n solution_n answer_n be_v at_o hand_n it_o increase_v not_o by_o nutrition_n but_o by_o apposition_n of_o the_o matter_n as_o the_o hair_n and_o the_o nail_n again_o it_o endure_v as_o long_o as_o the_o bone_n receive_v any_o nourishment_n from_o which_o there_o always_o redound_v a_o excrement_n whereby_o it_o be_v preserve_v the_o second_o problem_n be_v why_o if_o the_o callus_fw-la come_v from_o the_o excrement_n of_o the_o bone_n be_v it_o not_o generate_v in_o a_o sound_a bone_n which_o also_o yield_v a_o excrement_n because_o when_o the_o bone_n solution_n the_o 2._o problem_n solution_n be_v weaken_v by_o a_o wound_n the_o excrement_n be_v more_o plentiful_o drive_v unto_o it_o from_o the_o neighbour_n part_n even_o as_o all_o the_o part_n that_o border_n upon_o a_o wound_a part_n do_v thrust_v down_o their_o superfluity_n unto_o it_o and_o thus_o i_o think_v i_o have_v touch_v i_o hope_v clear_v all_o difficulty_n which_o concern_v the_o coalition_n of_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n it_o be_v therefore_o now_o high_a time_n to_o turn_v our_o discourse_n some_o other_o way_n but_o before_o we_o leave_v the_o field_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o disparkle_v all_o the_o force_n of_o our_o adversary_n first_o answer_v to_o the_o former_a objection_n to_o the_o first_o that_o we_o may_v be_v say_v to_o have_v gain_v a_o entire_a and_o accomplish_a victory_n the_o first_o argument_n of_o the_o first_o opinion_n be_v true_a only_a in_o child_n for_o in_o old_a man_n every_o man_n will_v confess_v there_o be_v both_o a_o weakness_n of_o the_o efficient_a and_o a_o want_n of_o the_o matter_n the_o second_o be_v a_o captious_a sophism_n make_v to_o entrap_v the_o ignorant_a for_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a that_o whersoever_o second_o to_o the_o second_o there_o be_v sense_n there_o also_o shall_v be_v a_o nerve_n for_o then_o the_o whole_a body_n shall_v be_v a_o nerve_n it_o be_v sufficient_a if_o a_o nerve_n be_v derive_v unto_o the_o part_n by_o who_o illustration_n and_o irradiation_n all_o the_o particle_n of_o that_o part_n have_v sense_n the_o same_o we_o may_v say_v of_o vein_n and_o artery_n for_o mathematical_a or_o local_a contaction_n be_v not_o require_v to_o every_o action_n but_o only_o physical_a and_o natural_a for_o their_o three_o argument_n i_o answer_v that_o there_o be_v not_o the_o like_a reason_n of_o the_o tooth_n and_o of_o other_o bone_n for_o the_o tooth_n after_o they_o be_v draw_v do_v grow_v again_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o three_o to_o the_o three_o end_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o matter_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o end_n because_o they_o be_v ordain_v to_o chew_v mitigate_v and_o prepare_v the_o meat_n for_o the_o stomach_n and_o therefore_o as_o they_o increase_v even_o till_o the_o end_n of_o our_o age_n for_o our_o necessity_n because_o they_o be_v continual_o waste_v by_o attrition_n or_o rub_v one_o against_o another_o so_o for_o the_o same_o necessity_n they_o be_v regenerate_v when_o they_o fail_v beside_o if_o you_o regard_v the_o matter_n of_o their_o generation_n there_o be_v abundance_n of_o it_o contain_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o both_o the_o jaw_n add_v hereto_o that_o the_o tooth_n be_v not_o encompass_v with_o any_o other_o part_n which_o shall_v hinder_v their_o generation_n four_o they_o urge_v that_o accretion_n and_o nutrition_n be_v kind_n of_o generation_n but_o bone_n do_v grow_v and_o be_v nourish_v why_o therefore_o may_v they_o not_o be_v reunite_v we_o answer_v that_o four_o to_o the_o four_o this_o be_v the_o order_n and_o dispensation_n of_o nature_n that_o first_o the_o part_n be_v nourish_v then_o if_o there_o be_v any_o overplus_n that_o the_o part_n increase_v into_o all_o dimension_n and_o after_o this_o expense_n if_o there_o yet_o remain_v any_o surplusage_n of_o aliment_n that_o then_o it_o may_v go_v to_o the_o restore_n of_o the_o want_n or_o defect_n in_o the_o part_n but_o seed_n be_v never_o generate_v in_o that_o quantity_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a for_o nourishment_n accretion_n and_o beside_o for_o a_o new_a generation_n in_o the_o womb_n indeed_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n be_v easy_o generate_v because_o both_o the_o matter_n be_v copious_a and_o there_o be_v moreover_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o double_a workman_n one_o in_o the_o seed_n another_o in_o the_o vessel_n or_o as_o some_o think_v in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o womb_n but_o after_o we_o be_v bear_v they_o be_v hardly_o generate_v because_o one_o of_o the_o workman_n be_v absent_a galen_n answer_v to_o the_o authority_n of_o galen_n which_o former_o be_v in_o the_o seed_n or_o assistant_n unto_o it_o as_o for_o the_o authority_n of_o galen_n they_o do_v not_o conclude_v either_o that_o all_o spermatical_a part_n do_v admit_v coalition_n or_o some_o always_o and_o therefore_o we_o willing_o subscribe_v unto_o they_o without_o any_o prejudice_n unto_o our_o cause_n the_o argument_n of_o the_o other_o opinion_n which_o deni_v the_o formative_a faculty_n to_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n yield_v it_o only_o to_o the_o seed_n be_v easy_o overthrow_v because_o the_o seed_n according_a opinion_n answer_v to_o the_o argument_n of_o the_o second_o opinion_n to_o hypocrates_n aristotle_n galen_n and_o all_o physician_n contain_v in_o it_o the_o idea_n or_o form_n of_o all_o the_o part_n which_o it_o receive_v from_o the_o solid_a or_o spermaticall_a part_n true_a it_o be_v that_o in_o the_o bone_n there_o be_v that_o i_o may_v so_o say_v a_o power_n to_o bonify_v or_o make_v bone_n in_o the_o vein_n to_o veinefy_v so_o there_o be_v a_o apt_a disposition_n of_o the_o matter_n but_o when_o we_o say_v that_o bone_n be_v nourish_v increase_v and_o do_v reunite_v by_o seed_n we_o do_v not_o understand_v prolificall_a seed_n such_o as_o be_v apt_a for_o generation_n that_o be_v only_o in_o and_o about_o the_o testicle_n where_o it_o attain_v his_o form_n and_o perfection_n but_o we_o understand_v something_o like_a unto_o seed_n final_o the_o authority_n of_o hypocrates_n and_o galen_n do_v conclude_v only_o that_o the_o hinder_a part_n can_v reunite_v which_o thing_n we_o have_v already_o demonstrate_v in_o the_o second_o conclusion_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o galen_n to_o the_o authority_n of_o hypocrates_n &_o galen_n the_o second_o question_n qvest._n ix_o whether_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n be_v hot_a than_o the_o fleshy_a it_o be_v either_o superstition_n or_o ostentation_n to_o quote_v all_o the_o place_n of_o hypocrates_n aristotle_n and_o galen_n wherein_o they_o avouch_v that_o unbloudy_a part_n be_v cold_a than_o bloody_a but_o no_o man_n that_o ever_o i_o read_v of_o do_v ever_o deny_v that_o fleshy_a part_n be_v bloody_a and_o spermaticall_a either_o without_o blood_n or_o at_o least_o but_o light_o moisten_v therewith_o upon_o these_o premise_n any_o man_n may_v gather_v the_o conclusion_n or_o if_o they_o will_v not_o infer_v it_o it_o will_v arise_v of_o itself_o yet_o there_o be_v some_o among_o the_o late_a writer_n who_o will_v fain_o persuade_v themselves_o that_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n be_v hot_a than_o the_o sanguine_a or_o bloody_a jobertus_fw-la sometime_o the_o learned_a chancellor_n of_o the_o university_n of_o mompelier_n in_o france_n set_v forth_o a_o paradox_n concern_v this_o matter_n wherein_o the_o dispute_v many_o thing_n with_o great_a wit_n and_o subtlety_n some_o probability_n but_o less_o substance_n of_o truth_n concern_v the_o inbred_a heat_n of_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n i_o have_v always_o much_o esteem_v the_o learning_n and_o edge_n of_o the_o man_n wit_n yet_o because_o he_o be_v the_o chieftain_n part_n joberts_n opinion_n of_o the_o heat_n of_o spermaticall_a part_n of_o they_o who_o have_v impeach_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o receive_a opinion_n concern_v this_o matter_n i_o be_o constrain_v to_o dissent_v from_o he_o and_o will_v not_o think_v it_o presumption_n to_o examine_v his_o argument_n one_o by_o one_o that_o the_o truth_n may_v more_o evident_o appear_v those_o thing_n say_v he_o that_o arise_v of_o other_o do_v savour_n of_o the_o principle_n from_o whence_o they_o argument_n his_o first_o argument_n arise_v but_o the_o seed_n from_o which_o the_o spermatical_a part_n do_v proceed_v be_v hot_a than_o blood_n and_o therefore_o the_o spermatical_a part_n be_v hot_a than_o the_o sanguine_a or_o bloody_a
sense_n by_o the_o nerve_n òr_n sinew_n for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o do_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o many_o vessel_n be_v carry_v unto_o and_o do_v determine_v in_o the_o skin_n from_o the_o axillary_a jugular_a and_o crurall_a vein_n many_o small_a surcle_n and_o as_o many_o artery_n bear_v they_o company_n interlace_v also_o it_o be_v with_o manifold_a nerve_n but_o yet_o i_o be_o not_o resolve_v that_o the_o skin_n be_v weave_v together_o of_o their_o thread_n galen_n think_v the_o skin_n be_v the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o infant_n that_o be_v form_v the_o truth_n of_o which_o assertion_n we_o shall_v discuss_v in_o another_o place_n some_o think_v the_o skin_n be_v make_v opinion_n other_o opinion_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o flesh_n dry_v because_o in_o wound_n the_o flesh_n dry_v degenerate_v into_o a_o cicatrice_n or_o scar_v which_o be_v very_o like_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o skin_n this_o may_v be_v confirm_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o aristotle_n and_o galen_n aristotle_n avouch_v that_o as_o the_o flesh_n grow_v old_a so_o it_o turn_v into_o skin_n galen_n that_o the_o skin_n be_v produce_v out_o of_o the_o flesh_n which_o be_v under_o it_o but_o because_o between_o the_o flesh_n &_o the_o skin_n there_o be_v many_o body_n interpose_v to_o wit_n the_o fat_a and_o the_o fleshy_a membrane_n which_o be_v true_o nervous_a unless_o it_o be_v about_o the_o neck_n &_o the_o face_n i_o can_v see_v how_o the_o skin_n shall_v grow_v out_o of_o the_o flesh_n and_o that_o skin_n or_o scar_n rather_o which_o result_v upon_o wound_n when_o the_o flesh_n be_v soften_v &_o dry_v by_o epulotical_a medicine_n as_o they_o call_v they_o be_v not_o a_o true_a skin_n but_o illegitimate_a engender_v of_o a_o substance_n of_o another_o kind_n for_o it_o be_v hard_a than_o the_o true_a skin_n &_o more_o sight_n &_o therefore_o never_o have_v any_o hair_n grow_v upon_o it_o false_a the_o difference_n between_o a_o scar_n and_o the_o true_a skin_n another_o opinion_n but_o prove_v false_a and_o in_o tan_v it_o will_v fall_v away_o whence_o come_v the_o hole_n in_o sheep_n skin_n when_o they_o be_v make_v into_o parchment_n some_o think_v it_o be_v compound_v of_o flesh_n and_o sinew_n mingle_v together_o because_o in_o many_o place_n of_o galen_n the_o skin_n be_v call_v a_o bloody_a nerve_n but_o this_o be_v prove_v to_o be_v false_a by_o this_o one_o argument_n because_o where_o there_o be_v most_o store_n of_o nerve_n there_o the_o skin_n be_v not_o the_o hard_a for_o they_o as_o in_o the_o palm_n of_o the_o hand_n there_o be_v more_o nerve_n then_o in_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n and_o yet_o the_o skin_n in_o the_o crown_n be_v much_o hard_a than_o that_o of_o the_o palm_n i_o think_v determination_n the_o determination_n and_o for_o this_o time_n determine_v that_o the_o skin_n be_v engender_v together_o with_o the_o other_o part_n to_o wit_n of_o seed_n and_o blood_n mix_v together_o and_o may_v therefore_o be_v call_v a_o fleshy_a nerve_n or_o a_o nervous_a flesh_n because_o it_o have_v a_o middle_a nature_n between_o flesh_n and_o a_o know_v for_o it_o be_v not_o utter_o without_o blood_n as_o a_o nerve_n nor_o so_o abound_v with_o blood_n as_o flesh_n that_o there_o be_v blood_n in_o it_o appear_v blood_n a_o argument_n that_o the_o skin_n be_v make_v of_o seed_n and_o blood_n evident_o if_o it_o be_v never_o so_o little_o wound_v that_o it_o be_v of_o seed_n this_o one_o argument_n may_v serve_v for_o all_o that_o when_o it_o be_v perish_v it_o can_v never_o be_v restore_v for_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o heal_v a_o wound_n where_o any_o part_n of_o the_o skin_n be_v take_v away_o without_o a_o scar_n or_o cicatrice_n more_o or_o less_o whether_o the_o skin_n perform_v any_o common_a and_o official_a action_n qvest._n four_o many_o physician_n have_v the_o same_o opinion_n of_o the_o use_n and_o action_n of_o the_o skin_n which_o they_o have_v of_o the_o use_n and_o action_n of_o bone_n the_o bone_n have_v a_o common_a opinion_n the_o common_a opinion_n or_o official_a use_n so_o say_v hypocrates_n they_o give_v the_o body_n stability_n uprightness_n and_o figure_n but_o that_o they_o perform_v no_o common_a or_o official_a action_n i_o account_v ossium_fw-la hip._n lib._n de_fw-fr natu_fw-la ossium_fw-la that_o a_o common_a action_n which_o be_v serviceable_a either_o to_o more_o part_n or_o to_o the_o whole_a creature_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o skin_n have_v indeed_o a_o common_a use_n because_o it_o cover_v the_o whole_a body_n cherish_v it_o &_o ty_v it_o together_o but_o it_o be_v not_o think_v to_o perform_v any_o official_a or_o common_a action_n galen_n speak_v very_o plain_o the_o skin_n say_v he_o concoct_v not_o as_o the_o stomach_n it_o distribute_v not_o as_o the_o gut_n and_o the_o vein_n it_o breed_v not_o blood_n as_o the_o liver_n it_o frame_v not_o any_o pulsation_n as_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o artcry_n it_o cause_v not_o respiration_n as_o the_o lung_n and_o the_o chest_n it_o move_v not_o with_o voluntary_a motion_n as_o the_o muscle_n notwithstanding_o all_o this_o one_o common_a action_n may_v be_v attribute_v unto_o it_o to_o wit_n a_o animal_n action_n animal_n the_o common_a action_n of_o the_o skin_n be_v animal_n for_o although_o all_o sensation_n be_v passion_n because_o to_o be_v sensative_a be_v to_o suffer_v yet_o there_o be_v no_o sensation_n without_o a_o action_n the_o better_a learned_a philosopher_n in_o all_o sensation_n do_v acknowledge_v a_o double_a motion_n one_o material_a another_o formal_n the_o former_a motion_n be_v in_o make_v how_o sensation_n be_v make_v the_o reception_n of_o the_o species_n for_o we_o must_v crave_v liberty_n to_o use_v our_o school_n term_n the_o latter_a in_o a_o action_n the_o first_o be_v in_o the_o instrument_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o matter_n the_o latter_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o power_n be_v in_o the_o soul_n the_o first_o be_v not_o the_o effectuate_a cause_n of_o sensation_n but_o a_o disposition_n thereto_o the_o latter_a be_v essential_o sensation_n itself_o whereas_o therefore_o the_o skin_n be_v apprehensive_a of_o those_o quality_n which_o strike_v or_o move_v the_o tactive_a sense_n and_o be_v thereupon_o esteem_v the_o judge_n and_o discerner_n of_o outward_a touch_v it_o perform_v unto_o the_o whole_a creature_n not_o only_o a_o common_a use_n but_o also_o a_o common_a or_o official_a action_n beside_o it_o have_v another_o skin_n the_o private_a action_n of_o the_o skin_n private_a action_n to_o wit_n nutrition_n to_o which_o as_o handmaid_n do_v serve_v the_o draw_v retain_v concoct_v and_o expel_v faculty_n &_o more_o than_o these_o have_v no_o part_n in_o the_o body_n of_o man_n which_o serve_v for_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o whole_a we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o the_o skin_n beside_o his_o common_a use_n and_o private_a action_n perform_v to_o the_o body_n a_o common_a and_o official_a action_n to_o wit_n sensation_n qvest._n v._o whether_o it_o be_v heat_n or_o cold_a whereby_o fat_a be_v congeal_v the_o diverse_a yea_o contrary_a gust_n of_o opinion_n among_o ancient_a physician_n about_o the_o generation_n of_o fat_a have_v raise_v such_o a_o tempest_n in_o our_o art_n that_o the_o wave_n be_v not_o to_o this_o day_n settle_v there_o need_v therefore_o some_o aeolus_n mulcere_fw-la hos_fw-la fluct_v we_o to_o appease_v these_o wave_n to_o call_v in_o the_o wind_n or_o to_o abate_v they_o into_o a_o calm_a which_o we_o will_v at_o this_o time_n intend_v to_o do_v in_o want_n of_o better_a help_n as_o well_o as_o we_o may_v and_o because_o we_o will_v not_o be_v accumbr_v with_o the_o variety_n of_o name_n which_o be_v usual_o give_v to_o this_o substance_n you_o shall_v understand_v that_o pingueà o_o adeps_fw-la auxungia_fw-la and_o facultat_fw-la the_o name_n of_o fat_n 2_o the_o partib_n animal_n 4._o &_o 11._o the_o simple_a med_n c._n facultat_fw-la sevum_fw-la be_v promiscuous_o use_v by_o physician_n albeit_o aristotle_n and_o galen_n have_v take_v great_a pain_n to_o distinguish_v they_o every_o one_o from_o another_o to_o which_o place_n we_o refer_v those_o who_o desire_v herein_o satisfaction_n for_o we_o will_v only_o pain_v ourselves_o about_o the_o temper_n and_o generation_n of_o fat_a at_o this_o time_n galen_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o fat_a be_v congeal_v by_o cold_a and_o that_o he_o express_o declare_v together_o cold_a how_o fat_a be_v curdle_v galens_n opinion_n by_o cold_a with_o the_o manner_n of_o it_o in_o this_o manner_n when_o the_o asery_n and_o more_o oily_a part_n of_o the_o blood_n sweat_v through_o the_o thin_a coat_n of_o the_o vein_n in_o manner_n of_o a_o dew_n and_o light_v upon_o the_o cold_a part_n such_o as_o be_v membrane_n it_o be_v then_o by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o cold_a condense_a and_o hence_o it_o
degree_n of_o concoction_n as_o also_o do_v the_o blood_n in_o all_o the_o vein_n and_o therefore_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o gut_n be_v not_o much_o unlike_o that_o of_o the_o stomach_n but_o because_o they_o be_v not_o so_o near_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o liver_n as_o be_v the_o stomach_n therefore_o nature_n have_v assist_v their_o cold_a membranous_a substance_n by_o cover_v they_o with_o the_o warm_a hap_v of_o the_o omentum_fw-la or_o kell_n whereby_o their_o weak_a heat_n be_v cherish_v the_o use_n of_o the_o great_a gut_n be_v to_o contain_v the_o thick_a excrement_n and_o remainder_n of_o the_o meat_n together_o with_o the_o choler_n derive_v unto_o they_o from_o the_o liver_n by_o the_o passage_n of_o gall_n as_o also_o gut_n the_o use_n of_o the_o great_a gut_n the_o wind_n that_o be_v daily_o gather_v which_o be_v store_v in_o the_o chamber_n of_o the_o colon_n and_o the_o breadth_n of_o the_o other_o great_a gut_n and_o keep_v in_o by_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o fundament_n as_o we_o shall_v more_o manifest_o show_v afterward_o chap._n vi_o of_o the_o mesentery_n it_o be_v call_v mesenterium_fw-la and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o greek_a because_o it_o be_v place_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o gut_n which_o as_o we_o say_v before_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o it_o be_v place_v in_o the_o midst_n between_o the_o gut_n towards_o their_o backward_a position_n tab_n 7_o name_n the_o situation_n cause_n of_o the_o name_n fig._n 1._o and_o incircle_v they_o round_o it_o be_v call_v also_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d from_o his_o peculiar_a substance_n his_o figure_n be_v circular_a tab._n 7._o fig._n 1_o 2_o and_o plain_a but_o gather_v into_o fold_n about_o the_o beginning_n it_o be_v narrow_a in_o the_o middle_n ample_a figure_n his_o figure_n and_o large_a and_o in_o the_o side_n especial_o the_o left_a side_n where_o it_o descend_v to_o the_o right_a gut_n it_o become_v more_o long_a for_o which_o cause_v galen_n say_v it_o be_v treble_a or_o threefold_a his_o beginning_n be_v at_o the_o first_o and_o third_o spondell_n or_o rack_n bone_n of_o the_o loin_n from_o the_o original_a original_a peritonaeum_fw-la from_o whence_o be_v produce_v membranous_a fibre_n which_o spend_v themselves_o in_o the_o two_o membrane_n tab._n 7._o fig._n 2_o tie_v of_o the_o mesenterie_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v that_o there_o be_v great_a consent_n between_o the_o loin_n and_o the_o gut_n beside_o there_o pass_v also_o from_o thence_o certain_a nerve_n unto_o the_o mesentery_n for_o it_o be_v compound_v of_o membrane_n nerve_n vein_n artery_n glandule_n and_o fat_n it_o have_v two_o membrane_n tab._n 7._o fig._n 2_o tie_v one_o lie_v upon_o another_o in_o dog_n where_o it_o admit_v no_o vessel_n they_o so_o grow_v together_o as_o if_o it_o be_v but_o of_o one_o simple_a membrane_n membrane_n his_o membrane_n neither_o have_v it_o any_o fat_a to_o make_v separation_n and_o those_o firm_a &_o strong_a as_o well_o for_o the_o strengthen_n of_o the_o vessel_n which_o be_v manifold_a and_o pass_v together_o unto_o the_o gut_n to_o which_o vessel_n it_o serve_v for_o a_o band_n and_o strong_a muniment_n as_o also_o lest_o in_o violent_a motion_n the_o position_n of_o the_o gut_n shall_v be_v alter_v or_o confound_v and_o that_o they_o may_v be_v strongly_a tie_v to_o the_o back_n ¶_o the_o first_o figure_n show_v where_o the_o mesentery_n begin_v or_o arise_v his_o scite_fw-la connexion_n and_o vessel_n in_o it_o also_o the_o gut_n be_v remoove_v from_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o belly_n and_o be_v lay_v upwarde_o and_o downward_o unto_o the_o side_n that_o the_o mesentery_n may_v better_o appear_v the_o second_o figure_n show_v the_o mesentery_n take_v and_o free_v from_o the_o body_n tabula_fw-la vii_o fig_n i._o fig_n ii_o it_o have_v nerve_n also_o sprinkle_v diverse_o as_o it_o be_v into_o many_o tendril_n those_o be_v two_o one_o on_o either_o side_n from_o the_o nerve_n which_o be_v reach_v from_o the_o sixth_o pair_n to_o the_o root_n of_o the_o rib_n nerve_n nerve_n which_o nerve_n be_v spread_v abroad_o after_o the_o fashion_n of_o a_o membrane_n do_v invest_v the_o branch_n of_o the_o artery_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o cold_a nerve_n by_o the_o touch_n and_o society_n of_o the_o artery_n become_v warm_a the_o animal_n virtue_n proceed_v from_o the_o brain_n be_v more_o free_o communicate_v to_o the_o gut_n it_o have_v nerve_n also_o from_o the_o sinew_n proceed_v from_o the_o spondel_n of_o the_o loin_n and_o that_o for_o his_o better_a sense_n that_o feel_v those_o thing_n that_o molest_v it_o the_o expelling_a virtue_n be_v provoke_v it_o may_v turn_v they_o down_o into_o the_o gut_n these_o nerve_n together_o with_o the_o vein_n and_o artery_n be_v receive_v into_o the_o centre_n tab._n 7._o fig_n 1_o 2_o h_n of_o the_o mesentery_n diffuse_v through_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o it_o and_o with_o a_o innumerable_a offspring_n be_v carry_v through_o his_o coat_n or_o membrane_n unto_o the_o gut_n it_o have_v also_o glandule_n mesentery_n the_o glandule_n of_o the_o mesentery_n or_o kernel_n very_o tab._n 7._o fig_n 1_o 2_o kk_n many_o to_o which_o certain_a thredy_a or_o hairy_a vein_n do_v come_v from_o the_o meseraicke_n interlace_v with_o infinite_a divarication_n of_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o port-veine_n &_o the_o great_a artery_n with_o which_o they_o hold_v a_o certain_a proportion_n for_o their_o magnitude_n but_o the_o big_a of_o they_o be_v about_o his_o centre_n where_o the_o first_o distribution_n of_o the_o vessel_n be_v make_v and_o where_o they_o be_v most_o gather_v together_o as_o well_o that_o they_o may_v support_v &_o divide_v the_o vessel_n as_o also_o that_o they_o may_v hinder_v their_o compression_n which_o will_v otherwise_o forslow_v the_o distribution_n of_o the_o chylus_n like_a as_o they_o do_v when_o they_o become_v schirru_v table_n 7_o figure_n 1._o 2_o two_o or_o hard_a whence_o follow_v for_o this_o reason_n a_o general_a consumption_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n beside_o it_o have_v not_o be_v safe_a that_o so_o many_o vessel_n ride_v so_o high_a be_v so_o slender_a and_o run_v so_o long_o a_o course_n from_o their_o original_n shall_v be_v carry_v to_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o port-veine_n without_o a_o kind_n of_o convoy_n wherefore_o these_o glandule_n or_o kernel_n as_o it_o be_v certain_a wedge_n be_v set_v between_o their_o division_n that_o in_o vehement_a motion_n they_o be_v not_o break_v nor_o offend_v one_o against_o another_o final_o they_o serve_v to_o moisten_v the_o gut_n that_o their_o concoction_n may_v be_v celebrate_v by_o elixation_n or_o boil_a that_o be_v by_o heat_n and_o moisture_n among_o these_o glandule_n there_o be_v plenty_n of_o fat_a make_v of_o blood_n sweat_v or_o fall_v out_o melentery_n the_o fat_a of_o the_o melentery_n of_o those_o vessel_n we_o speak_v of_o even_o now_o and_o there_o retain_v by_o the_o solidity_n of_o the_o membrane_n with_o which_o fat_a the_o middle_a space_n be_v fill_v and_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o part_n cherish_v that_o so_o the_o chylus_n which_o be_v carry_v through_o they_o may_v be_v prepare_v for_o sanguification_n and_o although_o this_o mesenterie_n be_v one_o and_o continue_v together_o yet_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o double_a original_n and_o of_o the_o gut_n which_o it_o ty_v together_o and_o of_o the_o two_o artery_n it_o may_v be_v divide_v into_o that_o mesenterie_n which_o knit_v together_o the_o small_a gut_n table_n 7_o figure_n â—_o l_o m_o m_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o belly_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o into_o that_o which_o ty_v the_o colon_n table_n 7_o fig._n 2_o from_z n_z to_z o_o both_o on_o the_o right_a side_n and_o the_o left_a tab_v 7_o figure_n 2_o from_o p_o to_o q_n not_o under_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o stomach_n for_o to_o that_o it_o be_v knit_v by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o cmentum_n table_n 7._o figure_n 2_o from_o o_o to_o p_o &_o in_o his_o low_a part_n tab_v 7_o fig_z 2_o from_o q_o to_o r_n grow_v too_o the_o right_a gut_n &_o be_v call_v mesocolon_n how_o meseraion_n differ_v from_o mesocolon_n by_o hypocrates_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d last_o it_o have_v a_o part_n which_o they_o call_v the_o appendixe_n table_n 7._o fig._n 2_o from_o q_o to_o r_n of_o the_o mesenterie_n be_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o ligament_n whereupon_o galen_n divide_v it_o into_o the_o right_n the_o left_a and_o the_o middle_n the_o use_n of_o the_o mesenterie_n be_v to_o tie_v the_o gut_n together_o as_o it_o be_v by_o a_o common_a ligament_n mesentery_n the_o use_n of_o the_o mesentery_n and_o to_o fasten_v they_o to_o the_o rackebone_n of_o the_o loin_n that_o they_o neither_o shall_v be_v confuse_o shuffle_v together_o or_o fall_v
natural_a instinct_n before_o it_o come_v to_o the_o liver_n as_o galen_n teach_v haply_o that_o the_o 12._o gal._n 4._o usu_fw-la part_n 12._o membrane_n of_o the_o stomach_n may_v with_o it_o be_v nourish_v or_o if_o thou_o have_v rather_o say_v that_o these_o vein_n do_v carry_v the_o chylus_n they_o have_v suck_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o meseraicke_n to_o the_o root_n of_o the_o port_n vein_n that_o be_v disseminated_a through_o the_o liver_n that_o there_o it_o may_v be_v turn_v into_o blood_n from_o these_o vein_n come_v those_o sudden_a refection_n of_o the_o spirit_n by_o sweet_a potion_n a_o good_a note_n of_o the_o sudden_a refection_n which_o come_v from_o wine_n &_o cordial_a potion_n and_o strong_a wine_n broth_n and_o cordial_n which_o refection_n will_v not_o so_o soon_o follow_v unless_o the_o liver_n do_v suck_v nourishment_n by_o they_o out_o of_o the_o stomach_n that_o which_o be_v call_v the_o vas_fw-la breve_fw-la or_o short_a vein_n which_o from_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o spleen_n be_v by_o a_o unite_a passage_n of_o many_o branch_n carry_v into_o his_o bottom_n do_v there_o belch_v out_o a_o sour_a and_o sharp_a blood_n sometime_o to_o the_o upper_a mouth_n to_o stir_v up_o appetite_n which_o yet_o proper_o be_v provoke_v by_o sense_n of_o want_n and_o to_o strengthen_v it_o by_o his_o adstringent_fw-la virtue_n it_o have_v artery_n from_o the_o coeliacall_a branch_n of_o the_o aorta_n table_n 10._o figure_n 1_o 2._o a_o b_o d_o f_o or_o stomach_n the_o artery_n of_o the_o stomach_n great_a artery_n which_o do_v accompany_v every_o one_o of_o the_o vein_n except_v the_o less_o gastricke_n table_n 10._o figure_n 2._o c_o to_o afford_v strength_n of_o life_n to_o preserve_v it_o from_o putrefaction_n by_o ventilation_n to_o cherish_v refresh_v and_o increase_v his_o natural_a heat_n with_o their_o heat_n and_o vital_a spirit_n that_o so_o concoction_n may_v be_v make_v more_o perfect_a but_o of_o these_o branch_n more_o have_v be_v say_v in_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o coeliacall_a artery_n it_o have_v very_o conspicuous_a and_o notable_a nerve_n from_o the_o sixth_o pair_n which_o at_o his_o orificies_n or_o nerve_n the_o nerve_n mouth_n be_v double_a tab_v 10._o figure_n 1_o 2._o t_o v_n disseminated_a from_o those_o branch_n which_o make_v the_o recurrent_a nerve_n and_o yield_v certain_a tendrille_n to_o the_o lung_n and_o the_o pericardium_n or_o purse_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o tendril_n because_o of_o their_o softness_n and_o the_o length_n of_o their_o way_n be_v cover_v over_o with_o strong_a membrane_n and_o do_v run_v cross_v one_o another_o that_o for_o great_a security_n they_o may_v pass_v oblique_o or_o side-long_a and_o pierce_v through_o the_o diaphragma_n or_o midriff_n be_v on_o both_o side_n double_o divide_v so_o that_o the_o left_a compass_v the_o table_n 10._o fig._n 1_o 2._o t_o five_o x_o y_fw-fr right_o and_o back_o part_n of_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n and_o the_o right_a the_o left_a and_o forepart_n which_o orifice_n they_o do_v so_o involve_v that_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v make_v altogether_o of_o sinew_n from_o the_o abundance_n of_o which_o it_o have_v most_o exquisite_a sense_n to_o stir_v up_o and_o awake_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o want_n of_o nourishment_n which_o sense_n arise_v from_o suction_n for_o there_o be_v the_o seat_n hunger_n the_o cause_n of_o hunger_n of_o the_o appetite_n &_o to_o this_o only_a part_n have_v nature_n give_v the_o sense_n of_o want_n or_o of_o animal_n hunger_n for_o even_o we_o feel_v that_o part_n especial_o to_o be_v contract_v when_o we_o be_v extreme_o hungry_a appetite_n the_o seat_n of_o appetite_n for_o if_o we_o shall_v not_o feel_v a_o kind_n of_o molestation_n upon_o the_o utter_a and_o absolute_a exsuction_n of_o our_o nourishment_n till_o there_o be_v a_o supply_n make_v we_o shall_v by_o degree_n be_v extinguish_v &_o affamished_a before_o we_o be_v aware_a for_o our_o substance_n be_v in_o perpetual_a waste_n and_o decay_n the_o inbred_a heat_n continual_o feed_v upon_o the_o radical_a moisture_n but_o now_o it_o be_v otherwise_o because_o the_o natural_a hunger_n that_o be_v settle_v in_o every_o particular_a part_n have_v with_o it_o adjoin_v part_n the_o appetite_n of_o every_o particular_a part_n a_o sense_n of_o discontent_n which_o be_v only_o appease_v by_o assimulation_n of_o fresh_a nourishment_n these_o branch_n of_o nerve_n go_v downward_o make_v his_o membrane_n which_o be_v only_o membranous_a before_o to_o become_v nervous_a be_v disseminated_a even_o to_o his_o bottom_n these_o do_v also_o impart_v the_o nourish_a force_n or_o faculty_n to_o the_o fleshy_a fibres_fw-fr of_o the_o stomach_n from_o the_o left_a nerve_n there_o run_v a_o branch_n along_o the_o uppermost_a seat_n of_o the_o stomach_n to_o the_o pylorus_a which_o when_o it_o have_v fold_v with_o a_o few_o small_a surcle_n it_o go_v thence_o to_o the_o hollow_a of_o the_o liver_n to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o stomach_n do_v other_o two_o nerve_n attain_v from_o the_o sixth_o cast_v why_o the_o brain_n be_v strike_v the_o patient_a cast_v pair_n also_o to_o wit_n from_o the_o propagation_n lead_v by_o the_o root_n of_o the_o rib_n sometime_o to_o the_o left_a side_n there_o be_v offer_v nerve_n arise_v from_o the_o sinew_n which_o run_v unto_o the_o spleen_n wherefore_o see_v the_o stomach_n have_v obtain_v so_o many_o sinew_n it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o when_o the_o brain_n be_v strike_v or_o affect_v the_o stomach_n also_o be_v disturb_v and_o vomit_n cause_v especial_o in_o the_o hemicrania_n or_o meigrame_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n when_o the_o stomach_n be_v affect_v than_o the_o animal_n faculty_n languish_v and_o melancholy_a symptom_n do_v happen_v so_o that_o one_o of_o they_o suffer_v the_o other_o have_v ever_o a_o compassion_n not_o as_o most_o man_n have_v of_o other_o misery_n but_o indeed_o a_o real_a fellow_n feel_v furthermore_o there_o attain_v to_o this_o bottom_n of_o the_o stomach_n sometime_o a_o vessel_n or_o stomach_n vessel_n from_o the_o bladder_n of_o gall_n to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o stomach_n entrance_n of_o many_o vessel_n from_o the_o bladder_n of_o gall_n carry_v choler_n thither_o and_o cause_v perpetual_a cast_v a_o family_n of_o such_o man_n be_v say_v to_o be_v at_o spire_n in_o germany_n all_o of_o which_o family_n every_o three_o day_n vomit_v up_o a_o good_a quantity_n of_o choler_n &_o they_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v caster_n of_o choler_n upward_o the_o use_n of_o the_o stomach_n be_v to_o receive_v meat_n chew_v with_o the_o tooth_n and_o drink_v alter_v stomach_n the_o use_n of_o the_o stomach_n in_o the_o mouth_n through_o the_o gullet_n and_o the_o same_o to_o retain_v till_o it_o have_v contract_v itself_o and_o embrace_v they_o by_o close_v both_o his_o orificies_n and_o then_o his_o natural_a inbredde_a faculty_n and_o proper_a heat_n boil_v and_o convert_v the_o better_a part_n of_o the_o aliment_n into_o white_a cream_n which_o we_o call_v chylus_n that_o be_v a_o substance_n dispose_v to_o be_v convert_v into_o blood_n for_o the_o galen_n galen_n proper_a action_n of_o the_o stomach_n say_v galen_n 5._o usu_fw-la partium_fw-la 4._o be_v concoction_n it_o be_v the_o organ_n or_o instrument_n of_o the_o first_o concoction_n or_o the_o shop_n and_o forge_n of_o chilification_n moreover_o because_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o stomach_n be_v membranous_a and_o therefore_o not_o so_o hot_a his_o ingenit_fw-la heat_n be_v increase_v yea_o double_v by_o the_o adjacent_a part_n as_o the_o liver_n the_o concoction_n what_o part_n assist_v the_o stomach_n concoction_n midriff_n the_o spleen_n the_o kell_n the_o colic_n gut_n the_o trunk_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n and_o the_o great_a artery_n the_o sweetbread_n but_o especial_o the_o coeliacall_a artery_n compass_v it_o about_o almost_o on_o every_o side_n yield_v most_o immediate_a assistance_n for_o the_o narrow_a side_n of_o the_o stomach_n towards_o the_o right_a hand_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n hide_v under_o the_o liver_n the_o left_a lie_v close_o to_o the_o spleen_n and_o so_o of_o the_o rest_n which_o be_v all_o as_o so_o many_o coal_n set_v together_o under_o a_o vessel_n to_o make_v it_o boil_v after_o the_o aliment_n be_v concoct_v the_o pylorus_a or_o low_a mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n be_v loosen_v and_o the_o chylus_n thrust_v down_o into_o the_o duodenum_fw-la from_o thence_o to_o supply_v aliment_n to_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o so_o much_o of_o the_o stomach_n of_o the_o oesophagus_n or_o gullet_n chap._n x._o now_o although_o the_o oesophagus_n or_o gullet_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o it_o situate_v place_n the_o reason_n why_o we_o discourse_n of_o the_o gullet_n in_o this_o place_n in_o the_o chest_n or_o second_o region_n yet_o because_o it_o be_v continue_v with_o
the_o wonderful_a web_n texture_n or_o plat_n of_o vein_n in_o respect_n of_o which_o it_o be_v likely_a the_o liver_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o beginning_n or_o original_n of_o vein_n for_o the_o perfect_a and_o absolute_a confection_n of_o the_o blood_n but_o there_o be_v one_o peculiar_a and_o notable_a anastomosis_n or_o inocculation_n to_o be_v observe_v tab._n xiiii_o m_n which_o be_v a_o manifest_a and_o open_a pipe_n and_o continuate_v passage_n into_o which_o you_o may_v pass_v a_o good_a big_a probe_n and_o from_o which_o there_o lie_v a_o open_a way_n through_o all_o the_o least_o thread_n of_o the_o gate_n and_o hollow_a vein_n and_o so_o much_o the_o rather_o be_v these_o inocculation_n of_o the_o vein_n one_o with_o another_o more_o diligent_o to_o be_v observe_v because_o through_o they_o the_o humour_n offend_v pass_n when_o the_o habit_n or_o utmost_a region_n of_o the_o body_n be_v by_o purgation_n empty_v by_o the_o siege_n the_o low_a tab._n xiii_o fig._n 4_o ff_n tab_n xiiii_o kkkk_n of_o these_o root_n be_v by_o little_a and_o little_o gather_v hollowveine_n the_o port_n or_o gate-veine_n the_o hollowveine_n into_o great_a and_o these_o into_o other_o till_o at_o length_n in_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o liver_n they_o consent_v together_o into_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o port_n or_o the_o gate_n vein_n tab._n xiii_o fig._n 4._o eâ—_n tab_n xiiii_o hh_n as_o broad_a as_o a_o thumb_n or_o broad_a the_o upper_a root_n be_v in_o like_a manner_n tab_n xiii_o fig_n 4._o cccc_o tab._n xiiii_o eee_o unite_v by_o degree_n till_o at_o length_n they_o fall_v into_o two_o notable_a and_o great_a tab._n xiii_o fig_n 3_o m_o n_o branch_n reach_v to_o the_o fore-seate_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n where_o it_o grow_v to_o the_o liver_n and_o lie_v upon_o the_o diaphragma_n and_o there_o make_v one_o trunk_n tab._n xiii_o figure_n 2._o f_o fig_n 3_o d._n fig_n 4_o b._n tab_n xiiii_o ac_fw-la hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o gate_n vein_n tab_n viij_o asleep_o be_v say_v to_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o hollow_a side_n of_o the_o liver_n and_o the_o hollow_a vein_n tab_n viij_o k_o out_o of_o the_o convex_n or_o embow_v part_n among_o these_o root_n certain_a fine_a tendril_n tab_n xv_o fig_n 2_o qq_n table_n xvi_o figure_n 1_o ddd_n gall._n the_o passage_n of_o choler_n to_o the_o bladder_n of_o gall._n figure_n 2_o aaa_n have_v the_o body_n of_o vein_n and_o be_v gather_v into_o one_o stump_n or_o stalk_n tab_n xv_o figure_n 2_o a._n table_n xvi_o figure_n 1_o e_o be_v disseminated_a which_o carry_v the_o choler_n from_o the_o liver_n to_o the_o bladder_n of_o gall_n which_o also_o be_v join_v with_o the_o root_n of_o the_o gate-veyne_n that_o the_o blood_n before_o it_o come_v into_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n may_v be_v purge_v and_o cleanse_v from_o that_o choleric_a excrement_n the_o same_o substance_n of_o the_o liver_n whereof_o we_o speak_v before_o by_o compass_v about_o these_o vessel_n strengthen_v they_o and_o warrant_v their_o tender_a thread_n from_o danger_n by_o who_o also_o nourish_v how_o the_o liver_n be_v nourish_v it_o receyve_v in_o lieu_n a_o proportionable_a good_a for_o it_o be_v nourish_v by_o blood_n labour_v in_o the_o root_n of_o the_o port_n vein_n and_o out_o of_o those_o small_a end_n pour_v on_o every_o side_n into_o his_o lap_n the_o remainder_n which_o he_o refuse_v be_v carry_v into_o the_o root_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n and_o thence_o both_o thrust_v out_o and_o draw_v for_o nourishment_n into_o the_o whole_a body_n there_o be_v a_o few_o small_a artery_n table_n 4_o figure_n 1_o h_n from_o the_o coeliaca_fw-la diffuse_v in_o his_o substance_n liver_n the_o artery_n of_o the_o liver_n which_o do_v appear_v more_o white_a than_o the_o vein_n on_o the_o hollow_a side_n where_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o gate_n table_n 4_o figure_n 1_o t_o and_o figure_v 2_o y_z table_z xi_o l_o vein_n do_v join_v together_o into_o their_o common_a trunk_n or_o stump_n that_o they_o may_v ventilate_v and_o so_o preserve_v the_o natural_a heat_n of_o the_o liver_n wherefore_o they_o run_v only_o through_o the_o hollow_a part_n for_o the_o embow_v part_n be_v waft_v with_o the_o continual_a motion_n of_o the_o diaphragma_n as_o with_o a_o fan._n they_o also_o carry_v vital_a heat_n that_o the_o heat_n be_v double_v the_o sanguification_n may_v better_o succeed_v and_o that_o the_o liver_n also_o may_v not_o be_v destitute_a of_o the_o vital_a faculty_n for_o in_o the_o whole_a body_n the_o vein_n and_o artery_n be_v in_o a_o league_n and_o help_v one_o another_o these_o minister_a spirit_n to_o the_o vein_n the_o vein_n blood_n to_o they_o it_o have_v two_o small_a nerve_n tab_n iiii_o fig_n 2._o y_o tab_v xi_o m_o from_o the_o sixth_o pair_n one_o from_o that_o branch_n that_o be_v send_v to_o the_o upper_a mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n tab_v xv_o fig_n 1_o o_o tab_v xvi_o fig_n 1_o o_fw-la liver_n the_o nerve_n of_o the_o liver_n the_o other_o from_o the_o branch_n table_n xv_o figure_n 2_o f_z which_o pass_v to_o the_o root_n of_o the_o rib_n of_o the_o right_a side_n both_o of_o they_o disperse_v into_o his_o coat_n that_o he_o may_v not_o be_v altogether_o like_o a_o plant_n without_o sense_n albeit_o serve_v only_o for_o nourishment_n it_o stand_v in_o no_o need_n of_o any_o quick_a or_o notable_a sense_n wherefore_o his_o nerve_n be_v so_o very_o small_a hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o pain_n of_o the_o liver_n be_v not_o acute_a or_o sharp_a but_o obtuse_a or_o dull_a and_o gravative_n only_o but_o the_o bottom_n or_o centre_n of_o the_o liver_n be_v altogether_o without_o sense_n because_o of_o the_o many_o motion_n of_o the_o humour_n therein_o the_o use_n of_o the_o liver_n be_v by_o his_o affused_a substance_n to_o part_n and_o separate_v the_o vessel_n that_o they_o liver_n the_o use_n of_o the_o liver_n cleave_v not_o together_o to_o sustain_v and_o establish_v they_o to_o cherish_v they_o with_o his_o heat_n because_o in_o that_o place_n their_o coat_n be_v thin_a say_v galen_n 4._o usu_fw-la partium_fw-la 13._o than_o in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o creature_n for_o by_o this_o help_n sanguification_n which_o be_v celebrate_v in_o the_o root_n of_o the_o gate_n vein_n which_o be_v in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o liver_n be_v due_o administer_v to_o afford_v unto_o they_o the_o natural_a faculty_n as_o it_o be_v by_o irradiation_n even_o as_o the_o vessel_n of_o seed_n receive_v the_o faculty_n of_o seed-making_a from_o the_o testicle_n as_o also_o to_o procreate_v the_o natural_a spirit_n which_o some_o deny_v but_o archangelus_n by_o many_o argument_n do_v establish_v and_o last_o of_o all_o to_o preserve_v columbus_n columbus_n and_o maintain_v the_o nourish_v soul_n as_o they_o call_v it_o which_o be_v seat_v in_o every_o particular_a part_n of_o the_o body_n but_o because_o there_o be_v many_o opinion_n concern_v the_o manner_n of_o sanguification_n i_o have_v here_o think_v good_a to_o set_v down_o bauhine_v conceit_n as_o the_o opinion_n of_o a_o man_n to_o who_o i_o be_o especial_o in_o this_o work_n behold_v all_o aliment_n aswell_o solid_a as_o liquid_a be_v take_v by_o the_o mouth_n and_o after_o mastication_n or_o chew_v as_o there_o be_v more_o or_o less_o need_n be_v swallow_v into_o the_o stomach_n and_o there_o concoct_v it_o the_o manner_n of_o sanguification_n as_o bauhine_n have_v describe_v it_o and_o turn_v into_o chylus_n this_o chylus_n afterward_o when_o the_o pylorus_a or_o low_a mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n be_v open_v be_v thrust_v down_o into_o the_o gut_n and_o if_o any_o part_n of_o it_o escape_v elaboration_n before_o be_v there_o revise_v and_o reconcocted_n the_o thin_a and_o laudable_a part_n of_o the_o chylus_n for_o the_o thick_a excrement_n call_v aluinaefoece_n be_v force_v into_o the_o great_a gut_n together_o with_o that_o humour_n which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o watery_a excrement_n and_o be_v engender_v in_o the_o concoction_n of_o the_o stomach_n be_v suck_v away_o by_o certain_a branch_n of_o the_o gatevein_n derive_v from_o his_o trunk_n which_o be_v fix_v in_o the_o hollow_a part_n of_o the_o liver_n unto_o the_o stomach_n but_o especial_o unto_o the_o gut_n these_o vein_n which_o be_v call_v venae_fw-la meseraicae_n and_o we_o must_v call_v the_o meseraick_n vein_n do_v attenuate_v the_o chylus_n which_o they_o receyve_v prepare_v it_o and_o give_v it_o the_o first_o chymus_fw-la when_o the_o chylus_n become_v chymus_fw-la rudiment_n of_o blood_n so_o that_o now_o it_o begin_v to_o be_v call_v chymus_fw-la that_o be_v a_o humour_n which_o when_o it_o approach_v to_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o gate-veine_n be_v unburden_v of_o his_o thick_a part_n the_o spleen_n draw_v it_o away_o by_o the_o spleenicke_a
spondelle_n or_o rackebone_n of_o the_o loin_n and_o be_v distribute_v into_o the_o proper_a membrane_n of_o the_o kidney_n moreover_o from_o about_o the_o original_n of_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o mesenterie_n there_o do_v proceed_v a_o few_o tendril_n of_o sinew_n mingle_v together_o part_n of_o which_o go_v unto_o the_o kidney_n and_o the_o glandule_n that_o lie_v upon_o they_o the_o other_o part_n together_o with_o the_o emulgent_a artery_n do_v insinuate_v themselves_o into_o the_o hollowness_n of_o the_o kidney_n and_o be_v distribute_v through_o their_o substance_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o nephriticall_a patient_n have_v not_o only_o a_o certain_a dull_a sense_n of_o pain_n but_o also_o most_o vehement_a torment_n in_o their_o kidney_n not_o only_o therefore_o because_o their_o hole_n or_o den_n as_o galen_n say_v be_v not_o wide_o but_o narrow_a and_o the_o kidney_n because_o of_o the_o firmness_n of_o their_o substance_n can_v be_v stretch_v as_o the_o bladder_n may_v but_o especial_o because_o of_o these_o nerve_n distribute_v through_o their_o substance_n notwithstanding_o the_o pain_n of_o the_o stone_n be_v great_a when_o it_o enter_v into_o the_o ureter_n both_o because_o of_o his_o exquisite_a sense_n as_o also_o because_o of_o the_o straightness_n of_o the_o passage_n through_o which_o the_o stone_n fall_v must_v needs_o tear_v it_o almost_o with_o stretch_v especial_o especial_o which_o pain_n we_o see_v not_o always_o to_o follow_v those_o who_o passage_n be_v dilate_v by_o the_o often_o come_v down_o of_o stone_n the_o inner_a venture_n or_o cavitie_n of_o the_o kidney_n have_v a_o hollowness_n make_v of_o a_o sinewey_a membrane_n kidney_n the_o inner_a venture_n of_o the_o kidney_n which_o the_o emulgent_a vessel_n do_v not_o produce_v for_o they_o determine_v into_o exceed_v hairy_a thread_n but_o the_o ureter_n which_o become_v first_o broad_a in_o the_o hollowness_n table_n 21._o figure_n 1._o f_o of_o the_o kidney_n be_v the_o matter_n of_o it_o at_o who_o side_n on_o either_o part_n before_o the_o vessel_n be_v divide_v into_o less_o branch_n the_o substance_n of_o the_o kidney_n appear_v loose_a and_o unequal_a the_o anatomist_n call_v it_o cavernosa_n spongi_fw-la formis_fw-la erosa_fw-la when_o the_o fat_a that_o compass_v it_o about_o be_v diligent_o remove_v the_o ureter_n be_v divide_v into_o great_a branch_n first_o double_a or_o treble_a as_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n shall_v appear_v and_o then_o into_o many_o other_o not_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o other_o vessel_n still_o vreter_n the_o vreter_n lessen_v into_o hairy_a thread_n but_o broad_a in_o the_o end_n so_o that_o a_o man_n may_v observe_v eight_o or_o ten_o branch_n like_o cannel_n or_o pipe_n that_o they_o may_v better_o receive_v the_o caruncle_n before_o speak_v of_o for_o those_o caruncle_n which_o be_v like_o small_a glandule_n in_o the_o end_n of_o all_o the_o vessel_n and_o of_o a_o pale_a colour_n because_o they_o be_v of_o a_o hard_a flesh_n than_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o kidney_n be_v produce_v out_o of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o kidney_n and_o somewhat_o sharp_a like_o unto_o the_o nipple_n of_o breast_n insinuate_v themselves_o into_o the_o say_a vessel_n in_o manner_n of_o a_o cover_n or_o stopple_n do_v stop_v they_o up_o which_o if_o they_o be_v cut_v according_a to_o their_o length_n a_o man_n may_v observe_v in_o they_o certain_a furrow_n and_o tunnelle_n as_o small_a as_o hair_n wherefore_o be_v so_o fine_o bore_v that_o they_o will_v scarce_o admit_v a_o hair_n by_o they_o the_o whey_n or_o serous_a humour_n colour_v with_o choler_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o blood_n and_o be_v insensiblie_o percolate_v or_o drayn_v into_o the_o pipe_n of_o the_o ureter_n or_o membranous_a tunnel_n this_o be_v call_v the_o colatorie_a and_o gather_v together_o in_o that_o common_a hollowness_n and_o thence_o be_v send_v downward_o by_o the_o ureter_n into_o the_o bladder_n it_o may_v be_v colatorie_a the_o colatorie_a these_o furrowie_a passage_n be_v hollow_v in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o kidney_n like_v as_o the_o hole_n in_o the_o nipple_n of_o the_o breast_n and_o these_o spongy_a caruncle_n have_v need_v to_o be_v so_o fine_o bore_v lest_o the_o blood_n which_o together_o with_o the_o urine_n and_o choler_n be_v draw_v by_o the_o emulgent_n but_o for_o their_o proper_a nourishment_n shall_v with_o they_o also_o pass_v away_o into_o the_o bladder_n which_o we_o see_v sometime_o to_o happen_v and_o that_o without_o pain_n when_o either_o the_o separate_n or_o retain_v virtue_n of_o the_o kidney_n be_v decay_v or_o those_o small_a passage_n widen_v consider_v that_o this_o separation_n nourish_v the_o separation_n of_o the_o whey_n be_v by_o transfusion_n not_o by_o concoction_n how_o the_o kidney_n be_v nourish_v be_v make_v not_o by_o concoction_n where_o nature_n be_v she_o own_o chooser_n but_o by_o transfusion_n although_o we_o do_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o these_o excrement_n do_v here_o receive_v a_o kind_n of_o elaboration_n though_o not_o a_o concoction_n this_o blood_n thus_o remain_v behind_o be_v as_o it_o be_v suck_v by_o the_o flesh_n of_o the_o kidney_n and_o be_v sprinkle_v upon_o it_o like_o a_o kind_n of_o dew_n from_o whence_o by_o degree_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o vapour_n it_o be_v scatter_v into_o his_o whole_a body_n cleave_v be_v unite_v to_o it_o and_o final_o become_v the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o kidney_n but_o because_o be_v so_o thin_a it_o nourish_v but_o slender_o it_o be_v continual_o and_o in_o great_a quantity_n draw_v in_o together_o with_o much_o urine_n which_o the_o blood_n remain_v behind_o insensible_o drop_v through_o those_o caruncle_n these_o thing_n although_o they_o differ_v from_o the_o common_a opinion_n of_o some_o other_o yet_o may_v urine_n the_o trial_n of_o the_o truth_n in_o this_o discourse_n of_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o urine_n they_o fit_o be_v demonstrate_v if_o you_o put_v a_o probe_n into_o the_o vessel_n as_o they_o enter_v in_o and_o the_o ureter_n as_o it_o go_v out_o and_o then_o make_v incision_n at_o the_o saddle_n side_n of_o the_o kidney_n and_o yet_o much_o better_a &_o more_o elegant_o be_v these_o passage_n show_v if_o you_o separate_v the_o flesh_n of_o the_o kidney_n from_o his_o vessel_n which_o separation_n have_v abundant_o satisfy_v we_o in_o this_o point_n and_o therefore_o we_o have_v exhibit_v it_o in_o the_o xxi_o table_n and_o the_o first_o figure_n but_o because_o these_o thing_n do_v not_o so_o appear_v in_o dog_n as_o we_o have_v now_o say_v and_o yet_o young_a student_n for_o want_n of_o man_n body_n be_v often_o fain_o to_o dissect_v the_o kidney_n of_o dog_n we_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o here_o brief_o to_o insert_v the_o description_n of_o dog_n kidney_n also_o the_o structure_n therefore_o of_o a_o dog_n kidney_n delineate_v in_o the_o second_o figure_n of_o this_o 21._o table_n be_v on_o this_o manner_n fig._n 1._o show_v the_o vessel_n of_o the_o kidney_n separate_v from_o the_o flesh_n fig._n 2._o show_v the_o kidney_n dissect_v according_a unto_o vesalius_n the_o first_o be_v the_o kidney_n cut_v according_a to_o the_o length_n through_o the_o gibbous_a part_n so_o as_o the_o slit_n reach_v unto_o the_o second_o sinus_fw-la or_o cavity_n of_o it_o no_o part_n of_o the_o kidney_n take_v away_o the_o second_o exhibit_v the_o kidney_n where_o all_o the_o substance_n or_o partition_n which_o be_v call_v septum_fw-la renis_fw-la be_v slice_v away_o in_o a_o compass_n that_o the_o second_o cavity_n may_v better_o appear_v the_o three_o show_v all_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o first_o cavity_n or_o sinus_fw-la the_o flesh_n of_o the_o kidney_n be_v quite_o take_v away_o fig._n 3._o express_v the_o devise_n of_o some_o man_n concern_v the_o per_fw-la colation_n or_o streyn_v of_o the_o whey_n the_o first_o show_v the_o kidney_n dissect_v from_o the_o gibbous_a part_n towards_o the_o hollow_a part_n together_o with_o the_o cribrum_fw-la or_o sive_fw-la the_o second_o show_v the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o kidney_n tabula_fw-la xxi_o fig_n ay_o fig_n ii_o fig_n iii_o fig._n 2._o fig._n 3._o upon_o this_o membranous_a body_n lie_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o kidney_n in_o the_o midst_n whereof_o hang_v a_o part_n of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o kidney_n regard_v the_o gibbous_a side_n differ_v in_o colour_n from_o the_o rest_n and_o want_v the_o membranous_a cover_n before_o name_v it_o be_v like_o a_o new_a moon_n and_o hang_v like_o a_o partition_n so_o lean_v upon_o the_o membranous_a body_n that_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o same_o kidney_n seem_v to_o be_v double_a but_o in_o the_o kidney_n of_o a_o man_n there_o be_v no_o such_o cavitie_n to_o be_v find_v but_o the_o emulgent_a vessel_n and_o the_o vreter_n be_v divide_v through_o his_o substance_n into_o many_o branch_n and_o the_o cavity_n which_o be_v in_o the_o
the_o mammary_n artery_n the_o nerve_n of_o the_o breast_n it_o have_v nerve_n from_o the_o sinew_n of_o the_o chest_n which_o be_v carry_v through_o the_o skin_n partly_o to_o the_o nipple_n but_o the_o thick_a nerve_n be_v that_o which_o come_v to_o the_o nipple_n from_o the_o first_o nerve_n of_o the_o chest_n and_o do_v communicate_v thereto_o exquisite_a sense_n and_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o pleasure_n conceive_v by_o their_o contrectation_n the_o glandule_n or_o kernel_n which_o they_o call_v in_o latin_a mamillae_fw-la or_o mammae_fw-la or_o rather_o glandulous_a breast_n the_o glandule_n of_o the_o breast_n body_n which_o make_v the_o body_n table_n 27._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o bulk_n of_o the_o pap_n be_v the_o great_a of_o the_o whole_a body_n white_a and_o do_v not_o as_o in_o most_o of_o the_o other_o creature_n make_v one_o body_n but_o be_v many_o and_o distinct_a spongious_a and_o rare_a or_o porous_a that_o they_o may_v better_o draw_v the_o aliment_n unto_o they_o and_o convert_v it_o into_o milk_n of_o these_o one_o be_v the_o great_a place_v under_o the_o nipple_n and_o about_o it_o be_v set_v all_o the_o other_o small_a one_o which_o cleave_v to_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o thorax_n or_o chest_n among_o these_o be_v infinite_a vessel_n with_o many_o wind_n and_o turn_n weave_v together_o that_o the_o blood_n before_o in_o the_o vein_n and_o artery_n perfect_v &_o receive_v by_o the_o breast_n may_v in_o these_o bought_n and_o turn_n through_o the_o glandulous_a body_n be_v convert_v into_o milk_n which_o be_v a_o surplusage_n of_o profitable_a aliment_n tab._n 27._o show_v the_o breast_n of_o a_o woman_n with_o the_o skin_n flay_v off_o for_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o table_n belong_v to_o another_o place_n plato_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o bud_v forth_o in_o latin_a papilla_fw-la because_o it_o be_v like_o a_o papula_fw-la that_o rugged_a why_o rugged_a be_v a_o pimple_n whelke_o or_o wheal_n it_o be_v of_o a_o fungous_a or_o mozy_a substance_n somewhat_o like_o that_o of_o the_o yard_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o by_o touch_v or_o suck_v it_o grow_v stiff_a and_o after_o will_v again_o grow_v more_o flaccid_a or_o loose_a in_o virgin_n this_o teat_n stand_v not_o much_o out_o from_o the_o breast_n &_o be_v red_a and_o unequal_a very_o like_o a_o strew-bery_a in_o nurse_n because_o of_o the_o child_n suck_v it_o grow_v long_o and_o blew_a in_o old_a folk_n it_o be_v long_o and_o blackish_a about_o this_o teat_n be_v a_o circle_n call_v in_o latin_a areola_n in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d we_o know_v no_o english_a teat_n the_o circle_n of_o the_o teat_n name_n it_o have_v unless_o we_o call_v it_o the_o ring_n of_o the_o pap_n but_o in_o virgin_n it_o be_v pale_a or_o whitish_a in_o woman_n with_o child_n and_o nurse_v it_o be_v duskish_a in_o old_a woman_n black_a and_o the_o skin_n more_o rugous_a and_o unequal_a from_o the_o disease_n of_o the_o womb_n it_o be_v also_o sometime_o yellow_a sometime_o black_a for_o hypocrates_n say_v a_o man_n may_v judge_v of_o the_o womb_n by_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o nipple_n for_o if_o the_o woman_n a_o good_a note_n for_o woman_n nipple_n or_o his_o ring_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v red_a grow_v pale_a then_o be_v the_o womb_n affect_v the_o colour_n of_o the_o nipple_n and_o the_o ring_n about_o they_o be_v also_o often_o make_v duskish_a and_o black_a by_o set_v nipple_n the_o cuill_a event_n of_o draw_v glass_n to_o the_o nipple_n draw_v glass_n draw_v head_n or_o such_o like_a upon_o they_o to_o make_v they_o stand_v out_o that_o the_o infant_n may_v take_v they_o which_o may_v notwithstanding_o be_v prevent_v if_o care_n be_v have_v the_o proper_a use_n of_o the_o breast_n be_v to_o be_v a_o magazine_n or_o storehouse_n of_o meat_n for_o the_o mother_n own_o child_n or_o that_o in_o they_o so_o long_a milk_n shall_v be_v generate_v as_o the_o infant_n for_o his_o breast_n the_o use_n of_o the_o breast_n nourishment_n shall_v stand_v in_o need_n of_o it_o for_o whereas_o it_o be_v accustom_v in_o the_o womb_n to_o be_v nourish_v by_o the_o mother_n blood_n convey_v unto_o it_o by_o the_o umbilicall_a vein_n it_o can_v so_o sudden_o change_v that_o liquid_a for_o more_o solid_a nourishment_n for_o it_o can_v not_o digest_v it_o because_o when_o it_o be_v new_a bear_v it_o be_v but_o tender_a and_o weak_a beside_o sudden_a change_n be_v very_o dangerous_a wherefore_o it_o have_v need_n of_o such_o a_o nourishment_n as_o shall_v not_o be_v too_o remote_a from_o the_o nature_n of_o blood_n and_o that_o it_o may_v more_o easy_o be_v nourish_v shall_v also_o be_v liquid_a sweet_a and_o after_o a_o sort_n familiar_a unto_o it_o but_o such_o be_v milk_n which_o be_v make_v in_o the_o breast_n for_o so_o in_o grow_v man_n and_o woman_n the_o aliment_n be_v in_o the_o stomach_n turn_v into_o chylus_n which_o be_v a_o cream_n or_o substance_n like_a unto_o milk_n wherefore_o according_a to_o galen_n the_o first_o and_o chief_a use_n of_o the_o breast_n be_v the_o generation_n of_o milk_n that_o they_o may_v be_v ashamed_a who_o for_o nicety_n and_o delicacy_n do_v forfeit_v this_o principal_a use_n of_o these_o excellent_a part_n and_o make_v they_o only_a stale_n or_o bawd_n of_o lust_n a_o secondary_a use_n of_o they_o be_v in_o respect_n of_o their_o situation_n that_o they_o may_v be_v a_o kind_n of_o cover_v and_o defence_n for_o the_o heart_n and_o that_o themselves_o have_v receyve_v heat_n and_o cherrishment_n from_o the_o heart_n may_v again_o return_v unto_o it_o warmth_n such_o as_o we_o get_v by_o garment_n we_o buckle_v about_o we_o especial_o this_o use_n be_v manifest_a in_o woman_n in_o who_o these_o breast_n grow_v oftentimes_o into_o a_o great_a mass_n or_o weight_n so_o as_o they_o be_v far_o cold_a than_o man_n their_o entrail_n under_o the_o hypochondria_n be_v warm_v by_o they_o it_o may_v also_o be_v add_v that_o they_o be_v give_v for_o ornament_n of_o the_o chest_n and_o for_o a_o man_n pleasure_n as_o be_v partly_o touch_v before_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr glandulis_n add_v another_o use_n of_o the_o pap_n that_o be_v to_o receive_v excrementitious_a moisture_n for_o if_o say_v hypocrates_n any_o disease_n or_o other_o event_n take_v away_o a_o this_o note_v this_o woman_n pap_n her_o voice_n become_v shrill_a she_o prove_v a_o great_a spitter_n and_o be_v much_o trouble_v with_o pain_n in_o her_o head_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o pap_n of_o woman_n now_o man_n likewise_o have_v pap_n by_o nature_n allow_v men._n the_o pap_n of_o men._n they_o situate_v also_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o breast_n and_o lie_v upon_o the_o first_o muscle_n of_o the_o arm_n call_v pectoralis_fw-la they_o be_v two_o a_o right_a and_o a_o left_a but_o they_o rise_v little_a above_o the_o skin_n as_o they_o do_v in_o woman_n because_o they_o have_v scarce_o any_o glandule_n for_o they_o be_v not_o ordain_v to_o convert_v or_o contain_v milk_n yet_o we_o do_v not_o deny_v but_o in_o they_o be_v generate_v a_o humour_n they_o what_o humour_n be_v in_o they_o like_o to_o milk_n which_o aristotle_n in_o the_o twelve_o book_n of_o his_o history_n of_o creature_n call_v milk_n but_o it_o will_v not_o at_o all_o nourish_v albeit_o we_o have_v see_v it_o in_o some_o man_n something_o plentiful_a the_o pap_n of_o man_n be_v compound_v of_o skin_n fat_a and_o nipple_n which_o appear_v yea_o sometime_o hang_v forth_o in_o they_o because_o of_o the_o abundant_a fat_n which_o in_o corpulent_a body_n be_v more_o about_o that_o place_n then_o in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o chest_n beside_o the_o nipple_n of_o man_n be_v somewhat_o fungous_a composition_n their_o composition_n and_o also_o perforate_v they_o have_v vein_n artery_n and_o nerve_n for_o their_o nourishment_n life_n and_o sense_n their_o use_n be_v to_o defend_v the_o heart_n as_o with_o a_o target_n or_o buckler_n or_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o they_o be_v give_v for_o ornament_n that_o the_o breast_n shall_v not_o be_v without_o some_o representation_n in_o use_v their_o use_v it_o the_o nipple_n be_v the_o centre_n in_o which_o the_o vein_n and_o nerve_n do_v determine_v which_o also_o be_v therein_o conjoin_v and_o here_o we_o will_v put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o history_n of_o part_n belong_v to_o nutrition_n or_o nourishment_n and_o prosecute_v our_o intent_n to_o discuss_v the_o controversy_n and_o question_n which_o may_v arise_v concern_v they_o a_o dilucidation_n or_o exposition_n of_o the_o contoversy_n concern_v the_o part_n belong_v to_o nutrition_n question_v i._o whether_o the_o gut_n have_v any_o common_a attractive_a faculty_n the_o physician_n of_o old_a
fleshy_a like_a as_o galen_n call_v the_o womb_n sometime_o a_o membranous_a sometime_o a_o fleshy_a part_n concern_v the_o scite_fw-la or_o position_n of_o the_o gut_n the_o ancient_n seem_v to_o have_v err_v because_o they_o think_v that_o the_o great_a gut_n do_v occupy_v the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o belly_n and_o the_o small_a the_o gut_n the_o error_n of_o the_o ancient_n about_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o gut_n upper_a but_o the_o truth_n be_v that_o the_o colon_n which_o be_v the_o great_a of_o all_o the_o rest_n run_v up_o unto_o the_o hollowness_n of_o the_o liver_n and_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o stomach_n but_o the_o ileon_n be_v extend_v downward_o unto_o the_o share_n bone_n i_o conceyve_v that_o the_o dissection_n of_o dog_n and_o fourfooted_a beast_n deceive_v they_o galen_n himself_o speak_v to_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o common_a people_n epid._n galen_n com._n in_o 3._o epid._n call_v the_o great_a gut_n the_o low_a the_o small_a gut_n the_o upper_a yea_o and_o many_o physician_n at_o this_o day_n be_v mistake_v distinguish_v the_o dysentery_n of_o the_o small_a gut_n from_o that_o of_o the_o crass_a opinion_n diverse_a opinion_n or_o thick_a by_o this_o that_o if_o the_o pain_n be_v in_o the_o upper_a part_n than_o the_o disease_n be_v in_o the_o small_a if_o in_o the_o low_a then_o in_o the_o great_a gut_n concern_v the_o situation_n of_o the_o colic_n gut_n there_o be_v diverse_a opinion_n some_o do_v therefore_o think_v it_o ascend_v unto_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o stomach_n that_o by_o his_o contaction_n as_o also_o by_o that_o of_o the_o neighbour_n part_n the_o concoction_n of_o the_o stomach_n may_v be_v further_v other_o colon._n different_a conceit_n about_o the_o ascend_n of_o the_o colon._n imagine_v that_o it_o be_v therefore_o convey_v to_o the_o hollow_a of_o the_o liver_n where_o the_o bladder_n of_o gall_n be_v seat_v that_o the_o expulsive_a faculty_n of_o the_o colon_n which_o lie_v as_o it_o be_v asleep_a may_v by_o the_o sweat_a issue_n of_o choler_n be_v better_o awake_v and_o set_v on_o edge_n another_o sort_n there_o be_v who_o imagine_v that_o the_o colon_n give_v way_n to_o the_o small_a gut_n wall_v they_o about_o in_o manner_n of_o a_o fence_n or_o rampert_v come_v not_o near_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o mesenterie_n and_o that_o therefore_o it_o take_v up_o the_o left_a side_n of_o the_o body_n that_o the_o great_a branch_n of_o the_o port-veine_n call_v mesentericus_fw-la may_v with_o a_o short_a cut_n be_v insert_v into_o the_o gut_n and_o carry_v or_o transfer_v the_o meat_n unto_o the_o liver_n by_o a_o near_a way_n some_o there_o be_v who_o think_v that_o the_o colon_n adher_v or_o cleave_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o stomach_n and_o hollow_a of_o the_o liver_n that_o by_o their_o contaction_n the_o remainder_n of_o the_o aliment_n which_o stay_v in_o the_o chamber_n of_o the_o colon_n may_v receive_v more_o perfect_a concoction_n moreover_o they_o give_v this_o reason_n of_o his_o situation_n aloft_o that_o that_o part_n of_o the_o chylus_n which_o be_v therein_o contain_v may_v not_o so_o soon_o pass_v away_o and_o so_o there_o may_v be_v more_o perfect_a &_o accomplish_a exsuction_n of_o the_o cream_n for_o which_o cause_n also_o the_o cell_n and_o chamber_v convolution_n of_o the_o colon_n as_o also_o the_o blind_a gut_n be_v ordain_v this_o colic_n gut_n be_v indeed_o the_o large_a or_o most_o ample_a of_o all_o the_o rest_n but_o where_o it_o touch_v downward_o why_o the_o press_n of_o the_o spleen_n make_v melancholy_a body_n to_o avoid_v wind_n downward_o the_o kidney_n and_o the_o spleen_n it_o become_v narrow_a lest_o it_o shall_v compress_v the_o spleen_n whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o those_o who_o spleen_n do_v swell_v or_o be_v notable_o stuff_v can_v hardly_o avoid_v any_o wind_n downward_o unless_o the_o spleen_n be_v press_v and_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o difficulty_n or_o curious_a question_n about_o the_o gut_n wherein_o we_o have_v be_v somewhat_o more_o prolix_a that_o such_o as_o delight_v in_o the_o contemplative_a part_n of_o anatomy_n may_v not_o go_v away_o from_o we_o altogether_o unsatisfied_a the_o stomach_n follow_v qvest._n viii_o whither_o the_o upper_a mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o appetite_n see_v the_o live-tide_n of_o every_o creature_n be_v inconstant_a and_o like_o a_o post_n pass_v swift_o away_o because_o of_o the_o continual_a effluxion_n or_o expense_n of_o the_o threefold_a substance_n wherein_o it_o consist_v nature_n be_v vigilant_a and_o careful_a about_o her_o own_o preservation_n endevour_v continual_o to_o make_v up_o the_o nourishment_n the_o reason_n of_o our_o threefold_a nourishment_n breach_n by_o respiration_n and_o nourishment_n by_o respiration_n the_o spirituous_a by_o nourishment_n the_o fleshy_a and_o solid_a substance_n be_v restore_v and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o our_o nourishment_n be_v threefold_a aer_fw-la meat_n and_o drink_v but_o because_o there_o can_v be_v no_o nourishment_n without_o appetite_n nature_n have_v dispense_v to_o every_o part_n a_o certain_a desire_n whereby_o as_o by_o goad_n they_o be_v prick_v forward_o to_o draw_v and_o suck_v into_o themselves_o convenient_a and_o familiar_a aliment_n but_o this_o desire_n in_o the_o particular_a part_n of_o the_o body_n be_v without_o sense_n for_o they_o feel_v not_o neither_o perceive_v when_o they_o draw_v or_o suck_v such_o convenient_a aliment_n wherefore_o lest_o the_o part_n shall_v pine_v away_o when_o they_o be_v exhaust_v and_o as_o it_o be_v hunger-starved_a appetite_n the_o upper_a mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n the_o seat_n or_o appetite_n nature_n have_v frame_v one_o part_n of_o exquisite_a and_o perfect_a sense_n which_o alone_o fore-apprehending_a the_o suction_n and_o so_o the_o want_n of_o the_o rest_n shall_v stir_v up_o the_o creature_n to_o provide_v and_o cook_n their_o nourishment_n for_o they_o for_o if_o the_o sense_n of_o this_o suction_n or_o traction_n be_v in_o every_o part_n then_o in_o the_o time_n of_o affamishment_n or_o thirst_n they_o will_v perpetual_o languish_v &_o so_o the_o creature_n lead_v his_o life_n in_o a_o perpetual_a disease_n this_o part_n so_o by_o nature_n set_v out_o be_v the_o uppermost_a mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n which_o the_o ancient_a galen_n galen_n grecian_n as_o galen_n witness_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o all_o man_n do_v concur_v that_o in_o it_o the_o animal_n appetite_n and_o hunger_n which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o sense_n of_o suction_n have_v their_o peculiar_a residence_n and_o this_o sense_n be_v exhibit_v in_o this_o place_n by_o two_o notable_a nerve_n call_v stomachici_fw-la or_o the_o stomach_n nerve_n arise_v from_o the_o sixth_o pair_n or_o coniungation_n of_o the_o brain_n but_o after_o what_o manner_n this_o animal_n appetite_n be_v stir_v up_o galen_n have_v elegant_o teach_v we_o in_o his_o first_o book_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o symptom_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o which_o place_n these_o thing_n be_v first_o to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o animal_n appetite_n be_v double_a one_o natural_a another_o double_a the_o animal_n appetite_n double_a deprave_a to_o the_o first_o these_o five_o sign_n or_o symptom_n must_v necessary_o concur_v first_o a_o exhaustion_n or_o deep_a expense_n of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o part_n next_o there_o must_v be_v in_o the_o same_o part_n a_o suction_n or_o traction_n for_o the_o exhaust_a part_n do_v draw_v from_o their_o next_o neighbour_n and_o those_o from_o other_o till_o by_o continuation_n it_o do_v come_v to_o some_o extreme_a which_o extreme_a be_v the_o upper_a mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n where_o the_o traction_n cease_v from_o this_o traction_n arise_v appetite_n 5._o sign_n or_o symptom_n require_v to_o appetite_n the_o three_o sign_n which_o be_v a_o divulsion_n or_o kind_n of_o violence_n offer_v to_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n which_o divulsion_n or_o violence_n strike_v the_o nerve_n whence_o come_v the_o sense_n and_o from_o the_o sense_n the_o appetite_n in_o the_o deprave_a appetite_n the_o same_o order_n and_o degree_n of_o symptom_n be_v not_o observe_v for_o in_o the_o disease_n call_v boulimos_n there_o be_v hunger_n without_o appetite_n and_o in_o the_o dog-appetite_n be_v what_o boulimos_n be_v there_o be_v appetite_n without_o hunger_n in_o the_o boulimos_fw-la all_o the_o part_n be_v exhaust_v or_o hunger-bit_n do_v draw_v from_o the_o stomach_n which_o on_o every_o hand_n be_v tear_v and_o as_o it_o weee_v lance_v yet_o do_v not_o that_o divulsion_n strike_v the_o sense_n and_o so_o no_o appetite_n follow_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o other_o part_n be_v defraud_v of_o their_o aliment_n do_v waste_v away_o and_o consume_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o insensibility_n be_v the_o refrigeration_n of_o the_o nerve_n the_o obstruction_n of_o the_o same_o and_o the_o
wherein_o it_o may_v be_v transport_v because_o it_o distend_v the_o part_n in_o which_o it_o be_v entertain_v and_o occupi_v a_o place_n for_o when_o the_o creature_n be_v dead_a both_o the_o ball_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v corrugate_v or_o wrinkle_v and_o the_o membrane_n thereof_o do_v also_o fall_v be_v no_o more_o illustrate_v by_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o spirit_n it_o be_v therefore_o a_o body_n but_o the_o fine_a and_o subtle_a substance_n that_o be_v in_o this_o little_a world_n for_o as_o the_o wind_n it_o pass_v &_o wind_n 〈…〉_o wind_n repass_v at_o his_o pleasure_n unseen_a but_o not_o unfelt_a for_o the_o force_n and_o incursion_n thereof_o be_v not_o without_o a_o kind_n of_o violence_n so_o the_o seed_n although_o it_o be_v thick_a and_o viscid_a yet_o pass_v through_o vessel_n which_o have_v no_o manifest_a cavity_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o it_o be_v full_a &_o as_o it_o be_v 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o hoven_v with_o spirit_n galen_n in_o his_o three_o book_n of_o natural_a faculty_n say_v that_o blood_n be_v thin_a 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o vapour_n thin_a and_o spirit_n thin_a of_o all_o i_o say_v moreover_o that_o it_o be_v always_o in_o motion_n for_o the_o spirit_n be_v continual_o move_v not_o by_o another_o only_a as_o the_o humour_n which_o whither_o they_o be_v draw_v or_o drive_v be_v always_o motion_n 〈◊〉_d the_o 〈…〉_o in_o 〈◊〉_d motion_n move_v by_o a_o power_n without_o themselves_o but_o also_o by_o themselves_o that_o be_v by_o a_o inbred_a principle_n of_o their_o own_o so_o that_o there_o be_v a_o double_a original_n of_o the_o spirit_n motion_n on_o homebred_a another_o but_o a_o stranger_n by_o the_o homebred_a principle_n they_o be_v move_v as_o the_o flame_n upward_o 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o and_o downward_o as_o galen_n teach_v upward_o because_o light_v for_o they_o be_v fiery_a and_o airy_a and_o downward_o toward_o their_o nourishment_n if_o either_o of_o these_o motion_n be_v hinder_v the_o spirit_n be_v corrupt_v and_o that_o by_o consumption_n or_o extinction_n by_o consumption_n for_o want_n of_o 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o nourishment_n when_o it_o can_v move_v downward_o by_o extinction_n from_o his_o contrary_n when_o it_o be_v choke_v by_o cold_a and_o moisture_n because_o it_o can_v move_v upward_o again_o they_o be_v move_v by_o a_o external_a principle_n when_o they_o be_v draw_v hither_o or_o drive_v thither_o they_o be_v 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o drive_v the_o natural_a from_o the_o liver_n the_o vital_a from_o the_o heart_n in_o his_o systole_n the_o animal_n from_o the_o brain_n when_o it_o be_v compress_v they_o be_v draw_v the_o natural_a by_o the_o vein_n the_o vital_a by_o the_o particular_a part_n together_o with_o the_o arterial_a blood_n the_o animal_n very_o rare_o unless_o a_o part_n be_v affect_v either_o with_o pain_n or_o pleasure_n for_o in_o such_o a_o case_n neither_o do_v the_o vehemency_n of_o the_o object_n suffer_v the_o faculty_n to_o rest_v nor_o the_o heat_n cease_v to_o draw_v the_o spirit_n unto_o it_o the_o spirit_n therefore_o have_v a_o body_n mooveable_a it_o follow_v in_o the_o definition_n that_o they_o be_v engender_v of_o blood_n and_o a_o thin_a vapour_n so_o 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o that_o they_o have_v a_o double_a matter_n a_o exhalation_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o air_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o all_o our_o spirit_n be_v cherish_v preserve_v and_o nourish_v by_o air_n and_o blood_n the_o last_o part_n of_o the_o definition_n design_v the_o use_n of_o the_o spirit_n as_o be_v the_o last_o and_o final_a 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o cause_n for_o which_o they_o be_v ordain_v for_o the_o spirit_n be_v the_o vehicle_n or_o carriage_n not_o of_o the_o soul_n but_o of_o the_o faculty_n thereof_o for_o if_o the_o vessel_n vein_n artery_n or_o nerve_n be_v tie_v 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o the_o life_n motion_n and_o sense_n of_o the_o part_n to_o which_o these_o vessel_n pass_v do_v instant_o abate_v &_o be_v in_o short_a time_n utter_o extinguish_v upon_o the_o interception_n of_o the_o spirit_n not_o of_o the_o faculty_n themselves_o which_o be_v incorporeal_a because_o the_o band_n or_o tie_n do_v neither_o interrupt_v the_o continuity_n of_o the_o vessel_n with_o his_o original_n neither_o yet_o his_o natural_a disposition_n and_o this_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o spirit_n in_o general_n now_o some_o spirit_n be_v ingenit_fw-la or_o inbred_a which_o be_v so_o many_o in_o number_n as_o there_o be_v several_a kind_n and_o fort_n of_o part_n some_o influent_a which_o flow_v as_o it_o be_v from_o diverse_a fountain_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o and_o serve_v to_o rouse_v and_o raise_v up_o the_o sleepy_a and_o sluggish_a operation_n of_o the_o former_a concern_v the_o number_n of_o the_o influent_a spirit_n physician_n be_v at_o great_a difference_n among_o themselves_o argenterius_n think_v that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o sort_n of_o spirit_n because_o there_o be_v but_o one_o soul_n and_o that_o have_v but_o one_o organ_n one_o blood_n and_o one_o air_n which_o be_v breathe_v in_o but_o the_o ancient_n far_o more_o acute_o have_v record_v three_o manner_n of_o spirit_n because_o there_o 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o be_v three_o faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n the_o natural_a the_o vital_a and_o the_o animal_n three_o principle_n the_o brain_n the_o heart_n and_o the_o liver_n and_o three_o kind_n of_o vessel_n vein_n artery_n and_o sinew_n that_o there_o be_v a_o animal_n spirit_n beside_o that_o galen_n inculcate_v it_o in_o sundry_a place_n many_o reason_n do_v evict_v it_o for_o to_o what_o purpose_n else_o be_v the_o brain_n hollow_v or_o bow_v into_o so_o many_o arch_n to_o what_o purpose_n be_v those_o intricate_a maze_n and_o laberynthe_n of_o small_a artery_n which_o in_o the_o brain_n we_o call_v rete_fw-la mirabile_fw-la the_o wonderful_a net_n and_o why_o be_v the_o sinew_n propagate_v into_o so_o many_o branch_n but_o of_o this_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v more_o hereafter_o as_o also_o of_o the_o vital_a which_o no_o man_n yet_o ever_o oppose_v and_o of_o which_o the_o poet_n make_v ovid._n ovid._n mention_v call_v it_o a_o divinity_n est_fw-la deus_fw-la in_o nobis_fw-la agitante_fw-la calescimus_fw-la illo_fw-la in_o we_o there_o be_v spirit_n seat_v and_o by_o his_o motion_n we_o be_v heat_v only_o concern_v the_o natural_a spirit_n there_o have_v be_v some_o difference_n many_o labour_a spirit_n that_o there_o be_v no_o natural_a spirit_n to_o blot_v his_o name_n out_o of_o the_o roll_n who_o argument_n we_o will_v here_o scite_fw-la before_o the_o tribunal_n of_o reason_n to_o see_v how_o they_o acquit_v themselves_o first_o they_o say_v that_o the_o natural_a faculty_n need_v reason_n 1._o de_fw-fr loc_fw-fr affict_v 12._o m_v &_o in_o art_n parua_fw-la 1._o reason_n no_o vehicle_n or_o weftage_n because_o it_o be_v inbred_a in_o every_o part_n for_o which_o they_o avouch_v galen_n again_o there_o be_v no_o matter_n whereof_o this_o natural_a spirit_n shall_v be_v make_v because_o there_o be_v no_o vessel_n whereby_o air_n may_v be_v convey_v unto_o the_o liver_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o place_n for_o his_o generation_n there_o be_v no_o such_o cavity_n in_o the_o liver_n as_o be_v in_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o brain_n adhereto_fw-la reason_n 2._o reason_n that_o there_o be_v no_o current_n or_o channel_n to_o be_v find_v whereby_o it_o shall_v be_v lead_v through_o the_o body_n for_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o vein_n be_v too_o thin_a to_o hold_v or_o contain_v a_o aetherial_a spirit_n reason_n 3._o reason_n and_o true_o herophilus_n well_o conceit_v that_o therefore_o the_o artery_n be_v manifold_a six_o fold_n herophilus_n 4._o reason_n herophilus_n say_v he_o thick_a then_o the_o vein_n because_o it_o be_v make_v to_o contain_v the_o spirit_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o tenuity_n if_o they_o have_v not_o be_v enclose_v within_o strong_a wall_n will_v easy_o have_v vanish_v away_o moreover_o see_v the_o spirit_n as_o hypocrates_n say_v have_v in_o they_o a_o kind_n of_o nimble_a violence_n reason_n 5._o reason_n hypocrates_n 6._o reason_n and_o impetious_a motion_n if_o they_o be_v contain_v within_o the_o vein_n they_o will_v make_v the_o vein_n to_o beat_v as_o do_v the_o artery_n final_o if_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o the_o spirit_n do_v pass_v and_o repass_v through_o the_o vein_n yet_o with_o what_o nourshment_n shall_v they_o be_v preserve_v for_o heat_n say_v the_o great_a dictator_n hypocrates_n be_v nourish_v by_o moderate_a cold_a now_o there_o be_v no_o air_n hypocrates_n hypocrates_n lead_v unto_o the_o vein_n to_o serve_v that_o turn_n these_o and_o such_o like_a be_v the_o argument_n whereby_o they_o cashier_v this_o natural_a spirit_n which_o first_o answer_v to_o the_o former_a argument_n to_o the_o first_o if_o they_o be_v weigh_v in_o equal_a balance_n will_v be_v find_v too_o light_a to_o sway_v a_o establish_a judgement_n for_o first_o galen_n do_v not_o absolute_o deny_v that_o
