controversy_n commence_v therein_o 22._o it_o be_v the_o constant_a opinion_n of_o the_o writer_n of_o ecclesiastical_a history_n that_o the_o apostle_n never_o impose_v any_o law_n oblige_v the_o church_n to_o the_o observance_n of_o any_o feast_n whatsoever_o no_o not_o so_o much_o as_o that_o of_o easter_n but_o that_o such_o solemnity_n be_v voluntary_o introduce_v by_o christian_n and_o authorize_v by_o custom_n and_o in_o effect_n the_o very_a diversity_n of_o usage_n find_v among_o they_o in_o that_o observance_n do_v abundant_o manifest_v the_o indifferency_n of_o the_o thing_n itself_o for_o all_o the_o church_n of_o asia_n the_o less_o do_v celebrate_v the_o feast_n of_o easter_n upon_o the_o fourteen_o day_n of_o the_o month_n of_o march_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o jew_n allege_v that_o this_o be_v their_o constant_a practice_n ever_o since_o saint_n john_n do_v exercise_v his_o apostleship_n in_o ephesus_n but_o the_o european_a christian_n in_o regard_n they_o will_v have_v no_o manner_n of_o communion_n with_o the_o jew_n do_v celebrate_v the_o same_o upon_o the_o sabbath_n follow_v howbeit_o thiâ—_n difference_n do_v nothing_o infringe_v the_o union_n of_o the_o church_n but_o about_o the_o year_n 195â—_n it_o begin_v to_o be_v controvert_v the_o one_o party_n labour_v to_o reduce_v the_o other_o to_o thâ—_n term_n of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o customeâ—_n touch_v which_o difference_n several_a council_n be_v hold_v the_o eastern_a in_o opposition_n to_o the_o western_a and_o both_o in_o fine_a foment_v tâ—_n that_o excess_n of_o heat_n &_o passion_n as_o that_o victor_n bishop_n of_o rome_n make_v bold_a by_o a_o process_n and_o act_n of_o jurisdiction_n till_o then_o unhearâ—_n of_o to_o excommunicate_v all_o the_o asiatic_a church_n whereupon_o he_o be_v censureâ—_n by_o sundry_a bishop_n ireneus_fw-la superintendent_n in_o the_o french_a church_n by_o name_n who_o do_v both_o by_o reason_n and_o example_n remonstrate_v to_o he_o that_o such_o observance_n be_v thing_n arbitrary_a and_o indifferent_a and_o that_o diversity_n therein_o do_v never_o heretofore_o interrupt_v mutual_a correspondence_n among_o the_o church_n anno_fw-la 200._o etc._n etc._n the_o age_n ensue_v be_v very_o fruitful_a in_o ceremony_n for_o beside_o that_o they_o retain_v many_o thing_n proceed_v from_o jewish_a custom_n the_o pagan_n also_o incorporate_n themselves_o into_o the_o christian_a church_n intermingle_v therewith_o many_o and_o various_a pagan_a rite_n now_o the_o observance_n of_o that_o time_n be_v not_o all_o continue_a for_o many_o of_o they_o have_v be_v afterward_o bury_v in_o oblivion_n be_v not_o at_o all_o practise_v at_o this_o day_n 3._o for_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n do_v not_o approve_v that_o the_o eucharist_n be_v administer_v to_o little_a child_n which_o be_v practise_v then_o and_o a_o long_a time_n after_o that_o nor_o that_o it_o be_v celebrate_v in_o the_o evening_n nor_o that_o the_o baptise_a be_v make_v to_o taste_v of_o milk_n and_o honey_n militis_fw-la as_o be_v practise_v in_o africa_n nor_o of_o the_o cannon_n forbid_v people_n to_o pray_v kneel_v upon_o the_o sabbath_n day_n and_o from_o easter_n to_o whitsuntide_n ib_o and_o command_v they_o to_o pray_v stand_v whence_o the_o term_n station_n have_v its_o rise_n nor_o the_o custom_n of_o give_v the_o eucharist_n to_o woman_n to_o be_v by_o they_o carry_v to_o their_o house_n keep_v in_o coffer_n and_o eat_v in_o a_o corner_n nor_o that_o of_o send_v it_o to_o the_o sick_a by_o the_o hand_n of_o child_n nor_o of_o that_o notorious_a abuse_n which_o be_v then_o in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n of_o propine_v pure_a water_n instead_o of_o wine_n under_o pretence_n of_o sobriety_n in_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n nor_o yet_o of_o that_o prayer_n whereby_o they_o beseech_v god_n for_o a_o proorastination_n of_o the_o last_o day_n nor_o of_o many_o other_o ceremony_n which_o we_o pass_v with_o silence_n let_v we_o then_o take_v a_o view_n of_o such_o as_o serve_v for_o modern_a pretence_n and_o the_o respective_a source_n whence_o they_o be_v spring_v it_o be_v a_o pagan_a custom_n that_o those_o who_o come_v out_o of_o bath_n the_o use_n whereof_o be_v very_o frequent_a do_v anoint_v themselves_o with_o oil_n wrestler_n also_o and_o such_o as_o be_v to_o run_v a_o career_n that_o they_o may_v become_v the_o more_o supple_a and_o active_a be_v accustom_v to_o oil_n and_o anoint_v their_o body_n christian_n possible_o in_o imitation_n hereof_o anoint_v those_o who_o they_o baptise_a in_o a_o athletic_n or_o championlike_o capacity_n who_o be_v single_v out_o to_o combat_v the_o world_n which_o ceremony_n they_o authorize_v by_o the_o old_a testament_n allege_v that_o it_o be_v derive_v from_o judaisme_n this_o unction_n however_o can_v make_v nothing_o for_o the_o pretend_a sacrament_n of_o confirmation_n nor_o be_v it_o ever_o apply_v to_o die_a person_n as_o be_v practise_v at_o this_o day_n we_o have_v see_v how_o that_o they_o carry_v their_o offering_n into_o the_o church_n now_o for_o as_o much_o as_o they_o hold_v their_o assembly_n upon_o the_o day_n solemnize_v for_o the_o martyr_n the_o offering_n present_v by_o they_o upon_o those_o day_n cypr_fw-la be_v entitle_v sacrifice_n or_o oblation_n offer_v in_o memory_n of_o the_o saint_n the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o day_n occasion_v that_o title_n for_o nothing_o pass_v in_o that_o action_n relate_v â—o_o the_o saint_n other_o than_o simple_a commemoration_n and_o those_o offering_n be_v not_o the_o body_n of_o jesus_n christ_n but_o bread_n and_o wine_n only_o or_o the_o very_a first_o fruit_n themselves_o employ_v unto_o several_a end_n and_o use_n it_o be_v further_a remarkable_a 18._o that_o to_o induce_v every_o one_o to_o contribute_v something_o the_o name_n of_o those_o who_o offer_v and_o the_o offering_n itself_o be_v with_o a_o loud_a voice_n proclaim_v in_o the_o church_n which_o yet_o be_v by_o many_o disallow_v of_o even_o a_o long_a time_n after_o at_o the_o same_o time_n offering_n for_o the_o dead_a have_v their_o rise_n 16._o whereof_o we_o must_v know_v the_o institution_n for_o though_o they_o may_v be_v reckon_v among_o the_o custom_n usher_v in_o by_o pagan_n nevertheless_o the_o intent_n of_o they_o be_v quite_o another_o thing_n than_o what_o they_o be_v afterward_o apply_v to_o any_o one_o then_o have_v depart_v this_o life_n 6._o the_o year_n full_o exspire_v they_o commemorate_a in_o the_o assembly_n the_o name_n of_o the_o defunct_a upon_o that_o day_n declare_v how_o happy_a he_o be_v have_v die_v in_o faith_n and_o all_o that_o be_v present_a beseech_v god_n that_o he_o will_v grant_v they_o the_o like_a exit_z which_o do_v the_o parent_n or_o friend_n of_o the_o decease_a that_o they_o may_v render_v his_o memory_n honourable_a present_v the_o church_n or_o the_o poor_a present_a at_o the_o action_n with_o a_o certain_a quantity_n of_o bread_n or_o other_o alimental_n many_o of_o they_o also_o at_o the_o same_o time_n take_v order_n that_o their_o name_n may_v after_o their_o death_n through_o such_o act_n of_o charity_n continue_v in_o a_o sweet_a savour_n in_o the_o church_n bequeath_v to_o that_o effect_n certain_a testamentary_a legacy_n to_o be_v yearly_o pay_v to_o the_o legatee_n upon_o the_o day_n of_o their_o decease_n upon_o which_o foundation_n the_o anniverssary_n be_v ground_v now_o those_o offering_n be_v only_a memorial_n of_o the_o devotion_n of_o the_o dead_a not_o expiatory_a sacrifice_n for_o the_o very_a woman_n who_o be_v never_o permit_v to_o sacrifice_n do_v yet_o offer_v in_o memory_n of_o their_o decease_a husband_n beside_o many_o present_v such_o offering_n upon_o their_o birthday_n this_o be_v a_o act_n of_o recognition_n only_o and_o a_o piece_n of_o homage_n pay_v to_o god_n who_o give_v they_o life_n upon_o that_o day_n then_o also_o begin_v pray_v for_o the_o dead_a militis_fw-la which_o the_o christian_n of_o that_o age_n confess_v to_o be_v found_v upon_o custom_n and_o not_o upon_o scripture_n rank_v it_o among_o many_o other_o observance_n which_o be_v at_o this_o day_n disallow_v of_o by_o the_o church_n of_o romeâ—_n now_o we_o must_v careful_o remark_n in_o what_o sense_n antiquity_n pray_v for_o the_o dead_a for_o she_o never_o believe_v that_o they_o be_v shut_v up_o in_o place_n of_o torment_n 55._o and_o the_o doctrine_n of_o purgatory_n be_v as_o yet_o as_o unknown_a as_o fabulous_a but_o she_o hold_v that_o the_o depart_a soul_n of_o the_o faithful_a be_v not_o admit_v into_o the_o joy_n of_o the_o beatific_a vision_n till_o after_o the_o day_n of_o judgement_n and_o that_o they_o be_v reserve_v in_o some_o certain_a subterraneous_a place_n till_o the_o day_n of_o the_o resurrection_n she_o pray_v then_o for_o the_o consummation_n of_o their_o glory_n and_o earnest_o entreat_v that_o she_o may_v be_v join_v with_o they_o and_o have_v part_n in_o
gregory_n i._o bishop_n of_o rome_n who_o not_o only_o approve_v of_o former_a innovation_n but_o superadd_v new_a one_o they_o substitute_v saint_n in_o the_o room_n of_o god_n to_o who_o they_o dedicate_v church_n festival_n and_o sacrifice_a priest_n private_a superstition_n be_v advance_v even_o to_o a_o invoke_v of_o they_o which_o invocation_n be_v now_o become_v public_a in_o the_o latin_a church_n for_o gregory_n enter_v the_o virgin_n mary_n into_o the_o litany_n and_o in_o process_n of_o time_n they_o acquire_v the_o same_o honour_n to_o all_o the_o saint_n whereas_o former_o there_o be_v only_o plain_a picture_n in_o church_n they_o now_o erect_v statue_n therein_o not_o those_o of_o saint_n only_o but_o likewise_o those_o of_o emperor_n howbeit_o they_o do_v not_o as_o yet_o allot_v thereunto_o any_o kind_n of_o worship_n the_o opinion_n of_o purgatory_n heretofore_o conceive_v by_o a_o few_o begin_v now_o to_o be_v confirm_v howbeit_o their_o belief_n be_v as_o yet_o far_o different_a from_o the_o modern_a in_o the_o thing_n for_o they_o hold_v that_o depart_v soul_n do_v divers_a way_n expiate_v their_o own_o sin_n by_o bath_n ice_n sink_n hang_v in_o the_o air_n etc._n etc._n so_o doubtful_a hitherto_o be_v both_o the_o place_n and_o pain_n of_o purgatory_n nor_o have_v this_o doctrine_n any_o other_o foundation_n than_o the_o prejudices_fw-la of_o pagan_n the_o pretend_a apparition_n of_o spirit_n and_o vulgar_a credulity_n those_o persuasion_n nevertheless_o travel_v with_o friendship_n to_o antiquate_a ceremony_n who_o scope_n be_v the_o solace_v of_o the_o dead_a they_o believe_v also_o that_o the_o eucharist_n may_v be_v beneficial_a to_o they_o and_o therefore_o make_v it_o subservient_fw-fr to_o this_o superstition_n turn_v a_o sacrament_n for_o the_o live_n into_o a_o sacrifice_n for_o the_o dead_a thus_o also_o whereas_o the_o offering_n for_o the_o dead_a be_v no_o other_o than_o alm_n bestow_v in_o memory_n of_o their_o piety_n they_o now_o receive_v the_o term_n of_o oblation_n into_o the_o very_a sacrament_n itself_o and_o that_o in_o expiation_n of_o their_o sin_n now_o proportionable_o to_o the_o introduction_n of_o new_a doctrine_n or_o new_a ceremony_n be_v the_o form_n of_o divine_a worship_n always_o chop_v and_o change_v as_o well_o in_o the_o eucharist_n as_o in_o public_a prayer_n liturgy_n be_v always_o different_a not_o only_o in_o several_a province_n but_o even_o frequent_o in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o witness_n among_o the_o greek_n those_o which_o be_v ascribe_v to_o st._n dionysius_n basile_n chrysostome_n and_o among_o the_o latin_n those_o attribute_v to_o st._n ambrose_n augustine_n and_o isidore_n yet_o notwithstanding_o as_o they_o be_v conformable_a to_o one_o another_o in_o substance_n so_o likewise_o they_o have_v many_o thing_n common_a in_o point_n of_o form_n now_o gregory_n undertake_v to_o redress_n and_o new-model_n all_o church-form_n alter_v and_o add_v many_o passage_n and_o out_o of_o this_o same_o medley_n compose_v the_o office_n of_o the_o mass_n after_o the_o same_o form_n well-nigh_o wherein_o it_o be_v to_o be_v see_v at_o this_o day_n borrow_v the_o same_o from_o hebrew_n and_o greek_a clause_n as_o kyrie_fw-la eleison_fw-la from_o the_o greek_n and_o haleluia_o from_o the_o church_n of_o jerusalem_n we_o must_v note_v moreover_o that_o the_o ancient_a church_n receive_v the_o offering_n present_v by_o the_o people_n beseech_v god_n that_o those_o fruit_n of_o charity_n may_v become_v acceptable_a to_o he_o to_o which_o purpose_n they_o pronounce_v these_o orison_n we_o pray_v thou_o to_o accept_v of_o and_o bless_v these_o gift_n these_o present_n these_o holy_a sacrifice_n etc._n etc._n vouchsafe_v to_o regard_v they_o with_o a_o serene_a and_o propitious_a aspect_n and_o to_o accept_v of_o they_o as_o thou_o didâ—_n of_o the_o offering_n of_o thy_o righteous_a child_n abel_n etc._n etc._n command_v that_o they_o be_v convey_v to_o thy_o holy_a altar_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o thou_o angel_n those_o orison_n be_v retain_v in_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o mass_n but_o alienate_v to_o quite_o another_o intent_n for_o whereas_o they_o be_v former_o rehearse_v over_o the_o eleemosynary_a present_n of_o the_o faithful_a they_o be_v now_o pronounce_v over_o the_o body_n of_o jesus_n christ_n by_o a_o absurdity_n full_a of_o sacrilege_n inasmuch_o as_o they_o do_v in_o express_a term_n pray_v for_o jesus_n christ_n parallel_v he_o with_o the_o sacrifice_n offer_v by_o the_o patriarch_n of_o old_a then_o be_v the_o gregorian_a hymn_n receive_v into_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o mass_n till_o the_o year_n 368._o there_o be_v not_o yet_o any_o sing_v use_v in_o the_o roman_a church_n damasus_n bishop_n of_o rome_n about_o the_o same_o time_n write_v to_o st._n jerome_n that_o he_o will_v send_v he_o the_o greek_a psalter_n because_o say_v he_o we_o be_v so_o studious_a of_o simplicity_n that_o upon_o the_o very_a sabbath-day_n there_o be_v only_o read_v one_o of_o the_o epistle_n of_o the_o apostle_n and_o one_o of_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o gospel_n and_o the_o beauty_n of_o psalm_n do_v not_o appear_v in_o our_o mouth_n now_o the_o psalm_n be_v wont_n at_o first_o to_o be_v sing_v whole_a and_o entire_a by_o all_o the_o people_n in_o one_o uniform_a and_o continue_a song_n but_o afterward_o by_o way_n of_o diapsalm_n or_o pause_n and_o intermission_n final_o towards_o the_o year_n 418._o celestine_n i._o appoint_v they_o to_o be_v sing_v by_o way_n of_o antiphony_n or_o anthem_n that_o be_v to_o say_v interchangeable_o â—y_a versicles_n wherein_o the_o clergy_n and_o the_o people_n do_v by_o turn_n answer_v one_o another_o after_o that_o they_o distinguish_v herein_o the_o â—ntroites_n sing_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o â—ervice_n the_o gradual_a