the_o best_a foundation_n we_o can_v give_v to_o this_o enquiry_n be_v that_o all_o faculty_n have_v a_o natural_a inclination_n to_o produce_v those_o action_n which_o be_v in_o their_o power_n that_o they_o tend_v thither_o as_o to_o their_o end_n and_o to_o their_o perfection_n and_o that_o they_o never_o forbear_v to_o act_v when_o all_o condition_n necessary_a to_o action_n occur_v from_o this_o principle_n which_o be_v as_o clear_a as_o the_o light_n and_o which_o draw_v its_o proof_n from_o all_o thing_n which_o be_v in_o the_o universe_n it_o follow_v that_o all_o the_o faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n have_v the_o same_o inclination_n that_o they_o seek_v but_o to_o act_v and_o that_o those_o which_o have_v no_o other_o action_n but_o knowledge_n can_v hinder_v themselves_o from_o know_v when_o their_o object_n be_v present_a and_o when_o they_o be_v not_o otherwise_o divert_v if_o there_o be_v then_o the_o principal_a action_n which_o form_n knowledge_n to_o wit_n the_o first_o conception_n the_o judgement_n and_o the_o discourse_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o the_o faculty_n which_o be_v capable_a to_o produce_v they_o produce_v they_o in_o effect_n when_o the_o object_n of_o every_o of_o these_o action_n be_v present_a unto_o they_o and_o that_o they_o be_v neither_o divert_v nor_o hinder_v now_o the_o object_n of_o the_o first_o be_v those_o which_o present_v themselves_o under_o one_o only_a image_n that_o of_o the_o second_o be_v those_o which_o present_v themselves_o under_o two_o image_n which_o may_v unite_v or_o separate_v themselves_o that_o of_o the_o three_o be_v the_o rest_n which_o be_v of_o a_o great_a number_n and_o which_o may_v be_v link_v together_o by_o a_o middle_n which_o be_v common_a unto_o they_o so_o that_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o at_o the_o presence_n of_o a_o simple_a object_n that_o faculty_n which_o be_v not_o divert_v be_v necessitate_v and_o can_v hinder_v itself_o from_o produce_v in_o itself_o that_o image_n in_o which_o the_o first_o and_o simple_a conception_n consist_v and_o that_o it_o be_v constrain_v to_o unite_v or_o divide_v two_o different_a image_n wherein_o the_o judgement_n consist_v as_o also_o when_o it_o find_v more_o which_o link_v themselves_o together_o it_o must_v of_o necessity_n bound_v they_o and_o make_v this_o return_n and_o circular_a motion_n in_o which_o the_o nature_n of_o ratiocination_n consist_v as_o we_o have_v show_v from_o hence_o we_o must_v necessary_o conclude_v that_o it_o be_v indifferent_a for_o this_o three_o operation_n for_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v evident_a or_o doubtful_a forasmuch_o as_o suppose_v that_o there_o be_v three_o term_n or_o three_o image_n which_o altenative_o may_v join_v themselves_o together_o and_o suffer_v this_o circular_a revolution_n we_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o faculty_n must_v necessary_o assemble_v they_o since_o it_o be_v not_o hinder_v and_o that_o the_o object_n of_o its_o action_n be_v present_a but_o yet_o it_o follow_v that_o evidence_n and_o certainty_n far_o from_o serve_v as_o a_o obstacle_n to_o ratiocination_n advance_v and_o favour_v it_o and_o on_o the_o contrary_n doubt_v and_o obscurity_n retard_v and_o hinder_v it_o for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o if_o the_o connexion_n of_o term_n be_v evident_a and_o certain_a the_o concatenation_n which_o discourse_n require_v will_n the_o soon_o be_v make_v and_o more_o perfect_o than_o if_o it_o be_v find_v obscure_a and_o doubtful_a forasmuch_o as_o time_n and_o pain_n be_v require_v to_o take_v away_o obscurity_n and_o doubt_n and_o consequent_o to_o encounter_v this_o common_a concatenation_n which_o ought_v to_o unite_v all_o the_o part_n of_o ratiocination_n but_o this_o truth_n can_v be_v contest_v if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o there_o be_v ratiocination_n make_v in_o a_o instant_n as_o we_o have_v show_v for_o all_o the_o proposition_n which_o compose_v they_o be_v then_o at_o the_o same_o time_n know_v there_o can_v be_v not_o one_o more_o doubtful_a and_o obscure_a then_o the_o other_o and_o the_o conclusion_n which_o make_v itself_o assoon_o know_v as_o the_o antecedent_n aught_o to_o be_v as_o clear_v and_o evident_a as_o they_o can_v be_v to_o conclude_v experience_n and_o the_o school_n teach_v we_o that_o science_n and_o opinion_n may_v be_v find_v together_o for_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n as_o well_o as_o faith_n and_o science_n and_o therefore_o since_o we_o can_v prove_v the_o conclusion_n of_o science_n by_o topical_a argument_n and_o proposition_n of_o faith_n by_o demonstration_n we_o may_v reason_v on_o thing_n which_o be_v not_o doubtful_a the_o conclusion_n of_o science_n and_o the_o proposition_n of_o faith_n leave_v no_o doubt_n and_o be_v most_o certain_a and_o most_o assure_a yet_o we_o may_v object_v two_o thing_n p._n 113._o the_o first_o that_o the_o soul_n ought_v then_o to_o go_v all_o at_o once_o to_o the_o conclusion_n without_o make_v all_o this_o progress_n unprofitable_a to_o its_o self_n but_o to_o this_o we_o answer_v that_o this_o progress_n be_v natural_a to_o the_o soul_n that_o she_o can_v march_v otherwise_o and_o that_o to_o make_v she_o move_v in_o another_o manner_n be_v to_o violence_n her_o nature_n and_o to_o destroy_v that_o action_n which_o be_v most_o proper_a and_o most_o convenient_a for_o we_o as_o a_o circle_n which_o can_v otherwise_o be_v move_v but_o by_o the_o turn_v and_o circumvolution_n it_o make_v about_o itself_o the_o soul_n which_o in_o some_o manner_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v of_o that_o gender_n can_v also_o move_v but_o by_o discourse_n which_o be_v a_o circular_a motion_n it_o give_v itself_o some_o agitation_n in_o its_o first_o knowledge_n but_o if_o she_o be_v not_o hinder_v she_o never_o stop_v there_o and_o ever_o make_v its_o revolution_n entire_a indeed_o without_o doubt_n whoever_o will_v observe_v the_o manner_n whereby_o the_o understanding_n know_v thing_n will_v find_v that_o it_o make_v but_o few_o motion_n or_o simple_a proposition_n which_o be_v not_o accompany_v with_o a_o complete_a discourse_n and_o although_o speech_n make_v but_o one_o part_n appear_v it_o forbear_v not_o to_o make_v it_o in_o its_o self_n entire_a and_o to_o join_v in_o secret_a to_o the_o notion_n it_o express_v the_o antecedent_n or_o the_o consequence_n it_o be_v compose_v of_o this_o also_o be_v perform_v with_o that_o swiftness_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a the_o voice_n and_o tongue_n shall_v follow_v it_o nor_o that_o speech_n shall_v mark_v all_o the_o thought_n it_o form_n in_o these_o encounter_n as_o much_o be_v to_o be_v say_v of_o the_o imagination_n and_o even_o with_o more_o right_a because_o it_o be_v a_o faculty_n which_o be_v not_o free_a as_o be_v the_o understanding_n but_o which_o be_v absolute_o determine_v by_o the_o object_n and_o which_o operate_v not_o but_o for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o animal_n so_o that_o we_o may_v be_v assure_v that_o she_o know_v nothing_o but_o she_o make_v a_o practical_a judgement_n of_o it_o whether_o it_o be_v to_o follow_v or_o to_o forsake_v it_o whether_o it_o be_v to_o do_v it_o or_o not_o to_o do_v it_o now_o if_o this_o be_v so_o it_o form_v no_o action_n nor_o proposition_n without_o reason_v as_o have_v be_v show_v in_o the_o precedent_a discourse_n however_o it_o be_v the_o progress_n which_o the_o soul_n make_v by_o reason_v thus_o be_v not_o useless_a to_o it_o as_o have_v be_v say_v for_o although_o the_o conclusion_n be_v as_o evident_a unto_o it_o as_o the_o proposition_n it_o make_v use_v of_o to_o attain_v it_o yet_o she_o fortify_v herself_o in_o the_o certainty_n she_o have_v of_o it_o by_o the_o knowledge_n which_o these_o proposition_n afford_v she_o &_o she_o take_v they_o as_o witness_n which_o do_v not_o discover_v to_o she_o the_o truth_n which_o she_o know_v from_o elsewhere_o but_o which_o confirm_v she_o in_o it_o neither_o be_v it_o a_o thing_n particular_a unto_o she_o on_o this_o occasion_n she_o do_v the_o same_o in_o all_o her_o other_o knowledge_n for_o although_o she_o be_v assure_v by_o a_o sense_n of_o the_o object_n which_o it_o represent_v yet_o she_o inquire_v the_o judgement_n of_o other_o she_o will_v have_v those_o truth_n confirm_v by_o experience_n which_o reason_n hold_v indubitable_a and_o that_o reason_n shall_v hold_v up_o these_o experience_n which_o she_o believe_v most_o certain_a she_o will_v even_o reason_n on_o mystery_n of_o religion_n and_o join_v science_n with_o faith_n as_o she_o often_o join_v opinion_n with_o science_n and_o herein_o she_o follow_v the_o intention_n of_o nature_n which_o to_o assure_v animal_n in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o thing_n useful_a unto_o they_o will_v that_o all_o the_o faculty_n and_o all_o the_o mean_v give_v to_o that_o end_n shall_v concur_v thereunto_o together_o this_o doctrine_n be_v not_o unknown_a in_o the_o school_n who_o hold_v that_o the_o first_o principle_n
in_o dream_n and_o sickness_n the_o imagination_n assemble_v phantasm_n which_o be_v not_o of_o the_o same_o order_n to_o assemble_v they_o she_o first_o of_o all_o must_v separate_v those_o with_o which_o there_o be_v a_o natural_a tie_n yet_o will_v not_o m.c._n consent_v to_o this_o truth_n as_o clear_v and_o evident_a as_o it_o be_v and_o he_o say_v that_o to_o persuade_v he_o i_o must_v employ_v reason_n like_o those_o i_o use_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o imagination_n know_v the_o substance_n of_o object_n i_o be_o very_o glad_a that_o m.c._n who_o be_v so_o serious_a will_v sport_v himself_o here_o he_o must_v also_o give_v i_o leave_v to_o say_v that_o he_o may_v do_v it_o more_o modest_o than_o he_o have_v do_v for_o in_o stead_n of_o play_v upon_o i_o he_o offend_v i_o and_o instead_o of_o use_v raillery_n he_o wrong_v i_o be_v i_o to_o revenge_v myself_o i_o shall_v only_o answer_v that_o since_o he_o do_v not_o apprehend_v the_o reason_n he_o speak_v of_o it_o have_v be_v useless_a for_o i_o to_o have_v produce_v the_o like_a but_o as_o there_o be_v a_o great_a appearance_n that_o he_o will_v be_v now_o better_o instruct_v than_o he_o be_v then_o and_o that_o the_o confusion_n he_o will_v be_v in_o to_o have_v use_v i_o so_o unworthy_o be_v revenge_n enough_o for_o i_o i_o shall_v content_v myself_o to_o assure_v he_o that_o i_o have_v not_o only_o take_v the_o leisure_n but_o also_o care_v to_o examine_v the_o reason_n he_o condemn_v and_o that_o other_o as_o judicious_a as_o himself_o have_v approve_v they_o and_o that_o for_o his_o reputation_n it_o have_v be_v to_o have_v be_v wish_v that_o he_o himself_o have_v not_o have_v the_o leisure_n to_o have_v examine_v they_o for_o have_v he_o be_v content_v with_o what_o he_o have_v say_v here_o he_o can_v have_v make_v those_o believe_v which_o have_v net_n the_o commodity_n of_o read_v they_o that_o they_o be_v as_o strange_a as_o he_o imagine_v they_o but_o the_o passion_n he_o have_v to_o leave_v nothing_o uncontradict_v by_o which_o he_o have_v finish_v his_o work_n have_v in_o the_o addition_n make_v it_o appear_v that_o he_o understand_v they_o not_o and_o i_o be_o confident_a that_o this_o happen_v through_o his_o fault_n and_o none_o of_o i_o after_o all_o this_o can_v i_o not_o have_v show_v that_o the_o imagination_n make_v negative_a proposition_n it_o be_v indifferent_a for_o the_o design_n i_o have_v to_o prove_v that_o animal_n reason_n it_o be_v sufficient_a that_o she_o make_v affirmative_n to_o infer_v what_o i_o pretend_v as_o we_o shall_v see_v in_o the_o pursuit_n i_o have_v make_v it_o appear_v in_o my_o first_o discourse_n that_o i_o build_v no_o foundation_n on_o the_o proof_n which_o i_o may_v draw_v from_o negative_a proposition_n speak_v thereof_o but_o by_o the_o way_n and_o with_o that_o briefness_n which_o the_o examen_fw-la of_o those_o thing_n require_v which_o be_v quite_o contrary_a to_o those_o of_o which_o have_v be_v ample_o treat_v so_o that_o without_o forsake_v the_o opinion_n i_o have_v of_o these_o proposition_n i_o shall_v grant_v m.c._n that_o i_o have_v not_o well_o establish_v they_o so_o as_o he_o will_v confess_v that_o he_o have_v not_o sufficient_o destroy_v they_o and_o shall_v he_o have_v succeed_v that_o it_o will_v nothing_o prejudice_v the_o right_n which_o i_o defend_v how_o beast_n judge_v of_o thing_n but_o let_v we_o conclude_v this_o troublesome_a discourse_n by_o the_o address_n which_o he_o use_v to_o show_v that_o beast_n judge_v not_o whether_o thing_n be_v good_a or_o ill_a unto_o they_o for_o he_o will_v have_v it_o pass_v for_o a_o authentic_a proof_n p._n 143._o the_o sense_n of_o most_o part_n of_o philosopher_n who_o believe_v they_o judge_v of_o nothing_o and_o that_o they_o know_v the_o thing_n which_o be_v good_a for_o they_o by_o simple_a conception_n without_o affirm_v that_o they_o be_v good_a and_o indeed_o if_o he_o can_v oblige_v i_o to_o admit_v for_o the_o judge_n of_o a_o dispute_n those_o who_o be_v my_o adversary_n he_o will_v have_v find_v a_o good_a expedient_a to_o have_v gain_v his_o cause_n i_o know_v that_o it_o be_v the_o common_a opinion_n and_o that_o the_o school_n teach_v that_o the_o imagination_n be_v not_o say_v to_o compose_v but_o in_o that_o it_o consider_v two_o image_n at_o once_o as_o he_o say_v but_o these_o be_v judge_n or_o interest_v witness_n which_o i_o refuse_v in_o this_o cause_n be_v it_o to_o be_v decide_v by_o authority_n m._n c's_o will_v alone_o of_o itself_o have_v as_o much_o power_n over_o i_o as_o that_o of_o all_o the_o philosopher_n which_o he_o quote_v and_o where_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o produce_v reason_n i_o shall_v as_o willing_o follow_v his_o opinion_n as_o that_o of_o all_o the_o school_n but_o here_o we_o must_v of_o necessity_n and_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o say_v that_o beast_n judge_v of_o nothing_o it_o must_v be_v prove_v by_o some_o reason_n which_o at_o lest_o must_v be_v probable_a and_o must_v not_o subject_v we_o to_o the_o tyranny_n of_o these_o philosopher_n who_o have_v no_o other_o motive_n to_o believe_v thing_n but_o that_o their_o master_n say_v it_o but_o m._n c._n will_v have_v we_o believe_v from_o his_o bare_a word_n that_o beast_n judge_v not_o of_o the_o object_n of_o their_o appetite_n but_o as_o the_o external_n sense_n judge_n that_o a_o odour_n be_v good_a or_o ill_a that_o fire_n burn_v that_o honey_n be_v sweet_a and_o wormwood_n bitter_a without_o its_o be_v necessary_a to_o know_v those_o thing_n for_o the_o tongue_n to_o say_v this_o be_v sweet_a and_o this_o be_v bitter_a first_o he_o confound_v those_o knowledge_n which_o be_v altogether_o different_a for_o the_o sense_n know_v after_o another_o manner_n that_o honey_n be_v sweet_a and_o wormwood_n bitter_a than_o they_o do_v that_o fire_n burn_v and_o that_o a_o smell_n do_v good_a or_o ill_n and_o i_o shall_v always_o grant_v that_o beast_n judge_v not_o of_o the_o object_n of_o their_o appetite_n but_o as_o the_o sense_n know_v that_o fire_n burn_v or_o that_o a_o odour_n be_v ill_a but_o at_o the_o same_o time_n i_o shall_v deny_v that_o they_o judge_v of_o the_o object_n of_o their_o appetite_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o taste_n judge_v of_o the_o sweetness_n of_o honey_n and_o bitterness_n of_o wormwood_n for_o the_o sense_n may_v by_o a_o simple_a conception_n judge_v of_o the_o sweetness_n of_o honey_n for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v the_o proper_a and_o immediate_a object_n of_o the_o taste_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o always_o necessary_a that_o the_o imagination_n shall_v make_v a_o progress_n from_o one_o thing_n to_o another_o but_o when_o it_o judge_v that_o the_o fire_n burn_v it_o pass_v not_o only_o from_o the_o cause_n to_o the_o effect_n but_o it_o add_v also_o one_o image_n which_o be_v not_o sensible_a to_o one_o which_o be_v by_o judge_v that_o burn_a be_v evil_a which_o be_v a_o image_n which_o the_o sense_n furnish_v it_o not_o withal_o since_o to_o be_v good_a or_o ill_a useful_a or_o useless_a be_v such_o thing_n which_o know_v per_fw-la species_n non_fw-la sensatas_fw-la as_o the_o school_n say_v and_o which_o require_v beside_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o sense_n that_o of_o the_o estimative_a faculty_n but_o i_o say_v yet_o more_o to_o make_v this_o judgement_n reason_n be_v often_o employ_v therein_o for_o when_o a_o animal_n see_v the_o fire_n and_o that_o he_o will_v not_o come_v near_o it_o for_o fear_n of_o be_v burn_v by_o it_o he_o must_v have_v prove_v that_o it_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o fire_n to_o burn_v and_o remember_v the_o evil_n which_o former_o it_o have_v do_v unto_o he_o and_o consequent_o he_o must_v unite_v the_o image_n of_o the_o burn_a and_o the_o ill_a which_o he_o receive_v thereby_o with_o that_o of_o the_o present_a object_n and_o that_o of_o the_o ill_a which_o he_o apprehend_v therefrom_o which_o can_v not_o be_v do_v without_o discourse_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v hereafter_o beside_o what_o need_n have_v he_o to_o add_v that_o to_o know_v thing_n it_o be_v not_o necessary_a for_o the_o tongue_n to_o say_v this_o be_v sweet_a and_o this_o be_v bitter_a do_v he_o believe_v proposition_n may_v not_o be_v make_v without_o speak_v and_o that_o the_o judgement_n which_o the_o soul_n make_v in_o itself_o without_o express_v it_o by_o language_n be_v not_o true_a judgement_n if_o that_o be_v so_o dumb_a person_n will_v be_v more_o unhappy_a than_o we_o think_v they_o to_o be_v since_o they_o shall_v not_o only_o have_v lose_v their_o speech_n but_o even_o their_o judgement_n and_o their_o reason_n however_o it_o be_v it_o be_v not_o the_o tongue_n which_o make_v proposition_n it_o be_v the_o faculty_n of_o the_o
come_v to_o this_o it_o be_v to_o be_v answer_v 1._o that_o image_n have_v this_o privilege_n that_o although_o they_o represent_v contrary_a and_o incompatible_a thing_n yet_o they_o have_v no_o opposition_n among_o themselves_o and_o may_v be_v compatible_a together_o as_o both_o experience_n and_o the_o school_n teach_v we_o so_o that_o that_o of_o the_o past_a and_o future_a time_n what_o contrariety_n soever_o they_o may_v seem_v to_o have_v do_v not_o destroy_v one_o the_o other_o and_o the_o memory_n may_v preserve_v they_o at_o the_o same_o time_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o subject_n 2._o that_o the_o circumstance_n and_o the_o modification_n which_o the_o mind_n add_v to_o body_n of_o a_o principal_a figure_n be_v as_o so_o many_o several_a bed_n and_o different_a surface_n which_o she_o apply_v the_o one_o upon_o the_o other_o so_o that_o the_o latter_a alter_v not_o that_o which_o be_v first_o apply_v neither_o can_v any_o one_o corrupt_a the_o mistress_n figure_n which_o be_v therewithal_o reve_v so_o when_o we_o first_o see_v a_o man_n who_o be_v set_v the_o image_n of_o that_o man_n enter_v into_o the_o memory_n with_o that_o circumstance_n and_o when_o afterward_o we_o see_v he_o stand_v up_o the_o mind_n add_v to_o the_o man_n figure_n the_o latter_a modification_n without_o deface_v the_o former_a otherwise_o she_o can_v never_o remember_v she_o see_v he_o fit_a just_o so_o it_o be_v of_o the_o evil_a which_o at_o first_o it_o judge_v be_v to_o befall_v it_o for_o she_o preserve_v the_o image_n with_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o time_n to_o come_v and_o when_o it_o be_v past_a it_o add_v to_o the_o image_n of_o the_o ill_a the_o latter_a difference_n of_o time_n without_o deface_v the_o former_a now_o as_o these_o circumstance_n do_v not_o confound_v themselves_o in_o the_o memory_n but_o keep_v their_o natural_a distinction_n therein_o the_o imagination_n which_o may_v consider_v the_o accident_n of_o a_o subject_n without_o mind_v other_o may_v link_v itself_o to_o that_o of_o the_o future_a without_o mind_v the_o past_a for_o example_n if_o the_o object_n have_v any_o thing_n which_o be_v able_a to_o surprise_v or_o astonish_v the_o mind_n as_o without_o doubt_v a_o great_a danger_n be_v for_o the_o first_o sight_n which_o the_o imagination_n have_v may_v trouble_v it_o so_o powerful_o that_o it_o will_v stop_v at_o the_o first_o circumstance_n wherewith_o she_o find_v it_o reve_v and_o may_v then_o see_v it_o but_o as_o it_o be_v to_o come_v although_o she_o may_v know_v it_o as_o past_a do_v she_o but_o afford_v herself_o the_o time_n to_o consider_v the_o latter_a representation_n which_o she_o form_v thereof_o and_o it_o be_v in_o this_o sense_n what_o m._n c._n say_v be_v true_a that_o she_o will_v not_o be_v disturb_v with_o what_o be_v past_a and_o be_v no_o more_o to_o happen_v do_v she_o know_v it_o as_o past_a but_o it_o from_o hence_o follow_v not_o that_o she_o suffer_v the_o emotion_n of_o fear_n without_o have_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o future_a as_o we_o have_v show_v i_o shall_v not_o stop_v at_o what_o he_o suppose_v come_v desire_n respect_v the_o good_a to_o come_v that_o the_o imagination_n act_v alone_o in_o those_o example_n which_o he_o produce_v although_o i_o can_v show_v he_o the_o contrary_a it_o make_v nothing_o to_o the_o question_n so_o that_o there_o remain_v almost_o nothing_o for_o i_o to_o say_v to_o maintain_v the_o proof_n we_o have_v draw_v from_o the_o passion_n for_o the_o distinction_n he_o place_v in_o the_o desire_n and_o all_o what_o he_o say_v in_o pursuit_n thereof_o be_v useless_a in_o the_o point_n in_o hand_n shall_v i_o grant_v he_o that_o a_o man_n of_o a_o amorous_a inclination_n need_v no_o ratiocination_n to_o kindle_v the_o desire_n wherewith_o he_o suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v take_v at_o the_o sight_n of_o his_o mistress_n no_o more_o than_o he_o who_o be_v offend_v to_o stir_v up_o the_o appetite_n of_o vengeance_n which_o take_v he_o at_o sight_n of_o his_o enemy_n and_o so_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o example_n he_o produce_v and_o that_o at_o last_o all_o those_o desire_n be_v the_o first_o motion_n which_o depend_v not_o on_o reason_n since_o they_o prevent_v it_o shall_v i_o say_v i_o grant_v he_o all_o this_o what_o prejudice_n will_v it_o do_v to_o the_o proposition_n i_o have_v make_v i_o shall_v prove_v that_o the_o imagination_n may_v know_v thing_n to_o come_v and_o to_o that_o end_n i_o produce_v the_o experience_n we_o have_v that_o beast_n desire_v which_o be_v a_o passion_n which_o suppose_v this_o knowledge_n be_v there_o a_o word_n in_o all_o this_o discourse_n of_o m._n c._n which_o destroy_v this_o proof_n instead_o that_o he_o ought_v to_o show_v that_o desire_n require_v not_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o future_a he_o witness_v that_o he_o demand_v no_o ratiocination_n but_o it_o be_v not_o that_o which_o be_v in_o question_n it_o be_v to_o change_v the_o hypothesis_n and_o m._n c._n can_v avoid_v the_o blame_n to_o have_v fall_v into_o that_o error_n of_o ratiocination_n which_o the_o logician_n call_v ignoratio_fw-la elenchi_fw-la and_o if_o he_o can_v defend_v himself_o from_o it_o it_o be_v still_o true_a that_o he_o here_o confound_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o understanding_n with_o that_o of_o the_o imagination_n since_o he_o can_v confess_v it_o that_o when_o he_o say_v that_o the_o first_o motion_n do_v not_o depend_v from_o reason_n and_o that_o they_o prevent_v it_o that_o can_v be_v understand_v but_o of_o the_o superior_a and_o intellectual_a reason_n and_o therefore_o it_o make_v nothing_o against_o i_o who_o in_o all_o this_o discourse_n only_o show_v that_o the_o imagination_n have_v its_o proper_a and_o particular_a ratiocination_n in_o which_o the_o understanding_n have_v no_o share_n but_o to_o go_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o question_n what_o ever_o may_v be_v say_v there_o be_v no_o desire_n which_o suppose_v not_o the_o knowledge_n of_o what_o we_o desire_v and_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v know_v as_o a_o thing_n which_o we_o have_v not_o for_o do_v we_o believe_v we_o have_v it_o and_o possess_v it_o it_o will_v not_o provoke_v desire_n but_o love_n or_o joy_n neither_o be_v this_o a_o paradox_n it_o be_v the_o common_a sense_n of_o all_o the_o learned_a and_o it_o be_v fruitless_a to_o oppose_v against_o it_o that_o we_o sometime_o desire_v thing_n present_a for_o in_o see_v they_o we_o enjoy_v they_o not_o and_o they_o forbear_v not_o to_o be_v absent_a to_o that_o power_n for_o which_o we_o desire_v they_o as_o we_o have_v already_o say_v of_o fear_n and_o therefore_o we_o may_v safe_o conclude_v that_o since_o animal_n fear_v and_o desire_n as_o m.c._n himself_o confess_v its_o necessary_a they_o shall_v know_v the_o good_a and_o the_o evil_a to_o come_v and_o if_o they_o do_v know_v the_o thing_n in_o this_o difference_n of_o time_n which_o be_v most_o difficult_a to_o know_v we_o ought_v from_o thence_o to_o infer_v that_o they_o may_v know_v they_o in_o that_o of_o the_o past_a and_o of_o the_o present_a namely_o be_v endue_v with_o memory_n which_o be_v destine_v for_o thing_n past_a and_o of_o the_o sense_n which_o judge_v only_o of_o present_a object_n how_o beast_n know_v the_o difference_n of_o time_n this_o be_v well_o establish_v all_o the_o reason_n which_o which_o m._n c._n bring_v to_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a beast_n shall_v know_v any_o difference_n of_o time_n be_v useless_a the_o truth_n of_o this_o knowledge_n be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o difficulty_n it_o be_v to_o know_v how_o this_o knowledge_n may_v be_v acquire_v but_o the_o impossibility_n which_o be_v find_v in_o the_o manner_n in_o which_o we_o fancy_v the_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v can_v be_v sufficient_a to_o destroy_v the_o action_n and_o the_o effect_n which_o by_o experience_n we_o be_v assure_v of_o it_o be_v a_o strange_a way_n of_o philosophise_v to_o endeavour_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o loadston_n do_v not_o draw_v iron_n because_o that_o the_o attraction_n of_o a_o body_n can_v be_v make_v by_o a_o simple_a quality_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n m.c._n use_v herein_o no_o other_o mean_n and_o believe_v to_o have_v prove_v that_o animal_n know_v not_o the_o time_n because_o as_o he_o conceive_v there_o be_v no_o image_n which_o can_v represent_v it_o but_o what_o do_v he_o pretend_v to_o know_v all_o the_o secret_a of_o these_o image_n do_v he_o know_v what_o it_o be_v how_o they_o be_v form_v and_o how_o they_o represent_v the_o object_n what_o the_o most_o know_v have_v discover_v herein_o be_v but_o the_o least_o part_n of_o what_o nature_n have_v keep_v hide_v from_o they_o and_o although_o they_o be_v sure_a that_o they_o be_v and_o
with_o the_o thing_n it_o be_v as_o much_o as_o if_o we_o have_v say_v with_o the_o image_n of_o the_o thing_n otherwise_o the_o understanding_n itself_o can_v not_o know_v the_o time_n past_a nor_o the_o future_a conjoin_v with_o the_o thing_n for_o as_o much_o in_o effect_n the_o one_o be_v no_o more_o and_o the_o other_o be_v not_o yet_o it_o be_v therefore_o true_a that_o the_o imagination_n can_v know_v the_o difference_n of_o the_o time_n to_o come_v unless_o she_o have_v the_o image_n of_o the_o object_n to_o which_o it_o add_v this_o circumstance_n let_v not_o m.c._n insist_v upon_o its_o be_v present_a because_o it_o be_v present_a as_o to_o the_o actual_a existence_n and_o not_o as_o to_o the_o manner_n of_o represent_v it_o must_v be_v true_o in_o the_o imagination_n to_o represent_v the_o thing_n to_o come_v even_o as_o that_o of_o past_a thing_n ought_v to_o be_v there_o to_o make_v we_o remember_v that_o they_o be_v pass_v but_o how_o can_v it_o be_v in_o the_o imagination_n since_o the_o object_n it_o represent_v be_v not_o yet_o and_o that_o the_o copy_n can_v be_v before_o the_o original_n certain_o we_o be_v not_o to_o believe_v that_o a_o thing_n which_o never_o be_v and_o which_o have_v not_o pass_v through_o the_o sense_n can_v ever_o be_v in_o the_o imagination_n neither_o that_o it_o can_v be_v know_v as_o future_a the_o sense_n must_v former_o have_v make_v it_o know_v to_o make_v we_o judge_v that_o it_o be_v to_o come_v and_o that_o to_o the_o image_n which_o the_o present_a object_n furnish_v the_o soul_n afterward_o add_v the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o future_a time_n have_v the_o animal_n never_o resent_v blow_n he_o will_v never_o fear_v to_o suffer_v those_o to_o come_v and_o when_o that_o happen_v his_o imagination_n do_v only_o add_v the_o difference_n of_o the_o time_n to_o the_o image_n it_o form_v thereof_o when_o it_o receive_v they_o or_o to_o speak_v home_o she_o form_v a_o image_n like_a to_o that_o which_o she_o have_v in_o the_o memory_n and_o add_v thereunto_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o time_n to_o come_v there_o be_v more_o difficulty_n to_o say_v how_o she_o conceive_v this_o difference_n of_o time_n for_o although_o the_o motion_n be_v sensible_a and_o that_o the_o number_n of_o the_o part_n ought_v to_o be_v so_o too_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o there_o be_v great_a reason_n to_o doubt_v whether_o those_o which_o be_v not_o yet_o run_v and_o which_o consequent_o as_o yet_o be_v not_o may_v beat_v the_o sense_n which_o be_v only_o touch_v by_o object_n which_o be_v actual_o present_a yet_o this_o doubt_n may_v be_v satisfy_v by_o say_v that_o the_o word_n sensible_a be_v not_o restrain_v to_o the_o exterior_a sense_n and_o that_o it_o also_o mark_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v know_v by_o the_o interior_a sense_n now_o the_o imagination_n may_v raise_v itself_o above_o the_o exterior_a sense_n and_o form_n to_o itself_o image_n which_o these_o have_v not_o suggest_v so_o it_o judge_v that_o food_n be_v good_a or_o ill_a that_o a_o thing_n be_v a_o friend_n or_o a_o enemy_n which_o be_v notion_n which_o the_o exterior_a sense_n can_v furnish_v it_o withal_o and_o which_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v sensible_a since_o they_o be_v of_o the_o resort_n of_o the_o sensitive_a faculty_n as_o a_o man_n therefore_o be_v assure_v by_o experience_n that_o animal_n which_o fear_v and_o desire_n know_v the_o future_a it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o if_o the_o external_a sense_n can_v afford_v that_o knowledge_n which_o in_o their_o default_n the_o imagination_n supply_v and_o that_o it_o add_v this_o circumstance_n of_o time_n to_o the_o object_n which_o they_o represent_v unto_o it_o which_o be_v nothing_o difficult_a for_o it_o to_o do_v if_o we_o consider_v that_o it_o may_v remember_v itself_o of_o a_o past_a motion_n and_o that_o by_o consequence_n the_o image_n of_o that_o motion_n be_v preserve_v in_o the_o memory_n for_o it_o must_v then_o be_v that_o this_o image_n represent_v the_o flux_n and_o succession_n which_o be_v in_o this_o motion_n which_o be_v so_o when_o she_o see_v that_o a_o thing_n present_o move_v it_o may_v figure_v to_o itself_o that_o it_o may_v continue_v to_o move_v and_o in_o this_o continuation_n whereof_o it_o may_v form_v the_o image_n since_o it_o have_v the_o model_n thereof_o in_o the_o memory_n be_v comprise_v those_o part_n of_o motion_n which_o be_v to_o succeed_v and_o therefore_o it_o may_v know_v those_o part_n it_o may_v therefore_o know_v the_o part_n to_o come_v on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o time_n be_v nothing_o but_o the_o number_n of_o motion_n as_o it_o have_v part_n some_z whereof_z be_v before_o and_o other_o after_o it_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v that_o if_o the_o motion_n be_v sensible_a as_o all_o the_o world_n agree_v time_n must_v be_v so_o too_o since_o motion_n can_v be_v know_v but_o by_o the_o part_n run_v out_o and_o to_o run_v now_o to_o know_v they_o so_o be_v to_o know_v the_o number_n of_o the_o motion_n be_v to_o know_v time_n past_a and_o time_n to_o come_v and_o consequent_o the_o motion_n can_v be_v sensible_a but_o the_o time_n must_v be_v so_o also_o in_o effect_n it_o be_v the_o property_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v in_o a_o continual_a flux_n that_o they_o have_v no_o part_n which_o be_v not_o past_a or_o to_o pass_v otherwise_o there_o will_v be_v some_o one_o of_o they_o permanent_a against_o the_o nature_n of_o successive_a thing_n wherefore_o all_o the_o school_n constant_o hold_v that_o there_o be_v nothing_o actual_o present_a in_o time_n nor_o in_o motion_n but_o a_o point_n or_o indivisible_a instant_n which_o tie_v the_o past_a part_n with_o those_o to_o come_v and_o to_o speak_v exact_o there_o be_v no_o part_n of_o time_n nor_o of_o motion_n which_o be_v actual_o present_a but_o how_o then_o can_v the_o sense_n know_v they_o for_o they_o can_v only_o be_v touch_v by_o what_o be_v actual_o present_a and_o there_o be_v nothing_o present_a but_o a_o instant_n which_o be_v indivisible_a can_v be_v the_o object_n of_o the_o sense_n the_o school_n answer_v this_o that_o the_o instant_n be_v not_o true_o sensible_a of_o itself_o but_o that_o it_o be_v so_o by_o accident_n and_o that_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o point_n of_o a_o line_n be_v not_o sensible_a of_o themselves_o because_o they_o be_v indivisible_a and_o be_v so_o by_o accident_n to_o wit_n because_o they_o bound_v part_n which_o be_v sensible_a of_o themselves_o the_o instant_n must_v also_o be_v sensible_a because_o it_o bind_v sensible_a part_n otherwise_o if_o they_o be_v not_o sensible_a that_o will_v be_v no_o way_n sensible_a let_v we_o then_o say_v since_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o motion_n which_o be_v actual_o present_a but_o a_o instant_n and_o that_o the_o instant_n be_v sensible_a but_o by_o the_o part_n of_o motion_n those_o part_n must_v be_v sensible_a now_o as_o they_o can_v be_v know_v but_o as_o successive_a and_o that_o as_o the_o one_o go_v before_o and_o the_o other_o follow_v after_o it_o must_v necessary_o be_v that_o the_o time_n past_a and_o the_o time_n to_o come_v must_v be_v sensible_a since_o the_o part_n of_o motion_n as_o they_o go_v before_o and_o after_o make_v these_o difference_n of_o time_n and_o because_o these_o part_n be_v not_o actual_o present_a and_o consequent_o can_v touch_v the_o exterior_a sense_n its_o necessary_a the_o imagination_n shall_v supply_v their_o defect_n and_o that_o she_o alone_o shall_v not_o only_o know_v the_o part_n of_o time_n but_o even_o that_o of_o motion_n also_o since_o motion_n be_v sensible_a and_o that_o there_o be_v nothing_o which_o may_v touch_v the_o exterior_a sense_n time_n be_v among_o sensible_a object_n but_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o i_o lose_v my_o time_n to_o use_v all_o these_o reason_n against_o m._n c._n let_v we_o therefore_o go_v no_o further_o and_o content_v ourselves_o to_o take_v he_o from_o the_o astonishment_n wherein_o he_o be_v p._n 153._o for_o that_o no_o body_n have_v place_v time_n among_o sensible_a object_n and_o that_o aristotle_n be_v not_o advise_v to_o convince_v those_o by_o sense_n who_o deny_v the_o existence_n of_o time_n for_o the_o first_o he_o must_v therefore_o remember_v that_o when_o the_o gender_n of_o thing_n be_v observe_v there_o be_v no_o need_n to_o specify_v in_o particular_a all_o what_o be_v comprehend_v under_o they_o philosophy_n have_v place_v number_n and_o motion_n among_o the_o gender_n of_o sensible_a object_n and_o consequent_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o place_v time_n in_o the_o same_o rank_n since_o it_o be_v comprehend_v in_o those_o gender_n and_o that_o in_o effect_n it_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o number_n of_o motion_n so_o that_o
