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sense_n church_n father_n word_n 3,081 5 4.2090 3 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A56393 Reasons for abrogating the test imposed upon all members of Parliament, anno 1678, Octob. 30 in these words, I A.B. do solemnly and sincerely, in the presence of God, profess, testifie, and declare, that I do believe that in the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper there is not any transubstantiation of the elements of bread and wine into the body and blood of Christ, at, or after the consecration thereof by any person whatsoever, and that the invocation or adoration of the Virgin Mary, or any other saint, and the sacrifice of the mass, as they are now used in the Church of Rome, are superstitious and idolatrous : first written for the author's own satisfaction, and now published for the benefit of all others whom it may concern. Parker, Samuel, 1640-1688. 1688 (1688) Wing P467; ESTC R5001 62,716 138

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the_o learned_a patriarch_n of_o constantinople_n in_o his_o declaration_n of_o the_o faith_n of_o the_o greek_a church_n in_o answer_n to_o the_o lutheran_n divine_n affirm_v that_o the_o catholic_n church_n believe_v that_o after_o the_o consecration_n the_o bread_n be_v change_v into_o the_o very_a body_n of_o christ_n and_o the_o wine_n into_o the_o very_a blood_n by_o the_o holy_a spirit_n in_o the_o year_n 1570._o be_v hold_v a_o council_n in_o poland_n of_o the_o divine_n of_o the_o ausburg_n the_o helvetian_a and_o the_o bohemian_a confession_n in_o which_o they_o agree_v in_o this_o declaration_n as_o to_o that_o unhappy_a controversy_n of_o the_o supper_n of_o our_o lord_n we_o agree_v in_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o word_n as_o they_o be_v right_o understand_v by_o the_o father_n particular_o by_o irenaeus_n who_o affirm_v that_o the_o mystery_n consist_v of_o two_o thing_n one_o earthly_a and_o another_o heavenly_a neither_o do_v we_o affirm_v that_o the_o element_n and_o 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though_o perhaps_o all_o the_o
church_n declare_v his_o sense_n in_o these_o express_a word_n 11._o i_o affirm_v that_o christ_n be_v indeed_o give_v by_o the_o symbol_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n and_o by_o consequence_n his_o body_n and_o blood_n in_o which_o he_o fulfil_v all_o righteousness_n for_o our_o justification_n and_o as_o by_o that_o we_o be_v ingraft_v into_o his_o body_n so_o by_o this_o be_v we_o make_v partaker_n of_o his_o substance_n by_o virtue_n of_o it_o we_o feel_v the_o communication_n of_o all_o good_a thing_n to_o ourselves_o but_o as_o to_o the_o modus_fw-la 32._o if_o any_o man_n inquire_v of_o i_o i_o be_o not_o ashamed_a to_o confess_v that_o the_o mystery_n be_v too_o sublime_a for_o my_o wit_n to_o comprehend_v or_o to_o express_v and_o to_o speak_v free_o i_o rather_o feel_v than_o understand_v it_o and_o therefore_o here_o without_o controversy_n i_o embrace_v the_o truth_n of_o god_n in_o which_o i_o be_o sure_a i_o may_v safe_o acquisce_n he_o affirm_v that_o his_o flesh_n be_v the_o food_n of_o my_o soul_n and_o his_o blood_n the_o drink_n it_o be_v to_o these_o aliment_n that_o i_o offer_v my_o soul_n to_o be_v nourish_v he_o command_v i_o in_o his_o holy_a supper_n under_o the_o symbol_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n to_o take_v eat_z and_o drink_v his_o body_n and_o blood_n and_o therefore_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o he_o give_v it_o here_o beside_o the_o