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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A04224	The vvorkes of the most high and mightie prince, Iames by the grace of God, King of Great Britaine, France and Ireland, defender of the faith, &c. Published by Iames, Bishop of Winton, and deane of his Maiesties Chappel Royall; Works	James I, King of England, 1566-1625.; Montagu, James, 1568?-1618.; Elstracke, Renold, fl. 1590-1630, engraver.; Pass, Simon van de, 1595?-1647, engraver.	1616 (1616)	STC 14344; ESTC S122229	618,837	614

Ecclesi Hist gen Ang. lib. 1. cap. 4. Lucius send to Eleutherius his predecessour and hee sent him diuers Bishops who were all placed by the Kings authoritie These conuerted men to the faith and taught them to obey the King And if the Popes in these dayes would but insist in these steppes of their fore-fathers then would they not entertaine Princes fugitiues abroad nor send them home not onely without my leaue but directly against the Lawes with plots of treason and doctrine of rebellion to draw Subiects from their obedience to me their naturall King nor be so cruell to their owne Mancipia as returning them with these wares put either a State in iealousie of them or them in hazard of their owne liues Now to our Apostle since the Cardinall will haue him so called I perswade my selfe I should doe a good seruice to the Church in this my labour if I could but reape this one fruit of it to moue the Cardinall to deale faithfully with the Fathers neuer to alledge their opinions against their own purpose For this letter of Gregorius was written to Iohn Bishop of 7 Greg. lib. 11. cap. 42. Palermo in Sicily to whom he granted vsum pallij to be worne in such times and in such order as the Priests in the I le of Sicily and his predecessors were wont to vse and withall giueth him a caueat That the reuerence to the Apostolike Sea be not disturbed by the presumption of any for then the state of the members doeth remaine sound when the head of the Faith is not bruised by any iniury and the authoritie of the Canons alwayes remaine safe and sound Now let vs examine the words The Epistle was written to a Bishop especially to grant him the vse of the Pall a ceremonie and matter indifferent As it appeareth the Bishop of Rome tooke it well at his hands that he would not presume to take it vpon him without leaue from the Apostolike Sea giuing him that admonition which followeth in the wordes alledged out of him which doctrine we are so farre from impugning that we altogether approoue and allow of the same that whatsoeuer ceremony for order is thought meet by the Christian Magistrate and the Church the same ought inuiolably to be kept and where the head and gouernour in matters of that nature are not obeyed the members of that Church must needs run to hellish confusion But that Gregory by that terme caput fidei held himselfe the head of our faith and the head of all religion cannot stand with the course of his doctrine and writings For first when an 1 Iohn of Constantinople See Greg. lib. 4. Ep●st● 2 other would haue had this stile to be called Vniuersalis Episcopus hee said 2 Lib. 6. Epist. 30. I doe confidently auouch that whosoeuer calleth himselfe or desireth to be called Vniuersall Bishop in this aduancing of himselfe is the fore-runner of the Antichrist which notwithstanding was a stile farre inferiour to that of Caput fidei And when it was offered to himselfe the wordes of S. Gregory be these refusing that Title 3 Greg. lib. 4. epist 32. 36. None of my predecessours Bishops of Rome euer consented to vse this prophane name of vniuersall Bishop None of my predecessours euer tooke vpon him this name of singularitie neither consented to vse it Wee the Bishops of Rome doe not seeke nor yet accept this glorious title being offered vnto vs. And now I pray you would he that refused to be called Vniuersall Bishop be stiled Caput fidei vnlesse it were in that sense as I haue expressed which sense if he will not admit giue me leaue to say that of Gregorie which himselfe sayth of 4 Bellar. de Rom Pont lib. 2. cap. 10. Lyra Minus cautè locutus est or which he elsewhere sayth of Chrysostome 5 Idem lib. 2. de Missa cap. 10. Locutus est per excessum To redeeme therefore our Apostle out of his hands and to let him remaine ours and not his in this case it is very trew that he sayth in that sense he spake it When yee goe about to disturbe diminish or take away the authoritie or supremacie of the Church which resteth on the head of the King within his dominions ye cut off the head and chiefe gouernour thereof and disturbe the state and members of the whole body And for a conclusion of this point I pray him to think that we are so well perswaded of the good minde of our Apostle S. Gregory to vs that wee desire no other thing to be suggested to the Pope and his Cardinals then our Apostle S. Gregory desired 6 Greg. lib. 7. Epist. 