6. The Primary Differences of the Pulse felt in the Wrist may be reduc'd to three chief Heads the Strength Greatness and Frequency of the Pulse For the Swiftness ascrib'd to the Pulse may indeed be conceivd by the Mind but not toucht and felt with the Fingers And Hardness is but seldom found in the Pulse and always in a Praeternatural State when as those aforementiond are observd both in a Natural and Non natural Pulse 7. A Pulse is call'd Strong when the Artery smites forcibly the Fingers of him that Touches but Weak when it happens only gently and lightly 8. The Pulse is said to be Great when the Artery is unfolded much and with a large space but Little when little and in a narrow space 9. The Pulse is call'd Frequent when the expansion and smiting of the Arterie is observd in the same space of Time ofter then otherwise or in others and Rare when it is less oft then is wont or ought to be 10. The Pulse is call'd Moderat or Mean which is the middle between the extrem's of the three foresaid Differences 11. A Strong or Potent and Valid Pulse is causd by the Animal Spirits plenteously carri'd to the Musculous Substance of the Heart strongly contracting it whence it is never preternatural upon its own account yet somtimes upon the account of the Cause provoking 12. A Weak Pulse oft follows a Vniversal Defect of the Animal Spirits in the Universal Body at least partly in the Heart it self somtimes a Sluggishness and Drowsiness or Unmovableness of the Universal Body 13. A Vniversal Defect of the Animal Spirits is both because of Defect of the Blood by a notable Effusion and Haemorrhagie of it somtimes by prolonged Hunger and because of the Effervescency and Rarefaction of Blood hindred in a Syncope Hypochondriac Suffocation c. whence a Weak Pulse always concurs with one Little And because of the Spirits exhausted with Cares Hunger Watchings or too much Motion or Agitation of the Body and because of the ill affected Brain being averse to the separation and preparation of the Spirits 14. The Animal Spirits will be Deficient in the Heart peculiarly if the Nervs tending to it be wounded â—â—r I seareâ— think that they alone the others being well can become unfit to let the Spirits pass through by any moisture 15. The Animal Motion of those that walk in Sleep testifies that Sluggishness and Drowsiness of the Animal Spirits is not always to be found in Sleep or Drowsiness it self and the Pulse it self in a grievous Sleepiness oft very Strong Whence it is manifest that Narcotics as such do not so affect the Animal Spirits perhaps or all the Nerves equally as the Organs of the external Senses or the Nerves tending to them 16. But Sluggishness and Drowsiness is always found in the Animal Motion by Frost and any vehement cold of Air Water and other things although we may doubt whether the Animal Spirits Themselves or rather the Maseles be then indeed and by themselves affected by cold seeing unless its Cause be extremâ— that Drowsiness of the Parts according to Motion may be prevented or also overcomd by a vehâ—ment agitation of the Body which could not be if Drowsiness had seiâ—d on the Spirits which bâ—ing moâ—â—ble and subject to the Government of the â—â—ad the Museles may the easier be freed from Drowsiness by their more plenteous afflux to them 〈◊〉 is wâ—nt 17. A Great Pulse follows an ample and full Rareâ—â—◠〈…〉 the Sâ—â—tness of the Arteries concurâ—â—â—â— 18. A 〈◊〉 Pulse happens both by a small Rarâ—â—◠〈…〉 and by the Hardness of the Arterie 〈…〉 cannot be much displaid 〈…〉 â—â—s for its Cause either the 〈…〉 so that it cannot be enough receivd by the Greatness of the Pulse only or the Hardness of the Arterie in a mean Rarefaction of Blâ—nd whâ—◠〈◊〉 Greâ—â— Pulse is conjoind there to Oâ—â— Frâ—queâ—â— hâ—re Onâ— Little or any thing else oft pulling the Heart 〈◊〉 Coâ—tract it sâ—lf 20. Lastly A â—â—â—re Pulse haps by a small and slow Rarefaction oâ— Blood 21. The â—â—â—nty of Animal Spirits follows a due Vse of Foâ—d abounding with a Volatil Spirit and their Fermentation in the Stomâ—ch and Separation in the Gats and Effervescency in the Heart and especially beside the laudable Productions of all the other Humors the Separation of the most Spiritous Part compleat in the Brain and Cerebellum As Their Defect beside those we mentiond in Sect. 13 14. all contrary â—o these fore mentiond as is manifest by treating of the nam'd Functions Deprâ—v'd 22. The Blood Rarefies much when it is laudable â—nd a potent Fire is stird up in the Heart when the â—ffervescency is which yet when it is too Great â—â—e Blood Rarefies more than enough and thereupon â—â—l as is wont to be in Burning Fevers 23. The Blood Rarefies less or Little when it is â—â—ess fit to rarefie and more fluid or viscous then is usuâ—â—l or a more Sparing Fire is stird up in the Heart â—nd not enough to rarefie the Blood suffiâ—iâ—ntly 24. The Natural Hardness of the Arteries is to be scrib'd to the Thickness of their Coats as the Praeâ—ernatural is commonly wont to be ascrib'd to the Inâ—ammation of the Membrans 25. The Blood Rarefies very much and suddenly when both it is more fit to rarefie and a sharper Fire 〈◊〉 kindled in it and the Heart 26. The Heart is Oft or continually pulld to Câ—â—â—ract it Self both by and Sharp thing carri'd together with the Blood to it be it a Sowr or a Lixiviaâ— Salt or mixt of both as is Salt Brine and by any Vaporous or Windy Thing piercing into the Ventricles of 〈◊〉 Heart and a little but not too much unfolding its Sides and so indeed that they may again be contracted and by any Thing without the Heart tâ— wit containd in its Pericardium that corrodes and pâ—iâ—ks it So we found a Salt and Sharp Humor thrâ—â— years agoe in the Pericardium by which as well theâ— Memorane of the Pericardium as of the Heart was corroded and fretted 27. A Small and Slow Rarefaction of Blood procedes either from Its exceding Viscousness or from thâ— Fire more sparingly breaking forth in the conflux 〈◊〉 both Bloods or from Both concurring together Foâ— it can scarce ever be that Choler or Lympha shoulâ— be very sharp the Universal Blood being for somtime too Viscous unless in regard of Diet and espâ—cially of Food somtimes holer more Sharp somtimes Lympha and the Juice of the Pancreas mâ—â—â— Sowr somtimes Spittle and Phlegm be bred mâ—â— Visâ—â—us which easily haps when Men use Food 〈◊〉 many soâ—ts apt to breed one while one another tiâ—â— another ill Humor and moreover use now hot anâ— cold Air and besides are immoderat in the Motiâ— of their Bâ—dy and Mind c. 28. How the mentiâ—nd kinds of a deprav'd Pulâ—â— ought to be Help'd is not difficult to conclude 〈◊〉 what is propos'd here and there 29. So the other Differences and
the Apoplexie and Palsie cease all that time 5. When Fewer Animal Spirits then are wont are carri'd to the same Organs the same Functions are observd to be Imperfect and Weak in a trembling and infirm Motion not long continuing when the Sight is weak and soon weari'd c. 6. No Animal Spirits or Fewer then is wonted are carri'd through the Nervs somtimes by their own fault other-times by the fault of the Nervs 7. The same haps by the fault of the Animal Spirits when they are Deficient or Drowsie more or less of which we have spoken in the former Chapter 8. The Motion of the Animal Spirits to the Parts is Deficient wholly or in part by the fault of the Nervs when they are Cut in two Comprest Obstructed when they can be obstructed or Clos'd 9. The Nervs are Cut in two by any sharp things that are apt to wound the Body 10. The Nervs are Comprest by Bands hard Tumors or compacted Humors lying upon the Nervs 11. That the Nervs cannot be Obstructed I even therfore think because their Pipes seeing they are continu'd to the strait Pipes of the Brain and Cerebellum will receiv nothing into them that is not exceding small and hath first got into the Pipes of the Brain or Cerebellum Into which if any contend that Vapors or Wind may enter together with the Spirits and soon get into the Nervs I see not how and by what means the same can judg that the noted Vapors or Wind can congeal again that they may there breed an Obstruction 12. The Palsie arising by a cold Rain whence the Cloaths are wet so affecting this or that part seems to prove that Phlegmatic and Watry Humors abiding about the Nervs may moisten and perhaps so far loosen the Tunicles or Membrans and hence the Marrow that it slipping down by a closing renders its Pipes unfit to let the Animal Spirits pass through so that somtimes one somtimes more parts do more or less lose Motion and Sense 13. II. More Animal Spirits are mov'd through the Nervs then the External Senses or Animal Motion requir'd to their perfection 1. By reason of a vehement Motion of Mind much vexing and molesting Man especially immoderat Anger Fear or Joy 2. Because of a continual and grievous Irritation urging about the Head of the Spinal Marrow in an Universal Convulsion or in a sensible part of the place grievd or in its Nerve in a Particular Convulsion 14. This Irritation for the most part and perhaps always arises from an acid and sharp Spirit driven forward in the form of a Vapor into the rising of the Spinal Marrow primarily affecting in a