express_a word_n themselves_o if_o there_o be_v so_o much_o mystery_n in_o the_o thing_n as_o he_o affirm_v there_o be_v much_o more_o than_o mere_a figure_n and_o in_o another_o passage_n he_o thus_o express_v himself_o that_o god_n do_v not_o trifle_n in_o vain_a sign_n but_o do_v in_o good_a earnest_n perform_v what_o be_v represent_v by_o the_o symbol_n viz._n the_o communication_n of_o his_o body_n and_o blood_n and_o that_o the_o figure_n conjoin_v with_o the_o reality_n be_v represent_v by_o the_o bread_n and_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n be_v offer_v and_o exhibit_v with_o it_o the_o true_a substance_n be_v give_v we_o the_o reality_n conjoin_v with_o the_o sign_n so_o that_o we_o be_v make_v partaker_n of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood._n this_o be_v express_a enough_o but_o yet_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr coena_fw-la domini_fw-la he_o declare_v his_o sense_n much_o more_o full_o if_o notwithstanding_o say_v he_o it_o be_v inquire_v whether_o the_o bread_n be_v the_o body_n and_o the_o wine_n the_o blood_n of_o christ_n i_o answer_v that_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v the_o visible_a sign_n that_o represent_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n and_o that_o the_o name_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n be_v give_v to_o they_o because_o they_o be_v the_o instrument_n by_o which_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n be_v give_v to_o we_o this_o form_n of_o speech_n be_v very_o agreeable_a to_o the_o thing_n itself_o for_o see_v the_o communion_n that_o we_o have_v in_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n be_v not_o to_o be_v see_v with_o our_o eye_n nor_o comprehend_v by_o our_o understand_n yet_o it_o be_v there_o manifest_o expose_v to_o our_o eyesight_n of_o which_o we_o have_v a_o very_a proper_a example_n in_o the_o same_o case_n when_o it_o please_v god_n that_o the_o holy_a ghost_n shall_v appear_v at_o the_o baptism_n of_o christ_n he_o be_v please_v to_o represent_v it_o under_o the_o appearance_n of_o a_o dove_n and_o john_n the_o baptist_n give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o transaction_n only_o relate_v that_o he_o see_v the_o holy_a ghost_n descend_v so_o that_o if_o we_o consider_v right_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o he_o see_v nothing_o but_o the_o dove_n for_o the_o essence_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n be_v invisible_a but_o he_o know_v the_o vision_n not_o to_o be_v a_o vain_a apparition_n but_o a_o certain_a sign_n of_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n represent_v to_o he_o in_o that_o manner_n that_o he_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v the_o representation_n the_o same_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v say_v in_o the_o communion_n of_o our_o saviour_n body_n and_o blood_n that_o it_o be_v a_o spiritual_a mystery_n neither_o to_o be_v behold_v with_o eye_n nor_o comprehend_v with_o humane_a understanding_n and_o therefore_o be_v represent_v by_o figure_n and_o sing_v that_o as_o the_o weakness_n of_o our_o nature_n require_v fall_v under_o our_o sense_n so_o as_o it_o be_v not_o a_o bare_a and_o simple_a figure_n but_o conjoin_v with_o its_o reality_n and_o substance_n therefore_o the_o bread_n be_v proper_o call_v the_o body_n when_o it_o do_v not_o only_o represent_v it_o but_o also_o bring_v it_o to_o we_o and_o therefore_o we_o will_v ready_o grant_v that_o the_o name_n of_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n