French who used them mildely found quite otherwise And we see that Once de Leon leaving them by reason of their salvagenesse one Ferdinand de Sotâ— in the year one thousand five hundred thirty four for booty and discovery of Mines made a voyage thither where he committed a thousand cruelties upon the people and the Catiques themselves so as at last in revenge he and all his company were massacred Afterwards Pamphilio de Naruanez brought a good Colony into the River of Palmes where either by tempest or want the greater part perished Then in the year one thousand forty nine some Religious of Saint Benedicts order were sent thither who had but little better successe so as the countrey remaining unplanted by any forrainers in the yeare one thousand five hundred sixty two our French went to make a conquest of it Lo here the first discovery and taking possession of these territories by Verazan in the name of King Francis the first in the year 1524. For Admirall Chatillon ambitious the French should have the honour and Empire of those parts had induced Charles the ninth to commission John Ribaut Diepois to go plant there at his own cost and charges advised to the designe by a French-man who under the stile of a Levantisk and Savoyard not a French-man had before made a voyage that way to New Spain Ribaut with a good party â—f French souldiers and Marriners first touch at the Cape of France so named by him in thirty eight degrees and the faire River May which he so called because he arrived there on the first of May. There the Indians and their King gave him kinde entertainment and many presents were interchanged ours gave them bracelets of Tinne Bills Looking-glasses and Knives They returned Plumes of red feathers Baskets of twigges finely platted and skinnes of beasts ingeniously figured On further they found other Rivers to which they gave the names of Seine Somme Loire Charante Garoma Gironda Belle and others within lesse then sixty leagues off coast then upon the River Jordan they cast Anchor and called that place Port Royal where they set up the Armes of France as they did in the River May upon a stone pillar Ribaut upon his designe of planting built a Fort he called Charles-Fort in the mouth of a faire River by the natives called Toubachire by Chenonceau and placing in it Captain Albert with twenty souldiers and foure pieces of Ordnance he returned for France bringing for a shew some pieces of Rock streaked with gold and silver and abundance of Munkeys and Paraquitoes promising to return shortly with a considerable Colony of men and women Here Captain Albert Governour of the Fort falls in love with a daughter of one of the principal Caoiques very fair and coming whom he had procured into the Fort with her Fathers consent the maid holding it for a great honour to be affected by strangers But here upon a souldier one of the chiefest and gallantest of the company becomes her servant also and by so much the more ardent for some countenance she shewed him though in private the Captain perceiving it he fell into such rage he would have killed him but for fear of mutiny amongst the souldiers so thought better to set him a shore in a desert Island three leagues from thence promising to send him provision from time to time but not performing accordingly the poor man was brought to such extremity he had no sustenance but Oysters Tortoise egges Birds that he took with his hand and hearbs and was forced to creep into hollow trees for security from wilde beasts especially Crocodiles whereof there are great store nor did his sword and punniard stand him in small stead against them The very Apes and Munkies were vexatious to him Sometimes for better security he climbed into trees and they say falling asleep one night in a tree he tumbled down on the back of a Crocodile that was come a shore for his prey 't was hard to say which was most frighted but he pursued the Crocodile to the River side being but slow of pace by reason of his short legges and heavie body Certain Indians fishing saw the miserable condition of this poor man and advertised his comerades in the Fort who incensed against their Captaine for this and other rigours killed him and fetched back the souldier halfe dead with hunger then chose another Captaine and constrained by necessity to return into France by help of the Indians they built a little Bark nailed with wooden pinnes and fitted with Sayles of such linnen as they had victualled with the round corne of the countrey they call Mays and powdered flesh but were driven to such exigent by the way they were fain to cast lots who should be so unhappy as to be food for the rest In the year one thousand five hundred sixty four Captain Landoniere was sent thither with three vessels who built Fort Caroline upon the River May and thence made some inroads upon the Continent amongst other things he relates a flash of lightening the most horrid and prodigious was ever heard of for it covered and burnt above five hundred Acres of Meadow green and watered roasted the