reduce_v it_o to_o insensible_a part_n can_v never_o take_v away_o either_o solidity_n extension_n figure_n or_o mobility_n from_o any_o body_n but_o only_o make_v two_o distinct_a body_n or_o more_o of_o one_o which_o altogether_o after_o division_n have_v their_o certain_a number_n §_o 11._o the_o next_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v be_v how_o body_n operate_v one_o upon_o another_o and_o that_o be_v manifest_o by_o impulse_n and_o nothing_o else_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o conceive_v that_o body_n shall_v operate_v on_o what_o it_o do_v not_o touch_v which_o be_v all_o one_o as_o to_o imagine_v it_o can_v operate_v where_o it_o be_v not_o or_o when_o it_o do_v touch_v operate_v any_o other_o way_n than_o by_o motion_n §_o 12._o if_o then_o body_n can_v operate_v at_o a_o distance_n if_o external_a object_n be_v not_o unite_v to_o our_o mind_n when_o they_o produce_v idea_n in_o it_o and_o yet_o we_o perceive_v these_o original_a quality_n in_o such_o of_o they_o as_o single_o fall_v under_o our_o sense_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o some_o motion_n must_v be_v thence_o continue_v by_o our_o nerve_n or_o animal_n spirit_n by_o some_o part_n of_o our_o body_n to_o the_o brain_n the_o seat_n of_o sensation_n there_o to_o produce_v in_o our_o mind_n the_o particular_a idea_n we_o have_v of_o they_o and_o since_o the_o extension_n figure_n number_n and_o motion_n of_o body_n of_o a_o observable_a bigness_n may_v be_v perceive_v at_o a_o distance_n by_o the_o sight_n it_o be_v evident_a some_o single_o imperceptible_a body_n must_v come_v from_o they_o to_o the_o eye_n and_o thereby_o convey_v to_o the_o brain_n some_o motion_n which_o produce_v these_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o they_o in_o we_o §_o 13._o after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o the_o idea_n of_o these_o original_a quality_n be_v produce_v in_o we_o we_o may_v conceive_v that_o the_o idea_n of_o secundary_a quality_n be_v also_o produce_v viz._n by_o the_o operation_n of_o insensible_a particle_n on_o our_o sense_n for_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o there_o be_v body_n and_o good_a store_n of_o body_n each_o whereof_o be_v so_o small_a that_o we_o can_v by_o any_o of_o our_o sense_n discover_v either_o their_o bulk_n figure_n or_o motion_n as_o be_v evident_a in_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o air_n and_o water_n and_o other_o extreme_o small_a than_o those_o perhaps_o as_o much_o less_o than_o the_o particle_n of_o air_n or_o water_n as_o the_o particle_n of_o air_n or_o water_n be_v small_a than_o pease_n or_o hailstone_n let_v we_o suppose_v at_o present_a that_o the_o different_a motion_n and_o figure_n bulk_n and_o number_n of_o such_o particle_n affect_v the_o several_a organ_n of_o our_o sense_n produce_v in_o we_o those_o different_a sensation_n which_o we_o have_v from_o the_o colour_n and_o smell_v of_o body_n v_o g._n a_o violet_n by_o which_o impulse_n of_o those_o insensible_a particle_n of_o matter_n of_o different_a figure_n and_o bulk_n and_o in_o a_o different_a degree_n and_o modification_n we_o may_v have_v the_o idea_n of_o the_o blue_a colour_n and_o sweet_a scent_n of_o a_o violet_n produce_v in_o our_o mind_n it_o be_v no_o more_o conceive_v impossible_a to_o conceive_v that_o god_n shall_v annex_v such_o idea_n to_o such_o motion_n with_o which_o they_o have_v no_o similitude_n than_o that_o he_o shall_v annex_v the_o idea_n of_o pain_n to_o the_o motion_n of_o a_o piece_n of_o steel_n divide_v our_o flesh_n with_o which_o that_o idea_n have_v no_o resemblance_n §_o 14._o what_o i_o have_v say_v concern_v colour_n and_o smell_v may_v be_v understand_v also_o of_o taste_n and_o sound_v and_o other_o the_o like_o sensible_a quality_n which_o whatever_o reality_n we_o by_o mistake_n attribute_n to_o they_o be_v in_o truth_n nothing_o in_o the_o object_n themselves_o but_o power_n to_o produce_v various_a sensation_n in_o we_o and_o depend_v on_o those_o primary_n quality_n viz._n bulk_n figure_n texture_n and_o motion_n of_o part_n and_o therefore_o i_o call_v they_o secundary_a quality_n §_o 15._o from_o whence_o i_o think_v it_o be_v easy_a to_o draw_v this_o observation_n that_o the_o idea_n of_o primary_n quality_n of_o body_n be_v resemblance_n of_o they_o and_o their_o pattern_n do_v real_o exist_v in_o the_o body_n themselves_o but_o the_o idea_n produce_v in_o we_o by_o these_o secundary_a quality_n have_v no_o resemblance_n of_o they_o at_o all_o there_o be_v nothing_o like_o our_o idea_n exist_v in_o the_o body_n themselves_o they_o be_v in_o the_o body_n we_o denominate_v from_o they_o only_o a_o power_n to_o produce_v those_o sensation_n in_o we_o and_o what_o be_v sweet_a blue_n or_o warm_a in_o idea_n be_v but_o the_o certain_a bulk_n figure_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o insensible_a part_n in_o the_o body_n themselves_o we_o call_v so_o §_o 16._o flame_n be_v denominate_v hot_a and_o lighâ—â—_n snow_n white_a and_o cold_a and_o manna_n white_a and_o sweet_a from_o the_o idea_n thâ—â—_n produce_v in_o we_o which_o quality_n be_v common_o think_v to_o be_v the_o same_o in_o those_o body_n that_o those_o idea_n be_v in_o we_o the_o one_o the_o perfect_a resemblance_n of_o the_o other_o as_o they_o be_v in_o a_o mirror_n and_o it_o will_v by_o most_o man_n be_v judge_v very_o extravagant_a if_o one_o shall_v say_v otherwise_o and_o yet_o he_o that_o will_v consider_v that_o the_o same_o fire_n that_o at_o one_o distance_n produce_v in_o we_o the_o sensation_n of_o warmth_n do_v at_o a_o near_a approach_n produce_v in_o we_o the_o far_o different_a sensation_n of_o pain_n aught_o to_o bethink_v himself_o what_o reason_n he_o have_v to_o say_v that_o his_o idea_n of_o warmth_n which_o be_v produce_v in_o he_o by_o the_o fire_n be_v actual_o in_o the_o fire_n and_o his_o idea_n of_o pain_n which_o the_o same_o fire_n produce_v in_o he_o the_o same_o way_n be_v not_o in_o the_o fire_n why_o be_v whiteness_n and_o coldness_n in_o snow_n and_o pain_n not_o when_o it_o produce_v the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o idea_n in_o we_o and_o can_v do_v neither_o but_o by_o the_o bulk_n figure_n number_n and_o motion_n of_o its_o solid_a part_n §_o 17._o the_o particular_a bulk_n number_n figure_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o fire_n or_o snow_n be_v real_o in_o they_o whether_o any_o one_o sense_n perceive_v they_o or_o no_o and_o therefore_o they_o may_v be_v call_v real_a quality_n they_o real_o exist_v in_o those_o body_n but_o light_n heatt_z whiteness_n or_o coldness_n be_v no_o more_o real_o in_o they_o than_o sickness_n or_o pain_n be_v in_o manna_n take_v away_o the_o sensation_n of_o they_o let_v not_o the_o eye_n see_v light_a or_o colour_n nor_o the_o ear_n hear_v sound_n let_v the_o palate_n not_o taste_n nor_o the_o nose_n smell_v and_o all_o colour_n taste_n odour_n and_o sound_v as_o they_o be_v such_o particular_a idea_n vanish_v and_o cease_v and_o be_v reduce_v to_o their_o cause_n i._n e._n bulk_n figure_n and_o motion_n of_o part_n §_o 18._o a_o piece_n of_o manna_n of_o a_o sensible_a bulk_n be_v able_a to_o produce_v in_o we_o the_o idea_n of_o a_o round_a or_o square_a figure_n and_o by_o be_v remove_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o the_o idea_n of_o motion_n this_o idea_n of_o motion_n represent_v it_o as_o it_o real_o be_v in_o the_o manna_n move_v a_o circle_n or_o square_n be_v the_o same_o whether_o in_o idea_n or_o existence_n in_o the_o mind_n or_o in_o the_o manna_n and_o this_o both_o motion_n and_o figure_n be_v real_o in_o the_o manna_n whether_o we_o take_v notice_n of_o they_o or_o no_o this_o every_o body_n be_v ready_a to_o agree_v to_o beside_o manna_n by_o the_o bulk_n figure_n texture_n and_o motion_n of_o its_o part_n have_v a_o power_n to_o produce_v the_o sensation_n of_o sickness_n and_o sometime_o of_o acute_a pain_n or_o gripe_n in_o we_o that_o these_o idea_n of_o sickness_n and_o pain_n be_v not_o in_o the_o manna_n but_o effect_n of_o its_o operation_n on_o we_o and_o be_v no_o where_o when_o we_o feel_v they_o not_o this_o also_o every_o one_o ready_o agree_v to_o and_o yet_o man_n be_v hardly_o to_o be_v bring_v to_o think_v that_o sweetness_n and_o whiteness_n be_v not_o real_o in_o manna_n which_o be_v but_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o operation_n of_o manna_n by_o the_o motion_n size_n and_o figure_n of_o its_o particle_n on_o the_o eye_n and_o palate_n as_o the_o pain_n and_o sickness_n cause_v by_o manna_n be_v confess_o nothing_o but_o the_o effect_n of_o its_o operation_n on_o the_o stomach_n and_o gut_n by_o the_o size_n motion_n and_o figure_n of_o its_o insensible_a part_n for_o by_o nothing_o else_o can_v a_o body_n operate_v as_o have_v be_v prove_v as_o if_o it_o can_v not_o operate_v on_o the_o eye_n and_o palate_n and_o
find_v to_o reach_v very_o far_o but_o so_o far_o as_o it_o do_v it_o will_v still_o be_v real_a knowledge_n whatever_o idea_n we_o have_v the_o agreement_n we_o find_v they_o have_v with_o other_o will_v still_o be_v knowledge_n if_o those_o idea_n be_v abstract_n it_o will_v be_v general_a knowledge_n but_o to_o make_v it_o real_a concern_v substance_n the_o idea_n must_v be_v take_v from_o the_o real_a existence_n of_o thing_n whatever_o simple_a idea_n have_v be_v find_v to_o co-exist_a in_o any_o substance_n these_o we_o may_v with_o confidence_n join_v together_o again_o and_o so_o make_v abstract_a idea_n of_o substance_n for_o whatever_o have_v once_o have_v a_o union_n in_o nature_n may_v be_v unite_v again_o §_o 13._o this_o if_o we_o right_o consider_v and_o confine_v not_o our_o thought_n and_o abstract_a idea_n to_o name_n as_o if_o there_o be_v or_o can_v be_v no_o other_o sort_n of_o thing_n than_o what_o know_a name_n have_v already_o determine_v and_o as_o it_o be_v set_v out_o we_o shall_v think_v of_o thing_n with_o great_a freedom_n and_o less_o confusion_n than_o perhaps_o we_o do_v it_o will_v possible_o be_v think_v a_o bold_a paradox_n if_o not_o a_o very_a dangerous_a falsehood_n if_o i_o shall_v say_v that_o some_o changeling_n who_o have_v live_v forty_o year_n together_o without_o any_o appearance_n of_o reason_n be_v something_o between_o a_o man_n and_o a_o beast_n which_o prejudice_n be_v found_v upon_o nothing_o else_o but_o a_o false_a supposition_n that_o these_o two_o name_n man_n and_o beast_n stand_v for_o distinct_a species_n so_o set_v out_o by_o real_a essence_n that_o there_o can_v come_v no_o other_o species_n between_o they_o whereas_o if_o we_o will_v abstract_n from_o those_o name_n and_o the_o supposition_n of_o such_o specific_a essence_n make_v by_o nature_n wherein_o all_o thing_n of_o the_o same_o denomination_n do_v exact_o and_o equal_o partake_v if_o we_o will_v not_o fancy_n that_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a number_n of_o these_o essence_n wherein_o all_o thing_n as_o in_o mould_v be_v cast_v and_o form_v we_o shall_v find_v that_o the_o idea_n of_o the_o shape_n motion_n and_o life_n of_o a_o man_n without_o reason_n be_v as_o much_o as_o distinct_a idea_n and_o make_v as_o much_o a_o distinct_a sort_n of_o thing_n from_o man_n and_o beast_n as_o the_o idea_n of_o the_o shape_n of_o a_o ass_n with_o reason_n will_v be_v different_a from_o either_o that_o of_o man_n or_o beast_n and_o be_v a_o species_n of_o a_o animal_n between_o or_o distinct_a from_o both_o §_o 14._o here_o every_o body_n will_v be_v ready_a to_o ask_v if_o changeling_n may_v be_v suppose_v something_o between_o man_n and_o beast_n pray_o what_o be_v they_o i_o answer_v changeling_n which_o be_v as_o good_a a_o word_n to_o signify_v something_o different_a from_o the_o signification_n of_o man_n or_o beast_n as_o the_o name_n man_n and_o beast_n be_v to_o have_v signification_n different_a one_o from_o the_o other_o this_o well_o consider_v will_v resolve_v this_o matter_n and_o show_v my_o meaning_n without_o any_o more_o ado_n but_o i_o be_o not_o so_o unacquainted_a with_o the_o zeal_n of_o some_o man_n which_o enable_v they_o to_o spin_v consequence_n and_o to_o see_v religion_n threaten_v whenever_o any_o one_o venture_n to_o quit_v their_o form_n of_o speak_v as_o not_o to_o foresee_v what_o name_n such_o a_o proposition_n as_o this_o be_v like_a to_o be_v charge_v with_o and_o without_o doubt_n it_o will_v be_v ask_v if_o changeling_n be_v something_o between_o man_n and_o beast_n what_o will_v become_v of_o they_o in_o the_o other_o world_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v 1._o it_o concern_v i_o not_o to_o know_v or_o inquire_v to_o their_o own_o master_n they_o stand_v or_o fall_v it_o will_v make_v their_o state_n neither_o better_o nor_o worse_o whether_o we_o determine_v any_o thing_n of_o it_o or_o no_o they_o be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o faithful_a creator_n and_o a_o bountiful_a father_n who_o dispose_v not_o of_o his_o creature_n according_a to_o our_o narrow_a thought_n or_o opinion_n nor_o distinguish_v they_o according_a to_o name_n and_o species_n of_o our_o contrivance_n and_o we_o that_o know_v so_o little_a of_o this_o present_a world_n we_o be_v in_o may_v i_o think_v content_v ourselves_o without_o be_v peremptory_a in_o define_v the_o different_a state_n creature_n shall_v come_v into_o when_o they_o go_v off_o this_o stage_n it_o may_v suffice_v we_o that_o he_o have_v make_v know_v to_o all_o those_o who_o be_v capable_a of_o instruction_n discourse_n and_o reason_v that_o they_o shall_v come_v to_o a_o account_n and_o receive_v according_a to_o what_o they_o have_v do_v in_o this_o body_n §_o 15._o but_o second_o i_o answer_v the_o force_n of_o these_o man_n question_n viz._n will_v you_o deprive_v changeling_n of_o a_o future_a state_n be_v found_v on_o one_o of_o two_o supposition_n which_o be_v both_o false_a the_o first_o be_v that_o all_o thing_n that_o have_v the_o outward_a shape_n and_o appearance_n of_o a_o man_n must_v necessary_o be_v design_v to_o a_o immortal_a future_a be_v after_o this_o life_n or_o second_o that_o whatever_o be_v of_o (null)_o birth_n must_v be_v so_o take_v away_o these_o imagination_n and_o such_o question_n will_v be_v groundless_a and_o ridiculous_a i_o desire_v then_o those_o who_o think_v there_o be_v no_o more_o but_o a_o accidental_a difference_n between_o themselves_o and_o changeling_n the_o essence_n in_o both_o be_v exact_o the_o same_o to_o consider_v whether_o they_o can_v imagine_v immortality_n annex_v to_o any_o outward_a shape_n of_o the_o body_n the_o very_a propose_v it_o be_v i_o suppose_v enough_o to_o make_v they_o disow_v it_o no_o one_o yet_o that_o ever_o i_o hear_v of_o how_o much_o soever_o immerse_v in_o matter_n allow_v that_o excellency_n to_o any_o figure_n of_o the_o gross_a sensible_a outward_a part_n as_o to_o affirm_v eternal_a life_n due_a to_o it_o or_o necessary_a consequence_n of_o it_o or_o that_o any_o mass_n of_o matter_n shall_v after_o its_o dissolution_n here_o be_v again_o restore_v hereafter_o to_o a_o everlasting_a state_n of_o sense_n perception_n and_o knowledge_n only_o because_o it_o be_v mould_v into_o this_o or_o that_o figure_n and_o have_v such_o a_o particular_a frame_n of_o its_o visible_a part_n such_o a_o opinion_n as_o this_o place_v immortality_n in_o a_o certain_a superficial_a figure_n turn_v out_o of_o door_n all_o consideration_n of_o soul_n or_o spirit_n and_o upon_o who_o account_n alone_o some_o corporeal_a being_n have_v hitherto_o be_v conclude_v immortal_a and_o other_o not_o this_o be_v to_o attribute_v more_o to_o the_o outside_n than_o inside_n of_o thing_n to_o place_v the_o excellency_n of_o a_o man_n more_o in_o the_o external_a shape_n of_o his_o body_n than_o internal_a perfection_n of_o his_o soul_n which_o be_v but_o little_o better_a than_o to_o annex_v the_o great_a and_o inestimable_a advantage_n of_o immortality_n and_o life_n everlasting_a which_o he_o have_v above_o other_o material_a being_n to_o annex_v it_o i_o say_v to_o the_o cut_a of_o his_o beard_n or_o the_o fashion_n of_o his_o coat_n for_o this_o or_o that_o outward_a make_n of_o our_o body_n no_o more_o carry_v with_o it_o the_o hope_n of_o a_o eternal_a duration_n than_o the_o fashion_n of_o a_o man_n suit_n give_v he_o reasonable_a ground_n to_o imagine_v it_o will_v never_o wear_v out_o or_o that_o it_o will_v make_v he_o immortal_a it_o will_v perhaps_o be_v say_v that_o no_o body_n think_v that_o the_o shape_n make_v any_o thing_n immortal_a but_o it_o be_v the_o shape_n be_v the_o sign_n of_o a_o rational_a soul_n within_o which_o be_v immortal_a i_o wonder_v who_o make_v it_o the_o sign_n of_o any_o such_o thing_n for_o bare_o say_v it_o will_v not_o make_v it_o so_o it_o will_v require_v some_o proof_n to_o persuade_v one_o of_o it_o no_o figure_n that_o i_o know_v speak_v any_o such_o language_n for_o it_o may_v as_o rational_o be_v conclude_v that_o the_o dead_a body_n of_o a_o man_n wherein_o there_o be_v to_o be_v find_v no_o more_o appearance_n or_o action_n of_o life_n than_o there_o be_v in_o a_o statue_n have_v yet_o nevertheless_o a_o live_a soul_n in_o it_o because_o of_o its_o shape_n as_o that_o there_o be_v a_o rational_a soul_n in_o a_o changeling_n because_o he_o have_v the_o outside_n of_o a_o rational_a creature_n when_o his_o action_n carry_v far_o less_o mark_n of_o reason_n with_o they_o in_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o his_o life_n than_o what_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o many_o a_o beast_n §_o 16._o but_o it_o be_v the_o issue_n of_o rational_a parent_n and_o must_v therefore_o be_v conclude_v to_o have_v a_o rational_a soul_n i_o know_v not_o by_o what_o logic_n you_o must_v conclude_v so_o i_o be_o
so_o remote_a from_o that_o internal_a real_a constitution_n on_o which_o their_o sensible_a quality_n depend_v and_o be_v make_v up_o of_o nothing_o but_o a_o imperfect_a collection_n of_o those_o apparent_a quality_n our_o sense_n can_v discover_v there_o can_v be_v very_o few_o general_a proposition_n concern_v substance_n of_o who_o real_a truth_n we_o can_v be_v certain_o assure_v since_o there_o be_v but_o few_o simple_a idea_n of_o who_o connexion_n and_o necessary_a coexistence_n we_o can_v have_v certain_a and_o undoubted_a knowledge_n i_o imagine_v among_o all_o the_o secundary_a quality_n of_o substance_n and_o the_o power_n relate_v to_o they_o there_o can_v any_o two_o be_v name_v who_o necessary_a coexistence_n or_o repugnance_n to_o co-exist_a can_v certain_o be_v know_v unless_o in_o those_o of_o the_o same_o sense_n which_o necessary_o exclude_v one_o another_o as_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o show_v no_o one_o i_o think_v by_o the_o colour_n that_o be_v in_o any_o body_n can_v certain_o know_v what_o smell_n taste_v sound_v or_o tangible_a quality_n it_o have_v nor_o what_o alteration_n it_o be_v capable_a to_o make_v or_o receive_v on_o or_o from_o other_o body_n the_o same_o may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o sound_n or_o taste_v etc._n etc._n our_o specific_a name_n of_o substance_n signify_v any_o collection_n of_o such_o idea_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v wonder_v that_o we_o can_v with_o they_o make_v very_o few_o general_a proposition_n of_o undoubted_a real_a certainty_n but_o yet_o so_o far_o as_o any_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o any_o sort_n of_o substance_n contain_v in_o it_o any_o simple_a idea_n who_o necessary_a coexistence_n with_o any_o other_o may_v be_v discover_v so_o far_o universal_a proposition_n may_v with_o certainty_n be_v make_v concern_v it_o v_o g._n can_v any_o one_o discover_v a_o necessary_a connexion_n between_o malleableness_n and_o the_o colour_n or_o weight_n of_o gold_n or_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n signify_v by_o that_o name_n he_o may_v make_v a_o certain_a universal_a proposition_n concern_v gold_n in_o this_o respect_n and_o the_o real_a truth_n of_o this_o proposition_n that_o all_o gold_n be_v malleable_a will_v be_v as_o certain_a as_o of_o this_o the_o three_o angle_n of_o all_o right-lined_n triangle_n be_v equal_a to_o two_o right_a one_o §_o 11._o have_v we_o such_o idea_n of_o substance_n as_o to_o know_v what_o real_a constitution_n produce_v those_o sensible_a quality_n we_o find_v in_o they_o and_o how_o those_o quality_n flow_v from_o thence_o we_o can_v by_o the_o specific_a idea_n of_o their_o real_a essence_n in_o our_o own_o mind_n more_o certain_o find_v out_o their_o property_n and_o discover_v what_o quality_n they_o have_v or_o have_v not_o than_o we_o can_v now_o by_o our_o sense_n and_o to_o know_v the_o property_n of_o gold_n it_o will_v be_v no_o more_o necessary_a that_o gold_n shall_v exist_v and_o that_o we_o shall_v make_v experiment_n upon_o it_o than_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o know_v the_o property_n of_o a_o triangle_n that_o a_o triangle_n shall_v exist_v in_o any_o matter_n the_o idea_n in_o our_o mind_n will_v serve_v for_o the_o one_o as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o but_o we_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v admit_v into_o the_o secret_n of_o nature_n that_o we_o scarce_o so_o much_o as_o ever_o approach_v the_o first_o entrance_n towards_o they_o for_o we_o be_v wont_n to_o consider_v the_o substance_n we_o meet_v with_o each_o of_o they_o as_o a_o entire_a thing_n by_o itself_o have_v all_o its_o quality_n in_o itself_o and_o independent_a of_o other_o thing_n overlook_v for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o operation_n of_o those_o invisible_a fluid_n they_o be_v encompass_v with_o and_o upon_o who_o motion_n and_o operation_n depend_v the_o great_a part_n of_o those_o quality_n which_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o in_o they_o and_o be_v make_v by_o we_o the_o inherent_a mark_n of_o distinction_n whereby_o we_o know_v and_o denominate_v they_o put_v a_o piece_n of_o gold_n any_o where_o by_o itself_o let_v no_o other_o body_n encompass_v it_o it_o will_v immediate_o lose_v all_o its_o colour_n and_o weight_n and_o perhaps_o malleableness_n too_o which_o for_o aught_o i_o know_v will_v be_v change_v into_o a_o perfect_a friability_n water_n in_o which_o to_o we_o fluidity_n be_v a_o essential_a quality_n leave_v to_o itself_o will_v cease_v to_o be_v fluid_a but_o if_o inanimate_a body_n owe_v so_o much_o of_o their_o present_a state_n to_o other_o body_n without_o they_o that_o they_o will_v not_o be_v what_o they_o appear_v to_o we_o be_v those_o body_n that_o environ_v they_o remove_v it_o be_v yet_o more_o so_o in_o vegetable_n which_o be_v nourish_v grow_v and_o produce_v leave_n flower_n and_o seed_n in_o a_o constant_a succession_n and_o if_o we_o look_v a_o little_a near_o into_o the_o state_n of_o animal_n we_o shall_v find_v that_o their_o dependence_n as_o to_o life_n motion_n and_o the_o most_o considerable_a quality_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o they_o be_v so_o whole_o on_o extrinsical_a cause_n and_o quality_n of_o other_o body_n that_o make_v no_o part_n of_o they_o that_o they_o can_v subsist_v a_o moment_n without_o they_o though_o yet_o those_o body_n on_o which_o they_o depend_v be_v little_o take_v notice_n of_o and_o make_v no_o part_n of_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n we_o frame_v of_o those_o animal_n take_v the_o air_n but_o a_o minute_n from_o the_o great_a part_n of_o live_a creature_n and_o they_o present_o lose_v sense_n life_n and_o motion_n this_o the_o necessity_n of_o breathe_v have_v force_v into_o our_o knowledge_n but_o how_o many_o other_o extrinsical_a and_o possible_o very_o remote_a body_n do_v the_o spring_n of_o those_o admirable_a machine_n depend_v on_o which_o be_v not_o vulgar_o observe_v or_o so_o much_o as_o think_v on_o and_o how_o many_o be_v there_o which_o the_o severe_a enquiry_n can_v never_o discover_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o spot_n of_o the_o universe_n though_o remove_v so_o many_o million_o of_o mile_n from_o the_o sun_n yet_o depend_v so_o much_o on_o the_o due_o temper_a motion_n of_o particle_n come_v from_o or_o agitate_a by_o it_o that_o be_v this_o earth_n remove_v but_o a_o small_a part_n of_o that_o distance_n out_o of_o its_o present_a situation_n and_o place_v a_o little_a far_o or_o near_o that_o source_n of_o heat_n it_o be_v more_o than_o probable_a that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o animal_n in_o it_o will_v immediate_o perish_v since_o we_o find_v they_o so_o often_o destroy_v by_o a_o excess_n or_o defect_n of_o the_o sun_n warmth_n which_o a_o accidental_a position_n in_o some_o part_n of_o this_o our_o little_a globe_n expose_v they_o to_o the_o quality_n observe_v in_o a_o loadstone_n must_v needs_o have_v their_o source_n far_o beyond_o the_o confine_n of_o that_o body_n and_o the_o ravage_v make_v often_o on_o several_a sort_n of_o animal_n by_o invisible_a cause_n the_o certain_a death_n as_o we_o be_v tell_v of_o some_o of_o they_o by_o bare_o pass_v the_o line_n or_o as_o it_o be_v certain_a of_o other_o by_o be_v remove_v into_o a_o neighbouring-country_n evident_o show_v that_o the_o concurrence_n and_o operation_n of_o several_a body_n with_o which_o they_o be_v seldom_o think_v to_o have_v any_o thing_n to_o do_v be_v absolute_o necessary_a to_o make_v they_o be_v what_o they_o appear_v to_o we_o and_o to_o preserve_v those_o quality_n we_o know_v and_o distinguish_v they_o by_o we_o be_v then_o quite_o out_o of_o the_o way_n when_o we_o think_v that_o thing_n contain_v within_o themselves_o the_o quality_n that_o appear_v to_o we_o in_o they_o and_o we_o in_o vain_a search_n for_o that_o constitution_n within_o the_o body_n of_o a_o fly_n or_o a_o elephant_n upon_o which_o depend_v those_o quality_n and_o power_n we_o observe_v in_o they_o for_o which_o perhaps_o to_o understand_v they_o aright_o we_o ought_v to_o look_v not_o only_o beyond_o this_o our_o earth_n and_o atmosphere_n but_o even_o beyond_o the_o sun_n or_o remote_a star_n our_o eye_n have_v yet_o discover_v for_o how_o much_o the_o be_v and_o operation_n of_o particular_a substance_n in_o this_o our_o globe_n depend_v on_o cause_n utter_o beyond_o our_o view_n be_v impossible_a for_o we_o to_o determine_v we_o see_v and_o perceive_v some_o of_o the_o motion_n and_o grosser_n operation_n of_o thing_n here_o about_o we_o but_o whence_o the_o stream_n come_v that_o keep_v all_o these_o curious_a machine_n in_o motion_n and_o repair_n how_o convey_v and_o modify_v be_v beyond_o our_o notice_n and_o apprehension_n and_o the_o great_a part_n and_o wheel_n as_o i_o may_v so_o say_v of_o this_o stupendous_a structure_n of_o the_o universe_n may_v for_o aught_o we_o know_v have_v such_o a_o connexion_n and_o dependence_n in_o their_o influence_n
