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manner_n a_o philosopher_n say_v to_o i_o i_o call_v ponderosity_n the_o interior_n principle_n which_o cause_v a_o stone_n to_o descend_v without_o any_o compulsive_a violence_n i_o shall_v willing_o grant_v the_o definition_n without_o contradiction_n because_o it_o lead_v i_o to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o what_o he_o desire_v to_o make_v i_o understand_v but_o i_o will_v deny_v that_o what_o be_v signify_v by_o the_o word_n gravity_n be_v any_o thing_n real_a in_o regard_n there_o be_v no_o such_o principle_n in_o stone_n i_o will_v explain_v this_o a_o little_a far_o because_o there_o be_v two_o great_a error_n commit_v in_o vulgar_a philosophy_n upon_o this_o subject_a for_o it_o confound_v the_o definition_n of_o the_o name_n with_o the_o definition_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o attribute_n to_o the_o former_a what_o only_o belong_v to_o the_o second_o for_o the_o philosopher_n have_v coin_v a_o infinite_a number_n not_o of_o name_n but_o of_o thing_n accord-to_a their_o own_o fancy_n 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and_o dark_a in_o the_o same_o which_o error_n will_v be_v avoid_v by_o the_o definition_n of_o the_o name_n thus_o the_o philosopher_n believe_v that_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o world_n more_o unquestionable_a than_o that_o fire_n be_v hot_a or_o that_o a_o stone_n be_v heavy_a and_o that_o it_o will_v be_v a_o folly_n to_o deny_v either_o which_o indeed_o they_o may_v make_v all_o the_o world_n believe_v so_o long_o as_o they_o forbear_v from_o the_o definition_n of_o name_n but_o when_o once_o they_o do_v that_o it_o will_v present_o appear_v what_o be_v obscure_a and_o what_o apparent_a in_o reference_n to_o those_o thing_n first_o than_o it_o be_v to_o be_v ask_v they_o what_o they_o mean_v by_o these_o word_n hot_a and_o ponderous_n for_o if_o they_o answer_v that_o by_o hot_a they_o
false_a though_o we_o may_v oppose_v certain_a instance_n wherein_o they_o may_v stray_v from_o the_o truth_n but_o to_o be_v satisfy_v if_o they_o may_v be_v extend_v from_o other_o beyond_o their_o just_a limit_n that_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v take_v too_o rigorous_o according_a to_o the_o letter_n 2._o observation_n there_o be_v some_o proposition_n that_o ought_v to_o pass_v for_o metaphysical_o universal_a though_o they_o may_v admit_v of_o exception_n that_o be_v when_o those_o exception_n be_v exotic_a and_o such_o as_o according_a to_o common_a use_n be_v not_o comprehend_v in_o those_o universal_a term_n as_o when_o i_o say_v all_o man_n have_v two_o arms._n this_o proposition_n ought_v to_o pass_v for_o true_a according_a to_o ordinary_a use_n and_o it_o will_v be_v but_o mere_a brangle_v to_o oppose_v against_o it_o that_o there_o have_v be_v monster_n who_o be_v man_n though_o they_o have_v four_o arms._n it_o being_n plain_a that_o there_o be_v nothing_o intend_v concern_v monster_n in_o these_o general_a proposition_n and_o that_o the_o only_a meaning_n of_o the_o assertion_n be_v that_o according_a to_o the_o order_n of_o nature_n all_o man_n have_v two_o arms._n in_o like_a manner_n it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o all_o man_n make_v use_v of_o word_n to_o express_v their_o thought_n but_o that_o all_o man_n do_v not_o make_v use_n of_o writing_n nor_o will_v it_o be_v a_o rational_a objection_n to_o contradict_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o proposition_n by_o instance_v dumb_a people_n because_o it_o be_v evident_a though_o the_o sense_n be_v not_o express_v in_o word_n that_o it_o be_v not_o mean_v of_o such_o as_o have_v a_o natural_a impediment_n to_o make_v use_n of_o sound_n either_o clude_v it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o speak_v of_o another_o sort_n of_o knowledge_n which_o ofttimes_o be_v no_o less_o certain_a nor_o less_o evident_a in_o its_o manner_n then_o that_o which_o we_o draw_v from_o authority_n for_o there_o be_v two_o general_a way_n by_o which_o we_o know_v a_o thing_n to_o be_v true_a the_o first_o be_v the_o knowledge_n which_o we_o have_v by_o ourselves_o whether_o we_o have_v attain_v it_o by_o observation_n or_o ratiocination_n whether_o by_o our_o sense_n or_o by_o our_o reason_n which_o may_v be_v general_o term_v reason_n in_o regard_n the_o sense_n themselves_o depend_v upon_o the_o judgement_n of_o reason_n or_o knowledge_n the_o word_n be_v here_o more_o general_o take_v than_o in_o the_o school_n for_o all_o manner_n of_o knowledge_n of_o a_o object_n draw_v from_o the_o same_o object_n the_o other_o way_n be_v the_o authority_n of_o person_n worthy_a of_o credit_n who_o assure_v we_o that_o a_o thing_n be_v so_o though_o of_o ourselves_o we_o know_v nothing_o of_o it_o which_o be_v call_v faith_n or_o belief_n according_a to_o the_o word_n of_o st._n austin_n for_o what_o we_o know_v we_o owe_v to_o reason_n for_o what_o we_o believe_v to_o authority_n but_o as_o this_o authority_n may_v be_v of_o two_o sort_n either_o from_o god_n or_o man_n so_o there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o faith_n divine_a and_o