may_v be_v transfer_v to_o the_o bread_n because_o it_o be_v the_o sacrament_n and_o emblem_n of_o it_o but_o then_o we_o must_v add_v that_o the_o sacrament_n be_v by_o no_o mean_n to_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o substance_n and_o reality_n and_o that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v confound_v it_o be_v not_o only_o convenient_a but_o altogether_o necessary_a to_o distinguish_v between_o they_o but_o intolerable_o absurd_a to_o divide_v one_o from_o the_o other_o wherefore_o when_o we_o see_v the_o visible_a sign_n what_o it_o represent_v we_o ought_v to_o reflect_v from_o who_o it_o be_v give_v we_o for_o the_o bread_n be_v give_v as_o a_o representation_n of_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n and_o we_o be_v command_v to_o eat_v it_o it_o be_v give_v i_o say_v by_o god_n who_o be_v infallible_a truth_n and_o then_o if_o god_n can_v deceive_v nor_o lie_v it_o follow_v that_o he_o in_o reality_n give_v whatever_o be_v there_o represent_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o we_o real_o receive_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n see_v the_o communion_n of_o both_o be_v represent_v to_o we_o for_o to_o what_o purpose_n shall_v he_o command_v we_o to_o eat_v the_o bread_n and_o drink_v the_o wine_n as_o signify_v his_o body_n and_o blood_n if_o without_o some_o spiritual_a reality_n we_o only_o receive_v the_o bread_n and_o wine_n will_v he_o not_o vain_o and_o absurd_o have_v institute_v this_o mystery_n and_o as_o we_o frenchman_n say_v by_o false_a representation_n therefore_o we_o must_v acknowledge_v that_o if_o god_n give_v we_o a_o true_a representation_n in_o the_o supper_n that_o the_o invisible_a substance_n of_o the_o sacrament_n be_v join_v with_o the_o visible_a sign_n and_o as_o the_o bread_n be_v distribute_v by_o hand_n so_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n be_v communicate_v to_o we_o to_o be_v partaker_n of_o it_o this_o certain_o if_o there_o be_v nothing_o else_o ought_v abundant_o to_o satisfy_v we_o when_o by_o it_o we_o understand_v that_o in_o the_o supper_n of_o our_o lord_n christ_n give_v we_o the_o true_a and_o proper_a substance_n of_o his_o body_n and_o blood._n thus_o far_o calvin_n and_o i_o think_v it_o be_v as_o high_a a_o declaration_n of_o the_o real_a and_o substantial_a presence_n as_o i_o have_v meet_v with_o in_o any_o author_n whatsoever_o and_o if_o in_o any_o other_o passage_n the_o great_a dictator_n may_v have_v be_v please_v to_o contradict_v himself_o that_o be_v the_o old_a dictatorian_a prerogative_n of_o that_o sect_n as_o well_o as_o the_o old_a roman_n that_o whatever_o decree_n they_o make_v however_o inconsistent_a they_o be_v always_o authentic_a neither_o do_v beza_n at_o all_o fall_n short_a of_o his_o adore_a master_n in_o the_o point_n of_o substantial_a presence_n in_o his_o book_n against_o westfalus_fw-la a_o sacramentarian_a de_fw-fr coena_fw-la domini_fw-la he_o declare_v free_o that_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o grammatical_a sense_n of_o our_o saviour_n word_n this_o be_v my_o body_n can_v be_v preserve_v without_o transubstantiation_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o medium_fw-la between_o transubstantiantion_n and_o a_o mere_a figure_n and_o yet_o the_o whole_a design_n of_o the_o book_n be_v to_o prove_v the_o real_a presence_n in_o the_o sacrament_n in_o opposition_n to_o the_o figurative_a and_o in_o the_o year_n 1561_o the_o protestant_a church_n of_o france_n hold_v a_o synod_n at_o rochel_n and_o the_o year_n