the Sincerity of their Repentance and Conversion whereby they are put into a state of Grace and become the Children of God and Heirs of everlasting Life and being once truly so they can never fall from that State so as finally to miscarry Lastly Others venture all upon a Death-bed Repentance and their Import unity with God to receive them to Mercy at the last I shall briefly go over these particulars which are the several ways whereby Men seek to enter into Heaven and hope to get thither at last and shall shew the Insufficiency of them and that there is something beyond all this necessary to be done for the attainment of Everlasting Salvation 1st Some trust to the mere external Profession of the true Religion and think it enough to call Christ Lord Lord to be baptized in his Name and thereby to be admitted Members of the Christian Church What the Apostle says of the Profession of the Jewish Religion and the outward Badge of it Circumcision may be applyed to the Profession of Christianity made in Baptism Rom. 2. 17 25 28 29. Behold thou art called a Jew and restest in the Law and makest thy boast of God Circumcision verily profiteth if thou keep the Law but if thou be a breaker of the Law thy Circumcision is made Vncircumcision For he is not a Jew that is one outwardly neither is that Circumcision which is outward in the Flesh but he is a Jew which is one inwardly and Circumcision is that of the heart in the spirit and not in the letter The Case is the same of those who make only an outward Profession of Christianity Baptism verily profitteth if we perform the Condition of that Covenant which we entred into by Baptism but if we do not our Baptism is no Baptism For he is not a Christian which is one outwardly nor is that Baptism which is outward in the Flesh but he is a Christian which is one inwardly and Baptism is of the Heart in the Spirit and not in Water only So St. Peter tells us 1 Pet. 3. 21. that Baptism is not only the washing of the Body with Water and the putting away of the Filth of the Flesh but the answer of a good Conscience towards God The Promise of eternal Life and Happiness is not made to the external Profession of Religion without the sincere and real Practice of it Why call ye me Lord Lord says our Saviour and do not the things which I say The Scripture hath no where said he that is baptised shall be saved but he that believeth and is baptised he that repenteth and is baptised shall be saved This deserves to be seriously considered by a great many Christians who have nothing to shew for their Christianity but their Names whose best Title to Heaven is their Baptism an Engagement entred into by others in their Name but never confirmed and made good by any Act of their own a thing which was done before they remember and which hath no other effect upon their Hearts and Lives than if it were quite forgotten 2dly There are others who have attained to a good degree of Knowledge in Religion and they hope that will save them But if our Knowledge in Religion though never so clear and great do not descend into our Hearts and Lives and govern our Actions all our hopes of Heaven are built upon a false and sandy Foundation So our Saviour tells us Matth. 7. 26. Every one that heareth these Sayings of mine and doth them not shall be likened unto a foolish Man which built his House upon the Sand. And John 13. 17. If ye know these things happy are ye if ye do them There is not a greater Cheat in Religion nothing wherein Men do more grosly impose upon themselves than in this matter as if the Knowledge of Religion without the Practice of it would bring Men to Heaven How diligent are many in reading and hearing the Word of God who yet take no care to practise it in their Lives Like those in the Prophet Ezek. 33. 31. of whom God complains They come unto thee as the People cometh and they sit before thee as my People and they hear my Words but they will not do them None do so foolishly and yet so deservedly miss of Happiness as those who are very careful to learn the way to Heaven and when they have done will take no pains at all to get thither 3dly There are others who find themselves much affected with the Word of God and the Preaching of it and this they take for a very good Sign that it hath its due effect upon them And this happens very frequently that the Word of God makes considerable Impressions upon Men for the present and they are greatly affected with it and troubled for their Sins and afraid of the Judgments of God and the terrible Vengeance of another World and upon this they take up some Resolutions of a better Course which after a little while vanish and come to nothing This was the Temper of the People of Israel they delighted to hear the Prophet speak to them in the Name of God Ezek. 33. 32. And loe thou art unto them as a very lovely Song of one that hath a pleasant Voice and can play well upon an Instrument for they hear thy words but they do them not Mark 6. 20. it is said that Herod had a great reverence for John the Baptist that he observed him and heard him gladly but yet for all that he continued the same cruel and bad Man that he was before And in the Parable of the Sower Matth. 13. 20. there are one sort of Hearers mention'd who when they heard the word received it with joy but having no root in themselves they endured but for a while and when Tribulation or Persecution ariseth because of the Word presently they are offended There are many Men who have sudden Motions in Religion and are mightily affected for the present but it must be a rooted and fixt Principle that will endure and hold out against great Difficulties and Opposition Acts 24. 25. it is said that when St. Paul reasoned of Righteousness and Temperance and Judgment to come Felix trembled and nothing is more frequent than for Men to be mightily strartled at the Preaching of the Word when their Judgments are convinced and born down and their Consciences touched to the quick a lively representation of the Evil of Sin and the infinite Danger of a sinful Course may stir up the Passions of Grief and Fear and dart such stings into the Consciences of Men as may make them extremely restless and unquiet and work some good Thoughts and Inclinations in them towards a better Course and yet like Metals when the heat is over they may be the harder for having been melted down 4thly Others shew great Strictness and Devotion in the Worship of God and this they hope will be accepted and can not fail to bring them to Heaven
