meekness or not which is rather desirable than discernable in his Book The Author cometh more closs to his Work Page 3 and there placeth two sound Positions first in these words That it belongeth only to God to give Rules how he will be worshipped The 2d That the Holy Scriptures contain the Revelations of God's will concerning his Worship Ans I can desire no more of the Author but that the Superstructure be fitted to these Foundations they are so sure that God willing I shall stand by them to the end of this Discourse But if he who asserteth them be found going off or building Hay or Stuble upon them let him not take it ill if I help his memory as occasion offereth 3ly His Inference from these two viz. That from these two we may reasonably infer that it concerns us to keep as close as we can to those directions which God hath afforded us in his word without adding to omiting or altering any thing he hath there laid down for since God hath vouchafed us a certain direction for his worship in the holy Scriptures It 's to be supposed that all wayes of worship are displeasing to him that are not either expresly contained or warranted by Examples of holy men mentioned therein Ans This also is found provided alwayes that what is said of the examples of holy-men be duely cautioned for all the examples of holy-men mentioned in Scripture are not obligatory Some of them being â—ad even in the matters of God as Peter's dissembling for fear of the Jews here was a hurteful example of an holy man for Barnabas was carried away with this dissimulation Some of them affected Preheminency disputing who should be greatest these are no warrands for us to do the like seeing we are to follow them but as they were followers of Christ again some of their practices were by extraordinary gifts wherein they are above our Imitation Some of them were by special direction hic nunc for avoiding offence as Paul's circumcising Timothy such was his purifying of himself in the Temple according to the Ceremonial law these practices were not patterns for other holymen tho' contemporary with themselves nor do the practices of any men oblidge others without either some antecedent or concomitant evidence that it 's the revealed will of God such practices should be followed otherways men should be Idols to us making them Fathers of our Religion in which respect we are to call no man Father Page 3d. The Author distinguisheth worship into either inward or outward Ans The subject in hand requireth more distinctions of worship as into civil and Religious for many worshiped Christ on earth with civil worship only as a great Prophet and fame in the world intending no Divine Adoration next Ceremonial worship should have also been distinguished from Evangelical for by Levitical worship Sacrifices the observation of feasts divers washings were required which by the coming of Christ are abrogated these being carnal Ordinances and some better things provided for us our Saviour principally requiring such worship as is in Spirit and Truth not excluding external Adoration as it 's required Page 4. We have a Description of inward and outward Worship The inward Worship of God consists in the inward Homage and Subjection of our minds to him the outward consisteth of such acts and duties as serve to express this inward subjection of our Souls or that promote increase or contribute towards it Ans I pass the Description of the inward but the Description of the outward Worship is unsound and of dangerous consequence and had been easily helped if the Author had said it consisteth of such Acts and Duties as God hath appointed for his Worship but according to his Assertion there is an open Gap made for all the Humane Inventions that the fertile imagination of man can devise providing he but think they will serve to promote or contribute to inward Homage thus the Papists have brought in most of all their Idolatry and Superstitions and others may do the like if they but apprehend what they do may promote inward Worship Here my Author goeth off his Foundation that the Scriptures contain the Revelations of God's Will how He will be Worshipped and if I were of the Author's Judgment declared by this Description I would never have put Pen to Paper against the Inventions of Men in the Worship of God for it 's vain to open a wide Door for them and then forbid men to come in Page 4. We must remember that it 's in these outward Acts that we are more immediatly concerned as publick Worshippers Ans I do not take the Authors meaning to be so bad as his words in what is here asserted supposing the sense of his Words to be that men disputing of Worship they are more immediatly concerned in outward Worship than inward for certainly as acting Worship we are most concerned in the inward Adoration of the Soul as Christ hath taught that the Father seeketh such to worship as worship him in Spirit and Truth The last thing in the Introduction is the Distribution of Worship into its parts Praises Prayers Hearing Bodily Worship and Celebration of the Holy Sacrament of the Body and Blood of CHRIST Ans This Enumeration is not sufficient for why the Sacrament of Baptism is omitted no reason is given but the Author intending to Treat on no other Heads but such as he hath named I shall pass it though other substantial parts of Worship are also left out CHAP. I. Of Praises PAge 6. The Author doth forthwith fall upon the offering up of Praises to God by the use of Psalms and for its Authority quoteth 2 Chron. 29. 30. Hezekiah the King and the Princes commanded the Levites to sing praises to the Lord with the words of David and Asaph and they sang with gladness and Ephes 5. 19. and Col. 3. 16. Ans To all this we agree knowing it our duty to praise God by singing the Psalms of David But Page 7. Though the Scriptures recommend to us singing of Psalms yet in some cases they allow us to say them Ans 1. Who doubteth but we may Read or Say Psalms either in publick or privat But 2ly This saying Psalms is not to turn out singing of Psalms which is the ordinance of God I often read of singing but no where in Scripture of saying Psalms what induceth the Author to make so great a trouble to himself and his Reader I understand not only I know Papists have a way of Singing and muttering Psalms and Songs in their Worship But I find our Author resolved to prosecute this Saying instead of Singing for Page 8. 'T is certain the Word of God recommends to us Psalms and Hyms in prose c. and as to the Hebrew Psalms it's evident they are Poetical but the Poetry of them consists rather in the stile and manner of expression than in any certain measures or Verses And afterward we cannot find that
Heavenly terms such as the Prophet Isaiah frequently useth of the Gospel Church as Isa 35. 10 25 8 51. 11. c. Because these praises shall be perfectly accomplished in Heaven and it 's observable that in the two last Verses of that 7th Chap. There are six future tenses that these things shall be whereupon the English Annot. commenting on the 17th vers of that Chap. he shall feed them expound them thus he shall provide for their Souls until he bring them to full Happiness so the Dutch Annot. give the same sense so Marlorat quoting many Protestant Divines so Mede and Durhame As for Rev. 19. That the state of the Militant Church is understood there the Text it self maketh it undenyable for after the overthrow of the seat of the beast other enemies are found gathering together with the beast and making up Armies to fight against the Church as is clear from verse 19th of that Chap. Therefore this cannot be the Church Triumphant the Author hath an easie custom of quoting many Texts without explication or pondering whether such Texts be real proofs of what he asserteth or not 2ly There being such grounds to judge that these two Chapters quoted by the Author speak of the Church Militant then let it be considered when or where could that multitude meet together of all Nations whom no man could number for stated Worship is this imaginable Next seing they could not meet for stated Worship then there can be no Pattern drawn by it for our Worship and 3ly Not being stated joynt Worship it 's impossible there could be Responses by Nations at so vast a distance If the Author will have it so that the Triumphant Church is meant in these places though Armies be found gathering against Christ and his Church though it were so which cannot be granted yet the Heavenly Host of Angels and glorified Spirits whatever be their manner of Worship and Adoration it can be no Pattern to us because First There is no Temple there Rev 21. 22. I saw no Temple there that is such a Temple as is on Earth though there be another kind of Temple there called God's Temple that glorious Habitation above but no Temple for such Worship as we must have and there being no Temple therefore no pattern for us 2ly It hath pleased God to give us a compleat Pattern for his Worship already so that we need not say Who shall go up to Heaven for it 3ly The Scriptures contain the Revelations of God s Will concerning his Worship but the Scriptures do no where reveal this that the Worship of Angels is to be imitated by us Do you know how to place your selves about the Throne Have you Crowns to cast down before the Divine Majesty Have you Palms in your hands and white Robes Men have need of sobriety in drawing Arguments from Symbolical or Enigmatick Theology 4ly The Laws for their Worship is not only unknown to us but they are not Laws to us and therefore it 's but presumption to make them Laws to our selves 5ly Where Responses are used amongst men the answerers are restricted and limited to such a Form of Words and must wait for one another their Clergy must begin Who can imagine that the multitude doth lead Angels Clergy and all as here the Author maketh up the Choir yea Christ himself one of the number as the Author placeth him Verse 5. of Chap 7 For it's Christ that speaketh out of the Throne and this of it self doth make the urging of Responses from these Scriptures the more dangerous 6ly All then that could be made of these Scriptures is That blessed Harmony amongst all the glorious Inhabitants in Praising God each directing Praise to the same Divine Majesty one part not depending uppn what another shall speak as is the manner of Responses amongst Men. 7ly Neither our Saviour nor his Apostles did ever institute nor practise any such manner of Worship by Responses though the Apostle Paul was caught up to the Third Heavens yet he bringeth us no News out of Heaven for this new manner of Worship if he saw it yet it was not expedient or lawful to acquaint us with it I grant it 's storied of one Ignatius a Popish Bishop not the good old Ignatius that in a Dream he saw the Angels Worshipping by Responses and this being published the Novelty pleased the vain humours of many and so Responses came in fashion Object But this manner of Worship is recorded and are not all Scriptures for our instruction Ans All Scriptures are for our instruction I grant but for our imitation I deny many things are written whereby we should be instructed that we cannot and should not imitat Some Angels pour out Vials on the Earth some on the Fountains and Rivers But is this an Example for you to perform the like Others cast down their Crowns before the Throne but sure you cannot imitat this you will not cast down your Crowns till you get them 'T is far wiser work to be labouring for a firm Hope that they shall at length be put on our Heads Page 11. I make no question but this is taken by allusion from the manner of the Churches praising God on Earth Ans 1. But his Reader may still question it for all the Author sayeth saying and proving differ much 2. Consider this is again begging the Question as if it were evinced already that Worship by Responses is the instituted manner of Worship on Earth which we still deny seeing no Probation 3ly Can it be warrantably asserted that Angels must be beholden to us for Instruction how to Adore God in Heaven 4ly The Author thus runneth himself into a vitious circular Argumentation the Angels learn of us and we learn of them and so round Ibid And there is nothing in it but what is agreeable to the Command of Teaching and Admonishing one another in Psalms and Hymns and Spiritual Songs which supposes every one to have a share in them either by turns or bearing a part Ans 1. The place quotted is Coll. 3. 16. I question not but the Author knows the Original Words of that Text where it 's found the words one another is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 your selves and so it 's Translated Ephes 5. 19. Speaking to your selves taking Instruction to your selves by Psalms What can this make for Responses 'T is said in the same Scripture Let the word of Christ dwellrichly in you and singing with grace in your hearts But who is the answerer 2ly That therefore it 's done by turns or bearing a part is said but no appearance of proof 3ly The Author supposeth this singing to be publick but grant it were yet he who singeth is to receive instruction to his own Soul by the Psalm he singeth and beareth his part when he singeth joyntly with others and by this good example teach one another but the Author goeth on It was common for one to sing and the rest to hearken
before Ans The Author 's terming of bodily bowing as the most proper worship is contrary to the Doctrine of Christ Joh. 4. 23. But the hour cometh and now is when the true worshippers shall worship the Father in Spirit and in Truth for the Father seeketh such to worship him Here Christ preferreth worship in Spirit and Truth to all other worship Name and thing as the most proper and principal worship without which bodily worship is often performed And that bowing of the body doth naturally signifie the submission of the mind besides what is said let the Reader observe Mark 15 19. And they smote him on the Head with a reed and did spit upon him and bowing their knees worshiped Him Here was bodily worshiping but no submission of mind how then doth bowing of the head naturally signifie it these profane Souldiers were smiting and spitting on Christ and yet bowing their knees to him natural signes are not fallacious but this is Ibid. In the Old Testament the words rendered worship signifies properly and Originaly to bow down or prostrate the body Ans What then do we deny bodily Adoration doth the Author consider that he disputeth against no opponent it all this be Lybelled against dissenters 2ly The Author sayeth again and again that bowing of the head is properly worshiping If these Original words signifying bowing of the head do alwayes signifie worship then let him resolve me of the reason why we have so often bowing of the head expressed by one word in the Original and worshiping by another word in the same place if this bowing be properly worship why is it said they bowed and worshiped for according to the Author in all these places it must be thus they worshiped and they worshiped for instance Gen. 24. 26. And the man bowed down his head and worshiped the Lord there is one word here for bowing and another sor worshiping in the Original 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is to bow 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to adore So Psal 95. 5. There is one word for bowing and another for Adoring and Gen. 24. 52. quoted by the Author where there is but one word yet it s that which commonly signifieth Adoration incurvare adorandi causa Buxtorf and it 's express in the Text it was to the Lord the object specifying the Act for otherwise a man may bow the head intending no manner of worship to any object therefore bowing the head of it self cannot immediatly and naturally signifie worship or submission of the Soul as is asserted by the Author Page 111. so the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 properly signifies a bodily action which is translated worship Ans Yet our Saviour himself Transferreth this word to signifie Spiritual worship Joh. 4. 23. which may be performed without any bodily Action SECT 2. FIrst then when we come into the publick Assemblies we believe our selves to come into Christ's presence because he hath promised Matth. 18. 20. Where two or three are gathered together in my Name there am I in the midst of them And therefore in obedience to the Commands of God in Scripture it 's our custom to lift up our hearts to him in prayer and bow our bodies before him Ans Here the ground of the Quarrel that we bow not when we enter the Church yielding some religious sign of Reverence or rather that we do not religiously bow to the Church as shall be made appear the foundation that he layeth for this invention is Matth. 18. 21. Christs promised presence let us therefore consider the Text wherein first we have the promise it self I will be in the midst of them that is to protect favour and assist them without any extraordinary appearing of his Glory which is not here promised thus he may so appear also if he will and when he will and after what manner he will 2. This Promise is made to such as are gathered in his name that is at his command for his service and worship with dependence upon him 3. They must be gathered the promise is not to the place but to the assembly 4. The promise is made to the very fewest that can meet together on the foresaid account Observe That external Adoration is due two ways 1. When we approach God in immediat acts of Worship as Prayer and Praises 2. When it pleaseth God in an extraordinary manner to appear in his Glory the due season then for external signs of inward homage and reverence is when we perform these immediat acts of Worship in our Assemblies or if God shall please to give glorious signs of his extraordinary presence as he did to Moses when the Bush was burning but not consumed or as the Lord appeared after Solomon had made an end of Praying when the fire came down from Heaven and the Glory of the Lord filled the house then all the Children of Israel beholding the fire and glory of the Lord bowed themselves and worshipped whensoever the Lord doth thus appear external adoration is due But it cannot be said that the Lords ordinary presence with his people requireth this bodily reverence for there is a peculiar presence of Christ promised to the Ministers of the Gospel who bear his Commission Lo I am with you to the end of the world yet this doth not oblige them always ad semper to external acts of adoration otherways they should be alwayes in these acts he being always with them So there is a peculiar promise that Christ will make his abode with Believers Joh. 14. 23. And we will make our abode with him this is also a peculiar promise of his presence for it s appropriated unto sound believers who love him and keep his words yet this doth not oblige unto a constant bodily worship Observe also That this promise is made to the Assembly gathered together but not to the place where they assemble How is it then that religious reverence is payed to the House Church or Fabrick before the assembly be gathered for if there were but one in the Church he who cometh in must perform some religious external reverence yea if there be none in the House he who cometh first in must do the like otherwise he is a Transgressour and guilty of profane contempt yea if a man enter that House upon any other occasion when no publick Worship is to be performed yet he must do the like which doth undenyably prove that it s not Christs presence but the house that 's honoured with this religious reverence which will yet further appear if it be considered that if a few persons meet together to ask any thing of God and for his Worship the promised presence of Christ is there no less than in the publick Church yet religious reverence is not testified by any external sign in that privat place as in the other therefore this religious honour is not rendered to Christ as present in the assemblies of his people but to the Altar or Fabrick of the