follow_v at_o nimes_n in_o both_o which_o beza_n sit_v as_o precedent_n where_o the_o substantial_a presence_n be_v maintain_v and_o define_v with_o great_a vehemence_n against_o the_o innovator_n as_o they_o be_v then_o esteem_v for_o when_o morellus_n move_v to_o have_v the_o word_n substance_n take_v out_o of_o their_o confession_n of_o faith_n beza_n and_o the_o synod_n not_o without_o some_o indignation_n decree_n against_o they_o this_o decree_n beza_n declare_v in_o his_o epistle_n to_o the_o minister_n of_o zurick_n date_a may_v the_o 17_o 1572_o to_o extend_v to_o the_o protestant_n of_o france_n only_o lest_o they_o who_o be_v zuinglians_n shall_v take_v offence_n at_o it_o as_o a_o censure_n particular_o
principal_a author_n may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o late_a bishop_n of_o durham_n historia_fw-la transubstantiationis_fw-la john_n poinet_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n who_o write_v a_o very_a learned_a book_n upon_o the_o argument_n entitle_v diallacticon_n to_o explain_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n about_o it_o john_n jewel_n bishop_n of_o salisbury_n the_o learned_a bishop_n andrews_n and_o bilson_n isaac_n casaubon_n in_o the_o name_n and_o by_o the_o command_n of_o king_n james_n the_o first_o in_o his_o answer_n to_o cardinal_n perron_n mr._n hooker_n john_n bishop_n of_o rochester_n montague_z bishop_n of_o norwich_n james_n primate_n of_o armagh_n francis_n bishop_n of_o ely_z archbishop_n laud_n bishop_n overal_n and_o the_o archbishop_n of_o spalleto_n to_o this_o catalogue_n variety_n of_o other_o writer_n may_v be_v add_v but_o either_o here_o be_v witness_n enough_o or_o there_o never_o can_v be_v neither_o need_v i_o produce_v their_o testimony_n when_o 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only_o a_o figure_n of_o the_o body_n of_o our_o lord_n but_o contain_v in_o it_o the_o verity_n nature_n and_o substance_n and_o therefore_o that_o these_o term_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v explode_v because_o the_o ancient_n general_o use_v they_o in_o their_o discourse_n upon_o this_o argument_n but_o bishop_n andrews_n his_o passage_n though_o grow_v vulgar_a and_o threadbare_a by_o be_v so_o continual_o quote_v best_a deserve_v our_o observation_n because_o by_o that_o mean_v it_o be_v make_v not_o only_o a_o declaration_n of_o his_o own_o sense_n but_o of_o all_o that_o follow_v he_o in_o it_o and_o that_o be_v of_o almost_o all_o the_o learned_a man_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n that_o have_v succeed_v from_o that_o time_n the_o passage_n be_v in_o his_o answer_n to_o bellarmine_n in_o these_o word_n the_o cardinal_n be_v not_o ignorant_a except_o wilful_o that_o christ_n have_v say_v this_o be_v my_o body_n now_o about_o the_o object_n we_o be_v both_o agree_v all_o the_o controversy_n be_v about_o the_o modus_fw-la we_o firm_o believe_v that_o it_o be_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n but_o after_o what_o manner_n it_o be_v make_v to_o be_v so_o there_o be_v not_o a_o word_n extant_a in_o the_o gospel_n and_o therefore_o we_o reject_v it_o from_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o faith._n we_o will_v if_o you_o please_v place_v it_o among_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o school_n but_o by_o no_o mean_n among_o the_o article_n of_o religion_n what_o durandus_fw-la say_v of_o old_a we_o approve_v of_o we_o hear_v the_o word_n feel_v the_o effect_n know_v not_o the_o manner_n believe_v the_o presence_n and_o so_o we_o believe_v the_o