Selected quad for the lemma: sense_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
sense_n	brain_n	motion_n	nerve_n	2,721	5	11.0566	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A25846	Logic, or, The art of thinking in which, besides the common, are contain'd many excellent new rules, very profitable for directing of reason and acquiring of judgment in things as well relating to the instruction of for the excellency of the matter printed many times in French and Latin, and now for publick good translated into English by several hands.; Logique. English. 1685	Arnauld, Antoine, 1612-1694.; Nicole, Pierre, 1625-1695.	1685 (1685)	Wing A3723; ESTC R7858	106,112	258

for_o perfection_n and_o clearriess_n in_o idea_n be_v two_o different_a thing_n for_o they_o be_v perfect_a when_o they_o represent_v to_o we_o whatever_o be_v in_o the_o object_n clear_v when_o they_o represent_v to_o we_o as_o much_o as_o suffice_v to_o apprehend_v the_o object_n clear_o and_o distinct_o on_o the_o other_o side_n they_o be_v confuse_v and_o obscure_a idea_n which_o we_o have_v of_o sensible_a quality_n as_o of_o colour_n sound_n odour_n taste_n cold_a heat_n ponderosity_n etc._n etc._n as_o also_o those_o of_o our_o desire_n as_o of_o hunger_n thirst_v pain_n etc._n etc._n now_o mark_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o obscurity_n of_o these_o idea_n in_o regard_n we_o be_v first_o child_n before_o we_o be_v man_n and_o that_o exterior_a thing_n operate_a within_o we_o stir_v up_o various_a sensation_n in_o our_o mind_n by_o the_o help_n of_o those_o impression_n which_o they_o make_v in_o our_o body_n the_o mind_n conscious_a that_o those_o sensation_n be_v affect_v against_o her_o will_n and_o that_o by_o some_o body_n as_o for_o example_n the_o sensation_n of_o heat_n by_o the_o eire_n will_v not_o only_o judge_v that_o there_o be_v some_o thing_n without_o she_o which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o these_o sensation_n wherein_o she_o be_v not_o deceive_v but_o go_v far_o imagine_v something_o in_o the_o object_n altogether_o like_o sensation_n or_o at_o least_o like_o the_o idea_n thence_o arise_v upon_o these_o consideration_n therefore_o she_o form_v idea_n to_o herself_o and_o transfer_v the_o sensation_n of_o heat_n cold_a etc._n etc._n into_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v without_o she_o and_o by_o that_o mean_v those_o confuse_a and_o obscure_a idea_n of_o sensible_a quality_n arise_v from_o hence_o that_o the_o mind_n intermix_v she_o own_o false_a judgement_n with_o those_o that_o she_o derive_v from_o nature_n now_o in_o regard_n these_o idea_n be_v not_o natural_a but_o arbitrary_a man_n have_v make_v a_o most_o fantastical_a use_n of_o they_o and_o turn_v they_o into_o mere_a chimaera_n for_o though_o that_o heat_n and_o burn_a be_v two_o sort_n of_o sensation_n the_o one_o weak_a the_o other_o fierce_a we_o have_v allow_v heat_n to_o the_o fire_n affirm_v fire_n to_o be_v endue_v with_o heat_n yet_o we_o have_v deprive_v fire_n of_o the_o burn_a faculty_n or_o of_o the_o pain_n which_o we_o feel_v in_o approach_v too_o near_o it_o deny_v fire_n to_o be_v affect_v with_o pain_n but_o if_o man_n have_v right_o apprehend_v that_o pain_n be_v not_o to_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o fire_n that_o burn_v the_o hand_n yet_o have_v they_o be_v in_o another_o error_n while_o they_o think_v pain_n to_o be_v in_o the_o hand_n which_o the_o fire_n burn_v when_o as_o pain_n be_v only_o in_o the_o sense_n this_o be_v not_o only_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o of_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n as_o the_o cyrenarch_n but_o even_o of_o st._n austin_n himself_o for_o say_v he_o in_o his_o 14_o book_n de_fw-fr civitat_fw-la dei_fw-la pain_n say_v to_o be_v pain_n of_o the_o flesh_n be_v pain_n of_o the_o soul_n in_o the_o flesh_n and_o out_o of_o the_o flesh_n for_o pain_n of_o the_o flesh_n be_v only_o a_o injury_n to_o the_o soul_n and_o a_o certain_a dissent_n from_o its_o suffering_n as_o the_o pain_n of_o the_o soul_n which_o be_v sadness_n be_v a_o dissent_n from_o those_o thing_n that_o befall_v we_o against_o our_o wi_n thus_o in_o his_o seven_o book_n upon_o genesis_n c._n 19_o when_o the_o soul_n feel_v the_o affliction_n of_o the_o body_n she_o be_v offend_v in_o her_o act_n of_o government_n of_o the_o body_n her_o rule_n be_v disturb_v and_o this_o offence_n be_v call_v pain_n now_o that_o that_o pain_n which_o be_v call_v the_o pain_n of_o the_o body_n belong_v to_o the_o soul_n and_o not_o to_o the_o body_n be_v manifest_a from_o this_o that_o those_o