very_o notable_a which_o ascend_v under_o the_o share-bone_n through_o the_o middle_a bifurcation_n to_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o yard_n and_o from_o thence_o run_v diverse_o disperse_v to_o his_o muscle_n and_o to_o his_o whole_a body_n together_o with_o the_o artery_n through_o his_o back_n as_o far_o as_o to_o the_o nut_n or_o glans_fw-la to_o give_v it_o a_o more_o exact_a sense_n especial_o the_o nut_n where_o it_o be_v of_o most_o use_n to_o stir_v up_o pleasure_n in_o the_o act_n of_o generation_n in_o be_v ganglia_fw-it what_o they_o be_v these_o nerve_n happen_v that_o tumour_n which_o we_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v a_o knotty_a tumour_n of_o a_o sinew_n resist_v the_o finger_n that_o press_v it_o yet_o not_o dolorous_a which_o ganglia_fw-it here_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o when_o the_o yard_n be_v erect_v stiff_o like_o a_o ram_n horn_n a_o falopius_n speak_v it_o be_v not_o distend_v beyond_o his_o ordinary_a magnitude_n but_o only_o grow_v full_a and_o turgid_a final_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o yard_n be_v carnous_a or_o fleshy_a table_n 4._o figure_n 1._o 2._o 3._o 4._o 5._o 7._o 9_o d_o yard_n the_o glans_fw-la or_o nu_fw-la of_o the_o yard_n and_o look_v always_o as_o if_o it_o be_v swell_v and_o indeed_o it_o have_v a_o great_a compass_n than_o any_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a trunk_n as_o archangelus_n call_v it_o of_o his_o body_n that_o like_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o glass_n still_o or_o cup_a glass_n it_o may_v gather_v more_o heat_n unto_o itself_o then_o any_o other_o part_n it_o be_v equal_a smooth_a and_o turbinate_v that_o be_v broad_a at_o the_o basis_n or_o bottom_n and_o grow_v small_a figure_n his_o figure_n yet_o keep_v his_o roundness_n even_o to_o the_o top_n much_o like_o a_o turk_n cap_n or_o turban_n and_o it_o be_v call_v glans_fw-la or_o the_o nut_n of_o the_o yard_n and_o it_o be_v gird_v with_o a_o circle_n like_o a_o crown_n it_o be_v very_o soft_a that_o it_o may_v not_o offend_v the_o womb_n somewhat_o acuminate_v or_o sharpen_v also_o at_o the_o top_n the_o better_a to_o fit_v it_o for_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o matrixe_n of_o exquisite_a sense_n it_o be_v that_o in_o the_o attrition_n and_o substance_n substance_n motion_n together_o with_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o imagination_n which_o be_v most_o powerful_a in_o both_o sex_n in_o the_o matter_n of_o procreation_n the_o seed_n may_v be_v more_o plentiful_o ejaculate_v it_o be_v cover_v with_o a_o fine_a membrane_n produce_v from_o that_o membrane_n which_o we_o say_v before_o membrane_n his_o membrane_n do_v encompass_v the_o pipe_n or_o canale_n and_o it_o grow_v not_o unlike_a to_o a_o mushrum_fw-la upon_o the_o head_n of_o the_o two_o body_n of_o the_o yard_n it_o be_v as_o we_o say_v of_o a_o spungy_a substance_n which_o yet_o be_v not_o hollow_a within_o but_o somewhat_o more_o solid_a and_o firm_a than_o other_o ordinary_a spungy_a body_n but_o that_o it_o may_v be_v keep_v smooth_a soft_a and_o glib_a it_o have_v a_o cover_n which_o arise_v from_o foreskin_n the_o prepuce_fw-la or_o foreskin_n the_o skin_n of_o the_o yard_n bring_v forward_o and_o again_o reflect_v or_o return_v which_o the_o grecian_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d galen_n in_o his_o 15._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n call_v it_o cutis_fw-la epiphysin_n in_o latin_a praeputium_fw-la we_o call_v it_o the_o foreskin_n that_o part_n which_o hang_v over_o the_o end_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o in_o coition_n it_o be_v move_v up_o and_o down_o that_o in_o this_o attrition_n it_o may_v gather_v more_o heat_n and_o increase_v the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o other_o sex_n some_o say_v it_o be_v ordain_v for_o ornament_n also_o and_o not_o without_o good_a reason_n because_o upon_o the_o more_o dishonest_a part_n god_n &_o nature_n or_o rather_o the_o god_n of_o nature_n have_v put_v the_o more_o honour_n that_o be_v the_o more_o cover_v this_o foreskin_n in_o the_o end_n of_o it_o be_v sometime_o so_o contract_v or_o draw_v together_o that_o it_o can_v be_v draw_v back_o nor_o the_o nut_n discover_v without_o the_o help_n of_o a_o chirurgeon_n but_o when_o the_o nut_n be_v uncover_v that_o it_o may_v recover_v his_o cover_n again_o this_o prepuce_fw-la be_v tie_v in_o the_o low_a part_n with_o a_o membranous_a band_n or_o tie_v which_o the_o greek_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d some_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d vinculum_fw-la caninum_fw-la the_o latin_n frenum_fw-la in_o english_a the_o bridle_n archangelus_n call_v it_o a_o ligament_n other_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v make_v of_o the_o extremity_n or_o end_n of_o the_o sinew_n and_o this_o be_v it_o which_o bridle_v or_o reyn_v up_o the_o foreskin_n on_o the_o low_a side_n to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o nut._n it_o also_o further_v the_o prosusion_n of_o seed_n communicate_v by_o the_o canale_n motion_n and_o heat_n to_o the_o prostrate_a glandule_n which_o contain_v the_o seed_n ready_a for_o ejaculation_n for_o oftentimes_o in_o lustful_a disport_n or_o imagination_n if_o this_o bridle_n be_v but_o light_o move_v the_o seed_n will_v incontinent_o issue_v forth_o even_o as_o after_o a_o full_a meal_n if_o a_o man_n but_o touch_n the_o end_n of_o his_o throat_n with_o his_o finger_n the_o stomach_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o continuity_n of_o the_o part_n contract_v itself_o and_o return_v the_o crapula_fw-la or_o undigested_a gobbet_n into_o the_o lap_n by_o vomit_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o this_o nut_n be_v a_o passage_n or_o hole_n through_o which_o both_o the_o seed_n and_o the_o urine_n be_v pour_v forth_o for_o it_o compass_v the_o common_a canale_n at_o which_o place_n it_o be_v large_a but_o present_o be_v contract_v again_o that_o the_o seed_n have_v there_o a_o kind_n of_o momentanie_n stay_v or_o stop_v may_v procure_v more_o pleasure_n in_o this_o part_n wherefore_o those_o that_o labour_n of_o the_o gonorrhaea_n cause_v by_o the_o acrimony_n of_o rot_a seed_n heap_v up_o in_o this_o large_a place_n be_v here_o torture_v with_o ulcer_n it_o the_o use_n of_o it_o the_o use_n of_o the_o yard_n be_v as_o have_v be_v say_v in_o the_o particular_a part_n thereof_o only_o we_o will_v add_v that_o the_o avoid_v of_o urine_n be_v not_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o make_n of_o this_o member_n for_o we_o see_v woman_n make_v water_n without_o it_o but_o for_o procreation_n even_o as_o nature_n have_v ordain_v the_o nose_n for_o smell_v yet_o she_o use_v it_o secondary_o for_o purge_v the_o mucous_a excrement_n of_o the_o brain_n so_o upon_o a_o second_o intention_n this_o member_n serve_v to_o derive_v away_o the_o urine_n wherewith_o otherwise_o we_o shall_v light_o defile_v ourselves_o and_o thus_o much_o shall_v suffice_v for_o the_o part_n of_o generation_n in_o man_n wherein_o i_o have_v be_v indeed_o as_o particular_a as_o the_o anatomicall_a history_n do_v require_v but_o yet_o withal_o hope_v i_o shall_v find_v pardon_n because_o the_o reader_n may_v perceive_v at_o least_o if_o he_o have_v any_o knowledge_n that_o i_o have_v pretermit_v many_o secret_n of_o nature_n which_o i_o can_v and_o will_v here_o have_v somewhat_o insist_v upon_o if_o i_o have_v imagine_v that_o all_o into_o who_o hand_n this_o work_n shall_v come_v have_v be_v competent_a and_o fit_a auditor_n for_o such_o kind_n of_o philosophy_n chap._n ix_o of_o the_o proportion_n of_o these_o part_n both_o in_o man_n and_o woman_n it_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o galen_n in_o his_o 14._o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la and_o the_o 11._o chapter_n that_o woman_n have_v all_o those_o part_n belong_v to_o generation_n which_o man_n have_v although_o in_o these_o they_o appear_v outward_a at_o the_o perinaeum_n or_o interfoeminium_n in_o those_o they_o be_v for_o want_v of_o heat_n retain_v within_o for_o see_v woman_n the_o same_o part_n of_o generation_n in_o man_n and_o woman_n a_o woman_n be_v beget_v of_o a_o man_n and_o perfect_a also_o in_o makind_n for_o nature_n imperfection_n be_v not_o so_o ordinary_a it_o be_v reasonable_a that_o the_o substance_n yea_o and_o the_o shape_n of_o the_o part_n in_o both_o fex_n shall_v be_v alike_o as_o come_v from_o one_o and_o the_o same_o set_v as_o it_o be_v of_o cause_n neither_o be_v it_o so_o uncouth_a in_o nature_n that_o those_o part_n which_o in_o some_o creature_n be_v prominent_a and_o apparent_a shall_v in_o other_o be_v veil_v and_o cover_v for_o mole_n indeed_o be_v not_o without_o eye_n but_o have_v they_o lie_v deep_o in_o their_o head_n and_o overcover_v whence_o virgil_n say_v aut_fw-la oculis_fw-la captifodere_fw-la cubilia_fw-la talpae_fw-la that_o be_v georg_n virgil_n 1._o georg_n or_o hoodwinked_a moale_n have_v dig_v their_o bower_n so_o we_o call_v
usu_fw-la partium_fw-la and_o the_o 9_o chapter_n may_v take_v to_o itself_o some_o small_a portion_n of_o whaey_v humidity_n which_o may_v by_o his_o acrimony_n stir_v up_o his_o action_n pleasure_n a_o cause_n of_o pleasure_n and_o procure_v pleasure_n as_o we_o see_v the_o whaey_v humour_n that_o be_v gather_v under_o the_o skin_n if_o they_o be_v heat_v they_o stir_v up_o itch_a and_o a_o kind_n of_o pleasure_n withal_o by_o this_o vein_n also_o the_o chief_a part_n of_o the_o menstrual_a blood_n especial_o in_o woman_n but_o not_o with_o child_n do_v flow_v forth_o hypogastricall_a the_o vein_n from_o the_o hypogastricall_a the_o other_o vein_n arise_v from_o the_o hypogastricall_a branch_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n at_o the_o side_n of_o the_o great_a bone_n about_o the_o share_n it_o be_v the_o great_a and_z ascend_v by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o neck_n unto_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o womb_n where_o it_o mingle_v itself_o with_o the_o former_a this_o be_v distribute_v partly_o through_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o womb_n partly_o through_o the_o neck_n of_o it_o but_o the_o vessel_n that_o pass_v through_o the_o bottom_n be_v always_o unite_v which_o say_v fallopius_n anatomist_n have_v much_o neglect_v by_o some_o branch_n and_o that_o either_o without_o the_o womb_n or_o in_o his_o substance_n without_o the_o womb_n the_o bough_n of_o the_o upper_a vein_n be_v join_v with_o the_o small_a branch_n of_o the_o low_a at_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o womb_n tab._n 9_o fig._n 2_o e_fw-it with_o h_z where_o on_o both_o side_n there_o be_v many_o vessel_n and_o those_o notable_a one_o finger-fanged_n or_o place_v like_o cross_a finger_n and_o be_v unite_v do_v pass_v into_o his_o substance_n and_o end_n or_o open_v into_o the_o cavity_n which_o anastomosis_n or_o inoculation_n of_o vein_n be_v more_o conspicuous_a in_o woman_n with_o child_n and_o those_o who_o course_n do_v slow_a or_o be_v near_o upon_o it_o but_o if_o they_o be_v not_o unite_v then_o from_o the_o low_a vein_n some_o branch_n be_v carry_v upward_o to_o be_v plant_v in_o the_o bottom_n the_o branch_n of_o this_o hypogastricall_a vein_n be_v enter_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o womb_n do_v be_v acetabula_fw-la and_o cotelydones_n what_o they_o be_v mingle_v themselves_o with_o the_o upper_a branch_n proceed_v from_o the_o spermaticall_a and_o the_o mouth_n or_o extremity_n of_o they_o reach_v unto_o the_o inner_a cavity_n of_o it_o and_o be_v call_v cotelydones_n and_o acetabula_fw-la to_o which_o in_o the_o conception_n the_o liver_n of_o the_o womb_n or_o the_o after_o birth_n do_v cleave_v from_o whence_o the_o infant_n receive_v aliment_n through_o the_o umbilicall_a vessel_n and_o by_o which_o it_o be_v tie_v to_o the_o womb_n through_o these_o there_o arrive_v more_o blood_n at_o the_o womb_n than_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o nourishment_n thereof_o all_o the_o while_n the_o woman_n be_v child_a that_o when_o conception_n shall_v happen_v to_o be_v there_o may_v be_v some_o quantity_n of_o the_o mother_n blood_n at_o hand_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o principle_n of_o generation_n as_o also_o that_o when_o the_o infant_n be_v beget_v and_o do_v increase_v it_o may_v not_o want_v aliment_n according_a to_o that_o proportion_n it_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o all_o which_o blood_n after_o the_o infant_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o world_n return_v back_o to_o the_o breast_n and_o there_o be_v turn_v into_o milk_n tabula_fw-la xiii_o the_o first_o figure_n show_v a_o infant_n of_o 14._o day_n old_a in_o which_o all_o the_o part_n be_v exact_o delineate_v fig_n ii_o the_o second_o figure_n show_v a_o abortive_a infant_n which_o be_v avoid_v the_o twenty-five_o day_n after_o conception_n be_v deprive_v of_o blood_n to_o nourish_v it_o because_o the_o umbilical_a vessel_n be_v break_v the_o magnitude_n of_o that_o infant_n be_v perfect_o describe_v final_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o low_a vein_n be_v insert_v into_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o womb_n tab._n 9_o fig._n 2_o e_fw-it vein_n the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o hipogastrical_a vein_n whether_o if_o too_o much_o blood_n be_v bring_v by_o the_o spermaticke_a vessel_n whilst_o the_o woman_n be_v with_o child_n it_o be_v exonerate_v not_o by_o the_o orifice_n or_o mouth_n of_o the_o womb_n but_o by_o the_o anastomosis_n or_o inoculation_n of_o the_o vein_n into_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o same_o wherefore_o by_o these_o vein_n be_v some_o woman_n with_o child_n evacuate_v which_o have_v plethoricall_a and_o full_a body_n and_o course_n how_o and_o by_o what_o way_n woman_n with_o child_n have_v their_o course_n so_o more_o affluence_n of_o blood_n in_o the_o first_o month_n after_o their_o conception_n then_o be_v require_v for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o infant_n and_o not_o by_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o womb_n as_o otherwise_o in_o maid_n and_o woman_n the_o menstrual_a blood_n use_v to_o be_v purge_v otherwise_o the_o infant_n will_v be_v choke_v with_o the_o abundance_n of_o blood_n and_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o womb_n must_v necessary_o be_v open_v which_o will_v bring_v a_o danger_n of_o abortment_n that_o which_o we_o have_v say_v of_o the_o vein_n we_o must_v say_v of_o the_o artery_n which_o accompany_v use_n of_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o womb_n their_o use_n they_o who_o use_n also_o be_v in_o those_o that_o be_v not_o with_o child_n to_o increase_v the_o heat_n of_o the_o womb_n to_o bring_v unto_o it_o spirit_n and_o vital_a blood_n together_o with_o vital_a faculty_n and_o heat_n and_o by_o their_o motion_n to_o ventilate_v or_o breathe_v the_o inbred_a heat_n to_o stir_v the_o blood_n and_o so_o to_o preserve_v it_o from_o putrefaction_n but_o whether_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o course_n the_o arterial_a blood_n be_v also_o evacuate_v we_o ingenuous_o confess_v ourselves_o to_o be_v ignorant_a say_v bauhine_v sure_o we_o be_v that_o from_o these_o forename_a vessel_n or_o that_o which_o be_v call_v the_o lap_n or_o privy_a vein_n there_o be_v carry_v certain_a small_a vein_n and_o artery_n to_o the_o lap_n and_o the_o hillock_n or_o caruncle_n thereof_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o womb_n though_o they_o be_v small_a yet_o be_v they_o very_o many_o implicate_v or_o couch_v one_o within_o another_o like_o a_o net_n that_o they_o may_v confer_v exquisite_a sense_n unto_o it_o to_o the_o womb_n the_o nerve_n of_o the_o womb_n high_a part_n of_o the_o bottom_n of_o it_o they_o come_v from_o the_o termination_n of_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o sixth_o conjugation_n which_o go_v unto_o the_o root_n of_o the_o rib_n to_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o bottom_n and_o to_o the_o neck_n from_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o loin_n and_o the_o great_a bone_n whence_o be_v that_o admirable_a consent_n between_o the_o womb_n and_o the_o head_n especial_o the_o backpart_n of_o it_o that_o feel_v those_o thing_n pleasure_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o conseâ—t_n between_o the_o womb_n &_o the_o head_n a_o cause_n of_o pleasure_n that_o be_v troublesome_a the_o expelling_a faculty_n may_v be_v provoke_v and_o pleasure_n also_o conceive_v in_o coition_n therefore_o about_o the_o low_a part_n they_o be_v more_o plentiful_a as_o also_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o womb_n wherein_o it_o draw_v and_o embrace_v the_o seed_n of_o the_o man_n quicken_v and_o strengthen_v for_o there_o be_v certain_a fleshy_a fibre_n in_o the_o womb_n as_o we_o have_v show_v already_o which_o be_v in_o stead_n of_o small_a muscle_n and_o thus_o far_o of_o the_o simple_a and_o similar_v part_n of_o the_o womb_n or_o matrix_fw-la now_o follow_v the_o compound_n or_o dissimilar_v chap._n xiiii_o of_o the_o simple_a or_o similar_v part_n of_o the_o womb_n and_o particular_o of_o the_o bottom_n and_o the_o orifice_n although_o from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o womb_n to_o the_o very_a lap_n or_o privity_n there_o be_v but_o one_o continuate_v passage_n yet_o because_o in_o it_o there_o be_v many_o and_o diverse_a womb_n the_o part_n of_o the_o womb_n part_n therefore_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o upper_a part_n or_o the_o bottom_n the_o mouth_n or_o inward_a orifice_n of_o the_o neck_n the_o neck_n itself_o and_o the_o outward_a privity_n or_o lap_n the_o bottom_n which_o be_v proper_o the_o womb_n &_o the_o matrix_fw-la hippoc._n in_o his_o book_n the_o nat_n pveri_fw-la call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d sinus_fw-la the_o bosom_n galen_n so_o also_o lib._n 14_o &_o 15._o de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la &_o the_o 3._o sole_n the_o bottom_n or_o sole_n chapter_n and_o sometime_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v a_o cavity_n or_o hollowness_n this_o be_v the_o chief_a of_o all_o the_o part_n of_o it_o because_o for_o it_o all_o the_o other_o part_n be_v make_v for_o in_o it_o be_v the_o infant_n conceive_v of_o the_o seed_n that_o we_o may_v so_o say_v
diwlsion_n sense_n sense_n appetite_n be_v call_v animal_n and_o yet_o the_o motion_n whereby_o the_o greedy_a stomach_n sometime_o snatch_v unchewed_a meat_n even_o out_o of_o the_o mouth_n be_v natural_a so_o the_o erection_n of_o this_o member_n because_o it_o be_v with_o sense_n and_o imagination_n be_v say_v to_o be_v animal_n but_o the_o local_a motion_n whereby_o it_o be_v mathematical_o enlarge_v be_v natural_a arise_v from_o the_o inbred_a faculty_n of_o the_o ligament_n such_o be_v also_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o womb_n when_o it_o draw_v seed_n and_o of_o the_o heart_n when_o it_o draw_v into_o itself_o air_n and_o blood_n yet_o it_o must_v be_v confess_v that_o this_o natural_a motion_n be_v holpen_v by_o the_o animal_n because_o the_o four_o muscle_n before_o mention_v though_o they_o be_v very_o small_a yet_o they_o help_v to_o enlarge_v the_o distension_n and_o do_v also_o for_o a_o time_n keep_v it_o so_o distend_v if_o it_o be_v object_v that_o in_o the_o run_n of_o the_o rein_v call_v the_o venereal_a gonorrhaea_n there_o objection_n objection_n be_v erection_n without_o imagination_n or_o pleasure_n yea_o with_o pain_n i_o answer_v with_o galen_n that_o there_o be_v a_o twofould_a erection_n one_o according_a to_o nature_n another_o unnatural_a the_o first_o be_v from_o solution_n solution_n the_o ingenit_fw-la faculty_n of_o the_o hollow_a ligament_n the_o other_o be_v symptomatical_a the_o first_o with_o pleasure_n the_o other_o without_o it_o yea_o with_o pain_n in_o the_o first_o the_o yard_n be_v first_o distend_v and_o after_o fill_v with_o a_o vaporous_a spirit_n in_o the_o latter_a it_o be_v first_o fill_v then_o after_o distend_v in_o a_o word_n comparison_n comparison_n there_o be_v the_o same_o difference_n between_o these_o two_o distention_n which_o be_v between_o the_o two_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n in_o the_o natural_a motion_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o be_v accomplish_v by_o the_o vital_a faculty_n because_o the_o heart_n be_v dilate_v it_o be_v fill_v with_o air_n and_o blood_n and_o because_o it_o be_v contract_v it_o be_v empty_v but_o in_o the_o deprave_a palpitation_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o heart_n be_v distend_v because_o it_o be_v fill_v so_o smith_n bellows_n because_o they_o be_v dilate_v be_v present_o fill_v with_o air_n for_o the_o avoid_n of_o vacuity_n but_o bottle_n be_v distend_v because_o they_o be_v fill_v with_o wine_n or_o water_n wherefore_o the_o natural_a erection_n ever_o follow_v imagination_n and_o have_v pleasure_n accompany_v it_o but_o the_o unnatural_a which_o galen_n call_v priapismus_n be_v altogether_o without_o priapismus_fw-la priapismus_fw-la lust_n or_o appetite_n the_o cause_n of_o this_o be_v a_o plenitude_n of_o thick_a &_o crass_a wind_n prove_v because_o the_o motion_n be_v so_o sudden_a and_o so_o violent_a for_o all_o violent_a and_o sudden_a motion_n be_v of_o wind_n not_o of_o it_o the_o cause_n of_o it_o humour_n as_o galen_n say_v and_o this_o wind_n or_o vapour_n be_v generate_v either_o in_o the_o hollow_a nerve_n and_o ligament_n or_o be_v thither_o bring_v by_o the_o open_a passage_n of_o the_o artery_n but_o of_o what_o sure_o of_o crass_a and_o thick_a humour_n and_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o melancholy_a man_n be_v most_o trouble_v with_o this_o unnatural_a erection_n as_o also_o be_v leper_n and_o therefore_o the_o ancient_n call_v the_o why_o melancholy_a man_n subject_a to_o it_o and_o why_o leprosy_n satyriasis_n and_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o part_n of_o generation_n in_o man_n now_o it_o follow_v concern_v those_o of_o woman_n qvest._n viii_o how_o the_o part_n of_o generation_n in_o man_n and_o woman_n do_v differ_v concern_v the_o part_n of_o generation_n in_o woman_n it_o be_v a_o great_a and_o notable_a question_n situation_n whether_o the_o part_n of_o generation_n in_o man_n and_o woman_n do_v only_o differ_v in_o situation_n whether_o they_o differ_v only_o in_o situation_n from_o those_o of_o man_n for_o the_o ancient_n have_v think_v that_o a_o woman_n may_v become_v a_o man_n but_o not_o on_o the_o contrary_a side_n a_o man_n become_v a_o woman_n for_o they_o say_v that_o the_o part_n of_o generation_n in_o women_o hide_v because_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o natural_a heat_n be_v weak_a than_o in_o man_n in_o who_o it_o thrust_v those_o part_n outward_a woman_n have_v spermaticall_a vessel_n aswell_o prepare_v as_o lead_v vessel_n and_o it_o reason_n for_o it_o testicle_n which_o boil_v the_o blood_n and_o a_o kind_n of_o yard_n also_o which_o they_o say_v be_v the_o neck_n of_o the_o womb_n if_o it_o be_v invert_v final_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o womb_n distinguish_v by_o the_o middle_a line_n be_v the_o very_a same_o with_o the_o cod_n or_o scrotum_fw-la this_o galen_n often_o urge_v in_o diverse_a of_o his_o work_n as_o before_o be_v say_v so_o aegineta_n avicen_n rhasis_n and_o all_o of_o the_o greek_a and_o arabian_a family_n author_n author_n with_o who_o all_o anatomist_n do_v consent_n for_o confirmation_n also_o hereof_o there_o be_v many_o story_n current_a among_o ancient_a and_o modern_a writer_n of_o many_o woman_n turn_v into_o man_n some_o of_o which_o we_o will_v not_o here_o think_v much_o to_o remember_v first_o therefore_o we_o read_v that_o at_o rome_n when_o licinius_n crassus_n and_o cassius_n longinus_n be_v consul_n the_o servant_n of_o one_o cassinus_fw-la maid-servant_n example_n cassinus_fw-la maid-servant_n of_o a_o maid_n become_v a_o young_a man_n and_o be_v thereupon_o lead_v aside_o into_o the_o desert_n island_n of_o the_o soothsayer_n mutianus_n licinius_n report_v that_o at_o argos_n in_o greece_n he_o see_v a_o maid_n name_v arescusa_n who_o after_o she_o be_v marry_v become_v a_o man_n and_o have_v a_o beard_n and_o after_o marry_v arescusa_n arescusa_n another_o woman_n by_o who_o she_o have_v issue_n pliny_n also_o write_v that_o he_o see_v in_o africa_n p._n cossitius_fw-la a_o citizen_n of_o tisdetra_n who_o of_o a_o woman_n the_o day_n before_o become_v a_o man_n the_o next_o day_n the_o hyaena_fw-la also_o asleep_o cruel_a and_o subtle_a beast_n hyaena_fw-la cossitius_fw-la the_o hyaena_fw-la do_v every_o other_o year_n change_v her_o sex_n of_o who_o ovid_n in_o the_o xv_o of_o his_o metamorphosis_n say_v et_fw-la quae_fw-la modo_fw-la foemina_fw-la tergo_fw-la passa_fw-la marem_fw-la nunc_fw-la esse_fw-la marem_fw-la miramur_fw-la hyaenam_fw-la the_o same_o hyaena_fw-la which_o we_o see_v admit_v the_o male_a before_o to_o cover_v now_o her_o female_a mate_n we_o can_v but_o wonder_v sore_a pontanus_n have_v the_o same_o of_o iphis_n in_o a_o elegant_a verse_n iphis._n iphis._n vota_fw-la pver_fw-la soluit_fw-la quae_fw-la foemina_fw-la voverat_fw-la iphis._n iphis_n her_o vow_n benempt_v a_o maid_n but_o turn_v boy_n her_o vow_n she_o pay_v of_o late_a time_n volateran_n a_o cardinal_n say_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o pope_n alexander_n the_o sixth_o he_o auscis_fw-la a_o story_n of_o volateran_n the_o cardinal_n another_o in_o auscis_fw-la see_v at_o rome_n a_o virgin_n who_o on_o the_o day_n of_o her_o marriage_n have_v sudden_o a_o virile_a member_n grow_v out_o of_o her_o body_n we_o read_v also_o that_o there_o be_v at_o auscis_fw-la in_o vasconia_n a_o man_n of_o above_o sixty_o year_n of_o age_n grey_a strong_a and_o hairy_a who_o have_v be_v before_o a_o woman_n till_o the_o age_n of_o xv_o year_n or_o till_o within_o xv_o year_n of_o threescore_o yet_o at_o length_n by_o accident_n of_o a_o fall_n the_o ligament_n say_v my_o author_n be_v break_v her_o privity_n come_v outward_a and_o she_o change_v her_o sex_n before_o which_o change_n she_o have_v never_o have_v her_o couse_n pontanus_n witness_v that_o a_o fisherman_n emilia_n a_o fisherman_n wench_n of_o caieta_n emilia_n wench_n of_o caieta_n of_o fourteen_o year_n old_a become_v sudden_o a_o young_a springal_n the_o same_o happen_v to_o emilia_n the_o wise_a of_o antony_n spensa_fw-la a_o citizen_n of_o ebula_n when_o she_o have_v be_v twelve_n year_n a_o marry_a woman_n in_o the_o time_n of_o ferdinand_n the_o first_o k._n of_o naples_n carlota_n and_o francisca_n the_o daughter_n of_o ludovike_a phaetusa_n carlota_n and_o francisca_n amatus_fw-la lusitinus_n his_o story_n hypocrates_n his_o phaetusa_n quarna_n of_o salernum_n when_o they_o be_v 15._o year_n old_a change_v their_o sex_n amatus_fw-la lusitanus_n testify_v in_o his_o century_n that_o he_o see_v the_o same_o at_o conibrica_n a_o famous_a town_n of_o portugal_n there_o stand_v upon_o record_n in_o the_o eight_o section_n of_o the_o sixth_o book_n of_o hypocrates_n his_o epidemia_n a_o elegant_a history_n of_o one_o phaetusa_n who_o when_o her_o husband_n be_v banish_v be_v so_o overgrow_v with_o sorrow_n that_o before_o her_o time_n her_o course_n utter_o stop_v and_o her_o body_n become_v manlike_a &_o hairy_a all_o over_o and_o she_o have_v a_o beard_n and_o her_o voice_n grow_v strong_a the_o same_o also_o
the_o controversy_n of_o the_o four_o book_n the_o five_o book_n wherein_o the_o history_n of_o the_o infant_n be_v acurate_o describe_v as_o also_o the_o principle_n of_o generation_n the_o conception_n the_o conformation_n the_o nourishment_n the_o life_n the_o motion_n and_o the_o birth_n of_o the_o infant_n as_o near_o as_o may_v be_v according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o hypocrates_n the_o praeface_n find_v this_o follow_a discourse_n of_o the_o form_n of_o the_o infant_n in_o laurentius_n immediate_o follow_v his_o history_n of_o the_o part_n of_o generation_n and_o consider_v that_o it_o contain_v many_o thing_n not_o only_o profitable_a but_o pleasant_a also_o i_o think_v good_a gentle_a reader_n to_o make_v thou_o partaker_n thereof_o and_o the_o rather_o i_o here_o to_o persuade_v myself_o because_o at_o the_o first_o sight_n i_o conceive_v that_o myself_o also_o in_o this_o my_o conception_n shall_v find_v pleasure_n but_o it_o happen_v all_o otherwise_o with_o i_o than_o it_o be_v in_o natural_a generation_n where_o the_o infant_n be_v beget_v in_o pleasure_n though_o bring_v forth_o in_o pain_n for_o this_o i_o assure_v thou_o be_v beget_v with_o much_o pain_n &_o travail_n and_o if_o thy_o gentle_a hand_n help_v not_o in_o the_o birth_n that_o also_o will_v be_v very_o irksome_a i_o know_v i_o shall_v be_v tax_v by_o some_o for_o hang_v too_o long_o in_o this_o argument_n but_o i_o also_o know_v that_o all_o the_o authority_n blame_n have_v be_v from_o the_o author_n thereof_o the_o subject_n of_o our_o present_a discourse_n be_v the_o history_n of_o the_o infant_n of_o the_o principle_n of_o his_o generation_n his_o conception_n conformation_n nourishment_n life_n motion_n and_o birth_n very_o a_o knotty_a &_o snarl_a skaine_n to_o unreele_v a_o thicket_n wherein_o he_o that_o haste_v with_o bold_a rashness_n follow_v the_o argument_n of_o the_o book_n follow_v and_o temerity_n shall_v offend_v &_o stumble_v at_o every_o step_n he_o that_o be_v diligent_a shall_v entangle_v himself_o and_o he_o that_o be_v guide_v by_o blind_a ignorance_n shall_v light_v upon_o pit_n and_o bog_n so_o that_o it_o will_v be_v impossible_a for_o any_o man_n that_o enter_v into_o these_o list_n fair_o to_o acquit_v himself_o the_o further_a he_o wade_v in_o this_o river_n the_o great_a confluence_n of_o water_n will_v overtake_v he_o the_o deep_a must_v he_o sound_v if_o he_o will_v find_v the_o bottom_n we_o begin_v with_o the_o seed_n which_o be_v like_o the_o chaos_n upon_o which_o as_o the_o spirit_n of_o god_n move_v whilst_o it_o be_v without_o form_n first_o to_o preserve_v it_o &_o after_o to_o distinguish_v it_o so_o it_o be_v in_o this_o mass_n seed_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o infant_n production_n outof_o the_o seed_n of_o seed_n the_o formative_a spirit_n brood_v it_o first_o after_o as_o a_o spider_n in_o the_o centre_n of_o her_o lawnie_a canopy_n with_o admirable_a skill_n weave_v her_o cypress_n web_n first_o hang_v it_o by_o slender_a tie_n to_o the_o roose_n and_o after_o knit_v she_o enter_v braid_v yarn_n into_o a_o curious_a net_n so_o the_o spirit_n first_o fasten_v the_o seed_n to_o the_o womb_n with_o membrane_n and_o ligament_n after_o distinguish_v it_o into_o certain_a spermaticall_a thread_n which_o we_o call_v stamina_fw-la corporis_fw-la the_o warp_n of_o the_o body_n to_o these_o when_o the_o second_o principle_n which_o be_v the_o mother_n blood_n accru_v it_o fill_v up_o their_o void_a distance_n and_o so_o amass_v they_o into_o a_o solid_a body_n which_o every_o day_n be_v nourish_v and_o increase_v into_o all_o dimension_n furnish_v also_o with_o motion_n sense_n and_o final_o with_o a_o reasonable_a soul_n then_o as_o impatient_a of_o so_o close_a imprisonment_n as_o unsatisfied_a with_o so_o slender_a allowance_n it_o instant_o strive_v till_o this_o little_a world_n arrive_v into_o the_o great_a after_o we_o have_v thus_o perfect_v the_o history_n we_o descend_v unto_o the_o many_o and_o busy_a controversy_n depend_v thereupon_o these_o concern_v the_o difference_n of_o the_o sex_n the_o nature_n of_o book_n the_o controversy_n contain_v in_o this_o book_n the_o seed_n with_o the_o manner_n of_o his_o excretion_n the_o quality_n of_o the_o mother_n blood_n the_o accident_n happen_v unto_o we_o therefrom_o with_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o monthly_a evacuation_n of_o the_o same_o the_o manner_n of_o conception_n as_o well_o lawful_a both_o simple_a double_a &_o manifold_a as_o illegitimate_a and_o monstrous_a the_o order_n and_o time_n of_o conformation_n not_o only_o of_o the_o infant_n itself_o but_o also_o of_o the_o membrane_n and_o vessel_n to_o which_o it_o be_v fasten_v the_o similitude_n of_o the_o child_n to_o their_o parent_n the_o admirable_a effect_n of_o the_o imagination_n the_o cause_n of_o superfoetation_n the_o manner_n &_o matter_n of_o the_o infant_n norishment_n the_o admirable_a union_n and_o communion_n of_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o heart_n how_o he_o breathe_v by_o transpiration_n not_o by_o respiration_n the_o work_n of_o his_o vital_a &_o animal_n spirit_n his_o situation_n or_o position_n in_o the_o womb_n and_o final_o the_o nature_n difference_n time_n and_o cause_n of_o his_o birth_n together_o with_o the_o consequence_n thereof_o all_o these_o with_o many_o more_o fall_v in_o with_o our_o disputation_n we_o here_o exhibit_v for_o their_o satisfaction_n who_o they_o may_v concern_v &_o who_o be_v more_o desirous_a to_o know_v they_o then_o able_a of_o themselves_o to_o attain_v thereto_o chap._n i._n what_o thing_n be_v necessary_a towards_o a_o perfect_a generation_n the_o propagation_n of_o kind_n as_o it_o be_v make_v in_o the_o element_n by_o transmutation_n and_o in_o metal_n by_o apposition_n so_o it_o be_v in_o creature_n by_o generation_n but_o of_o generation_n there_o be_v diverse_a manner_n diverse_a the_o propagation_n of_o kind_n diverse_a for_o some_o creature_n engender_v without_o coition_n only_o by_o affrication_n other_o quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o nature_n by_o a_o reception_n of_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o female_a some_o female_n also_o do_v engender_v within_o themselves_o without_o the_o help_n of_o the_o male_a there_o be_v also_o some_o creature_n which_o be_v engender_v only_o by_o putrefaction_n without_o either_o male_a or_o female_a other_o be_v sometime_o breed_v out_o of_o putrefaction_n otherwhiles_a out_o of_o seed_n but_o all_o these_o kind_n of_o generation_n be_v maim_v and_o imperfect_a and_o therefore_o the_o animalia_fw-la insecta_fw-la animalia_fw-la creature_n so_o procreate_v be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d unbloodye_n and_o insectile_a creature_n of_o which_o a_o man_n of_o worthy_a memory_n among_o we_o d._n muffet_n have_v write_v a_o learned_a and_o muffet_n d._n muffet_n curious_a discourse_n which_o happy_o time_n may_v communicate_v unto_o the_o world_n the_o generation_n of_o man_n and_o of_o the_o perfect_a creature_n be_v far_o more_o noble_a as_o whereto_o three_o thing_n be_v always_o require_v a_o diversity_n or_o distinction_n of_o sex_n their_o mutual_a embracement_n and_o copulation_n generation_n three_o thing_n require_v to_o perfect_a generation_n and_o a_o permixtion_n of_o a_o certain_a matter_n yssue_v from_o they_o both_o which_o potential_o contain_v the_o idea_n or_o form_n of_o the_o particular_a part_n of_o the_o body_n and_o the_o fatal_a destiny_n of_o the_o same_o &_o this_o the_o grecian_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o distinction_n of_o the_o sex_n be_v especial_o necessary_a because_o generation_n be_v not_o accomplish_v but_o by_o seed_n which_o must_v be_v sow_v in_o a_o fruitful_a ground_n that_o be_v shed_v into_o such_o a_o place_n as_o wherein_o their_o dull_a and_o sleepy_a faculty_n may_v be_v raise_v and_o rouse_v up_o which_o we_o call_v sex_n 1_o distinction_n of_o sex_n conception_n and_o afterward_o that_o which_o be_v thus_o conceive_a may_v be_v cherish_v nourish_v and_o so_o attain_v the_o utmost_a perfection_n of_o his_o kind_n but_o because_o man_n be_v too_o hot_a to_o perform_v this_o office_n for_o his_o heat_n consume_v all_o in_o he_o and_o leave_v no_o remainder_n to_o serve_v for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o infant_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o a_o woman_n shall_v be_v create_v for_o we_o will_v insist_v now_o only_o in_o mankind_n which_o may_v afford_v not_o only_o a_o place_n wherein_o to_o cherish_v and_o conceive_v the_o seed_n but_o also_o matter_n for_o the_o nourishment_n and_o augmentation_n of_o the_o same_o both_o these_o sex_n of_o male_a and_o female_a do_v not_o differ_v in_o the_o kind_n as_o we_o call_v it_o or_o species_n that_o be_v essential_a form_n and_o perfection_n but_o only_o in_o some_o accident_n to_o wit_n in_o temper_n and_o in_o the_o structure_n and_o situation_n of_o the_o part_n of_o generation_n for_o the_o female_a sex_n as_o well_o as_o the_o male_a be_v a_o perfection_n of_o
genitura_fw-la de_fw-la morbo_fw-la sacro_fw-la or_o of_o the_o epilepsy_n &_o de_fw-fr aere_fw-la aquis_fw-la &_o locis_fw-la for_o there_o he_o say_v that_o seed_n yssu_v from_o all_o moisture_n which_o hypocrates_n hypocrates_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o body_n and_o in_o another_o place_n seed_n fall_v from_o all_o the_o part_n sound_a seed_n from_o sound_a part_n and_o sick_a or_o disease_v from_o disease_a part_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o lame_a man_n beget_v lame_a child_n bald_a man_n bald_a child_n and_o spleniticke_a man_n child_n afflict_v with_o the_o spleen_n this_o opinion_n be_v confirm_v by_o four_o reason_n first_o because_o in_o the_o act_n of_o generation_n or_o reason_n confirm_v by_o four_o reason_n copulation_n the_o whole_a body_n be_v delight_v and_o as_o it_o be_v stupefy_v with_o a_o ecstasy_n of_o pleasure_n or_o if_o you_o will_v suffer_v a_o pleasant_a convulsion_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o coition_n be_v call_v parua_fw-la epilepsia_n a_o light_a fit_a of_o the_o fall_v sickness_n as_o we_o say_v even_o now_o the_o second_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o child_n bear_v the_o character_n of_o the_o father_n imperfection_n bald_a man_n bald_a child_n lame_a man_n lame_a child_n and_o so_o likewise_o in_o all_o the_o cense_v of_o hereditary_a disease_n three_o because_o those_o that_o be_v immoderate_a in_o the_o use_n of_o venus_n do_v waste_n and_o consume_v all_o the_o part_n of_o their_o body_n final_o because_o child_n do_v resemble_v their_o parent_n in_o all_o part_n of_o their_o body_n there_o be_v a_o elegant_a history_n of_o a_o boy_n in_o calcedo_n who_o bear_v in_o his_o right_a arm_n from_o his_o history_n a_o elegant_a history_n birth_n certain_a mark_n which_o be_v sear_v before_o in_o his_o father_n right_a arm_n also_o but_o this_o opinion_n be_v gainsay_v and_o disproove_v by_o aristotle_n in_o the_o 17._o and_o 18._o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr generatione_n animalium_fw-la &_o that_o with_o weighty_a 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of_o the_o brain_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o common_a people_n think_v that_o the_o brain_n and_o marrow_n of_o the_o bone_n do_v engender_v much_o seed_n for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o this_o opinion_n there_o be_v elegant_a history_n in_o hypocrates_n book_n history_n history_n de_fw-fr aëre_fw-la aquis_fw-la et_fw-la locis_fw-la the_o first_o be_v of_o such_o man_n as_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o other_o of_o the_o scythian_n there_o be_v in_o time_n pass_v among_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o europe_n certain_a man_n call_v macrocephali_a who_o be_v have_v in_o great_a esteem_n who_o head_n be_v long_o and_o such_o be_v account_v be_v macrocephali_n what_o they_o be_v noble_a and_o generous_a spirit_n and_o therefore_o the_o nurse_n be_v wont_a to_o press_v the_o tender_a head_n of_o infant_n and_o to_o lengthen_v they_o with_o swath_n till_o at_o length_n those_o that_o by_o custom_n and_o constraint_n have_v long_a head_n beget_v child_n with_o long_a 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we_o acknowledge_v to_o be_v many_o and_o diverse_a to_o omit_v the_o rest_n we_o will_v make_v mention_n only_o of_o three_o which_o be_v the_o especial_a and_o most_o immediate_a cause_n 3._o efficient_a cause_n the_o first_o be_v the_o tickle_a of_o the_o turgid_a and_o itch_a seed_n now_o the_o seed_n be_v turgid_a that_o be_v hoven_v or_o frothy_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o impetuous_a motion_n of_o the_o spirit_n for_o seed_n without_o spirit_n such_o as_o be_v anoyd_v in_o the_o gonorrhaea_n breed_v no_o pleasure_n at_o all_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n those_o that_o abuse_v the_o use_n of_o woman_n by_o frequent_a copulation_n have_v less_o pleasure_n than_o other_o man_n because_o they_o have_v few_o spirit_n yet_o be_v not_o this_o cause_n of_o itself_o sufficient_a to_o procure_v pleasure_n such_o especial_o as_o be_v conceive_v but_o another_o cause_n be_v require_v which_o be_v the_o celerity_n or_o swiftness_n of_o the_o motion_n and_o of_o the_o excretion_n for_o as_o 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of_o the_o man_n or_o of_o the_o woman_n be_v the_o great_a it_o will_v be_v a_o vain_a and_o fruitless_a disquisition_n to_o inquire_v indeed_o the_o woman_n conceive_v pleasure_n more_o way_n that_o be_v in_o the_o avoid_n of_o her_o own_o seed_n and_o also_o in_o the_o attraction_n of_o the_o man_n for_o which_o cause_n the_o tyresian_a priest_n who_o have_v experience_n of_o both_o sex_n prefer_v answer_n the_o answer_n the_o woman_n in_o this_o kind_n but_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o man_n be_v more_o intense_a partly_o because_o his_o seed_n be_v more_o hot_a and_o spirituous_a &_o partly_o also_o because_o it_o yssu_v with_o great_a violence_n and_o with_o a_o kind_n of_o almain_n leap_n or_o subsultation_n and_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o first_o principle_n of_o generation_n that_o be_v the_o seed_n of_o both_o sex_n now_o we_o come_v to_o the_o second_o principle_n which_o be_v the_o mother_n blood_n qvest._n viii_o whether_o the_o menstrual_a blood_n have_v any_o noxious_a or_o hurtful_a quality_n therein_o concern_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o menstrual_a blood_n there_o have_v be_v and_o yet_o be_v so_o hard_a hold_n and_o so_o many_o opinion_n even_o among_o physician_n themselves_o that_o it_o be_v a_o shame_n to_o make_v mention_n of_o all_o their_o difference_n much_o more_o to_o insist_v upon_o they_o but_o because_o we_o will_v pretermit_v nothing_o that_o be_v worthy_a of_o your_o knowledge_n we_o will_v insist_v upon_o the_o chief_a head_n of_o the_o controversy_n the_o first_o of_o which_o shall_v be_v concern_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o course_n all_o man_n do_v agree_v that_o this_o blood_n be_v a_o excrement_n for_o like_o a_o superfluity_n it_o be_v every_o month_n course_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o course_n drive_v forth_o of_o the_o womb_n but_o because_o there_o be_v two_o kind_n of_o excrement_n the_o one_o natural_a and_o profitable_a the_o other_o altogether_o unprofitable_a and_o unnatural_a we_o must_v inquire_v of_o which_o kind_n this_o menstrual_a blood_n be_v that_o it_o be_v a_o unprofitable_a excrement_n and_o of_o a_o noxious_a or_o hurtful_a quality_n may_v be_v prove_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o famous_a learned_a man_n as_o also_o by_o strong_a reason_n hypocrates_n in_o his_o authority_n that_o it_o be_v ill_o quality_v hypocrates_n authority_n first_o book_n de_fw-fr morbis_fw-la mulierum_fw-la express_v the_o malignant_a quality_n thereof_o in_o these_o word_n it_o fret_v the_o earth_n like_o vinegar_n and_o gnaw_v the_o body_n of_o the_o woman_n wheresoever_o it_o light_v and_o ulcerate_v the_o part_n of_o generation_n aristotle_n in_o the_o 19_o chapter_n of_o his_o four_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la galen_n aristotle_n galen_n animalium_fw-la write_v that_o that_o kind_a of_o blood_n be_v disease_v and_o vitiate_a galen_n in_o the_o eight_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr atra_fw-la boil_n say_v that_o every_o month_n a_o superfluous_a portion_n of_o blood_n unprofitable_a not_o only_o in_o quantity_n but_o also_o in_o quality_n be_v avoid_v moses_n that_o great_a lawgiver_n as_o we_o read_v in_o holy_a scripture_n make_v a_o edict_n that_o no_o menstruous_a woman_n shall_v come_v moses_n moses_n into_o the_o sanctuary_n let_v she_o touch_v no_o holy_a thing_n nor_o enter_v into_o the_o sanctuary_n whilst_o the_o day_n of_o her_o purgation_n be_v fulfil_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o zabri_n those_o woman_n that_o have_v their_o course_n zabri_n the_o law_n of_o the_o zabri_n be_v interdict_v the_o company_n and_o society_n of_o man_n and_o the_o place_n where_o she_o do_v stand_v be_v cleanse_v by_o fire_n hesiodus_n forbid_v that_o any_o man_n shall_v frequent_v those_o bath_n where_o menstruous_a woman_n have_v bathe_v themselves_o pliny_n also_o in_o the_o 28._o chapter_n of_o his_o 7._o book_n pliny_n pliny_n &_o columella_n do_v think_v that_o this_o blood_n be_v not_o only_o vicious_a but_o poisonous_a for_o by_o the_o touch_n thereof_o the_o young_a vine_n do_v wither_v the_o bud_n of_o herb_n be_v burn_v up_o yea_o glass_n be_v infect_v columella_n columella_n with_o a_o kind_n of_o tabes_fw-la if_o a_o dog_n lick_v of_o it_o he_o will_v run_v mad_a and_o wanton_a woman_n be_v wont_a experience_n reason_n and_o experience_n to_o bewitch_v their_o lover_n with_o this_o blood_n whence_o outd_v call_v it_o lunare_fw-la virus_fw-la the_o moon_n poison_n wherefore_o it_o be_v not_o only_o superfluous_a in_o quantity_n but_o in_o the_o whole_a quality_n a_o noisome_a excrement_n this_o poisonous_a quality_n thereof_o woman_n have_v daily_a and_o lamentable_a experience_n of_o in_o their_o own_o body_n for_o if_o it_o be_v suppress_v it_o be_v a_o wonder_n to_o see_v what_o horrible_a and_o how_o many_o symptom_n do_v arise_v therefrom_o if_o say_v hypocrates_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr morbis_fw-la mulierum_fw-la it_o be_v stable_v without_o the_o womb_n it_o engender_v inflammation_n cancer_n
be_v to_o discuss_v three_o question_n the_o first_o whether_o at_o the_o same_o coition_n a_o male_a and_o a_o female_a may_v be_v procreate_v second_o whether_o twin_n be_v include_v within_o the_o same_o membrane_n and_o contain_v in_o diverse_a place_n last_o why_o twin_n be_v common_o so_o like_o one_o another_o and_o all_o these_o we_o will_v resolve_v out_o of_o hypocrates_n for_o the_o first_o we_o say_v that_o at_o once_o two_o male_n two_o conceive_v whether_o in_o one_o coition_n a_o male_a and_o a_o female_a may_v be_v conceive_v female_n a_o male_a and_o a_o female_a may_v be_v conceive_v at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o coition_n the_o manner_n be_v thus_o express_v by_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr diaeta_fw-la and_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la pveri_fw-la if_o from_o both_o parent_n masculine_a seed_n do_v issue_n then_o be_v two_o male_n generate_v if_o feminine_a seed_n two_o female_n if_o both_o masculine_a and_o feminine_a then_o of_o the_o masculine_a be_v a_o male_n conceive_v and_o a_o female_a of_o the_o feminine_a moreover_o twin_n that_o be_v both_o male_n or_o both_o female_n do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n suruive_v but_o if_o they_o prove_v a_o male_a and_o a_o female_a the_o female_a do_v scarce_o suruive_v or_o at_o least_o be_v very_o weak_a because_o it_o be_v not_o form_v and_o perfect_v at_o the_o same_o time_n wherein_o the_o male_a be_v form_v and_o perfect_v this_o aristotle_n express_v very_o plain_o in_o the_o sixth_o chapter_n of_o his_o four_o book_n de_fw-fr generatione_n animalium_fw-la if_o the_o twin_n be_v a_o male_a and_o a_o female_a they_o rare_o suruive_v because_o this_o duplication_n in_o man_n be_v unnatural_a for_o that_o the_o male_a &_o the_o female_a be_v not_o distinguish_v in_o the_o same_o time_n unless_o the_o male_n conformation_n be_v foreslow_v or_o the_o female_n overhastn_v the_o second_o question_n hypocrates_n answer_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr superfoetatione_n the_o woman_n say_v he_o that_o be_v with_o child_n with_o twin_n travel_v of_o they_o both_o in_o one_o day_n and_o if_o they_o be_v both_o of_o one_o sex_n they_o be_v contain_v in_o one_o after_o birth_n wherefore_o the_o twin_n of_o the_o same_o sex_n be_v wrap_v in_o the_o same_o membrane_n yet_o each_o of_o they_o have_v their_o particular_a umbilicall_a vessel_n but_o if_o they_o be_v of_o diverse_a sex_n they_o have_v their_o diverse_a coat_n again_o if_o they_o be_v both_o of_o one_o sex_n they_o be_v carry_v in_o the_o same_o side_n of_o the_o womb_n two_o boy_n in_o the_o right_a side_n and_o two_o wench_n in_o the_o left_a but_o if_o they_o be_v of_o different_a sex_n the_o male_a shall_v be_v conclude_v in_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o womb_n and_o the_o female_a in_o the_o left_a the_o three_o question_n be_v why_o twin_n be_v so_o very_a like_o one_o another_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr diaeta_fw-la acknowledge_v a_o threefould_a cause_n of_o this_o similitude_n first_o of_o all_o say_v he_o the_o place_n wherein_o they_o receive_v their_o augmentation_n be_v equal_a whether_o they_o be_v conceive_v in_o the_o right_n or_o in_o the_o left_a side_n of_o the_o womb_n because_o by_o a_o wonderful_a providence_n of_o nature_n the_o right_a be_v equal_a to_o the_o left_a that_o so_o the_o whole_a body_n may_v be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v equal_o balance_v again_o because_o they_o be_v conceive_v together_o last_o because_o they_o use_v the_o same_o aliment_n for_o they_o suck_v the_o same_o blood_n and_o enjoy_v the_o same_o vital_a spirit_n which_o they_o draw_v from_o their_o mother_n by_o the_o umbilicall_a artery_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o twin_n now_o we_o proceed_v to_o superfoetation_n qvest._n xxii_o how_o superfoetation_n be_v make_v why_o only_o a_o woman_n when_o she_o have_v conceive_v desire_v the_o company_n of_o the_o male_a and_o by_o what_o way_n she_o then_o elaculate_v seed_n there_o be_v so_o many_o difficulty_n concern_v the_o nature_n and_o manner_n of_o superfoetation_n that_o many_o man_n have_v imagine_v there_o can_v be_v no_o such_o thing_n but_o we_o must_v not_o give_v ear_n unto_o they_o for_o hypocrates_n write_v a_o book_n de_fw-fr superfoetatione_n &_o there_o be_v a_o notable_a example_n of_o superfoetation_n in_o his_o first_o book_n epidem_fw-la in_o a_o woman_n of_o larissa_n who_o the_o forty_o day_n after_o her_o deliverance_n of_o a_o legitimate_a superfoetation_n diverse_a example_n of_o superfoetation_n child_n avoid_v another_o preposterous_o conceive_v famous_a also_o be_v that_o birth_n of_o alcmoena_n when_o she_o bring_v forth_o hercules_n and_o iphiclus_n his_o brother_n after_o he_o aristotle_n in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o four_o book_n de_fw-fr generatione_n animalium_fw-la say_v that_o some_o creature_n admit_v superfoetation_n other_o do_v not_o admit_v it_o and_o of_o these_o that_o do_v some_o be_v able_a to_o nourish_v both_o burden_n some_o be_v not_o able_a sometime_o at_o other_o time_n they_o be_v able_a and_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr historia_fw-la animalium_fw-la he_o allege_v some_o example_n of_o superfaetation_n a_o certain_a adultress_n say_v he_o bring_v forth_o one_o infant_n like_o her_o husband_n another_o like_o the_o adulterer_n another_o be_v with_o child_n with_o twin_n have_v a_o three_o by_o superfaetation_n another_o bring_v forth_o one_o the_o seven_o month_n which_o die_v and_o in_o the_o nine_o be_v deliver_v of_o two_o other_o which_o do_v survive_v galen_n make_v mention_n of_o superfaetion_n but_o seldom_o rhazis_n 22._o continent_n alzaraâ—ius_n and_o anieen_n be_v all_o of_o opinion_n that_o those_o woman_n be_v subject_a to_o superfaetatation_n who_o while_o they_o be_v with_o child_n have_v their_o course_n pliny_n in_o the_o eleven_o chapter_n of_o his_o 7._o book_n write_v that_o proconnesia_n a_o servant_n accompany_v the_o same_o day_n with_o her_o master_n &_o his_o man_n and_o conceive_v by_o they_o both_o and_o bare_a either_o of_o they_o a_o son_n like_o to_o the_o father_n that_o another_o be_v deliver_v of_o a_o child_n at_o five_o month_n and_o go_v out_o her_o just_a time_n with_o a_o second_o that_o another_o be_v deliver_v of_o a_o child_n at_o seven_o month_n and_o go_v out_o her_o whole_a time_n with_o two_o twin_n beside_o dodoneus_fw-la in_o his_o observation_n tell_v story_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o there_o may_v be_v superfaetation_n now_o this_o superfaetation_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o second_o conception_n when_o a_o woman_n already_o with_o child_n accompany_v with_o a_o man_n be_v what_o superfoetation_n be_v conceive_v again_o as_o if_o it_o be_v a_o new_a conception_n above_o another_o before_o conceive_v this_o superfaetation_n or_o iterate_a conception_n be_v not_o common_a to_o all_o creature_n as_o aristotle_n teach_v in_o his_o four_o book_n de_fw-fr generatione_n animalium_fw-la to_o woman_n it_o happen_v often_o than_o to_o other_o creature_n unless_o it_o be_v hare_n and_o swine_n notwithstanding_o whensoever_o it_o happen_v it_o be_v beside_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o nature_n now_o the_o reason_n why_o superfaetation_n happen_v most_o in_o woman_n be_v because_o woman_n and_o they_o almost_o only_o after_o their_o conception_n do_v desire_v the_o company_n of_o their_o husband_n other_o creature_n when_o they_o be_v pagle_v as_o we_o say_v do_v never_o dinus_n why_o superfoetation_n belong_v most_o to_o woman_n dinus_n or_o very_o seldom_o admit_v the_o male_a but_o what_o may_v be_v reason_n hereof_o dinus_n in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o hypocrates_n book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la pveri_fw-la say_v that_o other_o creature_n after_o they_o have_v conceive_v do_v not_o desire_v the_o company_n of_o the_o male_a because_o all_o that_o which_o shall_v be_v the_o matter_n of_o new_a seed_n be_v consume_v in_o the_o nourishment_n of_o their_o young_a and_o therefore_o they_o be_v not_o goad_v with_o their_o wont_a lust_n but_o a_o woman_n because_o she_o have_v in_o her_o abundance_n of_o moisture_n have_v also_o her_o vessel_n full_a of_o seed_n from_o whence_o come_v the_o motion_n and_o sense_n of_o the_o obscene_a part_n but_o this_o reason_n i_o can_v approve_v for_o although_o the_o infant_n do_v consume_v disprove_v disprove_v almost_o all_o the_o relic_n or_o surplusage_n of_o the_o blood_n yet_o do_v it_o not_o defraud_v the_o part_n of_o the_o mother_n body_n of_o their_o convenient_a nourishment_n neither_o take_v from_o the_o testicle_n their_o proper_a faculty_n of_o draw_v and_o alter_v the_o blood_n so_o woman_n at_o sixty_o year_n old_a have_v no_o surplusage_n of_o blood_n and_o therefore_o their_o course_n fail_v yet_o they_o continue_v to_o procreate_v seed_n even_o to_o their_o extreme_a age_n which_o also_o in_o coition_n they_o avoid_v which_o though_o at_o that_o age_n it_o be_v not_o
another_o upper_a arise_v from_o it_o the_o membrane_n of_o it_o the_o pleura_fw-la with_o which_o it_o be_v compass_v for_o more_o strength_n although_o it_o have_v another_o coat_n of_o his_o own_o but_o a_o very_a thin_a one_o that_o it_o may_v be_v distinguish_v from_o all_o other_o part_n by_o proper_a circumscription_n vein_n it_o have_v arise_v from_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o hollow_a table_n 1._o m_o table_n 6._o a_o vein_n call_v phrenicae_fw-la sometime_o also_o it_o receive_v branch_n from_o the_o fatty_a vein_n call_v vein_n his_o vein_n adiposa_n which_o be_v accompany_v with_o artery_n from_o the_o great_a artery_n tab_v 1._o c_o call_v also_o phrenica_fw-la the_o vein_n table_n 1._o n._n table_n 6._o c_o the_o artery_n table_n 1._o co_z table_n 13._o kk_n the_o vein_n carry_v unto_o artery_n artery_n it_o blood_n for_o his_o nourishment_n the_o artery_n vital_a spirit_n together_o with_o the_o vital_a faculty_n &_o beside_o by_o ventilation_n with_o their_o motion_n they_o preserve_v his_o natural_a heat_n it_o have_v two_o nerve_n table_n 2._o figure_n 1._o p_o p_o proceed_n out_o of_o the_o low_a rackebone_n or_o vertebra_n of_o the_o neck_n make_v of_o three_o surcle_n on_o each_o side_n and_o this_o be_v peculiar_a to_o this_o muscle_n for_o sinew_n sinew_n other_o part_n under_o the_o patell_a bone_n or_o clavicles_a receive_v none_o from_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o neck_n propriety_n a_o propriety_n which_o nerve_n be_v carry_v through_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o chest_n be_v contort_a or_o wind_v about_o the_o mediastinum_fw-la &_o by_o it_o fasten_v and_o stay_v aloft_o lest_o they_o shall_v be_v hurt_v and_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o these_o nerve_n shall_v come_v from_o a_o upper_a place_n that_o they_o may_v more_o equal_o extend_v their_o action_n into_o every_o part_n of_o it_o wherefore_o they_o be_v disseminated_a through_o his_o whole_a above_o why_o his_o nerve_n come_v from_o above_o substance_n that_o they_o may_v afford_v unto_o it_o all_o sense_n and_o motion_n whence_o it_o be_v of_o very_o exquisite_a sense_n and_o when_o it_o be_v injure_v for_o the_o most_o part_n death_n follow_v it_o have_v two_o passage_n or_o hole_n one_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n table_n 1._o and_o table_n 2._o figure_n 2._o m_o in_o passage_n the_o passage_n the_o middle_n nervous_a part_n for_o the_o ascent_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n out_o of_o the_o upper_a and_o gibbous_a part_n of_o the_o liver_n unto_o the_o heart_n another_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n table_n 1._o and_o table_n 2._o figure_n 2._o l_o a_o little_a backwarder_n &_o great_a through_o which_o pass_v the_o oesophagus_n or_o gullet_n and_o 2._o nerve_n unto_o the_o stomach_n unto_o which_o not_o withstand_v his_o membrane_n do_v grow_v and_o encompass_v straight_o and_o very_o strong_o at_o the_o original_n or_o beginning_n of_o this_o muscle_n or_o midriff_n between_o his_o production_n tab_v peril_fw-mi his_o division_n for_o the_o artery_n and_o the_o vein_n non_fw-fr peril_fw-mi 1._o and_o table_n 2._o figure_n h_o i_o at_o the_o rackebone_n there_o be_v a_o division_n table_n 1._o and_o table_n 2._o figure_n 2._o k_n resemble_v a_o semicircle_n or_o half_a moon_n for_o the_o descent_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n &_o the_o vein_n without_o a_o peer_n or_o non_fw-fr peril_fw-mi and_o for_o nerve_n of_o the_o sixth_o pair_n fix_v to_o the_o rib_n which_o be_v carry_v under_o the_o pleura_fw-la and_o this_o division_n embrace_v the_o rackebone_n upon_o which_o the_o great_a artery_n lean_v the_o chief_a use_n of_o the_o midriff_n which_o galen_n find_v out_o as_o appeareth_z in_o the_o 15._o and_o 7._o use_n the_o use_n of_o the_o midriff_n the_o chief_a use_n chapter_n of_o his_o 5._o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la and_o which_o depend_v especial_o upon_o her_o situation_n be_v that_o it_o may_v be_v the_o organ_n or_o instrument_n of_o free_a gentle_a and_o voluntary_a respiration_n or_o breathe_n even_o as_o the_o instrument_n of_o violent_a or_o deep_a breathe_n be_v the_o 64._o muscle_n which_o be_v about_o the_o chest_n exact_o dilate_v or_o contract_v it_o for_o his_o fibre_n be_v equal_o retract_v or_o draw_v together_o all_o the_o bastard_n rib_n be_v draw_v towards_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o chest_n and_o so_o they_o draw_v the_o utmost_a part_n of_o the_o chest_n unto_o the_o rackbone_n and_o constringe_v or_o contract_v the_o low_a part_n whereupon_o the_o midriff_n be_v lift_v up_o streach_v and_o serve_v for_o expiration_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o in_o a_o dead_a body_n it_o always_o appear_v contract_v and_o streatched_a for_o the_o life_n end_v with_o expiration_n and_o if_o the_o chest_n be_v perforate_v within_o the_o rib_n or_o midriff_n it_o fall_v straight_o loose_v downward_o and_o suffer_v the_o liver_n &_o the_o stomach_n which_o before_o be_v somewhat_o suspend_v to_o fall_v but_o when_o the_o fibre_n be_v loosen_v the_o midriff_n fall_v for_o the_o bastard_n rib_n be_v loosen_v &_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o chest_n and_o consequent_o the_o lung_n be_v dilate_v &_o so_o we_o draw_v in_o breath_n wherefore_o when_o the_o midriff_n be_v hinder_v or_o affect_v then_o must_v needs_o follow_v difficulty_n of_o respiration_n as_o galen_n say_v in_o the_o 8._o chapter_n of_o his_o 4._o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la affectis_fw-la this_o motion_n according_a to_o some_o author_n archangelus_n among_o be_v of_o what_o kind_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o midriff_n be_v the_o rest_n be_v mix_v of_o a_o voluntary_a &_o a_o natural_a motion_n voluntary_a it_o be_v but_o not_o simple_o because_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n which_o urge_v and_o exact_v this_o motion_n as_o in_o respiration_n a_o necessity_n of_o cool_v the_o hart_n urge_v even_o as_o in_o unburden_v the_o belly_n &_o make_v water_n the_o excrement_n do_v urge_v and_o provoke_v the_o sphinct_a muscle_n of_o the_o fundament_n and_o of_o the_o bladder_n the_o first_o figure_n show_v the_o middle_a belly_n the_o skin_n and_o the_o muscle_n be_v cut_v away_o the_o breastbone_n also_o be_v remoove_v and_o the_o rib_n break_v that_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o chest_n the_o membrane_n thereof_o and_o the_o lung_n may_v better_a be_v discern_v tabula_fw-la ii_o fig_n i_o fig_n ii_o figure_n ii_o show_v the_o midriff_n take_v out_o of_o the_o body_n another_o use_n of_o the_o midriff_n be_v to_o ventilate_v or_o fan_v the_o hypochondria_n especial_o the_o liver_n use_n another_o use_n because_o in_o his_o convex_n or_o upper_a part_n it_o want_v artery_n to_o do_v that_o office_n as_o also_o the_o moist_a vapour_n contain_v in_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o low_a belly_n least_o be_v at_o rest_n they_o shall_v putrify_v and_o corrupt_v for_o which_o cause_n hypocrates_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr morbis_fw-la mulierum_fw-la call_v it_o the_o breather_n or_o bellows_n of_o the_o low_a belly_n another_o use_n of_o it_o be_v as_o galen_n advise_v we_o in_o the_o 9_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr motâ—_n use_n a_o three_o use_n musculorum_fw-la to_o help_v forward_o the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o excrement_n and_o the_o infant_n in_o travel_n by_o help_v the_o muscle_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la as_o we_o have_v show_v in_o the_o former_a book_n for_o which_o it_o be_v the_o more_o convenient_a because_o of_o his_o oblique_a situation_n for_o above_o it_o press_v the_o gut_n as_o it_o be_v with_o hand_n and_o so_o drive_v the_o excrement_n downward_o which_o otherwise_o may_v as_o well_o be_v exclude_v upward_o as_o downward_o if_o this_o help_n be_v not_o the_o last_o use_n be_v that_o according_a to_o plato_n it_o may_v divide_v the_o irascible_a or_o angry_a part_n and_o conceit_n the_o last_o use_n of_o the_o midriff_n plato_n aristotle_n plinâ—es_n conceit_n faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n from_o the_o concupiscible_a &_o lustful_a or_o according_a to_o aristotle_n it_o may_v distinguish_v the_o natural_a part_n from_o the_o vital_a the_o ignoble_a from_o the_o noble_a that_o the_o vapour_n which_o arise_v from_o the_o low_a part_n as_o from_o the_o sink_n of_o the_o body_n may_v not_o offend_v the_o heart_n the_o seat_n of_o life_n and_o sense_n as_o he_o think_v pliny_n ascribe_v to_o it_o the_o subtlety_n or_o niceness_n of_o the_o wit_n and_o esteem_v it_o the_o seat_n of_o mirth_n which_o appear_v by_o tickle_v for_o if_o the_o skin_n about_o the_o hypochondria_n be_v gentle_o touch_v we_o be_v tickle_v and_o laugh_v present_o but_o more_o rare_a be_v that_o of_o a_o young_a man_n in_o my_o knowledge_n who_o have_v the_o cause_n of_o a_o epilepsy_n in_o his_o foot_n which_o at_o certain_a time_n will_v rise_v up_o and_o may_v be_v stay_v by_o bind_v the_o leg_n and_o thigh_n but_o when_o the_o vapour_n or_o breath_n come_v up_o about_o the_o place_n of_o the_o midriff_n then_o will_v
a_o example_n propound_v by_o hypocrates_n for_o say_v he_o if_o you_o give_v drink_n that_o it_o be_v part_n of_o our_o drink_n a_o pig_n that_o be_v very_o dry_a water_n mingle_v with_o minium_n or_o vermilion_n and_o present_o stick_v it_o you_o shall_v find_v all_o his_o windepipe_n along_o dye_v with_o this_o colour_a drink_n some_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v generate_v from_o moist_a vapour_n and_o exhalation_n raise_v from_o the_o humour_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o drive_v forth_o by_o his_o perpetual_a motion_n and_o high_a heat_n unto_o the_o pericardium_n by_o who_o density_n they_o be_v turn_v into_o water_n and_o of_o that_o opinion_n be_v falopius_n laurentius_n &_o archangelus_n who_o remember_v six_o opinion_n concern_v the_o matter_n of_o it_o which_o we_o shall_v hereafter_o make_v mention_n of_o this_o humour_n be_v find_v not_o only_o in_o dead_a body_n as_o some_o will_v but_o also_o in_o live_v but_o why_o that_o it_o be_v find_v in_o live_a body_n but_o more_o in_o dead_a and_o why_o more_o plentiful_a after_o death_n except_o in_o those_o that_o die_v of_o consumption_n in_o who_o it_o be_v little_a and_o yellowish_a because_o the_o many_o spirit_n which_o be_v about_o the_o heart_n the_o body_n be_v cold_a be_v turn_v into_o water_n even_o as_o those_o vapour_n which_o be_v raise_v from_o the_o earth_n be_v by_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o middle_a region_n of_o the_o air_n convert_v into_o water_n we_o also_o affirm_v that_o it_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v in_o live_a body_n and_o not_o only_o in_o those_o that_o be_v disease_v as_o they_o that_o be_v trouble_v with_o palpitation_n of_o the_o heart_n but_o also_o in_o all_o sound_a body_n yet_o in_o some_o more_o plentiful_a in_o other_o more_o spare_v but_o in_o all_o moderate_a because_o if_o it_o be_v consume_v there_o follow_v a_o disease_a in_o sound_a body_n as_o well_o as_o in_o disease_a consumption_n if_o it_o be_v abundant_a palpitation_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o if_o it_o be_v so_o much_o that_o it_o hinder_v the_o dilatation_n of_o the_o heart_n than_o follow_v suffocation_n and_o death_n itself_o that_o it_o be_v in_o live_a body_n may_v be_v prove_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o heart_n where_o he_o say_v there_o be_v a_o little_a humour_n like_o unto_o urine_n as_o also_o by_o the_o example_n of_o our_o saviour_n out_o of_o who_o precious_a side_n issue_v water_n and_o blood_n it_o appear_v also_o by_o the_o dissection_n of_o live_a saviour_n the_o example_n of_o our_o saviour_n creature_n which_o every_o year_n be_v perform_v for_o further_a advertisement_n especial_o a_o sheep_n or_o such_o like_a great_a with_o young_a vesalius_n add_v a_o example_n of_o a_o man_n who_o heart_n be_v take_v out_o of_o his_o body_n while_o he_o live_v at_o padua_n in_o italy_n final_o the_o use_n and_o necessity_n of_o it_o do_v evict_v the_o same_o for_o the_o use_n of_o it_o be_v to_o keep_v moist_a the_o heart_n and_o his_o vessel_n a_o hot_a part_n it_o be_v so_o as_o the_o left_a it_o the_o use_n of_o it_o ventricle_n will_v even_o scald_v a_o man_n finger_n if_o it_o be_v put_v into_o it_o and_o so_o continual_o move_v that_o unless_o it_o be_v thus_o temper_v it_o will_v gather_v a_o very_a torrify_a heat_n by_o cool_v it_o also_o it_o keep_v it_o fresh_a and_o flourish_a it_o moystn_v also_o the_o pericardium_n wherein_o it_o be_v contain_v which_o otherwise_o by_o the_o great_a heat_n of_o the_o heart_n will_v be_v exiccate_v or_o dry_v up_o by_o it_o also_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n become_v more_o facile_a and_o easy_a and_o this_o motion_n spend_v it_o and_o resolve_v it_o insensible_o by_o the_o pore_n as_o it_o be_v breed_v but_o if_o in_o the_o passage_n it_o be_v stay_v then_o say_v varolius_n be_v there_o many_o hair_n find_v grow_v right_o against_o it_o on_o the_o breast_n final_o it_o take_v away_o the_o sense_n or_o feel_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o heart_n because_o the_o heart_n swim_v as_o it_o breast_n the_o cause_n of_o have_v upon_o the_o breast_n be_v in_o it_o even_o as_o we_o see_v the_o infant_n swim_v in_o sweat_n in_o the_o womb_n aswell_o to_o take_v away_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o so_o great_a a_o burden_n from_o the_o mother_n as_o also_o that_o it_o may_v not_o fall_v hard_o to_o any_o part_n in_o her_o body_n you_o may_v add_v to_o this_o if_o you_o please_v that_o it_o help_v forward_o the_o concretion_n of_o the_o fat_a about_o the_o heart_n in_o the_o cavity_n also_o of_o the_o chest_n there_o be_v find_v such_o a_o like_a water_n mingle_v with_o blood_n with_o chest_n another_o water_n and_o blood_n mingle_v in_o the_o chest_n which_o the_o part_n of_o the_o chest_n be_v continual_o moisten_v and_o cool_v and_o thus_o much_o of_o these_o circumstance_n of_o the_o heart_n now_o follow_v the_o vessel_n of_o the_o chest_n chap._n ix_o of_o the_o ascend_a trunk_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n tab_n 5._o fig._n 1._o show_v the_o division_n of_o the_o hollow-vein_n in_o the_o jugulum_fw-la or_o hollow_a under_o the_o patelbone_n on_o the_o right_a side_n be_v show_v how_o it_o be_v common_o believe_v to_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o trunk_n the_o one_o call_v the_o sub-clavius_a the_o other_o super-clavius_a from_o whence_o come_v that_o scrupulous_a choice_n of_o the_o cephalica_fw-la and_o basilica_n vein_n in_o phlebotomy_n or_o blood-letting_n on_o the_o right_a side_n be_v show_v how_o the_o trunk_n be_v but_o one_o out_o of_o which_o both_o the_o foresay_a vein_n of_o the_o arm_n do_v proceed_v fig._n 2._o show_v a_o portion_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n as_o much_o as_o ascend_v out_o of_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o hart_n unto_o the_o jugulun_n wherein_o be_v exhibit_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o fibre_n which_o be_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o vein_n tabula_fw-la v._o fig_n i._o fig_n ii_o the_o 2._o figure_n fig_n iii_o fig._n 3._o show_v a_o rude_a delineation_n of_o the_o fibre_n in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o vein_n fig_n iv_o fig._n 4._o show_v the_o distribution_n of_o the_o vein_n azygos_n which_o we_o shall_v show_v more_o distinct_o in_o the_o 7._o table_n before_o the_o division_n it_o send_v out_o four_o branch_n table_n 6._o show_v the_o trunk_n and_o branch_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n as_o they_o be_v disseminated_a through_o all_o the_o three_o region_n of_o the_o body_n tabula_fw-la vi_o afterward_o the_o hollowveine_n perforate_v the_o pericardium_n again_o and_o again_o grow_v round_o but_o much_o less_o than_o before_o and_o rise_v up_o where_o the_o right_a lung_n be_v part_v from_o the_o left_a and_o so_o pass_v to_o the_o jugulum_fw-la but_o above_o the_o heart_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o body_n it_o part_v with_o a_o notable_a trunk_n or_o branch_n to_o be_v distribute_v to_o the_o spondel_n and_o the_o space_n between_o the_o rib_n and_o this_o be_v the_o three_o branch_n call_v vena_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o sine_fw-la pari_fw-la that_o be_v the_o un-mated_n vein_n 〈◊〉_d vena_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o we_o have_v before_o call_v non-paril_a tab._n 5._o fig._n 1._o c._n fig._n 2_o b_o fig._n 4_o b_o because_o common_o in_o a_o man_n it_o be_v but_o one_o as_o also_o in_o dog_n and_o have_v not_o another_o on_o the_o other_o side_n like_o unto_o it_o although_o it_o show_v the_o trunk_n of_o the_o hollow_a verne_n disseminated_a through_o both_o the_o belly_n notwithstanding_o it_o serve_v especial_o to_o exhibit_v the_o distribution_n of_o the_o vein_n azygos_n and_o the_o conjunction_n of_o the_o branch_n thereof_o with_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o chest_n which_o here_o be_v only_o show_v on_o the_o right_a side_n tabula_fw-la vii_o yyyy_a the_o outward_a vein_n of_o the_o chest_n which_o be_v unite_v with_o the_o inner_a branch_n of_o the_o azygos_n z_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o basilica_n which_o be_v join_v with_o the_o cephalica_fw-la a._n a_o branch_n of_o the_o cephalica_fw-la which_o be_v join_v with_o the_o basilica_n z_o b_o the_o vein_n call_v mediana_n or_o the_o middle_a vein_n common_o from_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o vein_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d tab._n 5._o fig._n 4._o b_o tab._n 6._o ff_n tab._n 7._o d_o out_o of_o the_o backside_n of_o it_o as_o well_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n as_o on_o the_o right_n but_o on_o the_o right_a especial_o branch_n pari_fw-la the_o branch_n of_o vena_fw-la sine_fw-la pari_fw-la be_v distribute_v to_o the_o distance_n sometime_o of_o all_o but_o most_o what_o of_o the_o ten_o low_a rib_n tab._n 5._o fig._n 4_o which_o be_v call_v intercostales_fw-la rami_fw-la tab._n 6_o gg_n branch_n between_o the_o rib_n this_o vein_n also_o without_o his_o
yet_o so_o that_o in_o a_o man_n they_o adhere_v together_o by_o membranous_a fibres_n so_o that_o there_o be_v rather_o a_o note_n or_o footstep_n of_o division_n than_o any_o true_a division_n indeed_o though_o it_o be_v otherwise_o in_o dog_n and_o the_o low_a be_v long_o than_o the_o upper_a and_o it_o be_v so_o divide_v as_o well_o that_o the_o whole_a lung_n may_v more_o safe_o and_o swift_o be_v dilate_v and_o contract_v the_o act_n breathe_v in_o more_o easy_o penetrate_v into_o their_o narrow_a passage_n as_o also_o that_o they_o may_v the_o more_o firm_o embrace_v the_o heart_n and_o not_o be_v compress_v when_o we_o bow_v downward_o and_o although_o they_o be_v find_v to_o be_v distinguish_v though_o not_o with_o any_o true_a division_n sometime_o into_o three_o sometime_o into_o more_o sometime_o into_o two_o yet_o rare_o shall_v we_o find_v in_o a_o man_n because_o of_o the_o shortness_n of_o his_o breast_n five_o lobe_n in_o a_o dog_n and_o a_o ape_n often_o and_o if_o it_o happen_v to_o be_v so_o then_o say_v galen_n in_o the_o 2._o and_o 10._o chapter_n of_o his_o 7._o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la part_n they_o lie_v very_o high_a into_o the_o throat_n under_o the_o hollow-vein_n their_o substance_n tab._n 14_o fig_n 2._o be_v fleshy_a whereupon_o it_o be_v call_v parenchyma_n &_o a_o fleshy_a bowel_z weave_v with_o three_o sort_n of_o vessel_n tab._n 14_o fig._n 2_o bcd_n and_o substance_n their_o substance_n cover_v with_o a_o thin_a membrane_n which_o vari_v in_o softness_n and_o colour_n according_a to_o the_o age_n birth_n how_o their_o substance_n and_o colour_n differ_v before_o &_o after_o birth_n of_o the_o party_n in_o young_a man_n it_o be_v fast_o in_o the_o prime_n of_o our_o age_n rare_a cave_n and_o hollow_a for_o the_o lung_n be_v not_o move_v in_o the_o womb_n of_o the_o mother_n as_o neither_o the_o heart_n be_v then_o thick_a and_o firm_a as_o be_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o liver_n red_a also_o from_o the_o colour_n of_o their_o nourishment_n for_o nourish_v they_o be_v in_o the_o mother_n womb_n with_o that_o wherewith_o they_o be_v generate_v that_o be_v blood_n bring_v out_o of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n to_o the_o venal_a artery_n by_o inoculation_n and_o spirit_n send_v from_o the_o great_a artery_n to_o the_o arterial_a vein_n by_o the_o pipe_n or_o canal_n before_o mention_v but_o the_o infant_n be_v bear_v when_o the_o heart_n begin_v to_o move_v his_o motion_n and_o heat_n soften_v and_o puff_v up_o their_o flesh_n by_o little_a and_o little_a and_o so_o be_v move_v with_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o chest_n they_o also_o become_v pliable_a to_o the_o motion_n thereof_o and_o be_v lift_v up_o and_o fall_v again_o with_o ease_n they_o lie_v also_o bed_v as_o it_o be_v between_o the_o division_n of_o the_o slice_v plato_n his_o mollis_fw-la saltus_fw-la why_o they_o join_v after_o death_n be_v cut_v or_o slice_v vessel_n fill_v up_o the_o empty_a place_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n be_v a_o defence_n and_o strengthen_n unto_o they_o that_o they_o be_v not_o break_v in_o their_o continual_a motion_n and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o plato_n call_v their_o motion_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d saltus_fw-la mollis_fw-la a_o soft_a motion_n which_o be_v further_v in_o that_o their_o substance_n be_v full_a of_o a_o slimy_a and_o viscid_a moisture_n insomuch_o that_o varolius_n say_v that_o after_o death_n if_o they_o be_v cut_v yet_o will_v they_o glue_v together_o again_o by_o this_o viscidity_n substance_n their_o substance_n their_o substance_n also_o be_v lax_n spungy_a and_o rare_a make_v as_o it_o be_v of_o the_o froth_n of_o the_o blood_n that_o it_o may_v better_o admit_v the_o aer_fw-la draw_v in_o like_o a_o pair_n of_o bellows_n and_o be_v free_o fill_v therewith_o their_o colour_n be_v yellowish_a oftentimes_o ashy_a spot_v with_o certain_a dull_a and_o blackish_a colour_n their_o colour_n specke_n or_o cloudye_a stream_n and_o in_o those_o that_o die_v of_o any_o long_a and_o linger_a disease_n they_o grow_v yet_o black_a they_o have_v a_o membrane_n breed_v out_o of_o the_o pleura_fw-la for_o where_o the_o vessel_n pass_v into_o the_o lung_n membrane_n their_o membrane_n tab._n 14_o fig._n 1_o cd_o the_fw-mi their_o common_a coat_n spring_v from_o the_o pleura_fw-la depart_v from_o they_o and_o be_v fine_o stretch_v over_o the_o superficies_n or_o upper_a face_n of_o the_o lung_n to_o form_n &_o contain_v their_o soft_a substance_n which_o otherwise_o be_v shake_v with_o continual_a motion_n will_v quick_o break_v off_o by_o piece_n meal_n this_o membrane_n be_v thin_a that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v burdensome_a and_o soft_a that_o it_o may_v better_o stretch_v with_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o lung_n full_a also_o of_o pore_n though_o after_o death_n insensible_a that_o if_o any_o quitture_v or_o matter_n shall_v be_v gather_v in_o the_o chest_n in_o a_o pleurisy_n or_o inflammation_n of_o the_o porous_a why_o the_o membrane_n be_v porous_a lung_n call_v peripneumonia_n it_o may_v by_o these_o pore_n have_v issue_n &_o so_o be_v spit_v out_o by_o cough_n albeit_o we_o be_v not_o ignorant_a that_o in_o both_o these_o disease_n the_o lung_n themselves_o be_v affect_v which_o we_o be_v teach_v by_o the_o dissection_n of_o pleuriticall_a body_n and_o also_o by_o they_o which_o have_v recover_v of_o pleurisy_n in_o who_o do_v remain_v difficulty_n of_o breathe_v and_o some_o pain_n in_o the_o weaken_a side_n as_o long_o as_o they_o live_v this_o porosite_a also_o make_v their_o upper_a face_n smooth_a and_o bedew_v with_o a_o kind_n of_o slimy_a moisture_n into_o this_o membrane_n because_o it_o need_v but_o a_o little_a sense_n there_o be_v small_a nerve_n disseminated_a from_o the_o sixth_o conjugation_n on_o the_o right_a side_n tab._n 8._o fig._n 1_o t_o after_o the_o right_n recurrent_a be_v frame_v but_o on_o the_o left_a side_n tab._n 8_o fig._n 1_o q_o before_o the_o frame_n of_o the_o recurrent_a these_o pain_n why_o ulcer_n of_o the_o lung_n be_v with_o pain_n nerve_n do_v not_o reach_v unto_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o lung_n lest_o they_o shall_v be_v pain_v or_o weary_v in_o their_o continual_a motion_n and_o hence_o also_o it_o be_v that_o all_o the_o ulcer_n of_o the_o lung_n be_v without_o pain_n table_n 14._o figure_n 1._o show_v the_o fore-side_n of_o the_o lung_n take_v out_o out_o of_o the_o chest_n from_o which_o the_o heart_n with_o his_o membrane_n be_v cut_v fig._n 2._o show_v the_o back_n and_o gibbous_a side_n of_o the_o lung_n as_o it_o lie_v upon_o the_o back_n figure_n 3._o show_v the_o arterial_a vein_n figure_n 4._o show_v the_o venall_n artery_n separate_v from_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o lung_n tabula_fw-la xiiii_o fig_n i_o fig_n two_o fig_n iii_o fig_n iv_o two_o vessel_n it_o receyve_v from_o the_o heart_n of_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v before_o one_o call_v the_o arterial_a vein_n tab_v 14._o fig._n 1_o c_o fig._n 13._o the_o whole_a arterial_a vein_n which_o out_o of_o the_o right_a vein_n the_o arterial_a vein_n ventricle_n minister_v to_o the_o lung_n alimentarie_a blood_n therein_o attenuate_v for_o their_o nourishment_n and_o with_o this_o blood_n the_o natural_a spirit_n and_o the_o natural_a soul_n therein_o reside_v with_o all_o her_o power_n and_o faculty_n be_v communicate_v to_o the_o lung_n the_o other_o call_v the_o venal_a artery_n tab_v 14_o fig._n 1_o d_o figure_n 4_o the_o venal_a artery_n separate_v which_o be_v a_o instrument_n only_o of_o the_o spirit_n but_o contain_v also_o pure_a thin_a and_o vaporous_a blood_n wherefore_o the_o aer_fw-la which_o be_v attract_v by_o the_o windpipe_n and_o prepare_v in_o the_o lung_n it_o lead_v to_o the_o heart_n and_o from_o the_o left_a ventricle_n bring_v forth_o vital_a blood_n with_o the_o vital_a spirit_n and_o faculty_n to_o the_o lung_n partly_o that_o therewith_o they_o may_v be_v nourish_v partly_o it_o whence_o life_n it_o for_o their_o life_n that_o the_o inbred_a heat_n may_v be_v cherish_v for_o life_n be_v from_o the_o vital_a spirit_n and_o the_o arterial_a blood_n perfect_v in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n partly_o that_o by_o it_o the_o smoke_n and_o soot_n may_v be_v carry_v out_o of_o the_o heart_n these_o two_o vessel_n be_v far_o great_a than_o the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o lung_n may_v seem_v to_o require_v if_o the_o proportion_n be_v compare_v to_o that_o of_o other_o part_n &_o that_o because_o the_o lung_n with_o their_o perpetual_a motion_n do_v consume_v and_o dissipate_v much_o moisture_n and_o moreover_o because_o they_o serve_v not_o only_o to_o carry_v out_o natural_a blood_n and_o vital_a blood_n with_o vital_a spirit_n but_o also_o by_o their_o extremity_n do_v receive_v from_o the_o end_n of_o the_o windpipe_n air_n which_o they_o lead_v into_o the_o