evil_a and_o will_v not_o quickness_n of_o sensation_n be_v a_o inconvenience_n to_o a_o animal_n that_o must_v lie_v still_o where_o chance_n have_v once_o place_v it_o and_o there_o receive_v the_o afflux_n of_o cold_a or_o warm_a clean_a or_o foul_a water_n as_o it_o happen_v to_o come_v to_o it_o §_o 14._o but_o yet_o i_o can_v but_o think_v there_o be_v some_o small_a dull_a perception_n whereby_o they_o be_v distinguish_v from_o perfect_a insensibility_n and_o that_o this_o may_v be_v so_o we_o have_v plain_a instance_n even_o in_o mankind_n itself_o take_v one_o in_o who_o decrepit_a old_a age_n have_v blot_v out_o the_o memory_n of_o his_o past_a knowledge_n and_o clear_o wipe_v out_o the_o idea_n his_o mind_n be_v former_o store_v with_o and_o have_v by_o destroy_v his_o sight_n hear_v and_o smell_v quite_o and_o his_o taste_n to_o a_o great_a degree_n stop_v up_o almost_o all_o the_o passage_n for_o new_a one_o to_o enter_v or_o if_o there_o be_v some_o of_o the_o inlet_n yet_o half_o open_a the_o impression_n make_v be_v scarce_o perceive_v or_o not_o at_o all_o retain_v how_o far_o such_o a_o one_o notwithstanding_o all_o that_o be_v boast_v of_o innate_a principle_n be_v in_o his_o knowledge_n and_o intellectual_a faculty_n above_o the_o condition_n of_o a_o cockle_n or_o a_o oyster_n i_o leave_v to_o be_v consider_v and_o if_o a_o man_n have_v pass_v sixty_o year_n in_o such_o a_o state_n as_o it_o be_v possible_a he_o may_v as_o well_o as_o three_o day_n i_o wonder_v what_o difference_n there_o will_v have_v be_v in_o any_o intellectual_a perfection_n between_o he_o and_o the_o low_a degree_n of_o animal_n perception_n then_o be_v the_o first_o step_n and_o degree_n towards_o knowledge_n and_o the_o inlet_n of_o all_o the_o material_n of_o it_o the_o few_o sense_n any_o man_n as_o well_o as_o any_o other_o creature_n have_v and_o the_o few_o and_o dull_a the_o impression_n be_v that_o be_v make_v by_o they_o and_o the_o dull_a the_o faculty_n be_v that_o be_v employ_v about_o they_o the_o more_o remote_a be_v they_o from_o that_o knowledge_n which_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o some_o men._n but_o this_o be_v in_o great_a variety_n of_o degree_n as_o may_v be_v perceive_v among_o man_n can_v certain_o be_v discover_v in_o the_o several_a species_n of_o animal_n much_o less_o in_o their_o particular_a individual_n it_o suffice_v i_o only_o to_o have_v remark_v here_o that_o perception_n be_v the_o first_o operation_n of_o all_o our_o intellectual_a faculty_n and_o the_o inlet_n of_o all_o knowledge_n into_o our_o mind_n and_o i_o be_o apt_a too_o to_o imagine_v that_o it_o be_v perception_n in_o the_o low_a degree_n of_o it_o which_o put_v the_o boundary_n between_o animal_n and_o the_o inferior_a rank_n of_o creature_n but_o this_o i_o mention_v only_o as_o my_o conjecture_n by_o the_o bye_n it_o be_v indifferent_a to_o the_o matter_n in_o hand_n which_o way_n the_o learned_a shall_v determine_v of_o it_o chap._n x._o of_o retention_n §_o 1._o the_o next_o faculty_n of_o the_o mind_n whereby_o it_o make_v a_o far_a progress_n towards_o knowledge_n be_v that_o i_o call_v retention_n or_o the_o keep_n of_o those_o simple_a idea_n which_o from_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n it_o have_v receive_v which_o be_v do_v two_o way_n first_o either_o by_o keep_v the_o idea_n which_o be_v bring_v into_o it_o for_o some_o time_n actual_o in_o view_n which_o be_v call_v contemplation_n §_o 2._o the_o other_o be_v the_o power_n to_o revive_v again_o in_o our_o mind_n those_o idea_n which_o after_o imprint_v have_v disappear_v or_o have_v be_v as_o it_o be_v lay_v aside_o out_o of_o sight_n and_o thus_o we_o do_v when_o we_o conceive_v heat_n or_o light_n yellow_a or_o sweet_a the_o object_n be_v remove_v and_o this_o be_v memory_n which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o storehouse_n of_o our_o idea_n for_o the_o narrow_a mind_n of_o man_n not_o be_v capable_a of_o have_v many_o idea_n under_o view_n and_o consideration_n at_o once_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o have_v a_o repository_n to_o lay_v up_o those_o idea_n which_o at_o another_o time_n it_o may_v have_v use_n of_o and_o thus_o it_o be_v by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o memory_n that_o we_o be_v say_v to_o have_v all_o those_o idea_n in_o our_o understanding_n which_o though_o we_o do_v not_o actual_o contemplate_v yet_o we_o can_v bring_v in_o sight_n and_o make_v appear_v again_o and_o be_v the_o object_n of_o our_o thought_n without_o the_o help_n of_o those_o sensible_a quality_n which_o first_o imprint_v they_o there_o §_o 3._o attention_n and_o repetition_n help_v much_o to_o the_o fix_v any_o idea_n in_o our_o memory_n but_o those_o which_o natural_o at_o first_o make_v the_o deep_a and_o most_o last_a impression_n be_v those_o which_o be_v accompany_v with_o pleasure_n or_o pain_n the_o great_a business_n of_o the_o sense_n be_v to_o make_v we_o take_v notice_n of_o what_o hurt_v or_o advantage_n the_o body_n it_o be_v wise_o order_v by_o nature_n as_o have_v be_v show_v that_o pain_n shall_v accompany_v the_o reception_n of_o several_a idea_n which_o supply_v the_o place_n of_o consideration_n and_o reason_v in_o child_n and_o act_v quick_a than_o consideration_n in_o grow_v man_n make_v both_o the_o young_a and_o old_a avoid_v painful_a object_n with_o that_o haste_n which_o be_v necessary_a for_o their_o preservation_n and_o in_o both_o settle_v in_o the_o memory_n a_o caution_n for_o the_o future_a §_o 4._o but_o concern_v the_o several_a degree_n of_o last_a wherewith_o idea_n be_v imprint_v on_o the_o memory_n we_o may_v observe_v first_o that_o some_o of_o they_o be_v produce_v in_o the_o understanding_n either_o by_o the_o object_n affect_v the_o sense_n once_o bare_o and_o no_o more_o especial_o if_o the_o mind_n then_o otherwise_o employ_v take_v but_o little_a notice_n of_o it_o and_o set_v not_o on_o the_o stamp_n deep_a into_o itself_o or_o else_o when_o through_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o body_n or_o otherwise_o the_o memory_n be_v very_o weak_a such_o idea_n quick_o fade_v ad_fw-la vanish_v quite_o out_o of_o the_o understanding_n and_o leave_v it_o as_o clear_v without_o any_o footstep_n or_o remain_v character_n as_o shadow_n do_v fly_v over_o field_n of_o corn_n and_o the_o mind_n be_v as_o void_a of_o they_o as_o if_o they_o never_o have_v be_v there_o §_o 5._o thus_o many_o of_o those_o idea_n which_o be_v produce_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o child_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o their_o sensation_n some_o of_o which_o perhaps_o as_o of_o some_o pleasure_n and_o pain_n be_v before_o they_o be_v bear_v and_o other_o in_o their_o infancy_n if_o in_o the_o future_a course_n of_o their_o life_n they_o be_v not_o repeat_v again_o be_v quite_o lose_v without_o the_o least_o glimpse_n remain_v of_o they_o this_o may_v be_v observe_v in_o those_o who_o by_o some_o mischance_n have_v lose_v their_o sight_n when_o they_o be_v very_o young_a in_o who_o the_o idea_n of_o colour_n have_v be_v but_o slight_o take_v notice_n of_o and_o cease_v to_o be_v repeat_v do_v quite_o wear_v out_o so_o that_o some_o year_n after_o there_o be_v no_o more_o notion_n nor_o memory_n of_o colour_n leave_v in_o their_o mind_n than_o in_o those_o of_o people_n bear_v blind_a the_o memory_n in_o some_o man_n it_o be_v true_a be_v very_o tenacious_a even_o to_o a_o miracle_n but_o yet_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o constant_a decay_n of_o all_o our_o idea_n even_o those_o which_o be_v strike_v deep_a and_o in_o the_o mind_n the_o most_o retentive_a so_o that_o if_o they_o be_v not_o sometime_o renew_v by_o repeat_v exercise_n of_o the_o sense_n or_o reflection_n about_o those_o kind_n of_o object_n which_o at_o first_o occasion_v they_o the_o print_n wear_v out_o and_o at_o last_o there_o remain_v nothing_o to_o be_v see_v thus_o the_o idea_n as_o well_o as_o child_n of_o our_o youth_n often_o die_v before_o we_o and_o our_o mind_n represent_v to_o we_o those_o tomb_n to_o which_o we_o be_v approach_v where_o though_o the_o brass_n and_o marble_n remain_v yet_o the_o inscription_n be_v efface_v by_o time_n and_o the_o imagery_n moulder_n away_o the_o picture_n draw_v in_o our_o mind_n be_v lay_v in_o fade_a colour_n and_o if_o not_o sometime_o refresh_v vanish_v and_o disappear_v how_o much_o the_o constitution_n of_o our_o body_n be_v concern_v in_o this_o and_o whether_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o spirit_n and_o brain_n make_v this_o difference_n that_o some_o retain_v the_o character_n draw_v on_o it_o like_o marble_n other_o like_o free_a stone_n and_o other_o little_o better_a than_o sand_n i_o shall_v not_o here_o inquire_v though_o it_o may_v seem_v probable_a that_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o body_n do_v sometime_o influence_n the_o memory_n
a_o continuity_n and_o to_o divide_v mental_o be_v to_o make_v in_o the_o mind_n two_o superficies_n where_o before_o there_o be_v a_o continuity_n and_o consider_v they_o as_o remove_v one_o from_o the_o other_o which_o can_v only_o be_v do_v in_o thing_n consider_v by_o the_o mind_n as_o capable_a of_o be_v separate_v and_o by_o separation_n of_o acquire_v new_a distinct_a superficies_n which_o they_o then_o have_v not_o but_o be_v capable_a of_o but_o neither_o of_o these_o way_n of_o separation_n whether_o real_a or_o mental_a be_v as_o i_o think_v compatible_a to_o pure_a space_n §_o 13._o it_o be_v true_a a_o man_n may_v consider_v so_o much_o of_o such_o a_o space_n as_o be_v answerable_a or_o commensurate_a to_o a_o foot_n without_o consider_v the_o rest_n which_o be_v indeed_o a_o partial_a consideration_n but_o not_o so_o much_o as_o mental_a separation_n or_o division_n since_o a_o man_n can_v no_o more_o mental_o divide_v without_o consider_v two_o superficies_n separate_v one_o from_o the_o other_o than_o he_o can_v actual_o divide_v without_o make_v two_o superficies_n disjoin_v one_o from_o the_o other_o but_o a_o partial_a consideration_n be_v not_o separate_v a_o man_n may_v consider_v light_n in_o the_o sun_n without_o its_o heat_n or_o mobility_n in_o body_n without_o its_o extension_n without_o think_v of_o their_o separation_n one_o be_v only_o a_o partial_a consideration_n terminate_n in_o one_o alone_a and_o the_o other_o be_v a_o consideration_n of_o both_o as_o exist_v separately_z §_o 14._o three_o the_o part_n of_o pure_a space_n be_v immovable_a which_o follow_v from_o their_o inseparability_n motion_n be_v nothing_o but_o change_v of_o distance_n between_o any_o two_o thing_n but_o this_o can_v be_v between_o part_n that_o be_v inseparable_a which_o therefore_o must_v needs_o be_v at_o perpetual_a rest_n one_o among_o another_o thus_o the_o clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n of_o simple_a space_n distinguish_v it_o plain_o and_o sufficient_o from_o body_n since_o its_o part_n be_v inseparable_a immovable_a and_o without_o resistance_n to_o the_o motion_n of_o body_n §_o 15._o if_o any_o one_o ask_v i_o what_o this_o space_n i_o speak_v of_o be_v i_o will_v tell_v he_o when_o he_o tell_v i_o what_o his_o extension_n be_v for_o to_o say_v as_o be_v usual_o do_v that_o extension_n be_v to_o have_v part_n extra_fw-la part_n be_v to_o say_v only_o that_o extension_n be_v extension_n for_o what_o be_o i_o the_o better_o inform_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o extension_n when_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o extension_n be_v to_o have_v part_n that_o be_v extend_v exterior_a to_o part_n that_o be_v extend_v i._n e._n extension_n consist_v of_o extend_a part_n as_o if_o one_o ask_v what_o a_o fiber_n be_v i_o shall_v answer_v he_o that_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n make_v up_o of_o several_a fibres_n will_v he_o hereby_o be_v enable_v to_o understand_v what_o a_o fiber_n be_v better_o than_o he_o do_v before_o or_o rather_o will_v he_o not_o have_v reason_n to_o think_v that_o my_o design_n be_v to_o make_v sport_n with_o he_o rather_o than_o serious_o to_o instruct_v he_o §_o 16._o those_o who_o contend_v that_o space_n and_o body_n be_v the_o same_o bring_v this_o dilemma_n either_o this_o space_n be_v something_o or_o nothing_o if_o nothing_o be_v between_o two_o body_n they_o must_v necessary_o touch_v if_o it_o be_v allow_v to_o be_v something_o they_o ask_v whether_o it_o be_v body_n or_o spirit_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v by_o another_o question_n who_o tell_v they_o that_o there_o be_v or_o can_v be_v nothing_o but_o solid_a being_n which_o can_v not_o think_v and_o think_v being_n that_n be_v not_o extend_v which_o be_v all_o they_o mean_v by_o the_o term_n body_n and_o spirit_n §_o 17._o if_o it_o be_v demand_v as_o usual_o it_o be_v whether_o this_o space_n void_a of_o body_n be_v substance_n or_o accident_n i_o shall_v ready_o answer_v i_o know_v not_o nor_o shall_v be_v ashamed_a to_o own_o my_o ignorance_n till_o they_o that_o ask_v show_v i_o a_o clear_a distinct_a idea_n of_o substance_n §_o 18._o i_o endeavour_v as_o much_o as_o i_o can_v to_o deliver_v myself_o from_o those_o fallacy_n which_o we_o be_v apt_a to_o put_v upon_o ourselves_o by_o take_v word_n for_o thing_n it_o help_v not_o our_o ignorance_n to_o feign_v a_o knowledge_n where_o we_o have_v none_o by_o make_v a_o noise_n with_o sound_n without_o clear_a and_o distinct_a signification_n name_n make_v at_o pleasure_n neither_o alter_v the_o nature_n of_o thing_n nor_o make_v we_o understand_v they_o but_o as_o they_o be_v sign_n of_o and_o stand_v for_o clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n and_o i_o desire_v those_o who_o lie_v so_o much_o stress_n on_o the_o sound_n of_o these_o two_o syllable_n substance_n to_o consider_v whether_o apply_v it_o as_o they_o do_v to_o the_o infinite_a incomprehensible_a god_n to_o finite_a spirit_n and_o to_o body_n it_o be_v in_o the_o same_o sense_n and_o whether_o it_o stand_v for_o the_o same_o idea_n when_o each_o of_o those_o three_o so_o different_a being_n be_v call_v substance_n if_o so_o whether_o it_o will_v not_o thence_o follow_v that_o god_n spirit_n and_o body_n agree_v in_o the_o same_o common_a nature_n of_o substance_n differ_v not_o any_o otherwise_o than_o in_o a_o bare_a different_a modification_n of_o that_o substance_n as_o a_o tree_n and_o a_o pibble_n be_v in_o the_o same_o sense_n body_v and_o agree_v in_o the_o common_a nature_n of_o body_n differ_v only_o in_o a_o bare_a modification_n of_o that_o common_a matter_n which_o will_v be_v a_o very_a harsh_a doctrine_n if_o they_o say_v that_o they_o apply_v it_o to_o god_n finite_a spirit_n and_o matter_n in_o three_o different_a signification_n and_o that_o it_o stand_v for_o one_o idea_n when_o god_n be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o substance_n for_o another_o when_o the_o soul_n be_v call_v substance_n and_o for_o a_o three_o when_o a_o body_n be_v call_v so_o if_o the_o name_n substance_n stand_v for_o three_o several_a distinct_a idea_n they_o will_v do_v well_o to_o make_v know_v those_o distinct_a idea_n or_o at_o least_o to_o give_v three_o distinct_a name_n to_o they_o to_o prevent_v in_o so_o important_a a_o notion_n the_o confusion_n and_o error_n that_o will_v natural_o follow_v from_o the_o promiscuous_a use_n of_o so_o doubtful_a a_o term_n which_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v suspect_v to_o have_v three_o distinct_a that_o it_o have_v scarce_o one_o clear_a distinct_a signification_n and_o if_o they_o can_v thus_o make_v three_o distinct_a idea_n of_o substance_n what_o hinder_v why_o another_o may_v not_o make_v a_o four_o §_o 19_o they_o who_o first_o run_v into_o the_o notion_n of_o accident_n as_o a_o sort_n of_o real_a being_n that_o need_v something_o to_o inhere_o in_o be_v force_v to_o find_v out_o the_o word_n substance_n to_o support_v they_o have_v the_o poor_a indian_a philosopher_n who_o imagine_v that_o the_o earth_n also_o want_v something_o to_o bear_v it_o up_o but_o think_v of_o this_o word_n substance_n he_o need_v not_o to_o have_v be_v at_o the_o trouble_n to_o find_v a_o elephant_n to_o support_v it_o and_o a_o tortoise_n to_o support_v his_o elephant_n the_o word_n substance_n will_v have_v do_v it_o effectual_o and_o he_o that_o inquire_v may_v have_v take_v it_o for_o as_o good_a a_o answer_n from_o a_o indian_a philosopher_n that_o substance_n without_o know_v what_o it_o be_v be_v that_o which_o support_v the_o earth_n as_o we_o take_v it_o for_o a_o sufficient_a answer_n and_o good_a doctrine_n from_o our_o european_a philosopher_n that_o substance_n without_o know_v what_o it_o be_v be_v that_o which_o support_v accident_n so_o that_o of_o substance_n we_o have_v no_o idea_n of_o what_o it_o be_v but_o only_o a_o confuse_a obscure_a one_o of_o what_o it_o do_v §_o 20._o whatever_o a_o learned_a man_n may_v do_v here_o a_o intelligent_a american_n who_o inquire_v into_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n will_v scarce_o take_v it_o for_o a_o satisfactory_a account_n if_o desire_v to_o learn_v our_o architecture_n he_o shall_v be_v tell_v that_o a_o pillar_n be_v a_o thing_n support_v by_o a_o basis_n and_o a_o basis_n something_o that_o support_v a_o pillar_n will_v he_o not_o think_v himself_o mock_v instead_o of_o teach_v with_o such_o a_o account_n as_o this_o and_o a_o stranger_n to_o they_o will_v be_v very_o liberal_o instruct_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o book_n and_o the_o thing_n they_o contain_v if_o he_o shall_v be_v tell_v that_o all_o learned_a book_n consist_v of_o paper_n and_o letter_n and_o that_o letter_n be_v thing_n inhere_v in_o paper_n and_o paper_n a_o thing_n that_o hold_v forth_o letter_n a_o notable_a way_n of_o have_v clear_a idea_n of_o letter_n and_o paper_n but_o be_v the_o latin_a word_n inhoerentia_n
say_v that_o the_o world_n be_v support_v by_o a_o great_a elephant_n be_v ask_v what_o the_o elephant_n rest_v on_o to_o which_o his_o answer_n be_v a_o great_a tortoise_n but_o be_v again_o press_v to_o know_v what_o give_v support_v to_o the_o broad-backed_a tortoise_n reply_v something_o he_o know_v not_o what_o and_o thus_o here_o as_o in_o all_o other_o case_n where_o we_o use_v word_n without_o have_v clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n we_o talk_v like_o child_n who_o be_v question_v what_o such_o a_o thing_n be_v which_o they_o know_v not_o ready_o give_v this_o satisfactory_a answer_n that_o be_v something_o which_o in_o truth_n signify_v no_o more_o when_o so_o use_v either_o by_o child_n or_o man_n but_o that_o they_o know_v not_o what_o and_o that_o the_o thing_n they_o pretend_v to_o know_v and_o talk_v of_o be_v what_o they_o have_v no_o distinct_a idea_n of_o at_o all_o and_o so_o be_v perfect_o ignorant_a of_o it_o and_o in_o the_o dark_a the_o idea_n than_o we_o have_v to_o which_o we_o give_v the_o general_a name_n substance_n be_v nothing_o but_o the_o suppose_a but_o unknown_a support_n of_o those_o quality_n we_o find_v exist_v which_o we_o imagine_v can_v subsist_v sine_fw-la re_fw-la substante_fw-la without_o something_o to_o support_v they_o we_o call_v that_o support_n substantia_fw-la which_o according_a to_o the_o true_a import_n of_o the_o word_n be_v in_o plain_a english_a standing_z under_z or_o uphold_v §_o 3._o a_o obscure_a and_o relative_a idea_n of_o substance_n in_o general_a be_v thus_o make_v we_o come_v to_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o particular_a sort_n of_o substance_n by_o collect_v such_o combination_n of_o simple_a idea_n as_o be_v by_o experience_n and_o observation_n of_o man_n sense_n take_v notice_n of_o to_o exist_v together_o and_o be_v therefore_o suppose_v to_o flow_v from_o the_o particular_a internal_a constitution_n or_o unknown_a essence_n of_o that_o substance_n thus_o we_o come_v to_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o a_o man_n horse_n gold_n water_n etc._n etc._n of_o which_o substance_n whether_o any_o one_o have_v any_o other_o clear_a idea_n far_o than_o of_o certain_a simple_a idea_n coexi_v together_o i_o appeal_v to_o every_o one_o be_v own_o experience_n it_o be_v the_o ordinary_a quality_n observable_a in_o iron_n or_o a_o diamond_n put_v together_o that_o make_v the_o true_a complex_fw-la idea_n of_o those_o substance_n which_o a_o smith_n or_o a_o jeweller_n common_o know_v better_a than_o a_o philosopher_n who_o whatever_o substantial_a form_n he_o may_v talk_v of_o have_v no_o other_o idea_n of_o those_o substance_n than_o what_o be_v frame_v by_o a_o collection_n of_o those_o simple_a idea_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o they_o only_o we_o must_v take_v notice_n that_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o substance_n beside_o all_o these_o simple_a idea_n they_o be_v make_v up_o of_o have_v always_o the_o confuse_a idea_n of_o something_o to_o which_o they_o belong_v and_o in_o which_o they_o subsist_v and_o therefore_o when_o we_o speak_v of_o any_o sort_n of_o substance_n we_o say_v it_o be_v a_o thing_n have_v such_o or_o such_o quality_n as_o body_n be_v a_o thing_n that_o be_v extend_v figure_v and_o capable_a of_o motion_n a_o spirit_n a_o thing_n capable_a of_o think_v and_o so_o hardness_n friability_n and_o power_n to_o draw_v iron_n we_o say_v be_v quality_n to_o be_v find_v in_o a_o loadstone_n these_o and_o the_o like_a fashion_n of_o speak_v intimate_a that_o the_o substance_n be_v suppose_v always_o something_o beside_o the_o extension_n figure_n solidity_n motion_n think_v or_o other_o observable_a idea_n though_o we_o know_v not_o what_o it_o be_v §_o 4._o hence_o when_o we_o talk_v or_o think_v of_o any_o particular_a sort_n of_o corporeal_a substance_n as_o horse_n stone_n etc._n etc._n though_o the_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o either_o of_o they_o be_v put_v the_o complication_n or_o collection_n of_o those_o several_a simple_a idea_n of_o sensible_a quality_n which_o we_o use_v to_o find_v unite_v in_o the_o thing_n call_v horse_n or_o stone_n yet_o because_o we_o can_v conceive_v how_o they_o shall_v subsist_v alone_o nor_o one_o in_o another_o we_o suppose_v they_o to_o exist_v in_o and_o support_v by_o some_o common_a subject_n which_o support_v we_o denote_v by_o the_o name_n substance_n though_o it_o be_v certain_a we_o have_v no_o clear_a or_o distinct_a idea_n of_o that_o thing_n we_o suppose_v a_o support_n §_o 5._o the_o same_o happen_v concern_v the_o operation_n of_o the_o mind_n viz._n think_v reason_v fear_v etc._n etc._n which_o we_o conclude_v not_o to_o subsist_v