Universal Convulsion and gnawing it somtimes without a notable somtimes with great pain to wit as it less or more offends the part likely to be affected 15. The concurring Symptoms considered and weighd with an attentive Mind will confirm that these Sowr Vapors rise either always or at least most commonly out of the small Gut 16. Which same Symptoms will evince that these Vapors are peccant in an Acid Acrimony as also the Cure performed by most simple and known things 17. The true Cause of a Universal Convulsion secondarily affecting and chiefly coming upon a Particular Convulsion seems to me the encreasd and fierce and by the continuance of the Cause provoking by degrees more encreasd and fierce at length the evil urging all over more obstinatly most fierce Motion of the Animal Spirits by reason of the Part primarily affected for which thing all the Muscles in the whole Body are most vehemently contracted and breed a Universal Convulsion 18. The same Irritation may be bred in a Particular Convulsion 1. By a Sharp and Acid Humor or Vapor fretting the Nerves or Membran's or Tendons carri'd to the Muscle labouring of a Convulsion 2. From any kind of Prick of the same Nerve Membrane or Tendon proceeding somtimes from an External other-times Internal Cause as by a sharp Splinter of a Bone 3. From any other Cause as an Inflammation St. Anthonies Fire c. producing a sharp Pain in a more sensible part of the Muscle affected and especially the Tendon 19. III. The Animal Spirits are mov'd Vnequally Inordinatly and beside or against the Will through the Nervs to the moveable Parts in a Convulsive Motion and forcd Trembling or Shaking of the Lims For this troublesom Trembling though the Body rest and lie down is to be distinguisht from the Trembling Motion of which we spake in Sect. 5. and which ceases when the Body is at rest and returns again the same being mov'd 20. The Convulsive Motion whether Vniversal or Particular procedes from the encreasd but alternat Motion of the Animal Spirits against the opposite Muscles 21. This Alternat Motion of the Animal Spirits gets an Alternat Irritation in the Nervs carrying the Animal Spirits to the opposite Muscles 22. The Irritation in a Vniversal Convulsive Motion such as oft occurs in the beginning of an Epileptic Fit for a Convulsion is wont at length to succede is to be appointed about the first spreading of the Nervs tending to several Muscles 23. The Irritation in a Particular Convulsive Motion such as is oft observd in either Arm or Leg or elswhere is to be plac'd about the rising of the Nervs carri'd to the opposite Muscles of the same Member 24. And this Irritation is altogether to be ascrib'd to a thing very moveable and apt to pull at the opposite Nervs and so to sharp and sowr Vapors most frequently rising up from the small Gut and piercing to the original of the Nervs 25. A forc'd Trembling arises from the Animal Spirits driven forward through the Nervs inordinatly and continually with some force to the Muscles of the trembling Members whether it be Vniversal or Particular whether the Body be yet strong or weak 26. But the Couse of that Inordinat and Continual Fierce Motion of the Animal Spirits is for the moâ—â— part to be sought in the Spirits themselvs inordinatly agitated and especially in a Universal Trembling somtimes also in the Nervs vext with a continual but less grievous Irritation otherwise it would be a Convulsive Motion which I judg has place chiefly in a particular Trembling 27. The Animal Spirits are inordinatly agitated by Wind and Vapors continually ascending to the Head with the Blood and together with the Spiritous Substance of the Blood going forward into the Pipes of the Brain and Cerebellum soon after into those of the Nervs and inordinatly and impetuously agitating the Animal Spirits 28. That a Trembling is somtimes produc'd by a lighter Irritation of the Nervs is manifest because that somtimes a Convulsive Motion follows it somtimes ends in it 29. I. Seeing the Nervs Dissected cannot be cur'd thus far the Defect of the Animal Spirits in any part cannot be repair'd Yet because for the most part several Nervs are carri'd to the same part both to give it Sense and
it Ceases or is Abolisht 2. When it is not sufficient and therefore is too Frequent 3. When it is with pain and Difficulty 4. I. The Inspiration of Air is said by me to Cease when there is no need thereof which happens both in the Syncope and in some kinds of Hypochondriac Suffocation in which a Man somtimes may want all Respiration at least manifest to Sense for a notable time to wit whole dayes without the change of Life with Death of which only true Physicians are wont to speak judging by what is observd by Sense yielding the Imaginary Respiration to imagining Doctors 5. But then there is no necessity of Inspired Air because there is no notable Burning of Blood raisd in the Right Ventricle of the Heart there happening no notable Rarefaction of the same wherefore the Blood having no heat there needs no Tempering its desired Rarefaction no condensing but the Ventricles of the Heart are not very much expanded or otherwise provok'd to contract it self in such a Disease whence the Pulse then is Deficient to Sense of necessity Of which see also Chap. 19. Sect. 14 c. 6. The same Inspiration of Air is said by me to be Abolisht when its need of being inspir'd doth urge there being a notable Effervescency and Rarefaction of Blood in the Right Ventricle of the Heart the Pulse remaining great and strong enough though for a short space yet the Inspiration it self Ceases and is suddenly taken away in the forementiond Suffocation or Strangulation 7. The Inspiration of Air so necessary to Life being full of motion is Abolisht either by the fault of the Thorax and Midrif or of the Lungs and Waies 8. I think that Inspiration cannot be Abolisht by the fault of the Breast or Midrif alone although when both are deficient together in their Motion nothing hinders but that it may be 9. They are Deficient together in their Motion when all the parts are destitute of the Animal Spirits and hence of Sense and Motion in the most grievous Apoplexie whence Death succedes certainly and suddenly 10. The Inspiration of Air may be Abolisht by the fault of the Lungs when the sharp Arterie is straitned after any extreme manner 11. The Inspiration of Air may be Abolisht by the fault of the Waies tending to the Lungs when either the Mouth and Nostrils together are quite stopt or the Throat is obstructed or comprest excedingly in the Suffocating Catarrh so call'd the Squinsie Strangulation c. 12. The Inspiration of Air is not sufficient and therfore also Frequent Both 1. by the fault of the Blood carrid through the Lungs and 2. of the Brest and 3. of the Midrif and 4. of the Lungs and 5. their Waies 13. 1. This happens by the fault of Blood carrid through the Lungs as often as it being too much Kindled and Rarefi'd in the Heart cannot be enough temperd by the Air inspir'd in its wonted quantity and manner but requires more of it than is usual wherefore the Expansion of the Brest and Midrif is both Greater and especially more Frequent to help that defect and that more Air may be inspired seeing that it is more easily hastned then augmented add that an often iterated Inspiration of a little external Air is more convenient to temper continually the Blood too much raising an Effervescency than too great plenty of it coming more seldom 14. 2. The Inspiration of Air is not sufficient and therefore too Frequent by the fault of the Brest when it cannot be lifted up and expanded enough and as much as ought both because of the Gristles of the Brest too much hardned and especially because of a Pleurisie hindring the Dilatation of the Brest by reason of the Pain accompanying 15. 3. The Inspiration of Air is not Sufficient and therefore too frequent by the fault of the Midrif either when it cannot conveniently be stird up in its double and reciprocal Motion because of its proper Disease especially an Inflammation or when it cannot be enough expanded downward by want of spaâ—e in the Belly and other Impediments there as it usually falls out in a grievous Dropsie call'd Ascites or when the Child lies high in the Womb the Stomach or Guts distended with Wind c. 16. 4. The Inspiration of Air is not Sufficient and therefore too frequent by fault of the Lungs when their Vniversal Substance or at least the most part is too little spongie and too small or they are troubled with a Peripneumonie or urg'd only with a moderate Straitness of the notable Branches of the Sharp Arterie 17. The Substance of the Lungs is too little Spungie as often as it is too Fleshy and Solid such as I have often found in the Dissecting of several after Death or also wrinkled such as have been somtime in like manner observd â—y me although I think it very hard if not impossible to render the adequate Cause of this Disease yet I conjecture that the Substance of the Lungs becomes too Fleshy and Solid as often as it is both lightly fretted and again consolidated and nourished so that by degrees its Flesh becomes more solid by the too sharp together with the too viscous Blood in the middle part between the Arteries and Veins 18. I refer the Wrinkling of its Substance to be taken from the over-Tart and Sharp Blood rather poâ—ently contracting than truly nourishing it there â—ightly fretted unless perhaps it happen by Matter or Water likewise tart gatherd in the Cavity of the Brest and by degrees piercing and binding it 19. 