thing_n that_o affect_v we_o with_o pain_n seldom_o trouble_v we_o when_o our_o mind_n be_v intent_n upon_o other_o thing_n as_o we_o sin_v by_o the_o african_a priest_n of_o who_o st._n austin_n l._n 14._o de_fw-la civitat_fw-la dei_fw-la c._n 24._o who_o when_o please_v upon_o the_o counterfeit_n of_o groan_n and_o lamentation_n will_v so_o abstract_a himself_o from_o his_o sense_n and_o lie_v as_o it_o be_v for_o dead_a that_o they_o can_v not_o make_v he_o sensible_a of_o pinch_a and_o prick_a nor_o of_o the_o heat_n of_o fire_n till_o it_o begin_v to_o scorch_v his_o skin_n moreover_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o neither_o the_o ill_a disposition_n of_o the_o hand_n nor_o any_o motion_n arise_v from_o burn_a cause_v the_o soul_n to_o be_v sensible_a of_o the_o pain_n unless_o this_o motion_n be_v communicate_v to_o the_o brain_n by_o certain_a small_a string_n include_v in_o the_o nerve_n and_o extend_v from_o the_o brain_n to_o the_o hand_n and_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n which_o can_v be_v move_v unless_o that_o part_n of_o the_o body_n be_v also_o move_v from_o whence_o they_o derive_v themselves_o so_o that_o if_o there_o be_v any_o accident_n that_o hinder_v these_o little_a string_n from_o communicate_v their_o motion_n to_o the_o brain_n as_o in_o the_o palsy_n a_o man_n may_v endure_v wound_n and_o pain_n without_o any_o sense_n of_o pain_n insomuch_o that_o what_o appear_v yet_o more_o strange_a a_o man_n may_v have_v a_o pain_n in_o his_o hand_n that_o want_v hand_n as_o often_o it_o happen_v to_o those_o who_o hand_n be_v cut_v off_o for_o that_o if_o the_o thread_n of_o the_o nerve_n extend_v from_o the_o hand_n to_o the_o brain_n be_v move_v near_o the_o elbow_n where_o they_o terminate_v they_o may_v move_v that_o part_n of_o the_o brain_n to_o which_o they_o be_v fasten_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o it_o may_v be_v move_v if_o the_o same_o thread_n descend_v to_o the_o hand_n as_o the_o one_o end_n of_o a_o small_a rope_n may_v be_v move_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n if_o draw_v about_o the_o middle_n as_o if_o pull_v at_o the_o other_o extremity_n and_o thus_o the_o soul_n shall_v feel_v the_o same_o pain_n as_o it_o will_v feel_v if_o the_o person_n have_v hand_n for_o the_o soul_n direct_v its_o attentiveness_n thither_o from_o whence_o that_o motion_n of_o the_o brain_n use_v to_o proceed_v which_o before_o affect_v it_o with_o that_o sort_n of_o pain_n thus_o the_o reflection_n that_o we_o behold_v in_o a_o glass_n appear_v in_o the_o same_o place_n where_o they_o will_v be_v shall_v they_o be_v look_v upon_o with_o direct_a beam_n as_o be_v the_o most_o usual_a manner_n of_o behold_v object_n and_o these_o thing_n shall_v suffice_v to_o let_v we_o understand_v that_o it_o may_v well_o be_v that_o a_o soul_n separate_v from_o the_o body_n may_v be_v liable_a to_o the_o torment_n of_o hellfire_n and_o to_o feel_v the_o same_o pain_n as_o any_o one_o will_v feel_v through_o the_o torture_n of_o earthly_a fire_n in_o regard_n that_o when_o it_o be_v join_v to_o the_o body_n it_o be_v not_o the_o body_n but_o the_o soul_n that_o feel_v the_o pain_n of_o the_o fire_n and_o that_o pain_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o certain_a sadness_n of_o the_o mind_n wherewith_o it_o be_v afflict_v for_o the_o suffering_n of_o the_o body_n to_o which_o it_o be_v join_v by_o god_n why_o then_o may_v we_o not_o conceive_v that_o divine_a justice_n may_v so_o accommodate_v some_o part_n of_o the_o material_a body_n to_o the_o separate_a soul_n that_o the_o motion_n of_o that_o matter_n may_v excite_v troublesome_a and_o afflict_a thought_n in_o the_o soul_n so_o separate_v but_o let_v we_o return_v to_o confuse_a idea_n the_o idea_n of_o ponderosity_n be_v no_o less_o confuse_v than_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n already_o recite_v for_o have_v observe_v from_o our_o infancy_n that_o stone_n and_o other_o heavy_a thing_n fall_v down_o as_o soon_o as_o let_v go_v out_o of_o our_o hand_n we_o form_v a_o idea_n of_o the_o thing_n fall_v which_o be_v genuine_a and_o true_a we_o also_o form_v a_o idea_n of_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o thing_n do_v fall_v which_o be_v true_a likewise_o but_o when_o we_o only_o see_v the_o stone_n and_o nothing_o else_o that_o force_v it_o downward_o out_o of_o the_o rashness_n of_o our_o judgement_n we_o conclude_v that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o what_o we_o do_v not_o see_v and_o therefore_o that_o the_o stone_n fall_v by_o virtue_n of_o its_o own_o proper_a and_o intrinsic_n force_v and_o at_o length_n we_o affix_v to_o this_o confuse_a idea_n coin_v only_o in_o our_o own_o judgement_n the_o name_n of_o ponderosity_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v also_o that_o we_o make_v different_a judgement_n of_o the_o same_o thing_n of_o which_o the_o same_o judgement_n be_v to_o be_v assert_v for_o as_o we_o see_v stone_n move_v towards_o the_o earth_n we_o