Fowle and continued for three dayes without ceasing The year following Captain Ribaut returned thither with his son and about four hundred men and women to compose his colony and till the soyle He was upon opening a Mine of Gold and in the rock was come to fine gold of the bignesse of needle points about 30. leagues from the sea but afterwards being about to go on with the work effectually he was unexpectedly surprized by Spaniards who used him and his company with all cruelty and treachery imaginable Our Histories relate the passage at large so as our Forts were taken and all our countrymen hanged or murthered Young Ribaut escap't came back into France and complained to the King who wrote to the King of Spain about it but he onely sent order to the Viceroy of New Spain to informe himself of the matter and accordingly to do justice which neverthelesse was forgotten and so the outrage was unsatisfied till the year 1567. that Captain Gourgues nobly undertook the revenge at his own charges and bravely drove out all the Spaniards and demolished their Forts I shall make no further progresse for that the Histories of Florida make large relations CHAP. VIII Of Mexico the nature of the Inhabitants their Kings sacrifices c. FRom Florida by degrees we arrive at New Spaine or the kingdom of Mexico A countrey extending in length and breadth from the River Tanasco or Grisalue towards the West or Jucatan to the Province of Caliacan and the river Saint Michael bounded on the North with new Granada and the Provinces of new Mexico On the South lyes the great gulph of the pacifick sea of Mexico On the East the River Panuco and the skirts of Florida The kingdome of Mexico is otherwise called Culbuca and
observed it to do in other countries under the same line In fine so fertile are these countries that like those water'd by the river Nile they yield two harvests annually and each harvest of sufficiency to furnish the people with provision for five years Whence it comes that storing up their corn in Cavernes under ground which the Moores call Mattamorres calked against moysture with a cement made of Sea-shels where being first dryed in the Sun they keep it what time they please they never think of sowing more while they have any thing to live on so as the land being thus laid up at rest becomes more fertile Their sheep breed twice a year and often two or three lambs at a time The Cape of Palmes is in the territory of Isma towards Guinnee with the Castle of Mina which the Portugues built upon this coast drawing towards the Cape de bona Esperanza the kingdom of Manicongo extends it self from the River Val de Biraco or da Borca as far as the River of S. Paul This River da Borca otherwise called Rio de Los Reyes is a quarter of a dayes journey from that of Agina or Asicera True it is there are Maps which place it near to Biafar though it be distant thence more then five hundred leagues Biafar lying near to Amasan and Medra the cause of this errour is that they take it for the River called the Infanta of Portugal which on the East hath the River Angra which waters the Town of Masire or Maciera directly over against the Isle of S. Thomas and fronts the great kingdome of Damute through the middle whereof passes the River of Bancara Vibris and Vamta with a branch of Noir all which conjoyne in Zaire Zaire overflowes like Nilus and runs through many countries some Mahometan some Pagan who adore the Sun and about the break of day compose themselves on some eminent place to make their Salema that is their prayer at his Rising casting themselves covered with a large cloth a hundred times to the ground and kissing it most devoutly Some say that these two great kingdomes Damute and Monicongo bound upon Goyame or Guiame which by reason of their great distance is most incredible It is rather on one side for on the South and West side Monicongo is divided by the River Bancara which lyes three degrees on the other side the line and two from Cape de Lopo or Loubo at his disgorging near the river Gouan or Gabam not far from the Cape Gonzal and the Cape St Catherine directly opposite to Cape Primaco something near the Torrent of Fremo which the Natives call Gouira The last Cape of Damute is Almada or Almadias into the Gulph whereof one branch of Zaire and the River of Saint Helen issuing forth at the same place do cast themselves having on the North Abidara which joynes it self to the Cataracts On the West the land of Jair and Gubara on the East Cogira where begins the Cape de Corrientes twenty four degrees from the South Next we come to the great Empire of the Abissins containing more then thirty five kingdomes insomuch as some would have it equall with all Europe The people for the greatest part are grosse and bruitish clothed with beasts skins though the country abound with gold which the Rivers wash in with their streams The women carry their Infants at their back in Goat skins and never go into the field without their staffe and victualls and cast their hanging breasts over their shoulders for