when_o the_o deacon_n â—â—scended_v the_o pulpit-step_n in_o order_n to_o the_o â—ecture_n and_o the_o offertory_n whilst_o the_o people_n present_v their_o offering_n gregoryâ—hen_o â—hen_z compose_v a_o antiphonairy_n a_o book_n â—f_a anthem_n for_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o the_o â—ear_n and_o versicles_n and_o responsal_n for_o every_o day_n thereof_o he_o likewise_o constitute_v a_o college_n or_o choir_n of_o singing-man_n to_o â—ing_v the_o office_n and_o as_o if_o he_o have_v project_v the_o reduction_n of_o judaisme_n 14._o he_o borrow_v divers_a ceremony_n therefrom_o for_o he_o it_o be_v that_o â—egan_v to_o introduce_v unction_n into_o the_o priestly_a order_n and_o pontifical_a habit_n in_o imitation_n of_o the_o priest_n and_o levite_n we_o â—ust_z note_n by_o the_o way_n whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o monk_n be_v otherwise_o apparel_v than_o the_o common_a people_n in_o time_n past_o their_o apparel_n be_v not_o in_o the_o least_o distinguish_v from_o that_o of_o other_o save_v in_o â—he_n simplicity_n and_o plainness_n thereof_o but_o afterward_o like_a as_o habit_n among_o man_n continue_v not_o long_o in_o one_o fashion_n they_o be_v alter_v among_o secular_o but_o be_v always_o retain_v in_o the_o same_o fashion_n among_o the_o monk_n and_o from_o hence_o arise_v the_o distinction_n of_o the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o and_o indeed_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o monk_n of_o st._n benedict_n which_o be_v the_o most_o ancient_a rome_n be_v nothing_o else_o then_o that_o latus_fw-la clavus_fw-la which_o be_v of_o old_a wear_v by_o the_o roman_n lest_o therefore_o they_o shall_v make_v way_n to_o a_o innovation_n in_o point_n of_o habit_n they_o ever_o affect_v to_o confine_v themselves_o to_o the_o ancient_a form_n which_o yet_o by_o little_a and_o little_o they_o prevaricate_v from_o and_o decline_v howbeit_o this_o fashion_n of_o vesture_n be_v always_o appropriate_v to_o they_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o at_o length_n they_o attribute_v a_o kind_n of_o sanctity_n to_o it_o the_o same_o likewise_o befall_v ecclesiastic_n but_o gregory_n in_o pursuit_n of_o a_o universal_a change_n impose_v upon_o they_o new_a fashion_a habit_n conformable_a to_o the_o pattern_n of_o those_o which_o be_v specify_v in_o the_o ceremonial_a law_n he_o likewise_o ordain_v the_o use_n of_o perfume_n and_o the_o relic_n of_o saint_n at_o the_o consecration_n of_o church_n as_o also_o a_o space_n for_o the_o reception_n of_o the_o taper_n and_o afterward_o sabinian_n his_o successor_n order_v that_o the_o lamp_n shall_v continue_v in_o church_n perpetual_o burn_v whereas_o antiquity_n never_o light_v they_o but_o in_o the_o night_n time_n to_o give_v light_n to_o the_o assembly_n now_o gregory_n hâ—â—ing_v found_v a_o new_a form_n of_o divine_a service_n cause_v the_o same_o to_o be_v receive_v throughout_o all_o the_o western_a church_n in_o token_n of_o subjection_n this_o design_n which_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n in_o divers_a place_n produce_v such_o a_o confusion_n as_o remain_v incomposed_a to_o this_o very_a day_n the_o latin_a tongue_n be_v general_o know_v throughout_o europe_n the_o roman_a empire_n have_v spread_v it_o over_o
rest_n of_o they_o who_o god_n miraculous_o preserve_v till_o this_o present_a time_n in_o some_o part_n of_o provence_n and_o divers_a valley_n of_o piedmont_n be_v join_v to_o our_o church_n from_o the_o very_a beginning_n of_o the_o reformation_n they_o disown_v as_o they_o do_v at_o this_o day_n papal_a authority_n transubstantiation_n purgatory_n the_o invocation_n of_o saint_n image_n merit_n monastic_a vow_n and_o all_o other_o opinion_n which_o be_v in_o like_a manner_n reject_v by_o the_o reform_a church_n of_o those_o time_n they_o embrace_v for_o their_o only_a rule_n both_o of_o faith_n and_o practice_n the_o old_a and_o new_a testament_n their_o course_n of_o life_n also_o be_v simple_a and_o unblamable_a by_o the_o very_a relation_n of_o claudius_n de_fw-fr seissel_n bishop_n of_o marseilles_n who_o in_o a_o book_n write_v against_o they_o howbeit_o he_o term_v they_o mislead_v in_o matter_n of_o doctrine_n holagarny_n yet_o nevertheless_o acknowledge_v that_o as_o touch_v life_n and_o manner_n they_o be_v without_o reproach_n among_o man_n give_v themselves_o with_o all_o their_o might_n unto_o the_o observance_n of_o the_o commandment_n of_o god_n and_o many_o other_o sober_a writer_n howbeit_o their_o adversary_n also_o have_v yet_o likewise_o acquit_v they_o though_o not_o from_o all_o yet_o at_o least_o from_o the_o more_o heinous_a accusation_n among_o who_o be_v the_o monk_n of_o the_o valley_n sernay_n and_o james_n of_o riberia_n who_o live_v in_o the_o time_n wherein_o the_o count_n de_fw-fr montfort_n foment_v so_o cruel_a a_o war_n against_o they_o namely_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o 13_o century_n so_o that_o we_o may_v easy_o gather_v that_o as_o have_v be_v say_v all_o the_o grudge_n they_o bear_v they_o &_o all_o the_o horrid_a accusation_n which_o they_o devise_v on_o purpose_n to_o brand_v they_o and_o make_v they_o odious_a all_o those_o proceed_v from_o no_o other_o cause_n than_o that_o they_o withstand_v the_o pope_n and_o his_o innovation_n and_o for_o their_o animate_v the_o people_n against_o they_o hence_o also_o it_o be_v that_o the_o pope_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v quite_o exterminate_v they_o publish_v divers_a croisades_n therein_o after_o the_o year_n 1208_o till_o the_o year_n 1243_o during_o which_o time_n terrible_a massacre_n be_v commit_v there_o be_v by_o the_o relation_n of_o some_o historian_n above_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o cut_v off_o yet_o notwithstanding_o we_o can_v think_v that_o any_o man_n of_o reason_n will_v once_o imagine_v that_o if_o their_o colour_n have_v be_v as_o black_a as_o those_o wherein_o rome_n and_o the_o monk_n do_v paint_v they_o alphonsus_n king_n of_o arragon_n raymond_n count_n of_o tholouse_n 27_o the_o prince_n de_fw-fr bearn_n the_o count_n de_fw-fr foix_n bigorre_n st._n gilles_n come_n carmain_n villemur_n viscount_n the_o bezier_n and_o carcassonne_n and_o many_o other_o baron_n and_o person_n of_o honour_n will_v ever_o have_v uphold_v and_o protect_v they_o especial_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n and_o the_o viscount_n de_fw-fr bezier_n who_o be_v of_o a_o contrary_a religion_n nor_o that_o any_o other_o will_v ever_o have_v embrace_v their_o faith_n thereby_o become_v the_o object_n of_o public_a hatred_n and_o expose_v themselves_o to_o exile_n and_o misery_n add_v moreover_o perrin_n that_o the_o legate_n of_o pope_n innocent_a iii_o attend_v with_o many_o abbot_n and_o doctor_n of_o the_o romish_a communion_n be_v assemble_v to_o hold_v a_o conference_n with_o some_o of_o the_o pastor_n of_o the_o poor_a waldenses_n and_o albigenses_n the_o only_a thing_n propound_v at_o that_o conference_n upon_o the_o part_n of_o the_o say_a pastor_n be_v these_o three_o ensue_a position_n 1._o that_o the_o mass_n with_o transubstantiation_n be_v a_o mere_a humane_a invention_n 2._o that_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n be_v no_o church_n of_o christ_n but_o a_o church_n of_o confusion_n drunken_a with_o the_o blood_n of_o martyr_n 3._o that_o the_o policy_n of_o the_o romish_a church_n be_v nor_o good_a nor_o holy_a nor_o over_o establish_v by_o jesus_n christ._n from_o whence_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o therein_o lie_v the_o very_a crise_n and_o sum_n of_o the_o controversy_n and_o the_o chief_a controvert_v point_n of_o their_o belief_n which_o in_o the_o year_n 1281_o as_o appear_v by_o a_o extract_n of_o the_o municipal_a privilege_n of_o realmont_n in_o albigeoise_n be_v still_o profess_v by_o a_o great_a number_n of_o person_n throughout_o all_o those_o quarter_n and_o indeed_o this_o prove_v no_o unfruitful_a seminary_n be_v that_o not_o only_o the_o city_n of_o realmont_n but_o likewise_o the_o whole_a province_n of_o languedock_n and_o other_o adjacent_a place_n god_n have_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o last_o century_n cause_v his_o word_n as_o it_o be_v to_o regerminate_v and_o sprout_v afresh_o yield_v a_o more_o goodly_a and_o plentiful_a harvest_n than_o that_o of_o the_o other_o part_n of_o this_o kingdom_n anno_fw-la 1315._o now_o in_o this_o year_n appear_v that_o great_a person_n balaeus_n arnauldus_n de_fw-fr villa_n nova_fw-la doctor_n in_o medicine_n and_o chancellor_n of_o the_o university_n of_o montpellier_n well_o skilled_a in_o the_o latin_a greek_a and_o arabic_a tongue_n for_o his_o knowledge_n in_o the_o liberal_a science_n the_o very_a wonder_n of_o his_o age_n who_o in_o many_o excellent_a treatise_n by_o he_o compose_v do_v mighty_o inveigh_v against_o the_o error_n of_o the_o romish_a church_n he_o say_v that_o he_o perceive_v the_o very_a face_n of_o antichrist_n in_o the_o papacy_n and_o the_o order_n of_o monk_n that_o divine_n have_v wicked_o confound_v philosophical_a dream_n with_o sacred_a scripture_n that_o in_o the_o sacrifice_n so_o denominate_v from_o the_o altar_n the_o priest_n offer_v nought_o to_o god_n and_o that_o the_o mass_n do_v nothing_o avail_v either_o the_o quick_a or_o the_o dead_a that_o papal_a constitution_n be_v no_o other_o than_o humane_a tradition_n contain_v only_o the_o doctrine_n of_o humane_a work_n and_o he_o prove_v by_o the_o prophet_n daniel_n and_o many_o other_o authority_n that_o antichrist_n shall_v in_o the_o height_n of_o tyranny_n persecute_v the_o faithful_a for_o which_o opinion_n he_o be_v by_o the_o jacobin_n of_o tarascon_n judge_v a_o heretic_n and_o whilst_o the_o king_n of_o sicily_n be_v send_v he_o to_o the_o pope_n he_o die_v at_o genova_n james_n king_n of_o arragon_n in_o a_o epistle_n write_v to_o the_o same_o king_n of_o sicily_n his_o brother_n give_v he_o a_o very_a good_a testimony_n anno_fw-la 1371._o john_n wickliff_n doctor_n and_o professor_n of_o divinity_n in_o the_o university_n of_o oxford_n a_o person_n of_o a_o exemplary_a life_n and_o conversation_n be_v at_o this_o time_n a_o strenuous_a defender_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o gospel_n zealous_o withstand_v the_o corruption_n and_o superstition_n of_o popery_n he_o be_v protect_v as_o long_o as_o king_n edward_n iii_o live_v this_o prince_n as_o also_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n john_n duke_z of_o aquitany_n and_o of_o lancaster_n his_o brother_n the_o earl_n of_o salisbury_n the_o baron_n of_o cobham_n lewis_n clifford_n william_n nevil_n and_o john_n montaigue_n knight_n thomas_n latimer_n robert_n ridgly_n chancellor_n of_o the_o university_n of_o oxford_n and_o many_o other_o lord_n and_o person_n of_o the_o prime_a nobility_n and_o clergy_n of_o england_n adhere_v to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o say_v wickliff_n by_o the_o relation_n of_o thomas_n of_o walden_n and_o croxton_n in_o his_o chronicle_n who_o write_v against_o he_o but_o under_o the_o reign_n of_o richard_n two_o through_o the_o solicitation_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o monk_n he_o be_v banish_v afterward_o be_v recall_v from_o exile_n he_o die_v peaceable_o in_o the_o year_n 1386_o in_o the_o parish_n of_o luterworth_n where_o he_o have_v be_v pastor_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o rage_n and_o fury_n of_o the_o adversary_n do_v exasperate_v they_o unto_o a_o persecution_n of_o the_o faithful_a not_o only_o to_o death_n but_o even_o to_o the_o very_a grave_n the_o bone_n of_o this_o man_n of_o god_n be_v in_o the_o year_n 1451_o at_o the_o instigation_n of_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n dig_v up_o and_o public_o burn_v who_o ash_n be_v in_o their_o time_n a_o mystical_a seed_n anno_fw-la 1414._o john_n huss_n bachelor_n in_o divinity_n and_o jerome_n of_o prague_n doctor_n of_o the_o sorbonne_n person_n of_o great_a learning_n and_o no_o less_o integrity_n of_o life_n who_o have_v from_o the_o year_n 1400_o publish_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o gospel_n in_o bohemia_n have_v reap_v some_o first-fruit_n among_o the_o remnant_n of_o the_o waldenses_n in_o those_o country_n and_o among_o some_o other_o that_o have_v profess_v the_o doctrine_n of_o wickliff_n they_o do_v so_o laborious_o cultivate_v and_o improve_v the_o lord_n field_n as_o that_o they_o leave_v a_o abundant_a and_o excellent_a harvest_n behind_o they_o now_o forasmuch_o
itself_o to_o our_o soul_n in_o order_n to_o their_o warmth_n quicken_a and_o nourishment_n but_o that_o his_o sacred_a body_n must_v needs_o first_o redescend_v to_o we_o here_o below_o to_o be_v prostitute_v to_o a_o thousand_o indignity_n as_o will_v necessary_o follow_v upon_o that_o local_a and_o gross_a carnal_a presence_n which_o be_v teach_v and_o profess_v in_o the_o communion_n of_o rome_n we_o shall_v not_o stick_v to_o call_v the_o sacred_a ceremony_n of_o the_o lord_n supper_n a_o sacrifice_n but_o only_o a_o eucharistical_a or_o a_o gratulatory_a sacrifice_n there_o be_v none_o expiatory_a 27._o other_o than_o that_o which_o our_o lord_n jesus_n offer_v upon_o the_o cross_n as_o the_o apostle_n in_o the_o epistle_n to_o the_o hebrew_n prove_v we_o shall_v in_o like_a manner_n accord_n that_o none_o can_v ever_o eat_v of_o the_o supper_n of_o our_o lord_n with_o too_o much_o preparedness_n for_o fear_v of_o profane_v so_o sublime_a and_o dreadful_a a_o mystery_n to_o use_v the_o notion_n of_o the_o father_n forasmuch_o as_o those_o who_o approach_v unworthy_o and_o without_o a_o serious_a examination_n of_o their_o conscience_n that_o they_o may_v know_v whether_o they_o be_v furnish_v with_o faith_n repentance_n and_o charity_n which_o be_v qualification_n prerequire_v to_o the_o worthy_a participation_n of_o that_o holy_a communion_n do_v instead_o of_o receive_v the_o gauge_n of_o their_o salvation_n take_v and_o receive_v in_o st._n paul_n dialect_n their_o own_o condemnation_n in_o fine_a we_o shall_v make_v it_o yet_o further_o appear_v touch_v many_o other_o controvert_v point_n that_o we_o be_v not_o so_o odious_a or_o hateful_a as_o we_o be_v represent_v but_o it_o may_v suffice_v to_o have_v remark_v the_o more_o principal_a one_o from_o which_o one_o may_v judge_v whether_o there_o may_v be_v place_n for_o promise_v ourselves_o any_o reunion_n between_o those_o of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o we_o by_o hold_v of_o a_o council_n in_o the_o manner_n by_o we_o propound_v never_o doubt_v but_o that_o god_n will_v crown_v with_o his_o blessing_n the_o design_n of_o so_o august_n and_o venerable_n a_o assembly_n and_o that_o the_o bishop_n doctor_n and_o minister_n of_o christ_n constitute_v the_o same_o humble_v of_o themselves_o in_o the_o first_o place_n before_o the_o