false_a that_o all_o our_o idea_n proceed_v from_o the_o sense_n rather_o it_o may_v be_v affirm_v on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o none_o of_o those_o idea_n that_o enter_v our_o mind_n deduce_v their_o original_a from_o the_o sense_n unless_o by_o accident_n that_o be_v when_o the_o motion_n stir_v up_o in_o the_o brain_n which_o be_v all_o the_o sense_n can_v do_v give_v a_o occasion_n to_o the_o soul_n to_o produce_v true_a idea_n which_o it_o will_v not_o otherwise_o do_v though_o for_o the_o most_o part_n those_o idea_n be_v nothing_o like_o the_o other_o that_o be_v form_v in_o the_o sense_n and_o in_o the_o brain_n and_o beside_o the_o great_a number_n of_o idea_n be_v such_o as_o not_o have_v any_o mixture_n of_o corporeal_a form_n can_v without_o a_o most_o manifest_a absurdity_n be_v refer_v to_o the_o sense_n if_o any_o one_o object_n that_o at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o we_o have_v a_o idea_n of_o spiritual_a thing_n as_o of_o thought_n for_o example_n sake_n we_o entertain_v also_o a_o certain_a corporeal_a image_n of_o the_o sound_n that_o express_v it_o they_o aver_v nothing_o contrary_a to_o what_o we_o have_v alread_o prove_v for_o that_o form_n of_o the_o sound_n which_o be_v present_a in_o the_o imagination_n be_v not_o the_o image_n of_o the_o thought_n but_o of_o the_o sound_n nor_o do_v it_o serve_v to_o represent_v it_o otherwise_o then_o as_o the_o soul_n be_v accustom_a when_o she_o hear_v this_o sound_n to_o conceive_v the_o thought_n form_n at_o the_o same_o time_n a_o idea_n of_o thought_n altogether_o spiritual_a which_o have_v no_o reference_n to_o the_o idea_n of_o sound_n but_o as_o only_o annex_v to_o it_o by_o custom_n which_o be_v apparent_a in_o deaf_a people_n who_o have_v no_o idea_n of_o sound_n yet_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o their_o thought_n at_o least_o when_o they_o reflect_v upon_o their_o thought_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o object_n of_o idea_n whatever_o we_o conceive_v be_v represent_v to_o our_o mind_n either_o as_o a_o thing_n or_o a_o manner_n of_o a_o thing_n or_o as_o a_o thing_n modify_v i_o call_v that_o a_o thing_n which_o be_v conceive_v to_o consist_v of_o itself_o and_o as_o the_o subject_a of_o all_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v comprehend_v in_o it_o which_o by_o another_o name_n be_v call_v substance_n the_o manner_n attribute_n or_o quality_n of_o a_o thing_n i_o call_v that_o which_o when_o it_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v comprehend_v in_o the_o substance_n and_o not_o to_o be_v able_a to_o subsist_v without_o it_o determine_v it_o to_o exist_v after_o a_o certain_a manner_n and_o give_v it_o a_o certain_a denomination_n a_o thing_n modify_v i_o call_v a_o substance_n as_o it_o be_v determine_v by_o a_o certain_a mode_n or_o manner_n all_o which_o thing_n will_v be_v apprehend_v more_o clear_o by_o example_n when_o i_o consider_v a_o body_n the_o idea_n of_o it_o represent_v to_o i_o a_o thing_n or_o substance_n because_o i_o consider_v it_o as_o a_o thing_n subsist_v by_o itself_o and_o which_o have_v need_n of_o no_o other_o to_o exist_v but_o when_o i_o consider_v this_o body_n to_o be_v round_o i_o consider_v a_o round-body_n and_o this_o idea_n represent_v to_o i_o the_o thing_n modify_v the_o name_n which_o be_v use_v to_o express_v these_o thing_n be_v call_v substantive_n or_o absolute_a as_o the_o earth_n the_o sun_n the_o soul_n god_n those_o also_o that_o primary_o and_o direct_o signify_v the_o mode_n or_o manner_n because_o they_o have_v some_o correspondence_n with_o substantive_n be_v call_v substantive_n and_o absolutes_n as_o hardness_n heat_n justice_z prudence_n etc._n etc._n such_o name_n as_o signify_v the_o thing_n as_o modify_v mark_v out_o primary_o and_o direct_o the_o substance_n though_o more_o confuse_o and_o indirect_o the_o manner_n though_o more_o distinct_o be_v call_v adjective_n and_o connotative_n as_o round_o hard_a just_a prudent_a but_o here_o we_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o the_o mind_n be_v accustom_a to_o know_v most_o thing_n as_o modify_v in_o regard_n she_o attain_v not_o the_o