attendants were fed Mal. 1. 7 Ye offer polluted bread upon mine Altar Ans We have now no altar but Christ and no sacrifices but Spiritual therefore the Altar for sacrifice is no pattern to us under the Gospel 2ly The Altar of Old was for offerings to God the Lords Table is God's offering meat to us I hope the Author is not of that mind that we offer up Christ again as a sacrifice in the Sacrament so that there is nothing here for the kneeling required But I might add 3ly That any Reader may be surprized to find the Author quoting Scripture for this kneeling seing he will not assert that the Scriptures requireth kneeling at the Lords Supper 2 On this account the Israelites came to the Altar and worshiped before it as being Gods Table for which he quoteth 2 Chron. 6. 12. And he stood before the Altar of the Lord The Author writeth no more of this Verse but passeth to the next where he findeth kneeling I shall therefore set down the whole two Verses as they are Dictated by God and he stood before the Altar of the Lord in the presence of all the Congregation of Israel and spread forth his hands Verse 13. for Solomon made a brasen Scaffold of five cubits long and five cubits broad and three cubits high and had set it in the midst of the Court and upon it he stood and kneeled down upon his knees before all the Congregation of Israel and spread forth his hands towards Heaven The Reader may now observe that Solomon stood before the Altar but it 's not said that he kneeled down before the Altar 2. That the Scaffold whereon he stood was in the midst of the Court and therefore not so framed as to be nearest unto the Altar 3. That he spread forth his hands to Heaven and therefore directed no worship toward the Altar but to the God of Heaven It 's said he kneeled before all the Congregation of Israel Yet he did not worship them and no more is said 1 King 8. 54. The Altat was before him when he was kneeling but he kneeled not to the Altar therefore his worship being neither directed to Altar nor Congregation tho' before them both but worshiping the God of Heaven and earth he kneeled and spread forth his hands to God in that praying posture of kneeling for the spreading of his hands and kneeling was to one and the same object Another Scripture quoted by the Author is 2 King 18. 22. Ye shall worship before this Altar in Jerusalem Ans The Author should have been so just to his Reader as let him know who spake these words for they are not the words of God neither Hezekiah himself nor any inspired man of God ever uttered them and yet Page 127. It 's reiterated with confidence as God commanded them to do 2 King 18. 22. shall the words of an ignorant blaspheming Athiest be called the commands of God who as our commentators well observe knew not what he said can the Author have a quiet Conscience to allow the world to take this for the command of God which hath no authority but the rambling invective of a cheating Railer I need say no more of this it speaketh too much of it self 3ly The Communion Table is called the Lords Table 1 Cor 10. 21. Ans Quid sequitur The Author quoteth this Scripture and saith not one word more of it but leaveth his Reader to guess and so shall I too but that which is in the Text maketh against the Author the Lords Table being no Altar for Sacrifices to God 4ly Page 119. The Israelites partaking of the Altar is proposed as an Example for our partaking of the Lords Table 1 Cor. 10. 16. The Cup of blessing which we bless is it not the Communion of the blood of Christ The bread which we break is it not the Communion of the Body of Christ Verse 18. Behold Israel after the flesh are not they which eat of the Sacrifices partakers of the Altar Ans All being yeilded that is found in these Verses no gain to the Author emergeth such as Sacrificed did partake of the Altar what then we have no word of authority to Eat at the Lords Table because Sacrificers of Old did partake of the Sacrifices we have Christ's Command to eat at his Table but 2. It had been necessary to consider the Scop and sense of the Text for the Apostle is warning the people of God to â—ee from Idolatry Verse 14. Wherefore dearly beloved flee from Idolatry and not to partake of Sacrifices offered to idols for these who eat and partake of these Sacrifices offered to Idols do declare their regard to that Altar and profession unto which these Sacrifices belong therefore these who eat of these Sacrifices are said to partake of that Altar and the Apostle fully clearing the sense of his own words addeth Verse 20. The things which the Gentiles sacrifice they sacrifice to Devils and not to God and then Verse 21. Ye cannot drink the Cup of the Lord and the cup of Devils ye cannot be partakers of the Lords Table and of the Table of Devils the sense then is plain as the Israelites of Old eating of the sacrifices commanded of God did thereby declare their adherence to the True God and his Altar so these who eat of the sacrifices offered to Idols and Devils do in so far abandon the profession of Christianity and betake themselves to an idolatrous Altar and profession let the Author cast up our Commentators and he will see what is now said besides that the Text of it self makes it plain And again I say however it be taken there is nothing in it for the Author's purpose of worshiping before the Altar so that I am surprized to see it adduced for that end 5. In allusion to this religious Eating with bodily worship it is prophesied of our Saviour Psal 22 29. all they that be fat upon earth and Verse 26 The meek shall eat and worship since then Scripture sets forth to us religious Eating at the Lords Table with worship and the Holy Communion is such an Eating at his Table it follows that the Scripture warrands our worshiping when we eat Ans This is a prophesie of the conversion of Heathens as appeareth Verse 27. all the ends of the world shall remember and turn unto the Lord and all the kindreds of the Nations shall worship before thee Let the Reader remark that the worship is to be performed to God neither before Altar nor Table but they shall worship before thee the eating here spoken of is partaking of Christs benefits and being turned to the Lord they shall worship him but that it shall be either before Altar or Table is manifest adding to the Text so this argument faileth also tho' the Author sayeth that the Scripture sets forth to us a religious eating at the Lords Table with worship for which he hath brought no proof nor never will Page 120. We
did eat or not for they are the words of the Holy Ghost 2ly Nor is it to be conceived that they continued eating while he was blessing this would been altogether unaccountable 3ly Tho' not eating yet they continued sitting in a Table posture for we must not add to the Text and say they arose 4ly How much time interveen'd between his taking the bread and blessing who can tell the ensuing Action being so solemn no doubt Christ would take care to have his disciples minds in some due composure for it 5ly That which the Author cannot digest is that the Apostles should be sitting when Christ was blessing but there is no cause why this should be so surprizing if some other of our Saviours ptactices be duely pondered as Mat. 14. 19. when there is a great miracle to be wrought Christ commandeth the multitude to sit down and then blesseth and he commanded the multitude to sit down on the grass and took the five loaves and the two fishes and looking up to Heaven he blessed and brake and this not once but again Mat. 15. 35. And he Commanded the multitude to sit down on the ground and he took the seven loaves and the fishes and gave thanks and brake c. In both these scriptures there is most solemn worship and yet the people commanded to sit down it were worse than trifling to say they might rise again when Christ gave thanks seing he commanded them to sit down therefore the Author's anxitie for this is groundless and no use for such shifts as in probabilitie it was done in a thanksgiving and praying posture And as in the next Page 126. And so he might rise to bless and distribute the Holy Sacrament These may be 's are not convincing but the plain words of so many Texts for sitting are most cogent and irrefragable Page 126. Lastly we find the Apostle severly reproving the Corinthians for their irreverence in receiving this Sacrament c. Ans They are severly reproved it's granted but not for sitting at the Lords Supper and except the reproofs reach this the Author can find no argument from that Scripture what a torment is it to be managing a bad cause I need not say a man hath need of clear eyes that can see an argument in that Scripture but he must put out his own eyes and implicitly believe Dictates in place of arguments And what Reader will not be surprized at the reading of his following discourse wherewith he concluds this Section Upon the whole I think we do nothing in this or any other sacred action as to bodily Worship but what is warranded and grounded on the holy Scriptures and particularly as to what we do at the holy Sacrament of the Lords Supper Ans All is even as firmly warranded as the judicious Reader will observe by the Authors Arguments men are readily perswaded as they affect but there is no danger of the Readers being argumented unto kneeling at the Lords Table by any thing that yet hath occurred SECT 3. PAge 127. And first as to your principles I need not tell you that you do not allow Bodily Adoration to be any part of Gods Worship Ans That we do not allow Bodily Adoration is a known injurious imputation Hath not the Author himself from his infancy seen his Friends bowing their knees daily to God Doth he not know of thousands about him at this day who do the like Is not this bodily Adoration doth he not know that in our publick Worship our people commonly stand in time of Prayer and are exhorted so to do and except in case of bodily infirmity ordinarly practise it as also signs of external reverence always in our songs of praises to God and when we hear the Word of God read to us as part of his Worship all are uncovered With what truth then can it be asserted we do not allow of bodily worship Page 128. Your Directory doth not only leave it out but excludes it by requiring all to enter the Assembly and to take their seats and places without adoration or bowing Ans Tho the words of the Directory be not fairly represented yet as the Author quoteth them I will espouse them and let the Author try his strength in answering my Arguments against religious bowing to any place or fabrick on Earth Ibid The Scriptures say O come let us worship let us bow down let us kneel before the Lord our Maker Ans Who denyeth this the Author can instance none of our perswasion who doth not practise kneeling before God if some Physical impediments do not obstruct it 2ly The Command Let us worship and bow is not when we come first to the Walls of a House but when we engage in acts of Worship then either to kneel or stand as conveniency will allow but this hath been cleared already and I am not fond of repeating and therefore must pass over much of what remaineth of this Chapter as being generally answered already Page 129. You sit generally at your publick Prayers This also hath been confuted already and all that is said Page 130. For the time of Thanksgiving before Receving being solemn Prayer our people generally stand excepting such as are set down at Table who continue sitting as at the first giving of Thanks by our Saviour they did sit But the Author in this Page 130 engageth himself in another useless labour of Collecting pretences against Bodily Worship and exposing of Dissenters as formers of these pretences which we solemnly detest as contrary to our common practice such Discourse might have been directed to Atheists and Quakers but to impress strangers so invidiously against all protestant Dissenters as enemies to the Adoration of God by any visible sign is most injurious 2ly In all the following Discourse to the end of this Chapter the Reader is egregiously imposed on the Author making no distinction between the Bodily Worship commanded of God and the Bodily Worship commanded only by men and so condemneth all as despisers of the Glory of God who will not bow down to Houses or Altars and would have his Reader take it for granted that its our principle to be against all external Adoration of God for no other reason but because we observe the second Command better than some of our Neighbours rendring that homage to Creatures which is only due to God wherein we cannot and by the grace of God will not comply with them Pages 130 131 132 133 134 Have nothing but a Confutation of pretences from Joh 4. 24. God is a Spirit and they that Worship him must worship him in Spirit and truth Ans Christ by this Scripture doth recommend and prefer Spiritual Worship to that which is only bodily God being a Spirit and all bodily worship separat from this is naught the external part is easie and separable from the internal and of it self is but bodily exercise that profiteth little nevertheless we constantly assert it our duty to glorifie
AN ANSWER To a late BOOK Intituled a Discourse Concerning the Inventions of Men in the Worship of GOD. By William Lord Bishop of Derry WHEREIN The Author's Arguments against the Manner of Publick Worship performed by Protestant Dissenters are Examined and by plain Scripture and Reason Confuted his Mistakes as to matters of Fact Detected And some Important Truths concerning the Spirit of Prayer and External Adoration c. Vindicated By ROBERT CRAGHEAD Minister of the Gospel Job 17.9 The righteous also shall hold on his way and he that hath clean hands shall be stronger and stronger Jer. 15.19 Let them return unto thee but return not thou unto them Jer. 30.2 I will give them one heart and one way Edinburgh Printed by the Heirs of Andrew Anderson Printer to Their most Excellent Majesties Anno Dom. 1694. TO the Right VVorshipful the MAJOR the ALDERMEN and BVRGESSES of the City of LONDON DERRY and of the Presbyterian perswasion THese Animadversions on the Bishop's Book are Dedicated to your Service the Author and his Labours being yours by Right Tho' this piece of Service be extorted having no apprehension of appearing in this manner had it not been the vindication of Truth the undeceiving of strangers and your uneasiness to find our manner of Worship exposed vilified and represented to the World as pure humane Invention and therefore nothing but Will-worship and yet worse being made as black as Heathens denying due Adoration to God and casting his Word out of our Assemblies a rare notion that all the polite Masters of most exuberant Invention had never the brow to brand our perswasion with before this Author appeared who will be singular And since we are now set out to the world as worse than the most degenerated and barbarous people that ever called themselves Christians and thereby a Clothing of wild Beasts forced on us as on many primitive Christians to inrage their Devourers it s presumed none can offend if by a just Vindication we strip our selves of this covering that the World may see we are no Savages However this may appear impar congressus as not standing on even ground with the Bishop yet Truth being on our side and he the first Aggressor there 's no fear but the God of Truth will throughly plead his own Cause Therefore lest by the Author 's bare naming of many Scriptures whether pertinent to this purpose or not any should be seduced or vainly think his Book cannot be answered by any of us who are arraigned and provocked or that we are haters of Light and unwilling our deeds should be made manifest whether wrought in God or not or that we are ashamed of our manner of Worship or that we have not the confidence to convince gainsayers and so suffer Truth to be betrayed by unreasonable silence and lest that strangers or our succeeding Posterity should be impressed with Calumnies for Truths tho I be the very weakest of my Brethren yet being in some special manner concerned in this place and a Book sent me by the Author am willing to try the strength of his Arguments trusting that God will appear to make the issue and result of this Debate conducive to the further strengthning and establishment of many fearers of God who desire to live and die in the Old Good Paths and therein to find rest to their Souls Yet I do freely declare to you my Worthy and Beloved Friends that the constraint of putting such a Book into your hands on so mean a subject ministreth to me some melancholy reflections for if ever any of my poor Labours had been worth your notice after I had finished my course it would been more comfortable to me if the subject had engaged a Discourse of things more profitable spiritual than meer Jejune forms knowing the people of London derry being as a Firebrand pluckt out of the fire stand in need of more suitable entertainment how to make due returns of