human._n divine_a faith_n can_v be_v subject_a to_o error_n because_o that_o god_n can_v neither_o deceive_v we_o nor_o be_v deceive_v human_a faith_n be_v of_o its_o self_n subject_n to_o error_n for_o all_o man_n be_v liar_n according_a to_o scripture_n and_o because_o it_o may_v happen_v that_o he_o who_o shall_v assure_v we_o of_o the_o certainty_n of_o a_o thing_n may_v be_v deceive_v himself_o nevertheless_o as_o we_o have_v already_o observe_v there_o be_v some_o thing_n which_o we_o know_v not_o but_o by_o a_o human_a faith_n which_o nevertheless_o we_o ought_v to_o believe_v for_o as_o certain_a and_o unquestionable_a as_o if_o they_o be_v mathematical_o demonstrate_v as_o that_o which_o be_v know_v by_o the_o constant_a relation_n of_o so_o many_o person_n that_o it_o be_v moral_o impossible_a they_o shall_v ever_o have_v conspire_v to_o affirm_v the_o same_o thing_n if_o they_o be_v not_o true_a for_o example_n man_n have_v be_v natural_o most_o averse_a from_o conceive_v any_o antipode_n nevertheless_o though_o we_o never_o be_v in_o those_o place_n and_o know_v nothing_o of_o any_o antipode_n but_o by_o human_a faith_n he_o must_v be_v a_o fool_n that_o do_v not_o believe_v '_o they_o and_o he_o must_v be_v out_o of_o his_o wit_n who_o question_n whether_o ever_o there_o be_v any_o such_o person_n as_o caesar_n pompey_n cicero_n or_o virgil_n or_o whether_o they_o be_v not_o feign_a name_n as_o amadis_n de_fw-fr gaul_n true_a it_o be_v that_o it_o be_v a_o difficult_a thing_n to_o know_v when_o human_a faith_n have_v attain_v to_o this_o same_o assurance_n and_o this_o be_v that_o which_o lead_v man_n astray_o into_o two_o such_o opposite_a deviation_n so_o that_o some_o believe_v too_o slight_o upon_o the_o least_o report_n other_o ridiculous_o make_v use_v of_o all_o the_o force_n of_o their_o wit_n to_o annul_v the_o belief_n of_o thing_n attest_v by_o the_o great_a authority_n when_o it_o thwart_v the_o prejudice_n of_o their_o understanding_n and_o therefore_o certain_a limit_n be_v to_o be_v assign_v which_o faith_n must_v exceed_v to_o obtain_v this_o assurance_n and_o other_o beyond_o which_o there_o be_v nothing_o but_o uncertainty_n leave_v in_o the_o middle_a a_o certain_a space_n where_o we_o shall_v meet_v with_o certainty_n or_o uncertainty_n as_o we_o approach_v near_o to_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o of_o these_o bound_n now_o than_o if_o we_o do_v but_o compare_v the_o two_o general_a way_n by_o which_o we_o believe_v a_o thing_n to_o be_v true_a reason_n and_o faith_n certain_a it_o be_v that_o faith_n always_o suppose_v some_o reason_n for_o as_o st._n austin_n say_v in_o his_o 122._o epistle_n and_o in_o several_a other_o place_n we_o can_v never_o bring_v ourselves_o to_o believe_v that_o which_o be_v above_o our_o reason_n if_o reason_n itself_o have_v not_o persuade_v we_o that_o there_o be_v some_o thing_n which_o we_o do_v well_o to_o believe_v though_o we_o be_v not_o capable_a to_o apprehend_v they_o which_o be_v principal_o true_a in_o respect_n of_o divine_a faith_n for_o true_a reason_n teach_v we_o that_o god_n be_v truth_n itself_o he_o can_v deceive_v we_o in_o what_o he_o reveal_v to_o we_o concern_v his_o nature_n and_o his_o mystery_n whence_o it_o appear_v that_o though_o we_o be_v oblige_v to_o captivate_v our_o understanding_n in_o obedience_n to_o faith_n as_o say_v st._n paul_n yet_o we_o do_v it_o neither_o blind_o nor_o unreasonable_o which_o be_v the_o original_n of_o all_o false_a religion_n but_o with_o a_o knowledge_n of_o the_o cause_n and_o for_o that_o it_o be_v but_o a_o reasonable_a act_n to_o captivate_v ourselves_o to_o the_o authority_n of_o god_n when_o he_o have_v give_v we_o sufficient_a proof_n such_o as_o be_v his_o miracle_n and_o other_o prodigious_a accident_n which_o oblige_v we_o to_o believe_v that_o he_o himself_o have_v discover_v to_o man_n the_o truth_n which_o we_o be_v to_o believe_v as_o certain_a it_o be_v in_o the_o second_o place_n that_o divine_a faith_n ought_v to_o have_v a_o great_a power_n over_o our_o understanding_n then_o our_o own_o reason_n and_o that_o upon_o this_o dictate_v of_o reason_n itself_o that_o the_o more_o certain_a be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o the_o less_o certain_a and_o that_o be_v more_o certain_a which_o god_n assure_v we_o to_o be_v true_a then_o that_o which_o reason_n persuade_v we_o when_o it_o be_v more_o contrary_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o god_n to_o deceive_v we_o than_o the_o nature_n of_o our_o own_o reason_n to_o be_v deceive_v chap._n xiii_o certain_a rule_n for_o the_o guidance_n of_o reason_n the_o belief_n of_o event_n that_o depend_v upon_o human_a faith_n the_o most_o customary_a use_n of_o sound_a judgement_n and_o that_o faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n by_o which_o we_o discern_v truth_n from_o falsehood_n be_v not_o employ_v in_o speculative_a science_n about_o which_o so_o few_o person_n be_v oblige_v to_o spend_v their_o time_n and_o yet_o there_o be_v no_o occasion_n wherein_o it_o be_v more_o frequent_o to_o be_v make_v use_n of_o and_o where_o it_o be_v more_o necessary_a than_o in_o that_o judgement_n which_o we_o ought_v to_o make_v of_o what_o pass_v every_o day_n among_o men._n i_o do_v not_o speak_v of_o judge_v whether_o a_o action_n be_v good_a or_o bad_a worthy_a of_o applause_n or_o reproof_n for_o that_o belong_v to_o the_o regulation_n of_o morality_n but_o of_o judge_v of_o the_o truth_n or_o falsehood_n of_o human_a event_n which_o may_v only_o be_v refer_v to_o logic_n whether_o we_o consider_v they_o as_o past_a as_o when_o we_o only_o endeavour_v to_o know_v whether_o we_o ought_v to_o believe_v they_o or_o not_o or_o whether_o we_o consider_v they_o as_o be_v to_o come_v