to persevere in a Holy Course and to bear up against the Opposition of the World and to withstand its Temptations to be harmless and blameless in the midst of a crooked and perverse Nation not to be infected with the eminent and frequent Examples of Vice and carryed down with the stream of a corrupt and degenerare Age. So that tho' our Difficulties be not always the same and equal to those which the Primitive Christians encountred yet there is enough to exercise our best Resolution and Care tho' the main Body of the Enemies of Christianity be broken and the Sons of Anak be destroyed out of the Land yet some of the old Inhabitants are still left to be Thorns in our Sides and Pricks in our Eyes that true Religion may always have something to exercise its Force and Vigour upon I have done with the first Point the Difficulties of a Christian Course I proceed to the Second The earnest Endeavour that is to be used on our Part for the conquering of these Difficulties And to the business of Religion if we will set upon it in good earnest these three things are required 1st A mighty Resolution to engage us in a Holy and Christian Course 2dly Great Diligence and Industry to carry us on in it 3dly An invincible Constancy to carry us through it and make us persevere in it to the end 1st A mighty Resolution to engage us in a Holy and Good Course For want of this most Men miscarry and stumble at the very Threshold and never get through the strait Gate never master the Difficulties of the first Entrance Many are well disposed toward Religion and have fits of good Inclination that way especially in their young and tender Years but they want firmness of Resolution to conquer the Difficulties of the first entrance upon a religious and virtuous Life like the young Man that came to our Saviour well inclined to do some good thing that be might inherit eternal Life but when it came to the point he gave back he was divided betwixt Christ and the World and had not Resolution enough to part with all for him Many Men I doubt not have frequent Thoughts and Deliberations about a better Course of Life and are in a good Mind to take up and break off that lewd and riotous Course they are in but they cannot bring themselves to a fixt Purpose and Resolution and yet without this nothing is to be done the double minded Man is unstable in all his ways There must be no Indifferency and Irresoluteness in our Minds if we will be Christians we must not stop at the Gate but resolve to press in We see that Men can take up peremptory Resolutions in other matters to be rich and great in the World and they can be true and stedfast to these Resolutions and why should not Men resolve to be Wise and Happy and stand to these Resolutions and make them good God is more ready to assist and strengthen these kind of resolutions than any other and I am sure no man hath so much reason to resolve upon any thing as to live a Holy and Virtuous Life no other resolution can do a man that good and bring him that comfort and happiness that this will 2dly The business of Religion as it requires a mighty Resolution to engage us in a holy and good course so likewise a great Diligence to carry us on in it When we are got through the strait gate we must account to meet with many difficulties in our way there are in the course of a Christian's Life many Duties to be performed which require great pains and care many Temptations to be resisted which will keep us continually upon our guard a great part of the Way is up Hill and not to be climb'd without Labour and the Scripture frequently calls upon us to work out our Salvation with fear and trembling that is with great Care and Industry to give all diligence to make our calling and election sure to follow Holiness 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to pursue it with great earnestness Nothing of this World that is of value is to be had upon other terms and we have low thoughts of Heaven if we think any pains too much to get thither 3dly The business of Religion requires an invincible Constancy to carry us through it and to make us persevere in it to the End Resolution may make a good entrance but it requires great Constancy and Firmness of Mind to hold out in a good Course A good Resolution may be taken up upon a present heat and may cool again but nothing but a constant and steady temper of Mind will make a man persevere and yet without this no Man shall ever reach Heaven He that continueth to the end shall be saved but if any Man draw back God's Soul will have no pleasure in him God puts this Case by the Prophet and determines it Ezekiel 18. 24. When the righteous Man turneth away from his Righteousness shall he live all his Righteousness that he hath done shall not be mentioned in his Trespass that he hath trespassed and in his Sin that he hath sinned in them he shall die nay so far will his Righteousness be from availing him if he do not persevere in it that it will render his Condition much worse to have gone so far towards Heaven and at last to turn his Back upon it So St. Peter tells us 2 Pet. 2. 20 21. For if after they have escaped the Pollutions of the World through the knowledge of the Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ they are again entangled therein and overcome the latter end is worse with them than the beginning for it had been better for them not to have known the way of Righteousness than after they have known it to turn from the holy Commandment delivered unto them I proceed to the Third Point namely That the Difficulties of a Holy and a Christian Life are not so great and insuperable as to be a just ground of discouragement to our Endeavours All that I have said concerning the Difficulties of Religion was with no design to damp but rather to quicken our Industry for upon the whole matter when all things are duly considered it will appear that Christ's yoke is easie and his burthen light that the Commandments of God are not grievous no not this Commandment of striving to enter in at the strait gate which I shall endeavour to make manifest by taking these Four things into consideration 1. The Assistance which the Gospel offers to us God hath there promised to give his holy Spirit to them that ask him and by the assistance of God's Holy Spirit we may be able to conquer all those difficulties Indeed if we were left to our selves to the impotency and weakness of our own Nature we should never be able to cope with these Difficulties every Temptation would be too hard for us every little Opposition would discourage us