they_o have_v get_v the_o measure_n of_o heat_n that_o they_o have_v in_o the_o live_a body_n will_v be_v dilate_v but_o never_o fall_v because_o there_o want_v a_o faculty_n but_o they_o be_v both_o deceive_v for_o if_o both_o the_o diastole_n and_o systole_n come_v not_o from_o the_o faculty_n but_o from_o the_o constitution_n deceive_v how_o both_o be_v deceive_v of_o the_o artery_n than_o the_o artery_n shall_v ever_o keep_v the_o same_o magnitude_n and_o the_o same_o vehemency_n of_o pulsation_n but_o we_o see_v that_o the_o pulse_n be_v now_o great_a now_o lesser_a as_o the_o strength_n be_v great_a or_o little_a sometime_o the_o systole_n sometime_o the_o diastole_n be_v great_a as_o the_o use_n of_o either_o be_v increase_v there_o want_v not_o some_o who_o strive_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o artery_n be_v from_o the_o brain_n stand_v upon_o one_o authority_n of_o galens_n where_o he_o say_v in_o the_o 2._o book_n brain_n that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o artery_n be_v not_o from_o the_o brain_n de_fw-fr causis_fw-la pulsuum_fw-la when_o in_o a_o man_n the_o pulse_n begin_v to_o be_v convulsive_a present_o he_o be_v take_v with_o a_o convulsion_n which_o seem_v to_o intimate_v that_o there_o be_v one_o original_a of_o the_o faculty_n of_o pulsation_n and_o of_o that_o to_o which_o convulsion_n do_v belong_v but_o galens_n own_o observation_n bewray_v the_o vanity_n of_o this_o opinion_n for_o if_o the_o brain_n be_v compress_v sense_n and_o motion_n will_v perish_v but_o the_o artery_n will_v still_o beat_v if_o the_o nerve_n which_o come_v from_o the_o brayn_n to_o the_o heart_n be_v cut_v or_o intercept_v the_o creature_n become_v dumb_a but_o the_o artery_n beat_v still_o see_v therefore_o that_o the_o artery_n neither_o move_v by_o a_o power_n of_o their_o own_o nor_o from_o the_o move_v the_o true_a cause_n whereby_o the_o motion_n be_v move_v elementary_a form_n nor_o only_o from_o heat_n nor_o from_o a_o spirit_n or_o spumy_a blood_n it_o remain_v necessary_a that_o they_o shall_v be_v move_v by_o pulsative_a power_n of_o the_o heart_n for_o if_o they_o shall_v be_v move_v by_o any_o thing_n save_v by_o a_o faculty_n their_o motion_n shall_v be_v not_o continual_a but_o violent_a neither_o will_v there_o be_v any_o attraction_n of_o air_n in_o dilatation_n but_o the_o boil_a blood_n will_v take_v up_o all_o the_o room_n this_o faculty_n or_o power_n pulsative_fw-mi be_v in_o a_o moment_n carry_v not_o through_o the_o cavitie_n but_o along_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o artery_n and_o that_o it_o be_v carry_v in_o a_o moment_n this_o be_v a_o argument_n that_o lead_v which_o way_n the_o faculty_n be_v lead_v all_o the_o artery_n be_v move_v with_o the_o same_o motion_n all_o together_o in_o the_o same_o time_n when_o the_o heart_n be_v move_v if_o it_o be_v object_v that_o galen_n in_o the_o 1._o the_o different_a pulsuum_fw-la &_o the_o 2_o prima_fw-la cognition_n ex_fw-la pull_v speak_v of_o those_o that_o have_v hot_a heart_n and_o cold_a artery_n in_o who_o the_o part_n of_o the_o artery_n that_o be_v near_o to_o the_o heart_n be_v dilate_v soon_o than_o those_o that_o be_v more_o remote_a be_v constrain_v to_o confess_v that_o the_o pulsative_fw-mi power_n be_v move_v through_o the_o heart_n what_o may_v hinder_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n artery_n &_o slow_o by_o degree_n i_o answer_v that_o the_o faculty_n flow_v in_o a_o moment_n unless_o it_o be_v hinder_v but_o it_o may_v be_v hinder_v sometime_o by_o his_o own_o fault_n sometime_o by_o the_o fault_n of_o the_o instrument_n by_o his_o own_o when_o the_o heat_n be_v weak_a by_o the_o instrument_n when_o the_o artery_n be_v either_o cold_a or_o soft_a or_o obstruct_a it_o remain_v therefore_o that_o when_o all_o thing_n be_v aright_o dispose_v it_o flow_v in_o a_o instant_n and_o not_o through_o the_o cavitie_n but_o along_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o artery_n galen_n in_o the_o last_o chapter_n of_o the_o book_n quod_fw-la sanguis_fw-la arterijs_fw-la delineatur_fw-la give_v a_o experience_n a_o instance_n for_o experience_n instance_n from_o experience_n if_o you_o put_v a_o quill_n or_o reed_n into_o the_o artery_n which_o will_v fill_v the_o whole_a cavity_n yet_o will_v the_o artery_n beat_v but_o if_o his_o coat_n be_v press_v with_o a_o tie_n it_o will_v cease_v instant_o if_o it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o artery_n in_o a_o infant_n beat_v before_o the_o heart_n and_o therefore_o the_o pulse_n be_v from_o the_o spirit_n not_o from_o the_o heart_n i_o answer_v that_o the_o infant_n artery_n solution_n objection_n solution_n do_v move_v by_o a_o virtue_n that_o proceed_v from_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o mother_n for_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o infant_n be_v continual_a with_o those_o of_o the_o mother_n and_o receive_v as_o well_o life_n &_o the_o pulsative_a faculty_n from_o she_o as_o the_o liver_n and_o all_o the_o other_o part_n do_v nourishment_n qvest._n v._o whether_o the_o artery_n be_v dilate_v when_o the_o heart_n be_v dilate_v or_o on_o the_o contrary_a then_o contract_v there_o arise_v now_o a_o more_o obscure_a thorny_a and_o scrupulous_a question_n than_o question_n a_o difficult_a question_n the_o former_a and_o that_o be_v whether_o the_o artery_n and_o the_o heart_n be_v move_v with_o the_o same_o motion_n for_o the_o explication_n whereof_o we_o must_v first_o resolve_v that_o the_o artery_n be_v fill_v when_o they_o be_v dilate_v and_o empty_v when_o they_o be_v contract_v dilatation_n the_o artery_n be_v fill_v in_o their_o dilatation_n that_o they_o draw_v when_o they_o be_v dilate_v and_o expel_v when_o they_o be_v constringe_v the_o reason_n be_v manifest_a for_o the_o vessel_n must_v needs_o draw_v with_o that_o motion_n whereby_o they_o be_v make_v most_o fit_a to_o receive_v but_o the_o vessel_n by_o how_o much_o they_o be_v more_o enlarge_v by_o so_o much_o be_v they_o more_o capable_a now_o they_o be_v enlarge_v by_o dilatation_n therefore_o when_o they_o be_v dilate_v they_o draw_v and_o be_v fill_v so_o that_o archigines_n be_v no_o way_n to_o be_v hearken_v unto_o archigines_n archigines_n who_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o in_o the_o systole_n the_o artery_n do_v draw_v and_o be_v fill_v and_o in_o the_o diastole_n do_v expel_v and_o be_v empty_v who_o argument_n for_o this_o be_v because_o in_o inspiration_n the_o lip_n be_v straighten_v and_o the_o nostril_n contract_v but_o whether_o this_o diastole_n of_o the_o artery_n erasistratus_n the_o first_o opinion_n erasistratus_n be_v at_o once_o and_o together_o with_o the_o dilatation_n of_o the_o heart_n that_o be_v indeed_o a_o great_a controversy_n erasistratus_n be_v the_o first_o that_o think_v their_o motion_n contrary_a that_o be_v that_o when_o the_o heart_n be_v dilate_v the_o artery_n be_v contract_v and_o when_o the_o heart_n be_v contract_v the_o artery_n be_v dilate_v among_o the_o new_a writer_n these_o have_v side_v with_o he_o fernelius_n columbus_n cardane_n &_o sealiger_n and_o true_o his_o opinion_n may_v be_v confirm_v by_o authority_n and_o reason_n galen_n in_o his_o authority_n authority_n book_n de_n pull_v ad_fw-la tyrenes_n say_v that_o the_o vital_a faculty_n do_v move_v diverse_a body_n at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o diverse_a motion_n which_o can_v be_v understand_v of_o nothing_o else_o but_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o of_o the_o artery_n avicen_n fen._n 1._o cap._n 4._o doctrine_n 6._o affirm_v that_o the_o vital_a first_o reason_n the_o first_o faculty_n do_v together_o dilate_v and_o constringe_v the_o reason_n beside_o these_o authority_n be_v in_o the_o diastole_n the_o heart_n draw_v blood_n by_o the_o hollow_a vein_n into_o his_o right_a ventricle_n and_o aer_fw-la by_o the_o venal_a artery_n into_o the_o left_a therefore_o at_o that_o time_n the_o heart_n be_v fill_v and_o the_o vessel_n be_v empty_v contrariwise_o in_o the_o systole_n the_o heart_n expel_v the_o vital_a spirit_n into_o the_o artery_n therefore_o at_o that_o time_n the_o heart_n be_v empty_v and_o the_o artery_n be_v fill_v but_o when_o the_o artery_n be_v fill_v they_o be_v distend_v and_o when_o they_o be_v empty_v they_o fall_v wherefore_o when_o the_o heart_n be_v distend_v the_o artery_n be_v contract_v and_o when_o it_o be_v contract_v they_o be_v distend_v beside_o there_o be_v the_o same_o proportion_n between_o the_o artery_n and_o the_o heart_n which_o second_o the_o second_o there_o be_v between_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o deaf_a ear_n but_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a which_o our_o eyesight_n teach_v we_o that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o of_o the_o ear_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v diverse_a for_o when_o the_o heart_n be_v dilate_v than_o those_o ear_n do_v fall_v and_o when_o the_o heart_n be_v contract_v than_o they_o be_v distend_v and_o fill_v wherefore_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o
it_o be_v whiten_v after_o it_o be_v so_o praepare_v it_o be_v convey_v to_o the_o epididymis_fw-la through_o who_o insensible_a passage_n it_o sweat_v into_o the_o spongy_a and_o friable_a substance_n of_o the_o testicle_n themselves_o where_o have_v attein_v the_o form_n and_o perfection_n of_o seed_n it_o be_v deliver_v over_o by_o the_o eiaculatory_a or_o rather_o the_o leading-vessel_n to_o the_o parastatae_n and_o from_o they_o transcolate_v to_o the_o prostatae_fw-la which_o reserve_v the_o seed_n be_v now_o turgid_a and_o full_a of_o spirit_n for_o the_o necessary_a use_n of_o nature_n hence_o it_o follow_v that_o that_o power_n which_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v the_o seede-making_a faculty_n or_o the_o faculty_n of_o generation_n be_v from_o the_o testicle_n immediate_o by_o which_o faculty_n the_o part_n be_v stir_v up_o do_v pour_v out_o of_o themselves_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o seed_n when_o venus_n do_v so_o require_v this_o faculty_n be_v the_o author_n in_o man_n of_o virility_n and_o in_o woman_n of_o muliebrity_n and_o breed_v in_o all_o creature_n that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o which_o the_o heat_n be_v blow_v up_o be_v the_o cause_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d so_o that_o the_o blood_n be_v heat_v and_o attenuate_v distend_v the_o vein_n and_o the_o body_n or_o bulk_n of_o that_o part_n grow_v turgid_a and_o impatient_a of_o his_o place_n which_o the_o grecian_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o low_a region_n in_o the_o middle_a region_n there_o be_v many_o part_n of_o great_a worth_n but_o the_o excellency_n of_o the_o region_n the_o middle_a region_n heart_n dim_v the_o light_n of_o the_o rest_n which_o all_o be_v to_o it_o but_o servant_n and_o attendant_n the_o heart_n therefore_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o signify_v to_o beat_v because_o heart_n the_o heart_n it_o be_v perpetual_o move_v from_o the_o ingate_n to_o the_o outgate_n of_o life_n this_o be_v a_o pyramidal_a bowell_n who_o basis_n be_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o chest_n the_o mucro_fw-la or_o point_n reach_v towards_o the_o left_a side_n the_o magnitude_n but_o small_a that_o the_o motion_n may_v be_v more_o free_a and_o nimble_a the_o flesh_n very_o fast_o and_o exceed_o hot_a intertex_v or_o weave_v with_o all_o three_o kind_n of_o fibres_n and_o nourish_v with_o blood_n which_o it_o receive_v from_o two_o branch_n of_o the_o coronary_a vein_n on_o the_o outside_n it_o have_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o fat_a and_o swim_v in_o a_o waterish_a lie_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o pericardium_n wherewith_o as_o with_o a_o purse_n the_o heart_n be_v encompass_v on_o the_o inside_n it_o be_v distinguish_v by_o a_o intermediate_v partition_n into_o two_o ventricles_n the_o right_n be_v less_o noble_a than_o the_o left_a and_o frame_v most_o what_o for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o lung_n it_o receive_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o blood_n from_o the_o yawn_a mouth_n of_o the_o hollow-vein_n and_o after_o it_o be_v prepare_v return_v the_o same_o blood_n again_o through_o the_o arterial_a vein_n into_o all_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o lung_n this_o right_a ventricle_n have_v annex_v to_o it_o the_o great_a care_n and_o six_o value_v be_v insert_v into_o the_o orifice_n of_o his_o vessel_n the_o left_a ventricle_n which_o be_v also_o the_o most_o noble_a have_v a_o thick_a wall_n than_o the_o right_n because_o it_o be_v the_o shop_n of_o thin_a blood_n and_o vital_a spirit_n out_o of_o this_o ventricle_n do_v two_o vessel_n issue_n the_o first_o call_v the_o venall_n artery_n which_o receyve_v the_o air_n prepare_v by_o the_o lung_n and_o for_o retribution_n return_v unto_o they_o vital_a blood_n and_o spirit_n at_o which_o artery_n the_o left_a deaf_a care_n be_v situate_v and_o in_o who_o orifice_n there_o slande_z two_o value_v bend_v from_o without_o inward_a the_o other_o vessel_n of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n be_v the_o aorta_fw-mi or_o great_a artery_n which_o distribute_v unto_o the_o whole_a body_n vital_a blood_n and_o spirit_n for_o according_a as_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o be_v it_o draw_v the_o better_a part_n of_o the_o chylus_n by_o the_o meseraicke_a artery_n into_o the_o bosom_n of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n for_o the_o generation_n of_o arterial_a blood_n and_o at_o his_o mouth_n do_v grow_v three_o value_v open_v inward_a we_o say_v further_o that_o the_o heart_n be_v the_o faculty_n the_o vital_a faculty_n habitation_n of_o the_o vital_a faculty_n which_o by_o the_o help_n of_o pulsation_n and_o respiration_n beget_v vital_a spirit_n of_o air_n and_o blood_n mix_v in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n and_o this_o faculty_n although_o it_o be_v vital_a yet_o be_v it_o not_o the_o life_n itself_o and_o differ_v from_o the_o faculty_n of_o pulsation_n both_o in_o the_o function_n and_o in_o the_o extent_n and_o latitude_n of_o the_o subject_n the_o faculty_n of_o pulsation_n be_v natural_a to_o the_o heart_n as_o proceed_v and_o depend_v upon_o the_o vital_a faculty_n for_o it_o be_v not_o move_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o voluntary_o as_o be_v the_o animal_n faculty_n but_o only_o obey_v the_o command_n of_o the_o necessity_n of_o nature_n from_o the_o foresay_a faculty_n of_o pulsation_n do_v proceed_v two_o motion_n the_o diastole_n &_o the_o systole_n between_o which_o there_o be_v a_o double_a rest_n these_o motion_n in_o the_o heart_n and_o artery_n be_v the_o same_o and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n but_o so_o that_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o motion_n be_v supply_v from_o the_o heart_n unto_o the_o artrry_v as_o from_o a_o principle_n both_o move_v and_o move_v final_o to_o come_v unto_o that_o which_o we_o be_v now_o in_o hand_n withal_o in_o the_o upper_a region_n we_o meet_v with_o the_o brain_n compass_v with_o the_o strong_a battlement_n of_o the_o scull_n adorn_v with_o region_n the_o upper_a region_n the_o face_n as_o with_o a_o beautiful_a frontispiece_n wherein_o the_o soul_n inhabit_v not_o only_o in_o essence_n and_o power_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n but_o in_o her_o magnificense_n and_o throne_n of_o state_n this_o brain_n be_v the_o most_o noble_a part_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o frame_v with_o such_o curiosity_n so_o many_o labyrinth_n and_o meander_n be_v therein_o that_o even_o a_o good_a wit_n may_v easy_o be_v at_o loss_n when_o it_o be_v train_v away_o with_o so_o diverse_a scent_n in_o a_o argument_n so_o boundless_a and_o vast_a notwithstanding_o we_o will_v as_o brief_o and_o succinct_o as_o we_o can_v give_v you_o a_o view_n of_o the_o fabric_n and_o nature_n thereof_o refer_v the_o reader_n for_o better_a satisfaction_n to_o the_o ensue_a discourse_n wherein_o we_o hope_v to_o give_v even_o he_o that_o be_v curious_a some_o contentment_n the_o substance_n therefore_o of_o the_o brain_n be_v medullous_a or_o marrowy_a but_o a_o proper_a marrow_n not_o like_a that_o of_o other_o part_n frame_v out_o of_o the_o pure_a part_n of_o the_o seed_n and_o the_o spirit_n it_o be_v brain_n the_o brain_n moovable_a and_o that_o with_o a_o natural_a motion_n which_o be_v double_a one_o proper_a to_o itself_o another_o come_n from_o without_o it_o be_v full_a of_o sense_n but_o that_o sense_n be_v operative_a or_o active_a not_o passive_a for_o the_o behoof_n of_o this_o brain_n be_v the_o head_n frame_v nor_o the_o head_n alone_o but_o also_o the_o whole_a body_n itself_o be_v ordain_v for_o the_o generation_n of_o animal_n spirit_n and_o for_o the_o exhibit_v of_o the_o function_n of_o the_o inward_a sense_n and_o the_o principal_a faculty_n in_o this_o brain_n we_o be_v to_o consider_v first_o his_o part_n then_o his_o faculty_n the_o brain_n therefore_o occupi_v the_o whole_a cavity_n of_o the_o skull_n and_o by_o the_o dura_fw-la mater_fw-la or_o hard_a membrane_n be_v divide_v into_o a_o forepart_n and_o a_o backpart_n the_o forepart_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o magnitude_n retain_v the_o name_n of_o the_o whole_a and_o be_v proper_o call_v the_o brain_n be_v again_o divide_v by_o a_o body_n or_o duplicate_v membrane_n resemble_v a_o mowerssy_a the_o into_o a_o right_a side_n &_o a_o left_a both_o which_o side_n be_v again_o continue_v by_o the_o interposition_n or_o mediation_n of_o a_o callous_a body_n this_o callous_a body_n descend_v a_o little_a downward_o appear_v to_o be_v excavate_v or_o ed_z into_o two_o large_a ventricle_n much_o resemble_v the_o form_n of_o a_o man_n ear_n through_o which_o cavity_n a_o thrum_n of_o crisp_a vessel_n call_v plexus_fw-la choroide_v do_v run_v wherein_o the_o animal_n spirit_n receive_v their_o preparation_n and_o out_o of_o these_o ventricles_n do_v issue_n two_o swell_a pap_n which_o be_v common_o call_v the_o organ_n of_o smell_v and_o do_v determine_v at_o the_o
spungy_a bone_n above_o the_o top_n of_o the_o nose_n these_o two_o venticle_n be_v dissever_v by_o a_o fine_a and_o thin_a body_n call_v speculum_fw-la lucidum_fw-la or_o the_o bright_a glass_n unto_o which_o adjoin_v the_o arch_n of_o the_o brain_n call_v corpus_fw-la cameratum_fw-la which_o be_v support_v by_o three_o finial_n or_o column_n which_o like_o atlas_n do_v sustain_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o brain_n so_o that_o the_o third_o ventricle_n which_o lie_v under_o they_o be_v not_o obliterated_a this_o middle_a ventricle_n which_o be_v a_o common_a cavity_n of_o the_o two_o upper_a occupi_v the_o very_a centre_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o run_v out_o with_o a_o double_a passage_n the_o first_o descend_v to_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n where_o the_o original_n of_o the_o nerve_n be_v most_o manifest_a and_o the_o extremity_n thereof_o end_v in_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la or_o thin_a membrane_n very_o like_a unto_o a_o tunnel_n through_o which_o tunnell_n the_o phlegmatic_a excrement_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v transcolate_v into_o the_o pituitary_a glandule_n thereunder_o dispose_v and_o so_o through_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o wedgebone_n distil_v into_o the_o pallate_n of_o the_o mouth_n the_o other_o passage_n of_o the_o third_o ventricle_n which_o be_v large_a than_o the_o former_a be_v direct_v into_o the_o four_o ventricle_n where_o the_o glandule_n or_o kernel_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v seat_v at_o each_o side_n of_o which_o do_v adjoine_v the_o buttock_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o under_o they_o the_o testicle_n appear_v which_o sever_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n out_o of_o this_o into_o the_o four_o ventricle_n final_o the_o four_o ventricle_n succeed_v which_o be_v the_o least_o and_o most_o solid_a of_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o wherein_o say_v some_o the_o animal_n spirit_n receive_v his_o utmost_a perfection_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v make_v in_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la that_o be_v the_o backward_n or_o after-braine_n which_o for_o this_o very_a reason_n be_v frame_v of_o a_o hard_a consistence_n than_o the_o former_a and_o so_o much_o of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o brain_n now_o for_o the_o faculty_n we_o determine_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o palace_n of_o the_o rational_a soul_n which_o soul_n use_v for_o her_o instrument_n the_o temper_n &_o confirmation_n of_o the_o brain_n according_a faculty_n the_o animal_n faculty_n to_o the_o diversity_n of_o her_o function_n bring_v forth_o mix_v action_n by_o the_o mediation_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n these_o very_a action_n produce_v according_a to_o the_o variety_n of_o the_o temperament_n and_o medium_n into_o diverse_a act_n of_o ratiocination_n imagination_n and_o memory_n as_o the_o soul_n be_v best_a please_v to_o work_v we_o call_v faculty_n which_o be_v seat_v and_o establish_v together_o &_o promiscuous_o in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o place_n again_o we_o say_v that_o this_o brain_n as_o it_o be_v the_o begin_n of_o the_o inward_a so_o be_v it_o also_o of_o the_o outward_a sense_n from_o which_o each_o of_o they_o receive_v their_o proper_a vessel_n or_o passage_n together_o with_o their_o faculty_n do_v suffer_v the_o incursion_n of_o species_n or_o image_n resort_v unto_o they_o according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o the_o organ_n the_o eye_n receive_v the_o visible_a form_n the_o care_n the_o audible_a the_o nose_n such_o as_o cast_v a_o odour_n from_o they_o and_o so_o of_o the_o rest_n all_o these_o individual_a form_n receive_v by_o the_o sense_n be_v by_o they_o resign_v up_o in_o token_n of_o foealty_n to_o the_o common_a sense_n or_o privy-chamber_n of_o the_o soul_n from_o whence_o they_o receive_v their_o faculty_n and_o then_o out_o of_o those_o form_n the_o soul_n gather_v phantasm_n or_o notion_n do_v either_o lay_v they_o up_o in_o the_o memory_n or_o work_v upon_o they_o by_o discourse_n of_o reason_n final_o we_o attribute_v to_o the_o brain_n the_o faculty_n of_o sense_n or_o motion_n which_o faculty_n together_o with_o the_o animal_n spirit_n differ_v in_o form_n and_o kind_a from_o the_o vital_a and_o prepare_v concoct_v and_o perfect_v in_o his_o ventricle_n and_o substance_n he_o do_v continual_o and_o without_o intermission_n transmit_v through_o the_o same_o nerve_n into_o the_o whole_a body_n to_o supply_v the_o expense_n of_o the_o foresay_a spirit_n which_o be_v make_v either_o by_o action_n or_o by_o passion_n and_o thus_o have_v we_o run_v through_o not_o only_o the_o two_o low_a region_n to_o refresh_v our_o memory_n but_o also_o the_o upper_a wherein_o the_o reader_n may_v have_v such_o a_o taste_n of_o that_o which_o follow_v as_o may_v haply_o make_v he_o savour_v it_o the_o better_a when_o he_o come_v thereto_o and_o so_o we_o proceed_v to_o our_o business_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o name_n situation_n form_n and_o part_n of_o the_o head_n have_v hitherto_o as_o exact_o as_o we_o can_v and_o with_o great_a leisure_n make_v our_o progress_n through_o the_o two_o low_a region_n natural_a and_o vital_a it_o be_v now_o time_n we_o shall_v ascend_v into_o the_o three_o venture_n the_o seat_n &_o very_a residence_n of_o the_o soul_n the_o sacred_a palace_n or_o tower_n of_o pallas_n &_o there_o survey_v her_o royal_a court_n her_o guard_n of_o outward_a sense_n her_o councillor_n of_o state_n and_o all_o their_o equipage_n this_o region_n therefore_o be_v by_o the_o grecian_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d appian_o interpreter_n hold_v it_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o a_o word_n which_o signify_v to_o grow_v dry_a because_o be_v of_o a_o bony_a substance_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v dry_a apollidorus_n derive_v it_o from_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o hide_v or_o cover_v because_o it_o be_v the_o cover_n of_o the_o brain_n other_o because_o there_o head_n the_o name_n of_o the_o head_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o light_n be_v place_v other_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d from_o the_o cavity_n or_o hollowness_n of_o it_o the_o latin_n call_v it_o caput_fw-la because_o from_o hence_o the_o sense_n do_v capere_fw-la initium_fw-la take_v their_o beginning_n there_o be_v a_o double_a acception_n of_o the_o word_n caput_fw-la among_o physician_n one_o strict_a &_o press_v another_o large_a and_o ample_a in_o the_o strict_a signification_n it_o be_v use_v by_o celsus_n out_o of_o hypocrates_n book_n of_o the_o wound_n of_o the_o head_n and_o thus_o describe_v the_o head_n be_v the_o mansion_n and_o sconce_n head_n a_o strict_a signification_n celsus_n description_n of_o the_o head_n of_o the_o brain_n who_o skull_n be_v make_v of_o two_o table_n between_o which_o be_v a_o marrow_n eye_n substance_n call_v diplois_n environ_v with_o caruncle_n and_o small_a vein_n over_o which_o be_v spread_v the_o membrane_n call_v perieranion_n which_o membrane_n be_v cover_v again_o with_o the_o hairy_a scalp_n but_o under_o the_o skull_n lie_v the_o membrane_n call_v dura_n mater_fw-la and_o in_o this_o signification_n the_o ancients_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o vessel_n of_o the_o brain_n we_o also_o in_o our_o common_a speech_n call_v it_o the_o sconce_n sconce_n sconce_n but_o in_o the_o large_a and_o ample_a signification_n under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o head_n we_o understand_v all_o signification_n the_o large_a signification_n that_o be_v circumscribe_v within_o the_o first_o rackebone_n of_o the_o neck_n and_o the_o top_n of_o the_o crown_n we_o will_v entreat_v of_o it_o in_o this_o large_a signification_n wherein_o therefore_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v of_o the_o form_n the_o situation_n the_o magnitude_n the_o frame_n and_o structure_n the_o motion_n &_o the_o particular_a part_n thereof_o first_o therefore_o the_o head_n be_v make_v round_o and_o that_o for_o diverse_a reason_n inprimis_fw-la that_o it_o form_n the_o form_n may_v be_v of_o great_a receipt_n and_o capacity_n because_o it_o be_v to_o receive_v the_o vast_a and_o huge_a bulk_n of_o the_o brain_n for_o the_o brain_n of_o a_o man_n be_v four_o time_n as_o big_a as_o of_o a_o ox_n now_o of_o all_o figure_n the_o round_a figure_n be_v of_o most_o capacity_n witness_v the_o world_n itself_o second_o the_o head_n be_v make_v round_o add_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o it_o may_v be_v less_o subject_a to_o round_o why_o round_o outward_a injury_n nor_o so_o easy_o wound_v for_o this_o figure_n as_o it_o be_v most_o capacious_a so_o be_v it_o the_o strong_a because_o it_o have_v no_o asperity_n whereupon_o a_o blow_n may_v fasten_v but_o be_v every_o where_o alike_o smooth_a have_v no_o point_n whence_o the_o dissolution_n of_o it_o shall_v commence_v three_o the_o head_n be_v round_o for_o his_o better_a motion_n that_o it_o may_v be_v speedy_o and_o easy_o turn_v to_o every_o side_n the_o platomist_n
not_o the_o true_a skin_n or_o excuse_v he_o as_o archangelus_n do_v sense_n archangelus_n why_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o head_n have_v but_o a_o dull_a sense_n who_o say_v that_o he_o mean_v it_o of_o the_o true_a skin_n but_o as_o it_o be_v a_o similar_v part_n distinct_a from_o a_o nerve_n for_o indeed_o only_a the_o nerve_n have_v sense_n bauhine_v and_o laurentius_n give_v another_o reason_n why_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o head_n be_v less_o sensible_a because_o say_v they_o in_o the_o head_n the_o skin_n adher_v but_o to_o a_o musculous_a or_o fleshy_a membrane_n whereas_o in_o other_o part_n it_o cleave_v to_o a_o nervous_a membrane_n the_o use_n of_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o head_n be_v to_o compass_v the_o scull_n and_o be_v a_o cover_n unto_o it_o use_n the_o use_n there_o be_v no_o fat_a at_o all_o say_v platerus_n under_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o head_n and_o he_o give_v his_o reason_n first_o because_o there_o be_v no_o use_n of_o it_o for_o the_o small_a vessel_n under_o the_o hairy_a scalp_n fat_a the_o fat_a be_v place_v in_o sufficient_a safety_n there_o need_v therefore_o no_o fat_a at_o all_o to_o secure_v they_o second_o because_o there_o have_v be_v a_o abuse_n of_o it_o for_o in_o the_o infant_n the_o head_n be_v proportionable_o platerus_n platerus_n to_o the_o other_o part_n exceed_o great_a but_o if_o it_o have_v any_o fat_a about_o it_o it_o will_v have_v be_v a_o great_a remora_fw-la or_o impediment_n in_o the_o birth_n but_o vesalius_n in_o his_o seven_o book_n &_o the_o 18._o chapter_n say_v that_o a_o man_n may_v easy_o with_o his_o hand_n divide_v the_o skin_n with_o the_o fat_a and_o the_o columbus_n vesalius_n columbus_n fleshy_a membrane_n from_o the_o scull_n and_o columbus_n say_v that_o beside_o the_o yard_n and_o the_o cod_n there_o be_v no_o part_n but_o a_o man_n may_v find_v fat_a in_o it_o the_o truth_n be_v that_o in_o the_o forehead_n there_o be_v none_o at_o all_o for_o because_o in_o the_o forehead_n the_o skin_n be_v move_v at_o our_o disposition_n it_o will_v have_v be_v a_o hindrance_n to_o his_o motion_n for_o that_o in_o this_o place_n the_o skin_n be_v unite_v to_o a_o musculous_a substance_n but_o in_o and_o about_o the_o occipitium_fw-la or_o noll_n of_o the_o head_n there_o be_v some_o fat_a to_o be_v find_v the_o fleshy_a membrane_n spread_v under_o the_o skin_n cleave_v close_o unto_o it_o in_o the_o forehead_n because_o fallopius_fw-la the_o fleshy_a membrane_n fallopius_fw-la there_o be_v no_o fat_a to_o separate_v they_o and_o there_o this_o membrane_n be_v very_o thick_a it_o also_o sometime_o run_v like_o a_o tendon_n from_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o forehead_n to_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o noll_n and_o the_o ear_n insomuch_o that_o fallopius_n warn_v we_o to_o take_v heed_n lest_o we_o mistake_v it_o for_o the_o pericranium_n and_o the_o pericranium_n for_o the_o periostium_fw-la and_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o common_a invest_v part_n of_o the_o head_n how_o they_o differ_v from_o the_o same_o part_n in_o other_o place_n of_o the_o body_n chap._n iii_o of_o the_o pericranium_n periostium_fw-la and_o the_o muscle_n about_o the_o head_n the_o membrane_n which_o lie_v next_o under_o the_o fleshy_a pannicle_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o it_o compass_v the_o whole_a scull_n on_o the_o outside_n the_o arabian_n pericranium_n pericranium_n call_v it_o almocat_n and_o almocatin_n laurentius_n will_v have_v it_o call_v periostium_fw-la and_o fallopius_n in_o his_o institution_n and_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr ossibus_fw-la fallopius_fw-la fallopius_fw-la and_o the_o 19_o chapter_n say_v that_o this_o membrane_n be_v common_a to_o all_o the_o bone_n about_o the_o scull_n &_o call_v pericranium_n but_o by_o his_o common_a name_n periostion_n it_o be_v situate_v betwixt_o the_o fleshy_a panicle_n and_o the_o periostium_fw-la to_o both_o which_o it_o be_v tie_v by_o certain_a fibres_n soft_a it_o be_v and_o thin_a but_o sight_n and_o solid_a say_v laurentius_n and_o of_o exquisite_a sense_n it_o arise_v from_o certain_a process_n of_o the_o dura_n meninx_n like_o thin_a membrane_n or_o rather_o ligament_n for_o they_o have_v the_o use_n of_o ligament_n pass_v through_o the_o suture_n or_o seam_n of_o the_o scull_n for_o every_o original_n his_o original_n one_o of_o these_o ligament_n be_v extend_v over_o that_o part_n of_o the_o scull_n against_o which_o they_o yssue_v and_o go_v on_o meet_v one_o with_o another_o and_o be_v exact_o unite_v so_o that_o all_o of_o they_o put_v together_o make_v a_o common_a membrane_n this_o membrane_n do_v not_o only_o encompass_v the_o scull_n but_o also_o the_o temporal_a muscle_n although_o the_o anatomist_n common_o take_v it_o in_o that_o place_n progress_fw-la progress_fw-la for_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o temporal_a muscle_n or_o for_o a_o tendon_n of_o they_o make_v they_o to_o have_v two_o tendon_n one_o outward_a another_o inward_a whereas_o indeed_o say_v fallopius_n in_o his_o observation_n it_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o part_n of_o the_o pericranium_n yet_o do_v it_o not_o clothe_v these_o muscle_n so_o far_o as_o to_o their_o insertion_n but_o only_o as_o far_o as_o the_o jugal_a bone_n and_o that_o for_o their_o safeguard_n and_o the_o better_a it_o may_v do_v they_o this_o good_a turn_n because_o in_o that_o place_n it_o be_v thick_a and_o hard_a it_o part_v therefore_o from_o these_o muscle_n near_o unto_o the_o jugal_a bone_n as_o be_v say_v where_o between_o the_o membrane_n and_o the_o muscle_n on_o either_o side_n there_o be_v a_o little_a what_o of_o fat_a to_o be_v find_v the_o use_n of_o this_o pericranium_n be_v to_o bind_v and_o roll_v the_o scull_n on_o the_o outside_n round_o about_o as_o it_o be_v with_o a_o roll_n or_o swath_a band_n whereby_o his_o bone_n be_v firm_v it_o knit_v also_o the_o use_n his_o use_n dura_n meninx_n to_o the_o skull_n and_o hang_v it_o so_o that_o it_o can_v fall_v or_o press_v upon_o the_o brain_n platerus_n add_v that_o it_o ty_v unto_o itself_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o head_n and_o that_o very_o strong_o because_o there_o be_v no_o flesh_n nor_o fat_a between_o they_o and_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o only_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o head_n when_o it_o be_v wound_v need_v not_o to_o besew_v together_o because_o the_o lip_n of_o it_o do_v platerus_n platerus_n not_o nor_o can_v start_v far_o asunder_o be_v hold_v together_o by_o this_o membrane_n next_o under_o this_o lie_v the_o periostium_fw-la which_o say_v vesalius_n you_o may_v sever_v from_o the_o pericranium_n with_o the_o point_n of_o a_o knife_n although_o fallopius_n think_v they_o be_v both_o one_o and_o laurentius_n bauhine_v periostium_fw-la falopius_fw-la bauhine_v conceyve_v that_o anatomist_n be_v deceive_v by_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o pericranium_n which_o here_o be_v necessary_a because_o it_o cover_v a_o noble_a bone_n but_o bauhine_v who_o we_o will_v now_o follow_v describe_v they_o several_o the_o periostium_fw-la therefore_o be_v a_o nervous_a membrane_n and_o therefore_o very_o strong_a and_o thin_a it_o cleave_v very_o strong_o to_o the_o skull_n as_o also_o it_o do_v to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bone_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o bone_n be_v very_o hard_a substance_n will_v not_o be_v â—ecle_fw-mi how_o the_o bone_n â—ecle_fw-mi alter_v or_o affect_v with_o any_o object_n &_o so_o want_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o tactile_a quality_n unless_o they_o have_v be_v cover_v with_o this_o membrane_n of_o exquisite_a sense_n by_o who_o assistance_n now_o they_o be_v not_o destitute_a of_o feeling_n whence_o by_o the_o grecian_n it_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v circumossalis_n about_o the_o bone_n for_o it_o compass_v all_o the_o bone_n except_v the_o tooth_n only_o say_v varolius_n but_o we_o may_v also_o except_v the_o inside_n of_o the_o scull_n and_o the_o articulation_n or_o jointe_n of_o the_o bone_n for_o if_o it_o have_v be_v extend_v over_o the_o joint_n we_o can_v not_o have_v move_v they_o without_o pain_n some_o say_v columbus_n be_v ignorant_a of_o this_o membrane_n have_v maintain_v that_o the_o bone_n themselves_o be_v not_o destitute_a of_o sense_n the_o muscle_n about_o the_o head_n be_v very_o many_o some_o arise_v from_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o scull_n head_n the_o muscle_n about_o the_o head_n other_o be_v dispose_v under_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o forehead_n move_v it_o for_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o eye_n whereupon_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o forehead_n be_v rugous_a full_a of_o transuerse_a and_o right_a line_n some_o also_o there_o be_v couch_v under_o the_o hairy_a scalp_n sometime_o for_o they_o be_v not_o perpetual_a by_o which_o the_o whole_a scalp_n and_o the_o ear_n in_o some_o man_n be_v move_v final_o other_o belong_v to_o the_o nether_a jaw_n for_o the_o
animal_n spirit_n be_v continual_o supply_v unto_o the_o instrument_n of_o sense_n and_o motion_n and_o by_o motion_n be_v spend_v &_o dissipate_v it_o be_v necessary_a there_o shall_v be_v great_a quantity_n of_o both_o kind_n of_o blood_n in_o this_o place_n mingle_v together_o to_o make_v supply_n of_o they_o the_o use_n of_o the_o dura_n meninx_n be_v to_o hold_v together_o the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o be_v mater_n the_o use_n of_o the_o dura_n mater_n a_o cover_n thereunto_o and_o to_o all_o the_o part_n of_o it_o for_o it_o compass_v about_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n also_o yea_o and_o all_o the_o nerve_n that_o issue_n out_o of_o the_o brain_n it_o also_o defend_v the_o brain_n from_o the_o impression_n of_o the_o scull_n or_o compression_n if_o by_o any_o outward_a injury_n it_o be_v beat_v downward_o it_o also_o preserve_v the_o artery_n which_o run_v in_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o brain_n that_o in_o their_o diastole_n they_o be_v not_o offend_v by_o the_o hardness_n of_o the_o scull_n moreover_o it_o divide_v the_o brain_n from_o the_o after-braine_n or_o cerebellum_fw-la as_o also_o the_o brain_n itself_o into_o a_o right_a part_n &_o a_o left_a final_o it_o produce_v ligament_n through_o the_o suture_n of_o the_o scull_n to_o make_v the_o pericranium_n and_o to_o fasten_v it_o to_o the_o scull_n that_o it_o may_v not_o sink_v down_o towards_o the_o brain_n as_o also_o to_o hold_v up_o the_o brain_n itself_o lest_o settle_n down_o it_o shall_v compress_v the_o ventricles_n which_o will_v cause_v sudden_a death_n and_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o dura_fw-la mater_fw-la or_o meninx_n wherein_o we_o have_v be_v somewhat_o prolix_a that_o nothing_o may_v escape_v worthy_a your_o observation_n now_o it_o follow_v that_o we_o entreat_v of_o the_o pia_n mater_n or_o thin_a meninx_n the_o dura_n mater_fw-la be_v take_v away_o we_o meet_v with_o the_o second_o membrane_n call_v pia_fw-la mater_fw-la meninx_n the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la or_o tenuis_fw-la meninx_n delineate_v unto_o you_o in_o the_o sixth_o table_n and_o the_o second_o figure_n but_o in_o the_o nine_o table_n &_o the_o three_o figure_n p_o p_o show_v the_o dura_n mater_n and_o o_o o_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la of_o which_o we_o now_o speak_v this_o membrane_n even_o consider_v of_o itself_o as_o also_o in_o comparison_n with_o the_o other_o membrane_n of_o the_o body_n be_v exceed_o thin_a and_o therefore_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o galen_n in_o his_o nine_o book_n de_fw-fr administrationibus_fw-la anatomicis_fw-la and_o the_o second_o chapter_n the_o name_n he_o have_v out_o of_o hippopocrates_n name_n his_o name_n his_o book_n of_o the_o fall_v sickness_n where_o he_o say_v that_o this_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d divide_v the_o middle_a of_o the_o brain_n or_o the_o brain_n in_o the_o midst_n galen_n also_o in_o his_o eight_o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n and_o the_o nine_o chapter_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v the_o membrane_n like_o the_o secundine_a or_o after_o birth_n because_o it_o contain_v or_o hold_v fast_o the_o vein_n and_o artery_n of_o the_o brain_n lest_o whilst_o they_o move_v they_o shall_v be_v displace_v their_o basis_n or_o foundation_n be_v but_o weak_a and_o infirm_a this_o membrane_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n contain_v within_o the_o skull_n immediate_o cover_v the_o brain_n and_o there_o be_v just_a of_o his_o figure_n in_o magnitude_n answerable_a to_o the_o brain_n &_o the_o part_n magnitude_n his_o figure_n magnitude_n thereof_o but_o the_o substance_n or_o body_n of_o it_o be_v exceed_o thin_a and_o sine_fw-la and_o yet_o cabrolius_n and_o laurentius_n say_v it_o be_v double_a it_o be_v thin_a that_o it_o may_v more_o easy_o insinuate_v itself_o into_o the_o substance_n substance_n convolution_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o yet_o not_o be_v offensive_a by_o the_o weight_n of_o it_o to_o the_o brain_n upon_o which_o it_o lie_v and_o beside_o to_o carry_v the_o vessel_n quite_o through_o the_o same_o tab_v 6._o fig._n 2._o â—â—â—_o table_n 9_o figure_n 3_o oh_o it_o be_v soft_a and_o of_o exquisite_a sense_n because_o it_o communicate_v the_o tactive_a virtue_n to_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o nerve_n and_o archangelus_n say_v it_o be_v the_o very_a instrument_n of_o touch_v this_o nature_n place_v between_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o dura_fw-la meninx_n lest_o the_o brain_n say_v galen_n in_o his_o 8._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n and_o the_o 9_o chapter_n shall_v be_v offend_v by_o so_o hard_a a_o nature_n the_o counsel_n of_o nature_n neighbour_n for_o even_o as_o say_v plato_n between_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o fire_n because_o their_o nature_n be_v very_o contrary_a god_n interpose_v the_o water_n and_o the_o air_n so_o galen_n say_v that_o nature_n betwixt_o the_o brayn_n and_o the_o skull_n which_o be_v part_n of_o very_o different_a substance_n have_v place_v these_o 2._o membrane_n or_o minninge_n for_o it_o there_o have_v be_v none_o but_o this_o thin_a pia_fw-la mater_fw-la it_o can_v not_o have_v agree_v with_o the_o skull_n without_o offence_n if_o there_o have_v be_v none_o but_o the_o dura_fw-la meninx_n yet_o the_o brain_n will_v have_v be_v therewith_o offend_v that_o therefore_o neither_o the_o brain_n nor_o his_o cover_n shall_v endure_v any_o uncouth_a violence_n nature_n have_v immediate_o cover_v the_o brain_n with_o this_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la and_o then_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la have_v she_o compass_v with_o the_o thick_a for_o by_o how_o much_o the_o thick_a be_v soft_a than_o the_o bone_n by_o so_o much_o be_v the_o brain_n soft_a than_o the_o thin_a if_o you_o will_v know_v what_o distance_n there_o be_v between_o these_o two_o membrane_n you_o must_v make_v a_o little_a hole_n in_o the_o thick_a and_o then_o put_v a_o hollow_a bugle_n to_o it_o and_o blow_v it_o and_o you_o shall_v perceive_v that_o the_o distance_n between_o they_o will_v contain_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o air_n by_o which_o you_o may_v imagine_v how_o far_o they_o be_v sever_v when_o the_o man_n be_v alive_a this_o membrane_n do_v not_o only_o clean_a close_o to_o the_o brain_n and_o cover_v it_o immediate_o as_o it_o the_o progress_n of_o it_o his_o natural_a coat_n as_o a_o mother_n embrace_v her_o infant_n whence_o platerus_n think_v it_o be_v call_v pia_fw-la mater_fw-la lest_o the_o soft_a and_o moist_a substance_n thereof_o shall_v be_v sever_v by_o the_o continual_a motion_n wherewith_o it_o be_v wrought_v up_o and_o down_o for_o we_o perceive_v that_o the_o brain_n will_v easy_o run_v abroad_o when_o it_o be_v take_v away_o but_o also_o it_o insinuate_v itself_o into_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o extend_v itself_o unto_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o cavity_n of_o his_o ventricle_n say_v galen_n in_o his_o 8._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n and_o the_o 8._o chapter_n line_v they_o round_o within_o the_o vulgar_a anatomist_n say_v laurentius_n think_v that_o it_o pass_v into_o the_o ventricle_n from_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o brayn_n but_o the_o truth_n be_v that_o it_o ascend_v from_o below_o where_o the_o infundibulum_fw-la or_o tunnel_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v situate_a and_o where_o those_o small_a artery_n derive_v from_o the_o sleepy_a artery_n call_v carotide_n do_v pass_v into_o the_o brain_n at_o the_o side_n of_o the_o wedgebone_n so_o that_o even_o in_o the_o bottom_n it_o meet_v without_o the_o skull_n it_o clothe_v the_o marrow_n of_o the_o back_n and_o the_o nerve_n the_o bone_n also_o say_v archangelus_n do_v seem_v to_o be_v cover_v with_o this_o thin_a membrane_n which_o now_o archangelus_n archangelus_n have_v with_o his_o use_n change_v his_o name_n be_v call_v periostium_fw-la but_o how_o it_o make_v the_o infundibulum_fw-la or_o tunnell_n call_v also_o peluis_fw-la the_o basin_n and_o how_o it_o invest_v the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o phlegme-glandule_a we_o shall_v declare_v afterward_o the_o use_n of_o it_o be_v to_o cover_v and_o establish_v the_o brain_n the_o afterbrain_n the_o marrow_n of_o the_o spin_v and_o the_o nerve_n as_o also_o all_o the_o vessel_n which_o run_v through_o it_o it_o knit_v together_o mater_fw-la the_o use_n of_o the_o pia_fw-it mater_fw-la so_o that_o they_o be_v more_o safe_o and_o commodious_o distribute_v through_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o through_o all_o his_o part_n add_v hereto_o that_o which_o archangelus_n determine_v in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o anatomy_n that_o it_o be_v the_o most_o exquisite_a and_o proper_a instrument_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o touch_v chap._n viii_o of_o the_o vessel_n disseminated_a through_o the_o brain_n the_o vessel_n disseminated_a through_o the_o brain_n be_v vein_n and_o artery_n and_o those_o sinus_n or_o canalle_n whereof_o we_o entreat_v at_o large_a in_o the_o former_a chapter_n
out_o of_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la or_o after-braine_n vesalius_n say_v from_o the_o basis_n or_o foundation_n of_o the_o brain_n archangelus_n from_o the_o globous_a part_n of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n betwixt_o the_o brain_n itself_o and_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la for_o those_o that_o say_v it_o have_v a_o double_a beginning_n say_v as_o much_o as_o nothing_o platerus_n think_v that_o it_o proceed_v like_o a_o new_a long_a brain_n from_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o other_o and_o receive_v increase_v of_o strength_n from_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la also_o columbus_n say_v it_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o long_a columbus_n columbus_n brain_n have_v a_o double_a beginning_n the_o one_o great_a from_o the_o brain_n itself_o the_o other_o lesser_a from_o the_o after_o brain_n the_o beginning_n it_o have_v from_o the_o brain_n be_v but_o single_a that_o it_o have_v from_o the_o after-braine_n be_v double_a and_o as_o it_o be_v fork_v into_o a_o right_n and_o a_o left_a the_o great_a original_n be_v from_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o brain_n but_o a_o little_a distant_a from_o the_o region_n of_o the_o optic_a sinew_n and_o therefore_o say_v he_o i_o be_o constrain_v to_o confess_v that_o the_o 3_o 4_o 5_o 6_o 7_o and_o 8._o pair_n of_o sinew_n do_v not_o arise_v from_o the_o brain_n but_o from_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n varollius_n who_o indeed_o be_v excellent_a in_o dissect_v of_o the_o head_n say_v that_o there_o issue_n from_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la four_o root_n make_v one_o notable_a trunk_n which_o they_o call_v the_o varollius_n varollius_n spinall_a marrow_n out_o of_o which_o do_v issue_n nerve_n derive_v unto_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n laurentius_n be_v also_o of_o the_o same_o opinion_n the_o truth_n be_v that_o it_o be_v a_o production_n as_o well_o of_o the_o brain_n itself_o as_o of_o the_o after-braine_n out_o of_o which_o it_o proceed_v as_o a_o stem_n from_o the_o root_n which_o laurentius_n laurentius_n we_o shall_v more_o particular_o show_v afterward_o this_o spinall_a marrow_n lie_v under_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la to_o which_o it_o be_v continue_a take_v up_o seimation_n the_o seimation_n that_o hollowness_n of_o the_o scull_n which_o be_v above_o the_o great_a perforation_n or_o hole_n in_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o noll_n or_o backpart_n of_o the_o head_n and_o the_o beginning_n thereof_o for_o the_o length_n of_o four_o finger_n thereof_o and_o proportion_n thereof_o breadth_n cleave_v to_o the_o brain_n within_o the_o scull_n table_n 17_o fig._n 1._o from_o d_o to_o f_o the_o latitude_n and_o depth_n of_o that_o original_n be_v so_o equal_a that_o it_o appear_v almost_o circular_a near_o the_o quantity_n and_o form_n of_o a_o hen_n egg_n as_o archangelus_n say_v and_o from_o this_o original_a those_o nerve_n which_o be_v account_v the_o proper_a sinew_n of_o the_o brain_n together_o with_o the_o organ_n of_o smell_a be_v produce_v and_o derive_v into_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o five_o sense_n as_o varollius_n plater_n archangelus_n laurentius_n and_o dominicus_n do_v joint_o agree_v but_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n proper_o so_o call_v or_o the_o other_o part_n of_o it_o which_o be_v continual_a with_o the_o former_a table_n 16_o fig._n 1._o be_v whole_o without_o the_o scull_n for_o when_o the_o marrow_n of_o call_v the_o spinall_a marrow_n proper_o so_o call_v the_o brain_n now_o lengthen_v attain_v unto_o the_o great_a perforation_n in_o the_o nowle-bone_n tab._n 13_o fig._n 17._o h_o it_o descend_v and_o pass_v along_o through_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o rackebone_n even_o to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o os_fw-la sacrum_fw-la or_o holy_a bone_n it_o pass_v i_o say_v through_o the_o bone_n themselves_o least_o be_v soft_a and_o like_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n as_o galen_n speak_v it_o shall_v in_o the_o length_n galen_n galen_n of_o his_o production_n suffer_v violence_n by_o those_o thing_n which_o may_v light_v upon_o it_o whereas_o now_o the_o bone_n be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o safe_a conduct_n and_o firm_a defence_n thereunto_o all_o the_o way_n that_o it_o pass_v course_n his_o course_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o grecian_n call_v this_o perforated_a part_n of_o the_o spin_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d sacram_fw-la fistulam_fw-la the_o holy_a pipe_n sacred_a or_o holy_a because_o it_o contain_v a_o principal_a part_n and_o a_o pipe_n because_o it_o be_v as_o it_o be_v fistulate_v or_o bore_v through_o which_o cavity_n such_o a_o substance_n be_v transport_v as_o where_o from_o all_o the_o other_o nerve_n be_v produce_v it_o be_v invest_v or_o clothe_v with_o three_o membrane_n which_o hippoc._n in_o his_o book_n the_o art_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o first_o of_o which_o according_a to_o galen_n arisi_v from_o a_o strong_a ligament_n exact_o fasten_v first_o the_o 3._o membrane_n of_o the_o marrow_n the_o first_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o vertebra_n or_o rackebone_n which_o ligament_n in_o the_o backpart_n determine_v into_o a_o nervous_a and_o strong_a coat_n lest_o in_o the_o bend_n or_o extension_n of_o the_o spin_v it_o shall_v be_v break_v or_o offend_v by_o the_o bone_n because_o it_o be_v contain_v not_o as_o the_o brain_n in_o any_o immovable_a bone_n but_o in_o rackbone_n which_o be_v not_o only_o move_v but_o also_o sometime_o somewhat_o dislocate_v wherefore_o the_o nerve_n also_o which_o arise_v from_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n proper_o so_o call_v lest_o they_o shall_v be_v offend_v by_o the_o hardness_n of_o the_o bone_n through_o which_o they_o pass_v be_v clothe_v beside_o the_o two_o mening_n with_o this_o three_o coat_n also_o about_o this_o be_v a_o thick_a and_o slimy_a humour_n pour_v as_o also_o about_o all_o the_o joint_n and_o part_n humour_n the_o use_n of_o the_o humour_n that_o be_v to_o be_v move_v lest_o be_v over_o dry_v they_o shall_v suffer_v pain_n and_o so_o their_o action_n or_o function_n be_v interrupt_v which_o wisdom_n of_o nature_n man_n do_v imitate_v when_o about_o the_o axletree_n of_o cart_n and_o coach_n they_o smear_v a_o soft_a and_o viscous_a grease_n that_o they_o may_v more_o current_o move_v the_o second_o membrane_n arise_v from_o the_o dura_fw-la mater_fw-la or_o hard_a meninx_n the_o three_o from_o membrane_n the_o second_o and_o three_o membrane_n the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la or_o thin_a meninx_n tab._n 16._o figure_n 1._o express_v the_o coat_n join_v together_o which_v two_o be_v not_o separate_v as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o brain_n moreover_o the_o thick_a secure_v the_o marrow_n from_o the_o bone_n the_o thin_a infold_v his_o vessel_n and_o close_o bind_v together_o his_o soft_a substance_n for_o through_o the_o thin_a membrane_n the_o vein_n and_o artery_n which_o nourish_v marrow_n the_o vessel_n of_o the_o marrow_n the_o marrow_n and_o supply_v it_o with_o vital_a spirit_n be_v convey_v which_o vessel_n we_o have_v observe_v to_o proceed_v from_o the_o vein_n and_o artery_n of_o the_o loin_n as_o we_o have_v already_o show_v in_o the_o three_o book_n the_o substance_n of_o this_o spinall_a marrow_n be_v all_o one_o with_o that_o of_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n or_o rather_o of_o the_o globus_fw-la marrow_n wherefore_o it_o be_v somewhat_o hard_a compact_a and_o white_a yet_o substance_n his_o substance_n so_o that_o it_o be_v much_o hard_a than_o the_o brain_n itself_o and_o galen_n in_o diverse_a place_n of_o his_o nine_o galen_n galen_n book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la say_v that_o this_o spinall_a marrow_n be_v the_o original_n of_o the_o hard_a nerve_n as_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v of_o the_o soft_a for_o to_o the_o strength_n of_o motion_n a_o hard_a production_n be_v more_o behooveful_a and_o for_o the_o exactness_n of_o sense_n a_o soft_a note_v again_o that_o the_o further_a it_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o brain_n by_o so_o much_o it_o be_v hard_a and_o more_o compact_a neither_o be_v it_o answerable_a to_o the_o colour_n and_o hardness_n of_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la for_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la or_o afterbrain_n be_v only_o white_a in_o the_o surface_n of_o his_o ventricle_n otherwhere_a it_o be_v yellowish_a or_o ash-coloured_n but_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n be_v very_o white_a most_o like_a to_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n save_v that_o it_o be_v without_o any_o contortion_n or_o convolution_n because_o it_o be_v make_v only_o to_o receive_v and_o not_o further_o to_o labour_n that_o it_o have_v receive_v with_o the_o brain_n it_o have_v these_o thing_n common_a first_o his_o substance_n second_o that_o it_o be_v a_o brain_n what_o it_o have_v common_a with_o the_o brain_n original_n of_o sinew_n ga._n add_v of_o all_o sinew_n and_o be_v compass_v with_o both_o the_o meninge_n yet_o herein_o they_o say_v it_o do_v not_o communicate_v with_o it_o because_o the_o brain_n though_o it_o be_v contain_v within_o a_o immovable_a bone_n
the_o original_n of_o all_o the_o sinew_n shall_v be_v but_o one_o simple_a and_o single_a original_n for_o if_o all_o the_o artery_n and_o vein_n be_v reduce_v to_o one_o original_a the_o artery_n to_o the_o heart_n the_o vein_n to_o the_o liver_n it_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o wisdom_n of_o nature_n that_o the_o nerve_n also_o shall_v proceed_v from_o one_o original_a because_o these_o be_v three_o common_a organ_n or_o instrument_n of_o the_o body_n through_o which_o the_o animal_n vital_a and_o natural_a faculty_n be_v by_o the_o help_n of_o spirit_n transport_v together_o with_o the_o vital_a &_o natural_a blood_n and_o this_o both_o hypocrates_n &_o plato_n seem_v to_o have_v know_v hypocrates_n who_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la ossium_fw-la write_v that_o the_o original_a much_o hipp._n &_o plato_n insinuate_v so_o much_o of_o sinew_n be_v from_o the_o occipitium_fw-la which_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o afterbrain_n and_o plato_n in_o timaeo_n speak_v of_o all_o the_o sinew_n write_v that_o god_n dispose_v the_o nerve_n about_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o head_n and_o compass_v they_o with_o a_o spinal_a marrow_n which_o be_v of_o a_o substance_n like_a unto_o they_o now_o the_o original_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n be_v to_o be_v out_o of_o the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o brain_n why_o the_o spinal_a marrow_n arise_v out_o of_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o brain_n brain_n tab._n 25._o fig._n 2._o b_o c_o and_o character_n 4._o do_v manifest_o show_v it_o because_o through_o it_o as_o it_o be_v through_o a_o common_a watercourse_n the_o spirit_n which_o be_v perfect_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v to_o be_v derive_v into_o other_o riveret_n and_o so_o into_o the_o whole_a body_n wherefore_o their_o beginning_n be_v to_o be_v place_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o brain_n near_o the_o storehouse_n or_o shop_n of_o the_o spirit_n whence_o they_o may_v receive_v they_o as_o it_o be_v with_o a_o full_a stream_n like_v as_o anatomy_n teach_v we_o that_o the_o artery_n and_o the_o vein_n do_v arise_v out_o of_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o liver_n it_o will_v be_v object_v that_o this_o trunk_n which_o here_o we_o call_v the_o spinal_a marrow_n ought_v not_o to_o have_v that_o denomination_n till_o it_o have_v attain_v into_o the_o vertebra_n or_o rackebone_n of_o the_o chine_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v improper_o say_v that_o the_o optic_a nerve_n do_v arise_v from_o objection_n objection_n the_o spinall_n marrow_n we_o answer_v that_o we_o have_v before_o sufficient_o satisfy_v this_o doubt_n in_o the_o 15._o chapter_n of_o this_o book_n yet_o for_o further_a contentment_n if_o they_o will_v be_v content_v with_o reason_n we_o answer_v by_o instance_n do_v not_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o sight_n hear_v and_o of_o instance_n answer_v by_o instance_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o sense_n receyve_v their_o name_n from_o the_o organ_n to_o which_o they_o be_v destinate_a before_o they_o touch_v those_o organ_n yea_o whilst_o they_o remain_v within_o the_o scull_n so_o also_o this_o marrow_n may_v be_v call_v the_o marrow_n of_o the_o back_n or_o the_o spinall_n marrow_n before_o it_o enter_v into_o the_o spine_n for_o whilst_o it_o remain_v within_o the_o scull_n it_o be_v divide_v from_o the_o brain_n and_o in_o it_o may_v be_v observe_v proper_a fibres_n belong_v to_o itself_o alone_o of_o the_o after-braine_n or_o cerebellum_fw-la table_n 25._o fig._n 1._o show_v the_o brain_n take_v out_o of_o the_o skull_n separate_v from_o the_o dura_n meninx_n and_o invert_v who_o right_a side_n exhibit_v the_o original_a of_o the_o spinal_a marrow_n and_o the_o seven_o coniugation_n of_o the_o sinew_n of_o the_o brain_n according_a to_o the_o ordinary_a receive_a opinion_n but_o the_o left_a side_n show_v their_o true_a original_n fig._n 2._o show_v the_o brain_n invert_v &_o the_o part_n thereof_o in_o the_o basis_n distract_v as_o also_o the_o original_a of_o the_o spinall_n marrow_n out_o of_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o after-braine_n the_o largeness_n of_o the_o ventricle_n and_o the_o original_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n out_o of_o the_o marrow_n tabula_fw-la xxv_o fig_n i._o fig_n two_o the_o second_o figure_n a._n the_o right_a part_n of_o the_o spinall_n marrow_n reflect_v upward_o to_o his_o own_o side_n that_o so_o the_o original_n thereof_o which_o be_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o ventricle_n may_v be_v perceyve_v c_o b._n the_o beginning_n of_o this_o marrow_n as_o it_o respect_v the_o hollowness_n of_o the_o ventricle_n d_o e._n the_o optic_a nerve_n reflect_v about_o the_o root_n of_o the_o spinall_n marrow_n the_o first_o original_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n f_o g_o h._n the_o whole_a cavity_n of_o the_o ventricle_n f_z show_v the_o anterior_a g_o the_o middle_a and_o h_o the_o posterior_n cavity_n hollow_v in_o the_o brain_n i_o k._n the_o complication_n of_o vessel_n call_v plexus_fw-la choroide_v about_o the_o root_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n in_o the_o ventricle_n l_o m._n a_o portion_n of_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n which_o together_o with_o the_o spinall_n marrow_n make_v the_o cleave_a which_o enter_v into_o the_o ventricle_n n_z o._n the_o length_n of_o the_o callous_a body_n which_o join_v together_o the_o two_o side_n of_o the_o brain_n p_o q_o r._n portion_n of_o the_o brain_n reflect_v backward_o that_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o ventricle_n may_v better_o be_v perceyve_v this_o process_n be_v a_o very_a notable_a one_o tab_v 25_o figure_n 1_o k_o arise_v on_o either_o side_n out_o of_o the_o bridge_n the_o process_n call_v the_o bridge_n cerebellum_fw-la near_o the_o trunk_n whereof_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n be_v amass_v and_o run_v overthwart_o forward_a and_o downward_o by_o the_o mediation_n whereof_o this_o after-braine_n embrace_v the_o forepart_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o the_o transuersall_a or_o overthwart_a muscle_n of_o the_o larynx_n make_v the_o three_o pair_n of_o common_a muscle_n do_v embrace_v the_o backpart_n of_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o oesophagus_fw-la or_o gullet_n and_o thence_o be_v call_v oesophagaei_fw-la and_o this_o process_n be_v distinguish_v by_o a_o course_n of_o overthwart_a fibre_n with_o a_o kind_n of_o eminency_n from_o the_o right_a fibres_fw-fr of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n this_o process_n varollius_n call_v pontem_fw-la cerebelli_fw-la the_o bridge_n of_o the_o after-braine_n from_o the_o similitude_n it_o have_v with_o a_o bridge_n because_o under_o it_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n run_v as_o a_o stream_n run_v under_o a_o bridge_n at_o this_o process_n the_o nerve_n of_o hear_v hang_v and_o hence_o arise_v table_n 25_o fig._n 1_o two_o so_o that_o we_o may_v bold_o avouch_v that_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la be_v also_o the_o first_o original_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o hear_v bridge_n how_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n arise_v out_o of_o the_o bridge_n and_o this_o beginning_n of_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n teach_v we_o the_o cause_n why_o more_o from_o their_o infancy_n be_v deaf_a then_o destitute_a of_o any_o other_o sense_n for_o because_o the_o nerve_n proceed_v from_o the_o afterbrain_n and_o run_v no_o long_a course_n they_o be_v easy_o fill_v and_o choke_v with_o mucous_a and_o slimy_a excrement_n &_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n as_o say_v cassius_n in_o his_o 17_o problem_n why_o child_n from_o their_o resolve_v two_o pretty_a question_n resolve_v infancy_n loose_v their_o hear_n of_o both_o ear_n together_o whereas_o upon_o a_o accidental_a disease_n it_o be_v more_o usual_a to_o have_v one_o alone_o vitiate_a see_v therefore_o almost_o half_o of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n and_o this_o process_n or_o bridge_n from_o which_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n arise_v do_v proceed_v from_o the_o after-braine_n varollius_n think_v that_o galen_n have_v great_a wrong_n to_o be_v tax_v by_o the_o late_a writer_n when_o as_o they_o affirm_v against_o neoteric_o galen_n injure_v by_o the_o neoteric_o he_o that_o no_o nerve_n have_v his_o original_n from_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la for_o say_v he_o some_o nerve_n arise_v only_o from_o the_o brain_n and_o not_o from_o the_o after-braine_n as_o the_o optic_a sinew_n some_o from_o the_o after-braine_n only_o and_o not_o from_o the_o brain_n as_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n some_o from_o they_o both_o together_o as_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o spin_v but_o no_o nerve_n arise_v immediate_o out_o of_o any_o of_o the_o two_o varollius_n varollius_n principle_n but_o all_o out_o of_o their_o own_o principle_n either_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n or_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o that_o transuerse_a process_n which_o we_o call_v the_o bridge_n of_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o eye_n next_o follow_v the_o nerve_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o because_o there_o be_v two_o pair_n of_o they_o the_o one_o called_z optici_fw-la the_o
qvest._n 1_o whether_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o principal_a faculty_n the_o animal_n faculty_n be_v by_o the_o physician_n distinguish_v into_o faculty_n of_o sense_n faculty_n of_o motion_n and_o principal_a faculty_n a_o division_n of_o the_o animal_n faculty_n faculty_n the_o sensitive_a faculty_n be_v double_a one_o externall_n who_o object_n be_v singular_a or_o one_o the_o other_o internal_a who_o object_n be_v common_a or_o manifold_a this_o internal_a faculty_n the_o sense_n the_o common_a sense_n philosopher_n call_v the_o primary_n or_o common_a sense_n and_o this_o be_v it_o which_o alone_o make_v the_o difference_n of_o image_n as_o we_o call_v they_o or_o abstract_v notion_n she_o sit_v in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n as_o in_o a_o throne_n of_o majesty_n behold_v the_o form_n or_o idea_n of_o all_o thing_n under_o her_o foot_n this_o be_v she_o that_o discern_v betwixt_o sweet_a and_o bitter_a and_o distinguish_v white_a for_o sweet_a this_o common_a sense_n aristotle_n compare_v to_o the_o centre_n of_o a_o circle_n because_o the_o shape_n and_o form_n receive_v by_o the_o outward_a sense_n be_v refer_v or_o bring_v hereunto_o as_o unto_o their_o judge_n and_o censor_n after_o this_o inward_a sensitive_a faculty_n do_v follow_v the_o principal_a faculty_n and_o first_o of_o all_o the_o imagination_n which_o conceyve_v apprehend_v and_o retain_v the_o same_o image_n or_o representation_n imagination_n the_o imagination_n which_o the_o common_a sense_n receive_v but_o now_o more_o pure_a and_o free_a from_o all_o contagion_n of_o the_o matter_n so_o that_o though_o those_o thing_n that_o move_v the_o sense_n be_v take_v away_o or_o other_o wise_a do_v vanish_v yet_o their_o footstep_n and_o express_a character_n may_v remain_v with_o us._n and_o this_o conception_n or_o apprehension_n we_o call_v fancy_n by_o this_o fancy_n that_o supreme_a &_o sovereign_a intellectual_a power_n of_o the_o soul_n be_v stir_v up_o and_o awake_v to_o the_o contemplation_n of_o the_o idea_n intelligence_n the_o intelligence_n or_o notion_n of_o universal_a thing_n final_o all_o these_o be_v receyve_v by_o the_o memory_n which_o as_o a_o faithful_a recorder_n or_o master_n of_o the_o roll_n do_v preserve_v store_v up_o and_o dispose_v in_o due_a order_n all_o the_o forename_a notion_n memory_n the_o memory_n or_o abstract_a form_n and_o these_o be_v the_o principal_a faculty_n according_a to_o the_o philosopher_n and_o the_o physician_n concern_v which_o we_o have_v three_o thing_n to_o inquire_v the_o first_o whether_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o they_o all_o second_o whether_o in_o the_o brain_n question_n 3._o question_n these_o diverse_a faculty_n have_v diverse_a mansion_n and_o last_o whether_o these_o principal_a faculty_n do_v result_v or_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o temperament_n or_o from_o the_o conformation_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o whither_o they_o be_v similer_n or_o organical_a concern_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o reasonable_a soul_n the_o opinion_n of_o the_o philosopher_n and_o opinion_n diverse_a opinion_n physician_n be_v very_o different_a herophilus_n place_v it_o about_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n xenocrates_n in_o the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n erasistratus_n in_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o brain_n empedocles_n the_o epicure_n blemor_fw-la herophylus_n xenocrates_n erasistratus_n empedocles_n moschion_n blemor_fw-la and_o the_o egyptian_n in_o the_o chest_n moschion_n in_o the_o whole_a body_n heraclitus_n in_o the_o outward_a motion_n herodotus_n in_o the_o ear_n blemor_fw-la the_o arabian_a in_o the_o eye_n because_o the_o eye_n be_v the_o discoverer_n of_o the_o mind_n and_o so_o fit_v and_o compose_v to_o all_o the_o affection_n and_o affect_n of_o the_o same_o that_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v another_o soul_n for_o when_o we_o kiss_v the_o eye_n we_o think_v we_o touch_v the_o soul_n itself_o strato_z the_o naturalist_n think_v the_o soul_n inhabit_v in_o the_o eyebrow_n because_o they_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o pride_n and_o disdain_n and_o therefore_o the_o poet_n be_v wont_v to_o call_v pride_n the_o eyebrow_n provethe_v strato_n physicus_fw-la provethe_v and_o we_o common_o say_v of_o a_o insolent_a man_n that_o we_o see_v pride_n sit_v upon_o his_o brow_n moreover_o from_o the_o hair_n of_o the_o brow_n the_o physiognomer_n gather_v sign_n of_o the_o disposition_n kickshaw_n strato_z his_o physiognomy_n of_o the_o kickshaw_n of_o the_o mind_n for_o if_o they_o be_v straight_o it_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o a_o soft_a and_o flexible_a disposition_n if_o they_o be_v inflect_v near_o the_o nose_n they_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o a_o scurrilous_a buffoon_n if_o they_o be_v inflect_v near_o the_o temple_n they_o argue_v a_o scoff_a parasite_n if_o they_o bend_v all_o downward_o they_o be_v a_o argument_n of_o a_o envious_a inclination_n the_o perepateticke_n and_o stoic_n do_v all_o of_o they_o place_n the_o faculty_n of_o sense_n and_o understanding_n in_o the_o heart_n because_o say_v they_o that_o that_o be_v the_o peripatetic_n the_o opinion_n of_o the_o peripatetic_n principle_n or_o beginning_n of_o motion_n be_v also_o the_o original_n of_o sense_n but_o the_o heart_n be_v the_o principle_n of_o all_o motion_n because_o it_o be_v the_o hot_a of_o all_o the_o bowel_n and_o a_o live_a fountain_n of_o natural_a heat_n moreover_o in_o passion_n of_o the_o mind_n as_o agony_n fear_n faint_n and_o such_o like_a the_o spirit_n and_o the_o heat_n return_n unto_o the_o heart_n as_o unto_o their_o prince_n and_o for_o this_o authority_n hippolito_n authority_n they_o bring_v the_o authority_n of_o divine_a hypocrates_n in_o his_o golden_a book_n of_o the_o heart_n where_o he_o say_v the_o soul_n of_o a_o man_n be_v seat_v in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n &_o from_o thence_o command_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o it_o be_v nourish_v neither_o with_o meat_n nor_o drink_v from_o the_o belly_n but_o with_o a_o bright_a and_o pure_a substance_n segregated_a from_o the_o blood_n we_o with_o hypocrates_n plato_n galen_n and_o all_o physician_n do_v determine_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o all_o the_o animal_n faculty_n for_o if_o the_o brain_n be_v offend_v wound_a refrigerated_a physician_n the_o opinion_n of_o the_o physician_n inflame_v compress_a or_o after_o any_o other_o manner_n affect_v as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o frenzy_n melencholia_n charos_n chatoche_n or_o epilepsy_n we_o may_v discern_v a_o manifest_a impeachment_n of_o all_o the_o animal_n function_n which_o if_o we_o desire_v to_o cure_v we_o apply_v our_o remedy_n not_o to_o the_o heart_n but_o to_o the_o faculty_n that_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o animal_n faculty_n brain_n but_o if_o the_o heart_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o principal_a faculty_n then_o in_o all_o affection_n or_o notable_a distemper_n thereof_o all_o the_o function_n shall_v be_v interrupt_v because_o the_o action_n be_v from_o the_o temperament_n but_o in_o a_o hectic_a fever_n in_o which_o there_o be_v a_o utter_a alienation_n of_o the_o temperament_n the_o voluntary_a and_o principal_a faculty_n remain_v sound_a and_o untainted_a when_o the_o heart_n be_v violent_o move_v as_o in_o palpitation_n neither_o be_v the_o voluntary_a motion_n of_o the_o part_n deprave_a nor_o reason_n itself_o who_o will_v deny_v that_o the_o vital_a faculty_n be_v oppugn_v by_o a_o pestilent_a air_n the_o bite_a of_o a_o venomous_a creature_n or_o by_o take_v of_o poison_n but_o all_o those_o that_o be_v so_o affect_v do_v yet_o enjoy_v their_o sense_n and_o reason_n if_o say_v galen_n in_o his_o 2._o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la hippocratis_fw-la &_o plat._n you_o bear_v the_o heart_n and_o press_v it_o you_o shall_v perceive_v that_o the_o creature_n will_v not_o be_v hinder_v in_o his_o voice_n his_o breathe_n or_o any_o other_o voluntary_a action_n and_o whereas_o hypocrates_n place_v the_o soul_n in_o the_o heart_n haply_o he_o speak_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o common_a people_n as_o he_o use_v oftentimes_o to_o do_v now_o the_o vulgar_a imagine_v expound_v hip._n expound_v that_o the_o soul_n be_v in_o the_o heart_n so_o he_o call_v the_o diaphragma_n or_o midriff_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o mind_n when_o as_o notwithstanding_o those_o umble_n have_v no_o power_n whereby_o the_o creature_n do_v understand_v any_o thing_n as_o he_o teach_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr morbo_fw-la sacro_fw-la or_o the_o fall_v sickness_n or_o we_o say_v that_o by_o the_o soul_n in_o that_o place_n he_o understand_v the_o chief_a instrument_n of_o the_o heat_n hip._n often_o use_v the_o word_n soul_n for_o heat_n soul_n to_o wit_n the_o heat_n so_o in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr diaeta_fw-la he_o common_o use_v the_o word_n soul_n for_o heat_n as_o when_o he_o say_v that_o the_o soul_n of_o man_n be_v increase_v even_o unto_o his_o death_n and_o again_o in_o the_o same_o book_n
〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d teach_v we_o that_o all_o the_o nerve_n which_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v altogether_o distinguish_v and_o separate_v in_o their_o original_n progress_n and_o insertion_n except_v only_o the_o optic_n which_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o their_o journey_n do_v meet_v &_o that_o necessary_o that_o they_o may_v pass_v direct_o to_o the_o apple_n of_o intersect_v none_o but_o the_o optic_n do_v intersect_v the_o eye_n that_o they_o may_v not_o grow_v flaccid_a or_o loose_a in_o their_o long_a journey_n be_v very_o soft_a that_o the_o simple_a &_o single_a object_n of_o the_o eye_n may_v not_o seem_v double_a and_o final_o that_o the_o form_n and_o image_n of_o visible_a thing_n may_v be_v unite_v only_o therefore_o the_o optic_a nerve_n do_v meet_v yet_o so_o that_o they_o never_o intersect_v or_o cross_v one_o the_o other_o we_o have_v also_o of_o late_o observe_v say_v laurentius_n that_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o second_o conjugation_n have_v be_v continual_a in_o their_o original_n as_o for_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n the_o right_a be_v separate_v from_o the_o left_a never_o cut_v one_o overthwart_o another_o it_o be_v therefore_o absurd_a to_o refer_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o convulsion_n and_o palsy_n which_o happen_v on_o the_o adverse_a side_n to_o the_o intersection_n of_o the_o nerve_n &_o their_o cross_a permutation_n as_o aretaeus_n will_v have_v it_o because_o it_o be_v a_o mere_a fable_n some_o conceive_v that_o not_o the_o nerve_n but_o the_o vein_n and_o small_a artery_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v intersect_v the_o 2._o opinion_n that_o the_o spirit_n pass_v by_o the_o artery_n which_o intersect_v implicate_v first_o in_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n then_o in_o those_o two_o labarynthian_a texture_n the_o one_o call_v choroide_n the_o other_o rete_fw-la mirabile_fw-la so_o that_o they_o be_v divaricate_v out_o of_o the_o right_a side_n into_o the_o left_a and_o our_o of_o the_o left_a side_n into_o the_o right_n they_o think_v therefore_o that_o when_o the_o ventricle_n on_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o part_n thereof_o be_v obstruct_v or_o compress_v the_o left_a side_n be_v convel_v or_o resolve_v because_o the_o intercourse_n of_o the_o spirit_n be_v intercept_v by_o the_o oppression_n or_o obstruction_n of_o their_o common_a fountain_n and_o at_o length_n by_o stop_v of_o the_o way_n of_o the_o spirit_n which_o they_o persuade_v themselves_o be_v communicate_v to_o the_o whole_a body_n by_o the_o artery_n not_o by_o the_o marrowey_a and_o inward_a substance_n of_o the_o nerve_n i_o can_v but_o acknowledge_v this_o conceit_n to_o be_v very_o ingenuous_a and_o seem_o true_a if_o it_o be_v not_o that_o it_o be_v consute_v consute_v contradict_v by_o the_o principle_n of_o anatomy_n for_o to_o wind_v up_o the_o matter_n in_o a_o few_o word_n this_o opinion_n take_v these_o two_o position_n for_o good_a first_o that_o the_o vessel_n do_v intersect_v or_o cross_v one_o another_o and_o again_o that_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v convey_v by_o vessel_n not_o by_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o nerve_n which_o how_o dissonant_n they_o be_v from_o the_o truth_n may_v thus_o be_v demonstrate_v by_o the_o two_o common_a and_o most_o competent_a judge_n of_o all_o controversy_n reason_n and_o sense_n all_o the_o vessel_n which_o irrigate_n or_o water_n the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o his_o membrane_n brain_n the_o divarication_n of_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v propagate_v from_o the_o internal_a jugular_a vein_n and_o from_o the_o artery_n call_v carotide_n and_o ceruicales_n now_o we_o be_v teach_v by_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o ocular_a inspection_n that_o the_o divarication_n of_o these_o be_v on_o this_o manner_n the_o right_a jugular_a vein_n pour_v the_o blood_n into_o the_o right_n sinus_fw-la of_o the_o dura_fw-la mater_fw-la as_o it_o be_v into_o a_o cistern_n and_o the_o leave_v into_o the_o left_a out_o of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o concourse_n of_o these_o two_o arise_v the_o three_o sinus_fw-la which_o run_v through_o the_o length_n of_o the_o sagittall_n suture_a be_v convey_v meninx_n the_o sinus_fw-la or_o duplication_n of_o the_o dura_fw-la meninx_n to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o nose_n and_o from_o this_o many_o small_a vein_n be_v diverse_o disperse_v into_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la the_o four_o sinus_fw-la concaved_a between_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o afterbrain_n determine_v at_o the_o buttock_n of_o the_o brain_n these_o sinus_fw-la as_o it_o be_v riveret_n substitute_v by_o nature_n instead_o of_o vessel_n do_v disperse_v the_o blood_n on_o all_o hand_n and_o from_o they_o as_o out_o of_o a_o press_n the_o blood_n arrive_v unto_o they_o from_o the_o jugular_a vein_n be_v express_v into_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o jugular_a vein_n therefore_o do_v meet_v and_o unite_v themselves_o in_o the_o three_o and_o four_o sinus_fw-la of_o the_o dura_fw-la mater_fw-la but_o yet_o be_v never_o so_o implicate_v that_o the_o right_n do_v pass_v unto_o the_o left_a side_n or_o the_o leave_v unto_o the_o right_n there_o be_v no_o intersection_n of_o these_o vessel_n no_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d neither_o be_v there_o any_o intersection_n of_o the_o right_n carotidall_a or_o sleepy_a artery_n with_o the_o left_a because_o they_o do_v not_o power_n vital_a spirit_n into_o those_o sinus_fw-la or_o duplication_n of_o the_o membrane_n as_o the_o vein_n do_v the_o blood_n neither_o be_v the_o right_n implicate_v with_o the_o left_a but_o each_o artery_n make_v his_o own_o texture_n the_o right_a artery_n the_o right_a texture_n and_o the_o leave_v the_o left_a these_o texture_n or_o complication_n which_o be_v manifest_a in_o the_o upper_a ventricle_n and_o call_v intersect_v the_o artery_n of_o the_o brain_n do_v not_o intersect_v plexus_fw-la choroide_v do_v never_o so_o intersect_v themselves_o that_o the_o right_n shall_v pass_v unto_o the_o left_a the_o left_a unto_o the_o right_a part_n for_o the_o upper_a ventricle_n be_v dissever_v by_o their_o proper_a wall_n or_o distinction_n and_o if_o they_o say_v that_o the_o carotide_n be_v implicate_v in_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n at_o the_o side_n of_o the_o buttock_n and_o there_o intersect_v themselves_o i_o will_v indeed_o confess_v that_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o same_o side_n be_v implicate_v that_o be_v be_v contort_a manifold_a like_o the_o tendrille_n of_o a_o vine_n crumple_v up_o together_o for_o the_o better_a preparation_n of_o the_o spirit_n but_o that_o they_o intersect_v themselves_o and_o from_o the_o right_a side_n pass_v unto_o the_o left_a that_o i_o constant_o deny_v for_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o buttock_n do_v stand_v off_o one_o from_o the_o other_o through_o which_o the_o artery_n ascend_v to_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o from_o they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o by_o a_o right_a line_n to_o the_o upper_a ventricle_n which_o he_o that_o will_v not_o otherwise_o believe_v may_v thus_o prove_v by_o his_o own_o experience_n put_v a_o hollow_a probe_n experience_n experience_n of_o bugle_n into_o the_o right_n sleepy_a artery_n and_o blow_v it_o and_o you_o shall_v perceive_v that_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o right_a side_n will_v be_v distend_v more_o than_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o left_a let_v we_o therefore_o clear_v our_o conceit_n of_o this_o mist_n and_o cloud_n of_o error_n concern_v the_o intersection_n of_o the_o vessel_n which_o autopsie_n itself_o convince_v to_o be_v a_o forge_a conceit_n beside_o experience_n we_o have_v good_a reason_n also_o against_o it_o for_o if_o we_o admit_v this_o intersection_n reason_n reason_n of_o the_o vessel_n than_o it_o will_v necessary_o follow_v that_o whensoever_o the_o right_a part_n be_v stuff_v or_o compress_v the_o left_a part_n shall_v be_v resolve_v because_o the_o course_n of_o the_o spirit_n be_v intercept_v but_o we_o find_v it_o often_o to_o fall_v out_o that_o when_o the_o right_a ventricle_n be_v obstruct_v the_o part_n of_o the_o same_o side_n be_v resolve_v but_o let_v we_o for_o disputation_n sake_n admit_v though_o we_o spirit_n the_o artery_n do_v not_o conuty_n the_o animal_n spirit_n do_v not_o grant_v it_o that_o those_o small_a artery_n and_o complication_n of_o they_o do_v intersect_v one_o another_o must_v it_o thereupon_o needs_o follow_v that_o when_o the_o vessel_n be_v compress_v the_o palsye_n shall_v seize_v upon_o the_o contrary_a side_n the_o artery_n be_v only_a conceptacle_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n those_o vital_a spirit_n do_v only_o confer_v their_o help_n to_o the_o cherish_n rowze_a up_o and_o restore_v of_o the_o inbred_a heat_n of_o the_o particular_a part_n but_o afford_v no_o help_n at_o all_o to_o motion_n or_o sense_n now_o in_o the_o palsy_n the_o part_n live_v though_o the_o motion_n and_o sense_n be_v
the_o palsy_n in_o the_o sound_n part_v not_o in_o the_o affect_a reason_n another_o reason_n because_o nature_n use_v to_o avoid_v the_o excrementitious_a humour_n by_o the_o wound_n as_o sometime_o by_o a_o flux_n of_o blood_n sometime_o by_o quitture_v sometime_o by_o medicine_n which_o draw_v away_o and_o exhaust_v the_o humour_n either_o sensible_o or_o insensible_o so_o that_o the_o affect_a part_n be_v well_o purge_v by_o some_o or_o more_o of_o these_o mean_n but_o the_o opposite_a part_n which_o be_v not_o expurged_a be_v easy_o affect_v either_o by_o sympathy_n or_o when_o the_o matter_n be_v transmit_v or_o fall_v upon_o it_o some_o think_v that_o almost_o all_o the_o spirit_n do_v flow_v to_o the_o part_n wherein_o the_o tumour_n or_o inflammation_n another_o another_o be_v whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o opposite_a part_n be_v defraud_v of_o they_o be_v resolve_v qvest._n vii_o what_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n what_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o his_o generation_n and_o the_o place_n thereof_o we_o have_v sufficient_o prove_v by_o strong_a argument_n that_o to_o motion_n &_o sense_n be_v requite_v not_o only_o a_o influence_n of_o a_o faculty_n but_o also_o of_o a_o corporeal_a spirit_n now_o what_o name_n we_o shall_v give_v this_o spirit_n what_o his_o nature_n be_v what_o be_v the_o manner_n and_o place_n of_o his_o generation_n we_o will_v brief_o declare_v galen_n call_v this_o spirit_n every_o where_fw-mi animalem_fw-la the_o animal_n spirit_n because_o galen_n what_o be_v the_o animal_n spirit_n galen_n the_o soul_n use_v it_o as_o her_o immediate_a organ_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o all_o the_o animal_n function_n of_o sense_n and_o motion_n and_o those_o which_o we_o common_o call_v principal_a this_o spirit_n in_o the_o 17._o chapter_n of_o his_o sixth_o book_n de_fw-fr vsu_fw-la partium_fw-la he_o desine_v to_o be_v a_o exhalation_n of_o pure_a blood_n some_o think_v it_o to_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o live_a brain_n yea_o both_o a_o similar_v and_o a_o organical_a part_n similar_v as_o it_o have_v a_o certain_a and_o design_a temper_n organical_a as_o it_o be_v thin_a lucid_a subtle_a pure_a and_o moovable_a this_o spirit_n some_o have_v think_v do_v not_o differ_v in_o kind_n and_o nature_n from_o the_o vital_a but_o only_o in_o accident_n as_o in_o temperament_n place_n the_o original_a à _fw-fr quo_fw-la and_o the_o manner_n of_o diffusion_n for_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v moist_a and_o more_o temperate_a the_o vital_a hot_a the_o animal_n come_v from_o the_o brain_n the_o vital_a from_o the_o heart_n the_o animal_n be_v disperse_v through_o the_o nerve_n for_o motion_n and_o sense_n the_o vital_a through_o the_o artery_n to_o maintain_v the_o life_n we_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o these_o two_o spirit_n be_v of_o a_o diverse_a form_n and_o kind_a as_o chylification_n be_v diverse_a from_o sanguification_n for_o the_o organ_n be_v diverse_a the_o faculty_n diverse_a diverse_a kind_n the_o vital_a and_o animal_n spirit_n differ_v in_o form_n &_o kind_n be_v the_o manner_n of_o generation_n and_o as_o the_o aliment_n by_o a_o new_a concoction_n receive_v a_o new_a form_n and_o so_o a_o new_a denomination_n so_o be_v it_o with_o the_o spirit_n galen_n in_o a_o thousand_o place_n distinguish_v this_o animal_n from_o the_o vital_a spirit_n whatsoever_o some_o new_a writer_n say_v to_o the_o contrary_n in_o the_o 5._o chapter_n of_o the_o 12._o book_n of_o his_o method_n the_o animal_n spirit_n say_v he_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o brain_n as_o out_o of_o his_o fountain_n the_o demonstration_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v not_o evident_a but_o yet_o it_o be_v agreeable_a to_o reason_n that_o it_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o artery_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o natural_a spirit_n that_o be_v include_v in_o the_o liver_n and_o the_o vein_n in_o the_o 7._o chap_n of_o his_o 3._o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la affect_n be_v gal._n say_v galen_n diverse_a place_n in_o galen_n the_o epilepsy_n happen_v in_o the_o brain_n when_o the_o humour_n hinder_v the_o animal_n spirit_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o ventricle_n thereof_o that_o it_o can_v have_v issue_n out_o in_o the_o 10._o chapter_n of_o his_o 16._o book_n de_fw-fr usupartium_fw-la the_o complication_n of_o the_o artery_n do_v nourish_v the_o animal_n spirit_n contain_v in_o the_o brain_n which_o differ_v much_o in_o nature_n from_o other_o spirit_n in_o the_o three_o chapter_n of_o his_o 7._o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la hip._n &_o plat._n the_o spirit_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o artery_n be_v indeed_o vital_a and_o so_o be_v also_o call_v that_o which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o brain_n be_v animal_n not_o that_o it_o be_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o soul_n but_o because_o it_o be_v the_o soul_n first_fw-mi and_o most_o immediate_a instrument_n the_o same_o also_o he_o write_v in_o the_o 4._o chapter_n of_o his_o 9_o book_n de_fw-fr usupartium_fw-la in_o the_o 8._o chapter_n of_o the_o 9_o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la hip._n &_o plat._n and_o in_o the_o 5._o chapter_n of_o the_o nine_o book_n de_fw-fr utilitate_fw-la respirationis_fw-la by_o all_o which_o place_n we_o may_v gather_v that_o galen_n make_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o vital_a and_o the_o animal_n spirit_n and_o true_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o animal_n spirit_n it_o be_v very_o necessary_a spirit_n the_o necessity_n &_o use_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n first_o to_o convey_v unto_o the_o part_n the_o faculty_n of_o motion_n and_o sense_n which_o be_v not_o fix_v in_o they_o and_o again_o that_o we_o may_v be_v more_o apprehensive_a of_o outward_a accident_n for_o see_v that_o the_o organ_n of_o the_o sense_n ought_v to_o be_v affect_v on_o the_o sudden_a by_o sensible_a thing_n it_o be_v fit_a they_o shall_v not_o be_v altogether_o solid_a but_o hove_v and_o fulfil_v with_o spirit_n that_o they_o may_v the_o soon_o be_v alter_v moreover_o these_o spirit_n do_v transfer_v the_o species_n or_o form_n of_o all_o outward_a thing_n perceive_v by_o the_o outward_a sense_n unto_o the_o brain_n as_o unto_o a_o censor_n or_o judge_n the_o same_o spirit_n do_v conceive_v in_o the_o brain_n the_o image_n of_o those_o outward_a thing_n so_o that_o the_o animal_n spirit_n may_v be_v call_v the_o place_n and_o promptuarie_n of_o the_o species_n or_o form_n so_o in_o the_o vertigo_n or_o giddiness_n neither_o the_o thing_n itself_o nor_o the_o image_n of_o it_o nor_o any_o thing_n beside_o vertigo_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o vertigo_n the_o spirit_n be_v roll_v about_o and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o all_o thing_n seem_v to_o he_o that_o be_v so_o affect_v to_o run_v round_o wherefore_o this_o spirit_n be_v necessary_a both_o for_o motion_n and_o sense_n as_o for_o the_o principal_a faculty_n to_o the_o performance_n of_o all_o their_o function_n the_o brain_n use_v the_o ministry_n and_o help_n of_o this_o spirit_n so_o that_o it_o work_v both_o within_o the_o brain_n and_o without_o the_o brain_n within_o the_o brain_n it_o help_v the_o principal_a faculty_n without_o the_o brain_n it_o confert_v motion_n and_o sense_n now_o it_o be_v not_o only_a abide_n in_o the_o ventricle_n but_o also_o in_o the_o pore_n and_o in_o the_o whole_a marrowy_a substance_n of_o the_o brain_n so_o that_o in_o the_o pore_n and_o substance_n it_o be_v communicate_v to_o the_o principal_a faculty_n in_o the_o ventricle_n it_o serve_v more_o immediate_o for_o sense_n and_o motion_n furthermore_o this_o spirit_n which_o be_v the_o immediate_a organ_n of_o sense_n and_o motion_n and_o of_o the_o manifold_a how_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v manifold_a principal_a faculty_n be_v indeed_o of_o one_o kind_n notwithstanding_o it_o be_v esteem_v manifold_a according_a to_o the_o variety_n of_o the_o object_n and_o instrument_n where_o about_o it_o be_v employ_v which_o thing_n artsntotle_n elegant_o have_v teach_v we_o in_o the_o last_o chapter_n of_o his_o 5._o book_n the_o generatione_n animalium_fw-la the_o spirit_n say_v he_o in_o natural_a thing_n be_v like_o the_o hammer_n in_o the_o art_n of_o the_o smith_n that_o be_v to_o say_v but_o one_o instrument_n yet_o profitable_a for_o the_o performance_n of_o many_o office_n actuarius_n compare_v it_o to_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o though_o they_o be_v all_o of_o one_o kind_n yet_o they_o become_v unlike_a when_o they_o light_v upon_o different_a colour_n it_o remain_v now_o that_o we_o shall_v manifest_v unto_o you_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n spirit_n the_o matter_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o his_o generation_n the_o matter_n of_o it_o be_v double_a air_n and_o the_o vital_a spirit_n the_o air_n be_v draw_v in_o by_o the_o nostril_n the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v convey_v through_o the_o artery_n call_v carotide_n and_o ceruicale_n into_o the_o
according_a to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o artery_n reason_n 1._o without_o that_o be_v to_o say_v from_o the_o artery_n neither_o do_v his_o ventricle_n breathe_v in_o aer_fw-la as_o galen_n will_v have_v it_o neither_o be_v they_o distend_v and_o contract_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o be_v first_o it_o do_v no_o more_o become_v a_o principle_n of_o motion_n to_o be_v move_v than_o it_o become_v a_o principle_n of_o sense_n itself_o to_o have_v sense_n because_o as_o aristotle_n say_v every_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d must_v be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v every_o instrument_n of_o sense_n must_v be_v destitute_a or_o void_a of_o all_o the_o object_n of_o that_o sense_n whereof_o it_o be_v a_o instrument_n now_o the_o body_n of_o the_o brain_n have_v not_o sense_n and_o therefore_o it_o have_v no_o motion_n furthermore_o if_o the_o brain_n do_v breath_n by_o a_o proper_a power_n it_o will_v follow_v that_o because_o the_o substance_n thereof_o be_v soft_a and_o the_o membrane_n that_o compass_v the_o ventricle_n very_o fine_a &_o thin_a it_o follow_v i_o say_v that_o that_o membrane_n must_v in_o the_o dilatation_n &_o contraction_n be_v violent_o tear_v asunder_o three_o the_o three_o and_o four_o ventricle_n of_o the_o brain_n common_o so_o call_v be_v of_o the_o same_o substance_n and_o temper_n that_o the_o upper_a ventricle_n be_v of_o for_o the_o use_n of_o they_o all_o be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o but_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o the_o latter_a ventricle_n do_v not_o respire_v and_o therefore_o neither_o shall_v the_o former_a be_v dilate_v or_o contract_v they_o urge_v further_o and_o think_v that_o this_o weapon_n have_v a_o further_a edge_n in_o grievous_a wound_n of_o the_o head_n when_o the_o brain_n be_v uncover_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o artery_n do_v not_o appear_v to_o differ_v at_o all_o but_o as_o one_o pulse_n be_v answerable_a to_o another_o so_o likewise_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o artery_n do_v accord_n now_o if_o the_o brain_n do_v beat_v by_o a_o inbred_a power_n then_o must_v it_o needs_o be_v that_o some_o time_n the_o brain_n and_o the_o artery_n shall_v not_o beat_v alike_o and_o at_o the_o same_o instant_n final_o there_o be_v no_o attraction_n no_o expulsion_n without_o the_o help_n of_o fibre_n so_o the_o heart_n have_v his_o fibre_n as_o also_o the_o stomach_n the_o gut_n the_o vein_n and_o the_o artery_n but_o in_o the_o brain_n there_o appear_v no_o fibre_n at_o all_o ergo_fw-la the_o motion_n of_o the_o diastole_n and_o systole_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v not_o proper_a and_o peculiar_a unto_o his_o substance_n very_o these_o reason_n be_v so_o strong_a that_o the_o time_n have_v be_v say_v lauren_n when_o i_o be_v convince_v by_o they_o &_o constrain_v to_o subscribe_v unto_o this_o opinion_n but_o look_v over_o with_o a_o little_a more_o diligence_n the_o work_n of_o galen_n and_o consider_v some_o passage_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr odoratus_fw-la organo_fw-la de_fw-la usupartium_fw-la de_fw-la placitis_fw-la hippoc._n &_o platonis_fw-la with_o better_a deliberation_n at_o length_n i_o alter_v my_o mind_n and_o be_o now_o resolve_v that_o the_o body_n of_o the_o brain_n do_v respire_v by_o a_o proper_a faculty_n and_o inbred_a motion_n let_v we_o here_o galen_n dispute_v in_o express_a word_n in_o the_o last_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr odoratus_fw-la organo_fw-la nature_n say_v he_o have_v not_o deny_v motion_n to_o the_o brain_n whereby_o it_o may_v draw_v air_n for_o force_n that_o the_o brain_n do_v respire_v by_o it_o own_o force_n his_o refrigeration_n and_o return_v the_o same_o back_n again_o for_o the_o expurgation_n of_o superfluitye_n again_o in_o the_o 4._o chapter_n of_o the_o same_o book_n it_o be_v not_o impossible_a that_o the_o brain_n shall_v yield_v unto_o itself_o a_o kind_n of_o motion_n though_o it_o be_v but_o small_a sometime_o into_o itself_o sometime_o out_o of_o itself_o galne_v the_o 〈…〉_o galne_v so_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v less_o when_o it_o contract_v itself_o and_o more_o spread_v when_o the_o part_n of_o it_o be_v dilate_v thus_o far_o galen_n but_o it_o shall_v behoove_v we_o to_o establish_v his_o authority_n by_o reason_n also_o and_o weight_n of_o argument_n 1._o reason_n 1._o it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v generate_v first_o in_o the_o upper_a ventricle_n of_o the_o brain_n which_o spirit_n be_v of_o it_o own_o nature_n airy_a and_o hot_a stand_v need_n of_o the_o inspiration_n of_o air_n which_o be_v familiar_a and_o of_o kin_n unto_o it_o as_o well_o for_o his_o nourishment_n as_o that_o by_o it_o it_o may_v be_v refrigerated_a wherefore_o when_o we_o draw_v our_o breath_n inward_a the_o air_n also_o be_v draw_v into_o the_o brain_n and_o when_o we_o breathe_v outward_a a_o fumid_a or_o smoky_a vapour_n which_o be_v the_o excrement_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v thrust_v out_o and_o avoid_v this_o hypocrates_n elegant_o express_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr morbo_fw-la sacro_fw-la or_o of_o the_o fall_v sickness_n when_o say_v he_o a_o man_n draw_v in_o air_n by_o his_o mouth_n &_o his_o nose_n be_v shut_v first_o of_o all_o the_o breath_n hypocrates_n hypocrates_n come_v to_o the_o brain_n now_o this_o inspiration_n of_o the_o air_n into_o the_o upper_a ventricle_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o expiration_n of_o the_o same_o be_v not_o make_v by_o artery_n but_o by_o certain_a protuberation_n or_o swell_a production_n of_o the_o brain_n much_o like_o the_o nipple_n of_o a_o woman_n pap_n which_o also_o be_v the_o organ_n of_o smell_v the_o motion_n therefore_o of_o the_o brain_n which_o be_v accomplish_v by_o inspiration_n and_o expiration_n proceed_v from_o the_o brain_n itself_o not_o from_o the_o artery_n again_o that_o the_o air_n be_v draw_v in_o by_o these_o production_n may_v thus_o be_v prove_v the_o air_n and_o odour_n do_v pass_v by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o way_n for_o no_o smell_n can_v 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and_o betwixt_o they_o run_v the_o nose_n as_o a_o strong_a wall_n under_o they_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o cheek_n stand_v out_o and_o at_o their_o side_n the_o hard_a bone_n of_o the_o temple_n they_o be_v immediate_o cover_v with_o soft_a lid_n that_o they_o may_v not_o impeach_v the_o delicacy_n of_o the_o instrument_n the_o uppermost_a be_v mooveable_a and_o very_a nimble_a which_o do_v shut_v up_o the_o pupil_n as_o well_o in_o rest_n to_o refresh_v they_o as_o also_o when_o any_o outward_a injury_n be_v ready_a to_o annoie_v they_o the_o lowermost_a be_v immooveable_a or_o at_o least_o move_v insensible_o these_o lid_n be_v again_o beard_v with_o hair_n whereby_o and_o wherein_o small_a body_n or_o mote_n which_o haply_o in_o their_o approach_n be_v not_o discern_v may_v be_v intercept_v the_o eye_n themselves_o have_v many_o muscle_n allow_v they_o whereby_o they_o be_v move_v every_o way_n upward_o and_o downward_o to_o the_o right_n and_o to_o the_o left_a and_o round_a they_o 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that_o of_o smell_a who_o instrument_n do_v not_o issue_n out_o of_o the_o scull_n in_o those_o creature_n which_o do_v respire_v but_o be_v contain_v within_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n whence_o nose_n the_o nose_n it_o follow_v that_o these_o 5._o be_v call_v outward_a sense_n not_o so_o much_o because_o they_o appear_v outward_o but_o rather_o because_o their_o proper_a organ_n do_v receive_v the_o species_n or_o representation_n of_o outward_a thing_n the_o instrument_n therefore_o of_o smell_v be_v a_o pair_n of_o production_n issue_v out_o of_o the_o forward_a ventricles_n of_o the_o brain_n in_o which_o the_o faculty_n of_o smell_v reside_v do_v comprehend_v the_o odour_n of_o thing_n which_o together_o with_o the_o aer_fw-la be_v draw_v in_o through_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o nose_n which_o be_v raise_v high_a in_o the_o face_n of_o a_o man_n then_o of_o other_o creature_n as_o well_o for_o beauty_n as_o because_o the_o brain_n of_o a_o man_n be_v large_a and_o therefore_o yield_v abundance_n of_o excrement_n may_v therethrough_a be_v better_a cleanse_v this_o nose_n be_v divide_v in_o the_o midst_n by_o a_o gristly_a substance_n aswell_o to_o break_v and_o divide_v the_o outward_a air_n which_o in_o a_o great_a part_n be_v draw_v in_o this_o way_n to_o be_v convey_v into_o the_o sharp_a artery_n &_o so_o to_o the_o lung_n as_o also_o to_o disperse_v the_o part_n of_o the_o object_n of_o this_o sense_n that_o be_v so_o divide_v it_o may_v equal_o insinuate_v itself_o through_o the_o small_a hole_n of_o the_o spungy_a bone_n to_o both_o the_o production_n which_o determine_v on_o either_o side_n the_o four_o sense_n be_v the_o taste_n the_o form_n whereof_o be_v seat_v in_o those_o nerve_n which_o attain_v unto_o the_o tongue_n and_o palate_n assist_v by_o the_o spungy_a flesh_n of_o the_o tongue_n itself_o for_o tongue_n the_o tongue_n when_o any_o savoury_a quality_n or_o affection_n impart_v to_o a_o humour_n or_o ivice_n be_v apply_v unto_o the_o tongue_n it_o stir_v up_o the_o taste_n and_o present_o the_o image_n or_o species_n of_o that_o savour_n be_v by_o the_o spirit_n reside_v in_o the_o nerve_n convey_v to_o the_o principal_a sensator_fw-la and_o if_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o savour_n be_v represent_v to_o the_o instrument_n in_o a_o hard_a or_o congeal_a body_n as_o salt_n pepper_n or_o such_o like_a it_o can_v move_v the_o sense_n before_o it_o be_v melt_v by_o the_o heat_n or_o at_o least_o have_v communicate_v his_o affection_n unto_o the_o moisture_n of_o the_o mouth_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o nothing_o can_v affect_v the_o taste_n which_o can_v be_v dissolve_v neither_o be_v he_o who_o tongue_n be_v torrify_v or_o parch_v with_o extraordinary_a heat_n a_o competentiudge_n of_o savour_n or_o taste_n as_o for_o the_o touch_n which_o be_v the_o five_o and_o last_o sense_n it_o be_v not_o contain_v within_o any_o proper_a organ_n or_o instrument_n but_o equal_o diffuse_v through_o the_o whole_a body_n because_o the_o necessity_n touch_v the_o sense_n of_o touch_v of_o nature_n do_v every_o where_n require_v the_o presence_n thereof_o for_o the_o security_n of_o the_o life_n of_o the_o creature_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o do_v not_o as_o other_o sense_n receive_v the_o impression_n of_o all_o his_o own_o proper_a object_n for_o sensation_n be_v a_o passion_n if_o therefore_o the_o object_n be_v of_o the_o same_o temper_n with_o the_o instrument_n the_o sense_n be_v not_o affect_v therewith_o because_o it_o do_v not_o suffer_v by_o that_o which_o be_v like_a unto_o it_o but_o all_o the_o other_o sense_n do_v apprehend_v all_o those_o quality_n which_o do_v fall_v under_o they_o for_o be_v all_o unlike_a to_o the_o instrument_n they_o must_v needs_o be_v affect_v by_o they_o but_o because_o this_o sense_n have_v no_o particular_a instrument_n in_o the_o head_n we_o shall_v only_o entreat_v of_o it_o by_o the_o way_n in_o this_o place_n somewhat_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o it_o before_o in_o our_o discourse_n of_o the_o skin_n and_o more_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o say_v in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o joint_n and_o the_o vessel_n wherefore_o we_o descend_v unto_o our_o history_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o head_n which_o be_v call_v the_o face_n together_o with_o the_o vessel_n and_o muscle_n thereof_o have_v go_v through_o that_o part_n of_o the_o head_n which_o be_v cover_v with_o a_o hairy_a scalfe_n and_o therefore_o by_o aristotle_n in_o the_o 7_o chapter_n of_o his_o 1._o book_n de_fw-fr historia_fw-la animalium_fw-la call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o remain_v that_o we_o proceed_v unto_o the_o other_o part_n which_o be_v without_o hair_n call_v in_o man_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o face_n the_o name_n of_o the_o face_n name_n it_o seem_v to_o have_v receive_v
lip_n the_o other_o artery_n of_o the_o bypartition_n at_o p_o creep_v up_o the_o temple_n and_o the_o forehead_n and_o be_v consume_v in_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o fcae_n and_o so_o much_o of_o the_o vessel_n the_o skin_n of_o the_o head_n be_v in_o many_o man_n movable_a but_o of_o the_o forehead_n in_o all_o man_n not_o only_o forehead_n the_o muscle_n of_o the_o forehead_n by_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o fleshy_a membrane_n which_o degenerate_v into_o a_o musculous_a substance_n have_v right_a fibre_n but_o also_o by_o the_o help_n of_o two_o muscle_n assure_v so_o to_o be_v both_o by_o the_o course_n of_o their_o fibre_n as_o also_o by_o their_o motion_n which_o appear_v in_o these_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o other_o muscle_n and_o not_o like_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o fleshy_a membrane_n these_o be_v situate_v in_o the_o forehead_n table_n 6._o figure_n 1._o a_o and_o do_v arise_v above_o where_o the_o hair_n determine_v sometime_o as_o high_a as_o the_o crowny_a seam_n near_o the_o temporal_a muscle_n the_o right_a at_o the_o right_n and_o the_o leave_v at_o the_o left_a temple_n where_o the_o fleshy_a membrane_n cleave_v so_o close_o to_o the_o perteranium_n or_o skulskinne_n and_o the_o skull_n itself_o that_o it_o be_v altogether_o immovable_a so_o that_o the_o forehead_n and_o the_o eyebrow_n be_v move_v when_o the_o membrane_n be_v at_o rest_n and_o towards_o the_o common_a seam_n which_o distinguish_v the_o bone_n of_o the_o head_n from_o those_o of_o the_o upper_a jaw_n be_v implant_v with_o right_a fibre_n above_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o nose_n into_o the_o skin_n at_o the_o brow_n as_o at_o the_o part_n which_o be_v to_o be_v move_v i_o say_v these_o fibre_n be_v right_a and_o not_o oblique_a as_o some_o have_v think_v and_o here_o chirurgeon_n chirurgeon_n a_o good_a note_n for_o chirurgeon_n must_v observe_v that_o in_o open_v apostemation_n in_o that_o place_n they_o make_v not_o their_o incition_n overthwart_o as_o the_o wrinkle_n of_o the_o skin_n do_v go_v but_o according_a to_o the_o right_a fibres_fw-fr these_o two_o muscle_n be_v a_o little_a disjoin_v in_o the_o midst_n and_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o top_n of_o the_o forehead_n be_v not_o move_v upon_o this_o conjunction_n some_o have_v think_v they_o to_o be_v move_v why_o the_o top_n of_o the_o forehead_n be_v not_o move_v but_o one_o muscle_n against_o who_o we_o shall_v further_o dispute_v in_o the_o proper_a place_n where_o we_o create_v of_o these_o in_o our_o book_n of_o muscle_n there_o be_v also_o other_o muscle_n which_o draw_v the_o skin_n of_o the_o head_n backward_o but_o those_o belong_v not_o to_o this_o place_n now_o we_o proceed_v unto_o the_o organ_n of_o the_o sense_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o eye_n and_o part_n thereof_o we_o say_v before_o that_o the_o habitation_n or_o residence_n of_o four_o of_o the_o sense_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o face_n the_o five_o external_a sense_n which_o be_v the_o sense_n of_o touch_v be_v disperse_v sense_n why_o 5._o sense_n through_o the_o whole_a body_n &_o have_v no_o proper_a seat_n in_o the_o face_n all_o the_o rest_n have_v for_o the_o head_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o animal_n faculty_n and_o the_o habitacle_n of_o the_o reasonable_a soul_n it_o be_v also_o necessary_a that_o the_o sense_n which_o as_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr morbo_fw-la sacro_fw-la or_o of_o the_o fall_v sickness_n say_v be_v the_o messenger_n and_o interpreter_n of_o the_o soul_n shall_v also_o have_v their_o residence_n in_o the_o head_n these_o outward_a sense_n be_v five_o as_o there_o be_v five_o simple_a body_n the_o heaven_n and_o the_o four_o element_n wherefore_o according_a to_o the_o platonist_n the_o sight_n answer_v in_o proportion_n element_n how_o the_o sense_n answer_v the_o element_n to_o the_o element_n of_o star_n who_o object_n be_v shine_v the_o object_n of_o the_o smell_n be_v fiery_a and_o therefore_o it_o be_v say_v that_o fragrantia_fw-la be_v flagrantia_fw-la the_o object_n of_o the_o hear_v be_v airy_a the_o object_n of_o the_o taste_n be_v watery_a and_o of_o the_o touch_v earthy_a but_o amongst_o these_o the_o sight_n be_v the_o principal_a which_o with_o hear_v make_v a_o man_n life_n much_o more_o happy_a albeit_o without_o the_o taste_n no_o man_n can_v be_v so_o well_o nourish_v for_o those_o who_o either_o by_o nature_n or_o by_o accident_n be_v blind_a do_v account_v themselves_o therein_o miserable_a for_o as_o the_o sun_n say_v galen_n in_o the_o ten_o galen_n galen_n chapter_n of_o his_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la in_o the_o great_a world_n so_o be_v the_o eye_n in_o the_o body_n of_o a_o creature_n and_o therefore_o hesichius_n call_v they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d solis_fw-la porte_fw-fr the_o door_n of_o the_o sun_n hesychius_n hesychius_n and_o therefore_o we_o will_v first_o entreat_v of_o the_o eye_n as_o also_o because_o amongst_o all_o the_o nerve_n the_o optic_a nerve_n have_v the_o first_o place_n the_o grecian_n call_v the_o eye_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d quasi_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o it_o be_v the_o couch_n or_o bed_n out_o of_o which_o the_o sight_n shine_v and_o therefore_o the_o eye_n be_v call_v by_o other_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o from_o eye_n the_o name_n of_o the_o eye_n they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v the_o light_n proceed_v the_o latin_n as_o varro_n and_o lactantius_n call_v they_o oculi_fw-la abâ—culendo_fw-la vel_fw-la occultando_fw-la from_o hide_v because_o they_o be_v cover_v and_o hide_a within_o their_o lid_n these_o eye_n be_v the_o organ_n of_o the_o faculty_n of_o see_v which_o we_o use_v say_v galen_n in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o 8._o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la as_o spy_n not_o only_o to_o avoid_v those_o thing_n which_o will_v offend_v we_o and_o to_o lead_v we_o unto_o that_o which_o be_v profitable_a which_o use_n be_v common_a to_o we_o with_o bruit_n beast_n but_o especial_o that_o by_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v visible_a we_o may_v take_v consideration_n of_o the_o omnipotency_n of_o the_o invisible_a god_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o plato_n say_v well_o that_o if_o we_o want_v our_o eye_n we_o shall_v be_v ignorant_a of_o that_o excellent_a order_n which_o nature_n have_v establish_v excellency_n their_o excellency_n in_o the_o frame_n of_o the_o world_n and_o of_o our_o own_o body_n aristotle_n add_v that_o the_o science_n or_o exquisite_a knowledge_n of_o all_o thing_n be_v exceed_v much_o further_v by_o the_o eye_n and_o therefore_o galen_n call_v they_o divine_a member_n see_v therefore_o their_o necessity_n be_v so_o great_a it_o be_v no_o wonder_n that_o god_n the_o creator_n make_v they_o after_o so_o excellent_a a_o manner_n as_o it_o be_v a_o curious_a model_n to_o manifest_v his_o majesty_n and_o wisdom_n they_o be_v situate_v in_o the_o head_n as_o in_o the_o high_a and_o best_a defensed_a place_n of_o the_o body_n immediate_o under_o the_o forehead_n as_o scoutwatche_n for_o as_o watchman_n be_v place_v in_o high_a stand_n situation_n their_o situation_n and_o turret_n that_o they_o may_v further_o of_o discern_v whether_o any_o enemy_n be_v approach_v or_o lie_v in_o ambush_n so_o the_o eye_n be_v set_v aloft_o to_o foresee_v and_o give_v warning_n of_o any_o danger_n that_o may_v be_v towards_o us._n galen_n and_o avicen_n have_v conceive_v that_o the_o head_n be_v especial_o make_v for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o eye_n their_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o optic_a nerve_n be_v very_o soft_a can_v not_o safe_o thereof_o the_o reason_n thereof_o be_v place_v far_o from_o they_o they_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o head_n whereof_o galen_n in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o his_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la render_v a_o reason_n because_o say_v he_o the_o instrument_n of_o this_o sense_n do_v require_v soft_a nerve_n which_o can_v not_o be_v produce_v from_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la or_o after-braine_n as_o be_v much_o hard_a than_o the_o brain_n itself_o moreover_o be_v place_v before_o they_o be_v direct_o oppose_v to_o their_o object_n and_o we_o move_v forward_o neither_o can_v we_o discern_v either_o on_o the_o side_n or_o behind_o we_o unless_o we_o turn_v our_o head_n about_o they_o be_v seat_v within_o bony_a cavity_n which_o pollux_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o orb_n &_o that_o for_o security_n haply_o also_o because_o the_o spirit_n may_v be_v less_o dissipate_v they_o be_v in_o number_n two_o as_o also_o be_v the_o other_o instrument_n of_o the_o sense_n move_v together_o and_o at_o once_o with_o the_o same_o motion_n that_o the_o sight_n may_v be_v more_o perfect_a for_o if_o number_n their_o number_n one_o of_o they_o have_v be_v lift_v uppe_o and_o the_o other_o depress_v
together_o with_o the_o trochlea_n which_o be_v in_o the_o inner_a angle_n and_o so_o demonstrate_v what_o you_o please_v and_o thus_o much_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a to_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n now_o we_o proceed_v unto_o their_o vessel_n chap._n v._o of_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o eye_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n for_o which_o we_o entreat_v precise_o of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n in_o their_o history_n we_o will_v also_o handle_v their_o vessel_n more_o district_o in_o this_o place_n and_o pass_v they_o over_o more_o light_o in_o the_o book_n of_o vessel_n vein_n the_o vessel_n be_v hete_n full_o handle_v vein_n the_o vessel_n therefore_o which_o be_v send_v unto_o the_o eye_n be_v vein_n and_o artery_n to_o which_o be_v add_v nerve_n as_o be_v common_a organ_n no_o less_o than_o the_o other_o the_o vein_n which_o be_v send_v unto_o the_o eye_n proceed_v out_o of_o the_o iugular_a vein_n &_o lead_v blood_n for_o their_o nourishment_n the_o artery_n arise_v from_o the_o carotide_n or_o sleepy_a artery_n and_o be_v disperse_v through_o the_o muscle_n to_o moderate_v the_o inward_a heat_n and_o to_o sustain_v their_o life_n through_o which_o muscle_n artery_n artery_n as_o also_o through_o the_o fat_a they_o be_v accompany_v with_o nerve_n and_o distribute_v through_o their_o membrane_n which_o be_v show_v in_o the_o three_o table_n the_o second_o and_o three_o figure_n at_o h_o the_o nerve_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n optici_fw-la and_o motorij_fw-la that_o be_v see_v and_o move_v they_o nerve_n nerve_n proceed_v out_o of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n yet_o remain_v within_o the_o scull_n and_o make_v the_o spinall_a marrow_n the_o optic_a nerve_n tab_v 2._o fig._n 1_o and_o 3._o x._o fig._n 5._o λ._n tab_v 3._o fig._n 2._o 4._o 8._o α._fw-la which_o be_v call_v visorius_n or_o the_o nerve_n of_o sight_n be_v on_o each_o side_n one_o and_o these_o be_v among_o all_o the_o nerve_n of_o optic_a optic_a sense_n the_o large_a the_o thick_a the_o soft_a and_o galen_n also_o say_v the_o long_a in_o the_o three_o chapter_n of_o the_o sixteenth_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la they_o be_v of_o a_o rare_a texture_n compass_v with_o both_o the_o meninge_n tab_v 3._o fig._n 2._o a_o b_o c._n they_o be_v the_o great_a and_o thick_a of_o all_o the_o sinew_n that_o thick_a why_o the_o great_a and_o thick_a so_o abundant_a faculty_n may_v be_v transport_v to_o the_o eye_n that_o it_o may_v soon_o have_v sense_n of_o the_o light_n and_o be_v manifold_a way_n affect_v they_o be_v very_o soft_a say_v galen_n in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o seven_o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la that_o they_o may_v be_v soon_o affect_v because_o they_o be_v nerve_n of_o sense_n and_o of_o a_o sense_n so_o very_o necessary_a for_o all_o sense_n be_v perfect_v by_o receive_v and_o suffer_v they_o be_v soft_a than_o any_o other_o soft_a why_o soft_a because_o they_o be_v affect_v by_o the_o light_n alone_o which_o they_o receive_v also_o very_o much_o break_v they_o be_v the_o long_a of_o all_o the_o rest_n because_o the_o way_n be_v long_o from_o their_o original_n to_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o eye_n their_o texture_n be_v rare_a and_o thin_a and_o therefore_o herophilus_n believe_v that_o they_o be_v perforate_v and_o galen_n thereupon_o call_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o meatus_fw-la visorios_fw-la for_o in_o the_o three_o chapter_n of_o his_o sixteen_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la he_o note_v out_o of_o herophilus_n herophilus_n galen_n out_o of_o herophilus_n that_o they_o be_v in_o their_o inside_n perforate_v all_o along_o their_o passage_n and_o that_o perforation_n be_v the_o reason_n why_o they_o be_v make_v so_o large_a by_o these_o galen_n think_v not_o only_o that_o the_o faculty_n of_o sense_n be_v transport_v but_o also_o the_o animal_n spirit_n in_o which_o the_o faculty_n be_v establish_v that_o so_o their_o sense_n may_v be_v more_o abundant_a and_o strong_a whereas_o through_o other_o nerve_n he_o conceive_v that_o the_o virtue_n or_o faculty_n only_o be_v carry_v as_o we_o may_v perceive_v in_o the_o 12._o chapter_n of_o his_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la unite_v where_o they_o be_v distinct_a where_o unite_v partium_fw-la and_o in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o seven_o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la these_o optic_a nerve_n in_o their_o end_n and_o in_o their_o original_n be_v distinct_a but_o at_o the_o middle_n of_o their_o progress_n above_o the_o saddle_n or_o seat_n of_o the_o wedge_n bone_n before_o they_o fall_v out_o of_o the_o skull_n become_v a_o little_o broad_a the_o right_n be_v unite_v with_o the_o left_a tab_v 21._o lib._n 7._o fig._n 1._o oh_o so_o that_o they_o make_v the_o form_n of_o the_o greekeχ_n not_o by_o cleave_v the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o or_o by_o intercussation_n or_o that_o one_o ride_v over_o the_o other_o but_o by_o perfect_a and_o absolute_a union_n and_o confusion_n of_o their_o marrow_n they_o be_v so_o join_v that_o one_o can_v be_v separate_v from_o the_o other_o tab_v 21._o lib._n 7._o fig._n 1._o h_o for_o it_o be_v a_o very_a rare_a thing_n in_o anatomy_n to_o find_v they_o separate_v the_o use_n of_o this_o conjunction_n be_v partly_o that_o the_o pupilla_fw-la or_o sight_n of_o the_o eye_n may_v look_v upon_o the_o same_o plain_a lest_o otherwise_o the_o visible_a object_n shall_v appear_v double_a because_o conjunction_n the_o use_n of_o their_o conjunction_n the_o eye_n be_v double_a partly_o that_o the_o idea_n or_o form_n of_o visible_a thing_n may_v be_v unite_v and_o so_o the_o faculty_n of_o sight_n be_v common_a to_o both_o side_n because_o the_o visible_a spirit_n may_v pass_v from_o one_o eye_n to_o another_o in_o a_o moment_n for_o the_o more_o certainty_n of_o the_o sight_n and_o this_o be_v prove_v if_o we_o press_v or_o enforce_v one_o eye_n upward_o or_o downward_o for_o then_o all_o thing_n appear_v double_a wherefore_o as_o it_o be_v convenient_a that_o the_o eye_n shall_v be_v pararel_n so_o also_o the_o nerve_n which_o because_o of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o eye_n may_v decline_v from_o the_o right_a line_n especial_o see_v the_o muscle_n do_v compass_v they_o and_o cleave_v unto_o they_o for_o when_o one_o muscle_n only_o whether_o be_v be_v the_o upper_a or_o the_o low_a be_v move_v the_o eye_n also_o be_v roll_v to_o one_o side_n and_o therefore_o nature_n have_v worthy_o join_v the_o optic_a nerve_n together_o that_o even_o in_o such_o motion_n the_o faculty_n may_v be_v whole_o convey_v to_o either_o side_n and_o this_o appear_v to_o be_v true_a because_o if_o you_o put_v your_o hand_n betwixt_o your_o eye_n along_o the_o length_n of_o your_o nose_n so_o that_o you_o can_v see_v the_o object_n you_o intend_v with_o both_o eye_n you_o shall_v perceive_v that_o you_o see_v more_o obscure_o on_o either_o side_n then_o if_o you_o look_v upon_o the_o object_n with_o one_o eye_n shut_v up_o for_o then_o the_o faculty_n which_o be_v before_o disperse_v unto_o both_o be_v unite_v into_o one_o add_v also_o this_o three_o profit_n of_o the_o conjunction_n that_o the_o soft_a nerve_n have_v a_o long_a way_n to_o go_v may_v thus_o be_v make_v strong_a and_o establish_v because_o nature_n can_v not_o sustain_v they_o with_o any_o tie_n or_o knot_n of_o membrane_n after_o their_o conjunction_n they_o be_v instant_o disjoin_v and_o each_o nerve_n issue_v through_o the_o proper_a hole_n which_o be_v frame_v in_o the_o depth_n of_o orb_n out_o of_o the_o scull_n tab._n 21._o lib._n 7._o fig._n 1._o above_o h._n and_o so_o the_o right_n attain_v to_o the_o right_n and_o the_o leave_v unto_o the_o left_a eye_n and_o there_o be_v implant_v in_o a_o man_n they_o be_v insert_v on_o the_o backside_n into_o the_o centre_n of_o horny_a coat_n see_v the_o three_o table_n fig._n 2._o 3._o 4._o 8._o because_o only_a man_n can_v look_v direct_o forward_a in_o brute_n beast_n as_o in_o ox_n and_o horse_n who_o eye_n be_v much_o far_o a_o sunder_o they_o attain_v by_o a_o line_n notable_o oblique_a unto_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o do_v not_o determine_v in_o the_o centre_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o eye_n of_o brute_n beast_n do_v see_v the_o earth_n on_o either_o side_n to_o direct_v their_o gate_n and_o to_o find_v out_o their_o nourishment_n these_o optic_a nerus_fw-la when_o they_o be_v come_v unto_o the_o eye_n be_v dilate_v say_v galen_n in_o the_o 1._o chap._n of_o his_o 10._o book_n de_fw-la usu_fw-la partium_fw-la and_o like_o a_o membrane_n each_o of_o they_o in_o compass_v the_o glassy_a humour_n galen_n also_o add_v in_o the_o same_o place_n that_o they_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n nerve_n the_o use_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n the_o use_n
of_o these_o optic_a nerve_n be_v to_o lead_v the_o visible_a faculty_n from_o the_o brain_n which_o in_o the_o eye_n be_v gather_v unto_o the_o visible_a form_n where_o the_o nerve_n be_v dilate_v into_o the_o membrans_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n for_o if_o this_o nerve_n be_v obstruct_v as_o it_o be_v in_o that_o disease_n which_o the_o arabian_n call_v gutta_n serena_fw-la the_o clear_a drop_n the_o action_n of_o see_v be_v altogether_o take_v away_o or_o intercept_v serena_fw-la gutta_n serena_fw-la and_o so_o much_o concern_v the_o optic_a nerve_n the_o nerve_n of_o motion_n be_v on_o either_o side_n one_o which_o send_v a_o small_a surcle_n to_o each_o muscle_n by_o which_o it_o be_v move_v tab._n 2._o fig._n 3._o 4._o show_v this_o as_o he_o may_v perceive_v who_o diligent_o motion_n the_o nerve_n of_o motion_n shall_v separate_v the_o begin_n of_o the_o muscle_n from_o the_o nerve_n which_o also_o be_v spread_v abroad_o into_o the_o membrane_n these_o move_a muscle_n in_o their_o original_n be_v continual_a that_o be_v the_o right_n be_v join_v with_o the_o left_a whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o when_o one_o eye_n continual_a where_o they_o be_v continual_a be_v move_v the_o other_o also_o follow_v the_o same_o motion_n for_o they_o proceed_v joint_o out_o of_o one_o point_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n so_o that_o the_o same_o object_n and_o the_o same_o light_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n insinuate_v itself_o into_o either_o eye_n that_o the_o sense_n and_o discern_a may_v be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o and_o this_o make_v much_o to_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o sense_n that_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n may_v not_o appear_v double_a which_o doubtless_o will_v happen_v if_o one_o eye_n may_v be_v move_v upward_o and_o the_o other_o downward_o at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o this_o be_v true_a you_o may_v easy_o learn_v if_o with_o your_o finger_n you_o either_o hereof_o demonstration_n hereof_o depress_v or_o lift_v up_o one_o of_o your_o eye_n for_o then_o all_o object_n will_v appear_v double_a one_o high_a another_o low_o but_o if_o you_o move_v your_o eye_n towards_o the_o side_n because_o the_o pupilla_fw-la or_o sight_n be_v in_o the_o same_o line_n the_o object_n will_v not_o seem_v double_a wherefore_o galen_n in_o the_o thirteen_o chapter_n of_o his_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la write_v that_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o visible_a cones_n must_v be_v place_v in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o plain_a lest_o that_o which_o be_v one_o do_v appear_v double_a hence_o it_o be_v that_o in_o the_o palsye_n and_o convulsion_n of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n the_o patient_a often_o see_v double_a object_n because_o the_o eye_n do_v depart_v from_o the_o same_o plain_a so_o also_o when_o the_o optic_a nerve_n be_v either_o convel_v or_o relax_v the_o pupilla_fw-la or_o sight_n not_o be_v in_o the_o same_o line_n all_o thing_n appear_v double_a which_o also_o for_o the_o same_o cause_n happen_v oftentimes_o to_o man_n when_o they_o be_v drink_v from_o these_o instrument_n vein_n artery_n and_o nerve_n be_v derive_v unto_o the_o eye_n abundance_n of_o spirit_n natural_a vital_a and_o animal_n which_o be_v proper_o call_v visible_a spirit_n eye_n the_o spirit_n of_o the_o eye_n wherefore_o according_a to_o the_o plenty_n of_o the_o spirit_n contain_v in_o the_o eye_n their_o magnitude_n as_o also_o their_o splendour_n or_o brightness_n be_v great_a or_o less_o and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o when_o man_n be_v near_o their_o death_n their_o eye_n become_v little_a languid_a &_o obscure_a as_o also_o those_o that_o do_v too_o much_o follow_v venerial_a combat_n have_v their_o eye_n small_a and_o extenuate_v so_o also_o we_o see_v that_o in_o live_a man_n the_o eye_n be_v full_a and_o turgid_a but_o when_o they_o be_v dead_a they_o become_v less_o as_o also_o lax_n and_o rugous_a for_o the_o presence_n and_o absence_n of_o the_o spirit_n make_v a_o difference_n betwixt_o a_o live_n and_o a_o dead_a eye_n again_o according_a to_o the_o diverse_a disposition_n of_o the_o spirit_n and_o of_o the_o eye_n from_o they_o they_o diverse_a argument_n to_o prove_v there_o be_v spirit_n in_o they_o we_o be_v able_a by_o our_o sight_n to_o distinguish_v and_o judge_v oftentimes_o of_o the_o affection_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o be_v a_o clear_a argument_n and_o even_o liable_a to_o our_o sense_n that_o the_o body_n of_o a_o man_n be_v full_a of_o spirit_n which_o thing_n galen_n also_o in_o the_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la proove_v by_o a_o elegant_a and_o demonstrative_a argument_n for_o say_v he_o if_o upon_o the_o close_n of_o one_o eye_n you_o do_v attentivelie_o mark_v the_o pupilla_fw-la or_o sight_n of_o the_o other_o you_o shall_v perceyve_v it_o in_o a_o very_a moment_n to_o be_v dilate_v because_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o spirit_n do_v fall_v into_o the_o grapie_a coat_n which_o we_o call_v vuea_n through_o that_o coat_n which_o be_v call_v reticularis_fw-la or_o the_o net_n where_o they_o dilate_v the_o hole_n of_o the_o vuea_n which_o hole_n be_v proper_o call_v pupilla_fw-la or_o the_o sight_n and_o apple_n of_o the_o eye_n final_o that_o the_o eye_n be_v full_a of_o spirit_n be_v hence_o convince_a because_o they_o be_v sometime_o obscure_a dull_a and_o languid_a or_o weak_a sometime_o bright_a or_o shine_a quick_a and_o apprehensive_a but_o least_o these_o spirit_n which_o be_v of_o a_o admirable_a fineness_n and_o subtiltye_n may_v exhale_v or_o evaporate_v they_o be_v keep_v in_o and_o retain_v by_o a_o thick_a sight_n and_o strong_a membrane_n which_o be_v call_v the_o horny_a coat_n chap._n vi_o of_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o eye_n have_v declare_v the_o muscle_n &_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o eye_n &_o now_o remove_v they_o away_o the_o eye_n itself_o round_o like_o a_o bowl_n appear_v ta._n 2._o fig._n 3_o &_o 4._o ta._n 1._o fi_fw-la 2_o &_o 3_o which_o may_v be_v compare_v to_o the_o world_n &_o a_o egg_n both_o for_o the_o figure_n &_o construction_n to_o a_o egg_n which_o consist_v of_o membrane_n the_o shell_n which_o be_v a_o indurated_a membrane_n &_o a_o thin_a membrane_n egg_n the_o eye_n compare_v to_o a_o egg_n under_o it_o &_o humour_n the_o white_a &_o the_o yolk_n so_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o eye_n have_v membrane_n &_o humour_n membrane_n that_o be_v of_o a_o watery_a nature_n it_o may_v better_o be_v contain_v in_o his_o position_n and_o the_o humour_n by_o they_o encompass_v which_o membrane_n have_v need_v to_o have_v a_o more_o solid_a substance_n beside_o they_o be_v a_o great_a furtherance_n to_o the_o sight_n humour_n only_o for_o the_o sight_n concern_v the_o number_n of_o the_o membrane_n the_o author_n be_v at_o great_a difference_n hypocrates_n eye_n the_o membrane_n of_o the_o eye_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la in_o homine_fw-la acknowledge_v but_o three_o the_o uppermost_a thick_a the_o middlemost_a thin_a and_o the_o three_o thin_a of_o all_o which_o contain_v the_o humour_n but_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr carn_n he_o say_v they_o be_v many_o the_o late_a grecian_n reckon_v four_o siluius_n five_o vesalius_n six_o galen_n in_o the_o seven_o chapter_n of_o his_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la part_n seven_o unto_o who_o fuchsius_n &_o aquapendens_fw-la do_v consent_n we_o will_v divide_v they_o into_o two_o kind_n some_o be_v common_a to_o the_o whole_a eye_n some_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o humour_n the_o common_a membrane_n be_v the_o author_n their_o number_n very_o diverse_a according_a to_o author_n cornea_n and_o the_o vuea_n the_o horny_a and_o the_o grapie_a coat_n the_o proper_a membrane_n be_v the_o cristaline_a and_o the_o glassye_a but_o whereas_o there_o be_v common_o reckon_v seven_o adnata_fw-la cornea_n dura_n vuea_n choroide_n aranea_fw-la and_o retina_fw-la whereto_o some_o have_v add_v those_o which_o be_v call_v vitrea_fw-la and_o innominata_fw-la we_o will_v run_v through_o they_o all_o after_o our_o anatomical_a order_n the_o first_o be_v call_v adnata_fw-la which_o be_v the_o seven_o according_a to_o galen_n in_o the_o second_o chapter_n adnata_fw-la first_o adnata_fw-la of_o his_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la so_o call_v as_o it_o be_v nata_fw-la circa_fw-la oculum_fw-la breed_v about_o the_o eye_n galen_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o it_o cleave_v on_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o other_o membrane_n of_o the_o eye_n whereupon_o it_o be_v also_o call_v adherens_fw-la or_o the_o cleave_v membrane_n this_o be_v the_o utmost_a aquapendens_fw-la suppose_v that_o it_o arise_v from_o the_o periostium_fw-la &_o tendon_n or_o chord_n of_o the_o muscle_n it_o first_o offer_v itself_o before_o dissection_n together_o with_o the_o transparent_a part_n of_o the_o horny_a membrane_n
wisdom_n and_o the_o infinite_a goodness_n wherewith_o he_o have_v compass_v we_o on_o every_o side_n moreover_o that_o he_o will_v give_v i_o power_n perspicuous_o to_o propound_v and_o lay_v open_a to_o your_o capacity_n a_o thing_n so_o diverse_o and_o quaynt_o fold_v up_o that_o the_o eye_n be_v scarce_o able_a to_o follow_v the_o train_n thereof_o these_o instrument_n be_v call_v in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o latin_a aures_fw-la ab_fw-la hauriendis_fw-la vocibus_fw-la as_o say_v lactantius_n in_o english_a ear_n of_o hear_v ear_n the_o name_n of_o the_o ear_n there_o be_v many_o part_n of_o the_o ear_n which_o serve_v as_o well_o for_o the_o reception_n of_o the_o sound_n into_o they_o as_o also_o for_o the_o intention_n thereof_o some_o of_o they_o be_v such_o as_o without_o which_o there_o be_v no_o reception_n of_o sound_n other_o be_v necessary_a for_o better_a reception_n and_o hear_n final_o other_o be_v create_v for_o the_o conservation_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n we_o will_v divide_v the_o ear_n according_a to_o hypocrates_n in_o coacis_n into_o a_o outward_a and_o a_o inward_a ear_n and_o first_o we_o will_v entreat_v of_o the_o outward_a the_o ear_n say_v aristotle_n be_v part_n of_o the_o head_n by_o which_o we_o hear_v and_o therefore_o it_o may_v be_v imagine_v they_o be_v call_v aures_fw-la quasi_fw-la audes_fw-ge ab_fw-la audiendo_fw-la from_o hear_v instrument_n name_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o name_n they_o be_v of_o hear_v indeed_o as_o galen_n confess_v in_o the_o second_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr instrumento_fw-la odoratus_fw-la but_o not_o the_o principal_a organ_n because_o if_o the_o ear_n be_v cut_v off_o close_o by_o the_o head_n yet_o a_o man_n will_v hear_v notwithstanding_o as_o if_o the_o nose_n be_v cut_v off_o a_o man_n shall_v smell_v though_o imperfect_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o principal_a instrument_n both_o of_o hear_v and_o of_o smell_a lie_n hide_v within_o the_o skull_n the_o outward_a ear_n therefore_o be_v help_v cause_n and_o when_o they_o be_v sound_a and_o whole_a they_o be_v of_o as_o great_a use_n for_o the_o hear_v as_o the_o nostril_n be_v for_o the_o smell_a these_o outward_a ear_n proper_o call_v auriculae_fw-la be_v in_o man_n &_o beast_n conspicuous_a but_o in_o bird_n and_o fish_n it_o be_v not_o so_o for_o bird_n have_v only_a hole_n whereby_o the_o sound_n enter_v into_o their_o brain_n because_o their_o skin_n be_v hard_o they_o want_v matter_n whereof_o this_o ear_n shall_v be_v frame_v beside_o such_o ear_n as_o other_o creature_n be_v furnish_v with_o will_v have_v be_v a_o hindrance_n unto_o they_o in_o their_o flight_n as_o we_o see_v a_o contrary_a wind_n blow_v upon_o a_o sail_n stay_v the_o course_n of_o a_o ship_n as_o for_o fish_n no_o man_n that_o i_o know_v have_v yet_o find_v out_o the_o instrument_n of_o their_o hear_v those_o hole_n which_o be_v place_v before_o their_o eye_n we_o doubt_v whither_o they_o serve_v for_o hear_v or_o for_o smell_a the_o outward_a ear_n be_v place_v in_o the_o same_o parallel_n or_o line_n with_o the_o eye_n yet_o not_o so_o ear_n what_o creature_n want_v outward_a ear_n much_o for_o the_o better_a reception_n of_o sound_n which_o say_v cicero_n in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la deorum_fw-la of_o their_o own_o nature_n do_v ascend_v upward_o because_o they_o have_v their_o consistence_n in_o the_o air_n but_o rather_o from_o the_o commodity_n of_o those_o soft_a nerve_n within_o the_o scull_n which_o be_v to_o communicate_v the_o animal_n spirit_n disperse_v through_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n unto_o the_o principal_a organ_n of_o hear_v otherwise_o if_o the_o ear_n have_v their_o situation_n only_o for_o the_o apprehension_n of_o sound_n they_o may_v as_o well_o have_v be_v place_v in_o any_o part_n ear_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o ear_n of_o the_o creature_n as_o where_o they_o be_v because_o the_o sound_n be_v equal_o communicate_v to_o the_o whole_a air_n that_o compass_v we_o about_o but_o on_o the_o foreside_n they_o may_v not_o be_v place_v because_o that_o room_n be_v to_o be_v take_v up_o for_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o instrument_n of_o other_o sense_n for_o the_o eye_n because_o we_o see_v by_o a_o right_a line_n but_o we_o may_v hear_v as_o well_o on_o either_o side_n as_o direct_o forward_a as_o aristotle_n say_v in_o the_o ten_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr part._n animalium_fw-la although_o i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o galen_n in_o the_o eight_o chapter_n of_o his_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr vsu_fw-la partium_fw-la be_v not_o altogether_o of_o aristotle_n opinion_n again_o for_o the_o mouth_n partly_o for_o the_o commodity_n of_o receive_v meat_n and_o drink_v direct_o from_o the_o hand_n partly_o also_o because_o it_o be_v fit_a we_o shall_v turn_v not_o our_o eye_n only_o but_o our_o mouth_n also_o towards_o they_o with_o who_o we_o discourse_n three_o for_o the_o nose_n that_o the_o savour_n of_o meat_n and_o drink_n by_o which_o we_o judge_v and_o discern_v whither_o they_o be_v good_a or_o ill_a might_n more_o direct_o strike_v the_o sense_n of_o smell_a moreover_o the_o ear_n be_v not_o place_v in_o the_o backepatt_n of_o the_o head_n because_o there_o be_v no_o nerve_n derive_v thereunto_o not_o in_o the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n lest_o the_o cover_n of_o the_o head_n shall_v hinder_v the_o ingress_n of_o the_o sound_n it_o remain_v therefore_o that_o it_o be_v most_o convenient_a they_o shall_v be_v place_v in_o the_o side_n of_o the_o head_n or_o the_o face_n just_a against_o the_o region_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o also_o be_v in_o man_n immooveable_a in_o bruit_n beast_n their_o situation_n be_v somewhat_o otherwise_o to_o wit_n at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o face_n because_o their_o head_n hang_v always_o downward_o unto_o the_o earth_n to_o seek_v their_o food_n in_o beast_n also_o the_o ear_n be_v mooveable_a the_o ear_n of_o ape_n have_v a_o middle_a position_n betwixt_o those_o of_o man_n and_o beast_n because_o it_o be_v a_o creature_n of_o a_o middle_a figure_n betwixt_o the_o erect_a frame_n of_o a_o man_n &_o the_o prone_a ear_n ape_n ear_n or_o bend_a posture_n of_o a_o beast_n and_o as_o their_o position_n so_o likewise_o be_v their_o motion_n not_o to_o be_v immoovable_a as_o in_o man_n nor_o so_o mooveable_a as_o in_o other_o beast_n but_o betwixt_o both_o table_n 4._o fig._n 1._o show_v the_o skin_n of_o the_o head_n together_o with_o the_o fat_a and_o the_o glandule_n under_o the_o ear_n and_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o head_n and_o the_o ear_n fig._n 2._o show_v the_o muscle_n of_o the_o ear_n of_o the_o eyebrow_n and_o a_o few_o of_o the_o jaw_n tabula_fw-la four_o fig_n i._o fig_n ii_o the_o second_o figure_n the_o truth_n hereof_o may_v be_v diverse_o demonstrate_v first_o because_o all_o sound_n be_v most_o exact_o receive_v in_o hollow_a and_o hard_a body_n as_o bell_n and_o such_o like_a again_o those_o man_n who_o ear_n be_v cut_v away_o do_v receive_v sound_n and_o articulate_a voice_n after_o a_o obtule_n dull_a or_o confuse_a manner_n like_o the_o fall_n of_o water_n or_o chirp_n of_o a_o grasshopper_n in_o somuch_o that_o the_o other_o ear_n which_o be_v not_o vitiate_a be_v notwithstanding_o impair_v unless_o that_o which_o be_v wound_v be_v quite_o stop_v uppe_o final_o such_o as_o be_v half_o deaf_a that_o they_o may_v hear_v the_o better_a do_v set_v their_o hand_n to_o their_o ear_n with_o the_o palm_n forward_o to_o gather_v in_o the_o sound_n as_o we_o read_v that_o adrian_n the_o emperor_n emperor_n adrian_z the_o emperor_n be_v wont_a to_o do_v another_o use_n of_o this_o refraction_n of_o the_o air_n be_v lest_o it_o shall_v enter_v into_o the_o ear_n too_o cold_a if_o it_o be_v not_o break_v and_o beat_v against_o the_o side_n in_o the_o passage_n whereby_o it_o receive_v if_o not_o heat_n yet_o a_o mitigation_n of_o his_o coldness_n and_o final_o if_o it_o be_v not_o for_o these_o breach_n many_o violent_a sound_n will_v sudden_o rush_v into_o the_o ear_n to_o the_o great_a offence_n of_o the_o hear_v these_o ear_n be_v not_o always_o of_o one_o magnitude_n but_o in_o some_o great_a in_o some_o less_o but_o mostwhat_a proportionable_a to_o the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o body_n and_o yet_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o where_o there_o be_v great_a store_n of_o vital_a heat_n there_o the_o ear_n be_v somewhat_o the_o large_a ear_n the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o ear_n howsoever_o they_o be_v small_a in_o man_n in_o respect_n of_o other_o creature_n as_o well_o for_o ornament_n as_o because_o the_o head_n of_o a_o man_n say_v galen_n in_o the_o twelve_o chapter_n of_o his_o eleaventh_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la
to_o the_o periostium_fw-la tab._n 11._o kk_n where_o it_o cover_v the_o scaly_a bone_n and_o the_o neighbour_n part_n as_o also_o that_o at_o the_o hole_n of_o hear_v the_o periostium_fw-la be_v dilate_v where_o there_o break_v or_o rise_v out_o of_o the_o stony_a bone_n a_o little_a oblique_a and_o round_a process_n much_o like_o a_o quill_n when_o the_o first_o oblique_a incision_n be_v make_v in_o it_o towards_o the_o frame_n of_o a_o pen_n which_o process_n be_v ordain_v that_o this_o membrane_n may_v be_v connect_v with_o the_o stony_a bone_n this_o process_n be_v call_v the_o ring_n or_o the_o bony_a circle_n tab._n 10._o fig._n 3._o *_o tab._n 11._o e._n out_o of_o ring_n the_o bony_a ring_n who_o circumference_n the_o hole_n of_o hear_v begin_v this_o process_n have_v a_o double_a original_n tab._n 11._o n._n the_o low_a grow_v out_o of_o the_o scaly_a bone_n and_o resemble_v a_o knub_n or_o knot_n which_o bend_v a_o little_a oblique_o inward_a be_v place_v before_o the_o door_n or_o entrance_n of_o the_o first_o cavity_n where_o on_o the_o inside_n it_o have_v a_o round_a furrow_n or_o be_v light_o excavate_v in_o the_o midst_n round_o about_o the_o circumference_n with_o two_o bony_a brim_n or_o edge_n swell_v out_o on_o either_o side_n in_o which_o furrow_n the_o membrane_n grow_v very_o fast_o round_o about_o that_o it_o may_v be_v secure_v from_o the_o violent_a motion_n either_o of_o the_o external_a air_n enter_v in_o or_o the_o internal_a air_n beat_v outward_a as_o it_o happen_v in_o oscitation_n or_o yawning_n when_o we_o hold_v our_o breath_n long_o or_o when_o we_o blow_v our_o nose_n wherefore_o it_o be_v most_o like_a that_o circle_n in_o a_o drum_n to_o which_o the_o vellum_n be_v fasten_v tab._n 10._o fig._n 3._o &_o 4._o q._n tab._n 11._o d._n and_o this_o bony_a ring_n in_o infant_n be_v easy_o separate_v from_o the_o temple_n bone_n but_o in_o grow_v body_n it_o be_v so_o close_o join_v on_o one_o side_n to_o the_o stony_a bone_n on_o the_o other_o side_n to_o the_o hole_n of_o hear_v that_o a_o man_n will_v not_o think_v it_o have_v be_v ever_o separate_v from_o they_o neither_o indeed_o can_v it_o be_v separate_v in_o grow_v body_n without_o break_v yet_o the_o furrow_n remain_v still_o to_o be_v see_v and_o thus_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o tympane_n seem_v to_o be_v separate_v in_o the_o circumference_n from_o the_o pericranium_n but_o let_v we_o hear_v what_o galen_n can_v say_v of_o this_o membrane_n galen_n inquire_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o this_o membrane_n and_o institute_v a_o comparison_n betwixt_o the_o cover_n or_o coat_n of_o the_o optic_a and_o the_o first_o nerve_n of_o hear_v and_o afterward_o membrane_n a_o passage_n out_o of_o galen_n prove_v that_o he_o know_v this_o membrane_n of_o the_o instrument_n of_o smell_v show_v that_o it_o be_v not_o fit_v these_o nerve_n shall_v be_v leave_v naked_a because_o than_o they_o will_v have_v be_v expose_v to_o all_o outward_a iviury_n see_v then_o they_o need_v a_o cover_n either_o it_o must_v be_v crass_a and_o sight_n as_o that_o of_o the_o eye_n or_o rare_a &_o porous_a or_o in_o a_o mean_a betwixt_o both_o it_o behoove_v not_o it_o shall_v be_v crass_a and_o sight_n because_o such_o a_o cover_n will_v have_v hinder_v the_o access_n of_o the_o air_n when_o it_o be_v move_v especial_o if_o the_o motion_n be_v but_o easy_a as_o it_o be_v when_o we_o speak_v ordinary_o one_o to_o another_o neither_o ought_v it_o to_o have_v be_v rare_a and_o porous_a for_o then_o the_o air_n will_v have_v pierce_v through_o it_o and_o so_o the_o nerve_n shall_v easy_o have_v be_v offend_v and_o the_o brain_n itself_o refrigerated_a tab._n 10._o show_v the_o ear_n and_o the_o diverse_a internal_a part_n thereof_o figure_n 1._o show_v the_o whole_a external_a ear_n with_o a_o part_n of_o the_o temple_n bone_n figure_n 2._o show_v the_o left_a bone_n of_o the_o temple_n divide_v in_o the_o midst_n by_o the_o instrument_n of_o hear_v where_o about_o on_o either_o side_n there_o be_v certain_a passage_n here_o particular_o describe_v fig._n 3_o &_o 4._o show_v the_o three_o little_a bone_n fig._n 5._o show_v a_o portion_n of_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o temple_n which_o be_v see_v near_o the_o hole_n of_o hear_v divide_v through_o the_o midst_n whereby_o the_o nerve_n bone_n &_o membrans_fw-la may_v appear_v as_o vesalius_n conceyve_v of_o they_o fig._n 6._o show_v the_o vessel_n membrane_n bone_n &_o hole_n of_o the_o organ_n of_o hear_v as_o platerus_n have_v describe_v they_o fig._n 7_o and_o 8._o show_v the_o little_a bone_n of_o the_o hear_n of_o a_o man_n and_o of_o a_o calf_n both_o join_v and_o separate_v fig._n 9_o show_v the_o muscle_n find_v out_o by_o aquapendens_fw-la tabula_fw-la x._o fig_n i._o iii_o ii_o v._o vii_o vi_o ix_o viii_o β_n the_o auditory_a nerve_n divide_v into_o two_o part_n where_o it_o pass_v through_o the_o four_o hole_n γ_n the_o iugular_a vein_n with_o a_o part_n of_o a_o nerve_n pass_v through_o the_o first_o cavity_n ♌_o where_o it_o pass_v through_o his_o second_o hole_n near_o to_o ♌_o εε_n a_o artery_n enter_v that_o cavitie_n through_o the_o three_o hole_n and_o a_o nerve_n fall_v through_o the_o same_o hole_n h_o the_o same_o artery_n fall_v through_o the_o five_o hole_n u._fw-mi the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o 5._o nerve_n reach_v unto_o the_o 2_o &_o 3._o cavity_n θθ_n a_o high_a part_n of_o the_o 5._o nerve_n bring_v through_o the_o scrue_a canal_n or_o pipe_n unto_o θ_o where_o it_o fall_v out_o x_o the_o tympane_n or_o drum_n shut_v the_o first_o cavity_n λ_n the_o three_o little_a bone_n of_o hear_v join_v together_o μ_n the_o three_o cavity_n or_o the_o trumpet_n of_o the_o organ_n of_o hear_v v_o the_o second_o cavity_n or_o the_o mettle_n my_o run_a out_o with_o three_o burrough_n ξ_n Ï€_n thâ—_n canale_n or_o watercourse_n carry_v a_o nerve_n and_o a_o artery_n open_v itself_o with_o two_o hole_n figu_n 7_o &_o 8_o â—_o the_o hammer_n σ_n the_o anvile_n Ï„_n the_o stirrup_n wherefore_o nature_n frame_v a_o muniment_n or_o defence_n to_o help_v the_o security_n of_o the_o instrument_n of_o a_o moderate_a consistence_n and_o thus_o he_o conclude_v nature_n therefore_o foresee_v that_o if_o she_o have_v make_v the_o construction_n of_o that_o nerve_n with_o a_o strong_a maniment_n it_o will_v indeed_o have_v be_v fit_n to_o bear_v off_o offence_n but_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o sense_n must_v of_o necessity_n have_v be_v deaf_a again_o if_o the_o construction_n of_o the_o nerve_n have_v have_v no_o defence_n it_o will_v have_v be_v very_o subject_a to_o outward_a injury_n and_o therefore_o she_o take_v a_o way_n betwixt_o they_o both_o and_o make_v for_o the_o construction_n of_o this_o nerve_n a_o help_n neither_o too_o stiff_a to_o hinder_v the_o sense_n of_o hear_v nor_o too_o rare_a that_o the_o air_n shall_v penetrate_v through_o it_o but_o of_o a_o moderate_a consistence_n which_o may_v not_o only_o secure_v the_o instrument_n from_o violence_n but_o also_o receive_v and_o return_v the_o impression_n of_o sound_n again_o the_o same_o galen_n write_v of_o the_o cover_n of_o the_o instrument_n of_o smell_a say_v that_o it_o need_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o defence_n more_o rare_a than_o that_o of_o the_o instrument_n of_o hear_v which_o be_v fast_o and_o sight_n because_o the_o object_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o smell_a be_v thick_a than_o the_o object_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o hear_v for_o the_o object_n of_o smell_a be_v a_o vaporous_a substance_n wherein_o the_o odour_n do_v exhale_v but_o the_o object_n of_o hear_v be_v air_n alter_v only_o by_o a_o impression_n of_o sound_n by_o this_o we_o may_v see_v that_o galen_n be_v not_o utter_o ignorant_a of_o this_o membrane_n and_o we_o have_v the_o rather_o insert_v this_o passage_n out_o of_o he_o because_o many_o late_a anatomist_n have_v avouch_v that_o galen_n make_v no_o mention_n thereof_o at_o all_o but_o be_v utter_o ignorant_a of_o it_o we_o return_v now_o unto_o the_o membrane_n the_o substance_n therefore_o of_o this_o membrane_n be_v thin_a fast_o dry_a translucide_n and_o of_o exquisite_a sense_n membrane_n the_o substance_n of_o the_o membrane_n so_o thin_a and_o fine_a that_o hipocrates_n compare_v it_o to_o a_o spider_n web_n the_o better_a to_o transmit_v a_o easy_a voice_n or_o soft_a sound_n for_o it_o be_v necessary_a unto_o the_o act_n of_o hear_v or_o if_o you_o will_v unto_o the_o passion_n of_o hear_v that_o the_o sound_n shall_v be_v communicate_v with_o the_o in_o breed_v air_n although_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o outward_a and_o inward_a air_n be_v not_o mingle_v and_o yet_o so_o strong_a withal_o that_o it_o may_v be_v able_a to_o
bone_n wherein_o what_o satisfaction_n they_o have_v give_v themselves_o i_o loss_n anatomist_n be_v here_o at_o a_o loss_n know_v not_o certain_o to_o we_o that_o read_v their_o writing_n they_o give_v but_o little_a their_o conceit_n be_v mere_a speculation_n &_o so_o intricate_a for_o the_o most_o part_n as_o if_o they_o do_v understand_v what_o they_o will_v have_v say_v yet_o they_o have_v not_o be_v able_a to_o express_v themselves_o unto_o other_o coiter_v i_o think_v resolve_v very_o well_o that_o their_o exact_a historieespecial_o for_o the_o use_n be_v not_o so_o curious_o to_o be_v seek_v into_o because_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o we_o shall_v attain_v further_o than_o a_o bare_a conjecture_n and_o beside_o something_o will_v be_v leave_v by_o we_o for_o admiration_n especial_o where_o our_o uncertain_a guess_n can_v bring_v we_o any_o great_a profit_n save_v the_o satisfaction_n of_o a_o over_o curious_a conceit_n it_o remain_v that_o we_o speak_v of_o that_o flend_a 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tendon_n who_o coiter_v and_o aquapendens_fw-la do_v follow_v but_o placentinus_n &_o according_a to_o he_o bauhine_v say_v they_o be_v two_o very_o small_a table_n ii_o fig._n 5._o below_o i_o one_o of_o which_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o upper_a process_n of_o the_o hammer_n the_o other_o into_o the_o neck_n thereof_o but_o in_o dog_n a_o little_a before_o the_o insertion_n it_o have_v a_o fleshy_a and_o round_a glandule_n a_o little_a depress_v which_o be_v not_o fix_v to_o the_o membrane_n lest_o if_o it_o be_v draw_v by_o itself_o be_v very_o small_a it_o shall_v be_v in_o danger_n of_o break_v this_o muscle_n when_o it_o work_v draw_v the_o head_n of_o the_o hammer_n oblique_o forward_o and_o inward_a deduce_v or_o incline_v it_o from_o the_o anvil_n and_o bend_v the_o process_n of_o the_o hammer_n drive_v the_o membrane_n outward_a that_o this_o be_v the_o use_n of_o this_o muscle_n arantius_n prove_v by_o a_o experiment_n on_o this_o manner_n arantius_n the_o use_n of_o it_o according_a to_o arantius_n if_o say_v he_o in_o a_o green_a head_n that_o be_v well_o dissect_v till_o you_o come_v to_o this_o part_n you_o draw_v this_o muscle_n with_o a_o sharp_a hook_n towards_o his_o original_n you_o shall_v find_v it_o have_v a_o double_a use_n one_o that_o the_o head_n of_o the_o hammer_n will_v manifest_o recede_v or_o depart_v from_o the_o anuil_n and_o be_v lift_v up_o the_o other_o that_o the_o membrane_n will_v be_v drive_v outward_a now_o this_o motion_n which_o be_v make_v in_o the_o ear_n although_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v voluntary_a because_o it_o be_v accomplish_v by_o a_o muscle_n which_o be_v a_o instrument_n of_o voluntary_a motion_n yet_o it_o can_v hardly_o be_v perceive_v by_o ourselves_o yea_o we_o hear_v whether_o we_o will_v or_o no_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o muscle_n be_v so_o very_o small_a neither_o do_v we_o want_v example_n of_o many_o muscle_n which_o we_o know_v assure_o do_v work_v as_o well_o while_o we_o sleep_v as_o 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the_o steel_n make_v when_o you_o strike_v fire_n out_o of_o the_o flint_n this_o motion_n be_v especial_o perceyve_v when_o a_o man_n begin_v to_o yawn_v but_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o it_o we_o hear_v a_o kind_n of_o obscure_a or_o dull_a sound_n from_o the_o commotion_n of_o the_o air_n much_o like_o the_o noise_n that_o a_o staff_n make_v when_o it_o be_v beat_v against_o the_o air_n but_o this_o motion_n or_o noise_n in_o the_o air_n many_o man_n do_v not_o observe_v neither_o do_v it_o seem_v to_o i_o say_v placentinus_n to_o have_v any_o use_n or_o to_o confer_v at_o all_o to_o the_o sense_n of_o hear_v for_o if_o there_o be_v a_o noise_n in_o the_o air_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n a_o man_n shall_v strive_v to_o stir_v up_o this_o motion_n he_o shall_v hear_v the_o outward_a noise_n more_o imperfect_o and_o therefore_o this_o motion_n seem_v to_o happen_v either_o from_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o matter_n the_o muscle_n necessary_o follow_v the_o attrition_n of_o the_o hammer_n against_o the_o anvile_n or_o else_o it_o be_v ordain_v by_o nature_n for_o the_o avoid_n of_o vapour_n for_o in_o ague_n wherein_o many_o vapour_n do_v arise_v unto_o the_o head_n this_o noise_n be_v frequent_o hear_v which_o we_o conceive_v to_o be_v when_o as_o the_o vapour_n which_o fill_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o ear_n be_v by_o this_o motion_n dislodge_v and_o yet_o we_o may_v understande_v that_o this_o motion_n be_v not_o altogether_o at_o our_o own_o disposition_n in_o like_a manner_n say_v bauhine_v when_o the_o ear_n be_v purge_v into_o the_o mouth_n by_o the_o passage_n himself_o bauhine_v demonstration_n thereof_o out_o of_o the_o experience_n in_o himself_o that_o way_n open_v i_o be_o wont_v to_o perceive_v in_o myself_o a_o kind_n of_o tickle_v within_o my_o mouth_n