of_o themselves_o nor_o apprehend_v how_o they_o can_v belong_v to_o body_n or_o be_v produce_v by_o it_o we_o be_v apt_a to_o think_v these_o the_o action_n of_o some_o other_o substance_n which_o we_o call_v spirit_n whereby_o yet_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o have_v no_o other_o idea_n or_o notion_n of_o matter_n but_o something_o wherein_o those_o many_o sensible_a quality_n which_o affect_v our_o sense_n do_v subsist_v by_o suppose_v a_o substance_n wherein_o think_v know_v doubt_v and_o a_o power_n of_o move_a etc._n etc._n do_v subsist_v we_o have_v as_o clear_v a_o notion_n of_o the_o nature_n or_o substance_n of_o spirit_n as_o we_o have_v of_o body_n the_o one_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v without_o know_v what_o it_o be_v the_o substratum_fw-la to_o those_o simple_a idea_n we_o have_v from_o without_o and_o the_o other_o suppose_v with_o a_o like_a ignorance_n of_o what_o it_o be_v to_o be_v the_o substratum_fw-la to_o those_o operation_n which_o we_o experiment_n in_o ourselves_o within_o it_o be_v plain_a then_o that_o the_o idea_n of_o corporeal_a substance_n in_o matter_n be_v as_o remote_a from_o our_o conception_n and_o apprehension_n as_o that_o of_o spiritual_a substance_n or_o spirit_n and_o therefore_o from_o our_o not_o have_v any_o notion_n of_o the_o substance_n of_o spirit_n we_o can_v no_o more_o conclude_v its_o nonexistence_n than_o we_o can_v for_o the_o same_o reason_n deny_v the_o existence_n of_o body_n it_o be_v as_o rational_a to_o affirm_v there_o be_v no_o body_n because_o we_o can_v know_v its_o essence_n as_o it_o be_v call_v or_o have_v no_o idea_n of_o the_o substance_n of_o matter_n as_o to_o say_v there_o be_v no_o spirit_n because_o we_o know_v not_o its_o essence_n or_o have_v no_o idea_n of_o a_o spiritual_a substance_n §_o 6._o whatever_o therefore_o be_v the_o secret_a and_o abstract_n nature_n of_o substance_n in_o general_n all_o the_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o particular_a distinct_a substance_n be_v nothing_o but_o several_a combination_n of_o simple_a idea_n coexhi_v in_o such_o though_o unknown_a cause_o of_o their_o union_n as_o make_v the_o whole_a subsist_v of_o itself_o it_o be_v by_o such_o combination_n of_o simple_a idea_n and_o nothing_o else_o that_o we_o represent_v particular_a substance_n to_o ourselves_o such_o be_v the_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o their_o several_a sort_n in_o our_o mind_n and_o such_o only_o do_v we_o by_o their_o specific_a name_n signify_v to_o other_o v_o g._n man_n horse_n sun_n water_n iron_n upon_o hear_v which_o word_n every_o one_o who_o understand_v the_o language_n frame_v in_o his_o mind_n a_o combination_n of_o those_o several_a simple_a idea_n which_o he_o have_v usual_o observe_v or_o fancy_v to_o exist_v together_o under_o that_o denomination_n all_o which_o he_o suppose_v to_o rest_v in_o and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v adherent_a to_o that_o unknown_a common_a subject_n which_o inhere_v not_o in_o any_o thing_n else_o though_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n it_o be_v manifest_a and_o every_o one_o upon_o enquiry_n into_o his_o own_o thought_n will_v find_v that_o he_o have_v no_o other_o idea_n of_o any_o substance_n v_o g._n let_v it_o be_v gold_n horse_n iron_n man_n vitriol_n bread_n but_o what_o he_o have_v bare_o of_o those_o sensible_a quality_n which_o he_o suppose_v to_o inhere_o with_o a_o supposition_n of_o such_o a_o substratum_fw-la as_o give_v as_o it_o be_v a_o support_n to_o those_o quality_n or_o simple_a idea_n which_o he_o have_v observe_v to_o exist_v unite_v together_o thus_o the_o idea_n of_o sun_n what_o be_v it_o but_o a_o aggregate_v of_o these_o several_a simple_a idea_n bright_n hot_a roundish_n have_v a_o constant_a regular_a motion_n at_o a_o certain_a distance_n from_o we_o and_o perhaps_o some_o other_o as_o he_o who_o think_v and_o discourse_n of_o the_o sun_n have_v be_v more_o or_o less_o accurate_a in_o observe_v those_o sensible_a quality_n idea_n or_o property_n which_o be_v in_o that_o thing_n which_o he_o call_v the_o sun_n §_o 7._o for_o he_o have_v the_o perfect_a idea_n of_o any_o particular_a substance_n who_o have_v gather_v and_o put_v together_o most_o of_o those_o simple_a idea_n which_o do_v exist_v in_o it_o among_o which_o be_v to_o
be_v common_o call_v simple_a apprehension_n and_o the_o name_n of_o they_o simple_a term_n yet_o in_o effect_n be_v complex_fw-la and_o compound_v thus_o the_o idea_n which_o a_o englishman_n signify_v by_o the_o name_n swan_n be_v white_a colour_n long_a neck_n red_a beak_n black_a leg_n and_o whole_a foot_n and_o all_o these_o of_o a_o certain_a size_n with_o a_o power_n of_o swim_v in_o the_o water_n and_o make_v a_o certain_a kind_n of_o noise_n and_o perhaps_o to_o a_o man_n who_o have_v long_o observe_v those_o kind_n of_o bird_n some_o other_o property_n which_o all_o terminate_v in_o sensible_a simple_a idea_n §_o 15._o beside_o the_o complex_fw-la ideas_n we_o have_v of_o material_a sensible_a substance_n of_o which_o i_o have_v last_o speak_v by_o the_o simple_a idea_n we_o have_v take_v from_o those_o operation_n of_o our_o own_o mind_n we_o experiment_n daily_o in_o ourselves_o as_o think_v understanding_n willing_a know_v and_o power_n of_o beginning_n motion_n etc._n etc._n coexi_v in_o some_o substance_n we_o be_v able_a to_o frame_v the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o a_o spirit_n and_o thus_o by_o put_v together_o the_o idea_n of_o think_v perceive_v liberty_n and_o power_n of_o move_v themselves_o and_o other_o thing_n we_o have_v as_o clear_v a_o perception_n and_o notion_n of_o immaterial_a substance_n as_o we_o have_v of_o material_a for_o put_v together_o the_o idea_n of_o think_v and_o will_v or_o the_o power_n of_o move_v or_o quiet_v corporeal_a motion_n join_v to_o substance_n of_o which_o we_o have_v no_o distinct_a idea_n we_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o spirit_n and_o by_o put_v together_o the_o idea_n of_o coherent_a solid_a part_n and_o a_o power_n of_o be_v move_v join_v with_o substance_n of_o which_o likewise_o we_o have_v no_o positive_a idea_n we_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o matter_n the_o one_o be_v as_o clear_v and_o distinct_a a_o idea_n as_o the_o other_o the_o idea_n of_o think_v and_o move_v a_o body_n be_v as_o clear_v and_o distinct_a idea_n as_o the_o idea_n of_o extension_n solidity_n and_o be_v move_v for_o our_o idea_n of_o substance_n be_v equal_o obscure_a or_o none_o at_o all_o in_o both_o it_o be_v but_o a_o suppose_a i_o know_v not_o what_o to_o support_v those_o idea_n we_o call_v accident_n §_o 16._o by_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o extend_a figure_v colour_a and_o all_o other_o sensible_a quality_n which_o be_v all_o that_o we_o know_v of_o it_o we_o be_v as_o far_o from_o the_o idea_n of_o the_o substance_n of_o body_n as_o if_o we_o know_v nothing_o at_o all_o nor_o after_o all_o the_o acquaintance_n and_o familiarity_n which_o we_o imagine_v we_o have_v with_o matter_n and_o the_o many_o quality_n man_n assure_v themselves_o they_o perceive_v and_o know_v in_o body_n will_v it_o perhaps_o upon_o examination_n be_v find_v that_o they_o have_v any_o more_o or_o clear_a primary_n ideas_n belong_v to_o body_n than_o they_o have_v belong_v to_o spirit_n §_o 17._o the_o primary_n ideas_n we_o have_v peculiar_a to_o body_n as_o contradistinguish_v to_o spirit_n be_v the_o cohesion_n of_o solid_a and_o consequent_o separable_a part_n and_o a_o power_n of_o communicate_v motion_n by_o impulse_n these_o i_o think_v be_v the_o original_a idea_n proper_a and_o peculiar_a to_o body_n for_o figure_n be_v but_o the_o consequence_n of_o finite_a extension_n §_o 18._o the_o idea_n we_o have_v belong_v and_o peculiar_a to_o spirit_n be_v think_v and_o will_v or_o a_o power_n of_o put_v body_n into_o motion_n by_o thought_n and_o which_o be_v consequent_a to_o it_o liberty_n for_o as_o body_n can_v but_o communicate_v its_o motion_n by_o impulse_n to_o another_o body_n which_o it_o meet_v with_o at_o rest_n so_o the_o mind_n can_v put_v body_n into_o motion_n or_o forbear_v to_o do_v so_o as_o it_o please_v the_o idea_n of_o existence_n duration_n and_o mobility_n be_v common_a to_o they_o both_o §_o 19_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n why_o it_o shall_v be_v think_v strange_a that_o i_o make_v mobility_n belong_v to_o spirit_n for_o have_v no_o other_o idea_n of_o motion_n but_o change_n of_o distance_n with_o other_o being_n that_o be_v consider_v as_o at_o rest_n and_o find_v that_o spirit_n as_o well_o as_o body_n can_v operate_v but_o where_o they_o be_v and_o that_o spirit_n do_v operate_v at_o several_a time_n at_o several_a place_n i_o can_v but_o attribute_v change_n of_o place_n to_o all_o finite_a spirit_n for_o of_o the_o infinite_a spirit_n i_o speak_v not_o here_o for_o my_o soul_n be_v a_o real_a be_v as_o well_o as_o my_o body_n be_v certain_o as_o capable_a of_o change_v of_o distance_n with_o any_o other_o body_n or_o be_v as_o body_n itself_o and_o so_o be_v capable_a of_o motion_n and_o if_o a_o mathematician_n can_v consider_v a_o certain_a distance_n or_o a_o change_n of_o that_o distance_n between_o two_o point_n one_o may_v certain_o conceive_v a_o distance_n and_o a_o change_n of_o distance_n between_o two_o spirit_n and_o so_o conceive_v their_o motion_n their_o approach_n or_o removal_n one_o from_o another_o §_o 20._o every_o one_o find_v in_o himself_o that_o his_o soul_n can_v think_v will_n and_o operate_v on_o his_o body_n in_o the_o place_n where_o that_o be_v but_o can_v operate_v on_o a_o body_n or_o in_o place_n a_o hundred_o mile_n distant_a from_o it_o no_o body_n can_v imagine_v that_o his_o soul_n can_v think_v or_o move_v a_o body_n at_o oxford_n whilst_o he_o be_v at_o london_n and_o can_v but_o know_v that_o be_v unite_v to_o his_o body_n it_o constant_o change_v place_v all_o the_o whole_a journey_n between_o oxford_n and_o london_n as_o the_o coach_n or_o horse_n do_v that_o carry_v he_o and_o i_o think_v may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v true_o all_o that_o while_n in_o motion_n or_o if_o that_o will_v not_o be_v allow_v to_o afford_v we_o a_o clear_a idea_n enough_o of_o its_o motion_n its_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o body_n in_o death_n i_o think_v will_n for_o to_o consider_v it_o to_o go_v out_o of_o the_o body_n or_o leave_v it_o and_o yet_o to_o have_v no_o idea_n of_o its_o motion_n seem_v to_o i_o impossible_a §_o 21._o if_o it_o be_v say_v by_o any_o one_o that_o it_o can_v change_v place_n because_o it_o have_v none_o for_o spirit_n be_v not_o in_o loco_fw-la but_o vbi_fw-la i_o suppose_v that_o way_n of_o talk_v will_v not_o now_o be_v of_o much_o weight_n to_o many_o in_o a_o age_n that_o be_v not_o much_o dispose_v to_o admire_v or_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v deceive_v by_o such_o unintelligible_a way_n of_o speak_v but_o if_o any_o one_o think_v there_o be_v any_o sense_n in_o that_o distinction_n and_o applicable_a to_o our_o present_a purpose_n i_o desire_v he_o to_o put_v it_o into_o intelligible_a english_a and_o then_o from_o thence_o draw_v a_o reason_n to_o show_v that_o spirit_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o motion_n indeed_o motion_n can_v be_v attribute_v to_o god_n not_o because_o he_o be_v a_o spirit_n but_o because_o he_o be_v a_o infinite_a spirit_n §_o 22._o let_v we_o compare_v then_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o spirit_n with_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o body_n and_o see_v whether_o there_o be_v any_o more_o obscurity_n in_o one_o than_o in_o the_o other_o and_o in_o which_o most_o our_o idea_n of_o body_n as_o i_o think_v be_v a_o extend_a solid_a substance_n capable_a of_o communicate_v motion_n by_o impulse_n and_o our_o idea_n of_o our_o soul_n be_v of_o a_o substance_n that_o think_v and_o have_v a_o power_n of_o exciting_a motion_n in_o body_n by_o will_n or_o think_v these_o i_o think_v be_v our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o soul_n and_o body_n as_o contradistinguish_v and_o now_o let_v we_o examine_v which_o have_v most_o obscurity_n in_o it_o and_o difficulty_n to_o be_v apprehend_v i_o know_v that_o people_n who_o thought_n be_v immerse_v in_o matter_n and_o have_v so_o subject_v their_o mind_n to_o their_o sense_n that_o they_o seldom_o reflect_v on_o any_o thing_n beyond_o they_o be_v apt_a to_o say_v they_o can_v comprehend_v a_o think_a thing_n which_o perhaps_o be_v true_a but_o i_o affirm_v when_o they_o consider_v it_o well_o they_o can_v no_o more_o comprehend_v a_o extend_a thing_n §_o 23._o if_o any_o one_o say_v he_o know_v not_o what_o it_o be_v think_v in_o he_o he_o mean_v he_o know_v not_o what_o the_o substance_n be_v of_o that_o think_v thing_n no_o more_o say_v i_o know_v he_o what_o the_o substance_n be_v of_o that_o solid_a thing_n far_o if_o he_o say_v he_o know_v not_o how_o he_o think_v i_o answer_v neither_o know_v he_o how_o he_o be_v extend_v how_o the_o solid_a part_n of_o body_n be_v unite_v or_o cohere_v together_o to_o make_v extension_n for_o though_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o particle_n of_o air_n
wrong_n as_o far_o as_o they_o disagree_v with_o such_o archetype_n §_o 27._o have_v thus_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o original_n sort_n and_o extent_n of_o our_o idea_n with_o several_a other_o consideration_n about_o these_o i_o know_v not_o whether_o i_o may_v say_v instrument_n or_o material_n of_o our_o knowledge_n the_o method_n i_o at_o first_o propose_v to_o myself_o will_v now_o require_v that_o i_o shall_v immediate_o proceed_v to_o show_v what_o use_v the_o understanding_n make_v of_o they_o and_o what_o knowledge_n we_o have_v by_o they_o this_o be_v that_o which_o in_o the_o first_o general_a view_n i_o have_v of_o this_o subject_a be_v all_o that_o i_o think_v i_o shall_v have_v to_o do_v but_o upon_o a_o near_a approach_n i_o find_v that_o there_o be_v so_o close_a a_o connexion_n between_o idea_n and_o word_n and_o our_o abstract_n idea_n and_o general_a word_n have_v so_o constant_a a_o relation_n one_o to_o another_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o speak_v clear_o and_o distinct_o of_o our_o knowledge_n which_o all_o consist_v in_o proposition_n without_o consider_v first_o the_o nature_n use_v and_o signification_n of_o language_n which_o therefore_o must_v be_v the_o business_n of_o the_o next_o book_n book_n iii_o chap._n i._o of_o word_n or_o language_n in_o general_n §_o 1._o god_n have_v design_v man_n for_o a_o sociable_a creature_n make_v he_o not_o only_o with_o a_o inclination_n and_o under_o a_o necessity_n to_o have_v fellowship_n with_o those_o of_o his_o own_o kind_n but_o furnish_v he_o also_o with_o language_n which_o be_v to_o be_v the_o great_a instrument_n and_o common_a tie_n of_o society_n man_n therefore_o have_v by_o nature_n his_o organ_n so_o fashion_v as_o to_o be_v fit_a to_o frame_v articulate_a sound_n which_o we_o call_v word_n but_o this_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o produce_v language_n for_o parrot_n and_o several_a other_o bird_n will_v be_v teach_v to_o make_v articulate_a sound_v distinct_a enough_o which_o yet_o by_o no_o mean_n be_v capable_a of_o language_n §_o 2._o beside_o articulate_a sound_n therefore_o it_o be_v far_o necessary_a that_o he_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o use_v these_o sound_n as_o signs_z of_o internal_a conception_n and_o to_o make_v they_o stand_v as_o mark_n for_o the_o idea_n within_o his_o own_o mind_n whereby_o they_o may_v be_v make_v know_v to_o other_o and_o the_o thought_n of_o man_n mind_n be_v convey_v from_o one_o to_o another_o §_o 3._o but_o neither_o be_v this_o sufficient_a to_o make_v word_n so_o useful_a as_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v it_o be_v not_o enough_o for_o the_o perfection_n of_o language_n that_o sound_n can_v be_v make_v sign_n of_o idea_n unless_o those_o sign_n can_v be_v so_o make_v use_n of_o as_o to_o comprehend_v several_a particular_a thing_n for_o the_o multiplication_n of_o word_n will_v have_v perplex_v their_o use_n have_v every_o particular_a thing_n need_v of_o a_o distinct_a name_n to_o be_v signify_v by_o §_o 4._o word_n than_o be_v make_v to_o be_v sign_n of_o our_o idea_n and_o be_v general_a or_o particular_a as_o the_o idea_n they_o stand_v for_o be_v general_a or_o particular_a but_o beside_o these_o name_n which_o stand_v for_o idea_n there_o be_v other_o which_o man_n have_v find_v and_o make_v use_n of_o not_o to_o signify_v any_o idea_n but_o the_o want_n or_o absence_n of_o some_o idea_n simple_a or_o complex_fw-la or_o all_o idea_n together_o such_o as_o be_v the_o latin_a word_n nihil_fw-la and_o in_o english_a ignorance_n and_o burrenness_n all_o which_o negative_a or_o privative_a word_n can_v be_v say_v proper_o to_o belong_v to_o or_o signify_v no_o idea_n for_o than_o they_o will_v be_v perfect_o insignificant_a sound_n but_o they_o relate_v to_o positive_a idea_n and_o signify_v their_o absence_n §_o 5._o it_o may_v also_o lead_v we_o a_o little_a towards_o the_o original_a of_o all_o our_o notion_n and_o knowledge_n if_o we_o remark_n how_o great_a a_o dependence_n our_o word_n have_v on_o common_a sensible_a idea_n and_o how_o those_o which_o be_v make_v use_n of_o to_o stand_v for_o action_n and_o notion_n quite_o remove_v from_o sense_n have_v their_o original_a and_o be_v transfer_v from_o obvious_a sensible_a idea_n v_o g._n to_o imagine_v apprehend_v comprehend_v adhere_v conceive_v instill_v disgust_n disturbance_n tranquillity_n etc._n etc._n be_v all_o word_n take_v from_o the_o operation_n of_o sensible_a thing_n and_o apply_v to_o certain_a modes_n of_o think_v spirit_n in_o its_o primary_n signification_n be_v breath_n angel_n a_o messenger_n and_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o if_o we_o can_v trace_v they_o to_o their_o original_n we_o shall_v find_v in_o all_o language_n the_o name_n which_o stand_v for_o thing_n that_o fall_v not_o under_o our_o sense_n to_o have_v have_v their_o first_o rise_n from_o sensible_a idea_n by_o which_o we_o may_v give_v some_o kind_n of_o guess_n what_o kind_n of_o notion_n they_o be_v and_o whence_o derive_v which_o fill_v their_o mind_n who_o be_v the_o first_o beginner_n of_o language_n and_o how_o nature_n even_o in_o the_o name_n of_o thing_n unaware_o suggest_v to_o man_n the_o original_n and_o principle_n of_o all_o their_o knowledge_n whilst_o to_o give_v name_n that_o may_v make_v know_v to_o other_o any_o operation_n they_o feel_v in_o themselves_o or_o any_o other_o idea_n that_o come_v not_o under_o their_o sense_n they_o be_v fain_o to_o borrow_v word_n from_o ordinary_a know_a idea_n of_o sensation_n by_o that_o mean_n to_o make_v other_o the_o more_o easy_o to_o conceive_v those_o operation_n they_o experiment_v in_o themselves_o which_o make_v no_o outward_a sensible_a appearance_n and_o then_o when_o they_o have_v get_v know_v and_o agree_v name_n to_o signify_v those_o internal_a operation_n of_o their_o own_o mind_n they_o be_v sufficient_o furnish_v to_o make_v know_v by_o word_n all_o their_o other_o idea_n since_o they_o can_v consist_v of_o nothing_o but_o either_o of_o outward_a sensible_a perception_n or_o of_o the_o inward_a operation_n of_o their_o mind_n about_o they_o we_o have_v as_o have_v be_v prove_v no_o idea_n at_o all_o but_o what_o original_o come_v either_o from_o sensible_a object_n without_o or_o what_o we_o feel_v within_o ourselves_o from_o the_o inward_a work_n of_o our_o own_o spirit_n which_o we_o be_v conscious_a to_o ourselves_o of_o within_o §_o 6._o but_o to_o understand_v better_o the_o use_n and_o force_v of_o language_n as_o subservient_fw-fr to_o instruction_n and_o knowledge_n it_o will_v be_v convenient_a to_o consider_v first_o to_o what_o it_o be_v that_o name_n in_o the_o use_n of_o language_n be_v immediate_o apply_v second_o since_o all_o except_o proper_a name_n be_v general_a and_o so_o stand_v not_o particular_o for_o this_o or_o that_o single_a thing_n but_o for_o sort_n and_o rank_n of_o thing_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o consider_v in_o the_o next_o place_n what_o the_o sort_n and_o kind_n or_o if_o you_o rather_o like_o the_o latin_a name_n what_o the_o species_n and_o genera_n of_o thing_n be_v wherein_o they_o consist_v and_o how_o they_o come_v to_o be_v make_v these_o be_v as_o they_o ought_v well_o look_v into_o we_o shall_v the_o better_o come_v to_o find_v the_o right_a use_n of_o word_n the_o natural_a advantage_n and_o defect_n of_o language_n and_o the_o remedy_n that_o ought_v to_o be_v use_v to_o avoid_v the_o inconvenience_n of_o obscurity_n or_o uncertainty_n in_o the_o signification_n of_o word_n without_o which_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o discourse_v with_o any_o clearness_n or_o order_n concern_v knowledge_n which_o be_v conversant_a about_o proposition_n and_o those_o most_o common_o universal_a one_o have_v great_a connexion_n with_o word_n than_o perhaps_o be_v suspect_v these_o consideration_n therefore_o shall_v be_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o follow_a chapter_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o signification_n of_o word_n §_o 1._o man_n though_o he_o have_v great_a variety_n of_o thought_n and_o such_o from_o which_o other_o as_o well_o as_o himself_o may_v receive_v profit_n and_o delight_n yet_o they_o be_v all_o within_o his_o own_o breast_n invisible_a and_o hide_a from_o other_o nor_o can_v of_o themselves_o be_v make_v appear_v the_o comfort_n therefore_o and_o advantage_n of_o society_n not_o be_v to_o be_v have_v without_o communication_n of_o thought_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o man_n shall_v find_v out_o some_o external_a sensible_a sign_n whereby_o those_o invisible_a idea_n which_o possess_v his_o mind_n in_o so_o great_a variety_n may_v be_v make_v know_v to_o other_o for_o which_o purpose_n nothing_o be_v so_o fit_a either_o for_o plenty_n or_o quickness_n as_o those_o articulate_a sound_n which_o with_o so_o much_o ease_n and_o variety_n he_o find_v himself_o able_a to_o make_v thus_o we_o may_v conceive_v how_o word_n which_o be_v by_o nature_n so_o well_o
