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A53386 The opinions of certaine reverend and learned divines concerning the fundamentall points of the true Protestant religion, and the right government of reformed churches Wherein is declared the plaine path-way to a godly and religious life. Published by authoritie.; Good counsells for the peace of reformed churches. T. I.; Davenant, John, ca. 1572-1641.; Hall, Joseph, 1574-1656.; Morton, Thomas, 1564-1659.; Ussher, James, 1581-1656. 1643 (1643) Wing O356; ESTC R216583 49,936 153

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foundation of our Christian faith what is it else but to revolt from Christ the rocke on which the Church is founded built Of this last Obstacle because it is of speciall use and moment I shall treate somewhat more at large In the first place therefore I conceive that to be a Fundamentall point which by the ordination of God revealing such a truth is of such necessity unto salvation to be knowne and assented unto as that a bare Ignorance much more a wilfull Opposition of it carries with it a certaine perill of exclusion from the kingdome of heaven Divines now-adaies have no Commission to invent or coine any new Articles of this nature and obtrude them on Gods Church that which was not fundamentall in the Apostolicall and Primitive times all our assertions and altercations and Anathema's will never bee able to make it such These first and fundamentall Trueths collected out of the whole body of the Scriptures put together in the Apostles Creed make up that Rule of Faith which S. Austin terme's pusillis magnisque communem a common Rule for all men both great small and which is by him accounted necessary to bee beleived constantly by all Concerning the which that speech of Hilary also is much to the same effect 't is our safest and best course to hold fast that first onely-Evangelicall Faith which we made confession of at our Baptisme And to these fundamentall Trueths the Apostle I beleive had an eye when he stiled Titus his owne sonne {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} after the common Faith This common Faith laid downe in the Apostles Creed proposeth to all Christians to be beleived by them the wonderfull Production of all creatures out of nothing the unsearchable mysterie of the glorious Trinitie the fruit benefit that redound's to miserable sinners from the Incarnation Passion Resurrection and Glorification of Christ what follow's thereupon the Redemption of mankind the Sanctification of the Elect the Communion of Saints the Remission of sins the Resurrection of mens bodies and the Glorifying of the Faithfull He that beleive's all which wee have here comprised in this short Creed and endeavour's to lead his life according to the Commandements and Precepts of our Saviour Christ cannot justly be denied the title of a Christian nor expelled the fellowship and communion of any Christian Church whatsoever On the other side He that shall deny or oppose any one of the said Articles although he arrogate to himselfe the name of a Christian yet is he to be excluded and banished the society of all orthodoxe and sound Christians Besides these there are I confesse many other Trueths contained in the Scriptures and deducible from thence by good and solid consequence which are very profitable to be knowne and of singular use to further us in the knowledge of Divinity but they are then only and not otherwise necessary to be beleived under paine of forfeiture of our salvation or communion with the Church when 't is clearely evidenced unto us that they are contained in Gods word or may necessarily be inferred from it In these points therefore if any particular Church cannot make the Trueth which she her selfe beleive's so cleare and manifest to other Churches as thereby to winne them over to the same beleife shee must forsake them in their Errours but by no meanes may she because of such errours deny them her charity and Communion I adde further that if it should happen that two Churches should vary about some particular place of holy Writ the one conceiving that it confirme's a fundamentall point of Faith and the other thinking that it doth not so yet is not such a difference as this a sufficient cause why they should fall at odds and separate one from another so long as they agree both of them in the Point it selfe and acknowledge it to have cleare solid foundation in other places of God's word And last of all this may be added yet further that 't is not a thing impossible nor any way contrary to the duety of good Christians to entertaine a communion with those