whole_a and_o such_o as_o they_o be_v which_o it_o will_v not_o do_v do_v it_o form_v the_o image_n of_o accident_n only_o the_o three_o that_o the_o image_n be_v to_o serve_v for_o a_o model_n to_o the_o understanding_n to_o form_v its_o idea_n in_o some_o manner_n they_o ought_v to_o represent_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o object_n otherwise_o they_o can_v not_o attain_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o they_o because_o that_o after_o have_v separate_v all_o the_o accident_n nothing_o will_v remain_v that_o may_v make_v the_o representation_n of_o the_o substance_n the_o four_o that_o at_o last_o experience_n teach_v we_o that_o sensible_a accident_n be_v only_a mark_n and_o sign_n which_o make_v the_o imagination_n know_v those_o thing_n which_o it_o ought_v to_o fear_v or_o desire_v and_o that_o at_o the_o first_o sight_n which_o we_o may_v have_v of_o object_n we_o do_v not_o believe_v we_o see_v only_o the_o visible_a accident_n but_o even_o the_o body_n themselves_o the_o distinction_n which_o we_o make_v afterward_o of_o they_o be_v a_o effect_n of_o reason_n which_o distinguish_v what_o the_o imagination_n have_v confound_v so_o that_o we_o may_v from_o thence_o conclude_v that_o to_o speak_v proper_o the_o imagination_n be_v not_o sensible_a and_o know_v not_o the_o colour_n nor_o the_o heat_n but_o what_o be_v colour_v and_o what_o be_v hot_a and_o although_o it_o seem_v as_o if_o there_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o colour_n which_o present_v itself_o to_o the_o eye_n and_o that_o the_o heat_n only_o strike_v the_o sense_n yet_o when_o the_o imagination_n thereupon_o come_v to_o form_v its_o fantasme_n it_o mix_v the_o image_n of_o those_o quality_n with_o that_o of_o the_o body_n and_o confound_v the_o accident_n with_o the_o subject_a because_o it_o can_v operate_v only_o conformable_a to_o its_o nature_n which_o be_v compose_v and_o to_o its_o end_n which_o be_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o sensible_a body_n and_o therefore_o the_o phantasm_n it_o produce_v must_v be_v in_o some_o manner_n compose_v as_o it_o be_v and_o as_o the_o sensible_a body_n also_o be_v these_o be_v the_o reason_n which_o have_v make_v we_o believe_v that_o the_o imagination_n itself_o form_v its_o image_n that_o it_o form_n they_o on_o the_o sensible_a species_n which_o the_o object_n conuâ—igh_v through_o the_o organ_n of_o the_o sense_n that_o in_o form_v they_o it_o know_v the_o thing_n it_o represent_v and_o last_o of_o all_o that_o no_o create_a nature_n can_v know_v otherwise_o then_o by_o produce_v in_o itself_o the_o image_n of_o the_o thing_n which_o come_v to_o its_o knowledge_n but_o as_o to_o what_o may_v be_v say_v knowledge_n the_o image_n which_o be_v in_o the_o memory_n do_v not_o make_v knowledge_n that_o knowledge_n consist_v not_o in_o this_o production_n of_o image_n since_o we_o know_v those_o thing_n which_o have_v preserve_v themselves_o in_o our_o memory_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a that_o the_o soul_n shall_v form_v those_o image_n since_o she_o find_v they_o already_o form_v we_o do_v answer_v that_o although_o the_o image_n of_o a_o object_n be_v in_o the_o memory_n yet_o it_o therefore_o make_v not_o knowledge_n because_o the_o imagination_n know_v it_o not_o if_o it_o operate_v not_o on_o it_o now_o it_o have_v no_o other_o operation_n but_o the_o representation_n which_o be_v the_o production_n of_o the_o image_n and_o therefore_o although_o the_o image_n of_o that_o object_n be_v in_o the_o memory_n the_o soul_n can_v have_v no_o knowledge_n of_o it_o unless_o she_o form_v another_o in_o herself_o and_o as_o often_o as_o she_o will_v know_v it_o so_o often_o must_v she_o make_v new_a figure_n which_o must_v be_v as_o new_a colour_n lay_v upon_o her_o first_o design_n we_o must_v not_o also_o stick_v at_o the_o inconvenience_n which_o may_v happen_v from_o the_o mutiplicity_n of_o image_n which_o the_o soul_n may_v form_v of_o the_o same_o thing_n for_o as_o much_o as_o even_o as_o the_o two_o image_n which_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o two_o eye_n or_o by_o the_o two_o ear_n confound_v themselves_o in_o one_o and_o represent_v but_o one_o only_a object_n so_o also_o the_o phantasm_n which_o the_o soul_n form_n of_o the_o same_o thing_n unite_v themselves_o in_o one_o only_a and_o the_o multiplicity_n seem_v but_o to_o render_v it_o the_o more_o express_a and_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n for_o which_o the_o memory_n for_o 〈◊〉_d itself_o by_o repetition_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o image_n it_o keep_v be_v refresh_v and_o renew_v by_o those_o which_o the_o soul_n add_v a_o fresh_a and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v touch_v again_o with_o new_a touch_n and_o new_a colour_n it_o yet_o they_o be_v serviceable_a to_o it_o now_o although_o the_o image_n which_o be_v in_o the_o memory_n make_v not_o knowledge_n yet_o be_v they_o not_o unprofitable_a unto_o it_o for_o that_o they_o seem_v to_o reproduce_v it_o another_o time_n for_o as_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o beast_n to_o remember_v past_a thing_n that_o they_o may_v provide_v for_o their_o preservation_n its_o fit_a there_o shall_v remain_v in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o exterior_a object_n something_o which_o may_v bring_v they_o to_o the_o fight_n of_o the_o soul_n again_o which_o may_v supply_v the_o defect_n of_o exterior_a species_n and_o which_o by_o consequence_n may_v seem_v to_o the_o same_o use_n whereto_o they_o be_v employ_v that_o as_o these_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o example_n on_o which_o the_o soul_n form_v its_o phantasm_n that_o it_o may_v know_v thing_n so_o those_o phantasm_n which_o remain_v after_o in_o operation_n may_v serve_v it_o for_o new_a model_n wereon_o she_o make_v new_a representation_n and_o new_a knowledge_n from_o all_o these_o thing_n thus_o establish_v we_o have_v reduce_v this_o other_o consequence_n that_o since_o the_o imagination_n be_v of_o the_o rank_n of_o material_a thing_n its_o incapable_a to_o form_v any_o universal_a notion_n for_o as_o much_o as_o what_o be_v material_a be_v determinate_a and_o singular_a and_o because_o its_o object_n be_v the_o sensible_a body_n and_o that_o the_o image_n it_o form_n to_o itself_o confound_v the_o accident_n with_o the_o matter_n it_o can_v make_v such_o pure_a abstraction_n as_o the_o understanding_n do_v nor_o separate_v accident_n from_o their_o subject_n it_o may_v very_o well_o make_v some_o of_o those_o abstraction_n which_o we_o call_v negative_n whereby_o we_o stop_v to_o consider_v one_o accident_n of_o a_o thing_n without_o mind_v other_o for_o it_o may_v conceive_v and_o judge_v that_o a_o thing_n be_v sweet_a without_o think_v its_o hot_a because_o this_o kind_n of_o abstraction_n destroy_v not_o its_o object_n as_o the_o other_o do_v which_o quite_o separate_v the_o accident_n and_o the_o form_n of_o the_o matter_n so_o that_o we_o may_v say_v that_o the_o understanding_n do_v in_o these_o encounter_n like_o the_o mathematician_n who_o assemble_v all_o the_o simple_a figure_n but_o the_o imagination_n imitate_v the_o architect_n who_o assemble_v not_o the_o figure_n but_o the_o stone_n of_o such_o a_o figure_n for_o it_o know_v neither_o the_o colour_n nor_o the_o heat_n but_o it_o know_v what_o be_v colour_v and_o what_o be_v hot_a and_o when_o it_o judge_v that_o a_o thing_n be_v good_a it_o be_v as_o much_o as_o if_o we_o have_v say_v it_o unite_v such_o a_o thing_n with_o such_o a_o good_a thing_n for_o that_o it_o can_v form_v no_o image_n which_o be_v not_o compose_v and_o that_o in_o assemble_v one_o image_n with_o another_o it_o must_v unite_v two_o compose_a one_o together_o these_o be_v the_o principal_a point_n which_o we_o have_v employ_v in_o the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o treatise_n of_o the_o knowledge_n of_o beast_n now_o let_v we_o see_v what_o m._n c._n have_v oppose_v against_o they_o chap._n i._o that_o the_o pefection_n of_o thing_n be_v begin_v in_o those_o which_o be_v inferior_a to_o they_o book_n p._n 41._o of_o m._n c_n book_n first_o he_o condemn_v the_o order_n which_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o nature_n and_o will_v not_o have_v the_o perfection_n which_o be_v find_v in_o the_o most_o noble_a to_o begin_v by_o those_o which_o be_v inferior_a to_o it_o in_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v subordinate_a the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o in_o his_o first_o assault_n the_o spirit_n that_o move_v he_o may_v be_v discern_v and_o the_o design_n he_o have_v to_o spare_v nothing_o when_o he_o shall_v meet_v the_o occasion_n since_o he_o trouble_v himself_o to_o destroy_v a_o thing_n which_o can_v hurt_v he_o and_o whereof_o i_o pretend_v to_o take_v no_o advantage_n and_o that_o he_o therein_o imitate_v those_o passionate_a enemy_n who_o beat_v down_o the_o ornament_n of_o the_o town_n they_o besiege_v although_o they_o can_v do_v they_o no_o hurt_n nor_o serve_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o besiege_a
be_v not_o call_v neither_o be_v he_o more_o considerable_a than_o a_o infinite_a many_o who_o be_v as_o much_o interest_v in_o the_o question_n as_o himself_o but_o we_o treat_v not_o here_o of_o form_n the_o ground_n must_v be_v examine_v and_o we_o must_v see_v what_o other_o action_n beside_o what_o we_o have_v observe_v may_v intervene_v to_o form_v knowledge_n for_o it_o be_v true_a other_o as_o well_o as_o m._n c._n have_v thought_n that_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o know_v thing_n for_o the_o faculty_n to_o receive_v the_o image_n that_o beside_o that_o it_o ought_v to_o perceive_v to_o consider_v and_o to_o comprehend_v but_o those_o who_o will_v well_o consider_v these_o term_n will_v find_v they_o leave_v the_o thing_n as_o doubtful_a as_o at_o first_o for_o a_o man_n may_v ask_v what_o it_o be_v to_o perceive_v consider_v or_o comprehend_v image_n what_o the_o soul_n do_v in_o consider_v they_o in_o comprehend_v they_o in_o perceive_v they_o be_v it_o that_o she_o apply_v and_o unite_v herself_o to_o they_o beside_o the_o application_n be_v no_o principal_a action_n and_o be_v but_o a_o condition_n to_o act_v there_o be_v no_o action_n appear_v therein_o which_o answer_v the_o nobility_n of_o so_o high_a a_o faculty_n be_v it_o not_o that_o she_o enlighten_v and_o illuminate_v they_o these_o be_v the_o metaphorical_a term_n which_o do_v not_o clear_o express_v thing_n and_o all_o those_o brightness_n and_o light_n produce_v nothing_o in_o these_o matter_n but_o obscurity_n not_o therefore_o to_o stick_v at_o the_o vain_a and_o unprofitable_a manner_n of_o speak_v and_o without_o be_v concern_v in_o m.cs._n quality_n who_o make_v profession_n to_o destroy_v all_o and_o to_o establish_v nothing_o let_v we_o conclude_v that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o mean_n to_o know_v but_o to_o form_v image_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o action_n that_o can_v furnish_v we_o with_o the_o know_a faculty_n porportionable_a to_o the_o excellency_n of_o its_o nature_n as_o that_o be_v since_o by_o that_o mean_n it_o in_o some_o manner_n make_v the_o object_n it_o know_v that_o it_o transform_v itself_o into_o they_o and_o as_o aristotle_n say_v that_o it_o make_v itself_o all_o thing_n m._n c._n oppose_v to_o these_o truth_n that_o the_o sense_n know_v their_o object_n without_o form_v any_o image_n of_o they_o have_v no_o other_o but_o those_o which_o they_o receive_v from_o they_o but_o this_o objection_n be_v accompany_v with_o no_o proof_n destroy_v not_o our_o proposition_n as_o we_o believe_v that_o the_o sensitive_a soul_n know_v in_o form_v its_o image_n we_o hold_v also_o and_o everywhere_o where_o she_o know_v she_o do_v the_o same_o thing_n and_o therefore_o when_o she_o know_v in_o the_o organ_n of_o the_o sense_n she_o form_n in_o herself_o the_o picture_n of_o the_o thing_n the_o species_n of_o which_o she_o have_v receive_v so_o that_o when_o she_o be_v divert_v elsewhere_o and_o that_o she_o can_v make_v this_o production_n she_o know_v nothing_o of_o all_o their_o object_n although_o they_o have_v perfect_o receive_v the_o image_n thereof_o but_o we_o will_v hereafter_o re-touch_a this_o subject_n the_o sensible_a species_n enter_v not_o the_o memory_n let_v we_o see_v whether_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o sensible_a species_n enter_v the_o memory_n and_o whether_o they_o may_v preserve_v themselves_o there_o as_o without_o prove_v it_o m_n c._n assure_v we_o all_o those_o who_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o visible_a species_n have_v say_v that_o they_o have_v no_o permanent_a be_v be_v in_o a_o continual_a flux_n that_o their_o preservation_n depend_v on_o a_o continual_a influence_n of_o the_o cause_n which_o produce_v they_o and_o that_o it_o communicate_v itself_o but_o in_o right_a line_n if_o this_o be_v so_o as_o experience_n hinder_v we_o from_o doubt_v i_o will_v willing_o ask_v how_o those_o species_n which_o enter_v the_o eye_n may_v be_v convey_v into_o the_o memory_n and_o if_o this_o faculty_n be_v place_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o brain_n as_o all_o the_o world_n believe_v what_o course_n can_v they_o hold_v to_o go_v straight_o thither_o so_o many_o turn_n and_o obstacle_n be_v to_o be_v meet_v withal_o in_o the_o nerve_n and_o in_o those_o other_o channel_n through_o which_o they_o be_v to_o pass_v for_o it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o oppose_v unto_o we_o that_o they_o render_v themselves_o there_o by_o the_o several_a reflection_n they_o make_v since_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o nerve_n and_o of_o the_o humour_n be_v too_o gross_a to_o give_v they_o a_o passage_n and_o that_o the_o reflection_n so_o many_o time_n double_v weaken_v the_o image_n and_o represent_v the_o object_n but_o confuse_o but_o if_o they_o can_v arrive_v at_o the_o memory_n can_v they_o subsist_v there_o since_o they_o have_v no_o permanent_a be_v this_o without_o doubt_n can_v be_v conceive_v without_o contradiction_n for_o if_o it_o be_v their_o nature_n to_o be_v in_o a_o continual_a flux_n they_o can_v never_o be_v fix_v and_o permanent_a no_o more_o than_o the_o motion_n and_o it_o be_v the_o reason_n they_o of_o themselves_o vanish_v as_o soon_o as_o the_o object_n disappear_v forasmuch_o as_o lose_v themselves_o in_o the_o same_o instant_n that_o they_o be_v produce_v they_o have_v need_n be_v renew_v from_o one_o moment_n to_o another_o and_o if_o the_o cause_n which_o produce_v they_o absent_v itself_o it_o can_v make_v no_o more_o of_o they_o if_o it_o be_v then_o true_a that_o the_o memory_n may_v preserve_v they_o in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o object_n it_o must_v supply_v their_o defect_n and_o it_o must_v with_o they_o have_v the_o virtue_n to_o produce_v they_o incessant_o now_o if_o she_o have_v that_o virtue_n she_o may_v form_v they_o all_o alone_a without_o help_n of_o the_o object_n it_o will_v not_o be_v needful_a to_o have_v see_v colour_n to_o remember_v they_o and_o blind_a man_n may_v judge_v of_o they_o as_o well_o as_o the_o clearer-sighted_n on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o the_o visible_a species_n be_v nothing_o but_o the_o ray_n of_o colour_n which_o to_o speak_v proper_o be_v but_o weaken_v and_o diminish_v light_n as_o we_o have_v show_v elsewhere_o the_o memory_n to_o produce_v these_o species_n must_v have_v interior_a colour_n and_o be_v true_o colour_v as_o well_o as_o the_o object_n which_o produce_v they_o m._n c._n have_v too_o clear_a a_o spirit_n not_o to_o have_v see_v these_o impossibility_n but_o he_o have_v choose_v to_o dissemble_v they_o that_o he_o may_v have_v the_o more_o ample_a matter_n of_o contest_v and_o not_o be_v oblige_v to_o conclude_v with_o i_o that_o since_o the_o image_n of_o object_n which_o the_o sense_n have_v perceive_v be_v preserve_v in_o the_o memory_n they_o must_v be_v different_a from_o those_o which_o the_o object_n send_v thither_o and_o that_o otherwise_o they_o will_v not_o be_v proportionable_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o soul_n the_o image_n which_o the_o imagination_n form_n be_v different_a from_o those_o which_o pass_v from_o the_o object_n as_o those_o be_v of_o the_o understanding_n on_o what_o i_o have_v say_v that_o the_o imagination_n ought_v to_o form_v different_a image_n from_o those_o which_o come_v from_o without_o since_o the_o understanding_n form_v those_o which_o be_v different_a from_o those_o wherewith_o the_o imagination_n and_o the_o sense_n furnish_v it_o m._n c._n answer_n that_o i_o prove_v not_o this_o consequence_n and_o that_o i_o can_v say_v nothing_o which_o hinder_v he_o from_o deny_v it_o for_o my_o part_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o he_o may_v deny_v whatever_o i_o may_v produce_v which_o be_v most_o certain_a and_o most_o evident_a after_o have_v protest_v that_o he_o will_v stick_v to_o the_o negative_a if_o he_o act_v otherwise_o he_o will_v betray_v his_o cause_n and_o give_v himself_o the_o lie_n however_o it_o be_v any_o man_n but_o he_o without_o any_o doubt_n will_v find_v this_o consequence_n good_a the_o understanding_n to_o know_v form_n image_n according_a to_o its_o nature_n whence_o the_o imagination_n to_o know_v ought_v also_o to_o form_v image_n conformable_a to_o its_o nature_n for_o since_o these_o two_o faculty_n have_v that_o in_o common_a that_o they_o know_v they_o must_v needs_o also_o have_v some_o action_n which_o must_v be_v common_a unto_o they_o to_o form_v knowledge_n now_o it_o be_v certain_a the_o understanding_n form_v its_o image_n because_o they_o be_v spiritual_a and_o that_o the_o understanding_n only_o can_v produce_v they_o the_o imagination_n must_v also_o produce_v she_o since_o there_o be_v no_o action_n which_o can_v be_v common_a to_o these_o two_o faculty_n unless_o it_o be_v the_o production_n of_o image_n m._n c._n add_v that_o it_o will_v from_o thence_o follow_v that_o the_o imagination_n ought_v to_o make_v universal_a and_o spiritual_a conception_n
since_o the_o understanding_n make_v they_o but_o i_o shall_v desire_v he_o to_o tell_v i_o whether_o he_o of_o a_o truth_n believe_v this_o consequence_n which_o he_o draw_v from_o thence_o to_o be_v good_a the_o understanding_n form_n image_n therefore_o the_o imagination_n form_v spiritual_a image_n for_o i_o do_v not_o say_v the_o understanding_n form_v spiritual_a image_n but_o i_o show_v that_o it_o form_n its_o image_n because_o they_o be_v spiritual_a this_o be_v call_v in_o the_o school_n to_o argue_v from_o thing_n call_v simple_o to_o those_o which_o be_v conditional_a or_o from_o those_o which_o be_v divide_v to_o those_o which_o be_v conjoin_v but_o let_v we_o to_o another_o subject_n which_o perhaps_o may_v be_v more_o for_o his_o advantage_n chap._n iii_o the_o imagination_n represent_v not_o only_o the_o accident_n but_o also_o their_o subject_n have_v a_o design_n to_o show_v that_o the_o imagination_n form_v not_o the_o accident_n only_o but_o she_o make_v somewhat_o of_o their_o subject_n also_o enter_v and_o that_o its_o phantasm_n be_v not_o a_o representation_n by_o the_o example_n of_o colour_n but_o of_o what_o be_v colour_v nor_o of_o heat_n but_o of_o what_o be_v hot_a in_o a_o word_n that_o all_o sensible_a accident_n be_v therein_o represent_v per_fw-la modum_fw-la concreti_fw-la as_o they_o speak_v in_o the_o school_n the_o first_o reason_n which_o i_o bring_v be_v that_o the_o imagination_n be_v a_o power_n bury_v in_o the_o matter_n which_o ought_v to_o have_v a_o object_n of_o the_o same_o gender_n and_o a_o action_n which_o terminate_v itself_o in_o something_o which_o in_o some_o manner_n be_v compose_v as_o that_o be_v m._n c._n find_v this_o reason_n very_o strange_a and_o answer_n that_o the_o imagination_n be_v no_o more_o bury_v in_o the_o matter_n than_o the_o accident_n which_o we_o give_v for_o its_o object_n and_o that_o they_o be_v as_o compose_v as_o she_o be_v but_o if_o he_o speak_v this_o in_o earnest_n we_o be_v both_o agree_v and_o he_o must_v with_o i_o confess_v that_o the_o imagination_n be_v a_o faculty_n in_o the_o matter_n the_o colour_n which_o be_v represent_v be_v also_o a_o quality_n in_o the_o matter_n and_o i_o will_v have_v nothing_o else_o but_o that_o what_o be_v hot_a which_o be_v a_o heat_n in_o the_o matter_n be_v represent_v by_o the_o imagination_n and_o not_o the_o heat_n by_o itself_o yet_o it_o do_v not_o seem_v it_o be_v at_o that_o point_n he_o mean_v to_o stick_v for_o he_o oppose_v against_o we_o that_o a_o man_n can_v give_v the_o imagination_n a_o object_n which_o be_v of_o the_o same_o gender_n nor_o which_o be_v compose_v as_o she_o be_v unless_o it_o be_v a_o pure_a accident_n since_o the_o imagination_n be_v a_o faculty_n and_o that_o the_o faculty_n be_v a_o pure_a accident_n as_o we_o have_v say_v in_o the_o discourse_n of_o instinct_n pag._n 9_o this_o objection_n be_v captious_a and_o i_o make_v a_o appeal_n here_o to_o m.c._n his_o sincerity_n to_o know_v whether_o it_o be_v allow_v in_o good_a logic_n to_o change_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o term_n of_o which_o we_o be_v agree_v the_o question_n here_o be_v concern_v physical_a accident_n which_o can_v be_v separate_v from_o the_o matter_n and_o he_o give_v we_o the_o change_n in_o metaphysical_a accident_n which_o subsist_v only_o in_o the_o understanding_n it_o be_v true_a that_o when_o we_o examine_v what_o the_o essential_a difference_n of_o man_n be_v we_o say_v that_o the_o faculty_n of_o reason_v can_v not_o be_v it_o because_o it_o be_v a_o pure_a accident_n and_o that_o the_o difference_n of_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v a_o substance_n now_o he_o can_v disavow_v but_o that_o the_o search_n of_o essential_a difference_n be_v from_o the_o secure_n of_o the_o metaphysic_n and_o that_o the_o faculty_n ought_v to_o be_v no_o otherwise_o consider_v but_o in_o physic_n so_o that_o he_o unprofitable_o labour_v to_o ruin_v what_o we_o have_v now_o establish_v for_o what_o we_o say_v in_o that_o place_n we_o consider_v here_o the_o imagination_n as_o a_o faculty_n which_o operate_v now_o it_o can_v operate_v without_o matter_n which_o serve_v for_o its_o organ_n it_o can_v therefore_o be_v conceive_v but_o in_o the_o matter_n and_o by_o consequence_n it_o must_v have_v a_o object_n which_o must_v be_v material_a and_o a_o action_n which_o terminate_v at_o something_o which_o must_v be_v as_o that_o be_v compose_v but_o what_o say_v he_o the_o imagination_n be_v no_o more_o material_a than_o the_o external_a sense_n which_o nevertheless_o know_v the_o accident_n only_o i_o can_v hereupon_o answer_v he_o that_o he_o suppose_v what_o be_v in_o question_n for_o in_o no_o part_n of_o his_o work_n have_v he_o prove_v that_o the_o external_a sense_n know_v accident_n only_o but_o as_o it_o be_v not_o his_o mind_n to_o establish_v any_o thing_n i_o shall_v content_v myself_o to_o demand_v of_o he_o whether_o by_o the_o external_a sense_n he_o mean_v the_o organ_n of_o the_o sense_n or_o the_o faculty_n which_o be_v in_o those_o organ_n for_o if_o they_o be_v only_o the_o organ_n the_o external_a sense_n do_v not_o know_v if_o it_o be_v the_o sensitive_a faculty_n it_o must_v operate_v and_o consequent_o form_v its_o image_n now_o this_o image_n represent_v somewhat_o beside_o the_o accident_n as_o we_o pretend_v to_o have_v show_v the_o imagination_n represent_v thing_n all_o entire_a the_o second_o reason_n i_o bring_v in_o confirmation_n of_o this_o truth_n be_v ground_v on_o that_o fair_a observation_n which_o some_o have_v make_v on_o the_o same_o subject_n i_o now_o treat_v to_o wit_n that_o there_o be_v two_o order_n of_o thing_n in_o the_o universe_n the_o one_o of_o which_o in_o the_o first_o intention_n of_o nature_n be_v make_v to_o be_v absolute_a the_o other_o be_v destine_v to_o represent_v they_o in_o this_o latter_a order_n be_v the_o know_a faculty_n for_o they_o have_v no_o other_o virtue_n but_o to_o know_v and_o can_v know_v but_o by_o represent_v the_o thing_n it_o be_v what_o aristotle_n say_v speak_v of_o the_o understanding_n that_o it_o have_v no_o other_o nature_n but_o that_o of_o be_v potential_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v to_o be_v able_a to_o make_v and_o to_o be_v make_v all_o thing_n wherein_o the_o representation_n consist_v hence_o we_o conclude_v that_o if_o these_o faculty_n be_v destine_v to_o represent_v thing_n they_o must_v represent_v they_o all_o entire_a and_o such_o as_o they_o be_v otherwise_o it_o be_v not_o to_o represent_v they_o even_o as_o a_o man_n will_v never_o say_v that_o a_o painter_n have_v make_v the_o picture_n of_o a_o man_n have_v he_o paint_v only_o the_o eye_n or_o the_o mouth_n in_o effect_n as_o the_o member_n of_o this_o division_n relate_v the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o since_o the_o first_o compeehend_v all_o what_o be_v absolute_o the_o other_o must_v have_v the_o same_o extent_n so_o that_o the_o know_a faculty_n represent_v all_o thing_n which_o be_v absolute_a now_o thus_o to_o represent_v they_o be_v to_o represent_v they_o all_o entire_a so_o the_o imagination_n which_o be_v destine_v to_o know_v sensible_a and_o corporeal_a thing_n aught_o to_o represent_v they_o such_o as_o they_o be_v that_o be_v to_o say_v as_o sensible_a and_o corporeal_a and_o because_o they_o be_v not_o corporeal_a without_o matter_n it_o necessary_o aught_o to_o represent_v they_o to_o its_o self_n with_o its_o matter_n and_o consequent_o the_o image_n it_o make_v represent_v not_o only_o the_o accident_n but_o even_o the_o subject_n which_o sustain_v they_o it_o be_v true_a that_o its_o representation_n be_v not_o exact_a that_o it_o distinguish_v not_o the_o subject_n from_o the_o accident_n and_o that_o it_o represent_v they_o but_o confuse_o but_o it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o say_v it_o know_v it_o and_o the_o order_n which_o nature_n hold_v in_o all_o thing_n will_v that_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o imagination_n shall_v not_o be_v the_o most_o perfect_a and_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v but_o the_o beginning_n and_o as_o it_o be_v the_o first_o essay_n to_o attain_v the_o perfection_n of_o that_o which_o the_o understanding_n be_v to_o form_n m._n c._n employ_v several_a answer_n to_o invalidate_v the_o force_n of_o raciocination_n and_o although_o at_o first_o he_o seem_v only_o to_o sport_n and_o divert_v himself_o yet_o that_o he_o may_v not_o be_v reproach_v not_o to_o have_v be_v serious_a enough_o in_o so_o important_a a_o matter_n i_o shall_v treat_v with_o he_o as_o if_o he_o have_v believe_v of_o a_o truth_n that_o if_o the_o imagination_n be_v the_o representative_a of_o thing_n aught_o to_o represent_v they_o all_o entire_a it_o follow_v that_o the_o picture_n which_o be_v also_o the_o representative_a of_o thing_n aught_o to_o represent_v they_o all_o entire_a and_o