father_n of_o light_n from_o who_o come_v every_o good_a and_o perfect_a gift_n as_o also_o every_o one_o of_o we_o in_o like_a manner_n with_o repentance_n fast_v and_o tear_n thereby_o with_o fervency_n implore_v the_o assistance_n of_o his_o holy_a spirit_n he_o will_v infallible_o vouchsafe_v the_o same_o unto_o we_o and_o grant_v that_o the_o spirit_n of_o charity_n truth_n peace_n and_o concord_n may_v preside_v in_o a_o most_o singular_a manner_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o that_o reverend_n and_o pious_a council_n who_o member_n shall_v all_o of_o they_o be_v like_a unto_o the_o golden_a snuffer_n of_o the_o tabernacle_n 38_o eminent_a for_o purity_n and_o excellency_n of_o qualification_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v be_v the_o more_o effectual_o serviceable_a in_o their_o sacred_a use_n of_o rid_v away_o what_o be_v superfluous_a and_o that_o great_a thief_n antichrist_n which_o eclipse_v the_o light_n and_o brightness_n of_o the_o candle_n of_o truth_n that_o be_v a_o happy_a day_n indeed_o which_o yet_o to_o we_o be_v rather_o matter_n of_o wish_n and_o would_a than_o fix_a hope_n and_o expectation_n howbeit_o there_o be_v nothing_o impossible_a with_o god_n who_o have_v his_o own_o time_n and_o season_n and_o hold_v the_o heart_n of_o all_o king_n and_o people_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o his_o own_o hand_n 21._o now_o unto_o he_o that_o be_v able_a to_o do_v exceed_v abundant_o above_o all_o that_o we_o ask_v or_o think_v according_a to_o the_o power_n that_o work_v effectual_o in_o we_o unto_o he_o be_v glory_n in_o the_o church_n by_o christ_n jesus_n throughout_o all_o age_n world_n without_o end_n a_o summary_n of_o those_o ceremony_n who_o original_a be_v report_v in_o this_o history_n according_a to_o the_o respective_a order_n of_o time_n wherein_o they_o have_v their_o rise_n anno_fw-la 110_o etc._n etc._n the_o original_a of_o the_o custom_n of_o carry_v offering_n into_o the_o church_n why_o the_o eucharist_n be_v call_v a_o sacrifice_n the_o mixture_n of_o water_n with_o wine_n in_o the_o supper_n the_o custom_n of_o carry_v the_o eucharist_n to_o such_o as_o be_v not_o able_a to_o present_v themselves_o in_o the_o assembly_n the_o kiss_n of_o peace_n fast_v upon_o friday_n and_o the_o original_a of_o the_o quadragesimal_n time_n or_o lent_n anno_fw-la 160._o etc._n etc._n the_o rise_n of_o the_o custom_n of_o celebrate_v the_o memorial_n of_o saint_n the_o day_n of_o their_o nativity_n and_o of_o assemble_v in_o cemetetery_n of_o the_o confession_n and_o satisfaction_n use_v in_o the_o primitive_a church_n anno_fw-la 195._o of_o the_o controversy_n commence_v about_o the_o feast_n of_o easter-day_n the_o first_o juridical_a attempt_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n anno_fw-la 200._o etc._n etc._n novel_a ceremony_n not_o practise_v at_o this_o day_n unction_n receive_v into_o baptism_n the_o custom_n of_o offer_v in_o commemoration_n of_o saint_n the_o manner_n how_o offer_v for_o the_o dead_a take_v its_o beginning_n the_o original_n of_o pray_v for_o the_o dead_a the_o reason_n why_o christian_n first_o use_v the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross._n of_o the_o indulgence_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n how_o martyr_n intercede_v with_o the_o church_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o penitent_n anno_fw-la 240._o etc._n etc._n prelude_v to_o the_o intercession_n of_o saint_n why_o public_a confession_n be_v change_v into_o particular_a the_o rise_v of_o penitentiaries_n what_o the_o profession_n of_o virgin_n be_v whence_o the_o use_n of_o dip_v bread_n in_o the_o eucharist_n proceed_v anno_fw-la 300._o etc._n etc._n why_o the_o table_n be_v call_v a_o altar_n why_o they_o begin_v to_o transport_v the_o corpse_n of_o martyr_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o the_o dedication_n of_o temple_n the_o structure_n of_o the_o temple_n of_o the_o holy_a sepulchre_n why_o pilgrimage_n into_o the_o holy-land_n be_v undertake_v the_o invention_n of_o the_o cross._n the_o reason_n of_o erect_v and_o paint_v of_o cross_n whence_o the_o vigil_n of_o festival_n and_o the_o use_n of_o taper_n in_o the_o church_n proceed_v the_o original_n of_o a_o monastic_a life_n anuo_fw-la 320._o the_o manner_n how_o rule_n of_o abstinence_n and_o law_n touch_v fast_v enter_v the_o church_n anno_fw-la 321._o the_o first_o institution_n of_o patriarch_n a_o decree_n concern_v easter-feast_n controversy_n about_o and_o the_o commencement_n of_o celibacy_n anno_fw-la 350_o etc._n etc._n apostrophee_n direct_v to_o saint_n pilgrimage_n undertake_v to_o the_o sepulcher_n of_o martyr_n anno_fw-la 380._o the_o progress_n of_o prayer_n for_o the_o dead_a and_o in_o what_o sense_n they_o be_v conceive_v in_o what_o manner_n and_o quality_n image_n be_v receive_v into_o temple_n anno_fw-la 386._o the_o celibacy_n of_o ecclesiastical_a person_n ratify_v by_o decree_n anno_fw-la 400._o the_o rise_n of_o the_o vigil_n of_o the_o dead_a whence_o the_o use_n of_o chant_v and_o wax_v candle_n at_o burial_n proceed_v formality_n observe_v in_o the_o reception_n of_o penitent_n cross_n introduce_v into_o temple_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o church_n she_o proceedure_v towards_o demoniac_n the_o first_o conjecture_n about_o purgatory_n among_o christian_n anno_fw-la 450._o etc._n etc._n christian_n liberty_n oppress_v by_o reason_n of_o fast_n the_o institution_n of_o the_o fast_n of_o the_o four_o time_n and_o of_o the_o rogation_n vigil_n of_o saint_n convert_v into_o fast_n anno_fw-la 470._o etc._n etc._n the_o invocation_n of_o saint_n by_o who_o first_o of_o all_o introduce_v into_o the_o church_n anno_fw-la 490._o the_o attempt_n of_o some_o heretic_n affect_v to_o reject_v the_o cup_n in_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o eucharist_n anno_fw-la 500_o etc._n etc._n the_o original_n of_o worship_v of_o image_n among_o the_o vulgar_a anno_fw-la 528._o extreme_a unction_n by_o who_o institute_v anno_fw-la 535._o procession_n by_o who_o ordain_v anno_fw-la 536._o whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o altar_n be_v place_v in_o the_o east_n the_o institution_n of_o the_o feast_n of_o candlemass_n anno_fw-la 600._o etc._n etc._n the_o invocation_n of_o saint_n introduce_v into_o the_o latin_a church_n statue_n erect_v in_o temple_n the_o progress_n of_o the_o belief_n of_o purgatory_n the_o eucharist_n convert_v into_o a_o sacrifice_n for_o the_o dead_a the_o canon_n of_o the_o mass_n by_o who_o compose_v the_o mass-song_n the_o unction_n and_o original_a of_o priestly_a vestment_n perfume_n and_o the_o relic_n of_o saint_n in_o the_o consecration_n of_o temple_n taper_n light_v in_o broad-day-light_n the_o rise_n of_o the_o service_n in_o the_o latine-tongue_n anno_fw-la 605._o the_o manner_n how_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n
a_o history_n of_o ancient_a ceremony_n contain_v a_o account_n â—f_o their_o rise_n and_o growth_n their_o first_o entrance_n into_o the_o church_n and_o their_o gradual_a advancement_n to_o superstition_n therein_o write_a original_o in_o french_a but_o now_o for_o general_a information_n and_o benefit_n faithful_o translate_v into_o english_a the_o second_o impression_n correct_v the_o first_o be_v 1668._o mark_v 7._o v_o 7_o 8_o 9_o in_o vain_a do_v they_o worship_v i_o teach_v for_o doctrine_n the_o commandment_n of_o man_n for_o lay_v aside_o the_o commandment_n of_o god_n you_o hold_v the_o tradition_n of_o man_n etc._n etc._n he_o say_v likewise_o unto_o they_o full_a well_o do_v you_o frustrate_v the_o commandment_n of_o god_n that_o you_o may_v keep_v your_o own_o tradition_n london_n print_v in_o the_o year_n 1669._o the_o translator_n to_o the_o reader_n the_o degeneracy_n of_o the_o church_n christian_n reader_n from_o that_o faith_n which_o be_v by_o the_o apostle_n deliver_v to_o the_o saint_n by_o christ_n himself_o to_o the_o apostle_n and_o by_o god_n the_o father_n to_o christ_n be_v matter_n of_o sad_a and_o serious_a but_o seasonable_a speculation_n the_o primitive_a church_n be_v by_o reason_n of_o she_o more_o immediate_a conjunction_n with_o the_o sun_n of_o righteousness_n a_o burn_a and_o shine_a light_n but_o alas_o how_o be_v the_o noble_a vine_n become_v a_o degenerate_a plant_n yield_a instead_o of_o the_o cluster_n of_o canaan_n the_o wild_a grape_n of_o gomorrah_n what_o tare_n have_v there_o be_v sow_v in_o god_n enclosure_n what_o chaff_n mix_v with_o his_o wheat_n what_o store_n of_o wood_n hay_o and_o stubble_n in_o stead_n of_o gold_n silver_n and_o precious_a stone_n in_o his_o sanctuary_n how_o be_v christ_n body_n mystical_a become_v a_o ichabod_n this_o burn_a and_o shine_a light_n become_v successive_o ever_o after_o the_o first_o century_n and_o age_n of_o the_o church_n for_o the_o space_n of_o fourteen_o hundred_o year_n downward_o either_o 1._o decay_a and_o remit_v cool_v or_o cloud_v the_o light_n of_o truth_n eclipse_v with_o its_o common_a bushel_n ignorance_n the_o heat_n of_o zeal_n rebate_v into_o its_o ordinary_a quench-coal_n sinful_a neutrality_n and_o lukewarmness_n or_o 2._o divide_v and_o that_o with_o no_o less_o cruelty_n towards_o christ_n mystical_a body_n than_o be_v use_v towards_o the_o baptist_n natural_a one_o she_o frequent_o shine_v when_o she_o do_v not_o burn_v or_o else_o burn_v when_o she_o do_v not_o shine_v light_n and_o heat_n truth_n and_o zeal_n very_o rare_o concur_v both_o together_o at_o least_o in_o any_o eminent_a degree_n in_o her_o decline_a state_n so_o that_o either_o her_o faith_n be_v dead_a be_v without_o work_n the_o fruit_n of_o zeal_n or_o else_o her_o zeal_n blind_a be_v without_o knowledge_n one_o degree_n of_o faith_n she_o sampson-like_a lose_v both_o sight_n and_o life_n in_o the_o temple_n of_o idol_n or_o 3._o and_o last_o which_o be_v worst_a of_o all_o deprave_v light_n and_o truth_n with_o error_n and_o heresy_n heaâ—_n and_o zeal_n with_o the_o strange_a fire_n of_o idoâ—latry_n and_o superstition_n jewish-pagan_a rite_n and_o ceremony_n the_o true_a mark_n of_o the_o false_a church_n of_o rome_n many_a or_o most_o of_o which_o myself_o have_v be_v a_o eye-witness_n and_o spectator_n of_o abroad_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o gradual_o introduce_v into_o the_o church_n and_o vigorous_o propagate_v even_o to_o a_o universal_a corruption_n in_o matter_n both_o of_o doctrine_n and_o worship_n therein_o especial_o since_o the_o rise_v and_o during_o the_o reign_n of_o antichrist_n who_o have_v not_o fail_v to_o join_v the_o serpent_n with_o the_o dragon_n policy_n with_o cruelty_n for_o that_o end_n for_o which_o very_a reason_n our_o retreat_n and_o secession_n from_o that_o adulterous_a church_n shall_v be_v to_o speak_v with_o st._n jerome_n a_o thousand_o time_n the_o dear_a and_o more_o precious_a to_o we_o marcellan_n and_o may_v we_o in_o conformity_n to_o a_o high_a oracle_n never_o say_v a_o confederacy_n to_o her_o more_o except_o upon_o god_n own_o term_n of_o accommodation_n 19_o let_v she_o return_v unto_o thou_o but_o return_v not_o thou_o unto_o she_o till_o that_o bless_a day_n of_o power_n whereon_o the_o jealous_a god_n zealous_a for_o his_o truth_n and_o worship_n raise_v up_o and_o animate_v those_o famous_a champion-worthies_a luther_n and_o calvin_n with_o their_o fellow-reformer_n wisdom_n advocate_n as_o well_o as_o child_n unto_o a_o rescue_v of_o the_o truth_n hold_v so_o long_o in_o unrighteousness_n and_o a_o earnest_n contest_v for_o the_o abovenamed_a faith_n which_o be_v once_o deliver_v to_o the_o saint_n dictate_v by_o god_n own_o spirit_n record_v in_o his_o word_n and_o by_o a_o continue_a series_n &_o succession_n of_o his_o servant_n professor_n under_o both_o testament_n ever_o since_o the_o war_n be_v first_o commence_v between_o the_o two_o seed_n without_o interruption_n own_a and_o maintain_v profess_v preserve_v propagate_v and_o through_o his_o good_a providence_n truth_n be_v chief_a guardian_n happy_o transmit_v and_o convey_v to_o we_o at_o last_o god_n have_v never_o leave_v himself_o without_o a_o witness_n of_o his_o truth_n in_o the_o church_n more_o than_o of_o his_o power_n in_o the_o world_n which_o they_o polish_a and_o refine_a and_o for_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o lord_n be_v with_o they_o recover_v to_o a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o primitive_a light_n and_o lustre_n resolve_v all_o into_o original_a authority_n the_o law_n and_o the_o testimony_n howbeit_o our_o adversary_n of_o the_o romish_a church_n do_v ignorant_o or_o insolent_o charge_v the_o reform_a religion_n with_o enthusiastic_a novelty_n as_o be_v of_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o year_n date_n and_o of_o yesterday_o calculate_v its_o rise_n by_o its_o resurrection_n the_o sunrising_n by_o a_o sunshine_n as_o if_o its_o reformer_n be_v its_o author_n and_o they_o founder_n where_o they_o be_v only_a repairer_n whereas_o themselves_o do_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n like_o the_o gibeonite_n under_o colour_n of_o the_o rag_n and_o tatter_n of_o their_o superstitious_a ceremony_n and_o the_o dry_a and_o mouldy_a bread_n of_o their_o corrupt_a doctrine_n pretend_v to_o be_v come_v from_o far_o as_o if_o the_o ancient_n of_o day_n be_v the_o parent_n of_o their_o novel_a and_o spurious_a brat_n but_o we_o who_o have_v consult_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o eternal_a god_n have_v not_o so_o learned_a christ_n be_v inform_v and_o ascertain_v by_o the_o only_a infallible_a one_o that_o how_o specious_a &_o plausible_a to_o flesh_n and_o blood_n soever_o their_o religion_n be_v it_o be_v ever_o as_o i_o have_v observe_v full_a of_o carnal_a and_o meritricious_a allurement_n than_o of_o argument_n yet_o from_o the_o beginning_n it_o be_v not_o so_o now_o reader_n be_v that_o this_o ensue_a treatise_n dedicate_v under_o its_o first_o edition_n by_o its_o anonymus_fw-la but_o judicious_a and_o sober_a learned_a author_n to_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o of_o bless_a memory_n and_o under_o the_o last_o with_o addition_n by_o another_o very_a good_a hand_n to_z king_n charles_n the_o second_o our_o present_a sovereign_n comprehend_v a_o brief_a historical_a account_n of_o the_o whole_a more_o especial_o of_o the_o rise_n and_o growth_n of_o church-rite_n and_o ceremony_n their_o first_o introduction_n into_o the_o church_n and_o their_o gradual_a propagation_n and_o advancement_n to_o superstition_n in_o it_o of_o the_o witness_n of_o truth_n all_o along_o that_o dark_a and_o tedious_a interval_n of_o about_o fourteen_o hundred_o year_n under_o the_o great_a defection_n superstition_n and_o torrid_a zone_n of_o antichristian_a persecution_n namely_o father_n council_n confessor_n martyr_n and_o other_o pious_a zealot_n and_o votary_n valiant_a for_o the_o truth_n all_o which_o die_v in_o the_o faith_n and_o many_o of_o they_o for_o it_o the_o name_n and_o successful_a endeavour_n of_o the_o first_o reformer_n those_o tree_n of_o righteousness_n whereby_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sanctuary_n embitter_v with_o romish_a wormwood_n revel_v 8._o 11._o be_v sweeten_v and_o many_o other_o particular_n specify_v in_o the_o useful_a and_o fruitful_a preface_n prefix_v to_o the_o treatise_n from_o which_o i_o have_v only_o lop_v off_o what_o i_o judge_v to_o be_v more_o luxuriant_a and_o superfluous_a at_o the_o begin_n of_o it_o to_o which_o i_o refer_v thou_o so_o that_o what_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o write_n of_o father_n and_o other_o church-history_n as_o those_o of_o sozomen_n eusebius_n epiphanius_n the_o magdenburgian_n centuriator_n etc._n etc._n at_o large_a be_v here_o represent_v by_o way_n of_o short_a compend_n and_o breviary_n i_o therefore_o conceive_v the_o translation_n of_o the_o same_o into_o our_o vernacular_a tongue_n a_o thing_n more_o recreative_a than_o laborious_a to_o be_v well_o worthy_a of_o my_o more_o spare-hour_n and_o the_o perusal_n thereof_o