large_a cavity_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o nature_n frame_v this_o stony_a bone_n long_o and_o round_o that_o so_o it_o may_v contain_v the_o more_o furthermore_o this_o cavity_n be_v but_o single_a whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o though_o there_o be_v many_o noise_n make_v together_o yet_o they_o be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n receive_v aquapendens_fw-la why_o this_o be_v single_a a_o witty_a conceit_n of_o aquapendens_fw-la for_o if_o this_o first_o cavity_n have_v be_v distinguish_v into_o many_o den_n neither_o will_v the_o sound_n have_v be_v receive_v at_o the_o same_o time_n nor_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n entertain_v and_o judge_v of_o by_o the_o faculty_n for_o the_o diversity_n of_o reception_n will_v also_o have_v induce_v a_o diversity_n of_o apprehension_n as_o aquapendens_fw-la very_o witty_o have_v observe_v the_o interior_a superficies_n or_o inner_a surface_n of_o this_o cavity_n be_v unequal_a be_v in_o some_o part_n depress_v and_o thrill_v through_o in_o 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this_o cavity_n air_n which_o be_v to_o receive_v the_o outward_a air_n alter_v by_o the_o sound_n it_o be_v very_o necessary_a that_o it_o shall_v receive_v some_o kind_n of_o percussion_n but_o be_v by_o the_o membrane_n distinguish_v or_o divide_v from_o the_o hole_n of_o hear_v it_o can_v not_o receive_v the_o alteration_n of_o the_o outward_a air_n without_o some_o other_o help_n which_o help_n be_v pulsation_n and_o that_o pulsation_n be_v accomplish_v by_o the_o three_o bone_n the_o chord_n and_o the_o muscle_n now_o that_o the_o internal_a air_n be_v affect_v by_o the_o pulsation_n of_o the_o outward_a air_n alter_v by_o the_o sound_n may_v carry_v this_o affection_n unto_o the_o sense_n there_o be_v make_v certain_a canales_fw-la wherein_o the_o inward_a air_n may_v be_v convey_v unto_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n to_o wit_n the_o two_o window_n with_o a_o passage_n into_o the_o labyrinth_n furthermore_o it_o be_v also_o necessary_a that_o this_o implant_v air_n shall_v be_v preserve_v pure_a as_o also_o be_v cherish_v and_o sustain_v by_o the_o air_n which_o we_o draw_v in_o at_o our_o mouth_n to_o which_o purpose_n nature_n have_v create_v a_o canal_n or_o passage_n out_o of_o this_o cavity_n into_o the_o pallate_n by_o which_o it_o be_v purge_v and_o receive_v new_a air_n for_o his_o perpetual_a nourishment_n of_o the_o instrument_n serve_v to_o pulsation_n we_o have_v entreat_v at_o large_a in_o the_o seventeenth_o &_o eighteen_o chapter_n of_o those_o serve_v for_o expurgation_n very_o particular_o in_o the_o nineteenth_o chapter_n and_o both_o we_o have_v repeat_v in_o this_o it_o remain_v now_o that_o we_o prosecute_v those_o organ_n which_o serve_v for_o traiection_n or_o transmission_n of_o the_o affect_a air_n unto_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n and_o so_o to_o the_o first_o sensator_fw-la chap._n xxi_o of_o the_o two_o window_n call_v fenestellae_fw-la and_o the_o watercourse_n in_o the_o first_o cavitie_n in_o this_o cavity_n there_o be_v two_o hole_n very_o small_a which_o some_o man_n call_v fenestra_fw-la or_o fenestellae_fw-la the_o window_n these_o regard_n the_o orb_n of_o the_o hole_n of_o hear_v as_o from_o a_o high_a place_n the_o first_o which_o be_v the_o foreward_n and_o the_o high_a and_z look_v towards_o the_o face_n tab._n 8._o fig._n 4._o and_o 5._o f._n tab._n 10._o fig._n 2._o k._n be_v as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o cavity_n be_v of_o a_o ouall_a figure_n or_o like_v a_o egg_n and_o first_o the_o first_o therefore_o be_v it_o by_o some_o anatomist_n call_v fenestra_fw-la ovalis_fw-la the_o oval_a window_n it_o be_v somewhat_o long_a and_o flat_v on_o the_o side_n and_o in_o the_o back_n side_n it_o open_v itself_o into_o the_o colchea_n or_o the_o last_o cavity_n with_o a_o large_a mouth_n and_o become_v so_o like_o the_o forepart_n ovalis_fw-la fenestra_fw-la ovalis_fw-la of_o the_o colchea_n that_o a_o man_n can_v tell_v whether_o that_o this_o ouall_a window_n open_a into_o the_o colchea_n or_o the_o colchea_n into_o it_o this_o also_o join_v itself_o with_o the_o posterior_n hole_n and_o pass_v inward_a be_v dilate_v and_o make_v as_o it_o be_v a_o market_n place_n or_o be_v like_o the_o cavitie_n of_o a_o mettle_n i_o for_o thus_o the_o anatomist_n have_v please_v to_o compare_v little_a thing_n with_o great_a from_o which_o many_o street_n way_n or_o burrough_n do_v run_v upon_o this_o lie_v the_o basis_n of_o the_o stirrup_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n close_v it_o up_o the_o other_o hole_n or_o window_n be_v the_o posterior_n and_o low_a tab._n 8._o fig._n 3._o 4._o g._n tab._n 10._o fig._n 2._o l._n it_o be_v round_o and_o less_o than_o the_o former_a and_o somewhat_o narrow_a in_o a_o man_n but_o in_o a_o calf_n and_o a_o sheep_n say_v placentinus_n it_o be_v somewhat_o large_a and_o a_o little_a extuberate_v or_o bunch_v out_o always_o open_v it_o be_v and_o decline_v towards_o the_o backside_n of_o the_o cavity_n and_o yssu_v together_o with_o the_o former_a through_o the_o bone_n make_v a_o double_a canal_n betwixt_o these_o two_o window_n table_n 10._o figur_n 2._o k_n and_o l_o above_o the_o low_a hole_n be_v there_o a_o little_a knub_n or_o protuberation_n which_o together_o with_o the_o round_a hole_n and_o the_o strut_a bunch_n place_v under_o the_o upper_a part_n may_v be_v compare_v to_o the_o little_a boss_n say_v placentinus_n and_o before_o he_o vesalius_n coiter_v and_o platerus_n wherewith_o they_o use_v to_o adorn_v the_o cheek_n of_o a_o horse_n bit_n in_o this_o knub_n lie_v the_o chamber_n of_o the_o three_o cavity_n which_o be_v call_v cochlea_n of_o which_o we_o shall_v hear_v more_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n the_o use_n of_o these_o window_n be_v by_o pulsation_n to_o receive_v the_o sound_n communicate_v to_o the_o implant_v use_n their_o use_n air_n and_o to_o transmit_v the_o same_o to_o the_o other_o cavity_n that_o follow_v the_o low_a hole_n be_v cleaved_a into_o a_o double_a pipe_n which_o lie_v one_o upon_o another_o table_n 10._o figu_n 2._o two_o and_o be_v divide_v only_o by_o a_o thin_a bony_a scale_n the_o one_o of_o they_o together_o with_o the_o ouall_a window_n pass_v to_o the_o cochlea_n the_o other_o go_v into_o the_o labyrinth_n or_o the_o second_o cavity_n of_o the_o stony_a bone_n the_o more_o forward_o of_o these_o admit_v a_o surcle_n of_o the_o jugular_a vein_n and_o send_v out_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o first_o conjugation_n the_o posterior_n be_v compare_v to_o a_o watercourse_n watercourse_n the_o watercourse_n table_n 8._o fig._n 3._o h_o table_n 10._o figu_n 2._o g_o because_o it_o be_v like_o the_o pipe_n wherein_o water_n be_v convey_v imagine_v it_o to_o be_v in_o a_o serpentine_a still_o some_o call_v it_o the_o saylie_a pipe_n the_o ancient_n and_o galen_n call_v it_o caecum_fw-la meatum_fw-la the_o blind_a
begin_n to_o the_o end_n and_o this_o issue_n be_v narrow_a and_o direct_a for_o if_o this_o cavity_n have_v be_v blind_a without_o a_o outlet_a the_o air_n be_v beat_v can_v not_o have_v attain_v to_o the_o nerve_n of_o hear_v this_o be_v far_o less_o than_o the_o former_a two_o situate_a in_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o process_n under_o the_o knub_n of_o the_o first_o cavity_n that_o it_o may_v meet_v with_o the_o sound_n which_o proceed_v from_o behind_o situate_v where_o situate_v forward_o and_o be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o canal_n which_o we_o say_v be_v like_o a_o watercourse_n place_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o stony_a process_n by_o a_o thin_a bone_n like_o a_o bridge_n table_n 10._o fig._n 2._o betwixt_o n_z and_z f._n it_o be_v long_o and_o crooked_a and_o have_v three_o gyration_n sometime_o sometime_o four_o one_o of_o they_o receive_v another_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o coehlea_n or_o snaile-shell_n by_o which_o it_o be_v intorted_a figure_n the_o figure_n some_o what_o inward_a and_o downward_o but_o the_o broad_a screw_n stand_v high_o receive_v the_o nerve_n the_o narrow_a stand_v low_a determine_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o bone_n and_o work_v itself_o also_o a_o passage_n into_o this_o end_v the_o hole_n of_o the_o first_o cavity_n call_v fenestella_n cualis_fw-la which_o platerus_a call_v the_o low_a hole_n and_o placentinus_n the_o upper_a table_n 10._o fig._n 2._o l_o i_o mean_v into_o the_o great_a gyre_n of_o this_o bone_n this_o bone_n of_o the_o cochlea_n or_o the_o snail_n shell_n consist_v of_o two_o kind_n of_o circle_n whereof_o one_o be_v make_v of_o a_o bony_a substance_n very_o thin_a and_o dry_a which_o may_v easy_o be_v crumble_v and_o on_o every_o side_n like_o a_o snake_n roll_v up_o into_o bought_n the_o other_o be_v first_o propound_v by_o eustachius_n which_o be_v make_v of_o a_o soft_a &_o mucous_a matter_n yet_o firm_a and_o have_v i_o know_v not_o what_o kind_n of_o sandy_a matter_n mingle_v therewith_o it_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o middle_a space_n of_o the_o first_o convolution_n eustachius_n eustachius_n as_o it_o be_v out_o of_o a_o large_a basis_n and_o be_v by_o degree_n extenuate_v end_v in_o a_o sharp_a point_n but_o it_o ascend_v not_o so_o high_a as_o that_o it_o touch_v the_o circumference_n of_o the_o bone_n wherinto_o the_o first_o gyration_n do_v determine_v this_o wonderful_a providence_n of_o our_o creator_n empedocles_n as_o galen_n witness_v in_o his_o empedocles_n empedocles_n book_n de_fw-fr historia_fw-la philosophica_fw-la do_v first_o intimate_v when_o he_o say_v that_o the_o sense_n of_o hear_v be_v make_v by_o the_o impulsion_n of_o the_o air_n or_o of_o a_o spirit_n which_o strike_v &_o beat_v the_o part_n like_o a_o snail_n shell_n suspend_v within_o the_o ear_n like_o a_o bell_n and_o with_o he_o agree_v aristotle_n in_o the_o aristetle_n aristetle_n eleven_o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr historia_fw-la animalium_fw-la where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o inward_a ear_n which_o be_v like_o the_o contortion_n of_o a_o snail_n shell_n end_v in_o a_o bone_n which_o be_v like_o the_o outward_a ear_n this_o three_o cavity_n as_o also_o the_o second_o and_o the_o burrough_n thereof_o be_v invest_v with_o a_o vesalius_n the_o membrane_n invest_v this_o cavitie_n vesalius_n soft_a and_o thin_a membrane_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o the_o socket_n of_o the_o tooth_n be_v vesalius_n say_v it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o five_o conjugation_n and_o that_o it_o do_v invest_v but_o some_o part_n only_o of_o the_o cavity_n not_o all_o throughout_o into_o this_o cavity_n as_o well_o as_o into_o the_o former_a do_v run_v three_o or_o four_o hole_n so_o small_a that_o a_o hair_n will_v scarce_o pass_v through_o they_o issue_v out_o of_o that_o canal_n through_o which_o we_o say_v the_o auditory_a nerve_n do_v pass_v through_o which_o hole_n certain_a nerve_n of_o the_o fist_n conjugation_n or_o at_o least_o their_o faculty_n be_v communicate_v to_o the_o forensayde_v membrane_n so_o differ_v bauhine_v from_o vesalius_n and_o although_o it_o be_v general_o believe_v that_o the_o sense_n of_o hear_v be_v especial_o make_v in_o cavity_n bauhine_v the_o use_n of_o these_o cavity_n the_o first_o cavity_n yet_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o it_o be_v also_o make_v in_o the_o other_o seeing_z into_z they_o as_o be_v say_v there_o be_v surcle_n of_o nerve_n derive_v and_o in_o they_o also_o animal_n spirit_n and_o inbred_a air_n be_v contain_v notwithstanding_o the_o two_o hindmost_a cavity_n be_v rather_o make_v to_o hinder_v a_o echo_n or_o reflection_n of_o the_o sound_n to_o the_o first_o cavity_n and_o whereas_o these_o cavity_n have_v hole_n of_o diverse_a magnitude_n length_n and_o figure_n it_o be_v reasonable_a to_o think_v that_o they_o kind_n why_o perforation_n be_v of_o diverse_a kind_n be_v so_o frame_v for_o the_o difference_n of_o sound_n for_o a_o base_a sound_n and_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o air_n iequire_v a_o large_a hole_n the_o length_n prohibit_v the_o echo_n and_o the_o reflection_n of_o the_o sound_n wherefore_o the_o great_a sound_n require_v long_o canales_fw-la and_o the_o lesser_a short_a that_o the_o sound_n in_o they_o may_v as_o it_o be_v be_v appease_v and_o a_o echo_n prohibit_v the_o variety_n of_o the_o figure_n make_v much_o either_o for_o the_o natural_a delation_n or_o transmition_n of_o the_o sound_n and_o the_o air_n which_o run_v for_o the_o most_o part_n through_o circle_a meander_n or_o that_o the_o sound_n in_o they_o may_v rest_v now_o we_o may_v easy_o imagine_v that_o a_o sound_n will_v soon_o cease_v or_o be_v appease_v when_o it_o run_v through_o many_o turn_n or_o gyration_n than_o it_o will_v do_v if_o it_o be_v convey_v by_o a_o straight_a line_n but_o the_o use_n of_o this_o three_o cavitie_n coiter_v elegant_o show_v and_o confirm_v by_o a_o instance_n in_o a_o circle_a instrument_n put_v case_n it_o be_v a_o sackebut_n for_o if_o a_o man_n lay_v his_o ear_n to_o the_o coiter_v the_o use_n of_o the_o 3._o cavitie_n after_o coiter_v hole_n of_o such_o a_o instrument_n he_o shall_v here_o a_o wonderful_a whistle_n and_o hiss_v noise_n and_o murmur_n where_o if_o a_o man_n blow_n into_o it_o with_o his_o mouth_n it_o will_v sound_v like_o a_o trumpet_n and_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o stony_a bone_n and_o the_o cavity_n thereof_o now_o we_o proceed_v chap._n xxiii_o of_o the_o nerve_n which_o arive_v at_o the_o ear_n at_o length_n we_o be_v come_v to_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n which_o make_v that_o conjugation_n which_o be_v common_o call_v the_o five_o tab._n 21._o lib._n 7._o fig._n 1._o 2._o a._n tab._n 15._o lib._n 7_o fig._n 20._o m._n it_o issue_v out_o of_o the_o tranuerse_n process_n of_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la and_o be_v arise_v where_o it_o arise_v a_o thick_a and_o large_a nerve_n therefore_o near_o of_o all_o to_o the_o after-braine_n because_o it_o be_v to_o convey_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o animal_n spirit_n it_o insinuate_v itself_o into_o the_o first_o hole_n of_o the_o stony_a bone_n which_o a_o large_a perforation_n and_o make_v of_o purpose_n within_o the_o scull_n for_o the_o transmission_n of_o this_o nerve_n which_o it_o hide_v all_o the_o way_n it_o run_v forward_o till_o in_o the_o middle_n almost_o of_o the_o stony_a process_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o unequal_a part_n the_o one_o large_a &_o ample_a the_o other_o small_a but_o hard_a hard_a i_o say_v then_o the_o other_o not_o through_o out_o the_o length_n of_o it_o but_o only_o in_o that_o part_n which_o be_v long_o than_o the_o former_a for_o that_o we_o soft_a how_o many_o way_n a_o nerve_n become_v hard_a and_o soft_a may_v say_v so_o much_o by_o the_o way_n the_o softness_n or_o hardness_n of_o a_o nerve_n depend_v upon_o 3._o thing_n first_o upon_o the_o original_n so_o those_o nerve_n that_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o brain_n itself_o be_v the_o soft_a those_o that_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o after-braine_n or_o out_o of_o the_o spinal_a marrow_n be_v the_o hard_a second_o upon_o their_o distance_n as_o they_o be_v far_o from_o their_o original_n or_o near_o unto_o it_o so_o the_o optic_a nerve_n be_v the_o soft_a of_o the_o whole_a body_n because_o they_o be_v near_o to_o their_o original_n the_o nerve_n of_o the_o hand_n and_o foot_n the_o hard_a because_o they_o be_v far_o off_o or_o three_o it_o hang_v upon_o their_o contaction_n for_o from_o their_o contaction_n with_o hard_a body_n as_o bone_n &_o gristle_n or_o with_o soft_a as_o fat_a and_o vessel_n they_o become_v hard_a and_o soft_a as_o platentinus_n have_v observe_v but_o this_o by_o the_o way_n this_o slender_a production_n of_o the_o nerve_n through_o the_o upper_a hole_n of_o the_o fore_n mention_v
passage_n enter_v into_o that_o secret_a bony_a canal_n which_o we_o call_v the_o watercourse_n and_o so_o creep_v towards_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o head_n afterward_o it_o be_v reflect_v and_o enter_v into_o the_o first_o cavitie_n and_o fall_v downward_o and_o backward_o it_o issue_v out_o of_o the_o bone_n at_o the_o root_n of_o the_o lap_n of_o the_o ear_n and_o be_v subdivide_v into_o three_o especial_a branch_n the_o large_a and_o upper_a run_v out_o into_o the_o foreside_n and_o the_o backside_n of_o the_o root_n of_o the_o outward_a ear_n the_o low_a derive_v through_o the_o jaw_n be_v distribute_v into_o the_o branch_n 3_o branch_n masseter_n muscle_n and_o the_o first_o muscle_n that_o move_v the_o cheek_n the_o three_o which_o be_v the_o middlemost_a be_v very_o small_a and_o capillary_a and_o be_v dissiminate_v into_o the_o glandulous_a and_o membranous_a part_n about_o the_o root_n of_o the_o ear_n there_o be_v also_o other_o threedy_a surcle_n which_o be_v nerve_n small_a thread_n of_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n spend_v into_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o larynx_n or_o throttle_v and_o of_o the_o bone_n hyois_n and_o this_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o consent_n between_o the_o ear_n the_o tongue_n and_o the_o larynx_n hence_o also_o it_o be_v that_o when_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n be_v original_o and_o in_o the_o first_o conformation_n obstruct_v those_o that_o be_v bear_v dumb_a why_o those_o that_o be_v bear_v deaf_a be_v also_o dumb_a deaf_a be_v also_o dumb_a and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o lesser_a part_n of_o the_o nerve_n the_o thick_a part_n of_o the_o nerve_n which_o be_v soft_a and_o be_v proper_o the_o nerve_n of_o hear_v because_o it_o of_o itself_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o sense_n be_v lead_v through_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o foresay_a passage_n and_o run_v out_o into_o the_o den_n or_o cave_n of_o the_o stony_a process_n yet_o the_o large_a branch_n do_v determine_v hear_v the_o very_a nerve_n of_o hear_v in_o the_o first_o cavitie_n as_o be_v the_o large_a and_o of_o most_o use_n where_o they_o be_v dilate_v like_o a_o membrane_n and_o make_v the_o chief_a instrument_n of_o hear_v wherefore_o the_o receive_a opinion_n be_v that_o in_o this_o cavity_n the_o sense_n of_o hear_v be_v especial_o administer_v because_o into_o it_o the_o animal_n spirit_n enter_v through_o the_o nerve_n &_o be_v there_o mix_v with_o the_o inbred_a air_n out_o of_o this_o 1._o cavity_n through_o small_a proforation_n of_o the_o foresay_a cavitie_n run_v certain_a small_a thread_n into_o the_o other_o two_o cavity_n which_o be_v communicate_v to_o the_o membrane_n wherewith_o they_o be_v compass_v the_o use_n of_o this_o nerve_n be_v according_a to_o galen_n in_o the_o six_o chapter_n of_o his_o eight_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la it_o the_o use_n of_o it_o partium_fw-la &_o auerrhoe_n 2._o collect._n to_o be_v the_o organ_n of_o hear_v and_o to_o receive_v the_o sensible_a object_n that_o come_v from_o without_o and_o to_o lead_v the_o image_n of_o the_o sound_n unto_o the_o brain_n as_o unto_o their_o competent_a judge_n and_o censor_n say_v laurentius_n but_o from_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o four_o conjugation_n of_o the_o brain_n there_o depart_v a_o very_a chord_n the_o chord_n small_a surcle_n which_o with_o a_o wind_a passage_n enter_v into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o ear_n near_o the_o bony_a canal_n which_o go_v to_o the_o palate_n than_o it_o cleave_v oblique_o to_o the_o tympane_n and_o after_o to_o the_o hammer_n above_o the_o insertion_n of_o the_o muscle_n and_o proceed_v on_o perforate_v the_o stony_a bone_n in_o the_o backside_n of_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o hear_n then_o a_o little_a reflect_v it_o creep_v eustachius_n eustachius_n downward_o till_o it_o meet_v and_o join_v itself_o with_o a_o small_a and_o hard_a branch_n of_o the_o five_o conjugation_n this_o eustachius_n call_v a_o nerve_n other_o call_v it_o the_o chord_n or_o thread_n which_o say_v they_o run_v through_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o tympane_n but_o whence_o it_o arise_v and_o whither_o it_o will_v or_o whether_o it_o be_v a_o nerve_n or_o a_o artery_n they_o free_o confess_v that_o they_o be_v ignorant_a chap._n xxiv_o of_o the_o implant_v or_o inbred_a air_n galen_n in_o his_o seven_o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la speak_v of_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o sense_n determine_v that_o the_o instrument_n of_o sight_n be_v lucid_a or_o bright_a that_o of_o the_o hear_n acreall_a that_o of_o the_o smell_v vaporous_a that_o of_o the_o taste_n moist_a and_o that_o of_o the_o touch_v earthy_a wherefore_o when_o we_o say_v that_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o hear_n be_v airy_a or_o like_v unto_o air_n we_o understand_v that_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o man_n body_n take_v the_o generate_v the_o object_n of_o all_o the_o sense_n plato_n how_o this_o air_n be_v generate_v word_n part_v in_o a_o large_a signification_n which_o imitate_v the_o nature_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o air_n this_o air_n of_o which_o plato_n among_o the_o philosopher_n make_v first_o mention_n be_v seat_v in_o the_o ear_n from_o the_o first_o original_n of_o our_o generation_n in_o the_o womb_n of_o our_o mother_n i_o mean_v as_o soon_o as_o there_o be_v empty_a cavity_n hollow_v in_o the_o bone_n all_o which_o be_v fill_v with_o this_o air_n and_o therefore_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n and_o physician_n yea_o aristotle_n himself_o in_o the_o eight_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la and_o the_o 83_o text_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o the_o â—_z of_o it_o or_o inbred_a other_o call_v it_o congenit_fw-la implant_v complant_v and_o inaedificate_v it_o be_v make_v of_o the_o airy_a part_n of_o the_o seed_n and_o that_o very_o pure_a to_o which_o the_o pure_a airy_a part_n of_o the_o mother_n blood_n appli_v itself_o as_o to_o a_o body_n most_o like_a unto_o itself_o say_v archangelus_n this_o air_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o ear_n which_o may_v be_v prove_v because_o all_o the_o den_n contain_v where_o contain_v and_o cavity_n except_v the_o first_o in_o which_o be_v the_o small_a bone_n the_o muscle_n &_o the_o chord_n be_v empty_a see_v therefore_o there_o be_v in_o nature_n no_o vacuity_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o these_o empty_a cavity_n must_v be_v full_a of_o air_n this_o air_n be_v thin_a pure_a without_o any_o sound_n at_o all_o immoovable_a plentiful_a &_o separate_v air_n the_o nature_n of_o this_o air_n from_o the_o external_a air_n thin_a &_o pure_a that_o it_o may_v more_o ready_o and_o more_o perfect_o admit_v any_o external_a sound_n for_o through_o a_o crass_a and_o cloudy_a air_n the_o sound_n be_v not_o so_o free_o carry_v but_o hear_v with_o more_o difficulty_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o a_o man_n voice_n in_o winter_n be_v base_a problem_n pure_a arist_n problem_n than_o in_o summer_n because_o as_o say_v the_o philosopher_n in_o the_o 17._o problem_n of_o the_o 11._o section_n both_o the_o inward_a and_o the_o outward_a air_n be_v thick_a in_o winter_n then_o in_o summer_n now_o be_v thick_a it_o be_v move_v more_o slow_o this_o air_n be_v without_o any_o sound_n and_o therefore_o in_o the_o night_n we_o may_v hear_v better_a because_o problem_n without_o sound_n arist_n problem_n there_o be_v no_o noise_n stir_v as_o aristotle_n teach_v in_o the_o 33._o problem_n of_o the_o 11._o section_n ad_fw-la hereto_o that_o which_o he_o in_o the_o same_o place_n add_v that_o in_o the_o day_n time_n the_o air_n be_v dense_a because_o it_o be_v fill_v with_o light_n and_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n but_o in_o the_o night_n more_o rare_a because_o the_o fire_n and_o the_o beam_n be_v depart_v thereout_o wherefore_o the_o outward_a air_n which_o be_v alter_v by_o sound_n and_o like_o a_o wave_n of_o the_o sea_n bound_v to_o the_o ear_n be_v not_o admit_v into_o the_o inward_a ear_n neither_o do_v it_o touch_v the_o implant_v air_n for_o if_o it_o have_v the_o sense_n of_o hear_v will_v have_v be_v imperfect_a and_o the_o instrument_n will_v soon_o have_v be_v vitiate_a which_o aristotle_n prove_v by_o a_o instance_n in_o those_o instance_n aristotle_n instance_n that_o yaw_n in_o the_o 29_o problem_n of_o the_o 11._o section_n and_o in_o his_o five_o book_n de_fw-fr generatione_n animalium_fw-la and_o the_o second_o chapter_n for_o when_o we_o yawn_v we_o can_v hear_v so_o distinctlie_o because_o yawn_v why_o we_o can_v hear_v well_o when_o we_o yawn_v much_o of_o the_o air_n we_o breathe_v forth_o get_v into_o the_o ear_n insomuch_o that_o we_o may_v sensible_o perceyve_v the_o motion_n thereof_o for_o when_o the_o internal_a air_n resist_v the_o occursation_n of_o the_o outward_a there_o arise_v a_o noise_n in_o the_o ear_n which_o noise_n as_o also_o the_o circumaction_n or_o
that_o the_o nature_n of_o hear_v be_v airy_a mundinus_n say_v there_o be_v a_o audible_a spirit_n in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o stonybone_n which_o be_v the_o mundinus_n mundinus_n instrument_n of_o hear_v carpus_n thus_o the_o implant_v air_n receyve_v the_o species_n or_o form_n which_o be_v bring_v carpus_n carpus_n to_o the_o sense_n of_o hear_v varolius_fw-la the_o include_v airy_a spirit_n be_v the_o proper_a instrument_n of_o hear_v archangelus_n varolius_fw-la coiter_v archangelus_n coiter_v this_o air_n be_v the_o first_o and_o principal_a organ_n of_o hear_v yea_o a_o part_n of_o the_o soul_n archangelus_n it_o be_v the_o most_o principal_a instrument_n of_o hear_v which_o the_o faculty_n use_v in_o the_o perception_n of_o sound_n and_o voice_n and_o in_o judge_v of_o they_o aquapendens_fw-la the_o office_n of_o this_o air_n be_v to_o receive_v outward_a and_o external_a sound_n &_o so_o it_o be_v the_o principal_a author_n of_o hear_v aquapendens_fw-la aquapendens_fw-la placentinus_n it_o be_v the_o matter_n which_o receyve_v the_o sound_n the_o medium_fw-la wherethrough_a it_o be_v transport_v for_o after_o it_o have_v receyve_v a_o sound_n it_o do_v not_o conceyve_v it_o or_o judge_v of_o placentinus_n placentinus_n it_o as_o be_v a_o thing_n inanimate_v now_o no_o action_n of_o the_o soul_n can_v be_v perform_v by_o that_o which_o be_v not_o animate_v laurentius_n this_o air_n be_v exceed_o necessary_a to_o the_o sense_n of_o hear_v without_o which_o i_o can_v laurentius_n laurentius_n scarce_o conceive_v how_o we_o shall_v hear_v at_o all_o but_o that_o it_o be_v the_o principal_a organ_n of_o hear_v i_o can_v never_o be_v persuade_v especial_o because_o it_o be_v not_o animate_v but_o rather_o i_o believe_v it_o to_o be_v a_o internal_a medium_fw-la final_o our_o author_n bauhine_n set_v down_o the_o use_n of_o it_o in_o these_o term_n this_o air_n the_o faculty_n of_o hear_v use_v as_o a_o internal_a medium_fw-la for_o the_o susception_n and_o transvection_n bauhine_v bauhine_v or_o transportation_n of_o sound_v and_o voice_n to_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n by_o it_o to_o be_v discern_v like_v as_o in_o all_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o other_o sense_n there_o be_v require_v a_o double_a medium_fw-la the_o one_o outward_a the_o other_o inward_a inward_a as_o in_o the_o sight_n the_o watery_a humour_n in_o the_o taste_n the_o spittle_n in_o the_o smell_v the_o spongy_a bone_n in_o the_o touch_v the_o skin_n be_v the_o internal_a medium_fw-la a_o inward_a &_o a_o outward_a medium_fw-la medium_fw-la although_o i_o know_v laurentius_n will_v have_v it_o the_o cuticle_n in_o which_o the_o form_n or_o idea_n of_o thing_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o thing_n themselves_o and_o so_o naked_a be_v transport_v unto_o the_o first_o sensator_fw-la in_o like_a manner_n the_o implant_v air_n be_v gather_v in_o the_o inward_a ear_n to_o receive_v the_o abstract_a form_n of_o the_o sound_n and_o to_o transport_v they_o or_o convey_v they_o unto_o the_o sense_n again_o as_o in_o all_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o sense_n the_o internal_a medium_fw-la be_v distinct_a and_o a_o hear_v that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o chief_a organ_n of_o hear_v differ_a thing_n from_o the_o principal_a organ_n to_o which_o the_o action_n particular_o belong_v as_o in_o the_o organ_n of_o sight_n the_o watery_a humour_n be_v think_v to_o be_v the_o internal_a medium_fw-la but_o the_o chrystaline_a the_o principal_a part_n receive_v the_o representation_n but_o not_o judge_v of_o they_o so_o in_o the_o hear_v the_o internal_a medium_fw-la be_v this_o implant_v air_n but_o the_o principal_a part_n be_v the_o auditory_a nerve_n which_o yet_o do_v not_o judge_v of_o the_o idea_n but_o conduct_v it_o to_o the_o brain_n that_o be_v to_o the_o first_o sensator_fw-la chap._n xxv_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o hear_v and_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o sound_v consider_v that_o to_o entreat_v of_o the_o manner_n of_o hear_v belong_v rather_o to_o a_o philosopher_n then_o to_o anatomist_n we_o will_v be_v but_o brief_a herein_o yet_o something_o we_o think_v good_a to_o say_v because_o the_o structure_n of_o the_o ear_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n unknown_a to_o the_o ancient_n the_o ear_n be_v the_o instrument_n of_o hear_v and_o the_o action_n of_o the_o ear_n be_v the_o medium_fw-la three_o thing_n require_v to_o sensation_n object_n definition_n of_o a_o sound_n medium_fw-la sense_n of_o hear_v unto_o this_o sense_n there_o be_v three_o thing_n require_v a_o object_n a_o medium_fw-la and_o a_o instrument_n the_o object_n be_v that_o which_o be_v audible_a that_o be_v all_z sounds_z a_o sound_n be_v a_o quality_n yssue_v out_o of_o the_o air_n coiter_v add_v or_o the_o water_n beat_v by_o sudden_a and_o forcible_a collision_n or_o concurrence_n of_o hard_a and_o solid_a body_n and_o those_o smooth_a concavous_a and_o large_a this_o definition_n we_o will_v labot_n to_o explain_v in_o this_o follow_a discourse_n the_o medium_fw-la be_v either_o externall_n or_o internal_a the_o externall_n medium_fw-la according_a to_o aristotle_n be_v air_n or_o water_n but_o in_o water_n the_o sound_n be_v but_o dull_a as_o a_o man_n may_v perceive_v when_o his_o head_n be_v under_o water_n yet_o they_o say_v that_o fish_n can_v hear_v in_o the_o water_n very_o well_o as_o they_o can_v assure_v we_o that_o use_n in_o the_o night_n time_n to_o fish_n for_o mullet_n and_o although_o the_o water_n go_v into_o the_o water_n do_v make_v a_o sound_n yet_o this_o sound_n be_v make_v in_o the_o air_n and_o by_o the_o interposition_n thereof_o though_o it_o be_v make_v by_o the_o water_n the_o internal_a medium_fw-la be_v the_o implant_v air_n conclude_v within_o the_o den_n or_o cavity_n of_o the_o ear_n the_o instrument_n although_o we_o may_v say_v it_o be_v the_o whole_a inward_a ear_n furnish_v instrument_n furnish_v 3._o instrument_n with_o his_o cavity_n and_o other_o particle_n above_o express_v and_o although_o that_o general_o the_o philosopher_n and_o physician_n do_v determine_v that_o the_o inbred_a air_n be_v the_o especial_a and_o proper_a organ_n of_o hear_v because_o as_o in_o the_o eye_n the_o chrystaline_a receive_v the_o object_n that_o be_v the_o light_n so_o this_o inbred_a air_n receive_v the_o sound_n yet_o we_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o not_o this_o air_n but_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n be_v the_o principal_a instrument_n for_o we_o think_v with_o galen_n that_o not_o only_o the_o alteration_n or_o reception_n which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o inbred_a air_n be_v the_o sense_n of_o hear_v but_o also_o the_o dignotion_n or_o judgement_n of_o that_o alteration_n wherefore_o sound_v and_o voice_n be_v transfer_v by_o this_o air_n to_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n as_o unto_o the_o substance_n that_o be_v apprehensive_a and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o common_a sense_n where_o they_o be_v exquisite_o judge_v off_o for_o if_o they_o must_v be_v know_v and_o perceive_v then_o must_v they_o touch_v some_o substance_n endue_v with_o sense_n because_o all_o action_n be_v by_o contaction_n now_o the_o sensative_a faculty_n be_v not_o transport_v out_o of_o the_o body_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o sound_n shall_v apply_v itself_o to_o the_o eare._n the_o sound_n be_v generate_v of_o hard_a body_n mutual_o strike_v one_o another_o as_o of_o the_o efficient_a cause_n for_o soft_a body_n do_v easy_o yield_v not_o resist_v the_o force_n that_o be_v offer_v unto_o they_o make_v how_o sound_n be_v make_v and_o be_v receive_v in_o the_o air_n as_o in_o his_o matter_n this_o air_n accompany_v the_o sound_n and_o carry_v it_o as_o it_o be_v on_o his_o wing_n for_o as_o the_o air_n be_v move_v so_o also_o be_v the_o sound_v carry_v as_o we_o may_v perceive_v by_o a_o ring_n of_o bell_n far_o off_o from_o we_o for_o when_o the_o wind_n blow_v towards_o we_o we_o shall_v hear_v they_o very_o loud_o again_o when_o the_o air_n be_v whiff_v another_o way_n the_o sound_n also_o of_o the_o bell_n will_v be_v take_v from_o us._n so_o also_o when_o two_o hard_a body_n be_v smite_v the_o one_o against_o the_o other_o we_o see_v the_o purcussion_n before_o we_o hear_v the_o sound_n for_o we_o do_v not_o hear_v the_o sound_n before_o the_o air_n that_o be_v move_v do_o bring_v the_o sound_n with_o it_o to_o our_o ear_n neither_o be_v that_o motion_n make_v in_o a_o moment_n but_o in_o time_n and_o be_v carry_v swift_a or_o slow_a as_o the_o percussion_n of_o of_o the_o resist_a body_n be_v more_o or_o less_o vehement_a and_o quick_a for_o this_o the_o philosopher_n require_v in_o sound_n and_o consequent_o the_o repercussion_n or_o repulse_n of_o the_o air_n so_o we_o see_v in_o a_o drum_n if_o the_o skin_n or_o vellum_n be_v moist_a and_o lax_n either_o they_o will_v not_o sound_v at_o all_o or_o they_o make_v but_o a_o dull_a noise_n the_o
yet_o make_v not_o the_o membrane_n messa_n say_v that_o the_o sound_n be_v make_v by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o small_a bone_n and_o thence_o we_o hear_v messa_n hear_v 9_o messa_n volcherus_fw-la coiter_v the_o outward_a air_n affect_v with_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o sound_n run_v coiter_v run_v 10._o coiter_v upon_o the_o membrane_n or_o head_n of_o the_o drum_n which_o when_o it_o be_v beat_v move_v the_o small_a bone_n that_o be_v tie_v to_o it_o the_o bone_n strike_v the_o nerve_n that_o run_v overthwart_o the_o membrane_n the_o same_o nerve_n make_v a_o repercussion_n upon_o the_o membrane_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o air_n include_v receyve_v the_o alteration_n and_o the_o sound_n the_o sound_v without_o any_o disturbance_n be_v carry_v through_o the_o contort_a meander_n of_o the_o ear_n to_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n which_o receyve_v the_o image_n of_o the_o noise_n and_o present_v it_o to_o the_o principal_a sensator_fw-la laurentius_n have_v almost_o the_o very_a same_o in_o substance_n the_o outward_a aer_fw-la say_v he_o be_v strike_v laurentius_n strike_v 11._o laurentius_n by_o hard_a and_o solid_a body_n and_o affect_v with_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o sound_n alter_v the_o air_n that_o be_v next_o unto_o it_o till_o by_o a_o continuation_n it_o come_v to_o the_o ear_n where_o it_o first_o encounter_v with_o the_o membrane_n the_o membrane_n be_v strike_v move_v the_o three_o little_a bone_n and_o transmit_v in_o a_o moment_n the_o lively_a character_n of_o the_o sound_n which_o character_n be_v receyve_v by_o the_o implant_v air_n and_o through_o the_o window_n it_o send_v it_o through_o these_o crooked_a and_o wind_a labyrinth_n into_o the_o snail_n shell_n from_o whence_o it_o arrive_v at_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n and_o from_o thence_o be_v conveygh_v to_o the_o common_a sense_n as_o unto_o a_o equal_a judge_n or_o censor_n archangelus_n have_v it_o on_o this_o manner_n as_o near_o as_o i_o can_v understande_v he_o the_o thing_n that_o archangelus_n that_o 11._o archangelus_n make_v the_o sound_n seal_v or_o stamp_v in_o the_o air_n the_o species_n or_o form_n of_o the_o sound_n and_o withal_o drive_v it_o on_o unto_o the_o instrument_n of_o hear_v which_o be_v also_o airy_a that_o it_o may_v better_o receive_v those_o species_n and_o must_v likewise_o be_v move_v wherefore_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o ear_n stand_v always_o open_a and_o in_o his_o inside_n support_v the_o stretch_a membrane_n of_o the_o tympane_n behind_o which_o the_o airy_a instrument_n of_o hear_v be_v conclude_v or_o shut_v up_o and_o to_o which_o the_o anvile_n cleave_v when_o the_o outward_a air_n attain_v to_o that_o membrane_n the_o hammer_n beat_v upon_o the_o anvile_n and_o so_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v necessary_o that_o the_o instrument_n of_o hear_v by_o which_o he_o understand_v the_o implant_v air_n it_o move_v with_o the_o same_o motion_n that_o the_o outward_a air_n be_v move_v whence_o it_o be_v that_o altogether_o the_o same_o species_n or_o similitude_n of_o sound_n move_v the_o faculty_n of_o hear_v which_o be_v bring_v thither_o by_o the_o outward_a air_n now_o the_o nerve_n of_o hear_v do_v determine_v into_o the_o same_o place_n where_o this_o airy_a instrument_n of_o hear_v be_v conclude_v and_o a_o membrane_n make_v of_o the_o amplification_n of_o these_o nerve_n encompass_v that_o airy_a body_n as_o the_o optic_a nerve_n do_v arrive_v at_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n and_o as_o the_o optic_a nerve_n do_v convey_v upon_o the_o wing_n as_o it_o be_v of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n from_o the_o place_n of_o the_o common_a sense_n the_o visive_a faculty_n to_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n so_o these_o nerve_n from_o the_o same_o common_a sense_n do_v transport_v the_o faculty_n of_o hear_v to_o the_o principal_a organ_n of_o hear_v that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o perception_n make_v of_o audible_a thing_n and_o so_o the_o hear_v when_o it_o have_v apprehend_v the_o sound_n of_o a_o audible_a thing_n carry_v it_o to_o the_o soul_n and_o then_o the_o reason_n or_o the_o intellectual_a or_o sensative_a soul_n comprehend_v and_o take_v knowledge_n of_o that_o which_o make_v the_o sound_n to_o be_v a_o bell_n or_o a_o drum_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n final_o bauhine_v my_o author_n i_o call_v he_o so_o often_o my_o author_n to_o stop_v their_o mouth_n bauhine_v mouth_n 13._o bauhine_v who_o will_v think_v that_o i_o shall_v arragate_v too_o much_o to_o myself_o if_o i_o shall_v not_o acknowledge_v he_o from_o who_o i_o have_v take_v most_o of_o this_o history_n express_v it_o on_o this_o manner_n the_o outward_a air_n be_v a_o external_a medium_fw-la which_o be_v drive_v and_o move_v by_o the_o mutual_a percussion_n of_o two_o hard_a body_n and_o affect_v with_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o sound_n carry_v the_o sound_n which_o result_v from_o that_o percussion_n unto_o the_o eare._n the_o sound_n pass_v through_o the_o hole_n of_o hear_v which_o be_v always_o open_a unto_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o tympane_n which_o it_o move_v that_o membrane_n be_v move_v the_o implant_v or_o inbred_a air_n be_v also_o move_v and_o receive_v the_o sound_n or_o at_o least_o his_o character_n or_o impression_n and_o transport_v it_o out_o of_o the_o first_o cavity_n of_o the_o stonybone_n through_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o stirrup_n and_o the_o ouall_a window_n to_o the_o other_o two_o cavity_n which_o we_o call_v the_o labyrinth_n and_o the_o snayle-shel_n from_o thence_o it_o be_v convey_v to_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n and_o to_o the_o original_n thereof_o that_o be_v the_o afterbrain_n and_o so_o to_o the_o common_a sense_n as_o unto_o a_o judge_n that_o be_v able_a to_o determine_v of_o the_o difference_n of_o sound_n and_o because_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n be_v join_v in_o the_o bridge_n of_o the_o afterbrain_n from_o whence_o they_o proceed_v therefore_o all_o sound_n be_v apprehend_v in_o one_o comprehension_n not_o in_o two_o though_o there_o be_v two_o ear_n that_o be_v two_o organ_n of_o hear_v but_o least_o the_o membrane_n before_o mention_v shall_v be_v drive_v too_o much_o inward_a by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o outward_a air_n when_o it_o be_v violent_o beat_v nature_n provide_v three_o small_a bone_n and_o muscle_n as_o we_o have_v show_v before_o to_o prevent_v that_o inconvenience_n the_o use_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o hear_v according_a to_o aristotle_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr sensu_fw-la &_o sensili_fw-la be_v to_o acquire_v or_o get_v knowledge_n and_o wisdom_n for_o speech_n be_v a_o audible_a thing_n be_v the_o very_a cause_n of_o learning_n again_o by_o the_o hear_a thing_n be_v signify_v to_o ourselves_o as_o by_o aristotle_n the_o useof_o the_o hear_v aristotle_n our_o voice_n and_o tongue_n we_o be_v able_a to_o signify_v any_o thing_n to_o another_o as_o aristotle_n have_v well_o observe_v in_o the_o end_n of_o his_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la and_o so_o much_o shall_v have_v be_v sufficient_a to_o have_v speak_v concern_v the_o sense_n of_o hear_v wherein_o i_o find_v that_o i_o have_v great_a cause_n to_o entreat_v my_o reader_n favourablie_o to_o deprecation_n a_o deprecation_n read_v over_o this_o discourse_n and_o to_o pardon_v i_o if_o in_o some_o thing_n i_o have_v not_o so_o full_o satisfy_v he_o for_o there_o be_v some_o passage_n in_o my_o author_n wherein_o i_o have_v be_v entangle_v partly_o by_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o matter_n partly_o by_o the_o fault_n of_o the_o printer_n for_o in_o such_o a_o case_n as_o this_o the_o least_o error_n may_v prove_v a_o sufficient_a remora_fw-la or_o obstacle_n to_o interrupt_v the_o course_n of_o a_o discourse_n but_o as_o near_o as_o i_o can_v i_o have_v follow_v their_o word_n at_o least_o their_o meaning_n if_o they_o understand_v themselves_o as_o of_o some_o of_o they_o i_o make_v much_o doubt_n chap._n xxvi_o of_o the_o nose_n which_o be_v the_o instrmment_n of_o smell_a have_v absolve_v the_o history_n of_o those_o many_o particle_n which_o belong_v unto_o the_o sense_n of_o hear_v we_o will_v now_o come_v to_o the_o three_o outward_a sense_n which_o be_v the_o smell_a as_o therefore_o we_o say_v in_o the_o ear_n that_o there_o be_v a_o outward_a ear_n and_o a_o inward_a ear_n so_o must_v we_o also_o divide_v the_o nose_n into_o a_o outward_a and_o inward_a the_o outward_a nose_n carry_v with_o it_o say_v laurentius_n a_o kind_n of_o beauty_n yea_o of_o majesty_n and_o the_o egyptian_n in_o their_o hyeroglyphick_n signify_v a_o wise_a and_o use_n the_o outward_a use_n prudent_a man_n by_o a_o nose_n and_o festus_n call_v such_o wise_a man_n nasutos_fw-la as_o if_o they_o be_v able_a to_o send_v or_o smell_v the_o politic_a stratagem_n of_o other_o man_n beside_o man_n only_o those_o creature_n nasuti_n nasuti_n have_v this_o outward_a nose_n that_o have_v four_o foot_n and_o bring_v
only_o and_o they_o be_v six_o two_o on_o either_o side_n belong_v to_o the_o upper_a lip_n and_o one_o on_o either_o side_n belong_v to_o the_o nether_a the_o jaw_n be_v two_o the_o upper_a which_o in_o man_n be_v immovable_a and_o the_o low_a which_o be_v move_v jaw_n the_o jaw_n voluntary_o with_o a_o double_a kind_n of_o motion_n one_o simple_a another_o compound_n the_o simple_a motion_n be_v six_o upward_o downward_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o to_o the_o left_a forward_z and_o backward_o the_o compound_a motion_n be_v make_v of_o that_o which_o be_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o to_o the_o left_a and_o that_o which_o be_v forward_o and_o backward_o and_o by_o this_o motion_n the_o jaw_n be_v circumduce_v or_o lead_v about_o it_o be_v move_v upward_o by_o the_o muscle_n call_v temporalis_fw-la downward_o by_o digastricus_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o the_o leave_v by_o mansorius_n primus_fw-la backward_o by_o mansorius_n alter_v forward_o by_o the_o five_o pair_n of_o all_o which_o as_o also_o of_o the_o common_a muscle_n we_o shall_v entreat_v in_o the_o book_n of_o muscle_n and_o of_o the_o bone_n in_o the_o book_n of_o bone_n the_o part_n contain_v in_o the_o mouth_n be_v diverse_a beside_o the_o tooth_n and_o the_o bone_n hyois_fw-fr of_o which_o we_o shall_v entreat_v among_o the_o bone_n these_o be_v the_o gum_n the_o palate_n the_o vuula_n the_o almond_n the_o tongue_n the_o larynx_n or_o throttle_v the_o muscle_n of_o these_o part_n and_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o gullet_n the_o gum_n be_v make_v of_o flesh_n which_o auerrhoe_n say_v be_v glandulous_a the_o grecian_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o signify_v to_o involve_v it_o be_v hard_a say_v bauhine_v and_o immovable_a that_o so_o the_o tooth_n may_v be_v better_o fasten_v in_o their_o socket_n so_o hard_a the_o gum_n be_v that_o such_o as_o have_v lose_v their_o tooth_n be_v able_a to_o break_v their_o meat_n sometime_o with_o they_o the_o palate_n be_v the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o mouth_n wherefore_o the_o ancients_n as_o hypocrates_n palate_n the_o palate_n and_o galen_n from_o he_o call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d aristotle_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o it_o be_v caelum_fw-la oris_fw-la the_o latin_n call_v it_o jalatum_n because_o it_o be_v fence_v in_o with_o tooth_n as_o it_o be_v with_o pale_n as_o if_o one_o shall_v say_v pale_v in_o tab._n 13._o fig._n 4._o *_o the_o extension_n of_o the_o palate_n be_v from_o the_o backepart_n of_o the_o mouth_n to_o the_o tooth_n and_o be_v hollow_a like_o a_o arch_n but_o the_o roof_n be_v not_o too_o high_a hence_o we_o call_v it_o common_o the_o roof_n of_o the_o mouth_n but_o those_o who_o head_n be_v acuminate_v or_o like_o a_o sugar_n lose_v have_v high_a roof_n or_o palate_n as_o hippocrates_n observe_v in_o the_o first_o section_n of_o the_o six_o book_n epidemion_n this_o be_v the_o sole_n or_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n establish_v by_o the_o wedge_n bone_n which_o therefore_o galen_n call_v the_o bone_n of_o the_o palate_n though_o say_v he_o in_o his_o nineteenth_o chapter_n of_o his_o eleven_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la it_o scarce_o touch_v the_o palate_n it_o be_v make_v partly_o of_o bony_a substance_n and_o partly_o of_o fleshy_a the_o bone_n be_v hard_a and_o fast_o lest_o frame_v whereof_o frame_v it_o shall_v rot_v by_o the_o confluence_n of_o excrement_n unto_o it_o as_o we_o see_v it_o do_v in_o the_o french_a disease_n this_o bone_n be_v double_a on_o both_o side_n for_o it_o be_v compound_v of_o the_o four_o bone_n of_o the_o upper_a jaw_n into_o which_o the_o tooth_n be_v fasten_v and_o the_o six_o bone_n which_o make_v the_o backward_a it_o the_o bone_n of_o it_o amplitude_n thereof_o it_o be_v also_o divide_v in_o the_o midst_n by_o a_o suture_a in_o the_o end_n whereof_o be_v two_o hole_n through_o which_o the_o brain_n be_v purge_v into_o the_o mouth_n and_o so_o there_o become_v a_o great_a society_n between_o the_o nostril_n and_o the_o palate_n through_o thâ—se_a hole_n when_o we_o hold_v our_o mouth_n close_o we_o may_v exspire_v and_o inspire_v breath_n in_o and_o out_o and_o when_o the_o way_n of_o the_o it_o the_o hole_n of_o it_o nostril_n be_v obstruct_v the_o excrement_n gather_v together_o in_o the_o ventricle_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v this_o way_n derive_v into_o the_o mouth_n but_o the_o backward_o half_a of_o the_o palate_n whiâ—_n end_v into_o the_o fauces_fw-la or_o chap_n &_o be_v stretch_v out_o from_o one_o side_n to_o another_o consist_v of_o a_o thick_a and_o glandulous_a flesh_n it_o be_v invest_v with_o a_o thick_a coat_n arise_v out_o of_o the_o dura_fw-la mater_fw-la which_o have_v get_v palate_n the_o coat_n of_o the_o palate_n out_o of_o the_o skull_n be_v enlarge_v become_v thick_a and_z compass_v the_o whole_a mouth_n and_o palate_n or_o the_o inside_n yea_o it_o be_v common_a also_o with_o the_o gullet_n and_o the_o stomach_n hence_o come_v the_o great_a consent_n between_o the_o palate_n and_o stomach_n for_o it_o be_v fit_a that_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o palate_n shall_v have_v the_o sense_n of_o taste_v that_o it_o may_v take_v the_o assay_n unto_o the_o stomach_n wherefore_o the_o sense_n of_o it_o be_v more_o exquisite_a as_o receive_v it_o into_o his_o back_n part_n certain_a small_a nerve_n of_o the_o four_o conjugation_n which_o conjugation_n be_v also_o distribute_v unto_o the_o palate_n this_o be_v also_o the_o cause_n why_o we_o can_v evacuate_v the_o head_n with_o masticatorie_a medidicine_n but_o the_o stomach_n also_o will_v be_v evacuate_v by_o the_o palate_n now_o the_o head_n be_v evacuate_v by_o the_o palate_n because_o from_o the_o head_n certain_a hairy_a thread_n of_o vein_n do_v descend_v unto_o the_o palate_n this_o coat_n of_o the_o palate_n in_o some_o place_n be_v rugous_a and_o rugged_a which_o pliny_n call_v crenas_n that_o the_o meat_n may_v be_v better_o mitigate_v it_o be_v also_o hollow_a or_o concavous_a that_o hollow_a pliny_n why_o it_o be_v hollow_a the_o voice_n may_v be_v better_o form_v when_o the_o air_n be_v reverberate_v in_o this_o concavity_n also_o as_o in_o a_o bosom_n the_o air_n we_o draw_v in_o be_v warm_v that_o it_o shall_v not_o descend_v cold_a unto_o the_o vital_a part_n to_o offend_v they_o the_o vuula_n have_v many_o name_n it_o be_v call_v gargareon_o or_o gargulio_fw-it by_o hippoc._n by_o aristotle_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d vuula_n the_o name_n of_o the_o vuula_n but_o the_o proper_a name_n be_v gargareon_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v vuula_n be_v the_o name_n of_o it_o when_o it_o be_v ill_o affect_v the_o name_n gargareon_o be_v a_o make_v word_n of_o the_o sound_n we_o make_v when_o we_o gargoyle_n or_o else_o from_o gargle_n which_o we_o use_v in_o the_o disease_n of_o this_o part_n it_o be_v call_v also_o columella_n &_o plectrum_fw-la it_o be_v a_o particle_n of_o the_o mouth_n or_o a_o certain_a pocesse_n say_v ruffus_n hang_v direct_o downward_o from_o the_o inward_a part_n of_o the_o palate_n tab._n 13._o fig._n 4._o e._n near_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o nostril_n which_o look_v into_o the_o backepart_n of_o the_o mouth_n into_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o mouth_n between_o the_o almond_n f_o f_o above_o the_o slit_n of_o the_o larynx_n or_o throttle_v e_o as_o will_v easy_o appear_v if_o a_o man_n open_v his_o mouth_n wide_a and_o press_v his_o tongue_n downward_o the_o substance_n of_o it_o be_v glandulous_a red_a and_o fungous_a hang_v down_o from_o the_o midst_n substance_n the_o substance_n of_o the_o glandulous_a part_n of_o the_o palate_n some_o think_v it_o be_v make_v of_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o palate_n reduplicate_v at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o mouth_n and_o a_o little_a elongate_v this_o be_v columbus_n his_o conceit_n if_o it_o be_v disease_v by_o a_o fall_n of_o humour_n it_o be_v no_o more_o call_v gargereon_o but_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d give_v the_o name_n as_o they_o be_v proper_o give_v for_o if_o it_o grow_v equal_o thick_a from_o the_o basis_n to_o the_o end_n and_o fall_v low_a become_v red_a than_o it_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v a_o pillar_n but_o if_o the_o upper_a part_n be_v slender_a &_o the_o low_a part_n grow_v round_o and_o livid_a or_o blackish_a then_o be_v it_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o the_o vuula_n because_o it_o be_v like_o a_o grape_n both_o in_o colour_n and_o in_o magnitude_n the_o stalk_n be_v the_o upper_a part_n it_o be_v call_v also_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d
because_o of_o the_o softness_n and_o looseness_n of_o their_o tongue_n and_o the_o muscle_n thereof_o till_o when_o their_o heat_n by_o their_o age_n increase_a the_o over_o abundant_a moisture_n be_v consume_v the_o tongue_n also_o sometime_o be_v too_o short_a when_o the_o bridle_n thereof_o be_v not_o enough_o cut_v so_o than_o it_o be_v hinder_v that_o it_o can_v apply_v itself_o on_o every_o side_n to_o the_o mouth_n or_o because_o the_o muscle_n be_v little_o it_o be_v move_v too_o swift_o and_o so_o implicate_v or_o double_v the_o speech_n and_o make_v the_o word_n come_v huddle_v together_o it_o be_v tie_v to_o the_o larynx_n to_o the_o bone_n hyois_fw-fr upon_o which_o the_o root_n thereof_o rest_v as_o upon_o tongue_n the_o connexion_n of_o the_o tongue_n a_o basis_n and_o by_o which_o it_o be_v support_v to_o the_o chop_n also_o and_o on_o both_o side_n to_o the_o almond_n below_o it_o be_v fasten_v with_o a_o ligament_n the_o tongue_n be_v compound_v of_o a_o proper_a flesh_n a_o coat_n nerve_n vein_n artery_n muscle_n ligament_n whereof_o compound_v the_o ligament_n and_o a_o ligament_n the_o ligament_n be_v table_n 14._o fig._n 3._o two_o very_o strong_a membranous_a and_o broad_a and_o be_v under_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o body_n thereof_o table_n 14._o figure_n 1._o and_o 2._o show_v the_o tongue_n cut_v from_o the_o body_n and_o the_o muscle_n thereof_o in_o the_o first_o the_o right_a side_n of_o it_o &_o in_o the_o second_o his_o muscle_n somewhat_o uncover_v figure_n 3._o stew_v the_o body_n of_o the_o tongue_n divide_v according_a to_o the_o length_n of_o it_o and_o his_o ligament_n tabula_fw-la xiiii_o fig_n i._o fig_n ii_o fig_n iii_o tab._n 14._o figure_n 1._o show_v the_o larynx_n have_v the_o shield_n gristle_n cut_v into_o two_o part_n but_o one_o part_n of_o it_o together_o with_o the_o epiglottis_fw-la be_v invert_v as_o by_o the_o letter_n may_v be_v perceive_v figure_n 2._o exhibit_v the_o larynx_n show_v the_o glottis_fw-la fig_n i._o fig_n ii_o the_o second_o figure_n it_o be_v invest_v with_o a_o coat_n common_a to_o it_o with_o the_o mouth_n the_o pallate_n the_o gullet_n and_o tongue_n the_o coat_n of_o the_o tongue_n the_o larynx_n tab._n 14._o fig._n 1._o aa_n bb._n c_o least_o the_o lax_n and_o rare_a substance_n thereof_o shall_v part_v asunder_o this_o coat_n be_v all_o very_a fine_a and_o thin_a that_o the_o sapour_n may_v more_o easy_o pierce_v through_o it_o into_o the_o pulp_n and_o substance_n of_o the_o tongue_n into_o which_o coat_n as_o also_o into_o the_o flesh_n certain_a nerve_n of_o exquisite_a sense_n be_v disseminated_a the_o substance_n of_o it_o be_v soft_a loose_a rare_a and_o like_a a_o sponge_n that_o it_o may_v be_v the_o soon_o moisten_v with_o the_o humour_n which_o carry_v the_o sapor_n in_o it_o and_o so_o fit_a to_o discern_v of_o the_o diversity_n of_o taste_n for_o of_o they_o it_o be_v the_o competent_a judge_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o in_o disease_n tongue_n the_o substance_n of_o the_o tongue_n it_o be_v diverse_o affect_v for_o as_o the_o humour_n be_v that_o it_o imbibe_v so_o be_v the_o sense_n of_o taste_v deprave_a as_o we_o may_v see_v in_o those_o that_o be_v sick_a of_o the_o yellow_a jaundice_n or_o of_o ague_n the_o flesh_n therefore_o of_o the_o tongue_n be_v proper_a and_o peculiar_a to_o the_o tongue_n there_o be_v none_o such_o in_o the_o whole_a body_n towards_o the_o basis_n it_o come_v near_a to_o a_o glandulous_a substance_n then_o to_o a_o musculous_a because_o it_o be_v much_o soft_a and_o loose_a yet_o have_v it_o all_o manner_n of_o fibre_n but_o those_o so_o intertex_v and_o weave_v together_o that_o they_o can_v be_v separate_v one_o from_o another_o which_o may_v be_v do_v in_o muscle_n again_o the_o fibre_n run_v through_o the_o length_n of_o the_o muscle_n which_o be_v not_o so_o in_o the_o musculous_a that_o it_o be_v not_o musculous_a tongue_n for_o it_o have_v no_o ligamentall_a fibres_n to_o strengthen_v it_o as_o muscle_n have_v unless_o it_o be_v a_o middle_a one_o which_o run_v under_o the_o tongue_n final_o no_o nerve_n from_o the_o brain_n that_o shall_v give_v it_o the_o power_n of_o motion_n do_v run_v through_o the_o substance_n thereof_o wherefore_o it_o can_v be_v call_v musculous_a although_o i_o know_v some_o man_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v make_v of_o two_o muscle_n arise_v out_o of_o the_o bone_n hyois_fw-fr and_o determine_v in_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o tongue_n sever_v by_o a_o white_a line_n some_o say_v also_o there_o be_v two_o other_o muscle_n of_o which_o the_o pulp_n of_o the_o tongue_n be_v compound_v but_o if_o it_o be_v make_v of_o muscle_n it_o shall_v only_o move_v not_o taste_v for_o what_o muscle_n do_v taste_v we_o resolve_v therefore_o that_o the_o flesh_n of_o it_o be_v not_o musculous_a at_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tongue_n beside_o the_o muscle_n insert_v thereinto_o there_o adher_v a_o root_n the_o fat_a at_o the_o root_n great_a quantity_n of_o hard_a fat_a the_o tongue_n receive_v two_o kind_n of_o nerve_n one_o soft_a which_o carry_v sense_n unto_o it_o from_o the_o three_o and_o four_o coniugation_n yet_o so_o that_o one_o branch_n be_v disseminated_a into_o the_o coat_n that_o invest_v the_o tongue_n to_o be_v a_o instrument_n of_o touch_v for_o the_o tongue_n be_v apprehensive_a kind_n the_o nerve_n of_o two_o kind_n of_o all_o the_o tactile_a quality_n as_o cold_a heat_n and_o such_o like_a the_o other_o nerve_n be_v sprinkle_v into_o the_o flesh_n of_o the_o tongue_n which_o be_v the_o instrument_n or_o organ_n of_o taste_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v the_o tongue_n be_v make_v apprehensive_a of_o sapour_n the_o other_o kind_n of_o nerve_n be_v hard_a that_o be_v nerve_n of_o motion_n to_o wit_n the_o seven_o conjugation_n which_o with_o many_o surcle_n be_v disseminated_a into_o his_o muscle_n that_o the_o tongue_n caution_n a_o caution_n may_v be_v move_v with_o voluntary_a motion_n and_o because_o this_o nerve_n be_v place_v in_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o tongue_n the_o chirurgeon_n or_o midwife_n must_v be_v very_o careful_a lest_o when_o they_o cut_v the_o ligament_n they_o do_v not_o also_o cut_v the_o nerve_n it_o have_v also_o two_o notable_a vein_n call_v raninae_n not_o because_o they_o be_v like_o frog_n but_o because_o they_o be_v of_o the_o colour_n of_o a_o frog_n they_o issue_v out_o of_o the_o inward_a branch_n of_o the_o external_a jugular_a vein_n and_o run_v under_o the_o tongue_n as_o it_o will_v appear_v unto_o any_o vein_n the_o vein_n man_n that_o lift_v it_o up_o these_o vein_n in_o the_o disease_n of_o the_o mouth_n the_o heat_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d the_o squinsie_n and_o such_o like_a be_v open_v for_o derivation_n after_o the_o blood_n be_v evacuate_v and_o revel_v by_o the_o open_n of_o the_o humerarie_a vein_n of_o the_o arme._n it_o have_v also_o two_o large_a artery_n on_o either_o side_n one_o from_o the_o sleepy_a artery_n which_o accompany_v the_o vein_n these_o be_v allow_v to_o the_o tongue_n to_o maintain_v the_o life_n of_o it_o as_o the_o artery_n the_o artery_n vein_n be_v to_o supply_v it_o with_o nourishment_n the_o body_n of_o the_o tongue_n although_o it_o be_v continual_a not_o divide_v by_o any_o partition_n whereby_o it_o become_v fit_a to_o taste_v with_o to_o break_v the_o meat_n and_o to_o articulate_v the_o voice_n yet_o it_o be_v divide_v or_o rather_o score_v through_o the_o midst_n with_o a_o white_a line_n which_o it_o the_o body_n of_o it_o hypocrates_n in_o coacis_n first_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v the_o median_a which_o line_n run_v through_o the_o very_a midst_n of_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o tongue_n divide_v it_o into_o a_o right_a side_n and_o a_o left_a yet_o not_o as_o it_o be_v in_o lizardes_n who_o tongue_n be_v fork_v so_o that_o the_o tongue_n as_o all_o other_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o sense_n be_v double_a and_o therefore_o galen_n call_v it_o a_o double_a member_n the_o use_v of_o the_o tongue_n although_o it_o be_v but_o a_o little_a member_n yet_o it_o be_v of_o great_a use_n because_o it_o express_v all_o the_o conceit_n of_o the_o mind_n wherefore_o our_o wise_a creator_n have_v defend_v tongue_n the_o use_n of_o the_o tongue_n it_o with_o many_o tooth_n with_o lip_n and_o restrain_v it_o with_o a_o bridle_n that_o be_v so_o careful_o attend_v it_o may_v not_o run_v before_o the_o mind_n which_o first_o ought_v to_o consult_v and_o deliberate_v before_o the_o tongue_n pronounce_v any_o thing_n the_o use_n therefore_o of_o the_o tongue_n be_v either_o primary_n or_o secondary_a the_o primarie_a use_n be_v that_o it_o may_v be_v a_o convenient_a and_o fit_a organ_n or_o instrument_n both_o of_o the_o sense_n of_o taste_v &_o taste_v
be_v move_v for_o if_o it_o be_v dry_v it_o will_v not_o move_v so_o ready_o as_o we_o may_v see_v in_o those_o that_o be_v very_o dry_a &_o in_o hot_a burn_a ague_n when_o the_o humour_n or_o moisture_n of_o the_o tongue_n be_v exhaust_v beside_o the_o glandule_n the_o almond_n also_o of_o the_o throat_n as_o we_o remember_v before_o do_v continual_o moisten_v the_o tongue_n and_o help_v his_o motion_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o tongue_n chap._n xxxiii_o of_o the_o sense_n of_o taste_v we_o say_v before_o that_o there_o be_v three_o thing_n require_v in_o every_o sense_n the_o instrument_n the_o medium_fw-la and_o the_o object_n which_o three_o we_o will_v show_v in_o this_o four_o sense_n of_o taste_v as_o far_o as_o we_o can_v gather_v out_o of_o anatomy_n the_o physician_n follow_v galen_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr instrumento_fw-la odoratus_fw-la and_o in_o taste_v the_o instrument_n of_o taste_v the_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o 7._o book_n de_fw-la placitis_fw-la do_v determine_v that_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o taste_n be_v the_o tongue_n and_o that_o it_o be_v affect_v to_o sapour_n as_o the_o eye_n be_v to_o colour_n but_o as_o in_o the_o eye_n there_o be_v one_o particle_n which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o most_o principal_a instrument_n of_o see_v the_o other_o but_o assistant_n so_o in_o the_o tongue_n there_o be_v one_o similar_v part_n which_o be_v the_o most_o principal_a instrument_n of_o taste_v and_o that_o be_v the_o rare_a and_o lax_n substance_n thereof_o which_o be_v therefore_o rare_a &_o spungy_a that_o it_o may_v be_v better_o steep_v with_o the_o moisture_n wherein_o the_o sapour_n be_v convey_v the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o tongue_n be_v but_o helper_n and_o handmaid_n all_o contribute_v unto_o the_o principal_a part_n this_o substance_n call_v it_o flesh_n or_o pulp_v or_o what_o you_o will_v particle_n the_o principal_a particle_n because_o it_o be_v make_v to_o receive_v all_o sapour_n be_v to_o be_v devoyde_a of_o all_o sapor_n that_o be_v insipe_v or_o have_v no_o taste_n at_o all_o as_o we_o usual_o speak_v and_o that_o it_o be_v so_o any_o man_n may_v perceive_v if_o he_o eat_v of_o the_o tongue_n of_o any_o beast_n boil_a fresh_a and_o without_o any_o sauce_n the_o matter_n wherein_o the_o form_n of_o sapour_n do_v consist_v which_o we_o call_v natura_fw-la subiecta_fw-la consist_v the_o matter_n in_o which_o taste_n do_v consist_v be_v moist_a for_o without_o moisture_n say_v the_o philosopher_n in_o the_o 10._o chapter_n of_o his_o 2._o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la nothing_o can_v make_v a_o impression_n of_o a_o sapot_n and_o every_o thing_n that_o make_v this_o kind_n of_o sensation_n or_o move_v this_o sense_n have_v humidity_n in_o it_o either_o actu_fw-la or_o potentia_fw-la that_o be_v either_o actual_o and_o real_o or_o in_o possibility_n and_o by_o how_o much_o a_o thing_n be_v the_o moist_a by_o so_o much_o be_v it_o the_o more_o savoury_a because_o all_o thing_n when_o they_o be_v moist_a do_v make_v a_o better_a impression_n of_o their_o savour_n then_o when_o they_o be_v hard_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v hard_a as_o pepper_n and_o such_o like_a do_v not_o make_v show_n of_o the_o gustile_a quality_n unless_o their_o upper_a &_o superficial_a part_n do_v give_v or_o melt_v or_o be_v moisten_v the_o sweetness_n of_o sugar_n we_o taste_v better_o when_o it_o be_v melt_v and_o a_o corn_n of_o salt_n will_v strike_v the_o sense_n much_o more_o after_o it_o be_v dissolve_v then_o before_o a_o infusion_n of_o rheubarbe_n be_v much_o bitter_a than_o a_o piece_n rheubarbe_n hold_v in_o a_o man_n mouth_n see_v then_o that_o sapour_n be_v not_o perceive_v but_o as_o they_o communicate_v their_o quality_n to_o moist_a substance_n it_o follow_v that_o the_o instrument_n of_o this_o sense_n must_v neither_o be_v actual_o moist_a neither_o yet_o of_o such_o a_o substance_n as_o can_v be_v moisten_a but_o it_o must_v be_v potential_o moist_a and_o actual_o moisten_a yet_o so_o that_o when_o it_o be_v moisten_a the_o nature_n of_o it_o must_v be_v preserve_v hence_o it_o be_v that_o when_o the_o tongue_n be_v either_o too_o dry_a or_o too_o moist_a it_o do_v not_o taste_v well_o for_o example_n if_o a_o man_n taste_v of_o any_o sharp_a or_o vehement_a thing_n as_o pepper_n and_o then_o present_o bitter_a why_o sick_a follâ—_n think_v all_o thing_n bitter_a taste_v of_o a_o other_o thing_n he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o judge_v well_o of_o the_o latter_a the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o tongue_n be_v already_o possess_v and_o forestale_v or_o take_v up_o with_o the_o former_a sharp_a humour_n so_o likewise_o we_o see_v that_o those_o that_o be_v sick_a think_v all_o thing_n bitter_a the_o reason_n be_v because_o their_o tongue_n be_v moisten_a with_o a_o bitter_a ivice_n the_o tongue_n therefore_o be_v make_v of_o a_o earthy_a and_o dry_a substance_n for_o albeit_o because_o of_o the_o softness_n it_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v moist_a yet_o this_o moisture_n be_v not_o innate_a but_o a_o acquire_v moisture_n distil_v perpetual_o out_o of_o the_o brain_n which_o insinuate_v itself_o into_o the_o tongue_n as_o water_n do_v into_o a_o sponge_n that_o this_o be_v so_o it_o be_v evident_a for_o if_o the_o distilation_n out_o of_o the_o head_n be_v stay_v the_o tongue_n be_v present_o exiccate_v yea_o so_o parch_v by_o hot_a vapour_n elevate_v from_o the_o liver_n the_o stomach_n and_o the_o lung_n that_o it_o become_v rough_a yea_o in_o ague_n it_o cleave_v or_o chop_v and_o the_o mark_n or_o scar_n of_o those_o fissure_v remain_v many_o year_n to_o be_v see_v which_o thing_n say_v bauhine_v i_o have_v experience_n of_o in_o myself_o for_o 17._o year_n since_o i_o have_v a_o ague_n and_o my_o tongue_n cleave_v or_o chap_v in_o the_o midst_n and_o yet_o the_o mark_n of_o it_o be_v galen_n bauhine_v of_o himself_o galen_n manifest_o to_o be_v see_v galen_n therefore_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr odoratus_fw-la organo_fw-la and_o in_o the_o sixth_o chapter_n of_o his_o seven_o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la have_v true_o teach_v we_o that_o the_o instrument_n of_o taste_v be_v make_v of_o a_o moist_a substance_n where_o he_o intend_v to_o diliver_v the_o quality_n of_o the_o instrument_n which_o be_v most_o appropriate_a to_o the_o particular_a sense_n for_o if_o the_o tongue_n be_v too_o much_o exiccate_v the_o perceivance_n or_o knowledge_n of_o sapour_n must_v needs_o perish_v and_o therefore_o nature_n set_v the_o almond_n near_o the_o tongue_n lest_o the_o air_n that_o be_v continual_o draw_v and_o let_v out_o by_o inspiration_n and_o expiration_n shall_v dry_v it_o too_o much_o and_o so_o much_o of_o the_o instrument_n taste_n the_o medium_fw-la of_o the_o taste_n the_o medium_fw-la of_o this_o sense_n we_o take_v to_o be_v the_o coat_n of_o the_o tongue_n as_o the_o cuticle_n or_o scarfe-skinne_n be_v the_o medium_n of_o the_o touch._n for_o say_v the_o philosopher_n in_o the_o 114._o text_n of_o the_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la all_o thing_n that_o apprehend_v by_o any_o sensation_n we_o apprehend_v by_o a_o medium_fw-la there_o be_v no_o sensation_n make_v by_o the_o immediate_a contaction_n of_o the_o instrument_n and_o the_o object_n although_o afterward_o in_o the_o 10._o chapter_n of_o the_o same_o book_n not_o so_o well_o advise_v he_o deny_v that_o either_o the_o taste_n or_o the_o touch_n have_v any_o medium_fw-la to_o which_o place_n we_o refer_v he_o that_o be_v desirous_a to_o know_v his_o reason_n the_o object_n of_o the_o taste_n be_v all_o thing_n that_o have_v any_o sapour_fw-la or_o gustable_a quality_n in_o object_n the_o object_n they_o but_o the_o quality_n of_o gustable_a thing_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n some_o proper_o belong_v to_o the_o sense_n of_o taste_v as_o sapour_n for_o as_o the_o object_n of_o the_o sight_n be_v colour_n so_o the_o object_n of_o the_o taste_n be_v sapor_n yet_o nothing_o that_o be_v without_o moisture_n exhibit_v any_o sapor_n to_o the_o sense_n other_o be_v common_a to_o all_o the_o sense_n as_o the_o magnitude_n of_o that_o which_o be_v gustable_a the_o number_n the_o situation_n etc._n etc._n wherefore_o we_o say_v that_o the_o tongue_n do_v taste_v the_o sapor_n of_o wine_n not_o the_o wine_n yet_o from_o this_o sapour_fw-la the_o soul_n gather_v that_o it_o be_v wine_n which_o we_o taste_v for_o wine_n as_o it_o be_v wine_n and_o sugar_n as_o it_o be_v sugar_n be_v not_o the_o object_n of_o the_o faculty_n of_o gustation_n but_o as_o they_o be_v endow_v with_o sapour_n or_o gustable_a quality_n the_o soul_n indeed_o by_o discourse_n of_o reason_n distinguish_v between_o a_o sharp_a taste_n and_o a_o bitter_a but_o it_o be_v by_o the_o mediation_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o taste_v when_o the_o sensible_a quality_n of_o
themselves_o yet_o their_o organ_n be_v obscure_a and_o hide_a other_o be_v clear_a and_o manifest_a both_o of_o themselves_o and_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o organ_n other_o be_v obscure_a both_o in_o themselves_o and_o in_o their_o organ_n i_o call_v that_o action_n manifest_a of_o itself_o itself_o what_o action_n be_v manifest_a of_o itself_o and_o obscure_v of_o itself_o which_o be_v sensible_a and_o may_v be_v judge_v of_o by_o the_o sense_n and_o that_o obscure_a of_o itself_o which_o do_v not_o appear_v but_o from_o those_o work_n which_o proceed_v from_o it_o i_o call_v also_o that_o manifest_a by_o the_o mean_n of_o his_o organ_n who_o organ_n do_v present_o appear_v &_o in_o this_o without_o all_o doubt_n do_v all_o consent_n but_o i_o account_v that_o obscure_a in_o regard_n of_o his_o organ_n when_o the_o action_n do_v appear_v yet_o the_o organ_n do_v not_o present_o be_v wray_v itself_o without_o much_o study_n &_o discorse_v of_o the_o mind_n which_o be_v hold_v of_o some_o only_o for_o probable_a where_o about_o many_o do_v dissent_v those_o which_o be_v manifest_a both_o in_o themselves_o &_o by_o their_o organ_n be_v these_o vociferation_n pulsation_n respiration_n the_o local_a motion_n of_o the_o part_n expulsion_n of_o excrement_n the_o expulsion_n of_o urine_n the_o emission_n of_o the_o seed_n etc._n etc._n in_o respect_n of_o both_o with_o galen_n in_o the_o 8._o &_o 16._o chap._n of_o his_o 1._o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la be_v the_o apprehension_n of_o the_o hand_n the_o walk_n of_o thou_o foot_n chew_v vision_n hear_v etc._n etc._n final_o these_o be_v esteem_v obscure_a in_o respect_n of_o both_o the_o transmission_n of_o the_o blood_n the_o carrying_z and_o recarryinge_v of_o the_o spirit_n the_o generation_n of_o animal_n spirit_n he_o preduction_n of_o vital_a the_o suck_a of_o urine_n out_o of_o blood_n chylification_n sanguification_n and_o the_o generation_n of_o seed_n qvest._n v._o that_o sense_n be_v not_o apure_a passion_n ee_v therefore_o that_o unto_o a_o action_n there_o do_v necessary_o concur_v a_o agent_n and_o a_o patient_a the_o agent_n for_o to_o work_v and_o the_o patient_a to_o be_v a_o fit_a subject_n for_o the_o agent_n and_o to_o receive_v the_o action_n it_o may_v now_o be_v demand_v whether_o the_o action_n proceed_v from_o the_o organ_n unto_o the_o sensible_a object_n or_o from_o the_o sense_n whether_o the_o object_n or_o the_o organ_n do_v work_n in_o the_o sense_n object_n unto_o the_o organ_n and_o whether_o this_o be_v to_o be_v account_v a_o agent_n the_o other_o a_o patient_a or_o on_o the_o contrary_n concern_v this_o point_n there_o be_v diverse_a opinion_n of_o author_n for_o some_o maintain_v sense_n to_o bepassive_a other_o active_a other_o both_o active_a &_o passive_a aristotle_n do_v contend_v for_o those_o which_o will_v have_v sense_n to_o be_v passive_a especial_o in_o the_o 118._o text_n of_o his_o 2._o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la wherein_o express_a term_n he_o affirm_v that_o to_o perceive_v be_v a_o kind_n of_o suffer_v &_o also_o call_v the_o object_n a_o agent_n again_o in_o the_o 51._o text_n of_o the_o same_o book_n he_o say_v that_o sensation_n happen_v in_o that_o which_o be_v move_v and_o suffer_v and_o he_o seem_v most_o suffer_v their_o reason_n which_o say_v sense_n do_v suffer_v exact_o to_o demonstrate_v it_o in_o the_o 12._o text_n of_o his_o 7._o book_n of_o physics_n say_v that_o the_o sense_n be_v alter_v for_o they_o suffer_v and_o their_o action_n be_v a_o motion_n througha_fw-mi body_n which_o suffer_v in_o the_o sensation_n so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v gather_v out_o of_o these_o place_n of_o aristotle_n that_o sense_n be_v make_v passive_o that_o be_v that_o the_o act_n of_o sensation_n be_v not_o make_v by_o the_o sense_n but_o by_o the_o sensible_a object_n and_o that_o the_o sense_n do_v nothing_o else_o but_o receive_v the_o species_n from_o the_o thing_n object_v and_o suffer_v from_o it_o but_o this_o opinion_n though_o it_o be_v approve_v of_o many_o and_o be_v hold_v for_o aristotle_n yet_o it_o be_v neither_o agreeable_a to_o aristotle_n nor_o to_o the_o truth_n that_o the_o place_n cite_v out_o of_o aristotle_n do_v not_o confirm_v this_o we_o will_v prove_v by_o and_o by_o when_o as_o by_o many_o reason_n we_o shall_v have_v demonstrate_v how_o far_o distant_a it_o be_v from_o the_o truth_n for_o first_o if_o the_o sense_n shall_v only_o concur_v passive_o unto_o sensation_n that_o be_v if_o sensation_n be_v only_o a_o reception_n of_o the_o sensible_a species_n than_o we_o must_v needs_o even_o when_o we_o be_v asleep_a hear_v smell_v &_o see_v see_v therefore_o that_o although_o reason_n that_o opinion_n disprove_v 1._o reason_n when_o we_o be_v a_o sleep_n some_o certain_a noise_n or_o sound_n be_v carry_v to_o our_o ear_n and_o some_o odour_n do_v strike_v the_o nostril_n and_o colour_n if_o so_o be_v we_o sleep_v with_o our_o eye_n open_a as_o some_o do_v be_v present_v to_o our_o eye_n yet_o we_o do_v not_o hear_v or_o smell_v or_o see_v it_o will_v follow_v necessary_o that_o something_o else_o must_v concur_v unto_o sensation_n beside_o a_o simple_a reception_n of_o the_o sensible_a species_n add_v further_o that_o though_o we_o receive_v a_o visible_a thing_n into_o our_o eye_n reason_n 2._o reason_n and_o a_o sound_n into_o our_o ear_n yet_o we_o neither_o see_v nor_o hear_v when_o we_o be_v intent_n another_o way_n or_o have_v our_o understanding_n exercise_v in_o great_a matter_n wherefore_o there_o must_v be_v some_o part_n of_o the_o mind_n present_a in_o sensation_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o we_o sometime_o seek_v a_o very_a small_a thing_n and_o yet_o see_v it_o not_o though_o we_o be_v very_o near_o it_o and_o though_o it_o be_v already_o receive_v into_o the_o eye_n sure_o this_o be_v a_o argument_n most_o evident_a that_o the_o mind_n must_v be_v apply_v to_o that_o thing_n which_o we_o will_v see_v and_o that_o something_o more_o be_v require_v to_o sense_n then_o the_o bare_a reception_n of_o the_o species_n for_o else_o a_o glass_n may_v also_o perceive_v in_o as_o much_o as_o it_o do_v receive_v the_o image_n moreover_o if_o only_o the_o reception_n of_o species_n be_v a_o sensation_n all_o action_n shall_v proceed_v from_o the_o sensible_a species_n &_o that_o species_n shall_v be_v so_o prompt_a unto_o action_n that_o it_o will_v work_v every_o where_n and_o upon_o every_o subject_n and_o so_o will_v make_v sense_n even_o as_o heat_n do_v make_v hot_a every_o where_n and_o every_o thing_n but_o this_o be_v impossible_a for_o who_o ever_o affirm_v that_o sense_n be_v make_v out_o of_o his_o proper_a organ_n sensation_n be_v not_o therefore_o a_o action_n only_o of_o the_o sensible_a species_n neither_o be_v it_o aristotle_n opinion_n for_o in_o the_o 37._o text_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la he_o teach_v the_o plain_a contrary_n arist_n think_v the_o contrary_n contrary_n and_o affirm_v manifest_o that_o the_o soul_n be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o sensation_n and_o therefore_o not_o the_o sensible_a thing_n and_o in_o the_o nine_o chapter_n of_o the_o ninthbooke_n of_o his_o metaph._n he_o prove_v that_o vision_n be_v a_o action_n of_o the_o sight_n and_o what_o can_v be_v more_o manifest_a than_o that_o which_o he_o express_v in_o the_o second_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr sensu_fw-la &_o sensili_fw-la where_n he_o reprove_v democritus_n for_o say_v that_o vision_n be_v a_o operation_n of_o the_o object_n and_o propound_v the_o conformity_n of_o the_o similitude_n which_o the_o sensible_a thing_n have_v with_o the_o organ_n he_o say_v the_o sensible_a thing_n cause_v the_o sense_n to_o work_v as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v the_o object_n do_v excite_v and_o provoke_v the_o sense_n unto_o action_n the_o point_n be_v as_o clear_a as_o the_o light_n but_o yet_o what_o shall_v we_o answer_v to_o those_o contrary_a place_n quote_v even_o now_o out_o of_o aristotle_n for_o it_o seem_v by_o they_o to_o be_v plain_o affirm_v that_o sense_n be_v passive_a but_o i_o defer_v the_o reconciliation_n of_o this_o contradiction_n till_o the_o seven_o question_n where_o you_o shall_v have_v also_o placentinus_n his_o resolution_n qvest._n vi_o that_o sense_n be_v not_o a_o simple_a action_n that_o sensation_n be_v not_o a_o mere_a passion_n be_v plain_a from_o that_o which_o have_v be_v say_v now_o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v whether_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v call_v a_o action_n sense_n passion_n be_v necessary_a to_o sense_n that_o be_v whether_o sense_n do_v perceive_v only_o by_o do_v or_o act_v and_o that_o set_v aside_o all_o digression_n i_o may_v come_v to_o the_o matter_n i_o say_v see_v every_o agent_n in_o do_v and_o act_v do_v also_o suffer_v again_o it_o follow_v necessary_o that_o the_o