knowledge_n of_o they_o but_o only_o by_o accident_n or_o by_o those_o quality_n that_o strike_v the_o sense_n often_o divide_v one_o essence_n of_o a_o substance_n into_o two_o idea_n of_o which_o the_o one_o she_o take_v for_o the_o subject_a the_o other_o for_o the_o mode_n thus_o although_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o god_n which_o be_v not_o god_n himself_o yet_o we_o apprehend_v he_o as_o a_o infinite_a be_v and_o with_o we_o infinite_a be_v the_o attribute_n of_o god_n as_o be_v the_o subject_a of_o the_o attribute_n thus_o also_o we_o consider_v man_n as_o the_o subject_a of_o humanity_n or_o have_v humanity_n and_o consequent_o as_o a_o thing_n modify_v and_o then_o the_o essential_a attribute_n which_o be_v the_o thing_n most_o itself_o be_v apprehend_v by_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o manner_n because_o it_o be_v as_o it_o be_v inherent_a in_o the_o subject_a and_o this_o be_v call_v the_o substantive_n abstrasted_n as_o humanity_n corporeity_n reason_n nevertheless_o it_o be_v of_o great_a importance_n to_o distinguish_v that_o which_o be_v true_o the_o mode_n from_o that_o which_o only_o seem_v to_o be_v so_o for_o the_o confound_a of_o manner_n with_o substance_n and_o substance_n with_o manner_n be_v the_o chief_a ground_n of_o all_o our_o error_n therefore_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o true_a mode_n be_v such_o that_o the_o substance_n of_o which_o it_o be_v the_o manner_n may_v be_v clear_o and_o distinct_o conceive_v without_o it_o but_o the_o manner_n can_v be_v alternate_o clear_o conceive_v unless_o the_o relation_n which_o it_o have_v to_o its_o substance_n be_v as_o ready_o apprehend_v without_o which_o it_o can_v natural_o exist_v not_o but_o that_o we_o may_v apprehend_v the_o manner_n without_o such_o a_o exact_a and_o distinct_a consideration_n of_o the_o subject_a but_o that_o which_o demonstrate_v that_o the_o relation_n of_o the_o manner_n to_o the_o subject_a be_v contain_v at_o least_o confuss_o in_o its_o conception_n because_o we_o can_v deprive_v the_o manner_n of_o that_o relation_n but_o that_o we_o must_v destroy_v the_o idea_n of_o it_o at_o the_o same_o time_n whereas_o when_o we_o conceive_v two_o substance_n we_o may_v deny_v one_o thing_n of_o the_o other_o yet_o never_o destroy_v the_o idea_n of_o either_o for_o example_n i_o may_v deny_v prudence_n without_o consider_v the_o man_n who_o be_v prudent_a but_o i_o can_v conceive_v prudence_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n deny_v the_o relation_n which_o it_o have_v to_o man_n or_o any_o other_o intelligible_a nature_n capable_a of_o prudence_n contrariwise_o when_o i_o consider_v what_o appertain_v to_o a_o extend_a substance_n which_o be_v call_v a_o body_n as_o extension_n figure_n mobility_n divisibility_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n whatever_o belong_v to_o the_o mind_n as_o think_v doubt_v memory_n will_n discourse_n i_o may_v deny_v all_o that_o of_o the_o extend_v substance_n which_o i_o conceive_v belong_v to_o the_o think_v substance_n and_o yet_o distinct_o apprehend_v the_o extend_v substance_n and_o all_o the_o adjunct_n that_o belong_v to_o it_o and_o i_o may_v reciprocal_o deny_v of_o the_o think_v substance_n whatever_o i_o apprehend_v of_o the_o extend_v substance_n without_o consider_v what_o i_o have_v conceive_v of_o the_o think_v substance_n which_o also_o prove_v that_o think_v be_v not_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o extend_v substance_n because_o that_o extension_n with_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o attribute_n belong_v to_o extend_v substance_n may_v be_v deny_v of_o thought_n and_o yet_o a_o man_n may_v right_o apprehend_v of_o think_v it_o may_v be_v here_o far_o observe_v that_o there_o be_v some_o of_o these_o mode_n or_o manner_n which_o may_v be_v call_v intrinsic_n because_o they_o be_v apprehend_v to_o be_v in_o the_o substance_n as_o round_o or_o square_a other_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v extrinsic_n because_o they_o be_v take_v from_o something_o which_o be_v not_o inherent_a in_o the_o substance_n as_o belove_v see_v desire_a but_o these_o thing_n depend_v upon_o the_o action_n of_o other_o and_o these_o sort_n of_o modes_n or_o manner_n be_v call_v in_o the_o school_n extinsical_a denomination_n but_o if_o these_o modes_n be_v take_v according_a to_o the_o manner_n whereby_o thing_n be_v apprehend_v they_o be_v call_v second_o intention_n thus_o to_o be_v subject_v to_o be_v predicate_v be_v second_o intentious_a because_o they_o be_v the_o manner_n whereby_o the_o thing_n themselves_o be_v apprehend_v as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o understanding_n conjoin_v two_o idea_n affirm_v one_o to_o be_v the_o other_o it_o be_v far_a to_o be_v observe_v that_o there_o be_v other_o modes_n which_o we_o may_v call_v substantial_o because_o they_o represent_v to_o we_o true_a substance_n apply_v to_o other_o