presence_n too_o and_o that_o real_a no_o less_o than_o yourselves_o only_a we_o define_v nothing_o rash_o of_o its_o modus_fw-la neither_o do_v we_o curious_o inquire_v into_o it_o no_o more_o than_o how_o the_o blood_n of_o christ_n cleanse_v we_o in_o our_o baptism_n no_o more_o than_o how_o in_o the_o incarnation_n of_o christ_n the_o humane_a nature_n be_v unite_v to_o the_o divine_a we_o rank_v it_o in_o the_o order_n of_o mystery_n and_o indeed_o the_o whole_a eucharist_n itself_o be_v nothing_o but_o mystery_n what_o remain_v beside_o aught_o to_o be_v consume_v by_o fire_n that_o be_v as_o the_o father_n elegant_o express_v it_o to_o be_v adore_v by_o faith_n not_o examine_v by_o reason_n this_o be_v his_o state_n of_o the_o controversy_n that_o be_v then_o peruse_v and_o approve_v of_o by_o king_n james_n and_o ever_o after_o retain_v by_o the_o divine_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n down_o to_o the_o rebellion_n and_o subversion_n of_o church_n and_o state_n and_o then_o it_o be_v carry_v into_o banishment_n with_o its_o confessor_n for_o whilst_o his_o late_a majesty_n reside_v at_o cologn_n it_o be_v there_o common_o object_v in_o his_o own_o presence_n by_o the_o roman_a divine_n against_o the_o church_n of_o england_n that_o all_o its_o member_n be_v mere_a zwinglians_n and_o sacramentarian_o that_o believe_v only_o a_o imaginary_a presence_n upon_o this_o dr._n cousin_n who_o be_v then_o dean_n of_o the_o chapel_n royal_a by_o his_o majesty_n command_n write_v a_o discourse_n to_o vindicate_v the_o church_n of_o england_n from_o that_o calumny_n and_o to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o its_o sense_n concern_v the_o true_a and_o real_a presence_n in_o which_o he_o declare_v himself_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n with_o all_o the_o forementioned_a author_n all_o along_o vehement_o assert_v the_o true_a reality_n of_o the_o presence_n and_o still_o declare_v the_o modus_fw-la to_o be_v ineffable_a unsearchable_a above_o our_o sense_n and_o above_o our_o reason_n so_o that_o still_o all_o party_n be_v agree_v in_o the_o thing_n itself_o be_v it_o not_o for_o that_o one_o mistake_v supposition_n that_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v not_o only_o define_v the_o matter_n but_o the_o manner_n which_o she_o be_v so_o far_o from_o pretend_v to_o attempt_v that_o before_o she_o proceed_v to_o decree_v any_o thing_n about_o it_o she_o declare_v that_o it_o be_v so_o incomprehensible_a that_o it_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o be_v define_v as_o we_o see_v all_o christendom_n have_v do_v beside_o now_o after_o all_o this_o i_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o common_a sense_n and_o ingenuity_n of_o mankind_n whether_o any_o thing_n can_v be_v more_o barbarous_a and_o profane_a than_o to_o make_v the_o renounce_n of_o a_o mystery_n so_o unanimous_o receive_v a_o state_n test_n and_o that_o be_v my_o present_a concernment_n about_o it_o not_o as_o a_o point_n of_o divinity_n but_o as_o turn_v into_o a_o point_n of_o state._n thus_o far_o proceed_v the_o old_a church_n of_o england_n which_o as_o it_o be_v banish_v so_o it_o be_v restore_v with_o the_o crown_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o long_a interval_n of_o twenty_o year_n between_o the_o rebellion_n and_o restitution_n there_o arise_v a_o new_a generation_n of_o divine_n that_o know_v not_o joseph_n these_o man_n underhand_o desert_v and_o undermine_v the_o old_a church_n as_o it_o stand_v upon_o divine_a right_n and_o catholic_n principle_n and_o