word_n more_o than_o the_o thing_n for_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o though_o man_n have_v frequent_o different_a idea_n of_o the_o same_o thing_n nevertheless_o they_o make_v use_v of_o the_o same_o word_n to_o express_v they_o as_o the_o idea_n which_o a_o heathen_a philosopher_n have_v of_o virtue_n be_v not_o the_o same_o which_o a_o divine_a have_v yet_o both_o express_v their_o idea_n by_o the_o same_o word_n virtue_n moreover_o the_o same_o man_n at_o different_a age_n have_v consider_v the_o same_o thing_n after_o very_o different_a manner_n and_o yet_o they_o have_v rammass_v all_o these_o idea_n under_o one_o name_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o in_o pronounce_v the_o word_n or_o hear_v it_o pronoun'cd_v a_o man_n be_v present_o confound_v apprehend_v the_o word_n sometime_o according_a to_o one_o idea_n sometime_o according_a to_o another_o for_o example_n a_o man_n understanding_n that_o he_o have_v something_o within_o he_o whatever_o it_o be_v which_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o his_o nourishment_n and_o growth_n have_v call_v it_o a_o soul_n and_o have_v extend_v this_o idea_n not_o only_o to_o what_o resemble_v it_o in_o animal_n but_o in_o plant_n and_o perceive_v also_o that_o he_o have_v thought_n he_o have_v call_v this_o principle_n of_o thought_n by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o soul_n whence_o it_o have_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o by_o this_o resemblance_n of_o the_o name_n he_o have_v take_v for_o the_o same_o thing_n the_o principle_n of_o thought_n and_o the_o principle_n of_o nourishment_n and_o growth_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o name_n of_o life_n be_v give_v to_o that_o faculty_n from_o whence_o the_o animal_n function_n proceed_v as_o also_o the_o cogitative_a faculty_n which_o be_v two_o thing_n absolute_o different_a thus_o these_o word_n sense_n and_o sensation_n when_o they_o be_v speak_v of_o any_o of_o the_o five_o sense_n be_v vehement_o pester_v with_o equivocation_n for_o three_o thing_n happen_v to_o we_o when_o we_o make_v use_v of_o our_o sense_n as_o 1._o when_o we_o see_v any_o thing_n there_o be_v a_o motion_n in_o the_o corporeal_a organ_n as_o the_o brain_n and_o eye_n 2._o these_o motion_n give_v a_o occasion_n to_o the_o soul_n to_o perceive_v something_o as_o when_o by_o the_o motion_n first_o begin_v in_o the_o eye_n by_o the_o reflection_n of_o the_o light_n in_o the_o fall_a rain_n oppose_v to_o the_o sunbeam_n it_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o red_a blue_a and_o yellow_a 3._o we_o make_v a_o judgement_n of_o what_o we_o see_v and_o thus_o we_o judge_v these_o colour_n to_o belong_v to_o the_o rainbow_n which_o we_o pronounce_v to_o be_v of_o such_o a_o magnitude_n of_o such_o a_o figure_n and_o at_o such_o a_o distance_n from_o we_o of_o these_o three_o the_o first_o only_o belong_v to_o the_o body_n the_o other_o two_o sole_o to_o the_o mind_n however_o by_o occasion_n of_o what_o be_v perform_v in_o the_o body_n nevertheless_o we_o comprehend_v all_o these_o three_o thing_n under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o sense_n or_o sensation_n of_o the_o sight_n or_o hear_v for_o when_o we_o say_v the_o eye_n see_v or_o the_o ear_n hear_v it_o can_v be_v understand_v but_o according_a to_o the_o corporeal_a organ_n it_o be_v apparent_a that_o the_o eye_n do_v not_o apprehend_v the_o object_n which_o it_o see_v nor_o judge_v of_o '_o they_o on_o the_o other_o side_n we_o do_v not_o say_v we_o have_v see_v such_o a_o one_o if_o the_o mind_n call_v off_o by_o another_o object_n have_v not_o make_v reflection_n upon_o the_o person_n that_o present_v himself_o before_o our_o eye_n and_o then_o we_o take_v the_o word_n see_v for_o the_o think_v form_v in_o our_o mind_n in_o pursuit_n of_o what_o pass_v in_o our_o eye_n and_o in_o our_o brain_n and_o according_a to_o this_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n see_v it_o be_v the_o soul_n and_o not_o the_o body_n which_o see_v as_o plato_n maintain_v and_o cicero_n after_o he_o for_o indeed_o say_v he_o we_o do_v not_o now_o behold_v with_o our_o eye_n the_o thing_n which_o we_o see_v for_o there_o be_v no_o sense_n in_o the_o body_n there_o be_v as_o it_o be_v certain_a passage_n make_v from_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o soul_n to_o the_o eye_n the_o ear_n and_o nose_n and_o therefore_o see_v often_o interrupt_v either_o by_o some_o thought_n or_o the_o force_n of_o some_o disease_n we_o neither_o hear_v nor_o