of_o thou_o have_v according_o effect_v the_o same_o not_o doubt_v but_o that_o this_o light_n manual_n may_v prove_v among_o we_o like_o the_o manna_n among_o the_o jew_n grateful_a to_o every_o palate_n but_o what_o be_v taint_v and_o forestalled_n with_o the_o babylonish_n cup_n yet_o for_o the_o better_a prevention_n of_o mistake_n and_o misapprehension_n which_o may_v happy_o arise_v from_o anything_o herein_o relate_v or_o assert_v let_v it_o suffice_v and_o remember_v that_o i_o be_o not_o author_n but_o translator_n only_o save_v in_o a_o few_o explicatory_a verbal_a addition_n either_o note_v with_o a_o asterism_n in_o the_o margin_n or_o else_o include_v within_o a_o parenthesis_n in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o treatise_n tho._n douglas_n the_o preface_n as_o touch_v the_o benefit_n dear_a reader_n which_o may_v accrue_v from_o what_o be_v present_v to_o thou_o in_o this_o treatise_n and_o the_o addition_n make_v thereunto_o by_o a_o person_n desirous_a of_o thy_o welfare_n if_o so_o be_v that_o god_n have_v vouchsafe_v thou_o deliverance_n from_o superstition_n and_o error_n by_o perusal_n hereof_o thou_o shall_v be_v confirm_v in_o the_o profession_n of_o the_o truth_n but_o in_o case_n thou_o be_v still_o envassal_v under_o the_o yoke_n of_o popery_n thou_o shall_v hereby_o be_v give_v to_o understand_v how_o far_o thou_o be_v enslave_v in_o that_o bondage_n thou_o shall_v see_v that_o the_o opiniative_a adherence_n of_o the_o jew_n to_o legal_a ordinance_n the_o invincible_a obstinacy_n of_o pagan_n in_o pursuit_n of_o their_o superstitious_a ceremony_n the_o vain-curious_a arrogancy_n of_o their_o philosopher_n who_o have_v affect_v at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o embrace_v christianity_n and_o to_o profound_a by_o humane_a reason_n the_o more_o sublime_a mystery_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o heaven_n and_o to_o discourse_v the_o same_o according_a to_o their_o own_o carnal_a sense_n and_o apprehension_n have_v be_v the_o person_n that_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o external_a pomp_n and_o of_o those_o many_o heresy_n which_o have_v molest_v and_o do_v still_o molest_v the_o church_n of_o god_n add_v hereunto_o that_o proportionable_o to_o the_o increase_n of_o ignorance_n and_o barbarism_n through_o the_o inundation_n of_o goth_n and_o vandal_n and_o i_o know_v not_o what_o other_o barbarous_a nation_n who_o quite_o destroy_v all_o good_a literature_n and_o the_o constitution_n of_o that_o savage_a people_n whole_o consist_v either_o of_o pagan_n or_o arrian_n there_o ensue_v hereupon_o a_o horrid_a medley_n in_o religion_n but_o which_o be_v yet_o matter_n of_o great_a wonder_n during_o the_o time_n that_o those_o barbarian_n make_v havoc_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o sack_v it_o in_o the_o west_n the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n to_o the_o end_n that_o he_o may_v proselyte_n and_o bring_v over_o to_o himself_o the_o former_a to_o wit_n the_o pagan_n permit_v they_o to_o intermingle_v many_o of_o their_o own_o superstion_n with_o christianity_n content_a that_o they_o shall_v only_o change_v the_o name_n of_o their_o false_a deity_n into_o those_o of_o the_o bless_a apostle_n or_o those_o of_o the_o martyr_n or_o confessor_n of_o the_o truth_n it_o be_v ever_o proper_a to_o error_n ready_o to_o entertain_v whatever_o have_v any_o resemblance_n or_o affinity_n with_o itself_o and_o forasmuch_o as_o that_o pagan_a people_n have_v a_o extreme_a veneration_n for_o their_o prelate_n this_o bishop_n who_o have_v already_o attain_v to_o a_o great_a sway_n partly_o because_o of_o the_o dignity_n of_o the_o city_n wherein_o he_o have_v his_o residence_n emperor_n as_o be_v esteem_v the_o head_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o partly_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o title_n of_o archbishop_n acquire_v in_o the_o time_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a that_o he_o may_v more_o firm_o keep_v the_o hold_n that_o he_o have_v get_v assume_v to_o himself_o not_o only_o the_o proud-swelling_a title_n of_o pope_n but_o likewise_o that_o nothing_o may_v be_v want_v to_o the_o accomplishment_n of_o prophetic_a prediction_n his_o habit_n of_o purple_a and_o scarlet_a and_o ornament_n of_o gold_n and_o pearl_n by_o the_o relation_n of_o cardinal_n baronius_n himself_o clovis_n the_o first_o christian_a king_n send_v a_o crown_n of_o gold_n to_o pope_n hormisda_n a_o 514._o and_o ever_o from_o that_o time_n forward_o their_o ambition_n become_v illimited_a the_o conjuncture_n of_o time_n the_o impotency_n and_o weakness_n of_o the_o western_a emperor_n and_o their_o own_o particular_a civil_a interest_n have_v great_o contribute_v to_o the_o erection_n of_o papal_a authority_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n do_v that_o parricide_n phocas_n who_o murder_v the_o emperor_n mauritius_n whereupon_o he_o usurp_v the_o empire_n so_o frank_o confer_v upon_o boniface_n iii_o the_o title_n of_o oecumenick_n or_o universal_a bishop_n to_o the_o end_n that_o he_o may_v maintain_v his_o authority_n in_o italy_n by_o recommendation_n of_o this_o same_o ecclesiastical_a power_n which_o be_v hold_v with_o the_o people_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o gross_a ignorance_n and_o superstition_n in_o marvellous_a esteem_n this_o pope_n hereby_o declare_v that_o he_o make_v but_o slight_a account_n of_o the_o say_n of_o gregory_n the_o great_a his_o predecessor_n mention_v in_o this_o treatise_n 4._o namely_o that_o he_o who_o shall_v assume_v to_o himself_o the_o title_n of_o universal_a bishop_n shall_v be_v the_o forerunner_n of_o antichrist_n 4._o that_o that_o name_n of_o blasphemy_n say_v he_o elsewhere_o aught_o to_o be_v far_o from_o the_o heart_n of_o christian_n which_o rob_v those_o who_o possess_v the_o priesthood_n of_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o same_o when_o another_o do_v vain_o affect_v to_o challenge_v it_o to_o himself_o that_o if_o we_o be_v accessary_a to_o the_o maintain_v hereof_o we_o by_o so_o do_v corrupt_v the_o faith_n of_o the_o whole_a church_n 6._o because_o as_o he_o add_v if_o there_o be_v one_o only_a bishop_n call_v universal_a the_o whole_a church_n must_v needs_o be_v ruin_v in_o the_o ruin_n of_o that_o one_o universal_a but_o the_o pope_n be_v never_o tardy_a in_o close_v with_o offer_a advantage_n nor_o in_o engross_a of_o they_o upon_o such_o fair_a emergent_a opportunity_n their_o interest_n be_v as_o have_v be_v observe_v interweave_v and_o twist_v with_o those_o of_o secular_a prince_n such_o be_v the_o liberality_n of_o pepin_n and_o of_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o great_a who_o upon_o other_o consideration_n bestow_v upon_o they_o the_o lieutenancy_n of_o ravenna_n and_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n that_o they_o be_v in_o process_n of_o time_n by_o they_o effectual_o promote_v to_o temporal_a monarchy_n and_o principality_n in_o this_o so_o horrible_a a_o confusion_n the_o title_n of_o archbishop_n which_o be_v give_v to_o none_o but_o those_o of_o rome_n constantinople_n alexandria_n antioch_n and_o jerusalem_n as_o will_v appear_v hereafter_o be_v assume_v by_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o metropolitan_a city_n as_o succeed_v therein_o to_o the_o pagan_a archpriest_n likeas_a inferior_a bishop_n to_o to_o their_o priest_n aswell_o in_o this_o that_o they_o wear_v after_o their_o example_n a_o white_a mitre_n enrich_v with_o gold_n and_o pearl_n as_o in_o that_o they_o conform_v to_o they_o in_o the_o exercise_n of_o a_o exorbitant_a power_n for_o we_o blame_v not_o herein_o a_o lawful_a and_o well_o regulate_v title_n nor_o yet_o a_o external_a badge_n of_o dignity_n in_o the_o head_n of_o order_n so_o it_o be_v free_a from_o worldly_a pomp_n and_o vanity_n and_o only_o use_v as_o matter_n of_o order_n and_o decency_n according_a to_o which_o the_o apostle_n exhort_v that_o all_o thing_n be_v do_v in_o the_o church_n 40._o but_o contrariwise_o so_o far_o be_v they_o from_o contain_v of_o themselves_o there_o that_o nothing_o may_v be_v want_v to_o a_o total_a depravation_n their_o shave_a and_o unmarried_a priest_n have_v affect_v to_o imitate_v those_o of_o the_o goddess_n cybelleo_n 5._o or_o those_o of_o the_o goddess_n jeses_n the_o religious_a have_v in_o a_o manner_n succeed_v the_o vestal_a virgin_n their_o holy_a water_n to_o the_o lustral_a and_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_a that_o their_o purgatory_n according_a to_o the_o description_n which_o those_o of_o the_o romish_a church_n give_v we_o of_o it_o have_v be_v likewise_o devise_v according_a to_o the_o model_n of_o that_o describe_v by_o virgil_n in_o the_o 6_o book_n of_o his_o aeneides_n 6._o and_o to_o the_o great_a disparagement_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n which_o we_o can_v mention_v without_o extreme_a condolency_n have_v the_o image_n of_o saint_n be_v substitute_v in_o the_o room_n of_o pagan_a idol_n which_o in_o imitation_n of_o they_o they_o array_v with_o sumptuous_a apparel_n crown_z with_o garlands_z kiss_z offer_v incense_n to_o present_v with_o taper_n and_o burn_a lamp_n and_o after_o the_o same_o example_n carry_v about_o upon_o their_o shoulder_n insomuch_o that_o in_o stead_n of_o
the_o resurrection_n of_o the_o just_a but_o we_o shall_v see_v more_o full_o hereafter_o in_o what_o term_n moneg_n and_o with_o what_o intent_n they_o then_o pray_v for_o the_o dead_a in_o the_o mean_a time_n let_v we_o take_v a_o view_n of_o some_o other_o ceremony_n then_o also_o broach_v the_o pagan_n observe_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o superstition_n in_o their_o very_a ordinary_a converse_n christian_n be_v intermingle_v and_o promiscuous_o conversant_a with_o they_o not_o only_o in_o the_o same_o city_n but_o in_o the_o same_o house_n at_o the_o same_o table_n and_o in_o the_o same_o bed_n so_o that_o there_o be_v frequent_o different_a religion_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o family_n militis_fw-la this_o promiscuous_a converse_n notwithstanding_o they_o resolve_v to_o be_v know_v and_o acknowledge_v for_o christian_n and_o for_o a_o proof_n of_o their_o faith_n in_o the_o crucify_a one_o they_o introduce_v the_o use_n of_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n baptiz_n and_o for_o as_o much_o as_o this_o faith_n be_v judge_v reproachful_a and_o ignominious_a they_o form_v that_o signal_n upon_o their_o forehead_n in_o witness_n that_o they_o be_v not_o ashamed_a of_o the_o cross_n of_o christ_n at_o their_o enter_v into_o or_o come_v out_o of_o their_o house_n or_o bath_n sit_v down_o at_o or_o rise_v up_o from_o their_o table_n lie_v down_o in_o their_o bed_n at_o night_n or_o rise_v in_o the_o morning_n they_o always_o mark_v their_o fore_a head_n with_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n which_o be_v afterward_o receive_v into_o baptism_n apâ—loget_n but_o this_o sign_n be_v only_o a_o badge_n of_o their_o profession_n and_o a_o kind_n of_o implicit_a call_n upon_o the_o name_n of_o christ_n and_o the_o virtue_n attribute_v to_o the_o cross_n be_v not_o extend_v to_o the_o sign_n form_v in_o the_o air_n but_o be_v appropriate_v to_o christ_n only_o who_o name_n be_v tacit_o invoke_v by_o that_o signal_n we_o have_v mention_v the_o satisfaction_n whereunto_o delinquent_n be_v oblige_v now_o this_o term_n ought_v to_o be_v safe_o understand_v for_o when_o the_o ancient_n speak_v of_o satisfy_v god_n they_o pretend_v not_o that_o a_o man_n may_v by_o that_o action_n redeem_v temporal_a punishment_n but_o that_o the_o commandment_n of_o god_n enjoin_v repentance_n and_o hold_v it_o equitable_a that_o the_o same_o be_v outward_o manife_v be_v thereby_o satisfy_v now_o those_o satisfaction_n be_v certain_a penalty_n or_o reparatory_a mulct_n impose_v upon_o penitent_n whereof_o this_o be_v the_o form_n in_o case_n any_o one_o â—ad_n apostatise_v whether_o through_o error_n oâ—_n infirmity_n or_o have_v fall_v into_o some_o enormous_a crime_n the_o church_n will_v not_o present_o receive_v such_o a_o one_o into_o she_o communon_o what_o repentance_n soever_o he_o do_v testify_v but_o she_o appoint_v he_o a_o certain_a space_n 〈◊〉_d time_n sometime_o for_o some_o year_n together_o within_o which_o he_o ought_v to_o give_v proof_n oâ—_n true_a contrition_n paenit_fw-la she_o enjoin_v he_o also_o to_o stand_v bolt_n upright_o in_o a_o distinct_a corner_n â—f_o the_o assembly_n which_o be_v the_o proper_a place_n â—f_a penitent_n in_o a_o mournful_a habit_n and_o visar_n often_o with_o sackcloth_n and_o ash_n with_o teaâ—â—_n and_o supplication_n to_o god_n and_o request_v 〈◊〉_d his_o brethren_n that_o they_o will_v pray_v for_o â—im_v she_o appoint_v he_o likewise_o private_a fasâ—_n sometime_o reduce_v he_o to_o bread_n and_o wâ—ter_n and_o thus_o it_o behove_v he_o to_o accomplish_v the_o prefix_a time_n of_o his_o repentance_n before_o ever_o he_o can_v be_v readmit_v into_o tâ—e_v peace_n of_o the_o church_n but_o for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o come_v 〈◊〉_d pass_v that_o many_o be_v or_o at_o least_o it_o be_v feaâ—ed_v may_v be_v prevent_v by_o death_n before_o â—hey_n have_v consummate_v or_o even_o â—efore_o eâ—er_o they_o have_v begin_v that_o prescribed_a time_n the_o church_n take_v the_o same_o â—nto_fw-mi consideration_n do_v provide_v accordingly_z for_o leave_v they_o shall_v be_v either_o harden_v into_o a_o obstinacy_n or_o swallow_v up_o of_o despair_n she_o frequent_o remit_v of_o that_o severity_n so_o 〈◊〉_d that_o if_o one_o have_v be_v condemn_v to_o a_o tâ—n_a year_n