their children to suck For the generality they are a very wretched people subjects to the great Neguz who Commissions certain Deputies for administration of Justice amongst them But these Deputies finding them so voyd of reason retire themselves to Townes twenty or thirty leagues distant and the others will not afford the paines to go so far so as when any difference happens they entreat the next Passenger to decide it and in case he refuses they way-lay him with bow and arrows and by force oblige him to give sentence which be it good or bad is observed most religiously for recompense presenting him with some beast to carry his baggadge most commonly with a Dent which is much like to a little Mule only it hath a hogs taile and little horns which grow only skin deep which it moves as the eares and is much more swift travelling on the sands his hoof will burn and cleave so as 't is impossible to get him wag a foot then their only way is to make meat of him his flesh being exceeding delicate though without salt not long to be kept from corrupting to worms The greatnesse of this part of the world is particularly seen in that we find within it a hundred and fifty large kingdoms without reckoning many more of lesse quantity which people this vast Peninsula of above two thousand leagues in length and latitude It is water'd with many fair rivers some whereof have their overflowes like the River Nile and as beneficiall others role before them sands of gold besides Lakes Marshes and impenetrable Forests rich gold mines numerous heards of cattle double harvests the horrible monsters the diversity of people some civilized others so bruitish they know neither religion nor articulate language some christians of various Sects others Mahometans and a great part Gentiles and Idolaters under the dominion of several Princes of which the chiefest are the Grand Seigniour who possesses Egypt wholly with great part of the Coast of Barbary The great King of the Abissins who holds almost all the intestine Africa with both the strands of Nile The great Monomotapa Lord of almost all the Southerne Verges even to the Cape de bona Esperanza The potent King of Fez and Marocco and a multitude of other Kings and particular Princes as those of Tombut Ganga Borno who possesse many kingdomes Of this so spacious and populous Africa the Ancients had discovered but some few countries under the name of Egypt Cirenaica Numidia Libia Mauritania Ethiopia Nigrites Garamantes Atlantes and very few more The Arabians at this day make a quadrupart division of it notwithstanding that it is not intirely known by reason of the dismal deserts which shut up passages and deprive us of discovery The first begins at the Cape of Babouchi or Guardafuni where they insert many countries out of Africa taken in by a Prince named Tramurat who subdued Arabia Felix and went in Arms as far as Carmanio to which they call Erac and amongst these are the kingdomes of Macran and Guadel which are contained herein The second called Biledugerid heretofore Numidia terminates Egypt at the Town Eleocat The third is a vast and horrid wildernesse which stretches it self to the bounds of Lible by them called Saria or the Desert because it takes beginning at Nile and ends at the Desert of Saria The fourth begins at the kingdome of Gonaga and ends at the kingdome of Galata Some
Cambinga or Jordan and 70. to the Cape St. Helen in 32. degrees to Rio secco 40. to La Croix 20. Berugon in the Indies thence to Cagnoval or Cannaveral 40. leagues People of Cano or Cagnoval the point of Cagnoval in 28. degrees and to Florida 40. leagues the tongue of Land extending it self 100. leagues by Sea over against Caba on the East Behame or Lucaros the point of Florida in 15. degrees thence to the Angle di Baccho 100. leagues Ancon du Baxos and to Rio Nives and Rio di Flores 20. leagues and 20. to the harbour of Spirito Sancto by the Indians called Caulatan 70. leagues in 28. degrees and from thence 200. leagues to the River di Palmo 30. leagues over thence to the River of Pescadoros Ind. Sotassi under the Tropick thence to Panonco 35. leagues to villa ricca 70. to San Jouan de Loua a famous port 5. leagues from the Shallous of Vega to the river Aluarado 40. leagues Ind. Papa Jouapan to Cauacalo fl 50. and to Guisalua fl 50. 