for_o find_v the_o reputation_n of_o great_a man_n not_o free_a from_o note_a slip_n we_o be_v incite_v by_o care_n and_o industry_n to_o preserve_v ourselves_o from_o the_o like_a surprise_v moreover_o see_v every_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o make_v what_o he_o write_v as_o profitable_a as_o may_v be_v therefore_o of_o set_a purpose_n those_o example_n of_o error_n be_v to_o be_v produce_v of_o which_o it_o most_o import_v we_o not_o to_o be_v ignorant_a for_o it_o will_v be_v a_o endless_a toil_n to_o remember_v all_o the_o dream_n and_o trifle_n of_o flood_n vanhelmont_n and_o paracelsus_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v better_a to_o search_v example_n in_o famous_a author_n who_o error_n it_o may_v be_v worth_a while_n to_o understand_v now_o all_o this_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o aristotle_n to_o a_o hair_n breadth_n for_o nothing_o can_v so_o effectual_o persuade_v a_o man_n to_o avoid_v a_o fault_n as_o to_o show_v that_o such_o a_o man_n as_o he_o stumble_v at_o the_o same_o block_n and_o his_o philosophy_n be_v become_v so_o famous_a through_o the_o vast_a number_n of_o deserve_a person_n that_o have_v embrace_v it_o that_o there_o be_v all_o the_o reason_n in_o the_o world_n his_o defect_n shall_v be_v expose_v which_o be_v so_o we_o think_v it_o will_v be_v worth_a while_n for_o the_o reader_n to_o take_v a_o review_n of_o the_o maxim_n of_o the_o peripatetic_a philosophy_n yet_o because_o it_o be_v never_o good_a to_o be_v delude_v those_o maxim_n be_v so_o propose_v that_o what_o they_o be_v may_v be_v easy_o know_v as_o have_v cursory_o mark_v out_o the_o defect_n for_o far_a detection_n of_o their_o fallacy_n which_o we_o have_v not_o do_v to_o lessen_v the_o reputation_n of_o aristotle_n but_o rather_o to_o do_v he_o honour_n as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v do_v by_o those_o that_o differ_v in_o opinion_n from_o he_o and_o it_o be_v visible_a in_o other_o place_n that_o the_o point_n which_o be_v tax_v of_o error_n be_v of_o no_o great_a importance_n nor_o shake_v the_o foundation_n of_o his_o philosophy_n which_o we_o have_v no_o intention_n to_o assail_v but_o if_o we_o make_v no_o mention_n of_o those_o thing_n wherein_o aristotle_n have_v excel_v in_o several_a of_o his_o book_n the_o reason_n be_v this_o because_o the_o series_n of_o the_o discourse_n do_v not_o afford_v a_o opportunity_n so_o to_o do_v which_o however_o we_o will_v willing_o and_o glad_o have_v do_v if_o occasion_n have_v offer_v nor_o have_v aristotle_n want_v his_o due_a applause_n who_o beyond_o all_o controversy_n be_v a_o person_n of_o a_o capacious_a and_o search_a genius_n upon_o which_o he_o rely_v have_v link_v together_o long_a chain_n of_o consequence_n in_o such_o matter_n upon_o which_o he_o discourse_v and_o therefore_o he_o have_v be_v very_o prosperous_a in_o what_o he_o have_v write_v in_o the_o second_o book_n of_o his_o rhetoric_n concern_v the_o passion_n egregious_a also_o be_v his_o notion_n and_o observation_n which_o he_o have_v deliver_v in_o his_o politic_n his_o ethic_n his_o problem_n and_o his_o history_n of_o animal_n and_o as_o confuse_v as_o his_o analtic_n be_v yet_o we_o must_v confess_v that_o almost_o all_o we_o know_v concern_v the_o rule_n of_o logic_n be_v take_v from_o thence_o so_o that_o there_o be_v not_o any_o author_n from_o who_o we_o have_v borrow_v more_o than_o from_o aristotle_n in_o this_o logic_n as_o one_o to_o who_o the_o body_n of_o the_o precept_n belong_v true_a it_o be_v that_o the_o most_o imperfect_a of_o his_o work_n seem_v to_o be_v his_o physics_n as_o be_v also_o that_o which_o for_o a_o long_a time_n have_v be_v condemn_v and_o forbid_v by_o the_o church_n as_o a_o learned_a person_n have_v make_v appear_v in_o a_o treatise_n write_v to_o that_o purpose_n though_o the_o principal_a fault_n of_o it_o be_v not_o that_o it_o be_v false_a but_o that_o it_o be_v too_o true_a and_o teach_v nothing_o but_o such_o thing_n as_o can_v not_o be_v conceal_v from_o our_o knowledge_n for_o whoever_o doubt_v but_o that_o all_o thing_n be_v compose_v of_o matter_n and_o a_o certain_a form_n of_o matter_n whether_o matter_n be_v to_o put_v on_o form_n do_v not_o want_v it_o before_o that_o be_v