the_o imagination_n confound_v they_o and_o conceive_v the_o one_o with_o the_o other_o and_o if_o they_o come_v afterward_o to_o distinguish_v they_o it_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o their_o reason_n which_o separate_v what_o the_o imagination_n have_v confound_v but_o m._n c._n can_v comprehend_v that_o reason_n separate_v what_o the_o imagination_n have_v confound_v for_o say_v he_o if_o the_o imagination_n form_v a_o idea_n of_o a_o different_a substance_n from_o that_o of_o the_o accident_n it_o must_v distinguish_v they_o and_o i_o can_v also_o apprehend_v why_o he_o bring_v a_o proposition_n for_o a_o proof_n which_o be_v contrary_a both_o to_o his_o sense_n and_o to_o i_o for_o he_o believe_v not_o that_o the_o imagination_n can_v form_v a_o idea_n of_o substance_n different_a from_o that_o of_o the_o accident_n unless_o he_o will_v destroy_v all_o what_o he_o have_v propose_v and_o for_o my_o part_n i_o be_o so_o far_o from_o have_v have_v this_o thought_n that_o i_o ever_o say_v that_o the_o imagination_n represent_v the_o accident_n and_o the_o substance_n confuse_o and_o therefore_o without_o any_o distinction_n i_o confess_v that_o this_o representation_n be_v make_v on_o the_o model_n of_o the_o sensible_a species_n which_o represent_v but_o the_o accident_n only_o but_o the_o sensitive_a faculty_n make_v none_o of_o this_o distinction_n because_o it_o can_v make_v it_o without_o know_v and_o that_o it_o can_v know_v without_o form_v its_o phantasm_n now_o the_o phantasm_n ought_v necessary_o to_o represent_v the_o accident_n in_o concrete_a that_o be_v to_o say_v with_o the_o substance_n as_o we_o have_v already_o prove_v and_o that_o therefore_o it_o can_v distinguish_v the_o substance_n from_o the_o accident_n for_o the_o rest_n the_o more_o easy_o to_o conceive_v this_o manner_n of_o operate_a from_o which_o the_o imagination_n can_v dispense_v itself_o we_o must_v consider_v the_o art_n of_o cast_v of_o statue_n for_o although_o the_o mould_n in_o which_o they_o be_v make_v be_v hollow_a and_o that_o it_o can_v only_o give_v that_o figure_n which_o be_v imprint_v on_o it_o nevertheless_o the_o statue_n forbear_v not_o to_o come_v out_o massy_a and_o on_o a_o empty_a pattern_n which_o have_v but_o the_o superficies_n the_o founder_n make_v a_o solid_a and_o flat_a work_n the_o imagination_n do_v the_o same_o since_o the_o sensible_a species_n which_o bear_v the_o image_n of_o the_o accident_n only_o it_o so_o form_n its_o phantasm_n that_o with_o those_o accident_n it_o comprehend_v the_o main_a and_o body_n it_o sustain_v to_o return_v to_o m_o c._n the_o hypothesis_n whereupon_o he_o ground_n his_o conclusion_n be_v imaginary_a and_o he_o can_v save_v himself_o from_o the_o reproach_n which_o may_v be_v lay_v to_o he_o to_o have_v impose_v on_o i_o thing_n i_o never_o say_v or_o to_o have_v form_v to_o himself_o chimera_n to_o fight_v withal_o in_o pursuit_n he_o demand_v how_o according_a to_o my_o principle_n the_o understanding_n can_v make_v this_o distinction_n since_o the_o phantasm_n represent_v not_o the_o ground_n thereof_o and_o that_o after_o have_v separate_v what_o be_v confound_v nothing_o remain_v to_o make_v he_o know_v the_o distinction_n it_o be_v easy_a for_o i_o to_o answer_v he_o that_o the_o phantasm_n represent_v to_o the_o understanding_n the_o ground_n of_o this_o distinction_n since_o it_o represent_v two_o confuse_a thing_n which_o may_v be_v separate_a and_o that_o after_o it_o have_v separate_v what_o be_v confuse_v the_o separate_a thing_n which_o remain_v make_v it_o know_v the_o distinction_n for_o the_o separation_n do_v not_o real_o differ_v from_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v separate_v no_o more_o than_o the_o motion_n from_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v move_v but_o to_o cut_v off_o these_o vain_a subtlety_n which_o be_v destroy_v by_o themselves_o if_o we_o will_v have_v the_o term_n they_o be_v conceive_v by_o we_o in_o one_o word_n say_v that_o this_o distinction_n be_v rank_a of_o those_o thing_n which_o we_o have_v show_v in_o the_o may_v be_v know_v by_o the_o understanding_n without_o be_v represent_v in_o the_o phantasm_n for_o whether_o it_o be_v prove_v for_o the_o action_n itself_o it_o do_v or_o for_o a_o general_a notion_n it_o form_n on_o that_o action_n it_o be_v certain_a it_o can_v have_v no_o direct_a knowledge_n of_o it_o and_o that_o it_o must_v reflect_v and_o reply_v on_o itself_o to_o know_v it_o these_o be_v the_o chief_a observation_n which_o m._n c._n have_v make_v against_o the_o first_o part_n of_o my_o work_n part._n observation_n on_o the_o censure_n of_o the_o first_o part._n and_o which_o he_o have_v place_v at_o the_o end_n of_o his_o book_n to_o crown_v his_o labour_n and_o only_o that_o he_o may_v have_v cause_n to_o tell_v i_o that_o he_o have_v examine_v all_o my_o reason_n but_o although_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o all_o his_o work_n direct_o opposite_a to_o i_o have_v even_o seek_v to_o finish_v where_o he_o begin_v the_o whole_a be_v to_o know_v whether_o he_o have_v succeed_v well_o or_o no_o and_o whether_o he_o have_v reason_n to_o believe_v that_o his_o sixteenth_o chapter_n shall_v dispense_v he_o from_o stop_v at_o those_o thing_n which_o i_o have_v here_o treat_v for_o nigh_o own_o part_n after_o have_v see_v the_o title_n of_o his_o book_n which_o promise_v to_o speak_v of_o the_o knowledge_n of_o animal_n i_o think_v in_o some_o place_n he_o ought_v to_o have_v explicate_v what_o knowledge_n be_v and_o how_o it_o be_v to_o be_v make_v and_o since_o he_o will_v not_o have_v they_o make_v proposition_n nor_o discourse_n that_o at_o least_o he_o will_v satisfy_v these_o premise_n which_o oblige_v he_o to_o show_v how_o they_o know_v thing_n that_o be_v to_o say_v how_o how_o that_o simple_a conception_n be_v make_v which_o he_o and_o all_o the_o world_n allow_v they_o nevertheless_o there_o be_v no_o one_o word_n of_o all_o that_o in_o his_o whole_a work_n and_o that_o sixteenth_o chapter_n which_o shall_v have_v dispense_v he_o from_o examine_v what_o i_o have_v say_v thereupon_o speak_v of_o nothing_o less_o than_o of_o that_o first_o knowledge_n and_o treat_v only_o of_o ratiocination_n we_o must_v needs_o afterward_o say_v that_o passion_n have_v altogether_o blind_v he_o and_o take_v from_o he_o the_o sight_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o he_o ought_v most_o careful_o to_o have_v examine_v for_o this_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o all_o what_o both_o of_o we_o have_v to_o say_v since_o both_o of_o we_o have_v a_o design_n to_o speak_v of_o the_o knowledge_n of_o beast_n and_o if_o i_o have_v well_o prove_v that_o they_o know_v thing_n by_o form_v of_o their_o image_n i_o have_v a_o great_a prejudge_v to_o conclude_v that_o they_o may_v both_o judge_v and_o reason_n since_o judgement_n and_o discourse_n be_v make_v by_o the_o union_n of_o image_n which_o be_v not_o so_o difficult_a to_o make_v as_o their_o production_n and_o if_o on_o the_o other_o side_n he_o have_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o first_o knowledge_n be_v not_o form_v after_o that_o manner_n he_o without_o doubt_n have_v much_o shake_v all_o the_o body_n of_o his_o proof_n and_o he_o will_v have_v vaunt_a to_o have_v overthrow_v one_o of_o the_o strong_a arch_n battery_n of_o my_o work_n however_o it_o be_v if_o he_o have_v have_v the_o true_a spirit_n of_o philosophy_n instead_o of_o seek_v that_o little_a vanity_n which_o he_o have_v of_o say_v that_o there_o be_v none_o of_o my_o reason_n which_o he_o have_v not_o examine_v and_o to_o speak_v in_o his_o sense_n which_o he_o have_v not_o justle_v and_o combat_v be_v shall_v have_v help_v i_o exact_o to_o have_v acknowledge_v those_o truth_n of_o which_o i_o have_v make_v the_o first_o discovery_n he_o shall_v in_o earnest_n have_v approve_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v conformable_a to_o reason_n and_o have_v add_v afterward_o his_o own_o light_n which_o may_v have_v make_v i_o see_v what_o i_o do_v not_o perceive_v final_o he_o shall_v with_o some_o restraint_n have_v come_v to_o the_o censure_n of_o my_o proposition_n which_o be_v so_o glorious_a to_o the_o sovereign_a matter_n of_o the_o universe_n and_o which_o be_v more_o capable_a of_o put_v into_o spirit_n the_o admiration_n of_o his_o bounty_n and_o of_o his_o magnificence_n then_o any_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v in_o nature_n for_o if_o the_o soul_n can_v produce_v the_o image_n of_o thing_n and_o that_o it_o have_v no_o other_o mean_n to_o know_v they_o but_o that_o who_o will_v not_o admire_v the_o wonderful_a fecundity_n which_o god_n have_v give_v it_o since_o as_o many_o time_n as_o it_o know_v as_o many_o time_n at_o it_o remember_v the_o thing_n it_o have_v know_v it_o must_v as_o many_o time_n produce_v those_o image_n and_o consequent_o make_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o they_o without_o be_v
the_o imagination_n may_v add_v image_n to_o those_o of_o its_o object_n all_o what_o m.c._n produce_v to_o destroy_v this_o truth_n be_v that_o a_o material_a faculty_n can_v add_v any_o thing_n to_o its_o object_n that_o the_o verb_n est_fw-fr be_v not_o among_o the_o species_n which_o come_v from_o without_o and_o that_o to_o mix_v it_o with_o the_o term_n it_o mark_v a_o double_n in_o the_o knowledge_n and_o somewhat_o which_o come_v very_o near_a reflection_n for_o my_o part_n i_o conceive_v not_o the_o sense_n he_o give_v the_o last_o word_n for_o according_a to_o the_o common_a way_n of_o speak_v a_o double_v in_o the_o knowledge_n be_v a_o reflection_n neither_o can_v i_o apprehend_v how_o a_o reflection_n come_v very_o near_o a_o reflection_n since_o it_o must_v be_v a_o reflection_n which_o be_v not_o a_o reflection_n but_o i_o shall_v have_v too_o much_o to_o do_v shall_v i_o stick_v at_o the_o way_n of_o speech_n which_o he_o use_v let_v we_o only_o say_v that_o the_o word_n thing_n which_o he_o use_v have_v too_o float_v a_o signification_n to_o induce_v we_o to_o what_o he_o pretend_v it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o imagination_n can_v add_v any_o thing_n to_o its_o object_n if_o by_o that_o word_n we_o understand_v any_o nature_n but_o it_o may_v add_v condition_n and_o modification_n thereunto_o union_n be_v not_o a_o absolute_a nature_n it_o be_v but_o a_o modification_n which_o be_v not_o real_o different_a from_o those_o thing_n which_o unite_v themselves_o and_o this_o surpass_v not_o the_o force_n of_o the_o imagination_n no_o more_o than_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o action_n it_o do_v for_o union_n be_v the_o action_n of_o the_o imagination_n as_o well_o as_o the_o first_o conception_n and_o if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o union_n be_v above_o its_o power_n because_o it_o be_v not_o comprehend_v in_o those_o species_n which_o come_v from_o without_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o first_o conception_n and_o all_o other_o knowledge_n will_v also_o be_v beyond_o its_o power_n since_o it_o be_v no_o more_o comprise_v in_o the_o species_n than_o the_o union_n what_o he_o add_v of_o reflection_n be_v to_o no_o purpose_n for_o the_o imagination_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v more_o oblige_v to_o make_v reflection_n when_o it_o know_v the_o image_n with_o the_o union_n which_o it_o give_v they_o than_o the_o understanding_n which_o make_v none_o in_o the_o like_a encounter_n otherwise_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o it_o can_v never_o form_v direct_a judgement_n nor_o affirmation_n without_o reflection_n which_o be_v unheard_a of_o thing_n in_o the_o school_n for_o although_o he_o say_v that_o in_o all_o affirmation_n there_o be_v a_o reflection_n of_o the_o mind_n make_v on_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o sense_n forasmuch_o as_o if_o we_o do_v only_o know_v the_o species_n without_o know_v the_o reception_n we_o can_v never_o affirm_v any_o thing_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o this_o reason_n combat_v experience_n most_o part_n of_o man_n affirm_v thing_n without_o know_v whether_o they_o have_v receive_v the_o species_n thereof_o have_v never_o hear_v speak_v of_o they_o and_o know_v they_o not_o at_o all_o for_o the_o rest_n i_o dare_v not_o say_v that_o m.c._n deceive_v himself_o herein_o attribute_v to_o the_o imagination_n all_o what_o the_o understanding_n be_v able_a to_o do_v on_o the_o union_n of_o image_n believe_v that_o as_o the_o understanding_n may_v make_v a_o reflection_n on_o its_o action_n and_o form_v a_o notion_n of_o the_o verb_n est_fw-fr altogether_o distinct_a and_o separate_a from_o that_o of_o the_o term_n the_o imagination_n ought_v also_o to_o do_v as_o much_o if_o it_o can_v make_v proposition_n no_o i_o have_v too_o great_a a_o opinion_n of_o his_o sufficiency_n to_o have_v that_o thought_n but_o i_o imagine_v that_o he_o will_v try_v by_o those_o objection_n he_o have_v make_v whether_o i_o have_v any_o knowledge_n of_o the_o school-subtlety_n and_o therein_o true_o i_o shall_v ingenuous_o confess_v that_o i_o be_o but_o little_a verse_v as_o in_o all_o other_o thing_n and_o that_o it_o be_v a_o unhappiness_n both_o for_o he_o and_o i_o that_o i_o know_v no_o more_o of_o they_o for_o that_o without_o doubt_n there_o be_v many_o place_n in_o his_o work_n wherein_o i_o have_v not_o observe_v the_o hide_a artifice_n and_o consequent_o whereunto_o i_o can_v not_o employ_v the_o subtil_n of_o my_o spirit_n chap._n ii_o that_o the_o imagination_n can_v make_v negative_a proposition_n what_o follow_v be_v perhaps_o of_o the_o same_o rank_n for_o i_o understand_v neither_o the_o force_n nor_o the_o address_n of_o the_o reason_n he_o produce_v to_o show_v that_o the_o imagination_n make_v no_o negative_a proposition_n although_o that_o be_v a_o subject_a which_o may_v furnish_v he_o with_o quantity_n of_o fair_a observation_n and_o wherein_o he_o may_v exercise_v all_o the_o nicety_n of_o his_o logic_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o content_v himself_o to_o say_v that_o the_o imagination_n make_v no_o negation_n and_o know_v they_o not_o because_o in_o effect_n they_o be_v nothing_o and_o that_o they_o can_v furnish_v image_n to_o make_v themselves_o know_v can_v he_o be_v ignorant_a and_o do_v he_o think_v that_o i_o do_v not_o myself_o know_v that_o negation_n may_v be_v consider_v two_o way_n direct_o carry_v our_o thought_n outright_o on_o the_o absence_n and_o the_o privation_n which_o be_v on_o the_o subject_n and_o oblique_o in_o consider_v the_o subject_n deprive_v of_o such_o a_o thing_n and_o which_o be_v not_o such_o a_o thing_n we_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o direct_a negation_n be_v a_o non_fw-la ens_fw-la and_o be_v in_o effect_n nothing_o and_o the_o understanding_n only_o can_v conceive_v it_o because_o it_o require_v a_o most_o subtle_a abstraction_n and_o a_o exact_a reflection_n on_o the_o knowledge_n but_o we_o also_o hold_v that_o the_o subject_n which_o have_v not_o any_o thing_n be_v true_o deprive_v of_o the_o thing_n which_o it_o have_v not_o and_o that_o after_o that_o manner_n the_o imagination_n may_v make_v a_o negation_n for_o even_o as_o he_o who_o kill_v a_o man_n make_v that_o the_o man_n be_v no_o more_o although_o he_o do_v not_o direct_o make_v the_o negation_n of_o the_o man_n so_o the_o imagination_n separate_v those_o image_n which_o make_v a_o whole_a make_v that_o that_o whole_a be_v no_o more_o on_o the_o other_o side_n as_o all_o these_o thing_n be_v make_v of_o themselves_o or_o accidental_o the_o negation_n which_o the_o know_a faculty_n form_n be_v make_v only_o by_o accident_n because_o no_o action_n can_v be_v precise_o terminate_v in_o a_o non_fw-la ens_fw-la for_o he_o that_o kill_v give_v the_o blow_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o life_n come_v by_o accident_n in_o pursuance_n of_o the_o blow_n so_o the_o imagination_n separate_v the_o image_n and_o to_o this_o separation_n which_o be_v a_o real_a and_o true_a action_n happen_v the_o negation_n how_o the_o negation_n may_v be_v represent_v by_o the_o imagination_n but_o m._n c._n say_v p._n 142._o that_o the_o negation_n whatever_o it_o be_v can_v furnish_v any_o image_n to_o make_v itself_o know_v we_o have_v already_o answer_v this_o objection_n for_o if_o the_o word_n image_n signify_v only_o the_o representation_n of_o a_o absolute_a thing_n it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o negation_n furnish_v no_o image_n to_o make_v itself_o know_v but_o if_o it_o comprehend_v the_o modification_n of_o image_n as_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o negation_n furnish_v a_o image_n at_o least_o to_o make_v itself_o know_v by_o accident_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o separation_n which_o be_v a_o modification_n of_o image_n be_v represent_v in_o the_o image_n and_o that_o by_o this_o separation_n the_o thing_n be_v no_o more_o what_o it_o be_v before_o in_o the_o thought_n so_o that_o even_o as_o the_o imagination_n make_v affirmative_a proposition_n when_o it_o unite_v the_o phantasm_n it_o must_v also_o make_v negative_n if_o it_o can_v separate_v they_o and_o as_o it_o employ_v the_o word_n est_fw-la to_o mark_v the_o union_n of_o image_n it_o have_v also_o some_o exterior_a sign_n which_o design_n the_o separation_n it_o make_v of_o they_o and_o then_o it_o express_v they_o by_o the_o term_n non_fw-fr est_fw-fr or_o by_o some_o other_o which_o be_v equivalent_a nothing_o remain_v then_o but_o for_o we_o to_o show_v m.c._n that_o the_o imagination_n separate_v image_n but_o what_o mean_n be_v there_o to_o make_v a_o man_n see_v any_o thing_n that_o shut_v his_o eye_n and_o who_o will_v not_o so_o much_o as_o believe_v they_o when_o they_o shall_v be_v make_v know_v all_o the_o reason_n we_o have_v deduce_v have_v the_o same_o evidence_n for_o the_o separation_n of_o image_n as_o they_o have_v for_o their_o union_n and_o since_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o
of_o these_o action_n she_o without_o doubt_n form_n a_o discourse_n which_o we_o call_v gradation_n and_o even_o a_o perfect_a syllogism_n make_v example_n of_o the_o syllogism_n which_o the_o imagination_n make_v if_o we_o cut_v off_o one_o proposition_n as_o it_o often_o happen_v for_o she_o make_v three_o proposition_n the_o first_o of_o which_o be_v link_v to_o the_o second_o by_o a_o common_a term_n to_o wit_n the_o sweet_a and_o the_o last_o with_o the_o two_o other_o by_o that_o of_o white_a and_o by_o that_o of_o good_a to_o eat_v as_o may_v be_v here_o see_v this_o white_a be_v sweet_a this_o sweet_a be_v good_a to_o eat_v then_o be_v this_o white_a good_a to_o eat_v but_o beside_o the_o concatenation_n of_o these_o proposition_n if_o it_o be_v belong_v to_o the_o essence_n of_o ratiocination_n to_o pass_v from_o a_o know_a thing_n to_o one_o unknown_a unknown_a the_o imagination_n go_v from_o a_o know_a thing_n to_o a_o unknown_a it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o imagination_n make_v the_o same_o progress_n in_o these_o encounter_n for_o it_o instant_o know_v not_o that_o this_o white_a be_v good_a to_o eat_v but_o only_o after_o it_o know_v that_o it_o be_v sweet_a and_o that_o what_o be_v sweet_a be_v good_a to_o eat_v in_o effect_n when_o a_o dog_n see_v a_o white_a thing_n although_o he_o may_v come_v to_o it_o to_o eat_v it_o yet_o he_o eat_v it_o not_o till_o he_o have_v first_o smell_v and_o taste_v it_o which_o be_v a_o evident_a sign_n that_o he_o do_v not_o certain_o know_v that_o this_o white_a thing_n be_v good_a to_o eat_v until_o he_o pass_v over_o the_o other_o quality_n which_o give_v he_o a_o perfect_a knowledge_n thereof_o and_o certain_o if_o a_o man_n will_v consider_v the_o different_a connection_n which_o sensible_a accident_n have_v with_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o that_o the_o savour_n for_o example_n have_v more_o with_o the_o goodness_n of_o aliment_n than_o the_o odor_n or_o the_o colour_n he_o will_v be_v oblige_v to_o confess_v that_o of_o necessity_n the_o imagination_n must_v often_o pass_v from_o a_o know_a thing_n to_o that_o which_o be_v less_o so_o and_o consequent_o that_o she_o make_v several_a judgement_n which_o have_v the_o same_o concatenation_n and_o progress_n which_o the_o true_a syllogism_n require_v and_o which_o make_v she_o know_v these_o thing_n she_o be_v unassure_v of_o by_o other_o which_o be_v more_o evident_a the_o reason_n which_o we_o have_v here_o somewhat_o more_o extend_v than_o it_o be_v in_o our_o former_a discourse_n have_v be_v confine_v by_o the_o several_a experiment_n which_o reign_v almost_o in_o all_o the_o action_n of_o animal_n the_o first_o experiment_n be_v this_o a_o dog_n will_v eat_v somewhat_o which_o be_v hang_v on_o high_a he_o consider_v it_o bark_v for_o it_o turn_n and_o leap_v at_o it_o without_o get_v it_o at_o last_o he_o observe_v a_o place_n raise_v up_o whereby_o he_o may_v rise_v to_o another_o and_o thereby_o at_o last_o he_o may_v catch_v what_o he_o desire_v i_o say_v this_o can_v be_v do_v but_o he_o must_v join_v the_o phantasm_n of_o the_o place_n where_o he_o be_v with_o that_o of_o the_o first_o step_n and_o that_o with_o the_o latter_a and_o in_o pursuit_n with_o the_o thing_n which_o he_o will_v have_v and_o that_o all_o this_o will_v be_v useless_a unto_o he_o do_v he_o not_o reassemble_v the_o first_o notion_n with_o the_o last_o since_o it_o be_v by_o that_o latter_a action_n that_o he_o know_v the_o thing_n which_o he_o have_v before_o judge_v to_o be_v impossible_a be_v no_o more_o so_o and_o therefore_o as_o this_o gather_n together_o can_v not_o be_v make_v without_o join_v several_a proposition_n with_o common_a term_n and_o without_o pass_v from_o a_o more_o know_a thing_n to_o one_o which_o be_v less_o so_o there_o must_v necessary_o therein_o be_v a_o true_a ratiocination_n the_o second_o experiment_n consist_v in_o the_o wild_a beast_n use_v in_o hunt_v which_o they_o make_v against_o one_o the_o other_o where_o it_o be_v necessary_a their_o imagination_n must_v figure_v itself_o mean_v without_o which_o they_o easy_o perceive_v they_o shall_v catch_v nothing_o for_o they_o must_v then_o needs_o make_v a_o design_n to_o follow_v their_o prey_n and_o the_o difficulty_n they_o encounter_v oblige_v they_o to_o form_v another_o to_o use_v that_o wile_n without_o which_o they_o can_v catch_v it_o and_o last_o of_o all_o they_o have_v wile_n with_o the_o prize_n which_o can_v never_o be_v do_v without_o discourse_n and_o any_o may_v easy_o judge_v the_o last_o experiment_n which_o the_o order_n of_o our_o former_a treatise_n have_v oblige_v we_o to_o unto_o from_o these_o to_o show_v that_o custom_n and_o instruction_n be_v never_o acquire_v without_o discourse_n may_v here_o again_o take_v its_o place_n as_o that_o which_o be_v decisive_a and_o which_o receive_v no_o valuable_a answer_n it_o be_v then_o true_a that_o when_o we_o teach_v or_o accustom_v beast_n to_o do_v any_o thing_n by_o the_o caress_n or_o by_o the_o menace_n we_o use_v and_o after_o that_o the_o remembrance_n they_o have_v thereof_o engage_v they_o to_o do_v the_o same_o thing_n which_o they_o have_v be_v teach_v the_o imagination_n must_v needs_o reason_n thus_o that_o since_o such_o a_o thing_n have_v at_o some_o other_o time_n cause_v they_o good_a or_o ill_a that_o which_o present_v itself_o be_v alike_o ought_v also_o to_o cause_v the_o same_o effect_n for_o the_o image_n of_o the_o blow_v they_o receive_v be_v different_a from_o those_o which_o the_o imagination_n form_n at_o that_o time_n since_o these_o be_v of_o past_a thing_n &_o those_o be_v of_o present_a and_o future_a so_o that_o she_o must_v unite_v the_o image_n of_o the_o present_a thing_n with_o that_o of_o the_o past_a which_o be_v know_v to_o it_o and_o that_o by_o this_o she_o must_v know_v that_o which_o be_v to_o come_v and_o if_o this_o be_v not_o to_o reason_n there_o be_v no_o reason_n in_o the_o world_n and_o if_o it_o be_v a_o true_a discourse_n there_o be_v but_o few_o action_n wherein_o beast_n do_v not_o reason_n all_o the_o difficulty_n which_o may_v be_v make_v here_o be_v to_o know_v whether_o the_o imagination_n can_v know_v thing_n past_o present_a and_o to_o come_v but_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o beast_n hope_v that_o they_o fear_v and_o that_o they_o desire_v there_o will_v be_v no_o way_n leave_v to_o doubt_v of_o this_o truth_n since_o these_o passion_n suppose_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o good_a or_o evil_a to_o come_v for_o if_o they_o be_v capable_a to_o know_v this_o difference_n of_o time_n which_o be_v the_o most_o difficult_a to_o know_v the_o other_o which_o be_v more_o easy_a can_v be_v unknown_a unto_o it_o the_o memory_n be_v destine_v for_o thing_n past_a and_o the_o sense_n of_o those_o which_o be_v present_a beast_n proof_n 4._o of_o the_o reason_n of_o beast_n we_o may_v yet_o add_v hereunto_o the_o proof_n we_o draw_v to_o show_v that_o instinct_n be_v ever_o accompany_v with_o reason_n since_o it_o confirm_v the_o truth_n which_o we_o establish_v for_o as_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o appetite_n ought_v to_o proceed_v all_o the_o action_n of_o beast_n and_o that_o this_o motion_n be_v always_o advance_v by_o several_a proposition_n which_o be_v terminate_v by_o the_o operation_n which_o be_v as_o the_o conclusion_n as_o aristotle_n will_v have_v it_o all_o these_o proposition_n which_o be_v link_v together_o by_o common_a term_n and_o which_o instruct_v the_o soul_n in_o what_o she_o ought_v to_o do_v must_v needs_o have_v the_o form_n of_o a_o true_a reason_n in_o effect_n before_o a_o beast_n begin_v to_o do_v any_o thing_n its_o necessary_a it_o shall_v know_v whether_o it_o be_v good_a and_o afterward_o that_o its_o feasible_a and_o last_o of_o all_o that_o the_o practical_a judgement_n shall_v intervene_v whereby_o the_o imagination_n judge_v it_o ought_v to_o be_v do_v in_o pursuit_n whereof_o the_o appetite_n stir_v its_o self_n and_o cause_v its_o organ_n to_o agitate_v and_o to_o show_v that_o these_o several_a proposition_n be_v necessary_a in_o these_o encounter_n beside_o what_o the_o common_a sense_n teach_v we_o it_o be_v that_o dog_n and_o hawk_n often_o see_v their_o prey_n without_o pursue_v it_o judge_v that_o they_o can_v take_v it_o because_o it_o be_v too_o far_o from_o they_o sometime_o they_o seem_v to_o doubt_v and_o be_v apparent_o trouble_v to_o resolve_v whether_o they_o shall_v pursue_v it_o or_o no._n now_o its_o certain_a that_o see_v the_o game_n they_o judge_v it_o good_a and_o that_o not_o pursue_v it_o they_o judge_v the_o thing_n not_o to_o be_v feasible_a so_o the_o conclusion_n which_o consist_v in_o operation_n fail_v for_o want_v of_o one_o of_o the_o proposition_n as_o it_o happen_v in_o
all_o true_a syllogism_n these_o than_o be_v the_o reason_n which_o we_o think_v we_o ought_v to_o employ_v to_o show_v that_o animal_n reason_n for_o although_o there_o be_v a_o infinite_a many_o more_o one_o part_n of_o which_o several_a great_a person_n have_v use_v and_o which_o may_v be_v augment_v by_o those_o which_o man_n of_o judgement_n may_v deduce_v from_o so_o rich_a and_o fruitful_a a_o subject_n we_o neither_o judge_v they_o can_v accommodate_v themselves_o to_o the_o principle_n we_o have_v establish_v nor_o to_o the_o shortness_n we_o seek_v nor_o to_o the_o belief_n we_o have_v that_o we_o alone_o may_v demonstrate_v this_o truth_n we_o must_v now_o observe_v what_o hurt_v they_o have_v receive_v from_o m.c._n his_o critic_n and_o whether_o they_o have_v be_v weaken_v by_o his_o assault_n but_o in_o the_o first_o place_n i_o be_o oblige_v to_o say_v that_o i_o have_v before_o i_o a_o enemy_n very_o wise_a and_o very_o advise_v and_o who_o through_o the_o mistrust_n he_o have_v of_o his_o own_o force_n use_v all_o the_o address_n of_o great_a commander_n who_o gain_n as_o much_o as_o they_o can_v the_o advantage_n of_o sun_n and_o wind_n and_o amuse_v the_o enemy_n with_o light_a skirmish_n without_o assault_v he_o in_o front_n and_o decide_v the_o business_n by_o a_o equal_a battle_n for_o beside_o that_o m._n c._n think_v he_o have_v aristotle_n on_o his_o side_n and_o that_o he_o have_v oppose_v against_o we_o all_o the_o law_n of_o syllogism_n as_o if_o himself_o have_v see_v the_o chief_a of_o my_o reason_n he_o dispose_v they_o as_o he_o please_v and_o in_o a_o very_a strange_a order_n he_o confute_v my_o conclusion_n before_o he_o have_v examine_v the_o ground_n and_o for_o all_o objection_n he_o have_v produce_v only_o imaginary_a inconvenience_n or_o paralogism_n in_o effect_n in_o the_o 14_o chapter_n he_o treat_v the_o depth_n of_o the_o question_n of_o the_o reason_n of_o beast_n in_o the_o 16._o he_o show_v they_o make_v no_o proposition_n and_o at_o last_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o sense_n which_o be_v the_o first_o of_o all_o knowledge_n on_o the_o other_o side_n he_o often_o unlink_v a_o reason_n from_o a_o subject_a or_o be_v affect_v to_o join_v it_o with_o another_o which_o be_v more_o useless_a and_o the_o best_a i_o find_v be_v that_o as_o he_o imagine_v i_o shall_v have_v follow_v the_o order_n he_o keep_v he_o in_o many_o place_n accuse_v i_o of_o suppose_v thing_n as_o not_o be_v prove_v because_o he_o have_v then_o speak_v of_o they_o without_o remember_v that_o i_o have_v demonstrate_v they_o before_o but_o against_o all_o these_o wile_n which_o lose_v their_o name_n and_o effect_v when_o they_o be_v not_o discover_v we_o may_v here_o speak_v in_o gross_a to_o m.c._n till_o we_o have_v consider_v they_o by_o denial_n beast_n the_o rule_n of_o logic_n destroy_v not_o the_o reason_v of_o beast_n first_o that_o neither_o aristotle_n nor_o all_o the_o rule_n of_o logic_n which_o he_o have_v give_v we_o do_v not_o destroy_v the_o manner_n of_o reason_v which_o beast_n use_v because_o they_o be_v like_o two_o different_a state_n which_o govern_v themselves_o by_o different_a law_n and_o if_o aristotle_n have_v make_v those_o which_o be_v necessary_a whereby_o the_o understanding_n form_v its_o discourss_n it_o be_v not_o but_o that_o there_o may_v be_v other_o for_o those_o of_o the_o imagination_n i_o will_v have_v it_o grant_v as_o a_o indubitable_a maxim_n that_o no_o lawful_a conclusion_n can_v be_v draw_v from_o particular_a proposition_n and_o that_o the_o four_o figure_n of_o galen_n be_v useless_a nay_o even_o faulty_a but_o this_o take_v place_n only_o in_o humane_a ratiocination_n which_o ever_o require_v some_o universal_a proposition_n and_o not_o in_o that_o of_o beast_n which_o can_v only_o be_v form_v from_o particular_a judgement_n if_o m._n c._n will_v have_v uphold_v the_o consequence_n he_o draw_v from_o what_o be_v say_v in_o the_o school_n he_o shall_v first_o have_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o no_o ratiocination_n can_v be_v make_v without_o some_o universal_a proposition_n for_o though_o he_o have_v endeavour_v to_o prove_v it_o beside_o that_o the_o expositive_a syllogism_n will_v always_o convince_v he_o he_o can_v never_o make_v but_o that_o this_o must_v be_v a_o true_a syllogism_n this_o white_a be_v sweet_a this_o sweet_a be_v good_a to_o eat_v then_o this_o white_a be_v good_a to_o eat_v and_o it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o oppose_v that_o it_o be_v in_o the_o four_o figure_n for_o be_v it_o true_a this_o figure_n will_v not_o be_v faulty_a in_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o imagination_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v hereafter_o and_o be_v it_o so_o it_o will_v be_v always_o true_a that_o a_o vicious_a syllogism_n be_v a_o syllogism_n and_o a_o man_n can_v say_v that_o he_o that_o reason_n ill_a reason_n not_o in_o fine_a it_o be_v certain_a that_o ratiocination_n in_o itself_o and_o without_o consider_v the_o difference_n thereof_o be_v a_o discourse_n which_o from_o two_o proposition_n link_v together_o by_o a_o common_a term_n infer_v a_o three_o and_o as_o this_o may_v be_v do_v by_o particular_a proposition_n as_o well_o as_o by_o universal_a it_o be_v indifferent_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o reason_v in_o general_a for_o either_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o to_o be_v therein_o employ_v for_o if_o in_o reason_v there_o must_v be_v two_o thing_n which_o convene_v in_o a_o three_o and_o agree_v also_o among_o themselves_o and_o on_o the_o contrary_a this_o agree_v be_v to_o be_v find_v as_o well_o in_o particular_a as_o in_o universal_a proposition_n as_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o propose_a example_n where_o the_o white_a and_o the_o good_a to_o eat_v agree_v with_o the_o sweet_a which_o be_v common_a to_o they_o in_o effect_n as_o this_o agreement_n be_v ground_v on_o a_o whole_a wherein_o divers_a thing_n be_v comprehend_v and_o that_o there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o they_o to_o wit_n the_o particular_a and_o the_o universal_a there_o be_v also_o two_o sort_n of_o agreement_n the_o one_o which_o be_v particular_a which_o serve_v to_o the_o ratiocination_n of_o particular_n and_o the_o other_o which_o be_v universal_a which_o serve_v to_o the_o general_a but_o we_o shall_v more_o ample_o explicate_v this_o in_o the_o examen_fw-la of_o m.c._n his_o reason_n in_o the_o second_o place_n i_o say_v for_o what_o concern_v the_o order_n he_o have_v dispose_v my_o matter_n in_o although_o he_o think_v he_o have_v do_v much_o for_o his_o own_o cause_n to_o have_v transpose_v my_o reason_n and_o my_o proof_n and_o from_o the_o first_o start_n to_o go_v about_o to_o destroy_v the_o reason_v of_o beast_n without_o have_v examine_v the_o principle_n wherein_o i_o think_v i_o have_v establish_v it_o i_o fear_v he_o be_v to_o be_v reprove_v that_o he_o have_v proceed_v neither_o with_o candour_n nor_o with_o any_o good_a form_n as_o these_o reason_n be_v the_o light_n which_o lose_v or_o augment_v their_o splendour_n according_a to_o the_o situation_n they_o be_v give_v it_o be_v certain_a that_o have_v place_v i_o otherwise_o then_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v he_o have_v much_o weaken_v they_o and_o that_o those_o who_o will_v not_o take_v the_o pain_n to_o consider_v they_o exact_o will_v not_o observe_v that_o vivacity_n and_o force_n they_o may_v have_v have_v in_o my_o discourse_n but_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v use_v this_o treachery_n for_o although_o every_o man_n be_v master_n of_o the_o order_n of_o thing_n he_o treat_v of_o this_o in_o critic_n have_v its_o exception_n and_o principal_o when_o we_o take_v in_o task_n all_o what_o a_o author_n have_v write_v on_o any_o subject_a for_o then_o sincerity_n and_o candour_n oblige_v we_o to_o preserve_v the_o legitimate_a advantage_n it_o have_v acquire_v in_o the_o disposition_n of_o its_o matter_n and_o who_o make_v he_o lose_v they_o lose_v also_o the_o quality_n of_o faithful_a and_o sincere_a nevertheless_o i_o will_v have_v m._n c._n defend_v himself_o from_o all_o his_o defect_n yet_o i_o believe_v he_o can_v excuse_v himself_o of_o that_o whereon_o he_o fall_v fall_v upon_o my_o conclusion_n without_o before_o have_v destroy_v the_o foundation_n whereon_o it_o be_v sustain_v for_o whatever_o he_o may_v say_v against_o it_o if_o i_o have_v sufficient_o prove_v that_o the_o imagination_n unite_v several_a term_n and_o several_a proposition_n and_o that_o the_o bond_n which_o the_o syllogism_n require_v meet_v in_o this_o union_n he_o must_v himself_o confess_v that_o she_o discourse_v in_o these_o encounter_n and_o what_o reason_n soever_o he_o bring_v to_o the_o contrary_n will_v never_o absolute_o decide_v the_o question_n so_o long_o as_o i_o subsist_v all_o they_o can_v do_v be_v to_o render_v they_o doubtful_a