abstinence_n from_o the_o communion_n she_o accept_v of_o five_o sometime_o also_o â—â—e_v penalty_n be_v commute_v into_o some_o more_o tolerable_a consideration_n and_o this_o moderation_n they_o use_v not_o only_o towards_o those_o which_o be_v under_o the_o more_o immediate_a approach_n of_o death_n lest_o they_o shall_v expire_v without_o a_o previous_a reconciliation_n to_o the_o church_n but_o likewise_o towards_o suâ—â—_n as_o seem_v by_o a_o more_o than_o ordinary_a degree_n of_o contrition_n to_o compensate_a what_o â—as_v want_v of_o the_o prefix_a term_n thereof_o this_o mitigation_n be_v manage_v by_o the_o prudence_n of_o the_o church_n who_o weigh_v the_o circumstance_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o offence_n receive_v such_o into_o her_o peace_n 36._o in_o whoâ—_n so_o ever_o she_o perceive_v sufficient_a testimony_n of_o a_o serious_a repentance_n not_o expect_v till_o the_o period_n of_o time_n hereunto_o pretext_n shall_v elapse_v such_o procedure_n be_v term_v relaxation_n or_o remission_n a_o long_a time_n after_o that_o they_o give_v they_o the_o title_n of_o indulgence_n but_o in_o quite_o another_o sense_n than_o what_o they_o be_v take_v in_o at_o this_o day_n fâ—r_v this_o term_n signify_v no_o more_o in_o those_o day_n than_o a_o discharge_n or_o a_o allay_n and_o mitigation_n of_o ecclesiastical_a censure_n and_o penalty_n with_o which_o the_o church_n do_v by_o way_n of_o charitable_a indulgency_n gratify_v penitent_n now_o we_o must_v note_v that_o for_o as_o much_o as_o martyrdom_n be_v very_o honourable_a among_o christian_n and_o those_o who_o be_v prisoner_n for_o the_o faith_n do_v by_o a_o frequent_a intercourse_n of_o letter_n maintain_v a_o correspondence_n with_o the_o church_n who_o also_o high_o esteem_v of_o those_o bless_a witness_n of_o and_o for_o the_o truth_n afford_v they_o what_o consolation_n they_o can_v the_o penitent_n desirous_a of_o solace_n under_o that_o more_o rigid_a part_n of_o discipline_n address_v themselves_o to_o those_o martyr_n solicit_v they_o to_o intercede_v with_o the_o church_n on_o their_o behalf_n as_o well_o know_v what_o credit_n they_o have_v with_o she_o and_o of_o what_o influence_n their_o recommendation_n be_v the_o martyr_n hereupon_o make_v enquiry_n into_o the_o life_n and_o repentance_n of_o those_o delinquent_n and_o in_o case_n they_o find_v they_o sincere_a and_o upright_a they_o employ_v their_o utmost_a interest_n in_o intercede_v with_o the_o church_n by_o letter_n from_o prison_n to_o this_o effect_n that_o she_o will_v please_v in_o favour_n of_o they_o to_o admit_v of_o such_o and_o such_o person_n into_o her_o communion_n which_o they_o ready_o obtain_v of_o she_o and_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v forget_v how_o that_o those_o penitent_n have_v frequent_o abuse_v the_o facile_a nature_n of_o the_o martyr_n either_o through_o their_o misinformation_n or_o through_o over-importunate_a solicitation_n whereby_o they_o extort_a from_o they_o that_o intercession_n the_o church_n complain_v of_o that_o abuse_n which_o occasion_v a_o breach_n of_o discipline_n now_o this_o be_v the_o only_a intercession_n of_o saint_n which_o be_v acknowledge_v in_o those_o day_n and_o how_o much_o it_o differ_v from_o that_o which_o be_v introduce_v afterward_o be_v easy_a to_o determine_v anno_fw-la 240._o etc._n etc._n about_o the_o year_n 240_o there_o happen_v a_o new_a kind_n of_o devotion_n for_o whereas_o former_o they_o require_v the_o martyr_n whilst_o yet_o prisoner_n to_o join_v their_o supplication_n with_o those_o of_o other_o christian_n and_o to_o pray_v here_o below_o for_o they_o and_o with_o they_o cornel._n they_o begin_v instead_o of_o that_o to_o admonish_v they_o that_o after_o their_o death_n they_o shall_v be_v mindful_a of_o the_o live_n yea_o christian_n do_v even_o mutual_o indent_v and_o covenant_n one_o with_o another_o that_o who_o ever_o shall_v first_o exchange_v this_o life_n for_o another_o shall_v remember_v the_o survive_a and_o implore_v god_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o they_o after_o their_o own_o decease_n which_o howbeit_o it_o be_v but_o the_o particular_a zeal_n of_o some_o few_o yet_o serve_v afterward_o to_o pave_v the_o way_n to_o the_o intercession_n of_o saint_n then_o also_o begin_v the_o use_n of_o confession_n to_o be_v partly_o restrain_v and_o partly_o enlarge_v beyond_o what_o it_o be_v former_o penitent_n be_v the_o only_a person_n upon_o who_o it_o be_v impose_v it_o be_v never_o make_v but_o in_o public_a in_o the_o face_n of_o the_o whole_a congregation_n and_o even_o malefactor_n fail_v not_o to_o discharge_v their_o conscience_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o church_n before_o that_o themselves_o fall_v into_o those_o of_o the_o executioner_n but_o for_o as_o much_o as_o
etc._n shall_v thereupon_o be_v incapable_a of_o any_o ecclesiastic_a charge_n or_o office_n now_o those_o prejudication_n be_v transfer_v from_o particular_a synod_n to_o that_o general_a one_o of_o nice_a wherein_o it_o be_v debate_v whether_o it_o be_v convenient_a to_o oblige_v churchman_n to_o abstinency_n from_o marriage_n most_o vote_n carry_v it_o in_o the_o affirmative_a but_o paphnutius_fw-la a_o person_n of_o great_a renown_n and_o a_o sufferer_n for_o the_o gospel_n one_o who_o be_v never_o marry_v stand_v up_o oppose_v that_o determination_n 4_o judge_v according_a to_o scripture_n that_o marriage_n be_v honourable_a in_o all_o his_o opinion_n prevail_v dracant_fw-la and_o be_v approve_v of_o by_o the_o whole_a assembly_n which_o yet_o decree_v that_o such_o as_o be_v receive_v already_o into_o the_o number_n of_o the_o clergy_n be_v as_o yet_o unmarried_a shall_v not_o marry_v at_o all_o this_o decree_n be_v not_o found_v upon_o any_o law_n but_o upon_o custom_n only_o and_o that_o not_o universal_o receive_v for_o after_o this_o council_n many_o famous_a bishop_n marry_v st._n hilary_n gregory_n nyssene_n gregory_n nazianzen_n the_o father_n of_o st._n basil_n the_o great_a and_o a_o great_a many_o more_o ecclesiastic_n be_v marry_v during_o their_o episcopacy_n howbeit_o there_o be_v many_o who_o so_o much_o magnify_v celibacy_n as_o that_o they_o obtrude_v it_o for_o a_o thing_n necessary_a anno_fw-la 350._o etc._n etc._n if_o we_o proceed_v a_o little_a further_o we_o shall_v meet_v with_o a_o new_a term_n in_o the_o latin_a church_n whereof_o yet_o the_o sense_n have_v be_v change_v the_o sermon_n be_v finish_v they_o celebrate_v the_o eucharist_n but_o now_o there_o be_v three_o sort_n of_o person_n who_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o be_v present_a at_o that_o action_n namely_o the_o catechumenes_n who_o be_v not_o as_o yet_o sufficient_o instruct_v in_o the_o mystery_n of_o religion_n the_o penitent_n who_o be_v not_o as_o yet_o receive_v into_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o church_n and_o daimoniack_n such_o as_o be_v possess_v with_o devil_n sermon_n end_v the_o deacon_n intimate_v to_o all_o such_o that_o it_o behove_v they_o to_o withdraw_v dismiss_v they_o in_o these_o term_n item_fw-la missa_fw-la est_fw-la which_o word_n be_v only_a valedictory_n signify_v the_o congee_n or_o solemn_a leave_n take_v of_o they_o and_o be_v no_o wise_a understand_v in_o that_o sense_n which_o be_v at_o this_o day_n put_v upon_o it_o in_o succeed_a age_n all_o the_o public_a exercise_n of_o the_o church_n be_v call_v massâ—s_n because_o they_o be_v all_o conclude_v with_o a_o orison_n immediate_o follow_v upon_o the_o â—issa_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o congee_n or_o valediction_n anno_fw-la 370._o etc._n etc._n yet_o be_v not_o this_o term_n so_o dangerous_a as_o the_o new_a rhetoric_n which_o they_o begin_v soon_o after_o to_o display_v the_o church_n celebrate_v the_o memorial_n of_o the_o saint_n by_o a_o simple_a recital_n of_o their_o virtue_n and_o by_o exhort_v of_o every_o one_o to_o a_o imitation_n thereof_o to_o those_o panegyric_n they_o add_v the_o ornament_n of_o language_n the_o great_a orator_n with_o who_o the_o chair_n be_v then_o well_o furnish_v produce_v what_o ever_o the_o rule_n of_o eloquence_n to_o they_o suggest_v julian._n thus_o about_o the_o year_n 370._o in_o the_o commemoration_n of_o the_o martyr_n they_o begin_v to_o use_v prosopopeias_n and_o apostrophee_n one_o of_o they_o declaim_v in_o this_o manner_n hear_v you_o people_n you_o that_o live_v already_o and_o you_o that_o be_v as_o yet_o unborn_a hear_v likewise_o thou_o soul_n of_o great_a constantine_n if_o so_o be_v there_o be_v any_o sense_n in_o thou_o etc._n etc._n julian._n for_o say_v he_o i_o be_o constrain_v to_o bespeak_v he_o just_a as_o if_o he_o be_v present_a and_o as_o if_o he_o be_v one_o of_o the_o auditory_a the_o same_o author_n in_o the_o second_o oration_n which_o he_o make_v upon_o the_o same_o subject_n direct_v his_o speech_n to_o the_o soul_n of_o julian_n the_o apostate_n which_o yet_o he_o believe_v to_o be_v in_o hell_n there_o be_v then_o a_o vast_a difference_n between_o those_o oratorion_n apostrophee_n and_o the_o invocation_n of_o saint_n a_o figure_n of_o rhetoric_n and_o a_o act_n of_o worship_n and_o yet_o be_v this_o strain_n of_o oratory_n a_o prelude_n to_o a_o gross_a ensue_a abuse_n for_o after_o this_o example_n do_v the_o ignorant_a people_n begin_v by_o little_a and_o little_a to_o address_v their_o request_n to_o saint_n depart_v as_o if_o their_o rude_a dialect_n or_o meaning_n have_v be_v to_o they_o intelligible_a but_o we_o must_v remark_n that_o neither_o then_o nor_o for_o a_o long_a time_n after_o be_v the_o invocation_n of_o saint_n practise_v in_o the_o church_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a this_o superstitious_a brat_n hatch_v by_o the_o cacozealous_a fervour_n of_o a_o few_o private_a person_n be_v condemn_v as_o illegitimate_a 79._o by_o the_o doctor_n of_o that_o age_n who_o teach_v that_o the_o saint_n be_v indeed_o advance_v to_o true_a honour_n and_o rest_n in_o glory_n but_o yet_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v by_o we_o magnify_v beyond_o what_o be_v convenient_a that_o the_o sacred_a virgin_n be_v never_o intend_v for_o a_o object_n of_o adoration_n but_o that_o the_o luxuriant_a honour_n to_o she_o ascribe_v do_v proceed_v from_o some_o superstitious_a female_n â—_o silly_a woman_n accomplice_n with_o such_o as_o in_o jeremiah_n time_n worship_v the_o queen_n of_o heaven_n that_o the_o comparison_n make_v by_o those_o who_o urge_v the_o example_n of_o king_n 1._o to_o who_o address_n be_v usual_o make_v by_o the_o intervention_n of_o courtier_n or_o officer_n be_v altogether_o impertinent_a like_v as_o some_o heretic_n of_o those_o time_n especial_o in_o the_o province_n of_o phrygia_n have_v their_o recourse_n to_o god_n by_o the_o mediation_n of_o angel_n 2._o have_v among_o they_o the_o oratory_n of_o st._n michael_n this_o invocation_n of_o angel_n be_v also_o condemn_v of_o heresy_n by_o the_o council_n of_o â—â—aodicea_n hold_v about_o the_o year_n 368._o in_o those_o time_n many_o person_n what_o through_o curiosity_n what_o through_o zeal_n resort_v to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o more_o eminent_a martyr_n be_v inter_v for_o we_o have_v see_v how_o careful_a the_o church_n be_v in_o collect_v of_o their_o bone_n yea_o in_o transport_v they_o from_o remote_a place_n and_o dispose_v of_o they_o to_o magnificent_a sepulcher_n it_o be_v a_o mere_a natural_a affection_n that_o prompt_v every_o one_o with_o a_o curious_a desire_n to_o see_v those_o body_n which_o be_v sometime_o the_o temple_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o st._n chrysostome_n say_v ephes._n i_o esteem_v of_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n not_o because_o of_o the_o pillar_n of_o marble_n but_o because_o of_o the_o pillar_n of_o the_o church_n therein_o the_o body_n of_o st._n peter_n suppose_v to_o have_v be_v there_o and_o st._n paul_n who_o can_v afford_v i_o at_o present_a the_o favour_n of_o be_v stretch_v out_o all_o along_o upon_o the_o body_n of_o st._n paul_n of_o be_v nail_v to_o his_o sepulchre_n of_o behold_v the_o dust_n of_o that_o body_n which_o bear_v the_o mark_n of_o the_o lord_n jesus_n and_o that_o mouth_n by_o which_o christ_n himself_o speak_v i_o covet_v to_o see_v the_o sepulchre_n wherein_o be_v enclose_v that_o armour_n of_o righteousness_n that_o armour_n of_o light_n those_o member_n which_o still_o live_v and_o be_v dead_a whilst_o live_a i_o covet_v to_o see_v those_o chain_n those_o bond_n etc._n etc._n the_o intent_n then_o of_o those_o visit_n be_v that_o they_o may_v be_v confirm_v in_o the_o same_o faith_n for_o which_o those_o martyr_n suffer_v that_o so_o they_o may_v have_v part_n in_o the_o same_o resurrection_n and_o this_o they_o beseech_v god_n for_o by_o prayer_n pour_v out_o over_o their_o sepulcher_n now_o those_o place_n become_v the_o more_o famous_a by_o reason_n of_o a_o rumour_n spread_v that_o miracle_n be_v wrought_v by_o their_o mean_n for_o arianism_n be_v then_o become_v very_o general_a it_o be_v possible_a that_o god_n may_v at_o that_o time_n have_v confirm_v by_o miracle_n the_o orthodox_n faith_n howbeit_o so_o it_o be_v that_o this_o persuasion_n draw_v the_o people_n to_o those_o sepulcher_n but_o superstition_n at_o the_o same_o time_n follow_v thereupon_o for_o than_o begin_v the_o belief_n ambros._n that_o there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o divine_a virtue_n subject_v in_o those_o relic_n prevalent_a against_o the_o malady_n of_o the_o soul_n as_o well_o as_o those_o of_o the_o body_n it_o be_v general_o believe_v that_o the_o body_n of_o the_o saint_n be_v as_o so_o many_o tutelary_a guardian_n and_o fortress_n to_o the_o city_n wherein_o they_o be_v keep_v in_o so_o much_o that_o every_o one_o covet_v to_o have_v some_o of_o they_o and_o for_o