see_v with_o open_a or_o entire_a eye_n or_o ear_n whence_o we_o may_v easy_o apprehend_v that_o the_o soul_n both_o hear_v and_o see_v not_o those_o part_n which_o be_v but_o as_o the_o window_n of_o the_o soul_n in_o short_a we_o take_v those_o word_n sensation_n of_o sight_n hear_v etc._n etc._n for_o the_o last_o of_o these_o three_o thing_n that_o be_v for_o the_o judgement_n which_o the_o soul_n make_v in_o pursuance_n of_o the_o preception_n it_o have_v make_v by_o occasion_n of_o what_o pass_v in_o the_o corporeal_a organ_n as_o when_o we_o say_v the_o sense_n be_v deceive_v at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o we_o see_v a_o crooked_a stick_n so_o appear_v in_o the_o water_n or_o the_o sun_n but_o two_o foot_n in_o diameter_n for_o it_o be_v certain_a there_o can_v be_v no_o error_n or_o falsity_n neither_o in_o those_o thing_n that_o happen_v in_o the_o corporeal_a organ_n nor_o in_o the_o bare_a perception_n of_o the_o soul_n which_o be_v only_o a_o simple_a apprehension_n but_o the_o error_n proceed_v from_o hence_o that_o we_o judge_v amiss_o in_o conclude_v that_o the_o sun_n be_v but_o two_o foot_n in_o diameter_n in_o regard_n that_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o vast_a distance_n from_o we_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o image_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o be_v form_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v near_o at_o hand_n of_o the_o same_o bigness_n which_o a_o object_n of_o two_o foot_n will_v form_v at_o a_o distance_n more_o proportionable_a to_o our_o manner_n of_o sight_n but_o because_o we_o have_v make_v this_o judgement_n in_o our_o youth_n and_o for_o that_o we_o be_v so_o much_o accustom_a to_o it_o that_o it_o be_v make_v at_o the_o same_o instant_a that_o we_o see_v the_o sun_n without_o any_o examination_n hardly_o we_o attribute_v it_o to_o the_o sight_n and_o we_o say_v we_o see_v the_o object_n little_a or_o great_a as_o they_o be_v near_o or_o more_o distant_a from_o we_o though_o it_o be_v indeed_o the_o mind_n not_o the_o eye_n that_o judge_n of_o their_o smallness_n or_o magnitude_n all_o language_n be_v full_a of_o word_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n which_o not_o have_v any_o more_o than_o one_o sound_n be_v nevertheless_o the_o signification_n of_o idea_n altogether_o different_a but_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o when_o a_o equivocal_a word_n signify_v two_o thing_n which_o have_v no_o relation_n one_o to_o another_o and_o which_o man_n have_v never_o confound_v in_o their_o thought_n it_o be_v almost_o impossible_a that_o man_n shall_v thereby_o be_v deceive_v or_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o error_n for_o the_o equivocal_a word_n aries_n a_o ram_n which_o signify_v both_o a_o certain_a creature_n and_o a_o sign_n in_o the_o zodiac_n shall_v never_o impose_v upon_o a_o person_n that_o have_v but_o a_o grain_n of_o common_a sense_n whereas_o it_o be_v a_o difficult_a thing_n not_o to_o be_v deceive_v when_o the_o equivocation_n arise_v from_o the_o error_n of_o man_n who_o have_v regligent_o confound_v different_a idea_n as_o in_o the_o word_n soul_n for_o we_o take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o they_o who_o first_o make_v use_v of_o those_o word_n do_v inquire_v into_o their_o signification_n and_o so_o it_o suffice_v we_o to_o pronounce_v they_o without_o ever_o examine_v whether_o the_o idea_n which_o we_o have_v of_o it_o be_v clear_a and_o distinct_a nay_o sometime_o we_o attribute_v those_o thing_n to_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o same_o word_n which_o fall_v not_o but_o upon_o idea_n of_o thing_n altogether_o incompatible_a not_o perceive_v that_o we_o have_v confound_v two_o different_a thing_n under_o the_o same_o word_n chap._n xi_o of_o the_o remedy_n of_o confusion_n in_o our_o thought_n and_o ratiocination_n arise_v from_o the_o confusion_n of_o word_n of_o the_o benefit_n of_o define_v word_n and_o of_o the_o difference_n between_o the_o definition_n of_o thing_n and_o name_n the_o best_a way_n to_o avoid_v the_o confusion_n of_o word_n which_o we_o find_v in_o different_a language_n be_v to_o make_v a_o new_a language_n and_o to_o coin_v new_a word_n to_o belong_v only_o to_o those_o idea_n which_o they_o be_v assign_v to_o signify_v to_o which_o purpose_n there_o be_v no_o necessity_n to_o frame_v new_a sound_n of_o word_n because_o we_o may_v make_v use_n of_o such_o as_o be_v usual_o practise_v look_v upon_o they_o as_o if_o