Churches which hold such a doctrine as seemes to us inconsistent with some fundamentall Trueth so that in the meane while they doe expresly beleive professe that fundamentall Trueth it selfe For 't is utterly against all Charity yea and Reason too that a man should be thought meerely for some consequences which he neither apprehend's nor grants to deny and reject a fundamentall point which yet he strongly beleive's , expresly affirme's yea and if need so required would not stick to seale the trueth of it with his dearest blood How much truer and more charitable is that opinion of a grave and moderate Divine We must not saith he so much consider what will follow in the thing it selfe from every assertion as what will follow from it in the apprehension and judgement of those who maintaine any such assertion as seeme's to us repugnant to some fundamentall point of Faith For as he who assent's to the trueth of some Principle cannot therefore be said properly to beleive and understand whatsoever and abler Schollar can by consequences infer from that Principle so neither can he who maintaine's a false Opinion justly bee thought to hold all those absurdities which a nimble head easily observe's to adhere unto or follow upon that erroneous Opinion of his We may indeed urge and presse these consequences upon our Brethren to see if haply wee can by this meanes beat them off their errour but malitiously to fasten them upon them as though they were their profest Opinions this we may not doe How farre this extend's and of what excellent use it is to the setling of a brotherly union amongst the Reformed Churches all wise men and such as unfainedly desire the peace of Gods Church will easily perceive For if it once be granted that a Peace and Union is not impossible that is not unlawfull save onely with such as actually disbeleive some fundamentall point of Faith or maintaine some such Heresy as strike's at the heart of Religion and cut's off the Abettors of it from having any communiō with Christ then will it follow that betwixt a sound and a diseased Church betwixt two Churches whereof one is more the other lesse pure there may be such a brotherly communion as we desire among the Germane Churches Let therefore the Orthodoxe Churches separate themselves from all such as have plaid the Apostates fallen away from fundamentall Faith but let them not separate from those which erre onely in points of lesser moment and such as doe not cut off the maintainers of them from being members of the mysticall body of Christ the sole author and fountaine of our salvation The Apostle command's us to receive not reject such as are weake in the Faith And the same Apostle tel's us how that we which are strong ought to beare the
either the private Opinions of some particular men or else but Corollaries and conclusions violently wrested by force of argument out of their severall Opinions would but men as in reason they ought forbeare to father any thing on either side save onely that which their whole Churches expresly owne and professe for their received Opinions it would be very easie to maintaine that all the Dispute and Controversie which is in agitation betwixt them is such as may be tolerated and that there is not any thing contained in the Faith and Doctrine of either side which overthrowe's Salvation Now were but this once agreed upon and beleived on both sides there would remaine litle or no difficulty in this whole businesse wherein worthy men doe at this present employ themselves namely of setling Peace and Unity amongst our Churches For seeing there are but two waies possible of being reconciled either that one side shall renounce their private Opinions and come over to the other or else that both sides shall joyne together retaining their severall Opinions and by a mutuall condescending shall each of them tolerate that which they dislike in the other's Doctrine especially if it be such as cannot be altered without perill and dammage to a whole Church the former of these two waies as we conceive is not now to be stood upon whereof triall hath been heretofore made not onely without successe but with much danger harme as appeares sufficiently from those many Disputations Conferences which have been held betwixt both sides during this whole Age whereby hatred and enmity hath been ingendred rather than extinguished and the number of Controversies rather increased than diminished Wee must therefore betake our selves to that other way of being reconciled and in it must we employ all our paines and cares studies as being indeed both the onlyeasie and lawfull way yea and necessary