this_o very_a reason_n they_o begin_v to_o transport_v they_o from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o the_o common_a people_n spend_v the_o vigil_n or_o wake_n in_o the_o cemetery_n of_o the_o martyr_n thither_o they_o carry_v victual_n that_o they_o may_v be_v thereby_o sanctify_v yea_o they_o light_v up_o taper_n in_o broad_a day_n light_n in_o token_n say_v they_o of_o joy_n and_o triumph_v but_o we_o must_v likewise_o note_v that_o all_o those_o be_v the_o procedure_v of_o private_a person_n only_o and_o no_o wise_a approve_v of_o by_o the_o church_n true_a it_o be_v the_o bishop_n be_v constrain_v by_o the_o prevail_a multitude_n to_o connive_v at_o those_o abuse_n whereof_o yet_o they_o acknowledge_v the_o enormity_n 35._o this_o toleration_n nevertheless_o do_v not_o forestall_v their_o utmost_a endeavour_n for_o stop_v of_o that_o torrent_n for_o at_o the_o same_o time_n both_o doctor_n and_o council_n condemn_v those_o extravagancy_n prohibit_v the_o light_n up_o of_o torch_n in_o honour_n of_o the_o martyr_n vigilant_a interdict_a vigil_n repress_v those_o who_o carry_v victual_n to_o their_o sepulcher_n as_o have_v derive_v that_o custom_n from_o paganism_n and_o teach_v that_o the_o relic_n of_o saint_n ought_v to_o be_v bury_v and_o not_o transport_v from_o place_n to_o place_n that_o the_o custom_n of_o swear_v by_o the_o relic_n of_o the_o dead_a be_v pure_o paganish_v and_o that_o many_o build_v sepulcher_n for_o martyr_n mere_o out_o of_o vain_a frivolous_a dream_n anno_fw-la 380._o etc._n etc._n the_o original_n of_o pray_v for_o the_o dead_a we_o have_v see_v in_o the_o former_a age_n come_v we_o now_o to_o view_v the_o growth_n and_o progress_n of_o the_o same_o this_o custom_n spring_v original_o from_o a_o natural_a affection_n in_o the_o survive_a be_v at_o length_n receive_v into_o the_o church_n and_o in_o after_o time_n continue_v therein_o 7._o the_o emperor_n constantine_n be_v dead_a all_o the_o people_n pray_v for_o his_o soul_n but_o as_o we_o have_v already_o note_v those_o prayer_n be_v make_v in_o a_o sense_n quite_o other_o than_o at_o present_a for_o all_o the_o father_n of_o the_o first_o age_n be_v of_o a_o opinion_n which_o be_v at_o this_o day_n reject_v by_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n namely_o that_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o righteous_a be_v reserve_v in_o a_o common_a receptacle_n until_o the_o resurrection_n 32._o and_o upon_o this_o supposition_n they_o ground_n their_o pray_n for_o the_o dead_a now_o for_o these_o reason_n do_v the_o church_n pray_v for_o they_o viz._n 1._o to_o the_o end_n god_n may_v please_v to_o glorify_v they_o in_o due_a time_n hasten_v their_o resurrection_n 2._o to_o the_o end_n the_o judge_n may_v upon_o the_o last_o day_n be_v propitious_a to_o they_o and_o not_o deal_v with_o they_o in_o rigour_n 3._o it_o be_v remarkable_a that_o they_o pray_v even_o for_o the_o patriarch_n for_o the_o prophet_n for_o the_o evangelist_n for_o the_o apostle_n for_o the_o martyr_n yea_o and_o for_o the_o virgin_n mary_n who_o yet_o they_o believe_v not_o to_o be_v in_o purgatory_n but_o their_o end_n herein_o be_v that_o it_o may_v please_v god_n to_o increase_v their_o glory_n whence_o we_o must_v note_v by_o the_o way_n how_o far_o they_o be_v from_o pray_v to_o the_o saint_n since_o that_o they_o pray_v for_o they_o and_o the_o truth_n be_v antiquity_n inform_v we_o that_o one_o of_o the_o main_a reason_n why_o they_o pray_v for_o they_o 75._o be_v that_o they_o may_v by_o so_o do_v distinguish_v they_o from_o christ_n who_o none_o pray_v for_o but_o all_o pray_v to_o 4._o but_o which_o be_v yet_o more_o strange_a 69._o they_o go_v so_o far_o as_o to_o pray_v for_o the_o very_a damn_a to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v procure_v for_o they_o say_v they_o some_o allay_n and_o mitigation_n of_o their_o pain_n for_o in_o as_o much_o as_o misguide_a zeal_n be_v no_o where_o bound_v they_o affect_v to_o extend_v their_o charity_n even_o as_o far_o as_o hell_n itself_o be_v strong_o opiniated_a that_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o church_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o damn_a 21._o may_v be_v available_a for_o qualify_a and_o asswage_v of_o their_o torment_n and_o render_v of_o their_o infernal_a state_n more_o supportable_a thus_o do_v they_o inconsiderate_o kindle_v strange_a fire_n upon_o the_o altar_n 110._o and_o make_v their_o censor_n smoke_n through_o the_o superstitious_a flame_n of_o a_o preposterous_a devotion_n but_o 37._o behold_v a_o innovation_n of_o a_o lamentable_a sequel_n the_o primitive_a christian_n have_v not_o as_o yet_o receive_v any_o image_n this_o the_o pagan_n upbraid_v they_o with_o as_o a_o notorious_a defect_n the_o church_n have_v condemn_v the_o gnostic_n famous_a heretic_n who_o use_v image_n even_o that_o of_o christ_n himself_o eusebius_n say_v in_o his_o ecclesiastical_a history_n that_o this_o usage_n be_v derive_v from_o pagan_n who_o be_v accustom_v to_o honour_v the_o memory_n of_o their_o deliverer_n with_o portrait_n and_o image_n euseb._n which_o that_o they_o may_v clothe_v their_o idolatry_n with_o a_o specious_a pretext_n they_o yet_o further_o allege_v to_o be_v as_o so_o many_o book_n represent_v divine_a thing_n the_o emperor_n constantine_n cause_v the_o image_n of_o the_o good_a shepherd_n to_o be_v make_v but_o not_o with_o any_o intent_n of_o have_v it_o place_v in_o a_o church_n the_o statue_n of_o daniel_n in_o brass_n be_v also_o erect_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o marketplace_n of_o constantinople_n 48._o the_o same_o historian_n eusebius_n write_v to_o the_o empress_n constance_n tell_v she_o that_o christ_n even_o as_o he_o be_v man_n can_v be_v represent_v by_o the_o pencil_n true_a it_o be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n there_o be_v a_o statue_n show_v in_o caesarea_n euseb._n which_o they_o say_v be_v that_o of_o jesus_n christ_n erect_v before_o that_o in_o a_o private_a house_n where_o the_o woman_n be_v cure_v of_o the_o bloody_a flux_n mention_v in_o the_o gospel_n 20._o be_v also_o represent_v and_o from_o that_o statue_n undoubted_o the_o portrait_n 〈◊〉_d jesus_n christ_n in_o nicephorus_n be_v draw_v and_o afterward_o imitate_v by_o statuary_n and_o painter_n now_o for_o as_o much_o as_o juidâ—_n the_o apostate_n have_v cause_v it_o to_o be_v deface_v and_o the_o pagan_n in_o despite_n to_o christ_n haâ—_n break_v it_o into_o piece_n the_o christian_n recollect_v all_o the_o fragment_n and_o place_v they_o in_o the_o church_n but_o about_o the_o year_n 380._o they_o begin_v to_o embellish_v the_o church_n wherein_o they_o assemble_v with_o picture_n whereby_o they_o represent_v the_o suffering_n of_o the_o martyr_n nyssen_n render_v they_o more_o palpable_a and_o affective_a to_o the_o beholder_n as_o also_o some_o scripture-history_n as_o abraham_n sacrifice_n barth_n christ_n miracle_n etc._n etc._n and_o for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o agape_n or_o feast_n of_o their_o assembly_n be_v as_o yet_o practise_v by_o christian_n the_o object_n there_o present_v before_o their_o eye_n be_v of_o use_n to_o prevenâ—_n intemperancy_n we_o must_v therefore_o remark_n that_o those_o image_n be_v only_o historical_a serve_v for_o commemoration_n only_o not_o for_o veneration_n â—_o likewise_o that_o the_o same_o be_v no_o other_o than_o plain_a picture_n for_o statue_n be_v not_o receive_v into_o church_n till_o a_o long_a time_n after_o but_o brief_o that_o which_o be_v most_o remarkable_a herein_o be_v the_o opposition_n then_o band_v up_o against_o this_o novelty_n there_o have_v be_v even_o council_n 36._o which_o express_o prohibit_v the_o use_n of_o picture_n in_o the_o church_n moreover_o such_o be_v the_o devotion_n of_o many_o even_o after_o this_o innovation_n that_o they_o will_v not_o endure_v any_o image_n in_o their_o church_n epiphanius_n one_o of_o the_o most_o famous_a man_n of_o those_o time_n relate_v this_o passage_n hierosolym_n that_o be_v in_o a_o certain_a village_n in_o palestine_n he_o observe_v at_o the_o church-entry_n a_o paint_a cloth_n have_v like_o the_o picture_n of_o christ_n or_o some_o saint_n upon_o it_o now_o when_o that_o i_o behold_v say_v he_o that_o they_o have_v as_o it_o be_v under_o colour_n of_o scripture-authority_n place_v the_o image_n of_o a_o man_n in_o the_o church_n of_o christ_n i_o cut_v that_o cloth_n and_o counsel_v they_o much_o rather_o to_o wrap_v up_o the_o dead_a corpse_n of_o some_o poor_a person_n therein_o anno_fw-la 386._o the_o celibacy_n of_o ecclesiastic_n be_v hitherto_o use_v more_o through_o private_a devotion_n than_o by_o virtue_n of_o any_o public_a suffrage_n and_o determination_n of_o the_o church_n but_o about_o the_o year_n 386._o syricius_n bishop_n of_o rome_n 82_o be_v the_o first_o that_o do_v by_o public_a decree_n provide_v there_o be_v nothing_o of_o forgery_n in_o the_o case_n prohibit_v marriage_n to_o the_o clergy_n of_o the_o church_n within_o his_o jurisdiction_n provide_v
by_o a_o may_v be_v thus_o the_o first_o doctrine_n concern_v purgatory_n be_v problematical_a only_o not_o dogmatical_a or_o matter_n of_o faith_n till_o a_o long-time_n after_o that_o as_o we_o shall_v see_v in_o its_o proper_a place_n nevertheless_o for_o the_o reader_n satisfaction_n we_o shall_v hear_v subjoin_v the_o testimony_n of_o two_o father_n among_o the_o many_o of_o the_o first_o antiquity_n to_o the_o end_n that_o it_o may_v appear_v what_o the_o belief_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n be_v respon_n touch_v the_o state_n of_o soul_n depart_v st._n justine_n martyr_n who_o live_v in_o the_o 130._o year_n of_o our_o lord_n speak_v of_o it_o thus_o after_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o body_n say_v he_o there_o be_v immediate_o a_o separation_n make_v of_o the_o just_a and_o of_o the_o unjust_a for_o they_o be_v conduct_v by_o the_o angel_n to_o place_n worthy_a of_o they_o namely_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o just_a to_o paradise_n where_o they_o enjoy_v the_o society_n of_o angel_n and_o arch-angel_n yea_o and_o the_o very_a face_n of_o our_o saviour_n jesus_n christ_n himself_o but_o those_o of_o the_o unjust_a to_o the_o infernal_a mansion_n st._n irenaeus_n bishop_n of_o lion_n 7._o in_o the_o year_n 160._o the_o preacher_n say_v he_o who_o be_v the_o disciple_n of_o the_o apostle_n affirm_v that_o those_o who_o be_v translate_v from_o hence_o be_v transport_v into_o paradise_n that_o be_v prepare_v for_o just_a man_n and_o such_o as_o have_v the_o spirit_n the_o place_n whither_o st._n paul_n be_v catch_v up_o where_o he_o hear_v thing_n unutterable_a and_o that_o they_o shall_v continue_v there_o till_o the_o consummation_n and_o end_n of_o the_o world_n see_v incorruption_n and_o thus_o erasmus_n in_o his_o animadversion_n â—pon_o that_o father_n observe_v and_o good_a â—eason_n he_o have_v de_fw-fr purgatorio_fw-la nulla_fw-la mentio_fw-la â—hat_n there_o be_v no_o mention_n make_v by_o he_o of_o purgatory_n just_o acknowledge_v that_o that_o â—ious_a author_n speak_v as_o one_o whole_o unacquainted_a with_o any_o such_o fable_n 136_o and_o for_o this_o reason_n it_o be_v order_v by_o the_o expurgatory_n index_n both_o of_o spain_n and_o of_o the_o low-countries_n that_o that_o note_n of_o erasmus_n shall_v be_v quite_o obliterated_a anno_fw-la 450._o etc._n etc._n it_o have_v be_v already_o observe_v when_o how_o and_o by_o what_o degree_n the_o public_a confession_n of_o penitent_n be_v change_v into_o a_o private_a one_o in_o the_o greek_a church_n only_o but_o about_o the_o year_n 450._o the_o same_o alteration_n do_v likewise_o befall_v the_o western_a church_n which_o have_v ever_o till_o then_o retain_v the_o use_n of_o public_a confession_n christian_n liberty_n also_o in_o matter_n of_o fast_n be_v maintain_v 118._o till_o about_o this_o time_n the_o doctor_n that_o flourish_v in_o this_o age_n have_v teach_v that_o christ_n never_o command_v 〈◊〉_d to_o imitate_v his_o fast_a of_o forty_o day_n that_o fast_v be_v the_o last_o and_o low_a of_o virtue_n that_o true_a fast_n consist_v in_o abstinency_n from_o sin_n that_o fast_v indeed_o be_v command_v in_o the_o scripture_n but_o as_o touch_v the_o particular_a day_n of_o fast_v nor_o christ_n nor_o his_o apostle_n do_v ever_o enact_v any_o ordinance_n that_o it_o be_v matter_n of_o freedom_n and_o indifferency_n to_o fast_o upon_o some_o certain_a day_n that_o the_o choice_n and_o distinction_n of_o meat_n be_v not_o matter_n of_o religion_n etc._n etc._n we_o have_v likewise_o see_v how_o that_o fast_n be_v diverse_o observe_v both_o as_o to_o their_o time_n and_o manner_n and_o that_o they_o abstain_v not_o only_o from_o flesh_n but_o from_o wine_n also_o and_o we_o may_v yet_o further_o observe_v how_o much_o the_o fast_n of_o the_o first_o differ_v from_o those_o of_o modern_a age_n in_o that_o the_o lend_v of_o the_o ancient_n do_v ever_o begin_v upon_o the_o sabbath_n which_o follow_v immediate_o upon_o that_o of_o whitsuntide_n but_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o church_n herein_o be_v through_o the_o law_n of_o new_a council_n 34_o and_o multiplicity_n of_o fast_n at_o length_n suppress_v for_o leo_n i._o bishop_n of_o rome_n do_v about_o the_o year_n 460._o ordain_v the_o observance_n of_o four_o solemn_a anniversary_n fast_n namely_o lent_n whitsuntide_n the_o seven_o and_o ten_o month_n not_o deny_v but_o that_o the_o two_o last_o be_v in_o imitation_n of_o judaisme_n there_o be_v some_o author_n who_o speak_v of_o the_o fast_a of_o the_o four_o time_n or_o four_o week_n of_o ember_n or_o imber-day_n and_o of_o the_o institution_n thereof_o give_v this_o reason_n for_o the_o same_o pope_n gelasius_n have_v decree_v mensis_fw-la that_o the_o ordination_n of_o priest_n and_o deacon_n shall_v be_v perform_v upon_o those_o day_n now_o for_o as_o much_o as_o that_o action_n be_v after_o the_o example_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n act_n 13._o &_o 14._o manage_v with_o fast_v and_o public_a prayer_n the_o fast_a of_o the_o four_o time_n be_v hereupon_o introduce_v and_o notwithstanding_o those_o ordination_n be_v not_o perform_v any_o more_o at_o that_o time_n yet_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o of_o fast_v afterward_o continue_v in_o like_a manner_n as_o touch_v the_o vigil_n of_o saint_n the_o name_n indeed_o be_v retain_v but_o the_o use_n of_o they_o quite_o change_v for_o the_o wake_n upon_o the_o night_n precede_v the_o solemnity_n of_o any_o saint_n be_v turn_v into_o fast_n howbeit_o the_o name_n of_o vigil_n remain_v the_o fast_a of_o rogation_n come_v to_o pass_v soon_o after_o for_o there_o happen_v in_o several_a place_n in_o lyonoise_n in_o france_n divers_a earthquake_n conflagration_n and_o many_o danger_n incur_v through_o wild_a beast_n those_o public_a calamity_n move_v mamert_n bishop_n of_o vienne_n in_o daulphinoise_n to_o ordain_v that_o upon_o some_o certain_a day_n every_o year_n there_o shall_v be_v public_a prayer_n make_v with_o fast_v and_o act_n of_o repentance_n thus_o be_v the_o rogation_n institute_v which_o reach_v even_o to_o foreign_a province_n as_o we_o shall_v see_v straight_o anno_fw-la 470._o etc._n etc._n we_o have_v see_v some_o seed_n and_o beginning_n of_o the_o invocation_n of_o saint_n towards_o the_o end_n of_o the_o precede_a age_n it_o be_v not_o use_v in_o the_o church_n but_o only_o among_o some_o private_a person_n and_o that_o as_o yet_o with_o some_o hesitation_n they_o begin_v then_o to_o conceive_v new_a opinion_n touch_v the_o martyr_n to_o rely_v upon_o their_o intercession_n and_o to_o attribute_v virtue_n to_o their_o sepulcher_n st._n augustine_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o strong_a and_o better_a christian_n have_v no_o such_o custom_n but_o the_o weak_a sort_n only_o and_o those_o too_o by_o way_n of_o indulgence_n this_o abuse_n prevail_v so_o much_o as_o that_o the_o transportation_n of_o relic_n the_o resort_n of_o people_n the_o honour_n confer_v upon_o saint_n which_o at_o the_o beginning_n be_v tolerable_a be_v now_o advance_v to_o a_o excess_n the_o body_n of_o chrysostome_n be_v transport_v to_o constantinople_n 43._o the_o emperor_n theodosius_n kneel_v down_o before_o it_o pray_v it_o to_o forgive_v his_o parent_n who_o have_v persecute_v it_o while_o live_v but_o against_o this_o superstition_n the_o father_n of_o this_o age_n like_v as_o their_o predecessor_n before_o they_o remonstrate_v after_o this_o manner_n corinth_n the_o soul_n of_o the_o dead_a intermeddle_v not_o with_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o live_n the_o saint_n be_v not_o our_o mediator_n we_o applaud_v the_o martyr_n as_o those_o who_o have_v fight_v in_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o truth_n and_o maintain_v the_o purity_n of_o the_o faith_n we_o worship_v they_o not_o build_v they_o no_o church_n offer_v they_o no_o sacrifice_n but_o to_o what_o purpose_n then_o be_v those_o solemnity_n to_o the_o end_n that_o we_o may_v thereby_o glorify_v god_n because_o of_o their_o victory_n and_o encourage_v ourselves_o to_o follow_v their_o example_n that_o we_o may_v share_v in_o their_o crown_n and_o reward_v but_o that_o we_o may_v attain_v thereunto_o must_v the_o saint_n be_v invoke_v in_o no_o wise_a but_o we_o will_v only_o implore_v aid_n from_o the_o true_a god_n himself_o who_o make_v they_o both_o man_n and_o martyr_n this_o than_o be_v the_o language_n of_o the_o church_n and_o we_o must_v remember_v that_o for_o as_o much_o as_o in_o the_o assembly_n before_o the_o communion_n they_o celebrate_v the_o memorial_n of_o the_o saint_n st._n augustine_n speak_v of_o that_o commemoration_n inform_v we_o that_o the_o name_n of_o the_o martyr_n be_v then_o rehearse_v in_o rank_n and_o order_n as_o the_o servant_n of_o god_n who_o have_v overcome_v the_o world_n through_o the_o confession_n of_o their_o faith_n but_o that_o they_o be_v not_o invoke_v which_o be_v at_o this_o day_n verify_v by_o the_o more_o ancient_a liturgy_n tertul._n and_o set_v form_n of_o public_a