sense_n do_v continualle_o suffer_v something_o from_o the_o sensible_a object_n for_o there_o be_v no_o man_n ignorant_a that_o to_o the_o effect_n of_o sensation_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o unlike_a the_o sense_n &_o the_o object_n be_v unlike_a sense_n be_v convert_v into_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o sensible_a thing_n but_o it_o can_v be_v convert_v but_o by_o alteration_n because_o thing_n of_o a_o unlike_a nature_n can_v be_v make_v of_o one_o nature_n except_o the_o one_o of_o they_o be_v change_v but_o the_o sense_n and_o object_n be_v of_o a_o unlike_a condition_n and_o this_o be_v it_o where-upon_a aristotle_n so_o oft_o beat_v that_o the_o sense_n be_v potential_o that_o which_o the_o sensible_a thing_n be_v actual_o and_o real_o and_o except_v the_o sense_n do_v pass_v into_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o organ_n sensation_n can_v be_v perform_v whence_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o sense_n the_o object_n must_v alter_v the_o sense_n sensible_a thing_n do_v alter_v the_o sense_n and_o turn_v it_o into_o it_o own_o nature_n and_o therefore_o aristotle_n often_o time_n call_v sense_n a_o alteration_n for_o so_o sense_n be_v make_v now_o if_o the_o sense_n be_v alter_v and_o change_v by_o the_o object_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o it_o must_v suffer_v because_o the_o sensible_a thing_n when_o it_o alter_v the_o sense_n work_v upon_o it_o hence_o it_o be_v more_o than_o manifest_a that_o sense_n be_v not_o perfect_v by_o a_o simple_a action_n qvest._n vii_o placentinus_n his_o opinion_n if_o therefore_o sense_n be_v perfect_v neither_o by_o action_n nor_o passion_n how_o shall_v we_o together_o sense_n be_v absolve_v by_o action_n and_o passion_n together_o say_v that_o it_o be_v perform_v i_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v absolve_v and_o perfect_v neither_o by_o action_n only_a nor_o by_o passion_n only_o but_o by_o both_o together_o that_o be_v both_o by_o action_n and_o passion_n that_o action_n be_v requisite_a unto_o sense_n be_v prove_v by_o the_o negative_a part_n before_o refute_v we_o will_v add_v some_o argument_n wherewith_o we_o be_v purpose_v reason_n that_o action_n be_v requisite_a reason_n for_o the_o present_a to_o confirm_v the_o affirmative_a and_o first_o if_o sense_n shall_v be_v make_v without_o act_v it_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o vegetative_a faculty_n shall_v be_v more_o noble_a than_o the_o sensative_a because_o that_o to_o do_v be_v more_o noble_a then_o to_o suffer_v but_o no_o man_n doubt_n that_o the_o faculty_n of_o the_o vegetative_a soul_n be_v active_a wherefore_o least_o we_o shall_v fall_v into_o a_o absurdity_n unheard_a of_o and_o monstrous_a we_o must_v grant_v that_o the_o faculty_n of_o the_o sensative_a soul_n be_v also_o active_a furthermore_o if_o the_o sense_n shall_v not_o work_v they_o be_v in_o vain_a give_v we_o by_o nature_n because_o the_o organ_n only_o will_v have_v suffice_v we_o for_o passion_n again_o if_o the_o sense_n be_v only_o passive_a neither_o can_v the_o sight_n see_v nor_o the_o hear_n hear_v nor_o the_o smell_n perform_v his_o own_o function_n neither_o be_v any_o such_o like_a predication_n true_a of_o the_o other_o sense_n because_o these_o predication_n do_v intimate_v that_o the_o sense_n do_v produce_v out_o of_o itself_o a_o act_n of_o sensation_n four_o sensation_n be_v a_o operation_n of_o life_n and_o therefore_o proceed_v from_o a_o internal_a and_o active_a original_n of_o motion_n for_o life_n be_v a_o internal_a motion_n be_v what_o life_n be_v perform_v by_o that_o which_o live_v unless_o therefore_o you_o grant_v that_o sensation_n be_v a_o action_n soul_n sense_n be_v a_o operation_n of_o the_o sensative_a soul_n it_o can_v be_v a_o operation_n of_o life_n last_o sensation_n be_v a_o second_o act_n and_o the_o sensative_a soul_n be_v a_o first_o act_n for_o to_o perceive_v be_v a_o operation_n of_o the_o sensative_a soul_n and_o therefore_o aristotle_n beside_o many_o other_o place_n affirm_v in_o the_o 7._o chapter_n and_o the_o 127._o text_n of_o the_o 2._o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la that_o to_o perceive_v be_v something_o more_o than_o the_o suffering_n of_o the_o sense_n whereby_o it_o be_v manifest_v that_o sense_n be_v a_o action_n how_o it_o be_v a_o passion_n have_v be_v before_o declare_v but_o it_o may_v here_o be_v doubt_v by_o what_o question_n question_n mean_v two_o agent_n can_v concur_v unto_o one_o act_n of_o sensation_n and_o this_o doubt_n be_v worthy_a the_o note_n for_o if_o the_o sensible_a species_n do_v make_v sensation_n and_o the_o sensative_a faculty_n do_v together_o therewith_o perfect_a the_o same_o action_n there_o must_v needs_o be_v two_o immediate_a effective_a or_o operative_a principle_n of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o action_n which_o be_v impossible_a because_o that_o sense_n witness_n aristotle_n in_o the_o 9_o chap._n of_o the_o 9_o book_n of_o his_o metaph_n be_v a_o issue_a action_n now_o a_o issue_v &_o simple_a action_n can_v proceed_v from_o two_o immediate_a agent_n real_o distinct_a again_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o a_o issue_a action_n shall_v proceed_v from_o solution_n sense_n be_v a_o immanent_a action_n solution_n a_o outward_a original_n but_o from_o that_o whereout_a it_o ought_v to_o arise_v and_o to_o be_v perfect_v for_o the_o enodation_n and_o resolution_n of_o these_o difficulty_n and_o the_o explication_n of_o a_o double_a truth_n we_o must_v know_v that_o sense_n be_v many_o way_n to_o be_v understand_v first_o as_o it_o be_v a_o reception_n of_o the_o species_n and_o so_o it_o be_v a_o passion_n for_o in_o that_o respect_n it_o suffer_v of_o the_o object_n and_o of_o this_o do_v aristotle_n understand_v that_o where_o he_o say_v that_o to_o perceive_v be_v a_o kind_n of_o passion_n or_o suffering_n second_o as_o it_o be_v a_o discern_a and_o know_v of_o the_o object_n by_o the_o species_n receive_v into_o the_o sense_n and_o so_o it_o be_v a_o action_n for_o so_o the_o faculty_n do_v work_v upon_o the_o species_n and_o so_o the_o sight_n do_v see_v and_o the_o hear_n hear_v and_o so_o of_o the_o rest_n and_o so_o be_v aristotle_n to_o be_v understand_v when_o he_o say_v that_o the_o sense_n be_v active_a three_o and_o last_o sense_n be_v take_v for_o both_o together_o to_o wit_n for_o a_o action_n and_o passion_n when_o as_o the_o whole_a sensation_n that_o be_v the_o perfect_a act_n of_o sense_n be_v understand_v for_o first_o unto_o the_o perfection_n of_o sensation_n there_o be_v need_n of_o passion_n or_o a_o alteration_n of_o the_o organ_n from_o whence_o afterward_o follow_v the_o action_n of_o the_o faculty_n which_o aristotle_n do_v excellent_o note_v where_o he_o say_v that_o sensation_n begin_v at_o the_o instrument_n and_o body_n and_o be_v determine_v in_o the_o soul_n as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v the_o alteration_n of_o the_o organ_n and_o the_o discern_a of_o the_o sensative_a soul_n sense_n begin_v in_o the_o body_n and_o end_n in_o the_o soul_n faculty_n do_v accomplish_v a_o perfect_a sensation_n the_o same_o also_o must_v we_o understand_v when_o he_o say_v that_o to_o perceive_v be_v a_o second_o act_n &_o the_o sensitive_a soul_n a_o first_o act_n because_o to_o perceive_v be_v the_o operation_n of_o the_o sensative_a soul_n thus_o therefore_o may_v the_o difficulty_n propound_v be_v easy_o resolve_v and_o so_o aristotle_n redeem_v from_o contradiction_n qvest._n viii_o how_o the_o faculty_n be_v wrought_v in_o the_o sense_n see_v that_o as_o galen_n in_o the_o 6._o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la witness_v alteration_n question_n sense_n be_v no_o alteration_n but_o a_o knowledge_n of_o the_o alteration_n sense_n be_v not_o a_o alteration_n but_o a_o discern_a or_o know_v of_o the_o alteration_n because_o the_o sensative_a faculty_n be_v not_o affect_v with_o the_o object_n but_o only_o the_o organ_n it_o may_v therefore_o here_o worthy_o be_v doubt_v how_o the_o faculty_n can_v attain_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o object_n see_v it_o suffer_v nothing_o from_o it_o neither_o do_v the_o object_n act_n before_o the_o faculty_n perceive_v for_o the_o action_n of_o the_o sensative_a faculty_n be_v a_o know_v and_o diiudication_n of_o the_o sensible_a thing_n but_o it_o seem_v not_o to_o be_v possible_a that_o the_o sensative_a faculty_n can_v come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o object_n except_o that_o either_o the_o faculty_n be_v some_o way_n affect_v by_o the_o object_n or_o the_o object_n by_o the_o faculty_n but_o neither_o of_o these_o can_v be_v for_o first_o the_o object_n can_v work_v upon_o the_o faculty_n because_o a_o incorporeal_a thing_n be_v not_o affect_v faculty_n the_o object_n can_v work_v upon_o the_o faculty_n by_o that_o which_o be_v corporeal_a but_o the_o faculty_n be_v incorporeal_a and_o the_o object_n corporeal_a beside_o the_o soul_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o passion_n and_o therefore_o neither_o be_v
they_o and_o last_o lest_o we_o shall_v too_o often_o fall_v into_o tautalogy_n or_o vain_a repetition_n and_o aristotle_n himself_o give_v a_o excellent_a reason_n of_o this_o his_o own_o position_n to_o wit_n because_o without_o the_o knowledge_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v more_o common_a the_o less_o common_a can_v be_v know_v now_o who_o will_v deny_v that_o the_o sense_n of_o touch_v be_v more_o common_a than_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o sense_n touch_n be_v the_o common_a sense_n sense_n who_o know_v not_o that_o this_o sense_n be_v common_a to_o all_o live_a creature_n yea_o it_o be_v so_o common_a in_o all_o that_o without_o it_o no_o sense_n can_v be_v perform_v in_o so_o much_o that_o the_o same_o aristotle_n confess_v that_o every_o sense_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o touch_v beside_o art_n be_v the_o ape_n or_o imitator_n of_o nature_n we_o therefore_o in_o the_o tradition_n of_o our_o art_n shall_v follow_v the_o order_n of_o nature_n in_o which_o order_n we_o must_v begin_v with_o those_o which_o be_v first_o not_o in_o intention_n first_o touch_n according_a to_o the_o order_n of_o nature_n be_v the_o first_o as_o the_o former_a sect_n affirm_v but_o in_o original_a and_o generation_n wherefore_o according_a to_o the_o order_n of_o nature_n touch_n seem_v to_o be_v put_v in_o the_o first_o place_n to_o these_o we_o may_v add_v that_o this_o sense_n be_v more_o know_v than_o the_o rest_n for_o a_o man_n have_v this_o sense_n more_o exquisite_a than_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n and_o it_o do_v of_o necessity_n follow_v that_o that_o sense_n which_o we_o enjoy_v most_o exquisite_o thereof_o we_o shall_v also_o have_v most_o certain_a knowledge_n qvest._n xvii_o the_o author_n own_o opinion_n though_o both_o these_o sect_n have_v some_o show_n of_o difference_n yet_o in_o my_o opinion_n they_o may_v be_v reconcile_v so_o that_o neither_o of_o both_o may_v seem_v any_o whit_n blame_v worthy_a in_o regard_n that_o they_o contend_v about_o a_o matter_n which_o be_v of_o no_o great_a moment_n their_o strife_n be_v not_o about_o demonstrative_a ground_n but_o because_o the_o school_n of_o physician_n have_v allege_v the_o more_o weighty_a argument_n i_o will_v more_o willing_o cast_v in_o my_o lot_n with_o they_o yet_o may_v any_o man_n draw_v a_o reconciliation_n between_o they_o from_o the_o diverse_a consideration_n of_o the_o order_n some_o follow_v the_o order_n of_o order_n a_o diverse_a consideration_n of_o order_n nature_n in_o their_o writing_n which_o order_n may_v be_v understand_v to_o be_v double_a to_o wit_n either_o the_o order_n of_o original_n or_o of_o intention_n that_o be_v either_o by_o what_o order_n nature_n do_v work_v or_o what_o end_n she_o present_v to_o herself_o in_o her_o work_n according_a to_o the_o former_a consideration_n the_o end_n be_v the_o last_o but_o according_a to_o the_o latter_a it_o be_v the_o first_o again_o some_o in_o their_o delivery_n of_o art_n follow_v that_o order_n whereby_o the_o art_n be_v more_o easy_o teach_v as_o for_o example_n some_o thing_n that_o come_v behind_o can_v be_v understand_v unless_o some_o other_o thing_n be_v praemise_v before_o other_o observe_v the_o order_n of_o dignity_n so_o that_o by_o this_o diversity_n of_o order_n be_v confer_v with_o that_o which_o we_o have_v say_v before_o it_o may_v easy_o be_v gather_v what_o we_o ought_v to_o conclude_v of_o either_o sect_n qvest._n xviii_o whether_o the_o sense_n do_v need_v a_o medium_fw-la or_o mean_a it_o seem_v to_o be_v no_o hard_a question_n to_o determine_v whether_o the_o sense_n need_v a_o medium_fw-la or_o mean_a because_o out_o of_o aristotle_n philosophy_n we_o have_v as_o it_o veer_v a_o oracle_n 1000_o time_n repeat_v that_o the_o object_n place_v upon_o the_o sense_n question_v a_o axiom_n question_v do_v make_v no_o sensation_n especial_o see_v hitherto_o it_o be_v receive_v for_o such_o a_o universal_a principle_n and_o ground_n that_o he_o which_o deny_v it_o deserve_v not_o to_o be_v confute_v but_o weigh_v this_o as_o all_o other_o theorme_n in_o the_o equal_a balance_n of_o reason_n i_o be_o bold_a to_o demand_v whether_o this_o position_n deserve_v the_o title_n of_o a_o principle_n as_o for_o aristotle_n he_o acknowledge_v it_o indeed_o for_o a_o principle_n and_o in_o many_o place_n resolve_v upon_o it_o for_o a_o infallible_a and_o undoubted_a axiom_n without_o add_v any_o reason_n thereto_o but_o whether_o herein_o he_o have_v well_o do_v and_o whether_o it_o be_v such_o a_o ground_n and_o principle_n or_o no_o it_o will_v appear_v by_o the_o due_a consideration_n of_o the_o condition_n require_v in_o a_o principle_n the_o first_o condition_n therefore_o of_o a_o principle_n be_v as_o it_o appear_v ex_fw-la posterioribus_fw-la analyticis_fw-la that_o it_o may_v be_v true_o affirm_v of_o every_o particular_a of_o the_o same_o kind_n and_o in_o my_o judgement_n say_v placentinus_n this_o axiom_n transgress_v this_o condition_n because_o it_o agree_v not_o to_o medium_fw-la touch_v and_o taste_v without_o medium_fw-la every_o sense_n to_o have_v a_o medium_fw-la for_o that_o taste_v and_o touch_v be_v absolve_v without_o but_o some_o may_v haply_o doubt_v how_o these_o two_o sense_n can_v be_v perform_v immediate_o and_o yet_o a_o medium_fw-la be_v require_v to_o the_o rest_n the_o answer_n be_v at_o hand_n because_o the_o organ_n of_o some_o sense_n be_v so_o sensible_a that_o they_o will_v easy_o be_v offend_v with_o the_o contaction_n of_o their_o object_n not_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o other_o be_v not_o so_o the_o sight_n will_v not_o admit_v of_o the_o touch_n of_o any_o thing_n and_o a_o vehement_a motion_n whereby_o the_o sound_n be_v generate_v will_v offend_v the_o organ_n of_o hear_v if_o it_o shall_v come_v immediate_o unto_o it_o again_o a_o fumid_a exhalation_n which_o fall_v in_o with_o the_o sense_n of_o smell_a will_v hinder_v respiration_n and_o except_o it_o be_v transport_v through_o a_o medium_fw-la or_o mean_a it_o will_v be_v offensive_a and_o hurtful_a to_o the_o organ_n last_o some_o sense_n do_v perceive_v their_o object_n not_o material_o but_o spiritual_o now_o sight_n some_o sense_n perceive_v material_o other_o spiritual_o as_o sight_n the_o species_n must_v be_v draw_v from_o the_o object_n through_o a_o medium_fw-la some_o also_o receive_v they_o material_o and_o those_o have_v never_o a_o medium_fw-la for_o a_o colour_n can_v real_o attain_v to_o the_o organ_n because_o a_o accident_n out_o of_o his_o subject_n be_v nothing_o whereupon_o it_o follow_v that_o not_o the_o colour_n place_v above_o the_o eye_n do_v offend_v it_o but_o the_o colour_a or_o subject_a of_o the_o colour_n but_o put_v case_n that_o colour_n can_v real_o without_o any_o damage_n be_v impose_v upon_o the_o eye_n eye_n not_o the_o colour_n but_o the_o colour_a offend_v the_o eye_n yet_o it_o will_v not_o move_v the_o sense_n because_o it_o will_v condense_a and_o thicken_v the_o eye_n for_o by_o this_o immediate_a contaction_n the_o colour_n do_v work_v upon_o the_o daphanum_n or_o that_o which_o be_v translucent_a the_o touch_v therefore_o and_o the_o taste_n have_v no_o need_n of_o a_o medium_fw-la because_o they_o do_v not_o receive_v intentional_a or_o abstract_a species_n but_o real_a quality_n for_o if_o they_o shall_v receive_v spiritual_a quality_n the_o taste_n and_o touch_v receive_v real_a quality_n form_n than_o they_o must_v discern_v of_o they_o a_o far_o off_o without_o the_o contaction_n of_o the_o object_n for_o the_o species_n be_v diffuse_v into_o a_o ample_a distance_n but_o the_o taste_n and_o the_o touch_n be_v not_o perfect_v without_o contaction_n we_o see_v moreover_o in_o these_o sense_n real_a affect_n of_o the_o object_n which_o can_v not_o be_v unless_o they_o shall_v be_v perceive_v real_o but_o these_o thing_n shall_v be_v more_o at_o large_a discuss_v in_o their_o proper_a place_n for_o a_o plain_a dilucidation_n of_o the_o truth_n we_o must_v observe_v that_o all_o sense_n have_v not_o alike_o need_v of_o a_o medium_fw-la but_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a order_n and_o degree_n of_o this_o necessity_n for_o the_o sight_n do_v especial_o need_v a_o medium_fw-la because_o it_o be_v most_o of_o all_o spiritual_a and_o there_o be_v no_o less_o the_o sight_n do_v especial_o need_v a_o medium_fw-la the_o hear_v less_o sensation_n at_o all_o of_o a_o real_a colour_n immediate_o place_v upon_o the_o eye_n a_o mean_a be_v also_o requisite_a to_o the_o hear_v yet_o it_o have_v less_o need_n thereof_o then_o the_o sight_n for_o a_o sound_n impose_v upon_o the_o hear_n make_v a_o kind_n of_o sensation_n but_o very_o imperfect_a namely_o such_o a_o one_o as_o be_v offensive_a to_o the_o organ_n the_o smell_n in_o like_a manner_n have_v use_v of_o a_o medium_fw-la if_o the_o smoky_a exhalation_n be_v vehement_a less_o the_o smell_a yet_o less_o for_o so_o
sensili_fw-la where_o he_o affirm_v that_o they_o be_v therefore_o call_v common_a object_n because_o they_o be_v common_a though_o not_o to_o all_o the_o sense_n yet_o at_o least_o to_o the_o sight_n and_o touch_v for_o by_o these_o two_o be_v all_o thing_n perceive_v though_o not_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o their_o proper_a object_n to_o wit_n by_o send_v a_o species_n from_o they_o or_o by_o attain_v real_o to_o the_o organ_n but_o as_o it_o sense_n when_o the_o common_a object_n move_v the_o sense_n be_v certain_a manner_n and_o condition_n join_v with_o the_o proper_a object_n in_o order_n unto_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sense_n so_o that_o they_o do_v not_o absolute_o and_o primary_o move_v and_o affect_v the_o sense_n but_o only_o together_o with_o their_o proper_a object_n and_o because_o the_o second_o do_v not_o work_v without_o the_o first_o therefore_o the_o common_a object_n be_v not_o perceive_v by_o the_o external_a sense_n without_o the_o proper_a and_o these_o common_a object_n be_v five_o in_o number_n according_a to_o aristotle_n motion_n rest_v figure_n magnitude_n and_o number_n qvest._n xxi_o of_o the_o organ_n of_o the_o sense_n the_o organ_n or_o instrument_n of_o the_o sense_n as_o aristotle_n witness_v in_o the_o 122._o text_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la be_v that_o wherein_o the_o power_n and_o force_v of_o perceive_v be_v what_o a_o organ_n be_v be_v seat_v and_o this_o instrument_n be_v the_o eye_n in_o the_o sight_n in_o the_o hear_n the_o ear_n in_o the_o smell_a the_o nostril_n in_o the_o taste_n the_o tongue_n and_o for_o the_o touch_n though_o all_o the_o skin_n yet_o especial_o that_o of_o the_o hand_n but_o yet_o the_o virtue_n or_o faculty_n of_o sensation_n do_v not_o reside_v in_o the_o whole_a organ_n but_o in_o some_o certain_a similar_v particle_n of_o which_o kind_n be_v the_o cristaline_a humour_n in_o the_o eye_n the_o nerve_n of_o hear_v dilate_v in_o the_o ear_n the_o mamillary_a process_n in_o the_o smell_n the_o proper_a flesh_n or_o pulp_n of_o the_o tongue_n in_o the_o taste_n and_o in_o the_o touch_v the_o true_a skin_n the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o organ_n assist_v this_o particle_n keep_v it_o as_o it_o be_v in_o tune_n or_o preserve_v the_o harmony_n thereof_o from_o the_o offence_n and_o incursion_n of_o outward_a injury_n for_o otherwise_o this_o sweet_a music_n consent_n and_o proportion_n will_v by_o the_o over-vehement_a force_n and_o change_v wrought_v by_o excessive_a object_n be_v destroy_v which_o concordance_n be_v break_v there_o can_v be_v no_o sensation_n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v suffice_v to_o be_v speak_v of_o the_o sense_n in_o general_a we_o will_v entreat_v more_o at_o large_a of_o the_o particular_a sense_n in_o their_o proper_a place_n where_o also_o we_o will_v note_v some_o thing_n concern_v their_o organ_n which_o will_v be_v worthy_a your_o observation_n and_o first_o of_o the_o sight_n according_a to_o the_o order_n we_o before_o observe_v in_o our_o anatomicall_a history_n qvest._n xxii_o whether_o sight_n be_v make_v by_o emission_n or_o reception_n where_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o sight_n be_v accurate_o explain_v our_o particular_a controversy_n concern_v the_o sight_n shall_v begin_v with_o that_o notable_a question_n concern_v the_o nature_n &_o manner_n of_o vision_n or_o sight_n which_o be_v indeed_o rather_o philosophical_a then_o belong_v to_o the_o art_n of_o anatomy_n notwithstanding_o because_o galen_n have_v elegant_o ventilate_v it_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la &_o de_fw-la placitis_fw-la hip._n et_fw-fr plat._n it_o shall_v not_o be_v altogether_o impertinent_a to_o insert_v some_o collection_n in_o this_o place_n which_o yet_o we_o must_v fetch_v out_o of_o the_o secret_a mystery_n of_o philosophy_n there_o be_v three_o especial_a or_o most_o notable_a opinion_n of_o the_o philosopher_n concern_v sight_n three_o different_a opinion_n concern_v the_o nature_n of_o sight_n the_o manner_n of_o sight_n some_o think_v it_o be_v make_v only_o by_o emission_n of_o something_o out_o of_o the_o eye_n other_o only_o by_o intromission_n or_o reception_n of_o something_o into_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o three_o sort_n contend_v that_o it_o be_v make_v partly_o by_o emission_n partly_o by_o reception_n or_o intromission_n of_o the_o first_o sect_n there_o be_v diverse_a author_n but_o all_o of_o they_o disagree_v among_o themselves_o the_o master_n of_o the_o optic_n think_v that_o certain_a beam_n do_v issue_n from_o the_o eye_n and_o reach_n unto_o that_o which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v the_o figure_n of_o which_o beam_n they_o conceive_v to_o be_v pyramidal_a pythagoras_n the_o first_o opinion_n of_o emission_n the_o master_n of_o the_o optic_a arts._n pythagoras_n the_o cone_n or_o point_n whereof_o be_v in_o the_o eye_n the_o basis_n in_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v see_v pythagoras_n thought_n that_o sight_n be_v make_v by_o a_o emission_n of_o light_n out_o of_o the_o eye_n unto_o the_o object_n which_o light_n be_v reflect_v again_o unto_o the_o eye_n even_o as_o a_o hand-bal_n strike_v against_o a_o wall_n do_v rebound_v back_o from_o the_o wall_n unto_o the_o hand_n with_o a_o equal_a force_n empedocles_n hypocrates_n and_o niceus_n think_v that_o sight_n be_v make_v not_o by_o emission_n of_o light_n empedocles_n empedocles_n only_o but_o of_o beam_n also_o plato_n think_v that_o the_o eye_n send_v not_o any_o beam_n forth_o of_o it_o but_o only_a light_n and_o that_o it_o also_o reach_v not_o unto_o the_o thing_n see_v but_o unto_o a_o certain_a or_o proportionable_a space_n of_o the_o medium_fw-la democritus_n lucipp_n and_o the_o arhenian_a epicurus_n conceive_v that_o certain_a image_n or_o form_n do_v flow_v from_o all_o thing_n through_o the_o mote_n which_o be_v in_o the_o air_n chrysippus_n and_o the_o whole_a school_n of_o the_o stoic_n think_v that_o a_o certain_a spirit_n chrysippus_n democritus_n chrysippus_n spirit_n ascend_v from_o the_o heart_n unto_o the_o apple_n of_o the_o eye_n which_o spirit_n be_v extend_v as_o far_o as_o the_o object_n and_o these_o be_v the_o different_a conceit_n of_o the_o author_n of_o the_o first_o opinion_n whereby_o it_o be_v suppose_v that_o some_o thing_n be_v send_v out_o of_o the_o eye_n unto_o the_o visible_a object_n which_o opinion_n the_o platonist_n confirm_v by_o these_o reason_n argument_n the_o platonist_n argument_n first_o they_o say_v that_o witch_n do_v falcinate_v or_o bewitch_v only_o by_o behold_v one_o with_o their_o eye_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o poet_n say_v nescio_fw-la quis_fw-la teneros_fw-la oculus_fw-la mihi_fw-la fascinat_fw-la agnos_fw-la i_o wot_v not_o well_o what_o witch_a eye_n my_o tender_a lamb_n have_v do_v to_o die_v second_o they_o say_v that_o a_o basilisk_n do_v infect_v a_o man_n only_o by_o see_v he_o three_o that_o a_o menstruous_a woman_n do_v infect_v a_o look_a glass_n as_o it_o be_v with_o some_o material_a corruption_n four_o that_o if_o a_o wolf_n behold_v a_o man_n he_o will_v become_v hoarse_a five_o that_o tiberius_n caesar_n be_v report_v to_o have_v astonish_v a_o soldier_n only_o by_o cast_v his_o eye_n upon_o he_o six_o that_o antipho_n as_o aristotle_n report_v in_o the_o three_o book_n of_o his_o meteor_n have_v his_o own_o image_n evermore_o before_o his_o eye_n seventh_o if_o we_o do_v not_o see_v by_o emission_n how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o when_o we_o will_v see_v more_o exact_o we_o draw_v the_o apple_n of_o our_o eye_n into_o as_o narrow_a a_o room_n as_o we_o can_v be_v it_o not_o to_o this_o end_n that_o the_o beam_n and_o spirit_n go_v out_o of_o our_o eye_n may_v be_v more_o unite_v eight_o if_o no_o thing_n be_v send_v forth_o of_o the_o eye_n how_o can_v the_o eye_n be_v so_o weary_a with_o continual_a look_v nine_o if_o vision_n be_v make_v by_o reception_n and_o not_o by_o emission_n we_o need_v not_o to_o convert_v our_o eye_n direct_o to_o the_o visible_a object_n for_o we_o shall_v see_v whether_o we_o behold_v the_o thing_n or_o no._n ten_o we_o can_v not_o see_v the_o magnitude_n or_o figure_n of_o many_o thing_n for_o the_o eye_n be_v so_o little_a a_o body_n can_v receive_v such_o great_a object_n into_o itself_o elevent_o if_o it_o be_v by_o reception_n then_o will_v it_o follow_v that_o the_o more_o we_o dilate_a the_o apple_n of_o our_o eye_n the_o better_a we_o shall_v see_v because_o our_o reception_n will_v be_v large_a twelft_o diverse_a or_o contrary_a species_n or_o form_n will_v together_o and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v receive_v into_o the_o same_o eye_n because_o at_o once_o it_o do_v behold_v two_o contrary_a object_n as_o black_a and_o white_a last_o the_o least_o thing_n shall_v be_v as_o easy_o perceive_v as_o the_o great_a the_o contrary_a whereof_o be_v manifest_a for_o the_o sharp_a point_n of_o a_o needle_n hold_v
understand_v of_o perfect_a vision_n but_o there_o be_v another_o more_o obscure_a question_n yet_o to_o be_v resolve_v namely_o whether_o that_o question_n question_n which_o be_v within_o the_o eye_n when_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v in_o the_o outward_a air_n be_v see_v by_o a_o proper_a species_n of_o it_o own_o or_o by_o a_o strange_a species_n i_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v by_o a_o strange_a species_n for_o the_o vapour_n which_o be_v contain_v betwixt_o the_o horny_a membrane_n and_o crystalline_a be_v not_o perceive_v in_o the_o shape_n and_o species_n of_o a_o vapour_n but_o solution_n solution_n under_o another_o shape_n contain_v in_o the_o air_n yet_o this_o strange_a species_n when_o it_o be_v receyve_v into_o the_o eye_n it_o follow_v the_o nature_n colour_n figure_n and_o magnitude_n of_o that_o vapour_n which_o be_v already_o existent_a in_o the_o eye_n so_o if_o the_o internal_a vapour_n be_v greenish_a or_o yellow_a it_o represent_v the_o species_n of_o the_o external_a object_n as_o of_o a_o wall_n or_o book_n yellow_a and_o greenish_a if_o the_o vapour_n be_v small_a and_o diffuse_v there_o do_v appear_v as_o it_o be_v fly_v gnat_n if_o it_o be_v stretch_v out_o in_o length_n hair_n do_v appear_v now_o if_o that_o which_o be_v in_o the_o eye_n shall_v be_v see_v by_o a_o proper_a species_n of_o it_o own_o the_o inner_a appear_v why_o that_o which_o be_v within_o do_v appear_v grapie_a coat_n which_o be_v diverse_a colour_v will_v be_v see_v final_o the_o last_o knot_n which_o remain_v to_o be_v untie_v be_v this_o why_o that_o which_o be_v within_o the_o eye_n seem_v to_o be_v out_o of_o it_o i_o answer_v that_o the_o cristaline_a humour_n be_v accustom_v to_o the_o vision_n of_o external_a thing_n solution_n solution_n do_v judge_v whatsoever_o be_v within_o to_o be_v without_o qvest._n xxiiii_o whether_o the_o organ_n of_o sight_n be_v fiery_a or_o watery_a concern_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o eye_n the_o platonist_n &_o peripatetik_n be_v at_o great_a strife_n plato_n in_o timaeo_n because_o he_o be_v persuade_v that_o vision_n be_v perform_v by_o fiery_a plato_n say_v it_o be_v fiery_a emission_n of_o light_n from_o the_o eye_n do_v therefore_o think_v that_o the_o eye_n be_v of_o a_o fiery_a nature_n the_o eye_n say_v he_o do_v participate_v of_o that_o fire_n which_o do_v not_o burn_v but_o by_o illumination_n do_v cheerful_o draw_v the_o day_n out_o of_o the_o dungeon_n of_o the_o night_n now_o fire_n according_a to_o the_o platonist_n be_v threefold_a first_o that_o which_o do_v both_o shine_n and_o burn_v second_o that_o which_o shine_v but_o burn_v not_o three_o that_o which_o burn_v but_o do_v not_o shine_v and_o this_o opinion_n of_o plato_n galen_n seem_v to_o follow_v in_o his_o 10._o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la and_o in_o the_o seven_o de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la hippo._n &_o platonis_fw-la for_o he_o call_v the_o eye_n a_o bright_a organ_n and_o the_o sunlike_a part_n of_o the_o creature_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o platonist_n be_v these_o first_o the_o eye_n of_o some_o creature_n do_v shine_v &_o glitter_v in_o the_o night_n as_o of_o night-owle_n and_o of_o cat_n again_o some_o in_o vehement_a fit_n of_o reason_n the_o platonist_n reason_n anger_n have_v their_o eye_n as_o it_o be_v burn_v and_o inflame_a moreover_o when_o the_o eye_n be_v shoot_v at_o one_o side_n we_o see_v a_o kind_n of_o fiery_a glance_n like_o lightning_n and_o the_o eye_n be_v rub_v in_o the_o dark_a do_v yield_v a_o bright_a glimpse_n under_o the_o finger_n aristotle_n affirm_v that_o antiphon_n have_v his_o own_o shape_n and_o image_n continual_o before_o his_o eye_n and_o pliny_n report_v many_o thing_n of_o tiberius_n caesar_n in_o the_o 11._o book_n of_o his_o natural_a history_n galen_n also_o in_o the_o seven_o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la hippocratis_fw-la &_o platonis_fw-la make_v mention_v how_o it_o happen_v unto_o one_o many_o night_n before_o he_o utter_o lose_v his_o sight_n that_o he_o perceive_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o light_n to_o issue_n forth_o of_o his_o eye_n furthermore_o that_o the_o eye_n be_v fiery_a may_v be_v thus_o demonstrate_v because_o they_o be_v very_o agile_a pliable_a and_o mooveable_a now_o facility_n of_o motion_n be_v from_o heat_n they_o be_v also_o translucid_a of_o a_o pyramidal_a figure_n and_o full_a of_o spirit_n because_o they_o perform_v their_o function_n in_o a_o moment_n to_o these_o we_o add_v that_o to_o the_o most_o noble_a sensorium_fw-la or_o organ_n be_v due_a the_o noble_a element_n which_o be_v the_o fire_n again_o the_o sense_n be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v subject_v to_o they_o but_o colour_n be_v of_o a_o fiery_a nature_n for_o so_o plato_n define_v colour_n to_o be_v a_o flame_n yssue_v from_o the_o body_n colour_v last_o the_o eye_n never_o grow_v stiff_a as_o do_v other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n whence_o it_o follow_v that_o they_o be_v of_o a_o fiery_a nature_n on_o the_o contrary_a part_n aristotle_n and_o all_o the_o peripatetik_n do_v watery_a the_o opinion_n of_o aristotle_n that_o the_o eye_n be_v watery_a contend_v that_o the_o eye_n be_v watery_a but_o he_o that_o desire_v more_o satisfaction_n herein_o may_v read_v those_o thing_n which_o the_o same_o aristotle_n write_v against_o the_o platonist_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr sensu_fw-la &_o sensili_fw-la we_o will_v subscribe_v rather_o to_o this_o latter_a opinion_n and_o the_o same_o do_v divine_a hypocrates_n affirm_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la in_o homine_fw-la the_o sight_n be_v nourish_v by_o the_o humidity_n of_o the_o brain_n reason_n the_o authority_n of_o hypocrates_n democritus_n reason_n of_o the_o same_o mind_n also_o be_v democritus_n as_o aristotle_n report_v in_o his_o book_n of_o sense_n lasâ—_n anatomy_n and_o the_o whole_a composition_n of_o the_o eye_n do_v convince_v this_o for_o the_o principal_a part_n of_o the_o eye_n which_o first_o of_o all_o cause_v vision_n be_v all_o icy_a which_o part_n be_v drown_v in_o the_o glassy_a humour_n have_v in_o the_o forepart_n a_o watery_a humour_n so_o dispose_v for_o a_o defence_n and_o if_o the_o eye_n be_v hurt_v or_o wound_v whatsoever_o do_v flow_v from_o it_o be_v watery_a some_o have_v labour_v to_o reconcile_v plato_n with_o aristotle_n after_o this_o manner_n there_o be_v two_o reproove_v carpentarius_n reconcile_a aristotle_n &_o plato_n be_v reproove_v thing_n to_o be_v consider_v in_o the_o eye_n which_o concur_v to_o this_o act_n of_o vision_n first_o a_o most_o clear_a visive_a spirit_n flow_v from_o the_o brain_n through_o the_o optic_a nerve_n and_o secondlie_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n now_o according_a to_o this_o distinction_n they_o say_v that_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o spirit_n &_o the_o internal_a light_n as_o also_o of_o the_o enlighten_v object_v the_o eye_n be_v fiery_a but_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o crystalline_a it_o be_v watery_a but_o this_o distinction_n seem_v not_o to_o be_v altogether_o tolerable_a for_o so_o every_o organ_n shall_v be_v fiery_a because_o the_o organ_n of_o all_o sense_n have_v their_o animal_n spirit_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n tenuity_n and_o brightness_n for_o there_o be_v not_o diverse_a kind_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n that_o some_o shall_v be_v appoint_v to_o the_o sight_n other_o to_o hear_v i_o therefore_o hold_v it_o better_a to_o affirm_v simple_o according_a to_o aristotle_n and_o indeed_o the_o truth_n itself_o that_o the_o organ_n of_o sight_n be_v watery_a concern_v those_o reason_n which_o be_v produce_v in_o defence_n of_o the_o platoniste_n answer_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o platoinstâ—_n answer_v they_o be_v of_o small_a moment_n for_o the_o eye_n do_v shine_v indeed_o and_o oftentimes_o a_o bright_a splendour_n do_v proceed_v from_o they_o but_o not_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o fire_n but_o because_o of_o the_o tralucencie_n plainness_n and_o smoothness_n of_o the_o chrystaline_a and_o the_o coat_n for_o whatsoever_o thing_n be_v shine_v why_o the_o eye_n do_v shine_v smooth_a and_o neat_a do_v shine_v in_o the_o dark_a as_o horn_n again_o it_o happen_v because_o the_o external_a light_n receive_v of_o the_o chrystaline_a do_v not_o present_o vanish_v they_o be_v movable_a &_o for_o this_o cause_n call_v by_o the_o poet_n faciles_fw-la yet_o this_o be_v not_o from_o the_o fire_n but_o from_o a_o abundant_a and_o slipry_a humidity_n from_o the_o spirit_n and_o the_o six_o strong_a muscle_n by_o which_o it_o be_v a_o easy_a matter_n for_o a_o small_a member_n to_o be_v move_v they_o be_v call_v spiritual_a by_o reason_n of_o their_o action_n for_o they_o perform_v their_o function_n spiritual_a why_o they_o be_v call_v spiritual_a in_o a_o instant_n and_o because_o they_o receive_v incorporeal_a and_o immaterial_a species_n or_o form_n produce_v &_o bring_v through_o the_o air_n and_o continual_o offer_v themselves_o
of_o his_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la part_n acknowledge_v a_o three_o cause_n of_o this_o their_o meeting_n to_o wit_n that_o the_o form_n &_o image_n of_o visible_a thing_n may_v be_v unite_v for_o three_o the_o three_o though_o the_o species_n be_v carry_v through_o two_o organ_n yet_o they_o appear_v single_a and_o not_o double_a and_o this_o be_v aristotle_n mind_n in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o problem_n and_o the_o three_o section_n where_o he_o demand_v why_o the_o eye_n be_v together_o and_o at_o once_o move_v because_o say_v he_o they_o have_v one_o beginning_n of_o motion_n to_o wit_n the_o meeting_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n and_o avicen_n be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n but_o i_o say_v laurentius_n do_v not_o altogether_o approve_v of_o this_o cause_n of_o their_o coition_n for_o vesalius_n write_v that_o he_o observe_v in_o a_o young_a man_n that_o these_o optic_a nerve_n do_v no_o where_n meet_v and_o yet_o he_o never_o in_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o his_o life_n complain_v of_o any_o depravation_n or_o infirmity_n of_o sight_n aristotle_n write_v in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la and_o in_o the_o 4._o of_o his_o metaphysic_n that_o the_o sense_n be_v never_o deceive_v about_o his_o proper_a object_n what_o need_n be_v there_o then_o of_o this_o conjunction_n again_o if_o we_o obtain_v this_o by_o the_o coition_n of_o these_o nerve_n that_o the_o species_n and_o form_n of_o either_o eye_n be_v unite_v into_o one_o then_o why_o shall_v not_o those_o many_o thing_n which_o be_v see_v together_o appear_v but_o one_o in_o like_a manner_n though_o there_o be_v two_o ear_n and_o two_o nostril_n yet_o the_o object_n do_v not_o appear_v manifold_a to_o the_o sense_n it_o be_v not_o therefore_o from_o this_o coition_n of_o the_o optic_n that_o the_o object_n appear_v simple_a but_o because_o the_o apple_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v in_o the_o same_o plain_a and_o be_v turn_v towards_o the_o visible_a object_n at_o the_o same_o moment_n four_o some_o will_v have_v the_o opticke_n to_o meet_v to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v more_o fit_o proceed_v out_o of_o the_o perforation_n in_o the_o scull_n and_o so_o may_v be_v carry_v direct_o to_o the_o eye_n reason_n the_o 4._o reason_n last_o galen_n in_o the_o 14._o chapter_n of_o his_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la conceive_v that_o they_o meet_v that_o so_o the_o visive_a spirit_n may_v pass_v from_o the_o one_o eye_n into_o the_o other_o in_o a_o moment_n reason_n the_o 5._o reason_n for_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o sight_n so_o the_o one_o eye_n be_v shut_v we_o do_v see_v more_o accuratelie_o with_o the_o other_o and_o these_o be_v all_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o coition_n or_o meeting_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n let_v we_o now_o follow_v on_o and_o declare_v the_o manner_n of_o their_o insertion_n the_o optic_a nerve_n nerve_n the_o insertion_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n do_v consist_v of_o a_o double_a substance_n a_o internal_a which_o be_v marrowye_n and_o a_o external_a which_o be_v membranous_a the_o inner_a marrow_n when_o it_o attain_v to_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n be_v dilate_v and_o so_o diffuse_v visive_a spirit_n through_o the_o whole_a eye_n out_o of_o this_o dilatation_n arise_v a_o coat_n which_o they_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o the_o net-like_a coat_n which_o as_o galen_n teach_v in_o the_o second_o chapter_n of_o his_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la do_v neither_o in_o colour_n nor_o substance_n deserve_v the_o name_n of_o a_o coat_n but_o if_o you_o cast_v it_o into_o water_n you_o shall_v see_v it_o resemble_v the_o soft_a white_a and_o marrowy_a substance_n of_o the_o brain_n but_o the_o outward_a part_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n do_v consist_v of_o two_o coat_n the_o one_o whereof_o be_v propagate_v from_o the_o thin_a meninx_n the_o other_o from_o the_o hard_a the_o one_o be_v spend_v into_o the_o grapie_a coat_n the_o other_o into_o the_o horny_a membrane_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o by_o the_o continuitie_n of_o this_o optic_a nerve_n the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v carry_v even_o in_o a_o moment_n unto_o the_o apple_n of_o the_o eye_n concern_v the_o last_o question_n which_o be_v of_o the_o inner_a cavity_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n galen_n nerve_n of_o the_o cavitie_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n write_v in_o the_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la that_o they_o be_v manifest_o hollow_a and_o therefore_o herophilus_n call_v these_o nerve_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o they_o be_v perforate_v or_o hole_v through_o but_o we_o do_v not_o admit_v this_o sensible_a cavity_n in_o nerve_n yet_o we_o will_v have_v they_o to_o be_v the_o most_o soft_a of_o all_o the_o nerve_n and_o more_o spongy_a that_o they_o may_v receive_v and_o transport_v a_o more_o copious_a and_o abundant_a source_n of_o animal_n spirir_n qvest._n xxx_o whether_o the_o light_n be_v the_o object_n of_o the_o sight_n there_o be_v some_o which_o do_v determine_v that_o light_n be_v the_o object_n of_o sight_n ground_v their_o opinion_n upon_o this_o foundation_n because_o every_o thing_n which_o be_v see_v sight_n their_o reason_n which_o say_v light_n be_v the_o object_n of_o sight_n either_o be_v light_a or_o it_o be_v see_v by_o the_o light_n or_o as_o simplicius_n say_v that_o which_o be_v see_v be_v either_o light_n or_o never_o a_o kin_n unto_o it_o conclude_v hence_o that_o light_n be_v visible_a by_o itself_o but_o colour_n and_o other_o thing_n only_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o light_n insomuch_o as_o light_n be_v the_o cause_n wherefore_o they_o be_v see_v but_o none_o of_o these_o be_v true_a &_o first_o of_o all_o that_o proposition_n may_v not_o be_v grant_v to_o wit_n that_o whatsoever_o be_v see_v be_v either_o light_n or_o be_v see_v by_o the_o light_n or_o be_v very_o like_a to_o it_o for_o if_o they_o take_v see_v in_o so_o large_a a_o sense_n as_o to_o perceive_v a_o thing_n with_o the_o eye_n as_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o they_o must_v grant_v for_o else_o we_o will_v deny_v that_o the_o light_n itself_o may_v be_v see_v then_o will_v also_o darkness_n itself_o be_v see_v which_o neither_o be_v nor_o may_v be_v see_v by_o the_o light_n neither_o be_v it_o of_o a_o nature_n like_o unto_o it_o again_o all_o thing_n be_v not_o see_v by_o light_n for_o there_o be_v something_n which_o be_v make_v conspicuous_a dark_a some_o thing_n be_v see_v in_o the_o dark_a only_o by_o darkness_n but_o in_o too_o clear_a and_o splendide_fw-la a_o light_n they_o fly_v from_o the_o sense_n as_o the_o scale_n and_o eye_n of_o fish_n old_a rot_a wood_n yea_o i_o say_v the_o star_n themselves_o which_o therefore_o the_o vulgar_a imagine_n do_v fall_v because_o they_o be_v obscure_v by_o the_o light_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o so_o take_v from_o our_o sight_n but_o at_o the_o return_n of_o the_o evening_n twilight_n to_o wit_n see_v how_o the_o star_n be_v see_v when_o the_o light_n go_v away_o and_o the_o night_n approach_v they_o be_v by_o degree_n restore_v to_o our_o sight_n again_o as_o in_o the_o morning_n twilight_n they_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n do_v withdraw_v themselves_o by_o little_a and_o little_a from_o us._n therefore_o every_o thing_n which_o be_v see_v be_v not_o light_a or_o see_v by_o the_o light_n reason_n and_o aristotle_n doctrine_n do_v contradict_v this_o opinion_n for_o we_o be_v teach_v by_o both_o these_o that_o the_o eye_n shall_v be_v free_a from_o his_o own_o object_n that_o so_o it_o may_v receive_v it_o more_o eye_n light_n be_v not_o the_o object_n of_o the_o sight_n because_o it_o be_v in_o the_o eye_n sincere_o but_o the_o eye_n both_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o whole_a frame_n and_o composition_n and_o especial_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n where_o the_o reception_n of_o the_o object_n be_v proper_o make_v be_v especial_o light_a and_o clear_a light_v therefore_o can_v be_v the_o object_n of_o the_o sight_n moreover_o to_o see_v be_v not_o only_o to_o know_v a_o thing_n with_o the_o eye_n for_o this_o be_v too_o large_a a_o a_o signification_n and_o agree_v to_o many_o thing_n beside_o the_o proper_a object_n but_o we_o do_v proper_o see_v that_o in_o which_o when_o it_o be_v perceive_v with_o the_o eye_n the_o sight_n be_v determine_v and_o stay_v itself_o but_o the_o sight_n be_v not_o terminate_v in_o the_o light_n though_o the_o eye_n do_v perceive_v it_o but_o reach_v always_o beyond_o it_o see_v therefore_o the_o light_n can_v be_v true_o see_v it_o can_v be_v the_o true_a object_n of_o sight_n furthermore_o a_o incorporeal_a object_n can_v alter_v a_o corporeal_a organ_n except_o it_o proceed_v vision_n the_o alteration_n of_o the_o organ_n be_v requisite_a to_o vision_n from_o a_o body_n that_o
or_o justle_n one_o against_o another_o the_o medium_n wherein_o they_o be_v move_v endure_v betwixt_o they_o a_o compression_n that_o compression_n end_v in_o attrition_n that_o attrition_n in_o fraction_n and_o that_o fraction_n kindle_v as_o it_o be_v at_o resonance_n wherefore_o aristotle_n say_v well_o in_o the_o 78._o text_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la that_o a_o sound_n be_v always_o actuate_v when_o one_o thing_n move_v against_o another_o in_o a_o three_o find_v that_o the_o fraction_n be_v not_o the_o find_v but_o although_o the_o air_n thus_o beat_v and_o break_v make_v a_o find_v yet_o the_o very_a fraction_n of_o the_o air_n be_v not_o the_o sound_n neither_o the_o next_o and_o immediate_a generation_n thereof_o and_o herein_o all_o philosopher_n do_v agree_v particular_o avicen_n but_o what_o shall_v we_o stand_v upon_o authority_n we_o prove_v it_o thus_o the_o fraction_n of_o the_o air_n be_v a_o motion_n but_o the_o sound_n be_v not_o a_o motion_n first_o because_o a_o sound_n be_v the_o proper_a object_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o hear_v but_o motion_n be_v a_o common_a object_n not_o discern_v by_o the_o sense_n of_o hear_v and_o therefore_o a_o sound_n be_v not_o a_o motion_n second_o motion_n be_v no_o quality_n but_o reduce_v unto_o other_o predicament_n as_o we_o say_v in_o school_n that_o be_v to_o action_n passion_n or_o place_n but_o sound_n be_v a_o quality_n to_o wit_n one_o of_o the_o motion_n nor_o the_o motion_n three_o kind_n to_o which_o the_o object_n of_o the_o sense_n be_v refer_v three_o sound_n be_v make_v by_o motion_n so_o we_o see_v by_o experience_n so_o we_o be_v teach_v by_o all_o philosophy_n the_o same_o philosophy_n teach_v we_o that_o nothing_o produce_v itself_o see_v then_o that_o motion_n produce_v sound_a certain_o sound_a can_v be_v no_o motion_n it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o aristotle_n in_o the_o 58._o text_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr sensu_fw-la &_o sensili_fw-la and_o the_o solution_n objection_n solution_n sixth_o chapter_n say_v that_o sound_n be_v a_o motion_n but_o we_o answer_v that_o he_o speak_v not_o in_o a_o formal_a sense_n but_o in_o a_o casual_a that_o be_v not_o endeavour_v to_o give_v the_o definition_n of_o a_o sound_n but_o a_o casual_a production_n as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v when_o some_o motion_n be_v make_v with_o such_o and_o such_o circumstance_n a_o sound_n will_v result_v therefrom_o we_o will_v also_o add_v another_o reason_n and_o that_o very_o strong_a which_o be_v on_o this_o manner_n those_o thing_n which_o have_v a_o particular_a existence_n or_o be_v one_o without_o the_o other_o be_v in_o themselves_o several_o distinct_a and_o diverse_a now_o the_o sound_n and_o the_o break_a motion_n of_o the_o air_n have_v several_a and_o particular_a being_n because_o the_o sound_n be_v diffuse_v and_o attain_v to_o those_o part_n of_o the_o air_n or_o water_n to_o which_o part_v the_o motion_n can_v reach_v and_o this_o aristotle_n in_o his_o four_o book_n de_fw-fr historia_fw-la animalium_fw-la proove_v by_o the_o example_n of_o angler_n who_o in_o the_o time_n of_o their_o disport_n be_v as_o silent_a as_o may_v be_v and_o yet_o the_o fish_n hear_v they_o now_o say_v aristotle_n instance_n aristotle_n instance_n it_o be_v not_o like_o that_o their_o whisper_n can_v produce_v so_o vehement_a a_o motion_n that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o air_n break_v thereby_o shall_v by_o succession_n move_v through_o the_o whole_a mass_n of_o water_n unto_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o fish_n again_o that_o this_o fraction_n of_o the_o air_n be_v not_o the_o next_o and_o immediate_a generation_n of_o the_o sound_n may_v thus_o be_v evict_v local_a motion_n of_o itself_o contend_v or_o strive_v only_o unto_o motion_n that_o sound_n be_v not_o immediate_o generate_v by_o motion_n place_n neither_o of_o itself_o do_v it_o make_v impression_n of_o any_o other_o real_a be_v upon_o that_o which_o be_v move_v as_o aristotle_n teach_v in_o the_o eight_o book_n of_o his_o physics_n the_o 7_o chapter_n and_o the_o 59_o text._n it_o follow_v therefore_o that_o the_o generation_n of_o sound_n be_v another_o action_n beside_o the_o motion_n which_o action_n i_o know_v not_o how_o to_o name_v yet_o we_o may_v well_o conceive_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o local_a impulsion_n and_o the_o sound_n as_o we_o may_v also_o perceive_v that_o beside_o local_a motion_n sometime_o heat_n be_v engender_v yet_o no_o man_n will_v say_v that_o motion_n be_v the_o immediate_a cause_n of_o heat_n after_o this_o manner_n also_o we_o may_v well_o conceive_v how_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o star_n may_v be_v dispense_v in_o this_o inferior_a will_v to_o conclude_v therefore_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o there_o must_v concur_v three_o action_n to_o the_o production_n of_o any_o sound_n and_o these_o three_o do_v each_o accompany_v and_o succeed_v other_o the_o first_o action_n be_v the_o affront_n which_o be_v betwixt_o the_o two_o body_n which_o offend_v one_o against_o another_o the_o second_o be_v the_o fraction_n or_o break_v of_o the_o medium_fw-la the_o three_o and_o last_o be_v the_o sound_v of_o the_o medium_fw-la for_o so_o you_o shall_v give_v we_o leave_v to_o call_v it_o because_o we_o can_v devise_v no_o other_o name_n immediate_o after_o this_o follow_v the_o sound_n qvest._n thirty-nine_o the_o definition_n of_o a_o sound_n have_v as_o plain_o as_o we_o can_v deliver_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o generation_n and_o production_n of_o a_o sound_v we_o will_v now_o brief_o set_v down_o the_o definition_n of_o it_o aristotle_n in_o the_o 65_o text_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la define_v a_o sound_a to_o be_v a_o motion_n of_o that_o which_o may_v be_v move_v with_o that_o motion_n wherewith_o those_o thing_n be_v move_v which_o do_v rebound_v from_o the_o mutual_a percussion_n of_o two_o body_n other_o do_v define_v it_o to_o be_v a_o sensative_a quality_n strike_v the_o hear_n and_o the_o proper_a object_n of_o that_o sense_n but_o we_o will_v thus_o define_v it_o a_o sound_z be_v a_o passive_a and_o successive_a quality_n produce_v from_o the_o interception_n and_o break_n of_o the_o air_n or_o water_n which_o follow_v upon_o the_o objection_n the_o definition_n of_o a_o sound_n objection_n collision_n or_o strike_v of_o two_o sound_a body_n &_o so_o fit_a to_o move_v the_o sense_n of_o hear_v if_o any_o shall_v object_v that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o only_a nature_n of_o one_o thing_n as_o arist_n say_v in_o the_o 4_o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n of_o topicke_n and_o that_o a_o definition_n be_v a_o oration_n express_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o thing_n as_o the_o same_o aristotle_n in_o the_o 5_o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n and_o the_o sixth_o chapter_n of_o his_o 5._o book_n of_o topic_n say_v there_o can_v be_v but_o one_o definition_n give_v of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n and_o therefore_o a_o sound_n shall_v not_o consist_v of_o one_o simple_a but_o of_o a_o threefold_a nature_n because_o we_o have_v set_v down_o three_o definition_n one_o differ_v from_o another_o whereas_o we_o promise_v but_o one_o definition_n in_o the_o title_n of_o this_o chapter_n it_o be_v therefore_o to_o be_v consider_v that_o three_o accident_n a_o threefold_a definition_n of_o accident_n thing_n may_v be_v observe_v in_o all_o accident_n and_o from_o the_o knowledge_n of_o these_o their_o nature_n may_v be_v better_o manifest_v these_o be_v the_o subject_n the_o genus_fw-la and_o the_o cause_n by_o which_o three_o according_a to_o the_o diverse_a intention_n and_o end_n of_o the_o definer_n such_o accident_n be_v define_v either_o with_o the_o mention_n of_o they_o all_o or_o of_o the_o subject_n and_o genus_fw-la only_o the_o cause_n be_v leave_v out_o or_o of_o the_o cause_n alone_o omit_v the_o other_o two_o the_o first_o manner_n of_o define_v satisfy_v the_o understanding_n best_o the_o other_o afford_v but_o a_o lame_a &_o defective_a understanding_n of_o that_o which_o be_v define_v so_o in_o this_o definition_n of_o the_o eclipse_n that_o it_o be_v a_o privation_n of_o the_o light_n in_o the_o moon_n by_o eclipse_n by_o the_o eclipse_n reason_n of_o the_o interposition_n of_o the_o earth_n betwixt_o the_o moon_n and_o the_o sun_n all_o three_o be_v contain_v likewise_o the_o thunder_n define_v to_o be_v a_o sound_n in_o a_o cloud_n make_v by_o the_o extinction_n of_o fire_n be_v a_o definition_n consist_v of_o all_o three_o but_o this_o thunder_n be_v only_o define_v by_o the_o subject_n and_o thunder_n and_o thunder_n the_o genus_fw-la if_o we_o say_v that_o thunder_n be_v a_o sound_n in_o a_o cloud_n and_o by_o the_o cause_n alone_o when_o we_o say_v it_o be_v a_o extinction_n of_o the_o fire_n now_o if_o the_o nature_n of_o accident_n be_v such_o and_o so_o great_a variety_n be_v in_o their_o
of_o new_a air_n inspire_v by_o the_o mouth_n and_o last_o that_o by_o this_o way_n a_o passage_n may_v be_v open_a for_o the_o external_a air_n rush_v forcible_o through_o the_o hole_n instance_n reason_n of_o the_o former_a instance_n of_o the_o ear_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o noise_n make_v by_o ordinance_n when_o we_o be_v near_o it_o the_o air_n therefore_o do_v pass_v free_o out_o of_o the_o mouth_n into_o the_o ear_n and_o again_o retire_v from_o the_o ear_n into_o the_o mouth_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o when_o we_o will_v hear_v more_o attentivelie_o weeholde_v our_o breath_n lest_o the_o cochlea_n or_o snaile-shell_n shall_v be_v fill_v with_o abundance_n of_o inspire_a air_n and_o so_o the_o tympane_n be_v stretch_v but_o such_o as_o yawn_v do_v not_o hear_v so_o well_o because_o in_o this_o yawn_a or_o gape_v the_o tympane_n be_v so_o stretch_a and_o puff_v up_o that_o it_o can_v receyve_v outward_a sound_n last_o by_o scratch_v the_o ear_n we_o provoke_v spital_n because_o by_o that_o compress_v there_o be_v a_o expression_n of_o excrement_n into_o the_o cartilagineous_a or_o gristlie_a passage_n and_o so_o from_o thence_o unto_o the_o tongue_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o sense_n of_o hear_v now_o we_o come_v unto_o the_o smell_n qvest._n xlv_o what_o smell_a be_v that_o the_o nose_n be_v by_o nature_n make_v as_o well_o for_o respiration_n as_o for_o the_o sense_n of_o smell_a we_o have_v before_o declare_v but_o what_o be_v the_o sense_n of_o smell_a smell_v the_o desfinitiof_n smell_v that_o we_o do_v undertake_v in_o this_o place_n more_o precise_o to_o unfold_v smell_a therefore_o be_v the_o middle_a sense_n of_o five_o which_o perceive_v the_o odour_n of_o thing_n draw_v in_o by_o the_o nostril_n for_o the_o use_n and_o behoof_n of_o the_o creature_n it_o be_v a_o great_a question_n which_o also_o we_o have_v a_o little_a touch_v before_o whether_o to_o the_o action_n of_o this_o sense_n the_o inspiration_n of_o air_n together_o with_o the_o odour_n be_v of_o absolute_a necessity_n and_o yet_o the_o stream_n and_o current_n of_o man_n opinion_n as_o well_o philosopher_n as_o physician_n run_v upon_o the_o affirmative_a part_n for_o if_o we_o desire_v or_o be_v willing_a to_o endeavour_n ourselves_o to_o smell_v smell_v whether_o inspiration_n be_v necessary_a to_o smell_v any_o thing_n more_o curious_o we_o draw_v the_o air_n in_o at_o our_o nostril_n and_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o we_o can_v smell_v in_o the_o water_n because_o the_o water_n that_o be_v draw_v fill_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o organ_n placentinus_n be_v of_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n and_o allege_v aristotle_n for_o his_o author_n in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr sensu_fw-la &_o sensili_fw-la where_n he_o say_v that_o nature_n do_v but_o collateral_o use_v respiration_n in_o the_o attraction_n of_o odour_n which_o respiration_n say_v he_o she_o destinate_a primary_o to_o another_o end_n if_o therefore_o respiration_n be_v necessary_a to_o the_o smell_n than_o it_o follow_v that_o nature_n ordain_v it_o primary_o for_o that_o end_n for_o say_v he_o this_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o nature_n that_o whatsoever_o in_o our_o body_n do_v necessary_o belong_v to_o any_o function_n that_o be_v primary_o appoint_v for_o that_o function_n and_o do_v not_o sort_n unto_o it_o by_o error_n chance_n or_o accident_n see_v therefore_o the_o primary_n and_o chief_a use_n of_o respiration_n be_v to_o refresh_v and_o cherish_v the_o heart_n and_o his_o spirit_n it_o follow_v that_o it_o be_v not_o altogether_o necessary_a for_o smell_a indeed_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n may_v have_v diverse_a use_n but_o the_o principal_a and_o primary_n use_n be_v but_o one_o for_o which_o only_o it_o be_v necessary_a and_o to_o the_o rest_n accommodate_v only_o secondary_o or_o by_o accident_n again_o if_o a_o odour_n of_o itself_o be_v fit_a to_o ascend_v unto_o his_o own_o organ_n why_o shall_v we_o think_v that_o respiration_n shall_v be_v so_o absolute_o necessary_a now_o a_o odout_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o hot_a and_o dry_a exhalation_n as_o we_o shall_v prove_v afterward_o and_o exhalation_n of_o their_o own_o nature_n do_v tend_v or_o move_v upward_o if_o then_o they_o ascend_v natural_o why_o may_v it_o not_o be_v that_o a_o sweet_a and_o please_a breath_n may_v rise_v into_o the_o nostril_n and_o pass_v on_o unto_o the_o organ_n of_o smell_v without_o any_o attraction_n of_o the_o air_n placentinus_n add_v another_o argument_n which_o he_o call_v invincible_a take_v from_o those_o woman_n that_o be_v hysterical_a that_o be_v have_v fit_n of_o the_o mother_n for_o such_o woman_n although_o they_o have_v no_o respiration_n at_o all_o do_v yet_o receive_v and_o perceive_v odour_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o smell_n fit_v of_o the_o mother_n be_v holpen_v by_o smell_n be_v almost_o miraculous_o redeem_v or_o recover_v by_o they_o what_o shall_v we_o say_v unto_o the_o womb_n itself_o do_v it_o not_o smell_v yet_o no_o man_n do_v ever_o say_v that_o the_o womb_n do_v respire_v but_o daily_a experience_n teach_v we_o that_o it_o take_v so_o great_a pleasure_n in_o sweet_a smell_v and_o be_v so_o offend_v savour_n the_o womb_n follow_v sweet_a savour_n with_o that_o which_o be_v noisome_a and_o abominable_a that_o it_o move_v and_o appli_v itself_o manifest_o unto_o the_o one_o and_o avoyd_v the_o other_o even_o with_o local_a and_o methematicall_a motion_n but_o it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o if_o we_o hold_v our_o breath_n we_o can_v smell_v and_o therefore_o this_o objection_n objection_n sense_n be_v not_o accomplish_v without_o inspiration_n placentinus_n answer_v that_o it_o be_v not_o true_a that_o if_o a_o odour_n be_v apply_v to_o the_o nose_n and_o the_o breath_n retain_v no_o sense_n will_v be_v make_v solution_n solution_n and_o those_o who_o urge_v experience_n be_v deceive_v in_o their_o experiment_n for_o the_o breath_n can_v be_v so_o retain_v that_o nothing_o at_o all_o shall_v either_o get_v in_o or_o out_o if_o then_o any_o thing_n enter_v in_o it_o help_v the_o attraction_n of_o the_o odour_n if_o any_o thing_n get_v out_o it_o hinder_v the_o same_o yea_o it_o repell_v or_o drive_v it_o from_o the_o organ_n and_o that_o the_o breath_n can_v be_v so_o immovable_o retain_v may_v be_v convince_v by_o reason_n and_o experience_n reason_n say_v that_o because_o such_o retention_n of_o the_o breath_n be_v violent_a and_o against_o nature_n nature_n will_v likewise_o with_o all_o his_o force_n and_o vigour_n resist_v and_o oppose_v that_o violence_n and_o beside_o that_o all_o the_o organ_n of_o respiration_n do_v by_o a_o proper_a instinct_n hasten_v to_o their_o natural_a action_n hence_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o muscle_n stagger_v as_o it_o be_v in_o their_o work_n of_o sustentation_n and_o the_o lung_n decline_v downward_o by_o their_o weight_n do_v betwixt_o they_o perpetual_o expel_v some_o small_a quantity_n of_o air_n which_o be_v a_o subtle_a and_o fluid_n element_n and_o will_v find_v way_n through_o insensible_a passage_n now_o that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o instinct_n in_o the_o muscle_n serve_v to_o respitation_n &_o that_o this_o instinct_n may_v do_v much_o we_o may_v easy_o conjecture_v because_o though_o a_o muscle_n be_v otherwise_o a_o instrument_n of_o voluntary_a motion_n yet_o even_o in_o sleep_n when_o all_o election_n be_v absent_a and_o the_o will_n especial_o unto_o motion_n be_v at_o rest_n as_o well_o as_o the_o body_n yet_o even_o then_o the_o intercostall_a muscle_n and_o the_o midriff_n which_o serve_v for_o respiration_n do_v follow_v the_o necessity_n of_o nature_n and_o move_v as_o free_o as_o when_o we_o be_v awake_a shall_v we_o therefore_o conceive_v that_o upon_o the_o same_o necessity_n or_o a_o great_a when_o we_o ourselves_o do_v voluntary_o seek_v to_o oppose_v and_o frustate_v the_o end_n of_o nature_n she_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a without_o our_o knowledge_n and_o against_o our_o will_n to_o let_v out_o so_o small_a a_o quantity_n of_o air_n as_o may_v suffice_v for_o this_o her_o purpose_n of_o air_n i_o say_v which_o be_v so_o subtle_a &_o fluid_a a_o body_n that_o it_o will_v issue_v at_o the_o least_o cranny_n and_o yield_v unto_o the_o least_o impulsion_n or_o violence_n experience_n confirm_v the_o same_o thing_n for_o if_o you_o burn_v any_o thing_n that_o be_v odoriferous_a under_o the_o nose_n and_o retain_v your_o breath_n you_o shall_v find_v nay_o you_o shall_v see_v that_o that_o fume_n will_v be_v move_v on_o this_o side_n and_o on_o that_o side_n which_o no_o doubt_n come_v to_o pass_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o air_n which_o pass_v and_o repass_v outward_a and_o inward_a but_o if_o it_o get_v within_o the_o nostril_n than_o it_o be_v present_o smell_v as_o any_o man_n that_o listen_v to_o try_v may_v
degree_n contrary_a &_o repugnant_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o object_n but_o when_o sensation_n be_v make_v they_o must_v grow_v to_o be_v alike_o wherefore_o if_o the_o organ_n be_v so_o dispose_v that_o there_o be_v not_o so_o great_a a_o difference_n betwixt_o it_o &_o the_o nature_n of_o his_o object_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o they_o consent_v better_a together_o and_o the_o organ_n yield_v more_o easy_o towards_o the_o nature_n of_o that_o which_o do_v importune_v it_o but_o we_o proceed_v unto_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o odour_n qvest._n xlvii_o of_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o odour_n heraclitus_n as_o aristotle_n remember_v in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr sensuâ—t_fw-la odour_n heraclitus_n opinion_n of_o odour_n sensili_fw-la conceive_v that_o odour_n be_v a_o fumide_a exhalation_n say_v that_o if_o all_o being_n have_v be_v fumide_a the_o nose_n will_v have_v discern_v of_o all_o aristotle_n reply_v upon_o he_o on_o this_o manner_n if_o that_o be_v true_a which_o heraclitus_n collect_v it_o will_v follow_v that_o those_o creature_n which_o live_v in_o the_o water_n do_v not_o smell_v for_o in_o the_o water_n there_o can_v be_v no_o fumide_a or_o smoky_a exhalation_n generate_v but_o that_o fish_n do_v smell_n may_v be_v prove_v by_o the_o choice_n of_o their_o meat_n which_o aristotle_n persuade_v himself_o they_o make_v by_o smell_a we_o say_v placentinus_n have_v other_o reason_n against_o this_o opinion_n first_o because_o a_o fumide_a exhalation_n be_v a_o substance_n for_o it_o subsi_v by_o itself_o and_o sustain_v accident_n and_o therefore_o natural_o and_o by_o his_o own_o motion_n we_o perceive_v that_o it_o mount_v upward_o now_o than_o if_o a_o odour_n be_v a_o fumide_a exhalation_n it_o can_v not_o be_v by_o it_o sselfe_n sensible_a for_o no_o substance_n do_v by_o itself_o fall_v under_o any_o sense_n yet_o no_o man_n will_v deny_v but_o that_o a_o odour_n do_v by_o itself_o and_o immediate_o work_v upon_o the_o organ_n of_o smell_a it_o be_v true_a indeed_o that_o a_o fumide_a exhalation_n attain_v to_o the_o nostril_n move_v the_o heraclitus_n placentinus_n refutation_n of_o heraclitus_n sense_n of_o smell_a but_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v that_o therefore_o such_o a_o exhalation_n be_v a_o odour_n rather_o we_o shall_v say_v that_o the_o odour_n have_v his_o subsistence_n in_o the_o exhalation_n as_o in_o her_o subject_n for_o accident_n neither_o be_v nor_o can_v be_v without_o their_o subject_n notwithstanding_o there_o be_v a_o place_n in_o galen_n near_o the_o end_n of_o the_o second_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr edoratus_fw-la organo_fw-la which_o seem_v to_o prove_v this_o opinion_n of_o heraclitus_n to_o be_v true_a expound_v a_o place_n of_o galen_n expound_v the_o word_n be_v these_o that_o fall_v into_o the_o sense_n of_o smell_v which_o be_v betwixt_o the_o nature_n of_o air_n and_o water_n to_o wit_n such_o a_o thing_n as_o be_v neither_o so_o thin_a as_o air_n nor_o so_o thick_a as_o water_n for_o that_o which_o exhale_v or_o vapour_v from_o the_o hody_n of_o thing_n be_v the_o substance_n of_o odour_n which_o we_o may_v perceive_v by_o rose_n and_o the_o like_a tender_a plant_n who_o body_n do_v quick_o become_v less_o crumple_v and_o dry_a upwhence_o we_o may_v certain_o gather_v that_o the_o more_o humid_a part_n of_o their_o substance_n be_v resolve_v in_o toexhalation_n thus_o far_o galen_n andanswered_a andanswered_a we_o answer_v that_o galen_n say_v that_o the_o substance_n of_o a_o odour_n be_v a_o exhalation_n by_o substance_n there_o mean_v the_o subject_n wherein_o the_o odour_n do_v consist_v for_o it_o have_v be_v a_o gross_a thing_n in_o galen_n and_o unworthy_a the_o edge_n of_o so_o keen_a a_o philosopher_n if_o he_o have_v attribute_v substance_n to_o a_o odour_n which_o have_v no_o existence_n of_o itself_o and_o if_o any_o man_n shall_v insist_v upon_o the_o example_n of_o rose_n we_o will_v give_v he_o this_o satisfaction_n that_o galen_n do_v not_o conclude_v that_o rose_n therefore_o do_v become_v lesser_a and_o dry_a because_o their_o moyst_a part_n be_v exhale_v into_o odour_n but_o he_o say_v that_o their_o moist_a part_n turn_v into_o a_o exhalation_n and_o he_o say_v true_a for_o a_o exhalation_n which_o be_v a_o substance_n absume_v the_o humidity_n of_o the_o body_n out_o of_o which_o it_o issue_v and_o diminish_v the_o same_o for_o how_o can_v it_o be_v but_o diminish_v when_o a_o substantial_a part_n be_v take_v from_o the_o whole_a but_o a_o odour_n be_v not_o a_o substantial_a part_n neither_o be_v it_o make_v of_o a_o part_n but_o subsi_v in_o the_o whole_a subject_n and_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o accident_n or_o a_o incorporeal_a quality_n so_o that_o out_o of_o these_o word_n of_o galen_n we_o may_v gather_v this_o excellent_a point_n of_o learning_n that_o where_o he_o say_v that_o which_o exhale_v from_o the_o body_n of_o thing_n be_v the_o substance_n of_o a_o odour_n he_o do_v wise_o signify_v the_o matter_n out_o of_o which_o the_o odour_n do_v arise_v which_o be_v the_o body_n and_o the_o subject_n wherein_o it_o do_v inhere_o which_o be_v the_o exhalation_n whereas_o therefore_o he_o say_v that_o the_o exhalation_n be_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o odour_n he_o do_v not_o mean_a that_o the_o odour_n be_v a_o substance_n but_o be_v a_o accident_n that_o it_o do_v subsist_v in_o this_o substane_n as_o in_o his_o subject_n but_o for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o this_o opinion_n of_o heraclitus_n there_o be_v some_o objection_n make_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o odour_n itself_o be_v a_o fumide_a substance_n because_o it_o perform_v many_o thing_n pliny_n a_o story_n out_o of_o pliny_n which_o can_v be_v do_v but_o only_o by_o a_o substance_n and_o first_o a_o creature_n may_v thereby_o be_v nourish_v for_o which_o they_o allege_v pliny_n in_o the_o 2._o chapter_n of_o his_o seven_o book_n where_o he_o say_v that_o in_o the_o eastern_a india_n about_o the_o fountain_n or_o head_n of_o the_o river_n ganges_n there_o be_v a_o nation_n without_o mouth_n who_o he_o call_v astomy_n hairy_a all_o over_o their_o body_n and_o clothe_v astomy_n the_o astomy_n with_o the_o leaf_n of_o tree_n they_o live_v of_o nothing_o but_o exhalation_n and_o odour_n which_o they_o draw_v in_o through_o their_o nose_n meat_n they_o have_v none_o nor_o drink_n only_o they_o use_v to_o smell_v upon_o certain_a root_n and_o flower_n and_o wild_a apple_n which_o they_o carry_v with_o they_o when_o they_o traveil_n far_o that_o they_o may_v not_o want_v something_o to_o smell_v to_o these_o man_n be_v easy_o stifle_v with_o a_o strong_a odour_n the_o like_a we_o read_v of_o democritus_n who_o they_o say_v sustain_v his_o life_n four_o day_n with_o the_o smell_n of_o honey_n or_o hot_a bread_n we_o answer_v with_o aristotle_n in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n democritus_n democritus_n desensu_fw-la &_o sensili_fw-la where_o he_o ascribe_v this_o opinion_n to_o the_o pythagorian_n that_o such_o strange_a report_n be_v mere_a fable_n unworthy_a the_o credit_n of_o a_o history_n because_o they_o abhor_v so_o much_o from_o reason_n for_o those_o thing_n which_o do_v nourish_v must_v be_v convert_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o live_a pliny_n reason_n against_o pliny_n body_n now_o that_o which_o be_v incorporeal_a can_v possible_o be_v convert_v into_o a_o corporeal_a substance_n wherefore_o odour_n be_v of_o itself_o a_o incorporeal_a accident_n and_o therefore_o not_o change_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o creature_n can_v become_v a_o nourishment_n thereto_o beside_o all_o creature_n have_v some_o place_n in_o their_o belly_n which_o receive_v their_o meat_n and_o from_o whence_o the_o body_n draw_v that_o which_o sustain_v it_o but_o the_o organ_n of_o odour_n be_v seat_v in_o the_o head_n from_o whence_o no_o member_n of_o the_o creature_n seek_v for_o nourishment_n they_o urge_v further_o the_o example_n cook_n who_o because_o they_o be_v busy_a in_o boil_v and_o roast_v viand_n for_o other_o man_n do_v receive_v so_o many_o odour_n from_o they_o that_o they_o scarce_o stomach_n why_o cook_n have_v no_o good_a stomach_n ever_o be_v a_o hungry_a or_o desire_v meat_n but_o rather_o be_v satisfy_v with_o the_o smell_n do_v loath_a the_o substance_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v common_o think_v that_o these_o smell_n do_v satisfy_v and_o cloy_v they_o but_o we_o deny_v that_o this_o come_v to_o pass_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o odour_n of_o meat_n but_o the_o reason_n why_o they_o desire_v not_o meat_n as_o other_o man_n be_v either_o because_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o proverb_n they_o can_v lick_v their_o own_o finger_n that_o be_v taste_v a_o little_a of_o every_o thing_n they_o insensible_o fill_v their_o stomach_n or_o be_v always_o about_o the_o fire_n their_o pore_n be_v open_v
for_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o membarne_v the_o extremity_n thereof_o reach_v unto_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o tongue_n to_o defer_v and_o confer_v the_o faculty_n thereunto_o answer_n objection_n answer_n but_o it_o will_v be_v object_v that_o if_o this_o coat_n or_o membrane_n be_v ill_o affect_v the_o taste_n be_v therewithal_o deprave_a we_o yield_v it_o to_o be_v true_a yet_o not_o because_o the_o taste_n be_v perfect_v in_o that_o part_n but_o because_o this_o membrane_n concur_v to_o the_o action_n of_o sensation_n without_o which_o in_o deed_n we_o can_v taste_v so_o in_o the_o eye_n if_o the_o horny_a membrane_n be_v violate_v the_o sight_n be_v then_o deprave_a and_o yet_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v that_o the_o horny_a membrane_n be_v the_o chief_a organ_n of_o sight_n and_o thus_o we_o must_v understand_v galen_n in_o the_o second_o chapter_n of_o his_o 4._o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la expound_v galen_n expound_v affectis_fw-la where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o taste_n be_v vitiate_a if_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o tongue_n be_v distemper_v or_o we_o may_v say_v that_o this_o membrane_n be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o taster_n to_o the_o taste_n which_o office_n it_o have_v partly_o from_o his_o own_o proper_a temperament_n partly_o from_o the_o soft_a nerve_n which_o be_v insert_v thereinto_o unless_o you_o will_v say_v that_o these_o nerve_n be_v allow_v to_o the_o membrane_n by_o nature_n to_o give_v it_o a_o exquisite_a sense_n of_o touch_v whereof_o the_o tongue_n stand_v in_o need_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o his_o substance_n which_o assertion_n will_v not_o be_v against_o reason_n we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o tongue_n have_v a_o exact_a sense_n of_o touch_v nor_o altogether_o devoyde_a of_o taste_v not_o that_o it_o taste_v at_o all_o of_o itself_o but_o be_v conclusion_n the_o conclusion_n contiguous_a yea_o continual_a and_o grow_a to_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o tongue_n it_o concur_v withal_o to_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o action_n so_o as_o without_o it_o the_o sense_n of_o taste_v can_v be_v perfect_v nor_o accomplish_v notwithstanding_o we_o find_v another_o principal_a part_n to_o which_o as_o this_o membrane_n so_o all_o the_o other_o adjacent_a part_n be_v substitute_v by_o nature_n as_o helper_n and_o handmaid_n and_o that_o be_v the_o proper_a and_o spungy_a flesh_n or_o pulp_n of_o the_o tongue_n for_o beside_o that_o it_o have_v a_o substance_n such_o as_o you_o can_v no_o where_n find_v the_o like_a in_o the_o whole_a body_n the_o temperament_n also_o thereof_o organ_n that_o the_o body_n of_o the_o tongue_n be_v the_o true_a organ_n be_v apt_a and_o to_o entertain_v and_o receive_v sapour_n for_o it_o be_v moist_a and_o hot_a near_o of_o kin_n unto_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o sapour_fw-la that_o it_o may_v more_o easy_o be_v alter_v thereby_o and_o indeed_o for_o the_o make_n of_o this_o sensation_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o organ_n shall_v put_v on_o the_o nature_n of_o argument_n argument_n the_o object_n which_o aristotle_n mean_v when_o he_o say_v that_o the_o organ_n must_v potential_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n which_o the_o object_n be_v actual_o that_o so_o it_o may_v be_v alter_v &_o actual_o receive_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o object_n for_o how_o shall_v it_o judge_v of_o the_o object_n unless_o it_o do_v put_v on_o the_o quality_n thereof_o add_v hereto_o that_o it_o have_v a_o ingenite_fw-la humidity_n that_o those_o object_n which_o be_v potential_o moist_a as_o salt_n be_v be_v by_o this_o organ_n actual_o make_v moist_a may_v become_v sapide_v that_o free_o and_o frank_o exhibit_v his_o sapour_n again_o what_o great_a argument_n can_v there_o be_v that_o this_o flesh_n shall_v be_v the_o organ_n of_o taste_v then_o because_o it_o be_v spungy_a for_o taste_n be_v never_o make_v unless_o the_o moisture_n that_o carry_v the_o sapour_fw-la be_v imbibe_v by_o the_o organ_n of_o taste_v to_o which_o purpose_v nothing_o be_v so_o fit_a as_o the_o spungy_a pulp_n of_o the_o tongue_n moreover_o all_o the_o other_o sense_n be_v double_a and_o therefore_o nature_n though_o she_o have_v great_a reason_n to_o make_v the_o tongue_n single_a for_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o voice_n and_o such_o other_o circumstance_n as_o we_o have_v particularise_v in_o our_o history_n yet_o that_o it_o may_v be_v after_o a_o sort_n double_a she_o have_v draw_v a_o line_n through_o the_o midst_n whereby_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o a_o right_a side_n and_o a_o left_a on_o that_o manner_n there_o be_v no_o part_n in_o the_o mouth_n divide_v but_o in_o the_o mouth_n be_v the_o sense_n of_o taste_n and_o therefore_o it_o must_v belong_v only_o to_o the_o tongue_n qvest._n lxiii_o whether_o the_o tongue_n alone_o do_v taste_n we_o hauce_n prove_v that_o the_o flesh_n or_o pulp_n of_o the_o tongue_n be_v the_o true_a instrument_n of_o taste_v notwithstanding_o it_o be_v doubt_v whether_o this_o action_n belong_v only_o to_o this_o part_n or_o may_v also_o be_v communicate_v unto_o other_o that_o it_o may_v be_v communicate_v to_o other_o part_n some_o argument_n be_v urge_v first_o communicate_v that_o it_o may_v be_v communicate_v the_o taste_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o touch_v but_o touch_v be_v diffuse_v through_o all_o the_o body_n it_o may_v seem_v therefore_o that_o the_o taste_n be_v also_o diffuse_v through_o more_o part_n than_o one_o especial_o so_o far_o as_o the_o meat_n do_v attain_v that_o be_v into_o the_o mouth_n the_o gullet_n and_o stomach_n again_o there_o yssu_v out_o of_o the_o brain_n a_o soft_a nerve_n which_o be_v simple_a and_o single_a in_o his_o original_n but_o when_o it_o have_v pace_v a_o little_a forward_a from_o the_o skull_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o branch_n whereof_o one_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o tongue_n the_o other_o into_o the_o low_a part_n three_o we_o see_v that_o the_o stomach_n do_v reject_v and_o cast_v up_o some_o meat_n by_o vomit_n other_o it_o embrace_v and_o contain_v in_o like_a manner_n the_o gullet_n swallow_v some_o meat_n well_o and_o free_o other_o not_o without_o loathe_v and_o much_o difficulty_n yea_o some_o meat_n because_o of_o the_o enmity_n betwixt_o the_o stomach_n and_o their_o taste_n even_o after_o they_o be_v down_o be_v cast_v up_o again_o it_o may_v therefore_o be_v demand_v how_o this_o choice_n can_v be_v make_v this_o loathe_n or_o like_v stir_v up_o unless_o we_o say_v that_o the_o stomach_n and_o the_o gullet_n do_v taste_n and_o distinguish_v the_o difference_n of_o sapour_n add_v hereto_o the_o authority_n of_o aristotle_n who_o in_o the_o 11_o chapter_n of_o his_o four_o book_n departibus_fw-la animalium_fw-la say_v that_o fish_n in_o their_o swallow_a do_v take_v pleasure_n and_o have_v a_o sense_n of_o the_o meat_n that_o pass_v into_o their_o maw_n without_o doubt_v these_o argument_n be_v not_o to_o be_v contemn_v and_o yet_o we_o will_v make_v answer_n unto_o they_o to_o the_o first_o we_o say_v that_o though_o the_o taste_v be_v a_o kind_n of_o touch_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a first_o answer_v to_o the_o first_o that_o it_o shall_v in_o all_o condition_n answer_v or_o be_v proportionable_a to_o the_o touch._n to_o the_o second_o that_o although_o the_o nerve_n which_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o tongue_n do_v transmit_v second_o to_o the_o second_o another_o branch_n to_o the_o gullet_n and_o the_o stomach_n yet_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v that_o the_o gullet_n and_o the_o stomach_n must_v taste_v for_o the_o soft_a nerve_n do_v transport_v the_o faculty_n of_o sensation_n yet_o that_o the_o eye_n see_v colour_n the_o ear_n hear_v sound_n the_o nose_n perceive_v odour_n or_o savour_n be_v not_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o nerve_n but_o because_o of_o the_o disposition_n and_o temperament_n of_o organ_n the_o difference_n of_o the_o sense_n depend_v on_o the_o diversity_n of_o the_o organ_n the_o organ_n for_o the_o faculty_n of_o sensation_n be_v every_o where_o one_o and_o the_o same_o neither_o be_v there_o any_o difference_n in_o the_o faculty_n whereby_o we_o hear_v nor_o in_o the_o faculty_n whereby_o we_o smell_v from_o the_o faculty_n whereby_o we_o taste_v but_o all_o the_o difference_n arise_v from_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o organ_n the_o foot_n will_v see_v and_o the_o elbow_n will_v hear_v and_o the_o side_n will_v smell_v and_o the_o crown_n will_v taste_v if_o in_o these_o part_n there_o be_v a_o disposition_n to_o receive_v the_o object_n of_o these_o sense_n in_o like_a manner_n although_o the_o gullet_n and_o the_o stomach_n do_v receive_v a_o soft_a nerve_n yet_o the_o gullet_n and_o the_o stomach_n do_v not_o taste_v because_o they_o be_v not_o dispose_v thereto_o but_o the_o reason_n why_o nature_n have_v give_v they_o this_o soft_a nerve_n we_o may_v find_v in_o galens_n 2_o chapter_n of_o his_o 16._o book_n