18. degrees thence to Cape Rotundo 80. leagues by the way stand Chagraton and Lazaro thence to Cape Catuco 90. leagues Jacatan 21. degrees thence to Florida 900. leagues from the gulf of Mexico 60. leagues where there are strange currents and falls of water from the edg of the gulph to Rio grande 120. leagues passing by Punto di Mugeres and the harbour di la Ascension Rio grande bosomes it self in the Sea in 17. degrees thence to Cape Cameroze 150. leagues thus 30. to Queras 30. to Caualles thirty to Trionfada 30. to Honduma and 20. to Camzone thence to Agata or Gratia dios 70. leagues in 14. degrees Cartago is in the middle of the coast of Gratia a dios to di San Guadero 60. leagues which is a great waste out of the Lake Nicaraga thence to Zanbara 40. leagues and to Nombre di dios 60. Vetagua is the mid-way From Nombre de dios to Sucatan is good 500. leagues the Isthmus is but 5. leagues but from Escarpoucos 't is 17. from Nombre de dios to Faralones 70. leagues 8. degrees there was a design to cut this Isthmus but some were of opinion that the South-sea lying higher would fall in and drown all By the way we meet with Aola and the Porto de Missa so called for that the Prince that discovered it caused Masse to be said there in thanks for the success The harbour of Ordea thence to Carthagena 70. thence to St. Martha 50. leagues by the Port of Zembra and Rio grande thence to Cape de vello 50. leagues and thence to Sancto Domingo 100. leagues from Cape de vello to Guiboucas 40. leagues then the Gulph of Venusuela extending it self 80. leagues to Cape St. Romano thence to Gulph Tuste 50. leagues in the middle of the Gulph is Curiana thence to the Gulph Cariari 100. leagues the coast is in 10. degrees There is Porto di Cassia Tistula Chiribichi and Cumana fl the point of Areya Cubaga or the Isle of Pearle or the Margarite from this point to the Salines is 60. leagues thence to Cape Anegades 8. degrees 80. leagues where in a bosome lies the harbour of Paria from Anegades to Ric dolee 50. leagues six degrees thence to Oreglane or di Amazonas fl 110. leagues from Nombre di dios to Oreglane 800. leagues a river that in the mouth is 50. leagues over there the first that arrived to traffick were massacred by the women Douglane and Onaragnen which is 15. leagues broad in 4. degrees are held 100. leagues distant thence 't is 100. leagues to the Angla di S. Luca and a hundred to Cape Promero thence to Cape St. Augustine in 8 degrees 70 leagues the next land to Vfo for from thence to Cape Verde is 500 leagues thence to the Gulph di ' Todos Sanctos 100 leagues in 13 degrees by the way is the river St. Francesco and the river Reali thence to Cape Abralosoios 100 leagues a Coast full of shelves conceal'd rocks and bars of sands very dangerous wherefore they must hold 20 miles off to sea in 13 and 18 degrees from de Fue to the point bono Abrigo thence to the Point St. Michael 50 leagues and 60 to the river St. Francisco six and twenty degrees thence to Tibiquiri one hundered leagues in the road the Port Patos Port Fariol Sigaro Toubanaco c. Thence to Plata fifty leagues five and thirty degrees from St. Augustino there is six hundered and sixty leagues from the Mouth of it to the Point St. Helen sixty five leagues thence to Arenas Gordas thirty leagues to low Anegado fourty to Tierrabaxa fifty to Baya sin fondo sixty a Gulfe in one and fourty to Arifices de Loubos fourty to Cape Saint Domingo five and fourty to Chiquera or Cape Bianco twenty to the river Saint John Serran twenty called Agova de Trabaios nine and fourty degrees thence to the Promont at the thousand Virgins the Streight ends The summe is twelve hundered leagues from Venosuela to Desrado a Cape in the Mouth of the Streight from North to South From Cape Desrado to the mouth of the Straight not far from the Bell a Rock which seems to cover the mouth of it to the South sea 70. leagues the bounds are first Cape Promero 49. degrees thence to Salmas 44. degrees and 165. leagues from Salmas to Cape Hermoso 110. leagues and 44. degrees thence to the River S. Francesco 60. to Rio Sancto 120. leagues to Chirinaca 100. leagues 31. d. not farre off Gest and Rio de Plata◠to Chinca or Rio de Plobados 200. leagues 22. degrees to Arequippa 18. degrees 90. l. to Lima 12. degrees 140. leagues to Cape Anguilla 100. leagues Truxillo and other Ports are upon this coast Thence to Cape Bianco 40. leagues and 60. to Cape Helena 2. degrees thence to Guegemir 70. leagues the Cape Saint Laurenzo They finde it to be thence to Cape S. Augustine 1000. leagues thence to the River of Peru 100. leagues the way lyes by the Gulf S. Matthew the River S. James and S. John of Peru to the gulf S. Michael 70. leagues 6. degrees extending 50. leagues from thence to Panama 8. degrees 155. leagues the 17. of Novemb. de dios Perou of 1000. in breadth and 1200. in length Corrcalatron 4065. leagues from Panama to Teouentepée 650. leagues adding 70. leagues from the coast of Panama to the Point of Aguera From the Bruche 100. leagues from thence 100. to the Cape Bianco where the Port Heiradura and 100. to the Port of the possession of Niqueraga 12. degrees thence to the gulf Fonseca 15. to Cortega 20. to Rio grande 30. to the River of Guali-Mala 45. to Sitoula 50. joyning to the Lake of Cortes which is twenty five long and eight broad from this Lake to Porto Pourado 100. and 40. to Crantepee which runnes from North to South with the River Coasacalco in 13. degrees and there compleat the 650.