gratitude for so signal deliverance than to be treated with a Dispute of Forms so remote from the power of Godliness and the present due sense of Works of Wonder done for this people which we are apt sinfully to forget tho peremptorly required to take heed lest we forget the things which our eyes have seen lest they depart from our heart all the days of our life but to teach them to our sons and sons sons God hath much to require of Derry more than other places in point of Gratitude August epist ad Marcell speaking of gratitude piously saith what better thing can we bear in our mind express with our lips record with our Pen hear more joyfully consider with greater pleasure or what better fruit can we bear than gratitude It cannot therefore be unseasonable to put you in mind of these things tho' ye know them or to improve this occasion for the help of others hereafter to retain a due impression and regard to the great Works of God there being no people in these Kingdoms whoever had more special and immediat appearing of Soveraign Dominion Wisdom and Mercy than this City if it be considered That after vast numbers of people were frighted into it as a place of refuge not knowing of one another nor what they should do when within these Walls having no Ruler but God alone as of different perswasions so of different sentiments many consulting a Surrender on Terms as most rational some few resolved against it of which I was an Eye Witness many secret enemies within corresponding with those without a potent Army under good Conduct closs about the City Streets Lanes and Walls often as in Fire with multitude of Bombs and many killed in Houses provisions failing and Soldiers almost starved yet sallying out waxed valiant in Fight when their Enemies strong and full found not their hands but fainted in the day of Battel when not only mens bodies were faint and sick with Famine but hope of relief being deferred made their hearts sick also yet when weakest were animated to that heroick resolve to put a period to their own miseries and perpetuat their loyalty by fighting to death when they could stay no longer within these Walls rather than yield I know of one fainting man who said within these three days we must either surrender or be dead men by famine but was smartly taken up by others replying he was not worthy to live who spoke it and while there was Dog or Cat in Derry yet remaining there should be no surrender and further told him you shall eat that Hat on your Head ere we yield At this time the City was all over Deaths and Corps and rare to see a Mourner for the nearest Relation when buried many fainting on the Streets for want of the Fruits of the Earth the City then appearing for no other use but to be a common Sepulchre to them all nothing remain'd but hope against hope only by the good Providence of God there were many Godly praying
persons in the place both Citizens and Strangers who were acquainted with calling on God long before they came into this distress these prayed without ceasing and the hearer of Prayer did graciously so far condescend unto some of them that during the whole Siege and in greatest extremities were comforted by the hope of deliverance in Gods due time and some of them being Ministers of what perswasion I shall not so much as name that all may joyn together in due praises not unto us O Lord not unto us but unto thy Name give glory for thy mercy and for thy truths sake for when humane strength was gone then did the God of mercy appear and his own Arm brought Salvation sending food to the fainting remnant thorow the Fire of their Enemies on every side they gnashing their Teeth and melting away and thus by Divine Power and Mercy the place of Deaths was made a beginning of Reviving and Life to the whole Nation Who at this day out of their graves have it to say they came out of their graves as the remnant of Derry when this people were as if their bones had been scattered at the graves mouth who could have answered that question but God can these dry bones live who but he alone could put flesh sinews and skin upon them and breath Life into the dead making them to stand up as an Army so terrible that their besiegers were frighted from their Walls hastning far away when nothing pursued them but the Terrour of God Shall he remember us in our low estate and we forget him shall he to whom it 's a humbling of himself to behold the things that are in Heaven and earth look down and send from above drawing us out of these depths and we not so much as look up to the hand doing it Hath God appointed Salvation for Walls and Bulwarks when there was no strength to defend our walls of Stone and Clay shall it be said of this City thou hast forgotten the God of thy Salvation and hast not been mindful of the Rock of thy strength Hath God frustrated and rejected the confident expectations of our enemies hath he given them wine of astonishment to drink and taken the cup of trembling out of our hand hath he amuzed and confounded them with his works of wonder for Derry insomuch that some of the besiegers being surprized that the gates were not opened unto them and afterward finding that the flower of their Army fell before these walls said God doth fight for Derry but blasphemously added God was not just in so doing this I can instruct by some of deserved reputation to whom it was spoken and yet alive Oh! that men would Praise the Lord for his Goodness and for his Wonderfull Works and not be as these who Sung his Praise but soon forgot his Works For Preventing of this Forgeting Chrysost on Math Homil. 25. Saith that great Mercies and Deliverances should not only be Carefully committed to the Memory but actual Praises Rendered to God for them every day and the same Author on Tit. Hom. 1. If Saith he we receive a Benefit from a Friend or if we but know he hath spoken a Seasonable Word for us with what Warmth of Love do we Remember him How much greater love should we have to God who hath delivered us from the greatest dangers It is great Mercy to be helped of God to understand the Depth of our Mercies for some are Preserved who were not ready to Die if by the Furnace we have been in our Dross be not Purged away and we become not a Refined People meet for the Master's Use we have reason yet to fear a Furnace more hot where God in his Justice may Melt and leave us Let us therefore fear him and his Goodness let us Live to him who made us Live in the Jaws of Death let us take Pleasure to speak of his Mighty Acts and testifie our Gratitude by an Holy Just and Exemplary Conversation provocking one another unto Love and good Works walking by the same Rule minding the same Thing as men of one heart and one way Our Gracious God hath not only Delivered but put severals of you in Places of greatest Trust and Honour in this City and as by the Grace of God ye have happily begun so go on in the strength of the Lord God by your Authority and Example to promove the Power of Godliness and the publick Good of the City Ministring Justice to all of all Perswasions Impartially which I know to be your Principle and to maintain by all Laudable Means Peace Love and Concord in the Place that so all the Inhabitants may find you a Blessing from God and that the whole City now raised from it's Ruines and Desolations may Flourish in all Godliness Righteousness and Felicity is the Prayer of Much Honoured Your Servant in the Gospel ROB. CRAGHEAD London derry April 18 1694. The BOOK now under Consideration Is Intituled A DISCOURSE Concerning the Inventions of Men in the VVorship of GOD But after Perusal appeareth A Discourse for the Inventions of Men in the Worship of GOD. THE whole Scope being a Tenacious Defence of such Inventions and Commandments of Men in the Worship of God as he hath no where prescribed in his Word nor are warrantable by the general Rules of Scripture and such Acts of Worship maintained as are forbidden by the Word of God and these only accused as guilty whose conscientious abstaining from such Inventions hath occasioned their sufferings for many years By this Araignment the Author hath cast himself into some Labyrinths out of which the Egress may not be so easie as the Ingress nor so pleasing to his Friends as if he had imployed his Pen some other way since by his Discourse Dissenters are necessarily engaged to discover the firm Foundation of their Principles and practice in the Worship of God and the infirmness of all the Author's Arguments said against them Whereby some by a more explicite knowledge may be fully fixed and determined to the Communion whereof they are now Members INTRODUCTION THE Author beginneth his work with a Scripture so awful and apposite that it would have been a singular help to his memory if the same had been written on top of every Page before his Book had been filled up the words are Mark 7. 7. In vain do they worship me Teaching for Doctrines the Commandments of men this obligeth every man who hath a concern for his Soul to examine the Worship he offers to God whether it be such as God hath instituted c. Ans All this is good and necessary wanting nothing but due observation for all of us should testifie the veneration we owe to so important warning from the Mouth of Christ. Let us come then to a fair Tryal who are most guilty of teaching for Doctrines the Commandments of men and what he offereth according to reason shall be admitted whether it breath a Spirit of
Holy Scriptures recommend to us the use of Instruments in the Praises of God Psa 150. Praise him with Timbrel Praise him with stringed Instruments and Organs c. Ans I still find the Author for quoting the Scriptures he never explaineth even when there is need for it 's apparent he hath no great confidence this Scripture Psa 150. can evince the use of Instruments in the Gospel Worship saying the Scripture recommends to us and Page 16th Our Church permitteth the use and Page 17th This is not Imposed on any Congregation these concessions not only shew the weakness of the cause but should soon end this debate for why should you keep up the use of that to the offence of others which you have no light to impose or require But 2ly If this Scripture be your authority for Organs then why not high sounding Cymballs Trumpets and Dances in worship as well as Organs The authority by this Scripture is alike for all these 3ly If the Gospel Church should use such Instruments then why should poor country Parishes want them 4ly We have neither direction nor practice of them in the whole New Testament the use of Instruments in the worship of God of Old was a part of The Ceremonial law and therefore expir'd with it Object The use of Instruments was by the light of nature before the Ceremonial Law and therefore could not expire with it Ans 1. The dictates of Nature can make no man know that the sound of any innanimate creature can be acceptable service to God if you abstract from his positive institutions yea without institution it were presumption to offer such manner of service unto God Nature I grant will dictate that our voice and tongues which God hath given us as a glory to glorifie himself should be made use of in his Praises Nature also may prompt a man to use Instruments for his own recreation and may prove sometimes an useful diversion in time of disquiet of mind but it 's beyond the reach of nature to know that such noise and sounds shall be pleasing to God except when God revealeth and appointeth it 2. Miriam using an Instrument in the Praising of God was as a Prophetess therefore it is said Miriam the Prophetess took a Timbrel c. And not by the dictates of Nature but as a Prophetess which dissolveth the strength of the Authors argument It 's the more observable that this practice of the Prophetess was not made a pattern nor Instruments used in the Worship of God ordinarly before the Ceremonial Law The Author instanceth the Praises of the blessed in Heaven Rev. 5. 8. and 14. 2. He saith no more of these Scriptures let the reader judge as he will Ans Neither the Author nor any Christian will think there are material Harps made use of in Heaven and seing they cannot be Material therefore they can be no pattern for material Instruments in the Worship of God on earth you know no more what these Harps are than what these golden vials are found with them as well as Harps but further Page 13. 'T is observable that the word we render sing Jam. 5. i3 Originally implyes singing with an Instrument and if they had not approved the Jewish way of singing they would not have made use of a word importing it Ans The Apostles make use of the word Sacrifice often in the New Testament and yet are far from approving of Sacrifices now after the Jewish manner 2ly The Reader may observe the same word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 made use of Eph. 5. 19. Where no Artificial Instruments can be made use of in speaking Psalms to a mans own heart And the same word in the same place for singing in the heart Now what Instruments a man can get into his heart let any seek for them who will I 'le not make experiment 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 No more is necessary in this Section but to let the Reader know that the Antients of great Note in the Church of God have testified against Instruments in the worship of God As Justin Martyr quest 107. Retained only vocal singing declaring that the use of Instruments belong'd to the Infant State of the Church August on Psal 33. Saith let no man betake himself to Theatrical Organs 'T is known also that the use of them was brought into Christian Assemblyes in a most corrupt State of the Church by Pope Vitalianus Anno. 683. Platina SECT 2. AS for the manner of singing Praises by the Author and those of his Communion We are not so much concerned as to vindicate our own Practice Page 15. He saith they are directed to praise God every day in a certain number of Psalms of his own appointment out of the Old Testament and then in such Hymns as are recorded in the New Ans As for singing the Psalms of David to the Praise of God we know it 's our duty both in Publict and Private And it 's to be observed 2ly These Psalms he acknowledgeth are appointed but the Hymns are only recorded in the New Testament but all Hymns recorded are not appointed to be sung by others as the Psalms of David therefore he hath Cautiously expressed this the one is appointed the other but recorded Page 15. Our Church has thought fit to require us with every Psalm and Hymn to intermix glory to the Father to the Son and to the Holy Ghost c. Ans These words are good in themselves but to intermix them with the words of Gods immediate dictating is meer Invention of men and done only by the commandment of men for it 's making that a part of worship which God hath not Instituted 2ly Let it be observed how this doth contradict what the Author himself laid down as a foundation to his whole work for Page 3. It 's said without adding and here our Church has thought fit this be intermixed 3ly And whereas the Author saith this ought not to be taxed as any real addition but a necessary expedient to turn the Jewish Psalms into Christian Hymns Ans I know he would not have it Taxed as an addition it 's all one as if he had said we have added but you must not Tax it 2ly The reason he giveth is frivolous not only because there cannot be a reason for making that worship which God hath not made worship but to make Jewish Psalms as he calleth them to be Christian Hymns hath no collour Christ's Authority hath made the Psalms of David Christian and fit for the Gospel Church without such an Invention as this Therefore tho' we deny Socinianism yet we do Tax it for an addition in the worship of God As for singing or saying in Prose there needeth no more than what is replyed already Page 16. He saith the people are to bear their part to sing or say by way of Responses Ans The people no doubt are to bear their part in singing the Praises of God and ye do not well to