de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la to_o wit_n because_o they_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o a_o exactness_n of_o sensation_n now_o say_v galen_n those_o part_n which_o have_v need_n of_o exact_a sense_n have_v all_o of_o they_o receyve_v soft_a nerve_n from_o this_o that_o have_v be_v say_v we_o may_v shape_v answer_n unto_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o argument_n three_o to_o the_o three_o that_o the_o gullet_n swallow_v some_o meat_n and_o loathe_v other_o that_o the_o stomach_n retain_v some_o meat_n and_o cast_v up_o other_o we_o ascribe_v unto_o the_o pleasure_n or_o pain_n which_o they_o feel_v from_o the_o tactile_a quality_n for_o of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n of_o man_n none_o have_v the_o sense_n of_o touch_v so_o exquisite_a as_o the_o stomach_n for_o beside_o that_o it_o be_v membranous_a it_o have_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o branch_n of_o nerve_n insert_v thereinto_o that_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o it_o kick_v against_o the_o least_o offence_n so_o if_o we_o thrust_v our_o finger_n into_o our_o throat_n we_o can_v procure_v a_o vomit_n other_o why_o the_o stomach_n cast_v up_o some_o meat_n &_o retein_v other_o not_o that_o we_o make_v our_o stomach_n loath_a any_o thing_n but_o because_o the_o tactile_a quality_n do_v urge_v and_o provoke_v a_o sensible_a part_n we_o also_o may_v say_v that_o because_o of_o the_o contiguity_n of_o part_n the_o stomach_n be_v forewarn_v by_o the_o tongue_n so_o that_o the_o tongue_n perceive_v any_o horrid_a or_o unpleasant_a savour_n communicate_v the_o sensation_n to_o the_o stomach_n forewarn_v it_o of_o a_o approach_a enemy_n which_o thereupon_o stir_v up_o itself_o as_o it_o be_v to_o battle_n yerk_v against_o it_o and_o cast_v it_o forth_o and_o to_o say_v true_a there_o be_v such_o a_o instinct_n in_o nature_n breed_v argument_n another_o answer_n to_o the_o argument_n and_o settle_v in_o those_o part_n for_o we_o may_v not_o attribute_v the_o sense_n of_o taste_v to_o the_o gullet_n or_o stomach_n because_o if_o these_o part_n have_v taste_v the_o sick_a man_n that_o take_v a_o pill_n or_o bowl_n wrap_v up_o in_o sugar_n wuold_v never_o retain_v it_o which_o if_o he_o take_v without_o sugar_n he_o present_o cast_v up_o again_o and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o when_o they_o be_v not_o roll_v in_o sugar_n or_o otherwise_o make_v sweet_a their_o bitter_a or_o unpleasant_a sapor_n be_v perceyve_v by_o the_o tongue_n &_o warn_v thereof_o pill_n of_o the_o swallow_a of_o pill_n give_v to_o the_o stomach_n they_o be_v retain_v be_v sweeten_v because_o that_o ill_a taste_n be_v obscure_v and_o so_o the_o tongue_n deceive_v be_v now_o arrive_v into_o the_o gullet_n or_o the_o stomach_n although_o the_o sugar_n melt_v from_o they_o yet_o they_o be_v not_o cast_v up_o again_o because_o the_o stomach_n do_v not_o perceive_v their_o sapor_n and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o when_o we_o will_v let_v down_o any_o unsavoury_a thing_n into_o the_o stomach_n we_o endeavour_n not_o to_o touch_v the_o tongue_n more_o than_o of_o necessity_n lest_o it_o shall_v be_v provoke_v thereby_o we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o neither_o the_o gullet_n nor_o the_o stomach_n do_v perceyve_v taste_n or_o sapour_n but_o only_o the_o tongue_n qvest._n lxiiii_o in_o what_o part_n of_o the_o tongue_n the_o taste_n be_v most_o exact_v have_v find_v out_o the_o organ_n of_o taste_v it_o remain_v in_o the_o last_o place_n to_o search_v in_o what_o part_n of_o the_o tongue_n the_o sense_n be_v most_o exact_v for_o there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o there_o be_v a_o great_a difference_n best_a that_o the_o backpart_n taste_v best_a there_o be_v some_o reason_n to_o persuade_v we_o that_o the_o backpart_n of_o the_o tongue_n do_v taste_v better_a than_o the_o forepart_n first_o because_o at_o the_o backpart_n of_o the_o tongue_n the_o almond_n be_v seat_v on_o either_o side_n which_o do_v receive_v the_o spittle_n and_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o moisture_n wherefore_o because_o the_o spittle_n do_v help_v this_o sense_n very_o much_o it_o be_v to_o be_v imagine_v that_o where_o there_o be_v most_o spittle_n there_o be_v best_a taste_v again_o the_o nerve_n which_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o backside_n of_o the_o tongue_n be_v great_a than_o those_o which_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o foreside_n yet_o aristotle_n hold_v the_o contrary_a and_o prove_v his_o part_n better_o for_o what_o can_v be_v more_o certain_a than_o experience_n if_o therefore_o we_o desire_v to_o taste_v any_o thing_n more_o curious_o we_o apply_v it_o to_o the_o tip_n of_o our_o tongue_n and_o if_o it_o fall_v towards_o the_o root_n we_o call_v it_o back_o again_o again_o when_o we_o be_v to_o swallow_v any_o thing_n who_o taste_n be_v displease_v to_o we_o we_o hasten_v it_o to_o the_o root_n of_o our_o tongue_n reason_n the_o contrary_a opinion_n aristotle_n reason_n as_o soon_o as_o we_o can_v the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o sense_n of_o taste_v be_v not_o there_o so_o exquisite_a moreover_o it_o be_v very_o reasonable_a that_o the_o taste_n shall_v be_v more_o perfect_a in_o the_o forepart_n because_o this_o sense_n be_v allow_v to_o the_o creature_n to_o discern_v hurtful_a taste_n and_o to_o avoid_v they_o but_o if_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o taste_n have_v be_v at_o the_o root_n that_o which_o be_v offensive_a may_v have_v slip_v down_o before_o we_o be_v aware_a whereas_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o tongue_n discern_v the_o difference_n best_o be_v also_o best_o able_a to_o free_v itself_o from_o that_o wherewith_o it_o be_v offend_v add_v hereto_o that_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o tongue_n be_v soft_a more_o spongy_a and_o better_o dispose_v to_o imbibe_n the_o humidity_n wherein_o the_o sapor_n be_v contain_v we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o taste_n be_v not_o in_o the_o root_n but_o in_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o tongue_n the_o argument_n that_o be_v bring_v to_o prove_v the_o contrary_n may_v easy_o be_v answer_v argument_n answer_v to_o the_o former_a argument_n for_o because_o there_o be_v so_o great_a a_o plenty_n of_o moisture_n at_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tongue_n therefore_o the_o best_a taste_n shall_v not_o be_v there_o for_o superfluous_a humidity_n do_v not_o quicken_v the_o taste_n but_o dull_v it_o neither_o do_v we_o deny_v but_o that_o the_o nerve_n be_v large_a at_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tongue_n but_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v that_o therefore_o the_o taste_n be_v there_o more_o perfect_a because_o in_o the_o forepart_n though_o the_o nerve_n be_v less_o yet_o they_o be_v more_o plentiful_a and_o abundant_a and_o therefore_o do_v cause_n the_o taste_n to_o be_v more_o perfect_a and_o thus_o we_o be_v come_v unto_o a_o end_n of_o these_o labyrinth_n concern_v the_o sense_n wherein_o we_o have_v be_v somewhat_o the_o more_o prolix_a that_o those_o which_o love_v the_o contemplative_a part_n of_o philosophy_n may_v have_v something_o wherewith_o to_o please_v their_o appetite_n it_o be_v true_a indeed_o that_o there_o be_v many_o passage_n in_o these_o controversy_n which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n we_o have_v take_v out_o of_o julius_n casserius_n placentinus_n which_o may_v well_o have_v befit_v the_o school_n themselves_o but_o we_o imagine_v that_o these_o our_o labour_n may_v happy_o fall_v into_o some_o man_n hand_n who_o will_v be_v willing_a to_o recognize_v those_o study_n which_o for_o better_a employment_n they_o have_v intermit_v a_o very_a few_o of_o which_o kind_n if_o i_o shall_v give_v contentment_n unto_o i_o will_v not_o think_v my_o labour_n ill_o bestow_v other_o man_n who_o do_v not_o understand_v they_o or_o else_o be_v better_a able_a than_o myself_o to_o satisfy_v themselves_o may_v turn_v over_o to_o that_o which_o shall_v be_v more_o fit_v for_o their_o disposition_n and_o so_o we_o will_v leave_v the_o head_n and_o sense_n and_o come_v unto_o the_o joint_n the_o end_n of_o the_o eight_o book_n of_o the_o sense_n and_o the_o controversy_n thereunto_o belong_v the_o nine_o book_n wherein_o the_o joint_n be_v brief_o describe_v the_o praeface_n in_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o man_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o wonderful_a than_o the_o structure_n and_o position_n of_o the_o joint_n nor_o any_o thing_n wherein_o a_o man_n do_v so_o much_o differ_v from_o all_o other_o creature_n the_o bowel_n be_v most_o what_o a_o like_a in_o all_o both_o for_o nutrition_n generation_n life_n and_o sense_n because_o all_o creature_n have_v like_o use_n of_o all_o those_o part_n as_o well_o reasonable_a as_o unreasonable_a the_o only_a thing_n which_o make_v the_o difference_n be_v the_o reasonable_a soul_n which_o be_v invisible_a a_o nature_n transcendent_a and_o above_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o body_n but_o the_o fashion_n and_o position_n of_o the_o joint_n whereby_o the_o body_n be_v lift_v up_o from_o the_o earth_n
together_o with_o the_o vain_a and_o artery_n be_v disperse_v into_o the_o inner_a muscle_n of_o the_o thigh_n the_o three_o low_o than_o the_o former_a disperse_v his_o favour_n to_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o yard_n and_o to_o some_o of_o the_o muscle_n also_o of_o the_o thigh_n not_o forget_v the_o skin_n of_o the_o lesk_n and_o afterward_o it_o determine_v in_o the_o neighbour_n muscle_n above_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o thigh_n the_o four_o which_o be_v the_o thick_a dry_a and_o strong_a of_o all_o the_o nerve_n have_v his_o original_n from_o the_o four_o upper_a spondell_n of_o the_o os_fw-la sacrum_fw-la or_o the_o holy_a bone_n glide_v along_o betwixt_o it_o and_o the_o hanche_fw-mi bone_n afford_v certain_a branch_n unto_o the_o neighbour_n part_n as_o unto_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o buttock_n and_o of_o the_o thigh_n and_o to_o the_o muscle_n contain_v under_o they_o afterward_o depart_v into_o two_o branch_n the_o lesser_a fall_v by_o the_o perone_n and_o give_v two_o shoot_v unto_o each_o toe_n the_o great_a stretch_v along_o the_o leg_n and_o the_o foot_n give_v likewise_o two_o branch_n to_o each_o toe_n but_o both_o these_o bough_n by_o the_o way_n as_o they_o pass_v do_v touch_n at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o muscle_n and_o at_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o leg_n and_o the_o foot_n and_o do_v tie_v they_o together_o and_o this_o shall_v serve_v for_o a_o short_a description_n of_o the_o vessel_n the_o muscle_n of_o the_o foot_n be_v diverse_a some_o bend_v the_o thigh_n extend_v it_o bring_v it_o to_o the_o body_n lead_v it_o from_o the_o body_n and_o turn_v it_o about_o other_o do_v move_v the_o leg_n with_o the_o self_n same_o kind_n of_o motion_n other_o bend_v and_o extend_v the_o foot_n itself_o final_o there_o be_v other_o which_o foot_n the_o muscle_n of_o the_o foot_n the_o bone_n of_o the_o foot_n move_v the_o toe_n of_o the_o foot_n the_o particular_a history_n of_o all_o which_o you_o may_v require_v in_o the_o next_o book_n of_o the_o muscle_n the_o bone_n of_o the_o foot_n be_v very_o many_o one_o of_o the_o thigh_n two_o of_o the_o leg_n call_v perone_n and_o tibia_fw-la together_o with_o the_o whirl_n bone_n of_o the_o knee_n the_o wrest_v of_o the_o foot_n call_v peatum_n have_v seven_o bone_n the_o afterwr_a call_v metapedium_fw-la have_v five_a and_o there_o be_v 14_o of_o the_o toe_n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v seedbone_n like_v to_o those_o which_o we_o find_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o all_o which_o we_o will_v give_v you_o satisfaction_n in_o our_o book_n of_o the_o bone_n chap._n x._o a_o explication_n of_o the_o dissimilar_v part_n of_o the_o whole_a foot_n the_o great_a foot_n be_v divide_v as_o the_o hand_n into_o three_o dissimilar_v part_n the_o femur_n or_o thigh_n the_o tibia_fw-la or_o legge_n and_o the_o pes_fw-la or_o foot_n the_o thigh_n be_v call_v femur_n acceptation_n the_o part_n of_o the_o foot_n in_o the_o large_a acceptation_n a_o ferendo_fw-la because_o the_o creature_n be_v therewith_o sustain_v or_o hold_v uppe_o the_o fleshy_a part_n be_v call_v by_o hypocrates_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o fore-parte_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o pulpie_n or_o fleshy_a part_n about_o the_o joint_n below_o be_v on_o the_o backside_n into_o which_o the_o knee_n be_v bend_v call_v pople_v the_o ham_n because_o it_o be_v fold_v post_n that_o be_v backward_o the_o forepart_n be_v call_v genus_fw-la that_o be_v the_o knee_n the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o foot_n from_o the_o knee_n to_o the_o heel_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o latin_a tibia_fw-la we_o call_v it_o the_o leg_n the_o forepart_n whereof_o antetibiale_a the_o shin_n the_o hinder_a and_o fleshy_a part_n sura_n the_o calf_n the_o two_o process_n without_o flesh_n near_o the_o bottom_n maleoli_n or_o the_o ankle_n the_o last_o part_n of_o the_o foot_n be_v call_v pes_fw-la paruus_fw-la &_o proper_o the_o foot_n because_o it_o be_v the_o basis_n or_o pedestal_n whereupon_o the_o whole_a body_n rest_v and_o it_o be_v the_o true_a organ_n or_o instrument_n of_o progression_n &_o as_o the_o hand_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n the_o wrest_v the_o afterwr_a and_o the_o toe_n the_o wrest_v be_v call_v pedium_fw-la and_o consist_v of_o seven_o bone_n four_o of_o which_o have_v proper_a name_n the_o other_o three_o none_o the_o forepart_n of_o this_o pedium_fw-la be_v call_v the_o instep_n the_o back_n part_n be_v round_o and_o be_v call_v calx_fw-la or_o the_o heel_n the_o low_a part_n of_o it_o be_v call_v calcaneum_fw-la because_o with_o it_o we_o do_v calcare_fw-la terram_fw-la tread_v upon_o the_o earth_n and_o we_o call_v it_o the_o pitch_n of_o the_o heel_n the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o foot_n consist_v of_o five_o bone_n and_o answer_v to_o the_o afterwr_a of_o the_o hand_n in_o latin_a it_o be_v call_v tarsus_n the_o low_a part_n of_o it_o be_v call_v the_o plant_n or_o the_o sole_n of_o the_o foot_n the_o upper_a part_n betwixt_o the_o instep_n and_o the_o toe_n be_v call_v pectus_fw-la or_o dorsum_fw-la pedis_fw-la the_o breast_n or_o back_n of_o the_o foot_n final_o the_o toe_n be_v five_o answer_v to_o the_o finger_n of_o the_o hand_n and_o have_v their_o own_o order_n make_v three_o rank_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d except_v the_o great_a toe_n these_o bone_n be_v join_v by_o ginglymos_n and_o have_v seedebone_n for_o their_o firm_a foot_n the_o use_n of_o the_o seed-bons_a in_o the_o foot_n articulation_n for_o these_o small_a bone_n make_v the_o foot_n strong_a when_o we_o stand_v still_o or_o walk_v on_o especial_o if_o our_o way_n be_v through_o sharp_a place_n where_o otherwise_o the_o toe_n may_v easy_o be_v lux_v if_o they_o can_v be_v turn_v back_o with_o stone_n or_o any_o other_o high_a or_o unequal_a substance_n whereupon_o we_o shall_v tread_v and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a and_o succinct_a description_n of_o the_o joint_n wherewith_o we_o desire_v the_o reader_n to_o rest_v content_v at_o this_o time_n because_o he_o shall_v find_v a_o more_o accurate_a delineation_n of_o all_o the_o part_n of_o they_o in_o their_o several_a place_n in_o the_o tract_n follow_v begin_v with_o the_o most_o compound_a part_n and_o so_o proceed_v till_o we_o come_v unto_o the_o most_o simple_a and_o similar_v the_o end_n of_o the_o nine_o book_n of_o the_o joint_n the_o ten_o book_n of_o flesh_n that_o be_v of_o the_o muscle_n the_o bowel_n and_o the_o glandule_n the_o praeface_n as_o our_o ability_n time_n &_o avocation_n have_v give_v we_o leave_v we_o have_v go_v through_o our_o first_o division_n of_o the_o body_n of_o man_n into_o the_o three_o region_n natural_a vital_a and_o animal_n and_o the_o joint_n it_o remain_v now_o that_o we_o dissolve_v every_o one_o of_o these_o into_o those_o part_n whereof_o they_o be_v compound_v lay_v each_o apart_o by_o themselves_o that_o their_o nature_n and_o difference_n may_v better_o appear_v in_o this_o analysis_n or_o resolution_n we_o will_v first_o begin_v with_o the_o flesh_n which_o beside_o that_o it_o make_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o bulk_n of_o the_o body_n be_v also_o somewhat_o more_o compound_v than_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o similar_v part_n next_o we_o will_v entreat_v of_o the_o vessel_n that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o the_o vein_n artery_n and_o sinew_n for_o these_o be_v the_o river_n or_o brook_n which_o convey_v the_o blood_n the_o spirit_n the_o heat_n the_o life_n the_o motion_n and_o the_o sense_n into_o all_o the_o part_n and_o corner_n of_o this_o little_a world_n afterward_o we_o will_v descend_v unto_o the_o gristle_n ligament_n membrane_n and_o fibre_n part_n not_o only_o spermaticall_a and_o similar_v but_o also_o simple_a that_o be_v not_o organical_a last_o of_o all_o we_o will_v come_v unto_o the_o bone_n that_o be_v to_o the_o foundation_n of_o this_o goodly_a structure_n the_o pedestal_n or_o column_n upon_o which_o the_o frame_n of_o the_o body_n of_o man_n be_v rear_v and_o whereby_o it_o be_v strengthen_v and_o support_v i_o know_v well_o that_o some_o anatomist_n of_o the_o best_a note_n have_v in_o their_o delivery_n of_o this_o art_n quite_o invert_v this_o order_n which_o we_o have_v propose_v unto_o ourselves_o begin_v first_o with_o the_o bone_n and_o so_o ascend_v by_o the_o gristle_n ligament_n membrane_n vessel_n and_o flesh_n unto_o the_o three_o region_n and_o the_o joint_n which_o method_n be_v geneticall_a we_o conceive_v to_o be_v rather_o the_o way_n of_o nature_n then_o of_o art_n for_o nature_n first_o line_v out_o of_o the_o mass_n of_o seed_n the_o warp_n of_o the_o body_n and_o after_o with_o the_o woof_n fill_v up_o the_o empty_a distance_n first_o she_o lay_v the_o foundation_n raise_v the_o story_n
be_v into_o the_o lateral_a or_o side_n part_n thereof_o and_o they_o be_v sometime_o perforate_v in_o the_o midst_n to_o give_v way_n to_o the_o muscle_n which_o open_v the_o jaw_n they_o move_v the_o bone_n towards_o the_o side_n and_o somewhat_o upward_o the_o four_o pair_n be_v call_v coracohyoeidei_n tab._n 6._o fig._n 2._o v._o v._o tab._n 7_o fig._n 3_o v_z v_o they_o lie_v lurk_v under_o the_o four_o muscle_n of_o the_o shoulderblade_n as_o vesalius_n and_o platerus_n have_v note_v pair_n the_o 4._o pair_n they_o be_v slender_a and_o long_a and_o do_v arise_v out_o of_o the_o process_n call_v carocoeides_n at_o the_o upper_a end_n of_o the_o shoulderblade_n near_o his_o neck_n and_o do_v run_v oblique_o upwarde_a under_o the_o seven_o muscle_n of_o the_o head_n and_o be_v implant_v where_o the_o three_o pair_n be_v into_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o low_a process_n of_o the_o bone_n hyois_fw-fr and_o these_o draw_v downward_o unto_o the_o side_n this_o be_v a_o long_a pair_n on_o either_o side_n fleshy_a and_o have_v a_o double_a belly_n and_o therefore_o galen_n call_v they_o digastrick_n but_o in_o the_o middle_n they_o be_v slender_a and_o nervous_a as_o be_v the_o four_o muscle_n of_o the_o jaw_n and_o the_o five_o proper_a muscle_n of_o the_o larynx_n and_o extenuate_v into_o the_o form_n almost_o of_o a_o tendon_n haply_o to_o give_v way_n to_o the_o seven_o muscle_n of_o the_o head_n which_o here_o run_v over_o he_o k_o as_o to_o his_o better_a concern_v the_o use_n of_o these_o muscle_n we_o crave_v leave_v to_o add_v yet_o a_o little_a more_o some_o think_v they_o be_v not_o ordain_v for_o motion_n but_o rather_o for_o tension_n to_o tie_v establish_v &_o suspend_v arantius_n a_o addition_n concern_v the_o use_n of_o these_o muscle_n laurentius_n archangelus_n arantius_n the_o bone_n hyoide_v so_o say_v laurentius_n other_o as_o archangelus_n think_v they_o serve_v for_o diglutition_n and_o that_o they_o be_v the_o proper_a muscle_n of_o the_o hyois_n other_o as_o arantius_n because_o this_o bone_n be_v the_o basis_n of_o the_o tongue_n and_o because_o the_o basis_n of_o any_o thing_n can_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v move_v but_o that_o also_o must_v be_v move_v which_o be_v establish_v upon_o that_o basis_n do_v thence_o determine_v that_o these_o muscle_n do_v move_v the_o tongue_n and_o so_o much_o the_o rather_o because_o the_o manifold_a and_o frequent_a motion_n of_o the_o tongue_n can_v hardly_o be_v imagine_v to_o be_v accomplish_v by_o so_o few_o and_o so_o small_a muscle_n as_o determine_v or_o end_v in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o tongue_n wherefore_o these_o may_v be_v call_v the_o common_a muscle_n of_o the_o tongue_n and_o the_o hyois_n into_o which_o certain_a nerve_n be_v distribute_v from_o the_o sixth_o conjugation_n chap._n xviii_o of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o tongue_n the_o tongue_n have_v three_o end_n in_o nature_n to_o speak_v to_o taste_v and_o to_o roll_v the_o meat_n in_o the_o mouth_n which_o can_v be_v perform_v without_o motion_n and_o therefore_o nature_n have_v allot_v unto_o it_o muscle_n which_o from_o those_o three_o action_n may_v be_v call_v the_o tongue_n three_o use_n of_o the_o tongue_n talker_n the_o taster_n and_o the_o ruler_n of_o meat_n in_o man_n the_o especial_a end_n of_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o tongue_n and_o of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o same_o be_v for_o speech_n as_o in_o beast_n for_o taste_v for_o because_o they_o want_v hand_n wherewith_o to_o reach_v their_o meat_n or_o â—other_a unto_o their_o taste_n it_o be_v necessary_a they_o shall_v be_v able_a with_o their_o tongue_n to_o lick_v and_o gather_v it_o of_o the_o earth_n but_o man_n man_n the_o especial_o use_v in_o man_n be_v able_a to_o taste_v without_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o tongue_n because_o he_o have_v hand_n wherewith_o to_o bring_v that_o he_o will_v taste_v unto_o the_o instrument_n or_o organ_n of_o the_o sense_n but_o both_o of_o they_o have_v necessary_a use_n of_o it_o in_o roll_a and_o return_v the_o meat_n again_o unto_o the_o tooth_n which_o fall_v from_o they_o into_o the_o space_n of_o the_o mouth_n wherefore_o that_o it_o may_v answer_v those_o intention_n it_o be_v make_v movable_a and_o have_v therefore_o muscle_n and_o not_o muscle_n only_o but_o also_o a_o figure_n fit_a for_o motion_n some_o part_n be_v thin_a than_o other_o yet_o because_o it_o shall_v not_o move_v beyond_o his_o teather_n nature_n have_v restrain_v it_o with_o a_o ligament_n that_o the_o body_n of_o it_o which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o diverse_a fibre_n it_o have_v tongue_n the_o bridle_n of_o the_o tongue_n be_v infinite_o dispose_v to_o motion_n and_o agitation_n may_v roll_v upon_o that_o axletree_n or_o turn_v upon_o those_o hinge_n only_o but_o of_o those_o thing_n we_o have_v speak_v sufficient_o heretofore_o except_v of_o the_o muscle_n who_o proper_a place_n this_o be_v the_o muscle_n therefore_o of_o the_o tongue_n be_v double_a some_o be_v common_a other_o proper_a those_o be_v esteem_v to_o be_v common_a which_o have_v already_o be_v say_v to_o belong_v to_o the_o bone_n double_a muscle_n of_o the_o tongue_n double_a hyois_fw-fr unto_o which_o the_o three_o pair_n also_o now_o to_o be_v mention_v may_v happy_o be_v refer_v and_o those_o proper_a which_o have_v their_o original_n other_o where_n do_v determine_v and_o end_v in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o tongue_n the_o first_o pair_n be_v call_v styloglossi_n or_o the_o auger-tongue_n muscle_n tab_n 8._o fig_n 1_o &_o 2_o p_o galen_n dissect_v muscul_fw-la 14_o calleththem_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v transuerse_a they_o have_v slender_a original_n pair_n the_o 1._o pair_n from_o the_o utter_a face_n of_o the_o appendix_n styloeides_n as_o the_o four_o pair_n of_o the_o throat_n from_o the_o inside_n of_o it_o and_o be_v implant_v with_o transuerse_a fibre_n into_o both_o side_n of_o the_o tongue_n about_o the_o middle_n thereof_o yea_o they_o proceed_v forward_o and_o attain_v unto_o the_o top_n of_o the_o tongue_n and_o when_o the_o tongue_n be_v lill_v out_o they_o draw_v it_o in_o again_o but_o because_o their_o fibres_fw-fr be_v so_o weave_v one_o within_o another_o when_o both_o of_o they_o be_v at_o once_o contract_v towards_o their_o original_n they_o lift_v the_o tongue_n direct_o upward_o but_o when_o one_o of_o they_o only_o work_v than_o be_v the_o tongue_n lead_v upward_o to_o one_o side_n only_o tab._n 8._o be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o in_o lib._n 8._o fol._n 643._o the_o second_o pair_n be_v call_v myloglossi_n or_o the_o grinder-tongue_n muscle_n tab_v 8._o fig._n 1._o and_o 2._o g._n they_o arise_v with_o abroad_o and_o invert_v original_a and_o transuerfe_n fibre_n from_o the_o side_n pair_n the_o 2._o pair_n of_o the_o low_a jaw_n near_o the_o root_n of_o the_o grind_a tooth_n call_v molares_fw-la and_o be_v insert_v on_o both_o side_n into_o the_o length_n of_o the_o ligament_n which_o be_v under_o the_o basis_n or_o foundation_n of_o the_o tongue_n and_o degenerate_v into_o the_o bridle_n by_o which_o the_o tongue_n be_v tie_v to_o the_o chap_n when_o one_o of_o these_o work_v we_o turn_v the_o tongue_n upward_o and_o oblique_o but_o when_o both_o of_o they_o move_v than_o the_o tip_n be_v direct_o lift_v upward_o to_o the_o palate_n and_o upper_a tooth_n sometime_o this_o pair_n double_v the_o tongue_n or_o make_v it_o hollow_a like_o a_o gutter_n and_o sustain_v it_o so_o in_o form_n of_o a_o compass_a bow_n to_o the_o palate_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o ligament_n and_o bridle_n become_v somewhat_o rigid_a or_o stiff_a and_o if_o the_o second_o pair_n belong_v to_o the_o bone_n hyois_fw-fr do_v work_n with_o they_o than_o the_o tongue_n become_v more_o narrow_a and_o solid_a and_o be_v exert_v or_o thru_v forth_o to_o his_o extent_n beyond_o the_o lip_n the_o three_o pair_n be_v call_v genuoglossi_n or_o the_o chin-tongue_n muscle_n tab_v 8._o fig._n 1._o and_o 2_o h._n they_o arise_v with_o a_o narrow_a beginning_n from_o a_o asperitie_n or_o roughness_n in_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o pair_n the_o 3._o pair_n midst_n of_o the_o chin_n afterward_o they_o become_v broad_a and_o replenish_v with_o right_a fibre_n &_o be_v implant_v into_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o tongue_n the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o at_o the_o root_n yet_o some_o part_n of_o they_o run_v out_o towards_o the_o tip_n so_o that_o the_o diverse_a part_n of_o the_o same_o muscle_n do_v work_v use_n their_o contrary_a use_n contrary_o for_o the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o fibre_n be_v draw_v towards_o their_o origin_n all_o thrust_v the_o tongue_n beyond_o the_o tooth_n and_o the_o lip_n although_o auerrhoe_n think_v that_o a_o proper_a motion_n of_o the_o tongue_n the_o lesser_a part_n in_o their_o action_n draw_v it_o again_o inward_a
12_o unto_o the_o muscle_n thereof_o and_o another_o inward_a call_v pudenda_fw-la tab_v 21_o ν_fw-gr tab_v 17_o char_n 15_o which_o issue_v from_o the_o artery_n sometime_o within_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la sometime_o without_o and_o run_v along_o the_o share-bone_n but_o of_o these_o we_o have_v speak_v before_o in_o the_o 15_o chapter_n and_o repeat_v they_o brief_o here_o to_o make_v better_a way_n unto_o that_o which_o follow_v the_o iliacke_a trunk_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n when_o it_o have_v pass_v through_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la and_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o belly_n into_o the_o thigh_n be_v call_v cruralis_fw-la tab_v 21_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d tab_v 17_o char_n 16._o &_o from_o it_o branch_n on_o either_o side_n be_v propagate_v and_o disseminated_a into_o the_o whole_a foot_n eight_o in_o number_n the_o first_o be_v call_v muscula_n cruralis_fw-la exterior_a the_o utter_a crurall_a muscle_n artery_n tab_v 21_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ext_a must_n cru_n ext_a itissu_v out_o of_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o crural_a trunk_n and_o run_v downward_o be_v consume_v into_o the_o four_o muscle_n that_o compass_v the_o bone_n of_o the_o thigh_n table_n 21_o show_n the_o distribution_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n into_o both_o the_o foot_n tabula_fw-la xxi_o the_o three_o be_v call_v poplitaea_n tab._n 21._o â—_o the_o crurall_a trunk_n creep_v downward_o under_o poplitaea_n poplitaea_n the_o ham_n be_v accompany_v with_o â—_o large_a vein_n make_v this_o propagation_n some_o surcle_n thereof_o run_v out_o into_o the_o backward_a muscle_n of_o the_o thigh_n the_o rest_n descend_v a_o good_a way_n to_o the_o ham-veyne_n the_o four_o be_v call_v suralis_fw-la the_o trunk_n lurk_v in_o the_o ham_n or_o a_o little_a under_o it_o shoot_v suralis_fw-la suralis_fw-la out_o on_o each_o side_n a_o deep_a propagation_n tab_v 21_o δδ_n which_o be_v consume_v partly_o in_o the_o joint_n of_o the_o knee_n partly_o into_o three_o muscle_n of_o the_o foot_n which_o make_v the_o calf_n and_o take_v their_o original_n there_o about_o and_o these_o be_v the_o four_o vein_n which_o arise_v from_o the_o trunk_n in_o the_o region_n of_o the_o thigh_n from_o hence_o it_o descend_v to_o the_o ham_n tab_v 21_o θ_o together_o with_o the_o interior_a vein_n partly_o to_o the_o leg_n and_o partly_o to_o the_o foot_n when_o it_o be_v drench_v within_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o leg_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o notable_a branch_n tab_v 21_o λ_n σ_n Ï€._n the_o five_o which_o be_v the_o first_o of_o these_o three_o δ_n be_v call_v tibiaea_n exterior_a the_o outward_a leg_n artery_n it_o be_v a_o notable_a branch_n arise_v from_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o trunk_n be_v accompany_v exterior_a tibiaea_n exterior_a with_o the_o large_a branch_n of_o the_o utter_a vein_n and_o so_o descend_v along_o the_o fibula_fw-la or_o brace_n &_o be_v consume_v into_o the_o muscle_n which_o occupy_v the_o leg_n as_o far_o as_o they_o be_v fleshy_a the_o sixth_o crurall_a artery_n be_v the_o second_o of_o the_o forename_a branch_n ta_fw-la 21._o σ_n and_o be_v call_v tibiaea_n posterior_n elatior_fw-la the_o upper_a and_o back_a leg_n artery_n it_o yssu_v a_o little_a below_o the_o elatior_fw-la tibiaea_n posterior_n elatior_fw-la former_a out_o of_o the_o back_a and_o low_a part_n of_o the_o trunk_n and_o descend_v as_o far_o as_o to_o the_o commixtion_n of_o the_o tendon_n of_o the_o muscle_n that_o make_v the_o calf_n be_v accompany_v with_o the_o hinder_a branch_n of_o the_o interior_a vein_n the_o seven_o which_o be_v the_o three_o and_o last_o of_o the_o aforesaid_a branch_n ta._n 21._o Ï€_n be_v call_v humilior_fw-la tibiaea_n posterior_n &_o humilior_fw-la tibiaea_n posterior_n et_fw-la humilior_fw-la the_o low_a and_o back_a leg_n artery_n it_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o backward_a and_o exterior_a part_n of_o the_o trunk_n and_o be_v accompany_v through_o the_o membranous_a ligament_n with_o the_o forebranch_n of_o the_o inner_a vein_n which_o join_v the_o brace_n unto_o the_o leg_n it_o be_v hide_v within_o the_o muscle_n and_o run_v forward_a and_o downward_o further_a than_o the_o other_o two_o till_o it_o pass_v the_o transuerse_a ligament_n and_o attain_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o foot_n table_n 21._o q_o from_o whence_o it_o be_v disseminated_a into_o the_o muscle_n that_o lead_v the_o toe_n backward_o at_o which_o place_n vessalius_n and_o platerus_n say_v that_o the_o pulse_n may_v be_v easy_o feel_v the_o eight_o artery_n of_o the_o leg_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o remaynder_n of_o the_o crurall_a trunk_n be_v what_o the_o eight_o artery_n be_v descend_v along_o the_o backside_n of_o the_o tibea_n or_o leg_n tab_v 21._o the_o low_a ξ_n betwixt_o the_o 2._o and_o 3._o muscle_n of_o the_o toe_n and_o so_o it_o pass_v betwixt_o the_o heel_n &_o the_o inner_a ankle_n unto_o the_o sole_n of_o the_o foot_n but_o at_o the_o inner_a ankle_n it_o offer_v a_o branch_n to_o the_o foot_n ta_fw-la 21._o ψ_n which_o reach_v to_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o great_a toe_n and_o creep_v a_o good_a way_n upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o foot_n that_o which_o be_v leave_v ta._n 21._o ω_fw-gr among_o the_o tendon_n of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o toe_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o branch_n ab_fw-la each_o of_o which_o depart_v into_o 5._o surcle_n for_o the_o inner_a branch_n c_o afford_v two_o to_o the_o great_a toe_n two_o to_o that_o next_o it_o and_o one_o to_o the_o middle_n the_o exterior_a b_o offer_v two_o to_o the_o little_a toe_n two_o to_o that_o next_o it_o and_o one_o to_o the_o middle_a toe_n do_v and_o the_o low_a side_n thereof_o and_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o distribution_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n throughout_o the_o whole_a body_n it_o remain_v that_o we_o come_v unto_o the_o three_o sort_n of_o vessel_n which_o be_v the_o nerve_n for_o who_o prosecution_n we_o have_v set_v aside_o the_o three_o part_n of_o this_o book_n the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o eleaventh_o book_n concern_v the_o nerve_n chap._n xxi_o of_o nerve_n in_o general_n as_o the_o natural_a faculty_n together_o with_o the_o blood_n and_o the_o thick_a spirit_n be_v derive_v through_o the_o vein_n the_o vital_a with_o blood_n and_o a_o thin_a spirit_n through_o the_o artery_n as_o through_o canales_n and_o watercourse_n into_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n so_o the_o animal_n faculty_n that_o be_v of_o sense_n and_o motion_n be_v convey_v into_o those_o part_n which_o be_v capable_a thereof_o with_o a_o subtle_a and_o fine_a spirit_n along_o by_o the_o nerve_n as_o it_o be_v by_o the_o string_n of_o a_o instrument_n the_o nature_n use_v and_o division_n of_o the_o vein_n and_o artery_n we_o have_v unfold_v in_o the_o two_o former_a part_n of_o this_o book_n and_o be_v come_v in_o this_o place_n to_o the_o structure_n difference_n and_o divarication_n of_o the_o nerve_n the_o grecian_n call_v nerve_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o acception_n of_o which_o word_n among_o the_o physician_n kind_n the_o name_n of_o nerve_n and_o their_o kind_n be_v manifold_a erotianus_n think_v that_o hypocrates_n use_v the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o all_o sort_n of_o vessel_n vein_n artery_n and_o nerve_n galen_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr motu_fw-la musculorum_fw-la in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr ossibus_fw-la and_o in_o many_o other_o place_n make_v three_o kind_n of_o nerve_n which_o appear_v without_o blood_n and_o without_o any_o hollowness_n of_o these_o nerve_n some_o proceed_v out_o of_o bones_o other_o out_o of_o muscle_n other_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n those_o which_o issue_n out_o of_o the_o bone_n &_o their_o protuberation_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d vincula_fw-la tie_v band_n or_o ligament_n of_o these_o we_o shall_v hear_v particular_o in_o the_o next_o book_n those_o nerve_n that_o issue_n out_o of_o muscle_n be_v part_n of_o the_o muscle_n and_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v nervous_a propagation_n and_o tendon_n now_o a_o tendon_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o excressence_n or_o out-growing_a of_o the_o fibre_n of_o a_o ligament_n and_o a_o nerve_n which_o be_v sprinkle_v through_o the_o flesh_n do_v meet_v together_o as_o it_o be_v in_o one_o chord_n by_o which_o chord_n the_o loynt_n be_v lead_v according_a to_o the_o good_a pleasure_n of_o our_o will_n the_o three_o kind_n of_o nerve_n be_v those_o which_o the_o physician_n do_v proper_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o that_o from_o their_o office_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o they_o do_v nutare_fw-la sive_fw-la flectere_fw-la that_o be_v incline_v or_o bend_v and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o they_o do_v tendere_fw-la that_o be_v stretch_v these_o nerve_n do_v
already_o declare_v do_v sufficient_o witness_v but_o as_o hypocrates_n erasistratus_n when_o he_o be_v wise_a herophilus_n galen_n and_o most_o anatomist_n do_v agree_v from_o the_o brain_n from_o which_o also_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n draw_v his_o original_n from_o the_o brain_n i_o say_v which_o be_v manifest_v as_o well_o by_o sense_n in_o the_o dissection_n thereof_o where_o we_o see_v many_o river_n of_o nerve_n in_o the_o brain_n to_o which_o those_o of_o the_o body_n be_v continuate_v as_o also_o because_o their_o substance_n be_v marrowy_a alike_o and_o clothe_v each_o of_o they_o with_o two_o membrane_n moreover_o the_o affect_n or_o disease_n of_o the_o head_n do_v manifest_o prove_v that_o all_o sense_n and_o motion_n do_v flow_v from_o the_o brain_n so_o in_o the_o apoplexy_n which_o be_v cause_v by_o a_o obstruction_n of_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o animal_n faculty_n be_v instant_o intercept_v albeit_o the_o heart_n be_v altogether_o indemnify_v so_o in_o the_o epilepsy_n or_o fall_v sickness_n where_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n from_o whence_o the_o nerve_n do_v issue_n be_v affect_v the_o whole_a body_n be_v draw_v into_o convulsion_n which_o be_v nothing_o so_o when_o the_o heart_n be_v affect_v but_o we_o say_v before_o that_o a_o beginning_n be_v double_a one_o of_o generation_n another_o of_o dispensation_n double_a a_o original_n double_a in_o respect_n of_o their_o generation_n their_o beginning_n be_v seed_n of_o which_o as_o of_o their_o immediate_a matter_n they_o be_v frame_v in_o respect_n of_o their_o dispensation_n their_o beginning_n be_v in_o the_o brain_n together_o i_o mean_v with_o the_o after-brayne_n which_o be_v the_o original_a à _fw-fr quo_fw-la from_o which_o those_o pipe_n if_o so_o you_o listen_v to_o call_v they_o which_o receive_v sense_n and_o motion_n be_v distribute_v into_o the_o body_n as_o the_o part_n stand_v in_o need_n of_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o or_o both_o again_o the_o nerve_n be_v say_v to_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n some_o proceed_n from_o the_o brain_n nerve_n the_o difference_n of_o nerve_n some_o from_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n and_o of_o these_o again_o some_o from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o spinall_n marrow_n that_o be_v be_v yet_o contain_v in_o the_o scull_n other_o in_o the_o spinall_n marrow_n which_o be_v in_o the_o rackbone_n of_o the_o chine_n again_o of_o these_o some_o belong_v to_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o neck_n some_o of_o the_o chest_n some_o of_o the_o loin_n and_o some_o of_o the_o os_fw-la sacrum_fw-la or_o holybone_n to_o which_o also_o we_o may_v adjoine_v the_o nerve_n of_o the_o joint_n bauhine_v in_o this_o place_n interpose_v his_o own_o opinion_n which_o be_v that_o all_o nerve_n do_v issue_n he_o bauhine_v opinion_n of_o the_o original_n of_o nerve_n 8._o several_a opinion_n quote_v by_o he_o from_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n oblongate_v or_o lengthen_v out_o some_o while_o it_o remain_v yet_o in_o the_o scull_n and_o some_o after_o but_o withal_o he_o make_v mention_n of_o diverse_a opinion_n both_o of_o the_o ancient_n and_o late_a writer_n concern_v the_o original_n of_o the_o nerve_n which_o discourse_n of_o his_o we_o will_v here_o transcribe_v but_o contract_n it_o as_o brief_o as_o we_o can_v he_o reckon_v therefore_o eight_o opinion_n for_o the_o nine_o we_o think_v not_o worthy_a to_o be_v remember_v the_o first_o be_v of_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la ossium_fw-la in_o the_o very_a beginning_n where_o hypocrates_n hypocrates_n he_o say_v that_o the_o original_n of_o the_o nerve_n be_v from_o the_o noll_n unto_o the_o spine_n the_o hip_n the_o share_n the_o thigh_n the_o arm_n the_o leg_n and_o the_o foot_n the_o second_o be_v aristotle_n who_o in_o many_o place_n deliver_v that_o they_o arise_v from_o the_o heart_n because_o in_o it_o there_o be_v abundance_n of_o nerve_n for_o which_o he_o mistake_v the_o fibre_n and_o because_o aristotle_n aristotle_n from_o thence_o motion_n do_v arise_v and_o under_o his_o ensign_n alexander_n avicen_n and_o the_o whole_a school_n of_o the_o peripatetic_n do_v merit_n or_o band_n themselves_o this_o opinion_n of_o aristotle_n auerhoe_n and_o aponensis_n with_o some_o other_o do_v maintain_v indeed_o but_o with_o a_o distinction_n affirm_v that_o they_o issue_n from_o the_o hart_n mediante_fw-la cerebro_fw-la by_o the_o mediation_n of_o the_o brain_n or_o that_o they_o arise_v from_o the_o heart_n and_o be_v multiply_v and_o propagate_v in_o the_o brain_n the_o three_o be_v that_o of_o praxagoras_n who_o think_v that_o the_o nerve_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o praxagoras_n praxagoras_n extenuate_v artery_n the_o four_o of_o erasistratus_n who_o think_v they_o yssue_v from_o the_o dura_n meninx_n but_o in_o his_o erasistratus_n erasistratus_n age_n he_o change_v his_o mind_n as_o galen_n witness_v of_o he_o the_o five_o be_v galens_n who_o determine_v that_o the_o nerve_n and_o the_o spinal_a marrow_n do_v proceed_v galen_n galen_n from_o the_o brain_n the_o sixth_o be_v that_o of_o vesalius_n who_o say_v that_o some_o nerve_n issue_v out_o of_o the_o scull_n other_o vessalius_n vessalius_n out_o of_o the_o rack_n of_o the_o spine_n those_o that_o proceed_v out_o of_o the_o scull_n do_v arise_v from_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o brain_n or_o from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o spinal_a marrow_n before_o it_o enter_v into_o the_o spondelle_n the_o rest_n from_o the_o spinall_n marrow_n remain_v within_o the_o rackebone_n the_o seven_o be_v falopius_n his_o opinion_n in_o his_o observation_n where_o he_o say_v that_o some_o falopius_fw-la falopius_fw-la nerve_n as_o those_o that_o be_v soft_a do_v arise_v from_o the_o brain_n or_o the_o marrow_n within_o the_o skull_n other_o from_o the_o spinall_n marrow_n the_o eight_o be_v varolius_n opinion_n who_o say_v that_o all_o nerve_n do_v take_v their_o original_n from_o the_o spinall_n marrow_n which_o proceed_v from_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o after-brayne_n and_o with_o varolius_fw-la varolius_fw-la he_o do_v platerus_n archangelus_n and_o laurentius_n upon_o the_o matter_n consent_n as_o also_o do_v bauhine_v as_o you_o have_v hear_v before_o the_o nerve_n therefore_o which_o issue_n from_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n contain_v yet_o within_o the_o scull_n be_v common_o account_v 7_o pair_n according_a to_o galen_n some_o make_v nine_o coniugation_n which_o be_v call_v nerui_fw-la cerebri_fw-la the_o nerve_n of_o the_o brain_n which_o may_v be_v express_v in_o this_o distich_n optica_fw-la prima_fw-la oculos_fw-la movit_fw-la altera_fw-la tertia_fw-la gustat_fw-la quartaque_fw-la quinta_fw-la audit_n vaga_fw-la sexta_fw-la septima_fw-la linguae_fw-la est_fw-la the_o optic_n first_o eye_n mover_v next_o the_o three_o and_o four_o do_v taste_n the_o five_o do_v hear_v the_o sixth_o do_v gad_n the_o tongue_n claim_v seven_o and_o last_o to_o which_o also_o we_o may_v add_v the_o organ_n of_o smell_a other_o nerve_n do_v arise_v from_o the_o same_o marrow_n after_o it_o be_v fall_v through_o the_o great_a hole_n of_o the_o nowle-bone_n and_o run_v through_o the_o hole_n bore_v in_o the_o rackebone_n of_o the_o spin_v where_o it_o be_v proper_o call_v spinalis_fw-la medulla_n the_o spinal_a marrow_n and_o these_o be_v thirty_o pair_n or_o coniugation_n that_o be_v to_o say_v seven_o of_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o chest_n or_o back_n twelve_o five_o of_o marrow_n 30._o pair_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n the_o loin_n and_o six_o of_o the_o holybone_n from_o which_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o joint_n do_v arise_v for_o the_o hand_n receive_v sometime_o five_o some_o six_o propagation_n from_o the_o five_o sixth_o and_o seven_o pair_n of_o the_o neck_n and_o from_o the_o first_o and_o second_o pair_n of_o the_o chest_n the_o foot_n receive_v four_o nerve_n from_o the_o three_o low_a pair_n of_o the_o loin_n and_o from_o the_o four_o sometime_o the_o five_o uppermost_a of_o the_o holybone_n which_o be_v call_v nerve_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n these_o nerve_n do_v issue_n on_o either_o side_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n for_o no_o nerve_n be_v produce_v without_o his_o companion_n and_o therefore_o the_o grecian_n call_v they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o latin_n neruorum_fw-la paria_fw-la or_o coniugia_fw-la pair_n or_o coniugation_n of_o nerve_n all_o these_o coniugation_n as_o they_o do_v arise_v alike_o one_o from_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o other_o from_o the_o left_a so_o be_v they_o also_o distribute_v after_o one_o and_o the_o same_o manner_n except_o only_o the_o sixth_o pair_n of_o the_o brain_n who_o right_a nerve_n be_v not_o divide_v as_o be_v the_o left_a as_o we_o shall_v hear_v afterward_o and_o thus_o much_o shall_v have_v be_v sufficient_a to_o have_v say_v in_o general_a concern_v the_o nature_n difference_n use_v and_o original_n of_o the_o nerve_n now_o we_o descend_v unto_o their_o particular_a history_n beginning_n with_o
those_o of_o the_o brain_n because_o thence_o all_o nerve_n take_v their_o original_a chap._n xxii_o of_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o eye_n or_o of_o the_o first_o and_o second_o coniugation_n those_o two_o process_n of_o the_o brain_n call_v mammillares_n which_o be_v the_o instrument_n process_n the_o mamillary_a process_n of_o smell_a do_v come_v to_o be_v handle_v in_o the_o first_o place_n but_o because_o we_o have_v relate_v their_o history_n and_o exhibit_v the_o table_n which_o belong_v to_o they_o in_o the_o sixteenth_o chapter_n of_o the_o seven_o book_n we_o will_v refer_v the_o reader_n for_o his_o satisfaction_n unto_o that_o place_n and_o proceed_v unto_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o eye_n whereof_o indeed_o we_o make_v some_o mention_n before_o but_o that_o brief_o and_o by_o the_o way_n as_o also_o we_o have_v do_v of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o nerve_n because_o they_o take_v their_o original_a from_o the_o diverse_a part_n of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n which_o be_v then_o the_o main_n subject_a of_o our_o discourse_n the_o nerve_n therefore_o of_o the_o eye_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n the_o first_o be_v call_v optic_n or_o nerui_fw-la visorij_fw-la because_o by_o they_o we_o see_n the_o second_o be_v call_v oculorum_fw-la motorij_fw-la the_o move_a nerve_n of_o the_o eye_n for_o by_o they_o the_o eye_n be_v wonderful_o and_o sudden_o move_v the_o opticke_n be_v the_o first_o conjugation_n of_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o brain_n tab._n 22._o figure_n 1_o and_o 2_o g_o which_o be_v the_o thick_a of_o all_o the_o coniugation_n of_o the_o brain_n yea_o of_o all_o the_o rest_n nerve_n the_o optic_a nerve_n if_o they_o be_v not_o compound_v of_o diverse_a filament_n and_o so_o much_o the_o thick_a they_o be_v because_o say_v galen_n in_o the_o three_o chapter_n of_o his_o sixteen_o book_n de_fw-la usu_fw-la partium_fw-la they_o have_v sensible_a cavity_n beside_o of_o all_o the_o other_o they_o be_v the_o soft_a they_o arise_v under_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n where_o the_o marrow_n begin_v original_a their_o original_a to_o be_v lengthen_v galen_n in_o the_o three_o chapter_n of_o his_o sixteenth_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la say_v they_o arise_v from_o both_o side_n of_o the_o forward_a ventricle_n to_o who_o end_n they_o be_v join_v howsoever_o after_o their_o original_n they_o run_v oblique_o inward_a and_o forward_o and_o when_o they_o have_v go_v a_o little_a distance_n and_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o their_o journey_n they_o be_v unite_v above_o the_o saddle_n of_o the_o wedgebone_n tab._n 22._o figure_n 1_o h_n not_o only_o by_o intersection_n or_o simple_a contaction_n but_o by_o a_o confusion_n of_o their_o marrow_n be_v so_o mingle_v as_o they_o make_v one_o common_a body_n wherein_o the_o two_o nerve_n can_v be_v separate_v one_o from_o another_o present_o confusion_n their_o confusion_n after_o this_o confusion_n they_o be_v again_o separate_v tab._n 22._o figu_n 1_o above_o h_n run_v each_o of_o they_o oblique_o outward_a by_o a_o hole_n of_o the_o wedgebone_n which_o be_v make_v of_o purpose_n common_o account_v for_o the_o first_o hole_n of_o the_o same_o and_o so_o get_v out_o of_o the_o scull_n the_o right_n run_v unto_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o right_a eye_n on_o the_o hinder_a part_n and_o the_o leave_v unto_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o left_a as_o if_o they_o be_v the_o root_n of_o the_o eye_n notwithstanding_o vesalius_n and_o platerus_n do_v not_o think_v that_o their_o implantation_n be_v into_o the_o centre_n but_o to_o the_o right_a side_n ward_n in_o bruit_n beast_n indeed_o they_o be_v not_o implant_v into_o the_o centre_n but_o much_o low_a for_o they_o separation_n separation_n look_v not_o so_o much_o forward_o as_o sideward_v these_o nerve_n be_v not_o dissolve_v into_o fibres_n as_o other_o nerve_n be_v but_o be_v spread_v abroad_o within_o the_o eye_n notwithstanding_o vesalius_n say_v that_o he_o have_v observe_v they_o in_o swine_n to_o consist_v of_o many_o filament_n as_o do_v the_o nerve_n of_o the_o leg_n the_o substance_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n be_v double_a marrowey_a and_o membranous_a for_o the_o substance_n their_o substance_n inner_a part_n be_v soft_a which_o you_o shall_v perceive_v will_v squeeze_v out_o if_o you_o press_v the_o nerve_n hard_o while_o it_o be_v yet_o compass_v with_o his_o membrane_n of_o this_o marrowey_a substance_n diffuse_v in_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v make_v that_o coat_n which_o be_v call_v amphiblestroide_n or_o retina_fw-la tunica_fw-la from_o the_o resemblance_n it_o have_v with_o a_o net_n tab_v tunica_fw-la retina_fw-la tunica_fw-la 22._o fig._n 1._o and_o 2._o i_o which_o notwithstanding_o to_o say_v truth_n be_v nothing_o less_o than_o a_o coat_n because_o it_o differ_v nothing_o at_o all_o from_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n compass_v the_o vitrious_a humour_n round_o about_o and_o the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o eye_n that_o so_o the_o visive_a spirit_n may_v be_v diffuse_v through_o the_o cavity_n thereof_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n be_v two_o one_o from_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la and_o another_o membrane_n their_o membrane_n from_o the_o dura_n mater_fw-la notwithstanding_o from_o their_o original_n to_o the_o hole_n which_o be_v in_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o wherethrough_a they_o pass_v they_o be_v invest_v only_o with_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la from_o thence_o to_o the_o eye_n itself_o they_o assume_v another_o involution_n or_o vestment_n from_o the_o dura_n meninx_n which_o also_o be_v consume_v into_o the_o horny_a coat_n as_o the_o membrane_n they_o have_v from_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la be_v spend_v into_o the_o grapie_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o by_o the_o continuation_n of_o this_o nerve_n in_o a_o very_a moment_n of_o time_n the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v convey_v unto_o the_o pupilla_fw-la or_o apple_n of_o the_o eye_n which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o perforation_n or_o hole_n of_o the_o grapy_a coat_n and_o therefore_o when_o one_o eye_n be_v shut_v we_o may_v easy_o discern_v that_o the_o pupilla_fw-la of_o the_o other_o will_v be_v sudden_o dilate_v because_o of_o the_o affluence_n of_o the_o spirit_n and_o by_o this_o demonstration_n galen_n in_o the_o 4._o chapter_n of_o his_o 7._o book_n de_fw-la placitis_fw-la make_v it_o manifest_a even_o to_o the_o very_a sense_n that_o there_o be_v not_o only_o a_o spirit_n but_o a_o animal_n spirit_n in_o the_o body_n of_o man_n if_o it_o be_v demand_v why_o nature_n do_v so_o provide_v that_o when_o one_o eye_n be_v shut_v the_o spirit_n shall_v all_o accrue_v unto_o the_o other_o i_o answer_v it_o be_v to_o accomplish_v the_o perfection_n of_o that_o sense_n for_o the_o concourse_n of_o spirit_n do_v better_o receive_v the_o impression_n of_o the_o object_n and_o convey_v it_o to_o the_o sense_n with_o more_o speed_n and_o certainty_n concern_v the_o counsel_n of_o nature_n in_o unite_n the_o optic_a nerve_n many_o man_n have_v dispute_v diverse_o galen_n think_v it_o be_v that_o one_o object_n may_v not_o appear_v double_a answer_v diverse_a reason_n why_o the_o optic_n be_v unite_v answer_v which_o conceit_n vessalius_n dislike_v and_o so_o do_v archangelus_n who_o add_v that_o if_o that_o have_v be_v the_o reason_n the_o nerve_n of_o hear_v of_o smell_a and_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o sense_n shall_v have_v be_v unite_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o their_o journey_n that_o one_o audible_a or_o odorable_a thing_n may_v not_o appear_v double_a the_o second_o reason_n give_v for_o the_o unition_n of_o the_o optic_n be_v that_o one_o eye_n be_v put_v out_o the_o creature_n may_v see_v with_o the_o other_o but_o it_o be_v more_o reasonable_a to_o say_v that_o nature_n first_o intention_n be_v that_o both_o the_o eye_n shall_v always_o remain_v sound_a the_o three_o reason_n that_o when_o one_o eye_n be_v shut_v all_o the_o visive_a spirit_n shall_v hasten_v unto_o the_o other_o to_o make_v the_o sight_n more_o acute_a or_o sharp_a but_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o one_o nerve_n can_v contain_v so_o much_o spirit_n as_o be_v in_o both_o he_o that_o shoot_v at_o a_o mark_n in_o a_o crossbow_n or_o in_o a_o piece_n think_v haply_o that_o he_o see_v more_o sharp_o when_o he_o blink_v of_o one_o eye_n then_o when_o he_o see_v his_o mark_n with_o both_o but_o therein_o he_o be_v deceive_v for_o indeed_o he_o see_v not_o his_o mark_n so_o well_o yet_o be_v able_a to_o lay_v his_o level_n better_a because_o he_o see_v more_o direct_o when_o he_o look_v through_o a_o narrow_a hole_n the_o four_o reason_n some_o conceive_v to_o be_v that_o when_o we_o be_v constrain_v to_o look_v through_o a_o narrow_a hole_n or_o by_o the_o same_o right_a line_n by_o which_o both_o the_o eye_n can_v discern_v in_o such_o a_o case_n the_o
sight_n of_o both_o eye_n may_v be_v unite_v into_o one_o but_o i_o do_v not_o think_v say_v archangelus_n that_o nature_n have_v any_o such_o scope_n in_o her_o first_o intention_n the_o five_o and_o last_o reason_n give_v of_o the_o unition_n be_v the_o most_o probable_a and_o that_o be_v that_o these_o soft_a nerve_n may_v not_o be_v put_v to_o distress_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o their_o passage_n whereto_o say_v the_o truth_n they_o be_v in_o most_o danger_n as_o well_o because_o of_o their_o notable_a cavity_n as_o also_o because_o of_o archangelus_n archangelus_n their_o softness_n for_o they_o walk_v through_o the_o moist_a part_n of_o the_o brain_n that_o be_v the_o low_a and_o the_o faculty_n of_o see_v require_v such_o a_o cavity_n and_o such_o a_o softness_n thus_o far_o archangelus_n they_o be_v call_v optic_a nerve_n that_o be_v visive_a from_o their_o action_n because_o they_o communicate_v optic_n the_o name_n of_o the_o optic_n the_o visive_a faculty_n or_o the_o sense_n of_o see_v unto_o the_o eye_n they_o be_v call_v also_o by_o herophilus_n meatus_fw-la visorij_fw-la because_o say_v he_o they_o only_o be_v sensible_o bore_v which_o also_o galen_n approve_v who_o say_v that_o they_o be_v manifest_o perforate_v at_o each_o end_n many_o dissector_n be_v able_a to_o perceive_v their_o perforation_n in_o the_o low_a part_n where_o they_o touch_v the_o eye_n but_o say_v galen_n in_o the_o four_o chapter_n of_o the_o 7._o book_n de_fw-la placitis_fw-la he_o that_o will_v discern_v the_o other_o perforation_n that_o be_v at_o their_o original_n must_v observe_v three_o thing_n first_o that_o the_o creature_n which_o he_o dissect_v be_v great_a second_o that_o the_o dissection_n be_v make_v present_o after_o death_n three_o that_o the_o air_n be_v clear_a and_o lucide_v where_o he_o make_v his_o dissection_n he_o add_v also_o in_o the_o same_o place_n a_o reason_n why_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o these_o nerve_n shall_v rather_o be_v perforate_v then_o any_o other_o and_o that_o be_v because_o these_o nerve_n do_v lead_v along_o the_o animal_n faculty_n by_o animal_n spirit_n or_o by_o a_o spiritual_a substance_n for_o the_o rest_n they_o need_v only_o be_v perforare_v whether_o the_o optic_n be_v perforare_v porous_a without_o any_o hole_n or_o perforation_n because_o the_o faculty_n in_o they_o be_v convey_v no_o by_o animal_n spirit_n but_o only_o by_o a_o beam_a irradiation_n but_o the_o latter_a anatomist_n with_o one_o consent_n do_v deny_v any_o such_o conspicuous_a perforation_n vesalius_n i_o never_o meet_v with_o it_o although_o i_o have_v cut_v up_o dog_n alive_a and_o other_o large_a creature_n only_o for_o this_o purpose_n yea_o say_v he_o i_o have_v open_v the_o head_n of_o a_o man_n within_o less_o than_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n after_o it_o be_v cut_v off_o anatomist_n opinion_n of_o anatomist_n and_o have_v careful_o keep_v it_o warm_a with_o hot_a water_n and_o yet_o can_v never_o find_v any_o such_o perforation_n falopius_fw-la in_o his_o observation_n the_o opticke_n be_v not_o manifest_o perforate_v columbus_n no_o poor_a or_o hole_n may_v be_v see_v in_o they_o neither_o in_o a_o ox_n nor_o any_o great_a creature_n laurentius_n i_o never_o observe_v any_o conspicuous_a cavity_n volcher_n the_o optic_a nerve_n be_v not_o make_v of_o a_o solid_a and_o perforated_a body_n but_o of_o many_o nervous_a fibre_n bind_v and_o unite_v by_o membrane_n thus_o you_o see_v that_o the_o stream_n of_o anatomist_n run_v direct_o against_o this_o opinion_n of_o galen_n and_o they_o render_v a_o reason_n for_o say_v they_o their_o substance_n be_v rare_a and_o soft_a the_o spirit_n may_v easy_o pass_v through_o they_o unto_o the_o eye_n yea_o all_o the_o sinew_n although_o they_o have_v no_o visible_a hole_n yet_o be_v they_o full_a of_o spirit_n for_o the_o sense_n be_v hinder_v both_o by_o compression_n and_o by_o obstruction_n so_o if_o a_o nerve_n be_v intercept_v with_o a_o band_n or_o tie_v the_o part_n below_o lose_v nerve_n question_n concern_v the_o sâ—â—rits_n in_o the_o nerve_n sense_n for_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o upper_a part_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o low_a there_o be_v no_o communion_n between_o they_o but_o if_o the_o tie_n be_v take_v away_o the_o sense_n return_v and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o when_o the_o optic_n be_v obstruct_v in_o that_o disease_n which_o the_o arabian_n call_v gutta_n serena_fw-la the_o action_n of_o see_v be_v utter_o take_v away_o but_o whether_o we_o be_v to_o believe_v that_o in_o every_o nerve_n there_o be_v a_o spirit_n as_o there_o be_v a_o spirit_n in_o the_o brain_n which_o be_v perish_v the_o whole_a creature_n become_v stupid_a and_o be_v strong_a or_o plentiful_a serve_v for_o the_o sense_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n and_o whether_o if_o there_o be_v any_o such_o spirit_n they_o be_v inbred_a and_o seat_v in_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o part_n and_o only_o awake_v by_o a_o message_n from_o the_o brain_n or_o whether_o at_o such_o time_n as_o we_o will_v move_v any_o member_n the_o motive_n spirit_n fall_v from_o the_o brain_n into_o the_o nerve_n we_o confess_v with_o galen_n in_o the_o place_n before_o quote_v that_o we_o be_v not_o able_a absolute_o to_o determine_v bauhine_n conclude_v that_o these_o nerve_n be_v not_o only_o thick_a and_o of_o a_o rare_a texture_n invest_v by_o both_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o fit_a to_o give_v way_n for_o the_o transportation_n of_o the_o determination_n bauhine_v determination_n spirit_n but_o also_o say_v he_o we_o believe_v with_o galen_n that_o they_o be_v porous_a as_o will_v especial_o appear_v if_o they_o be_v sod_v and_o archangelus_n say_v that_o in_o the_o coition_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n there_o be_v a_o common_a cavity_n ensculpt_v out_o of_o one_o into_o another_o we_o say_v also_o with_o galen_n in_o the_o eight_o chapter_n of_o his_o nine_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la that_o the_o optic_n in_o dignity_n be_v prefer_v worthy_o before_o the_o move_a nerve_n of_o the_o eye_n because_o the_o principal_a part_n of_o vision_n or_o sight_n consist_v in_o they_o moreover_o say_v bauhine_v while_o they_o be_v yet_o in_o the_o skull_n certain_a branch_n of_o the_o sleepy_a artery_n do_v on_o either_o side_n touch_v they_o which_o observation_n he_o take_v out_o of_o galen_n in_o the_o place_n before_o quote_v the_o use_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o according_a to_o all_o anatomist_n who_o herein_o do_v accord_n with_o galen_n that_o through_o they_o the_o sensative_a soul_n and_o the_o visive_a spirit_n optic_n the_o use_n of_o the_o optic_n be_v convey_v out_o of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n into_o the_o eye_n the_o second_o conjugation_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v of_o the_o nerve_n that_o move_v the_o eye_n tab._n 22_o fig._n 1_o and_o 2._o k_o distinguish_v from_o the_o former_a conjugation_n only_o by_o a_o thin_a bone_n this_o original_n the_o second_o conjugation_n of_o the_o eyemoover_n their_o original_n conjugation_n be_v small_a and_o fine_a much_o less_o than_o the_o former_a and_o hard_a because_o it_o be_v to_o be_v insert_v into_o muscle_n it_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o so_o run_v forward_o unto_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o eye_n where_o it_o fall_v out_o of_o the_o scull_n through_o a_o proper_a hole_n account_v for_o the_o second_o perforation_n of_o the_o wedge_n bone_n this_o hole_n be_v not_o round_o as_o that_o which_o be_v bore_v for_o the_o opticke_n but_o somewhat_o long_o say_v galen_n in_o the_o eight_o chap._n of_o his_o 9_o book_n de_fw-la usu_fw-la partium_fw-la because_o three_o nerve_n be_v to_o skull_n where_o they_o pass_v the_o skull_n pass_v through_o it_o this_o the_o three_o conjugation_n or_o the_o second_o branch_n of_o the_o three_o pair_n common_o so_o call_v and_o the_o eight_o conjugation_n or_o the_o lesser_a root_n of_o the_o five_o pair_n and_o therefore_o columbus_n and_o archangelus_n call_v it_o fissuram_fw-la orbitae_fw-la a_o cleave_a or_o chink_n of_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o eye_n this_o move_a nerve_n have_v perforate_v the_o bone_n be_v fasten_v to_o the_o optic_a and_o divide_v pâ—ire_n the_o division_n 〈◊〉_d pâ—ire_n into_o good_a large_a branch_n which_o be_v convey_v to_o the_o seven_o muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n say_v vesalius_n and_o platerus_n to_o slay_v muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o to_o two_o of_o the_o eyelid_n say_v columbus_n and_o archangelus_n to_o four_o only_o of_o the_o eye_n and_o that_o that_o lift_v up_o the_o eye_n lid_n say_v falopius_n and_o laurentius_n bauhine_n particularize_v concern_v their_o insertion_n on_o this_o manner_n the_o first_o branch_n climb_v over_o the_o optic_a and_o be_v disseminated_a into_o the_o muscle_n that_o lift_v up_o the_o eyelid_n and_o the_o muscle_n
fig._n 2_o five_o near_o the_o skin_n issue_v through_o a_o hole_n bore_v in_o the_o foreside_n of_o the_o jaw_n be_v communicate_v to_o the_o low_a lip_n and_o to_o the_o skin_n thereof_o in_o many_o surcle_n from_o this_o nerve_n also_o before_o it_o get_v into_o the_o jaw_n there_o arise_v often_o a_o small_a sinew_n slender_a indeed_o but_o strong_a and_o long_o which_o run_v under_o the_o jaw_n till_o it_o come_v to_o the_o muscle_n which_o open_v the_o mouth_n and_o to_o those_o which_o be_v place_v under_o the_o chin_n and_o be_v insert_v partly_o into_o the_o bone_n hyois_n and_o partly_o into_o the_o tongue_n remainder_n the_o remainder_n final_o the_o trunk_n itself_o tab._n 21_o fig._n 2_o y_z which_v falopius_n in_o his_o observation_n call_v the_o five_o nerve_n of_o the_o three_o conjugation_n pass_v through_o the_o muscle_n that_o lurk_v in_o the_o mouth_n and_o be_v accompany_v with_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o other_o hand_n pass_v unto_o the_o side_n of_o the_o tongue_n and_o be_v consume_v into_o the_o coat_n thereof_o to_o make_v it_o a_o fit_a organ_n to_o discern_v the_o difference_n of_o sapour_n or_o taste_n and_o from_o it_o certain_a small_a surcle_n be_v fix_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o tongue_n from_o this_o conjugation_n that_o which_o be_v common_o number_v for_o the_o four_o by_o galen_n vesalius_n columbus_n platerus_n and_o laurentius_n tab._n 2_o fig._n 1_o and_z 2_o z_o seem_v not_o to_o be_v distinguish_v not_o because_o it_o be_v near_o to_o that_o before_o name_v but_o because_o it_o take_v his_o original_n though_o his_o surcle_n be_v many_o out_o of_o one_o place_n and_o in_o one_o place_n only_o perforate_v the_o dura_n sinew_n how_o to_o count_v the_o coniugation_n of_o the_o sinew_n meninx_n for_o those_o pair_n or_o coniugation_n which_o be_v common_o number_v for_o the_o sixth_o &_o the_o seven_o although_o they_o arise_v from_o many_o propagation_n yet_o because_o the_o surcle_n be_v unite_v together_o and_o so_o unite_v do_v fall_v through_o one_o perforation_n of_o the_o dura_n meninx_n be_v not_o account_v for_o double_a or_o manifold_a pair_n for_o we_o think_v with_o falopius_n that_o in_o the_o distinguish_n of_o the_o coniugation_n of_o the_o nerve_n the_o hole_n of_o the_o skull_n be_v not_o to_o be_v consider_v for_o if_o this_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v then_o because_o the_o second_o and_o the_o three_o pair_n and_o the_o eight_o do_v pass_n through_o one_o and_o the_o same_o hole_n they_o shall_v be_v account_v all_o for_o one_o conjugation_n which_o be_v yet_o never_o so_o account_v by_o any_o anatomist_n the_o original_n of_o this_o nerve_n be_v lesser_a than_o the_o former_a near_o unto_o it_o and_o a_o little_a hard_o &_o it_o the_o original_n of_o it_o therefore_o galen_n say_v that_o it_o spring_v more_o out_o of_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n as_o from_o a_o part_n thereof_o which_o be_v the_o hard_a present_o after_o the_o original_n it_o pass_v a_o little_a forward_o and_o be_v mingle_v with_o the_o three_o with_o which_o it_o issue_v at_o a_o common_a hole_n and_o at_o the_o pallate_n be_v divide_v into_o diverse_a branch_n into_o who_o whole_a coat_n it_o be_v insert_v tab_v 22_o fig._n 2_o the_o low_a z_o and_o give_v unto_o it_o the_o sense_n of_o taste_v galen_n say_v it_o be_v somewhat_o hard_a because_o the_o coat_n which_o compass_v the_o mouth_n be_v hard_a than_o the_o tongue_n and_o other_o part_n of_o the_o mouth_n and_o in_o this_o respect_n his_o sense_n be_v the_o dull_a sometime_o two_o small_a branch_n which_o descend_v near_o the_o almond_n and_o the_o appendix_n call_v styloide_v unto_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tongue_n be_v distribute_v through_o his_o coat_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o four_o conjugation_n chap._n xxiiii_o of_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n or_o the_o five_o conjugation_n the_o five_o conjugation_n tab._n 22_o fig._n 1_o and_o 2._o a_o at_o the_o side_n of_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o conjugation_n the_o five_o conjugation_n brain_n according_a to_o galen_n arise_v out_o of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n elongate_v and_o be_v make_v of_o two_o surcle_n or_o nerve_n the_o one_o soft_a and_o indeed_o the_o soft_a except_o the_o optic_n and_o near_o to_o the_o ear_n the_o other_o hard_a these_o two_o do_v together_o issue_v through_o the_o membrane_n &_o run_v into_o the_o stonybone_n &_o many_o think_v they_o be_v join_v account_v they_o for_o one_o nerve_n for_o they_o say_v the_o five_o conjugation_n consist_v of_o a_o soft_a and_o a_o hard_a part_n but_o indeed_o and_o truth_n they_o be_v distinguish_v ta_fw-la 22._o fig._n 2._o it_o appear_v under_o a_o which_o also_o galen_n and_o falopius_n do_v observe_v this_o nerve_n therefore_o run_v through_o a_o large_a but_o writhen_a hole_n in_o the_o stonybone_n original_n his_o double_a original_n appoint_v proper_o for_o it_o which_o be_v number_v for_o the_o five_o perforation_n of_o the_o temple-bone_n into_o the_o cavity_n which_o be_v like_o a_o cony-burrough_n prepare_v for_o the_o organ_n of_o hear_v present_o out-gate_n his_o out-gate_n after_o the_o hard_a part_n run_v forward_o through_o a_o proper_a canale_n or_o pipe_n be_v accompany_v with_o a_o artery_n arise_v from_o that_o artery_n which_o be_v disseminated_a through_o the_o dura_fw-la progress_fw-la progress_fw-la meninx_n and_o through_o the_o same_o bone_n it_o return_v oblique_o backward_a and_o fall_v into_o that_o cavity_n wherein_o that_o timpanum_n or_o drum_n be_v yet_o so_o that_o it_o always_o butt_v upon_o his_o own_o bony_n canale_n from_o thence_o be_v more_o reflect_v it_o send_v forth_o two_o shoot_n one_o above_o and_o another_o below_o both_o which_o do_v pass_v through_o by_o their_o proper_a hole_n the_o upper_a ta_fw-la 22._o fig._n 1._o and_o 2._o b_o run_v overthwart_o through_o the_o hole_n through_o which_o likewise_o a_o small_a vein_n pass_v unto_o the_o organ_n of_o hear_v and_o this_o shoot_n be_v mix_v ta_fw-la 22._o fig._n 2._o r_o with_o that_o branch_n of_o the_o four_o pair_n or_o of_o the_o three_o according_a to_o common_a anatomist_n which_o we_o say_v be_v like_o the_o tendrill_n of_o a_o vine_n but_o the_o low_a tab_v 22._o fig._n 2._o c_o pass_v out_o at_o a_o hole_n which_o be_v very_o straight_o and_o writhen_a and_o be_v carry_v overthwart_o over_o the_o massete_a muscle_n be_v instant_o mix_v with_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o three_o pair_n that_o be_v like_o the_o tendrill_n of_o a_o vine_n or_o to_o the_o propagation_n of_o the_o sinew_n that_o go_v unto_o the_o tongue_n and_o from_o the_o tongue_n be_v lead_v along_o to_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o cheek_n and_o to_o the_o skin_n about_o the_o root_n of_o the_o outward_a ear_n and_o haply_o this_o nerve_n assi_v the_o taste_n as_o well_o as_o the_o hear_n and_o the_o reason_n may_v hence_o be_v derive_v why_o those_o that_o be_v bear_v deaf_a be_v also_o bear_v dumb_a sometime_o when_o this_o nerve_n have_v get_v through_o the_o blind_a hole_n it_o run_v downward_o as_o if_o it_o will_v accompany_v the_o sixth_o conjugation_n ta_fw-la 21._o fig._n 1._o and_o 2._o c_o and_o send_v small_a branch_n to_o the_o joint_n his_o branch_n unto_o the_o joint_n proper_a muscle_n of_o the_o larinx_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o because_o of_o the_o consent_n betwixt_o the_o ear_n the_o tongue_n and_o the_o larinx_n a_o dry_a cough_n arise_v if_o we_o pick_v our_o ear_n to_o deep_a sometime_o also_o it_o send_v small_a branch_n into_o the_o whole_a arm_n with_o the_o four_o five_o and_o sixth_o nerve_n of_o the_o arm_n yea_o oftentimes_o it_o accompany_v the_o spinal_a marrow_n and_o send_v his_o branch_n together_o with_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o marrow_n into_o the_o whole_a foot_n but_o the_o soft_a part_n of_o this_o nerve_n the_o true_a auditory_a nerve_n nerve_n table_n 22._o fig._n 2._o a_o which_o be_v indeed_o neruus_fw-la auditorius_fw-la the_o true_a auditory_a nerve_n accompani_v the_o hard_a part_n and_o when_o it_o have_v attain_a unto_o the_o end_n of_o the_o forename_a cavity_n it_o be_v dilate_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o membrane_n ta._n 22._o figu_n 1._o and_o 2._o φ_n become_v the_o chief_a instrument_n of_o hear_v and_o there_o remain_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o we_o mention_v before_o in_o the_o expansion_n of_o the_o organ_n of_o smell_a chap._n xxv_o of_o the_o sixth_o seven_o and_o eight_o coniugation_n the_o sixth_o conjugation_n ta_fw-la 22._o fig._n 2_o c_o take_v his_o beginning_n from_o a_o few_o fibres_fw-fr a_o little_a below_o the_o original_n of_o the_o five_o pair_n or_o of_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n but_o conjugation_n the_o sixth_o conjugation_n these_o fibre_n be_v present_o and_o mutual_o unite_v and_o be_v think_v to_o make_v one_o great_a nerve_n whereas_o indeed_o they_o
very_a beginning_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n proper_o so_o call_v thence_o therefore_o it_o arise_v with_o more_o root_n than_o one_o and_o those_o somewhat_o distant_a one_o from_o another_o but_o they_o unite_v themselves_o and_o pass_v out_o of_o the_o scull_n by_o a_o oblique_a and_o proper_a perforation_n in_o the_o nowle-bone_n and_o for_o more_o security_n this_o conjugation_n say_v galen_n in_o the_o eleven_o of_o the_o nine_o de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la be_v join_v by_o strong_a membrane_n with_o the_o sixth_o conjugation_n but_o not_o commix_v therewith_o say_v falopius_n in_o his_o observation_n for_o retribution_n it_o communicate_v to_o the_o sixth_o pair_n a_o portion_n of_o itself_o tab._n 22._o fig._n 2_o m_o that_o be_v to_o say_v sometime_o one_o fiber_n or_o string_n and_o sometime_o two_o but_o the_o conjugation_n itself_o keep_v still_o his_o own_o body_n and_o with_o a_o round_a and_o full_a thread_n run_v downward_o unto_o the_o tongue_n who_o root_n when_o it_o attain_v the_o great_a part_n thereof_o table_n 22._o fig._n 22_o be_v dissolve_v or_o as_o it_o be_v untwist_v and_o part_v into_o many_o fibre_n which_o as_o so_o many_o surcle_n be_v impart_v into_o all_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o tongue_n the_o lesser_a part_n send_v some_o branch_n unto_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o bone_n hyois_n and_o the_o throttle_v to_o assist_v their_o motion_n it_o afford_v also_o some_o surcle_n tab._n 22._o fig._n 2_o l_o unto_o the_o implantation_n his_o implantation_n muscle_n which_o take_v their_o original_n from_o the_o appendix_n which_o be_v call_v stylotdes_n final_o the_o fiber_n of_o the_o great_a branch_n do_v seem_v to_o be_v commix_v with_o the_o fibre_n of_o the_o fifte_a conjugation_n the_o eight_o conjugation_n if_o we_o may_v so_o call_v they_o which_o other_o do_v ascribe_v unto_o the_o five_o conjugation_n the_o eight_o conjugation_n tab._n 22._o fig._n 1_o &_o 2_o d_o yssu_v out_o of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n above_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n and_o be_v much_o slenderer_n and_o hard_a than_o it_o betwixt_o the_o second_o and_o three_o coniugation_n it_o run_v upward_o and_o forward_o under_o the_o side_n of_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o have_v perforate_v the_o dura_n meninx_n betwixt_o the_o second_o and_o third_o coniugation_n it_o get_v into_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o eye_n through_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o second_o conjugation_n say_v bauhine_v according_a to_o falopius_n although_o vesalius_n and_o platerus_n think_v it_o pass_v through_o a_o proper_a perforation_n in_o the_o wedgebone_n and_o so_o go_v unto_o the_o temporal_a muscle_n and_o that_o which_o lurk_v in_o the_o implantation_n implantation_n mouth_n but_o the_o truth_n be_v that_o it_o be_v almost_o whole_o consume_v in_o that_o muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n which_o draw_v it_o to_o the_o utter_a angle_n this_o conjugation_n say_v bauhine_v in_o regard_n of_o his_o original_n shall_v have_v be_v account_v before_o the_o five_o and_o those_o that_o follow_v but_o least_o in_o change_v the_o number_n resolve_v upon_o by_o anatomist_n we_o shall_v breed_v confusion_n we_o have_v rather_o think_v good_a to_o reckon_v it_o in_o the_o last_o place_n columbus_n add_v a_o nine_o pair_n of_o which_o he_o challenge_v the_o invention_n and_o for_o aught_o i_o know_v no_o man_n be_v desirous_a to_o take_v that_o prize_n out_o of_o his_o hand_n which_o conjugation_n columbus_n his_o 9_o conjugation_n when_o they_o have_v they_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o hold_v but_o he_o say_v that_o they_o be_v very_o small_a nerve_n arise_v from_o the_o two_o process_n of_o the_o brain_n which_o be_v call_v nates_n or_o the_o buttock_n near_o the_o testicle_n they_o bend_v their_o course_n towards_o the_o face_n and_o pass_v out_o by_o the_o three_o &_o four_o coniugation_n and_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o three_o muscle_n of_o the_o eyelid_n but_o allow_v a_o branch_n also_o to_o the_o five_o muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n thus_o far_o columbus_n and_o so_o much_o concern_v the_o coniugation_n of_o nerve_n seven_o or_o eight_o if_o you_o will_v or_o nine_o if_o you_o believe_v columbus_n which_o issue_n from_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n contain_v yet_o within_o the_o scull_n now_o we_o proceed_v unto_o those_o that_o issue_n from_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n when_o it_o be_v fall_v out_o of_o the_o scull_n chap._n xxvi_o of_o the_o nerve_n which_o issue_n from_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n in_o the_o neck_n the_o coniugation_n before_o mention_v be_v call_v production_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o nerve_n of_o the_o brain_n albeit_o they_o issue_n from_o the_o lengthen_a marrow_n thereof_o but_o yet_o contain_v within_o the_o scull_n now_o we_o come_v unto_o those_o sinew_n which_o draw_v their_o original_n from_o the_o same_o marrow_n indeed_o but_o that_o contain_v in_o the_o rackbone_n of_o the_o spin_v and_o therefore_o be_v call_v nerve_n of_o the_o spinall_n marrow_n for_o from_o this_o marrow_n all_o the_o part_n which_o be_v under_o the_o face_n except_v the_o bowel_n and_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o voice_n do_v receive_v nerve_n the_o bowel_n and_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o voice_n do_v not_o partly_o because_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o some_o of_o they_o shall_v be_v immediate_o join_v with_o the_o brain_n as_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o liver_n for_o it_o behoove_v that_o all_o the_o principle_n of_o those_o faculty_n whereby_o the_o creature_n be_v govern_v shall_v be_v conjoin_v partly_o because_o their_o situation_n be_v near_o unto_o the_o brain_n and_o they_o stand_v in_o need_n only_o of_o sense_n the_o nerve_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n be_v account_v thirty_o coniugation_n yssue_v out_o of_o distinct_a part_n and_o seat_n as_o out_o of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o neck_n the_o chest_n the_o loin_n and_o the_o holybone_n contain_v within_o their_o vertebra_n or_o rackbone_n and_o issue_v out_o of_o their_o perforation_n or_o hole_n thrill_v in_o they_o these_o hole_n be_v either_o double_a before_o and_o behind_o as_o in_o the_o two_o first_o of_o the_o neck_n and_o five_o of_o the_o holybone_n or_o single_a in_o each_o side_n of_o the_o rack_n as_o in_o the_o rest_n the_o coniugation_n of_o the_o neck_n some_o account_n seven_o as_o galen_n vesalius_n platerus_n and_o neck_n 7_o of_o the_o neck_n laurentius_n yet_o galen_n in_o the_o five_o of_o the_o 13_o de_fw-la usu_fw-la partium_fw-la reckon_v 8_o and_o so_o do_v archangelus_n columbus_n but_o five_o these_o be_v disperse_v into_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o whole_a head_n and_o his_o muscle_n the_o first_o and_o second_o conjugation_n do_v not_o arise_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o other_o nerve_n out_o of_o first_o the_o first_o the_o side_n of_o the_o spondel_n one_o out_o of_o the_o right_a side_n the_o other_o out_o of_o the_o left_a but_o one_o fall_v through_o the_o hole_n on_o the_o foreside_n the_o other_o through_o the_o hole_n on_o the_o backside_n which_o happen_v division_n his_o division_n because_o of_o the_o different_a articulation_n of_o these_o two_o rack_n which_o be_v so_o make_v for_o the_o more_o security_n of_o the_o motion_n the_o first_o conjugation_n issue_v between_o the_o noll_n and_o the_o first_o rackebone_n which_o that_o it_o may_v more_o easy_o be_v there_o be_v a_o certain_a small_a cavity_n in_o the_o nowle-bone_n and_o in_o the_o first_o vertebra_n yet_o in_o dog_n in_o who_o the_o spondell_n be_v great_a the_o cavity_n be_v only_o in_o it_o but_o before_o it_o issue_v it_o be_v reflect_v above_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n and_o present_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o small_a branch_n one_o antertor_n which_o be_v very_o small_a tab._n 23_o h_n and_o so_o small_a that_o vesalius_n say_v it_o be_v not_o always_o visible_a but_o columbus_n make_v no_o mention_n of_o it_o at_o all_o this_o nerve_n be_v insert_v into_o the_o muscle_n which_o lie_v upon_o the_o neck_n and_o under_o the_o gullet_n which_o bend_v the_o neck_n account_v by_o vesalius_n and_o platerus_n for_o the_o first_o pair_n that_o move_v the_o subdivision_n subdivision_n back_n but_o bauhine_n reckon_v it_o for_o the_o first_o bender_n of_o the_o neck_n and_o call_v it_o longus_n or_o the_o long-muscle_n table_n 23_o be_v the_o same_o with_o table_n 22._o lib._n 7._o folio_fw-la 490._o the_o other_o posterior_n tab._n 24_o f_o which_o be_v subdivide_v into_o a_o double_a surcle_n one_o less_o which_o be_v disseminated_a into_o the_o small_a muscle_n of_o the_o head_n seat_v in_o the_o occipitium_fw-la or_o noll_n the_o right_a branch_n into_o the_o muscle_n on_o the_o right_a side_n and_o the_o leave_v into_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o left_a side_n which_o also_o we_o must_v understand_v of_o the_o nerve_n that_o follow_v the_o other_o surcle_n of_o the_o posterior_n branch_n tab._n 24_o g_o go_v into_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o muscle_n that_o
