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A05339 Noua Francia: or The description of that part of Nevv France, which is one continent with Virginia Described in the three late voyages and plantation made by Monsieur de Monts, Monsieur du Pont-Graué, and Monsieur de Poutrincourt, into the countries called by the Frenchmen La Cadie, lying to the southwest of Cape Breton. Together with an excellent seuerall treatie of all the commodities of the said countries, and maners of the naturall inhabitants of the same. Translated out of French into English by P.E.; Histoire de la Nouvelle France. English. Selections Lescarbot, Marc.; Erondelle, Pierre, fl. 1586-1609. 1609 (1609) STC 15491; ESTC S109397 246,659 330

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the tast of wine which they tooke with a pipe The same hath preserued many of them from death The yong buds of hearbs in the Spring time be also very soueraigne And besides that reason requireth to beleeue it I haue tried it being my selfe gone many times to gather some for our sicke people before that those of our garden might be vsed which restored them to their taste againe and comforted their weake stomacks And as for that which concerneth the exterior parts of the body we haue found great good in wearing woodden pantaphles or patins with our shooes for to avoide the moistnesse The houses neede no opening nor windowes on the Northwest side being a winde very dangerous but rather on the East side or the South It is very good to haue good bedding it was good for me to haue caried things necessary to this purpose and aboue all to keepe himselfe neat I would like well the vse of Stooues such as they haue in Germany by meanes whereof they feele no Winter being at home but as much as they please Yea they haue of them in many places in their gardens which doe so temper the coldnesse of winter that in this rough and sharpe season there one may see Orenge-trees Limon-trees Figge-trees Pomgranet-trees and all such sorts of trees bring foorth fruit as good as in Prouence Which is so much the more easie to doe in this new land for that it is all couered ouer with woods except when one comes in the Armonchiquois countrie a hundred leagues further of then Port Royall And in making of winter a sommer one shall discouer the land Which not hauing any more those great obstacles that hinder the Sunne to court her and from warming it with his heat without doubt it will become very temperate and yeeld a most milde aire and well agreeing with our humour not hauing there euen at this time neither colde nor heat that is excessiue The Sauages that know not Germany nor the customes thereof doe teach vs the same lesson which being subiect to those sicknesse as we haue seene in the voiage of Iames Quartier vse sweatings often as it were euery moneth and by this meanes they preserue themselues driuing out by sweate all the colde and euell humors they might haue gathered But one singular preseruatiue against this perfidious sicknesse which commeth so stealingly and which hauing once lodged it selfe within vs will not be put out is to follow the counsell of him that is wise amonst the wise who hauing considered all the afflictions that man giue to himselfe during his life hath found nothing better then to reioice himselfe and doe good and to take pleasure in his owne workes They that haue done so in our company haue found themselues well by it contrawise some alwaies grudging repining neuer content idle haue beene found out by the same disease True it is that for to inioy mirth it is good to haue the sweetnesse of fresh meates fleshes fishes milke butter oyles fruits and such like which we had not at will I meane the common sort for alwaies some one or other of the company did furnish Monsieur De Poutrincourt his table with wilde foule venison or fresh fish And if we had had halfe a dosen kyne I beleeue that no body had died there It resteth a preseruatiue necessarie for the accomplishment of mirth and to the end one may take pleasure on the worke of his hands is euery one to haue the honest company of his lawfull wife for without that the cheare is neuer perfect ones minde is alwaies vpon that which one loues and desireth there is still some sorrow the bodie becomes full of ill humours and so the sicknesse doth breede And for the last and soueraigne remedie I send backe the patient to the tree of life for so one may well qualifie it which Iames Quartier doth call Anneda yet vnknowen in the coast of Port Royall vnlesse it bee peraduenture the Sasafras whereof there is quantitie in certaine places And it is an assured thing that the said tree is very excellent But Monsieur Champlain who is now in the great riuer of Canada passing his winter in the same part where the said Quartier did winter hath charge to finde it out and to make prouision thereof CHAP. VII The discouery of new Lands by Monsieur De Monts fabulous tales and reports of the riuer and fained towne of Norombega The refuting of the authors that haue written thereof Fish bankes in New found land Kinibeki Chouacoet Mallebarre Armouchiquois The death of a French man killed Mortality of Englishmen in Virginia THe rough season being passed Monsieur De Monts wearied with his badde dwelling at Saint Croix determined to seeke out another Port in a warrner countrie and more to the South And to that end made a Pinnesse to be armed and furnished with victuals to follow the coast and discouering new countries to seeke out some happier Port in a more temperate aire And because that in seeking one cannot set forward so much as when in full sailes one goeth in open sea and that finding out baies and gulfes lying betweene two lands one must put in because that there one may assoone finde that which is sought for as else where he made in this voyage but about six score leagues as wee will tell you now From Saint Croix to 60. leagues forward the coast lieth East and West at the end of which 60. leagues is the riuer called by the Sauages Kinibeki From which place to Malebarre it lieth North and South and there is yet from one to the other 60. leagues in right line not following the baies So farre stretcheth Monsieur De Monts his voyage wherein he had for Pilot in his vessell Monsieur De Champdore In all this coast so farre as Kinibeki there is many places where shippes may be harbored amongst the Ilands but the people there is not so frequent as is beyond that And there is no remarkable thing at least that may be seene in the outside of the lands but a riuer whereof many haue written fables one after another like to those that they who grounding themselues vpon Hannos his Commentaries a Carthaginian captain haue fained of Townes built by him in great number vpon the coasts of Africa which is watered with the Ocean sea for that hee plaied an heroycall part in sailing so farre as the Iles of Cap Vert where long time since no body hath beene the Nauigation not being so secure then vpon that great sea as it is at this day by the benefit of the Compasse Therefore without alleaging that which the first writers Spaniards and Portingals haue said I will recite that which is in the last booke intituled The vniuersall Historie of the West Indies Printed at Douay the last yeere 1607. in the place where he speaketh of Norombega For in reporting this
