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A66701 The new help to discourse or, Wit, mirth, and jollity. intermixt with more serious matters consisting of pleasant astrological, astronomical, philosophical, grammatical, physical, chyrurgical, historical, moral, and poetical questions and answers. As also histories, poems, songs, epitaphs, epigrams, anagrams, acrosticks, riddles, jests, poesies, complements, &c. With several other varieties intermixt; together with The countrey-man's guide; containing directions for the true knowledge of several matters concerning astronomy and husbandry, in a more plain and easie method than any yet extant. By W. W. gent. Winstanley, William, 1628?-1698.; Winstanley, William, 1628?-1698. Country-man's guide. aut. 1680 (1680) Wing W3070; ESTC R222284 116,837 246

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enough Turn up O Tyrant great Assay whether roasted or raw Thou find'st the better meat Aug. 15. Is according to Tradition the day when the blessed Virgin Mary was both Soul and Body taken up into Heaven Sep. 8. Is in memory of her happy birth ●y whom the Author of all life and safety was born into the world 29 Sep. Michael or Michaelmas is in commemoration of St. Michael the Arch-Angel and of all the nine Orders of holy Angels And it is called the Dedication of St. Michael ●rom the dedicating of a Church in Rome to ●im by Pope Boniface 1 Nov. All Saints or All-hallows is celebrated in commemoration of all the Saints 2 Nov. All Souls is likewise commemora●ed for the Souls of all the faithful departed ●nd these two days All Saints and All Souls were of so eminent observance that no Courts were kept on those days in Westminster-hall The four Sundays of Advent are those pre●eding Christmas day and were instituted as a commemorative of our Saviours Advent or coming to redeem the world by his happy birth Christmas Day or the Nativity of our Saviour Christ is a most solemn Feast yearly celebrated even from the Apostles time to this day in memory of the birth of our Saviour at Bethlehem 28 Dec. Holy Innocents is a Feast in memory of those Babes which Herod slew when he sought for our blessed Saviour in which massacre it is said that a Child of Herods being at nurse was murthered amongst the rest which Augustus hearing of he said it was better to be Herods Hog than his Son because the Jews would eat no Swines flesh The several Feasts of the Apostles and other Saints were instituted by the Church to honour God in his Saints and for us to imitate their holy and godly examples St. Peter and St. Paul are joyned in one solemnity because they were principal and joynt co-operators under Christ in the conversion of the world the first converting the Jews the other the Gentiles as also because both were martyr'd at the same place Rome and on the same day 29 June The four Ember weeks in Latine quatuo●tempora are times of publick prayer of falting partly instituted for the successful ordination of the Priests and Ministers of the Church and partly to beg and render thank to God for the fruits and blessings of the earth Ember comes from the Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. e. dies a day others call them Ember day from the ancient custom of eating nothing on those days till night and then only a Cake baked under the Embers or Ashes which was called Panem subcineritium Ember bread Wakes or Countrey Feasts used always to be observed on the Sunday next after that Saints day to whom the Parish Church was dedicated and took its original from a Letter written by Gregory the Great to Melitus Abbot who was sent into England with Austin the Monk in these words It may therefore be permitted them meaning the English that on the Dedication days or other solemn days of Martyrs they make them Bowers about the Churches and refreshing themselves and feasting together after a good religious sort kill their Oxen now to the praise of God and increase of Charity which before they were wont to sacrifice to the Devil c. Bedes Eccl. Hist Chap. 30. And they were called Wakes because on those feasts the people were wont to awake from sleep at the several Vigils of the Night and go to prayer but that custom was long ago laid aside and the Feasting part also little or nothing regarded Besides these we have three other days by act of Parliament set apart for Religious holy Duties viz. the fifth of November when some bloody Papists intended to have blown up the Parliament-House with Gunpowder in the third year of the Reign of King James the second the 30 of January a day of humiliation for the execrable murther of King Charles the first And