instead_o of_o it_o crect_v a_o new_a church_n of_o their_o own_o contrivance_n consist_v partly_o of_o independency_n partly_o of_o erastianism_n with_o the_o independent_a leave_v no_o stand_v authority_n in_o the_o christian_a church_n over_o private_a christian_n but_o leave_v every_o man_n to_o the_o arbitrary_a choice_n of_o his_o own_o communion_n with_o erastus_n allow_v no_o jurisdiction_n to_o the_o christian_a church_n but_o what_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n these_o principle_n be_v please_a to_o the_o wantonness_n of_o the_o people_n these_o man_n soon_o grow_v popular_a and_o soon_o have_v the_o confidence_n to_o call_v themselves_o the_o church_n of_o england_n but_o the_o principal_a object_n of_o their_o zeal_n be_v the_o destruction_n of_o popery_n and_o the_o only_a measure_n of_o truth_n with_o they_o be_v opposition_n to_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o therefore_o they_o assume_v to_o themselves_o the_o management_n of_o that_o great_a and_o glorious_a war._n and_o as_o they_o manage_v it_o upon_o new_a principle_n or_o indeed_o none_o at_o all_o never_o write_v for_o our_o church_n but_o only_o against_o that_o church_n so_o they_o advance_v new_a argument_n to_o represent_v the_o church_n of_o rome_n as_o odious_a as_o possible_a to_o the_o people_n among_o these_o the_o two_o most_o frightful_a topic_n be_v transubstantiation_n and_o idolatry_n one_o be_v a_o very_a hard_a word_n and_o the_o other_o a_o very_a ugly_a one_o these_o two_o word_n they_o make_v the_o two_o great_a kettledrum_n to_o the_o protestant_a guard_n they_o be_v continual_o beat_v upon_o they_o with_o all_o their_o force_n and_o whenever_o they_o find_v themselves_o at_o any_o disadvantage_n with_o a_o enemy_n as_o they_o often_o be_v by_o press_v too_o far_o for_o they_o never_o think_v they_o do_v
high_a place_n these_o two_o thing_n idolatry_n and_o adultery_n be_v so_o frequent_o join_v together_o in_o scripture_n as_o the_o same_o crime_n thus_o far_o to_o mention_v no_o more_o it_o please_v god_n to_o provide_v against_o idolatry_n by_o enact_v special_a law_n in_o direct_a opposition_n to_o the_o heathen_a rite_n when_o god_n have_v cashier_a the_o more_o rank_n and_o notorious_a act_n of_o heathen_a worship_n he_o retain_v some_o of_o their_o more_o innocent_a rite_n especial_o those_o that_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o ancient_a patriarch_n before_o the_o late_a corruption_n be_v creep_v in_o lest_o if_o god_n have_v give_v a_o law_n altogether_o new_a and_o abolish_v all_o their_o old_a custom_n people_n that_o be_v always_o fond_a of_o the_o usage_n of_o their_o forefather_n shall_v rather_o have_v revolt_v to_o the_o heathen_a idolatry_n than_o submit_v themselves_o to_o such_o a_o new_a and_o uncouth_a religion_n and_o therefore_o out_o of_o condescension_n to_o their_o rudeness_n and_o weakness_n god_n permit_v they_o to_o retain_v several_a of_o their_o former_a rite_n and_o ceremony_n in_o his_o new_a worship_n that_o by_o that_o indulgence_n he_o may_v win_v they_o more_o easy_o to_o embrace_v his_o new_a institution_n and_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o grammatical_a sense_n of_o st._n paul_n expression_n 18._o that_o god_n suffer_v their_o manner_n in_o the_o wilderness_n forty_o year_n where_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d suffer_v be_v take_v from_o the_o use_n or_o language_n of_o mother_n or_o nurse_n that_o be_v force_v to_o humour_n and_o comply_v with_o the_o little_a folly_n of_o their_o child_n by_o any_o way_n