of_o they_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o know_v they_o in_o a_o moment_n they_o also_o in_o a_o moment_n must_v form_v the_o image_n of_o they_o but_o this_o appear_v not_o only_o in_o the_o first_o conception_n of_o the_o soul_n we_o will_v experiment_n it_o in_o the_o proposition_n and_o in_o those_o design_n which_o it_o form_n in_o a_o instant_n and_o what_o we_o have_v say_v of_o dream_n sufficient_o declare_v that_o it_o need_v not_o time_n to_o unite_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v different_a and_o which_o have_v no_o other_o natural_a connexion_n the_o one_o with_o other_o so_o that_o all_o the_o doubt_n which_o may_v arise_v from_o hence_o seem_v to_o fall_v on_o the_o union_n of_o several_a proposition_n and_o chief_o when_o they_o compose_v a_o perfect_a ratiocination_n but_o whosoever_o will_v but_o consult_v with_o himself_o and_o mind_n but_o his_o own_o tbought_n he_o will_v easy_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v no_o thing_n which_o follow_v one_o another_o with_o that_o swiftness_n and_o that_o if_o there_o be_v any_o succession_n among_o they_o it_o be_v a_o succession_n of_o order_n or_o of_o nature_n and_o not_o of_o time_n and_o if_o he_o will_v not_o trust_v to_o his_o own_o judgement_n anim_fw-la 2._o poster_n 1_o de_fw-la motu_fw-la anim_fw-la and_o that_o he_o will_v know_v what_o aristotle_n be_v and_o he_o shall_v learn_v from_o he_o that_o the_o minor_a and_o the_o conclusion_n of_o a_o syllogism_n be_v know_v at_o the_o same_o time_n since_o to_o know_v and_o to_o make_v a_o proposition_n be_v the_o same_o thing_n whence_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o at_o least_o two_o proposition_n which_o have_v connexion_n together_o may_v be_v find_v in_o one_o moment_n now_o if_o this_o be_v true_a as_o the_o school_n assure_v we_o it_o be_v a_o great_a likelihood_n that_o the_o two_o first_o proposition_n of_o a_o syllogism_n may_v be_v know_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n since_o it_o seem_v there_o be_v no_o reason_n why_o the_o minor_a and_o the_o conclusion_n be_v know_v at_o the_o same_o time_n more_o than_o the_o major_a and_o the_o minor_a thus_o we_o shall_v be_v constrain_v to_o confess_v that_o the_o whole_a syllogism_n may_v be_v make_v at_o the_o same_o time_n but_o without_o make_v use_n of_o the_o force_n of_o authority_n that_o of_o the_o follow_a reason_n may_v disannul_v all_o doubt_n and_o entire_o decide_v the_o question_n those_o who_o exercise_n themselves_o to_o discourse_n on_o any_o subject_n find_v so_o great_a a_o facility_n in_o it_o that_o in_o a_o moment_n they_o see_v all_o the_o consequence_n which_o may_v be_v draw_v from_o thence_o and_o as_o they_o say_v know_v the_o conclusion_n in_o the_o principle_n in_o these_o encounter_v they_o of_o necessity_n must_v reason_v otherwise_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o through_o the_o strength_n of_o reason_v they_o shall_v cease_v to_o reason_n and_o then_o the_o habit_n which_o they_o have_v acquire_v of_o it_o ju_v to_o perfect_a their_o ratiocination_n shall_v whole_o destroy_v it_o which_o will_v be_v a_o very_a strange_a thing_n and_o very_o singular_a since_o all_o other_o habit_n do_v not_o change_v the_o nature_n and_o essence_n of_o their_o action_n and_o tend_v only_a to_o render_v they_o more_o perfect_a and_o more_o accomplish_a now_o it_o will_v neither_o be_v to_o leave_v ratiocination_n in_o its_o nature_n nor_o to_o render_v it_o more_o accomplish_v to_o take_v it_o quite_o away_o as_o it_o will_v undoubted_o happen_v if_o it_o change_v to_o another_o kind_n of_o knowledge_n incompatible_a with_o itself_o that_o the_o understanding_n suppose_v ratiocination_n it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o say_v that_o the_o understanding_n which_o be_v acquire_v in_o pursuit_n be_v a_o high_a and_o more_o noble_a action_n then_o that_o of_o reason_v and_o that_o for_o that_o cause_n the_o angel_n reason_v not_o have_v no_o other_o knowledge_n than_o understanding_n as_o that_o which_o be_v most_o perfect_a and_o most_o comformable_a to_o their_o nature_n for_o from_o thence_o it_o can_v be_v infer_v that_o the_o understanding_n be_v not_o a_o true_a ratiocination_n but_o only_o that_o it_o be_v more_o exquisite_a and_o that_o it_o have_v not_o those_o defect_n which_o be_v meet_v withal_o in_o we_o of_o a_o truth_n the_o time_n which_o we_o employ_v to_o form_v they_o be_v no_o essential_a thing_n it_o be_v a_o imperfection_n which_o happen_v to_o they_o from_o the_o weight_n and_o weakness_n of_o our_o spirit_n which_o hinder_v it_o from_o be_v able_a at_o once_o to_o penetrate_v the_o nature_n of_o some_o thing_n and_o at_o one_o view_n to_o see_v the_o several_a relation_n they_o have_v among_o themselves_o but_o as_o by_o exercise_n and_o habit_n these_o defect_n be_v to_o be_v correct_v so_o this_o imperfection_n be_v to_o be_v take_v away_o from_o raticionation_n and_o they_o may_v be_v find_v with_o that_o swiftness_n that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o interval_n betwixt_o the_o antecedent_n and_o the_o conclusion_n which_o be_v draw_v from_o it_o to_o come_v back_o to_o the_o understanding_n although_o it_o be_v make_v in_o a_o instant_n it_o change_v neither_o the_o order_n nor_o the_o connexion_n which_o thing_n have_v among_o themselves_o forasmuch_o as_o she_o make_v know_v the_o first_o as_o first_o the_o second_o as_o second_o and_o so_o of_o the_o rest_n according_a to_o the_o natural_a order_n they_o observe_v now_o this_o necessary_o carry_v the_o disposition_n and_o the_o knit_n together_o which_o be_v in_o the_o syllogism_n forasmuch_o as_o if_o we_o know_v the_o connextion_n which_o the_o first_o have_v with_o the_o second_o and_o that_o which_o the_o second_o have_v with_o the_o three_o we_o must_v at_o last_o of_o necessity_n come_v to_o know_v the_o connexion_n which_o the_o first_o have_v with_o the_o three_o since_o its_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o precedent_n and_o that_o the_o effect_n be_v ever_o posterior_n to_o its_o cause_n in_o the_o order_n of_o nature_n although_o it_o be_v not_o always_o in_o the_o order_n of_o time_n let_v a_o man_n not_o say_v that_o these_o thing_n present_v not_o themselves_o entire_a and_o that_o its_o the_o same_o as_o with_o several_a object_n which_o be_v seem_v at_o the_o same_o time_n it_o be_v needless_a for_o the_o soul_n to_o join_v they_o and_o consequent_o to_o make_v any_o judgement_n or_o discourse_n upon_o they_o beside_o that_o these_o several_a relation_n and_o different_a connexion_n can_v be_v know_v without_o compare_v of_o thing_n and_o that_o they_o can_v be_v compare_v but_o that_o the_o mind_n must_v alternative_o go_v from_o one_o to_o another_o to_o observe_v the_o mutual_a relation_n which_o they_o have_v together_o which_o can_v be_v do_v without_o discourse_n discourse_n that_o angel_n discourse_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v believe_v that_o this_o high_a knowledge_n which_o be_v attribute_v to_o angel_n shall_v be_v like_o the_o first_o notion_n of_o sense_n neither_o be_v it_o a_o simple_a conception_n or_o apprehension_n of_o object_n the_o order_n of_o nature_n will_v have_v it_o that_o if_o there_o be_v in_o we_o any_o faculty_n or_o action_n which_o be_v to_o be_v communicate_v to_o such_o pure_a and_o perfect_a spirit_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o most_o noble_a and_o the_o most_o excellent_a now_o by_o consent_n of_o all_o the_o philosopher_n the_o three_o operation_n of_o the_o understanding_n be_v more_o noble_a than_o the_o first_o and_o therefore_o it_o must_v be_v that_o which_o be_v common_a to_o we_o with_o they_o they_o must_v know_v all_o thing_n by_o that_o and_o i_o even_o dare_v say_v that_o all_o their_o knowledge_n be_v but_o a_o perpetual_a ratiocination_n because_o they_o know_v not_o as_o we_o do_v the_o thing_n successive_o and_o by_o parcel_n but_o see_v all_o at_o once_o what_o be_v in_o they_o and_o observe_v all_o the_o relation_n they_o have_v one_o with_o another_o it_o be_v almost_o impossible_a but_o in_o so_o great_a a_o concourse_n of_o different_a object_n and_o in_o the_o several_a return_v which_o their_o understanding_n be_v oblige_v to_o make_v on_o they_o but_o they_o must_v incessant_o reason_n it_o seem_v even_o that_o this_o wonderful_a disposition_n which_o god_n have_v put_v through_o all_o the_o universe_n require_v that_o since_o those_o thing_n which_o hold_v the_o last_o degree_n of_o knowledge_n can_v never_o know_v their_o object_n but_o by_o simple_a and_o primary_n notion_n those_o which_o be_v in_o the_o supreme_a degree_n and_o which_o be_v most_o perfect_a of_o all_o ought_v never_o to_o know_v they_o but_o by_o discourse_n i_o know_v well_o that_o in_o the_o school_n there_o be_v those_o which_o say_v that_o angel_n have_v no_o simple_a conception_n and_o apprehension_n and_o that_o they_o know_v thing_n by_o make_v affirmation_n and_o negation_n by_o a_o simple_a judgement_n which_o they_o call_v by_o intelligence_n
but_o in_o this_o case_n they_o must_v either_o assemble_v or_o divide_v the_o image_n of_o thing_n because_o affirmation_n and_o negation_n can_v be_v otherwise_o find_v but_o by_o the_o union_n and_o separation_n of_o image_n now_o if_o this_o be_v so_o they_o must_v discourse_v because_o that_o in_o the_o union_n of_o several_a image_n which_o the_o relation_n and_o comparison_n of_o thing_n require_v the_o form_n and_o contexture_n of_o discourse_n must_v therein_o necessary_o be_v find_v however_o it_o be_v that_o discourse_n which_o be_v thus_o make_v be_v most_o perfect_a and_o have_v not_o those_o defect_n which_o be_v common_o find_v in_o other_o because_o it_o be_v make_v in_o a_o instant_n and_o that_o all_o at_o once_o it_o give_v the_o knowledge_n of_o all_o the_o proposition_n which_o compose_v it_o but_o what_o if_o this_o be_v so_o thing_n a_o syllogism_n which_o be_v make_v in_o a_o instant_n go_v from_o know_v to_o unknown_a thing_n the_o understanding_n can_v move_v from_o thing_n more_o know_v to_o know_v to_o those_o which_o be_v less_o know_v as_o we_o say_v it_o be_v always_o do_v in_o discourse_n certain_o if_o by_o the_o most_o know_a thing_n we_o understand_v that_o they_o be_v to_o be_v know_v some_o time_n before_o the_o rest_n its_o certain_a this_o progress_n be_v not_o make_v here_o where_o all_o be_v know_v at_o the_o same_o time_n but_o if_o we_o understand_v that_o these_o thing_n be_v by_o nature_n and_o by_o reason_n more_o know_v because_o they_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o principle_n and_o sum_n of_o the_o rest_n we_o must_v not_o doubt_v but_o that_o a_o progress_n be_v make_v from_o those_o thing_n which_o by_o nature_n be_v more_o know_v to_o those_o which_o be_v less_o now_o universal_a thing_n be_v by_o nature_n and_o reason_n more_o know_v than_o particular_n cause_n than_o effect_n in_o a_o word_n the_o first_o than_o the_o last_o although_o they_o may_v be_v all_o know_v at_o the_o same_o time_n but_o this_o be_v no_o place_n to_o heighten_v the_o advantage_n of_o this_o matter_n it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o say_v that_o if_o in_o this_o opinion_n there_o be_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o the_o common_a sense_n of_o the_o school_n it_o be_v that_o the_o school_n have_v not_o consider_v ratiocination_n in_o its_o nature_n but_o in_o its_o species_n that_o it_o have_v define_v the_o gender_n by_o its_o difference_n and_o that_o at_o last_o it_o stop_v at_o the_o most_o common_a way_n of_o discourse_v which_o be_v observe_v among_o man_n without_o take_v notice_n of_o any_o other_o and_o without_o observe_v that_o the_o condition_n therein_o require_v be_v defect_n and_o not_o thing_n essential_a unto_o it_o after_o all_o this_o can_v not_o discourse_n be_v make_v in_o a_o instant_n it_o be_v yet_o true_a that_o it_o be_v often_o make_v so_o fast_o that_o its_o impossible_a to_o observe_v therein_o any_o sensible_a and_o manifest_a succession_n of_o time_n and_o there_o be_v no_o mind_n so_o heavy_a and_o stupid_a which_o can_v make_v proof_n in_o itself_o of_o the_o extreme_a swiftness_n it_o make_v use_v of_o to_o draw_v certain_a consequence_n and_o to_o discourse_v of_o those_o thing_n which_o the_o sense_n and_o the_o memory_n present_v it_o withal_o now_o i_o will_v take_v no_o other_o advantage_n in_o the_o dispute_n i_o have_v with_o m._n c._n to_o stop_v his_o mouth_n when_o he_o so_o often_o oppose_v against_o i_o p._n 137_o the_o great_a number_n of_o proposition_n and_o syllogism_n which_o a_o beast_n must_v be_v oblige_v to_o make_v before_o it_o shall_v carry_v itself_o towards_o any_o thing_n have_v it_o the_o faculty_n of_o reason_v which_o we_o give_v it_o page_n 139_o that_o when_o it_o have_v find_v any_o please_a object_n his_o appetite_n provoke_v he_o so_o strong_o that_o he_o have_v no_o leisure_n to_o discourse_v thereupon_o and_o that_o at_o last_o the_o precipitation_n wherewith_o he_o agitate_v be_v incompatible_a with_o so_o many_o proposition_n which_o we_o make_v he_o make_v for_o if_o all_o this_o may_v be_v do_v in_o a_o moment_n that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o a_o imperceptible_a time_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v fear_v but_o that_o the_o imagination_n may_v have_v time_n to_o execute_v it_o neither_o can_v it_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o precipitation_n wherewith_o beast_n be_v wont_a to_o agitate_v yet_o will_v i_o not_o that_o all_o proposition_n which_o they_o make_v on_o the_o same_o object_n be_v make_v at_o the_o same_o instant_n i_o know_v they_o may_v see_v a_o thing_n long_o before_o they_o taft_v it_o and_o after_o have_v taste_v it_o at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o will_v not_o have_v a_o desire_n to_o eat_v it_o although_o they_o find_v it_o good_a to_o the_o taste_n forasmuch_o as_o have_v no_o need_n to_o eat_v they_o conceive_v it_o not_o good_a to_o eat_v but_o i_o pretend_v only_o to_o show_v by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v that_o there_o be_v some_o which_o follow_v one_o another_o very_o ready_o it_o be_v nothing_o necessary_a for_o a_o sensible_a space_n of_o time_n to_o be_v betwixt_o they_o and_o other_o which_o be_v form_v the_o one_o after_o another_o in_o length_n of_o time_n as_o it_o happen_v in_o those_o we_o make_v let_v we_o return_v to_o the_o examen_fw-la of_o that_o syllogism_n which_o have_v give_v so_o much_o trouble_v to_o m._n c._n and_o defend_v he_o from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o assault_n we_o give_v he_o he_o therefore_o say_v page_n 126._o universal_a the_o term_n of_o this_o syllogism_n be_v not_o universal_a that_o all_o the_o term_n which_o compose_v it_o be_v universal_a and_o therefore_o that_o its_o impossible_a for_o beast_n to_o use_v it_o since_o they_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o form_v any_o universal_a notion_n true_o i_o ought_v to_o believe_v that_o m._n c._n have_v a_o very_a ill_a opinion_n of_o i_o to_o make_v i_o such_o a_o boyish_a objection_n and_o to_o think_v to_o trouble_v i_o with_o a_o slight_a subtlety_n of_o the_o school_n which_o be_v not_o able_a to_o stop_v the_o mean_a logician_n there_o be_v none_o but_o know_v that_o the_o term_n be_v common_a and_o general_a two_o way_n either_o because_o they_o may_v be_v apply_v to_o several_a thing_n or_o because_o they_o signify_v a_o nature_n which_o be_v conceive_v common_a to_o divers_a thing_n we_o may_v apply_v that_o of_o sweet_a to_o all_o the_o particular_a object_n which_o the_o sense_n judge_v sweet_a and_o yet_o for_o all_o that_o without_o think_v that_o sweetness_n be_v a_o nature_n common_a to_o all_o those_o subject_n and_o that_o in_o this_o the_o imagination_n use_v it_o as_o all_o the_o rest_n which_o be_v in_o the_o propose_a syllogism_n but_o in_o that_o sense_n there_o they_o represent_v no_o universal_a idea_n and_o therefore_o m.c._n can_v infer_v what_o he_o pretend_v in_o effect_n be_v his_o reason_n good_a it_o can_v not_o be_v that_o a_o beast_n shall_v know_v that_o a_o thing_n be_v sweet_a forasmuch_o as_o the_o term_n of_o sweet_a as_o he_o say_v be_v a_o universal_a term_n which_o suppose_v a_o universal_a idea_n whereof_o beast_n be_v not_o capable_a if_o it_o be_v therefore_o true_a that_o the_o sense_n know_v what_o be_v sweet_a and_o that_o sweet_a be_v not_o a_o universal_a term_n since_o the_o sense_n only_o know_v singular_a thing_n why_o shall_v it_o rather_o be_v universal_a in_o this_o syllogism_n then_o in_o the_o judgement_n the_o sense_n make_v of_o it_o on_o the_o other_o side_n when_o all_o the_o term_n of_o sweet_a of_o good_a of_o thing_n shall_v have_v a_o more_o general_a signification_n and_o more_o transcendent_a than_o they_o have_v they_o will_v lose_v it_o by_o the_o restriction_n which_o the_o demonstrative_a pronoune_n give_v they_o for_o when_o we_o say_v this_o sweet_a this_o good_a this_o thing_n we_o figure_v nothing_o which_o be_v general_a or_o transcendent_a but_o the_o mind_n common_o stop_v at_o the_o singularity_n of_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v express_v by_o these_o term_n to_o conclude_v it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o know_v the_o general_a connexion_n of_o term_n he_o add_v that_o this_o syllogism_n conclude_v nothing_o unless_o we_o know_v that_o all_o what_o be_v sweet_a be_v good_a to_o eat_v and_o that_o if_o a_o beast_n do_v not_o only_o know_v this_o universal_a proposition_n but_o also_o its_o universality_n it_o can_v employ_v sweetness_n as_o a_o mean_n to_o conclude_v the_o goodness_n of_o the_o aliment_n this_o reason_n be_v please_v to_o m._n c._n for_o he_o repeat_v it_o in_o the_o 132_o page_n where_o he_o very_o much_o insist_o on_o the_o knowledge_n which_o a_o beast_n ought_v to_o have_v of_o the_o universal_a connexion_n which_o be_v betwixt_o the_o sweetness_n and_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o aliment_n to_o conclude_v such_o a_o thing_n good_a to_o eat_v
have_v find_v they_o all_o like_o those_o of_o beast_n he_o conclude_v very_o strong_o that_o in_o his_o opinion_n that_o since_o his_o appetite_n do_v thing_n without_o reason_n and_o often_o against_o reason_n that_o of_o beast_n ought_v to_o work_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n i_o be_o ravish_v that_o after_o have_v so_o often_o show_v that_o m.c._n reason_v not_o where_o he_o think_v he_o reason_n well_o he_o give_v i_o occasion_n to_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o he_o reason_n well_o where_o he_o think_v not_o that_o he_o reason_n and_o be_v there_o wherein_o i_o shall_v the_o more_o easy_o take_v the_o liberey_n to_o tell_v he_o that_o he_o deceive_v himself_o and_o that_o the_o most_o part_n of_o action_n which_o he_o believe_v to_o be_v without_o reason_n be_v make_v with_o a_o perfect_a ratiocination_n but_o he_o must_v observe_v that_o this_o ratiocination_n be_v of_o his_o imagination_n and_o not_o of_o understanding_n for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o in_o the_o most_o part_n of_o these_o action_n which_o he_o find_v in_o himself_o and_o in_o all_o the_o example_n he_o bring_v of_o those_o who_o be_v gowry_n or_o paralytical_a the_o imagination_n always_o reason_n after_o its_o own_o manner_n and_o form_n its_o ordinary_a discourse_n before_o the_o appetite_n be_v move_v so_o that_o we_o may_v employ_v for_o he_o and_o against_o he_o the_o reason_n he_o object_n against_o we_o and_o say_v that_o since_o bis_fw-la appetite_n which_o be_v like_a that_o of_o beast_n operate_v but_o in_o pursuit_n of_o the_o imagination_n reason_v it_o must_v be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o the_o appetite_n of_o beast_n and_o by_o a_o inversion_n of_o the_o same_o proof_n since_o we_o have_v show_v that_o the_o imagination_n of_o beast_n reason_n before_o the_o appetite_n be_v move_v it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o his_o reason_n also_o before_o his_o appetite_n move_v itself_o to_o any_o thing_n let_v he_o not_o wonder_v at_o the_o shortness_n of_o the_o time_n he_o employ_v therein_o he_o need_v none_o at_o all_o and_o if_o he_o will_v consider_v what_o we_o have_v before_o say_v he_o will_v know_v that_o the_o mind_n be_v far_o more_o ready_a and_o move_v far_o more_o nimble_o than_o he_o think_v and_o afterward_o without_o doubt_n he_o will_v see_v that_o he_o use_v precipitation_n when_o he_o object_v against_o we_o that_o reason_n oppose_v itself_o to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o appetite_n that_o this_o undertake_v thing_n which_o reason_n will_v not_o undertake_v and_o that_o beast_n must_v be_v more_o reasonable_a than_o man_n and_o their_o appetite_n must_v be_v whole_o subject_v to_o reason_n if_o they_o expect_v the_o judgement_n and_o the_o resolution_n from_o thence_o before_o they_o move_v themselves_o to_o any_o thing_n certain_o before_o all_o these_o reason_n be_v produce_v he_o ought_v mature_o to_o have_v examine_v whether_o they_o can_v serve_v to_o his_o cause_n for_o my_o part_n who_o judge_v they_o useless_a i_o willing_o grant_v they_o without_o any_o prejudice_n to_o i_o since_o the_o word_n reason_n which_o he_o use_v be_v to_o be_v understand_v but_o of_o humane_a and_o intellectual_a reason_n and_o not_o of_o the_o imagination_n wherein_o all_o our_o difference_n consist_v but_o it_o be_v to_o press_v a_o man_n too_o far_o who_o no_o long_o defend_v himself_o let_v we_o seek_v enemy_n elsewhere_o and_o go_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o first_o experience_n which_o we_o do_v produce_v to_o confirm_v our_o fundamental_a reason_n chap._n ii_o examination_n of_o the_o objection_n m._n c._n have_v make_v against_o the_o first_o of_o our_o experience_n it_o import_v that_o a_o dog_n which_o will_v take_v a_o thing_n hang_v up_o on_o high_a consist_v wherein_o reason_n consist_v whereto_o he_o can_v attain_v after_o have_v observe_v a_o elevate_a place_n whereby_o he_o may_v rise_v on_o another_o and_o from_o thence_o catch_v the_o thing_n he_o desire_v ought_v necessary_o assemble_v the_o phantasm_n of_o the_o place_n where_o he_o be_v with_o that_o of_o the_o first_o step_n and_z and_z that_o with_o the_o latter_a and_o the_o latter_a with_o the_o thing_n he_o will_v have_v and_o that_o all_o this_o will_v be_v useless_a to_o he_o unless_o he_o reassembled_a the_o first_o notion_n which_o he_o have_v find_v with_o the_o last_o since_o its_o that_o which_o make_v he_o judge_v that_o the_o thing_n which_o he_o do_v believe_v impossible_a be_v no_o long_o so_o i_o have_v almost_o a_o mind_n to_o grant_v m._n c._n all_o that_o he_o here_o object_n against_o i_o for_o beside_o some_o few_o line_n there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o three_o great_a page_n which_o he_o employ_v to_o confute_v what_o i_o have_v say_v which_o stagger_v the_o opinion_n i_o hold_v and_o i_o even_o believe_v that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o inconvenience_n he_o find_v therein_o can_v pass_v for_o new_a proof_n to_o confirm_v it_o in_o effect_v what_o absurdity_n be_v there_o that_o a_o man_n 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as_o a_o absurdity_n that_o the_o mason_n must_v make_v as_o many_o syllogism_n as_o there_o be_v step_n of_o the_o ladder_n wherein_o ratiocination_n consist_v and_o what_o the_o action_n be_v which_o the_o soul_n do_v in_o reason_v certain_o as_o two_o simple_a notion_n make_v not_o a_o proposition_n and_o pass_v but_o for_o the_o fiâ—st_a operation_n of_o the_o understanding_n which_o be_v redouble_v two_o proposition_n likewise_o make_v not_o a_o syllogism_n and_o can_v pass_v but_o for_o a_o second_o operation_n which_o be_v repeat_v and_o as_o many_o proposition_n as_o shall_v be_v add_v a_o fresh_a will_v be_v but_o so_o many_o repetition_n of_o the_o same_o operation_n and_o will_v never_o take_v the_o nature_n and_o the_o form_n of_o a_o syllogism_n if_o that_o which_o make_v the_o difference_n of_o the_o three_o operation_n with_o the_o second_o do_v not_o encounter_v now_o since_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o syllogism_n which_o distinguish_v it_o from_o all_o other_o 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consist_v which_o we_o seek_v for_o the_o same_o inconvenience_n which_o be_v find_v in_o the_o illation_n be_v herein_o to_o be_v encounter_v since_o conditional_a proposition_n as_o well_o mark_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o consequence_n and_o of_o the_o conjunction_n of_o term_n with_o the_o syllogism_n since_o that_o in_o say_v if_o man_n be_v reasonable_a he_o must_v be_v visible_a a_o man_n pretend_v to_o show_v that_o he_o be_v visible_a because_o he_o be_v reasonable_a now_o if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o one_o proposition_n have_v that_o of_o common_a with_o ratiocination_n to_o mark_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o conjunction_n of_o term_n its_o certain_a that_o it_o be_v not_o therein_o wherein_o we_o ought_v to_o find_v the_o difference_n which_o distinguish_v ratiocination_n from_o the_o second_o operation_n of_o the_o understanding_n add_v that_o if_o the_o word_n then_o design_v the_o cause_n only_o it_o will_v not_o make_v a_o action_n as_o we_o have_v say_v it_o be_v necessary_a 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effect_n let_v a_o man_n make_v a_o gradation_n of_o as_o many_o proposition_n as_o he_o please_v and_o for_o example_n sake_n let_v it_o be_v of_o these_o five_o as_o this_o be_v 1._o peter_n be_v a_o man_n 2._o man_n be_v a_o animal_n 3._o a_o animal_n be_v a_o body_n 4._o the_o body_n be_v a_o substance_n 5._o then_o peter_n be_v a_o substance_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o four_o first_o have_v not_o the_o form_n of_o a_o discourse_n because_o the_o soul_n go_v outright_o and_o pass_v direct_o from_o the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o but_o when_o it_o come_v to_o return_v on_o its_o first_o notion_n and_o that_o it_o unite_v it_o with_o the_o last_o than_o it_o make_v the_o five_o proposition_n wherein_o it_o employ_v the_o word_n then_o which_o will_v be_v useless_a in_o all_o the_o precedent_n and_o give_v to_o all_o the_o gradation_n the_o form_n of_o discourse_n the_o same_o thing_n make_v in_o all_o caregorick_a syllogism_n unless_o the_o understanding_n join_v as_o here_o it_o do_v the_o first_o with_o the_o last_o but_o sometime_o it_o join_v the_o three_o with_o the_o second_o or_o the_o second_o with_o the_o three_o as_o in_o the_o first_o figure_n sometime_o the_o three_o with_o the_o first_o as_o in_o the_o second_o figure_n sometime_o the_o four_o with_o the_o second_o as_o in_o the_o three_o figure_n for_o example_n in_o these_o two_o proposition_n man_n be_v reasonable_a peter_n be_v a_o man_n there_o be_v four_o notion_n and_o to_o draw_v a_o conclusion_n the_o understanding_n join_v peter_n which_o be_v the_o three_o notion_n with_o reasonable_a which_o be_v the_o second_o and_o conclude_v then_o peter_n be_v reasonable_a so_o in_o the_o three_o figure_n all_o man_n be_v reasonable_a some_o man_n be_v fool_n the_o understanding_n join_v fool_n which_o be_v the_o four_o notion_n with_o reasonable_a which_o be_v the_o second_o and_o conclude_v than_o some_o fool_n be_v reasonable_a and_o so_o of_o the_o rest_n but_o however_o this_o collection_n be_v make_v it_o be_v always_o true_a that_o the_o soul_n make_v a_o return_n on_o its_o first_o notion_n and_o this_o return_n make_v not_o only_o the_o last_o proposition_n where_o the_o soul_n stop_v and_o repose_v itself_o but_o also_o it_o bind_v together_o the_o term_n which_o be_v scatter_v and_o divide_v in_o the_o precedent_n so_o that_o we_o may_v say_v the_o soul_n make_v a_o circle_n when_o she_o discourse_v and_o move_v conformable_o to_o her_o nature_n since_o the_o circular_a motion_n be_v most_o perfect_a of_o all_o and_o which_o belong_v to_o the_o most_o excellent_a thing_n this_o return_n therefore_o be_v the_o motion_n which_o proper_o make_v discourse_n and_o which_o distinguish_v it_o from_o all_o the_o other_o action_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o which_o the_o term_n then_o ought_v to_o design_n let_v it_o not_o be_v object_v against_o we_o that_o aristotle_n put_v not_o the_o conclusion_n for_o any_o part_n of_o the_o syllogism_n and_o then_o to_o this_o return_n which_o be_v only_o find_v in_o the_o conclusion_n be_v not_o that_o which_o form_n the_o discourse_n for_o aristotle_n consider_v the_o syllogism_n as_o a_o logician_n as_o the_o instrument_n whereby_o we_o attain_v knowledge_n in_o which_o case_n the_o conclusion_n be_v only_o the_o effect_n thereof_o and_o not_o as_o a_o physician_n as_o a_o operation_n of_o the_o soul_n distinct_a from_o the_o two_o other_o when_o he_o speak_v of_o it_o also_o in_o his_o physics_n he_o express_o say_v that_o the_o major_a and_o the_o minor_a serve_v for_o its_o matter_n and_o consequent_o the_o conclusion_n of_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o form_n and_o the_o principal_a part_n and_o certain_o as_o the_o return_n of_o the_o soul_n principal_o appear_v in_o the_o conclusion_n for_o which_o reason_n it_o have_v be_v call_v the_o form_n of_o the_o syllogism_n since_o the_o nature_n