to_o say_v whether_o it_o do_v not_o suffer_v privation_n or_o whoever_o question_v those_o other_o principle_n of_o his_o metaphysics_n wherein_o we_o be_v teach_v that_o all_o thing_n depend_v upon_o form_n that_o bare_a matter_n be_v void_a of_o action_n that_o there_o be_v place_n motion_n faculty_n and_o quality_n but_o after_o all_o this_o we_o do_v not_o seem_v to_o have_v learn_v any_o thing_n new_a or_o be_v we_o more_o able_a to_o give_v a_o reason_n of_o any_o of_o nature_n effect_n but_o if_o there_o be_v any_o person_n a_o many_o there_o be_v who_o believe_v it_o a_o crime_n to_o dissent_v from_o aristotle_n it_o will_v be_v no_o difficult_a thing_n to_o make_v it_o appear_v how_o far_o remote_a from_o reason_n such_o a_o vain_a assertion_n be_v for_o if_o we_o be_v oblige_v to_o reverence_v the_o memory_n of_o some_o philosopher_n that_o be_v only_o for_o two_o reason_n either_o out_o of_o a_o prospect_n of_o the_o truth_n to_o which_o they_o have_v adhere_v or_o for_o the_o reputation_n which_o they_o have_v acquire_v among_o the_o learned_a for_o the_o sake_n of_o truth_n we_o reverence_v they_o when_o they_o keep_v close_o to_o it_o but_o truth_n do_v not_o require_v that_o we_o shall_v honour_v falsehood_n in_o whosoever_o it_o appear_v as_o for_o the_o consent_n of_o man_n in_o the_o approbation_n of_o a_o philosopher_n certain_a it_o be_v that_o it_o be_v a_o good_a reason_n for_o give_v respect_n nor_o can_v it_o be_v deny_v but_o very_o imprudent_o without_o great_a weariness_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o in_o contradict_v the_o generality_n we_o may_v be_v just_o suspect_v of_o presumption_n as_o believe_v ourselves_o more_o clear-sighted_a than_o so_o many_o other_o but_o when_o the_o learned_a world_n be_v divide_v in_o their_o opinion_n as_o to_o the_o worth_n of_o a_o author_n and_o that_o person_n of_o reputation_n appear_v on_o both_o side_n we_o be_v not_o then_o oblige_v to_o that_o reservedness_n and_o we_o may_v free_o declare_v what_o we_o approve_v and_o what_o we_o dislike_v in_o those_o write_n about_o which_o the_o learned_a be_v divide_v for_o than_o we_o do_v not_o oppose_v our_o sentiment_n against_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o author_n and_o his_o abetter_n but_o side_n with_o those_o that_o maintain_v the_o contrary_a party_n and_o now_o behold_v the_o true_a condition_n of_o aristotle_n at_o this_o day_n his_o philosophy_n have_v experience_v both_o fortune_n sometime_o explode_v and_o condemn_v by_o all_o otherwhile_o receive_v and_o applaud_v by_o all_o at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v reduce_v into_o a_o middle_a condition_n between_o the_o two_o extreme_n in_o france_n flanders_n england_n germany_n and_o holland_n they_o write_v frequent_o for_o and_o against_o aristotle_n philosophy_n the_o parisian_a conference_n as_o well_o as_o their_o write_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n nor_o do_v any_o one_o complain_v of_o this_o open_a war_n declare_v against_o he_o the_o most_o famous_a professor_n no_o long_o condemn_v themselves_o to_o that_o slavery_n of_o blind_o receive_v and_o maintain_v whatever_o they_o find_v in_o his_o book_n and_o some_o of_o his_o opinion_n be_v utter_o exterminate_v for_o what_o physician_n will_v now_o maintain_v that_o the_o nerve_n proceed_v from_o the_o heart_n as_o aristotle_n believe_v since_o anatomy_n clear_o demonstrate_v now_o that_o they_o derive_v there_o original_a from_o the_o brain_n whence_o proceed_v that_o say_n of_o st._n austin_n qui_fw-la ex_fw-la puncto_fw-la cerebri_fw-la &_o quasi_fw-la centro_fw-la omnes_fw-la sensus_fw-la diffudit_fw-la who_o diffuse_v all_o the_o sense_n from_o the_o point_n and_o as_o it_o be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o what_o philosopher_n dare_v be_v so_o obstinate_a as_o to_o affirm_v that_o the_o swiftness_n of_o ponderous_a thing_n descend_v increase_v proportionable_o to_o the_o proportion_n of_o their_o weight_n when_o any_o man_n may_v end_v this_o dispute_n by_o let_v two_o ponderous_a body_n never_o so_o unequal_a in_o proportion_n fall_v from_o a_o high_a place_n at_o what_o time_n he_o shall_v find_v very_o little_a difference_n in_o the_o swiftness_n of_o their_o motion_n all_o thing_n violent_a be_v of_o short_a continuance_n and_o all_o extreme_n be_v violent_a it_o be_v very_o hard_a measure_n to_o proscribe_v all_o aristotle_n opinion_n as_o former_o have_v be_v do_v on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o be_v a_o unreasonable_a servitude_n for_o a_o man_n to_o pledge_v his_o assent_n to_o all_o he_o have_v write_v and_o to_o allow_v only_o he_o for_o the_o standard_n of_o philosophy_n as_o afterward_o they_o go_v about_o to_o do_v man_n