too in our judgement And that wee may at length attaine unto this it would not be amisse as we conceive to proceed after this manner and method first wee must endeavour that a kinde of Truce and Cessation from our st●ifes contentions may be agreed upon and enjoyned the Divines of both sides and that they be stirred up and exhorted to take this whole businesse into consideration this being obtained in the next place speciall diligence must be used that after a meeke freindly and most persuasive manner it be made appeare to all that we are not at variance about any fundamentall Point of Christian Religion or such wherein men may not safely be of either Opinion without hazarding their salvation and here men must be very carefull that they refraine from all intricate Questions and trifling Disputes such wherein the Schoolemen have spent so much paines mincing and mangling every thing into I know not how many peices then handling every peice severally which serve for no other end save onely to torture torment mens mindes but no way make for edification Would but God be pleased so farre to prosper these endeavours as that thus much may be once brought to passe wee make no doubt but every man would then readily wish for this much-desired Communion which none ever shunn'd or refused but out of a kinde of Religion and Conscience conceiving it unlawfull to entertaine a Communion with any that are not of the same beleife and Opinion with themselves so soone as men on both sides shall be wrought off from this superstitious conceit they will gladly run and rush as it were into one anothers armes and embraces For it cannot be imagined that there is any man either of the one side or the other so stupid void of all reason Religion but knows how foul scandalous a thing how hurtfull to both sides how dangerous and pernitious to the whole Christian world this Schisme is which hath hitherto divided and distracted us on the other side how sweet how beneficiall both to our selves all others Unity and Peace would be so it might be had without losse of Faith and Salvation And truely the way to setle this Unity were we but once come to that is plaine and easie For seeing we doe both of us by God's grace equally acknowledge and beleive the Gospell of our Lord Jesus Christ penned by his Disciples and seeing we confesse that whatsoever is of necessity for salvation to be beleived or done by us it is all clearely and plainly laid downe in this Gospell what hinder's why we may not joyntly confirme and ratify those Articles wherein we both agree for those other Points about which wee differ wee may expresse them in such words and phrases as the sacred Scriptures afford us and not suffer our men to enquire any further or contest about thē For if it be true which we both confesse that all those heavenly mysteries which must necessarily be knowne by us are clearely revealed in God's word doubtles then we may content our selves with so much as the Scripture has delivered and wee may safely forgoe all other Points wherein the Scripture is silent Let therefore all the Heads of matters in Dispute amongst us be laid downe and expressed in a certaine and set Forme such as may give satisfaction to both parties made up wholly if it be possible of Scripture-words and let no man require from his Brother any more besides it if any man have attained to a further degree of knowledge let him keep his knowledge to himselfe and let him not despise the weaknesse and simplicity of others who have not made so great a progresse in knowledge as himselfe As for Rites and Ceremonies wherein the forme of divine worship and the Churche's Discipline are contained we conceive it fit that every Church should be left to her owne judgement and liberty herein and that no innovation be made about such matters Hereafter if it shall please God when time shall have confirmed and strengthened this Union there may be compiled by the joynt consent and advice of all a common Liturgy which would be both a token and bond of Peace For the present we shall think our paines well bestowed if at this first attempt we can prevaile with both sides to tolerate mutually out of Christian Charity such differences of Opinion as are betwixt us either in Doctrine or Discipline which truely are but small altogether unworthy to occasion such a Rupture and Breach betwixt us and so at length to acknowledge one another to be as indeed we are Brethren in the Lord Thus much we thought good to speak in breife touching this matter that our reverend Brethren who are well affected to the publike Peace may understand how ready willing wee are to