hinder them by Responses for the whole that is to be sung Publickly is the part of each worshiper and none of them should be interrupted by the answering of another but all to sing Joyntly with one accord There is no more in this Section that requireth answer The Author concludeth joyfully that their Praises are agreeable to holy Scriptures and yet just now he told us of no other warrand for some part of their Worship But our Church has thought sit to require if that be as good as Holy Scripture let the Reader judge for at this rate they may bring any thing to be Worship if they but think it fit SECT 3. PAge 18. We are desired to compare our practice in our Assemblies with our Bibles Ans What so great need of our Bibles for publick Worship seing if the Church think fit we me may Worship without Bible authority 2ly It 's at our Bibles we would be but the Author is driving us to that manner of Worship that we cannot find in our Bibles I leave it to any judicious un-byassed Reader if any Scripture Proof be for singing Prose singing by Responses or for the use of Instruments in the Gospel-Church What he saith Page 18. of our Directory to sing Psalms and Read Line by Line is that which we both practise and avow And 2ly To Sing so many Verses as publick Edification and opportunity require Page 18. The Author desires to observe that he doth not condemn the singing of Psalms in Metre as unlawful Ans If not unlawful Why then so many Arguments such as they are against it 2ly How can the Author say its not unlawful seing in the very next page he saith it appears purely of Humane Invention and the following page again the singing of Psalms in metre is not the Scripture way of using them And page 24 It's purely and immediatly the invention of men Is it so even as to acts of Worship and yet not unlawful Then it followeth according to our Author that some pure immediat Inventions of men are not unlawful in the Worship of God to what purpose should he emit a Book pretended against the inventions of men in the Worship of God and yet that which himself calleth purely and immediatly the invention of men is not unlawful by the Author 's own words Page 20. And I question whether all of them were ever yet sung through in one meeting place perhaps not in all the meetings of the Kingdom Ans Is this the Spirit of meekness we heard of a little ago if he would not have his Reader believe it why doth he write and publish it and if he would have the World to believe it then they shall believe that which is not Truth for I know Meeting-houses not far from him where the Book of Psalms is sung every Lords Day in order some portion of them I say every Lords Day from the beginning to the end of that Book tho some others use their liberty in singing such Psalms as are most agreeable to the Doctrine then Preached As to what he saith of the Dr. Manton's calling the Debate of singing Prose or Metre a vain Cavil It had been good for our Author he had been of the same mind I will take no further notice of this Page 21. The Author complaineth heavily of the Translation of Psalms into Metre saying We have a Command to Translate the Psalms but none to turn them into Metre and again in the same page he saith it seems to give Humane wit too great a liberty of treating the Word of God as men please Ans The Psalms are Translated into Metre because God gave them to his Church in metre sufficient hath been said of this already and I will not repeat 2ly What the Author saith of the danger of Translating into Metre doth militate against all Translations for often many words must of necessity be used for Translating so concise a Language as the Hebrew and yet no wrong done to the Text Let the Author also remember what himself hath said page 14. That if there be any mistake through humane frailty not contrary to Faith this ought to be no exception against the use of the Translation the same serveth also for Translating into metre they cannot cease to be the words of God because they are Translated into metre for the reasons already adduced 3ly The Author appeareth under some Grievance as to the Translation of Hebrew Psalms into metre some of them as he saith hardly doing justice to the sense of the Text. If he be concerned in any such Version of Psalms he would do well to endeavour a rectification for it hath been said by judicious persons of his own perswasion there is need for it 4ly And if the Author will lay aside prejudice and be so humble as to accept of Relief from his Grievance I would recommend unto him a Version of the Psalms into Metre practised by us exact to the Hebrew Text and so exact that the Author may spend time worse than peruse and compare it with the Hebrew wherein he shall not find varying from the Original nor unintelligible nauseating Expressions 5ly The Author is so disgusted with the Psalms in Metre that he saith Page 21. We ought to use them as Humane Composures only and not as Gods Word and so they are used by our people in our Assemblies not as any main substantial part of the Worship of God but rather as a voluntarie entertainment of Devotion and a refreshment to the people between the parts of the Service c. Ans This is odd confusion concerning Worship as ever I heard for by the Author's words singing praises to God in metre is Worship yet 't is not Worship I prove both from what he saith First he acknowledgeth it to be Worship but it 's not a main substantial part of Worship then its Worship but not main Worship was ever such lame Worship heard of before Yet 2ly It s not Worship but a voluntarie entertainment and refreshment that is it s a voluntar Service but not posted as commanded Worship 2ly Will the Author say that a necessary Translation of the Original into words intelligible by us and in metre according to the Original doth devest it from the dignity of being still the Word of God he may as well say our Bible is not the Word of God because it s not Hebrew and Greek but only English 3ly If the Author be satisfied that singing Psalms in metre is not Worship then why doth he obtrude it on God on any accompt for he saith page 22. That this singing in Metre is at present in use both with you and us why doth he not bring forth his strong reasons to convince the Church of England that they are all in Errour and himself only in the Right 4. Shall mens recreations and diversions he made stated worship to God and why should the poor people be imposed on for they take it for
due worship as commanded of God Page 23. There is nothing but what is already answered only two unjust Imputations 1. That for as much as appears we have laid aside the Psalms in Prose Ans Can the Author keep a good Conscience in Transmitting this to strangers and following Generations Let the Reader therefore if a stranger for no other will give it credit know that we read frequently the Psalms in Prose from the beginning to the end in our publick Lectures that we often choose our Texts in the Book of Psalms and most frequently quote them in Preaching for clearing and confirmation of our Doctrine we are ready to give many thousands of unexceptionable Witnesses to attest it how then doth it appear that we have altogether laid aside the Psalms in Prose The next assault is that we sing but a few Verses of a Psalm Page 23. Ans The Author hath brought no light how many should be sung and they are never like to be the moe for what he hath said seing he neither hath nor can warrantably prescribe the quantity Yet 2ly For the undeceiving of Strangers let the Reader know that commonly we sing the Praises of God with the words of David four times each Lords day in Publick and at each time commonly much more for quantity than the Author nameth 3. That for ordinary we sing these Psalms in our Families dayly and orderly from the beginning to the end of that Book We wish we could say as much of those of another perswasion and that they were taught by word and example so to do For in dwellings of the righteous should be heard the voice of melodie and Praise and now being thus provoked I am free to assert and that not at random that there are moe of the Psalms of David sung in one of our Congregations every day than in the Authors whole Diocese as his in a week Churches and altogether and 't is no wonder when I remember the words of the Author Page 180. In his epistle to the conforming laity of the Diocess of Derry wherein he saith and therefore I would advise you to make use of the words with which our Church hath furnished you in your houses as well as in the Church c. and at more Solemn times I conceive our Litany is as full and proper a service as any master of a Family can desire to offer to God Here is no advice to use the word of God as immediatly dictated by him either in reading or singing of Psalms 4ly But singing is not all our praising in Publick finding it our duty Solemnly to give thanks to God for the great Salvation by Christ which in our Publick worship is commonly practised There is no more in this Head but what is answered already nothing being ommitted that hath the colour of an argument the Author concludeth this chapter perswading himself his arguments will prevail let him please himself with his own thoughts only I must say that since I begun to Examine what is said I have not found one argument that he can rationally expect will prevail with any judicious reader so that the Author by all his Elaborat discourses hitherto hath instead of promotting his cause done considerable disservice to his friends in urging 1 Saying in place of singing Praises in publick 2ly Responses in singing 3ly The use of Instruments in Gospel worship 4ly Intermixing these words Glory to the Father c. With the immediate words of God all which he hath exposed as naked and destitute of Divine Institution and therefore will be judged by the indifferent Reader the meet Inventions of men in the worship of God the Author bringing no Scripture Proofs for them CHAP. 2. Of Prayer SECT 1. ANd if we consider what rules directions and examples the Scriptures afford us for the performance of this duty we shall find that they direct us to offer up our Prayers in a Set and prepared form of words Ans It 's necessary I premit a few things before the particular parts under this Head be considered And next draw together some Concessions of the Author whereby he cutteth the Nerves of all his own arguments As to the form of Prayer observe First thar some are by Divine Institution some only by humane Authority all Divine forms we own and honour but humane forms require Examination 2ly Forms of Divine Institution were either occasional according to the present Exigencies of the Church or permanent as the pattern of the Lords Prayer Occasional forms of words must be considered whether apposite to our State and Circumstances as for the Lords Prayer we judge all Ages bound to it as a pattern since it was prescribed 3ly Forms of Prayer must be considered first as to the matter and substance next as to the precise words wherewith the matter is cloathed the Scriptures warranting this distinction Mat. 6. 9. after this manner praâ—ye Numb 6. 23. On this wise shall ye bless the children of Israel as to Humane forms some Churches have been so low by the Paucity of able Ministers that Humane Composures were for that time expedient as in the beginnings of Reformation when Priests could perform little more than read but that is no warrant for the continuation of such forms when God hath provided qualified Ministers for Ministerial duties and far less can it be a warrant for Imposing such Humane Composures on all Ministers of the Gospel as terms of Communion Next observe some Concessions of the Author on this Head of forms Page 26. Having mentioned many Forms as prescribed hath these words Tho' other words might be joyned with them when there was occasion to enlarge or vary the Form A 2d Concession is Page 29. In these words from whence it appears that God approves the use of one set constant Form of words as long as the occasion of repeating them is the same A 3d. Concession is Page 49. And therefore the Spirit of Prayer is the grace the heart the disposition and ability to pray and whether it be with or without a Form such a mans prayers are acceptable to God A 4th Concession is Page 54. But in as much as God has not expresly forbidden all extemporary prayers I would not be understood by this to condemn all such as unlawfull A 5th Concession is Page 51. And to pray with this grace is to pray in and with the Spirit whether we use words or no and if we do use them whether we reduce them into a Form first or pour them forth as they present themselves to our minds A 6. Concession is Page When a man has not time allowed him to reduce his desires into Form before he offers them he may depend on the assistance of God's Spirit These ample Concessions appear to me as a retreat and full yielding the cause nor can I possibly free them from a contradiction to the Author's Scop in this Chap. So that for particular answers I have no more to
as a rule to direct us in Prayer but to be a Badge of our profession is a groundless conjecture for Baptism and Summaries of our Christian Religion are Badges of our profession 2. And since the Author understandeth still the Form of words the Apostles confute him for they kept the true Badge of their profession and yet used not these very words in Prayer He saith this Form of prayer is a Summary of our Duty as Christians Ans Where then is the Decalogue which in many Ages hath been called a Summary of our duty but the Lords Prayer only a Summary Petendorum of things to be sought of God as the decalogue of faciendorum and the belief of credendorum why doth the Author confound these things which hath been judiciously distinguished in all Ages since we were Christians He saith it 's no more lawful to alter it than to lay it aside Ans We do not alter it by enlarging upon it the prayer remains the same after all our enlargments and we return to it again and again as our fixed Rule but if he call that an altering the prayer to use other words he contradicteth himself as is proved already Page 36. The Author's arguments drawing to an end he giveth a gentle touch to the different words in the Institution by way of objection but passeth that which is most material as is observed already Next he appeareth for peoples joyning of voices and Responses in prayer As we have the command of God and the example of his Saints for offering up our Prayers to him in a set and prepared form of words so we have the like example for joyning voices upon occasion Ans 1. The Author engageth this part of his work with a modest blush passing from the word command and betaking himself to example and that but upon occasion and yet more diminutively afterward on some occasions adding also that generally it is sufficient that the people joyn in their hearts with the words of publick prayer 2. If no more be necessary but the people joyning in their hearts why is more urged Shall we still be troubled with unnecessary Impositions can the Author call this an Institution of Christ seing Worship is sufficiently performed without it and not being the Institution of Christ what name can himself give it but the invention of Man 3. When these occasions offer who knoweth and who determineth these occasions whether God or men let the Author once clear this that we may know what occasions he understandeth But he proveth that the people joyned their voices by Judg. 21. 2. And the people came to the house of God and lift up their voices and wept sore Ans He doth no more but repeat this Scripture and so leaves it and so shall I for this Text saith nothing to the manner of Worship in that Assembly neither who did speak and order it nor how many spoke so that any inference from it can be nothing to his purpose Acts 4. 24. They lift up their voice to God with one accord and said Lord Thou art God c. Ans The Author saith the Apostles and their Disciples lift up their voice On what account the Disciples of Christ are termed the Disciples of the Apostles I understand not the Author hath no warrand for this being all Christs Disciples 2. That they lift up their voice with one accord is no more but to joyn in their hearts with him that speaketh as if they had been of one heart for if all had spoken at once whether inspired or not confusion had apparently ensued which the Apostle is against 1 Cor. 14. 33. Acts 16 25. Paul and Silas prayed and sung praises unto God Ans This is near trifling with holy Scriptures there being nothing in this Text but that they prayed and praised together in joynt privat Worship and what then cannot two do this and not speak both at once So Rev. 6. 10. They cryed with a loud voice saying How long O Lord c. Ans This is yet further off his purpose for who on Earth knoweth the manner how unbodied Spirits speak to God having neither voices nor tongues as we have I weary to waste time upon such Allegations What remaineth of this Section is for Responses in Prayer which hath no better warrand than Responses in singing fully answered already Psal 106. 48. Let all the people say Amen Ans Let the Author remember his own words Pag. 36. Generally its sufficient the people joyn in their hearts c. 2ly It 's to be observed that the Lords Prayer according to the Institution Luk. 11. hath not the word Amen added which the Institution recorded by Matth. hath so that comparing these two its evident that a liberty is allowed us as to the use of that word yet this liberty alloweth no man to condemn the use thereof seing the Institution by one of the Evangelists hath that word expresly 3ly As the people joyn in the whole Prayer with the Minister so also when he uttereth Amen Page 39. We have a strange manner of Responses from 2 Chron. 5. 13. The Priests and Levites praising God and saying For he is good for his mercy endureth for ever then Solomon performed another part of the service Chap. 6. 3. He blessed first the people Secondly He blessed and thanked God And lastly Offered that Divine Prayer of Dedication then follow the Burnt-offerings and Sacrifices Chap. 7. And then last of all follows the peoples part Chap. 7. 3. They bowed themselves with their faces to the ground c. Ans Let the Reader observe that all these quotations are for proof of Responses and yet there is not one Response amongst them all For 1. The Levites singing praises to God can be no Response to men nor any colour for it in the Text. 2. Solomons solemn Prayer to God can be no Response to men nor the least colour for it in the Text. 3. The Burnt-offerings and Sacrifices can be no Response to whom could Sacrifices Respond I must here stop my Pen to prevent irritation tho some would be ready to expose the Author by this Response and all of them here mentioned 4. The peoples bowings and Worshiping God can be no Response to men for they are found Worshiping only God upon the extraordinary appearing of his Glory I need say no more of this it speaketh for it self But Page 40. Answering to prayers is no legal abolished Ceremony this is manifest from 1 Cor. 14. 16 Else when thou shall bless with the Spirit how shall he that occupieth the room of the unlearned say Amen at the giving of thanks Ans 1. Let it be observed again that the Author is seeking for Responses from this Text in Prayer but the Text speaketh of giving Thanks and Praising and the following Verse also if it be said Prayer and Praises are one this cannot be for Praises and Prayer are made two distinct parts of Worship 2. The scope of this Scripture