prayer_n and_o thanksgiving_n for_o the_o church_n pray_v for_o the_o believe_a and_o unbelieving_a for_o magistrate_n for_o friend_n and_o foe_n for_o present_a and_o absent_a for_o penitent_n for_o demoniac_n and_o in_o general_a for_o the_o whole_a world_n now_o that_o they_o may_v excite_v the_o people_n to_o the_o great_a fervency_n in_o prayer_n the_o pastor_n use_v this_o exhortation_n sursum_fw-la corda_fw-la lift_v up_o your_o heart_n on_o high_a whereunto_o they_o give_v this_o only_a answer_n habemus_fw-la ad_fw-la dominum_fw-la we_o yield_v they_o to_o the_o lord_n for_o in_o the_o whole_a action_n they_o invoke_v none_o other_o than_o god_n in_o this_o age_n be_v likewise_o introduce_v as_o we_o have_v say_v litany_n or_o rogation_n first_o in_o the_o eastern_a church_n and_o afterward_o in_o the_o western_a the_o pestilence_n at_o constantinople_n and_o the_o earthquake_n at_o lion_n and_o adjacent_a place_n administer_a the_o occasion_n hereof_o from_o thence_o they_o be_v extend_v upon_o the_o like_a occurrence_n throughout_o the_o whole_a both_o east_n and_o west_n now_o behold_v the_o form_n of_o the_o same_o they_o digest_v into_o certain_a article_n the_o public_a calamity_n and_o necessity_n pray_v for_o the_o peace_n from_o on_o high_a and_o the_o salvation_n of_o soul_n for_o the_o prosperity_n of_o god_n holy_a church_n for_o both_o clergy_n and_o people_n for_o high_a power_n and_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n for_o that_o province_n and_o city_n for_o the_o fruitfulness_n of_o the_o earth_n for_o health_n for_o such_o as_o be_v engage_v in_o a_o journey_n or_o voyage_n for_o the_o sick_a for_o the_o imprison_a etc._n etc._n every_o one_o of_o those_o article_n be_v pronounce_v with_o a_o loud_a voice_n by_o the_o pastor_n the_o people_n answer_v to_o each_o thereof_o kyrie_fw-la eleison_fw-la lord_n have_v mercy_n upon_o we_o they_o afterward_o add_v other_o clause_n but_o the_o invocation_n of_o saint_n have_v no_o place_n in_o those_o litany_n 18._o one_o peter_n gnapheus_n or_o foulon_n patriarch_n of_o antioch_n be_v the_o first_o that_o foist_v the_o same_o into_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o church_n about_o the_o year_n 470._o and_o we_o must_v note_v that_o this_o person_n be_v corrupt_v with_o the_o eutychian_a heresy_n for_o which_o he_o be_v condemn_v by_o the_o five_o general_n council_n thus_o do_v superstition_n which_o at_o first_o be_v only_o private_a become_v public_a at_o last_o and_o the_o commemoration_n of_o saint_n be_v change_v into_o invocation_n insomuch_o that_o in_o stead_n of_o address_v their_o discourse_n to_o the_o live_n in_o order_n to_o their_o imitate_v of_o the_o saint_n they_o now_o direct_v it_o to_o the_o saint_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o live_n howbeit_o this_o same_o invocation_n of_o saint_n be_v at_o the_o beginning_n use_v only_o by_o the_o greek_n for_o the_o latin_a church_n receive_v it_o not_o till_o above_o a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o year_n after_o as_o we_o shall_v also_o see_v in_o due_a time_n and_o place_n anno_fw-la 490._o let_v we_o conclude_v this_o five_o century_n with_o a_o observation_n which_o offer_v itself_o about_o the_o same_o time_n it_o have_v be_v say_v that_o many_o have_v at_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o eucharist_n introduce_v the_o custom_n of_o soak_a or_o dip_v bread_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o such_o as_o can_v not_o use_v the_o cup._n this_o usage_n be_v condemn_v by_o julius_n bishop_n of_o rome_n about_o the_o year_n 340._o howbeit_o in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n the_o priest_n do_v still_o dip_v a_o moiety_n of_o the_o host_n in_o the_o wine_n of_o the_o chalice_n add_v at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o this_o immersion_n conduce_v to_o eternal_a life_n in_o the_o receiver_n this_o expedient_a so_o general_o use_v carry_v in_o it_o a_o demonstrative_a evidence_n that_o antiquity_n give_v the_o communion_n under_o the_o two_o species_n choose_v much_o rather_o in_o a_o exigence_n wherein_o they_o can_v no_o better_o order_v it_o to_o give_v soak_v or_o steep_v bread_n then_o to_o administer_v the_o sacrament_n under_o that_o only_a species_n now_o about_o the_o year_n 440._o the_o manichee_n who_o hold_v wine_n in_o abomination_n as_o the_o turk_n do_v at_o this_o day_n attempt_v to_o introduce_v the_o communion_n under_o one_o only_a species_n 4._o and_o whereas_o there_o be_v many_o in_o the_o church_n taint_v with_o that_o heresy_n they_o be_v discern_v by_o this_o token_n that_o they_o make_v some_o hesitation_n about_o receive_v of_o the_o chalice_n this_o superstition_n be_v suppress_v towards_o the_o year_n 490._o comperimus_fw-la by_o pope_n gelasius_n who_o ordain_v that_o they_o shall_v either_o receive_v the_o sacrament_n whole_a and_o entire_a or_o else_o whole_o abstain_v from_o and_o forbear_v it_o conformable_o to_o what_o be_v decree_v by_o leo_n his_o predecessor_n who_o impeach_v of_o sacrilege_n all_o those_o who_o repulse_n the_o cup_n of_o redeem_v blood_n a_o ordinance_n which_o condemn_v the_o mutilation_n of_o the_o sacrament_n introduce_v in_o aftertime_n by_o the_o romish_a church_n anno_fw-la 500_o etc._n etc._n we_o be_v now_o arrive_v at_o the_o year_n 500_o the_o historical_a use_n of_o image_n be_v receive_v into_o church_n which_o be_v the_o only_a use_n that_o christian_n apply_v they_o to_o for_o above_o a_o hundred_o year_n after_o their_o first_o introduction_n but_o now_o the_o people_n begin_v to_o degenerate_v into_o abuse_n herein_o and_o image_n be_v advance_v from_o contemplation_n to_o veneration_n many_o bishop_n willing_a to_o suppress_v this_o idolatry_n cause_v they_o to_o be_v break_v into_o piece_n within_o their_o several_a diocese_n but_o the_o popular_a torrent_n prevail_v over_o their_o zeal_n this_o same_o abomination_n enforce_v by_o custom_n be_v in_o fine_a authorize_v by_o those_o who_o part_n it_o be_v to_o reform_v it_o but_o a_o long_a time_n after_o as_o we_o shall_v show_v in_o its_o proper_a place_n let_v we_o take_v a_o view_n of_o some_o innovation_n which_o come_v to_o pass_v at_o the_o same_o time_n anno_fw-la 528._o among_o the_o many_o other_o miracle_n practise_v in_o the_o church_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o apostle_n the_o anoint_v of_o the_o sick_a be_v one_o by_o virtue_n whereof_o they_o recover_v bodily_a health_n now_o howbeit_o the_o gift_n of_o healing_n be_v together_o with_o other_o miracle_n become_v antiquate_v yet_o do_v some_o heretic_n affect_v to_o retain_v the_o use_n of_o this_o same_o unction_n though_o now_o vacate_v of_o its_o pristine_a efficacy_n address_v it_o to_o another_o end_n for_o about_o the_o year_n 180._o 18._o the_o valentinian_o anoint_v their_o sick_a with_o oil_n when_o ever_o they_o perceive_v they_o to_o be_v under_o the_o approach_n of_o death_n add_v thereunto_o certain_a prayer_n pretend_v that_o the_o same_o do_v conduce_v to_o soul-salvation_n this_o superstition_n find_v no_o entertainment_n save_v among_o some_o certain_a heretic_n the_o church_n ever_o have_v it_o in_o detestation_n but_o about_o the_o year_n 528._o fellix_fw-la iu._n bishop_n of_o rome_n institute_v extreme_a unction_n which_o be_v afterward_o amplify_v with_o ceremony_n and_o receive_v in_o the_o quality_n of_o a_o sacrament_n now_o from_o what_o source_n it_o spring_v be_v no_o hard_a matter_n to_o determine_v anno_fw-la 535._o towards_o the_o year_n 535._o agapet_n i._o ordain_v procession_n before_o easter_n feast_n natal_n for_o which_o they_o give_v this_o goodly_a reason_n for_o as_o much_o say_v they_o as_o after_o the_o resurrection_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o angel_n say_v to_o the_o woman_n tell_v the_o disciple_n that_o he_o go_v before_o you_o into_o galilee_n 28._o now_o from_o this_o procession_n of_o easter_n those_o of_o the_o sabbath-day_n do_v afterward_o proceed_v anno_fw-la 536._o vigilius_n his_o successor_n natal_n ordain_v that_o those_o that_o celebrate_v the_o mass_n shall_v direct_v their_o face_n towards_o the_o east_n and_o from_o thence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o altar_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v all_o turn_v eastward_n to_o this_o vigilius_n be_v likewise_o attribute_v the_o feast_n of_o purification_n martion_n or_o candlemass_o whereof_o they_o give_v this_o account_n the_o pagan_n be_v wont_a in_o the_o begin_n of_o february_n to_o celebrate_v the_o feast_n of_o proserpina_n with_o burn_a taper_n now_o for_o a_o diversion_n from_o this_o piece_n of_o pagan-impiety_n they_o institute_v the_o same_o day_n and_o the_o same_o thing_n in_o honour_n of_o the_o virgin_n mary_n anno_fw-la 600._o corruption_n be_v now_o become_v universal_a and_o nothing_o be_v henceforth_o to_o be_v see_v but_o horror_n we_o shall_v only_o run_v over_o the_o more_o principal_a the_o most_o notable_a change_n that_o befall_v religion_n come_v to_o pass_v towards_o the_o year_n 600._o this_o time_n be_v very_o dark_a the_o sun_n of_o truth_n overclouded_n and_o the_o bright_a star_n fall_v from_o heaven_n then_o be_v
leo_fw-la the_o second_o change_v this_o symbol_n of_o reconciliation_n into_o a_o superstitious_a vanity_n institute_v that_o plate_n of_o silver_n or_o copper_n which_o after_o consecration_n be_v present_v to_o be_v kiss_v and_o in_o this_o very_a particular_a one_o may_v perceive_v how_o much_o the_o ancient_a ceremony_n have_v be_v either_o divert_v or_o pervert_v through_o successive_a alteration_n therein_o anno_fw-la 790._o but_o behold_v the_o idolatry_n which_o under_o the_o vail_n of_o darkness_n be_v propagate_v in_o the_o church_n even_o to_o the_o very_a sanctuary_n image_n be_v only_o as_o so_o many_o memorative_a object_n in_o church_n yet_o do_v the_o vulgar_a begin_v to_o exhibit_v honour_n to_o they_o whereupon_o dispute_n be_v commence_v in_o this_o difference_n reason_n of_o state_n offer_v themselves_o which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o history_n for_o upon_o other_o account_n be_v image_n pretend_v in_o subserviency_n to_o their_o interest_n the_o latin_n and_o the_o greek_n and_o afterward_o the_o greek_n among_o themselves_o take_v occasion_n from_o hence_o of_o much_o altercation_n one_o while_o demolish_n and_o break_v down_o the_o image_n another_o while_n re-erecting_a of_o they_o final_o irene_n empress_n of_o constantinople_n a_o pagan_a both_o by_o nation_n and_o religion_n a_o woman_n of_o many_o notorious_a enormity_n assemble_v a_o council_n at_o nice_a exclude_v from_o it_o the_o best_a doctor_n and_o employ_v menace_n violence_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o artifice_n whereby_o she_o may_v compass_v her_o design_n thus_o this_o conventicle_n mould_v and_o model_v according_a to_o her_o own_o mind_n produce_v instead_o of_o offer_n of_o reason_n nothing_o but_o impertinency_n in_o behalf_n of_o the_o image_n conclude_v upon_o adoration_n contrary_a to_o the_o judgement_n of_o all_o solid_a antiquity_n and_o the_o opposition_n then_o general_o make_v to_o a_o piece_n of_o such_o palpable_a impiety_n for_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o great_a convert_v a_o council_n at_o frankefort_n wherein_o that_o of_o nice_n be_v condemn_v be_v declare_v false_a and_o abusive_a and_o the_o decree_n touch_v image_n incassated_a and_o make_v null_n thus_o be_v their_o resolve_a adoration_n suppress_v but_o be_v that_o image_n be_v always_o continue_v in_o church_n this_o superstition_n whereunto_o the_o people_n be_v strong_o incline_v do_v at_o last_o recover_v itself_o and_o prevail_v this_o second_o council_n of_o nice_a be_v hold_v towards_o the_o year_n 790._o anno_fw-la 880._o pope_n adrian_n be_v the_o first_o that_o advise_v the_o canonization_n of_o saint_n imitate_v herein_o the_o apotheosis_n or_o consecration_n use_v among_o the_o roman_n under_o paganism_n a_o thing_n which_o till_o then_o be_v unheard_a of_o in_o the_o church_n the_o authority_n of_o canonise_a saint_n be_v afterward_o confirm_v by_o decree_n as_o we_o shall_v see_v in_o its_o proper_a place_n anno_fw-la 965._o pope_n john_n iv._o baptize_v the_o great_a bell_n of_o st._n john_n lateran_n in_o rome_n name_a it_o after_o his_o own_o name_n thence_o come_v the_o custom_n of_o baptise_v bell_n and_o give_v they_o name_n anno_fw-la 1000_o etc._n etc._n from_o the_o time_n above_o mention_v till_o about_o the_o year_n 1000_o those_o corruption_n be_v not_o only_o continue_v but_o likewise_o gradual_o multiply_v to_o the_o consecration_n of_o church_n they_o add_v sprinkle_v of_o holy_a water_n with_o a_o nosegay_n of_o hyssop_n