seeth Abraham afar off and Lazarus in his bosom As corporal Acts are attributed to God in Scripture so likewise to separated Souls In Hell he lift up his Eyes being in Torments Intimating to us that this sensual and voluptuous Man had stupidly past away his Life without any serious Thoughts and Consideration but now at last he was awakned when it was too late and began to consider In Hell he lift up his Eyes being in Torments O the Stupidity of Sinners who run on blindly in their Course and never open their Eyes 'till they are fallen into the Pit who cannot be brought to consider 'till Consideration will do them no good 'till it serve to no other purpose but to enrage their Consciences and to multiply the Stings of them Thus it was with this Rich Man he lift up his Eyes being in Torments and seeth Abraham afar off and Lazarus in his bosom Our Saviour represents him as seeing that which would then most probably come to his Mind Feeling his own Misery he began to consider the happy Condition of the poor Man whom he had so cruelly neglected And indeed one great part of the Torment of Hell consists in those Reflections which Men shall make upon the Happiness which they have wilfully lost and neglected and the Sins whereby they have plunged themselves into that miserable State Ver. 24. And he cried and said Father Abraham have mercy on me and send Lazarus that he may dip the tip of his Finger in Water and cool my Tongue for I am tormented in this Flame See how the Scene is changed now he is fain to beg Relief of the Beggar who had sued to him in vain Send Lazarus that he may dip the tip of his Finger in Water and cool my Tongue Here is another very decent Circumstance the Rich Man is represented as not having the Face to beg any great Relief from Lazarus towards whom he had been so hard-hearted To dip the tip of his Finger in Water to cool his Tongue had been a very great Favour from Lazarus to whom the Rich Man had denyed even the Crumbs which fell from his Table For I am tormented in this Flame The Scripture loves to make use of sensible Representations to set forth to us the Happiness and Misery of the next Life partly by way of Condescention to our Understandings and partly to work more powerfully upon our Affections For whilst we are in the Body and immerst in Sense we are most apt to be moved by such Descriptions of things as are sensible and therefore the Torments of wicked Men in Hell are usually in Scripture described to us by one of the quickest and sharpest Pains that Human Nature is ordinarily acquainted withal namely by the pain of Burning Fire being the most active thing in Nature and therefore capable of causing the sharpest Pains But we cannot from these and the like Expressions of Scripture certainly determine that this is the true and proper Pain of Hell All that we can infer from these Descriptions is this that the Sufferings of wicked Men in the other World shall be very terrible and as great and probably greater than can possibly be described to us by any thing that we are now acquainted withal for who knows the Power of God's Anger and the utmost of what Omnipotent Justice can do to Sinners For as the Glory of Heaven and the Joys of God's Presence are now inconceivable so likewise are the Torments of Hell and the Miseries of the Damned Eye hath not seen nor Ear heard neither have entred into the Heart of Man those dreadful things which God prepares for them that hate him Who can imagine the utmost significancy of those Phrases which the Scripture uses to set forth this to us of God's being a consuming Fire of being tormented in Flames of God's Wrath and Jealousie smoaking against Sinners and all the Curses that are written in his Book falling upon them Who can conceive the Horror of those Expressions of the Worm that dies not and the Fire that is not quenched of God's pouring out the Vials of his Wrath of being deliver'd over to the Tormentor of being cast into the Lake of Fire and Brimstone These forms of Speech seem to be borrowed from those things which among Men are most dreadful and affrighting and to be calculated and accommodated to our Capacities and not so much intended to express to us the proper and real Torments of Hell as to convey to us in a more sensible and affecting manner the sense of what the Scripture says in general that it is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living God Ver. 25. But Abraham said Son remember that thou in thy life time receivedst thy good things and likewise Lazarus evil things but now he is comforted and thou art tormented Abraham said Son remember It is very observable how our Saviour chuses to represent to us the discourse between Abraham and the Rich Man tho' there was the greatest difference between them imaginable the one was in Heaven and the other in Hell yet they treated one another civily Abraham is brought in giving the common terms of Civility to this wretched wicked Man and calling him Son Son remember It was indeed a very severe thing which he said to him he put him in mind of his former Prosperity and of his Fault in his unmerciful Usage of Lazarus Remember Son that thou in thy life time receivedst thy good things and Lazarus c. But yet whilst he speaks such sharp things to him he ' bates bad Language A Man may say very severe things where a just Occasion requires it but he must use no reviling rem ipsam dic mitte malè loqui say the thing but use no bad Language And this as one says is the true art of Chiding the proper Stile wherein we must use to reprove If we do it with Malice and Anger and Contempt it is misbecoming even tho' we despair of doing good but if we hope for any good Effect we are like to miss of it this way for as the Apostle says excellently the wrath of Man worketh not the righteousness of God Some think that Abraham gives the Rich Man the Title of Son ironically and by way of Jeer but without all reason For surely there is not so much bad Nature in Heaven as to scoff at those who are in Misery Besides that we find our Saviour observing this Decorum of good Language in other of his Parables as particularly in that of the King who invited Guests to the Marriage of his Son Matth. 22. 11. When the King saw there the Man that came without his wedding Garment tho' he past a very severe Sentence upon him yet he gives him the common terms of Civility Friend how camest thou hither This should teach us Christians how we ought to demean our selves towards those who are at the greatest distance from us and how we ought to behave