of_o discourse_n consist_v in_o this_o motion_n but_o also_o as_o by_o this_o return_n the_o soul_n retake_v the_o term_n of_o the_o first_o proposition_n we_o may_v say_v that_o the_o form_n of_o the_o syllogism_n be_v shed_v abroad_o through_o they_o and_o that_o in_o that_o sense_n it_o must_v be_v consider_v as_o a_o whole_a every_o proposition_n whereof_o make_v a_o integral_a part_n without_o which_o it_o can_v be_v entire_a and_o perfect_a reflection_n the_o return_n of_o the_o imagination_n be_v not_o a_o reflection_n yet_o must_v we_o not_o abuse_v ourselves_o on_o the_o word_n return_v as_o i_o perceive_v most_o man_n have_v do_v who_o take_v it_o for_o a_o reflection_n for_o this_o to_o speak_v proper_o be_v make_v when_o the_o faculty_n reflect_v on_o itself_o and_o on_o its_o proper_a action_n consider_v they_o separate_v from_o their_o subject_n and_o it_o be_v certain_a the_o understanding_n only_o can_v make_v this_o kind_n of_o reflection_n because_o it_o can_v be_v 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will_v not_o make_v so_o many_o leap_v and_o so_o many_o unprofitable_a endeavour_n and_o will_v not_o strive_v to_o take_v what_o the_o most_o stupid_a reason_n will_v show_v he_o be_v too_o much_o elevate_v and_o thence_o he_o conclude_v that_o it_o be_v not_o reason_n which_o carry_v he_o to_o it_o but_o it_o be_v the_o object_n which_o draw_v he_o and_o which_o move_v his_o spirit_n as_o we_o shall_v hereafter_o have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v of_o this_o possibility_n i_o shall_v only_o here_o say_v that_o beast_n as_o well_o as_o man_n often_o deceive_v themselves_o in_o the_o judgement_n which_o they_o make_v and_o that_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o do_v figure_n to_o themselves_o thing_n to_o be_v possible_a which_o be_v not_o so_o at_o all_o but_o this_o hinder_v not_o but_o that_o before_o they_o be_v undertake_v they_o make_v a_o judgement_n of_o it_o how_o false_a or_o deceitful_a soever_o it_o may_v be_v as_o we_o shall_v show_v so_o that_o this_o ought_v not_o to_o oblige_v m_n c._n in_o so_o extravagant_a a_o opinion_n contrary_a to_o all_o the_o maxim_n of_o philosophy_n as_o that_o be_v which_o he_o seem_v to_o endeavour_v to_o defend_v when_o he_o say_v that_o the_o object_n draw_v the_o appetite_n and_o move_v the_o spirit_n for_o although_o this_o may_v be_v apply_v to_o a_o moral_a attraction_n as_o we_o speak_v in_o the_o school_n and_o such_o a_o one_o as_o the_o good_a and_o the_o end_n be_v accustom_v to_o make_v yet_o in_o other_o encounter_v he_o well_o observe_v that_o he_o understand_v a_o physical_a attraction_n since_o he_o assure_v that_o the_o object_n have_v a_o adamantine_a quality_n which_o suppose_v a_o action_n of_o that_o kind_n i_o will_v not_o therefore_o insist_v thereupon_o see_v he_o will_v not_o clear_o make_v it_o appear_v what_o he_o think_v thereupon_o let_v we_o therefore_o follow_v he_o another_o way_n and_o see_v what_o endeavour_n he_o will_v make_v against_o the_o craft_n which_o beast_n use_v in_o 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or_o welsh_a he_o can_v find_v no_o equivoke_v in_o they_o after_o all_o if_o there_o be_v any_o m._n c._n shall_v have_v put_v they_o by_o and_o afterward_o have_v discover_v the_o weakness_n of_o the_o reason_n which_o i_o have_v hide_v as_o he_o feign_v under_o the_o ambiguity_n of_o those_o two_o term_n it_o also_o belong_v to_o he_o to_o propose_v some_o of_o those_o slight_n even_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v choose_v among_o they_o all_o that_o which_o to_o he_o seem_v most_o advantageous_a to_o i_o that_o demonstrate_v that_o discourse_n have_v no_o share_n in_o it_o he_o may_v render_v my_o reason_n useless_a in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o think_v himself_o sufficient_o shelter_v in_o say_v that_o if_o i_o have_v design_v any_o one_o of_o these_o slight_n in_o particular_a he_o will_v have_v endeavour_v to_o have_v explicate_v they_o but_o what_o since_o i_o design_v they_o all_o be_v it_o necessary_a for_o i_o to_o mark_v any_o in_o particular_a and_o since_o i_o except_v none_o ought_v he_o not_o to_o have_v judge_v that_o i_o do_v not_o believe_v there_o be_v any_o which_o do_v not_o serve_v for_o my_o cause_n and_o that_o the_o first_o of_o they_o which_o he_o shall_v have_v defeat_v will_v have_v render_v my_o objection_n vain_a and_o deficient_a true_o this_o make_v i_o remember_v those_o fanfawor_n to_o who_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o combat_n be_v offer_v and_o which_o afterward_o excuse_v themselves_o on_o this_o that_o that_o of_o the_o sword_n they_o be_v not_o design_v to_o wherein_o they_o vaunt_v they_o will_v have_v wrought_v wonder_n for_o my_o part_n i_o know_v not_o what_o there_o will_v have_v be_v which_o m._n c._n will_v have_v make_v in_o a_o particular_a examen_fw-la but_o i_o can_v say_v that_o in_o general_n he_o have_v wrought_v no_o great_a one_o and_o that_o when_o he_o content_v himself_o to_o assure_v we_o in_o gross_a that_o of_o all_o those_o slight_n some_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o instinct_n and_o other_o of_o memory_n and_o custom_n there_o be_v nothing_o therein_o wonderful_a unless_o he_o forget_v some_o which_o be_v neither_o make_v by_o instinct_n memory_n nor_o custom_n and_o that_o notwithstanding_o his_o induction_n be_v not_o complete_a yet_o he_o forbear_v not_o to_o draw_v a_o universal_a conclusion_n for_o set_v aside_o that_o instinct_n memory_n and_o custom_n do_v not_o exclude_v reason_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v hereafter_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o old_a hare_n and_o fox_n be_v more_o wily_a than_o the_o young_a one_o and_o consequent_o they_o have_v particular_a wile_n which_o they_o have_v learn_v from_o themselves_o and_o which_o can_v come_v from_o instinct_n since_o instinct_n be_v a_o thing_n which_o be_v natural_a and_o common_a to_o all_o the_o species_n this_o be_v suppose_v when_o they_o first_o of_o all_o use_n these_o wile_n it_o be_v neither_o by_o custom_n nor_o memory_n see_v as_o yet_o they_o never_o have_v make_v use_n of_o they_o and_o that_o we_o can_v accustom_v ourselves_o to_o action_n which_o we_o never_o do_v neither_o can_v we_o remember_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v quite_o new_a we_o must_v then_o say_v that_o they_o come_v from_o elsewhere_o and_o that_o they_o have_v no_o other_o form_n but_o reason_n since_o its_o only_a she_o to_o who_o it_o alone_o can_v be_v relate_v chap._n iu._n the_o examen_fw-la of_o what_o m._n c._n have_v say_v against_o our_o three_o experience_n draw_v from_o the_o custom_n and_o the_o instruction_n of_o beast_n time_n of_o the_o knowledge_n of_o time_n as_o the_o last_o of_o our_o experience_n which_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o instruction_n and_o from_o the_o custom_n furnish_v we_o with_o a_o most_o powerful_a proof_n of_o the_o reason_n of_o beast_n it_o have_v oblige_v m._n c._n to_o form_n as_o it_o be_v a_o new_a body_n of_o
a_o army_n to_o combat_v it_o and_o to_o afford_v it_o a_o whole_a chapter_n for_o the_o pitch_a field_n let_v we_o therefore_o a_o while_n observe_v these_o new_a enemy_n and_o first_o of_o all_o i_o see_v m.c._n send_v forth_o his_o forlorn-hope_a i_o call_v all_o that_o part_n so_o which_o he_o have_v say_v concern_v custom_n in_o the_o page_n 145_o and_o 146._o which_o nothing_o concern_v the_o question_n in_o debate_n and_o after_o several_a feign_v which_o he_o make_v to_o baffle_v what_o we_o have_v demonstrate_v concern_v the_o production_n and_o union_n of_o image_n at_o last_o he_o come_v to_o the_o assault_n and_o pretend_v to_o show_v that_o the_o imagination_n have_v no_o knowledge_n at_o all_o of_o thing_n past_a present_a and_o to_o come_v whereupon_o be_v ground_v all_o the_o strength_n of_o his_o reason_n in_o effect_n he_o well_o foresee_v that_o if_o he_o grant_v that_o the_o presence_n of_o some_o object_n make_v some_o beast_n remember_v past_a thing_n and_o make_v they_o expect_v the_o like_a from_o thence_o to_o come_v he_o will_v be_v oblige_v to_o confess_v that_o they_o reason_n as_o we_o may_v judge_v by_o what_o he_o have_v say_v of_o fear_n p._n 155._o for_o which_o cause_n he_o bold_o deny_v it_o to_o be_v true_a and_o make_v all_o his_o endeavour_n to_o prove_v that_o the_o imagination_n know_v no_o difference_n of_o time_n but_o to_o what_o purpose_n serve_v all_o these_o reason_n if_o the_o experience_n we_o have_v produce_v convince_v they_o of_o error_n all_o the_o world_n know_v and_o all_o the_o world_n see_v that_o beast_n hope_v that_o they_o fear_v that_o they_o desire_v and_o consequent_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o they_o must_v know_v future_a thing_n since_o all_o these_o passion_n be_v move_v only_o by_o the_o good_a or_o ill_n which_o be_v to_o come_v now_o if_o this_o be_v so_o it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o labour_v to_o show_v that_o they_o can_v know_v no_o difference_n of_o time_n wherefore_o before_o we_o examine_v what_o he_o have_v produce_v to_o prove_v this_o proposition_n we_o must_v see_v what_o he_o oppose_v to_o this_o experience_n and_o what_o address_n he_o use_v to_o withdraw_v himself_o from_o so_o ill_a a_o pass_n beast_n hope_v for_o thing_n to_o come_v first_o he_o accuse_v i_o not_o to_o speak_v wholesome_o when_o i_o say_v that_o beast_n hope_v because_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o write_v that_o to_o speak_v wholesome_o there_o be_v none_o but_o man_n do_v hope_n and_o that_o all_o other_o animal_n have_v but_o a_o shadow_n of_o hope_n as_o well_o as_o of_o reason_n whence_o he_o conclude_v that_o since_o that_o time_n the_o action_n of_o beast_n have_v not_o change_v their_o nature_n and_o that_o it_o do_v not_o become_v a_o philosopher_n to_o make_v that_o pass_n for_o a_o truth_n which_o be_v so_o only_o in_o shadow_n and_o appearance_n certain_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o judge_v by_o this_o answer_n that_o m._n c._n be_v very_o much_o puzzle_v here_o and_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o destroy_v the_o hope_n of_o beast_n he_o will_v charge_v his_o fable_n upon_o the_o reader_n and_o withdraw_v himself_o from_o the_o danger_n by_o make_v use_n of_o my_o word_n but_o without_o reproach_v he_o as_o he_o have_v do_v i_o that_o this_o kind_n of_o proceed_v be_v not_o become_v a_o man_n who_o seek_v the_o truth_n and_o that_o it_o smell_v more_o of_o the_o sophister_n then_o of_o the_o philosopher_n he_o will_v give_v i_o leave_v to_o say_v that_o what_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o write_v on_o the_o same_o subject_n be_v not_o here_o to_o be_v bring_v in_o question_n in_o which_o happy_o i_o may_v have_v be_v deceive_v but_o to_o know_v whether_o it_o be_v true_a that_o beast_n hope_v for_o if_o it_o be_v so_o they_o must_v hope_v for_o the_o good_a to_o come_v and_o know_v future_a thing_n .._o be_v i_o he_o alone_o who_o hold_v this_o opinion_n perhaps_o the_o contradiction_n which_o m._n c._n observe_v in_o my_o word_n may_v render_v it_o suspicious_a but_o aristotle_n st_n thomas_n in_o a_o word_n all_o the_o school_n be_v of_o that_o opinion_n and_o there_o be_v no_o philosopher_n of_o esteem_n who_o acknowledge_v not_o hope_n to_o be_v in_o beast_n &_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o future_a in_o hope_n even_o m_o c._n can_v but_o be_v of_o that_o opinion_n 40._o 9_o hist_o 1._o 1._o 2._o q._n 40._o since_o he_o believe_v beast_n be_v capable_a of_o desire_n for_o hope_n be_v only_o different_a from_o desire_n by_o the_o difficulty_n we_o figure_v of_o obtain_v the_o good_a which_o we_o have_v not_o now_o beast_n may_v desire_v a_o good_a which_o they_o may_v judge_v difficult_a to_o obtain_v and_o consequent_o may_v hope_v for_o it_o m._n c._n must_v therefore_o confess_v the_o truth_n of_o this_o experience_n or_o prepare_v another_o answer_n then_o what_o he_o have_v produce_v since_o it_o satisfy_v not_o the_o common_a opinion_n which_o have_v no_o interest_n in_o the_o contradiction_n which_o he_o have_v find_v in_o my_o writing_n but_o shall_v m._n c._n possible_o have_v believe_v that_o true_a which_o i_o say_v in_o another_o place_n in_o the_o elegy_n of_o hope_n be_v contrary_a to_o what_o i_o here_o affirm_v do_v he_o not_o observe_v that_o it_o be_v a_o rhetorical_a discourse_n wherein_o we_o give_v more_o liberty_n to_o word_n and_o wherein_o term_n keep_v not_o to_o that_o severity_n which_o dogmatical_a discourse_n require_v but_o what_o if_o he_o have_v say_v that_o to_o speak_v sober_o true_a philosopher_n only_a reason_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o man_n have_v but_o a_o shadow_n of_o ratiocination_n have_v he_o not_o make_v a_o proposition_n which_o in_o some_o sense_n be_v most_o true_a and_o will_v he_o not_o just_o have_v deride_v those_o who_o from_o thence_o will_v have_v induce_v that_o other_o man_n do_v not_o reason_n do_v he_o believe_v that_o when_o plato_n assert_n that_o all_o what_o be_v here_o below_o be_v but_o the_o shadow_n of_o thing_n which_o be_v in_o their_o idea_n do_v he_o then_o belâ—eve_v there_o be_v nothing_o real_a or_o true_a they_o be_v way_n of_o speak_v which_o all_o language_n have_v use_v to_o observe_v how_o some_o thing_n be_v estrange_v from_o the_o perfection_n of_o other_o and_o it_o be_v to_o deprive_v they_o of_o their_o fair_a ornament_n and_o of_o their_o most_o splendent_a light_n to_o take_v away_o from_o they_o their_o shadow_n and_o their_o figure_n when_o i_o therefore_o affirm_v that_o man_n only_o do_v hope_n and_o that_o beast_n have_v but_o a_o shadow_n of_o hope_n i_o mean_v nothing_o else_o but_o that_o human_a hope_n be_v more_o noble_a and_o more_o elevate_v then_o that_o of_o beast_n and_o that_o in_o comparison_n of_o that_o the_o other_o be_v so_o base_a and_o imperfect_a that_o it_o do_v not_o seem_v to_o deserve_v the_o name_n of_o hope_n and_o have_v only_o the_o appearance_n and_o figure_n of_o it_o but_o from_o thence_o to_o conclude_v that_o i_o be_v fall_v into_o a_o contradiction_n when_o i_o elsewhere_o say_v that_o they_o do_v hope_n he_o must_v either_o be_v a_o very_a ill_a frenchman_n or_o a_o very_a ill_a logician_n beast_n fear_v the_o evil_a to_o come_v for_o what_o concern_v fear_n there_o be_v no_o great_a difficulty_n as_o m_n c._n say_v there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o it_o the_o one_o in_o effect_n be_v a_o ratiocination_n and_o a_o consideration_n of_o what_o be_v not_o present_a to_o our_o sense_n but_o which_o we_o infer_v aught_o to_o happen_v unto_o we_o this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o beast_n but_o there_o be_v another_o which_o we_o call_v proper_o fear_v or_o fright_v of_o which_o all_o beast_n be_v capable_a and_o must_v not_o therefore_o know_v what_o be_v to_o come_v for_o we_o be_v fright_v with_o present_a object_n and_o even_o with_o those_o which_o be_v past_a so_o as_o the_o image_n be_v present_a i_o shall_v with_o m.c._n acknowledge_v then_o two_o sort_n of_o fear_n and_o i_o hope_v elsewhere_o to_o speak_v more_o full_o of_o they_o then_o i_o can_v do_v here_o but_o i_o do_v not_o mean_a to_o distinguish_v they_o as_o he_o do_v and_o to_o exclude_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o future_a from_o none_o of_o they_o because_o it_o be_v to_o destroy_v they_o and_o confound_v several_a passion_n in_o one_o in_o effect_n be_v the_o evil_a present_a there_o will_v be_v no_o fear_n it_o will_v be_v grief_n consternation_n or_o such_o like_a and_o m._n c._n of_o necessity_n must_v take_v frightfulness_n for_o a_o kind_n or_o species_n of_o fear_n which_o it_o participate_v to_o all_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o gender_n now_o fear_v in_o general_n suppose_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o evil_a to_o come_v as_o all_o our_o master_n and_o all_o our_o book_n teach_v we_o and_o consequent_o
that_o they_o be_v serviceable_a to_o knowledge_n they_o have_v reason_n to_o doubt_v of_o all_o the_o surplusage_n which_o concern_v they_o i_o will_v fain_o ask_v m._n c._n how_o he_o conceive_v that_o motion_n be_v represent_v by_o the_o image_n which_o be_v preserve_v thereof_o in_o the_o memory_n and_o how_o a_o thing_n which_o be_v fix_v and_o permanent_a can_v express_v another_o which_o have_v nothing_o that_o be_v stable_a and_o be_v in_o a_o continual_a flux_n for_o my_o part_n i_o find_v it_o as_o difficult_a to_o comprehend_v how_o time_n may_v be_v represent_v by_o any_o image_n and_o if_o m._n c._n grant_v that_o there_o be_v one_o of_o motion_n although_o he_o know_v not_o how_o it_o may_v be_v represent_v he_o know_v not_o why_o he_o say_v that_o there_o be_v none_o of_o time_n because_o according_a to_o his_o opinion_n none_o can_v represent_v it_o for_o there_o be_v a_o equal_a reason_n either_o to_o receive_v they_o for_o the_o one_o and_o for_o the_o other_o on_o what_o we_o experiment_n that_o the_o imagination_n know_v they_o both_o or_o to_o refuse_v they_o on_o this_o that_o we_o know_v not_o how_o to_o represent_v they_o but_o we_o be_v more_o near_o to_o examine_v m._n c._n reason_n otherwise_o he_o will_v believe_v we_o mean_v to_o baffle_v he_o with_o these_o subtlety_n and_o according_a to_o his_o custom_n he_o may_v brag_v we_o have_v not_o answer_v they_o what_o cause_n soever_o we_o have_v not_o to_o stop_v there_o for_o the_o reason_n we_o have_v already_o give_v the_o imagination_n may_v know_v the_o time_n past_a m_o c_n first_o reason_n be_v that_o the_o imagination_n know_v the_o absent_a ill_a without_o discern_v that_o it_o be_v absent_a because_o absence_n have_v no_o image_n no_o more_o than_o other_o privation_n and_o so_o the_o memory_n be_v unable_a to_o represent_v they_o the_o imagination_n which_o be_v a_o material_a faculty_n can_v know_v it_o there_o be_v several_a way_n to_o answer_v this_o objection_n first_o m._n c_o confoud_v here_o the_o past_a ill_a with_o the_o absent_a ill_n although_o they_o be_v two_o different_a thing_n see_v there_o be_v absent_a ill_n which_o be_v not_o past_a and_o if_o we_o apply_v these_o word_n to_o time_n as_o m.c._n do_v it_o be_v still_o certain_a that_o to_o be_v absent_a make_v not_o the_o difference_n essential_a of_o the_o time_n past_a because_o the_o absence_n be_v a_o privation_n which_o can_v enter_v into_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o real_a thing_n such_o as_o time_n be_v and_o therefore_o the_o time_n past_a be_v not_o past_a in_o that_o it_o be_v absent_a but_o its_o absent_a for_o that_o its_o past_a whence_o you_o may_v judge_v that_o the_o absence_n be_v but_o a_o accident_n which_o happen_v to_o time_n and_o that_o consequent_o the_o imagination_n may_v know_v the_o time_n past_a without_o know_v it_o to_o be_v absent_a since_o the_o time_n past_a be_v to_o be_v know_v by_o its_o true_a difference_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v real_a and_o not_o privative_a but_o it_o may_v be_v demand_v what_o the_o difference_n be_v which_o may_v come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o imagination_n certain_o if_o time_n be_v the_o successive_a durance_n of_o motion_n or_o to_o observe_v the_o term_n of_o the_o school_n if_o it_o be_v the_o number_n and_o distinction_n of_o the_o part_n of_o motion_n as_o that_o some_o flow_v before_o and_o other_o afterward_o its_o certain_a that_o the_o number_n of_o the_o part_n of_o motion_n which_o flow_v first_o make_v the_o difference_n of_o the_o time_n past_a now_o there_o be_v nothing_o herein_o which_o the_o imagination_n may_v not_o know_v for_o the_o distinction_n and_o the_o effective_a number_n of_o thing_n which_o be_v sensible_a may_v be_v know_v by_o the_o sense_n so_o the_o sense_n may_v know_v three_o man_n three_o horse_n because_o man_n and_o horse_n be_v sensible_a thing_n if_o it_o be_v therefore_o true_a that_o motion_n be_v sensible_a as_o m._n c._n avow_v the_o number_n of_o motion_n ought_v to_o be_v so_o too_o and_o if_o the_o sense_n can_v know_v the_o motion_n without_o know_v the_o precedent_a part_n because_o motion_n speak_v succession_n and_o who_o speak_v succession_n suppose_v something_o which_o precede_v of_o necessity_n the_o sense_n must_v know_v the_o part_n which_o have_v fly_v and_o must_v therefore_o know_v the_o number_n of_o the_o part_n of_o motion_n which_o do_v flow_v before_o the_o rest_n now_o this_o be_v to_o know_v the_o time_n past_a without_o doubt_n m.c._n do_v not_o consider_v the_o wrong_n he_o do_v his_o own_o cause_n when_o the_o truth_n force_v he_o to_o confess_v that_o sense_n know_v motion_n neither_o do_v he_o foresee_v the_o reason_n and_o the_o consequence_n which_o we_o have_v now_o draw_v from_o thence_o but_o to_o give_v he_o satisfaction_n in_o some_o other_o thing_n i_o shall_v grant_v he_o that_o absence_n be_v a_o privation_n and_o a_o negation_n of_o a_o be_v so_o as_o he_o will_v remember_v the_o distinction_n we_o produce_v pag._n 72._o where_o we_o say_v there_o be_v direct_v and_o oblique_a negation_n for_o by_o this_o mean_v we_o may_v both_o be_v satisfy_v he_o to_o find_v the_o proposition_n which_o he_o have_v produce_v to_o be_v true_a for_o direct_v negation_n which_o can_v be_v know_v by_o the_o imagination_n and_o i_o to_o have_v show_v that_o oblique_a negation_n may_v at_o least_o by_o accident_n be_v thereby_o know_v thus_o we_o may_v together_o judge_v that_o the_o imagination_n know_v not_o the_o absence_n and_o the_o privation_n which_o happen_v to_o time_n past_a but_o it_o know_v the_o time_n pass_v deprive_v of_o the_o absent_a thing_n to_o wit_n of_o the_o time_n present_a and_o that_o by_o separate_v the_o image_n of_o the_o present_a with_o that_o of_o the_o time_n which_o be_v run_v away_o it_o by_o accident_n know_v that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o this_o separation_n that_o the_o time_n past_a be_v distinct_a and_o separate_a from_o the_o present_a and_o that_o consequent_o it_o be_v not_o present_a that_o in_o fine_a it_o form_v a_o image_n of_o that_o oblique_a absence_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o separation_n be_v a_o modification_n of_o the_o image_n and_o that_o this_o modification_n pass_v for_o a_o image_n since_o it_o represent_v the_o thing_n separate_v as_o we_o have_v more_o ample_o show_v in_o the_o 73_o and_o 74_o page_n m._n c's_o second_o be_v that_o the_o difference_n of_o time_n as_o abstract_v or_o join_v with_o the_o thing_n have_v no_o material_a image_n which_o can_v represent_v they_o to_o the_o imagination_n and_o that_o as_o a_o man_n can_v never_o say_v that_o the_o eye_n see_v a_o soul_n although_o join_v with_o the_o body_n because_o the_o soul_n have_v no_o image_n to_o join_v with_o that_o of_o the_o body_n it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o difference_n of_o time_n all_o this_o discourse_n be_v but_o a_o paralogism_n which_o suppose_v what_o be_v in_o question_n and_o compare_v thing_n which_o be_v of_o several_a gender_n and_o have_v nothing_o common_a among_o they_o the_o difference_n of_o time_n be_v sensible_a since_o motion_n be_v sensible_a and_o that_o the_o number_n of_o thing_n which_o be_v sensible_a be_v also_o sensible_a now_o the_o number_n of_o motion_n make_v the_o difference_n of_o time_n and_o therefore_o the_o difference_n of_o time_n be_v sensible_a and_o consequent_o they_o have_v material_a image_n since_o they_o can_v be_v sensible_a without_o have_v some_o kind_n of_o image_n so_o that_o the_o soul_n which_o be_v not_o sensible_a ought_v not_o nor_o can_v be_v compare_v with_o the_o difference_n of_o time_n which_o be_v sensible_a and_o m._n c._n can_v thereupon_o conclude_v nothing_o the_o imagination_n may_v know_v the_o time_n to_o come_v the_o three_o be_v particular_a for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v for_o it_o import_v that_o if_o the_o imagination_n know_v not_o the_o difference_n of_o time_n but_o when_o then_o be_v conjunctive_a with_o the_o thing_n its_o impossible_a it_o shall_v know_v the_o time_n to_o come_v since_o it_o can_v know_v with_o what_o thing_n it_o be_v to_o be_v conjoin_v for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v present_a and_o if_o it_o be_v present_a the_o time_n to_o be_v conjoin_v to_o it_o must_v also_o be_v present_a be_v not_o therefore_o present_a it_o can_v furnish_v no_o image_n neither_o to_o the_o memory_n nor_o to_o the_o imagination_n observe_v this_o for_o another_o paralogism_n which_o be_v ground_v on_o the_o word_n thing_n which_o m._n c._n understand_v of_o the_o material_a &_o exterior_a object_n instead_o that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o formal_a object_n that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o the_o image_n or_o of_o the_o thing_n represent_v for_o when_o we_o say_v we_o know_v the_o difference_n of_o time_n conjoin_v