the third the 29 of May a day of thansgiving for the happy Restauration of King Charles the second Qu. What is the observation that is commonly made on St. Pauls day being the 25 of January An. If Saint Pauls day be fair and clear It doth betoken a happy year But if it chance to Snow or Rain Then shall be dear all kind of Grain And if that winds be aloft Then shall we hear of wars full oft And if it do thunder that day Great dearth shall be as wise men say Another Observation When our Lord doth lye in our Ladies Lap Then O England beware a clap Other short Observations for each Month in the year January If the Sun shine the twelfth of January there shall be store of wind that year February If it thunder upon Shrove-Tuesday it foretelleth wind store of fruit and plenty the Sun beams being early abroad and so much as he shineth on that day the like he will shine every day in Lent March So many Mists as there be in March so many hoar Frosts there will be after Easter April If it rain upon Ascension day which most cammonly falleth in April it doth betoke● scarcity of all kind of food for Cattel but being fair it signifieth plenty May. If the Sun shine upon the twenty fifth o● May wine shall prosper well also in the end of May if Oaks begin to bear Blossoms i● doth foreshew great store of Tallow and Frui● June If it rain the twenty fourth day of June Hazel-nuts will not prosper July If it be fair three Sundays before St. Jame's day Corn will be good but wet Corn will wither August If the wind change on St. Bartholemews day at night the following year will not be ●ood September So many dayes old the Moon is on Michaelmas day so many Floods will be that winter October If leaves now hang upon the Trees it portends a cold winter or many Catterpillers November If on the tenth of November the Heavens be cloudy it prognosticates a wet winter if clear and dry a sharp winter December If Christmas-day comes in the new of the Moon it is a token of a good year and so much the better by how much it is nearer the new Moon the contrary happeneth in the decrease Thus each month doth procure an observation Which may be made useful unto the Nation For if that we do things but rightly weigh We will believe what our Forefathers say Who by experience knew such things to be And so preserv'd them for posterity Qu. What is that they call the Golden Number Epact Circle of the Sun Dominical Letter c. An. The Golden Number is the Revolution of 19 years in which time all the Lunations or Aspects betwixt the Sun and Moon return to the same place they were in before and is so called either because it was sent in Golden Letters from Alexandria in Egypt to Rome or for that it is written in red or Golden Letters in the Kalendar The Epact is the number of 11
Dagobert the first build a Church in the place where he was buried for so it happened that this Dagobert during the life of Clotoyre the second his Father had cruelly slain Sadrasegille h●● Governor To avoid the fury of his Father much incensed with that Unprincely action he was compelled to wander up and down France hungry and thirsty In this miserable condition coming to the Sepulchre of S● Denis he laid him down and slept when there appeared to him an old man with a staff i● his hand who told him that his Father wa● dead and that he should be King and desired him that when it came so to pass he would build a Church there in the honour of St. Denis which Dagobert coming to be King accordingly did and a Bishop was sent for i● all haste to bless it But it hapned the night before the Bishops coming that there cam● to the Town an ugly Leper who desired to lie in the Church And when he was ther● about twelve a clock at night our Saviour came into the Church in white Garments and with him the Apostles Angels and Martyrs with most delicious Musick And then Christ blessed the Church and bid the Leper tel● the Bishop that the Church was already blessed and for a token of it he gave the Lep●● his health who on the next morning wa● found to be sound and perfectly whole The Legend of Saint Romain SAint Romain was Bishop of Roven i● France It happened that in his time there was a poysonous Dragon which had done much harm to all the country thereabouts many ways had been tryed to destroy him but none prospered at last Romain being then Bishop of the Town undertook to do it and accompanied onely with a Thief and a Murtherer he marched towards the place where the Dragon lay upon sight of the Dragon the Thief stole away but the Murderer went on and saw the Holy man vanquish the Serpent and onely with a Stole ● which is a neck habit sanctified by his Holiness of