1. Sabinian to suggest vnto the Emperour and the State in his time His words be these One thing there is of which I would haue you shortly to suggest to your most noble Lord and Master That if I his seruant would haue had my hand in slaying of the Lombards at this day the Nation of the Lombards had neither had King nor Dukes nor Earles and had beene diuided asunder in vtter confusion but because I feare God I dread to haue my hand in the blood of any man And thus hauing answered to S. Gregory An answere to the authoritie out of Leo. I come to another Pope his Apostle S. Leo. And that hee may see I haue not in the former citations quarelled him like a Sophister for contention sake but for finding out of the trewth I doe grant that the authorities out of 1 Leo primus in die assump suae ad Pont. serm 3. Leo Epist 89. ad Episc Vien Idem ibid. ca. 2. Leo are rightly alledged all three the wordes trewly set downe together with his trew intent and purpose but withall let me tell him and I appeale vnto his owne conscience whether I speake not trewly that what Tullie said to 2 Cic. in Hort. Hortensius when he did immoderately praise eloquence that hee would haue lift her vp to Heauen that himselfe might haue gone vp with her So his S. Leo lift vp S. Peter with praises to the skie that he being his 3 For so hee calleth himselfe in serm 1. in die assum heire might haue gone vp with him For his S. Leo was a great Oratour who by the power of his eloquence redeemed Rome from fire when both 4 Ex breniario Romano Attilas and Gensericus would haue burnt it Some fruites of this rhetoricke hee bestowed vpon S. Peter saying The Lord 5 Epist 89. did take Peter into the fellowship of the indiuisible vnitie which wordes being coupled to the sentence alledged by the Cardinall that he hath no part in the diuine Mysterie that dare depart from the soliditie of Peter should haue giuen him I thinke such a skarre as hee should neuer haue dared to haue taken any aduantage by the wordes immediatly preceding for the benefite of the Church of Rome and the head

said let vs turne our eyes vpon our owne time and therein remember what a Panegyricke 4 See the Oration of S●xtus Quintus made in the Consistory vpon the death of Henry the 3. Oration was made by the Pope in praise and approbation of the Frier and his fact that murthered king Henry the third of France who was so farre from either being Hereticke Ethnicke or Persecutor in their account that the said Popes owne wordes in that Oration are That a trew Friar hath killed a counterfeit Frier And besides that vehement Oration and congratulation for that fact how neere it scaped that the said Frier was not canonized for that glorious act is better knowen to Bellarmine and his followers then to vs here But sure I am if some Cardinals had not beene more wise and circumspect in that errand then the Pope himselfe was the Popes owne Kalender of his Saints would haue sufficiently proued Bellarmin a lier in this case And to draw yet neerer vnto our selues how many practises and attempts were made against the late Queenes life which were directly enioyned to those Traitours by their Confessors and plainly authorized by the Popes allowance For verification whereof there needs no more proofe then that neuer Pope either then or since called any Church-man in question for medling in any those treasonable conspiracies nay the Cardinals owne S. Sanderus mentioned in his Letter could well verifie this trewth if hee were aliue and who will looke his bookes will finde them filled with no other doctrine then this And what difference there is betweene the killing or allowing the slaughter of Kings and the stirring vp and approbation of practises to kill them I remit to Bellarmines owne iudgement It may then very clearely appeare how strangely this Authors passion hath made him forget himselfe by implicating himselfe in so strong a contradiction against his owne knowledge and conscience against the witnesse of his former bookes and against the practise of our owne times But who can wonder at this contradiction of himselfe in this point when his owne great Volumes