to_o please_v they_o in_o allusion_n to_o this_o word_n god_n be_v please_v to_o express_v his_o treatment_n of_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n who_o know_v the_o weakness_n of_o their_o rude_a and_o childish_a understanding_n permit_v and_o indulge_v they_o to_o enjoy_v not_o a_o few_o of_o their_o former_a conceit_n together_o with_o his_o own_o divine_a law._n and_o so_o moses_n let_v they_o know_v in_o his_o farewell_n speech_n 31._o that_o the_o lord_n have_v all_o along_o bear_v with_o they_o as_o a_o father_n do_v with_o his_o child_n and_o so_o grotius_n paraphrase_n that_o passage_n of_o st._n paul_n when_o we_o be_v child_n 3._o we_o be_v in_o bondage_n under_o the_o element_n of_o the_o world_n i._n e._n say_v he_o we_o be_v under_o subjection_n to_o those_o rite_n and_o usage_n that_o be_v common_a to_o we_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n as_o temple_n altar_n sacrifice_n new_a moon_n to_o which_o he_o may_v have_v add_v oblation_n of_o first_o fruit_n purification_n festival_n solemnity_n tabernacle_n dedication_n of_o ten_o the_o ark_n the_o cherubin_n or_o teraphim_n for_o they_o be_v promiscuous_o use_v in_o scripture_n and_o be_v of_o very_o ancient_a use_n these_o and_o the_o like_a old_a custom_n be_v enjoin_v the_o people_n of_o israel_n lest_o for_o want_v of_o they_o they_o shall_v relapse_n to_o idolatry_n and_o because_o these_o custom_n be_v common_a to_o the_o jew_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n therefore_o they_o be_v call_v the_o element_n of_o the_o world_n and_o weak_a and_o beggarly_a element_n and_o carnal_a ordinance_n that_o be_v impose_v and_o bear_v with_o till_o the_o time_n of_o reformation_n in_o the_o apostolical_a write_n when_o they_o will_v beat_v down_o the_o value_n of_o the_o mosaic_a law._n but_o to_o omit_v the_o rest_n i_o shall_v only_o insist_v upon_o the_o cherubin_n that_o god_n command_v to_o be_v place_v over_o the_o ark_n 18._o and_o all_o divine_a worship_n to_o be_v direct_v towards_o they_o and_o thou_o shall_v make_v two_o cherubim_n of_o gold_n of_o beat_a work_n shall_v thou_o make_v they_o in_o the_o two_o end_n of_o the_o mercy_n seat_n etc._n etc._n that_o they_o be_v statue_n or_o image_n be_v out_o of_o doubt_n by_o their_o description_n but_o of_o what_o particular_a form_n be_v matter_n of_o controversy_n among_o learned_a man_n though_o what_o ever_o they_o be_v i_o be_o not_o concern_v it_o be_v enough_o that_o they_o be_v image_n use_v in_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n and_o then_o the_o use_n of_o image_n be_v not_o in_o itself_o idolatry_n that_o the_o word_n original_o and_o proper_o signify_v a_o ox_n be_v evident_a from_o ezekiel_n who_o use_v the_o word_n promiscuous_o chap._n 1._o 10._o as_o for_o the_o likeness_n of_o their_o face_n they_o four_o have_v the_o face_n of_o a_o man_n and_o the_o face_n of_o a_o lion_n on_o the_o right_a side_n and_o they_o four_o have_v the_o face_n of_o a_o ox_n on_o the_o left_a side_n they_o four_o also_o have_v the_o face_n of_o a_o eagle_n but_o chap._n 10._o 14._o the_o same_o thing_n be_v thus_o describe_v and_o every_o one_o have_v four_o face_n the_o first_o face_n be_v the_o face_n of_o a_o cherub_n the_o second_o the_o face_n of_o a_o man_n the_o three_o of_o a_o lion_n and_o the_o four_o of_o a_o eagle_n and_o as_o a_o ox_n or_o a_o cherub_n be_v use_v by_o the_o ancient_n as_o a_o symbol_n of_o strength_n or_o power_n so_o thence_o come_v they_o to_o signify_v the_o thing_n itself_o so_o god_n tell_v the_o king_n of_o tyre_n that_o he_o be_v