pronounce_v these_o word_n of_o the_o psalmist_n attollite_fw-la portas_fw-la etc._n etc._n lift_v up_o your_o gate_n etc._n etc._n the_o bishop_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n rap_v at_o the_o gate_n with_o his_o pastoral-staff_n the_o mingle_n of_o the_o ash_n and_o water_n of_o the_o salt_n and_o the_o wine_n of_o exorcism_n of_o paint_a and_o grave_v character_n and_o certain_a confuse_a prayer_n final_o the_o anniversary_n feast_n of_o every_o church_n in_o memory_n of_o the_o day_n of_o its_o dedication_n and_o like_v as_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o eucharist_n be_v change_v into_o a_o sacrifice_n even_o so_o the_o priest_n which_o be_v call_v to_o preach_v the_o gospel_n be_v then_o ordain_v to_o sacrifice_n they_o begin_v to_o create_v they_o with_o these_o word_n accipe_fw-la potestatem_fw-la etc._n etc._n receive_v thou_o power_n to_o offer_v sacrifice_n to_o god_n to_o celebrate_v mass_n as_o well_o for_o the_o live_n as_o for_o the_o dead_a anno_fw-la 1003._o pope_n john_n nineteeen_o institute_v the_o feast_n of_o all-soul_n appoint_v it_o to_o be_v celebrate_v upon_o the_o morrow_n after_o all-saint_n anno_fw-la 1050._o but_o behold_v the_o sum_n of_o the_o whole_a matter_n that_o they_o may_v defend_v the_o sacrifice_n which_o they_o pretend_v to_o offer_v in_o the_o mass_n they_o behove_v to_o deny_v the_o whole_a essence_n of_o the_o sacrament_n and_o falsify_v and_o bely_v all_o that_o ever_o antiquity_n have_v believe_v in_o the_o case_n who_o sense_n and_o several_a judgement_n therein_o do_v here_o ensue_v s._n ignatius_n bishop_n of_o antioch_n and_o a_o disciple_n of_o the_o apostle_n in_o the_o 72_o d._n philadelph_n year_n of_o our_o lord_n express_v himself_o thus_o there_o be_v one_o only_a flesh_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n and_o one_o only_a blood_n which_o be_v shed_v for_o our_o sin_n one_o only_a bread_n also_o be_v break_v for_o we_o and_o one_o only_a cup_n be_v distribute_v to_o we_o can_v he_o possible_o make_v a_o more_o manifest_a opposition_n between_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n break_v upon_o the_o cross_n and_o the_o bread_n break_v in_o the_o supper_n justin_n martyr_n towards_o the_o year_n 130._o our_o christ_n have_v vouchsafe_v to_o make_v and_o use_v triph._n the_o sacramental_a bread_n in_o commemoration_n of_o his_o body_n form_v for_o such_o as_o believe_v in_o he_o for_o who_o sake_n he_o become_v passable_a the_o cup_n also_o he_o ordain_v to_o be_v make_v and_o use_v with_o thanksgiving_n in_o commemoration_n of_o his_o blood_n ireneus_fw-la bishop_n of_o lion_n in_o the_o year_n 160._o when_o once_o the_o chalice_n be_v fill_v 5._o and_o the_o bread_n be_v break_v have_v receive_v the_o benedictive_a word_n of_o god_n it_o become_v the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o body_n of_o christ_n whereby_o the_o substance_n of_o our_o flesh_n be_v augment_v and_o compound_v certain_o none_o can_v say_v that_o our_o flesh_n be_v augment_v nor_o compound_v of_o the_o real_a flesh_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n but_o only_o of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o bread_n which_o this_o father_n plain_o acknowledge_v to_o continue_v in_o the_o eucharist_n even_o after_o the_o consecration_n of_o the_o same_o clemens_n alexandrinus_n in_o the_o year_n 190._o christ_n take_v of_o the_o wine_n 2._o and_o bless_v the_o wine_n say_v take_v drink_v this_o be_v my_o blood_n the_o blood_n of_o the_o vine_n denominate_v by_o way_n of_o allegory_n the_o word_n which_o shed_v his_o blood_n for_o the_o remission_n of_o sin_n a_o sacred_a liquor_n of_o joy_n and_o gladness_n etc._n etc._n now_o that_o that_o which_o he_o bless_v be_v true_a wine_n he_o further_o show_v say_v to_o his_o disciple_n i_o will_v drink_v no_o more_o of_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o vine_n etc._n etc._n this_o very_a same_o reason_n do_v we_o urge_v to_o prove_v that_o they_o drink_v wine_n at_o the_o supper_n brief_o it_o be_v remarkable_a that_o he_o dispute_v against_o the_o encratites_n who_o hold_v the_o drink_n of_o wine_n to_o be_v unlawful_a allege_v for_o their_o conviction_n the_o example_n of_o jesus_n christ_n who_o drink_v wine_n at_o the_o supper_n which_o be_v a_o ridiculous_a argument_n if_o so_o be_v wine_n have_v cease_v to_o be_v wine_n after_o that_o christ_n have_v drink_v thereof_o tertullian_n in_o the_o year_n 205._o do_v thâ—s_n explain_v the_o word_n of_o jesus_n christ_n 19_o this_o be_v my_o body_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o figure_n of_o my_o body_n moreover_o jesus_n christ_n call_v bread_n his_o body_n to_o the_o end_n that_o thou_o may_v thereby_o understand_v that_o he_o appoint_v bread_n to_o be_v the_o figure_n of_o his_o body_n cyril_n 5._o bishop_n of_o jerusalem_n in_o the_o year_n 320._o declare_v to_o we_o that_o the_o flesh_n be_v now_o absent_a and_o that_o that_o which_o we_o be_v command_v to_o taste_v of_o be_v the_o figure_n of_o his_o body_n and_o blood_n eusebius_n bishop_n of_o caesarea_n 8._o say_v that_o our_o lord_n have_v teach_v we_o to_o serve_v he_o with_o bread_n as_o a_o sign_n of_o his_o body_n gregory_n bishop_n of_o nazianze_n in_o the_o year_n 350._o in_o his_o second_o oration_n concern_v easter_n speak_v thus_o of_o sacramental_a participation_n we_o partake_v indeed_o of_o the_o christian_n pass-ove_a in_o a_o figure_n albeit_o more_o clear_o than_o at_o the_o ancient_a pass-ove_a for_o the_o ancient_a pass-ove_a i_o dare_v say_v so_o be_v a_o more_o obscure_a figure_n of_o a_o figure_n macairus_n the_o
as_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o bohemia_n be_v through_o mean_n of_o their_o preach_a and_o doctrine_n reduce_v from_o obedience_n to_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o ceremony_n of_o the_o romish_a church_n the_o council_n of_o constance_n require_v king_n wenceslaus_n to_o send_v the_o say_a huss_n thither_o to_o who_o the_o emperor_n sigismond_n give_v very_o ample_a letter_n of_o safe-conduct_n to_o the_o end_n that_o he_o may_v not_o scruple_n to_o surrender_v himself_o yet_o notwithstanding_o without_o any_o regard_n have_v thereunto_o he_o be_v within_o twenty_o six_o day_n after_o his_o arrival_n commit_v to_o prison_n and_o after_o a_o hard_a and_o tedious_a incarceration_n most_o unjust_o condemn_v to_o be_v burn_v alive_a as_o a_o heretic_n howbeit_o he_o have_v clear_o demonstrate_v to_o they_o the_o truth_n of_o his_o doctrine_n by_o the_o word_n of_o god_n and_o the_o pregnant_a testimony_n of_o christian_a antiquity_n in_o pursuance_n whereof_o he_o maintain_v that_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v depart_v from_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o apostle_n in_o pursuit_n of_o the_o riches_n and_o delight_n of_o the_o world_n hunt_v after_o dominion_n and_o primacy_n embezel_v church-goods_a which_o do_v of_o proper_a right_n belong_v tâ—_n the_o poor_a in_o pomp_n and_o filthy_a and_o infamous_a expense_n confound_v herewith_o the_o ordinance_n of_o god_n or_o at_o leastwise_o guilty_a of_o a_o voluntary_a and_o deliberate_a contempt_n of_o the_o same_o that_o the_o pope_n have_v no_o such_o authority_n as_o he_o challenge_v over_o the_o church_n and_o that_o indulgence_n be_v null_a that_o the_o bread_n and_o the_o wine_n remain_v untransubstantiate_v in_o the_o supper_n and_o that_o the_o communion_n shall_v be_v equal_o distribute_v to_o all_o under_o both_o kind_n that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o purgatory_n that_o saint_n depart_v ought_v not_o to_o be_v invoke_v nor_o image_n worship_v and_o that_o all_o those_o thing_n with_o their_o like_a appendant_o have_v no_o other_o foundation_n than_o that_o of_o the_o corruption_n and_o vanity_n of_o a_o humane_a spirit_n parit_fw-la but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o truth_n do_v ever_o purchase_v hatred_n from_o the_o wicked_a as_o be_v natural_o averse_a and_o adverse_a thereunto_o this_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o that_o cruel_a usage_n which_o he_o meet_v withal_o from_o his_o enemy_n which_o he_o endure_v with_o a_o true_o christian-constancy_n rehearse_v as_o he_o be_v go_v to_o the_o place_n of_o execution_n or_o rather_o of_o triumph_n diverse_a verse_n of_o the_o psalm_n especial_o of_o the_o 31st_o and_o 51st_o and_o oftentimes_o these_o word_n take_v partly_o out_o of_o the_o 31st_o i_o recommend_v my_o spirit_n into_o thy_o hand_n for_o thou_o have_v redeem_v i_o lord_n jesus_n thou_o god_n of_o truth_n and_o as_o the_o executioner_n be_v set_v fire_n to_o the_o faggot_n he_o say_v three_o time_n with_o a_o strong_a and_o loud_a voice_n jesus_n christ_n thou_o son_n of_o the_o live_a god_n have_v mercy_n upon_o i_o thus_o do_v this_o holy_a martyr_n finish_v all_o his_o labour_n resign_v his_o soul_n to_o god_n upon_o the_o 6_o of_o july_n 1415._o that_o other_o faithful_a witness_n of_o the_o truth_n jerome_n of_o prague_n do_v likewise_o seal_v the_o same_o with_o his_o blood_n upon_o the_o 30_o of_o may_v 1416_o after_o many_o sharp_a conflict_n with_o his_o adversary_n who_o he_o confound_v and_o strike_v dumb_a with_o the_o same_o weapon_n namely_o the_o word_n of_o god_n and_o the_o testimony_n of_o the_o ancient_a doctor_n of_o the_o church_n be_v endue_v with_o a_o admirable_a eloquence_n and_o vigour_n of_o spirit_n aretin_n he_o encounter_v death_n with_o such_o a_o ecstasy_n of_o joy_n that_o when-as_a they_o begin_v to_o kindle_v the_o faggot_n he_o begin_v to_o sing_v divine_a praise_n with_o a_o holy_a hymn_n which_o by_o the_o very_a relation_n of_o aeneas_n silvius_n who_o be_v afterward_o pope_n call_v pius_n two_o and_o of_o pogius_n of_o florence_n who_o be_v one_o of_o the_o spectator_n he_o continue_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o flame_n till_o that_o his_o blissful_a soul_n take_v wing_n for_o heaven_n there_o to_o bear_v a_o part_n in_o the_o harmonious_a new_a song_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o its_o saviour_n and_o the_o company_n of_o angel_n and_o all_o the_o saint_n and_o faithful_a one_o who_o tear_n be_v all_o for_o ever_o wipe_v away_o in_o that_o beatisick_n sabbatism_n of_o glory_n and_o eternal_a bliss_n but_o what_o shall_v we_o say_v more_o for_o the_o time_n will_v fail_v we_o shall_v we_o instance_n in_o all_o who_o after_o those_o two_o saithful_a witness_n espouse_v the_o defence_n of_o the_o same_o truth_n which_o the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o have_v as_o they_o before_o they_o seal_v with_o their_o blood_n we_o behove_v to_o make_v mention_n of_o that_o great_a assembly_n of_o person_n at_o douai_n in_o the_o year_n 1421_o who_o hold_v the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o waldenses_n of_o who_o a_o great_a number_n as_o be_v report_v by_o monstrelet_n be_v sacrifice_v to_o the_o flame_n cent._n of_o william_n white_a and_o alexander_n fabrice_n englishman_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 1429_o write_v in_o the_o defence_n of_o wickliff_n doctrine_n which_o reynauld_n peacock_n bishop_n of_o chichester_n in_o like_a manner_n maintain_v in_o the_o year_n 1457._o siles_n we_o behove_v likewise_o to_o show_v that_o george_n poggebrach_n king_n of_o bohemia_n together_o with_o his_o subject_n own_v to_o the_o day_n of_o his_o death_n the_o profession_n of_o the_o truth_n against_o the_o determination_n of_o rome_n and_o that_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n stand_v incline_v to_o its_o defence_n likewise_o that_o in_o the_o year_n 1480_o vsperg_n john_n of_o vessalia_n basil_n of_o groningue_n stephen_n bralfer_n and_o paul_n notary_n of_o tubinge_v doctor_n in_o divinity_n do_v in_o like_a manner_n in_o germany_n withstand_v the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o romish-church_n for_o control_v of_o who_o vanity_n and_o many_o corruption_n i_o savonarole_n be_v burn_v at_o florence_n in_o the_o year_n 1498_o notwithstanding_o which_o john_n francis_n picus_n count_n of_o mirandula_n fail_v not_o to_o write_v in_o his_o behalf_n and_o in_o like_a manner_n to_o reprehend_v the_o very_a same_o abuse_n that_o in_o the_o year_n 1505_o paul_n scriptoris_fw-la do_v in_o his_o lecture_n in_o the_o university_n of_o tubinge_v public_o declaim_v against_o transubstantiation_n and_o that_o in_o the_o year_n 1507_o thomas_n more_o of_o brockford_n a_o englishman_n be_v burn_v at_o norwich_n for_o preach_v against_o the_o then_o prevail_a superstition_n of_o the_o church_n we_o behove_v moreover_o to_o produce_v that_o goodly_a confession_n present_v in_o the_o year_n 1508_o to_o king_n vladislaus_n by_o the_o persecute_a waldenses_n in_o hungary_n which_o be_v exact_o conformable_a to_o that_o of_o the_o protestant_n and_o reform_a church_n and_o likewise_o observe_v all_o that_o be_v record_v by_o that_o great_a lawyer_n charles_n du_fw-fr moulin_n in_o his_o history_n of_o the_o french_a monarchy_n on_o purpose_n to_o give_v the_o world_n to_o understand_v what_o reception_n the_o doctrine_n and_o life_n of_o those_o of_o cabrieres_n and_o merindol_n find_v with_o king_n lewis_n xii_o which_o give_v such_o ample_a satisfaction_n to_o that_o great_a prince_n as_o that_o upon_o the_o report_n therein_o make_v to_o he_o of_o the_o same_o he_o swear_v that_o they_o have_v more_o goodness_n and_o worth_n in_o they_o than_o himself_o and_o all_o his_o subject_n beside_o final_o we_o behove_v in_o like_a manner_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o that_o incomparable_a monarch_n to_o add_v how_o that_o after_o the_o example_n of_o philip_n the_o fair_a one_o of_o his_o predecessor_n he_o quell_v the_o sauciness_n and_o petulancy_n of_o julius_n two_o who_o have_v excommunicate_v he_o have_v assemble_v a_o council_n at_o pisa_n in_o order_n to_o the_o reform_v of_o the_o church_n both_o in_o its_o head_n and_o member_n and_o cause_v batter_v the_o golden_a species_n with_o this_o inscription_n perdam_fw-la babylonis_fw-la nomen_fw-la c_o a_o d._n i_o will_v utter_o destroy_v the_o name_n of_o babylon_n and_o have_v not_o injurious_a death_n sudden_o snatch_v he_o away_o he_o have_v undoubted_o put_v a_o happy_a essay_n to_o a_o thorough_a reformation_n but_o enough_o of_o that_o we_o be_v now_o arrive_v at_o anno_fw-la 1517._o martin_n luther_n together_o with_o those_o his_o contemporary_n who_o god_n raise_v up_o for_o the_o same_o work_n do_v in_o this_o year_n strike_v that_o great_a blow_n which_o do_v so_o mighty_o shake_v the_o papal_a power_n and_o restore_v to_o sovereign_a prince_n who_o heretofore_o tremble_v under_o the_o censure_n of_o rome_n ruin_n that_o lawful_a though_o control_v authority_n which_o they_o hold_v of_o none_o but_o god_n himself_o and_o this_o be_v so_o marvellous_a that_o after_o that_o time_n the_o great_a part_n of_o germany_n the_o