are so filled with contradictions which when either he or any other shall euer bee able to reconcile I will then beleeue that hee may easily reconcile this impudent strong deniall of his in his Letter of any Popes medling against Kings with his owne former bookes as I haue already said And that I may not seeme to imitate him in affirming boldly that which I no wayes prooue I will therefore send the Reader to looke for witnesses of his contradictions in such places here mentioned in his owne booke In his bookes of 1 Bellar. de Iustif lib. 5. cap. 7. Iustification there he affirmeth That for the vncertaintie of our owne proper righteousnesse and for auoiding of vaine-glory it is most sure and safe to repose our whole confidence in the alone mercy and goodnesse of God 2 Contrary to all his fiue bookes de Iustificatione Which proposition of his is directly contrary to the discourse and current of all his fiue bookes de Iustificatione wherein the same is contained God doeth not encline a man to euill either 3 Bellar. de amis gra stat pecca li. 2. c. 13. naturally or morally Presently after hee affirmeth the contrary That God doeth not encline to euill naturally but 4 Ibidem paulò pòst morally All the Fathers teach constantly That 5 Bellar. declericis lib. 1. c. 14. Bishops doe succeed the Apostles and Priests the seuentie disciples Elsewhere he affirmeth the contrary That 6 Bellar. de Pont. l. 4. c. 25. Bishops doe not properly succeede the Apostles That 7 Bellar. de Pont. lib. 1. c 12. Iudas did not beleeue Contrary That 8 Bellar. de Iustif lib. 3. c. 14. Iudas was iust and certainly good The keeping of the 9 Bellar. de gra lib arbit lib. 5. cap. 5. Law according to the substance of the worke doeth require that the Commandement be so kept that sinne be not committed and the man be not guiltie for hauing not kept the Commandement Contrary 10 Eodem lib. cap. 9. It is to be knowen that it is not all one to doe a good morall worke and to keepe the Commandement according to the substance of the worke For the Commandement may be kept according to the substance of the worke euen with sinne as if one should restore to his friend the thing committed to him of trust to the end that theeues might afterward take it from him 1 Bellar. de Pont. lib 4 c. 3. Peter did not loose that faith whereby the heart beleeueth vnto iustification Contrary 2 Bell. de Iust lib. 3. cap. 14. Peters sinne was deadly 3 3 Bell. de Rom Pontif. lib 3. cap. 14. Antichrist shall be a Magician and after the maner of other Magicians shall secretly worship the diuel 4 Ibid. ex sentent Hypol. Cyril cap. 12. eiusdem libri Contrary He shall not admit of idolatrie he shall hate idoles and reedifie the Temple By the words of 5 Bell. lib. 1. de missa cap. 17. Consecration the trew and solemne oblation is made Contrary The sacrifice doeth not consist in the words but in the 6 Bellar. de miss lib. 2. cap. 12. oblation of the thing it selfe 7 Bellar. de anim Christ lib. 4. cap. 5. That the end of the world cannot be knowne 8 Bellar. de Pont. lib. 3. cap. 17. Contrary After the death of Antichrist there shall bee but fiue and fourtie dayes till the end of the world 9 Bellar. de Pont. lib. 3. cap. 13. That the tenne Kings shall burne the scarlet Whore that is Rome 10 Bellar. ibid. Contrary Antichrist shall hate Rome and fight against it and burne it 11 Bellar. de Pont. lib. 2. cap. 31. The name of vniuersall Bishop may be vnderstood two wayes one way that he which is said to be vniuersall Bishop may bee thought to be the onely Bishop of all Christian Cities so that all others are not indeed Bishops but onely Vicars to him who is called vniuersall Bishop in which sense the Pope is not vniuershall Bishop Contrary All ordinary 12 Bellar. de Pont. lib. 2. cap. 24. iurisdiction of Bishops doeth descend immediatly from the Pope and is in him and from him is deriued to others Which few places I haue onely selected amongst many the like that the discreet and iudicious Reader may discerne ex vngue Leonem For when euer he is pressed with a weighty obiection hee neuer careth nor remembreth how his solution and answere to that may make him gainesay his owne doctrine in some other places so it serue him for a shift to put off the present storme withall But now to returne to our matter againe Since Popes sayeth hee haue neuer at any time medled against Kings wherefore I pray you should onely the King of ENGLAND be afraid of that