Trade of Tauris ibid. Principall towns of Persia Page 35 Thais Alexanders Curtisan Page 36 A miraculous tyde Page 45 Toumacant a Western wind Page 63 Treason punished Page 73 Saint Thomas his shrine Page 76 Ternassery Page 80 Tydes from North to South meet in the strait of Magellan Page 109 Tahaba Page 111 Trienniall governments Page 120 The martyrdom of S. Thomas Page 126 A tempest calm'd by charms Page 124 Testimonies of love Page 142 Tygars hunted Page 159 The King of Transiana his curiosity and affability Page 161 Transiana a town and the valour of the women there Page 163 Tazatay a kingdom Page 169 Tartary Page 163 The Tartars conquests Page 180 The King of Tombut 's majesty Page 179 Trees that yield drink and thread Page 184 The Isle of thieves Page 186 The Talmassaca a garment of difference for nobility in Monopotapa Page 202 Land Tortoyses Page 211 Tributes to the Emperour of the Abyssins Page 213 A magnificent triumph Page 228 Titles of Preste John Page 246 Tortoises useful for travel Page 256 Tamatans pillagers Page 251 Triumphs at the inundation of Nile Thebaida and the deserts Page 279 Turkish proceedings against the Authour Page 290 Temesne and the people thereof Page 300 The Turks Religion Page 307 Turks have religious of several orders Page 307 Turkish Obsequies Page 308 Turkish Justice Page 309 Taboucaton the chief town in the kingdom of the Jalofes Page 321 A miraculous tree that continually distills water Page 332 A terrible tempest called an Aroucane and remarkable passages in it Page 335 Temistican the capital town in New-Spain Page 356 A tree yielding linnen and all necessaries Page 368 Balsom from a tree of soveraign vertue Page 369 Fruit used for money ibid. Temper of Peru. Page 374 V. UNicorns horns Page 15 The Virgin Peru. Page 199 Virginia by whom discover'd Page 352 Description of Virginia ibid. Vnknown lands Page 357 A remarkable vision foreshewing the arrivall of the Spaniards in Peru. Page 389 Vanity of the Portugals Page 405 W. WIne sold by Apothecaries Page 9 A draw-well at Outor Page 18 Spanish Wax Page 26 Women chosen Page 38 Women bought and sold Page 47 Wives in common Page 62 A war for a white Elephant Page 103 113 White Elephants adored Page 114 Winds called Monsouns cold in extremity Page 150 Widows married Page 155 Wood to strike fire Page 158 Women swimmers ibid. A furious wind called Tafon Page 182 Winds that preserve bodies incorruptible Page 187 Wine in Oxe horns Page 230 Walking mountains Page 280 A Whale Page 283 A remarkable accident of Whales Page 299 Singular windes Page 342 A wind of the use of rain Page 373 Water boyling hot by nature Page 377 Winglesse Birds Page 394 Z. ZAcharies tombe Page 6 Zibit Page 13 Zagathy Page 34 King of Zeilan Zinguebar Page 192 Zunam an Island Page 293 Zaflan a Lake ibid. Zaire and Zambre two rivers ib. Zuama a river by the Portugals called Rio del spiritu santo Page 218 Zio Marina Christos a Monastary Page 239 The torrid zone and the quality of the climat Page 342 FINIS Alexandria Caire His return and shipwrack in Candia Turluru Isle Canee A maâ—icious shipwrack Just punishment of the persidious The Author preserved Antioche Libanus Manna Chrysorrhoas Aman. Aleppo Damas. A Fâ—ench Cutler Amon and Sahanir Mounains Grots of persecuted Christians Aman and Pharphar Rivers Silkes Zacharies Tomb St. Pauls Imprisonment A fatall Execution A Dervis Armin. Dan Caesarea Benin Macharib foâ— Misor The Torrent Arnor Morets entertainment Wine sold by Apothecaries Provisions for the deserts Caravane Burning sands Want of water Dead sea of Sodome Jurabi a Guide uses the Compass Sad accidents in the deserts Apparitions in the deserts Arabian Robbers Montsina called Lurle or Tur. Oreb called Saint Cather-mount The three Arabia's the desert the stony and the happy Mâ—ka Medina Metar Alcoran Zidem a Haven Jâ—soreh Jewes â—hieves A cheat Medinat al. Nabi Jesrab Cassis deceived his brother Zibit Aden Ormus Description of Medina Mahomets tombe Caravan of Aleppo Dumas and Grand-Cair Books of the lives and Sects of Mahomets successours Surazins Saraca or Elfarabk Mahomets birth Mahomets law Alcoran Medina taken by Mahomet Iubara Abrahams Mountains Marabouts sacrificators Mahometan ceremonies Cassis his treachery Ferragous Outor A draw well at Outor Arabia the happy Zibit Alibenali Black sand Frankinsence Storax Benjamin Sabea Aloes Ladanum Cinamon Cassia Mazari Chicali Pecher a Haven Myrrhe Cosan or Cosara River His state Salsidas devotes Romadan S. John Baptist Dalata Debir Trade in Arabia Cameran Isle Red sea King Erithreus Sabeans Homerites Aden Abacoure or Bacoure The trade of Aden Spices and the trade from time to time Aden how fortified Cameran Dalascia Mezua Ibrani Camera Suachan Camelots Lacca Spanish wax Ginger Santall Dalascia Asses Caymans or Crocodile A strange dispute and a tempest ensuing Duma the Peguans false god Lucifer Strange tempest Amorous dames Socotora Ormus Ceyfadin Albuquerque King of Ormus Gedri Baharen Areca Abrazador Alep Trade from Oâ—mus King of Ormus Ormus regained by the Persian Persia and her bounds Cymits of Persia The Provinces of Persia Rivers Towns of Persia Benmir Babylon Bagded Pitch or Bitume Balsora Bagded Tauris or Tabris formerly Terva or Gerva Zagathy Xabas or Abas and Mirza Trade of Tauris Principall Towns of Persia Derbent Sumachia Bacchat Gezempee Machif