child_n use_v determine_v themselves_o to_o those_o person_n afterward_o when_o time_n and_o a_o large_a acquaintance_n have_v make_v they_o observe_v that_o there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o other_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n that_o in_o some_o common_a agreement_n of_o shape_n and_o several_a other_o quality_n resemble_v their_o father_n and_o mother_n and_o those_o person_n they_o have_v be_v use_v to_o they_o frame_v a_o idea_n which_o they_o find_v those_o many_o particular_n do_v partake_v in_o and_o to_o that_o they_o give_v with_o other_o the_o name_n man_n for_o example_n and_o thus_o they_o come_v to_o have_v a_o general_a name_n and_o a_o general_a idea_n wherein_o they_o make_v nothing_o new_a but_o only_o leave_v out_o of_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n they_o have_v of_o peteâ—_n and_o james_n mary_n and_o jane_n that_o which_o be_v peculiar_a to_o each_o and_o retain_v only_o what_o be_v common_a to_o they_o all_o §_o 8._o by_o the_o same_o way_n that_o they_o come_v by_o the_o general_a name_n and_o idea_n of_o man_n they_o easy_o advance_v to_o more_o general_a name_n and_o notion_n for_o observe_v that_o several_a thing_n that_o differ_v from_o their_o idea_n of_o man_n and_o can_v therefore_o be_v comprehend_v under_o that_o name_n have_v yet_o certain_a quality_n wherein_o they_o agree_v with_o man_n by_o retain_v only_o those_o quality_n and_o unite_n they_o into_o one_o idea_n they_o have_v again_o another_o and_o a_o more_o general_a idea_n to_o which_o have_v give_v a_o name_n they_o make_v a_o term_n of_o a_o more_o comprehensive_a extension_n which_o new_a idea_n be_v make_v not_o by_o any_o new_a addition_n but_o only_o as_o before_o by_o leave_v out_o the_o shape_n and_o some_o other_o property_n signify_v by_o the_o name_n man_n and_o retain_v only_o a_o body_n with_o life_n sense_n and_o spontaneous_a motion_n comprehend_v under_o the_o name_n animal_n §_o 9_o that_o this_o be_v the_o way_n whereby_o man_n first_o form_v general_a idea_n and_o general_a name_n to_o they_o i_o think_v be_v so_o evident_a that_o there_o need_v no_o other_o proof_n of_o it_o but_o the_o consider_v of_o a_o man_n self_n or_o other_o and_o the_o ordinary_a proceed_n of_o their_o mind_n in_o knowledge_n and_o he_o that_o think_v general_a nature_n or_o notion_n be_v any_o thing_n else_o but_o such_o abstract_n and_o partial_a idea_n of_o more_o complex_fw-la one_o take_v at_o first_o from_o particular_a existence_n will_n i_o fear_v be_v at_o a_o loss_n where_o to_o find_v they_o for_o let_v any_o one_o reflect_v wherein_o do_v his_o idea_n of_o a_o man_n differ_v from_o that_o of_o peter_n and_o paul_n or_o his_o idea_n of_o a_o horse_n from_o that_o of_o bucephalus_n but_o in_o the_o leave_v out_o something_o that_o be_v peculiar_a to_o each_o individual_a and_o retain_v so_o much_o of_o those_o particular_a complex_fw-la idea_n of_o several_a particular_a existence_n as_o they_o be_v find_v to_o agree_v in_o of_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n signify_v by_o the_o name_n man_n and_o horse_n leave_v out_o but_o those_o particular_n wherein_o they_o differ_v and_o retain_v only_o those_o wherein_n they_o agree_v and_o of_o those_o make_v a_o new_a distinct_a complex_fw-la idea_n and_o give_v the_o name_n animal_n to_o it_o one_o have_v a_o more_o general_a term_n that_o comprehend_v with_o man_n several_z other_z creature_n leave_v out_o the_o idea_n of_o animal_n sense_n and_o spontaneous_a motion_n and_o the_o remain_a complex_fw-la idea_n make_v up_o of_o the_o remain_a simple_a one_o of_o body_n life_n and_o nourishment_n become_v a_o more_o general_a one_o under_o the_o more_o comprehensive_a term_n vivens_fw-la and_o not_o to_o dwell_v long_o upon_o this_o particular_a so_o evident_a in_o itself_o by_o the_o same_o way_n the_o mind_n proceed_v to_o body_n substance_n and_o at_o last_o to_o be_v thing_n and_o such_o universal_a term_n which_o stand_v for_o any_o of_o our_o idea_n whatsoever_o to_o conclude_v this_o whole_a mystery_n of_o genera_n and_o species_n which_o make_v such_o a_o noise_n in_o the_o school_n and_o be_v with_o justice_z so_o little_o regard_v out_o of_o they_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o abstract_a idea_n more_o or_o less_o comprehensive_a with_o name_n annex_v to_o they_o in_o all_o which_o this_o be_v constant_a and_o unvariable_a that_o every_o more_o general_a term_n stand_v for_o such_o a_o idea_n as_o be_v but_o a_o part_n of_o any_o of_o those_o contain_v under_o it_o §_o 10._o this_o may_v show_v we_o the_o reason_n why_o in_o the_o define_n of_o word_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o declare_v their_o signification_n we_o make_v use_v of_o the_o genus_fw-la or_o next_o general_a word_n that_o comprehend_v it_o which_o be_v not_o out_o of_o necessity_n but_o only_o to_o save_v the_o labour_n of_o enumerate_v the_o several_a simple_a idea_n which_o the_o next_o general_a word_n or_o genus_fw-la stand_v for_o or_o perhaps_o sometime_o the_o shame_n of_o not_o be_v able_a to_o do_v it_o but_o though_o define_v by_o genus_fw-la and_o differentia_fw-la i_o crave_v leave_n to_o use_v these_o term_n of_o art_n though_o original_o latin_a since_o they_o most_o proper_o suit_v those_o notion_n they_o be_v apply_v to_o i_o say_v though_o define_v by_o the_o genus_fw-la be_v the_o short_a way_n yet_o i_o think_v it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o it_o be_v the_o best_a this_o i_o be_o sure_a it_o be_v not_o the_o only_a and_o so_o not_o absolute_o necessary_a for_o definition_n be_v nothing_o but_o make_v another_o understand_v by_o word_n what_o idea_n the_o term_n definedâ—_n stand_v for_o a_o definition_n be_v best_a make_v by_o enumerate_v those_o simple_a idea_n that_o be_v combine_v in_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o term_n define_v and_o if_o instead_o of_o such_o a_o enumeration_n man_n have_v accustom_v themselves_o to_o use_v the_o next_o general_a term_n it_o have_v not_o be_v out_o of_o necessity_n or_o for_o great_a clearness_n but_o for_o quickness_n and_o dispatch_n sake_n for_o i_o think_v that_o to_o one_o who_o desire_v to_o know_v what_o idea_n the_o word_n man_n stand_v for_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v say_v that_o a_o man_n be_v a_o solid_a extend_a substance_n have_v life_n sense_n spontaneous_a motion_n and_o the_o faculty_n of_o reason_v i_o doubt_v not_o but_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o term_n man_n will_v be_v as_o well_o understand_v and_o the_o idea_n it_o stand_v for_o be_v at_o least_o as_o clear_o make_v know_v as_o when_o it_o be_v define_v to_o be_v a_o rational_a animal_n which_o by_o the_o several_a definition_n of_o animal_n vivens_fw-la and_o corpus_n resolve_v itself_o into_o those_o enumerated_a idea_n i_o have_v in_o explain_v the_o term_n man_n followed_z here_o the_o ordinary_a definition_n of_o the_o school_n which_o though_o perhaps_o not_o the_o most_o exact_a yet_o serve_v well_o enough_o to_o my_o present_a purpose_n and_o one_o may_v in_o this_o instance_n see_v what_o give_v occasion_n to_o that_o rule_n that_o a_o definition_n must_v consist_v of_o its_o genus_fw-la and_o differentia_fw-la and_o it_o suffice_v to_o show_v we_o the_o little_a necessity_n there_o be_v of_o such_o a_o rule_n or_o advantage_n in_o the_o strict_a observe_v of_o it_o for_o definition_n as_o have_v be_v say_v be_v only_o the_o explain_n of_o one_o word_n by_o several_a other_o so_o that_o the_o meaning_n or_o idea_n it_o stand_v for_o may_v be_v certain_o know_v language_n be_v not_o always_o so_o make_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o logic_n that_o every_o term_n can_v have_v its_o signification_n exact_o and_o clear_o express_v by_o two_o other_o experience_v sufficient_o satisfy_v we_o to_o the_o contrary_a or_o else_o those_o who_o have_v make_v this_o rule_n have_v do_v ill_o that_o they_o have_v give_v we_o so_o few_o definition_n conformable_a to_o it_o but_o of_o definition_n more_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n §_o 11._o to_o return_v to_o general_a word_n it_o be_v plain_a by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v that_o general_n and_o universal_a belong_v not_o to_o the_o real_a existence_n of_o thing_n but_o be_v the_o invention_n and_o creature_n of_o the_o understanding_n make_v by_o it_o for_o its_o own_o use_n and_o concern_v only_a sign_n whether_o word_n or_o idea_n word_n be_v general_a as_o have_v be_v say_v when_o use_v for_o sign_n of_o general_a idea_n and_o so_o be_v applicable_a indifferent_o to_o many_o particular_a thing_n and_o idea_n be_v general_a when_o they_o be_v set_v up_o as_o the_o representative_n of_o many_o particular_a thing_n but_o universality_n belong_v not_o to_o thing_n themselves_o which_o be_v all_o of_o they_o particular_a in_o their_o existence_n even_o those_o word_n and_o idea_n which_o in_o their_o signification_n be_v general_a when_o therefore_o we_o quit_v particular_n the_o general_n that_o rest_n be_v only_a
say_v that_o body_n move_v let_v we_o say_v that_o extension_n move_v and_o see_v how_o it_o will_v look_v and_o he_o that_o shall_v say_v that_o one_o extension_n by_o impulse_n move_v another_o extension_n will_v by_o the_o bare_a expression_n sufficient_o show_v the_o absurdity_n of_o such_o a_o notion_n the_o essence_n of_o any_o thing_n in_o respect_n of_o we_o be_v the_o whole_a complex_fw-la idea_n comprehend_v and_o mark_v by_o that_o name_n and_o in_o substance_n beside_o the_o several_a distinct_a simple_a idea_n that_o make_v they_o up_o the_o confuse_a one_o of_o substance_n or_o of_o a_o unknown_a support_n and_o cause_n of_o their_o union_n be_v always_o a_o part_n and_o therefore_o the_o essence_n of_o body_n be_v not_o bare_a extension_n but_o a_o extend_a solid_a thing_n and_o so_o to_o say_v a_o extend_a solid_a thing_n move_v or_o impel_v another_o be_v all_o one_o and_o as_o intelligible_a as_o to_o say_v body_n move_v or_o impel_v likewise_o to_o say_v that_o a_o rational_a animal_n be_v capable_a of_o conversation_n be_v all_o one_o as_o to_o say_v a_o man._n but_o no_o one_o will_v say_v that_o rationality_n be_v capable_a of_o conversation_n because_o it_o make_v not_o the_o whole_a essence_n to_o which_o we_o give_v the_o name_n man._n §_o 22._o there_o be_v creature_n in_o the_o world_n that_o have_v shape_n like_o we_o but_o be_v hairy_a and_o want_v language_n and_o reason_n there_o be_v natural_n among_o we_o that_o have_v perfect_o our_o shape_n but_o want_v reason_n and_o some_o of_o they_o language_n too_o there_o be_v creature_n as_o it_o be_v say_v sit_fw-la fides_fw-la penes_fw-la authorem_fw-la but_o there_o appear_v no_o contradiction_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v such_o that_o with_o language_n and_o reason_n and_o a_o shape_n in_o other_o thing_n agree_v with_o we_o have_v hairy_a tail_n other_o where_o the_o male_n have_v no_o beard_n and_o other_o where_o the_o female_n have_v if_o it_o be_v ask_v whether_o these_o be_v all_o man_n or_o no_o all_o of_o (null)_o species_n it_o be_v plain_a the_o question_n refer_v only_o to_o the_o nominal_a essence_n for_o those_o to_o who_o the_o definition_n of_o the_o word_n man_n or_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n signify_v by_o that_o name_n agree_v they_o be_v man_n and_o the_o other_o not_o but_o if_o the_o enquiry_n be_v make_v concern_v the_o suppose_a real_a essence_n and_o whether_o the_o internal_a constitution_n and_o frame_n of_o these_o several_a creature_n be_v specifical_o different_a it_o be_v whole_o impossible_a for_o we_o to_o answer_v no_o part_n of_o that_o go_n into_o our_o specific_a idea_n only_o we_o have_v reason_n to_o think_v that_o where_o the_o faculty_n or_o outward_a frame_n so_o much_o differ_v the_o internal_a constitution_n be_v not_o exact_o the_o same_o but_o what_o difference_n in_o the_o internal_a real_a constitution_n make_v a_o specific_a difference_n be_v in_o vain_a to_o inquire_v whilst_o our_o measure_n of_o species_n be_v as_o they_o be_v only_o our_o abstract_n idea_n which_o we_o know_v and_o not_o that_o internal_a constitution_n which_o make_v no_o part_n of_o they_o shall_v the_o difference_n of_o hair_n only_o on_o the_o skin_n be_v a_o mark_n of_o a_o different_a internal_a specific_a constitution_n between_o a_o changeling_n and_o a_o drill_n when_o they_o agree_v in_o shape_n and_o want_v of_o reason_n and_o speech_n and_o shall_v not_o the_o want_n of_o reason_n and_o speech_n be_v a_o sign_n to_o we_o of_o different_a real_a constitution_n and_o species_n between_o a_o changeling_n and_o a_o reasonable_a man_n and_o so_o of_o the_o rest_n if_o we_o pretend_v that_o the_o distinction_n of_o species_n be_v fix_o establish_v by_o the_o real_a frame_n and_o secret_a constitution_n of_o thing_n §_o 23._o nor_o let_v any_o one_o say_v that_o the_o real_a species_n of_o animal_n be_v distinguish_v by_o a_o power_n of_o propagation_n by_o the_o mixture_n of_o male_a and_o female_a and_o plant_n by_o seed_n for_o this_o will_v help_v we_o no_o far_o than_o in_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o species_n of_o animal_n and_o vegetable_n what_o must_v we_o do_v for_o the_o rest_n nor_o be_v it_o sufficient_a in_o they_o for_o if_o history_n lie_v not_o woman_n have_v conceive_v by_o drill_v and_o what_o real_a species_n by_o that_o measure_n such_o a_o production_n will_v be_v in_o nature_n will_v be_v a_o new_a question_n and_o we_o have_v reason_n to_o think_v this_o not_o impossible_a since_o mule_n and_o gimar_n the_o one_o from_o the_o mixture_n of_o a_o horse_n and_o a_o ass_n the_o other_o from_o the_o mixture_n of_o a_o bull_n and_o a_o mare_n be_v so_o frequent_a in_o the_o world_n i_o once_o see_v a_o creature_n that_o be_v the_o issue_n of_o a_o cat_n and_o a_o rat_n and_o have_v the_o plain_a mark_n of_o both_o about_o it_o wherein_o nature_n appear_v to_o have_v follow_v the_o pattern_n of_o neither_o sort_n alone_o but_o to_o have_v jumble_v they_o both_o together_o §_o 24._o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o it_o be_v their_o own_o collection_n of_o sensible_a quality_n that_o man_n make_v the_o essence_n of_o their_o several_a sort_n of_o substance_n and_o that_o their_o real_a internal_a structure_n be_v not_o consider_v by_o the_o great_a part_n of_o man_n in_o the_o sort_v they_o much_o less_o any_o substantial_a form_n be_v ever_o think_v on_o by_o any_o but_o those_o who_o have_v in_o this_o one_o part_n of_o the_o world_n learn_v the_o language_n of_o the_o school_n and_o yet_o those_o ignorant_a man_n who_o pretend_v not_o any_o insight_n into_o the_o real_a essence_n nor_o trouble_v themselves_o about_o substantial_a form_n but_o be_v content_a with_o know_v thing_n one_o from_o another_o by_o their_o sensible_a quality_n be_v often_o better_o acquaint_v with_o their_o difference_n can_v more_o nice_o distinguish_v they_o for_o their_o use_n and_o better_o know_v what_o they_o may_v expect_v from_o each_o than_o those_o learned_a quick-sighted_a man_n who_o look_v so_o deep_a into_o they_o and_o talk_v so_o confident_o of_o something_o more_o hide_v and_o essential_a §_o 25._o but_o suppose_v that_o the_o real_a essence_n of_o substance_n be_v discoverable_a by_o those_o that_o will_v severe_o apply_v themselves_o to_o that_o enquiry_n yet_o we_o can_v not_o reasonable_o think_v that_o the_o rank_v of_o thing_n under_o general_a name_n be_v regulate_v by_o those_o internal_a real_a constitution_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o but_o their_o obvious_a appearance_n since_o language_n in_o all_o country_n have_v be_v establish_v long_o before_o science_n so_o that_o they_o have_v not_o be_v philosopher_n or_o logician_n or_o such_o who_o have_v trouble_v themselves_o about_o form_n and_o essence_n that_o have_v make_v the_o general_a name_n that_o be_v in_o use_n among_o the_o severel_n nation_n of_o man_n but_o those_o more_o or_o less_o comprehensive_a term_n have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o all_o language_n receive_v their_o birth_n and_o signification_n from_o ignorant_a and_o illiterate_a people_n who_o sort_v and_o denominate_v thing_n by_o those_o sensible_a quality_n they_o find_v in_o they_o thereby_o to_o signify_v they_o when_o absent_a to_o other_o whether_o they_o have_v a_o occasion_n to_o mention_v a_o sort_n or_o a_o particular_a thing_n §_o 25._o since_o than_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o we_o sort_n and_o name_n substance_n by_o their_o nominal_a and_o not_o by_o their_o real_a essence_n the_o next_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v be_v how_o and_o by_o who_o these_o essence_n come_v to_o be_v make_v as_o to_o the_o latter_a it_o be_v evident_a they_o be_v make_v by_o the_o mind_n and_o not_o by_o nature_n for_o be_v they_o nature_n workmanship_n they_o can_v not_o be_v so_o various_a and_o different_a in_o several_a man_n as_o it_o be_v evident_a they_o be_v for_o if_o we_o will_v examine_v it_o we_o shall_v not_o find_v the_o nominal_a essence_n of_o any_o one_o species_n of_o substance_n in_o all_o man_n the_o same_o no_o not_o of_o that_o which_o of_o all_o other_o we_o be_v the_o most_o intimate_o acquaint_v with_o it_o can_v not_o possible_o be_v that_o the_o abstract_n idea_n to_o which_o the_o name_n man_n be_v give_v shall_v be_v different_a in_o several_a man_n if_o it_o be_v of_o nature_n make_v and_o that_o to_o one_o it_o shall_v be_v animal_n rationale_fw-la and_o to_o another_o animal_n implume_v bipe_n latis_fw-la unguibus_fw-la he_o that_o annex_v the_o name_n man_n to_o a_o complex_fw-la idea_n make_v up_o of_o sense_n and_o spontaneous_a motion_n join_v to_o a_o body_n of_o such_o a_o shape_n have_v thereby_o one_o essence_n of_o the_o species_n man_n and_o he_o that_o upon_o far_a examination_n add_v rationality_n have_v another_o essence_n of_o the_o species_n he_o call_v man_n by_o which_o mean_n
dispatch_n by_o short_a and_o comprehensive_a sign_n than_o the_o true_a and_o precise_a nature_n of_o thing_n as_o they_o exist_v have_v in_o the_o frame_n their_o abstract_n idea_n chief_o pursue_v that_o end_n which_o be_v to_o be_v furnish_v with_o store_n of_o general_n and_o various_o comprehensive_a name_n so_o that_o in_o this_o whole_a business_n of_o genera_n and_o species_n the_o genus_fw-la or_o more_o comprehensive_a be_v but_o a_o partial_a conception_n of_o what_o be_v in_o the_o species_n and_o the_o species_n but_o a_o partial_a idea_n of_o what_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o each_o individual_a if_o therefore_o any_o one_o will_v think_v that_o a_o man_n and_o a_o horse_n and_o a_o animal_n and_o a_o plant_n etc._n etc._n be_v distinguish_v by_o real_a essence_n make_v by_o nature_n he_o must_v think_v nature_n to_o be_v very_o liberal_a of_o these_o real_a essence_n make_v one_o for_o body_n another_o for_o a_o animal_n and_o another_o for_o a_o horse_n and_o all_o these_o essence_n liberal_o bestow_v upon_o bucephalus_n but_o if_o we_o will_v right_o consider_v what_o be_v do_v in_o all_o these_o genera_n and_o species_n or_o sort_n we_o shall_v find_v that_o there_o be_v no_o new_a thing_n make_v but_o only_o more_o or_o less_o comprehensive_a sign_n whereby_o we_o may_v be_v enable_v to_o express_v in_o a_o few_o syllable_n great_a number_n of_o particular_a thing_n as_o they_o agree_v in_o more_o or_o less_o general_a conception_n which_o we_o have_v frame_v to_o that_o purpose_n in_o all_o which_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o the_o more_o general_a term_n be_v always_o the_o name_n of_o a_o less_o complex_fw-la idea_n and_o that_o each_o genus_fw-la be_v but_o a_o partial_a conception_n of_o the_o species_n comprehend_v under_o it_o so_o that_o if_o these_o abstract_n general_a idea_n be_v think_v to_o be_v complete_a it_o can_v only_o be_v in_o respect_n of_o a_o certain_a establish_a relation_n between_o they_o and_o certain_a name_n which_o be_v make_v use_n of_o to_o signify_v they_o and_o not_o in_o respect_n of_o any_o thing_n exist_v as_o make_v by_o nature_n §_o 32._o this_o be_v adjust_v to_o the_o true_a end_n of_o speech_n which_o be_v to_o be_v the_o easy_a and_o short_a way_n of_o communicate_v our_o notion_n for_o thus_o he_o that_o will_v make_v and_o discourse_n of_o thing_n as_o they_o agree_v in_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o extension_n and_o solidity_n need_v but_o use_v the_o word_n body_n to_o denote_v all_o such_o he_o that_o to_o these_o will_v join_v other_o signify_v by_o the_o word_n life_n sense_n and_o spontaneous_a motion_n need_v but_o use_v the_o word_n animal_n to_o signify_v all_o which_o partake_v of_o those_o idea_n and_o he_o that_o have_v make_v a_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o a_o body_n with_o life_n sense_n and_o motion_n with_o the_o faculty_n of_o reason_v and_o a_o certain_a shape_n join_v to_o it_o need_v but_o use_v the_o short_a monosyllable_n man_n to_o express_v all_o particular_n that_o correspond_v to_o that_o complex_fw-la idea_n this_o be_v the_o proper_a business_n of_o genus_fw-la and_o species_n and_o this_o man_n do_v without_o any_o consideration_n of_o real_a essence_n or_o substantial_a form_n which_o come_v not_o within_o the_o reach_n of_o our_o knowledge_n when_o we_o think_v of_o those_o thing_n nor_o within_o the_o signification_n of_o our_o word_n when_o we_o discourse_v with_o other_o §_o 33._o be_v i_o to_o talk_v with_o any_o one_o of_o a_o sort_n of_o bird_n i_o late_o see_v in_o st._n james_n park_n about_o three_o or_o four_o foot_n high_a with_o a_o cover_v of_o something_o between_o feather_n and_o hair_n of_o a_o dark_a brown_a colour_n without_o wing_n but_o in_o the_o place_n thereof_o two_o or_o three_o little_a branch_n come_v down_o like_o sprig_n of_o spanish_a broom_n long_o great_a leg_n with_o foot_n only_o of_o three_o claw_n and_o without_o a_o tail_n i_o must_v make_v this_o description_n of_o it_o and_o so_o may_v make_v other_o understand_v i_o but_o when_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o the_o name_n of_o it_o be_v cassuaris_n i_o may_v then_o use_v that_o word_n to_o stand_v in_o discourse_n for_o all_o my_o complex_fw-la idea_n mention_v in_o that_o description_n though_o by_o that_o word_n which_o be_v now_o become_v a_o specific_a name_n i_o know_v no_o more_o of_o the_o real_a essence_n or_o constitution_n of_o that_o sort_n of_o animal_n than_o i_o do_v before_o and_o know_v probable_o as_o much_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o that_o species_n of_o bird_n before_o i_o learn_v the_o name_n as_o many_o englishman_n do_v of_o swan_n or_o heron_n which_o be_v specific_a name_n very_o well_o know_v of_o sort_n of_o bird_n common_a in_o england_n §_o 34._o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o be_v evident_a that_o man_n make_v sort_n of_o thing_n for_o it_o be_v different_a essence_n alone_o that_o make_v different_a species_n it_o be_v plain_a that_o they_o who_o make_v those_o abstract_n idea_n which_o be_v the_o nominal_a essence_n do_v thereby_o make_v the_o species_n or_o sort._n shall_v there_o be_v a_o body_n find_v have_v all_o the_o other_o quality_n of_o gold_n except_o malleableness_n it_o will_v no_o doubt_n be_v make_v a_o question_n whether_o it_o be_v gold_n or_o no_o whether_o it_o be_v of_o that_o species_n this_o can_v be_v determine_v only_o by_o that_o abstract_n idea_n to_o which_o every_o one_o annex_v the_o name_n gold_n so_o that_o it_o will_v be_v true_a gold_n to_o he_o and_o belong_v to_o that_o species_n who_o include_v not_o malleableness_n in_o his_o nominal_a essence_n signify_v by_o the_o sound_a gold_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o will_v not_o be_v true_a gold_n or_o of_o that_o species_n to_o he_o who_o include_v malleableness_n in_o his_o specific_a idea_n and_o who_o i_o pray_v be_v it_o that_o make_v these_o divers_a species_n even_o under_o one_o and_o the_o same_o name_n but_o man_n that_o make_v two_o different_a abstract_n idea_n consist_v not_o exact_o of_o the_o same_o collection_n of_o quality_n nor_o be_v it_o a_o mere_a supposition_n to_o imagine_v that_o a_o body_n may_v exist_v wherein_o the_o other_o obvious_a quality_n of_o gold_n may_v be_v without_o malleableness_n since_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o gold_n itself_o will_v be_v sometime_o so_o eager_a as_o artist_n call_v it_o that_o it_o will_v as_o little_o endure_v the_o hammer_n as_o glass_n itself_o what_o we_o have_v say_v of_o the_o put_n in_o or_o leave_v out_o of_o malleableness_n out_o of_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n the_o name_n gold_n be_v by_o any_o one_o annex_v to_o may_v be_v say_v of_o its_o peculiar_a weight_n fixedness_n and_o several_a other_o the_o like_a quality_n for_o whatever_o be_v leave_v out_o or_o put_v in_o it_o be_v still_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n to_o which_o that_o name_n be_v annex_v that_o make_v the_o species_n and_o as_o any_o particular_a parcel_n of_o matter_n answer_v that_o idea_n so_o the_o name_n of_o the_o sort_n belong_v true_o to_o it_o and_o it_o be_v of_o that_o species_n and_o thus_o any_o thing_n be_v true_a gold_n perfect_a metal_n all_o which_o determination_n of_o the_o species_n it_o be_v plain_a depend_v on_o the_o understanding_n of_o man_n make_v this_o or_o that_o complex_fw-la idea_n §_o 35._o this_o then_o in_o short_a be_v the_o case_n nature_n make_v many_o particular_a thing_n which_o do_v agree_v one_o with_o another_o in_o many_o sensible_a quality_n and_o probable_o too_o in_o their_o internal_a frameâ—_n and_o constitution_n but_o â—tis_o not_o this_o real_a essence_n that_o distinguish_v they_o into_o species_n it_o be_v men_n who_o take_v occasion_n from_o the_o quality_n they_o find_v unite_v in_o they_o and_o wherein_o they_o observe_v often_o several_a individual_n to_o agree_v range_v they_o into_o sort_n in_o order_n to_o their_o name_n for_o the_o convenience_n of_o comprehensive_a sign_n under_o which_o particular_a individual_n according_a to_o their_o conformity_n to_o this_o or_o that_o abstract_n idea_n come_v to_o be_v rank_v as_o under_o ensign_n so_o that_o this_o be_v of_o the_o blue_n that_o the_o red_a regiment_n this_o be_v a_o man_n that_o a_o drill_n and_o in_o this_o i_o think_v consist_v the_o whole_a business_n of_o genus_fw-la and_o species_n §_o 36._o i_o do_v not_o deny_v but_o nature_n in_o the_o constant_a production_n of_o particular_a being_n make_v they_o not_o always_o new_a and_o various_a but_o very_o much_o alike_o and_o of_o kin_n one_o to_o another_o but_o i_o think_v it_o be_v nevertheless_o true_a that_o the_o boundary_n of_o the_o species_n whereby_o man_n sort_v they_o be_v make_v by_o man_n since_o the_o essence_n of_o the_o species_n distinguish_v by_o different_a name_n be_v as_o have_v be_v prove_v of_o man_n make_v and_o seldom_o adequate_a