5. The Inspiration becomes more Frequent because not Sufficient by the fault of the Waies grantâ—ng passage for the Air to the Lungs when the Nâ—â—trils only are more or less stopt both continually in an Hurt or by Chance c. commonly inbred or by an external Cause often accidental the harm beâ—ng adventitious and permanent and often by spacâ—s â—n a Disease that troubles somtimes more otherâ—imes less as in the Stuffing of the Head a Pâ—lypus c. and somtimes by External Things put up the Nostrils whence the Inspiration of Air is then to be made with open Mouth which will therefore be more hindred and so more frequent and yet more if the Sick be to speak or walk for a space especially if he must hasten 20. The same may hap if the Entrance of the Throat be more or lâ—ss stâ—pt with thick and viscous Phlegm or the Tonsills be Inflamed or otherwise Swelld and stop up the way at least in part of the Air to be Inspired in which Disease a more frequent Inspiration is observd whether it procede from a Straitness of the Waies alone or the Trouble come which to me is most probable by the over-cold Air too plenteously suckt in at once to shun which a more frequent and also less Inspiration may be orderd 21. III. The Inspiration of Air which is with Difficulty is generally call'd Dyspnaea the chief kinds whereof are an Hard Breathing Orthopnaea
another Cause also and that either deducing unactive Phlegm into act or producing Windy Vapors from the same it is very evident that a sowr Humor is requird both to stir up and encrease the force of Phlegm and to breed Vapors that cause Gaping because especially if it be a little Tart it will make the Phlegm more glutinous which may produce the Sense of Heaviness and Compression sooner and more potently and raising an Effervescency vitiously and victoriously with Choler as we taught you happend in the beginnings of the most of the Intermitting Fevers giv's occasion to Windy Vapors and so to Gaping it self 70. We said 3. that a Swouning did somtimes precede the Distension of the Belly Belches or Gripes all which seeing they arise from Wind either very mild or sharp deduc'd and deriv'd from Phlegm either viscous only or also sowr at a certain time and a little before a Swouning the Truth of our Sayings is abundantly manifest 71. We taught you 4. that Dimness and Darkness before the Eyes together with a Giddiness and Tinkling in the Ears did often precede a Swouning And who knows not that all these arise from Vapors rising from the lower parts to the Brain one time mild another time sharp having alwayes Viscous often also Sowr Phlegm for its Matter and troubling wonderfully the Motion of the Animal Spirits 72. 5. Lastly we have Observd that Retchings and Convulsive Motions do somtimes also precede Swouning And because the efficient Cause of Retching uses to be the same as that of Gaping and they only differ in the part affected hither you may transfer what we have told you before of Gaping And because that Convulsive Motions arise as we intend if God permit to shew you in the following Book from an Humor or Vapor sharp but withal sowr corroding and pulling the Beginnings of the Nerv's by course our Opinion is not a little so confirmd 73. And now we have declar'd the Symptoms that usually precede a Swouning let us also run over the others very notable which are wont to accompany It Among which although a Pulse Less and more Languid or None at least manifest to Sense cannot be reckond the last yet because for that end we have already mentiond more of its Causes lest we do one thing twice let us go on to the other Symptoms 74. In every Swouning therfore the Internal as well as External Senses are drawn into consent and are always darkned more or less yea somtimes they cease from all their Operation And that the reason of this wonderful Effect and Event may be more manifest I would have the Younger Physicians to consider for Old Men and such as are Compleat in the Art of Physic need not mine information That in every Giddiness which we told you did for the most part precede a Swouning and especially its more grievous kind the Internal as well as External Senses were troubled and after a manner darkned And seeing that it is known by manifest Experience that the swift Turning round of an External Thing seen or of the Body it self produces Giddiness the Animal Spirits in like manner being mov'd round at least confusedly stird why should we doubt when the same Spirits are in like manner mov'd disturb'd and perhaps turnd round by Vapors in the Body very much mov'd and rising up to the Brain that the Senses as well Internal as External are not only troubled and disturbd but also darkned so that they seem to cease for a time For if they then do any thing which is unknown to them yet the disturb'd and confus'd Mind not being in its power keeps no Remembrance therof 75. These things being thus laid no wonder if in a Swouning the Animal also or Voluntary Motion be Diminisht or Abolisht and Respiration it self either Obscur'd or Deficient For the Animal Motion follows the orderly and perpetual and also by the Will determind as the matter and the various Disease require Motion of the Animal Spirits through the Nervs to the Fibres of all the Muscles or those selected of which Motions seeing neither can consist intire with the disturâ—d and pervers Motion of the Animal Spirits it is necessary that in such a case the Animal Motion and Respiration also it self should be spraind and loosend 76. But the External and Internal Senses and Animal Motion will not only cease for a time because of the disturbd Motion of the Animal Spirits but also by reason of their Motion hindred or taken away which may be when they cease to be bred and separated from the Blood because the Mass of Blood is coagulated and made unmoveable by any sowr and chiefly tart thing For there is need to perform the Internal as well as External Senses and Animal Motion that the Animal Spirits should be freely and plenteously mov'd to all their Organs although it is easier to fancy according to pleasure then to point and demonstrate solidly what they are which peculiarly serve the Internal Senses Yet do we observe in any attent Function of the Mind that the Brain is intent and many Animal Spirits as it were to be spent and consumd which may so long suffice to assign some Organ to the Internal Senses until all these can be more distinctly conceivd by the External Senses and be explaind to others and at last the Assent of every one be mildly compeld to have the same Opinion 77. But let us yet confirm the propos'd Cause by those things which are wont to be observd when a Swouning ends For we said that then the Heart was by little and little mov'd and did palpitate Therfore the Cause of Swouning was such as hindred the Motion of the Heart and which being overcome and conquerd Motion is restor'd unto it 78. If therfore we have given you the true Cause of the Motion of the Heart in short before in Chap. 26. Sect. 3. and in more words have explaind it in our first Disquisition of Fevers certainly then the Effervescency in the Heart Ceasing to Sense and the bursting forth of the Fiery Parts much Diminishd and the Rarefaction of the Universal Blood Deficient and therfore the Desir'd Motion and Pulse of the Heart will be attributed to the Glutinousnes or Acidity of Humors confusd with the Blood which is then actually renewd when at least in part the extreme force and harm of a Glutinous or sowr Humor is corrected or conquerd and that by Choler or any Aromatic Liquor mov'd to the Nostrils or rather pourd into the Mouth or lastly elswhere outwardly appli'd and piercing to the Heart or any other Fire or Fomentation of the Evil. 79. For then not only the Blood again rarefies more and more by Choler or Aromatics us'd successivly obtaining rule over a Glutinous and Sowr Humor but moreover Vapors or Wind are produc'd by all which the Ventricles of the Heart are again Open'd the drowfie and sluggish Animal Spirits are stird up and anon the same Veniricles are Foulded in and