he is a Lyar for he that loveth not his Brother whom he hath seen how can he love God whom he hath not seen This deserves to be seriosly consider'd by those who make a great shew of Devotion and are at great pains in Prayer and Fasting and reading and hearing the Word of God and in all other frugal Exercises of Religion which stand them in no Mony lest all their Labour be lost for want of this one necessary and essential part lest with the young Man in the Gospel after they have kept all other Commandments they be rejected by Christ for lack of this one thing I have done with the first part of the Observation that Unmercifulness is a very great Sin I proceed to the 2d That it is such a Sin as alone and without any other Guilt is sufficient to ruin a Man for ever The Parable lays the Rich Man's Condemnation upon this it was the guilt of this Sin that tormented him when he was in Hell The Scripture is full of severe Threatnings against this Sin Prov. 21. 13. Whoso stoppeth his Ears at the cry of the Poor he also shall cry himself but shall not be heard God will have no regard or pity for the Man that regardeth not the Poor That is a terrible Text Ja. 2. 13. He shall have Judgment without Mercy that hath shewed no Mercy Our Saviour hath two Parables to represent to us the Danger of this Sin this here in the Text and that in Luke 12. concerning the Covetous Man that enlarged his Barns and was still laying up but laid nothing out upon the Poor upon which our Saviour makes this Observation which is the Moral of the Parable v. 21. So is he that layeth up Treasure for himself and is not rich towards God So shall he be such an issue of his Folly may every one expect who layeth up Treasure for himself but does not lay up Riches with God How is that The Scripture tells us by Works of Mercy and Charity this our Saviour calls laying up for our selves Treasures in Heaven Matth. 6. 20. And Luke 12. 33. he calls giving of Alms providing for our selves Bags that wax not old a Treasure in Heaven that faileth not There is no particular Grace and Virtue to which the Promise of eternal Life is so frequently made in Scripture as to this of Mercy and Charity to the Poor Matth. 5. 7. Blessed are the merciful for they shall find Mercy Which Promise as it does not exclude a Reward in this World so it seems principally to respect the Mercy of God at the great Day Luke 14. 12 13 14. When thou makest a Feast invite not the Rich for they will recompence thee again but invite the Poor and the maimed and the lame and the blind for they cannot recompense thee but thou shalt be recompensed at the Resurrection of the Just Luke 16. 9. Make therefore to your selves friends of the Mammon of Vnrighteousness that when ye shall fail they may receive you into everlasting habitations 1 Tim. 6. 17 18 19. Charge them that are rich in this World that they do good that they be rich in good works ready to distribute willing to communicate laying up in store for themselves a good Foundation as the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is sometimes used a good Treasure against the time which is to come that they may lay hold of eternal Life But the most considerable Text of all other to this purpose is in Matth. 25. where our Saviour gives us a description of the Judgment of the great Day And if that be a true and proper representation of the process of that Day then the grand enquiry will be what Works of Charity have been done or neglected by us and accordingly Sentence shall be past upon us The proper Result from all this Discourse is to perswade Men to this necessary Duty Our eternal Happiness does not so much depend upon the exercise of any one single Grace or Virtue as this of Charity and Mercy Faith and Repentance are more general and fundamental Graces and as it were the Parents of all the rest But of all single Virtues the Scripture lays the greatest weight upon this of Charity and if we do truly believe the Precepts of the Gospel and the Promises and Threatnings of it we cannot but have a principal regard to it I know how averse Men generally are to this Duty which makes them so full of Excuses and Objections against it 1. They have Children to provide for This is not the case of all and they whose case it is may do well to consider that it will not be amiss to leave a Blessing as well as an Inheritance to their Children 2. They tell us they intend to do something when they die I doubt that very much but granting their Intention to be real why should Men chuse to spoil a good Work and to take away the Grace and Acceptableness of it by the manner of doing It shews a great backwardness to the Work when we defer it as long as we can He that will not do good till he be enforced by the last necessity diu noluit was long unwilling It is one of the worst Complements we can put upon God to give a thing to him when we can keep it no longer 3. Others say they may come to want themselves and it is Prudence to provide against that To this I answer 1. I believe that no Man ever came the sooner to want for his Charity David hath an express Observation to the contrary Psa 37. 25. I have been young and now am old yet have I not seen the righteous forsaken nor his Seed begging bread And tho' he use a general word yet that by the righteous here he intended the merciful Man is evident from the next words he is ever merciful and lendeth And besides David's Observation we have express Promises of God to secure us against this Fear Psa 41. 1 2. Blessed is he that considereth the poor the Lord will deliver him in time of trouble the Lord will preserve him and keep him alive and he shall be blessed upon the Earth Pro. 28. 27. He that giveth unto the Poor shall not lack 2. Thou mayest come to want tho' thou give nothing thou may'st lose that which thou hast spared in this kind as well as the rest thou may'st lose all and then thou art no better secured against want than if thou hadst been charitable Besides that when thou art brought to Poverty thou wilt want the Comfort of having done this Duty and may'st justly look upon the neglect of this Duty as one of the Causes of thy Poverty 3. After all our Care to provide for our selves we must trust the Providence of God and a Man can in no case so safely commit himself to God as in well-doing If the Providence of God as we all believe be peculiarly concern'd to bless one Man more than another I dare say