man_n have_v idea_n clear_a and_o distinct_a in_o his_o thought_n nor_o that_o he_o observe_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o some_o of_o they_o but_o he_o must_v think_v in_o train_n and_o observe_v the_o dependency_n of_o his_o thought_n and_o reason_n one_o upon_o another_o and_o to_o express_v well_o such_o methodical_a and_o rational_a thought_n he_o must_v have_v word_n to_o show_v what_o connexion_n restriction_n distinction_n opposition_n emphasis_n etc._n etc._n he_o give_v to_o each_o respective_a part_n of_o his_o discourse_n to_o mistake_v in_o any_o of_o these_o be_v to_o puzzle_v instead_o of_o inform_v his_o hearer_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o those_o word_n which_o be_v not_o true_o by_o themselves_o the_o name_n of_o any_o idea_n be_v of_o such_o constant_a and_o indispensible_a use_n in_o language_n and_o do_v so_o much_o contribute_v to_o man_n well_o express_v themselves_o §_o 3._o this_o part_n of_o grammar_n have_v be_v perhaps_o as_o much_o neglect_v as_o some_o other_o over-diligent_o cultivate_v it_o be_v easy_a for_o man_n to_o write_v one_o after_o another_o of_o case_n and_o gender_n mood_n and_o tense_n gerund_n and_o supine_n in_o these_o and_o the_o like_a there_o have_v be_v great_a diligence_n use_v and_o particle_n themselves_o in_o some_o language_n have_v be_v with_o great_a show_n of_o exactness_n rank_v into_o their_o several_a order_n but_o though_o preposition_n and_o conjunction_n etc._n etc._n be_v name_n well_o know_v in_o grammar_n and_o the_o particle_n contain_v under_o they_o careful_o rank_v into_o their_o distinct_a subdivision_n yet_o he_o who_o will_v show_v the_o right_a use_n of_o particle_n and_o what_o significancy_n and_o force_n they_o have_v must_v take_v a_o little_a more_o pain_n enter_v into_o his_o own_o thought_n and_o observe_v nice_o the_o several_a posture_n of_o his_o mind_n in_o discourse_v §_o 4._o neither_o be_v it_o enough_o for_o the_o explain_n of_o these_o word_n to_o render_v they_o as_o be_v usual_o in_o dictionary_n by_o word_n of_o another_o tongue_n which_o come_v near_a to_o their_o signification_n for_o what_o be_v mean_v by_o they_o be_v common_o as_o hard_a to_o be_v understand_v in_o one_o as_o another_o language_n they_o be_v all_o mark_n of_o some_o action_n or_o intimation_n of_o the_o mind_n and_o therefore_o to_o understand_v they_o right_o the_o several_a view_n posture_n stand_v turns_z limitation_n and_o exception_n and_o several_a other_o thought_n of_o the_o mind_n for_o which_o we_o have_v either_o none_o or_o very_o deficient_a name_n be_v diligent_o to_o be_v study_v of_o these_o there_o be_v a_o great_a variety_n much_o exceed_v the_o number_n of_o particle_n that_o most_o language_n have_v to_o express_v they_o by_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v wonder_v that_o most_o of_o these_o particle_n have_v divers_a and_o sometime_o almost_o opposite_a signification_n in_o the_o hebrew_n tongue_n there_o be_v a_o particle_n consist_v but_o of_o one_o single_a letter_n of_o which_o there_o be_v reckon_v up_o as_o i_o remember_v seventy_o i_o be_o sure_a above_o fifty_o several_a signification_n §_o 5._o but_o be_v a_o particle_n none_o more_o familiar_a in_o our_o language_n and_o he_o that_o say_v it_o be_v a_o discretive_a conjunction_n and_o that_o it_o answer_v say_v in_o latin_a or_o mais_n in_o french_a think_v he_o have_v sufficient_o explain_v it_o but_o yet_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o intimate_v several_a relation_n the_o mind_n give_v to_o the_o several_a proposition_n or_o part_n of_o they_o which_o it_o join_v by_o this_o monosyllable_n first_o but_o to_o say_v no_o more_o here_o it_o intimate_v a_o stop_n of_o the_o mind_n in_o the_o course_n it_o be_v go_v before_o it_o come_v to_o the_o end_n of_o it_o second_o i_o see_v but_o two_o planet_n here_o it_o show_v that_o the_o mind_n limit_n the_o sense_n to_o what_o be_v express_v with_o a_o negation_n of_o all_o other_o three_o you_o pray_v but_o it_o be_v not_o that_o god_n will_v bring_v you_o to_o the_o true_a religion_n four_o but_o that_o he_o will_v confirm_v you_o in_o your_o own_o the_o first_o of_o these_o butt_n intimate_v a_o supposition_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o something_o otherwise_o than_o it_o shall_v be_v the_o latter_a show_n that_o the_o mind_n make_v a_o direct_a opposition_n between_o that_o and_o what_o go_v before_o it_o five_o all_o animal_n have_v sense_n but_o a_o dog_n be_v a_o animal_n here_o it_o signify_v little_o more_o but_o that_o the_o latter_a proposition_n be_v join_v to_o the_o former_a as_o the_o minor_a of_o a_o syllogism_n §_o 6._o to_o these_o i_o doubt_v not_o may_v be_v add_v a_o great_a many_o other_o signification_n of_o this_o particle_n if_o it_o be_v my_o business_n to_o examine_v it_o in_o its_o full_a latitude_n and_o consider_v it_o in_o all_o the_o place_n it_o be_v to_o be_v find_v which_o if_o one_o shall_v do_v i_o doubt_v whether_o in_o all_o those_o manner_n it_o be_v make_v use_n of_o it_o will_v deserve_v the_o title_n of_o discretive_a which_o grammarian_n give_v to_o it_o but_o i_o intend_v not_o here_o a_o full_a explication_n of_o this_o sort_n of_o sign_n the_o instance_n i_o have_v give_v in_o this_o one_o may_v give_v occasion_n to_o reflect_v upon_o their_o use_n and_o force_v in_o language_n and_o lead_v we_o into_o the_o contemplation_n of_o several_a action_n of_o our_o mind_n in_o discourse_v which_o it_o have_v find_v a_o way_n to_o intimate_v to_o other_o by_o these_o particle_n some_o whereof_o constant_o and_o other_o in_o certain_a construction_n have_v the_o sense_n of_o a_o whole_a sentence_n contain_v in_o they_o chap._n viii_o of_o abstract_n and_o concrete_a term_n §_o 1._o the_o ordinary_a word_n of_o language_n and_o our_o common_a use_n of_o they_o will_v have_v give_v we_o light_n into_o the_o nature_n of_o our_o idea_n if_o they_o have_v be_v but_o consider_v with_o attention_n the_o mind_n as_o have_v be_v show_v have_v a_o power_n to_o abstract_n its_o idea_n and_o so_o they_o become_v essence_n general_a essence_n whereby_o the_o sort_n of_o thing_n be_v distinguish_v now_o each_o abstract_n idea_n be_v distinct_a so_o that_o the_o one_o can_v never_o be_v the_o other_o the_o mind_n will_v by_o its_o intuitive_a knowledge_n perceive_v their_o difference_n and_o therefore_o in_o proposition_n no_o two_o whole_a idea_n can_v ever_o be_v affirm_v one_o of_o another_o this_o we_o see_v in_o the_o common_a use_n of_o language_n which_o permit_v not_o any_o two_o abstract_a word_n or_o name_n of_o abstract_n idea_n to_o be_v affirm_v one_o of_o another_o for_o how_o near_o of_o kin_n soever_o they_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v and_o how_o certain_a soever_o it_o be_v that_o man_n be_v a_o animal_n or_o rational_a or_o white_a yet_o every_o one_o at_o first_o hear_v perceive_v the_o falsehood_n of_o these_o proposition_n humanity_n be_v animality_n or_o rationality_n or_o whiteness_n and_o this_o be_v as_o evident_a as_o any_o of_o the_o most_o allow_v maxim_n all_o our_o affirmation_n then_o be_v only_o in_o concrete_a which_o be_v the_o affirm_v not_o one_o abstract_a idea_n to_o be_v another_o but_o one_o abstract_n idea_n be_v join_v to_o another_o which_o abstract_a idea_n in_o substance_n may_v be_v of_o any_o sort_n in_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v little_a else_o but_o of_o relation_n and_o in_o substance_n the_o most_o frequent_a be_v of_o power_n v_o g._n a_o man_n be_v white_a signify_v that_o the_o thing_n that_o have_v the_o essence_n of_o a_o man_n have_v also_o in_o it_o the_o essence_n of_o whiteness_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o power_n to_o produce_v the_o idea_n of_o whiteness_n in_o one_o who_o eye_n can_v discover_v ordinary_a object_n or_o a_o man_n be_v rational_a signify_v that_o the_o same_o thing_n that_o have_v the_o essence_n of_o a_o man_n have_v also_o in_o it_o the_o essence_n of_o rationality_n i._n e._n a_o power_n of_o reason_v §_o 2._o this_o distinction_n of_o name_n show_v we_o also_o the_o difference_n of_o our_o idea_n for_o if_o we_o observe_v they_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o our_o simple_a idea_n have_v all_o abstract_n as_o well_o as_o concrete_a name_n the_o one_o whereof_o be_v to_o speak_v the_o language_n of_o grammarian_n a_o substantive_n the_o other_o a_o adjective_n as_o whiteness_n white_a sweetness_n sweet_a the_o like_a also_o hold_v in_o our_o idea_n of_o modes_n and_o relation_n as_o justice_n just_o equality_n equal_a only_o with_o this_o difference_n that_o some_o of_o the_o concrete_a name_n of_o relation_n among_o man_n chief_o be_v substantive_n as_o paternitas_fw-la pater_fw-la whereof_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o render_v a_o reason_n but_o as_o to_o our_o idea_n of_o substance_n we_o have_v very_o few_o or_o no_o abstract_n name_n at_o all_o for_o though_o
reason_n that_o make_v the_o define_n of_o mix_a modes_n so_o necessary_a especial_o of_o moral_a word_n be_v what_o i_o mention_v a_o little_a before_o and_o that_o be_v that_o it_o be_v the_o only_a way_n whereby_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o most_o of_o they_o can_v be_v know_v with_o certainty_n for_o the_o idea_n they_o stand_v for_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n such_o who_o component_a part_n nowhere_o exist_v together_o but_o scatter_v and_o mingle_v with_o other_o it_o be_v the_o mind_n alone_o that_o collect_v they_o and_o give_v they_o the_o union_n of_o one_o idea_n and_o it_o be_v only_o by_o word_n enumerate_v the_o several_a simple_a idea_n which_o the_o mind_n have_v unite_v that_o we_o can_v make_v know_v to_o other_o what_o their_o name_n stand_v for_o and_o not_o by_o any_o application_n to_o the_o sense_n as_o we_o can_v do_v in_o sensible_a simple_a idea_n and_o also_o to_o some_o degree_n in_o substance_n §_o 19_o three_o for_o the_o explain_v the_o signification_n of_o the_o name_n of_o substance_n as_o they_o stand_v for_o the_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o their_o distinct_a species_n both_o the_o forementioned_a way_n viz._n of_o show_v and_o define_v be_v requisite_a in_o many_o case_n to_o be_v make_v use_n of_o for_o there_o be_v ordinary_o in_o each_o sort_v some_o lead_a quality_n to_o which_o we_o suppose_v the_o other_o which_o make_v up_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o that_o species_n annex_v we_o give_v the_o name_n to_o some_o quality_n or_o idea_n which_o be_v the_o most_o observable_a and_o we_o take_v to_o be_v the_o most_o distinguish_a idea_n of_o that_o species_n these_o lead_v or_o characteristical_a as_o i_o may_v so_o call_v they_o idea_n in_o the_o sort_n of_o animal_n and_o vegetable_n be_v as_o have_v be_v before_o remark_v most_o figure_n and_o in_o inanimate_a body_n colour_n and_o in_o some_o both_o together_o now_o §_o 20._o these_o lead_v sensible_a quality_n be_v those_o which_o make_v the_o chief_a ingredient_n of_o our_o specific_a idea_n and_o consequent_o the_o best_a definition_n of_o our_o specific_a name_n as_o attribute_v to_o sort_n of_o substance_n come_v under_o our_o knowledge_n for_o though_o the_o sound_a man_n in_o its_o own_o nature_n be_v as_o apt_a to_o signify_v a_o complex_fw-la idea_n make_v up_o of_o animality_n and_o rationality_n unite_v in_o the_o same_o subject_a as_o to_o signify_v any_o other_o combination_n yet_o use_v as_o a_o mark_n to_o stand_v for_o a_o sort_n of_o creature_n we_o count_v of_o our_o own_o kind_n perhaps_o the_o outward_a shape_n be_v as_o necessary_a to_o be_v take_v into_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n signify_v by_o the_o word_n man_n as_o any_o other_o we_o find_v in_o it_o and_o therefore_o why_o plato_n animal_n implume_v bipe_n latis_fw-la unguibus_fw-la shall_v not_o be_v as_o good_a a_o definition_n of_o the_o name_n man_n stand_v for_o that_o sort_n of_o creature_n will_v not_o be_v easy_a to_o show_v for_o it_o be_v the_o shape_n as_o the_o lead_a quality_n that_o seem_v more_o to_o determine_v that_o species_n than_o a_o faculty_n of_o reason_v which_o appear_v not_o at_o first_o and_o in_o some_o never_o and_o if_o this_o be_v not_o allow_v to_o be_v so_o i_o do_v not_o know_v how_o they_o can_v be_v excuse_v from_o murder_n who_o kill_v monstrous_a birth_n as_o we_o call_v they_o because_o of_o a_o unordinary_a shape_n without_o know_v whether_o they_o have_v a_o rational_a soul_n or_o no_o which_o can_v be_v no_o more_o discern_v in_o a_o well-formed_a than_o ill-shaped_a infant_n as_o soon_o as_o bear_v and_o who_o be_v it_o have_v inform_v we_o that_o a_o rational_a soul_n can_v inhabit_v no_o tenement_n unless_o it_o have_v just_a such_o a_o sort_n of_o frontispiece_n or_o can_v join_v itself_o to_o and_o inform_v no_o sort_n of_o body_n but_o one_o that_o be_v just_a of_o such_o a_o outward_a structure_n §_o 21._o now_o these_o lead_a quality_n be_v best_a make_v know_v by_o show_v and_o can_v hardly_o be_v make_v know_v otherwise_o for_o the_o shape_n of_o a_o horse_n or_o cassuary_n will_v be_v but_o rude_o and_o imperfect_o imprint_v on_o the_o mind_n by_o word_n the_o sight_n of_o the_o animal_n do_v it_o a_o thousand_o time_n better_a and_o the_o idea_n of_o the_o particular_a colour_n of_o gold_n be_v not_o to_o be_v get_v by_o any_o description_n of_o it_o but_o only_o by_o the_o frequent_a exercise_n of_o the_o eye_n about_o it_o as_o be_v evident_a in_o those_o who_o be_v use_v to_o this_o metal_n who_o will_v frequent_o distinguish_v true_a from_o counterfeit_n pure_a from_o adulterate_a by_o the_o sight_n where_o other_o who_o have_v as_o good_a eye_n but_o yet_o by_o use_n have_v not_o get_v the_o precise_a nice_a idea_n of_o that_o peculiar_a yellow_n shall_v not_o perceive_v any_o difference_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o those_o other_o simple_a idea_n peculiar_a in_o their_o kind_n to_o any_o substance_n for_o which_o precise_a idea_n there_o be_v no_o peculiar_a name_n the_o particular_a ring_a sound_n there_o be_v in_o gold_n distinct_a from_o the_o sound_n of_o other_o body_n have_v no_o particular_a name_n annex_v to_o it_o no_o more_o than_o the_o particular_a yellow_n that_o belong_v to_o that_o metal_n §_o 22._o but_o because_o many_o of_o the_o simple_a idea_n that_o make_v up_o our_o specific_a idea_n of_o substance_n be_v power_n which_o lie_v not_o obvious_a to_o our_o sense_n in_o the_o thing_n as_o they_o ordinary_o appear_v therefore_o in_o the_o signification_n of_o our_o name_n of_o substance_n some_o part_n of_o the_o signification_n will_v be_v better_a make_v know_v by_o enumerate_v those_o simple_a idea_n than_o in_o show_v the_o substance_n itself_o for_o he_o that_o to_o the_o yellow_a shine_a colour_n of_o gold_n get_v by_o sight_n shall_v from_o my_o enumerate_v they_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o great_a ductility_n fusibility_n fixedness_n and_o solubility_n in_o aq._n regia_n will_v have_v a_o perfect_a idea_n of_o gold_n than_o he_o can_v have_v by_o see_v a_o piece_n of_o gold_n and_o thereby_o imprint_v in_o his_o mind_n only_o its_o obvious_a quality_n but_o if_o the_o formal_a constitution_n of_o this_o shine_a heavy_a ductil_a thing_n from_o whence_o all_o these_o its_o property_n flow_v lay_v open_a to_o our_o sense_n as_o the_o formal_a constitution_n or_o essence_n of_o a_o triangle_n do_v the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n gold_n may_v as_o easy_o be_v ascertain_v as_o that_o of_o triangle_n §_o 23._o hence_o we_o may_v take_v notice_n how_o much_o the_o foundation_n of_o all_o our_o knowledge_n of_o corporeal_a thing_n lie_v in_o our_o sense_n for_o how_o spirit_n separate_z from_o body_n who_o knowledge_n and_o idea_n of_o these_o thing_n be_v certain_o much_o more_o perfect_a than_o we_o know_v they_o we_o have_v no_o notion_n no_o idea_n at_o all_o the_o whole_a extent_n of_o our_o knowledge_n or_o imagination_n reach_v not_o beyond_o our_o own_o idea_n limit_v to_o our_o way_n of_o perception_n though_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v that_o spirit_n of_o a_o high_a rank_n than_o those_o immerse_v in_o flesh_n may_v have_v as_o clear_a idea_n of_o the_o radical_a constitution_n of_o substance_n as_o we_o have_v of_o a_o triangle_n and_o so_o perceive_v how_o all_o their_o property_n and_o operation_n flow_v from_o thence_o but_o the_o manner_n how_o they_o come_v by_o that_o knowledge_n exceed_v our_o conception_n §_o 24._o but_o though_o definition_n will_v serve_v to_o explain_v the_o name_n of_o substance_n as_o they_o stand_v for_o our_o idea_n yet_o they_o leave_v they_o not_o without_o great_a imperfection_n as_o they_o stand_v for_o thing_n for_o our_o name_n of_o substance_n be_v not_o put_v bare_o for_o our_o idea_n but_o be_v make_v use_n of_o ultimate_o to_o represent_v thing_n and_o so_o be_v put_v in_o their_o place_n their_o signification_n must_v agree_v with_o the_o truth_n of_o thing_n as_o well_o as_o with_o man_n idea_n and_o therefore_o in_o substance_n we_o be_v not_o always_o to_o rest_v in_o the_o ordinary_a complex_fw-la idea_n common_o receive_v as_o the_o signification_n of_o that_o word_n but_o to_o go_v a_o little_a far_o and_o inquire_v into_o the_o nature_n and_o property_n of_o the_o thing_n themselves_o and_o thereby_o perfect_a as_o much_o as_o we_o can_v our_o idea_n of_o their_o distinct_a species_n or_o else_o learn_v they_o from_o such_o as_o be_v use_v to_o that_o sort_n of_o thing_n and_o be_v experience_v in_o they_o for_o since_o it_o be_v intend_v their_o name_n shall_v stand_v for_o such_o collection_n of_o simple_a idea_n as_o do_v real_o exist_v in_o thing_n themselves_o as_o well_o as_o for_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n in_o other_o man_n mind_n which_o in_o their_o ordinary_a acceptation_n they_o
and_o operation_n one_o upon_o another_o that_o perhaps_o thing_n in_o this_o our_o mansion_n will_v put_v on_o quite_o another_o face_n and_o cease_v to_o be_v what_o they_o be_v if_o some_o one_o of_o the_o star_n or_o great_a body_n incomprehensible_o remote_a from_o we_o shall_v cease_v to_o be_v or_o move_v as_o it_o do_v this_o be_v certain_a thing_n however_o absolute_a and_o entire_a they_o seem_v in_o themselves_o be_v but_o retainer_n to_o other_o part_n of_o nature_n for_o that_o which_o they_o be_v most_o take_v notice_n of_o by_o we_o their_o observable_a quality_n action_n and_o power_n be_v owe_v to_o something_o without_o they_o and_o there_o be_v not_o so_o complete_a and_o perfect_a a_o part_n that_o we_o know_v of_o nature_n which_o do_v not_o owe_v the_o be_v it_o have_v and_o the_o excellency_n of_o it_o to_o its_o neighbour_n and_o we_o must_v look_v a_o great_a deal_n far_o than_o the_o surface_n of_o any_o body_n to_o comprehend_v perfect_o those_o quality_n that_o be_v in_o it_o §_o 12._o if_o this_o be_v so_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v wonder_v that_o we_o have_v very_o imperfect_a idea_n of_o substance_n and_o that_o the_o real_a essence_n on_o which_o depend_v their_o property_n and_o operation_n be_v unknown_a to_o we_o we_o can_v discover_v so_o much_o as_o the_o size_n figure_n and_o texture_n of_o their_o minute_n and_o active_a part_n which_o be_v real_o in_o they_o much_o less_o the_o different_a motion_n and_o impulse_n make_v in_o and_o upon_o they_o by_o body_n from_o without_o and_o the_o effect_n of_o they_o upon_o which_o depend_v and_o by_o which_o be_v form_v the_o great_a and_o most_o remarkable_a part_n of_o those_o quality_n we_o observe_v in_o they_o and_o of_o which_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o they_o be_v make_v up_o this_o consideration_n alone_o may_v set_v we_o at_o rest_n as_o to_o all_o hope_n of_o our_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o their_o real_a essence_n which_o whilst_o we_o want_v the_o nominal_a essence_n we_o make_v use_v of_o instead_o of_o they_o will_v be_v able_a to_o furnish_v we_o but_o very_o spare_o with_o any_o general_a knowledge_n or_o universal_a proposition_n capable_a of_o real_a certainty_n §_o 13._o we_o be_v not_o therefore_o to_o wonder_v if_o certainty_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o very_a few_o general_a proposition_n make_v concern_v substance_n our_o knowledge_n of_o their_o quality_n and_o property_n go_v very_o seldom_o far_o than_o our_o sense_n reach_v and_o inform_v we_o possible_o inquisitive_a and_o observe_a man_n may_v by_o strength_n of_o judgement_n penetrate_v far_o and_o on_o probability_n take_v from_o wary_a observation_n and_o hint_n well_o lay_v together_o often_o guess_v right_a at_o what_o experience_n have_v not_o yet_o discover_v to_o they_o but_o this_o be_v but_o guess_v still_o it_o amount_v only_o to_o opinion_n and_o have_v not_o that_o certainty_n which_o be_v requisite_a to_o knowledge_n for_o all_o general_a knowledge_n lie_v only_o in_o our_o own_o thought_n and_o consist_v bare_o in_o the_o contemplation_n of_o our_o own_o abstract_n idea_n wherever_o we_o perceive_v any_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n among_o they_o there_o we_o have_v general_a knowledge_n and_o by_o put_v the_o name_n of_o those_o idea_n together_o according_o in_o proposition_n can_v with_o certainty_n pronounce_v general_a truth_n but_o because_o the_o abstract_n idea_n of_o substance_n for_o which_o their_o specific_a name_n stand_v whenever_o they_o have_v any_o distinct_a and_o determinate_a signification_n have_v a_o discoverable_a connexion_n or_o inconsistency_n with_o a_o very_a few_o other_o idea_n the_o certainty_n of_o universal_a proposition_n concern_v substance_n be_v very_o narrow_a and_o scanty_a in_o that_o part_n which_o be_v our_o principal_a enquiry_n concern_v they_o and_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o of_o the_o name_n of_o substance_n let_v the_o idea_n it_o be_v apply_v to_o be_v what_o it_o will_v of_o which_o we_o can_v general_o and_o with_o certainty_n pronounce_v that_o it_o have_v or_o have_v not_o this_o or_o that_o other_o quality_n belong_v to_o it_o and_o constant_o co-existing_a or_o inconsistent_a with_o that_o idea_n wherever_o it_o be_v to_o be_v find_v §_o 14._o before_o we_o can_v have_v any_o tolerable_a knowledge_n of_o this_o kind_n we_o must_v first_o know_v what_o change_v the_o primary_n quality_n of_o one_o body_n do_v regular_o produce_v in_o the_o primary_n quality_n of_o another_o and_o how_o second_o we_o must_v know_v what_o primary_n quality_n of_o any_o body_n produce_v certain_a sensation_n or_o idea_n in_o we_o which_o in_o truth_n to_o know_v all_o the_o effect_n of_o matter_n under_o its_o divers_a modification_n of_o bulk_n figure_n cohesion_n of_o part_n motion_n and_o rest_v which_o be_v i_o think_v every_o body_n will_v allow_v be_v utter_o impossible_a to_o be_v know_v by_o we_o without_o revelation_n nor_o if_o it_o be_v reveal_v to_o we_o what_o sort_n of_o figure_n bulk_n and_o motion_n of_o corpuscle_n will_v produce_v in_o we_o the_o sensation_n of_o a_o yellow_a colour_n and_o what_o sort_n of_o figure_n bulk_n and_o texture_n of_o part_n in_o the_o superficies_n of_o any_o body_n be_v fit_a to_o give_v such_o corpuscle_n their_o due_a motion_n to_o produce_v that_o colour_n will_v that_o be_v enough_o to_o make_v universal_a proposition_n with_o certainty_n concern_v the_o several_a sort_n of_o they_o unless_o we_o have_v faculty_n acute_a enough_o to_o perceive_v the_o bulk_n figure_n texture_n and_o motion_n of_o body_n in_o those_o minute_n part_v by_o which_o they_o operate_v on_o our_o sense_n and_o so_o can_v by_o those_o frame_n our_o abstract_n idea_n of_o they_o i_o have_v mention_v here_o only_o corporeal_a substance_n who_o operation_n seem_v to_o lie_v more_o level_a to_o our_o understanding_n for_o as_o to_o the_o operation_n of_o spirit_n both_o their_o think_n and_o move_v of_o body_n we_o at_o first_o sight_n find_v ourselves_o at_o a_o loss_n though_o perhaps_o when_o we_o have_v apply_v our_o thought_n a_o little_a near_o to_o the_o consideration_n of_o body_n and_o their_o operation_n and_o examine_v how_o far_o our_o notion_n even_o in_o these_o reach_v with_o any_o clearness_n beyond_o sensible_a matter_n of_o fact_n we_o shall_v be_v bind_v to_o confess_v that_o even_o in_o these_o too_o our_o discovery_n amount_v to_o very_o little_a beyond_o perfect_a ignorance_n and_o incapacity_n §_o 15._o this_o be_v evident_a the_o abstract_n complex_fw-la idea_n of_o substance_n for_o which_o their_o general_a name_n stand_v not_o comprehend_v their_o real_a constitution_n can_v afford_v we_o but_o very_o little_a universal_a certainty_n they_o not_o be_v that_o on_o which_o those_o quality_n we_o observe_v in_o they_o and_o will_v inform_v ourselves_o about_o do_v depend_v or_o with_o which_o they_o have_v any_o certain_a connexion_n v_o g._n let_v the_o idea_n to_o which_o we_o give_v the_o name_n man_n be_v as_o it_o common_o be_v a_o body_n of_o the_o ordinary_a shape_n with_o sense_n voluntary_a motion_n and_o reason_n join_v to_o it_o this_o be_v the_o abstract_n idea_n and_o consequent_o the_o essence_n of_o our_o species_n man_n we_o can_v make_v but_o very_o few_o general_a certain_a proposition_n concern_v man_n stand_v for_o such_o a_o idea_n because_o not_o know_v the_o real_a constitution_n on_o which_o sensation_n power_n of_o motion_n and_o reason_v with_o that_o peculiar_a shape_n depend_v and_o whereby_o they_o be_v unite_v together_o in_o the_o same_o subject_a there_o be_v very_o few_o other_o quality_n with_o which_o we_o can_v perceive_v they_o to_o have_v a_o necessary_a connexion_n and_o therefore_o we_o can_v with_o certainty_n affirm_v that_o all_o man_n sleep_v by_o interval_n that_o no_o man_n can_v be_v nourish_v by_o wood_n or_o stone_n that_o all_o man_n will_v be_v poison_v by_o hemlock_n because_o these_o idea_n have_v no_o connexion_n nor_o repugnancy_n with_o this_o our_o nominal_a essence_n of_o man_n with_o this_o abstract_n idea_n that_o name_n stand_v for_o we_o must_v in_o these_o and_o the_o like_a appeal_n to_o trial_n in_o particular_a subject_n which_o can_v reach_v but_o a_o little_a way_n we_o must_v content_v ourselves_o with_o probability_n in_o the_o rest_n but_o can_v have_v no_o general_a certainty_n whilst_o our_o specific_a idea_n of_o man_n contain_v not_o that_o real_a constitution_n which_o be_v the_o root_n wherein_o all_o his_o inseparable_a quality_n be_v unite_v and_o from_o whence_o they_o flow_v whilst_o our_o idea_n the_o word_n man_n stand_v for_o be_v only_o a_o imperfect_a collection_n of_o some_o sensible_a quality_n and_o power_n in_o he_o there_o be_v no_o discernible_a connexion_n or_o repugnance_n between_o our_o specific_a idea_n and_o the_o operation_n of_o either_o the_o part_n of_o hemlock_n or_o stone_n upon_o his_o constitution_n there_o be_v animal_n