taken that more intirely unites the Spirits with the Blood such as I judg every sharp and tart thing is whither also 3. among evident Causes great and especially permanent Sorrow and Fear of Mind 4. Sluggishness and Slothfulness and rest of Body 5. A loose Mind and not busied with any thing 6. An over-long and deep Sleep c. seem to contribute 8. If we could attain and conceiv clearly and distinctly how and by what means the Brain and Cerebellum are affected rightly to finish the Separation of the Animal Spirits perhaps we could with less difficulty determin what â—aild it when this Separation is deprav'd and lessned by the fault of it 9. Certainly he that granted that the utmost Substance of the Brain and Cerebellum was requir'd to be open and open enough whereby the most spirituous part of Blood might pierce and be as it were straind through it as I judge will grant that the same being more compact then is wonted is unfit for the mentioned percolation 10. The Coldness of Air Water or Snow vehemently affecting the head seems to confirm yea to prove this Cause from which not only a Stuffing in the Head but also a more sparing production of the Animal Spirits uses to follow And as we observ the Glandules of the Brain are affected and thickned in a Stuffing of the Head by Coldness not always very great so I think the Brain and Cerebellum are ill affected when the Separation of the Animal Spirits is diminisht by very great Cold compacting its soft substance and thickning and straitning it in its perous passages 11. And although I deny not that the Blood also tending to the Brain may be ill affected by an external great Cold yea that it is somtimes clotterd then in its Vessels yet in such a Clottering of Blood there will not only follow a diminisht Separation of the Animal Spirits but most of all the motion of the Blood hindred and after that an Inflammation and whatsoever very grievous thing uses to accompany such an Inflammation in the Head which yet is not always observd when the Separation of the Animal Spirits is hindred by cold whence it appears that the Head and Brain or Blood found in the Head is not always affected after the same manner by cold 12. And as External Cold that is that which produces cold in us and is found in the Air Water and Snow hinders the Separation of the Animal Spirits so Internal Cold that is whatsoever being in us breeds the Sense of Cold there to wit in the beginning of Intermitting Fevers seems in like manner to hinder the Separation of the Animal Spirits whence they that are taken with vehement feverish cold are for the most part unfit to perform the Animal Motion yea or any of the Animal Functions which I judg is by vapors carrid together with the Blood to the Head breeding cold and partly making the Blood unfit by its Tartnes to yield its Spiritous parts partly compacting the external substance of the Brain or straitning its hollow pores and so at least in part denying passage to the most Spiritous part of Blood 13. II. The Animal Spirits seem to be Separated more Plenteously from the Blood in Men vehemently mov'd in Body and Mind especially with Joy and Anger 14. The Cause of this Separation of the Animal Spirits increasd is to be sought and found somtimes in the Blood it self othertimes in the hollow Pores of the Brain and Cerebellum 15. When the same abounds in the Blood without Spiritous parts especially incident to strong Drink turgid with a volatil spirit being too liberally us'd and by serene and meanly hot Air it is made more fit for the separation of the spiritous parts especially when an over-swift motion of Body or grievous Passion of Mind happens driving all things in the Body out too vehemently such as are Joy and Anger before others exceeding mediocritie 16. By which the Blood is made not only most fit for a plenteous separation of the Spiritous part but the porous Hollowness or sinuous Pores become more open and therefore more convenient the easier to transmit a larger plenty of the Animal Spirits 17. III. The Animal Spirits are to be thought ill Affected or Deprav'd when 1. they are too much Stupid or Stirr'd or also wrong Mov'd when 2. they are Impure and Defil'd by any thing mixt with them beside nature 18. The Sleepiness or too much Agitation or Inordinat Motion of the Animal Spirits is most easily observ'd when the Animal Motion is together deprav'd as their Impurity and Defilement when the Internal aswel as External Senses are thence deprav'd 19. The Animal Spirits are Sleepy and unfit for Motion by a Narcotic Force mixt with them or by degrees bred in the Body or entred in from without somtimes by the Air inspir'd defil'd with the smoak of Coles othertimes by Medicinal Food especially spiritous wine making drunk or Medicins themselvs to wit Opium and all Opiats wrong that is immoderatly taken or apply'd in any respect 20. The Animal Spirits are too much Agitated and mov'd both by the very hot Air and Food very Spiritous us'd too plenteously but not in the greatest excess and by a continu'd Weariness of Body Watchings too long Protracted a persevering solicitude of Mind and over-vehement Anger 21. The Animal Spirits are Wrong Mov'd in Giddy people when oft Objects themselves oft the Place in which the Sick stands sits or lies oft the Sick himself oft all these together are believd to turn round and to go in a circuit about Hither also is the Disease to be referrd wherein the Sick not only Insants but also People of Years think that they are either actually tumbling down headlong and fall or at least are in danger of falling and tumbling headlong and ask that they may be taken hold on and kept against the feard tumbling headlong and fall 22. The Cause of the Giddy-Motion is somtimes External to wit an attent looking at any Object turnd round or also an attent looking at things very remote or high or deep othertimes Internal a dayly Turning about of the Body it self all which Causes are manifest beside which somtimes several are more hidden as the ascent of Vapors and Wind to the Head by which joynd to the Spiritous part of Blood and carri'd together with the Animal Spirits into the Passages of the Brain and Cerebellum the Motion of wheeling about by which they are mov'd is communicated to the Animal Spirits and so a Giddiness seems to be produc'd 23. Somtimes also the Animal Spirits are troubled the Mind being vehemently troubled and smitten especially with a panic and vane terror and being too much agitated they make the Body stagger and breed that fear of a Fall of which anon not yielding to any reason or reasoning 24. The Animal Spirits become Impure both by Air impure cloudy and defil'd by several exhalations of Plants ill smelld of themselvs or by burning
into the Mouth his Skin should be rubd with rough cloaths his Body should be expos'd to the Fire and heat of the Air but not to Cold seeing it is known that Numness is caus'd by External Cold. Yet does it not follow thence that Opium likewise producing Drowsiness ought to be esteem'd cold because the same effect may procede from several Causes diversly acting add that Opium is bitter being of a fat nature which they would have to be signs of Heat which thing is properly to be treated in Physics of the possession wherof although many glory hitherto have I found none who after the manner of the Mathematics compeld the assent of those that differd 46. The Animal Spirits being too much stird and mov'd may be compos'd and reduc'd to their natural and mild motion by amending or removing the Non-Natural Things occasioning too much motion that is by Changing the hot Air into a little cold by Diminishing the use of Spiritous Food and in their stead using those that may breed Phlegm a little tough by Granting rest to the weari'd Body and by Causing a mild Sleep by Anodins and when the Matter requires Narcotics by freeing the Mind from all anxious and biting solicitude and especially by resisting bitter Anger and by gaining to the Mind a pleasing tranquillity 47. Musical Sounds will mildly reduce the Spirits too much agitated to a decent and compos'd motion but Anodyns more potently and at length Narcotics us'd prudently that is by times and in a small quantity 48. The Animal Spirits turning round may be reduc'd into their order the External Causes being remov'd and Internal Causes being corrected lastly the Spirits themselvs being brought to some rest 49. Let the Sick therfore cease to look at Objects turnd round more Remote High and very Low let them cease to turn round their Body but rather let them do all their endeavour to get Sleep by Medicins often mentiond in this Chapter and elswhere prescrib'd in convenient forms 50. When the turning round and Giddiness of the Animal Spirits depends on occult Internal Causes without the noted manifest Causes then the Producing and Ascent of Vapors and Wind are to be hindred or suffocated or discussd 51. Their Production is hindred by Medicins that correct and lessen the Humors peccant in Acrimony and Glutinousness often propos'd before 52. Their Ascent is hindred chiefly by Anodyns and Narcotics often mentiond and commended 53. They may be suffocated by a liberal taking Decoctions prepar'd of more mild and grateful Aromatics 54. The same may be Discussd by Oils made by distillation of the Seeds especially that are commonly call'd and by Tinctures drawn by Infusion only of any parts of Aromatic Plants with the Rectifi'd Spirit of Wine or by a distillation following adding both Syrups and common Waters in a convenient quantity to make a more grateful tast Many of which Forms we have all over in this Book for Beginners sake 55. When the Animal Spirits with the Mind are troubled by a vain and panic Terror then as long as he is in his Senses endeavour that that Lymphatic fear so often deadly to many be turnd away by the weight of potent Reasons and Sleep anon banishing it be speedily brought by any helps and so by Narcotics themselvs for unless this be very speedily in a little time Physic will be late in preparing 56. The Animal Spirits made impure by External things will not be purifi'd unless they be remov'd seeing that the cause remaining the effect remains Remove therfore the Air any way defil'd and corrupted Food at least let the Man shun them who moreover should use Medicins amending and expessing the harm that is more or less entred into the Body 57. Where note 1. Harm receivd with the Air is more commodiously driven out by Sudorifics those taken with Food by Vomits and Purges 58. 