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this_o world_n the_o wicked_a be_v advance_v to_o the_o end_n that_o fall_v from_o on_o high_a their_o fall_n may_v be_v the_o great_a they_o can_v because_o they_o think_v they_o can_v such_o a_o prince_n be_v unfortunate_a because_o he_o be_v not_o bear_v under_o such_o a_o planet_n under_o these_o sort_n of_o proposition_n may_v be_v also_o reduce_v those_o which_o be_v call_v reduplicatives_n man_n as_o man_n be_v rational_a king_n as_o king_n be_v subject_a to_o none_o but_o god_n that_o these_o proposition_n be_v true_a it_o be_v require_v that_o one_o of_o the_o part_n shall_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o other_o whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o both_o be_v true_a for_o that_o which_o be_v false_a be_v no_o cause_n nor_o have_v it_o any_o cause_n why_o it_o shall_v be_v yet_o both_o part_n may_v be_v true_a when_o the_o causal_n be_v false_a thus_o a_o prince_n may_v be_v unfortunate_a and_o bear_v under_o such_o a_o planet_n though_o it_o be_v false_a that_o he_o be_v 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affirm_v it_o agree_v with_o something_o else_o 3._o by_o allege_v it_o agree_v with_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o thus_o this_o proposition_n only_a virtue_n be_v true_a nobility_n it_o may_v be_v contradict_v 1._o that_o virtue_n do_v not_o make_v any_o one_o noble_a 2._o that_o birth_n render_v a_o man_n noble_a as_o well_o as_o virtue_n 3._o that_o birth_n ennoble_v a_o man_n and_o not_o virtue_n so_o the_o maxim_n of_o the_o academic_n this_o be_v only_o certain_a that_o there_o be_v nothing_o certain_a be_v various_o contradict_v by_o the_o dogmatics_n and_o the_o pyrrhonian_n for_o the_o dogmatics_n deny_v it_o by_o maintain_v that_o it_o be_v double_o false_a because_o there_o be_v many_o thing_n that_o we_o know_v most_o certain_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o true_a that_o we_o be_v certain_a that_o we_o know_v nothing_o and_o the_o pyrrhonian_n aver_v that_o it_o be_v false_a for_o the_o contrary_a reason_n that_o every_o thing_n be_v so_o uncertain_a that_o it_o be_v uncertain_a whether_o any_o thing_n be_v certain_a and_o therefore_o there_o be_v a_o defect_n of_o judgement_n in_o what_o lucan_n speak_v of_o the_o druid_n because_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n that_o only_o the_o druid_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o truth_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o god_n or_o that_o they_o shall_v only_o be_v in_o a_o error_n for_o in_o regard_n there_o be_v sundry_a error_n concern_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o god_n it_o may_v well_o be_v that_o though_o the_o druid_n have_v different_a thought_n concern_v the_o god_n from_o those_o of_o other_o nation_n they_o be_v no_o less_o in_o a_o error_n than_o other_o nation_n here_o it_o be_v also_o to_o be_v observe_v that_o there_o be_v proposition_n which_o be_v exclusive_a in_o sense_n though_o the_o exclusion_n be_v not_o express_v as_o in_o this_o verse_n of_o virgil_n where_o the_o exclusion_n be_v mark_v out_o una_fw-la salus_fw-la victis_fw-la nullam_fw-la sperare_fw-la salutem_fw-la thus_o lucky_o translate_v into_o french_a where_o the_o exclusion_n be_v understand_v le_fw-fr salut_fw-fr des_fw-fr vaincus_fw-fr est_fw-fr de_fw-fr n'en_fw-fr point_fw-fr attendre_fw-fr the_o safety_n of_o the_o vanquish_a be_v not_o to_o expect_v it_o nevertheless_o it_o be_v more_o usual_a in_o the_o latin_a then_o french_a to_o suppress_v exclusion_n so_o that_o there_o be_v some_o passage_n not_o to_o be_v translate_v with_o all_o their_o force_n without_o make_v exclusive_a proposition_n though_o in_o the_o latin_a the_o exclusion_n be_v not_o mark_v thus_o 2_o cor._n 10._o 17._o qui_fw-la gloriatur_fw-la glorietur_fw-la domino_fw-la aught_o to_o be_v thus_o translate_v whoever_o rejoice_v let_v he_o rejoice_v in_o the_o lord_n gal._n 6._o 7._o quae_fw-la seminaverit_fw-la homo_fw-la haec_fw-la &_o metet_fw-la a_o man_n shall_v reap_v no_o more_o than_o what_o he_o have_v sow_v ephes_n 4._o 5._o vnus_fw-la dominus_fw-la una_fw-la fides_fw-la unus_fw-la baptismus_fw-la there_o be_v but_o one_o god_n but_o one_o faith_n but_o one_o baptism_n mat._n 5._o 46._o si_fw-mi diligitis_fw-la eos_fw-la qui_fw-la vos_fw-la diligunt_fw-la quam_fw-la mercedem_fw-la habebitis_fw-la if_o you_o love_v only_o those_o that_o love_v you_o what_o recompense_n shall_v you_o deserve_v seneca_n in_o his_o troas_n nullas_fw-la habet_fw-la spes_fw-la troja_n si_fw-la tale_n habet_fw-la if_o troy_n have_v no_o other_o hope_n then_o this_o it_o have_v none_o at_o all_o as_o if_o the_o latin_a have_v say_v si_fw-la tantum_fw-la tale_n habet_fw-la 2._o of_o exceptives_n exceptives_n be_v those_o where_o a_o thing_n be_v affirm_v of_o the_o whole_a subject_n except_o some_o one_o of_o the_o inferior_n of_o the_o subject_a by_o add_v a_o particle_n of_o exception_n which_o denote_v that_o what_o be_v predicate_v do_v not_o agree_v with_o that_o inferior_a which_o visible_o include_v two_o judgement_n and_o render_v those_o proposition_n compose_v in_o sense_n as_o if_o i_o shall_v say_v none_o of_o the_o sect_n of_o the_o