be_v a_o amble_a horse_n or_o a_o neigh_a amble_a animal_n both_o be_v only_o about_o the_o signification_n of_o word_n and_o make_v i_o know_v but_o this_o that_o body_n sense_n and_o motion_n or_o power_n of_o sensation_n and_o move_a be_v three_o of_o those_o simple_a idea_n that_o i_o always_o comprehend_v and_o signify_v by_o the_o word_n man_n and_o where_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v together_o the_o name_n man_n belong_v not_o to_o that_o thing_n and_o so_o of_o the_o other_o that_o body_n sense_n and_o motion_n and_o a_o certain_a way_n of_o go_v with_o a_o certain_a kind_n of_o voice_n be_v some_o of_o those_o simple_a idea_n which_o i_o always_o comprehend_v and_o signify_v by_o the_o word_n palfry_n and_o when_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v together_o the_o name_n palfry_n belong_v not_o to_o that_o thing_n it_o be_v just_a the_o same_o and_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n when_o any_o term_n stand_v for_o any_o one_o or_o more_o of_o the_o simple_a idea_n that_o altogether_o make_v up_o that_o complex_fw-la idea_n which_o be_v call_v a_o man_n be_v affirm_v of_o the_o term_n man_n v_o g._n suppose_v a_o roman_a signify_v by_o the_o word_n homo_fw-la all_o these_o distinct_a idea_n unite_v in_o one_o subject_n corporeitas_fw-la sensibilitas_fw-la potentia_fw-la se_fw-la movendi_fw-la rationalitas_fw-la risibilitas_fw-la he_o may_v no_o doubt_n with_o great_a certainty_n universal_o affirm_v one_o more_o or_o all_o of_o these_o together_o of_o the_o word_n homo_fw-la but_o do_v no_o more_o than_o say_v that_o the_o word_n homo_fw-la in_o his_o country_n comprehend_v in_o its_o signification_n all_o these_o idea_n much_o like_o a_o romance_n knight_n who_o by_o the_o word_n palfry_n signify_v these_o idea_n body_n of_o a_o certain_a figure_n four-legged_a with_o sense_n motion_n amble_a neigh_a white_a use_v to_o have_v a_o woman_n on_o his_o back_n might_n with_o the_o same_o certainty_n universal_o affirm_v also_o any_o or_o all_o of_o these_o of_o the_o word_n palfry_n but_o do_v thereby_o teach_v no_o more_o but_o that_o the_o word_n palfry_n in_o his_o or_o romance-language_n stand_v for_o all_o these_o and_o be_v not_o to_o be_v apply_v to_o any_o thing_n where_o any_o of_o theâ—e_n be_v want_v but_o he_o that_o shall_v tell_v i_o that_o in_o whatever_o thing_n sense_n motion_n reason_n and_o laughter_n be_v unite_v that_o thing_n have_v actual_o a_o notion_n of_o god_n or_o will_v be_v cast_v into_o a_o sleep_n by_o opium_n make_v indeed_o a_o instructive_a proposition_n because_o neither_o have_v the_o notion_n of_o god_n nor_o be_v cast_v into_o sleep_n by_o opium_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o idea_n signify_v by_o the_o word_n man_n we_o be_v by_o such_o proposition_n teach_v something_o more_o than_o bare_o what_o the_o word_n man_n stand_v for_o and_o therefore_o the_o knowledge_n contain_v in_o it_o be_v more_o than_o verbal_a §_o 7._o before_o a_o man_n make_v any_o proposition_n he_o be_v suppose_v to_o understand_v the_o term_n he_o use_v in_o it_o or_o else_o he_o talk_v like_o a_o parrot_n only_o make_v a_o noise_n by_o imitation_n and_o frame_v certain_a sound_v he_o have_v learn_v of_o other_o but_o not_o as_o a_o rational_a creature_n use_v they_o for_o sign_n of_o idea_n he_o have_v in_o his_o mind_n the_o hearer_n also_o be_v suppose_v to_o understand_v the_o term_n as_o the_o speaker_n use_v they_o or_o else_o he_o talk_v jargon_v and_o make_v a_o untelligible_a noise_n and_o therefore_o he_o triâ—les_v with_o word_n who_o make_v such_o a_o proposition_n which_o when_o it_o be_v make_v contain_v no_o more_o than_o one_o of_o the_o term_n do_v and_o which_o a_o man_n be_v suppose_v to_o know_v before_o v_o g._n a_o triangle_n have_v three_o side_n or_o saffron_n be_v yellow_a and_o this_o be_v no_o far_o tolerable_a than_o where_o a_o man_n go_v to_o explain_v his_o term_n to_o one_o who_o be_v suppose_v or_o declare_v himself_o not_o to_o understand_v he_o and_o then_o it_o teach_v only_o the_o signification_n of_o that_o word_n and_o the_o use_n of_o that_o sign_n §_o 8._o we_o can_v know_v then_o the_o truth_n of_o two_o sort_n of_o proposition_n with_o perfect_a certainty_n the_o one_o be_v of_o those_o trifle_a proposition_n which_o have_v a_o certainty_n in_o they_o but_o it_o be_v but_o a_o verbal_a certainty_n but_o not_o instructive_a and_o second_o we_o can_v know_v the_o truth_n and_o so_o may_v be_v certain_a in_o proposition_n which_o affirm_v something_o of_o another_o which_o be_v a_o necessary_a consequence_n of_o its_o precise_a complex_fw-la idea_n but_o not_o contain_v in_o it_o as_o that_o the_o external_a angle_n of_o all_o triangle_n be_v big_a than_o either_o of_o the_o opposite_a internal_a angle_n which_o relation_n of_o the_o cutward_a angle_n to_o either_o of_o the_o opposite_a internal_a angle_n make_v no_o part_n of_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n signify_v by_o the_o name_n triangle_n this_o be_v a_o real_a truth_n and_o convey_v with_o it_o instructive_a real_a knowledge_n §_o 9_o we_o have_v no_o knowledge_n of_o what_o combination_n there_o be_v of_o simple_a idea_n exist_v together_o in_o substance_n but_o by_o our_o sense_n we_o can_v make_v any_o universal_a certain_a proposition_n concern_v they_o any_o far_a than_o our_o nominal_a essence_n lead_v we_o which_o be_v to_o a_o very_a few_o and_o inconsiderable_a truth_n in_o respect_n of_o those_o which_o depend_v on_o their_o real_a constitution_n the_o general_a proposition_n that_o be_v make_v about_o substance_n if_o they_o be_v certain_a be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n but_o trifle_v and_o if_o they_o be_v instructive_a be_v uncertain_a and_o such_o as_o we_o can_v have_v no_o knowledge_n of_o their_o real_a truth_n how_o much_o soever_o constant_a observation_n and_o analogy_n may_v assist_v our_o judgement_n in_o guess_v hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o one_o may_v often_o meet_v with_o very_o clear_a and_o coherent_a discourse_n that_o amount_v yet_o to_o nothing_o for_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o name_n of_o substantial_a being_n as_o well_o as_o other_o have_v constant_a and_o settle_a signification_n affix_v to_o they_o may_v with_o great_a truth_n be_v join_v negative_o and_o affirmative_o in_o proposition_n as_o their_o definition_n make_v they_o fit_a to_o be_v so_o join_v and_o proposition_n consist_v of_o such_o termsâ—_n may_v with_o the_o same_o clearness_n be_v deduce_v one_o from_o another_o as_o those_o that_o convey_v the_o most_o real_a truth_n and_o all_o this_o without_o any_o knowledge_n of_o the_o nature_n or_o reality_n of_o thing_n exist_v without_o we_o by_o this_o method_n one_o may_v make_v demonstration_n and_o undoubted_a proposition_n in_o word_n and_o yet_o thereby_o advance_v not_o one_o jot_n in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o thing_n v_o g._n he_o that_o have_v learn_v these_o follow_a word_n with_o their_o ordinary_a acceptation_n annex_v to_o they_o v_o g._n substance_n man_n animal_n form_n soul_n vegetative_a sensitive_a rational_a may_v make_v several_a undoubted_a proposition_n about_o the_o soul_n without_o know_v at_o all_o what_o the_o soul_n real_o be_v and_o of_o this_o sort_n a_o man_n may_v find_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o proposition_n reason_n and_o conclusion_n in_o book_n of_o metaphysic_n school-divinity_n and_o some_o sort_n of_o natural_a philosophy_n and_o after_o all_o know_v as_o little_a of_o god_n spirit_n or_o body_n as_o he_o do_v before_o he_o set_v out_o §_o 10._o he_o that_o have_v liberty_n to_o define_v i._n e._n determine_v the_o signification_n of_o his_o name_n of_o substance_n as_o certain_o every_o one_o do_v in_o effect_n who_o make_v they_o stand_v for_o his_o own_o idea_n and_o make_v their_o signification_n at_o a_o venture_n take_v they_o from_o his_o own_o or_o other_o man_n fancy_n and_o not_o from_o a_o examination_n and_o enquiry_n into_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n themselves_o may_z with_o little_a trouble_n demonstrate_v they_o one_o of_o another_o wherein_o however_o thing_n agree_v or_o disagree_v in_o their_o own_o nature_n he_o need_v mind_n nothing_o but_o his_o own_o notion_n with_o the_o name_n he_o have_v bestow_v upon_o they_o but_o thereby_o no_o more_o increase_v his_o own_o knowledge_n than_o he_o do_v his_o riches_n who_o take_v a_o bag_n of_o counter_n call_v one_o in_o a_o certain_a place_n a_o pound_n another_o in_o another_o place_n a_o shilling_n and_o a_o three_o in_o a_o three_o place_n a_o penny_n and_o so_o proceed_v may_v undoubted_o reckon_v right_a and_o cast_v up_o a_o great_a sum_n according_a to_o his_o counter_n so_o place_v and_o stand_v for_o more_o or_o less_o as_o he_o please_v without_o be_v one_o jot_n the_o rich_a or_o without_o even_o know_v how_o much_o a_o pound_n shilling_n or_o penny_n be_v but_o only_o that_o one_o be_v
world_n but_o perish_v quick_o the_o wholesomeness_n of_o his_o meat_n or_o drink_n will_v be_v scarce_o capable_a of_o certainty_n enough_o to_o give_v he_o reason_n to_o venture_v on_o it_o and_o i_o will_v fain_o know_v what_o it_o be_v he_o can_v do_v upon_o such_o ground_n as_o be_v capable_a of_o no_o doubt_n no_o objection_n §_o 11._o as_o when_o our_o sense_n be_v actual_o employ_v about_o any_o object_n we_o do_v know_v that_o it_o do_v exist_v so_o by_o our_o memory_n we_o may_v be_v assure_v that_o heretofore_o thing_n that_o affect_v our_o sense_n have_v exi_v and_o thus_o we_o have_v knowledge_n of_o the_o past_a existence_n of_o several_a thing_n whereof_o our_o sense_n have_v inform_v we_o our_o memory_n still_o retain_v the_o idea_n and_o of_o this_o we_o be_v pass_v all_o doubt_n so_o long_o as_o we_o remember_v well_o but_o this_o knowledge_n also_o reach_v no_o far_a than_o our_o sense_n have_v former_o assure_v we_o thus_o see_v water_n at_o this_o instant_n it_o be_v a_o unquestionable_a truth_n to_o i_o that_o water_n do_v exist_v and_o remember_v that_o i_o see_v it_o yesterday_o it_o will_v also_o be_v always_o true_a and_o as_o long_o as_o my_o memory_n retain_v it_o always_o a_o undoubted_a proposition_n to_o i_o that_o water_n do_v exist_v 10_o july_n 1688._o as_o it_o will_v also_o be_v equal_o true_a that_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o very_o fine_a colour_n do_v exist_v which_o at_o the_o same_o time_n i_o see_v upon_o a_o bubble_n of_o that_o water_n but_o be_v now_o quite_o out_o of_o the_o sight_n both_o of_o the_o water_n and_o bubble_n too_o it_o be_v no_o more_o certain_o know_v to_o i_o that_o the_o water_n do_v exist_v than_o that_o the_o bubble_n or_o colour_n therein_o it_o be_v no_o more_o necessary_a that_o water_n shall_v exist_v to_o day_n because_o it_o exist_v yesterday_o than_o that_o the_o colour_n or_o bubble_n exist_v to_o day_n because_o they_o exist_v yesterday_o though_o it_o be_v exceed_o much_o more_o probable_a because_o water_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o continue_v long_o in_o existence_n but_o bubble_n and_o the_o colour_n on_o they_o quick_o cease_v to_o be_v §_o 12._o what_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o spirit_n and_o how_o we_o come_v by_o they_o i_o have_v already_o show_v but_o though_o we_o have_v those_o idea_n in_o our_o mind_n and_o know_v we_o have_v they_o there_o the_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o spirit_n do_v not_o make_v we_o know_v that_o any_o such_o thing_n do_v exist_v without_o we_o or_o that_o there_o be_v any_o finite_a spirit_n or_o any_o other_o spiritual_a being_n but_o the_o eternal_a god._n we_o have_v ground_n from_o revelation_n and_o several_a other_o reason_n to_o believe_v with_o assurance_n that_o there_o be_v such_o creature_n but_o our_o sense_n not_o be_v able_a to_o discover_v they_o we_o want_v the_o mean_n of_o know_v their_o particular_a existence_n for_o we_o can_v no_o more_o know_v that_o there_o be_v finite_a spirit_n real_o exist_v by_o the_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o such_o being_n in_o our_o mind_n than_o by_o the_o idea_n any_o one_o have_v of_o fairy_n or_o centaur_n he_o can_v come_v to_o know_v that_o thing_n answer_v those_o idea_n do_v real_o exist_v and_o therefore_o concern_v the_o existence_n of_o finite_a spirit_n as_o well_o as_o several_a other_o thing_n we_o must_v content_v ourselves_o with_o the_o evidence_n of_o faith_n but_o universal_a certain_a proposition_n concern_v this_o matter_n be_v beyond_o our_o reach_n for_o however_o true_a it_o may_v be_v v_o g._n that_o all_o the_o intelligent_a spirit_n that_o god_n ever_o create_v do_v still_o exist_v yet_o it_o can_v never_o make_v a_o part_n of_o our_o certain_a knowledge_n these_o and_o the_o like_a proposition_n we_o may_v assent_v to_o as_o high_o probable_a but_o be_v not_o i_o fear_v in_o this_o sâ—ate_n capable_a of_o know_v we_o be_v not_o then_o to_o put_v other_o upon_o demonstrate_v nor_o ourselves_o upon_o search_n of_o universal_a certainty_n in_o all_o those_o matter_n wherein_o we_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o any_o other_o knowledge_n but_o what_o our_o sense_n give_v we_o in_o this_o or_o that_o particular_a §_o 13._o by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o proposition_n one_o concern_v the_o existence_n of_o any_o thing_n answerable_a to_o such_o a_o idea_n as_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o a_o elephant_n phoenix_n motion_n or_o a_o angel_n in_o my_o mind_n the_o first_o and_o natural_a enquiry_n be_v whether_o such_o a_o thing_n do_v any_o where_o exist_v and_o this_o knowledge_n be_v only_o of_o particular_n no_o existence_n of_o any_o thing_n without_o we_o but_o only_o of_o god_n can_v certain_o be_v know_v far_a than_o our_o sense_n inform_v we_o there_o be_v another_o fort_n of_o proposition_n wherein_o be_v express_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o our_o abstract_n idea_n and_o their_o dependence_n one_o on_o another_o and_o such_o proposition_n may_v be_v universal_a and_o certain_a so_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o god_n and_o myself_o of_o fear_n and_o obedience_n i_o can_v but_o be_v sure_a that_o god_n be_v to_o be_v fear_v and_o obey_v by_o i_o and_o this_o proposition_n will_v be_v certain_a concern_v man_n in_o general_n if_o i_o have_v make_v a_o abstract_n idea_n of_o such_o a_o species_n whereof_o i_o be_o one_o particular_a but_o yet_o this_o proposition_n how_o certain_a soever_o that_o man_n ought_v to_o fear_v and_o obey_v god_n prove_v not_o to_o i_o the_o existence_n of_o man_n in_o the_o world_n but_o will_v be_v true_a of_o all_o such_o creature_n whenever_o they_o do_v exist_v which_o certainty_n of_o such_o general_a proposition_n depend_v on_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n be_v to_o be_v discover_v in_o those_o abstract_n idea_n §_o 14._o in_o the_o former_a case_n our_o knowledge_n be_v the_o consequence_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o thing_n produce_v idea_n in_o our_o mind_n by_o our_o sensesâ—_n in_o the_o latter_a knowledge_n be_v the_o consequence_n of_o the_o idea_n that_o be_v in_o our_o mind_n whatsoever_o they_o be_v and_o produce_v general_a certain_a proposition_n many_o whereof_o be_v call_v aeterâ—ae_fw-la veritates_fw-la and_o be_v indeed_o so_o not_o from_o be_v write_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o all_o man_n or_o that_o they_o be_v before_o the_o world_n but_o wheresoever_o we_o can_v suppose_v such_o a_o creature_n as_o man_n be_v endow_v with_o such_o faculty_n and_o thereby_o furnish_v with_o such_o idea_n as_o we_o have_v we_o must_v conclude_v he_o must_v needs_o when_o he_o apply_v his_o thought_n to_o the_o consideration_n of_o his_o idea_n know_v the_o truth_n of_o certain_a proposition_n that_o will_v arise_v from_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n he_o will_v perceive_v among_o they_o for_o name_n be_v suppose_v to_o stand_v perpetual_o for_o the_o same_o idea_n and_o the_o same_o idea_n have_v immutable_o the_o same_o habitude_n one_o to_o another_o proposition_n concern_v any_o abstract_a idea_n that_o be_v onâ—e_o true_a must_v needs_o be_v eternal_a verity_n chap._n xii_o of_o the_o improvement_n of_o our_o knowledge_n §_o 1._o it_o have_v be_v the_o common_a receive_v opinion_n among_o man_n of_o letter_n that_o maxim_n be_v the_o foundation_n of_o all_o knowledge_n and_o that_o the_o science_n be_v each_o of_o they_o build_v upon_o certain_a praecognita_fw-la from_o whence_o the_o understanding_n be_v to_o take_v its_o rise_n and_o by_o which_o it_o be_v to_o conduct_v itself_o in_o its_o inquiry_n into_o the_o matter_n belong_v to_o that_o science_n the_o beat_a road_n of_o the_o school_n have_v be_v to_o lay_v down_o in_o the_o beginning_n one_o or_o more_o general_a proposition_n as_o foundation_n whereon_o to_o build_v the_o knowledge_n be_v to_o be_v have_v of_o that_o subject_a these_o doctrine_n thus_o lay_v down_o for_o foundation_n of_o any_o science_n be_v call_v principle_n as_o the_o beginning_n from_o which_o we_o must_v set_v out_o and_o look_v no_o far_o backward_o in_o our_o inquiry_n but_o take_v these_o for_o certain_a and_o unquestionable_a truth_n and_o establish_v principle_n §_o 2._o that_o which_o give_v occasion_n to_o this_o way_n of_o proceed_v in_o other_o science_n be_v as_o i_o suppose_v the_o good_a success_n it_o seem_v to_o have_v in_o mathematics_n wherein_o man_n be_v observe_v to_o attain_v a_o great_a certainty_n of_o knowledge_n these_o science_n come_v by_o pre-eminence_n to_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d learning_n or_o thing_n learn_v thorough_o learn_v as_o have_v of_o all_o other_o the_o great_a certainty_n clearness_n and_o evidence_n in_o they_o §_o 3._o but_o if_o any_o one_o will_v consider_v he_o will_v i_o guess_v find_v that_o the_o great_a advancement_n and_o certainty_n of_o real_a
this_o part_n of_o the_o world_n where_o knowledge_n and_o plenty_n seem_v to_o vie_v each_o with_o other_o yet_o to_o any_o one_o that_o will_v serious_o reflect_v on_o it_o i_o suppose_v it_o will_v appear_v past_a doubt_n that_o be_v the_o use_n of_o iron_n lose_v among_o we_o we_o shall_v in_o a_o few_o age_n be_v unavoidable_o reduce_v to_o the_o want_v and_o ignorance_n of_o the_o ancient_a savage_a american_n who_o natural_a endowment_n and_o provision_n come_v no_o way_n short_a of_o those_o of_o the_o most_o flourish_a and_o polite_a notion_n so_o that_o he_o who_o first_o make_v know_v the_o use_n of_o that_o one_o contemptible_a mineral_n may_v be_v true_o style_v the_o father_n of_o art_n and_o author_n of_o plenty_n §_o 12._o i_o will_v not_o therefore_o be_v think_v to_o disesteem_n or_o dissuade_v the_o study_n of_o nature_n i_o ready_o agree_v the_o contemplation_n of_o his_o work_n give_v we_o occasion_n to_o admire_v revere_a and_o glorify_v their_o author_n and_o if_o right_o direct_v may_v be_v of_o great_a benefit_n to_o mankind_n than_o the_o monument_n of_o exemplary_a charity_n that_o have_v at_o so_o great_a charge_n be_v raise_v by_o the_o founder_n of_o hospital_n and_o almshouse_n he_o that_o first_o invent_v print_v discover_v the_o use_n of_o the_o compass_n or_o make_v public_a the_o virtue_n and_o right_a use_n of_o kin_n kina_n do_v more_o for_o the_o propagation_n of_o knowledge_n for_o the_o acquisition_n of_o conveniency_n of_o life_n and_o save_v more_o from_o the_o grave_a than_o those_o who_o build_v college_n work-house_n and_o hospital_n all_o that_o i_o will_v say_v be_v that_o we_o shall_v not_o be_v too_o forward_o possess_v with_o the_o opinion_n or_o expectation_n of_o knowledge_n where_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v have_v or_o by_o way_n that_o will_v not_o attain_v it_o that_o we_o shall_v not_o take_v doubtful_a system_n for_o complete_a science_n nor_o unintelligible_a notion_n for_o scientifical_a demonstration_n in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o body_n we_o must_v be_v content_a to_o glean_v what_o we_o can_v from_o particular_a experiment_n since_o we_o can_v from_o a_o discovery_n of_o their_o real_a essence_n grasp_v at_o a_o time_n whole_a sheaf_n and_o in_o bundle_n comprehend_v the_o nature_n and_o property_n of_o whole_a species_n together_o where_o our_o enquiry_n be_v concern_v coexistence_n or_o repugnancy_n to_o co-exist_a which_o by_o contemplation_n of_o our_o idea_n we_o can_v discover_v there_o experience_v observation_n and_o natural_a history_n must_v give_v we_o by_o our_o sense_n and_o by_o retail_n a_o insight_n into_o corporeal_a substance_n the_o knowledge_n of_o body_n we_o must_v get_v by_o our_o sense_n wary_o employ_v in_o take_v notice_n of_o their_o quality_n and_o operation_n on_o one_o another_o and_o what_o we_o hope_v to_o know_v of_o separate_a spirit_n in_o this_o world_n we_o must_v i_o think_v expect_v only_o from_o revelation_n he_o that_o shall_v consider_v how_o little_a general_a maxim_n precarious_a principle_n and_o hypothesis_n lay_v down_o at_o pleasure_n have_v promote_v true_a knowledge_n or_o help_v to_o satisfy_v the_o inquiry_n of_o rational_a man_n after_o real_a improvement_n how_o little_a i_o say_v the_o set_v out_o at_o the_o end_n have_v for_o many_o age_n together_o advance_a man_n progress_n towards_o the_o knowledge_n of_o natural_a philosophy_n will_v think_v we_o have_v reason_n to_o thank_v those_o man_n who_o in_o this_o latter_a age_n have_v take_v another_o course_n and_o have_v tread_v out_o to_o we_o though_o not_o a_o easy_a way_n to_o learned_a ignorance_n yet_o a_o sure_a way_n to_o profitable_a knowledge_n §_o 13._o not_o that_o we_o may_v not_o to_o explain_v any_o phoenomena_fw-la of_o nature_n make_v use_n of_o any_o probable_a hypothesis_n whatsoever_o hypothesis_n if_o they_o be_v well_o make_v be_v at_o least_o great_a help_n to_o the_o memory_n and_o often_o direct_v we_o to_o new_a discovery_n but_o my_o mean_v be_v that_o we_o shall_v not_o take_v up_o any_o one_o too_o hasty_o which_o the_o mind_n that_o will_v always_o penetrate_v into_o the_o cause_n of_o thing_n and_o have_v principle_n to_o rest_v on_o be_v very_o apt_a to_o do_v till_o we_o have_v very_o well_o examine_v particular_n and_o make_v several_a experiment_n in_o that_o thing_n we_o will_v explain_v by_o our_o hypothesis_n and_o see_v whether_o it_o will_v agree_v to_o they_o all_o whether_o our_o principle_n will_v carry_v we_o quite_o through_o and_o not_o be_v as_o inconsistent_a with_o one_o phaenomenon_n of_o nature_n as_o they_o seem_v to_o accommodate_v and_o explain_v another_o and_o at_o least_o that_o we_o take_v care_n that_o the_o name_n of_o principle_n