2. Medicins that Amend may then also be profitably us'd when the mentiond Evacuations are instituted which also ought to be continu'd after these Evacuations are begun as not seldom before they are begun 59. Seeing that Volatil Salts are drawn from all the parts of Man by a light Art of which therfore I conclude they consist let it seem strange to none if I so often commend and praise Volatil mild Salts among the Medicins that Alter and Amend the deprav'd Humors of Man to which also I now deservedly attribute the first place in correcting and amending the harms by Air any way defil'd or bad Food communicated especially to the Body containd Nor doubt I but as many as now through unjust prejudice or mere petulancy blame or laugh at me so oft extolling Volatil Salts if any time they would experience how much those hâ—â—ed Salts may do to preserv and restore Mans Health that art now so hated or ridiculous to them being confus'd with shame they would blush not so much because of my words as the Gitts of God the Avenger despis'd and contemnd 60. Lastly When several Humors are ill affected by several Passions of Mind somwhat contrary together and potently agitating Man which very oft has place and so that manifold Vapors rais'd by their conflux and vitious Effervescency in the small Gut are carri'd to the Heart and Brain also and defile and make the Animal Spirits impure then 1. the immoderat Passions of Mind are to be Compos'd 2. The vitiated Humors are to be Corrected 3. The hurtful Vapors are to be Amended or Discuss'd 4. The Animal Spirits are to be Cleansd from their acquir'd Impurities And how all these ought to be obtaind is often told before where mild Volatil Salts may do very much whatsoever many Physicians noise and talk in this Belgia being ignorant of most natural things although puft up with an empty Title of Doctors and the practice of some years CHAP. XLII Of the Motion of the Animal Spirits through the Nervs Deprav'd 1. THe Animal Spirits being severd from the Blood in the Brain and Cerebellum are every whither carri'd by their continu'd Marrow as it were in a Pipe into the Nervs not only to exercise the External Senses and Animal Motion but moreover at least in my conjecture yea Opinion to temper any Humors Choler Spittle the Pancreatical or Melancholic Juice or Lympha of the Conglobated Glandul's and perhaps to afford the primary Matter to generate Seed 2. This Motion of the Animal Spirits through the Nervs according to Nature if I may be Judg is Continual and Equal but Changeable and Vnequal according to the divers Diseases of the Mind 3. This Motion of the Animal Spirits is deprav'd 1. when None or Fewer Spirits are mov'd through the Nervs then is wont 2. When More then ought or was expedient 3. When they move Vnequally Inordinatly or beside and against the Will to certain or all the parts 4. I. When No Animal Spirits are carri'd to the Organs of the External Senses or Animal Motion the mentiond Functions of Seeing Smelling Hearing Tasting Touching and the Sense of Heat as also of Motion in
Effervescency of Blood in the Right Ventricle of the Heart deprav'd Page 118 Chap. 20. Of the Motion of Blood through the Lungs deprav'd Page 146 Chap. 21. Of the Alteration of Blood by Air Inspir'd and Expir'd deprav'd Page 154 Chap. 22. Of the Inspiration of Air deprav'd Page 158 Chap. 23. Of the Expiration of Air deprav'd Page 169 Chap. 24. Of the Nourishment of the Lungs deprav'd Page 182 Chap. 25. Of the Perfection of Blood in the Left Ventricle of the Heart deprav'd Page 189 Chap. 26. Of the Motion of the Heart and Arteries or the Pulse deprav'd Page 191 Chap. 27. Of Fevers in General Page 197 Chap. 28. Of a Fever of One Day Page 206 Chap. 29. Of Synochal commonly call'd Containing Fevers Page 217 Chap. 30. Of Intermitting Fevers Page 240 Chap. 31. Of Synechal or Continual Fevers so especially call'd Page 287 Chap. 32. Of an Hectie Fever Page 290 Chap. 33. Of Malign Fevers Page 297 Chap. 34. Of a Vniversal Languishing as also of Swenning and the Syncope Page 300 Chap. 35. Of the Palpitation of the Heart Page 333 Chap. 36. Of the Flowing of Blood out of the Left Ventricle of the Heart through the great Artery to all the Part 's of the Body deprav'd Page 338 Chap. 37. Of the Nâ—urishment of all the Parts deprav'd and in special of an Atrophia or Pining Page 342 Chap. 38. Of an over-Fleshy and Fat Constitution of the Body Page 346 Chap. 39. Of a Cachâ—xie and in special Anasarca and Lâ—ucophlegmatia Page 348 Chap. 40. Of the Reslux of Blood through the Veins from all the Parts to the Right Ventricle of the Heart deprav'd and in special of an Inflammation Page 354 Chap. 41. Of the Generation and Separation of the Animal Spirits in the Brain and Cerebellum deprav'd Page 369 Chap. 42. Of the Motion of the Animal Spirits through the Nervs deprav'd Page 382 Chap. 43. Of the over-perfecting of Blood in the Spleen deprav'd Page 392 Chap. 44. Of the Generation of Choler deprav'd Page 396 Chap. 45. Of the Retention or Excretion of Choler in its Pag deprav'd Page 407 Chap. 46. Of the Motion of Choler to the Gut hindred and in especial of the Jauâ—dice Page 412 Chap. 47. Of the Mâ—tion of Choler to the Blood through the Liver deprav'd Page 43â— Chap. 48. Of the Mixing of Choler with the Blood in the Liver deprav'd Page 432 Chap. 49. Of the Preparation of Lympha of the Glandul's in the Conglobated or great Glandul's deprav'd Page 435 Chap. 50. Of the Motion of Glandulous Lympha through the Lymphatic Vâ—ssits and Thâ—râ—cie Passage to the left Juguler or Aâ—illâ—r Vein As also the Dropsie of the Brâ—â— Page 450 Chap. 51. Of the Preparation of Spittle in the Conglomerated or Clusterd as well upper as lower Glandul's of the Jaws deprav'd Page 456 Chap. 52. Of the Motion of Spittle into the Mouth and Gullet deprav'd Page 464 Chap. 53. Of the Generation of the Juice of the Pancreas deprav'd Page 466 Chap. 54. Of the Motion of the Juice of the Pancreas to the small Gut and its Effervescency with Choler deprav'd Page 474 Chap. 55. Of the Separation of Vrin in the Kidneys deprav'd Page 477 Chap. 56. Of the Descent of Vrin from the Kidneys through the Ureters and its Passage into the Bladder deprav'd Page 498 Chap. 57. Of the Retention of Vrin in the Bladder and its Excretion through the Vrethra deprav'd Page 500 Chap. 58. Of the Excretion of Sweat deprav'd Page 506 The Author and my Worthy Friend having both largely Epistoliz'd to this Work I think it needless to add farther save to let the Reader know that where he meets with â„¥ it signifies an Ounce Ê’ it signifies a Dram. ℈ it signifies a Scruple semis Half M. an Handful when plac'd in a Receipt M. Mix them when at the end of a Receipt Sp. Spirit Syr. Syrup The Authors Cholagogue Electuary Chap. 2 Sect. 46 Hydragogue Electuary Chap. 7 Sect. 55 Carminative Spirit Chap. 9 Sect. 29 Plaster Discussing Wind. Chap. 14 Sect. 58 Egregious Preservative Water Chap. 28 Sect. 31 Diascordium Chap. 58 Sect. 22 Of Oily Volatil Salt being so frequently commended in the most Chapters of this Book and kept as a Secret by the Author see my Advertisement at the end of the Book ERRATA PAge 8. Sect. 4. line 8. for there read thence P. 10. S. 16. l. 2. those things which P. 46. S. 10. Vomiting and its contracting Motion is turnd only in it self As P. 48. S. 22. Matter seeing it usually follows P. 126. S. 39. blot out Chap. 29 c. P. 144. S. 123. manifest them to P. 154. S. 3. read as Nitrous P. 163. S. 24. hence to the Right P. 187. S. 23. Inflamable The other small ones the Reader is desired to correct A New Idea of the Practice of PHYSICK The Distribution of the Work 1. IN our delivering a Practice of Physick for our Auditor's sake and profit compendiously and indeed not much unlike the Platerian Method we will first propose those Diseases which are more single seeing the knowledg of Compound and Complicated Ones is easilier opened if the former be known 2. And seeing Man's Health is manifâ—â—ted by the perfection of all his Functions and his Sickness by the hurt and deficiency thâ—reof we judg it fit to treat of the Diseases in order that are obvious to Physicians in practice according to the diversity of the Functions in Man that are hurt because they either constitute produce or follow them 3. All which serve either to preserve the Individual or to propagate our Kind 4. The Functions which are to preserve the Individual are well-divided into the Natural Functions sâ—rving to the various change of Food and the Animal Functions in the knowledg of any Things by the External and Internal Senses and hence consisting of the various motion of the Mind and Body 5. So we will distribute our Practice into three Books which shall treat of the Diseases belonging to I. The Natural II. The Animal Functions III. Those pertaining to Generation deprav'd 6. For rarely is one Function only hurt in the Sick but for the most part there are more hurt together Which if they depend one of another or of the same cause only the Sick shall be said to be troubled with only one Disease which has its denomination from the chief and most grievous or most notable Symptom but if they do not depend one of another and arise from divers causes then shall the Sick be said to be afflicted with divers Diseases and those of a differing Name 7. Those things which are received into Man to preserve Natural Life are either Meat to be swallowed or Air to be sucked in 8. Although there be the greatest necessity for such as Breath to suck in Air and Man cannot want Air so long as Food yet because breathing of Air seems to be ordained to alter Food in the right Ventricle of the Heart in some only nâ—t in every
