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A34537 The interest of England in the matter of religion the first and second parts : unfolded in the solution of three questions / written by John Corbet. Corbet, John, 1620-1680. 1661 (1661) Wing C6256; ESTC R2461 85,526 278

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and Popery be set up with a bloody Inquisition Section XI And verily if there were a design to reconcile England to Rome let all means be used totally to quash the Puritanes or Presbyterians but if England will keep her self pure from Romish Abominations let her be a kinde Mother to these her Children For this Interest is one chief strength of the true Reformed Protestant Religion Let those well known Principles that strike to the heart of Popery be brought forth for evidence to wit the perfection of holy Scriptures in opposition to unwritten Traditions the Authority of Canonical Books in opposition to the encroachments of the Apocrypha the distinct knowledge of the Doctrine of Salvation according to every mans capacity in opposition to implicite Faith the reasonable serving of God according to the Word in opposition to blind devotion Spiritual Gospel Worship in opposition to a pompous train of Ceremonies the efficacious edifying use of religious exercises in opposition to the Popish Opus operatum or work done lastly the power of godliness in opposition to splendid Formality Whether the Prelatical or Presbyterian party be the more rooted and grounded in these Principles let knowing persons consider and give judgement It hath been observ'd not by vulgar ones but by States-men in former times that the Puritans stood between the Papists and the swaying part of the later Prelatists as a partition wall which was therefore to be broken down as was reported to make way for an attempted reconciliation In those times a Venetian Agent in England being intimately acquainted with the Popes Nuncio here resident had fathomed the depth of his Religious Negotiation touching this grand affair and in his account given to the State that sent him and since published to the world hath these notable observations That in the Realm of England are three Faction the Catholicks the Protestants and the Puritans Now saith he these three Factions in Religion though they all oppose one another yet the hatred of Protestants against Puritans is greater then against Catholicks and that of Catholicks is greater against Puritans then against Protestants and that of Puritans is greater against Catholicks then Protestants and thus both Catholicks and Protestants do easily combine together for the ruine and rooting out of Puritans What these Protestants are he thus declares they did not so engage themselves to those particular opinions meaning of the Reformation but they have since set themselves to reform the abuse of Religion by reducing themselves again to the old practise of their Forefathers The Puritans he describes in these words that being seasoned and initiated with the Doctrine of Calvin they judge the English Reformation imperfect and so refused submission to that form of Policy Such is the account of this Statesman both a Forreigner and a Papist and not to be supposed partial in favour of Puritans Now by Protestants he understands only those that adhered to the English Prelacy And so indeed that party have impropriated the name to themselves excluding the Presbyterians who in the mean while complain of palpable injury and give evident proof that they of right have as much Interest in that venerable name As touching the passages here quoted let them rest on the Relators credit and their own evidence whatever it be What our great Clergie intended I determine nothing but in equity leave it questionable How far they actually advanced this way be it collected out of their own Writings and other manifest Expressions It is no novelty for Papists to impose the name of Puritans on such as retain the old Protestant spirit of Antipathy to Rome which is a good argument to prove that in the party more peculiarly so called lies the heart and strength of aversness and enmity to the Heresies and Idolatries of the Roman Church Wherefore Those Bishops in the Church of England who were heartily averse from Popish Innovations were more benigne and favorable to Puritans and themselves accounted Puritan by the adverse party and upon the same account the Gentry of this Kingdom were so esteemed And let it be well observed that the more primitive times of Protestantism were more leaning to that which Romanizing spirits have called Puritanism Pardon the frequent use of this terme for I glory not in it but am constrained to use it for distinctions sake in bringing former things to remembrance Should not King Nobles and Commons remember their Darling Protestiantism and not abandon that sort of persons which contribute so much to the upholding of it It is confessed there have been some scandals given yet more taken But in this case let the saying of our blessed Lord be minded Not only woe to the man by whom the offence cometh but woe to the world because of offences It will not be well with England while we give way to passion and prejudices from offences taken and so run from one extream to another Where is the wise Counsellour Can we come to no temper Is there no healing for us Shall we sleep securely whilest the Seedsmen of the Envious One the Jesui's and other Romish Agents sow the Tares of Division in our Field not only to weaken and hinder but to choak and eat out our common Faith Yea blessed be God for our gracious Soveraign who makes it his care and study to allay distempers and compose differences by his just and gracious concessions already published concerning Ecclesiastical Affairs Section XII The Presbyterians are loaded with many calumnies as that they are against the Interest of Civil Magistracy especially of Monarchy that they are giddy factious schismatical domineering and what not Let not prejudice but reason sway mens minds in matters of such importance As concerning the Interest of Civil Magistracy that Presbyterians pluck from it the power in Causes Ecclesiastical that they erect Imperium in Imperio is a groundless and gross mistake Take the declared Judgment of the highest in that way according to their own words To the Political Magistrate is allowed a diatactick ordering regulating power about Ecclesiastical Matters in a Political way So that he warrantably reforms the Church when corrupted in Divine Worship Discipline or Government He convenes and convocates Synods and Councils made up of Ecclesiastical persons to advise and conclude determinatively according to the Word of God how the Church is to be reformed and refined from corruption and how to be guided and governed when reformed He ratifies and establishes within his Dominions the just and necessary Decrees of the Church in Synods and Councils by his Civil Sanction He judgeth and determineth definitively with a consequent political judgement or judgement of discretion concerning things judged and determined antecedently by the Church in reference to his own act He takes care politically that even Matters and Ordinances meerly and formally Ecclesiastical be duely managed by Ecclesiastical persons orderly called thereunto He hath a compulsive punitive or corrective power formally political in matters of Religion