we_o may_v say_v that_o there_o be_v no_o body_n which_o have_v not_o place_v time_n among_o sensible_a object_n although_o no_o body_n have_v place_v it_o for_o a_o gender_n among_o sensible_a object_n as_o for_o the_o second_o aristotle_n need_v not_o to_o convince_v those_o by_o sense_n who_o deny_v the_o existence_n of_o the_o time_n present_a since_o he_o believe_v it_o no_o more_o than_o they_o do_v and_o it_o be_v from_o he_o that_o we_o have_v learn_v that_o in_o time_n there_o be_v nothing_o present_a but_o a_o indivisible_a moment_n which_o be_v not_o true_o time_n for_o as_o for_o the_o past_a time_n and_o the_o time_n to_o come_v there_o never_o be_v any_o philosopher_n which_o have_v not_o acknowledge_v they_o and_o there_o be_v therefore_o no_o need_n to_o convince_v they_o by_o the_o sense_n of_o a_o truth_n on_o which_o they_o be_v all_o agree_v and_o although_o aristotle_n propose_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o discourse_n he_o make_v reason_n to_o prove_v that_o time_n be_v nothing_o yet_o be_v they_o not_o so_o to_o be_v take_v for_o proof_n whereon_o some_o have_v ground_v their_o beleif_n but_o for_o doubt_n which_o be_v usual_o make_v before_o the_o truth_n of_o thing_n be_v establish_v as_o his_o own_o proper_a term_n witness_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d after_o all_o have_v there_o be_v man_n extravagant_a enough_o to_o have_v have_v that_o thought_n and_o that_o this_o great_a man_n have_v not_o by_o sense_n convince_v they_o it_o will_v not_o follow_v that_o time_n be_v not_o sensible_a and_o m._n c._n who_o be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o the_o law_n of_o logic_n know_v well_o that_o these_o kind_n of_o consequence_n be_v not_o receiveable_a that_o the_o imagination_n have_v image_n of_o which_o the_o sense_n give_v it_o no_o knowledge_n we_o must_v here_o forget_v a_o four_o reason_n produce_v by_o m.c._n against_o the_o time_n past_a although_o he_o have_v unloose_v it_o from_o the_o pursuit_n of_o the_o precedent_n he_o than_o say_v page_z 154._o that_o the_o sensitive_a memory_n have_v no_o image_n but_o those_o which_o it_o have_v receive_v by_o the_o sense_n when_o the_o object_n be_v present_a so_o that_o never_o have_v have_v any_o of_o the_o time_n when_o it_o be_v present_a it_o can_v get_v those_o of_o the_o future_a it_o be_v pity_v this_o reason_n shall_v not_o be_v good_a have_v so_o fair_a a_o appearance_n but_o by_o mischance_n it_o happen_v that_o all_o its_o proposition_n be_v false_a for_o for_o the_o first_o animal_n may_v remember_v dream_n and_o chimera_n which_o they_o form_v in_o their_o sleep_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o object_n and_o as_o they_o be_v different_a from_o the_o thing_n which_o the_o sense_n have_v represent_v unto_o they_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o memory_n wherein_o they_o preserve_v themselves_o have_v other_o image_n than_o those_o which_o it_o do_v receive_v by_o the_o sense_n when_o the_o object_n be_v present_a on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o modification_n of_o image_n which_o depend_v from_o the_o action_n of_o the_o imagination_n such_o as_o be_v union_n separation_n and_o the_o like_a be_v not_o furnish_v for_o the_o exterior_a sense_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o they_o form_v themselves_o in_o the_o absence_n of_o exterior_a object_n and_o afterward_o preserve_v themselves_o in_o the_o memory_n in_o fine_a beast_n remember_v whether_o thing_n be_v good_a or_o evil_n friend_n or_o foe_n although_o the_o sense_n have_v not_o furnish_v they_o with_o the_o knowledge_n hereof_o nor_o by_o consequence_n with_o the_o image_n by_o mean_n of_o which_o they_o shall_v know_v they_o and_o remember_v themselves_o to_o rectify_v therefore_o m._n c's_o proposition_n we_o must_v say_v that_o the_o memory_n have_v no_o image_n but_o those_o it_o have_v receive_v from_o the_o sense_n or_o from_o the_o imagination_n which_o may_v form_v they_o in_o the_o absence_n of_o object_n the_o sense_n contribute_v nothing_o thereunto_o but_o in_o this_o case_n his_o second_o proposition_n be_v absolute_o false_a and_o quite_o useless_a to_o our_o design_n for_o the_o memory_n may_v receive_v the_o image_n of_o the_o present_a time_n which_o the_o imagination_n may_v have_v form_v although_o even_o it_o be_v not_o true_a that_o sense_n know_v this_o difference_n of_o time_n thus_o the_o memory_n may_v have_v a_o image_n of_o the_o time_n past_a since_o the_o imagination_n furnish_v it_o with_o that_o of_o the_o present_a without_o doubt_n he_o will_v tell_v i_o that_o memory_n be_v only_o for_o past_a thing_n and_o therefore_o that_o the_o present_a have_v no_o place_n in_o it_o otherwise_o it_o must_v at_o once_o be_v present_a and_o past_a but_o there_o be_v no_o inconvenience_n therein_o since_o it_o be_v pass_v as_o to_o the_o exterior_a object_n and_o that_o it_o be_v present_a as_o to_o the_o representation_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o image_n of_o the_o thing_n which_o the_o imagination_n have_v know_v present_a enter_n into_o the_o memory_n with_o that_o circumstance_n of_o time_n and_o this_o now_o represent_v they_o as_o present_v although_o in_o effect_n they_o be_v pass_v and_o the_o soul_n must_v afterward_o add_v the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o time_n past_a to_o remember_v itself_o that_o they_o be_v pass_v byr_o we_o have_v sufficient_o clear_v these_o difficulty_n in_o our_o precedent_a discourse_n how_o the_o knowledge_n of_o time_n be_v reserve_v to_o the_o understanding_n there_o remain_v therefore_o nothing_o but_o the_o take_n away_o of_o one_o scruple_n which_o he_o have_v on_o what_o be_v say_v that_o the_o knowledge_n of_o time_n be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o subtle_a and_o most_o difficult_a that_o our_o soul_n be_v capable_a of_o and_o which_o for_o that_o cause_n it_o be_v always_o reserve_v to_o the_o understanding_n this_o ought_v not_o to_o stop_v he_o quite_o since_o he_o well_o know_v that_o the_o understanding_n subtilise_v on_o all_o the_o most_o sensible_a thing_n and_o that_o it_o consider_v they_o otherwise_o then_o the_o imagination_n can_v the_o entire_a and_o perfect_a knowledge_n of_o time_n comprehend_v many_o difficulty_n which_o can_v be_v decide_v but_o by_o it_o and_o after_o have_v learn_v of_o the_o sense_n that_o time_n be_v somewhat_o it_o be_v the_o only_a one_o that_o can_v explicate_v what_o it_o be_v and_o how_o far_o it_o can_v know_v it_o for_o you_o be_v not_o to_o imagine_v when_o we_o say_v that_o the_o imagination_n know_v the_o time_n to_o come_v that_o it_o know_v the_o future_a through_o all_o its_o extent_n nor_o all_o kind_n of_o thing_n which_o be_v to_o come_v this_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v but_o of_o those_o which_o the_o present_a object_n bring_v back_o to_o the_o memory_n and_o which_o she_o figure_v to_o herself_o ought_v quick_o to_o arrive_v as_o we_o may_v judge_v by_o the_o passion_n in_o which_o animal_n have_v need_n of_o this_o knowledge_n so_o when_o we_o assure_v that_o time_n be_v sensible_a we_o undertake_v not_o once_o the_o office_n or_o function_n of_o the_o understanding_n and_o to_o give_v to_o the_o sense_n this_o small_a knowledge_n we_o diminish_v neither_o the_o greatness_n nor_o the_o elevation_n it_o afford_v its_o own_o which_o we_o confess_v with_o m._n c._n to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o subtle_a and_o most_o difficult_a of_o which_o it_o be_v capable_a after_o this_o m.c._n conclude_v p._n 154._o that_o sense_n sufficient_o know_v the_o motion_n which_o be_v make_v in_o the_o present_a time_n but_o it_o know_v not_o the_o time_n wherein_o it_o be_v make_v otherwise_o there_o will_v be_v a_o sensible_a knowledge_n which_o can_v not_o be_v make_v by_o the_o entermixion_n of_o image_n 2._o that_o the_o image_n of_o what_o be_v pass_v be_v true_o preserve_v in_o the_o memory_n but_o that_o that_o represent_v not_o that_o it_o be_v no_o more_o because_o they_o can_v represent_v a_o negation_n of_o be_v that_o in_o fine_a its_o a_o certain_a mark_n that_o the_o imagination_n take_v no_o consideration_n of_o the_o time_n for_o that_o the_o image_n of_o a_o past_a ill_o produce_v the_o same_o effect_n upon_o it_o as_o if_o it_o be_v present_a although_o all_o this_o discourse_n be_v but_o a_o repetition_n of_o the_o reason_n which_o m._n c._n have_v here_o before_o propose_v and_o that_o we_o have_v already_o full_o answer_v they_o yet_o because_o he_o have_v often_o take_v my_o silence_n for_o a_o conviction_n and_o that_o he_o have_v believe_v in_o several_a place_n wherein_o i_o will_v not_o amuse_v myself_o for_o that_o they_o do_v not_o deserve_v a_o answer_n he_o have_v reduce_v i_o to_o a_o inability_n of_o answer_v he_o i_o must_v not_o stay_v here_o without_o a_o reply_n and_o i_o ought_v at_o least_o to_o make_v he_o remember_v case_n already_o judge_v for_o we_o have_v show_v 1._o that_o the_o imagination_n may_v form_v image_n
which_o the_o exterior_a sense_n can_v not_o furnish_v it_o withal_o that_o the_o knowledge_n which_o follow_v those_o image_n be_v sensible_a since_o it_o proceed_v from_o a_o sensitive_a faculty_n and_o therefore_o that_o there_o be_v no_o inconvenience_n that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o sensible_a knowledge_n which_o need_v not_o be_v from_o the_o intermission_n of_o species_n from_o without_o 2._o that_o the_o imagination_n may_v represent_v to_o itself_o oblique_a negation_n and_o that_o that_o be_v sufficient_a to_o know_v that_o the_o object_n be_v no_o more_o 3._o that_o all_o the_o difference_n of_o time_n be_v sensible_a and_o that_o even_o the_o present_n be_v so_o at_o least_o by_o accident_n whether_o this_o knowledge_n be_v proper_a to_o the_o internal_a sense_n or_o whether_o it_o be_v make_v by_o the_o exterior_a sense_n in_o fine_a that_o the_o image_n of_o several_a difference_n of_o time_n may_v be_v preserve_v together_o in_o the_o memory_n and_o that_o the_o imagination_n may_v consider_v they_o the_o one_o after_o the_o other_o that_o thus_o the_o past_a ill_n may_v be_v consider_v as_o present_v or_o as_o future_a and_o that_o where_o it_o cause_v the_o same_o effect_n it_o have_v cause_v be_v present_a or_o to_o come_v it_o be_v no_o long_o as_o pass_v but_o as_o present_v or_o as_o to_o come_v have_v take_v away_o all_o these_o difficulty_n which_o stop_v m.c._n touch_v the_o knowledge_n which_o the_o imagination_n have_v of_o thing_n present_a and_o to_o come_v its_o seem_v there_o be_v nothing_o more_o which_o can_v be_v oppose_v to_o the_o reason_n we_o have_v deduce_v from_o the_o custom_n and_o instruction_n which_o we_o give_v to_o beast_n for_o since_o present_a threat_n make_v they_o remember_v the_o blow_n they_o receive_v with_o their_o first_o lesson_n and_o that_o the_o remembrance_n of_o those_o blow_n which_o be_v pass_v make_v they_o fear_v those_o to_o come_v the_o imagination_n must_v needs_o unite_v the_o image_n of_o the_o threat_n with_o that_o of_o the_o blow_n which_o they_o have_v receive_v and_o in_o pursuit_n that_o they_o join_v the_o image_n of_o those_o blow_n with_o those_o other_o which_o they_o apprehend_v and_o true_o i_o expect_v from_o m._n c._n ingenuity_n that_o after_o have_v mature_o consider_v all_o these_o thing_n he_o will_v find_v some_o confusion_n in_o his_o mind_n for_o have_v so_o light_o condemn_v i_o of_o error_n and_o artifice_n in_o the_o most_o part_n of_o my_o reason_n for_o he_o say_v at_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o examen_fw-la which_o he_o make_v of_o the_o precedent_n that_o there_o be_v not_o in_o it_o the_o least_o appearance_n of_o truth_n and_o that_o whereas_o i_o do_v in_o some_o other_o reason_v insinuate_a error_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o some_o truth_n herein_o i_o have_v not_o use_v that_o artifice_n but_o fight_v only_o with_o argument_n in_o which_o there_o be_v not_o one_o true_a proposition_n to_o be_v find_v what!_o be_v it_o not_o true_a then_o that_o beast_n remember_v the_o good_a and_o evil_n that_o be_v past_a be_v it_o not_o true_a that_o they_o desire_v and_o that_o they_o fear_v those_o which_o be_v to_o come_v be_v it_o not_o true_a that_o the_o presence_n of_o certain_a object_n have_v replace_v in_o their_o memory_n those_o which_o they_o have_v former_o receive_v make_v they_o afterward_o fear_v the_o like_a what_o will_v it_o be_v think_v to_o conclude_v ill_a that_o since_o they_o do_v all_o these_o thing_n their_o imagination_n must_v go_v from_o the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o that_o it_o must_v unite_v image_n and_o that_o it_o must_v form_v as_o many_o proposition_n as_o it_o make_v union_n for_o my_o part_n i_o must_v clear_o confess_v to_o m._n c._n that_o if_o those_o who_o shall_v be_v judge_n of_o our_o difference_n can_v be_v of_o his_o opinion_n i_o will_v set_v myself_o to_o write_v as_o false_a against_o philosophy_n against_o reason_n and_o against_o sense_n and_o i_o will_v abandon_v they_o all_o as_o deceiver_n which_o have_v abuse_v we_o and_o that_o instead_o of_o serve_v we_o as_o instrument_n for_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o truth_n they_o corrupt_v it_o and_o hide_v it_o from_o we_o but_o without_o run_v to_o these_o extremity_n into_o which_o there_o be_v no_o likelihood_n i_o shall_v ever_o fall_v m.c._n be_v to_o be_v excuse_v of_o the_o ill_a opinion_n which_o he_o conceive_v against_o my_o first_o work_n i_o will_v indeed_o deal_v more_o civil_o with_o he_o than_o he_o have_v do_v with_o i_o and_o that_o i_o may_v not_o altogether_o condemn_v he_o i_o must_v confess_v that_o he_o may_v have_v find_v in_o my_o discourse_n such_o defect_n as_o may_v have_v engage_v he_o to_o that_o sense_n i_o have_v oblige_v myself_o to_o render_v they_o the_o short_a i_o can_v possible_o there_o be_v many_o place_n wherein_o i_o suppose_v certain_a knowledge_n which_o must_v be_v have_v from_o elsewhere_o or_o my_o ratiocination_n will_v be_v must_v straighten_v and_o in_o which_o i_o do_v but_o cast_v the_o seed_n of_o a_o great_a many_o induction_n which_o may_v be_v draw_v from_o they_o and_o without_o doubt_n that_o briefness_n do_v hide_v from_o m._n c_n eye_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o evidence_n and_o force_n of_o my_o reason_n and_o have_v make_v truth_n appear_v unto_o he_o as_o error_n and_o order_n as_o the_o subtlety_n of_o a_o sophist_n but_o i_o ought_v also_o to_o believe_v that_o after_o have_v correct_v myself_o for_o those_o defect_n and_o have_v take_v away_o all_o those_o obscurity_n which_o he_o meet_v withal_o by_o long_a explication_n he_o will_v no_o long_o account_n as_o they_o say_v truth_n for_o injustice_n but_o will_v ingenious_o confess_v that_o he_o have_v maintain_v a_o ill_a cause_n at_o least_o that_o i_o have_v not_o ill_o defend_v i_o and_o that_o my_o proposition_n be_v not_o so_o erroneous_a nor_o extravagant_a as_o he_o fancy_v they_o to_o wit_n whether_o without_o ratiocination_n the_o image_n of_o the_o memory_n move_v the_o imagination_n as_o if_o the_o object_n be_v present_a to_o continue_v therefore_o the_o design_n i_o have_v begin_v i_o shall_v advertise_v he_o that_o he_o shall_v not_o abuse_v himself_o with_o the_o experience_n he_o here_o produce_v since_o they_o be_v neither_o for_o he_o nor_o against_o he_o in_o effect_n when_o he_o say_v that_o by_o they_o he_o will_v prove_v that_o without_o reason_v the_o image_n of_o the_o memory_n move_v the_o imagination_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o if_o the_o object_n be_v present_a what_o can_v he_o thence_o conclude_v to_o my_o prejudice_n shall_v i_o grant_v all_o those_o experience_n they_o be_v but_o particular_a fact_n which_o hinder_v not_o but_o that_o there_o may_v be_v other_o wherein_o the_o imagination_n confer_v the_o present_a with_o the_o past_a and_o from_o thence_o draw_v consequence_n for_o the_o future_a beside_o that_o its_o easy_a to_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o in_o most_o part_n of_o those_o he_o produce_v the_o imagination_n make_v the_o same_o progress_n for_o when_o a_o child_n cry_v see_v a_o object_n like_a to_o that_o which_o former_o have_v hurt_v it_o it_o be_v fear_v doubtless_o which_o make_v he_o cry_v now_o this_o passion_n suppose_v a_o evil_a to_o come_v and_o therefore_o the_o present_a object_n make_v that_o child_n remember_v the_o evil_a it_o suffer_v and_o afterward_o cause_v it_o to_o fear_v the_o like_a and_o when_o it_o rejoice_v at_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o nurse_n breast_n if_o it_o be_v from_o the_o desire_n and_o hope_n of_o suck_v his_o imagination_n do_v the_o self_n same_o thing_n if_o there_o be_v only_o the_o remembrance_n of_o the_o past_a pleasure_n which_o rejoice_v it_o it_o be_v a_o fact_n no_o more_o like_o we_o since_o it_o respect_v but_o the_o present_a and_o the_o past_a and_o that_o in_o instruction_n the_o mind_n consider_v not_o only_o present_a and_o past_a object_n but_o even_o those_o which_o be_v to_o come_v it_o be_v even_o so_o when_o the_o remembrance_n of_o a_o good_a tale_n make_v we_o laugh_v or_o when_o the_o encounter_n of_o a_o person_n who_o have_v do_v we_o ill_o give_v we_o a_o sense_n of_o aversion_n because_o therein_o there_o be_v no_o express_a consideration_n of_o the_o future_a yet_o let_v not_o m.c._n for_o this_o imagine_v that_o i_o believe_v the_o imagination_n reason_n not_o in_o these_o passion_n although_o it_o confer_v not_o the_o past_a with_o the_o future_a it_o have_v other_o mean_n then_o that_o to_o reason_n and_o if_o he_o will_v well_o consider_v the_o last_o of_o my_o reason_n which_o after_o this_o i_o shall_v explicate_v he_o will_v see_v that_o the_o appetite_n be_v never_o move_v but_o in_o pursuit_n of_o some_o ratiocination_n as_o for_o the_o example_n of_o cassander_n who_o without_o shake_v can_v not_o look_v upon_o the_o
or_o a_o custom_n he_o have_v need_n of_o memory_n but_o only_o that_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o he_o to_o acquire_v it_o and_o for_o that_o cause_n that_o animal_n can_v acustom_v themselves_o to_o whatsoever_o it_o be_v without_o the_o help_n of_o reason_n and_o of_o memory_n although_o it_o may_v be_v that_o they_o may_v afterward_o without_o it_o do_v those_o thing_n which_o they_o accustom_v themselves_o unto_o yet_o for_o all_o this_o i_o do_v not_o cease_v to_o believe_v but_o that_o all_o true_a habit_n have_v need_n of_o memory_n and_o that_o who_o ever_o shall_v lose_v it_o will_v also_o lose_v the_o use_n of_o all_o other_o habit_n he_o have_v acquire_v how_o perfect_a soever_o they_o be_v but_o since_o i_o do_v not_o explicate_v myself_o thereupon_o why_o will_v m._n c._n divine_a my_o thought_n and_o find_v inconvenience_n in_o thing_n which_o i_o never_o yet_o say_v yet_o do_v i_o not_o insist_v hereupon_o since_o he_o at_o last_o remit_v himself_o to_o reason_n and_o confess_v pag_n 159_o that_o this_o faculty_n be_v necessary_a for_o several_a action_n which_o beast_n perform_v and_o the_o good_a and_o ill_a which_o happen_v to_o they_o remain_v in_o their_o memory_n and_o afterward_o oblige_v they_o to_o reject_v the_o same_o action_n for_o although_o he_o deny_v that_o it_o be_v on_o the_o hope_n or_o fear_n that_o the_o same_o good_a or_o the_o same_o ill_n may_v happen_v unto_o they_o it_o be_v very_o likely_a that_o after_o he_o have_v see_v the_o reason_n which_o we_o have_v use_v to_o maintain_v this_o truth_n he_o will_v present_o yield_v up_o the_o cudgel_n for_o my_o part_n i_o find_v the_o proceed_n therein_o hold_v very_o equitable_a and_o i_o very_o much_o approve_v the_o prudence_n he_o have_v to_o expect_v till_o i_o have_v evident_o make_v he_o see_v that_o beast_n fear_v and_o hope_n and_o that_o they_o confer_v the_o time_n pass_v with_o the_o future_a before_o he_o oblige_v himself_o to_o believe_v it_o i_o even_o maintain_v that_o in_o the_o quality_n which_o he_o here_o take_v of_o a_o defender_n he_o may_v in_o conscience_n say_v that_o there_o be_v no_o ratiocination_n therein_o without_o be_v oblige_v to_o produce_v reason_n to_o the_o contrary_n and_o that_o if_o he_o do_v so_o it_o be_v as_o he_o say_v superabundance_n of_o right_n and_o out_o of_o pure_a zeal_n which_o he_o have_v for_o the_o truth_n but_o also_o this_o same_o prudence_n and_o this_o same_o zeal_n engage_v he_o to_o change_v his_o opinion_n now_o he_o have_v wherewithal_o to_o satisfy_v his_o doubt_n and_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v obscure_a unto_o he_o now_o present_v themselves_o clear_a and_o evident_a it_o be_v a_o advice_n which_o i_o give_v he_o for_o his_o own_o sake_n for_o he_o may_v well_o think_v that_o it_o concern_v not_o i_o and_o that_o what_o part_n soever_o he_o take_v my_o cause_n will_v neither_o be_v better_a nor_o worse_o to_o wit_n whether_o one_o may_v accustom_v one_o self_n to_o some_o thing_n without_o reason_v let_v we_o examine_v the_o other_o point_n where_o by_o new_a example_n he_o will_v show_v that_o we_o accustom_v ourselves_o to_o several_a thing_n whereto_o reason_n be_v nothing_o serviceable_a for_o it_o be_v here_o that_o he_o triumph_v and_o flatter_v himself_o with_o the_o advantage_n he_o think_v he_o have_v over_o i_o for_o that_o i_o have_v not_o answer_v to_o those_o he_o have_v former_o propose_v on_o the_o same_o subject_n i_o confess_v i_o do_v not_o answer_v to_o they_o because_o i_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v do_v it_o and_o m._n c._n wrong_v himself_o to_o make_v use_n of_o it_o since_o it_o be_v a_o mark_n wherein_o he_o believe_v the_o decisive_a point_n of_o the_o question_n we_o have_v in_o hand_n be_v without_o perceive_v that_o it_o be_v therein_o altogether_o useless_a nay_o i_o shall_v repeat_v it_o again_o i_o pretend_v to_o speak_v only_o of_o custom_n and_o habit_n in_o which_o he_o himself_o say_v that_o memory_n be_v necessary_a and_o it_o be_v sufficient_a for_o i_o if_o animal_n have_v some_o one_o of_o that_o nature_n to_o conclude_v that_o they_o can_v not_o have_v acquire_v they_o without_o reason_v since_o they_o must_v have_v confer_v the_o present_a object_n with_o those_o which_o be_v past_a and_o those_o which_o be_v to_o come_v as_o we_o have_v say_v so_o that_o if_o there_o be_v other_o in_o which_o this_o progress_n be_v not_o make_v in_o good_a time_n be_v it_o as_o i_o hinder_v he_o not_o so_o it_o also_o hinder_v not_o my_o consequence_n from_o be_v good_a and_o true_a but_o what_o all_o these_o few_o observation_n he_o have_v make_v must_v they_o lie_v on_o his_o hand_n without_o his_o draw_v any_o advantage_n from_o they_o no_o indeed_o how_o slight_a soever_o they_o be_v we_o must_v disburden_v he_o of_o they_o and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n show_v he_o for_o what_o they_o may_v be_v good_a which_o i_o will_v not_o do_v as_o he_o do_v out_o of_o superabundance_n of_o right_n since_o it_o matter_n nothing_o to_o our_o question_n but_o out_o of_o the_o only_a desire_n which_o i_o have_v to_o make_v he_o know_v the_o truth_n but_o we_o must_v first_o bring_v they_o to_o light_v that_o the_o reader_n may_v know_v what_o we_o be_v upon_o and_o that_o he_o may_v give_v judgement_n from_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o cause_n the_o first_o be_v of_o child_n who_o accustom_v themselves_o to_o several_a thing_n before_o they_o have_v the_o use_n of_o reason_n the_o second_o be_v from_o the_o stomach_n which_o accustom_n itself_o to_o certain_a mean_n and_o which_o regulate_v its_o hunger_n at_o certain_a hour_n the_o three_o be_v of_o the_o liver_n which_o accustom_n itself_o to_o make_v the_o more_o blood_n the_o often_o we_o be_v let_v blood_n the_o four_o be_v of_o the_o fluxious_a which_o accustom_v themselves_o to_o fall_v on_o certain_a part_n the_o five_o be_v of_o the_o external_a sense_n which_o acquire_v habit_n some_o person_n have_v be_v find_v who_o have_v accustom_v themselves_o to_o the_o taste_n of_o woormwood_n and_o to_o the_o smell_n of_o stink_a thing_n etc._n etc._n the_o six_o be_v from_o the_o common_a sense_n which_o take_v a_o custom_n of_o sleep_v and_o wake_v at_o regulate_v hour_n the_o seven_o the_o eight_o and_o the_o nine_o be_v from_o the_o memory_n from_o the_o appetite_n and_o from_o the_o motive_n virtue_n which_o acquire_v habit_n from_o all_o this_o he_o conclude_v that_o it_o not_o necessary_a to_o accustom_v one_o self_n to_o any_o thing_n to_o make_v use_n of_o reason_n since_o there_o be_v not_o one_o of_o these_o thing_n which_o he_o have_v propose_v which_o be_v reasonable_a nor_o any_o of_o their_o effect_n wherein_o reason_n appear_v first_o when_o he_o say_v that_o reason_n herein_o be_v not_o necessary_a he_o intend_v intellectual_a reason_n since_o he_o acknowledge_v none_o other_o and_o in_o that_o sense_n i_o grant_v he_o all_o what_o he_o say_v but_o our_o difference_n be_v not_o therein_o it_o consist_v to_o know_v whether_o the_o imagination_n reason_n not_o in_o these_o encounter_n in_o the_o second_o place_n he_o employ_v the_o word_n custom_n without_o observe_v the_o several_a signification_n it_o have_v and_o indifferent_o apply_v it_o to_o several_a thing_n without_o tell_v we_o that_o it_o proper_o belong_v to_o the_o one_o and_o improper_o to_o other_o which_o yet_o be_v necessary_a to_o induce_v what_o he_o pretend_v for_o i_o have_v reason_n to_o retort_v all_o his_o example_n in_o which_o this_o word_n have_v not_o its_o true_a and_o proper_a signification_n m_o c._n shall_v have_v remember_v that_o custom_n and_o habit_n be_v active_a disposition_n and_o can_v be_v proper_o apply_v to_o passives_n wherefore_o when_o they_o say_v that_o a_o man_n accustom_n himself_o to_o heat_n and_o cold_a that_o the_o stomach_n accustom_n itself_o to_o certain_a meat_n that_o some_o have_v accustom_v themselves_o to_o find_v the_o taste_n of_o woormwood_n pleasant_a etc._n etc._n this_o word_n have_v not_o therein_o its_o natural_a signification_n because_o that_o in_o all_o these_o kind_n of_o speak_v we_o mean_v nothing_o else_o but_o that_o we_o accustom_v ourselves_o to_o suffer_v those_o object_n and_o that_o the_o facility_n we_o find_v therein_o be_v a_o pure_a material_a and_o passive_a disposition_n which_o the_o use_n of_o these_o thing_n have_v leave_v in_o the_o organ_n in_o effect_n we_o accustom_v ourselves_o to_o heat_n because_o the_o impression_n of_o heat_n remain_v in_o the_o part_n and_o make_v that_o what_o come_v afterward_o operate_v not_o so_o powerful_o on_o the_o body_n which_o be_v already_o imbue_v with_o that_o quality_n it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o odour_n favour_n and_o other_o sensible_a object_n which_o by_o mean_n of_o strike_v the_o sense_n leave_v a_o certain_a character_n in_o
that_o they_o doubt_v and_o then_o we_o have_v reason_n to_o say_v that_o apparent_o they_o doubt_v that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o they_o appear_v to_o we_o to_o doubt_v but_o not_o that_o their_o doubt_n be_v but_o in_o appearance_n because_o it_o may_v happen_v they_o doubt_v in_o effect_n and_o that_o a_o thing_n which_o be_v but_o in_o appearance_n be_v not_o real_o but_o let_v we_o stick_v no_o long_o in_o word_n let_v we_o examine_v thing_n and_o see_v what_o the_o nature_n of_o doubt_n be_v for_o after_o that_o we_o may_v clear_o perceive_v whether_o beast_n be_v capable_a of_o form_v it_o aristotle_n say_v very_o elegant_o that_o he_o who_o doubt_n be_v like_a to_o a_o man_n bind_v because_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o be_v restrain_v and_o can_v go_v whether_o they_o will_v this_o can_v advance_v forward_o in_o his_o way_n and_o that_o can_v make_v any_o progress_n in_o his_o knowledge_n in_o effect_n when_o he_o find_v that_o the_o object_n be_v not_o clear_o represent_v unto_o he_o when_o he_o see_v reason_n and_o appearance_n contrary_a concern_v the_o same_o thing_n they_o be_v as_o many_o chain_n which_o stop_v he_o &_o hold_v he_o in_o suspense_n that_o he_o know_v not_o which_o side_n to_o take_v and_o whilst_o he_o remain_v in_o this_o neutrality_n so_o long_a time_n he_o doubt_v and_o be_v not_o assure_v of_o what_o he_o seek_v for_o which_o cause_n we_o may_v call_v doubt_v a_o suspension_n of_o judgement_n which_o can_v determine_v on_o the_o thing_n propese_v unto_o it_o now_o because_o that_o to_o judge_n be_v to_o unite_v or_o divide_v image_n this_o suspension_n can_v be_v conceive_v but_o as_o a_o restraint_n which_o the_o judicative_a faculty_n impose_v on_o itself_o in_o its_o function_n the_o difficulty_n and_o uncertainty_n wherein_o she_o be_v not_o permit_v she_o to_o unite_v or_o separate_v those_o image_n which_o she_o have_v form_v yet_o must_v we_o not_o figure_n to_o ourselves_o this_o restraint_n to_o be_v as_o a_o cessation_n or_o rest_n otherwise_o whosoever_o will_v not_o know_v the_o thing_n and_o who_o spirit_n be_v dull_a and_o without_o action_n may_v pass_v for_o a_o man_n who_o be_v in_o doubt_n but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v as_o a_o motion_n by_o which_o the_o mind_n restrain_v itself_o and_o suffer_v not_o itself_o to_o be_v bear_v away_o whereto_o it_o have_v a_o design_n to_o go_v this_o be_v to_o be_v judge_v of_o proportionable_o to_o what_o happen_v to_o body_n that_o be_v heavy_a when_o they_o be_v in_o their_o centre_n their_o weight_n agitate_v not_o and_o they_o true_o be_v at_o rest_n but_o when_o they_o be_v suspend_v in_o the_o air_n although_o they_o be_v there_o retain_v yet_o they_o have_v a_o secret_a motion_n and_o make_v always_o some_o endeavour_n to_o fall_v it_o be_v even_o so_o with_o the_o judgement_n when_o it_o seek_v not_o the_o truth_n it_o be_v without_o action_n it_o cease_v to_o operate_v it_o be_v at_o rest_n but_o when_o it_o be_v suspend_v that_o be_v to_o say_v when_o it_o advance_v not_o yet_o this_o mark_n also_o the_o motion_n it_o make_v to_o attain_v to_o its_o end_n however_o it_o be_v this_o suspension_n of_o the_o judicative_a faculty_n come_v from_o the_o incertainty_n wherein_o she_o be_v whether_o she_o ought_v to_o unite_v or_o separate_v the_o image_n and_o this_o incertainty_n proceed_v from_o that_o it_o know_v not_o whether_o the_o thing_n be_v or_o be_v not_o in_o effect_n as_o she_o have_v propose_v they_o to_o herself_o but_o whence_o be_v it_o that_o she_o know_v it_o not_o certain_o there_o be_v many_o cause_n which_o contribute_v thereunto_o and_o we_o need_v only_o consult_v the_o epoche_n of_o the_o sceptic_a to_o find_v out_o that_o this_o defect_n have_v divers_a source_n sometime_o it_o happen_v from_o that_o the_o sense_n do_v not_o well_o represent_v the_o object_n for_o he_o that_o have_v a_o weak_a sight_n or_o who_o look_v on_o any_o thing_n through_o a_o thick_a air_n or_o at_o too_o great_a a_o distance_n have_v reason_n to_o doubt_v whether_o what_o he_o perceive_v be_v such_o in_o effect_n as_o his_o eye_n figure_v it_o to_o be_v sometime_o it_o happen_v from_o that_o we_o have_v not_o experience_v the_o thing_n or_o that_o we_o know_v not_o the_o reason_n thereof_o so_o a_o mathematical_a proposition_n how_o certain_a soever_o it_o be_v may_v leave_v a_o doubt_n to_o he_o who_o never_o see_v the_o demonstration_n and_o he_o who_o have_v not_o prove_v the_o effect_n of_o a_o remedy_n may_v doubt_v whether_o what_o be_v say_v be_v true_a or_o false_a but_o the_o most_o evident_a and_o perhaps_o the_o most_o ordinary_a cause_n of_o this_o defect_n be_v when_o the_o mind_n be_v divide_v betwixt_o two_o reason_n or_o two_o contrary_a appearance_n or_o between_o two_o thing_n altogether_o alike_o for_o from_o thence_o come_v almost_o all_o the_o doubt_n of_o the_o school_n and_o of_o the_o politic_n and_o the_o irresolution_n wherein_o we_o be_v at_o every_o moment_n in_o our_o common_a and_o private_a action_n in_o effect_n the_o way_n present_o to_o determine_v to_o know_v whether_o a_o business_n be_v good_a or_o ill_a when_o one_o find_v reason_n equal_o strong_a on_o both_o side_n and_o when_o two_o thing_n appear_v equal_o good_a how_o can_v a_o man_n so_o ready_o resolve_v to_o choose_v the_o most_o profitable_a or_o the_o most_o agreeable_a but_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o produce_v all_o the_o cause_n which_o cause_n our_o doubt_n and_o irresolution_n it_o be_v in_o question_n here_o to_o know_v whether_o there_o be_v any_o of_o those_o which_o we_o have_v mention_v which_o produce_v in_o animal_n the_o same_o effect_n it_o work_v in_o we_o which_o restrain_v their_o imagination_n when_o it_o shall_v either_o unite_v or_o separate_v image_n in_o a_o word_n which_o make_v they_o doubt_v the_o thing_n propose_v unto_o they_o ready_o to_o decide_v this_o question_n those_o who_o hold_v the_o negative_a part_n must_v go_v and_o be_v instruct_v by_o that_o ass_n so_o famous_a in_o the_o school_n find_v himself_o betwixt_o two_o measure_n of_o oat_n without_o be_v able_a to_o resolve_v to_o which_o of_o they_o to_o go_v both_o appear_v unto_o he_o equal_o good_a for_o they_o shall_v learn_v from_o he_o that_o in_o that_o condition_n he_o can_v not_o determine_v that_o his_o judgement_n be_v then_o in_o suspense_n and_o consequent_o that_o he_o be_v in_o doubt_n what_o to_o do_v but_o if_o they_o will_v not_o believe_v he_o let_v they_o have_v recourse_n to_o m.c._n who_o in_o his_o consideration_n on_o charron_n in_o many_o place_n have_v show_v that_o the_o imagination_n of_o beast_n be_v often_o restrain_v in_o these_o action_n and_o that_o the_o combat_n which_o hunger_n and_o fear_n of_o be_v beat_v make_v in_o their_o mind_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o she_o remain_v unable_a of_o performance_n for_o this_o restraint_n can_v be_v understand_v but_o of_o the_o impotency_n wherein_o she_o be_v to_o resolve_v and_o form_v the_o practical_a judgement_n which_o be_v the_o principle_n of_o operation_n now_o this_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o suspension_n of_o judgement_n it_o be_v nothing_o but_o doubt_n as_o we_o have_v before_o show_v but_o perhaps_o they_o require_v other_o master_n beside_o these_o and_o that_o there_o be_v not_o authority_n enough_o to_o persuade_v they_o to_o this_o truth_n shall_v we_o even_o use_v that_o of_o aristotle_n who_o assure_v we_o that_o goat_n be_v astonish_v when_o they_o see_v any_o of_o they_o take_v by_o the_o beard_n and_o certain_o can_v this_o be_v believe_v in_o this_o particular_a they_o will_v be_v constrain_v to_o confess_v that_o upon_o this_o occasion_n goat_n must_v doubt_v for_o astonishment_n be_v ever_o accompany_v with_o doubt_n and_o with_o suspense_n as_o in_o another_o place_n we_o shall_v make_v it_o appear_v since_o we_o must_v therefore_o treat_v with_o they_o by_o the_o only_a strength_n of_o reason_n i_o will_v have_v they_o presuppose_v what_o i_o have_v demonstrate_v in_o the_o second_o part_n of_o this_o work_n to_o wit_n that_o beast_n judge_v of_o thing_n that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o their_o imagination_n unite_v and_o separate_v the_o image_n she_o have_v form_v of_o they_o they_o must_v further_o agree_v with_o i_o that_o she_o unite_v not_o all_o kind_n of_o image_n but_o these_o only_a which_o agree_v together_o for_o she_o unite_v not_o the_o notion_n of_o good_a with_o bitter_a nor_o that_o of_o ill_a with_o sweet_a no_o more_o than_o the_o design_n of_o pursue_v with_o what_o be_v ill_a or_o that_o of_o fly_v with_o what_o be_v good_a but_o it_o join_v sweet_a with_o good_a and_o add_v to_o this_o the_o design_n of_o the_o pursuit_n as_o it_o unite_v the_o bitter_a with_o ill_n join_v afterward_o thereunto_o the_o