Marseilian Curtizan Bezap or Bezouart casbin and Siras Thais Alexanders Cuâ—tizan Samarcant Sorismell Sinderate The Powerful state of the Kings of Persia Delicacies Seleris Women chosen Hunting Forrests Sophy signifies wise Hali. Hamar Cufa Ismael Sophy Sorts of religious orders amongst the Turks Sacar Icorma Calender Deruis cut-throats Nicotiane Some say that Amurath was killed by a Tribullian soldier guised inhabit of a Deruis Durmisar Erade Pluviander Barcas Salsidas Amicabir Nabassan Ostader Amirachor Caidsidibir Cassanderâ— Ageleps Archilep in Pegu. Inhabitants of Genua Places in the Indies The Portugais conquests in the East Christianisâ—e in the Indies Batinisir and her Carpets Diu assaulted by the Tuâ—k Areca a fruit common in the Indies Cambaye Town A miraculous tide The King at this time is tributary to the Grand Mogull Prodigious food Women bought and sold Ivory Children sold by Parents An accident Deli-Decan Sano sararadin Malabar Mandova Goa Guari Rivers Bâ—nactaru Isle of Goa Idolatry Dinary The Virgin Mary Honoured by the Indians Purcelains Mordesin diseases Scorbus Churches at Goa A sad fate of Pirats Provence a Province in France Aubaynea town in France A miraculous discovery of innocence Barcelor Baticola Presumption of the Portugais The strength of Cananor Naires are Gentlemen A most admirable medicine Ebony Areca Calicut Samorin Jonque Gondola Cochin Pepper of all sorts Miticale weight of a crown and a half Cochins scituation severall Christians at Cochin Women are common Toumacaui a western wind in force towards Potereau and Peru. Jenibaronâ— Portuguais go from Cohin into Portugall Aâ— strange History of a Portuguais Captain and certain
days we came to Cape Nona where we took in fresh water and seven dayes after we arrived at the white Cape a main shelter in the winter season where the fish lye so thick the ship brushes and rubbes upon them as 't were sayling through a shelf of sand There we found two vessels a Fleming and a Marseillian the Master whereof was John Baptista le vust called Servat who for his Merchant employed Aurigues the 15. of November we were upon a River of Guinea called Senega I ever carried with me a little memorial or diurnall where I set down all the curiosities I met with for which purpose I informed my self of the scituation of the countrey the quality of the Prince and government of which I will make a brief relation Guinea on the West is bounded with the River Senega which ingulfs into the Ocean at sixteen degrees to the North and the borders of Angela are at thirteen Guinea is divided into the high and the low the high Guinea inclines to the North the lower lyes along the Senega which they call Jeni and reaches to the kingdome Manicongo that begins at the first degree of the Line Upon the coast of Cape Verde are many Islands of one appellation the principal is of S. James in the hands of the Portuguese since the year 1446. where they have a well-fortified town and a Bishoprick stil'd Civitad an Island of 60. miles in length and 36. in breadth a mountanous country where they have never rain but in September and October which comprehend their winter The valleyes are fertile and afford excellent Melons the year round Dates and Sugar-canes in abundance flesh of all sorts Fowle and Venison with beards of horses and special good 'T is inhabited as that of S. Thomas by a conflux of all nations and the ayre being unwholesome they transport their infirm to an Island two leagues distant called Praya under a fine climate the ayr healthful and a commodious Haven betwixt two fair Rivers which compose two gulphs for harbours one whereof is capable to containe many vessels in security having before the mouth of it a little Island which guards it from the Maritime gusts and the land lying high defends it from windes by shore The other Islanders affect to land at this Port for that the rest are pester'd with sands and chiefly Borlouento and S. Thomas where there is ever some vessel cast away This Isle lyes close upon the Isle of Mago otherwise called Barlouento and near to Bona Vista Saint Nicholas Saint Anthony Saint Vincent Saint Lucie and Fell Islands plentifull of Cattle and Venison the inhabitants applying themselves onely to the chase powdering the flesh to sell to strangers as the skinnes likewise A little Eastward lyes the Isle del Fuego where they get as good wine as in the Canaries next is the Isle of Braua full of Venison and wilde Beeves whereof the Hydes are much sought after as being thick and tough But to Guinea the kingdome of the Jalofes is the first which beginnes Northward at the River Senega hath the Ocean on the West the Jalofes called Fonlogageias on the East and the kingdom of Barbessin on the South 't is above a hundred and fifty leagues in length of several commodities there is abundance as gold and silver which the natives conceale with all care from strangeers though in dealing with them 't is plain they have store for that by whiles they produce some unfined Taboucaton is their chief town They