natural man discerneth not the things of God for they are foolishness unto him neither can he know them because they are spiritually discerned But I must go forward lest this little piece of Work prove biger than I designed therefore shall not now insist upon that other great and gracious Promise Zech 12. 10. And I will pour upon the house of David and upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem the Spirit of grace and supplications All Christs Children and Family being Typified by the House of David the Spirit of Grace for their Sanctification and of Supplications to enable them to pray is here promised The Author could not find out one such Promise now he hath moe much good may they do him and much of that Spirit of Grace and Supplications be upon us all and this we will by Gods grace perswade our People to depend upon as a rich and precious Promise of God to all the Children of God and therefore not by extraordinary Inspiration as the Author giveth out Page 45. He saith Neither is there any command in Scripture requiring us to worship or pray to God in a conceived extemporary or unpremeditated Prayer or so much as an example in a settled ordinary Congregation where it was practised Ans If all conceived Prayer be destitute of the Command of God then all Extemporary Prayer must necessarly be Will-worship and therefore unlawful Why then did the Author say page 54. That extemporary prayer was not unlawful for my heart I cannot get his words cemented for to say it s not unlawful in worship and yet no Command of God for it cannot be reconciled Yet 2. This which the Author saith That there is no command of God for such prayers is no less than to charge all in the Christian World as guilty of Will-worship when ever they use extemporary prayers 3. Is there no Command to pray without a Form Job is commanded to pray for his Friends let the Author shew by what form he was to pray or what form was extant for such an unparallell'd Case Jer. 29. 7. The Prophet requireth the people carried Captives to Babylon that they should pray for the peace of the City where they were Captives where is the form by which they shall pray They are commanded to pray but we find no form prescribed them plenty of such instances might be given where men are commanded to pray but no colour of any form of words 4. As for examples where extemporary prayers were used in Congregations he cannot but know that all the Records we have of publick prayers in the New Testament are all without a form of words this therefore is inadvertently urged by the Author because it plainly crosseth his design Page 46. We have a new Argument for forms which is but lost labour Disputing against no opponent when he saith whosoever prayeth to God with faith sincerity fervency love c. he prayeth acceptably to God and that one praying by a form may have all these qualifications Ans All this being conceded what gaineth the Author except he would make it appear that no man hath these qualifications who prayeth without the words of a form which can never be proved and the more the Author essay it he rusheth still the deeper in contradicting his own words whereof he hath been often minded he expresly saith page 49. The Spirit of Prayer is the Grace the heart the disposition and ability to pray and whether it be with or without a form such a mans prayers are acceptable to God 2. Since then that Prayers by the help of the Spirit are acceptable to God without a form Why doth the Author make it his intire concern to Dispute against such Prayers as he acknowledgeth are acceptable unto God 3. He doth not find us asserting That all Prayers by a form are unacceptable to God but as our Larger Catechism so we say That the Lords Prayer may be used as a Prayer and hereby that venerable Assembly of Divines has left it as their Master Christ left it when his people pray either to say the words or to pray after this manner Page 47. The Author saith That we sing forms of Prayer The Dissenters make no scruple to turn these Forms of Prayer into Metre and then sing them Line by Line after the Minister and quoteth the beginning of the fifth Psalm Ans We sing the words of the Psalms because we are required to sing them whether they be materially Praises or Prayers they are formally Psalms by the Institution of God and so we use them so that this argument is of no weight 2. As for our manner of singing one line being read after another we allow it as an expedient for Edification that these who sing may thereby have the more time to consider what they sing in the praises of God 3. It s strange inadvertency to find the Author so frequently accusing that manner of singing which he confesseth is used by themselves how the Church of England will be satisfied with such Reflections and exposing their own manner of Worship I leave to themselves But these extemporary Prayers are most unhappy things in the Author's Eye For Page 48. Extemporary or conceived prayers may want these qualifications of prayer as I believe will not be denied and may be performed without reverence or decency of expression and the Scriptures observe that a man may make long prayers and yet have a mind disposed to devour widows houses Ans 1. That conceived Prayes may want Spiritual qualifications is not doubted and so may Prayers by a Form these may be 's say nothing men may be mockers of Prayer both without and by a form But what followeth shall men therefore neither pray by a Form nor without a Form 2. For that Observation that a man may make long prayers and yet devour widows houses I Ans 1. That the Question under Debate is not about long or short prayers and how it dropeth in here I know not for its impertinent to the Subject in hand But 2. That such who make long prayers may devour Widows Houses by injustice breach of Covenants and oppression I doubt not for many poor Souls find it so at this day and do now complain of it Page 49. 1 Cor. 14. 15. I will pray with the Spirit I will pray with the understanding I will sing with the spirit I will sing with the understanding also And page 50. It s unreasonable to interpret singing with the Spirit in one sense and praying with the spirit in a contrary Ans The scope of that Scripture will shew the Authors mistake because the singing and praying mentioned in that Scripture are by immediat inspiration as is acknowledged by all and therefore neither their singing nor praying could be by any set form but as the Spirit of God did inspire it only for the profit of others the Apostle instructeth to sing and pray with understanding This understanding in this place being passively
no where prescribed to us such a rule Therefore mens reading much cannot be the reason why they are nearest the rule if there be any such rule make it appear and if there be no rule prescribing how much with what colour can it be said you come nearest the rule for it 's yet under debate but that less reading and expounding what is read to edification will be found nearer the rule than much reading where no help is given for peoples understanding the Scriptures 6ly These come not nearest the rule who read too much and more than God hath given direction to read as any part of his Service or Worship but you know who read Apocrypha in God's publick Service which he hath given no rule for therefore such come not nearest the rule 7ly These cannot be said to come nearest the rule who read too little or may be never that which God hath prescribed to be read but you know who lay aside a considerable part of the Scriptures from their publick Service Worship and then those who do so are not nearest the rule If it be said that no Scriptures are left out but such as are less proper and profitable for ordinary Assemblies yet the word of God saith all Scripture is given by inspiration and is profitable for Doctrine reproof c. Again if it be said that Ministers are allowed to read all the Scriptures in publick and yet if men be tasked every Lords day and Holy day they must hold by their Task Page 78 For the more Solemnity of these readings our Church joyns with each of them Praises Thanksgivings or Confessiones according to what we find practiced in the Holy Scriptures Ans If what they joyn to these readings be not Instituted of God then let the Author conscientiously mind his second position Page 3. That the Holy Scriptures contain the Revelations of God's Will concerning his Worship and beware of adding or joyning what is not prescribed by these Scriptures Page 79 It 's ordered in our Church that the Ministers shall explain some part of the Holy Scriptures every Lords day and exhort their Congregations in a Sermon Ans If there be no more Scripture explained but the Text before a Sermon your hearers are at a great loss tho' you should read twenty Chapters every Lords day and explain nothing but a Text. SECT 3. Page 82. The Author chargeth dissenters with the neglect of teaching the principles of Religion saying That tho' a man frequent your meetings all his life yet he has no security or hardly possibility of Learning from your publick teachings all the great mysteries of his Religion or the necessary principles of his Faith And hence it happens that hardly any one man in his life ever goes through the necessary articles of Faith or of practice in his publick Sermons and for the truth of this I appeal to your selves Ans The Reader who is a stranger to us may readily think how can this be false being asserted by a person of such Note and with such confidence appealing also to our selves for it's truth and seing he hath appealed to our selves I declare upon certain knowledge that what he hath asserted is a most unjust imputation for which he hath cause to ask forgiveness of God and I do appeal to many thousand now living who are ordinarly witnessess to the contrary and many of the Authors own perswasion know the contrair with what peace of conscience can any man thus impose upon strangers And impress future generations with that which is so far from truth it being publickly known that we ordinarly and orderly go through all the Heads of our Christian Faith in our publick Sermons Page 82. You have no Summary of principles injoyned either to be read or taught in your publick Assemblies tâ— aâ— Catechism you have but neither your directory nor practice make it any part of your Lords-days-Service and besides your Catechism is such that it no wayes answers the design of a Form of sound words I have already shewed that such a Form should contain only the first and necessary principles of the Oracles of God in such words and methods as may make it easily apprehended and retained by the weak and unlearned which make up the bulk of the people but your Catechism is full of hard words School Terms and abstruse notions no wise necessary to be known by the generality of Christians c. Ans Our Catechism is above the Authors censure and men of as great Authority and abilities as he of his own perswasion have still spoken of that Book with regard and recommended it to others as sound and profitable he doth but lessen himself by his Reflections against that Composure let the Reader judge what mean arguments he hath against it only he sheweth what Spirit he is of 2ly Whereas it 's not injoyned as any part of our Lords-days-Service Ans Tho' our Catechism be a sound and full Summary of Christian principles yet we know it to be but a humane Composure and therefore make it no part of our worship if by Service he understandeth worship as he frequently useth these words Service and worship Promiscuously we must have Institution for what we offer to God in his Service yet these principles are frequently explained on the Lords day and that not only occasionally but in order according to the method of our Catechism 3ly But the Author hath shewed that such a Catechism should contain only c. Ans The Author hath said but not shewed to his Reader that it should be as he saith except all he saith must be taken for demonstration 4. But our Catechism is full of hard words Ans It s good the Author hath no worse to say otherways we should hear of it 2. But why doth he not give instances of these hard words Some who have read our Catechism say They find not such a hard word in it all as god father and god-mother nor such words as God the Son hath redeemed me and all mankind 3. It was necessary our Catechism should have words significant and expressive of the matter and if any of these words be less obvious to the capacity of young or ignorant people we are at pains to explain such words 5ly But our Catechism is too long Ans And what if the Catechism of some others be too short give instances of what is redundant or superfluous we would think our Catechism very defective if it wanted the Doctrine of the Creation and of Mans Fall from God the Attributes of God the Natures of Christ and his Offices the nature of Justifying Faith and Sanctification c. Page 83. Besides all this it is so long and intricat even the shorter that not one Child in ten ever gets it by heart nor one in five hundred retains it as I have found by experience Ans I would gladly be acted by the Spirit of meekness but the Author's words are so provocking even in
Institution to read the whole Law at once I believe the Author will make less reading serve him for one day so then he findeth not our Institution from this Scripture Is it from Joshua's practice but Joshua's reading the whole Law together will be found too great measure also Shall we have this Institution from Ezra's practice at that extraordinary time Neh. 8. 3. Where Ezra read from morning until mid-day but this will be thought an extraordinary time the people not having seen the Law for a long time before and therefore not a rule for ordinary Assemblies 2ly When the Law was then read expounding attended the reading and therefore is was not the meer pure reading only which the Author seeketh after 3ly If any should suppose their reading so long to be a precedent or rule for others to read as long and so begin and practise it yet according to the Author no Copy can come so near the Original as his way who appointeth four Chapters so the Institution for how much reading cannot be had here But may we have it from the practice of reading in the Synagogues no for if we had an account how much they read many would question if their practice could found an Institution to us Where then shall we find this Institution may we not warrantably when we are looking every where for it take into consideration Christ's practice in reading Luk. 4. Who so far as is recorded to us read but a few verses of a Chap. and then closed the Book Shall we consider the practice of his Apostles but there we shall find much Preaching but little or no reading performed by themselves in publick Assemblies Let not the reader mistake as if I were pleading either for little or no reading in publick Assemblies but am only in pursuit of that Institution mentioned by the Author whereupon he foundeth his challenge that we read too little Scripture tho' it was his work to have discovered this Institution before he had charged others with guilt for breach of it Seing then that it doth not appear either by express Scripture or necessary consequence that there is any particular Institution of God oblidging Ministers to read so much or so little at one time in publick Assemblies then no men have power to prescribe where God hath not prescribed having no Commission for it and seing they have no power to prescribe then they have no power to judge and condemn for not following their dictates Yet God hath not left us destitute of general rules whereby our practice may be safely determined 1 Cor. 14 26. Let all things be done to edifying this direction is given by the Apostle for the due ordering of the several parts of the worship of God when they came together in their Assemblies that they should have this general rule before all their eyes viz. The edification of the hearers some of them thought the time of their worship should be spent in one part of religious work and some in another but the Apostle requires to let all center in this of publick Edification This general rule was given to such as were called of God and fitted to Officiate and speak in Christian Assemblies the greatest or most eminent of them had no Authority but for edification 2 Cor. 10. 8. The authority given the Apostle Paul was for no more Seing then that the Ministers of Christ are to do all in his Service for edification then this is to be their great Study that by Christs direction they may manage all the parts of his Worship in such Season and Order as may be fittest for the edification of his people and to make this the more evident it should be considered that Christ hath appointed his Ministers to feed his flock and as Stewards of the Mysteries of God to give his people their portion in due Season as those who must give an account to their Master therefore to these Stewards it belongeth by their Masters direction to distribute the portion and proportion of food fit for them and consequently the time to be spent in reading Preaching and Praying in publick Assemblies Page 84. The Author solaceth himself that by their reading much one may know where to find the Worship of God in its purity One would think this alone were sufficient to shew the people where the worship of God is in it's purity and to prove our Assemblies to be the true Church of God against all that come in competition with us Ans Let him not who puteth on his Armour boast as he that puteth it off for to make much reading of Scripture a proof of the purity of a Church is a false sign for the Church of the Jews had much reading of Scriptures the Author hath quoted them already for much reading yet even then they were in a most corrupt State specially by their own Traditions which they added to the Word of God For which cause our Saviour saith their worship was vain let all concerned take notice of this who still keep a door open for the inventions of men in the worship of God 2ly If this new opinion of the Author would pass through the world as an Oracle that every Church who read much Scriptures is a pure Church then how easie were it for the most degenerate Aposttate Church in the world for retriving the reputation of Purity to appoint much Scripture to be read I doubt not but upon condition that all the reformed Churches would esteem the Apostate Church of Rome a pure Church and consequently return to her again she would soon appoint Scriptures to be read in abundance for by the Author's argument this of reading much would prove her pure what ever abominations she were sunk in otherwayes What the Author hath further Page 86. is all answered except reviling saying twice we are self condemned I will not revile again nor desire the Reader to do it yet by what is already conserted if he be judicious he will know who are self condemned Page 86. The Author cometh to answer six pretences against reading of Scriptures in publick which are all but wasting his own and his Readers time pretences he may call them but who are the pretenders I know not for they are not of our Communion who either give or pretend such reasons and therefore may rationally dismiss them whole Sale as nothing concerned in them Whether these reasons be Excogitat or heard by the Ear he best knows However any thing occurring in them new and not answered already shall be considered as occasion requireth The first reason is that the people are oblidged to read the Scriptures at home and being thus acquainted with them the reading of them is not necessary in their publick meetings Ans 1. In short we have and give no reason against reading Scriptures in publick therefore his answer is superfluous as to us Yet 2. Private reading of Scriptures is an ordinance of God as sure as publick reading 3.