500. yeeres the Church groned vnder the heauy burthen both of heathen Emperours and of hereticall Kings the Visigot Kings in Spaine and the Vandals in Affrica Of whose displeasure the Pope had small reason or cause to stand in any feare beeing so remote from their dominions and no way vnder the lee of their Soueraigntie But let vs come to see what aide the L. Cardinall hath amassed and piled together out of latter histories prouided wee still beare in mind that our question is not of popular tumults nor of the rebellion of subiects making insurrections out of their owne discontented spirits and braine-sicke humors nor of lawfull Excommunications nor of Canonicall censures and reprehensions but onely of a iuridicall sentence of deposition pronounced by the Pope as armed with ordinary and lawfull power to depose against a Soueraigne Prince Now then Exampl 1. pag. 18 Enag hist Eccles lib. 3. cap. 32. The L. Cardinall sets on and giues the first charge with Anastasius the Emperour whom Euphemius Patriarke of Constantinople would neuer acknowledge for Emperour that is to say would neuer consent he should be created Emperour by the helpe of his voice or suffrage except he would first subscribe to the Chalcedon Creed notwithstanding the great Empresse and Senate sought by violent courses and practises to make him yeeld And when afterward the said Emperour contrary to his oath taken played the relaps by falling into his former heresie and became a persecutor he was first admonished and then excommunicated by Symmachus Bishop of Rome To this the L. Cardinall addes that when the said Emperour was minded to choppe the poison of his hereticall assertions into the publique formes of diuine seruice then the people of Constantinople made an vproare against Anastasius their Emperour and one of his Commanders by force of armes constrained him to call backe certaine Bishops whom he had sent into banishment before In this first example the L. Cardinall by his good leaue neither comes close to the question nor falutes it a farre off Euphemius was not Bishop of Rome Anastasius was not deposed by Euphemius the Patriarch onely made no way to the creating of Anastasius The suddaine commotion of the base multitude makes nothing the rebellion of a Greeke Commaunder makes lesse for the authorizing of the Pope to depose a Soueraigne Prince The Greeke Emperour was excommunicated by Pope Symmachus who knowes whether that be trew or forged For the Pope himselfe is the onely witnesse here produced by the L. Cardinall vpon the point and who knowes not how false how suppositious the writings and Epistles of the auncient Popes are iustly esteemmed But graunt it a trewth yet Anasta sius excommunicated by Pope Symmachus is not Anastasius deposed by Pope Symmachus And to make a full answere I say further that excommunication denounced by a forraine Bishop againsta party not beeing within the limits of his iurisdiction or one of his owne flocke was not any barre to the party from the communion of the Church but onely a kind of publication that he the said Bishop in his particular would hold no further communion with any such party For proofe whereof I produce the Canons of the Councils held at Carthage In one of the said Canons it is thus prouided and ordained * Nomecan Affric Can. 77. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 If any Bishop shall wilfully absent himselfe from the vsuall and accustomed Synodes let him not be admitted to the communion of other Churches but let him onely vse the benefit and libertie of his owne Church In an other of the same Canons thus * Can. 81. eiusd Nomo 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 If a Bishop shall insinuate himselfe to make a conuciance of his Monasterie and the ordering thereof vnto a Monke of any other Cloister let him be cut off let him be separated from the communion with other Churches and content himselfe to liue in the communion of his owne flocke In the same sense Hilarius Bishop of Poictiers excommunicated Liberius Bishop of Rome for subscribing to the Arrian Confession Anathematibi à me Liberi Faber in frag Hilarij In the same sense Iohn Bishop of Antioch excommunicated Caelestine of Rome and Cyrill of Alexandria Bishops for proceeding to sentence against Nestorius without staying his comming to answere in his owne cause In the same sense likewise Victor Bishop of Rome did cut off all the Bishops of the East not from the communion of their owne flocks but from communion with Victor and the Romane Church What resemblance what agreement what proportion betweene this course of excommunication and that way of vniust fulmination which the Popes of Rome haue vsurped against Kings Examp. 