most happily in a few weeks and hitherto hath livd sound Let none rashly carp or laugh at that which is commonly done by many conceited the reason whereof they know not 25. The Ill Nourishment of the Lungs may be Cur'd divers ways according to the diversity of the Humors then together peccant and producing that Depravation always adding those call'd Pectorals and friendly to the Lungs We have often before handled every Depravation of the Humors 26. I doubt how little Knobs arising in the Lungs and not easily known unless by conjecture very uncertain ought or may be Cur'd unless perhaps the more fixt Antimonial Medicins can do it being indued with an universal force of purifying Mans Body from all Harm and Impurity 27. If any would diminish the Encreasd Nourishment of the Lungs he ought to use Food somwh thicker and less spongy at least Sauces or Medicins that hinder stop or repress if it be lawful to say so the too great rarefying of food such as I think Pearl Coral Lacca Chalk c. are if they be seldom taken in a small quantity CHAP. XXV Of the Perfection of Blood in the Left Ventricle of the Heart Deprav'd 1. IT is known by the Circular Motion of Blood that Blood is driven forward to the parts of the Universal Body and so to the Lungs of which we have spoken in the preceding Chapter out of the Left Ventricle of the Heart Whence it is not undeservedly askt Wherein differs each Blood effus'd out of each Ventricle of the Heart To which I Answer It differs in this That 1. the Blood of the Left Ventricle gets a new Alteration in the Lungs by the Air Inspir'd And perhaps 2. somthing may come to the same Blood either from Spittle or from another Glandulous Liquor moistning the sharp Artery and mixing it self with the Blood together with the Air and so far also after a certain manner Altering and Tempering it 2. And I plainly doubt whether moreover any thing else happen to the Blood in the Left Ventricle of the Heart nor hitherto do's any notable Sign of it come into my Mind whence I may conclude it 3. Wherefore I can at present only assert this That the Blood going through the Artery and Vein of the Lungs and perhaps the middle substance of the Lungs comes out of the Left Ventricle of the Heart temperd less hot and rarefi'd and so more mild than out of the Right both by the Inspired Air or Spittle or any other Glandulous Liquor and that its Perfection seems to me to consist in this That its manifold Particles first potently Effervescing or Rarefi'd and much sundred from each other now being mildly Temperd and Condensd do again close more or less slackly and so they become more apt as well to Nourish the Containing Body as to produce several Humors in the Body and so to preserve Life 4. Therefore this Perfection of Blood is Deprav'd chiefly when the same Blood is too little or too much Temperd or also is too much Kindled and Rarefi'd or otherwise Corrupted by the Air Inspir'd or the Humors of the Body communicated to it with the same Of which see what is said in Chap. 21. 5. The Blood may be corrupted by the Inspir'd Air when it is much defil'd by any Wind or Exhalations whencesoever proceding and mixt with it and communicates its harm to the Blood carri'd through the Lungs whence the same harm divers ways infecting the whole Mass or its greater or less part by degrees is somtimes disperst every way other-times adheres to one part chiefly and manifests the force of its malignity in it as we have known it in the Pest and other Epidemic Diseases for the most part depending on the Air ill-affected 6. This Perfection of Blood is also deprav'd by the Humors mixt with it Ascending or Descending either Choler or Lympha or the Liquor arising from that Three-fold Sway in the Guts or also Chyle so far exceeding in an ill quality that it cannot again be Temperd Conveniently or Sufficiently by the Inspird Air. 7. We related in Chap. 21. how the most Depravations of Air Inspir'd are to be amended 8. We intend to tell you how the same Air defil'd and corrupted with a malign Quality ought to be corrected where we intend to treat of the Pest and Malign Fevers 9. Lastly By what way and means the Humors carri'd with the Blood to the Right Ventricle of the Heart and so far corrupting it that it cannot be enough temperd by the Inspired Air or other Humors mixt with it in the Lungs ought to be restor'd to former integrity is to be sought out of the Cure propos'd before of every kind of the nam'd Humors ill affected and still to be propos'd all over CHAP. XXVI Of the Motion of the Heart and Arteries or the Pulse Deprav'd 1. THe sides of the Ventricles of the Heart are by little and little Distended and Vnfolded by the Blood driven forward into them out of the Veins and its Earlets and that partly in Plenty partly and chiefly by the Rarefaction filling them again because of the Effervescency of it till the same Blood be pour'd out by their following Straitness into the Arteries annext to them which therefore are Laid open as a little after bound together and that by a Motion somtimes manifest to Feeling and Sight which is known among Physicians by the name of the Pulse 2. For by the Pulse the Physicians understand the two-fold opposite and contrary yea reciprocal Motions of Expansion and Contraction in the twofold parts mentiond according to its Sides or Tunicles And the Motion of Dilatation and Straitning according to the Cavity of the Ventricles of the Heart and Arteries 3. We think the Right Ventricle of the Heart is Displaid both by the Plenty of the Blood driven in and by the Largeness of it soon Rarefying by the Effervescency and the Left Ventricle by the Plenty of the over-hot and as yet boiling Blood howsoever more or less temperd in the Lungs by the Air Inspir'd and Both Ventricles are Straitned by the musculous Substance of the Heart contorted wonderfully like a writhd Shell contracted by the Animal Spirits filling its Fibres after the manner of the other Muscles 4. We also judge the Arteries are Displaid by the Blood Expelld by the Contraction of the Heart into Them and the same are again Straitned by the Animal Spirits filling their annular Fibres and Narrowing their Cavity 5. The Pulse is felt by Physicians not so much in the Heart it self as in the Arteries and especially in both Wrists where they are more manifest to the Sense of Touching Although the Pulse of the Arteries may be observd also about the Temples and moreover at the Neck as the Motion of the Heart by laying the hand on its Region chiefly when its Palpitation urges that cannot be enough distinctly known by the Pulsation of the Arteries or when a little or no Pulse is felt in the Wrist
and Weaker Pulse 51. The Pulse will be Less and more Languishing not only by the Defect but somtimes also the Excess of the fore-nam'd Humors For 1. the abundance of Blood call'd a Plethora hinders that the Blood by the defect of space and place cannot be expeld plenteously into the Arteries nor therfore the same be much and enough rarefi'd in the Right Ventricle of the Heart nor that the sides of the Heart can be much unfolded and again folded 52. Yea 2. Choler being carri'd in a greater plenty to the Heart especially in Burning Fevers doth not only rarefie the Blood more then is wonted and too potently with an over-great and strong Pulse but after it has at length filld all the spaces of the Vessels in that too great rarefaction by distending them and constituting the Plethora at or in the Vessels so call'd or to be call'd however it keep the hurtful Heat yet it cannot for want of Space spread out the Blood as before and produce a Great and Strong Pulse which is rather observd Less and Weaker gradually by the deficient Rarefaction of the Blood and the Explication and Complication of the Ventricles of the Heart till by any effusion of Blood there is a new Place prepar'd to receive the rest more rarefi'd together with a greater and stronger Pulse soon concurring 53. 3. The Lympha somwhat sowr if it com's in too great plenty to the Heart will also make the Pulse Less and so more Languishing because it will give a more firm and solid Consistency to the Blood then that it can be duly and enough rarefi'd sufficiently to dilate the Ventricles of the Heart whither a notable constriction may succede altogether necessary to make a Great and Strong Pulse 54. 