not think it lawful altogether to omit reading of the Word of God in a publick Christian Assembly conveened for the Worship of God for we are to expect the Assembly sanctified by the Word and Prayer to pass from much reading to no reading is too great haste Page 94. His fourth pretence is That the Scriptures are hard to be understood or applyed and therefore only so much of them ought to be read at a time as the Minister may apply to his Auditory Ans Albeit this pretence or Objection hath more to say for it self than the rest Yet we pretend to no manner of Reason against publick reading seing its both our principle and practice therefore it s not candide to represent us to the World as enemies to it and disputing against our common practice 2ly To Explain Scripture to the people we judge necessary and the very way of God fitted for Edification practised by our Saviour himself the Levites the Prophets and the Apostles and to represent us as Expounding or applying only a Verse is not fair that being your own way not ours to explain but a verse or two on the Lords Day it being common with us to expound ten times more Scripture every Lords Day than you do conceiving it a very mean discharge of a Ministers duty only to read and so have done and never found to be the way of Christ or any of his Apostles whose work in publick was always to Expound and apply Scripture and therefore our way in publick Gospel administrations is more agreeable to Christ and his Apostles way than yours Page 94. It s the opinion of the Reformed Churches that the Scriptures are plain in all things necessary to Salvation Ans And yet it s the general opinion of the Reformed Churches that Scripture should be Expounded to the people 2ly Though God in his mercy hath made the Essentials of Christianity plain yet nevertheless the Apostle made it his care to make known the whole counsel of God we are obliged to make full proof of our Ministry in helping the people to know their whole duty to God revealed in the Scripture 3ly If this argument of the author hath any strength it militateth against all Ministerial Instructions and that no more is necessary but read the Foundamentals of the Christian Religion to the people and so have done 4ly Do not some wrest the Scriptures to their own destruction and whose duty is it so much as Ministers to prevent this danger by explaining these things that are hard to be understood But the Author still appears out of Charity with this Explaining and applying for Ibid The holy Scriptures when heard with humility and attention apply themselves better than any man can do Ans If it were as the Author saith then there is little use for a Ministry in the World and at most a reading ministry might do all let them but read well and the Scriptures will apply themselves the Christian World then is but cheated to be at so vast a charge for maintaining Ministers only to read 2ly To say that Scriptures apply themselves without any adventitous help or assistance is not sound the Author should leave place at least for the help of the Spirit of God without which Scripture will never apply themselves 3ly The Author here disputeth against the very Examples that Christ and his Apostles hath given us in applying of Scriptures not being of his mind that the Scriptures would apply themselves 4ly If the Scriptures apply themselves How was it then that the Disciples of Christ who cannot be said to want humility and attention and had often heard the Scripture yet continued so slow either to understand or believe the Scriptures they could never find the Scriptures applying themselves until Christ opened the eyes of their understanding Page 95. It ought therefore to be our first care to read them to the people often and solemnly that they may be acquainted with the whole body of them and then one word of Application may do more good than many Sermons Ans Besides all the Scriptures that we solemnly read and make use of in our publick Assemblies wherein we are not behind with our neighbours I say besides it s our care to exhort our people to diligence in reading Scriptures in privat for the increase of Scripture knowledge the performance whereof they find to be blessed of God according to his promise Wishing our Neighbours were more exhorted to the same duty this serveth also to refel the Calumny insinuated in the Authors following words saying That our not reading looketh like a design on the people and is agreeable to the artifices of Romish Priests This Suggestion is irrational to say that Ministers are on a design of concealing Scriptures who exhort beseech and obtest the people to diligence in reading them in so much that its censurable amongst us if there be a known and common neglecter of this duty I wish these words Psal 15. 3. be dayly considered What the Author Pages 96 97 and 98 delivereth requireth no answer containing no new Argument and for calling the Scriptures a dead letter we abhor it tho the Author makes it the fifth pretence against reading Page 99. The pretence is That a Child may read the Scriptures and so perform this Duty Ans Neither do we make this a pretence against publick reading for tho it be true upon the matter that a Child may read yet we know that reading the Word of God in publick Christian Assemblies belongeth to the Ministers of the Gospel and accordingly we practise and employ no Children for that Work Page 100. The Author giveth instance of an advice in our Directory To read over all the Canonical Books of Scripture in order Ans Let the Reader observe that there 's no Apocripha to be read by this Advice 2ly That they directed no Canonical Scripture to be lest out of publick Gospel administrations so that they were on no design to conceal Scriptures from the people 3ly I know where this of reading the Scriptures in order was not only designed but begun by some of our number and considerable progress made but Persecution driving them from publick work and the people of our perswasion under great sufferings their Ministers were constrained to select such Scriptures as were most apposit for instructing exhorting and comforting an afflicted people All that I find further to the end of this Chapter beareth no argument but are meer groundless Invectives and I shall only say that if I found my self so keen for much publick reading and inclined to discourage privat reading of the Word of God I could not but suspect my self to be acted by a Pharisaical Spirit CHAP. 4. Of Bodily VVorship SECT 1. I Find a great Defect in all the Authors Discourse by his not stating the question betwixt Dissenters and him upon any of the Heads he Treateth which method requireth to be first done that so the Reader might know
distinctly what is maintained by the Author and what is denyed by Dissenters but he abruptly ingageth in Probations before his Reader can know what it is that must be proved whereby its impossible for him rationally or convincingly to place a Censure as for instance in this same Chapter he beginneth off hand with his Proofs of Bodily Worship which Dissenters deny not and so goeth on imposing on his Reader as if we were all stated Enemies to Bodily Adoration which is an injust Imputation 2ly The Authors stating of Bodily Worship as bodily without internal Adoration as one of the distinct grand parts of Worship by its self is not safe because Bodily Worship separated from internal adoration can be no acceptable Worship to God which is the rather to be adverted because in the following Discourse it will appear that the Author will have it Worship yea accepted Worship where not only there was a privation and want of inward homage but a fixt hatred of the Object externally worshiped Before I proceed to examine the Authors Arguments it will not be amiss to take notice of his Concession on this Head Page 133. saying But that in whatsoever place or whatever time in whatsoever posture we offer up our Spirits and hearts to God we are accepted of him This must be whether we pray sitting lying standing or kneeling c. This breaketh the bones of all his arguments seing praying with grace in the heart will be acceptable to God in any posture All the Author hath on this first Section until Page 106. are probations for bodily worship or external Adoration and the Scriptures quoted we accept without dispute knowing we should glorifie God in body and Spirit according to his command But here he beginneth a retreat from his concession as too ample and to say truth it was too large being so ill cautioned his words now are It being a contempt of God and contrary to his Commands to pray to him for instance without some posture of adoration when we can do it Ans This is an unwarrantable censure besides it 's being contradictory to his Concession for Elijah so far as we can understand by his circumstances might have choosed another posture when he sat and spake to God 1 Kings 19. 6. whom we cannot charge with contempt of God being a Prophet so zealous for his glory When our Saviour gave the miracle of feeding so many thousands with a few loaves Matth. 14. 19. he commanded the people to sit down on the grass and looking up to Heaven he blessed and brake c. Here was sitting at most Divine and Solemn worship and yet no contempt on the peoples part for they were Commanded to sit down Godly men who are acquainted with continual resorting into God and making their requests known to him in every thing praying alwayes may often in a day yea possibly in one hour direct their prayers unto God The Artificer in his Shop the Merchant in a publick Exchange the Souldier at his Post may find it necessary to send from their hearts many ejaculatory prayers in the posture they are in without contempt of God tho' they could alter their posture knowing they might have moe than one of these short usual prayers before they could get the posture of their bodies altered and fitted for external adoration so that the Author should have better cautioned his censures Page 107. 108. Are only proofs that bodily worship is due and therefore no answer necessary seing we are as much for it as the Author in the season God requireth it but in this last Page he giveth instance of bodily worship from devils our Saviour looked on this bodily worship to be so indispensably his due that he accepted of it from the very Devils Mark 3. 11. And unclean spirits when they saw him fell down before him and cried thou art the son of God Ans The Author is proving the duty of bodily worship and how Devils who are spirits can perform bodily worship I know not seing they have no bodies but what they assume or possess It 's certainly the duty of Angels good and bad to Adore the Son of God but an example from their manner of worship to bodily worship is not rational when we seek examples of that which is to be performed bodily we must seek it from such as have bodies and Devils possessing bodies are but miserable examples and to say the worship of Devils was accepted by Christ is a piece of new Divinity for accepting a performance imports approbation approbation of an Act imports it's conformity to the Rule God hath prescribed how then any actions of Devils can be accepted approved and conformed to the rule given by God whatever that rule was let the Author make out Christ came to destroy their works this should the rather be observed because of what the Author sayeth Page 110th But bending or bowing of the body is that which is properly in Scripture called worship as signifying immediatly and naturally the bending and submission of our Souls and nothing else How the external worshiping of Devils will naturally signifie the submission of the minds in Devils who hate Christ and his Dominion let the Author see to it I shall have occasion for farther Reflection on this hereafter and so pass it now and that our Saviour accepted their service is against the Text for he rejected it not liking such preachers withal it 's most probable these Devils designed a publick affront to our Saviour in giving him a testimony as his friends that so Christs malicious enemies might have their blasphemy fortified that he did cast out Devils by the prince of Devils as followeth in the same Chap. verse 22. by the prince c. Page 110. If we look into the Scriptures we shall not find praying praising c. Termed worship they are indeed duties which we ought to perform to the honour of God but not immediat direct Acts of worship properly so called and in a few lines after praises immediatly signifie the sense we have of Gods Excellencies Ans Why then did the Author in his distribution of worship into its parts set down praises in the front as the primary worship if it be not a direct Act of worship 2ly Praise is more then a sense of Gods Excellencies having Emanant Acts towards God the object and is not only a Religious impression 3ly With the Author 's good leave the Scriptures speak very properly and there we find praising and glorifying God allowed the name of worship Psal 86. 9. All Nations whom thou hast made shall come and worship before thee O Lord and shall glorifie thy Name Praise is the most direct and immediate glorifying of God and the most proper Act of Adoration Psal 66. 4. All the Earth shall worship thee and shall sing unto thee they shall sing to thy Name Ibid. But bending or bowing the body is that which is properly in Scripture called worship See this
House and this being religious Worship let the Author consider how this practice can be reconciled to the second Command Page 116. Vncovering the Head is a common work of respect and then followeth a digression concerning covering the Head which is not material to the purpose in hand But Page 117. However being an honour payed to men there is no reason why it should not be payed to God Ans Custom having prevailed among us to make uncovering the Head a sign of Deference and conferring honour on others is therefore practiced by us in acts of religious Worship as Prayer Praises and hearing the immediat Words of God read as a part of his Worship but this is no argument to uncover the Head to any Creature when thereby religious reverence and worship is designed but at length other pillars failing as not able to bear up the honour conferred on Churches the Author hath recourse to his rich Magazine where there is no want And it is one of the Articles of our Church that the Church has power to order Rites and Ceremonies that is to determine what particular things comes under the Apostles general word of Decency Ans Here it s to be observed that the Author is defending religious bowing when they enter the Church which is worship and for proof of its lawfulness fairly maketh this his Argument Our Church has power to order Rites and Ceremonies it followeth then that by this power the church may appoint new worship the inference is native seing according to the author it s therfor lawfull to bow the head religiously because the church hath this power I desire he would review his first preliminarie position that it belongs to God only to give rites how he will be worshiped how can these two stand it belongeth to God only and yet the church hath the power to institute new worship If the Church hath such power it were a most necessary service and justice to the World to discover and make once that commission appear whereby the Church is invested with this power and if no man can make it appear why is such a power assumed That the Church hath power to order external circumstances necessarly belonging to the Worship of God and determinable by the prudent use of natures light and the general rules of Scripture is readily yielded but what is this to a power of prescribing worship which God hath not prescribed as to bow the head religiously unto or before any creature as sharer in the worship here the Author overstretcheth the article Page 118. We stand at our praisings thanksgivings c. at our confessions of sin and at our prayers we present our selves before God on our knees Ans That there ought to be signs of religious reverence in all acts of immediat commanded worship we are agreed but there appeareth no reason why the Author should make such a difference between confession of sin and prayers for confession of sin and thanksgivings are performed in prayer and for confessions of Faith I demand by what rule they are made any part of worship except as they may be comprehended under the heads of Prayer or Praises As for kneeling in the time of Prayer which I know is most noticed let the reader understand that we are far from offending at the kneeling of others in publick assemblies but standing is also a warrantable praying posture which is our practice and in numerous Congregations such as by the Lords Mercy we have conveniency for kneeling cannot be had without forcing many of the Congregation to such a distance as they could not hear the Prayers which in their hearts they should offer up to God Ibid The Author asserteth another sort of kneeling than kneeling in prayer viz. a kneeling before the Elements of Bread and Wine in the Lords Supper We celebrat the Holy Sacrament of the Body and Bloud of Christ in a worshiping posture I know that many except against this Ans Many do except against it and of all the Arguments you have mustered not one of them passeth muster and no wonder others make exception seing your self makes the first exception before ever you bring them to the field as by your appended marginal Not appeareth saying the Authors intention is not to assert that the Scriptures require kneeling at the Lords Supper I see a bad cause will sometimes make the courage of a Champion to faint If the Scripture require not kneelling at the Lords Supper with what confidence can any man require it why are we charged as deficient seing the Scripture doth not require To what purpose did the Author write these words in his Preliminaries That the holy Scriptures contain the revelations of Gods will concerning his worship and yet by the Author the Holy Scriptures contain not this kneeling as any Revelation of his will it followeth undenyably therefore kneeling at the Lords Table is no Revelation of Gods will if this conclusion be displeasing blame the Authors two propositions his marginal Note that can admit of no other conclusion and thus he yieldeth the Cause leaving kneeling before the Elements of Bread and Wine deprived of any Revelation of Gods will let him advise us now what name we shall give it the Authors own words constraineth me to place it among the meer unwarrantable Inventions of men But the Author will not yet let it pass therefore addeth in his marginal Note but to shew that it is not contrary to the institution of Christ or practice of the Apostles who compare our receiving it with the Jews partaking of their Altar to which they approached with adoration Ans We shall have the Author answering himself in this also by his first Position Page 3d That it belongeth only to God to give Rules how he will be worshipped For if it belong to God only then there is no place left for mans prescribing of Worship whether the worship prescribed be contrary or not contrary yet it s an encroachment on Gods peculiar Prerogative to prescribe his own worship 2ly We find the Lord charging guilt on this account because he did not command Jer. 7. 31. They have built the high places of Tophet c. which I commanded them not neither came it into my heart Their wicked practices of burning their Sons and their Daughters in the fire was contrary to Gods Law yet the way that God taketh to express their guilt is because God had not commanded it So Jer. 14. 14 and 19. 5. and 23. 32. which the Reader may peruse and shall find in all these places the displeasure of God discovered because they acted without his command so that the Author's endeavours to make it appear that kneeling at the Lords Table is not contrary to the Institution of Christ will not deliver it from the reflection of being a meer invention of man However the Author essayeth what the Scriptures will do for him First The altar was of Old the Lords Table from whence his