2. but yet certaine long courses of time after that auncient course And this may stand for a full answere likewise to the example of Clotharius This ancient King of the French fearing the censures of Pope Agapetus erected the Territorie of Yuetor vnto the title of a Kingdome by way of satisfaction for murdering of Gualter Lord of Yuetot For this example the L. Cardinall hath ransackt records of 900. yeeres antiquitie and vpward in which times it were no hard piece of worke to shew that Popes would not haue any hand nor so much as a finger in the affaires and acts of the French Kings Gregorie of Tours that liued in the same aage hath recorded many acts of excesse and violent iniuries done against Bishops by their Kings and namely against Praetextatus Bishop of Roan for any of which iniurious prankes then played the Bishop of Rome durst not reprooue the said Kings with due remonstrance But see heere the words of Gregorie himselfe to King Chilperic If any of vs O King shall swarue from the path of Iustice him hast thou power to punish But in case thou shalt at any time transgresse the lines of equitie who shall once touch thee with reproofe To thee wee speake but are neuer heeded and regarded except it be thy pleasure and bee thou not pleased who shall challenge thy greatnesse but hee that iustly challengeth to bee Iustice it selfe The good Bishop notwithstanding these humble remonstrances was but roughly entreated and packt into exile being banished into the Isle of Guernsay But I am not minded to make any deepe search or inquisition into the titles of the Lords of Yuetot whose honourable priuiledges and titles are the most honourable badges and cognizances of their Ancestours and of some remarkeable seruice done to the Crowne of France so farre I take them to differ from a satisfaction for sinne And for the purpose I onely affirme that were the credit of this historie beyond all exception yet makes it nothing to the present question Wherein the power of deposing and not of excommunicating supreme Kings is debated And suppose the King by Charter granted the said priuiledges for feare of Excommunication how is it prooued thereby that Pope Agapetus had lawfull and ordinary power to depriue him of

vnking'd by deposition is not killing of a King For the present I haue one of that Iesuiticall Order in prison who hath face enough to speake this language of Ashdod and to maintaine this doctrine of the Iesuites Colledges The L. Cardinall harpes vpon the same string He can like subiection and obedience to the King whilest he sitteth King but his Holinesse must haue all power and giue order withall to hoyst him out of his Royall Seat I therefore now answer that in very deed the former passages of S. Paul and S. Peter should come nothing neere the question if the state of the question were such as he brings it made and forged in his owne shop But certes the state of the question is not whether a King may doe some acte by reason whereof hee may fall from his right or may not any longer be acknowledged for King For all our contention is concerning the Popes power to vn-authorize Princes wheras in the question framed and fitted by the L. Cardinal not a word of the Pope For were it granted and agreed on both sides that a King by election might fal from his Kingdom yet stil the knot of the question would hold whether he can be dispossessed of his Regal authoritie by any power in the Pope whether the Pope hath such fulnes of power to strip a King of those Royall robes rights and reuenewes of the Crowne which were neuer giuen him by the Pope as also by what authoritie of holy Scripture the Pope is able to beare out himselfe in this power and to make it good But here the L. Card. stoutly saith in his owne defence by way of reioinder Page 71. As one text hath Let euery soule be subiect vnto the higher powers in like maner an other text hath Obey your Prelates and be subiect vnto your Pastors for they watch ouer your soules as men that shall giue an accompt for your soules This reason is void of reason and makes against himselfe For may not Prelates be obeyed and honoured without Kings be deposed If Prelates preach the doctrine of the Cospell will they in the pulpit stirre vp subiects to rebell against Kings Moreouer whereas the vniuersall Church in these daies is diuided into so many discrepant parts that now Prelates neither doe nor can draw all one way is it not