concurre with them in this pious and Christian worke And though our meane abilities and the present state and condition of our affaires be such as that wee cannot performe such service in it as is meet and requisite yet shall our earnest prayers alwaies accompany the labours and endeavours of those reverend men who are or shall be employed therein and we shall account that day most happy wherein we shall behold Brethren having buried all strifes and contentions joyne hands and hearts and dwell together in the same Jerusalem by this fast and firme Communion anticipating as it were foreacting here upon earth that everlasting Unity and Concord which we shall hereafter enjoy in Heaven AMEN FINIS C. 8. V. 19. Ephes. 4. 15. Rom. 12. 14. Joh. 17. 21. Act. 4. 32. Ho●p Histor. Sacr. Ann. 15 29. Idem Ann. 1537 Ibid. Harm. Confes. par 1. 2. in Confess Polon. 1. Chron. 22. 16. Mat 23. C. 4. v. 5. 2. Cor. 6. 16. 〈…〉 a● 〈…〉 Ad Constant August Tit. 1. 3. Bucer Rom. 14. 1. Rom. 15. 1. Magdeburg Lib. 2. cap. 7. August de unitate Eccl. c. 1● a In Epist. ad Luther b Contra Rober Atringen alibi Hosp in Hist. Sacr. pag 144 ad An. 153 6. c Ibid. Coiloq momp. pag 16. 〈…〉 Ann. 15●● p. 145. Math. 18. Joh. 1335. 1. Cor. 3. 12. Osiand Antist. pag. 75. In Ant●st pag 91. Gal. 2. 9 Act. 7. 16 Psal. 122 9. In Antist. pag. 7 4. O● 2. Tit. 1. 3. Epist ad Stephen ad Iuhaian Praef. ad Co●●il Carthag V●l August de B●p● lib. 2 cap 4 5. Epiph. Har 42. 70. N●zian Orat. 30. ●●st ●u●lib 4 cap. 30. Orat. 3. de Pa. ● In Orat. unum esse Christ●m Calvi● Epist. 57. Bulling Calvin tract. 2. de●ens de Sacra●… C●n● Melanchthon Calvino inter Epistola● Calvini 187. Iob. Sturmius Ep. ●d Prin● Fredet●i●ter Calvini Ep. 304. Calvin Epist. 240. Iacob Andreae Epist. 32. Farello C●l●i● ●pi 〈…〉 Mart●●●●●●al●●●●o 〈…〉 t●s 〈…〉 ● 〈…〉 a Ep. Sturm●● ad ●r●d Prin●●●t●r Epist. ●al●in 304. b ●●●●h 〈…〉 de C●●● Domini con●●ss●● Magistrat a ●●●tur 〈…〉 xtat ●●ter 〈…〉 Epist. ●04 Epist. 45 ●●●●●● Su●tz●r ib. b Calvin Epist 32. ●ar●●●● c Melan●●● Epist. Calvin ●●●●●ter Ep. 187. Calv. Opusc. Defens 2 de Sacram. C●…nae This is the Title of that Confession G●i● de G● 〈…〉 li●●●t●●● D● 〈…〉 Crea 〈…〉 〈…〉 * Zanch. Iudici● de di●●idio C●●● in fine Miscella●●o●u●● Quod idem pr●batur a ●uinglio i●i●e a citate ●●d ●tiam F●ild●um nostratem in lib. de Eccles. Appendi●e ●●d lib. ● de Eccl●s●● c. 35. 42. App●nd part ● respons ad secundum capu● Hi●gonii ●●●●●●a● citantur P●● M●●a● l. Cai●tan 〈…〉 These heads 〈…〉 granted on bo●h sides in this Conscienc● G●l 6 1● 〈…〉 15. 1. 〈…〉 3. 15.
mercy of God that God found not any cause or occasion in those whom hee elected the sight whereof might move him to chuse them rather than others but that he did from all eternity reprobate and praedestinate to eternall damnation such as persevere and persist in their sinnes and infidelity not by any rigid and absolute decree without having any respect or regard to sin but out of his most just judgement so as all the cause the blame of it ought to be sought for in the men themselves In this they are at a stand that the foresight of Faith and Perseverance is by the reverend Divines of Saxony placed before the act of God's Election so as God did from everlasting foreordaine such as he fore-saw would in time beleive c. Certainly of all the Questions about Praedestination this concerning the order of his Decree is least materiall seeing we know assuredly that the infinite all-wise disposer of things performes all this with one single most simple act There is nothing more certain than that God did foresee who would beleive and that he did praedestinate such as should be saved let but this then be granted which they of Saxony willingly professe that Faith is the sole gift of God and that whatsoever good there is in the Elect all of it doth originally proceed from the free grace meere mercy of God which was bestowed on them in Jesus Christ from all Eternity I say let this be granted and doubtlesse there can be no danger in that Opinion of Praevision or fore-sight God from everlasting fore-saw that which he himselfe from everlasting decreed to bestow in time upon such as should beleive All this is sound and safe nor is there any cause why any further strife contention should be made here about In all this I embrace and applaud this Christian and brotherly moderation and holy desires of Peace thus it becomes Christians thus it becomes Divines I am much deceived if this modest and seasonable appeasing and calming of men's minds doe's not promise a firme and perpetuall Peace to God's Church Thou God of Peace in thy good time accomplish it give eare to the prayers of thy People and grant that all Christians may be of one heart and one way till at length we come by Thee who art the Way to Thee who art the Life Amen Amen From the Palace at Exceter Febr. 25. 