believe_v that_o epicurus_n do_v not_o place_v chief_a happiness_n in_o bodily_a pleasure_n and_o it_o shall_v be_v say_v to_o he_o that_o only_a epicurus_n place_v chief_n happiness_n in_o pleasure_n if_o the_o other_o bare_o deny_v it_o without_o add_v any_o other_o thing_n it_o will_v be_v in_o full_a declaration_n of_o his_o sense_n because_o a_o man_n may_v have_v reason_n to_o believe_v upon_o that_o bare_a negation_n that_o he_o still_o believe_v that_o epicurus_n place_v his_o chief_a happiness_n in_o pleasure_n but_o that_o he_o be_v not_o the_o only_a person_n who_o be_v of_o that_o opinion_n also_o if_o a_o person_n shall_v ask_v i_o know_v the_o integrity_n of_o a_o judge_n whether_o he_o still_o sell_v justice_n i_o can_v not_o answer_v bare_o no._n for_o that_o such_o a_o no_o will_v only_o signify_v that_o he_o do_v not_o still_o sell_v justice_n but_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o other_o be_v leave_v to_o believe_v that_o he_o have_v former_o do_v it_o which_o show_v we_o that_o there_o be_v some_o proposition_n to_o which_o it_o will_v be_v unjust_a to_o require_v a_o bare_a answer_n by_z yes_o or_o no_o for_o that_o when_o they_o include_v two_o sense_n a_o true_a answer_n can_v be_v give_v but_o by_o explain_v both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o chap._n ix_o observation_n to_o find_v out_o the_o predicate_v and_o subject_n in_o proposition_n express_v after_o a_o less_o usual_a manner_n certain_o it_o be_v a_o defect_n of_o vulgar_a logic_n that_o it_o do_v not_o accustom_v young_a beginner_n to_o understand_v the_o nature_n of_o proposition_n or_o argument_n but_o according_a to_o the_o order_n and_o form_n which_o be_v use_v in_o the_o school_n which_o be_v frequent_o different_a from_o what_o we_o find_v in_o the_o write_n of_o other_o whether_o in_o oratory_n morality_n or_o any_o other_o of_o the_o science_n and_o therefore_o they_o have_v no_o other_o idea_n of_o a_o subject_a or_o a_o attribute_n but_o that_o the_o one_o be_v the_o first_o term_n of_o the_o proposition_n and_o the_o â—he_v other_o the_o latter_a and_o of_o universality_n and_o particularity_n but_o that_o there_o be_v in_o the_o â—ne_n all_o or_o none_n and_o in_o the_o other_o some_o whereas_o all_o these_o thing_n be_v subject_a to_o frequent_v error_n and_o it_o require_v judgement_n to_o discern_v these_o thing_n in_o several_a proposition_n let_v we_o begin_v with_o the_o subject_a and_o attribute_n the_o only_a and_o true_a rule_n be_v to_o observe_v by_o the_o sense_n of_o what_o a_o thing_n be_v affirm_v and_o what_o be_v affirm_v be_v this_o for_o the_o first_o be_v always_o the_o subject_a and_o the_o latter_a the_o predicate_a however_o dispose_v in_o order_n thus_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o common_a than_o these_o sort_n of_o proposition_n it_o be_v a_o shameful_a thing_n to_o be_v a_o slave_n to_o lust_n where_o by_o the_o sense_n it_o be_v visible_a that_o a_o shameful_a thing_n be_v that_o which_o be_v affirm_v and_o consequent_o the_o predicate_a and_o to_o be_v a_o slave_n to_o lust_n be_v that_o which_o be_v affirm_v of_o the_o thing_n that_o it_o be_v a_o shameful_a thing_n and_o consequent_o the_o subject_a likewise_o in_o st._n paul_n according_a to_o the_o latin_n est_fw-la questus_fw-la magnus_fw-la pietas_n cum_fw-la sufficientia_fw-la whereas_o the_o true_a order_n shall_v be_v godliness_n with_o sufficiency_n be_v great_a gain_n likewise_o in_o this_o verse_n happy_a the_o man_n that_o know_v the_o cause_n of_o thing_n happy_a be_v the_o predicate_a all_o the_o rest_n be_v the_o subject_a but_o the_o subject_a and_o the_o attribute_n be_v yet_o more_o difficult_a to_o be_v find_v out_o in_o complex_fw-la proposition_n and_o we_o have_v already_o show_v that_o sometime_o there_o be_v no_o discern_v but_o by_o the_o consequence_n of_o the_o discourse_n and_o the_o author_n intention_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a proposition_n and_o which_o the_o incident_a in_o the_o two_o proposition_n but_o beside_o what_o have_v be_v say_v we_o may_v yet_o observe_v that_o in_o complex_fw-la proposition_n where_o the_o first_o part_n be_v only_o the_o incident_a proposition_n and_o the_o latter_a be_v the_o principal_a as_o in_o the_o major_n and_o conclusion_n of_o this_o argument_n god_n command_v we_o to_o honour_v king_n lewis_n the_o fourteen_o be_v king_n therefore_o god_n command_v we_o to_o honour_n lewis_n the_o fourteen_o here_o the_o verb_n active_a be_v to_o be_v change_v into_o the_o passive_a to_o find_v out_o the_o true_a subject_n of_o this_o principal_a proposition_n for_o it_o be_v plain_a when_o i_o argue_v after_o this_o manner_n that_o my_o principal_a intention_n in_o the_o major_n be_v to_o affirm_v something_o of_o king_n whence_o i_o may_v conclude_v that_o we_o be_v to_o honour_n lewis_n the_o fourteen_o and_o therefore_o what_o i_o affirm_v of_o the_o command_n of_o god_n be_v only_o a_o incident_a proposition_n which_o confirm_v this_o affirmative_a that_o king_n be_v to_o be_v honour_v whence_o it_o follow_v that_o king_n be_v the_o subject_a of_o the_o major_n and_o lewis_n the_o fourteen_o the_o subject_a of_o the_o conclusion_n though_o if_o we_o consider_v thing_n but_o only_o superficial_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o seem_v to_o be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o part_n of_o the_o attribute_n these_o proposition_n be_v also_o frequent_a in_o our_o language_n it_o be_v a_o folly_n to_o listen_v to_o flatterer_n it_o be_v the_o hail_n that_o fall_v it_o be_v god_n who_o have_v purchase_v we_o but_o the_o sense_n sufficient_o demonstrate_v that_o to_o replace_v these_o proposition_n in_o their_o natural_a order_n