of_o the_o soul_n we_o declare_v in_o the_o first_o book_n the_o outward_a wall_n we_o dismantle_v in_o the_o second_o the_o cooke-roome_n and_o scullery_n with_o all_o the_o house_n of_o office_n and_o room_n of_o repast_n we_o suruay_v in_o the_o three_o the_o genial_a bed_n and_o the_o nursery_n we_o view_v in_o the_o four_o and_o five_o in_o the_o sixth_o we_o be_v lead_v into_o the_o rich_a parlour_n of_o pleasure_n wherein_o we_o be_v entertain_v by_o a_o levy_v of_o damosel_n one_o modest_a as_o modesty_n itself_o another_o shamefast_a another_o coy_a another_o jocund_a and_o merry_a another_o sad_a and_o lumpish_a and_o a_o world_n of_o such_o passion_n we_o find_v inhabit_v in_o the_o little_a world_n there_o also_o we_o see_v the_o curious_a clock_n of_o the_o heart_n move_v by_o a_o perpetual_a motion_n the_o herald_n of_o honour_n those_o nimble_a and_o quick_a pursuivant_n those_o agile_a spirit_n who_o presence_n give_v life_n who_o pleasance_n give_v cheer_n &_o refreshment_n whether_o soever_o they_o be_v send_v from_o thence_o we_o ascend_v in_o the_o seven_o book_n by_o stair_n of_o ivory_n into_o the_o presence_n chamber_n where_o the_o soul_n make_v her_o chief_a abode_n there_o we_o see_v the_o counsel_n gather_v the_o record_n open_v and_o dispatch_n make_v and_o sign_v for_o the_o good_a government_n of_o the_o whole_a family_n from_o thence_o in_o the_o eight_o book_n we_o climb_v unto_o the_o battlement_n and_o see_v the_o watch_n of_o the_o sense_n set_v to_o discover_v and_o give_v warning_n of_o the_o approach_n of_o enemy_n or_o friend_n in_o the_o nine_o we_o observe_v the_o guard_n appoint_v to_o fetch_v in_o the_o provision_n from_o without_o to_o entertain_v or_o give_v the_o repulse_n to_o defend_v or_o offend_v as_o cause_v require_v in_o the_o ten_o we_o discover_v the_o material_n which_o fill_v up_o the_o empty_a distance_n in_o the_o wall_n and_o part_v the_o room_n asunder_o in_o the_o eleven_o we_o follow_v the_o course_n &_o convayance_n the_o entery_n and_o lobye_n which_o lead_v throughout_o the_o whole_a edifice_n from_o chamber_n to_o chamber_n out_o of_o one_o office_n into_o another_o now_o we_o be_v arrive_v near_o the_o principal_n of_o the_o building_n where_o we_o may_v see_v how_o they_o be_v join_v how_o they_o be_v fasten_v and_o bind_v together_o how_o they_o be_v cover_v and_o defend_v how_o they_o be_v interlace_v and_o intertex_v and_o final_o in_o the_o next_o and_o last_o book_n we_o shall_v with_o god_n to_o friend_n come_v unto_o the_o principal_n themselves_o and_o to_o the_o very_a foundation_n &_o groundwork_n whereon_o the_o whole_a frame_n be_v raise_v the_o first_o part_n of_o gristle_n chap._n 1._o of_o the_o definition_n use_n and_o difference_n of_o gristle_n before_o we_o come_v unto_o the_o particular_a history_n of_o the_o gristle_n it_o will_v be_v requisite_a to_o speak_v something_o in_o general_n which_o may_v open_v their_o nature_n cartilege_n the_o 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a_o bone_n the_o matter_n of_o it_o be_v the_o crassament_n or_o thick_a part_n of_o the_o seed_n the_o efficient_a be_v heat_n which_o be_v the_o immediate_a organ_n of_o the_o procreating_a faculty_n to_o which_o the_o alter_a and_o the_o form_v virtue_n be_v assistant_n yet_o be_v not_o this_o a_o extend_v heat_n such_o as_o whereby_o the_o membrane_n be_v dilate_v nor_o perforate_n such_o as_o bore_v the_o vein_n and_o artery_n but_o a_o more_o remiss_a degree_n which_o gather_v or_o curdle_v the_o part_n together_o and_o be_v indeed_o proportionable_a to_o cold_a in_o outward_a thing_n there_o be_v nothing_o actual_o cold_a in_o a_o live_a body_n but_o as_o a_o high_a degree_n of_o heat_n do_v melt_v the_o lead_n which_o cake_v when_o it_o be_v less_o hot_a though_o a_o great_a heat_n do_v remain_v yet_o in_o it_o so_o it_o be_v in_o the_o body_n the_o great_a hair_n divide_v the_o part_n and_o the_o lesser_a gather_v or_o if_o we_o may_v so_o say_v congeal_v they_o the_o final_a cause_n be_v express_v in_o the_o last_o particle_n of_o the_o definition_n for_o although_o there_o be_v diverse_a use_n of_o gristle_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v by_o and_o by_o yet_o these_o two_o be_v principal_a first_o to_o make_v the_o joint_n of_o the_o bone_n which_o be_v couple_v by_o diarthrosis_fw-la more_o glad_a or_o easy_a to_o move_v and_o more_o secure_a and_o permanent_a second_o to_o defend_v the_o part_n under_o they_o from_o outward_a impression_n or_o injury_n the_o nature_n of_o a_o gristle_n be_v much_o unlike_o that_o of_o a_o bone_n for_o say_v aristotle_n when_o the_o bone_n be_v in_o any_o creature_n want_v the_o supply_n be_v make_v by_o gristle_n their_o temper_n also_o be_v not_o far_o asunder_o sense_n they_o have_v none_o because_o the_o creature_n shall_v not_o be_v in_o perpetual_a pain_n neither_o indeed_o have_v they_o any_o nerve_n disperse_v through_o they_o notwithstanding_o as_o we_o shall_v say_v in_o the_o next_o book_n there_o be_v some_o kind_n of_o bone_n which_o have_v sense_n differ_v how_o gristle_n and_o bone_n do_v differ_v the_o tooth_n for_o in_o stance_n so_o some_o gristle_n seem_v to_o have_v sense_n as_o those_o of_o the_o eyelid_n because_o certain_a small_a tendril_n of_o nerve_n do_v touch_v they_o final_o say_v laurentius_n a_o bone_n and_o a_o gristle_n do_v differ_v but_o secundum_fw-la magis_fw-la &_o minus_fw-la for_o bone_n be_v hard_a dry_a and_o cold_a yet_o we_o may_v say_v further_o that_o all_o gristle_n be_v transparent_a smooth_a and_o polish_a many_o bone_n unequal_a and_o sharp_a moreover_o a_o cartilege_n or_o gristle_n have_v no_o marrow_n nor_o cavity_n nor_o corner_n or_o celles_fw-fr in_o it_o as_o bone_n have_v because_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o they_o for_o be_v not_o so_o thick_a or_o solid_a as_o a_o bone_n their_o aliment_n do_v easy_o pass_v through_o their_o substance_n we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o a_o gristle_n be_v of_o a_o middle_a nature_n betwixt_o a_o bone_n and_o a_o ligament_n fast_o than_o a_o bone_n and_o hard_a than_o a_o ligament_n the_o use_n of_o the_o gristle_n be_v diverse_a and_o those_o very_a admirable_a and_o wonderful_a the_o first_o gristle_n the_o use_n of_o the_o gristle_n and_o most_o common_a use_n be_v to_o help_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o bone_n which_o be_v join_v with_o a_o lax_n or_o loose_a articulation_n for_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o gristle_n the_o motion_n become_v more_o easy_a first_o the_o first_o more_o secure_a and_o more_o permanent_a more_o easy_a for_o be_v smooth_a and_o polish_a it_o levigate_v and_o make_v slippery_a the_o asperity_n or_o roughness_n of_o the_o bone_n and_o so_o their_o head_n become_v more_o glib_a or_o prompt_a in_o their_o motion_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o all_o movable_a joint_n be_v crust_v over_o with_o a_o gristle_n so_o also_o be_v the_o head_n &_o the_o sinus_fw-la or_o cup_n or_o cavity_n of_o bone_n where_o they_o touch_v one_o another_o line_v with_o a_o smooth_a gristle_n they_o make_v the_o motion_n more_o secure_a because_o the_o gristle_n increase_v the_o hollowness_n of_o the_o bone_n that_o so_o the_o articulation_n be_v not_o so_o easy_o lux_v or_o put_v out_o of_o joint_n as_o we_o may_v see_v in_o the_o articulation_n of_o the_o arm_n with_o the_o shoulderblade_n and_o in_o many_o other_o final_o by_o the_o inter-vening_a of_o the_o gristle_n the_o motion_n be_v preserve_v and_o make_v more_o last_a and_o durable_a for_o the_o extremity_n or_o end_n of_o bone_n be_v very_o hard_o by_o their_o mutual_a contaction_n and_o perpetual_a attrition_n will_v have_v be_v wear_v and_o fret_v and_o so_o in_o time_n the_o motion_n will_v have_v decay_v which_o inconvenience_n be_v avoid_v because_o they_o be_v compass_v or_o line_v over_o with_o a_o soft_a gristle_n the_o second_o use_n of_o gristle_n
moreover_o in_o the_o cavity_n or_o hollowness_n of_o the_o shoulderblade_n nature_n place_v a_o gristle_n to_o increase_v the_o sinus_fw-la or_o bosom_n of_o the_o bone_n lest_o in_o violent_a motion_n the_o joint_n shall_v be_v easy_o lux_v or_o put_v out_o in_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o cubit_n which_o have_v a_o acute_a or_o sharp_a process_n there_o appear_v a_o gristle_n which_o fill_v up_o the_o empty_a distance_n it_o hinder_v the_o hand_n when_o it_o be_v lead_v to_o cubit_n of_o the_o cubit_n the_o side_n from_o offend_v against_o that_o acute_a process_n betwixt_o the_o sharebone_n there_o be_v a_o thick_a &_o hard_a gristle_n so_o unite_n they_o together_o that_o it_o be_v not_o credible_a they_o shall_v be_v sever_v in_o the_o time_n of_o travel_n as_o we_o have_v show_v before_o in_o the_o 33._o question_v of_o our_o five_o book_n in_o the_o cavity_n haunch_n of_o the_o haunch_n of_o the_o hanchbone_n there_o be_v another_o gristle_n which_o increase_v the_o compass_n of_o the_o bosom_n or_o cavity_n therein_o final_o in_o the_o low_a head_n of_o the_o thigh_n we_o find_v two_o semicircular_a gristle_n which_o enlarge_v the_o lip_n of_o the_o cavity_n in_o a_o word_n almost_o every_o articulation_n be_v cur_v over_o with_o a_o gristle_n to_o make_v the_o motion_n more_o easy_a more_o secure_a and_o more_o permanent_a and_o so_o much_o concern_v gristle_n now_o we_o proceed_v unto_o the_o ligament_n the_o second_o part_n of_o ligament_n chap._n vi_o of_o the_o nature_n use_v and_o difference_n of_o ligament_n as_o the_o lubricity_n of_o gristle_n make_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o bone_n more_o nimble_a and_o quick_a so_o the_o ligament_n do_v secure_v both_o motion_n &_o articulation_n but_o there_o be_v a_o double_a acception_n of_o a_o ligament_n the_o ligament_n a_o double_a acception_n of_o a_o ligament_n one_o large_a the_o other_o press_n and_o more_o restrain_v in_o the_o first_o sense_n we_o call_v any_o thing_n a_o ligament_n which_o ty_v one_o part_n to_o another_o so_o hypocrates_n call_v the_o skin_n and_o the_o flesh_n colligation_n the_o ancient_n also_o call_v all_o manner_n of_o vessel_n vein_n artery_n and_o sinew_n common_a ligament_n in_o the_o press_n and_o strict_a signification_n we_o call_v that_o a_o ligament_n which_o be_v a_o hard_a and_o firm_a body_n yet_o lax_n and_o flexible_a and_o without_o sense_n which_o incompass_v ty_v down_o and_o contain_v the_o joint_n this_o kind_n of_o ligament_n proper_o so_o call_v the_o grecian_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o latin_n copula_fw-la vinculum_fw-la &_o ligamentum_fw-la we_o may_v call_v it_o a_o tie_n but_o because_o the_o word_n ligament_n be_v grow_v into_o common_a use_n we_o will_v if_o you_o please_v retain_v it_o for_o the_o most_o part_n laurentius_n give_v ligament_n the_o definition_n of_o a_o ligament_n this_o definition_n of_o a_o ligament_n it_o be_v a_o similar_v cold_a and_o dry_a part_n of_o a_o middle_a nature_n betwixt_o a_o nerve_n and_o a_o gristle_n betwixt_o a_o membrane_n and_o a_o gristle_n say_v bauhine_v engender_v by_o the_o power_n of_o heat_n out_o of_o the_o slimy_a part_n of_o the_o seed_n and_o be_v of_o great_a use_n in_o colligation_n contain_v invest_v and_o form_v of_o muscle_n concern_v the_o temper_n of_o a_o ligament_n which_o be_v the_o form_n of_o the_o similar_v part_n all_o man_n do_v agree_v that_o it_o be_v cold_a and_o dry_a albeit_o some_o peculiar_a ligament_n of_o jointe_n be_v line_v over_o with_o a_o mucous_a and_o slimy_a humour_n but_o concern_v those_o thing_n which_o accompany_v follow_v and_o happen_v to_o the_o temper_n many_o have_v make_v scruple_n hardness_n and_o softness_n follow_v the_o temper_n sense_n and_o motion_n happen_v unto_o it_o we_o resolve_v that_o ligament_n be_v of_o a_o middle_a nature_n betwixt_o gristle_n and_o membrane_n hard_a than_o membrane_n least_o in_o vehement_a motion_n they_o shall_v be_v break_v and_o soft_a than_o gristle_n that_o they_o may_v more_o easy_o follow_v and_o obey_v the_o muscle_n which_o move_v the_o bone_n for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o be_v all_o insensible_a as_o well_o because_o they_o receive_v no_o nerve_n into_o they_o as_o also_o lest_o be_v perpetual_o move_v they_o shall_v breed_v perpetual_a pain_n it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o galen_n in_o his_o 3._o book_n de_fw-fr facultat_fw-la natural_a say_v that_o ligament_n consist_v of_o sensible_a fibre_n but_o we_o must_v know_v that_o by_o sensible_a in_o that_o place_n galen_n understand_v not_o that_o which_o have_v sense_n but_o that_o which_o be_v liable_a to_o sense_n not_o that_o which_o be_v sensative_a but_o that_o which_o be_v sensible_a for_o ligament_n borrow_v nothing_o from_o the_o brain_n and_o therefore_o have_v no_o sense_n neither_o can_v they_o move_v themselves_o notwithstanding_o as_o among_o the_o bone_n the_o tooth_n have_v sense_n among_o the_o gristle_n those_o that_o make_v the_o eye-lidde_n so_o among_o the_o ligament_n there_o be_v some_o which_o have_v the_o sense_n of_o touch_v as_o the_o two_o ligament_n that_o make_v the_o yard_n and_o the_o rein_n or_o bridle_v of_o the_o tongue_n the_o matter_n of_o ligament_n be_v the_o slimy_a part_n of_o the_o seed_n extend_v or_o lengthen_v by_o heat_n ligament_n the_o matter_n of_o ligament_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o they_o can_v be_v contract_v and_o again_o relax_v their_o aliment_n i_o do_v not_o take_v to_o be_v say_v laurentius_n as_o some_o will_v marrow_n but_o blood_n convey_v unto_o they_o by_o capillary_a vein_n which_o be_v so_o little_a that_o they_o can_v be_v perceive_v the_o use_n of_o ligament_n be_v diverse_a the_o first_o and_o most_o common_a be_v to_o firm_a and_o assure_v use_n their_o use_n the_o articulation_n especial_o those_o that_o be_v more_o lax_n of_o the_o bone_n and_o the_o gristle_n and_o to_o hinder_v luxation_n for_o it_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v that_o when_o the_o bone_n be_v separate_v in_o violent_a motion_n they_o shall_v be_v also_o distract_v unless_o the_o wisdom_n of_o nature_n have_v provide_v to_o tie_v their_o extremity_n together_o with_o strong_a and_o straight_a bond_n these_o ligament_n which_o perform_v this_o use_n be_v either_o common_a which_o compass_n the_o joint_n round_o about_o or_o private_a the_o common_a be_v thin_a and_o membranous_a the_o proper_a be_v thick_a and_o most_o what_o round_n their_o second_o use_n be_v to_o bind_v and_o fasten_v the_o bone_n where_o they_o be_v not_o articulate_v for_o there_o be_v thin_a and_o fine_a ligament_n which_o tie_v the_o cubite_fw-la to_o the_o radius_fw-la and_o the_o leg_n to_o the_o brace_n where_o they_o gape_v asunder_o as_o also_o the_o spines_n of_o the_o spondel_n the_o three_o use_n be_v that_o which_o galen_n remember_v who_o say_v they_o serve_v for_o a_o outward_a garment_n to_o defend_v the_o tendon_n so_o the_o tendon_n which_o bend_v and_o extend_v the_o finger_n &_o the_o toe_n be_v throughout_o their_o whole_a length_n cover_v with_o ligament_n &_o with_o membrane_n add_v hereto_o the_o four_o to_o contain_v the_o tendon_n in_o their_o own_o place_n to_o establish_v they_o and_o safe_o to_o transmit_v they_o from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o such_o be_v the_o transuerse_a ligament_n of_o the_o wrist_n round_o like_o a_o ring_n and_o therefore_o call_v annularia_fw-la five_o they_o be_v interpose_v like_o a_o pillow_n betwixt_o the_o bone_n and_o the_o tendon_n that_o the_o hardness_n of_o the_o bone_n shall_v not_o offend_v the_o tender_a and_o sensible_a tendon_n six_o to_o discriminate_a or_o separate_v the_o right_a muscle_n from_o the_o left_a the_o fore_z muscle_n from_o the_o hinder_a and_o other_o part_v one_o from_o another_o as_o we_o may_v see_v in_o the_o ell_n and_o the_o wand_n in_o the_o leg_n and_o the_o brace_n seavent_o to_o increase_v and_o augment_v as_o do_v the_o gristle_n the_o cup_n of_o the_o bone_n eight_o to_o suspend_v the_o bowel_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o fall_v with_o their_o great_a weight_n such_o be_v the_o ligament_n of_o the_o liver_n the_o bladder_n and_o of_o the_o womb_n final_o they_o concur_v unto_o the_o structure_n of_o a_o muscle_n for_o of_o the_o fibre_n of_o a_o nerve_n and_o a_o ligament_n mix_v together_o be_v a_o tendon_n make_v the_o difference_n of_o ligament_n be_v to_o be_v take_v from_o their_o substance_n magnitude_n figure_n ligament_n the_o difference_n of_o ligament_n site_n original_a insertion_n use_n and_o from_o their_o principal_a part_n from_o the_o substance_n some_o be_v soft_a some_o hard_a some_o membranous_a that_o be_v like_v unto_o membrane_n because_o they_o be_v broad_a some_o be_v nervous_a that_o be_v round_o like_o nerve_n some_o be_v grist_o from_o the_o magnitude_n some_o be_v little_a some_o be_v great_a some_o be_v broad_a and_o some_o be_v narrow_a from_o the_o figure_n some_o be_v
bone_n they_o also_o will_v be_v consume_v we_o answer_v to_o the_o first_o that_o sense_n be_v not_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o bone_n to_o the_o second_o answer_v answer_v that_o they_o grow_v because_o in_o attrition_n they_o be_v wear_v to_o the_o three_o that_o more_o or_o less_o do_v not_o change_v the_o species_n or_o kind_n otherwise_o the_o spungy_a bone_n shall_v be_v no_o bone_n to_o the_o four_o that_o they_o be_v accustom_v to_o the_o outward_a aer_fw-la and_o have_v no_o periostion_n on_o they_o and_o the_o philosopher_n say_v that_o that_o which_o be_v accustomable_a make_v no_o impression_n or_o alteration_n to_o the_o five_o that_o be_v to_o hypocrates_n authority_n we_o say_v that_o the_o bone_n and_o the_o tooth_n be_v affect_v by_o cold_a diverse_o the_o bone_n only_o by_o suffer_v the_o tooth_n not_o only_o by_o suffer_v but_o also_o by_o sensation_n to_o the_o sixth_o first_o we_o may_v safe_o doubt_v of_o the_o experience_n second_o we_o may_v say_v that_o the_o tooth_n be_v not_o consume_v because_o they_o be_v hard_a than_o other_o bone_n it_o remain_v therefore_o according_a to_o hypocrates_n aristotle_n and_o galen_n that_o the_o tooth_n be_v bone_n for_o say_v galen_n they_o can_v be_v refer_v to_o any_o other_o similar_v part_n and_o therefore_o he_o place_v the_o tooth_n under_o the_o common_a genus_fw-la of_o the_o bone_n and_o the_o rather_o because_o the_o quality_n of_o their_o matter_n do_v agree_v as_o hardness_n solidity_n smoothness_n whiteness_n etc._n etc._n yet_o there_o be_v some_o difference_n betwixt_o they_o and_o other_o bone_n for_o among_o all_o the_o bone_n none_o but_o these_o have_v any_o exquisite_a sense_n because_o the_o tooth_n alone_o do_v admit_v nerve_n into_o their_o cavitie_n the_o tooth_n alone_o do_v increase_v as_o the_o life_n increase_v that_o without_o any_o detriment_n they_o may_v perform_v their_o office_n for_o be_v wear_v in_o the_o chew_v of_o meat_n they_o be_v increase_v again_o but_o only_o so_o much_o as_o they_o be_v wear_v away_o otherwise_o they_o will_v soon_o fail_v the_o other_o bone_n have_v no_o sense_n or_o but_o obscure_a neither_o do_v they_o increase_v always_o but_o when_o they_o come_v unto_o their_o state_n or_o perfection_n they_o make_v a_o stay_n because_o they_o be_v not_o change_v in_o the_o performance_n of_o their_o function_n they_o differ_v also_o from_o bone_n because_o they_o be_v naked_a have_v no_o periostion_n without_o they_o for_o than_o they_o will_v be_v pain_v in_o the_o wear_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o aristotle_n do_v oftentimes_o bone_n how_o they_o differ_v from_o bone_n not_o number_v the_o tooth_n among_o the_o bone_n but_o sometime_o faith_n they_o be_v bony_a sometime_o that_o they_o resemble_v the_o nature_n of_o bone_n and_o true_o in_o their_o hardness_n fastness_n or_o solidity_n they_o do_v exceed_v other_o bone_n yea_o they_o be_v little_o soft_a than_o stone_n themselves_o if_o they_o be_v not_o allout_v so_o hard_o especial_o about_o their_o extremity_n some_o be_v stony_a like_o a_o millstone_n other_o be_v sharp_a like_o the_o steel_a edge_n of_o a_o knife_n they_o be_v make_v very_o hard_o that_o they_o may_v not_o wear_v so_o soon_o or_o be_v break_v in_o the_o chaw_v or_o break_v of_o hard_a thing_n for_o they_o be_v how_o why_o they_o be_v hard_a &_o how_o not_o line_v either_o with_o fat_a or_o gristle_n as_o other_o joint_n be_v to_o hinder_v attrition_n the_o tooth_n therefore_o do_v break_v bone_n resist_v the_o edge_n of_o steel_n neither_o can_v they_o easy_o as_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n be_v burn_v with_o fire_n hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr carnibus_fw-la ascribe_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o hardness_n to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o matter_n out_o of_o which_o they_o be_v engender_v for_o he_o write_v that_o out_o of_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o head_n and_o the_o jaw_n there_o be_v a_o increase_n of_o a_o glutinous_a matter_n in_o that_o glutinous_a matter_n the_o fatty_a part_n fall_v down_o into_o the_o socket_n of_o the_o gum_n where_o it_o be_v dry_v and_o burn_v with_o the_o heat_n and_o so_o the_o tooth_n be_v make_v hard_a than_o other_o bone_n because_o there_o be_v no_o cold_a remain_v in_o they_o their_o outward_a surface_n be_v by_o nature_n white_a smooth_a and_o polish_a but_o in_o age_n for_o want_n of_o care_n or_o by_o disease_n they_o become_v livid_a or_o duskish_a there_o grow_v also_o unto_o they_o a_o hard_a surface_n their_o surface_n scaly_a matter_n by_o which_o as_o also_o by_o corruption_n they_o become_v rugged_a and_o unequal_a yet_o say_v the_o philosopher_n a_o horse_n tooth_n become_v white_a as_o he_o become_v old_a their_o form_n be_v before_o somewhat_o round_o behind_o more_o plain_a where_o they_o be_v join_v one_o form_n form_n to_o another_o they_o be_v even_o and_o in_o their_o extremity_n sometime_o thin_a sometime_o sharp_a sometime_o plain_a but_o always_o unequal_a they_o differ_v among_o themselves_o in_o figure_n magnitude_n and_o number_n their_o figure_n in_o man_n differ_v according_a to_o the_o difference_n of_o their_o use_n in_o chew_v in_o fish_n they_o be_v only_o difference_n difference_n acute_a or_o sharp_a in_o those_o creature_n that_o chew_v the_o cud_n they_o be_v of_o a_o double_a form_n some_o grinder_n and_o some_o shearer_n in_o man_n according_a to_o the_o three_o special_a division_n of_o meat_n there_o be_v three_o kind_n of_o tooth_n shreader_n or_o shearer_n call_v incisore_n dog-teeth_n call_v canini_n and_o grinder_n call_v molares_fw-la again_o man_n tooth_n do_v not_o stand_v out_o of_o their_o form_n as_o a_o boar_n tusk_n but_o be_v conclude_v or_o shut_v within_o the_o mouth_n neither_o be_v they_o set_v like_o the_o tooth_n of_o a_o see_v as_o it_o be_v in_o dog_n for_o their_o tooth_n be_v give_v they_o in_o stead_n of_o weapon_n the_o tooth_n of_o a_o man_n be_v much_o less_o than_o the_o tooth_n of_o many_o other_o creature_n less_o than_o he_o for_o his_o mouth_n be_v much_o less_o for_o according_a to_o the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o mouth_n be_v the_o magnitude_n magnitude_n strength_n of_o the_o tooth_n which_o consist_v in_o their_o figure_n hardness_n and_o quantity_n yea_o mens_fw-la tooth_n compare_v among_o themselves_o be_v not_o equal_a but_o some_o great_a some_o lesser_a for_o the_o grind_a tooth_n be_v great_a than_o the_o rest_n the_o number_n of_o the_o tooth_n be_v not_o in_o all_o man_n one_o and_o the_o same_o for_o some_o have_v more_o some_o have_v few_o yet_o the_o more_o the_o better_o for_o such_o say_v hypocrates_n in_o the_o sixth_o section_n of_o number_n number_n the_o second_o epidemion_n be_v long_o live_v whereas_o those_o that_o have_v few_o tooth_n be_v but_o short_a live_v as_o aristotle_n say_v in_o the_o 3_o chapter_n of_o his_o 2_o book_n de_fw-fr historia_fw-la animalium_fw-la the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o paucity_n and_o rarity_n of_o the_o tooth_n be_v a_o argument_n either_o of_o the_o want_n of_o spermatical_a matter_n or_o of_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o formative_a faculty_n again_o those_o that_o have_v but_o few_o tooth_n do_v not_o chew_v their_o meat_n so_o thorough_o not_o prepare_v it_o so_o well_o for_o the_o stomach_n so_o that_o the_o chylus_n be_v not_o so_o well_o concoct_v and_o by_o consequence_n the_o blood_n not_o so_o pure_a for_o the_o second_o concoction_n which_o be_v in_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o liver_n do_v not_o amend_v the_o error_n of_o the_o first_o concoction_n which_o be_v make_v in_o the_o stomach_n story_n make_v mention_n of_o some_o man_n who_o have_v have_v but_o one_o tooth_n in_o their_o upper_a jaw_n and_o thereupon_o have_v some_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o euripheus_n the_o cyrenian_a euriptolimus_n of_o cyprus_n man_n diverse_a row_n of_o tooth_n in_o some_o man_n and_o pyrrhus_n the_o king_n of_o the_o epirot_n some_o in_o stead_n of_o tooth_n have_v one_o continual_a bone_n such_o be_v the_o son_n of_o prusias_n king_n of_o the_o bithynian_n some_o have_v have_v a_o double_a row_n of_o tooth_n as_o dripetinus_n the_o son_n of_o king_n mithridates_n trimarchus_fw-la of_o cyprus_n some_o have_v have_v 3_o row_n as_o hercules_n for_o so_o coelius_n rhodiginus_fw-la report_v in_o the_o three_o chap._n of_o his_o four_o book_n but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n there_o be_v but_o one_o row_n which_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d septum_fw-la the_o hedge_n because_o it_o hedge_v in_o the_o tongue_n in_o both_o jaw_n there_o be_v in_o grow_v body_n 32_o tooth_n 16_o in_o each_o jaw_n in_o some_o man_n 30_o sixteen_o in_o the_o upper_a jaw_n and_o 14_o in_o the_o nether_a in_o some_o 28_o which_o be_v the_o least_o number_n and_o then_o the_o four_o last_o be_v want_v for_o they_o do_v not_o break_v out_o in_o
one_o form_n in_o ape_n as_o eustachius_n elegant_o ape_n their_o root_n its_o ape_n declare_v for_o in_o they_o the_o grinder_n of_o the_o upper_a jaw_n have_v three_o root_n of_o the_o low_a jaw_n two_o except_v sometime_o the_o five_o the_o four_o as_o it_o be_v the_o great_a so_o be_v the_o root_n thereof_o great_a in_o man_n their_o root_n be_v not_o always_o of_o one_o form_n yet_o mostwhat_o they_o be_v many_o and_o alike_o sometime_o in_o the_o five_o of_o the_o low_a jaw_n in_o the_o second_o also_o eustachius_n observe_v the_o same_o which_o because_o of_o his_o magnitude_n a_o man_n will_v think_v shall_v have_v many_o root_n there_o be_v but_o one_o thick_a and_o persorate_v with_o one_o broad_a hole_n other_o root_n of_o the_o tooth_n have_v a_o equal_a or_o unequal_a supersicy_n and_o within_o two_o or_o three_o hole_n skilfullie_o thrill_v and_o dissever_v by_o thin_a scale_n much_o like_o a_o honeycomb_n in_o the_o five_o grinder_v there_o be_v three_o in_o most_o of_o the_o rest_n two_o oftentimes_o the_o root_n grow_v together_o sometime_o they_o be_v separate_v sometime_o a_o man_n can_v perceive_v so_o much_o as_o the_o line_n that_o part_v they_o the_o figure_n also_o of_o these_o root_n be_v diverse_a for_o some_o be_v round_o other_o straight_o and_o acute_a figure_n their_o figure_n other_o obtuse_a plain_a and_o crooked_a they_o differ_v also_o in_o magnitude_n the_o root_n of_o one_o tooth_n be_v thick_a sometime_o sometime_o narrow_a of_o another_o short_a of_o another_o long_a of_o some_o broad_a and_o thin_a yet_o for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o root_n of_o the_o upper_a tooth_n be_v long_o and_o of_o the_o low_a tooth_n short_a they_o vary_v also_o in_o situation_n some_o touch_n one_o another_o some_o grow_v near_o but_o touch_v not_o some_o straddle_v one_o from_o another_o like_o the_o foot_n of_o a_o stool_n again_o some_o stand_v off_o one_o from_o another_o but_o yet_o be_v so_o incurue_v that_o their_o extremtty_n do_v touch_v other_o run_v situation_n situation_n four_o way_n be_v in_o their_o end_n most_o of_o all_o disjoin_v and_o these_o in_o draw_v of_o tooth_n be_v sometime_o break_v and_o put_v the_o man_n to_o cruel_a torment_n if_o there_o be_v three_o root_n especial_o in_o the_o upper_a jaw_n one_o run_v inward_a and_o two_o outward_a to_o conclude_v common_o the_o two_o upper_a grinder_n which_o be_v next_o to_o the_o dogtooth_n be_v fasten_v into_o their_o socket_n with_o two_o root_n the_o other_o three_o with_o three_o sometime_o the_o five_o have_v four_a which_o be_v rare_a again_o the_o two_o low_a grinder_n which_o be_v next_o to_o the_o dog_n tooth_n have_v but_o one_o root_n the_o three_o other_o two_o those_o tooth_n which_o we_o call_v genuini_fw-la or_o tooth_n of_o wisdom_n have_v very_o short_a root_n partly_o because_o that_o portion_n of_o the_o jaw_n will_v not_o admit_v a_o deep_a insertion_n partly_o because_o in_o the_o levigation_n or_o chew_v of_o meat_n they_o be_v not_o in_o so_o much_o use_v as_o the_o rest_n wherefore_o the_o root_n of_o the_o grind_a tooth_n of_o the_o low_a jaw_n be_v few_o and_o short_a than_o those_o of_o the_o upper_a because_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o low_a jaw_n be_v hard_a and_o more_o solid_a and_o therefore_o better_a able_a strong_o to_o contain_v the_o tooth_n and_o to_o bear_v their_o weight_n but_o in_o the_o upper_a jaw_n which_o be_v more_o rare_a and_o soft_a and_o wherein_o the_o tooth_n hang_v and_o therefore_o be_v more_o subject_a to_o fall_v out_o with_o their_o own_o weight_n their_o root_n be_v long_o the_o better_a to_o fasten_v they_o for_o they_o need_v more_o tie_n as_o it_o be_v to_o bind_v they_o and_o to_o contain_v they_o within_o the_o jaw_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o where_o the_o root_n be_v short_a the_o tooth_n be_v draw_v with_o less_o danger_n but_o with_o more_o labour_n where_o they_o be_v many_o especial_o if_o the_o root_n grow_v unto_o the_o socket_n the_o root_n of_o all_o the_o tooth_n be_v perforate_v even_o into_o their_o internal_a cavity_n yet_o perforation_n their_o perforation_n this_o perforation_n in_o perfect_a and_o grow_v tooth_n be_v very_o small_a and_o that_o in_o the_o sharp_a point_n or_o top_n of_o the_o root_n through_o which_o a_o vein_n a_o artery_n and_o a_o nerve_n be_v admit_v of_o which_o vessel_n we_o will_v speak_v in_o the_o next_o place_n but_o brief_o because_o we_o have_v touch_v upon_o they_o before_o chap._n xvi_o of_o the_o vessel_n and_o sense_n of_o the_o tooth_n through_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tooth_n all_o manner_n of_o vessel_n do_v run_v and_o be_v diversify_v in_o their_o internal_a cavity_n vein_n to_o bring_v they_o plentiful_a vein_n the_o vein_n nourishment_n now_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o tooth_n shall_v always_o grow_v because_o in_o mutual_a attrition_n they_o be_v one_o against_o another_o &_o this_o we_o may_v certain_o conclude_v by_o our_o own_o experience_n for_o if_o a_o tooth_n fall_v out_o or_o be_v draw_v that_o which_o grow_v opposite_a against_o it_o will_v be_v long_o than_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o tooth_n of_o his_o own_o rank_n because_o it_o be_v no_o more_o wear_v by_o the_o tooth_n that_o before_o be_v opposite_a against_o it_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o tooth_n by_o their_o mutual_a attrition_n in_o chew_v of_o the_o meat_n be_v impair_v and_o again_o so_o much_o increase_v artery_n also_o do_v enter_v into_o the_o tooth_n to_o preserve_v and_o keep_v their_o natural_a heat_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o in_o inflammation_n there_o be_v a_o beat_n or_o pulse_v pain_n feel_v such_o as_o fleshy_a part_n feel_v artery_n artery_n when_o they_o be_v inflame_v and_o this_o galen_n first_o of_o all_o man_n observe_v in_o the_o 8_o chap._n of_o his_o five_o book_n de_fw-fr compositione_n medicamentorum_fw-la secundum_fw-la loca_fw-la for_o he_o find_v in_o himself_o not_o only_a pain_n but_o a_o pulse_v pain_n in_o his_o tooth_n whence_o he_o conclude_v that_o there_o be_v one_o pain_n in_o the_o gum_n another_o in_o the_o very_a substance_n of_o the_o tooth_n yea_o without_o any_o inflammation_n of_o the_o gum_n sometime_o there_o be_v pain_n in_o the_o proper_a body_n of_o the_o tooth_n sometime_o in_o the_o nerve_n and_o again_o unless_o under_o the_o tooth_n there_o be_v a_o artery_n how_o can_v so_o much_o florid_n and_o pure_a blood_n issue_n when_o the_o tooth_n be_v perforate_v which_o eustachius_n observe_v in_o a_o man_n that_o fall_v into_o such_o a_o flux_n of_o blood_n that_o he_o have_v like_a to_o have_v die_v upon_o it_o they_o have_v also_o nerve_n soft_a and_o slender_a which_o come_v from_o the_o three_o conjugation_n common_o nerve_n nerve_n so_o call_v and_o run_v through_o their_o root_n into_o their_o cavity_n even_o from_o their_o first_o conformation_n where_o they_o be_v disseminated_a and_o their_o small_a surcle_n be_v mix_v with_o the_o mucous_a matter_n of_o the_o tooth_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o when_o that_o mucous_a matter_n be_v become_v bony_n yet_o it_o easy_o consent_v with_o the_o nerve_n and_o the_o tooth_n become_v sensible_a whereas_o to_o other_o bone_n there_o be_v no_o nerve_n at_o all_o convey_v which_o may_v be_v disperse_v into_o their_o cavity_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v true_o say_v that_o bone_n want_v nerve_n although_o the_o membrane_n which_o be_v call_v periostium_fw-la have_v sense_n and_o nerve_n in_o it_o wherefore_o when_o this_o periostium_fw-la which_o be_v of_o exquisite_a sense_n be_v affect_v the_o pain_n may_v be_v think_v to_o be_v in_o the_o bone_n themselves_o when_o it_o be_v only_o in_o the_o membrane_n so_o in_o a_o cicatrice_n which_o have_v no_o sense_n we_o imagine_v we_o feel_v pain_n when_o indeed_o the_o pain_n be_v only_o in_o the_o neighbour_n part_n and_o the_o membrane_n which_o sense_n how_o tooth_n have_v sense_n invest_v the_o liver_n be_v affect_v we_o think_v we_o feel_v pain_n in_o the_o liver_n whereas_o the_o parenchyma_n or_o substance_n of_o the_o liver_n itself_o be_v insensible_a unless_o any_o man_n will_v say_v that_o the_o bone_n have_v sense_n by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o sensative_a soul_n by_o which_o they_o subsist_v and_o yet_o that_o very_o obscure_a because_o the_o hardness_n of_o the_o bone_n do_v very_o much_o resist_v any_o such_o sensation_n and_o thus_o we_o may_v say_v that_o bone_n do_v differ_v from_o plant_n as_o be_v particle_n of_o a_o sensative_a creature_n these_o nerve_n of_o the_o tooth_n be_v very_o small_a yet_o in_o our_o table_n we_o have_v make_v they_o large_a imitate_v therein_o vesalius_n and_o other_o but_o by_o what_o order_n and_o manner_n of_o dissection_n we_o eustachius_n how_o to_o demonstrate_v the_o vessel_n of_o the_o tooth_n eustachius_n use_v to_o make_v demonstration_n of_o the_o
vessel_n and_o nerve_n of_o the_o tooth_n say_v bauhine_v we_o will_v now_o relate_v as_o we_o learn_v it_o out_o of_o eustachius_n these_o vessel_n be_v better_o demonstrate_v in_o the_o jaw_n of_o a_o great_a creature_n as_o for_o example_n in_o a_o ox_n than_o they_o be_v in_o a_o man_n and_o again_o the_o administration_n be_v easy_a in_o the_o low_a jaw_n then_o in_o the_o upper_a we_o take_v therefore_o the_o low_a jaw_n of_o a_o ox_n and_o open_v it_o on_o the_o inside_n &_o present_o we_o meet_v a_o cavity_n full_a of_o marrow_n together_o with_o the_o nerve_n involue_v in_o a_o membrane_n when_o we_o have_v remove_v the_o marrow_n &_o slit_v the_o membrane_n throughout_o his_o length_n then_o may_v we_o perceive_v the_o nerve_n make_v as_o it_o be_v of_o many_o string_n betwixt_o which_o do_v run_v propagation_n of_o vein_n and_o artery_n moreover_o if_o you_o remove_v this_o membrane_n with_o the_o surcle_n of_o the_o nerve_n and_o vessel_n a_o little_a upward_o from_o the_o bone_n careful_o that_o you_o break_v they_o not_o you_o shall_v perceive_v some_o fibre_n distribute_v from_o the_o membrane_n not_o unlike_o the_o lawny_n thread_n of_o a_o cobweb_n in_o like_a manner_n in_o the_o jaw_n of_o a_o ram_n certain_a fibre_n do_v penetrate_v the_o bony_a partition_n which_o be_v betwixt_o the_o nerve_n and_o the_o tooth_n but_o these_o fibre_n be_v most_o conspicuous_a at_o the_o root_n of_o the_o grinder_n from_o these_o grinder_n unto_o the_o dog-teeth_n and_o the_o shearer_n there_o be_v a_o nerve_n convey_v accompany_v with_o a_o artery_n the_o nerve_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o one_o part_n of_o it_o through_o a_o hole_n in_o that_o place_n break_v up_o at_o the_o low_a lip_n and_o a_o branch_n of_o it_o run_v along_o unto_o the_o shearer_n and_o afford_v a_o small_a surcle_n to_o every_o one_o of_o they_o another_o portion_n of_o it_o be_v join_v with_o the_o utter_a part_n of_o the_o root_n the_o second_o part_n which_o be_v also_o the_o slender_a pierce_v into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o tooth_n and_o may_v even_o without_o any_o great_a difficulty_n be_v discern_v even_o in_o man_n and_o true_o it_o be_v a_o strange_a thing_n that_o the_o shearer_n and_o dog-teeth_n which_o be_v the_o less_o and_o have_v but_o one_o root_n have_v notwithstanding_o allow_v they_o great_a and_o conspicuous_a surcle_n of_o vessel_n attain_v to_o their_o insertion_n by_o a_o broad_a and_o open_a way_n whereas_o the_o grinder_n which_o be_v the_o great_a and_o have_v three_o sometime_o four_o root_n be_v allow_v but_o small_a and_o capillary_a surcle_n make_v of_o the_o former_a double_o treble_o and_o fourfold_a divide_v and_o creep_v obscure_o into_o their_o insertion_n again_o if_o a_o grinder_n or_o a_o shearer_n be_v gentle_o and_o by_o degree_n draw_v out_o of_o his_o socket_n you_o shall_v find_v to_o arise_v with_o it_o out_o of_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o jaw_n very_o small_a fibre_n which_o be_v join_v to_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tooth_n you_o may_v also_o observe_v that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o bony_a partition_n be_v full_a of_o a_o mucous_a substance_n which_o be_v not_o unlike_a to_o that_o whereof_o the_o tooth_n and_o their_o hul_n or_o husk_n be_v generate_v again_o when_o the_o tooth_n be_v draw_v in_o the_o extremity_n of_o his_o root_n you_o shall_v find_v a_o matter_n partly_o mucous_a partly_o fibrous_a which_o carry_v a_o resemblance_n or_o show_v of_o a_o nerve_n a_o vein_n and_o a_o artery_n but_o if_o you_o divide_v the_o tooth_n in_o the_o midst_n you_o shall_v find_v a_o mucous_a substance_n weave_v with_o vessel_n and_o some_o fibre_n but_o these_o thing_n may_v be_v better_o see_v in_o the_o jaw_n of_o a_o ox_n or_o of_o a_o ram_n then_o of_o a_o man_n and_o yet_o even_o in_o a_o man_n diligent_a search_n will_v find_v they_o out_o though_o they_o be_v not_o so_o perspicuous_a wherefore_o who_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o there_o be_v a_o pulsative_a or_o beat_a pain_n even_o in_o the_o inner_a part_n of_o the_o tooth_n as_o galen_n and_o eustachius_n have_v witness_v when_o he_o shall_v perceive_v a_o artery_n and_o a_o nerve_n attain_v thereinto_o for_o vein_n why_o shall_v we_o not_o likewise_o believe_v that_o they_o enter_v into_o the_o tooth_n when_o we_o see_v it_o sprinkle_v with_o blood_n in_o man_n and_o in_o ox_n may_v manifest_o perceive_v the_o vessel_n itself_o for_o it_o be_v in_o the_o tooth_n as_o it_o be_v in_o that_o coat_n of_o the_o eye_n call_v adnata_fw-la as_o long_o as_o a_o man_n eye_n be_v well_o dispose_v the_o vein_n therein_o be_v not_o visible_a but_o then_o only_o become_v conspicuous_a when_o it_o be_v inflame_v concern_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o tooth_n the_o opinion_n of_o anatomist_n and_o physician_n be_v anatomist_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o tooth_n diverse_a opinion_n of_o anatomist_n very_o diverse_a some_o think_v they_o have_v no_o sense_n at_o all_o because_o they_o be_v bone_n and_o may_v be_v file_v without_o pain_n other_o think_v they_o have_v sense_n but_o that_o of_o themselves_o without_o nerve_n as_o other_o bone_n have_v and_o these_o man_n imagine_v that_o the_o pain_n of_o the_o tooth_n be_v without_o it_o that_o be_v in_o the_o membrane_n which_o compass_v the_o socket_n other_o think_v they_o live_v and_o have_v sense_n by_o their_o inbred_a heat_n aristotle_n determine_v that_o they_o feel_v cold_a soon_o than_o heat_n and_o be_v more_o affect_v by_o it_o galen_n say_v they_o be_v pain_v they_o beat_v and_o receive_v soft_a nerve_n but_o the_o question_n may_v be_v ask_v what_o part_n of_o the_o tooth_n have_v this_o sensation_n varolius_n answer_v the_o body_n of_o the_o tooth_n but_o on_o the_o inside_n only_o other_o say_v that_o the_o whole_a tooth_n indeed_o have_v sense_n but_o the_o whole_a tooth_n do_v not_o feel_v pain_n it_o perceive_v the_o first_o and_o second_o quality_n but_o the_o first_o quality_n only_o do_v pain_n it_o because_o they_o exercise_v their_o power_n upon_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tooth_n into_o which_o certain_a small_a nerve_n do_v penetrate_v this_o be_v archangelus_n his_o conceit_n and_o laurentius_n have_v almost_o the_o same_o the_o whole_a toothsay_v he_o do_v feel_v but_o more_o exquisite_o on_o the_o inside_n more_o dull_o on_o the_o out_o another_o question_n may_v be_v ask_v whence_o come_v the_o sensation_n that_o payn_v they_o some_o answer_n that_o it_o be_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o nerve_n and_o of_o their_o proper_a substance_n so_o say_v actuarius_n falopius_n think_v the_o pain_n come_v by_o reason_n of_o a_o thin_a membrane_n compass_v about_o the_o inner_a cavity_n other_o ascribe_v the_o cause_n to_o the_o nerve_n and_o the_o membrane_n joint_o other_o to_o the_o nerve_n which_o cleave_v to_o the_o neighbour_n part_n and_o to_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tooth_n only_o other_o to_o the_o nerve_n that_o enter_v the_o tooth_n and_o a_o membrane_n that_o cleave_v to_o the_o root_n thereof_o as_o it_o be_v a_o periostium_fw-la other_o to_o a_o nerve_n which_o penetrate_v the_o substance_n these_o and_o such_o like_a be_v the_o diverse_a opinion_n of_o anatomist_n concern_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o tooth_n bauhine_n interpose_v his_o opinion_n on_o this_o manner_n the_o tooth_n say_v he_o do_v feel_v and_o the_o faculty_n of_o sensation_n be_v communicate_v to_o their_o resolution_n bauhine_v resolution_n substance_n by_o the_o mediation_n of_o a_o very_a thin_a membrane_n which_o compass_v the_o inward_a cavity_n of_o the_o tooth_n light_o hang_v unto_o it_o and_o also_o of_o a_o soft_a nerve_n which_o attain_v into_o the_o same_o cavity_n thus_o the_o tooth_n have_v a_o proper_a kind_n of_o touch_v which_o we_o can_v in_o word_n so_o well_o express_v as_o by_o instance_n for_o upon_o the_o eat_n of_o sour_a or_o sharp_a meat_n the_o tooth_n be_v affect_v with_o a_o kind_n of_o stupor_n and_o then_o we_o common_o say_v our_o tooth_n be_v set_v on_o edge_n which_o kind_n of_o sensation_n be_v proper_a only_o to_o the_o tooth_n and_o the_o gum_n and_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o symptom_n of_o the_o touch_a faculty_n but_o we_o must_v conceive_v that_o each_o part_n of_o the_o tooth_n be_v not_o equal_o sensible_a but_o that_o the_o inside_n which_o be_v near_a to_o the_o nerve_n and_o the_o membrane_n be_v of_o quick_a apprehension_n than_o the_o outside_n for_o the_o outside_n partly_o because_o of_o the_o spisse_fw-la and_o hard_a substance_n which_o like_o a_o shell_n cover_v the_o inward_a part_n of_o the_o tooth_n and_o do_v not_o admit_v the_o power_n of_o the_o nerve_n or_o the_o impression_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n partly_o because_o it_o be_v continual_o accustom_v to_o the_o mutation_n that_o come_v from_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n be_v not_o so_o sensible_a even_o
so_o we_o see_v that_o the_o callous_a skin_n in_o the_o hand_n and_o foot_n of_o a_o labour_a man_n be_v almost_o altogether_o without_o sense_n though_o the_o skin_n itself_o natural_o dispose_v be_v very_o sensible_a wherefore_o that_o part_n which_o be_v without_o the_o gum_n or_o the_o shell_n of_o the_o tooth_n be_v not_o ffend_v by_o hard_a and_o rough_a thing_n for_o though_o it_o be_v cut_v or_o file_v or_o burn_v with_o hot_a iron_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o pain_v neither_o be_v there_o any_o sense_n or_o sign_n of_o sense_n follow_v thereupon_o especial_o the_o height_n or_o top_n of_o the_o tooth_n which_o be_v make_v solid_a to_o break_v the_o meat_n &_o therefore_o the_o cavity_n not_o attain_v so_o far_o the_o nerve_n also_o come_v short_a of_o it_o the_o reason_n why_o a_o part_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o tooth_n be_v not_o pain_v by_o fire_n or_o by_o hot_a iron_n aritaeus_n say_v be_v know_v only_o to_o the_o go_n as_o for_o we_o we_o can_v say_v nothing_o but_o that_o it_o be_v a_o peculiar_a to_o the_o tooth_n that_o they_o be_v not_o equal_o affect_v either_o by_o all_o thing_n that_o make_v alteration_n in_o they_o or_o by_o those_o thing_n which_o may_v offend_v they_o but_o be_v more_o affect_v by_o heat_n and_o cold_a then_o by_o any_o other_o quality_n &_o by_o cold_a more_o than_o by_o heat_n yet_o to_o give_v some_o satisfaction_n we_o say_v that_o the_o tooth_n be_v not_o offend_v by_o moist_a or_o dry_a by_o soft_a or_o hard_a thing_n because_o their_o quality_n be_v not_o so_o sudden_o communicate_v to_o the_o membrane_n or_o to_o the_o nerve_n but_o they_o be_v affect_v by_o hot_a and_o cold_a thing_n because_o the_o animal_n spirit_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o tooth_n and_o diffuse_v through_o the_o same_o be_v thereby_o alter_v for_o those_o active_a quality_n do_v pierce_v on_o every_o side_n affect_v and_o change_v together_o with_o their_o substance_n the_o animal_n spirit_n and_o by_o succession_n also_o the_o membrane_n and_o the_o nerve_n and_o true_o it_o be_v very_o reasonable_a to_o imagine_v that_o in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o tooth_n there_o be_v great_a tooth_n great_a store_n of_o animal_n spirit_n in_o the_o tooth_n store_n of_o animal_n spirit_n more_o they_o in_o other_o bone_n first_o because_o they_o receive_v soft_a nerve_n into_o their_o cavity_n and_o again_o because_o their_o internal_a substance_n be_v somewhat_o rare_a make_v of_o a_o mucous_a matter_n condensated_a or_o thickness_n observe_v also_o that_o the_o pain_n which_o be_v feel_v in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o tooth_n differ_v much_o from_o that_o pain_n which_o be_v in_o the_o gum_n either_o from_o their_o distemper_n or_o from_o any_o flux_n of_o humour_n into_o they_o and_o from_o the_o pain_n which_o be_v feel_v in_o the_o nerve_n that_o run_v under_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tooth_n the_o use_n of_o their_o sensation_n be_v think_v to_o be_v first_o that_o be_v expose_v to_o outward_a injury_n sense_n the_o use_n of_o their_o sense_n and_o have_v no_o periostium_fw-la to_o compass_v they_o about_o it_o be_v fit_v they_o shall_v have_v a_o ingenite_fw-la principle_n of_o sense_n that_o they_o may_v be_v able_a to_o discern_v betwixt_o that_o which_o be_v profitable_a and_o hurtful_a again_o if_o we_o will_v believe_v galen_n in_o the_o second_o chapter_n of_o his_o 16._o book_n de_fw-la usu_fw-la partium_fw-la as_o all_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o mouth_n so_o likewise_o the_o tooth_n do_v after_o a_o sort_n discern_v of_o sapour_n or_o taste_n and_o for_o that_o purpose_n they_o receive_v soft_a nerve_n for_o as_o the_o skin_n have_v sense_n yet_o through_o the_o cuticle_n or_o scarffe-skinne_n which_o be_v not_o sensible_a so_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o tooth_n be_v apprehensive_a of_o tactile_a quality_n through_o the_o bony_a part_n like_v as_o the_o nervous_a membrane_n which_o be_v under_o the_o nail_n do_v feel_v heat_n and_o cold_a through_o the_o nail_n which_o have_v no_o sense_n at_o all_o and_o so_o much_o shall_v have_v be_v sufficient_a to_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o tooth_n now_o we_o come_v unto_o their_o cavity_n chap._n xvii_o of_o the_o inward_a cavity_n and_o membrane_n of_o the_o tooth_n we_o say_v before_o that_o the_o vessel_n and_o the_o nerve_n do_v enter_v into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o tooth_n and_o therefore_o it_o will_v be_v very_a fit_n we_o shall_v acquaint_v you_o what_o this_o cavity_n be_v all_o the_o tooth_n be_v hollow_a on_o the_o inside_n table_n 11._o fig._n 3._o i_o but_o this_o cavity_n be_v tooth_n the_o cavity_n of_o the_o tooth_n great_a or_o lesser_a according_a to_o the_o magnitude_n or_o figure_n of_o the_o tooth_n which_o thing_n also_o aristotle_n acknowledge_v in_o the_o 7._o chapter_n of_o his_o 3._o book_n de_fw-fr historia_fw-la animalium_fw-la where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o tooth_n be_v bone_n partly_o concavous_a and_o partly_o solid_a norwithstand_v some_o new_a anatomist_n have_v be_v so_o impudent_a as_o to_o challenge_v to_o themselves_o the_o invention_n or_o find_v out_o this_o cavity_n galen_n indeed_o in_o those_o book_n of_o his_o which_z be_v extant_a do_v not_o write_v how_o great_a or_o what_o a_o kind_n of_o cavity_n this_o be_v nor_o yet_o what_o be_v contain_v therein_o yet_o because_o ofttimes_o he_o make_v mention_n of_o the_o den_n of_o the_o tooth_n it_o be_v not_o likely_a that_o he_o be_v ignorant_a of_o they_o for_o if_o he_o have_v believe_v that_o the_o tooth_n in_o their_o first_o original_a have_v have_v no_o cavity_n it_o have_v be_v a_o idle_a thing_n for_o he_o in_o vehement_a pain_n of_o the_o tooth_n to_o command_v that_o their_o solid_a substance_n shall_v be_v perforate_v with_o a_o small_a wimble_a or_o pierce_a in_o the_o nine_o chapter_n of_o his_o 5._o book_n the_o compositione_n medicamentorum_fw-la secundumloca_fw-la again_o hypocrates_n in_o the_o 4._o epidemiâ—n_o repot_v that_o a_o child_n tooth_n be_v eat_v with_o acorrode_a ulcer_n those_o especial_o that_o have_v cavity_n or_o be_v hollow_a whereby_o hypocrates_n do_v insinuate_v first_o that_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o tooth_n may_v be_v corrode_v and_o second_o that_o they_o have_v a_o natural_a cavity_n in_o they_o this_o cavity_n be_v in_o child_n of_o seven_o year_n old_a and_o somewhat_o upward_o very_o large_a and_o circumscribe_v with_o a_o thin_a scale_n very_o like_a unto_o a_o honeycomb_n it_o be_v also_o full_a of_o a_o white_a therein_o the_o humour_n therein_o humour_n not_o of_o marrow_n such_o as_o we_o may_v see_v in_o the_o sweet-tooth_n of_o a_o calf_n when_o it_o be_v bring_v sodden_a unto_o the_o table_n but_o this_o humour_n in_o process_n of_o time_n be_v dry_v become_v hard_a and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n turn_v bony_a and_o so_o the_o cavity_n be_v every_o day_n diminish_v yet_o so_o that_o in_o the_o midst_n at_o the_o root_n there_o remain_v always_o a_o sinus_n which_o scarce_o reach_v above_o the_o height_n of_o the_o gum_n for_o it_o be_v necessary_a there_o shall_v be_v a_o empty_a space_n leave_v because_o of_o the_o insertion_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o the_o dilatation_n of_o the_o artery_n yet_o some_o man_n affirm_v that_o the_o pulsation_n we_o feel_v in_o our_o tooth_n do_v not_o proceed_v from_o the_o beat_n of_o the_o artery_n but_o from_o a_o spirit_n or_o air_n move_v as_o sometime_o we_o find_v it_o to_o be_v in_o our_o ear_n these_o thing_n say_v eustachius_n be_v best_a perceive_v in_o the_o grind_n tooth_n of_o a_o ox_n break_v and_o in_o a_o calf_n and_o a_o lamb_n each_o grinder_n have_v three_o cavity_n one_o anterior_a another_o tooth_n 3_o cavity_n in_o a_o calf_n tooth_n posterior_n &_o the_o three_o in_o the_o midst_n and_o the_o middlemost_a cavity_n be_v perforate_v with_o a_o crooked_a hole_n like_o the_o letter_n c_o which_o reach_v as_o far_o as_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o gum_n in_o the_o two_o other_o cavity_n there_o be_v a_o mucous_a matter_n contain_v which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n as_o the_o tooth_n grow_v perfect_a turn_v bony_a beside_o because_o in_o these_o creature_n we_o find_v oftentimes_o two_o sometime_o three_o sometime_o four_a grind_a tooth_n join_v together_o nature_n to_o make_v a_o mutual_a consent_n between_o they_o have_v perforate_v the_o bony_a partition_n with_o a_o transuerse_a hole_n through_o which_o a_o matter_n like_o a_o small_a membrane_n pass_v out_o of_o one_o cavity_n into_o another_o as_o surcle_n of_o vessel_n do_v pass_v through_o their_o perforation_n this_o cavity_n be_v compass_v with_o a_o membranous_a substance_n which_o falopius_n and_o laurentius_n call_v a_o thin_a membrane_n goreus_fw-la say_v it_o be_v a_o production_n of_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la columbus_n esteem_v it_o to_o be_v make_v of_o
and_o establish_v the_o generation_n diverse_a opinion_n of_o their_o generation_n extremity_n of_o the_o body_n and_o therefore_o if_o they_o fail_v or_o fall_v away_o it_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o great_a weakness_n three_o aristotle_n in_o the_o sixth_o chap._n of_o his_o 2_o book_n the_o generatione_n animal_n say_v that_o the_o nail_n the_o hair_n horn_n beak_n of_o bird_n hoof_n and_o such_o like_a be_v engender_v of_o adventitious_a aliment_n four_o columbus_n remember_v that_o some_o think_v the_o nail_n be_v amass_v of_o a_o part_n of_o a_o bone_n of_o a_o nerve_n of_o skin_n yea_o some_o say_v also_o of_o flesh_n but_o he_o do_v not_o easy_o subscribe_v to_o their_o conceit_n columbus_n say_v they_o take_v their_o original_n partly_o from_o the_o skin_n partly_o from_o the_o tendon_n of_o the_o muscle_n which_o extend_v the_o finger_n and_o the_o toe_n bauhine_n say_v that_o some_o conceyve_v they_o to_o arise_v from_o the_o crass_a excrement_n of_o the_o three_o concoction_n and_o therefore_o that_o they_o continual_o grow_v by_o a_o imperfect_a acretion_n make_v by_o the_o apposition_n only_o or_o addition_n of_o aliment_n whence_o say_v they_o it_o be_v that_o they_o grow_v only_o in_o length_n not_o in_o breadth_n or_o depth_n and_o therefore_o be_v to_o be_v exclude_v out_o of_o the_o number_n of_o live_a part_n notwithstanding_o galen_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr admin_n anatom_n witness_v that_o there_o be_v convey_v to_o the_o root_n of_o the_o nail_n a_o vein_n a_o artery_n and_o a_o nerve_n by_o which_o they_o receive_v aliment_n life_n and_o sense_n as_o other_o part_n do_v and_o true_o not_o only_o two_o nerve_n be_v convey_v unto_o the_o root_n of_o the_o nail_n but_o also_o do_v creep_v under_o the_o nail_n together_o with_o the_o vein_n unto_o the_o very_a top_n of_o the_o finger_n yet_o we_o do_v not_o say_v that_o the_o nail_n have_v sense_n because_o they_o be_v not_o distribute_v throughout_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o nail_n no_o more_o than_o be_v the_o vein_n which_o unburthen_v themselves_o of_o the_o aliment_n at_o the_o root_n of_o the_o nail_n we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o the_o nail_n be_v increase_v like_o the_o tooth_n by_o a_o apposition_n of_o aliment_n to_o their_o root_n which_o be_v the_o best_a way_n because_o they_o be_v every_o day_n wear_v and_o therefore_o have_v more_o need_n to_o be_v restore_v in_o their_o length_n then_o in_o their_o breadth_n and_o thickness_n their_o substance_n be_v of_o a_o middle_a nature_n betwixt_o bone_n and_o gristle_n moderate_o hard_a substance_n their_o substance_n the_o better_a to_o bear_v the_o violence_n of_o outward_a injure_v flexible_a or_o buxom_a that_o they_o shall_v not_o break_v but_o give_v way_n to_o violence_n pellucide_n or_o transparent_a and_o therefore_o they_o be_v either_o red_a or_o livid_a according_a to_o their_o flesh_n under_o they_o thin_a they_o be_v and_o convex_n that_o they_o may_v lie_v more_o snog_o upon_o the_o finger_n and_o this_o also_o make_v much_o for_o their_o security_n for_o if_o they_o stand_v off_o from_o the_o flesh_n they_o will_v easy_o be_v tear_v from_o their_o root_n again_o to_o make_v they_o more_o steadfast_a they_o be_v fasten_v at_o their_o root_n with_o a_o ligament_n &_o because_o they_o must_v needs_o grow_v to_o the_o flesh_n and_o the_o skin_n therefore_o the_o skin_n on_o the_o outside_n compass_v the_o root_n round_o but_o the_o flesh_n grow_v to_o they_o more_o inward_a under_o the_o nail_n as_o far_o as_o to_o the_o very_a extremity_n or_o end_n of_o the_o finger_n the_o tendon_n of_o muscle_n do_v pass_v and_o be_v dilate_v under_o they_o which_o thing_n say_v columbus_n i_o first_o observe_v and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o part_n under_o they_o be_v of_o so_o exquisite_a sense_n and_o the_o pain_n so_o great_a if_o any_o sharp_a splinter_n or_o such_o like_a do_v get_v under_o the_o nail_n the_o use_n of_o the_o nail_n be_v to_o defend_v the_o end_n of_o the_o finger_n which_o be_v very_o soft_a that_o they_o use_n the_o use_n be_v not_o offend_v by_o outward_a occurrent_n their_o hardness_n therefore_o give_v a_o firmitude_n unto_o the_o softness_n of_o the_o flesh_n again_o the_o hand_n have_v nail_n for_o better_a apprehension_n for_o we_o can_v not_o have_v take_v hold_n of_o many_o small_a thing_n unless_o there_o have_v be_v fasten_v some_o hard_a body_n to_o strengthen_v &_o establish_v the_o fleshy_a extremity_n of_o the_o finger_n which_o must_v be_v also_o sharp_a or_o edge_a to_o enclose_v a_o fine_a and_o slender_a body_n that_o otherwise_o will_v have_v slip_v from_o betwixt_o they_o the_o toe_n have_v nail_n to_o cover_v and_o defend_v their_o extremity_n &_o beside_o in_o station_n to_o bear_v the_o toe_n against_o the_o ground_n with_o more_o resistance_n as_o for_o scratch_v or_o claw_v or_o any_o such_o other_o use_n of_o the_o nail_n we_o think_v it_o to_o be_v of_o the_o by_o and_o not_o of_o the_o main_n thus_o at_o length_n have_v we_o through_o the_o divine_a assistance_n bring_v unto_o end_n a_o long_a and_o painful_a labour_n worthy_a indeed_o to_o have_v be_v undertake_v by_o a_o man_n of_o more_o sufficiency_n and_o of_o great_a experience_n in_o this_o art_n then_o i_o will_v have_v myself_o esteem_v to_o be_v my_o age_n conclusion_n the_o conclusion_n and_o mean_v not_o afford_v i_o time_n or_o opportunity_n to_o do_v that_o which_o i_o have_v earnest_o ever_o affect_v but_o for_o recompense_v of_o these_o defect_n gentle_a reader_n i_o have_v press_v the_o footstep_n of_o the_o best_a and_o most_o approve_a author_n wherein_o as_o my_o first_o and_o most_o simple_a intent_n be_v the_o better_n of_o my_o own_o knowledge_n in_o so_o necessary_a a_o part_n of_o my_o profession_n so_o be_v persuade_v that_o thy_o profit_n may_v fall_v in_o with_o the_o same_o i_o have_v set_v before_o thou_o a_o mirror_n wherein_o thou_o may_v see_v the_o true_a representation_n of_o thy_o own_o original_a structure_n growth_n and_o accomplishment_n &_o learn_v thereby_o to_o give_v the_o glory_n and_o profit_n of_o thy_o creation_n to_o he_o that_o according_a to_o his_o mighty_a work_v do_v first_o pour_v thou_o forth_o as_o a_o few_o drop_n of_o milk_n and_o after_o curdle_a and_o sam_v thou_o uppe_o into_o so_o exquisite_a a_o form_n as_o thou_o be_v become_v the_o most_o wonderful_a of_o all_o his_o work_n of_o wonder_n to_o he_o therefore_o so_o admire_v and_o propitious_a a_o creator_n ascribe_v with_o i_o all_o honour_n and_o praise_n and_o consecrate_v the_o glorious_a temple_n of_o thy_o body_n and_o the_o altar_n of_o thy_o soul_n unto_o that_o deity_n who_o create_v they_o first_o of_o nothing_o redeem_v they_o when_o they_o be_v worse_o than_o naught_o and_o have_v promise_v eternal_a mansion_n for_o they_o to_o partake_v with_o himself_o of_o everlasting_a felicity_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d finis_fw-la â§_o the_o printer_n to_o the_o reader_n when_o i_o intend_v first_o this_o excellent_a labour_n courteous_a reader_n my_o absolute_a purpose_n aim_v at_o the_o ingenious_a work_n of_o m._n ambrose_n parae_fw-la chirurgeon_n to_o the_o most_o christian_n king_n of_o france_n henry_n the_o three_o a_o man_n of_o admirable_a perfection_n in_o his_o art_n and_o profession_n whereto_o i_o be_v the_o rather_o incite_v because_o his_o first_o five_o book_n begin_v with_o this_o present_a argument_n of_o anatomy_n a_o matter_n much_o affect_v by_o i_o but_o find_v his_o scope_n far_o short_a of_o so_o deliberate_a a_o determination_n &_o that_o more_o mature_a discourse_n flow_v from_o those_o two_o famous_a anatomist_n jaspar_n baubinus_n and_o andreas_n laurentius_n with_o diverse_a other_o author_n write_v on_o the_o same_o argument_n i_o make_v choice_n for_o this_o time_n to_o be_v govern_v by_o their_o worthy_a instruction_n although_o to_o my_o no_o mean_a care_n and_o cost_v it_o have_v rise_v to_o so_o great_a a_o volume_n which_o in_o the_o first_o intention_n be_v imagine_v to_o comprise_v the_o whole_a frame_n or_o building_n yet_o let_v i_o not_o be_v misinterpret_v herein_o as_o one_o fearful_a to_o adventure_v on_o a_o work_n of_o far_o great_a moment_n the_o author_n be_v so_o renown_v and_o the_o expectation_n only_o to_o the_o public_a benefit_n of_o my_o country_n for_o thus_o much_o i_o assure_v thou_o the_o figure_n piece_n and_o shape_v belong_v to_o the_o remain_a book_n of_o paraes_n chirurgery_n be_v already_o prepare_v &_o the_o work_n itself_o full_o translate_v for_o the_o press_n which_o by_o thy_o gentle_a acceptance_n of_o this_o my_o first_o adventure_n in_o this_o kind_n will_v fly_v unto_o thou_o with_o the_o swift_a speed_n farewell_n
which_o no_o man_n in_o his_o right_a wit_n but_o will_v easy_o confess_v or_o let_v he_o but_o prick_v his_o finger_n and_o he_o shall_v see_v it_o avicen_n fen_n prima_fw-la doctrina_fw-la 5._o cap._n primo_fw-la define_v that_o to_o be_v a_o principal_a part_n which_o have_v in_o itself_o the_o original_a or_o beginning_n of_o the_o first_o and_o chief_a faculty_n of_o the_o part_n auicens_fw-la desition_n or_o a_o principal_a part_n body_n or_o wherein_o the_o power_n or_o efficacy_n of_o those_o faculty_n by_o which_o the_o body_n be_v disperse_v or_o govern_v do_v as_o in_o his_o chief_a seat_n especial_o reside_v and_o manifest_v itself_o some_o of_o the_o late_a writer_n have_v define_v a_o principal_a part_n to_o be_v that_o which_o out_o of_o itself_o exhibit_v and_o writer_n a_o definition_n of_o the_o late_a writer_n communicate_v to_o other_o part_n some_o active_a instrument_n as_o for_o instance_n a_o spirit_n so_o that_o which_o of_o all_o these_o definition_n we_o accept_v of_o it_o will_v still_o remain_v that_o there_o be_v three_o principal_a part_n the_o brain_n the_o heart_n and_o the_o liver_n for_o if_o we_o respect_v necessity_n these_o only_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a if_o the_o original_n of_o the_o faculty_n in_o the_o brain_n reside_v and_o shine_v the_o animal_n the_o vital_a in_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o natural_a in_o the_o liver_n if_o the_o instrument_n then_o from_o the_o brain_n flow_v the_o animal_n spirit_n by_o the_o sinew_n the_o vital_a from_o the_o heart_n by_o the_o artery_n the_o natural_a from_o the_o liver_n by_o the_o vein_n and_o by_o those_o passage_n be_v all_o diffuse_v from_o their_o fountain_n in_o the_o whole_a body_n galen_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr arte_fw-la parua_fw-la add_v to_o the_o principal_a part_n a_o four_o to_o wit_n the_o testicle_n not_o in_o respect_n to_o the_o individuum_fw-la or_o particular_a creature_n but_o because_o they_o be_v of_o absolute_a necessity_n for_o the_o conservation_n of_o the_o kind_n and_o production_n of_o increase_n for_o the_o testicle_n indeed_o do_v not_o make_v allowance_n to_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o any_o matter_n or_o faculty_n or_o spirit_n but_o only_o of_o a_o quality_n together_o with_o a_o subtle_a and_o thin_a breath_n or_o air_n from_o which_o the_o flesh_n have_v a_o rank_n taste_v of_o the_o seed_n and_o the_o body_n a_o strength_n or_o far_a ability_n in_o the_o performance_n of_o his_o action_n qvest._n four_o which_o of_o all_o the_o principal_a part_n be_v the_o most_o noble_a have_v praemise_v this_o disputation_n concern_v the_o number_n of_o the_o principal_a part_n it_o remain_v because_o we_o will_v have_v nothing_o want_v which_o may_v give_v satisfaction_n to_o such_o as_o desire_v it_o that_o we_o inquire_v which_o of_o all_o the_o principal_a part_n be_v worthy_o to_o be_v prefer_v above_o the_o rest_n galen_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr semine_fw-la prefer_v the_o testicle_n to_o the_o heart_n where_o he_o say_v the_o heart_n be_v indeed_o the_o author_n of_o live_v but_o the_o testicle_n heart_n galen_n prefer_v the_o testicle_n before_o the_o heart_n be_v they_o which_o add_v a_o betterness_n or_o far_a degree_n of_o perfection_n to_o the_o life_n because_o if_o they_o be_v take_v away_o the_o jollity_n and_o courage_n of_o the_o creature_n be_v extinguish_v the_o male_n follow_v not_o his_o female_n the_o vein_n lose_v their_o latitude_n and_o become_v sink_v &_o narrow_a the_o pulse_n abate_v of_o his_o strength_n and_o become_v weak_a dull_a and_o languish_v the_o skin_n be_v pile_v and_o bare_a whereupon_o such_o man_n be_v call_v glabriones_n and_o in_o a_o word_n all_o virility_n galen_n glabriones_fw-la galen_n or_o manhood_n vanish_v away_o galen_n add_v the_o testicle_n be_v another_o fountain_n or_o wellspring_n of_o inbred_a heat_n the_o feu-place_n or_o fire-hearth_n where_o the_o lares_fw-la or_o household-god_n of_o the_o body_n do_v solace_n and_o disport_v themselves_o from_o hence_o the_o whole_a body_n receyve_v power_n wherein_o the_o testicle_n do_v show_v their_o power_n a_o increase_n of_o heat_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v not_o only_a foecundity_n but_o also_o a_o great_a alteration_n of_o the_o temper_n the_o habit_n the_o proper_a substance_n yea_o and_o of_o the_o manner_n themselves_o so_o that_o to_o say_v true_a their_o power_n be_v very_o great_a and_o almost_o incredible_a then_o especial_o know_v when_o it_o be_v want_v as_o we_o may_v observe_v in_o eunuch_n wherefore_o as_o to_o be_v and_o live_v well_o be_v more_o excellent_a then_o simple_o to_o live_v and_o have_v a_o idle_a and_o sluggish_a existence_n so_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o former_a which_o be_v the_o testicle_n be_v more_o excellent_a than_o that_o of_o the_o latter_a which_o be_v the_o heart_n a_o probable_a but_o a_o sophistical_a argument_n answer_v galens_n subtle_a argument_n answer_v true_a it_o be_v that_o which_o give_v better_a life_n if_o it_o give_v life_n also_o be_v more_o excellent_a than_o that_o which_o give_v life_n only_o but_o the_o testicle_n do_v not_o give_v life_n at_o all_o the_o creature_n can_v live_v without_o they_o they_o add_v indeed_o a_o perfection_n not_o to_o life_n that_o be_v to_o the_o concreate_v as_o we_o say_v but_o to_o live_n that_o be_v to_o the_o abstract_n so_o do_v the_o eye_n so_o do_v other_o part_n without_o which_o a_o man_n shall_v live_v but_o in_o live_v shall_v be_v miserable_a the_o heart_n therefore_o give_v the_o substance_n the_o testicle_n exhibit_v but_o a_o additament_n which_o may_v be_v away_o albeit_o it_o be_v with_o notable_a detriment_n detriment_n i_o say_v not_o of_o that_o which_o the_o heart_n give_v which_o be_v the_o substance_n but_o of_o that_o which_o themselves_o afford_v which_o be_v a_o complement_n now_o that_o a_o substance_n be_v of_o more_o excellence_n than_o a_o complement_n no_o man_n will_v deny_v the_o heart_n therefore_o be_v more_o noble_a than_o hart_n whether_o the_o brain_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o the_o hart_n the_o testicle_n but_o the_o heart_n have_v a_o great_a concurrent_a in_o this_o plea_n of_o honour_n which_o be_v the_o brain_n the_o peripatetike_n and_o aristotle_n their_o prince_n together_o with_o the_o whole_a family_n almost_o of_o stoic_n the_o opinion_n of_o the_o peripatetik_n &_o stoic_n the_o stoic_n especial_o chrysippus_n do_v give_v the_o pre-eminence_n to_o the_o heart_n as_o well_o because_o it_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o midst_n which_o be_v the_o place_n of_o honour_n as_o also_o because_o it_o be_v a_o live_n and_o abundant_a fountain_n of_o native_a heat_n and_o final_o because_o it_o be_v the_o special_a habitation_n of_o the_o soul_n for_o even_o hypocrates_n himself_o the_o oracle_n of_o physic_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr cord_n place_v hypocrates_n hypocrates_n the_o soul_n in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o they_o call_v the_o heart_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d quasi_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d signify_v empire_n or_o rule_n come_v from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o command_v but_o all_o this_o notwithstanding_o we_o be_v enforce_v to_o yield_v the_o superiority_n to_o the_o brain_n part_n we_o determine_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o prime_n principal_a part_n because_o his_o function_n be_v more_o divine_a and_o more_o noble_a than_o those_o of_o the_o heart_n for_o example_n all_o sense_n and_o voluntary_a motion_n proceed_v from_o it_o the_o habitation_n it_o be_v of_o wisdom_n the_o shrine_n of_o memory_n judgement_n and_o discourse_n which_o be_v the_o prerogative_n of_o man_n above_o all_o other_o creature_n this_o be_v the_o prince_n of_o the_o family_n and_o the_o head_n be_v the_o head_n of_o the_o tribe_n all_o other_o part_n be_v but_o attendant_n though_o some_o serve_v in_o more_o honourable_a place_n than_o other_o and_o owe_v homage_n unto_o it_o yea_o all_o be_v create_v only_o for_o his_o use_n and_o behoof_n brain_n a_o elegant_a demonstration_n how_o all_o the_o body_n be_v serviceable_a to_o the_o brain_n for_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o intelligible_a or_o understand_a faculty_n it_o be_v requisite_a first_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v supply_v with_o phantasm_n or_o representation_n these_o representation_n can_v not_o be_v exhibit_v and_o represent_v to_o the_o understanding_n but_o by_o the_o ministry_n of_o the_o outward_a sense_n for_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o philosophy_n nihil_fw-la est_fw-la in_o intellectu_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la prius_fw-la fuit_fw-la in_o sensu_fw-la there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o understanding_n or_o intellect_n which_o be_v not_o first_o in_o the_o sense_n it_o be_v necessary_a therefore_o that_o the_o sense_n shall_v be_v create_v for_o the_o intellect_n furthermore_o the_o sense_n can_v not_o have_v be_v perfect_a unless_o the_o
that_o lift_v up_o the_o eye_n the_o second_o be_v very_o conspicuous_a under_o the_o optic_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o many_o surcle_n and_o disperse_v into_o the_o muscle_n which_o lead_v the_o eye_n to_o the_o inner_a angle_n the_o three_o be_v bifurcate_v and_o insert_v in_o many_o string_n into_o that_o muscle_n which_o draw_v the_o eye_n direct_o downward_o the_o four_o be_v convey_v into_o the_o sixth_o muscle_n which_o lead_v the_o eye_n round_o or_o roll_v it_o unto_o the_o utter_a angle_n there_o be_v also_o say_v falopius_n and_o with_o he_o laurentius_n and_o bauhine_n certain_a small_a and_o muscle_n a_o consent_n betwixt_o the_o 2._o conjugation_n and_o the_o temporal_a muscle_n threddy_o fibres_n which_o accompany_v the_o optic_a nerve_n be_v disseminated_a into_o the_o external_a membrane_n of_o the_o eye_n in_o some_o man_n though_o it_o be_v not_o very_o ordinary_a say_v columbus_n and_o archangelus_n but_o falopius_n and_o laurentius_n deny_v it_o some_o branch_n be_v send_v from_o this_o second_o conjugation_n to_o the_o temporal_a muscle_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o when_o that_o muscle_n be_v offend_v the_o eye_n partake_v with_o it_o and_o on_o the_o contrary_n the_o use_n of_o this_o conjugation_n be_v to_o confer_v the_o move_a faculty_n unto_o the_o muscle_n &_o the_o tractive_a faculty_n unto_o the_o membrans_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n now_o the_o reason_n why_o when_o one_o eye_n be_v use_n the_o use_n move_v to_o one_o side_n the_o other_o eye_n also_o follow_v his_o motion_n necessary_o be_v to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o nerve_n themselves_o which_o in_o their_o original_n be_v continual_a that_o be_v do_v immediate_o join_v together_o and_o so_o much_o of_o the_o first_o and_o second_o coniugation_n which_o be_v the_o optic_a and_o move_a nerve_n of_o the_o eye_n now_o we_o proceed_v chap._n xxiii_o of_o the_o three_o and_o four_o coniugation_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o three_o conjugation_n tab._n 22._o fig._n 1_o and_o 2_o l_o be_v send_v unto_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o face_n and_o be_v common_o call_v the_o lesser_a root_n of_o the_o three_o pair_n but_o conjugation_n the_o 3._o conjugation_n say_v bauhine_v because_o it_o be_v never_o join_v with_o the_o conjugation_n follow_v tab._n 22._o fig._n 1_o and_o 2_o l_o with_o h_n neither_o in_o the_o begin_n nor_o in_o the_o progress_n yet_o have_v nothing_o common_a therewith_o and_o because_o it_o grow_v out_o of_o order_n in_o respect_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n therefore_o say_v he_o it_o may_v worthy_o be_v call_v a_o peculiar_a conjugation_n original_n his_o original_n it_o be_v say_v to_o arise_v from_o that_o side_n of_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n where_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n take_v his_o original_n therefrom_o tab._n 22._o fig._n 1_o d_o but_o falopius_n in_o his_o observation_n have_v it_o thus_o and_o better_o it_o arise_v from_o the_o low_a and_o backward_o part_v of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n or_o those_o process_n thereof_o which_o be_v call_v the_o buttock_n bauhine_n add_v that_o division_n division_n their_o original_n be_v very_o small_a and_o run_v direct_o under_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n to_o the_o side_n outward_a and_o perforate_v alone_o the_o dura_n meninx_n on_o either_o hand_n then_o be_v fasten_v to_o the_o second_o pair_n tab._n 22._o fig._n 1_o x_o it_o enter_v into_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o eye_n together_o with_o it_o by_o a_o perforation_n common_a to_o they_o both_o and_o be_v divide_v into_o four_o branch_n according_a to_o vesalius_n columbus_n platerus_n and_o bauhine_n but_o falopius_n ascribe_v these_o branch_n to_o the_o two_o subsequent_a coniugation_n which_o we_o have_v reckon_v but_o for_o one_o the_o first_o of_o these_o tab._n 22._o fig._n 2_o n_n run_v upward_o through_o the_o fat_a of_o the_o eye_n and_o afford_v a_o branch_n to_o the_o five_o muscle_n place_v in_o the_o inner_a angle_n which_o compass_v it_o unto_o the_o pulley_n falopius_n be_v of_o opinion_n in_o his_o observation_n that_o this_o whole_a conjugation_n be_v bestow_v upon_o this_o muscle_n but_o present_o after_o the_o branch_n we_o make_v mention_v of_o before_o be_v bestow_v it_o fall_v through_o a_o peculiar_a hole_n of_o the_o forehead_n bone_n to_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o forehead_n to_o give_v it_o and_o the_o upper_a eyelid_n motion_n the_o second_o branch_n of_o this_o conjugation_n tab._n 22._o fig._n 2_o o_fw-la be_v low_a than_o the_o former_a &_o run_v downward_o pass_v through_o a_o proper_a hole_n grave_v for_o he_o in_o the_o four_o bone_n of_o the_o jaw_n at_o who_o forepart_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o many_o propagation_n distribute_v into_o the_o muscle_n that_o move_v the_o upper_a lip_n the_o wing_n of_o the_o nose_n outward_a into_o the_o lip_n itself_o and_o the_o gum_n of_o those_o tooth_n that_o be_v call_v incisorij_fw-la or_o the_o shredder_n the_o three_o branch_n tab._n 22._o fig._n 2_o p_o issue_v through_o the_o second_o hole_n of_o the_o upper_a jaw_n behind_o the_o caruncle_n seat_v in_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o eye_n attain_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o nostril_n where_o it_o be_v consume_v into_o their_o coat_n tab._n 22._o fig._n 2_o the_o low_a p_o and_o afford_v a_o branch_n to_o the_o membranous_a muscle_n of_o the_o nose_n which_o contract_v the_o wing_n thereof_o table_n 17._o figure_n 1_o show_v the_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o after-brane_a free_v from_o their_o membrane_n that_o the_o original_n of_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o brain_n may_v be_v better_o perceyve_v figure_n 2_o show_v one_o side_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o after-braine_n the_o spinall_a marrow_n and_o the_o nerve_n tabula_fw-la xxii_o fig_n i._o fig_n ii_o the_o four_o conjugation_n belong_v to_o the_o tongue_n and_o be_v call_v netui_fw-la gust_n aterij_fw-la because_o by_o they_o the_o sense_n of_o gustation_n or_o taste_n be_v make_v t._n 22._o fi_fw-la 2_o m_o this_o conjugation_n lie_v conjugation_n the_o four_o conjugation_n close_o to_o the_o former_a in_o the_o progress_n but_o not_o in_o the_o original_n and_o be_v call_v by_o they_o that_o think_v it_o have_v his_o beginning_n from_o a_o double_a root_n it_o be_v call_v i_o say_v the_o thick_a root_n of_o the_o three_o conjugation_n it_o do_v not_o proceed_v say_v galen_n in_o the_o eight_o chapter_n of_o his_o nine_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la part_n out_o of_o the_o back_n part_n of_o the_o brain_n because_o those_o be_v hard_a nor_o out_o of_o the_o original_a his_o original_a side_n because_o the_o way_n have_v not_o be_v safe_a but_o out_o of_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n where_o the_o forepart_n be_v tie_v to_o the_o hind_a part_n yea_o out_o of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o original_n be_v double_a first_o because_o it_o be_v most_o secure_a and_o again_o because_o it_o be_v the_o ready_a to_o answer_v the_o position_n of_o the_o tongue_n from_o thence_o it_o fall_v direct_o downward_o through_o the_o sixth_o hole_n of_o the_o wedge_n bone_n which_o be_v common_a to_o this_o and_o the_o follow_a conjugation_n tab._n 22._o fig._n 2_o z_o and_o from_o this_o present_o after_o the_o outgate_n yssu_v a_o propagation_n twist_a or_o wreathe_a like_o the_o tendril_n of_o a_o vine_n tab_v 22_o fig._n 1_o a_o that_o so_o say_v some_o it_o may_v by_o degree_n become_v hard_a or_o rather_o that_o the_o animal_n spirit_n may_v have_v a_o little_a stop_n or_o stay_v and_o be_v unite_v by_o two_o branch_n tab._n 22_o fig._n 1_o and_z 2_o bc_n with_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n so_o give_v surcle_n to_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o face_n to_o the_o temporal_a muscle_n to_o the_o grind_a muscle_n of_o the_o cheek_n and_o to_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o face_n when_o it_o have_v allow_v this_o wrinkle_a branch_n it_o descend_v more_o downward_o and_o send_v forth_o a_o shoot_v tab._n 22_o fig._n 2_o s_o which_o afford_v surcle_n forward_o to_o the_o gum_n of_o the_o grind_a tooth_n and_o to_o the_o tooth_n themselves_o in_o their_o order_n yet_o some_o doubt_n whither_o they_o pass_v as_o far_o as_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tooth_n at_o the_o same_o time_n also_o there_o bud_v out_o of_o the_o backside_n a_o three_o propagation_n which_o falopius_n call_v the_o four_o nerve_n of_o the_o three_o pair_n tab_v 22_o fig._n 2_o t_o which_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o muscle_n that_o lurk_v in_o the_o mouth_n and_o pass_v through_o the_o inner_a hole_n of_o the_o low_a jaw_n offer_v surcle_n to_o the_o root_n of_o the_o low_a tooth_n of_o his_o own_o side_n tab._n 22_o fig_n 2_o xx_o and_o by_o the_o help_n of_o these_o nerve_n the_o tooth_n whereas_o other_o bone_n have_v no_o sense_n do_v feel_v the_o occursation_n of_o thing_n that_o be_v offensive_a the_o remainder_n of_o this_o conjugation_n ta._n 22_o