deceive_v we_o not_o nor_o impose_v on_o we_o by_o make_v we_o receive_v that_o for_o a_o unquestionable_a truth_n which_o be_v real_o at_o best_a but_o a_o very_a doubtful_a conjecture_n such_o as_o be_v most_o i_o have_v almost_o say_v all_o of_o the_o hypothesis_n in_o natural_a philosophy_n §_o 14._o but_o whether_o natural_a philosophy_n be_v capable_a of_o certainty_n or_o no_o the_o way_n to_o enlarge_v our_o knowledge_n as_o far_o as_o we_o be_v capable_a seem_v to_o i_o in_o short_a to_o be_v these_o two_o first_o the_o first_o be_v to_o get_v and_o settle_v in_o our_o mind_n as_o far_o as_o we_o can_v clear_a distinct_a and_o constant_a idea_n of_o those_o thing_n we_o will_v consider_v and_o know_v for_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o our_o knowledge_n can_v exceed_v our_o idea_n where_o they_o be_v either_o imperfect_a or_o obscure_a we_o can_v expect_v to_o have_v certain_a and_o perfect_a knowledge_n second_o the_o other_o be_v the_o art_n of_o find_v out_o those_o intermediate_v idea_n which_o may_v show_v we_o the_o agreement_n or_o repugnancy_n of_o other_o idea_n which_o can_v be_v immediate_o compare_v §_o 15._o that_o these_o two_o and_o not_o the_o rely_v on_o maxim_n and_o draw_v consequence_n from_o some_o general_a proposition_n be_v the_o right_a method_n of_o improve_n our_o knowledge_n in_o other_o idea_n of_o modes_n the_o consideration_n of_o mathematical_a knowledge_n will_v easy_o inform_v we_o where_o first_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o he_o that_o have_v not_o a_o perfect_a and_o clear_a idea_n of_o those_o angles_n or_o figure_n of_o which_o he_o desire_v to_o know_v any_o thing_n be_v utter_o thereby_o uncapable_a of_o any_o knowledge_n about_o they_o suppose_v but_o a_o man_n not_o to_o have_v a_o perfect_a exact_a idea_n of_o a_o right_a angle_n a_o scalenum_n or_o trapezium_fw-la and_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o clear_a that_o he_o will_v in_o vain_a seek_v any_o demonstration_n about_o they_o and_o far_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o influence_n of_o those_o maxim_n which_o be_v take_v for_o principle_n in_o mathematics_n that_o have_v lead_v the_o master_n of_o that_o science_n into_o those_o wonderful_a discovery_n they_o have_v make_v let_v a_o man_n of_o good_a part_n know_v all_o the_o maxim_n general_o make_v use_n of_o in_o mathematics_n never_o so_o perfect_o and_o contemplate_v their_o extent_n and_o and_o consequence_n as_o much_o as_o he_o please_v he_o will_v by_o their_o assistence_n i_o suppose_v scarce_o ever_o come_v to_o know_v that_o the_o square_a of_o the_o hypotieneuson_n in_o a_o right_a angle_a triangle_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o square_n of_o the_o two_o other_o side_n the_o knowledge_n that_o the_o whole_a be_v equal_a to_o all_o its_o part_n and_o if_o you_o take_v equal_a from_o equal_a the_o remainder_n will_v be_v equal_a etc._n etc._n help_v he_o not_o i_o presume_v to_o this_o demonstration_n and_o a_o man_n may_v i_o think_v poor_a long_a enough_o on_o those_o axiom_n without_o ever_o see_v one_o jot_n the_o more_o of_o mathematical_a truth_n they_o have_v be_v discover_v by_o the_o thought_n otherways_o apply_v the_o mind_n have_v other_o object_n other_o view_v before_o it_o far_o different_a from_o those_o maxim_n when_o it_o first_o get_v the_o knowledge_n of_o such_o kind_n of_o truth_n in_o mathematics_n which_o man_n well_o enough_o acquaint_v with_o those_o receive_a axiom_n but_o ignorant_a of_o their_o method_n who_o first_o make_v these_o demonstration_n can_v never_o sufficient_o admire_v and_o who_o know_v what_o method_n may_v hereafter_o be_v find_v out_o to_o enlarge_v our_o knowledge_n in_o other_o thing_n as_o well_o as_o that_o of_o algebra_n in_o mathematics_n which_o so_o ready_o find_v out_o idea_n of_o quantity_n to_o measure_v other_o by_o who_o equality_n or_o proportion_n we_o can_v otherwise_o very_o hardly_o or_o perhaps_o never_o come_v to_o know_v chap._n xiii_o some_o far_a consideration_n concern_v our_o knowledge_n §_o 1._o our_o knowledge_n as_o in_o other_o thing_n so_o in_o this_o have_v a_o great_a conformity_n with_o our_o sight_n that_o it_o be_v neither_o whole_o necessary_a nor_o
this_o case_n our_o assent_n have_v a_o sufficient_a foundation_n to_o raise_v itself_o to_o a_o degree_n which_o we_o may_v call_v confidence_n §_o 8._o three_o in_o matter_n that_o happen_v indifferent_o as_o that_o a_o bird_n shall_v fly_v this_o or_o that_o way_n that_o it_o shall_v thunder_v on_o a_o man_n right_a or_o left_a hand_n etc._n etc._n when_o any_o particular_a matter_n of_o fact_n come_v attest_v by_o the_o concurrent_a testimony_n of_o unsuspected_a witness_n there_o our_o assent_n be_v also_o unavoidable_a thus_o that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o city_n in_o italy_n as_o rome_n that_o about_o 1700_o year_n ago_o there_o live_v in_o it_o a_o man_n call_v julius_n caesar_n that_o he_o be_v a_o general_n and_o that_o he_o win_v a_o battle_n again_o another_o call_v pompey_n this_o though_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n there_o be_v nothing_o for_o nor_o against_o it_o yet_o be_v relate_v by_o historian_n of_o credit_n and_o contradict_v by_o no_o one_o writer_n a_o man_n can_v avoid_v believe_v it_o and_o can_v as_o little_a doubt_n of_o it_o as_o he_o do_v of_o the_o be_v and_o action_n of_o his_o own_o acquaintance_n whereof_o he_o himself_o be_v a_o witness_n §_o 9_o thus_o far_o the_o matter_n go_v easy_a enough_o probability_n upon_o such_o ground_n carry_v so_o much_o evidence_n with_o it_o that_o it_o natural_o determine_v the_o judgement_n and_o leave_v we_o as_o little_a at_o liberty_n to_o believe_v or_o disbelieve_v as_o a_o demonstration_n do_v whether_o we_o will_v know_v or_o be_v ignorant_a the_o difficulty_n be_v when_o testimony_n contradict_v common_a experience_n and_o the_o report_n of_o history_n and_o witness_n clash_n with_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o nature_n or_o with_o one_o another_o there_o it_o be_v where_o diligence_n attention_n and_o exactness_n be_v require_v to_o form_v a_o right_a judgement_n and_o to_o proportion_v the_o assent_n to_o the_o different_a evidence_n and_o probability_n of_o the_o thing_n which_o rise_v and_o fall_v according_a as_o those_o two_o foundation_n of_o credibility_n viz._n common_a observation_n in_o like_a case_n and_o particular_a testimony_n in_o that_o particular_a instance_n favour_n or_o contradict_v it_o these_o be_v liable_a to_o so_o great_a variety_n of_o contrary_a observation_n circumstance_n report_n different_a qualification_n temper_n design_n oversight_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o reporter_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o reduce_v to_o precise_a rule_n the_o various_a degree_n wherein_o man_n give_v their_o assent_n this_o only_o may_v be_v say_v in_o general_a that_o as_o the_o argument_n and_o proof_n pro_fw-la and_o con_v upon_o due_a examination_n nice_o weigh_v every_o particular_a circumstance_n shall_v to_o any_o one_o appear_v upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n in_o a_o great_a or_o less_o degree_n to_o preponderate_v on_o either_o side_n so_o they_o be_v fit_v to_o produce_v in_o the_o mind_n such_o different_a entertainment_n as_o we_o call_v belief_n conjecture_n guess_v doubt_v waver_a distrust_n disbelief_n etc._n etc._n §_o 10._o this_o be_v what_o concern_v assent_n in_o matter_n wherein_o testimony_n be_v make_v use_n of_o concern_v which_o i_o think_v it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o a_o rule_n observe_v in_o the_o law_n of_o england_n which_o be_v that_o though_o the_o attest_v copy_n of_o a_o record_n be_v good_a proof_n yet_o the_o copy_n of_o a_o copy_n never_o so_o well_o attest_v and_o by_o never_o so_o credible_a witness_n will_v not_o be_v admit_v as_o a_o proof_n in_o judicature_n this_o be_v so_o general_o approve_v as_o reasonable_a and_o suit_v to_o the_o wisdom_n and_o caution_n to_o be_v use_v in_o our_o enquiry_n after_o material_a truth_n that_o i_o never_o yet_o hear_v of_o any_o one_o that_o blame_v it_o this_o practice_n if_o it_o be_v allowable_a in_o the_o decision_n of_o right_n and_o wrong_n carry_v this_o observation_n along_o with_o it_o viz._n that_o any_o testimony_n the_o far_a off_o it_o be_v from_o the_o original_a truth_n the_o less_o force_n and_o proof_n it_o have_v the_o be_v and_o existence_n of_o the_o thing_n itself_o be_v what_o i_o call_v the_o original_a truth_n a_o credible_a man_n vouch_v his_o knowledge_n of_o it_o be_v a_o good_a proof_n but_o if_o another_o equal_o credible_a do_v witness_v it_o from_o his_o report_n the_o testimony_n be_v weak_a and_o a_o three_o that_o atte_v the_o hearsay_n of_o a_o hearsay_n be_v yet_o less_o considerable_a so_o that_o in_o traditional_a truth_n each_o remove_n weaken_v the_o force_n of_o the_o proof_n and_o the_o more_o hand_n the_o tradition_n have_v successive_o pass_v through_o the_o less_o strength_n and_o evidence_n do_v it_o receive_v from_o they_o this_o i_o think_v necessary_a to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o because_o i_o find_v among_o some_o man_n the_o quite_o contrary_a common_o practise_v who_o look_v on_o opinion_n to_o gain_v force_n by_o grow_v old_a and_o what_o a_o thousand_o year_n since_o will_v not_o to_o a_o rational_a man_n contemporary_a with_o the_o first_o voucher_n have_v appear_v at_o all_o probable_a be_v now_o urge_v as_o certain_a beyond_o all_o question_n only_o because_o several_a have_v since_o from_o he_o say_v it_o one_o after_o another_o upon_o this_o ground_n proposition_n evident_o false_a or_o doubtful_a enough_o in_o their_o first_o beginning_n come_v by_o a_o invert_v rule_n of_o probability_n to_o pass_v for_o authentic_a truth_n and_o those_o which_o find_v or_o deserve_v little_a credit_n from_o the_o mouth_n of_o their_o first_o author_n be_v think_v to_o grow_v venerable_a by_o age_n and_o be_v urge_v as_o undeniable_a §_o 11._o i_o will_v not_o be_v think_v here_o to_o lessen_v the_o credit_n and_o use_v of_o history_n it_o be_v all_o the_o light_n we_o have_v in_o many_o case_n and_o we_o receive_v from_o it_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o useful_a truth_n we_o have_v with_o a_o convince_a evidence_n i_o think_v nothing_o more_o valuable_a than_o the_o record_n of_o antiquity_n i_o wish_v we_o have_v more_o of_o they_o and_o more_o uncorrupted_a but_o this_o truth_n itself_o force_v i_o to_o say_v that_o no_o probability_n can_v arise_v high_a than_o its_o first_o original_a what_o have_v no_o other_o evidence_n than_o the_o single_a testimony_n of_o one_o only_a witness_n must_v stand_v or_o fall_v by_o his_o only_a testimony_n whether_o good_a bad_a or_o indifferent_a and_o though_o cite_v afterward_o by_o hundred_o of_o other_o one_o after_o another_o be_v so_o far_o from_o receive_v any_o strength_n thereby_o that_o it_o be_v only_o the_o weak_a passion_n interest_n inadvertency_n mistake_v of_o his_o mean_v and_o a_o thousand_o odd_a reason_n or_o capriccio_n man_n mind_n be_v act_v by_o impossible_a to_o be_v discover_v may_v make_v one_o man_n quote_v another_o man_n word_n or_o mean_v wrong_n he_o that_o have_v but_o ever_o so_o little_o examine_v the_o citation_n of_o writer_n can_v doubt_v how_o little_a credit_n the_o quotation_n deserve_v where_o the_o original_n be_v want_v and_o consequent_o how_o much_o less_o quotation_n of_o quotation_n can_v be_v rely_v on_o this_o be_v certain_a that_o what_o in_o one_o age_n be_v affirm_v upon_o slight_a ground_n can_v never_o after_o come_v to_o be_v more_o valid_a in_o future_a age_n by_o be_v often_o repeat_v but_o the_o far_o still_o it_o be_v from_o the_o original_a the_o less_o valid_a it_o be_v and_o have_v always_o less_o force_n in_o the_o mouth_n or_o write_v of_o he_o that_o last_o make_v use_v of_o it_o than_o in_o his_o from_o who_o he_o receive_v it_o §_o 12._o the_o probability_n we_o have_v hitherto_o mention_v be_v only_o such_o as_o concern_v matter_n of_o fact_n and_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v capable_a of_o observation_n and_o testimony_n there_o remain_v that_o other_o sort_n concern_v which_o man_n entertain_v opinion_n with_o variety_n of_o assent_n though_o the_o thing_n be_v such_o that_o fall_v not_o under_o the_o reach_n of_o our_o sense_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o testimony_n and_o such_o be_v 1._o the_o existence_n nature_n and_o operation_n of_o finite_a immaterial_a being_n without_o we_o as_o spirit_n angel_n devil_n etc._n etc._n or_o the_o existence_n of_o material_a being_n which_o either_o for_o their_o smallness_n in_o themselves_o or_o remoteness_n from_o we_o our_o sense_n can_v take_v notice_n of_o as_o whether_o there_o be_v any_o plant_n animal_n and_o intelligent_a inhabitant_n of_o the_o planet_n and_o other_o mansion_n of_o the_o vast_a universe_n 2._o concern_v the_o manner_n of_o operation_n in_o most_o part_n of_o the_o work_n of_o nature_n wherein_o though_o we_o see_v the_o sensible_a effect_n yet_o their_o cause_n be_v unknown_a and_o we_o perceive_v not_o the_o way_n and_o manner_n how_o they_o be_v produce_v we_o see_v animal_n be_v generate_v nourish_v and_o move_v the_o
sense_n be_v often_o reject_v when_o they_o offer_v to_o vouch_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o these_o establish_a rule_n how_o much_o the_o doctrine_n of_o innate_a principle_n and_o that_o principle_n be_v not_o to_o be_v prove_v or_o question_v have_v contribute_v to_o this_o i_o will_v not_o here_o examine_v this_o i_o ready_o grant_v that_o one_o truth_n can_v contradict_v another_o but_o withal_o i_o take_v leave_v also_o to_o say_v that_o every_o one_o ought_v very_o careful_o to_o beware_v what_o he_o admit_v for_o a_o principle_n to_o examine_v it_o strict_o and_o see_v whether_o he_o certain_o know_v it_o to_o be_v true_a of_o itself_o by_o its_o own_o evidence_n or_o whether_o he_o do_v only_o with_o assurance_n believe_v it_o to_o be_v so_o upon_o the_o authority_n of_o other_o for_o he_o have_v a_o strong_a bias_n put_v into_o his_o understanding_n which_o will_v unavoidable_o misguide_v his_o assent_n who_o have_v imbibe_v wrong_a principle_n and_o have_v blind_o give_v himself_o up_o to_o the_o authority_n of_o any_o opinion_n in_o itself_o not_o evident_o true_a §_o 9_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o ordinary_a than_o that_o child_n shall_v receive_v into_o their_o mind_n proposition_n especial_o about_o matter_n of_o religion_n from_o their_o parent_n nurse_n or_o those_o about_o they_o which_o be_v insinuate_v into_o their_o unwary_a as_o well_o as_o unbiased_a understanding_n and_o fasten_v by_o degree_n be_v at_o last_o equal_o whether_o true_a or_o false_a rivet_v there_o by_o long_a custom_n and_o education_n beyond_o all_o possibility_n of_o be_v pull_v out_o again_o for_o man_n when_o they_o be_v grow_v up_o reflect_v upon_o their_o opinion_n and_o find_v those_o of_o this_o sort_n to_o be_v as_o ancient_a in_o their_o mind_n as_o their_o very_a memory_n not_o have_v observe_v their_o early_a insinuation_n nor_o by_o what_o mean_v they_o get_v they_o they_o be_v apt_a to_o reverence_v they_o as_o sacred_a thing_n not_o to_o suffer_v they_o to_o be_v profane_v touch_v or_o question_v but_o look_v on_o they_o as_o the_o urim_n and_o thummim_v set_v up_o in_o their_o mind_n immediate_o by_o god_n himself_o to_o be_v the_o great_a and_o unerring_a decider_n of_o truth_n and_o falsehood_n and_o the_o judge_n to_o which_o they_o be_v to_o appeal_v in_o all_o manner_n of_o controversy_n §_o 10._o this_o opinion_n of_o his_o principle_n let_v they_o be_v what_o they_o will_v be_v once_o establish_v in_o any_o one_o mind_n it_o be_v easy_a to_o be_v imagine_v what_o reception_n any_o proposition_n shall_v find_v how_o clear_o soever_o prove_v that_o shall_v invalidate_v their_o authority_n or_o at_o all_o thwart_a with_o these_o internal_a oracle_n whereas_o the_o gross_a absurdity_n and_o improbability_n be_v but_o agreeable_a to_o such_o principle_n go_v down_o glib_o and_o be_v easy_o digest_v the_o great_a obstinacy_n that_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o man_n firm_o believe_v quite_o contrary_a opinion_n though_o many_o time_n equal_o absurd_a in_o the_o various_a religion_n of_o mankind_n be_v as_o evident_a a_o proof_n as_o they_o be_v a_o unavoidable_a consequence_n of_o this_o way_n of_o reason_v from_o receive_v traditional_a principle_n so_o that_o man_n will_v disbelieve_v their_o own_o eye_n renounce_v the_o evidence_n of_o their_o sense_n and_o give_v their_o own_o experience_n the_o lie_n rather_o than_o admit_v of_o any_o thing_n disagree_v with_o these_o sacred_a tenet_n take_v a_o intelligent_a romanist_n that_o from_o the_o very_a first_o dawning_n of_o any_o notion_n in_o his_o understanding_n have_v have_v this_o principle_n constant_o inculcate_v viz._n that_o he_o must_v believe_v as_o the_o church_n believe_v or_o that_o the_o pope_n be_v infallible_a and_o this_o he_o never_o so_o much_o as_o hear_v question_v till_o at_o forty_o or_o fifty_o year_n old_a he_o meet_v with_o one_o of_o other_o principle_n how_o be_v he_o prepare_v easy_o to_o swallow_v not_o only_o against_o all_o probability_n but_o even_o the_o clear_a evidence_n of_o his_o sense_n the_o doctrine_n of_o transubstantiation_n and_o will_v believe_v that_o to_o be_v flesh_n which_o he_o see_v to_o be_v bread_n and_o what_o way_n will_v you_o take_v to_o convince_v a_o man_n of_o any_o improbable_a opinion_n he_o hold_v who_o with_o some_o philosopher_n have_v lay_v down_o this_o as_o a_o foundation_n of_o reason_v that_o he_o must_v believe_v his_o reason_n for_o so_o man_n improper_o call_v argument_n draw_v from_o their_o principle_n against_o their_o sense_n let_v a_o enthusiast_n be_v principled_a that_o he_o or_o his_o teacher_n be_v inspire_v and_o act_v by_o a_o immediate_a communication_n of_o the_o divine_a spirit_n and_o you_o in_o vain_a bring_v the_o evidence_n of_o clear_a reason_n against_o his_o doctrine_n whoever_o therefore_o have_v imbibe_v wrong_a principle_n be_v not_o in_o thing_n inconsistent_a with_o these_o principle_n to_o be_v move_v by_o the_o most_o apparent_a and_o convince_a probability_n till_o they_o be_v so_o candid_a and_o ingenuous_a to_o themselves_o as_o to_o be_v persuade_v to_o examine_v even_o those_o very_a principle_n which_o many_o never_a suffer_v themselves_o to_o do_v §_o 11._o second_o next_o to_o these_o be_v man_n who_o understanding_n be_v cast_v into_o a_o mould_n and_o fashion_v just_a to_o the_o size_n of_o a_o receive_a hypothesis_n the_o difference_n between_o these_o and_o the_o former_a be_v that_o they_o will_v admit_v of_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o agree_v with_o dissenter_n in_o that_o but_o differ_v only_o in_o assign_v of_o reason_n and_o explain_v the_o manner_n of_o operation_n these_o be_v not_o at_o that_o open_a defiance_n with_o their_o sense_n as_o the_o former_a they_o can_v endure_v to_o hearken_v to_o their_o intelligence_n a_o little_a more_o patient_o but_o will_v by_o no_o mean_n admit_v of_o their_o report_n in_o the_o explanation_n of_o thing_n nor_o be_v prevail_v on_o by_o probability_n which_o will_v convince_v they_o that_o thing_n be_v not_o bring_v about_o just_a after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o they_o have_v decree_v within_o themselves_o that_o they_o be_v will_v it_o not_o be_v a_o insufferable_a a_o thing_n for_o a_o learned_a professor_n and_o that_o which_o his_o scarlet_n will_v blush_v for_o to_o have_v his_o authority_n of_o forty_o year_n stand_v wrought_v out_o of_o hard_a rock_n greek_n and_o latin_a with_o no_o small_a expense_n of_o time_n and_o candle_n and_o confirm_v by_o general_a tradition_n and_o a_o reverend_a beard_n in_o a_o instant_n overturn_v by_o a_o upstart_n novelist_n and_o he_o make_v to_o confess_v that_o what_o he_o teach_v his_o scholar_n thirty_o year_n ago_o be_v all_o error_n and_o mistake_n and_o that_o he_o sell_v they_o hard_a word_n and_o ignorance_n at_o a_o very_a dear_a rate_n what_o probability_n i_o say_v be_v sufficient_a to_o prevail_v in_o such_o a_o case_n and_o who_o ever_o by_o the_o most_o cogent_a argument_n will_v be_v prevail_v with_o to_o disrobe_v himself_o at_o once_o of_o all_o his_o old_a opinion_n and_o pretence_n to_o knowledge_n and_o learning_n which_o with_o hard_a study_n he_o have_v all_o his_o time_n be_v labour_v for_o and_o turn_v himself_o out_o stark_o naked_a in_o quest_n afresh_o of_o new_a notion_n all_o the_o argument_n can_v be_v use_v will_v be_v as_o little_a able_a to_o prevail_v as_o the_o wind_n do_v with_o the_o traveller_n to_o part_v with_o his_o cloak_n which_o he_o hold_v only_o the_o fast_o to_o this_o of_o wrong_n hypothesis_n may_v be_v reduce_v the_o error_n that_o may_v be_v occasion_v by_o a_o true_a hypothesis_n or_o right_a principle_n but_o not_o right_o understand_v there_o be_v nothing_o more_o familiar_a than_o this_o the_o instance_n of_o man_n contend_v for_o different_a opinion_n which_o they_o all_o derive_v from_o the_o infallible_a truth_n of_o the_o scripture_n be_v a_o undeniable_a proof_n of_o it_o all_o that_o call_v themselves_o christian_n allow_v the_o text_n that_o say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o carry_v in_o it_o the_o obligation_n to_o a_o very_a weighty_a duty_n but_o yet_o how_o erroneous_a will_v one_o of_o their_o practice_n be_v who_o understand_v nothing_o but_o the_o french_a take_v this_o rule_n with_o one_o translation_n to_o be_v repentez_fw-fr vous_fw-fr repent_v or_o with_o the_o other_o faitez_fw-fr penitence_n do_v penance_n §_o 12._o three_o probability_n which_o cross_a man_n appetite_n and_o prevail_a passion_n run_v the_o same_o fate_n let_v never_o so_o much_o probability_n hang_v on_o one_o side_n of_o a_o covetous_a man_n reason_v and_o money_n on_o the_o other_o and_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o foresee_v which_o will_n outweigh_v earthly_a mind_n like_o mud-wall_n resist_v the_o strong_a battery_n and_o though_o perhaps_o sometime_o the_o force_n of_o a_o clear_a argument_n may_v make_v some_o impression_n yet_o they_o nevertheless_o stand_v firm_a