they_o ought_v to_o be_v thus_o express_v to_o listen_v to_o flatterer_n be_v a_o folly_n it_o be_v the_o hail_n that_o fall_v he_o that_o have_v purcbase_v we_o be_v god_n and_o this_o be_v almost_o universal_a in_o all_o proposition_n that_o begin_v with_o it_o be_v and_o where_o afterward_o follow_v who_o or_o that_o to_o have_v the_o attribute_n at_o the_o beginning_n and_o the_o subject_a at_o the_o end_n and_o let_v this_o suffice_v for_o once_o to_o let_v you_o see_v that_o the_o example_n produce_v demonstrate_v that_o we_o be_v to_o judge_n by_o the_o sense_n and_o not_o by_o the_o order_n of_o the_o word_n and_o this_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v know_v that_o we_o may_v not_o be_v deceive_v in_o take_v those_o for_o false_a syllogism_n that_o be_v real_o true_a for_o that_o want_n of_o discern_v the_o subject_a and_o the_o attribute_n in_o the_o proposition_n we_o believe_v they_o contrary_n when_o they_o be_v conformable_a to_o the_o rule_n chap._n x._o other_o observation_n to_o know_v whether_o the_o proposition_n be_v universal_a or_o particular_a some_o observation_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n and_o no_o less_o useful_a may_v be_v make_v of_o particularity_n and_o universality_n 1._o observation_n we_o must_v distinguish_v universality_n into_o two_o sort_n the_o one_o may_v be_v call_v metaphysical_a the_o other_o moral_a i_o call_v metaphysical_a universality_n when_o the_o universality_n be_v perfect_a and_o without_o exception_n as_o every_o man_n be_v live_v which_o admit_v no_o exception_n i_o call_v moral_a universality_n that_o which_o admit_v some_o exception_n for_o in_o moral_a thing_n it_o suffice_v that_o thing_n be_v so_o for_o the_o most_o part_n as_o st._n paul_n both_o cite_v and_o prove_v the_o cretan_n be_v always_o liar_n evil_a beast_n slow-belly_n or_o as_o the_o same_o apostle_n allege_v in_o another_o place_n all_o seek_v their_o own_o thing_n not_o the_o thing_n of_o jesus_n christ_n or_o according_a to_o that_o of_o horace_n all_o musician_n have_v this_o vice_n etc._n etc._n or_o according_a to_o the_o usual_a phrase_n all_o woman_n love_v to_o chat_n all_o young_a man_n be_v inconstant_a all_o old_a man_n praise_v the_o time_n past_a in_o all_o these_o proposition_n it_o suffice_v that_o it_o be_v so_o for_o the_o most_o part_n neither_o be_v any_o thing_n to_o be_v conclude_v strict_o for_o as_o all_o these_o proposition_n be_v not_o so_o general_a but_o that_o they_o admit_v exception_n so_o they_o may_v render_v the_o conclusion_n false_a for_o it_o can_v not_o be_v particular_o infer_v that_o any_o cretan_a be_v a_o liar_n or_o a_o evil_a beast_n though_o the_o apostle_n cite_v in_o general_a that_o verse_n of_o one_o of_o their_o own_o poet_n the_o cretan_n be_v always_o liar_n evil_a beast_n and_o slow-belly_n for_o that_o some_o of_o that_o island_n may_v not_o be_v guilty_a of_o those_o vice_n which_o be_v common_a to_o other_o therefore_o the_o moderation_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o these_o conclusion_n which_o be_v only_o moral_o universal_a be_v on_o the_o one_o side_n to_o draw_v from_o thence_o with_o great_a judgement_n particular_a conclusion_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n not_o to_o contradict_v they_o nor_o to_o reject_v they_o as_o
74._o c._n 6._o of_o the_o five_o universal_a idea_n genus_fw-la species_n difference_n proper_a and_o accident_n 73._o c_o 7._o of_o the_o complexed_a term_n their_o universality_n and_o singularity_n 87._o c._n 8._o of_o the_o clearness_n and_o distinction_n of_o idea_n as_o also_o of_o their_o obscurity_n and_o confusion_n 97._o c._n 9_o some_o example_n of_o confuse_a idea_n draw_v from_o ethic_n 108._o of_o another_o cause_n of_o confusion_n in_o our_o thought_n and_o discourse_n 121._o c._n 11._o of_o the_o remedy_n of_o confusion_n in_o our_o thought_n and_o ratiocination_n arise_v from_o the_o confusion_n of_o word_n of_o the_o benefit_n of_o define_v word_n and_o of_o the_o difference_n between_o the_o definition_n of_o thing_n and_o name_n 126._o c._n 12._o certain_a observation_n of_o great_a importance_n touch_v the_o definition_n of_o word_n 134._o c._n 13._o of_o another_o sort_n of_o definition_n of_o name_n by_o which_o their_o signification_n be_v denote_v according_a to_o common_a use_n 140._o part_n ii_o chap._n 1._o what_o a_o proposition_n be_v of_o the_o fourt_n sort_n of_o proposition_n 162._o c._n 2._o of_o the_o opposition_n of_o proposition_n have_v the_o same_o subject_a and_o predicate_v 168._o c._n 3._o of_o proposition_n simple_a and_o compound_v that_o there_o be_v some_o which_o seem_v to_o be_v simple_a but_o be_v not_o and_o which_o may_v be_v call_v complex_fw-la proposition_n both_o as_o to_o the_o subject_a and_o attribute_v 171._o c._n 4._o of_o the_o nature_n of_o incident_a proposition_n that_o make_v a_o part_n of_o proposition_n complex_v 177._o c._n 5._o of_o the_o falsehood_n that_o occur_v in_o complex_n term_n and_o incident_a proposition_n 183._o c._n 6._o of_o complex_n proposition_n according_a to_o affirmation_n and_o negation_n of_o one_o sort_n of_o proposition_n which_o the_o philosopher_n