word_n more_o than_o the_o thing_n for_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o though_o man_n have_v frequent_o different_a idea_n of_o the_o same_o thing_n nevertheless_o they_o make_v use_v of_o the_o same_o word_n to_o express_v they_o as_o the_o idea_n which_o a_o heathen_a philosopher_n have_v of_o virtue_n be_v not_o the_o same_o which_o a_o divine_a have_v yet_o both_o express_v their_o idea_n by_o the_o same_o word_n virtue_n moreover_o the_o same_o man_n at_o different_a age_n have_v consider_v the_o same_o thing_n after_o very_o different_a manner_n and_o yet_o they_o have_v rammass_v all_o these_o idea_n under_o one_o name_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o in_o pronounce_v the_o word_n or_o hear_v it_o pronoun'cd_v a_o man_n be_v present_o confound_v apprehend_v the_o word_n sometime_o according_a to_o one_o idea_n sometime_o according_a to_o another_o for_o example_n a_o man_n understanding_n that_o he_o have_v something_o within_o he_o whatever_o it_o be_v which_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o his_o nourishment_n and_o growth_n have_v call_v it_o a_o soul_n and_o have_v extend_v this_o idea_n not_o only_o to_o what_o resemble_v it_o in_o animal_n but_o in_o plant_n and_o perceive_v also_o that_o he_o have_v thought_n he_o have_v call_v this_o principle_n of_o thought_n by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o soul_n whence_o it_o have_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o by_o this_o resemblance_n of_o the_o name_n he_o have_v take_v for_o the_o same_o thing_n the_o principle_n of_o thought_n and_o the_o principle_n of_o nourishment_n and_o growth_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o name_n of_o life_n be_v give_v to_o that_o faculty_n from_o whence_o the_o animal_n function_n proceed_v as_o also_o the_o cogitative_a faculty_n which_o be_v two_o thing_n absolute_o different_a thus_o these_o word_n sense_n and_o sensation_n when_o they_o be_v speak_v of_o any_o of_o the_o five_o sense_n be_v vehement_o pester_v with_o equivocation_n for_o three_o thing_n happen_v to_o we_o when_o we_o make_v use_v of_o our_o sense_n as_o 1._o when_o we_o see_v any_o thing_n there_o be_v a_o motion_n in_o the_o corporeal_a organ_n as_o the_o brain_n and_o eye_n 2._o these_o motion_n give_v a_o occasion_n to_o the_o soul_n to_o perceive_v something_o as_o when_o by_o the_o motion_n first_o begin_v in_o the_o eye_n by_o the_o reflection_n of_o the_o light_n in_o the_o fall_a rain_n oppose_v to_o the_o sunbeam_n it_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o red_a blue_a and_o yellow_a 3._o we_o make_v a_o judgement_n of_o what_o we_o see_v and_o thus_o we_o judge_v these_o colour_n to_o belong_v to_o the_o rainbow_n which_o we_o pronounce_v to_o be_v of_o such_o a_o magnitude_n of_o such_o a_o figure_n and_o at_o such_o a_o distance_n from_o we_o of_o these_o three_o the_o first_o only_o belong_v to_o the_o body_n the_o other_o two_o sole_o to_o the_o mind_n however_o by_o occasion_n of_o what_o be_v perform_v in_o the_o body_n nevertheless_o we_o comprehend_v all_o these_o three_o thing_n under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o sense_n or_o sensation_n of_o the_o sight_n or_o hear_v for_o when_o we_o say_v the_o eye_n see_v or_o the_o ear_n hear_v it_o can_v be_v understand_v but_o according_a to_o the_o corporeal_a organ_n it_o be_v apparent_a that_o the_o eye_n do_v not_o apprehend_v the_o object_n which_o it_o see_v nor_o judge_v of_o '_o they_o on_o the_o other_o side_n we_o do_v not_o say_v we_o have_v see_v such_o a_o one_o if_o the_o mind_n call_v off_o by_o another_o object_n have_v not_o make_v reflection_n upon_o the_o person_n that_o present_v himself_o before_o our_o eye_n and_o then_o we_o take_v the_o word_n see_v for_o the_o think_v form_v in_o our_o mind_n in_o pursuit_n of_o what_o pass_v in_o our_o eye_n and_o in_o our_o brain_n and_o according_a to_o this_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n see_v it_o be_v the_o soul_n and_o not_o the_o body_n which_o see_v as_o plato_n maintain_v and_o cicero_n after_o he_o for_o indeed_o say_v he_o we_o do_v not_o now_o behold_v with_o our_o eye_n the_o thing_n which_o we_o see_v for_o there_o be_v no_o sense_n in_o the_o body_n there_o be_v as_o it_o be_v certain_a passage_n make_v from_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o soul_n to_o the_o eye_n the_o ear_n and_o nose_n and_o therefore_o see_v often_o interrupt_v either_o by_o some_o