are Blacks but of good shape the women comely round-faced with eyes lively and attractive The men are martial dextrous in throwing a Javelin which they will throw with as exact arm as we shoot with our Gunnes They ride on good horses clothe as the African in short breeches a large Harnus like a sheet of wollen covers them from head to foot shod with Date-tree Sandals Vpon the coast they have the good and well-fortified Haven Beziguche whose entrance is skreen'd with a fair Island much frequented with strangers trading for the Indies Here are many Portuguese setled amongst them some married others who think of nothing but to heap up gold living something after the Barbarian Many of the Blacks go naked painted with dissolved gold their bodies carved and drawn with a various tincture as azure red and yellow which hold their life-time There are amongst them maids adorned in the same manner with great pendants in their ears and their lips pierced like the Brasilians they are generally libidinous and given over to luxury They who are thus engraved and inlay'd with paints or juyce of hearbs most commonly do it for want and this curiosiry is their attire Throughout the coast we find abundance of leather wax gold silver ivory and Amber-gris which is the reason the English Hollanders and Flemings visit them so oft The Jalofes are easie of belief and inclined to Christianity when they behold the Moon they make strong ejulations with sorts of adoration They adore yet some other Idols which neverthelesse fixe not their faith the Mahometans on one side who impugne them with their law on the other the Portuguese preaching ours and their own Priests charming them with their delusions and Idolatries They make their sacrifices in the woods making large hollow trees their Temples where they keep many Idols to which they sacrifice pulse Mill Rice and the blood of beasts whose flesh they eat The countrey of Bracala confines upon the rapide River of Gambra which in the mouth is five good leagues over ships cannot enter it without a direct wind with which they may advance three hundred leagues within the Countrey This River cuts the great kingdome of Mandinga in the middle peopled with Blacks Idolaters and abundance of Sorcerers wicked treacherous and base people When they hold a counsel t is in a cavern under ground to secure them from the prying of strangers They have store of Brasil wood as good as they of America and upon the river many townes and villages where they mantain many vessels of Warre to encounter with any whatsoever but upon advantage This countrey ends Southward at the Cape of S. Mary 30. leagues from the river Chougala by the Portuguese called S. Dominick There are two nations of the same quality the Barbachins called Ariates and Falupes who trade in nothing but fish and cattel They have an excellent way to take the sea-oxe the skins whereof they make great use of They apply themselves to till the soyle and get Mill Rice Pulse and other graine Out of this countrey comes the River Casamanca bounded Northward with the Jabundos on the South with the people of Bemum who on the East have the Casangas Of late yeares the Portuguese have discovered a way by an Arme of the Sea to Casangas and for this purpose have erected a good Fort upon the cheek of it called S. Philips This kingdome reaches Northward to Jaren and together do homage to the Sultanship
Dominion in North America as Peru in the South Betwixt both lyes Jucatan Hondura Nicaragua Veraga or Nombre de Dios Panama which chain them together Jucatan is a point of land which extends to the 21. degree like a peninsula being in the streightest place from Xicalanco to Chotemal some hundred leagues over the country was first discovered by one Fernandez in one thousand five hundred and seventeen afterwards by Grisalua who came from Cuba to the Isle of Cosumel or Saint Crois thence to Campechia Champatron and Tauasco Hondura was first discovered by Columbus in his last voyage 1502. last by one Casan who setled the Plantation of Tucillo in 1515. Pedrarias d' Avila in 1519. planted the Colonies in Nombre de Dios and Panama towards the South Sea the first discoverer of that sea was Vasco Muntz coming from Dariana in 1513. who with great joy rendred thanks to God and took possession for the King of Spain Betwixt Nombre de Dios and Panama 't is 17. or 18. leagues of Marshes Mountains and craggy asperous rocks full of fierce wild beasts of all kinds and a multitude of Apes that make a very troublesome noyse They transport their Merchandise from sea to sea either by land with convoyes or by the river Chagra to about five leagues from Panama and then by land with Convoy They have often thought of cutting this Isthmus in the streightest place but the difficulty of the Rocks and Mountains by the way besides the doubt if the seas are levell as at the Egyptian Isthmus hindred the proceeding A Colony at Sancta Maria Antiqua in Dariana displanted for the unsoundnesse of the ayre for but throwing warm water on the ground toads and other