4. The same is to be said of that Three-fold Liquor of the Small Guts if especially its office be to give to the Blood a natural coagulation depending on a somwhat tart sowr Liquor For when this is encreasd the Coagulation also of the Blood will be encreasd on the contrary its fitness to rarefie will be diminisht the Pulse will be diminisht and will also become Weaker 55. Seeing that a great plenty of laudable Air drawn into the Lungs cannot but be useful a Lesser or more Languishing Pulse cannot be expected nor derived from it 56. Yet 5. may the Pulse become Less and Weaker by Chyle carri'd to the Heart after any manner in a greater plenty in as much as it fills the Vessels of blood too much both effects encreases a Plethora 57. If both the Blood and other mentiond Humors carri'd with it to the Heart could produce a Less and more Languishing Pulse the quantity being either deficient or exceding certainly they will no less perform the same when they are peccant in an hurtful quality For 1. the Blood either too fluid or solid is unfit for its laudable Rarefaction which being deficient we have often already shown you that a Less and more Languishing Pulse follows 58. So 2. Choler Glutinous and not sharp enough will less effervesce and more sparingly send forth fiery parts whence the Blood will less rarefie and at length the Pulse will be Less and Weaker 59. 3. Lympha either too Sowr or Tart will not only render the Blood more glutinous and so less fit to rarefie but moreover will not only blunt Choler and its fiery parts whencesoever breaking forth and so will give occasion both for a Less and more languishing Pulse 60. 4. You may think and speak the same of the fore-namâ—d Three-fold Liquor either too sowr or Tart. 61. 5. The North and sharper Air conduceth much to coagulate the Blood much and hinder its Rarefaction 62. If 6. Food too Sowr or Tart be taken in the Chyle will also be made like it from which the noted inconveniences may be expected with a Less and Weaker Pulse 63. A Less and Weaker Pulse is caus'd also by other Things carried to the Heart beyond the Laws of Nature when the Humors are either corrupt in the Body or Vapors or Wind raisd by them or Poison piercing in at the Mouth Nostrils or Pores of the Skin or any other way into the Body come to the Heart together with the Blood and either too much loosen or dissolve or too much coagulate or curdle the Blood or render it unfit any other way for its due Rarefaction as we have before explaind at large 64. And that we may more closely apply all that we have hitherto premis'd to a Swouning and Syncope and deduce more clearly the Nature and Generation of both Diseases because in both the Pulse is not only observd Less and Weaker or None but the Animal Functions also Sense and Motion are not a little weakned let us see if and how so divers Diseases can be produc'd of one and the same Cause 65. The Symptoms therfore which are wont to be common to each Disease are to be considerd and distinguishd from those which are peculiar to a Syncope for a cold and glutinous Sweat breaks forth in a Syncope but not in a Swouning in which not so much as Coldness of the Vniversal Body is always observd although it be constant with a Syncope but the other Symptoms are often wont to be noted in each Disease Whence it is manifest that these Diseases do partly differ in degrees partly somthing more grievous uses to accompany a Syncope continually 66. If any examin with an attentive Mind all the Symptoms fore-mentiond as also the External or Manifest Causes and compare them with those which we have now deduc'd largly of a Less as well as Weaker Pulse he may easily conclude that each Disease and especially a Syncope do's chiefly arise from a sowr Liquor carri'd in a more large plenty to the Heart which obtains rule in the Blood not neglecting in the mean while the Glutinousness of several Humors 67. That this may be more evident we are pleas'd to weigh both the noted Symptoms and the mentiond Causes in order and for Younger Physitians sake especially Learners build all things on a sowr and glutinous Humor abounding 68. We have said the Sign of a Swouning at hand is for the most part 1. a Cardialgie or Tickling in the upper Orifice of the Stomach And what is more apt to stir up each of these Diseases than a sowr Humor Which if it be milder and ascend to the upper Orifice of the Stomach in the form of a Vapor will only tickle and gnaw the said part but if it be too sharp will bite the same and cause a troublesom Pain known by the name of Cardialgie 69. We added 2. that somtimes a Compression and Gaping of the Heart precedes Although the Compression of the Heart is caus'd by a Phlegmatic Humor both plenteous and glutinous and gaping from Flatulent Vapors yet because these Diseases are observd not to urge the Sick so perpetually as to infest them before the Swouning suddenly to follow therfore we must acknowledg
Motion no wonder if Sense and Motion oft-times remain in any part one or more Nervs being cut asunder in it although not a little Diminisht with some Stupidness and Numness of the Part. 30. Motion may be Restor'd to the Animal Spirits through the Nervs comprest 1. the Bands straitning them being loosned or remov'd 31. The over-Hard Tumors being Cur'd by Inciding Mollifying and Resolving or Ripening Medicins of which we intend to speak elswhere 32. 3. The tough and compact Humors being Cut Mollifi'd and Resolv'd or Deduc'd and drawn forth in the manner of imperfect Matter by Medicins describ'd in Chap. 40. Sect. 33 34 35 c. 50 c. Where I mind one thing to be added that Volatil Salts may be here externally us'd with great success if in the time of using them they be joind to Fomentations and Cataplasms or be mixt with Ointments in a small quantity whose incredible benefit such as are honest and fearing God will wonder and celebrate 33. If the Nervs may be Obstructed and be indeed noted Obstructed Volatil Salts will conduce before all others both Internally and Externally us'd and oft mentiond and prescrib'd by me in this Book 34. Both Internal Sudorifics chiefly Aromatic and External Inciders and Discussers among which I again mention Volatil Salts will Correct and Remove the Phlegmatic and Watry Humors sticking about the Nervs and too much moistning and loosening their Membran's and Marrow and if the same abound much in the Body Phlegmagogues and Hydragogues may conduce us'd by turns whose forms we have oft set down before 35. II. When the Animal Spirits are carri'd through the Nervs in greater plenty then ought and should be 1. By a vehement Passion of the Mind then it is to be compos'd at least to be reduc'd to Mediocrity and Sleep is to be had for the Body even by Narcotics when the Matter requires but us'd in a small quantity by turns 36. When the same happens 2. by a continual and grievous Irritation about the Head of the Spinal Marrow in a Universal Convulsion and indeed by 〈◊〉 Acid and Sharp Spirit carri'd thither from the small Gut then 1. the sowr Humors are to be amended 2. The rising of Vapors is to be hindred and 3. Their Acrimony is to be diminisht and temperd and 4. Their Expulsion by Sweat or Insensible Transpiration is to be procur'd then 5. The Part affected by them is to be restor'd and freed from Pain and 6. The over-Motion of the Animal Spirits is to be restraind and brought to tranquillity that is a more quieted Motion All which how they may be obtaind is oft mentiond before convenient Forms of Medicins being added 37. But when the noted Irritation in a Particular Convulsion is made in a sensible part or its Nerve of the Place affected by the same sowr and sharp Humor or Vapor then the fore-mentiond Remedies conduce unless that then Externals prepar'd with Aromatics and Volatil Salts may be together us'd with great success which likewise are oft propos'd 38. But when the same Particular Convulsion arises from a Prick of the Nerve or Tendon as it is known to be somtimes by the unskilfulness precipitancy or accident or troubled Mind of the Chirurgeon in opening a Vein then most speedily pour into the Wound the Oil of Turpentine hot with the rectifi'd Spirit of Wine as Ambrose Pare in the Ninth Book Chap. 38. wrote was done by his counsel with good success in Charles the Ninth King of France 39. If this be done too late or the Wound of the Nerve or Tendon yield not to this Medicin the same is to be cut asunder cross-ways seeing it is safer for some part that its action should perish then that the Sick should be expos'd to the danger of a deadly Convulsion 40. So when the Nervs or Tendons of the Muscles are prickt by sharp Splinters of Bones soon after a Particular and at length Vniversal Convulsion with grievous Pains succeding then if possible the extreme and sharp fragments of Bones are to be cut away or if this have been neglected or could not been done and all incline to a Universal Convulsion you must hasten to cut off the part affected in the most commodious place about the Fracture of the Bone seeing otherwise the Sick must die of necessity by a Universal Convulsion 41. When a sharp Pain raisd by an Inflammation or St. Anthonies Fire c. in a more sensible part of the Muscle occasions a Particular Convulsion then diligently Labour that that Pain be diminisht as well by Internal as External Anodyns or Narcotics also and their Cause whether Inflammation or St. Anthonies Fire c. be most speedily and pleasingly Cur'd not omitting in the mean time Medicins already mentiond useful to diminish and allay the over-encreasd Motion of the Animal Spirits 44. III. Seeing the more remote Cause in the Body of a Convulsive Motion and so of the Epilepsie it self differs not from the more remote Cause of a Convulsion unless in the manner of acting here continually there by turns fretting and irritating the beginning of the Nervs no wonder if for the most part these Diseases follow and are cur'd with the same Remedies mentiond in Sect. 36. 