1634. Which is the humble daily and devout prayer of JOS EXON Afterwards the same Mr John Dury sent unto the Ld Bishop of Exceter a Coppy of a certaine pious and peaceable Decree made published by a generall vote at a publike Meeting of the States in Franckfort requesting his Opinion concerning the meanes and manner how this good worke might be advanced where unto he had returned him this Answer TO HIS MOST FAITHfull learned and loving freind Mr JOHN DURY all happinesse SIR IHave read over with a great deale of delight the Transcript you sent me of that Decree for Peace which was lately signed by all the Protestant States and Delegates assembled at Franckfort than which Decree nothing in my Opinion could possibly have been devised more full of prudence and religion nor doe I see as the case now stand's what more could be once hoped for or what could possibly have beene proposed and resolved upon that might more conduce to the advancement of the publike Peace which all good men so much wish and desire Thus it was meet that the holy Citizens of God's Church that pious Princes and Peeres should thus carefully provide for the Peace and safety of Christendome And blessed be God the bestower of every good gift the Author of Peace who did put into their noble hearts those holy desires and purposes may the same good God be pleased at length to finish this his owne work so hopefully begun and crowne it with successe And truely neither our prayers nor our utmost endeavours shall ever be wanting hereunto neither know I well upon what hopes it is but methinkes my mind doth confidently promise and praesage a happy issue to this holy enterprise For indeed what a small and slender hedge is it which now divide s and part 's us We doe all of us of the Reformation receive and approve the same Scriptures the same Creeds the same Augustane Confession onely in one Article the sense is so doubtfully expressed that the Author himselfe did not thinke it safe to adhere to the letter of it The foundation of the Christian Faith is amongst us all one and the same entire and unshaken there 's not so much as one stone in it or the least peice of coement about which any question either is or can be made Upon this Foundation there are built certain Points of Schoole-divinity about which alone we so hotly contend but what are these to a Christian What are these to Salvation In what a safe and quiet state might the affaires of Christendome have been if such nice Disputes of curious and over-busie heads had never been heard of if learned men could have contented thēselves with some generall formes of expressing the Trueth and not presently to have sifted Divinity so over-nearly as they have done But seeing these strifes which are not onely unprofitable but very hurtfull and prejudiciall to both sides are thus unfortunately raised what better advice can be thought upon for the setling and composing of these stirres than that the Faith be brought back againe to its primitive simplicitie and plainenesse by the publike authority and joynt consent of the Christian Church And that in this confused mixture and multiplicity of matters of beleife the Christian world be taught warily to distinguish betwixt the genuine and proper Articles of Faith and the lesse necessary additions of Schoole-conclusions which truely in this very businesse is a matter of no great difficulty to performe This especially is fundamentall Christ is both God and Man and so likewise this Christ God and Man is truely omniscient omnipotent omnipresent now if any shall adde further Jesus Christ according to his humane nature is omniscient omnipotent omnipresent truely that word according seemes to be farre off from the Foundation 't is a Scholasticall notion and to be turned over to profest Divines but it is not fit the Salvation of plaine and illiterate Christians should be made to hang and depend upon such a subtle and nice Point as this is Can these knowe or are they bound to know how farre the vertue of the hypostaticall Union extend's it selfe or what the bounds are either of those faculties or operations which flow from that union of the two natures Certainely if God had intended this for a necessary Point to be knowne by all men he would not so sparingly and obscurely have revealed unto his Church a mystery so fundamentall and important I dispute not the trueth of the Point nor is this pertinent to my purpose onely I question whether it