his_o anoint_a cherub_n 14._o i._n e._n that_o he_o have_v make_v he_o great_a and_o powerful_a hence_o whenever_o god_n in_o scripture_n be_v say_v to_o sit_v upon_o or_o dwell_v between_o the_o cherubim_n it_o be_v when_o his_o power_n particular_o be_v represent_v thus_o when_o the_o israelite_n be_v defeat_v by_o the_o philistine_n they_o agree_v at_o a_o council_n of_o war_n to_o send_v for_o the_o ark_n of_o god_n to_o save_v they_o out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o their_o enemy_n 4._o so_o the_o people_n send_v to_o shiloh_n that_o they_o may_v bring_v from_o thence_o the_o ark_n of_o the_o covenant_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o host_n who_o dwell_v between_o the_o cherubim_n so_o king_n hezekiah_n in_o his_o distress_n call_v upon_o the_o divine_a protection_n and_o deliverance_n from_o his_o enemy_n and_o hezekiah_n pray_v before_o the_o lord_n and_o say_v 15._o o_o lord_n god_n of_o israel_n that_o dwell_v between_o the_o cherubim_n thou_o alone_o be_v god_n of_o all_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o earth_n so_o psal._n 99_o 1._o the_o lord_n reign_v let_v the_o people_n tremble_v he_o sit_v between_o the_o cherubim_n let_v the_o earth_n be_v move_v and_o for_o this_o reason_n be_v these_o sacred_a image_n place_v over_o the_o ark_n as_o the_o symbol_n or_o hieroglyphic_n to_o represent_v the_o presence_n of_o the_o divine_a majesty_n so_o that_o as_o the_o ark_n be_v style_v god_n footstool_n the_o cherubim_n be_v call_v his_o throne_n and_o so_o when_o the_o ark_n and_o cherubim_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o temple_n this_o anthem_n be_v sing_v lift_v up_o your_o head_n o_o you_o gate_n and_o be_v you_o lift_v up_o you_o everlasting_a door_n 78._o and_o the_o king_n of_o glory_n shall_v come_v in_o who_o be_v this_o king_n of_o glory_n the_o lord_n of_o host_n the_o lord_n strong_a and_o mighty_a the_o lord_n mighty_a in_o battle_n in_o short_a these_o image_n be_v the_o most_o sacred_a thing_n in_o all_o the_o jewish_a religion_n what_o they_o be_v i_o will_v not_o determine_v some_o will_v have_v they_o to_o have_v be_v statue_n of_o beautiful_a youth_n as_o they_o be_v now_o vulgar_o represent_v other_o the_o statue_n of_o a_o young_a bullock_n from_o the_o synonymous_a signification_n of_o the_o word_n but_o the_o bochartus_fw-la most_o learned_a conclude_v they_o as_o they_o suppose_v with_o good_a authority_n from_o the_o scripture_n not_o to_o have_v be_v any_o one_o certain_a form_n but_o mix_v of_o several_a form_n in_o which_o that_o of_o a_o bullock_n have_v the_o big_a share_n but_o compound_v of_o these_o four_o shape_n a_o man_n face_n a_o eagle's_n wing_n a_o lion_n back_o a_o ox_n or_o bullock_n thigh_n and_o foot_n as_o they_o be_v describe_v in_o the_o fore_n cite_v chapter_n of_o ezekiel_n 1._o &_o 10._o and_o to_o this_o no_o doubt_n st._n john_n allude_v in_o his_o vision_n of_o the_o four_o beast_n rev._n 4._o 6_o 7._o round_o about_o the_o throne_n be_v four_o beast_n and_o the_o first_o beast_n be_v like_o a_o lion_n and_o the_o second_o like_o a_o calf_n and_o the_o three_o have_v a_o face_n as_o a_o man_n and_o the_o four_o be_v like_o a_o fly_a eagle_n and_o they_o rest_v not_o day_n and_o night_n say_v holy_a holy_a holy_a lord_n god_n almighty_a which_o be_v and_o be_v and_o be_v to_o come_v in_o allusion_n it_o be_v no_o doubt_n to_o the_o representation_n of_o the_o immediate_a divine_a presence_n in_o the_o ark_n by_o the_o cherubim_n that_o be_v make_v up_o of_o these_o four_o beast_n that_o be_v probable_o pitch_v