45. But a Convulsive Motion is wont for the most part to return by Intervals somtimes longer somtimes shorter and but seldom constantly to afflict and then to kill sooner not otherwise then a Convulsion which is wont for the most part to continue long 46. A Rational and Dogmatical Cure of a Forc'd Trembling depending on an Inordinate Perpetual Motion of the Animal Spirits made with force to the trembling parts ascrib'd to Wind and Vapors mixing with them and evilly stirring them up so may be orderd if 1. the Material and Efficient Cause both of Wind and Vapors be corrected by a convenient Alteration and if it be together peccant in quantity encreasd be diminisht by a Purge and somtimes Vomit Vrin or Sweat to which ends useful Medicins and their Forms may be found here and there 47. If 2. the production of the same Wind and Vapors be hindred by Medicins oft propos'd 48. If 3. the Wind and Vapors already bred and every-where occurring be discussd or compeld to fall by Medicins in like manner oft mentiond 49. If 4. The Animal Spirits forcâ—d to an Inordinate Involuntary and Impetuous Motion by them be by little and little freed from them and reduc'd to a calm ordinat and voluntary Motion Whereof the first may be by the most subtil volatil and spiritous Medicins promoting Sweat at least Insensible Transpiration and so expelling them forth but the latter by both Anodyn and Narcotic Medicins usâ—d in a small quantity and at times which two will not be inconvenient but expedient to be given together seeing that so these commended Medicins do the easier come to the place of the Animal Spirits and hurtful Vapors and Wind and the more happily absolv both Works wherof you may find many Forms
in this Book 50. The Trembling which is bred by a lighter irritation of the Nervs carrying the Animal Spirits to the Muscles may be Cur'd the same way as a Convulsive Motion of which we have already spoken CHAP. XLIII Of the Over-perfecting of Blood in the Spleen deprav'd 1. THat Blood is carri'd to the Spleen through the Arteries and the Animal Spirits through the Nervs and that Blood is again carri'd out from the Spleen through the Veins and Lympha through the Lymphatic Vessels may be known by Anatomical Experiments to any that Desire and cannot be unknown to those that put their hand to the Work and to ingenuous Searchers of Truth 2. And seeing that beside the 4 fold already mentiond kinds of Vessels there are no other observd hitherto that can carry any thing to the Spleen or out of the Spleen the natural Function of the Spleen is deservedly drawn from them and chiefly according to that in which they have receivd somthing peculiar 3. Like as we have long ago cleard by ocular inspection that the Short vessel so call'd is not a different Vessel from the branches of the Vein of the Spleen carrying Blood back from the Spleen and Stomach but carrying it to neither 4. The admirable Texture of the Nervous Fibres about the Ingress of all the Vessels in the Spleen detected in this age by diligent Anatomists doth not a little confirm my Conjecture of making the Blood there 〈◊〉 sâ—btil and spiritous and so over-perfecting it by the Animal Spirits plenteously coming thither 5. For seeing that the Spleen neither servs for Sense nor Motion it receivs the Animal Spirits in a notable plenty for an other end and for what other benefit unless that they be joynd to the Blood flowing thither and be intirely mixt and that they make it more subtil and spiritous then is wont that is more perfect and so over-perfect then the rest of the Blood which is already perfect 7. Nor hinders it that some cut out the Spleen from living Dogs for any Creature may live although its blood be not very spiritous For the Spleen seems not given to Creatures so simply for life as for a more commodious life as the Lungs together with the right Ventricle of the Heart are given to such only as Breath Add that it is not yet manifest whether the Dogs can long survive so without any detriment to their health 7. I therfore imagin this over-perfection of Blood absolvd in the Spleen not as yet overthrown but to be requir'd and depending on the Animal Spirits is deprav'd when it is either Diminisht or also oft Encreast seeing that Vertue consists in mediocrity 8. When the over-perfection of Blood in the Spleen is Diminisht there is fear least the whole Mass of Blood becom by degrees very Glutinous and Tough such as we so oft observe wonderful Crusty in this Belgia and too much cohering in its superficies so that it can scarce be divided with a sharp knife as on the contrary when the same over-perfection of Blood is Encreast there is fear least the Vniversal Blood becorn less Consistent and do not enough conjoyn and cohere unless on the contrary it be counterveild with a tart-like Sowr humor on which its natural Coagulation seems chiefly to depend For this very cause I judge that the Blood of the Spleen is joynd in the Liver not to Lympha going forward with the Descending Blood to the Heart and carrying with it the Sowr and Tart parts of the Humors but to Choler carri'd with the Ascending Blood to the Heart and hindring the Consistency of Humors 6. This over-perfection of the Blood of the Spleen brought by Me upon the stage seems to be Dinimisht 1. by the Defect of the Animal Spirits as well Vniversal of which we have spoken in Chap. 41. as moreover Particular in the Spleen because of its Nervs either Fewer or upon whatsoever account hindred in their work 10. 2. By the Blood more Glutinous and Viscous whence it is less apt to receive its over-perfection 11. 3. The over-perfection of Blood seems to be diminisht by the fault of the spleen ill affected For when the Blood coupled with the Animal Spirits pierces through the Vessels of the Spleen and receivs some change in them there is no doubt but that somthing is to be expected should come to it from the singular Substance of the Spleen For if its Substance be more solid and firmer the Blood will not only move slower c. more hindred through its Vessels but besides its attenuation and exaltation will be less prâ—moted 12. Contrarily the same Exaltation and Attenuation of Blood in the Spleen may be Encreasd 1. by the Vniversal or Particular abundance of Animal Spirits in the Spleen following many or great Nervs inserted in it 13. 2. By the Vniversal Blood Thinner and more Spiritous by an over-immoderat use of Spiritous and Aromatic Liquors 14. 3. By the over-Tender and Loos Substance of the Spleen not only giving the Vessels a free place but facilitating the attenuation and exaltation of the Blood 15. The Diminisht Exaltation and Over-perfection of â—lood in the Spleen by reason of the Vniversal Defect â—f the Animal Spirits may be Cur'd 1. by using strong â—nd Spiritous Drink enough fermented and so the spiâ—it of Wine and chiefly rectifi'd as well single as Aâ—omatical mixt with a Volatil Salt 16. A Particular Defect of the Animal Spirits in the Spleen by too few Nervs carri'd to it is Incurable but when the Nervs are hindred they are to be freed with subtil Medicins endued with an abstersive quality which no-where is more evident then in Volatil Salts hitherto so little known to the great prejudice of mortals and therfore so seldom us'd 17. 2. Nothing doth so cut and amend over-Gluâ—inous Viscous and Tough Blood as any Volatil Salt daily us'd at any time but chiefly at dinner and supper with wine or any other convenient liquor 18. 3. The over-solid and firm Substance of the Spleen may be made looser and more tender by the so oft mentiond Volatil Salts and more mild Aromatics continu'd for a longer time seeing every chronical and continu'd disease arises from a Phlegmatic Humor at least hath it conjoind to its Cause which yields easier sooner and safer to no remedy then to a Volatil Salt us'd according to art 19. But The Encreasd Exaltation of Blood in the Spleen 1. because of a Vniversal abundance of the Animal Spirits in the universal body may be Cur'd by Medicins somwhat Tart oft us'd according to art in a small quantity and by abstaining from the daily and notable use of too Strong Drink and so all Spiritous Liquors 20. The same when it proceeds only from great Nervs carrid to the Spleen I see not how the forementiond Medicins may be safely enough us'd unless in the least quantity 21. 2. The same Exaltation of Blood in the Spleen encreasd because of its over Thinness and Spiritousness by the