Temptations of a wicked World and are possest of so great a Happiness by the free Grace and Mercy of God to do any thing whereby they may forfeit their Happiness or so much as to entertain a Thought of offending that God to whom they cannot but be sensible how infinitely they are obliged In this imperfect state few Men have so little Goodness as to sin without a Temptation but in that state where Men are perfectly good and can have no Temptation to be otherwise it is not imaginable that they should fall from that state 2. As to the state of the damned that that likewise is immutable the Scripture does seem plainly enough to assert when it calls it an everlasting Destruction from the presence of the Lord and uses such Expressions to set forth the continuance of their Misery as signifie the longest and most interminable Duration expressions of as great an Extent as those which are used to signifie the Eternal Happiness of the blessed and as large and unlimited as any are to be had in those Languages wherein the Scriptures are written Besides that wicked Men in the other World are in Scripture represented as in the same Condition with the Devils of whom there is no ground to believe that any of them ever did or will repent Not because Repentance is impossible in it's own nature to those that are in extream Misery but because there is no place left for it Being under an irreversible Doom there is no encouragement to Repentance no hope of Mercy and Pardon without which Repentance is impossible For if a Man did utterly despair of Pardon and were assured upon good ground that God would never shew Mercy to him in this case a Man would grow desperate and not care what he did He that knows that whatever he does he is miserable and undone will not matter how he demeans himself All motives to Repentance are gone after a Man once knows it will be to no purpose And this the Scripture seems to represent to us as the case of the Devils and damned Spirits Because their state is finally determined and they are concluded under an irreversible Sentence therefore Repentance is impossible to them Sorry no doubt they are and heartily troubled that by their own Sin and Folly they have brought this Misery upon themselves and they cannot but conceive an everlasting Displeasure against themselves for having been the Cause and Authors of their own Ruin and the Reflection upon this will be a perpetual spring of Discontent and fill their Minds with eternal Rage and Vexation and so long as they feel the intolerable Punishments of Sin and groan under the insupportable Torments of it and see no end of this miserable State no hope of getting out of it they can be no otherwise affected than with Discontent at themselves and Rage and Fury against God They are indeed penitent so far as to be troubled at themselves for what they have done but this Trouble works no Change and Alteration in them they still hate God who inflicts these Punishments upon them and who they believe is determined to continue them in this miserable state The present Anguish of their Condition and their despair of bettering it makes them mad and their Minds are so distracted by the wildness of their Passions and their Spirits so exasperated and set on Fire by their own giddy Motions that there can be no rest and silence in their Souls not so much as the liberty of one calm and sedate Thought Or if at any time they reflect upon the evil of their Sins and should entertain any thought of returning to God and their Duty they are presently checkt with this Consideration that their case is determined that God is implacably offended with them and is inexorably and peremptorily resolved to make them miserable for ever and during this Perswasion no Man can return to the love of God and Goodness without which there can be no Repentance This Consideration of the immutable state of Men after this Life should engage us with all seriousness and diligence to endeavour to secure our future Happiness God hath set before us good and evil Life and Death and we may yet chuse which we please but in the other World we must stand to that Choice which we have made here and inherit the Consequences of it By Sin Mankind is brought into a miserable State but our Condition is not desperate and past Remedy God hath sent his Son to be a Prince and a Saviour to give Repentance and Remission of Sins So that tho' our Case be bad it need not continue so if it be not our own fault There is a possibility now of changing our Condition for the better and of laying the foundation of a perpetual Happiness for our selves The Grace of God calls upon us and is ready to assist us so that no Man's Case is so bad but there is a possibility of bettering it if we be not wanting to our selves and will make use of the Grace which God offers who is never wanting to the sincere endeavours of Men. Under the Influence and Assistance of this Grace those who are dead in trespasses and sins may pass from death to life may be turned from darkness to light and from the power of Satan unto God So long as we are in this World there is a possibility of being translated from one state to another from the dominion of Satan into the kingdom of God's dear Son But if we neglect the oportunities of this life and stand out against the offers of God's Grace and Mercy there will no Overtures be made to us in the other World After this life is ended God will try us no more our final miscarriage in this World will prove fatal to us in the other and we shall not be permitted to live over again to correct our Errors As the Tree falls so it shall lie such a State as we are settled in when we go out of this World shall be fixt in the other and there will be no possibility of changing it We are yet in the hand of our own Counsel and by God's Grace we may mould and fashion our own Fortune But if we trifle away this Advantage we shall fall into the hands of the living God out of which there is no Redemption God hath yet left Heaven and Hell to our choice and we had need to look about us and chuse well who can chuse but once for all and for ever There is yet a space and oportunity left us of Repentance but so soon as we step out of this Life and are entred upon the other World our Condition will be sealed never to be reverst And because after this Life there will be no further hopes of Mercy there will be no possibility of Repentance This is the accepted time this is the day of Salvation therefore to day if ye will hear his voice harden not your hearts lest God