thought_n or_o the_o force_n of_o some_o disease_n we_o neither_o hear_v nor_o see_v with_o open_a or_o entire_a eye_n or_o ear_n whence_o we_o may_v easy_o apprehend_v that_o the_o soul_n both_o hear_v and_o see_v not_o those_o part_n which_o be_v but_o as_o the_o window_n of_o the_o soul_n in_o short_a we_o take_v those_o word_n sensation_n of_o sight_n hear_v etc._n etc._n for_o the_o last_o of_o these_o three_o thing_n that_o be_v for_o the_o judgement_n which_o the_o soul_n make_v in_o pursuance_n of_o the_o preception_n it_o have_v make_v by_o occasion_n of_o what_o pass_v in_o the_o corporeal_a organ_n as_o when_o we_o say_v the_o sense_n be_v deceive_v at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o we_o see_v a_o crooked_a stick_n so_o appear_v in_o the_o water_n or_o the_o sun_n but_o two_o foot_n in_o diameter_n for_o it_o be_v certain_a there_o can_v be_v no_o error_n or_o falsity_n neither_o in_o those_o thing_n that_o happen_v in_o the_o corporeal_a organ_n nor_o in_o the_o bare_a perception_n of_o the_o soul_n which_o be_v only_o a_o simple_a apprehension_n but_o the_o error_n proceed_v from_o hence_o that_o we_o judge_v amiss_o in_o conclude_v that_o the_o sun_n be_v but_o two_o foot_n in_o diameter_n in_o regard_n that_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o vast_a distance_n from_o we_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o image_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o be_v form_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v near_o at_o hand_n of_o the_o same_o bigness_n which_o a_o object_n of_o two_o foot_n will_v form_v at_o a_o distance_n more_o proportionable_a to_o our_o manner_n of_o sight_n but_o because_o we_o have_v make_v this_o judgement_n in_o our_o youth_n and_o for_o that_o we_o be_v so_o much_o accustom_a to_o it_o that_o it_o be_v make_v at_o the_o same_o instant_a that_o we_o see_v the_o sun_n without_o any_o examination_n hardly_o we_o attribute_v it_o to_o the_o sight_n and_o we_o say_v we_o see_v the_o object_n little_a or_o great_a as_o they_o be_v near_o or_o more_o distant_a from_o we_o though_o it_o be_v indeed_o the_o mind_n not_o the_o eye_n that_o judge_n of_o their_o smallness_n or_o magnitude_n all_o language_n be_v full_a of_o word_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n which_o not_o have_v any_o more_o than_o one_o sound_n be_v nevertheless_o the_o signification_n of_o idea_n altogether_o different_a but_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o when_o a_o equivocal_a word_n signify_v two_o thing_n which_o have_v no_o relation_n one_o to_o another_o and_o which_o man_n have_v never_o confound_v in_o their_o thought_n it_o be_v almost_o impossible_a that_o man_n shall_v thereby_o be_v deceive_v or_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o error_n for_o the_o equivocal_a word_n aries_n a_o ram_n which_o signify_v both_o a_o certain_a creature_n and_o a_o sign_n in_o the_o zodiac_n shall_v never_o impose_v upon_o a_o person_n that_o have_v but_o a_o grain_n of_o common_a sense_n whereas_o it_o be_v a_o difficult_a thing_n not_o to_o be_v deceive_v when_o the_o equivocation_n arise_v from_o the_o error_n of_o man_n who_o have_v regligent_o confound_v different_a idea_n as_o in_o the_o word_n soul_n for_o we_o take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o they_o who_o first_o make_v use_v of_o those_o word_n do_v inquire_v into_o their_o signification_n and_o so_o it_o suffice_v we_o to_o pronounce_v they_o without_o ever_o examine_v whether_o the_o idea_n which_o we_o have_v of_o it_o be_v clear_a and_o distinct_a nay_o sometime_o we_o attribute_v those_o thing_n to_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o same_o word_n which_o fall_v not_o but_o upon_o idea_n of_o thing_n altogether_o incompatible_a not_o perceive_v that_o we_o have_v confound_v two_o different_a thing_n under_o the_o same_o word_n chap._n xi_o of_o the_o remedy_n of_o confusion_n in_o our_o thought_n and_o ratiocination_n arise_v from_o the_o confusion_n of_o word_n of_o the_o benefit_n of_o define_v word_n and_o of_o the_o difference_n between_o the_o definition_n of_o thing_n and_o name_n the_o best_a way_n to_o avoid_v the_o confusion_n of_o word_n which_o we_o find_v in_o different_a language_n be_v to_o make_v a_o new_a language_n and_o to_o coin_v new_a word_n to_o belong_v only_o to_o those_o idea_n which_o they_o be_v assign_v to_o signify_v to_o which_o purpose_n there_o be_v no_o necessity_n to_o frame_v new_a sound_n of_o word_n because_o we_o may_v make_v use_n of_o such_o as_o be_v usual_o practise_v look_v upon_o they_o as_o if_o