brought in Transubstantiation which engageth the Papists to this worship because of Christs supposed bodily presence but this you do not pretend Page 138. Your directory does not require or allow the people so much as to signifie their assent by adding an Amen to Prayer or Thanksgiving but on the contrary you ridicule those that practise it Ans Our people signifie their assent by much more than the word Amen by attentive hearing the Word and being uncovered when the Word of God is read by joyning with the Minister in Prayer and standing up by singing of Psalms joyntly together c. Let the Authors Concession Page 36. be remembred where he saith Generally it is sufficient that the people joyn in their hearts with the words of publick prayer 2ly We commonly use the word Amen in conclusion of our Prayers wherein the people joyn in their hearts with the Minister as well as in the rest of the Prayer Yet 3ly under the New Testament it s to be observed that the prayers of the Apostles recorded are not found to be concluded with Amen But that which should make all men sober in their Censures on this account is that the Lords Prayer according to the Evangelist Luke concludeth not with Amen I am no ways against the use of it and for ridiculing others for using that word I never heard or knew any such thing they cannot be of our communion who will deride a Ministers concluding prayers with Amen for we use it ordinarly both in publick and privat Page 140. The third pretence Some alledge for their omitting this part of Gods Worship that they do not condemn bodily adoration but to stand up and kneel in the Congregation is so troublesom to them c. Ans This also is answered before it s not unwillingness to expend but as I said already all in the Congregation could not conveniently hear the prayer wherewith they are to joyn if conveniency were prepared for every ones kneeling and I have observed some in this congregation who were near kneeling in the time of publick prayer having conveniency for it but there is none with us to ridicule them for that practice tho the Author saith Page 143 That he could never learn that any one kneeled in our Meetings but I have learned it and seen it having better occasion to know it than the Author and he may by this time perceive it had been very advisable that in matters of Fact his assertions had been such as might have faced the Sun As for Paul and his company kneeling on the shore Act 20. Ans The Reader by this time will understand our principle as to kneeling in worship and all who know our way know it to be our dayly practice heartily wishing there were as many knees bowed to God in families of our neighbours as there are bowed in the Church CHAP. 5. Of the Lords Supper SECT 1. WHat the Holy Scriptures prescribe concerning the frequency of celebrating it Page 145. I shall confine my self to one point and that is the frequency of it as a publick act of Worship As to the frequency of Celebrating the Lords Supper I find many people of opinion that the Scriptures have determined nothing in it and that therefore it is left intirely to the discretion of Ministers how often they will Celebrat it Ans The Author writeth Page 147. That himself is of the same mind our Saviour has confined us to no place or prefixt time for the celebration of his Supper The Scriptures constrain the Author to this Concession but being granted it will break all the bones of his Arguments for seing Christ hath not prescribed the frequency Then who may presume to do it Shall not their prescriptions be found the Commandments of men I do not say but the circumstance of time must be appointed when this Ordinance shall be put in practice for it must be done in some time and that time must be determined for the Lords Supper requires preparation before receiving and therefore a competent allowance of time must be granted before the Celebration but seing our Saviour hath not prefixed the times nor told us how often we shall celebrat therefore men cannot make general Rules obliging all Christians to such or such prefixed times whether opportunities offer or not Because Christ hath given his Churchs liberty as to the precise times but particular Churches must consider and consult the publick edification of the people and accordingly such times must be appointed by these whom the Lord hath intrusted with the feeding of his flock and giving them their meat in due season Page 146 On this account every one is left to judge for himself when he will be a partaker of it as he thinks it most fit for his comfort and edification which makes the celebration and receiving it so Arbitrary a thing that many never receive it at all and the Universal neglect of it is become one of the crying sins of these Kingdoms and a great objection against the Reformation Ans A judgment of discretion must be allowed all men whom God hath endued with Reason and must not be driven to Act brutally without discretion but especially Christians are required to Act in receiving of the Lords Supper with the greatest discretion and deliberation being under that severe warning he that eateth and drinketh unworthily eateth and drinketh damnation to himself and is guilty of the Body and blood of the Lord. A Christian thus warned must be perswaded in his own mind and dare not trust his preparation to the discretion of others knowing he must give an account to God for himself 2ly That seldom communicating is a crying sin Ans Where contempt of the Sacrament is the cause of not receiving no doubt but the sin is very crying but where there is no contempt or wilful neglect of that Ordinance but longing for some competent measure of preparation or opportunity for re-receiving without a strain to their Conscience which are the reasons why many seldom Communicat In these cases their seldom receiving will not be found so crying a sin as many other sins less noticed profaned Communions wheresoever common and horrid Swearers God dammees Adulterers Drunkards are admitted to be receivers the sin is more crying It is also a more crying sin to thrust from the Lords Table such as God hath prepared by imposing such Terms of Communion as these who would partake know to be sinful these are more crying sins wheresoever they are found besides blasphemies Idolatry contempt of Sabbaths Murders oppression breach of covenants and promises c. These and the like are far more crying sins than seldom receiving at the Lords Table where no contempt can be charged Page 147 The Lords Supper is substituted in the place of the Passover which was commanded by the Law to be celebrated once in the year Ans This occasioneth no dispute for it 's plain truth yet that the passover was but once a year
Day 4ly His arguments for every dayes celebration are Acts the 11. 46. They continued daily c. And 1 Cor. 10. 20. When ye come together c. 5ly The Apostles understood what Christ meant by these words Do this c. And if they made this Feast a constant part of their ordinary worship we may conclude Christ meant it should be so 6ly No Solemn Stated meetings of Christians without this Sacrament His arguments for the first day of the weeks being the time of celebration are Actâ— 20. 7. From which he saith two things may be observed 1st that the first day of the week was the Disciples time of publick worship 2d That the breaking of bread or Celebrating the Holy Eucharist was a part of that worship the Scripture is as plain for the one as the other 1st Now let the Reader observe that the Author having given up all claime to Scripture precept for the time of celebrating the Lords Supper he searcheth for it in Examples 2ly He bringeth Examples of different times from the Apostles practice 3ly He cometh close up to a Divine Institution for both these differing times because for every days partaking he saith the Apostles knew what Christ meant and if they made it a constant part of their worship Christ saith he meant it so also And for the other viz. The first day of the week he saith the Scripture is as plain for the Sacrament that day as for observing the day it self 4ly There being here two Apostolick practices of equal authority which of them is preceptive or oblidging to us If the Author say the latter of the two then how will he answer himself saying that the Disciples did meet every day 2 that at every meeting they did celebrate 3. And being a constant part of their ordinary worship we may safely conclude that Christ meant it should be so by the Authors arguments Then the daily celebration appeareth to have the greatest authority of the two what then shall be done next for fixing of the time No doubt he had best leave it as Christ himself did not confining us to a prefixed time and it 's evident that we cannot have the times when determined by Apostolick practices because in their own time the times of celebration were not one It will appear also by a more particular consideration of the places quoted Acts 2 46. Is expounded by judicious commentators to be only the Disciples ordinary food expressed by breaking of bread from House to house and as the remainder of that Verse sheweth they did eat their meat with gladness and singleness of heart The breaking of bread doth not alwayes signifie the Lords Supper Luke 24. 30. is ordinary food But the 42. Verse of the 2d of the Acts is the place where the Sacramental breaking is more clear and they continued stedfastly in the Apostles Doctrine and fellowship in breaking of bread and in Prayer but then it is not daily and 1 Cor. 11. 20. Sayeth no more but that sometimes yea frequently they did meet for the celebration of the Lords Supper but that they did never meet for worship on any other account but to celebrat the Lords Supper is dangerous for the Gospel was to be preached fully Christ commanded to teach all things whatsoever he had commanded them Matth. 28. and Acts 10. 42. He commanded us to preach to the people the Doctrine of Salvation and Christs gracious Transaction with sinners according to the Covenant of Grace was greater work and therefore more insisted upon by the Apostles than only the Sacramental Seal of the Covenant Therefore to say that their ordinary publick Assemblies for worship was on purpose as the Author saith Page 150 And one main design of their coming together Page 151 cannot be allowed for what is the Seal without the Doctrine and Covenant whereunto it is a Seal Observe also that tho' they came together at sometimes purposely for celebration of the Lords Supper as 1 Cor. 11 20. and Acts 20. 7. Yet this will not prove that all their meetings in Assemblies were on this account The Apostle Paul being by Gods merciful providence present with the people it was very expedient then to celebrate that they might be instructed by him in the right manner of celebration now leaving them Let the Reader also remember that by the Author the celebration of the Lords Supper was brought unto and fixed on the first day of the week Acts. 20. 7. And yet still he pursueth their celebrating at every meeting which was oftner than the first day of the week how he will reconcile and cement both I leave to himself for it 's past my reach to reconcil these The Primitive Christians did celebrate at every meeting 2. They did meet every day and 3. nevertheless it was fixed to the Lords day 4. And our Saviour design'd it should be a part of Gods Service in all the Solemn Assemblies of Christians which are on other days than the Lords day Let it be observed also that if they did meet daily for this purpose to celebrate then why is there any such peculiar remark on meeting on the Lords day for that purpose if all their meetings had been to celebrate There is reason from that Scripture Acts 20. 7. To conclude that there were ordinary Christian Assemblies on the first day of the week which were established by Christ himself before Paul was a Preacher for a religious memorial of his Resurrection and deliverance from all his Sufferings and on that day they did celebrate the Lords Supper But I could never see a Cogent argument from that Scripture proving the celebrating every Lords day because on that Lords day they did celebrate for there were most blessed Meetings on the Lords day when Christ himself was with his Disciples after his Resurrection And yet neither mention nor probability of celebrating his Supper as John 20. 19. On the first day of the week Jesus was with his disciples where there was a competent number as at the first Institution yet nothing of this celebration so Verse 26. after eight days again his Disciples were within and Thomas with them then came Jesus the doors being shut and stood in the midst yet nothing of this celebration so that we have neither prescription by Christ nor practice to give us example for celebrating every Lords day which is the more to be remarked that some of these times he did meet with them the Disciples were at meat when Christ came in among them as Mark 16. 14. And yet nothing of this Sacramental meat therefore the celebration was not every Lords day If any object that this celebration could not be where Christ was visibly present because he had said he would Drink no more of the fruit of the Vine until c. Ans Yet the Disciples might have celebrated by themselves but no mention of it is made But Page 150. Our Author saith that we do not find any Solemn Stated
here offered in defence of the service of our Church and therefore lest you should be in the wrong it will be the safest way to be modest in censuring Ans For disowning your Communion and authority reasons shall appear which would have sleept if you had suffered them As for prejudices from your station tho' we cannot believe all implicitly because of your Character yet reason shall be treated with reason so far as we are Masters of it Your first demand is that we seriously weigh what is offered in defence Ans Defence implyeth some opposition or injury offered but how doth this appear what disturbance were we giving who have been the first aggressors We were silent and would have so continued had you not emitted so virulent a discourse against our manner of worship which men of understanding who know the times judge very unseasonable and however Ministers of the Gospel of peace above all other men should most pursue Peace Your book then not being defensive but offensive arraigning us for a self condemned people you have extorted this vindication Lest by silence the world think as you say that we are self condemned for who can be blamed for condemning the self condemned but that you may know how obsequious I have been to your commands in weighing what is offered I do now return the Result that having brought all your arguments to the ballance they are found light declaring withal if they had prependerat on your side I should soon have been Truth 's captive We are desired to be modest in censuring and to beware of scurrulous Reflections Ans What were our censures give instances of the censures and censurers for it 's not fair to insinuat the guilt of scurrulous reflections never instructed but if we be docile the Art of censuring is now taught us who contented our selves as occasion required to instruct our people and justify by the word of God our manner of worship without reflecting on others I can produce many witnesses who have heard me often publickly declare that I intended no reflection against those of another perswasion tho' I was oblidged to discover Scriptural grounds for our own perswasion and now suffer so much freedom as to understand your own Book hath occasioned more of this Nature in Pulpits than probably would been published in this Age by any of us so that if our people be better confirmed in their own way by more distinct and explicit knowledge of what they profess and practise they are partly indebted to such as have ministred the occasion Page 171. There is another thing that in justice I think I may request of you which is that in your worship and practice you will not make the difference between us seem greater than realy it is to abstain from a thing confessed to be lawful in the Service of God meer ly because observed by us is surely very far from a spirit of meekness and moderation and therefore I may hope that you will not Indulge your people in such affected distances c. Ans The Author 's diputing against reflections and yet with the same breath Reflecteth in alledging we abstain from that which we confess Lawful because observed by theâ— God knoweth we affect not but are grieved for these distances wishing we could with a safe Conscience joyn with our neighbours in the worship of God But that we abstain from that we confess lawful cannot be instructed have any of us said that your ceremonies are either lawful or indifferent When was that confessed and to whom And that we abstain meerly because they are observed by you is still judging of mens hearts and it may still be observed that when men presume on Gods prerogative they run on mistakes calling good evil and evil good for if your observing were our only rule for abstaining then we would not read the Scriptures we would not offer praises to God for you observe these things Who are the censurers now and to prevent this unwarrantable prying into mens thoughts I shall discover some of our real sentiments and then judge as God directeth I do freely acknowledge that this Stated separation especially where the reasons of it are not known is a lamentable scandale to the protestant profession which we should be so far from affecting that all good men are concerned to endeavour making up of the breach by all laudable means because these intestine divisions not only hardneth our common enemy and encourageth them to Act and hope for an intire dissolution of the protestant interest at last but they also discipate our own strength causeth decayes in the power of Godliness and our merciful God provoked to take his Kingdom from among us 2ly When men are duly concerned with the woe of these divisions then they will be sollicitous to discover their fountain culpable cause 3ly The only sure way to find out the culpable cause is diligently and humbly to search the word of God what he requireth of us as to worship and willing to offer the Trial of all our way to that touch-stone tho' it be so that the most erroneous pretend to Scripture and the Devil pretended scripture yet we must not reject them tho' he profaned scriptures yet our Saviour still made use of them and silenced him by them no doubt but Satan and his instruments have it for their grand design to bring the Scriptures into contempt by misapplying and wresting of them but whether shall we go If not to Gods Law and Testimony which he hath appointed a lamp to our feet our Blessed Redeemer being ready to open the Scriptures to such as attend and depend upon him 4ly When either particular persons or Societies have diligently searched the Scriptures abstracting from all former prejudices by education or custom and observe clearly what manner of worship God hath prescribed then these persons or Societies are oblidged to practice and adhere to that manner of worship on peril of their Souls lest if they should offer that which is not commanded of God they be found offering strange fire unto him and so be consumed in their iniquity 5ly No persons or Societies on earth are warranded to devise and impose Acts of worship which God hath not commanded and if they do impose them should not expect complyance since they Act above their Sphere and God must be obeyed rather than men 6ly Every rational creature must be allowed the exercise of that judgment of discretion wherewithal his maker hath endued him and every Christian must be perswaded in his own mind that his manner of worship is conformed to the Laws of his Lord Redeemer If it be objected that this liberty to every Christian introduceth anarchy and utter confusion I answer that to compell men to Act as brutes and prostrate their very Souls and consciences to the lusts of men is no mean of Gods appointment for maintaining of Order God needeth no finful means for governing the World but this is a