of it This Book of the Scriptures may with ordinary human Care be transmitted intire and free from any material Error to all succeeding Ages But Revelations unwritten if they have any lasting and considerable Effect they must at least in every Age be renewed and repeated otherwise in a very short space either through the unfaithfulness or carelessness and frailty of Men they will either be quite lost or so corrupted and depraved that they will signifie nothing From all which it appears that we have so little cause to murmur and repine at the Providence of God which in these later Ages of the World does not make those more immediate Discoveries and Manifestations of himself to us that he did to former Ages that we have rather great reason to admire the Wisdom and Goodness of God's Providence which hath privileged us with this standing Revelation of his written Word which hath so many ways the Advantage of frequent and extraordinary Revelation and in respect of the generality of Mankind is much more useful and effectual to its end I know there are some that have endeavour'd to perswade the World that Doctrines may much better be preserved by common Rumor and Report than by Writing and Record but I hope there is no Man so destitute of common Sense as to believe them contrary to the Experience of all Men. I come now to the 4th thing I propos'd to be consider'd namely That there is sufficient Evidence of the Divinity of the Scriptures By the Divinity of the Scriptures I mean that they were revealed by God and that the things contained in them were not invented by Men but discovered to Men by God and that the Pen-men of these Books did not write their own private Conceptions but were inspired by the Holy Ghost Now if we can be satisfied of this we ought to receive the Scriptures with the same Reverence as if an Angel from Heaven should declare these things unto us or as if God should immediately reveal them to our Minds for nothing can come with greater Authority than this that we believe it to be revealed by God and provided we be assured of this it matters not which way the thing hath the same Authority Now that we have sufficient Evidence of the Divinity of the Scriptures will best appear by considering what is sufficient to give Authority to a Book so that no prudent or reasonable Man can question but that the Book was writ by him whose Name it bears For what Evidence we would accept of for the Authority of other Books we must not refuse in this case for the Scriptures if we do we deal unequally and it is a sign that we do not want Evidence for the Authority of the Scriptures but that we have no mind to believe them Now the utmost Authority that any Book is capable of is that it hath been transmitted down to us by the general and uncontroll'd Testimony of all Ages and that the Authority of it was never questioned in that Age wherein it was written nor invalidated ever since And this Evidence we have for the Authority of the Scriptures As for the Old Testament I shall not now labor in the proof of that by Arguments proper to it self but shall take the Divinity of them upon the Authority of the New which if it be proved is sufficient Evidence for it tho' there were no other Now for the Scriptures of the New Testament I desire but these two things to be granted to me at first 1. That all were written by those Persons whose Names they bear and for this we have as much Authority as for any Books in the World and so much as may satisfie Men in other cases and therefore not to be rejected in this 2. That those who wrote those Books were Men of Integrity and did not wilfully falsifie in any thing and this cannot reasonably be denyed because these very Persons gave the utmost Evidence that Men could give of their Integrity The highest Attestation that any Man can give of the Truth of what he relates is to lay down his Life for the Testimony of it and this the Apostles did Now if this be granted that they did not falsifie in their Relations concerning the Miracles of Christ and his Resurrection and the miraculous Gifts which were bestowed upon the Apostles after his Ascension this is as great an Evidence as the World can give and as the thing is capable of that our Saviour was a Teacher come from God and that the Apostles were extraordinarily assisted by the Holy Ghost and if this be granted what can be desired more to prove the Divinity of their Writings But it may be said that tho' the Apostles were granted to be Men of Integrity and that they did not wilfully falsifie in their Relations yet they might be mistaken about those Matters But that they were not we have as much Evidence as can be for any thing of this Nature namely that the things which are related are plain sensible matters of Fact about which no Man need mistake unless he will and they did not write things upon the report of others who might possibly have designs to deceive but upon the surest Evidence in the World their own Knowledge and the Testimony of their Senses the things that we have seen and heard testifie we unto you So that if they were mistaken in these things no Man can be sure of any thing and by the same Reason that we disbelieve the Authority of the Scriptures upon this account we must believe nothing at all This is in short the whole force of the Argument for the Divinity of the Scriptures which I might have enlarged infinitely upon but I design now only briefly to represent to you that we who live at the distance of so many Ages from the time of this Revelation are not destitute of sufficient Evidence for the Authority of the Scriptures and such Evidence as they who reject in other Cases are esteemed unreasonable I should come now to the 5th and last Thing namely that it is unreasonable to expect that God should do more for our Conviction than to afford us a standing Revelation of his Mind and Will such as the Books of the holy Scriptures are But this I shall refer to another Oportunity in a particular Discourse upon the 31 verse which contains the main Design the Sum and Substance of this whole Parable SERMON XII The Parable of the Rich Man and Lazarus Sermon III. Preach'd at Whitehall Anno 1678. LUKE XVI 31. If they hear not Moses and the Prophets neither will they be perswaded tho' one rose from the dead THESE Words are the Conclusion of that excellent Parable of our Saviour concerning the Rich Man and Lazarus and they are the final Answer which Abraham gives to the Rich Man's last Request who being in great Torment and not able to obtain any Ease for himself is represented as concerned for his Relations whom