exceeding hard keeping our obedience towards God to honour them all at once with due obedience Nay is not here offered vnto me a dart out of the L. Cardinals armorie to cast at himselfe For as God chargeth all men with obedience to Kings and yet from that commaundement of God the L. Cardinall would not haue it inferred that Kings haue power to degrade Ecclesiasticall Prelates euen so God giueth charge to obey Prelates yet doeth it not follow from hence that Prelates haue power to depose Kings These two degrees of obedience agree well together and are each of them bounded with peculiar and proper limits But for so much as in this point we haue on our side the whole auncient Church which albeit she liued and groned for many aages together vnder heathen Emperours heretikes and persecuters did neuer so much as whisper a word about rebelling and falling from their Soueraigne Lords and was neuer by any mortall creature freed from the oath of allegiance to the Emperour the Cardinall is not vnwilling to graunt that ancient Chrisuans in those times were bound to performe such fidelity and allegiance for as much as the Church the Cardinall for shame durst not say the Pope then had not absolued them of their oath No doubt a pleasant dreame or a merry conceit rather to imagine the Bishop of Rome was armed with power to take away the Empire of the world from Nero or Claudius or Domitianus to whom it was not knowen whether the citie of Rome had any Bishop at all Is it not a master-iest of a straine most ridiculous to presuppose the Grand-masters and absolute Lords of the whole world had a sent so dull that they were not able to smell out and to nose things vnder their owne noses that they saw so little with other mens eies and their owne that within their capitall citie they could not spie that Soueraigne armed with ordinary and lawfull authority to degrade and to turne them out of their renowned Empire Doubtlesse the said Emperours vassals belike of the Popes Empire are to be held excused for not acknowledging and honouring the Pope in quality of their Lord as became his vassals because they did not know there was any such power in the world as after-times haue magnified and adored vnder the qualitie of Pope For the Bishops of Rome in those times were of no greater authoritie power and meanes then some of the Bishops are in these daies within my Kingdomes But certes those Popes of that primitiue aage thought it not expedient in the said times to draw their swords they exercised their power in a more mild and soft kind of carriage toward those miserable Emperours for three seuerall reasons alledged by the L. Cardinall The first because the Bishops then durst not by their censures whet and prouoke those Emperours for feare of plunging the Church in a Sea of persecutions But if I be not cleane voide of common sense this reason serueth to charge not onely the Bishops of Rome but all the auncient professors of Christ besides with deepe dissimulation and hypocrisie For it is all one as if he had professed that all their obedience to their Soueraignes was but counterfeit and extorted or wrong out of them by force that all the submissiue supplications of the auncient Fathers the assured testimonies and pledges of their allegiance humilitie and patience were but certaine formes of disguised speech proceeding not freely from the suggestions of fidelity but faintly and fainedly or at least from the strong twitches and violent conuulsions of feare Whereupon it followes that all their torments and punishments euen to the death are wrongfully honoured with the title and crowned with the crowne of Martyrdome because their patience proceeded not from their owne free choice and election but was taught by the force of necessitie as by compulsion and whereas they had not mutinously and rebelliously risen in armes to asswage the scorching heat and burning flames of tyrannicall persecuters it was not for want of will but for lacke of power Which false and forged imputation the Fathers haue cleared themselues of in their writings Tert. Apol. cap. 37. Hesterni sumus omnia restra impleuimus Tertullian in his Apologet All places are full of Christians the cities isles castles burroughs armies c. If we that are so infinite a power and multitude of men had broken from you into some remote nooke or corner of the world the cities no doubt had become naked and solitarie there had beene a dreadfull and horrible filence ouer the face of the whole Empire the great Emperours had beene driuen