call_v modal_n 190._o c._n 7._o of_o several_a sort_n of_o compose_v proposition_n 194._o c._n 8._o of_o proposition_n compose_v in_o sense_n 204._o c._n 9_o observation_n to_o find_v out_o the_o predicate_v and_o subject_n in_o proposition_n express_v after_o a_o less_o usual_a manner_n 215._o c._n 10._o other_o observation_n to_o know_v whether_o proposition_n be_v universal_a or_o particular_a 219._o c._n 11._o of_o two_o sort_n of_o proposition_n necessary_a for_o the_o learning_n of_o the_o science_n definition_n and_o division_n 229._o c._n 12._o of_o the_o definition_n of_o a_o thing_n 235._o c._n 13._o of_o the_o conversion_n of_o proposition_n with_o a_o thorough_a inquisition_n into_o the_o nature_n of_o affirmation_n and_o negation_n upon_o which_o the_o conversion_n depend_v and_o first_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o affirmation_n 240._o c._n 14._o of_o the_o conversion_n of_o affirmative_a proposition_n 247._o c._n 15._o of_o the_o nature_n of_o negative_a proposition_n 249._o c._n 16._o of_o the_o conversion_n of_o negative_a proposition_n 249._o part_n iii_o of_o discourse_n or_o ratiocination_n 1_o c._n 1._o of_o the_o nature_n of_o ratiocination_n and_o the_o several_a part_n of_o it_o 2._o c._n 2._o the_o division_n of_o syllogism_n into_o simple_a and_o conjunctive_a and_o of_o simple_a into_o incomplex_n and_o complex_fw-la 6._o c._n 3._o general_a rule_n for_o simple_a syllogism_n incomplex_v 8._o c._n 4._o of_o the_o figure_n and_o modes_n of_o syllogism_n in_o general_n that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o more_o than_o five_o figure_n 17._o c._n 5._o the_o rule_n modes_n and_o foundation_n of_o the_o first_o figure_n 21._o c._n 6._o the_o rule_n modes_n and_o principles_n of_o the_o second_o figure_n 26._o c._n 7._o the_o rule_v modes_n and_o ground_n of_o the_o three_o figure_n 30._o c._n 8._o of_o the_o modes_n of_o the_o four_o figure_n 33._o c._n 9_o of_o complex_n syllogism_n and_o how_o they_o may_v be_v resolve_v into_o common_a syllogism_n and_o how_o judge_v by_o the_o same_o rule_n 37._o c._n 10._o a_o general_n principle_n by_o the_o help_n of_o which_o without_o any_o other_o reduction_n into_o figure_n and_o modes_n the_o truth_n or_o falsehood_n of_o all_o syllogism_n may_v be_v know_v 46._o c._n 11._o the_o application_n of_o this_o general_a principle_n to_o several_a syllogism_n that_o seem_v to_o be_v intricate_a 50._o c._n 12._o of_o conjunctive_a syllogism_n 55._o c._n 13._o of_o syllogism_n who_o conclusion_n be_v disjunctive_a 61._o c._n 14._o of_o enthymemes_n and_o enthymematic_a sentence_n 67._o c._n 15._o of_o syllogism_n compose_v of_o more_o than_o three_o proposition_n 69._o c._n 16._o of_o dilemma_n 73._o c._n 17._o of_o the_o place_n or_o method_n to_o find_v out_o argument_n and_o how_o this_o method_n be_v of_o little_a use_n 77._o c._n 18_o the_o division_n of_o place_n into_o place_n of_o grammar_n logic_n and_o metaphysic_n 82._o c._n 19_o of_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o vicious_a argument_n call_v sophism_n 90._o c._n 20._o of_o bad_a reason_n in_o civil_a conversation_n and_o common_a discourse_n 116._o part_n iu._n concern_v method_n 158._o chap._n 1._o of_o knowledge_n that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o thing_n that_o the_o knowledge_n of_o thing_n by_o the_o mind_n be_v more_o certain_a than_o what_o we_o know_v by_o our_o sense_n that_o there_o be_v some_o thing_n of_o which_o man_n understanding_n be_v uncapable_a the_o advantage_n of_o this_o necessary_a ignorance_n 159._o c._n 2._o of_o the_o two_o sort_n of_o method_n analysis_n and_o synthesis_n a_o example_n of_o analysis_n 171._o c._n 3._o of_o the_o method_n of_o composition_n and_o particular_o that_o which_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o geometrician_n 181._o c._n 4._o a_o moreparticular_a explication_n of_o the_o forego_n rule_n and_o first_o of_o those_o that_o relate_v to_o definition_n 184_o c._n 5._o that_o the_o geometrician_n seem_v not_o to_o have_v right_o understand_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o definition_n of_o word_n and_o thing_n 190._o c._n 6._o of_o the_o rule_n in_o reference_n to_o axiom_n 194._o c._n 7._o certain_a axiom_n of_o moment_n that_o may_v serve_v for_o principle_n of_o great_a truth_n 201._o c._n 8._o of_o rule_n relate_v to_o demonstration_n 205._o c._n 9_o of_o some_o error_n usual_o occur_v in_o the_o method_n of_o the_o geometrician_n 208._o c._n 10._o a_o answer_n to_o what_o the_o geometrician_n allege_v for_o themselves_o 217._o c._n 11._o the_o method_n of_o science_n reduce_v to_o eight_o principal_a rule_n 219._o c._n 12._o of_o what_o we_o know_v by_o faith_n whether_o human_a or_o divine_a 221._o c._n 13._o certain_a rule_n for_o the_o guidance_n of_o reason_n the_o belief_n of_o event_n that_o depend_v upon_o human_a faith_n 225._o c._n 14._o a_o application_n of_o the_o preceee_a rule_n to_o the_o belief_n of_o miracle_n 230._o c._n 15._o other_o remark_n upon_o the_o same_o subject_a of_o the_o belief_n of_o event_n 237._o c._n 16._o of_o the_o judgement_n we_o ought_v to_o make_v of_o future_a accident_n 242._o finis_fw-la