worship be often at Prayer though the Sabbath must not be your only praying day read much Scripture and what profitable Books ye can purchase not books of Controversie being unsuitable for a Sabbath of Holy soul rest but such Books as do most press the Power of Godliness and Heavenliness of mind helps to prepare you for an eternal rest and in a special manner be requested not to neglect Meditation ye have much time on Sabbaths besides what is spent in publick worship and as you have much time so have you much necessary Holy work and it will be your Advantage to fix on some Method for the seasonable managing of every Duty and among other duties take some portion of the time for Meditation by it self when you are alone to mind the great works of God specially the great love of God manifested in the work of Redemption particularly to Meditate on the Blessed Redeemer and his Resurrection from the Dead and whether your selves do partake of the Power of his Resurrection if you be risen with Christ from your Death in sin For we have the Lords day in Memory of his Resurrection therefore the Meditation of it's Benefits is a most proper Lords days work most sweet to such as can say he hath begotten us again into a Lively hope by the Resurrection of Jesus Christ from the Dead being Children of God and Children of the Resurrection It is profitable also every Lords day after puklick worship to Meditate what hath been the Voice of God to us that day in particular that there may be suitable returns in our Practice I shall add only one word to you who are Masters of Families that you make Conscience of calling your Children and Servants to an Account of what they Hear in publick and of their proficiency in knowledge of the Principles of Christianity I must now Contract what I would say further though your true Comfort and Peace be much desired that you may Rejoyce and work Righteousness finding all the Paths of Wisdom Pleasantness and Peace the Joy of the Lord is your strength and the peace of God shall keep your hearts and minds when men are loading you with Reproaches God will plead the Cause of your Reproach and give Joy that no Stranger shall intermeddle with And that ye may be enabled not only to Suffer but to take pleasure in Reproaches for Christs sake possessing your Souls in Patience and Rejoycing in hope of the glory of God Labour 1. To have your Calling and Election made sure blessing God for such a Command and that many poor sinners on Earth have been made to know their Interest in a Building of God eternal in the Heavens that God had wrought them for the self same thing and given unto them the Earnest of the Spirit see that ye be wrought and made meet for that Inheritance for as Christ prepareth the Mansions so he prepareth the Inhabitants this requireth Diligence and let it not be wanting If God in his mercie give you the earnest of this Inheritance then grieve not the Holy Spirit whereby ye are Sealed unto the day of Redemption Beware of all sinning against Light and Wounding your Conscience for the Spirit beareth witness with our Spirit that we are the Children of God that is with our Consciences therefore be most tender of your Consciences that they be not defiled and so Rendered incapable of witnessing for your Comfort Endeavour to so grow in Grace and Spiritualness of mind that you may understand what it is to Delight in God blessing him also for this that there is such a Command in the word of God that ever any sinner on Earth is allowed so great a Dignity and Comfort but since it is allowed and required seek by all means the Experience of it that what ever be your Lot in the World you may declare your Lines are fallen out in pleasant Places and ye have a goodly Heritage and in all your Trials or Distresses may go unto God with humble confidence as your exceding Joy great is the Wo of that man who is miserable in this Life and God a Terror to him also a Christian therefore should not cease his endeavours until every thought of God be a Pleasure knowing him to be his own God and Father in Christ this will make you think no way so Pleasant as going to God this will make frequent Praying no Burthen this will make continual Resorting unto God in some respect easy as constrained to it by Love this will raise you above your worldly Griefs and above the Censures or Revilings of men here you find a Retiring and hiding Place from the Tempests and Storms which overturn others do not ye then Depend upon Creatures for your Comfort let every man prove his own Work and then shall he have Rejoycing in himself alone and not in another do not so much Idolize men either good or bad as to have your Comforts Ebbing or Flowing as they Frown or Smill it being below a Christian indeed the Sourse of whose Comforts is he alone who saith I even I am he that Comforteth you who art thou that thou shouldest be afraid of a man that shall Die and of the son of man which shall be made as grass FINIS
for their instruction Ans 1. That but one sang in publick Worship cannot be instructed but the contrary that they sung joynt Praises to God otherways it had been no publick Worship 2. If but one sung and the rest hearkned where then was the Response with what colour can this be made an Argument but his next Argument will be stronger if he can therefore Page 11. 1 Cor. 14. 31. For ye all prophesie one by one that all may learn and be comforted Prophesying here as we may find from the 26 Verse of this Chapter includes Psalms as well as Doctrines Tongues Revelations and Interpretations and the praising God one by one or by turns amounts to praising him by way of Responses Ans 1. There are no Responses here directly or indirectly the plain scope of the place is to establish due order in Church Assemblies for preventing confusion and for Prophesying one by one is no more but successively to deliver their Prophesies not to affect Precedence in uttering their Gifts or disturb one another and so cause confusion in the Assembly To call this Responses is a meer violenting of Scripture Consider 2ly He who had a Prophesie had it intire by himself no other concern'd in it until it was uttered the rest were to hear but to bear no part in his work and he who was to Prophesie next was to deliver what God gave him without any relation unto or dependence on what was spoken before no intermixing of their Discourses where then doth Responses appear which require some co-herence of matter But saith the Author Herein they acted according to the settled Order of the Churches vers 33. As in all the Churches of the Saints Ans Can any man have the confidence to say that this proveth Responses were in all the Churches of the Saints Whereas without evident wresting of Scripture there is nothing of the nature of Responses found in that Text. 2ly This is not fair Treating of Scripture to rent a parcel of it from the rest which would clear the whole Therefore I will lay before the Reader that which the Author hath not set down Vers 33. For God is not the Author of Confusion but of peace as in all Churches of the Saints This Verse being considered cleareth the whole scope That for preventing confusion they should not speak together but each of them after another entirely what God the Author of the Gift had given them Yet the Author goeth away triumphing that here is an unquestionable Precedent for Responses I doubt if that man be on the Earth that will see this to be a precedent for his purpose except they have the Author's Eyes Page 12. This way of praising God by answering one another is the most antient we find in Scripture for thus Miriam praised God Exod. 15. 21. And Miriam answered them sing ye to the Lord for he hath triumphed gloriously c. Ans There are no Responses here because first there is not one word spoken in this Text but what the Prophetess Miriam her self speaketh for the women who are with her are playing and dancing but not speaking therefore no Response is made by any Object 1. But seing Miriam answered 't is therefore to be supposed that some spake before her Ans This will not hold not only because the Text mentioneth no words of any other but because the Word Translated here answered is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and this word is commonly used where there is no previous words leading to any answer as our best Hebrew Lexicons Translate the Word to speak or begin to speak So also our Saviour did frequently in the Gospel begin a Discourse thus He answered where there was neither Matter nor Words relative to what he spoke as Mat. 11. 25. c. Object 2. What Miriam saith may relate to what the men sung in the beginning of that Chap Ans Responses require distinct matter but here the matter is the same so that Miriam is only repeating that which was sung by Moses and the men repetitions and responses are quite different It 's to be observed also that Miriam and the Women were in a distinct body by themselves not amongst the men when this song was Solemnly sung by them for it 's said verse 20th The women went out after Miriam and then the song was repeated by the Prophetess the Text giving no account of words by any other So that Miriam can do no service to the Author therefore help is yet sought from another I reckon the songs with which the women of Israel received Saul 1. Sam. 18. 7. To be religious and there it is expresly said that they answered one another and Chap. 2i ii Did they not sing one to another but whether these songs were religious or not c. Ans The words one another is not in the original of any of these Texts for 1 Sam. i8 7. These words one another are set down by our translation in a different Character to let all know that they are not in the Original look on the Text it self in Hebrew and you will find it so I Sam. 2i ii wanteth these words also all that is said by the servants of Achish is not this David the King of the Land did they not sing 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 huic to him so Arias Montanus translateth it But. 2ly The Author hath good reason to raise a doubt whether these were religious songs or not the whole being but a civil Congratulatory Salutation after a Victory Page i2 But our Author affirmeth it for certain that the composure of some Psalms discover they were to be sung in parts as Psa 24. c. Ans The Author 's certainy giveth no certainty to his Reader But 2ly Suppose some Psalms be formed in Parts it will not follow that these Psalms are to be sung by responses for there is a Composure of Verses called Versus Amabaeus wherein there are divers parts 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 upon one another but not sung by one another wherein divers persons and Actions are represented who never have occasion to meet together for alternat singing by responses and thus we see how authority for responses faileth the Author wherever he seek it but at last Page i3 He saith 'T is obvious that natural necessity will teach any considering man this way of alternat singing because if the Psalms are long as some are no one mans voice can hold out to the end Ans What constraineth you to sing so much at once Why do you make such a rule to your selves without any command of God ye put Fetters on your selves and then there must be another invention to ease you by responses and causing another to do a part of your work dividing that in Parcells the whole of which is the intire work of every Joynt worshiper the Author having no more to say for responses cometh to shew us authority for Instruments in the Worship of God Page 13. The
are commanded in Scripture to receive the holy Eucharist in remembrance of Christs Death c. the same Scriptures command us to worship our Saviour Psal 45. 11. for he is thy Lord and worship thou him Ans We are commanded to worship Christ therefore we are oblidged to worship him as represented by the Elements of bread and wine where is the consequence worshiping of Christ is not the dispute but to worship him before these consecrated signes of his body and blood set before us designedly to worship Christ by them there are many ways of worshiping Christ tho' not by such representations This consideration prevailed with the protestant Church of Poland to oblidge all their members to receive kneeling or standing Ans We will give them all due deference that is as far as they are followers of Christ and the Apostles sought no more and that Synod shall get no more Page 122. We are commanded to do what Christ did and he Instituted and his Disciples received it in a Table posture and therefore so ought we This is the Author's objection against himself He answers that we are not required nor is it convenient to imitate all that Christ did Ans How is it then that our Author Page 107. Sayeth our Saviour undoubtedly is the best example we can propose to our selves for the worship of God and we ought to imitate what he did and approved What hath made his example so bad in the Sacrament seing he sayeth it 's undoubtedly the best There is nothing to obstruct our imitation in this tho' some of Christs practices are unimitable by us and it were not only inconvenient as the Author Termeth it but blasphemous to attempt an Imitation but no such thing appeareth by his sitting at a Table and feasting his Friends therefore there being no reason against the Imitation his example is a most safe rule for us considering 2ly That this our Saviours sitting at Table was not accidental or fortuitous but of choice by him who is the wisdom of the Father 3ly And that this posture of sitting was in it self most suitable to a comfortable communion and Feast seing Christ hath determined to dignifie them with a Feast of Love in his own presence before his departure But our Author must needs have a better posture than by Christs example Page 123. The Apostle Paul having occasion to mention what he had received of the Lord mentions only our Saviours taking bread giving thanks c. Without the circumstances of the number of receivers his posture c. Ans It 's not safe to Excogitata difference between the master and his faithful servant in Spiritual Institutions as if the master were for sitting and the servant for another posture but 2ly Try if you can make it appear that ever the apostle Paul did prescribe or practise another posture at the Lords Table than sitting 3ly The Evangelists having so fully asserted this posture of sitting there was no need nor occasion for the Apostles mentioning of it and all these records of the Evangelists were by the command of Christ and inspired by his Spirit this is new and dangerous Divinity that tho' Christ caused record a practice for the Instruction of his followers yet if an Apostle record not the same thing without need what Christ hath inspired his pen-men to write formerly shall be of no value Page 124. It 's certain our Saviour did not sit but lay at Table Ans The Author sayes it's certain he did ly but giveth no reason whereby his Reader may be certain also I have better authority to assert his sitting than he hath for lying not only all our Translations have it sitting whose authority and understanding the Original will be thought as good as some other mens but our best Greek Lexicons and Arias Montan translate the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 discumbere accumbere to sit not to ly all that can be said is that the Jews used to lean on the Table with their left Elbow which cannot be called lying and however it was their table posture which sufficeth us Aquinas giveth account of a common Verse long before his time Rex sedet in caena turba cinctus duo dena Page 124. We have this further to say for our practice that our Saviour was not at a common Supper when he instituted this Sacrament but at the passover Ans It 's hard to Divine for what end the Author bringeth this in for I can perceive no colour of an argument only to acquite us that Christ was not at a common Supper but it 's yet sub judice not determined whether there was any common supper that night besides both the passover and the Lords Supper Many able Divines affirming there was and many denying and so it is safest to leave it altiori indagationi neither doth the purpose in hand depend on it's determination as for Luke 22. 20. The Author doubtless knoweth that the matter of that Verse is not placed as both the other Evangelists Matthew and Mark have it nor doth he infer any thing from it argumentative Page 125. But 4ly The full answer to the argument is that it goes on a false supposition that our Saviour instituted this Sacrament in the common posture of eating which no wise appears in Scripture neither can it be inferred from any thing said or intimated by the Evangelists or St. Paul but rather the contrary Ans How full or sound it is will soon appear if we consider First that the Evangelist Matthew remarketh their sitting down Matth. 26. 20. Now when the even was come he sat down with the twelve and Verse 16. as they were eating Jesus took bread and blessed it c. so mark 14. 18. and as they sat and did eat Jesus said verily I say unto you one of you which eateth with me shall betray me and Verse 22. and as they did eat Jesus took bread and blessed and brake it so Luk. 22. 14. and when the hour was come he sat down and the twelve apostles with him and Verse 19. and he took bread and gave thanks and brake it so Joh. 13. 12. after he had washed their feet and had taken his garments and was set down again after this the apostles are sitting with him at Table Verse 23. Now there was leaning on Jesus bosome on of his disciples c. Here it 's to be observed that all the four Evangelists make mention of their sitting at Table with Christ and that it 's expresly said by two of them as they did eat he took bread and blessed it all which maketh it most evident that they were in a sitting posture at Table when this Sacrament was instituted and celebrated But the Author objecteth how could they be eating when Christ was blessing Ans The plain words of the Text cannot be questioned without a profane contempt of Scripture it 's not warrantable then to toss It as a disputable problem whether he took bread as they