another_o but_o he_o say_v pag._n 128._o i_o will_v make_v these_o knowledge_n pass_v for_o ratiocination_n every_o shadow_n fright_v a_o man_n afraid_a and_o to_o shun_v one_o danger_n he_o often_o fall_v into_o another_o i_o speak_v not_o there_o of_o ratiocination_n i_o speak_v of_o knowledge_n in_o general_n and_o he_o to_o prevent_v my_o thought_n make_v it_o appear_v that_o he_o know_v not_o how_o to_o discern_v the_o thing_n he_o be_v to_o remove_v and_o he_o easy_o commit_v a_o sophism_n who_o reprehend_v what_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v reprehend_v he_o shall_v have_v consider_v that_o have_v propopose_v a_o action_n which_o mark_v the_o essential_a difference_n betwixt_o the_o understanding_n and_o the_o imagination_n it_o be_v sufficient_a for_o i_o to_o show_v that_o this_o know_v only_o corporal_a thing_n and_o that_o the_o understanding_n know_v general_o all_o thing_n it_o be_v needless_a to_o say_v whether_o this_o knowledge_n be_v make_v with_o ratiocination_n or_o no._n for_o aristotle_n who_o will_v prove_v that_o the_o understanding_n be_v not_o tie_v to_o the_o matter_n use_v the_o same_o reason_n and_o content_v himself_o to_o show_v that_o a_o power_n which_o know_v and_o judge_v of_o all_o thing_n can_v be_v material_a without_o say_v whether_o knowledge_n be_v perform_v by_o simple_a or_o compose_a notion_n for_o that_o it_o be_v unnecessary_a to_o his_o proof_n which_o be_v as_o strong_a shall_v the_o understanding_n know_v thing_n only_o by_o simple_a notion_n as_o if_o it_o know_v they_o by_o ratiocination_n m._n c._n do_v therefore_o deceive_v himself_o when_o he_o think_v i_o take_v here_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o imagination_n for_o ratiocination_n and_o much_o more_o when_o he_o think_v to_o have_v overthrow_v my_o distinction_n and_o all_o those_o which_o may_v be_v produce_v in_o say_v that_o the_o imagination_n reason_n not_o at_o all_o for_o whether_o it_o reason_n or_o whether_o it_o do_v not_o reason_n it_o still_o remain_v conclude_v that_o since_o it_o judge_v but_o of_o corporal_a thing_n and_o that_o the_o understanding_n judge_v of_o all_o thing_n there_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o essential_a difference_n betwixt_o the_o two_o and_o consequent_o it_o can_v never_o be_v equal_a unto_o it_o although_o she_o shall_v have_v the_o faculty_n of_o reason_v which_o be_v what_o i_o have_v to_o show_v m._n c._n add_v page_n 128._o that_o this_o difference_n be_v not_o essential_a since_o it_o be_v ground_v on_o more_o and_o on_o less_o he_o here_o confound_v the_o mean_n whereby_o we_o know_v this_o difference_n it_o be_v true_a that_o more_o or_o less_o make_v we_o know_v it_o but_o it_o follow_v not_o from_o thence_o that_o it_o consist_v in_o more_o or_o less_o we_o judge_v of_o health_n and_o sickness_n by_o more_o or_o less_o heat_n but_o that_o speak_v not_o the_o essential_a difference_n which_o be_v find_v betwixt_o these_o two_o contrary_a quality_n to_o consist_v in_o more_o or_o less_o heat_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n we_o know_v by_o the_o divers_a extent_n which_o the_o object_n of_o those_o two_o faculty_n have_v that_o they_o be_v essential_o different_a and_o yet_o we_o can_v thence_o infer_v that_o the_o difference_n find_v betwixt_o they_o consist_v in_o the_o diversity_n of_o extent_n for_o it_o be_v but_o en_fw-fr exterior_a mark_n whereby_o we_o discover_v that_o the_o understanding_n be_v a_o power_n loosen_v from_o the_o matter_n and_o which_o consequent_o be_v different_a from_o the_o imagination_n not_o only_o in_o the_o species_n but_o in_o the_o gender_n now_o if_o they_o be_v different_a after_o this_o manner_n it_o necessary_o follow_v that_o there_o be_v a_o essential_a difference_n betwixt_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o although_o we_o do_v not_o thereby_o precise_o know_v wherein_o this_o difference_n consist_v and_o in_o all_o what_o we_o can_v do_v in_o this_o redoubt_n of_o the_o last_o difference_n of_o thing_n our_o mind_n be_v not_o capable_a to_o penetrate_v so_o far_o not_o exact_o to_o see_v all_o the_o part_n of_o which_o their_o nature_n be_v compose_v the_o three_o reason_n which_o m._n c._n produce_v be_v that_o the_o distinction_n of_o a_o faculty_n be_v rather_o to_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o different_a manner_n of_o operate_a then_o from_o the_o difference_n of_o object_n if_o the_o imagination_n reason_n on_o corporal_a thing_n the_o understanding_n will_v have_v no_o way_n operate_a proper_a to_o itself_o and_o consequent_o there_o will_v be_v nothing_o to_o distinguish_v they_o the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o if_o m._n c._n will_v take_v heed_n to_o what_o we_o have_v say_v he_o will_v find_v the_o answer_n which_o be_v to_o be_v make_v to_o this_o objection_n for_o we_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o show_v that_o the_o essential_a difference_n which_o be_v betwixt_o the_o understanding_n and_o the_o imagination_n consist_v in_o the_o diversity_n of_o their_o object_n but_o only_o that_o by_o that_o diversity_n we_o may_v infer_v that_o there_o be_v a_o essential_a difference_n betwixt_o these_o two_o power_n so_o that_o without_o engage_v myself_o in_o those_o contest_v which_o be_v in_o the_o school_n on_o the_o distinction_n of_o power_n its_o sufficient_a for_o i_o that_o its_o a_o demonstrate_v truth_n that_o the_o understanding_n be_v a_o power_n separate_v from_o the_o matter_n since_o it_o judge_v of_o all_o thing_n for_o it_o follow_v from_o thence_o that_o its_o object_n make_v we_o know_v its_o nature_n be_v spiritual_a and_o therefore_o that_o its_o essential_o different_a from_o that_o of_o the_o imagination_n which_o be_v in_o the_o order_n of_o material_a thing_n after_o this_o we_o shall_v see_v that_o all_o what_o he_o say_v in_o pursuit_n be_v vain_a or_o out_o of_o purpose_n and_o he_o may_v pass_v without_o a_o reply_n or_o without_o any_o prejudice_n to_o my_o cause_n but_o to_o satisfy_v he_o on_o all_o what_o he_o propose_v i_o shall_v first_o tell_v he_o that_o although_o the_o imagination_n reason_n on_o corporal_a thing_n the_o understanding_n forbear_v not_o to_o have_v a_o action_n proper_a to_o itself_o and_o which_o distinguish_v it_o from_o the_o imagination_n for_o it_o reason_n universal_o which_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o imagination_n as_o she_o shall_v hereafter_o show_v 2_o when_o he_o say_v that_o the_o reason_n of_o child_n have_v no_o other_o object_n but_o corporal_a thing_n and_o yet_o their_o reason_n be_v not_o of_o a_o different_a nature_n from_o that_o of_o the_o most_o speculative_a philosopher_n i_o fear_v some_o body_n will_v reproach_v he_o that_o this_o indeed_o be_v the_o reason_n of_o a_o child_n that_o know_v not_o how_o to_o distinguish_v the_o act_n from_o the_o power_n and_o sâ—es_v not_o that_o the_o consequence_n draw_v from_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o be_v common_o captious_a we_o confess_v that_o the_o reason_n of_o child_n have_v only_o corporal_a thing_n for_o their_o object_n but_o we_o also_o hold_v that_o the_o object_n of_o their_o reason_n that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o the_o faculty_n which_o they_o have_v of_o reason_v extend_v to_o all_o thing_n as_o well_o as_o the_o object_n of_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o most_o speculative_a philosopher_n and_o although_o in_o the_o age_n they_o be_v theâ—_n can_v judge_v but_o of_o sensible_a thing_n yet_o it_o hinder_v not_o but_o they_o may_v have_v in_o themselves_o the_o faculty_n to_o judge_v of_o all_o thing_n which_o they_o may_v put_v in_o practice_n when_o by_o their_o year_n the_o obstacle_n of_o their_o childhood_n shall_v be_v remove_v but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o with_o the_o imagination_n which_o can_v never_o raise_v itself_o above_o corporal_a thing_n what_o help_n or_o what_o perfection_n soever_o it_o may_v attain_v for_o which_o cause_n we_o have_v have_v reason_n to_o say_v that_o its_o object_n be_v different_a from_o that_o of_o the_o understanding_n and_o that_o that_o mark_v a_o essential_a difference_n betwixt_o the_o two_o faculty_n as_o we_o have_v already_o show_v in_o fine_a he_o will_v prove_v that_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o imagination_n be_v not_o restrain_v to_o thing_n necessary_a for_o life_n and_o proper_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o every_o species_n because_o that_o beside_o that_o the_o object_n of_o we_o be_v not_o easy_o to_o be_v limit_v i_o have_v assure_v that_o beast_n reason_n on_o all_o what_o present_v itself_o to_o their_o sense_n that_o they_o reason_n on_o the_o thing_n which_o they_o be_v teach_v that_o they_o assemble_v all_o the_o image_n of_o the_o memory_n and_o from_o thence_o form_n consequence_n that_o they_o know_v even_o the_o time_n to_o come_v which_o be_v a_o very_a spiritual_a knowledge_n and_o one_o of_o the_o most_o delicate_a which_o our_o understanding_n can_v form_v have_v m.c._n be_v faithful_a in_o repeat_v my_o sense_n i_o shall_v not_o have_v here_o one_o word_n
to_o say_v beside_o that_o he_o confound_v proposition_n which_o be_v distinct_a and_o separate_v those_o which_o be_v only_o particular_a he_o render_v universal_a and_o thus_o impose_v thing_n on_o i_o which_o i_o never_o think_v of_o the_o reader_n may_v therefore_o observe_v that_o when_o i_o say_v that_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o imagination_n be_v bound_v to_o corporal_a thing_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o life_n and_o that_o common_o she_o be_v restrain_v to_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v proper_a to_o every_o species_n he_o suppress_v the_o word_n common_o which_o render_v my_o proposition_n particular_a and_o make_v i_o speak_v universal_o as_o if_o i_o have_v say_v that_o its_o equal_o restrain_v to_o those_o which_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o every_o species_n and_o to_o those_o which_o be_v necessary_a to_o life_n which_o nevertheless_o be_v not_o true_a 2._o he_o will_v have_v it_o that_o i_o make_v beast_n reason_n on_o all_o what_o present_v itself_o to_o their_o sense_n and_o that_o i_o make_v they_o assemble_v all_o the_o image_n which_o they_o have_v in_o the_o memory_n to_o draw_v from_o thence_o consequence_n but_o there_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o difference_n to_o say_v what_o i_o have_v say_v that_o when_o beast_n reason_n they_o reason_n on_o what_o present_v its_o self_n to_o their_o sense_n or_o that_o they_o reason_n of_o sensible_a thing_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o life_n and_o to_o speak_v as_o m_n c._n do_v that_o they_o reason_n on_o all_o what_o present_v itself_o to_o their_o sense_n for_o i_o confess_v that_o there_o be_v some_o which_o present_v themselves_o to_o their_o sense_n which_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o life_n whereon_o they_o do_v not_o reason_n and_o even_o on_o those_o which_o be_v necessary_a to_o life_n they_o do_v not_o always_o reason_n be_v elsewhere_o divert_v to_o conclude_v they_o assemble_v the_o image_n of_o the_o memory_n not_o all_o as_o m.c._n make_v i_o speak_v but_o only_o those_o which_o agree_v together_o and_o on_o which_o they_o ought_v to_o reason_n after_o this_o its_o easy_a to_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o what_o he_o bring_v to_o show_v that_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o imagination_n be_v not_o bound_v to_o thing_n necessary_a to_o life_n prove_v quite_o the_o contrary_n for_o when_o beast_n reason_v on_o what_o present_v itself_o to_o their_o sense_n and_o on_o the_o thing_n they_o be_v teach_v when_o they_o assemble_v the_o image_n of_o the_o memory_n and_o thence_o draw_v consequence_n in_o fine_a when_o they_o know_v the_o time_n to_o come_v all_o these_o knowledge_n be_v follow_v with_o pleasure_n or_o grief_n with_o hope_n or_o fear_n and_o they_o must_v therefore_o be_v necessary_a to_o life_n since_o these_o passion_n respect_v their_o preservation_n and_o be_v never_o raise_v in_o the_o mind_n unless_o to_o possess_v good_a or_o she_o from_o ill_a for_o the_o rest_n i_o stop_v not_o at_o the_o induction_n which_o he_o will_v draw_v from_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o time_n to_o come_v which_o in_o his_o opinion_n be_v altogether_o spiritual_a for_o i_o have_v make_v it_o full_o appear_v before_o that_o it_o be_v sensible_a and_o that_o therefore_o be_v within_o the_o extent_n of_o the_o object_n which_o i_o have_v assign_v to_o the_o imagination_n the_o second_o difference_n which_o be_v betwixt_o the_o understanding_n and_o the_o imagination_n the_o second_o difference_n which_o we_o have_v find_v betwixt_o the_o understanding_n and_o the_o imagination_n be_v that_o this_o form_n no_o universal_a notion_n so_o that_o consequent_o i_o can_v none_o but_o particular_a ratiocination_n instead_o that_o the_o understanding_n have_v the_o liberty_n to_o form_v general_a notion_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o when_o it_o please_v to_o draw_v from_o thence_o universal_a or_o particular_a consequence_n i_o have_v here_o give_v a_o fair_a field_n to_o m.c._n td_v have_v exercise_v his_o spirit_n and_o i_o do_v believe_v in_o the_o humour_n he_o be_v in_o to_o contradict_v whatever_o he_o encounter_v he_o will_v not_o have_v let_v pass_v so_o important_a a_o proposition_n without_o dispute_v it_o yet_o i_o perceive_v that_o notwithstanding_o it_o have_v great_a philosopher_n for_o its_o enemy_n and_o several_a presumption_n repugnant_a unto_o it_o yet_o it_o have_v escape_v his_o hand_n and_o have_v receive_v no_o touch_n of_o his_o critic_n certain_o instead_o of_o amuse_v himself_o to_o mince_v upon_o word_n as_o he_o do_v in_o this_o chapter_n and_o to_o puzzle_v the_o truth_n by_o petty_a school_n trick_n as_o he_o have_v do_v every_o where_o else_o he_o shall_v have_v examine_v whether_o it_o be_v a_o necessity_n that_o because_o a_o power_n be_v material_a it_o can_v make_v universal_a notion_n principal_o not_o go_v out_o of_o the_o resort_n or_o precinct_n of_o material_a thing_n in_o effect_n when_o the_o sense_n have_v know_v a_o object_n do_v there_o not_o remain_v in_o the_o soul_n a_o general_a notion_n which_o make_v it_o know_v all_o the_o rest_n which_o be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n and_o â—s_v the_o great_a scaliger_n say_v the_o chick_n have_v it_o not_o a_o universal_a image_n of_o the_o kite_n whereby_o it_o know_v every_o kite_n which_o come_v to_o sight_n and_o what_o if_o the_o imagination_n have_v the_o faculty_n to_o judge_v as_o we_o believe_v can_v it_o not_o judge_v through_o all_o the_o extent_n of_o its_o object_n and_o since_o it_o can_v know_v all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a may_v it_o not_o form_v a_o proposition_n which_o may_v comprehend_v all_o the_o object_n it_o have_v the_o knowledge_n of_o for_o example_n can_v it_o not_o judge_v that_o all_o what_o be_v sweet_a be_v good_a or_o at_o least_o that_o all_o the_o sweet_a thing_n it_o know_v be_v good_a and_o when_o a_o sheep_n shall_v see_v divers_a wolf_n together_o will_v it_o not_o judge_v that_o all_o the_o beast_n it_o see_v be_v wolf_n and_o enemy_n to_o attempt_v its_o life_n now_o these_o be_v universal_a proposition_n and_o yet_o the_o imagination_n how_o material_a soever_o she_o be_v be_v capable_a to_o form_v general_a notion_n but_o all_o these_o reason_n be_v weak_a in_o comparison_n of_o those_o which_o establish_v the_o contrary_a opinion_n and_o which_o show_n that_o a_o material_a faculty_n can_v never_o form_v any_o universal_a notion_n for_o its_o certain_a that_o we_o can_v conceive_v a_o universal_a thing_n but_o by_o take_v from_o it_o the_o singularity_n it_o have_v otherwise_o it_o will_v not_o be_v universal_a now_o its_o singularity_n can_v be_v take_v away_o but_o by_o separate_v it_o from_o those_o thing_n which_o render_v it_o singular_a as_o from_o the_o particular_a subject_n be_v in_o and_o from_o the_o other_o condition_n which_o determine_v it_o now_o there_o be_v no_o material_a faculty_n which_o can_v separate_v the_o form_n from_o the_o matter_n nor_o from_o their_o subject_n because_o the_o act_n and_o the_o power_n must_v be_v of_o the_o same_o gender_n and_o that_o the_o power_n which_o be_v material_a and_o compose_v must_v have_v a_o action_n which_o terminate_v in_o somewhat_o which_o be_v material_a and_o compose_v as_o we_o have_v show_v in_o the_o first_o part_n and_o consequent_o the_o imagination_n which_o be_v of_o that_o order_n can_v form_v no_o universal_a notion_n since_o it_o can_v separate_v the_o form_n from_o their_o subject_n beside_o a_o universal_a notion_n suppose_v a_o universal_a power_n and_o a_o universal_a power_n be_v nor_o determine_v at_o least_o in_o respect_n of_o particular_a thing_n over_o which_o its_o universality_n extend_v now_o so_o it_o be_v that_o all_o what_o be_v material_a be_v absolute_o determine_v because_o it_o be_v of_o the_o maliciousness_n of_o the_o matter_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o aristotle_n say_v to_o restrain_v all_o thing_n which_o participate_v of_o it_o to_o its_o nature_n and_o therefore_o the_o matter_n be_v absolute_o singular_a and_o determine_v there_o be_v no_o material_a power_n which_o can_v raise_v itself_o above_o singularity_n or_o produce_v any_o notion_n which_o be_v not_o absolute_o singular_a and_o determine_a what_o shall_v we_o then_o say_v of_o those_o image_n which_o represent_v so_o many_o several_a object_n certain_o they_o be_v not_o proper_o universal_a for_o of_o three_o kind_n of_o thing_n which_o be_v call_v so_o to_o wit_v the_o cause_n which_o produce_v several_a effect_n the_o sign_n which_o represent_v divers_a thing_n and_o the_o nature_n which_o be_v in_o several_a particular_n there_o be_v only_o these_o latter_a which_o be_v essential_o universal_a because_o they_o be_v in_o no_o way_n singular_a and_o that_o the_o unity_n which_o they_o have_v hinder_v they_o not_o from_o be_v in_o effect_n in_o many_o particular_n instead_o that_o the_o other_o be_v effectual_o singular_a and_o altogether_o exterior_a to_o the_o thing_n in_o respect_n
principal_a proof_n it_o contain_v shall_v be_v full_o confute_v by_o the_o follow_a article_n where_o we_o shall_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v many_o ratiocination_n which_o be_v make_v without_o deliberation_n and_o that_o the_o other_o two_o have_v be_v examine_v here_o before_o we_o have_v show_v that_o we_o may_v reason_v without_o make_v use_n of_o any_o universal_a notion_n and_o that_o the_o imagination_n although_o it_o know_v nothing_o without_o phantasm_n yet_o it_o form_n phantasm_n which_o be_v not_o express_v in_o those_o image_n which_o the_o exterior_a sense_n furnish_v it_o withal_o such_o as_o be_v the_o union_n or_o the_o division_n and_o those_o species_n which_o the_o school_n call_v non_fw-la sensatas_fw-la as_o to_o be_v good_a or_o ill_a friend_n or_o enemy_n and_o other_o such_o like_a for_o from_o thence_o it_o follow_v that_o that_o faculty_n which_o reason_n do_v always_o something_o anew_o by_o unite_n or_o separate_a term_n and_o thing_n which_o she_o know_v not_o before_o in_o that_o condition_n neither_o for_o all_o this_o can_v any_o infer_v that_o the_o imagination_n which_o do_v all_o those_o thing_n be_v independent_a from_o its_o organ_n otherwise_o we_o must_v say_v that_o she_o know_v neither_o what_o be_v good_a or_o ill_a friend_n or_o foe_n and_o that_o she_o judge_v not_o of_o thing_n if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o those_o action_n be_v mark_v with_o independency_n chap._n ii_o the_o second_o objection_n of_o the_o deliberation_n which_o accompany_v ratiocination_n have_v satisfy_v the_o precedent_a objection_n we_o have_v propose_v what_o our_o adversary_n say_v that_o all_o the_o action_n of_o animal_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v most_o reasonable_a may_v proceed_v from_o somewhat_o else_o then_o reason_n and_o that_o nature_n which_o do_v not_o multiply_v cause_n without_o necessity_n shall_v not_o have_v make_v use_n of_o so_o noble_a a_o faculty_n for_o the_o conduct_n of_o beast_n since_o those_o which_o be_v more_o proper_a and_o as_o it_o be_v domestic_a may_v alone_o have_v satisfy_v thereunto_o for_o all_o what_o appear_v most_o wonderful_a in_o their_o action_n may_v and_o aught_o to_o have_v reference_n either_o to_o instinct_n memory_n or_o custom_n whereunto_o we_o have_v answer_v that_o with_o they_o we_o acknowledge_v all_o these_o cause_n but_o that_o we_o believe_v that_o they_o do_v not_o exclude_v reason_n and_o that_o all_o action_n which_o beast_n perform_v out_o of_o custom_n instruction_n or_o instinct_n be_v do_v with_o ratiocination_n which_o we_o have_v demonstrate_v in_o pursuit_n of_o our_o first_o book_n but_o because_o m_n c._n have_v force_v we_o to_o change_v this_o order_n we_o have_v employ_v in_o the_o three_o part_n all_o what_o concern_v instruction_n and_o custom_n and_o we_o reserve_v for_o the_o second_o book_n what_o belong_v to_o instinct_n so_o that_o we_o have_v here_o no_o more_o considerable_a objection_n to_o examine_v but_o only_o those_o which_o respect_n the_o deliberation_n and_o the_o language_n of_o beast_n they_o say_v then_o that_o if_o beast_n be_v capable_a of_o reason_n they_o will_v also_o have_v power_n to_o deliberate_v and_o consequent_o they_o must_v needs_o be_v free_a indetermine_v and_o therefore_o endue_v with_o a_o universal_a faculty_n which_o always_o presuppose_v a_o nature_n independent_a from_o the_o matter_n to_o which_o we_o have_v answer_v that_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a that_o to_o reason_n one_o must_v deliberate_a since_o we_o often_o employ_v reason_n where_o there_o be_v no_o place_n for_o deliberation_n forasmuch_o as_o we_o can_v deliberate_v but_o when_o there_o be_v several_a mean_n find_v to_o attain_v some_o end_n and_o that_o we_o have_v the_o liberty_n to_o choose_v which_o we_o please_v that_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n that_o beast_n shall_v deliberate_v because_o that_o beside_o that_o most_o common_o they_o have_v but_o one_o way_n to_o attain_v their_o end_n as_o that_o which_o their_o instinct_n teach_v they_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o then_o when_o they_o encounter_v several_a mean_n they_o present_o determine_v on_o that_o which_o first_o present_v its_o self_n or_o on_o the_o most_o efficacious_a and_o that_o they_o have_v not_o the_o liberty_n of_o choice_n have_v not_o a_o indifferent_a and_o universal_a faculty_n but_o altogether_o limit_v and_o determine_v as_o we_o have_v so_o often_o repeat_v it_o before_o m._n c._n begin_v to_o examine_v this_o answer_n he_o advertise_v the_o reader_n that_o in_o the_o design_n he_o have_v to_o speak_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o ratiocination_n none_o ought_v to_o apprehend_v that_o he_o go_v about_o to_o transcribe_v all_o what_o logic_n teach_v concern_v the_o three_o operation_n of_o the_o understanding_n and_o of_o a_o truth_n this_o advice_n be_v both_o very_a judicious_a and_o very_a necessary_a for_o after_o have_v see_v the_o first_o proposition_n he_o bring_v forth_o it_o be_v very_o much_o to_o have_v be_v apprehend_v have_v he_o say_v more_o but_o that_o he_o will_v have_v spoil_v all_o what_o logic_n teach_v we_o thereupon_o in_o effect_n all_o the_o division_n he_o here_o make_v be_v imperfect_a and_o do_v not_o contain_v all_o the_o member_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v admit_v he_o bring_v only_o for_o the_o cause_n of_o simple_a affirmation_n the_o agreement_n which_o appear_v evident_a although_o there_o be_v another_o which_o produce_v the_o same_o effect_n for_o the_o agreement_n may_v be_v certain_a without_o be_v evident_a as_o it_o be_v in_o proposition_n of_o faith_n in_o the_o second_o place_n he_o restrain_v ratiocination_n to_o a_o use_n which_o be_v more_o manifest_a be_v not_o the_o more_o noble_a for_o although_o it_o serve_v to_o clear_v doubtful_a thing_n yet_o be_v not_o that_o the_o only_a employment_n it_o have_v since_o it_o form_v the_o intelligence_n of_o man_n and_o angel_n where_o there_o be_v no_o place_n for_o doubt_n or_o suspension_n of_o judgement_n this_o action_n be_v perform_v in_o a_o instant_n as_o we_o have_v demonstrate_v in_o the_o three_o part._n to_o conclude_v he_o shut_v up_o all_o ratiocination_n in_o two_o species_n the_o one_o which_o serve_v to_o acquire_v the_o science_n who_o object_n be_v alone_a knowledge_n and_o ground_n itself_o only_o on_o unchangeable_a principle_n and_o be_v call_v contemplation_n the_o other_o principle_n be_v a_o practical_a end_n and_o be_v call_v deliberation_n but_o this_o division_n be_v not_o exact_a and_o leave_v divers_a ratiocination_n which_o can_v neither_o be_v relate_v to_o contemplation_n nor_o to_o deliberation_n for_o if_o this_o be_v only_o to_o be_v find_v in_o morality_n as_o aristotle_n teach_v what_o will_v become_v of_o all_o topick_n and_o probable_a syllogism_n what_o will_v become_v of_o the_o counsel_n of_o war_n consultation_n in_o physic_n in_o a_o word_n of_o of_o all_o ratiocination_n which_o be_v make_v in_o the_o art_n for_o it_o will_v not_o belong_v to_o contemplation_n since_o its_o principle_n be_v neither_o necessary_a nor_o unchangeable_a nor_o to_o deliberation_n since_o they_o have_v no_o practical_a end_n as_o aristotle_n understand_v it_o but_o what_o say_v m.c_o it_o be_v aristotle_n himself_o have_v propose_v this_o division_n be_v there_o any_o appearance_n that_o he_o understand_v not_o what_o he_o best_o know_v and_o that_o he_o have_v not_o study_v the_o nature_n and_o condition_n of_o ratiocination_n we_o shall_v never_o be_v trouble_v with_o this_o thought_n and_o we_o know_v that_o in_o his_o work_n wherein_o he_o shall_v have_v examine_v the_o nature_n of_o ratiocination_n to_o the_o bottom_n he_o have_v very_o well_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o he_o have_v a_o perfect_a knowledge_n thereof_o but_o we_o also_o know_v that_o he_o have_v not_o equal_o everywhere_o treat_v of_o thing_n and_o that_o there_o be_v place_n where_o he_o have_v examine_v they_o with_o all_o subtlety_n and_o with_o all_o the_o delicacy_n of_o science_n and_o other_o wherein_o he_o have_v speak_v but_o superficial_o and_o in_o most_o common_a notion_n it_o be_v what_o he_o say_v at_o the_o entry_n of_o his_o moral_n where_o he_o advertise_v the_o reader_n that_o in_o two_o sort_n of_o discourse_n he_o must_v not_o require_v a_o exact_a perquisition_n of_o thing_n but_o only_o that_o which_o belong_v to_o the_o subject_n we_o treat_v and_o that_o his_o design_n be_v gross_o and_o superficial_o to_o touch_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o matter_n which_o ought_v to_o enter_v into_o this_o work_n after_o have_v so_o clear_o explicate_v himself_o be_v it_o handsome_a for_o m._n c._n in_o the_o dispute_n we_o have_v where_o it_o be_v in_o question_n punctual_o to_o observe_v the_o nature_n and_o condition_n of_o discourse_n to_o use_v those_o passage_n of_o the_o work_n wherein_o the_o author_n himself_o protest_v he_o ought_v not_o to_o speak_v exact_o of_o thing_n beside_o aristotle_n make_v not_o this_o division_n and_o be_v