to be against the Rules of Government to hold under a rigid yoke a free people of such a number and quality and intermingled in all estates and rauks and intimately conjoyned with all parts of the body Politique that it is almost impossible to exclude their Interest from a considerable share in publique actions Besides is it for the service of Christ and the encrease of his Kingdom the Church that so many able Divines should be debarred the use of their Lords Talents that so many laborious Ministers should sit still in silence that when Christ teacheth us to pray that the Lord would thrust forth Labourers into his Harvest those Labourers should be thrust out of his harvest Surely this would make a cry in the ears of the Lord of the Harvest Let me add this 'T is a hard matter to silence them that will preach virtually in pious Conferences whose occasional and Table Discourses will be a kind of Sermon Let me offer a third way Will they afford them liberty of Conscience and yet stave them off as a divided Party to stand alone in their Principles and Interest Verily I cannot think it is in their heart so to do What then remains but to prepare the way and to make the path straight for a solid and perfect closure by laying aside those unnecessary occasions of stumbling Section XVII If the neglect of brotherly Pacification hold on and the Hierarchy resolve upon their own advancement to the highest pitch one may well conclude That they make a full reckoning to wear out the Presbyterians and to swallow up their Interest conceiving they are able to effect it by degrees and that greater changes then these have been wrought without much ado And we confess indeed that a great change in Religion was made by Qu. ELIZABETH without much dispute or difficulty The alteration was not sudden but gradual Camden writes That in the entrance of the Queens Reign for a whole moneth and more the Roman Religion stood as it did at the death of Queen MARY On the 27. of December the Epistles and Gospels the Lords Prayer Creed and Ten Commandements together with the Letany were read in the English Tongue On the 22. of March the intire use of the Sacrament in both kinds was restored by Parliament On the 24. of June the Sacrifice of the Mass was abolished and the whole Liturgy restored into English In July the Oath of Supremacy was given to the Bishops And in August Images were taken out of the Churches and broken or burnt Why may not the Hierarchical Interest swallow up the Presbyterian as easily as Protestantism prevailed over Popery Surely I take these several cases to be very different And first because Queen ELIZABETH had this fundameutal maxime as agreeable to her Conscience and the Interest of Her State to banish hence the exercise of the Roman Religion But our Gracious King in His Christian Prudence and Compassion seeks the uniting of His Protestant Subjects and the healing of their breaches by His Wife and Gracious condescentions already Declared Besides in the beginning of the Queens Raign the inferiour Clergy of this Kingdom universally appeared to be but lukewarm Papists and many of them might be supposed to be Protestants in hearts and the most of them very unlearned and indifferent men in Religion And a great part of the Hierarchy were not more zealous than the rest For when at that time the Ecclesiastical Promotions in England were numbered above nine thousand four hundred in all there were not more then fourscore Rectors of Churches fifty Prebendaries fifteen Heads of Colledges twelve Arch-Deacons twelve Deans six Abbots and Abbesses and fourteen Bishops that refused the Oath of Supremacy Also the English Service was so prepared that it might be no abomination to the Papists no positive thing therein occurring repugnant to their Doctrine for which cause they frequented the same for the first ten years and the Pope did not in many years send forth his thunder lightning against the Queen And Popery being in substance a Religion contrary to what was publickly professed had no advantage for encrease by publick Preaching or Books publickly allowed All these accidents did help forward to an absolute settlement of the Protestant Religion But we may find the state of things far otherwise in point of disposition or inclination toward the Dominion of absolute Prelacy and the rigorous imposition of Ceremonies and the extirpation of the dissenting Party For there are now in England thousands of Ministers dis-satisfied in the Hierarchy and Ceremonies who are all competently and many of them eminently learned They are not generally of light spirits but steddy and well resolved and tenderly affected touching their spiritual liberties The way which in scorn is called Puritanism is not another Religion in substance than Protestantism but the very same or one branch thereof distinguished from the other by an accidental difference Protestant and Puritane Doctrine and Worship all men may know to be the same for substance and Puritanism will grow up with Protestantism notwithstanding all opposition as I have manifested in the former discourse Commonly those people who try all Doctrines by Scripture and are swayed more by its Authority than by the Ordinances and Customs of men do much hesitate and stagger concerning the sole Jurisdiction of Bishops the pomp of the Hierarchy and sacred mystical Ceremonies of Humane Institution And therefore let the Episcopal Party never look to be rid of these difficulties till they remove the matters in Question whereat a knowing people are always ready to stumble Neither in these times are the Presbyterians so hateful a generation as some would have them they are odious to none but those to whom they were ever odious or else to such Ignorants as follow the Cry and speak evil of they know not what They have had no considerable loss of their number by revolt and whatever comes to pass they think never the worse of their main Cause which I have expressed in the Character given of them And if some or many of them have a liberry in their own judgements touching conformity yet that conformity will not strengthen the designs of those Prelatists that are most rigid in such impositions and seek to tread down the Presbyterians It was a notable question which a Carthaginian Senator put to Hanibal's Agents after the great overthrow given to the Romans at Canna When they had magnified Hanibal's great Atchievements Hanno asked them Whether any of the Romans had come to demand Peace and whether any Town of the Latines or any of their Colonies had yet rebelled against the Romans The Agents denying the one and the other Hanno replied Then is the War as intire yet as at the first I apply this to shew how easily men mistake the progress of their own affairs and think themselves to be ready for a triumph when indeed they have gotten little and the state of the controversie is still