probability hinder Men from being convinced by an Apparition from the Dead It is not generally for want of Evidence that Men do not yield a full and effectual Assent to the Truth of God's Word I mean that they do not Believe it so as to Obey it but from the Interest of some Lust The true cause is not in Mens Understandings and because there is not Reason enough to satisfie them that the Scriptures are the Word of God but in the obstinacy of their Wills which are enslaved to their Lusts And the Disease being there it is not to be Cured by more Evidence but by more Consideration and by the Grace of God and better Resolutions The Man is addicted to some Vice or other and that makes him unwilling to entertain those Truths which would check and control him in his Course The light of God's word is offensive to him and therefore he would shut it out This Account our blessed Saviour gives of the Enmity of the Jews against him and his Doctrine John 3. 19. Light is come into the World and Men love darkness rather than light because their Deeds are evil for every one that doeth evil hateth the light neither cometh he to the light lest his deeds should be reproved Upon the same account it is that Men resist the Doctrine of the Holy Scriptures not because they have sufficient Reason to doubt of their Divine Authority but because they are unwilling to be govern'd by them and to conform their Lives to the Laws and Precepts of that Holy Book For the Wills of Men have a great Influence upon their Undestandings to make assent easie or difficult and as Men are apt to assent to what they have a mind to so they are slow to believe any thing which crosseth their Humours and Inclinations so that tho' greater Evidence were offer'd it is likely it would not prevail with them because the mater does not stick there Their Wills are distemper'd Men hate to be reform'd and this makes them cast the Laws of God behind their Backs and if God himself should speak to them from Heaven as he did to the People of Israel yet for all that they might continue a stiff-necked and rebellious People Tho' the Evidence were such as their Understandings could not resist yet their Wills might still hold out and the present condition of their Minds might have no lasting influence upon their Hearts and Lives â—uch a violent Conviction might affect them for the present but the Sense of it might perhaps wear off by degrees and then they would return to their former hardness Men by a long and obstinate continuance in sin may bring themselves to the Temper and Disposition of Devils who tho' they believe and tremble at the thoughts of God and his Threatnings yet they are wicked still for so long as Men retain a strong affection for their Lusts they will break through all Conviction and what Evidence soever be offer'd to them they will find some way or other to avoid it and to delude themselves The plain truth of the case is this if Men will honestly speak their Consciences they cannot deny it they do not call for more Evidence either because they want it or are willing to be convinced by it but that they may seem to have some Excuse for themselves for not being convinced by that Evidence which is afforded to them 4thly Experience does abundantly testifie how ineffectual extraordinary ways are to convince and reclaim men of depraved Minds and such as are obstinately addicted to their Lusts We find many remarkable Experiments of this in the History of the Bible What Wonders were wrought in the sight of Pharaoh and the Egyptians yet they were harden'd under all these Plagues Balaam who greedily follow'd the wages of unrighteousness was not to be stopt by the admonition of an Angel The Jews after so many Miracles which their Eyes had seen continued to be a stiff neck'd and gain-saying People so that it is hard to say which was more prodigious the Wonders which God wrought for them or their Rebellions against him and when in the fulness of time the Son of God came and did among them the works which never man did such as one would have thought might have brought the worst People in the World to Repentance those of Tyre and Sydon of Sodom and Gomorrah yet they Repented not Yea the very thing which the rich man here in my Text requested of Abraham for his Brethren was done among them Lazarus did rise from the dead and testified unto them and they were not perswaded And which is yet more our Saviour himself according to his own Prediction while he was alive rose again from the dead the third day and was visibly taken up into Heaven and yet how few among them did believe and give glory to God! So that we see the very thing here spoken of in the Text made good in a famous instance they who believed not Moses and the Prophets which testified of the Messias were not perswaded when he rose from the dead And does not our own Experience tell us how little effect the extraordinary Providences of God have had upon those who were not reclaimed by his Word It is not long since God shewed himself among us by terrible things in Righteousness and visited us with three of his sorest Judgments War and Pestilence and Fire and yet how does all manner of Wickedness and Impiety still reign and rage among us It is a very sad Consideration to see how little those who have outlived these Plagues have been reformed by them we have not return'd to the Lord nor sought him for all this I may appeal to the experience of particular Persons How frequently do we see Men after great Afflictions and tedious Sufferings and dangerous sicknesses return to their former Evil Courses and tho' they have been upon the brink of Eternity and the ternors of Death have compass'd them about and the pains of Hell have almost taken hold of them tho' they have had as lively and sensible Convictions of another World as if they had spoken with those that had come from thence or even been there themselves yet they have taken no warning but upon their Deliverance and Recovery have been as mad as furious Sinners as they were before so that it ought to be no such wonder to us which the Text tells us that if Men hear not Moses and the Prophets neither will they be perswaded tho' one rose from the dead Especially if we consider in the 5th and last place That an effectual perswasion that is such a Belief as produceth Repentance and a good Life is the gift of God and depends upon the operation and concurrence of his Grace which is not to be expected in an extraordinary way where Men have obstinately rejected the ordinary means appointed by God for that end To be effectually perswaded to change our Lives and become new