how_o evident_a soever_o they_o be_v of_o themselves_o which_o need_v no_o other_o knowledge_n but_o that_o of_o term_n and_o which_o natural_a light_n make_v we_o present_o comprehend_v yet_o aught_o to_o be_v know_v and_o prove_v by_o the_o induction_n now_o it_o be_v not_o that_o the_o induction_n give_v in_o the_o evidence_n but_o it_o be_v that_o it_o fortify_v and_o confirm_v it_o as_o have_v be_v say_v the_o second_o objection_n be_v that_o the_o conclusion_n draw_v its_o evidence_n and_o its_o proof_n from_o the_o antecedent_n proposition_n and_o consequent_o it_o ought_v of_o itself_o to_o be_v obscure_a and_o doubtful_a but_o we_o shall_v say_v that_o the_o proof_n of_o the_o conclusion_n be_v ever_o in_o power_n in_o the_o antecedent_n and_o not_o always_o in_o effect_n that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o be_v it_o necessary_a to_o prove_v the_o conclusion_n it_o may_v be_v do_v by_o the_o antecedent_n but_o when_o the_o conclusion_n be_v certain_a or_o evident_a of_o itself_o it_o need_v none_o of_o this_o proof_n unless_o for_o the_o reason_n before_o mention_v to_o wit_n to_o confirm_v the_o truth_n which_o she_o make_v know_v so_o that_o in_o this_o case_n the_o conclusion_n do_v not_o effective_o draw_v its_o evidence_n from_o the_o proposition_n which_o precede_v it_o and_o this_o maxim_n be_v not_o true_a as_o to_o the_o effect_n but_o for_o the_o conclusion_n which_o be_v obscure_a and_o doubtful_a whereto_o may_v be_v add_v what_o we_o have_v say_v in_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o three_o part_n that_o thing_n be_v know_v or_o unknown_a by_o the_o sense_n or_o by_o nature_n and_o that_o a_o conclusion_n may_v be_v know_v by_o one_o and_o unknown_a by_o another_o and_o then_o the_o antecedent_n will_v serve_v as_o a_o proof_n not_o for_o sensible_a evidence_n but_o for_o natural_a evidence_n so_o this_o proposition_n peter_n be_v risible_a be_v evident_a of_o itself_o by_o sense_n and_o experience_n and_o be_v it_o to_o be_v prove_v by_o a_o universal_a proposition_n it_o be_v but_o to_o give_v in_o the_o natural_a evidence_n which_o it_o have_v not_o after_o all_o this_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o sense_n the_o proof_n add_v thereunto_o whatever_o it_o be_v serve_v but_o to_o confirm_v the_o truth_n which_o be_v already_o know_v from_o elsewhere_o we_o may_v therefore_o reason_n on_o thing_n which_o be_v not_o obscure_v nor_o doubtful_a and_o consequent_o the_o evidence_n of_o mean_n be_v it_o as_o great_a as_o that_o of_o the_o end_n can_v hinder_v the_o soul_n from_o reason_v not_o only_o to_o apply_v they_o to_o that_o end_n but_o also_o to_o the_o operation_n which_o ought_v to_o follow_v this_o knowledge_n as_o we_o have_v before_o say_v that_o we_o can_v apply_v the_o mean_n to_o the_o end_n without_o ratiocination_n m._n c._n have_v then_o much_o deceive_v himself_o when_o he_o assure_v page_n 114._o that_o all_o the_o error_n of_o his_o adversary_n come_v but_o from_o that_o they_o imagine_v that_o its_o impossible_a to_o use_v mean_n to_o attain_v a_o end_n without_o reason_v for_o all_o what_o i_o have_v say_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v no_o error_n therein_o and_o all_o what_o he_o say_v afterward_o to_o show_v that_o there_o be_v prove_v nothing_o what_o he_o pretend_v first_o the_o example_n he_o bring_v of_o insensible_a thing_n which_o use_v mean_n to_o attain_v to_o their_o end_n without_o have_v any_o knowledge_n of_o it_o be_v altogether_o impertinent_a for_o the_o question_n here_o be_v not_o to_o know_v whether_o the_o employment_n of_o mean_n in_o general_a to_o attain_v a_o end_n require_v ratiocination_n the_o question_n be_v restrain_v to_o thing_n which_o operate_v with_o knowledge_n now_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o animal_n know_v the_o end_n to_o which_o they_o tend_v as_o we_o shall_v show_v hereafter_o and_o consequent_o they_o also_o know_v the_o mean_n to_o attain_v it_o and_o by_o the_o reason_n before_o allege_v they_o ought_v to_o reason_n to_o apply_v the_o mean_n to_o the_o end_n and_o to_o the_o practical_a judgement_n which_o they_o make_v before_o they_o make_v use_v of_o it_o it_o be_v true_a if_o there_o be_v a_o knowledge_n to_o be_v find_v by_o which_o we_o can_v employ_v those_o mean_n without_o make_v this_o judgement_n which_o devance_v all_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o appetite_n and_o which_o be_v the_o principle_n of_o all_o animal_n operation_n perhaps_o i_o may_v confess_v that_o ratiocination_n will_v be_v nothing_o necessary_a but_o where_o be_v this_o knowledge_n to_o be_v find_v since_o of_o all_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v in_o nature_n the_o animal_n only_o be_v know_v and_o that_o to_o operate_v they_o must_v judge_v that_o the_o thing_n be_v good_a and_o possible_a and_o that_o from_o the_o goodness_n and_o possibility_n they_o find_v in_o they_o they_o conclude_v that_o they_o must_v do_v they_o which_o can_v be_v without_o reason_v as_o we_o have_v demonstrate_v in_o the_o second_o place_n the_o example_n he_o add_v pag._n 114_o 115._o of_o child_n of_o fool_n as_o those_o benumb_a of_o timorous_a person_n etc._n etc._n who_o without_o reason_v as_o he_o say_v employ_v mean_n to_o do_v a_o thing_n all_o these_o example_n i_o say_v be_v useless_a to_o our_o question_n for_o they_o do_v exclude_v but_o the_o ratiocination_n of_o the_o superior_a part_n which_o be_v not_o here_o in_o question_n and_o presuppose_v the_o ratiocination_n of_o the_o imagination_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v that_o they_o do_v not_o employ_v mean_n without_o reason_v yes_o i_o grant_v that_o a_o child_n which_o reason_n not_o yet_o bring_v its_o hand_n to_o its_o face_n to_o take_v away_o what_o trouble_v it_o that_o fall_v he_o oppose_v they_o to_o save_v himself_o that_o he_o cast_v himself_o on_o his_o nurse_n breast_n that_o he_o use_v more_o strength_n in_o suck_v she_o as_o he_o have_v more_o need_n and_o hide_v itself_o from_o one_o who_o have_v fright_v it_o and_o use_v a_o hundred_o several_a mean_n for_o several_a end_n but_o although_o it_o be_v true_a that_o this_o child_n reason_n not_o yet_o it_o can_v yet_o be_v understand_v but_o of_o intellectual_a ratiocination_n and_o not_o of_o that_o of_o the_o imagination_n which_o go_v before_o all_o these_o action_n as_o we_o have_v show_v in_o several_a place_n of_o this_o work_n it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o those_o benumb_a who_o how_o little_a sense_n soever_o they_o have_v remain_v shrink_v back_o those_o part_n where_o they_o be_v grieve_v for_o so_o long_o as_o they_o still_o feel_v their_o imagination_n must_v work_v and_o move_v the_o appetite_n to_o these_o motion_n and_o consequent_o make_v that_o ratiocination_n which_o we_o have_v so_o often_o speak_v of_o we_o may_v say_v as_o much_o of_o a_o man_n who_o appetite_n prevent_v all_o the_o conclusion_n which_o his_o reason_n can_v make_v at_o the_o unexpected_a encounter_n of_o some_o spark_n of_o fire_n which_o burn_v he_o of_o timorous_a person_n who_o without_o reason_v fly_n from_o those_o thing_n which_o appear_v frightful_a and_o of_o those_o to_o who_o the_o sight_n of_o a_o serpent_n of_o a_o mouse_n or_o of_o such_o like_a make_v they_o out_o of_o countenance_n by_o the_o antipathy_n they_o have_v together_o for_o all_o this_o may_v well_o be_v without_o the_o intervention_n of_o the_o superior_a reason_n but_o not_o without_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o imagination_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n m._n c._n confound_v these_o two_o thing_n as_o well_o as_o the_o design_n and_o intention_n which_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o these_o two_o faculty_n since_o he_o say_v that_o all_o the_o action_n of_o the_o appetite_n be_v perform_v without_o design_n that_o we_o often_o laugh_v without_o any_o intention_n and_o that_o the_o apprehension_n of_o tickle_v cause_v we_o often_o to_o make_v involuntary_a shrug_n now_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o by_o this_o kind_n of_o speak_v we_o can_v say_v nothing_o but_o that_o these_o action_n be_v do_v without_o the_o design_n and_o intention_n of_o the_o superior_a part_n and_o it_o can_v fall_v into_o the_o thought_n of_o any_o reasonable_a person_n that_o from_o thence_o one_o may_v infer_v that_o they_o be_v do_v without_o the_o design_n and_o intention_n of_o the_o sensitive_a soul_n presuppose_v that_o it_o be_v capable_a of_o design_n and_o intention_n as_o we_o have_v show_v so_o that_o i_o pity_v m.c._n for_o have_v take_v so_o much_o pain_n to_o accumulate_v reason_n upon_o reason_n and_o heap_v example_n on_o example_n to_o prove_v a_o thing_n which_o be_v beside_o the_o question_n and_o to_o have_v forget_v the_o decisive_a point_n of_o our_o dispute_n true_o have_v he_o fall_v into_o the_o defect_n he_o reproach_v i_o to_o have_v do_v in_o some_o place_n to_o have_v make_v principle_n according_a to_o my_o fancy_n to_o draw_v from_o
but_o take_v heed_n to_o prove_v that_o they_o have_v this_o knowledge_n i_o make_v use_n of_o the_o reason_n with_o which_o they_o be_v endue_v he_o may_v well_o have_v perceive_v that_o i_o intend_v not_o thereby_o to_o prove_v that_o they_o do_v reason_n otherwise_o i_o shall_v have_v bring_v for_o a_o proof_n what_o now_o be_v in_o question_n but_o as_o it_o be_v a_o truth_n which_o i_o have_v demonstrate_v before_o i_o may_v make_v use_n of_o it_o to_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o they_o know_v the_o end_n and_o the_o mean_n because_o it_o be_v for_o reason_n to_o know_v they_o to_o compare_v thing_n one_o with_o another_o and_o to_o destine_v they_o to_o what_o use_v it_o please_v let_v not_o m._n c._n be_v scandalize_v on_o the_o word_n he_o take_v not_o away_o liberty_n as_o have_v be_v say_v already_o in_o the_o first_o part_n of_o this_o discourse_n for_o although_o beast_n choose_v not_o the_o mean_n and_o that_o at_o first_o they_o be_v determine_v by_o what_o first_o present_v itself_o or_o be_v most_o efficatious_a we_o may_v nevertheless_o say_v that_o they_o will_v that_o they_o desire_v and_o that_o they_o be_v please_v to_o make_v use_n of_o such_o a_o mean_n let_v we_o add_v to_o these_o two_o objection_n what_o he_o say_v 1._o that_o man_n reason_v not_o to_o prove_v the_o first_o principle_n 2._o that_o by_o reason_n they_o can_v persuade_v themselves_o to_o what_o the_o sense_n manifest_o show_v they_o 3._o because_o it_o be_v to_o overthrow_v the_o nature_n of_o ratiocination_n to_o employ_v as_o a_o proof_n what_o be_v more_o obscure_a than_o the_o thing_n which_o we_o will_v persuade_v 4._o and_o that_o they_o will_v laugh_v at_o a_o man_n who_o will_v discourse_v to_o know_v whether_o the_o first-step_n of_o a_o staircase_n serve_v for_o a_o mean_n to_o rise_v to_o the_o second_o 5._o that_o in_o fine_a among_o all_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v to_o be_v judge_v by_o sight_n only_o and_o report_v which_o be_v evident_a to_o the_o sense_n we_o only_o make_v use_v of_o simple_a conception_n 6._o and_o that_o if_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n and_o obscurity_n we_o need_v none_o of_o this_o examen_fw-la nor_o of_o this_o deliberation_n whereby_o he_o define_v ratiocination_n but_o how_o easy_o soever_o the_o answer_n which_o be_v to_o be_v make_v may_v be_v find_v to_o all_o these_o reason_n in_o the_o precedent_a discourse_n yet_o for_o m._n c_n satisfaction_n i_o shall_v answer_v to_o every_o one_o in_o particular_a first_o what_o he_o say_v of_o the_o first_o principle_n be_v not_o absolute_o true_a for_o if_o they_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o induction_n as_o aristotle_n teach_v we_o we_o must_v needs_o reason_n to_o prove_v they_o since_o the_o induction_n be_v a_o ratiocination_n on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v it_o true_a that_o we_o shall_v not_o reason_v to_o prove_v they_o i_o be_o very_a well_o assure_v that_o we_o can_v not_o know_v without_o reason_v because_o that_o beside_o that_o they_o be_v universal_a proposition_n and_o that_o the_o understanding_n can_v form_v no_o universal_a notion_n without_o discourse_n as_o have_v be_v show_v to_o conceive_v they_o it_o must_v needs_o compare_v the_o one_o with_o the_o other_o and_o consequent_o it_o must_v reason_n since_o without_o reason_v we_o can_v compare_v thing_n in_o effect_n we_o can_v say_v nor_o comprehend_v that_o the_o whole_a be_v great_a than_o its_o part_n not_o even_o conceive_v what_o the_o whole_a or_o the_o part_n be_v without_o compare_v the_o one_o with_o the_o other_o forasmuch_o as_o there_o be_v a_o mutual_a relation_n betwixt_o they_o which_o enter_v into_o the_o essence_n of_o either_o and_o that_o we_o can_v define_v the_o one_o but_o the_o other_o must_v enter_v into_o the_o definition_n it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o all_o the_o rest_n for_o when_o we_o say_v that_o a_o thing_n be_v or_o be_v not_o and_o that_o nothing_o be_v and_o be_v not_o at_o the_o same_o time_n we_o must_v compare_v the_o be_v with_o the_o not_o be_v and_o make_v a_o many_o reflection_n wherein_o necessary_o ratiocination_n must_v be_v involve_v it_o be_v true_a this_o be_v do_v so_o swift_o that_o it_o seem_v as_o if_o there_o be_v only_o simple_a notion_n at_o least_o the_o mind_n content_v itself_o to_o express_v by_o one_o only_a proposition_n all_o the_o progress_n it_o have_v make_v therein_o and_o will_v not_o any_o more_o explicate_v a_o thing_n which_o it_o well_o know_v that_o other_o with_o it_o conceive_v it_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n even_o as_o to_o witness_v that_o it_o consent_v or_o do_v not_o consent_n to_o what_o be_v propose_v there_o need_v but_o i_o or_o no_o although_o in_o themselves_o they_o make_v a_o entire_a discourse_n know_v well_o that_o these_o monosyllable_n will_v make_v it_o sufficient_o know_v as_o for_o the_o second_o proposition_n beside_o that_o it_o be_v not_o every_o way_n true_a and_o that_o there_o be_v a_o hundred_o encounter_n wherein_o reason_n persuade_v what_o experience_n and_o the_o sense_n manifest_o make_v know_v as_o we_o have_v show_v it_o be_v useless_a in_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n if_o it_o be_v not_o restrain_v to_o operation_n for_o i_o admit_v not_o that_o the_o imagination_n shall_v reason_v on_o the_o knowledge_n which_o the_o sense_n have_v of_o their_o object_n but_o on_o the_o application_n of_o this_o knowledge_n to_o operation_n so_o when_o the_o animal_n judge_v such_o a_o thing_n to_o be_v sweet_a or_o good_a to_o eat_v i_o understand_v not_o that_o it_o reason_n thereon_o but_o only_o when_o it_o from_o thence_o conclude_v that_o it_o must_v be_v eat_v and_o when_o he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v to_o overthrow_v the_o nature_n of_o ratiocination_n to_o make_v use_n of_o for_o a_o proof_n what_o be_v more_o obscure_a than_o the_o thing_n we_o will_v persuade_v this_o be_v true_a when_o we_o employ_v it_o for_o a_o absolute_a and_o necessary_a proof_n and_o not_o when_o it_o be_v but_o to_o confirm_v the_o evidence_n and_o certainty_n we_o have_v thereof_o this_o again_o may_v be_v true_a when_o we_o use_v this_o proof_n by_o choice_n and_o by_o election_n and_o not_o when_o it_o be_v by_o constraint_n and_o that_o of_o necessity_n we_o must_v pass_v by_o this_o middle_n to_o go_v to_o the_o conclusion_n as_o it_o happen_v in_o most_o of_o our_o reason_n and_o in_o all_o the_o reason_n of_o beast_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o way_n leave_v to_o laugh_v at_o a_o man_n who_o will_v reason_v to_o know_v whether_o the_o first_o step_n of_o a_o stair_n serve_v for_o the_o mean_n to_o get_v up_o to_o the_o second_o p._n 117._o for_o beside_o that_o he_o can_v consider_v the_o first_o degree_n as_o a_o mean_a to_o arrive_v at_o the_o second_o unless_o he_o compare_v they_o together_o if_o he_o apply_v the_o knowledge_n he_o have_v of_o it_o to_o the_o operation_n he_o must_v necessary_o reason_n neither_o can_v he_o do_v otherwise_o it_o be_v true_a that_o if_o he_o express_v by_o speech_n the_o reason_n he_o make_v thereon_o perhaps_o they_o may_v have_v occasion_n to_o mock_v he_o for_o speak_v a_o useless_a thing_n etc._n etc._n which_o all_o the_o world_n know_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n a_o man_n may_v render_v himself_o ridiculous_a if_o he_o will_v prove_v to_o a_o man_n that_o he_o be_v a_o man_n and_o such_o like_a thing_n which_o he_o can_v be_v ignorant_a of_o after_o all_o this_o i_o shall_v send_v back_o m.c._n to_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o my_o three_o part_n where_o he_o may_v find_v how_o the_o mean_n enter_v into_o ratiocination_n but_o must_v we_o still_o stay_v at_o the_o last_o of_o m._n c_n proposition_n which_o we_o have_v so_o full_o refute_v all_o our_o second_o part_n be_v employ_v to_o show_v that_o the_o imagination_n may_v make_v proposition_n of_o thing_n which_o be_v evident_a to_o the_o sense_n we_o every_o hour_n make_v the_o like_a and_o every_o moment_n we_o say_v that_o snow_n be_v white_a that_o the_o sun_n be_v luminous_a that_o time_n be_v obscure_a etc._n etc._n in_o the_o mean_a time_n these_o be_v not_o simple_a conception_n since_o they_o be_v true_a proposition_n and_o consequent_o it_o be_v false_a that_o in_o all_o thing_n which_o be_v judge_v by_o sight_n only_o and_o who_o report_n be_v evident_a to_o the_o sense_n we_o employ_v only_o simple_a conception_n to_o conclude_v we_o have_v make_v it_o appear_v in_o the_o four_o part_n that_o deliberation_n be_v not_o of_o the_o essence_n of_o ratiocination_n and_o that_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v define_v thereby_o as_o m._n c._n have_v do_v and_o true_o methinks_v for_o the_o love_n and_o respect_n which_o he_o owe_v the_o truth_n he_o will_v not_o oppose_v himself_o to_o what_o i_o here_o present_v he_o withal_o and_o that_o since_o he_o
have_v so_o free_o grant_v that_o beside_o contemplation_n and_o deliberation_n beast_n may_v do_v all_o what_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n can_v do_v he_o will_v also_o then_o confess_v with_o the_o same_o ingenuity_n that_o they_o perfect_o reason_n after_o we_o have_v show_v he_o that_o man_n may_v perfect_o reason_n without_o any_o contemplation_n or_o deliberation_n for_o although_o hitherto_o he_o have_v have_v cause_n to_o rest_v in_o those_o vulgar_a opinion_n which_o have_v not_o precise_o observe_v wherein_o the_o nature_n of_o discourse_n consist_v and_o which_o have_v not_o consider_v it_o but_o in_o the_o condition_n and_o in_o the_o quality_n which_o be_v nothing_o essential_a to_o it_o it_o be_v to_o be_v presume_v that_o have_v acknowledge_v the_o error_n in_o which_o they_o be_v he_o will_v now_o forsake_v they_o and_o join_v with_o i_o to_o make_v a_o more_o ample_a discovery_n of_o that_o truth_n which_o i_o have_v encounter_v and_o to_o give_v the_o last_o touch_v to_o perfect_v what_o perhaps_o i_o have_v only_a dead-coloured_n yes_o without_o doubt_n if_o he_o approve_v that_o all_o the_o action_n of_o ratiocination_n consist_v in_o this_o circular_a revolution_n which_o the_o soul_n make_v on_o these_o image_n and_o that_o the_o syllogism_n be_v not_o form_v but_o by_o the_o return_n she_o make_v on_o these_o first_o notion_n to_o join_v they_o with_o the_o latter_a perhaps_o he_o will_v also_o consent_v not_o only_o that_o to_o reason_n she_o need_v neither_o deliberate_a nor_o meditate_v and_o that_o in_o this_o knowledge_n she_o may_v be_v the_o sense_n slave_n and_o suffer_v herself_o to_o be_v force_v and_o necessitate_v to_o the_o first_o mean_n which_o present_v itself_o but_o likewise_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o this_o action_n which_o surpass_v the_o force_n of_o the_o imagination_n and_o that_o consequent_o child_n and_o animal_n may_v perfect_o reason_n if_o he_o look_v on_o the_o perfection_n which_o be_v essential_a to_o ratiocination_n and_o not_o to_o that_o which_o be_v strange_a and_o accidental_a for_o if_o there_o be_v perfect_a reason_n to_o be_v find_v in_o which_o the_o soul_n make_v no_o abstraction_n or_o reflection_n no_o universal_a notion_n nor_o any_o deliberation_n as_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o most_o part_n of_o expositive_a syllogism_n all_o these_o condition_n of_o necessity_n must_v not_o be_v essential_a to_o discourse_v and_o that_o that_o which_o be_v make_v in_o thing_n pure_o simple_a wherein_o not_o one_o of_o these_o circumstance_n meet_v must_v to_o speak_v proper_o and_o exact_o be_v a_o perfect_a ratiocination_n but_o we_o must_v give_v time_n to_o m._n c._n to_o resolve_v hereupon_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n let_v we_o see_v what_o he_o object_n against_o the_o language_n of_o beast_n chap._n iii_o the_o three_o objection_n of_o the_o language_n of_o beast_n if_o beast_n do_v reason_n they_o will_v reason_v not_o only_o together_o but_o even_o also_o with_o man_n they_o will_v speak_v with_o one_o another_o and_o if_o they_o be_v deprive_v of_o speech_n they_o will_v at_o least_o fancy_n to_o themselves_o as_o well_o as_o dumb_a person_n some_o sign_n and_o significative_a gesture_n to_o make_v themselves_o understand_v so_o that_o it_o be_v a_o evident_a token_n that_o they_o want_v reason_n since_o they_o can_v perform_v any_o of_o these_o thing_n which_o be_v the_o effect_n and_o natural_a sequels_fw-fr of_o ratiocination_n but_o those_o who_o make_v this_o objection_n do_v not_o heed_n that_o they_o lend_v we_o arm_n to_o combat_v they_o and_o that_o if_o we_o come_v to_o show_v that_o all_o these_o action_n be_v common_a and_o ordinary_a to_o beast_n they_o must_v of_o necessity_n confess_v that_o they_o have_v reason_n since_o they_o be_v as_o they_o say_v the_o effect_n and_o natural_a consequence_n of_o ratiocination_n now_o all_o the_o world_n agree_v that_o they_o communicate_v their_o thought_n and_o without_o consult_v the_o book_n of_o the_o learned_a every_o man_n of_o himself_o may_v make_v proof_n of_o this_o truth_n for_o a_o man_n must_v be_v extreme_o stupid_a not_o to_o observe_v that_o all_o beast_n which_o have_v the_o use_n of_o voice_n use_v it_o to_o make_v their_o desire_n know_v and_o that_o they_o have_v cry_n and_o different_a accent_n according_a as_o the_o several_a design_n which_o pleasure_n or_o grief_n hope_v or_o fear_v inspire_v in_o they_o do_v they_o not_o intercal_a themselves_o when_o they_o be_v in_o love_n when_o they_o want_v help_v when_o they_o have_v find_v any_o food_n which_o they_o may_v impart_v to_o other_o for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o if_o a_o sparrow_n come_v to_o a_o place_n where_o there_o be_v much_o corn_n he_o will_v call_v the_o rest_n unto_o it_o and_o that_o a_o wolf_n have_v find_v a_o carrion_n will_v bring_v his_o companion_n to_o it_o some_o even_o say_v that_o either_o of_o they_o diversify_v its_o voice_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n they_o encounter_v and_o that_o that_o mark_n by_o a_o particular_a accent_n whether_o it_o be_v wheat_n barley_n or_o buck_n which_o they_o have_v find_v and_o this_o have_v its_o different_a roar_n when_o it_o be_v the_o carrion_n of_o a_o horse_n or_o when_o it_o be_v that_o of_o a_o ass_n but_o without_o examine_v the_o truth_n of_o so_o curious_a a_o observation_n can_v we_o observe_v a_o dog_n shut_v up_o in_o any_o place_n present_o begin_v to_o make_v long_o sigh_n and_o afterward_o change_v they_o into_o redouble_a barking_n and_o last_o of_o all_o howl_n out_o till_o he_o be_v out_o of_o breath_n without_o fancy_v that_o he_o will_v make_v it_o appear_v by_o these_o different_a cry_v the_o several_a passion_n which_o his_o captivity_n cause_v he_o and_o whoever_o perceive_v little_a chicken_n fly_v and_o hide_v themselves_o at_o the_o instant_n when_o they_o hear_v the_o hen_n cry_v and_o afterward_o return_v again_o under_o her_o wing_n when_o she_o use_v another_o follow_v and_o run_v to_o feed_v according_a as_o she_o diversify_v her_o voice_n will_v doubtless_o judge_v that_o there_o be_v a_o communication_n of_o thought_n among_o they_o and_o some_o kind_n of_o language_n whereby_o they_o make_v themselves_o understand_v one_o another_o and_o certain_o whoever_o observe_v that_o of_o all_o bird_n will_v make_v no_o difficulty_n to_o believe_v that_o tiresias_n melampus_n and_o apollonius_n have_v former_o understand_v it_o and_o if_o that_o any_o man_n will_v apply_v himself_o unto_o it_o he_o may_v yet_o learn_v it_o and_o that_o its_o even_o easy_a by_o imitate_v it_o to_o entertain_v one_o self_n with_o they_o since_o in_o some_o manner_n we_o daily_o do_v it_o when_o we_o take_v they_o by_o the_o whistle_n and_o that_o we_o bring_v they_o whether_o we_o please_v by_o counterfeit_v their_o voice_n and_o accent_n but_o it_o be_v not_o only_o by_o voice_n that_o beast_n make_v themselves_o understand_v the_o look_v the_o mind_n and_o the_o gesture_n also_o serve_v they_o for_o the_o same_o purpose_n they_o know_v as_o well_o in_o one_o the_o other_o eye_n the_o passion_n they_o have_v and_o a_o dog_n will_v see_v in_o the_o forehead_n of_o a_o mastiff_n whether_o he_o may_v with_o security_n approach_v he_o and_o whether_o he_o be_v in_o sportful_a humour_n do_v he_o not_o threaten_v when_o he_o show_v his_o tooth_n when_o his_o hair_n stand_v a_o end_n and_o when_o he_o look_v through_o he_o who_o assault_v he_o in_o fine_a all_o his_o corvet_n and_o his_o carress_a posture_n all_o the_o flatter_a motion_n of_o his_o tail_n and_o ear_n which_o he_o make_v when_o he_o accost_v his_o master_n be_v but_o so_o many_o sign_n and_o very_o significative_a gesture_n of_o the_o desire_n he_o have_v to_o please_v he_o now_o if_o beast_n communicate_v their_o thought_n together_o of_o necessity_n they_o must_v entertain_v one_o the_o other_o and_o even_o they_o must_v reason_v together_o and_o that_o the_o discourse_n must_v enter_v their_o thought_n as_o we_o have_v declare_v and_o have_v we_o bring_v no_o proof_n of_o this_o truth_n we_o can_v not_o conceive_v that_o they_o make_v their_o intention_n know_v to_o give_v or_o ask_v help_n to_z or_o from_o one_o another_o but_o we_o must_v believe_v that_o they_o form_n a_o perfect_a ratiocination_n for_o there_o be_v so_o many_o judgement_n to_o be_v make_v in_o these_o encounter_n so_o many_o consequence_n to_o be_v deduce_v so_o many_o progress_v which_o the_o soul_n make_v from_o cause_n to_o the_o effect_n from_o sign_n to_o thing_n signify_v and_o from_o good_n and_o ill_n present_v to_o those_o which_o be_v past_a and_o to_o come_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a but_o we_o must_v find_v the_o form_n and_o contexture_n of_o discourse_n i_o will_v willing_o ask_v our_o adversary_n if_o when_o a_o hen_n have_v find_v some_o grain_n call_v her_o chicken_n to_o impart_v it_o to_o
no_o more_o from_o we_o than_o we_o do_v from_o they_o and_o therefore_o since_o the_o most_o stupid_a among_o man_n may_v so_o easy_o imitate_v what_o we_o call_v the_o speech_n of_o beast_n there_o be_v nothing_o which_o can_v hinder_v they_o from_o learning_n of_o we_o all_o this_o ratiocination_n confirm_v what_o i_o have_v say_v before_o that_o this_o be_v but_o a_o pastime_n for_o m._n c_n spirit_n to_o divert_v itself_o before_o it_o enter_v into_o a_o more_o serious_a examen_fw-la for_o beside_o that_o he_o believe_v not_o that_o all_o animal_n have_v proper_a organ_n to_o imitate_v the_o language_n of_o man_n and_o that_o there_o be_v only_a parrot_n and_o pie_n and_o some_o other_o which_o have_v this_o privilege_n for_o those_o reason_n which_o be_v know_v to_o all_o the_o world_n it_o be_v not_o likely_a that_o he_o shall_v approve_v the_o way_n of_o argument_n he_o here_o use_v since_o that_o if_o it_o be_v good_a in_o his_o way_n we_o may_v prove_v thing_n most_o false_a and_o most_o extravagant_a on_o the_o model_n he_o make_v may_v we_o not_o say_v that_o the_o dog_n paw_n differ_v no_o more_o from_o the_o hand_n than_o the_o hand_n differ_v from_o the_o dog_n paw_v and_o that_o therefore_o since_o the_o most_o stupid_a among_o man_n may_v do_v with_o his_o hand_n whatsoever_o a_o dog_n can_v do_v with_o his_o paw_n nothing_o can_v hinder_v a_o dog_n from_o do_v with_o his_o paw_n when_o man_n do_v with_o the_o hand_n that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o nothing_o hinder_v but_o that_o he_o may_v write_v play_v upon_o instrument_n and_o do_v what_o art_n execute_v with_o the_o hand_n by_o this_o wonderful_a way_n of_o reason_v we_o may_v also_o prove_v that_o a_o fool_n be_v a_o very_a able_a man_n that_o a_o ignorant_a be_v very_o know_v that_o man_n be_v as_o intelligent_a as_o angel_n and_o even_o that_o they_o be_v as_o powerful_a as_o god_n and_o a_o thousand_o such_o like_a extravagancy_n at_o least_o say_v he_o p._n 191._o those_o bird_n which_o learn_v our_o language_n shall_v make_v use_n of_o it_o to_o discourse_v with_o we_o and_o to_o demand_v from_o we_o their_o necessity_n and_o since_o they_o do_v it_o not_o it_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o they_o do_v neither_o speak_v nor_o reason_n it_o be_v to_o exact_v from_o they_o thing_n we_o will_v not_o exact_v from_o m._n c._n have_v we_o teach_v he_o to_o speak_v as_o we_o do_v they_o for_o when_o we_o teach_v they_o we_o design_v only_o to_o make_v they_o learn_v the_o sound_n of_o the_o word_n without_o mind_v to_o make_v they_o comprehend_v the_o sense_n and_o in_o the_o way_n it_o be_v teach_v they_o it_o be_v almost_o impossible_a that_o that_o they_o can_v conceive_v what_o be_v signify_v by_o they_o because_o we_o never_o repeat_v a_o word_n but_o the_o circumstance_n and_o object_n with_o which_o it_o be_v at_o first_o accompany_v be_v change_v and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o place_n to_o fix_v their_o thought_n on_o one_o only_a signification_n see_v so_o many_o different_a thing_n whereto_o the_o word_n they_o learn_v may_v be_v apply_v for_o my_o part_n it_o be_v nothing_o difficult_a for_o i_o to_o believe_v that_o if_o in_o teach_v a_o parrot_n the_o word_n bread_n be_v only_o present_v to_o it_o principalement_n when_o it_o have_v need_v to_o eat_v that_o at_o last_o it_o may_v comprehend_v that_o that_o word_n wherever_o it_o be_v will_v signify_v bread_n and_o why_o may_v it_o not_o be_v capable_a of_o this_o knowledge_n since_o dog_n not_o only_o do_v very_o well_o understand_v the_o name_n impose_v on_o they_o but_o all_o other_o word_n which_o use_v to_o make_v they_o do_v so_o many_o several_a thing_n as_o they_o have_v be_v teach_v for_o all_o the_o word_n we_o give_v they_o be_v sign_n by_o which_o we_o make_v they_o comprehend_v the_o intention_n we_o have_v that_o they_o shall_v do_v what_o we_o require_v they_o so_o that_o in_o do_v they_o they_o comprehend_v the_o sense_n we_o mean_v by_o these_o word_n yet_o because_o we_o will_v no_o long_o insist_v hereupon_o it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o say_v that_o m._n c_n reason_n be_v not_o conclude_v since_o child_n which_o we_o teach_v latin_a be_v not_o oblige_v to_o use_v it_o to_o entertain_v themselves_o with_o other_o nor_o to_o demand_v their_o necessity_n bird_n which_o have_v be_v teach_v to_o speak_v have_v as_o they_o have_v another_o language_n which_o they_o use_v for_o such_o thing_n as_o that_o which_o be_v more_o familiar_a and_o consequent_o more_o easy_a and_o certain_o we_o may_v be_v assure_v that_o it_o be_v with_o man_n and_o beast_n when_o they_o speak_v together_o as_o it_o be_v with_o two_o stranger_n which_o entertain_v themselves_o every_o one_o in_o its_o natural_a language_n for_o a_o man_n speak_v to_o they_o in_o his_o language_n and_o beast_n also_o speak_v in_o they_o and_o it_o happen_v also_o to_o they_o as_o to_o those_o stranger_n that_o they_o often_o understand_v one_o another_o and_o that_o often_o they_o not_o at_o all_o understand_v have_v not_o a_o full_a knowledge_n of_o the_o language_n which_o either_o of_o they_o make_v use_n of_o but_o it_o be_v to_o study_v too_o much_o on_o m._n c_n divertisement_n which_o from_o sport_n of_o the_o mind_n by_o a_o long_a examen_fw-la may_v become_v the_o play_n of_o child_n and_o provoke_v the_o reader_n wrath_n to_o see_v we_o so_o ill_o employ_v both_o we_o and_o his_o time_n it_o be_v sufficient_a for_o he_o to_o know_v that_o i_o have_v have_v a_o care_n of_o his_o honour_n when_o in_o my_o first_o discourse_n i_o discharge_v his_o objection_n of_o all_o its_o weakness_n and_o that_o i_o shall_v never_o have_v think_v to_o have_v speak_v of_o they_o here_o have_v he_o not_o reproduced_a to_o light_v and_o rank_v they_o at_o the_o entrance_n of_o his_o chapter_n let_v we_o now_o go_v to_o more_o important_a thing_n and_o see_v how_o he_o have_v weaken_v or_o baffle_v the_o answer_n we_o make_v to_o this_o latter_a objection_n beast_n communicate_v thought_n on_o what_o i_o propose_v that_o we_o can_v not_o doubt_v but_o that_o beast_n communicate_v their_o thought_n not_o only_o by_o the_o voice_n but_o also_o by_o the_o gesture_n mind_n look_v he_o â—ests_v agree_v but_o say_v he_o page_z 162._o that_o we_o can_v infer_v from_o thence_o that_o they_o speak_v together_o all_o communication_n of_o thought_n be_v not_o speech_n and_o speech_n be_v not_o all_o what_o the_o think_v mark_n which_o he_o prove_v 1._o because_o speech_n be_v not_o a_o natural_a sign_n but_o a_o sign_n of_o institution_n which_o have_v no_o signification_n but_o that_o which_o be_v impose_v on_o it_o by_o the_o agreement_n and_o consent_n make_v among_o those_o which_o use_v it_o 2._o for_o as_o much_o as_o to_o make_v use_n of_o speech_n and_o to_o be_v able_a to_o say_v we_o speak_v we_o must_v have_v a_o design_n to_o express_v our_o thought_n by_o it_o and_o know_v that_o it_o be_v a_o sign_n to_o make_v ourselves_o understand_v whence_o he_o conclude_v that_o beast_n do_v not_o speak_v forasmuch_o as_o the_o diversity_n which_o be_v in_o their_o voice_n come_v from_o nature_n and_o not_o from_o institution_n and_o that_o they_o express_v their_o thought_n by_o this_o diversity_n without_o have_v intention_n to_o express_v they_o and_o without_o know_v that_o it_o be_v a_o mean_n to_o make_v themselves_o understand_v but_o not_o to_o foil_v m._n c._n at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o examen_fw-la we_o intend_v of_o all_o these_o proposition_n and_o to_o let_v he_o know_v that_o i_o be_o a_o tractable_a man_n who_o will_v not_o use_v he_o rigorous_o i_o shall_v consent_v to_o two_o of_o his_o reason_n so_o as_o he_o will_v give_v i_o leave_v to_o deny_v the_o consequence_n he_o draw_v from_o they_o for_o as_o for_o the_o first_o i_o hold_v with_o he_o that_o speech_n be_v a_o sign_n we_o make_v use_v of_o to_o make_v know_v our_o thought_n which_o be_v not_o natural_a and_o be_v introduce_v by_o the_o agreement_n and_o consentment_n make_v among_o those_o which_o use_v it_o but_o i_o hold_v also_o that_o this_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v but_o of_o human_a speech_n so_o that_o all_o what_o he_o can_v infer_v from_o thence_o be_v that_o beast_n do_v not_o speak_v the_o language_n of_o man_n and_o use_v not_o humane_a speech_n to_o make_v their_o thought_n understand_v which_o i_o will_v not_o contest_v with_o he_o the_o point_n of_o our_o question_n consist_v not_o therein_o we_o be_v to_o know_v whether_o beast_n have_v a_o speech_n different_a from_o that_o of_o man_n now_o it_o be_v to_o reason_n ill_o to_o say_v that_o beast_n have_v not_o a_o speech_n different_a from_o that_o of_o man_n because_o they_o have_v not_o that_o of_o men._n