probability_n there_o i_o think_v it_o be_v not_o in_o our_o choice_n to_o take_v which_o side_n we_o please_v if_o manifest_a odds_o appear_v on_o either_o the_o great_a probability_n i_o think_v in_o that_o case_n will_v determine_v the_o assent_n and_o a_o man_n can_v no_o more_o avoid_v assent_v or_o take_v it_o to_o be_v true_a where_o he_o perceive_v the_o great_a probability_n than_o he_o can_v avoid_v know_v it_o to_o be_v true_a where_o he_o perceive_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o any_o two_o idea_n if_o this_o be_v so_o the_o foundation_n of_o error_n will_v lie_v in_o wrong_a measure_n of_o probability_n as_o the_o foundation_n of_o vice_n in_o wrong_a measure_n of_o good_n §_o 17._o four_o the_o four_o and_o last_o wrong_a measure_n of_o probability_n i_o shall_v take_v notice_n of_o and_o which_o keep_v in_o ignorance_n or_o error_n more_o people_n than_o all_o the_o other_o together_o be_v that_o which_o i_o have_v mention_v in_o the_o foregoing_a chapter_n i_o mean_v the_o giving_z up_o our_o assent_n to_o the_o common_a receive_v opinion_n either_o of_o our_o friend_n or_o party_n neighbourhood_n or_o country_n how_o many_o man_n have_v no_o other_o ground_n for_o their_o tenet_n than_o the_o suppose_a honesty_n or_o learning_n or_o number_n of_o those_o of_o the_o same_o profession_n as_o if_o honest_a or_o bookish_a man_n can_v not_o err_v or_o truth_n be_v to_o be_v establish_v by_o the_o vote_n of_o the_o multitude_n yet_o this_o with_o most_o man_n serve_v the_o turn_n the_o tenet_n have_v have_v the_o attestation_n of_o reverend_a antiquity_n it_o come_v to_o i_o with_o the_o passport_n of_o former_a age_n and_o therefore_o i_o be_o secure_a in_o the_o reception_n i_o give_v it_o other_o man_n have_v be_v and_o be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n for_o that_o be_v all_o be_v say_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v reasonable_a for_o i_o to_o embrace_v it_o a_o man_n may_v more_o justifiable_o throw_v up_o cross_n and_o pile_n for_o his_o opinion_n than_o take_v they_o up_o by_o such_o measure_n all_o man_n be_v liable_a to_o error_n and_o most_o man_n be_v in_o many_o point_n by_o passion_n or_o interest_n under_o temptation_n to_o it_o if_o we_o can_v but_o see_v the_o secret_a motive_n that_o influence_v the_o man_n of_o name_n and_o learning_n in_o the_o world_n and_o the_o leader_n of_o party_n we_o shall_v not_o always_o find_v that_o it_o be_v the_o embrace_v of_o truth_n for_o its_o own_o sake_n that_o make_v they_o espouse_v the_o doctrine_n they_o own_v and_o maintain_v this_o at_o least_o be_v certain_a there_o be_v not_o a_o opinion_n so_o absurd_a which_o a_o man_n may_v not_o receive_v upon_o this_o ground_n there_o be_v no_o error_n to_o be_v name_v which_o have_v not_o have_v its_o professor_n and_o a_o man_n shall_v never_o want_v crooked_a path_n to_o walk_v in_o if_o he_o think_v he_o be_v in_o the_o right_a way_n wherever_o he_o have_v the_o footstep_n of_o other_o to_o follow_v §_o 18._o but_o notwithstanding_o the_o great_a noise_n be_v make_v in_o the_o world_n about_o error_n and_o opinion_n i_o must_v do_v mankind_n that_o right_o as_o to_o say_v there_o be_v not_o so_o many_o man_n in_o error_n and_o wrong_a opinion_n as_o be_v common_o suppose_v not_o that_o i_o think_v they_o embrace_v the_o truth_n but_o indeed_o because_o concern_v those_o doctrine_n they_o keep_v such_o a_o stir_n about_o they_o have_v no_o thought_n no_o opinion_n at_o all_o for_o if_o any_o one_o shall_v a_o little_a catechise_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o partisan_n of_o most_o of_o the_o sect_n in_o the_o world_n he_o will_v not_o find_v concern_v those_o matter_n they_o be_v so_o zealous_a for_o that_o they_o have_v any_o opinion_n of_o their_o own_o much_o less_o will_v he_o have_v reason_n to_o think_v that_o they_o take_v they_o upon_o the_o examination_n of_o argument_n and_o appearance_n of_o probability_n they_o be_v resolve_v to_o stick_v to_o a_o party_n that_o education_n or_o interest_n have_v engage_v they_o in_o and_o there_o like_o the_o common_a soldier_n of_o a_o army_n show_v their_o courage_n and_o warmth_n as_o their_o leader_n direct_v without_o ever_o examine_v or_o so_o much_o as_o know_v the_o cause_n they_o contend_v for_o if_o a_o man_n life_n show_v that_o he_o have_v no_o serious_a regard_n to_o religion_n for_o what_o reason_n shall_v we_o think_v that_o he_o beat_v his_o head_n about_o the_o opinion_n of_o his_o church_n and_o trouble_v himself_o to_o examine_v the_o ground_n of_o this_o or_o that_o doctrine_n it_o be_v enough_o for_o he_o to_o obey_v his_o leader_n to_o have_v his_o hand_n and_o his_o tongue_n ready_a for_o the_o support_n of_o the_o common_a cause_n and_o thereby_o approve_v himself_o to_o those_o who_o can_v give_v he_o credit_n preferment_n or_o protection_n in_o that_o society_n thus_o man_n become_v professor_n of_o and_o combatant_n for_o those_o opinion_n they_o be_v never_o convince_v of_o nor_o proselyte_n to_o no_o nor_o ever_o have_v so_o much_o as_o float_v in_o their_o head_n and_o though_o one_o can_v say_v there_o be_v few_o improbable_a opinion_n in_o the_o world_n than_o there_o be_v yet_o this_o be_v certain_a there_o be_v few_o that_o actual_o assent_v to_o they_o than_o be_v imagine_v chap._n xx._n of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o science_n §_o 1._o all_z that_o can_v fall_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o (null)_o understanding_n be_v either_o first_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n as_o they_o be_v in_o themselves_o their_o relation_n and_o their_o manner_n of_o operation_n or_o second_o that_o which_o man_n himself_o ought_v to_o do_v as_o a_o rational_a and_o voluntary_a agent_n for_o the_o attainment_n of_o any_o end_n especial_o happiness_n or_o three_o the_o way_n and_o mean_n whereby_o the_o knowledge_n of_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o of_o these_o be_v attain_v and_o communicate_v i_o think_v science_n may_v be_v divide_v proper_o into_o these_o three_o sort_n §_o 2._o first_o the_o knowledge_n of_o thing_n as_o they_o be_v in_o their_o own_o proper_a being_n their_o constitution_n property_n and_o operation_n whereby_o i_o mean_v not_o only_a matter_n and_o body_n but_o spirit_n also_o which_o have_v their_o proper_a nature_n constitution_n and_o operation_n as_o well_o as_o body_n this_o in_o a_o little_a more_o enlarge_v sense_n of_o the_o word_n i_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o natural_a philosophy_n the_o end_n of_o this_o be_v bare_a speculative_a truth_n and_o whatsoever_o can_v afford_v the_o mind_n of_o man_n any_o such_o fall_v under_o this_o branch_n whether_o it_o be_v god_n himself_o angel_n spirit_n body_n or_o any_o other_o of_o their_o affection_n as_o number_n and_o figure_n etc._n etc._n §_o 3._o second_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o skill_n of_o right_o apply_v our_o own_o power_n and_o action_n for_o the_o attainment_n of_o thing_n good_a and_o useful_a the_o most_o considerable_a under_o this_o head_n be_v ethic_n which_o be_v the_o seek_v out_o those_o rule_n and_o measure_n of_o (null)_o action_n which_o lead_v to_o happiness_n and_o the_o mean_n to_o practice_v they_o the_o end_n of_o this_o be_v not_o bare_a speculation_n and_o the_o knowledge_n of_o truth_n but_o right_o and_o a_o conduct_v suitable_a to_o it_o §_o 4._o three_o the_o three_o branch_n may_v be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o the_o doctrine_n of_o sign_n the_o most_o usual_a whereof_o being_n word_n it_o be_v apt_o enough_o term_v also_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d logic_n the_o business_n whereof_o be_v to_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o sign_n the_o mind_n make_v use_v of_o for_o the_o understanding_n of_o thing_n or_o convey_v its_o knowledge_n to_o other_o for_o since_o the_o thing_n the_o mind_n contemplate_v be_v none_o of_o they_o beside_o itself_o present_a to_o the_o understanding_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o something_o else_o as_o a_o sign_n or_o representation_n of_o the_o thing_n it_o consider_v shall_v be_v present_a to_o it_o and_o these_o be_v idea_n and_o because_o the_o idea_n of_o one_o man_n mind_n can_v immediate_o be_v lay_v open_a to_o the_o view_n of_o another_o nor_o be_v themselves_o lay_v up_o any_o where_o but_o in_o the_o memory_n which_o be_v apt_a to_o let_v they_o go_v and_o lose_v they_o therefore_o to_o communicate_v our_o idea_n one_o to_o another_o as_o well_o as_o record_v they_o for_o our_o own_o use_n sign_n of_o our_o idea_n be_v also_o necessary_a those_o which_o man_n have_v find_v most_o convenient_a and_o therefore_o general_o make_v use_n of_o be_v articulate_a sound_n the_o consideration_n then_o of_o idea_n and_o word_n as_o the_o great_a instrument_n of_o knowledge_n make_v no_o despicable_a part_n of_o their_o contemplation_n who_o will_v take_v a_o
the_o sense_n 5._o because_o a_o idea_n from_o actual_a sensation_n and_o another_o from_o memory_n be_v very_o distinct_a perception_n 6._o three_o pleasure_n or_o pain_n which_o accompany_v actual_a sensation_n accompany_v not_o the_o return_v of_o those_o idea_n without_o the_o external_a object_n 7._o four_o our_o sense_n assist_v one_o another_o testimony_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o outward_a thing_n 8._o this_o certainty_n be_v as_o great_a as_o our_o condition_n needs_o 9_o but_o reach_v no_o far_a than_o actual_a sensation_n 10._o folly_n to_o expect_v demonstration_n in_o every_o thing_n 11._o past_a existence_n be_v know_v by_o memory_n 12._o the_o existence_n of_o spirit_n not_o knowable_a 13._o particular_a proposition_n concern_v existence_n be_v knowable_a 14._o and_o general_a proposition_n concern_v abstract_a idea_n chap._n xii_o of_o the_o improvement_n of_o our_o knowledge_n sect_n 1._o knowledge_n be_v not_o from_o maxim_n 2._o the_o occasion_n of_o that_o opinion_n 3._o but_o from_o the_o compare_v clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n 4._o dangerous_a to_o build_v upon_o precarious_a principle_n 5._o this_o no_o certain_a way_n to_o truth_n 6._o but_o to_o compare_v clear_a complete_a idea_n under_o steady_a name_n 7._o the_o true_a method_n of_o advance_v knowledge_n be_v by_o consider_v our_o abstract_n idea_n 8._o by_o which_o morality_n also_o may_v be_v make_v clear_a 9_o but_o knowledge_n of_o body_n be_v to_o be_v improve_v only_o by_o experience_n 10._o this_o may_v procure_v we_o convenience_n not_o science_n 11._o we_o be_v fit_v for_o moral_a knowledge_n and_o natural_a improvement_n 12._o but_o must_v beware_v of_o hypothesis_n and_o wrong_a principle_n 13._o the_o true_a use_n of_o hypothesis_n 14._o clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n with_o settle_a name_n and_o the_o find_n of_o those_o which_o show_v their_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n be_v the_o way_n to_o enlarge_v our_o knowledge_n 15._o mathematics_n a_o instance_n of_o it_o chap._n xiii_o some_o other_o consideration_n concern_v our_o knowledge_n sect_n 1._o our_o knowledge_n partly_o necessary_a partly_o voluntary_a 2._o the_o application_n voluntary_a but_o we_o know_v as_o thing_n be_v not_o as_o we_o please_v 3._o instance_n in_o number_n chap._n fourteen_o of_o judgement_n sect_n 1._o our_o knowledge_n be_v short_a we_o want_v something_o else_o 2._o what_o use_v to_o be_v make_v of_o this_o twilight_n estate_n 3._o judgement_n supply_v the_o want_n of_o knowledge_n 4._o judgement_n be_v the_o presume_a thing_n to_o be_v so_o without_o perceive_v it_o chap._n xv._n of_o probability_n sect_n 1._o probability_n be_v the_o appearance_n of_o agreement_n upon_o fallible_a proof_n 2._o it_o be_v to_o supply_v the_o want_n of_o knowledge_n 3._o be_v that_o which_o make_v we_o presume_v thing_n to_o be_v true_a before_o we_o know_v they_o to_o be_v so_o 4._o the_o ground_n of_o probability_n be_v two_o conformity_n with_o our_o own_o experience_n or_o the_o testimony_n of_o other_o experience_n 5._o in_o this_o all_o the_o agreement_n pro_fw-la and_o con_v aught_o to_o be_v examine_v before_o we_o come_v to_o a_o judgement_n 6._o they_o be_v capable_a of_o great_a variey_n chap._n xvi_o of_o the_o degree_n of_o assent_n sect_n 1._o our_o assent_n ought_v to_o be_v regulate_v by_o the_o ground_n of_o probability_n 2._o these_o can_v always_o be_v all_o actual_o in_o view_n and_o then_o we_o must_v content_v ourselves_o with_o the_o remembrance_n that_o we_o once_o see_v ground_n for_o such_o a_o degree_n of_o assent_n 3._o the_o ill_a consequence_n of_o this_o if_o our_o former_a judgement_n be_v not_o right_o make_v 4._o the_o right_a use_n of_o it_o be_v mutual_a charity_n and_o forbearance_n 5._o probability_n be_v either_o of_o matter_n of_o fact_n or_o speculation_n 6._o the_o concurrent_a experience_n of_o all_o other_o man_n with_o we_o produce_v assurance_n approach_v to_o knowledge_n 7._o unquestionable_a testimony_n and_o experience_n for_o the_o most_o part_n produce_v confidence_n 8._o fair_a testimony_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n indifferent_a produce_v also_o confident_a belief_n 9_o experience_n and_o testimony_n clash_v infinite_o vary_v the_o degree_n of_o probability_n 10._o traditional_a testimony_n the_o more_o more_o their_o removed_z the_o less_o their_o proof_n 11._o yet_o history_n be_v of_o great_a use_n 12._o in_o thing_n which_o sense_n can_v discover_v analogy_n be_v the_o great_a rule_n of_o probability_n 13._o one_o case_n where_o contrary_a experience_n lessen_v not_o the_o testimony_n 14._o the_o bare_a testimony_n of_o revelation_n be_v the_o high_a certainty_n chap._n xvii_o of_o reason_n sect_n 1._o various_a signification_n of_o the_o word_n reason_n 2._o wherein_o reason_v consist_v 3._o it_o be_v four_o part_n 4._o syllogism_n not_o the_o great_a instrument_n of_o reason_n 5._o help_v little_a in_o demonstration_n less_o in_o probability_n 6._o serve_v not_o to_o increase_v our_o knowledge_n but_o fence_n with_o it_o 7._o other_o help_n shall_v be_v seek_v 8._o we_o reason_v about_o particular_n 9_o first_o reason_n fail_v we_o for_o want_v of_o idea_n 10._o second_o because_o of_o obscure_a and_o imperfect_a idea_n 11._o three_o for_o want_v of_o intermediate_v idea_n 12._o four_o because_o of_o wrong_a principle_n 13._o five_o because_o of_o doubtful_a term_n 14._o our_o high_a degree_n of_o knowledge_n be_v intuitive_a without_o reason_v 15._o the_o next_o be_v demonstration_n by_o reason_v 16._o to_o supply_v the_o narrowness_n of_o this_o we_o have_v nothing_o but_o judgement_n upon_o probable_a reason_n 17._o intuition_n demonstration_n judgement_n 18._o consequence_n of_o word_n and_o consequence_n of_o idea_n 19_o four_o sort_n of_o argument_n first_o ad_fw-la verecundiam_fw-la 20._o second_o ad_fw-la ignorantiam_fw-la 21._o three_o ad_fw-la hominem_fw-la 22._o four_o ad_fw-la judicium_fw-la 23._o above_o contrary_a and_o according_a to_o reason_n 24._o reason_n and_o faith_n not_o opposite_a chap._n xviii_o of_o faith_n and_o reason_n and_o their_o distinct_a province_n sect_n 1._o necessary_a to_o know_v their_o boundary_n 2._o faith_n and_o reason_n what_o as_o contradistinguish_v 3._o no_o new_a simple_a idea_n can_v be_v convey_v by_o traditional_a revelation_n 4._o traditional_a revelation_n may_v make_v we_o know_v proposition_n knowable_a also_o by_o reason_n but_o not_o with_o the_o same_o certainty_n that_o reason_n do_v 5._o revelation_n can_v be_v admit_v against_o the_o clear_a evidence_n of_o reason_n 6._o traditional_a revelation_n much_o less_o 7._o thing_n above_o reason_n 8._o or_o not_o contrary_a to_o reason_n if_o reveal_v be_v matter_n of_o faith_n 9_o revelation_n in_o matter_n where_o reason_n can_v judge_v or_o but_o probable_o aught_o to_o be_v hearken_v to_o 10._o in_o matter_n where_o reason_n can_v afford_v certain_a knowledge_n that_o be_v to_o be_v hearken_v to_o 11._o if_o the_o boundary_n be_v not_o set_v between_o faith_n and_o reason_n no_o enthusiasm_n or_o extravagancy_n in_o religion_n can_v be_v contradict_v chap._n xix_o of_o wrong_a assent_n or_o error_n sect_n 1._o cause_n of_o error_n 2._o first_o want_v of_o proof_n 3._o obj._n what_o shall_v become_v of_o those_o who_o want_v they_o answer_v 4._o people_n hinder_v from_o enquiry_n 5._o second_o want_v of_o skill_n to_o use_v they_o 6._o three_o want_v of_o will_n to_o use_v they_o 7._o four_o wrong_v measure_n of_o probability_n whereof_o 8_o 10._o first_o doubtful_a proposition_n take_v for_o principle_n 11._o second_o receive_v hypothesis_n 12._o three_o predominant_a passion_n 13._o the_o mean_n of_o evade_n probability_n one_a suppose_a fallacy_n 14._o two_o suppose_a argument_n for_o the_o contrary_n 15._o what_o probability_n determine_v the_o assent_n 16._o where_o it_o be_v in_o our_o power_n to_o suspend_v it_o 17._o four_o authority_n 18._o man_n not_o in_o so_o many_o error_n as_o be_v imagine_v chap._n xx._n division_n of_o the_o science_n sect_n 1._o three_o sort_n 2._o first_o physica_n 3._o second_o practica_fw-la 4._o three_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 5._o this_o be_v the_o first_o division_n of_o the_o object_n of_o knowledge_n finis_fw-la finis_fw-la gruber_n apud_fw-la thevenot_n part_v 4._o p._n 23._o 23._o lambert_n apud_fw-la there-not_a p._n 38._o 38._o vossius_fw-la de_fw-la nili_n origine_fw-la c._n 18.19_o 18.19_o p._n mart._n dec._n 1._o have_v des_fw-fr incas_fw-la l._n 1._o c._n 12._o 12._o lery_z c._n 16._o 16._o rhoe_n apud_fw-la thevenot_n p_o 2._o 2._o jo._n de_fw-fr lery_z c._n 16._o 16._o a_o gry_a be_v 1_o â—â—_o of_o a_o line_n a_o line_n 1_o 10_o of_o a_o inch_n a_o inch_n 1_o 1â—_n of_o a_o philosophical_a foot_n a_o philosophical_a foot_n 1_o â—_o of_o a_o pendulum_fw-la who_o diadromsâ—_n in_o the_o latitude_n of_o 45_o degree_n be_v each_o equal_a to_o one_o second_o of_o time_n or_o 1_o 6â—_n of_o a_o minute_n i_o have_v affect_o make_v use_v of_o this_o measure_n here_o and_o the_o part_n of_o it_o under_o a_o decimal_n division_n with_o name_n to_o theâ—â—_n because_o i_o think_v it_o will_v be_v of_o general_a convenience_n that_o this_o shall_v be_v the_o common_a measure_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o letter_n
the_o truth_n of_o other_o without_o proof_n which_o be_v as_o self-evident_a as_o these_o and_o upon_o the_o very_a same_o ground_n intuitive_a knowledge_n neither_o require_v nor_o admit_v any_o proof_n one_o part_n of_o it_o more_o than_o another_o he_o that_o will_v suppose_v it_o do_v take_v away_o the_o foundation_n of_o all_o knowledge_n and_o certainty_n and_o he_o that_o need_v any_o proof_n to_o make_v he_o certain_a and_o give_v his_o assent_n to_o this_o proposition_n that_o two_o be_v equal_a to_o two_o will_v also_o have_v need_n of_o a_o proof_n to_o make_v he_o admit_v that_o what_o be_v be_v he_o that_o need_v a_o probation_n to_o convince_v he_o that_o two_o be_v not_o three_o that_o white_a be_v not_o black_a that_o a_o triangle_n be_v not_o a_o circle_n etc._n etc._n or_o any_o other_o two_o clear_a distinct_a idea_n be_v not_o one_o and_o the_o same_o will_v need_v also_o a_o demonstration_n to_o convince_v he_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o be_v and_o not_o to_o be_v §_o 20._o and_o as_o these_o maxim_n be_v of_o little_a use_n where_o we_o have_v clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n so_o they_o be_v as_o i_o have_v show_v of_o dangerous_a use_n where_o our_o idea_n be_v not_o clear_a and_o distinct_a and_o where_o we_o use_v word_n that_o be_v not_o annex_v to_o clear_v and_o distinct_a idea_n but_o to_o such_o as_o be_v of_o a_o loose_a and_o wander_a signification_n sometime_o stand_v for_o one_o and_o sometime_o for_o another_o idea_n from_o which_o follow_v mistake_v and_o error_n which_o these_o maxim_n bring_v as_o proof_n to_o establish_v proposition_n wherein_o the_o term_n stand_v for_o confuse_a or_o uncertain_a idea_n do_v by_o their_o authority_n confirm_v and_o rivet_v chap._n viii_o of_o trifle_a proposition_n §_o 1._o whether_o the_o maxim_n treat_v of_o in_o the_o foregoing_a chapter_n be_v of_o that_o use_n to_o real_a knowledge_n as_o be_v general_o suppose_v i_o leave_v to_o be_v consider_v this_o i_o think_v may_v confident_o be_v affirm_v that_o there_o be_v universal_a proposition_n that_o though_o they_o be_v certain_o true_a yet_o they_o add_v no_o light_n to_o our_o understanding_n bring_v no_o increase_n to_o our_o knowledge_n such_o be_v §_o 2._o first_o all_o pure_o identical_a proposition_n these_o obvious_o and_o at_o first_o blush_n appear_v to_o contain_v no_o instruction_n in_o they_o for_o when_o we_o affirm_v the_o same_o term_n of_o itself_o whether_o it_o be_v bare_o verbal_a or_o whether_o it_o contain_v any_o clear_a and_o real_a idea_n it_o show_v we_o nothing_o but_o what_o we_o must_v certain_o know_v before_o whether_o such_o a_o proposition_n be_v either_o make_v by_o or_o propose_v to_o we_o indeed_o that_o most_o general_a one_o what_o be_v be_v may_v serve_v sometime_o to_o show_v a_o man_n the_o absurdity_n he_o be_v guilty_a of_o when_o by_o circumlocution_n or_o equivocal_a term_n he_o will_v in_o particular_a instance_n deny_v the_o same_o thing_n of_o itself_o because_o no_o body_n will_v so_o open_o bid_v defiance_n to_o common_a sense_n as_o to_o affirm_v visible_a and_o direct_a contradiction_n in_o plain_a word_n or_o if_o he_o do_v a_o man_n be_v excuse_v if_o he_o break_v off_o any_o far_a discourse_n with_o he_o but_o yet_o i_o think_v i_o may_v say_v that_o neither_o that_o receive_a maxim_n nor_o any_o other_o identical_a proposition_n teach_v we_o any_o thing_n and_o though_o in_o such_o kind_n of_o proposition_n this_o great_a and_o magnify_a maxim_n boast_v to_o be_v the_o foundation_n of_o demonstration_n may_v be_v and_o often_o be_v make_v use_n of_o to_o confirm_v they_o yet_o all_o it_o prove_v amount_n to_o no_o more_o than_o this_o that_o the_o same_o word_n may_v with_o great_a certainty_n be_v affirm_v of_o itself_o without_o any_o doubt_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o any_o such_o proposition_n and_o let_v i_o add_v also_o without_o any_o real_a knowledge_n §_o 3._o for_o at_o this_o rate_n any_o very_a ignorant_a person_n who_o can_v but_o make_v a_o proposition_n and_o know_v what_o he_o mean_v when_o he_o say_v ay_o or_o no_o may_v make_v a_o million_o of_o proposition_n of_o who_o truth_n he_o may_v be_v infallible_o certain_a and_o yet_o not_o know_v one_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n thereby_o v_o g._n what_o be_v a_o soul_n be_v a_o soulâ—_n or_o a_o soul_n be_v a_o soul_n a_o spirit_n be_v a_o spirit_n a_o fetiche_a be_v a_o fetiche_a etc._n etc._n these_o all_o be_v equivalent_a to_o this_o proposition_n viz._n what_o be_v be_v i._n e._n what_o have_v existence_n have_v existence_n or_o who_o have_v a_o soul_n have_v a_o soul_n what_o be_v this_o more_o than_o trifle_v with_o word_n it_o be_v but_o like_o a_o monkey_n shift_v his_o oyster_n from_o one_o hand_n to_o the_o other_o and_o have_v he_o have_v but_o word_n might_n no_o doubt_n have_v say_v oyster_n in_o right_a hand_n be_v subject_a and_o oyster_n in_o left_a hand_n be_v predicate_v and_o so_o may_v have_v make_v a_o self-evident_a proposition_n of_o oyster_n i._n e._n oyster_n be_v oyster_n and_o yet_o with_o all_o this_o not_o have_v be_v one_o whit_n the_o wise_a or_o more_o know_v and_o that_o way_n of_o handle_v the_o matter_n will_v much_o at_o one_o have_v satisfy_v the_o monkey_n hunger_n or_o a_o man_n understanding_n and_o they_o will_v have_v improve_v in_o knowledge_n and_o bulk_n together_o §_o 4._o second_o another_o sort_n of_o trifle_a proposition_n be_v when_o a_o part_n of_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n be_v predicate_v of_o the_o name_n of_o the_o whole_a a_o part_n of_o the_o definition_n of_o the_o word_n define_v such_o be_v all_o proposition_n wherein_o the_o genus_fw-la be_v predicate_v of_o the_o species_n or_o more_o comprehensive_a of_o less_o comprehensive_a termsâ—_n for_o what_o information_n what_o knowledge_n carry_v this_o preposition_n in_o it_o viz._n lead_n be_v a_o metal_n to_o a_o man_n who_o know_v the_o complex_fw-la idea_n the_o name_n lead_v stand_v for_o all_o the_o simple_a idea_n that_o go_v to_o the_o complex_fw-la one_o signify_v by_o the_o term_n metal_n be_v nothing_o but_o what_o he_o before_o comprehend_v and_o signify_v by_o the_o name_n lead_v indeed_o to_o a_o man_n that_o know_v the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n metal_n and_o not_o of_o the_o word_n lead_v it_o be_v a_o short_a way_n to_o explain_v the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n lead_v by_o say_v it_o be_v a_o metal_n which_o at_o once_o express_v several_a of_o its_o simple_a idea_n than_o to_o enumerate_v they_o one_o by_o one_o tell_v he_o it_o be_v a_o body_n very_o heavy_a fusible_a and_o malleable_a §_o 5._o alike_o trifle_v it_o be_v to_o predicate_v any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o definition_n of_o the_o term_n define_v or_o to_o affirm_v any_o one_o of_o the_o simple_a idea_n of_o a_o complex_fw-la one_o of_o the_o name_n of_o the_o whole_a complex_fw-la idea_n as_o all_o gold_n be_v fusible_a for_o fusibility_n be_v one_o of_o the_o simple_a idea_n that_o go_v to_o the_o make_v up_o the_o complex_fw-la one_o the_o sound_a gold_n stand_v for_o what_o can_v it_o be_v but_o play_v with_o sound_n by_o affirm_v that_o of_o the_o name_n gold_n which_o be_v comprehend_v in_o its_o receive_a signification_n it_o will_v be_v think_v little_o better_o than_o ridiculous_a to_o affirm_v grave_o as_o a_o truth_n of_o moment_n that_o gold_n be_v yellow_a and_o i_o see_v not_o how_o it_o be_v any_o jot_n more_o material_a to_o say_v it_o be_v fusible_a unless_o that_o quality_n be_v leave_v out_o of_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o which_o the_o sound_a gold_n be_v the_o mark_n in_o ordinary_a speech_n what_o instruction_n can_v it_o carry_v with_o it_o to_o tell_v one_o that_o which_o he_o have_v be_v tell_v already_o or_o he_o be_v suppose_v to_o know_v before_o for_o i_o be_o suppose_v to_o know_v the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n another_o use_n to_o i_o or_o else_o he_o be_v to_o tell_v i_o and_o if_o i_o know_v that_o the_o name_n gold_n stand_v for_o this_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o body_n yellow_a heavy_a fusible_a malleable_a it_o will_v not_o much_o instruct_v i_o to_o put_v it_o solemn_o afterward_o in_o a_o proposition_n and_o grave_o say_v all_o gold_n be_v fusible_a such_o proposition_n can_v only_o serve_v to_o show_v the_o disingenuity_n of_o one_o who_o will_v go_v from_o the_o definition_n of_o his_o own_o term_n by_o re-minding_a he_o sometime_o of_o it_o but_o carry_v no_o knowledge_n with_o they_o but_o of_o the_o signification_n of_o word_n however_o certain_a they_o be_v §_o 6._o every_o man_n be_v a_o animal_n or_o live_a body_n be_v as_o certain_a a_o proposition_n as_o can_v be_v but_o no_o more_o conduce_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o thing_n than_o to_o say_v a_o palfry_n