Men is a Work not to be done without the assistance of God's Grace and there is little reason to expect that God will afford his Grace to those who reject and despise the Counsels of his Word The Doctrine of Salvation contained in the Holy Scriptures and the Promises and Threatnings of God's Word are the ordinary Means which God hath appointed for the Conversion of Men and to bring them to Repentance and if we sincerely use these means we may confidently expect the concurrence of God's grace to make them effectual but if we neglect and resist these means in confidence that God should attempt our Recovery by some extraordinary ways tho' he should gratifie our presumptuous and unreasonable Curiosity so far as to send one from the dead to testifie unto us yet we have no reason to expect the assistance of his Grace to make such a Conviction effectual to our Repentance when we have so long despised his Word and resisted his Spirit which are the power of God unto Salvation Without his Grace and Assistance the most probable means will prove ineffectual to alter and change our corrupt Natures by Grace we are saved and that not of our selves it is the Gift of God This Grace is revealed to us in the Gospel and the Assistances of it are conveyed to us by the Gospel and it is great presumption to promise to our selves the assistance of God's Grace in any other way than he hath been pleased to promise it to us And thus I have shewn you as briefly and plainly as I could how unlikely it is that those who obstinately reject a clear and publick Revelation of God should be effectually convinced and brought to Repentance by any Apparitions from the dead I shall only make two or three Inferences from this Discourse which I have made and so conclude 1st Since the Scriptures are the publick and standing Revelation of God's Will to Men and the ordinary Means of Salvation we may hence conclude That People ought to have them in such a Language as they can understand This our Saviour plainly supposeth in the Discourse which he represents between Abraham and the Rich Man desiring that Lazarus might be sent from the dead to his Brethren to testifie unto them to which Request Abraham would not have given this Answer and Advice they have Moses and the Prophets let them hear them had he supposed that the Scriptures then were or for the future ought to be lockt up from the People in an unknown Tongue for the Rich Man might very well have replied nay Father Abraham but they are not permitted to have Moses and the Prophets in such a Language as they can understand and therefore there is more need why one should be sent from the Dead to testifie unto them Nor would Abraham have said again if they hear not Moses and the Prophets neither will they be perswaded For how should Men hear what they cannot understand so as to be perswaded by it It is evident then that our Saviour according to the Reasoning of this Parable takes it for granted that the Holy Scriptures are the standing and ordinary means of bringing Men to Faith and Repentance and that the People are to have the free use of them But since our Saviour's time the Church of Rome hath found a mighty inconvenience in this and therefore hath taken the Scriptures out of the Hands of the People They will not now let them have Moses and the Prophets the Gospel of our blessed Saviour and the Writings of his Apostles because they are really afraid they should hear them and by hearing of them be convinced and perswaded of the Errours and Corruptions of their Church but instead of the Scriptures of the Old and New Testament they have put into their Hands a Legend of famous Apparitions of Men from the dead testifying unto them concerning Purgatory and Transubstantiation and the Worship of the Blessed Virgin and the Saints and the great benefit and refreshment which Souls in Purgatory have by the Indulgences of the Pope and the Prayers of the living put up to Saints and Angels on their behalf so that in the Church of Rome quite contrary to our Saviour's method Men are perswaded of their Religion of their New Articles of Faith and Ways of Worship not by Moses and the Prophets not by the Doctirne of the Holy Scriptures for they every where testifie against them but by absurd Romances and ill-contriv'd Fictions of Apparitions from the Dead I will dismiss this matter with this one Observation that however interested and confident Men may set a bold face upon any thing yet it cannot to considerate Men but seem a very hard case that there should be no Salvation to be had out of the Church of Rome and yet the ordinary and in our Saviour's Judgment the most effectual Means of Salvatioin are not to be had in it But I pass from this to that which does more immediately concern our Practice 2dly Let us hear and obey that publick Revelation of God's Will which in so much Mercy to Mankind he hath been pleased to afford to us This is an inestimable Privilege and Advantage which the World in many Ages was destitute of having no other Guide to conduct them to eternal Happiness but the Light of Nature and some particular Revelations which now and then God was pleased to make of his Will to Men But now God hath set up a great and standing Light in the World the Doctrine of the holy Scriptures and by the Gospel of his blessed Son hath given the knowledge of Salvation to all Men for the remission of their Sins through the tender Mercies of God whereby the day spring from on high hath visited us to give light to them that sat in darkness and in the shadow of death and to guide our feet into the way of peace to convince us of the Error of our ways and to direct us in our Duty We upon whom the ends of the world are come do enjoy all the Advantages of divine Revelation which the World ever had and as great as the World ever shall have God in these last days hath spoken unto us by his Son and if we will not hear him God will imploy no other extraordinary Prophet and Messenger to us If the wrath of God so clearly revealed from Heaven by the Gospel of our blesled Saviour against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of Men if the Terror of the great day and the fear of eternal Torment if the dreadful Sufferings of the Son of God for our Sins and the merciful offers of Pardon and Reconciliation in his Blood and the glorious hopes of eternal Life and Happiness will not prevail with us to leave our Sins and to amend our Lives we have no reason to expect that God should use any farther means to reclaim us that he should ever make any more Attempts for our Recovery And therefore 3dly and lastly Those who