venemous creatures would engender Advancing towards the East we came to the Provinces of Vraba S. Martha Cartagena Popayan Dorado new Estramadora new Granada Venecuela Castilia Doro Bagota new Andolousia Paria Cahaqua Cumana c. South lyes Dariana then the great kingdome of Peru then Chila to the Streight Dariana was planted by one Anchisa there are Cowes with feet like Mules and hornlesse Peru according to some extends from Dariana to Chila others clipping it from Popayan North to Chila South It took name from the River Peru in two degrees Northward the Provinces thereof are Quito Quixos Popayan Canela Pacamores Gualsonge then Collao Carchas Anedas Tecuman to Chila Popayan is about two hundred leagues in length and forty in breadth lying upon new Granada towards the East The Provinces are Antioch Tataho Anserma Arma Pacoura Catapa Quinhaya Calix and Pasto Anserma 70. leagues from Antioch is called by the Indians Ombra but the Spaniards seeing the Inhabitants hold salt in their hand and call it Anser thought the town had been so called and continued that name there is a passage over the river Saint Martha at that town Arma is of note for rich Mines Parmoura hath also silver Mines the Province of Arbi extends to the Mountains of Cordilleras which runs a thousand leagues Southward on that side which stretches to the sea they never have raines by reason the South and South-West winds blowing continually drive the clouds away whereby this part is barren without tree fruit or grasse but the other side onely a league distant by reason of the rains abounds in fruits and all commodities In Quinbaya at the end of the Cordilleras over against Andes there is a famous burning mountain In the Province of Pastro there is a large valley called Arris ever cold both winter and summer All these parts are well peopled and the Inhabitants not so bloody nor man-eaters as in other parts living under a government and obedience to their Prince and believe in the resurrection after death and that they shall live in fields of peace with all sorts of delights Peru extends from Pasto to Chila ends Southward at the River Manto North at Augar Mayo here are vast sandy Plains as far as the Indies where the heat is extreme while snow lyes on the Mountains and the like diversity of the seasons I remember when I went to Sicily walking on the coast of Calabria in the beginning of March winter was so sharp there was not the least sprout of a Vine to be seen whereas in Sicily I found them a span high young beanes good Artichocks and they mowed green corn to give the blades to horses In this part between the sea and the Codilleras called Sanaria for want of wood they get a certain earth out of the water which they dry and make turfes like those in the low countreys the Mountains are the most desert and arduous in the world of long extent running from Panama to the streight they throw down divers Rivers and compose very fertile Valleys At the point of Sagotta at the entrance into those vast plains betwixt the Mountains and the Sea lyes a wide countrey covered with nothing but sand like the deserts of Arabia but not so white some shrubs there are or rather stalks strong as the Caper sprigges in the deserts of Palestine the same we call salt grasse which refreshes the passengers exceedingly and continues till May. The seasons differ but little in Quito Cagnales Santiago de porto Vieio Cusco Cagnata Collao Charcas The Province of Quito is called by the Spaniards Poblada de San Francesco and the capitall town S. Francis of Quito The length of Peru from Quito to Chila is some six hundred leagues the breadth about fifty The countrey is divided into three parts the Plaines upon the sea side about ten leagues over the Mountains and Valleys twenty leagues the Forests and Lawns twenty leagues within which little space of fifty leagues there is such difference that it rains as 't were alwayes in one part in another not at all and in the middle upon the mountaines seldome The Cordileras which run from Pole to Pole by the names of Andes and Sierra are very different though in the same elevation one side covered with woods where it rains and is ever hot the other side bare and cold winter and summer These mountains go for a thousand leagues in view of one another dividing at Cusco where they inclose the Province of Collao a Champaign countrey full of Lakes and Rivers Next Collao lyes Charcas a mountanous countrey rich in Mines Quito is under the Equinoctial abounding in all sorts of fruit whereof they make two harvests in the year The spring lasts from Aprill to November and from October to March their rains which they esteem their winter Here they have of those famous sheep called Pacos which serve as properly for carriage as horses of the height of an ordinary asse long legges deep belly long and risen neck and the head like ours in Europe They draw and do any work the flesh is wholesome and savory fresh or salt these beasts are tame and apt to be brought to labour Out of the Province of Cognata towards the