base that by the law Voconia the very father could not make them to inherite more then of the one third part of his goods And the Emperour Iustinian forbiddeth them in his decrees to accept the awardship which had beene deferred vnto them which sheweth either a great seueritie against them or an argument that in that countrie they haue a very weake spirit And after this sort be the wiues of our Sauages yea in woorse condition in not eating with the men in their Tabagies and notwithstanding it seemeth vnto mee that their fare is not in their feasts so delicate which ought not to consist only in eating and drinking but in the societie of that sex which God hath ordained vnto man for to helpe him and to keepe him companie It will seeme to many that our Sauages doe liue verie poorely in not hauing any seasoning in those few messes that I haue named But I will replie that it was not Caligula nor Heliogabalus nor such like that haue raised the Romane Empire to his greatnesse neither was it that Cooke who made an imperiall feast all with hogs flesh disguised in a thousand sorts nor those likerish companions who after they haue destroied the aire the sea and the land now knowing what to finde more to asswage their gluttonie goe a seeking wormes from the trees yea doe keepe them in mew and doe fatten them for to make thereof a delicate messe But rather it was one Curius Dentatus who did eat in woodden dishes and did scrape radishes by the fire side Item those good husbandmen whom the Senate did send for from the plough for to conduct the Romane armie And in one word those Romans which did liue with sodden food after the maner of our Sauages for they had not the vse of bread but about 600. yeres after the foundatiōof the city hauing learned in tract of time to make some cakes grossely dressed baked vnder the embres or in the ouen Pliny author of this report saith moreouer that the Scythians now Tartares doe also liue with sodden food and raw meale as the Brasilians And neuerthelesse they haue alwaies beene a warlike and mightie nation The same saith that the Arympheens which be the Moscouites doe liue in forests as our Sauages do with graines and fruits which they gather from the trees without mention neither of flesh nor of fish And indeed the prophane Authors doe agree that the first men did liue after that maner to wit of corne graines pulse acornes and mastes from whence commeth the Grerke worde Phagein to wit to eate some particular nations and not all had fruits as peares were in vse among the Argiues figges with the Athenians almonds with the Medes the fruite of Cannes with the Ethiopians the Cardamuin with the Persians the dates with the Babilonians the Treffle or three leaued grasse with the Egyptians They which haue had none of those fruits haue made war against the beasts of the woods and forests as the Getulians and all the Northern men yea also the ancient Germans notwithstanding they had also meates made of milke Others dwelling vpon the shores of the sea or lakes and riuers liued on fishes and were called Ichthyophages others liuing of Torteses were called Chelonophages Part of the Aethiopians doe liue of Grashoppers which they salt and harden in the smoake in great quantitie for all seasons and therein do the Historians of this day agree with Plinie For there is sometimes clouds of them that is to say such infinite numbers that they hide the clouds and in the East likewise which destroy all the fields so that nothing remaineth vnto them to eate but those grashoppers which was the food of Saint Iohn Baptist in the desart according to the opinion of Saint Hierome and Augustine Although Nicephorus thinketh that they were the tender leaues of the toppes of trees because that the Greeke word achrides signifieth both the one and the other But let vs come to the Romane Emperour best qualified Ammian Mercellin speaking of their maner of life saith that Scipio Aemiliar Metellus Traian and Adrian did content themselues ordinarily with the meate of the campe that is to say with Bacon cheese and bruvage If then our Sauages haue venison and fish abundantly I doe not thinke them ill furnished for many times we haue receaued of them quantitie of Sturgeons of Salmons and other fishes besides their venison and Beuers which liue in ponds and liue partly on the land partly in the water At least one laudable thing is knowen in them that they are not men eaters as the Scythians haue beene aforetime and many other nations of these parts of the world and as yet are at this day the Brasilians Canibals and others of the new world The inconuenience which is found in their maner of life is that they haue no bread Indeed bread is a food very naturall for man but it is easier to liue with flesh or with fish then with bread onely If they haue not the vse of salt the most parte of the world doe vse none It is not altogether necessary and the principall profit thereof consisteth in preseruing whereunto it is altogether proper Notwithstanding if they had any to make some prouisions they would be more happie then vs. But for want of that they sometimes suffer some need which hapneth when the winter is too milde or the latter end of the same For then they haue neither venison nor fish as wee will declare in the chapter of hunting and are then constrained to feed vpon the barkes of trees and on the parings of skinnes and on their dogges which vpon this extremitie they do eate And the historie of the Floridians saith thas in extremitie they eate a thousand filthes euen to the swallowing downe of coales and to put earth in their spoone meate True it is that in Port Royall there is alwaies shell fish so that in all cases one cannot die there for hunger But yet haue they one superstition that they will not feed on mussels and they can alleage no reason for it no more than our superstitious Christians which will not bee thirteene at a table or which feare to paire their nailes on the Friday or which haue other scrupulosities true apish-toies such as Plinie reciteth a good number of them in his naturall historie Notwithstanding in our company seeing vs to eate of them they did the like for we must say heere by the way that they will eate no vnknowen meat but first they must see the triall of it by others As for beasts of the woods they eate of all them the woolfe excepted They also eate egges which they go gathering along the shoares of waters and they doe lade their Ca●owes with them when the Geese and Outardes haue done laying in the Spring time and they vse all as well them that be old as new As for modestie they vse it