Rome and made much after the manner of a Tippet with this stole tyed about the neck of the Dragon doth the Murderer ●ead him prisoner to Roven the people much admiring at the same highly extolling the Bishop pardoned the Murderer and burned the Dragon to ashes In memory of this marvellous act King Dagobert the first who Reigned in France Anno 632 granted unto Andoin or Owen successor to St. Romain that from that time forwards the Chapitre of the Cathedral Church of Roven should every Ascension day have the faculty of delivering ●ny Malefactor whom the Laws had condemned This that King then granted and all the following Kings even to this time have successively confirmed it Of Saint Dunstan SAint Dunstan was Arch-bishop of Canterbury in the time of Etheldred the Saxon King he was according to the opinion of these times of great sanctity of life being ● sleep one day in the Church he dreamed some thing of the Devil whereupon he ran about pursuing him even to the top of the Church and came down again in his sleep without any hurt At another time the Devil came to tempt him in the likeness of a beautiful Damosel but St. Dunstan caught up a pair of tongs being red hot and therewith so pincht the Devil by the Nose a● quite spoiled his countenance and for ever taking Tobacco throw the nose again He also coming once into a Gentlemans house where were several Instruments hanging up against the Wall at his entrance in they of their own accord fell on playing It is reported of him that when he Christened King Ethelred the child with his ordure defiled the Fount whereupon Sr. Dunstan said By Gods Holy Mother this Child if he live will prove a sloathful person which accordingly came to Pass the Danes in his time over-running England This Saint Dunstan flourishing about the year of our Lord 978. Of Thomas Becket THomas Becket was the Son of one Gilbert Becket which Gilbert being taken prisoner among the Sarazens the Kings daughter of that countrey fell in love with him gained his liberty and came over into England where she was baptiz'd in the Church of S. Paul and married to this Gilbert who upon her begot this Thomas afterwards made Arch-bishop of Canterbury by King Henry th● second in which place he behaved himself very high as well against the King as against the Nobles nor was he it seems much beloved of the Commons for coming one day into Town in Kent the people cut off his Horse tail whereupon the Children of that Count for a long time after as the Legend reports were born with long tails like Horses he was at last slain in his Cathedral Church of Canterbury by four Knights and after his death by the Pope Canonized for aSaint Many miracles are said to be by him performed as namely how a fellow for stealing a Whetstone was deprived of his eyes but praying to St. Thomas he had his sight again restored nay a Bird flying out of a Cage and being pursued by a Hawk and ready to be seized on the Bird crying out only Saint Thomas help me the Hawk immediately fell down dead and the Bird escaped His Tomb was afterwards much enriched with costly gifts and visited by Pilgrims from all places according to what we find in Chaucer From every Shires end Of England do they wend The Holy blissful Martyrs Tomb to seek Who hath them holpen wherein they beseke JESTS A new way to know the Father of a Child A Wench that lived in a Knights service was gotten with child and brought to bed of a goodly Boy before it was publickly known in the house after her uprising being examined before a Justice of the Peace to know who was the Father of the child she said she could not tell well her self for there was two of the Knights servants that had to do with her about the same time whereof one was a Welsh man the other an English man one of them she said was the father but which of the two she was not certain This doubtful case put the Justice in a great quandary upon which of them to lay the charge of bringing up the child but the Clerk said he would soon decide the controversie whose the child was and thereupon went into the Kitchen and toasted a bit of Cheese and then brought it and offer'd it the child putting it to his mouth which made the Child to cry refusing it as much as it could Whereupon the Clerk said upon my life the Welshman is not the father of it for if he were it would have eaten toasted cheese at a day old The King of Swedens Goose THe King of Swethland coming to a town of his enemies with a very little company they to slight his force did hang out a Goose for him to shoot at but perceiving before night that these few soldiers had invaded and set their chiefest Holds on fire they demanded