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many_o holy_a man_n seek_v a_o retreat_n for_o their_o devotion_n in_o britain_n so_o in_o these_o tumultuous_a time_n upon_o the_o same_o motive_n some_o be_v induce_v to_o retire_v out_o of_o britain_n into_o ireland_n bishop_n usher_n exemplify_v st._n petroc_n who_o bear_v in_o britain_n live_v in_o ireland_n to_o who_o care_n and_o instruction_n a_o youth_n of_o seven_o year_n of_o age_n call_v coemgen_o or_o kegnius_fw-la be_v there_o commit_v saint_n petroc_n be_v by_o nation_n a_o cambrian_a not_o a_o cimbrian_a as_o in_o the_o gallican_n martyrology_n be_v mistake_v bear_v of_o princely_a parent_n in_o wales_n and_o in_o his_o infancy_n do_v so_o well_o imitate_v the_o faith_n and_o virtue_n of_o st._n peter_n prince_n of_o the_o apostle_n that_o his_o name_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v be_v give_v he_o by_o divine_a inspiration_n as_o if_o god_n have_v destine_v he_o to_o be_v a_o rock_n on_o which_o the_o church_n of_o britain_n shall_v be_v build_v when_o the_o prince_n his_o father_n be_v dead_a the_o noble_n of_o the_o country_n with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o whole_a people_n be_v desirous_a he_o shall_v succeed_v in_o the_o royalty_n but_o he_o neglect_v worldly_a pomp_n assume_v with_o he_o 60_o companion_n and_o with_o they_o enter_v into_o a_o monastery_n and_o there_o undertake_v a_o monastical_a profession_n after_o some_o time_n there_o spend_v he_o go_v into_o ireland_n where_o for_o the_o space_n of_o 20_o year_n he_o addict_v himself_o to_o the_o study_n of_o good_a learning_n and_o the_o holy_a scripture_n great_a part_n of_o which_o time_n st._n coemegen_n be_v under_o his_o tuition_n now_o have_v in_o this_o space_n of_o time_n heap_v up_o a_o great_a treasure_n of_o learning_n under_o the_o most_o perfect_a teacher_n of_o that_o island_n he_o return_v into_o britain_n and_o in_o the_o province_n of_o corinia_n or_o cornwall_n intend_v to_o employ_v all_o that_o treasure_n
and_o tomb_n of_o saint_n because_o it_o have_v be_v build_v by_o the_o immediate_a disciple_n of_o our_o lord_n and_o to_o he_o dedicate_v as_o venerable_a antiquity_n do_v testify_v all_o which_o consider_v to_o deny_v so_o great_a a_o blessing_n confer_v on_o our_o nation_n must_v savour_v of_o passion_n and_o un-excusable_a partiality_n the_o time_n and_o occasion_n of_o st._n joseph_n arrival_n here_o and_o the_o particular_a act_n of_o he_o and_o his_o companion_n after_o so_o many_o year_n of_o change_n and_o alteration_n can_v beful_o accountable_a the_o time_n in_o all_o likelihood_n be_v when_o suetonius_n paulinus_n be_v praetor_n here_o and_o when_o policletus_n favourite_n to_o nero_n come_v hither_o with_o his_o retinue_n the_o occasion_n of_o his_o come_n be_v less_o certain_a some_o write_v that_o st._n joseph_n be_v send_v hither_o by_o st._n philip_n the_o apostle_n or_o evangelist_n ground_v their_o opinion_n from_o procalphius_n who_o speak_v little_a to_o that_o purpose_n tradition_n inform_v we_o that_o st._n joseph_n at_o his_o first_o come_v address_v himself_o to_o arviragus_n than_o king_n of_o the_o britain_n and_o say_v to_o be_v the_o founder_n of_o the_o university_n of_o oxford_n by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o augur_n or_o prophet_n name_v olenus_n calenus_n from_o who_o it_o be_v first_o call_v calena_n and_o although_o arviragus_n do_v not_o submit_v to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o st._n joseph_n yet_o he_o give_v he_o leave_v to_o publish_v it_o in_o peace_n so_o well_o be_v he_o prepare_v to_o the_o entertainment_n of_o divine_a truth_n by_o humane_a education_n nay_o he_o be_v also_o please_v to_o afford_v joseph_n and_o his_o companion_n a_o place_n of_o retreat_n not_o only_o commodious_a for_o their_o devotion_n but_o sufficient_a for_o their_o sustenance_n call_v by_o the_o britain_n the_o glassey-island_n or_o avallonia_n in_o which_o certain_a land_n be_v allot_v both_o by_o arviragus_n and_o his_o son_n marius_n contain_v about_o 12_o hide_n for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o those_o godly_a person_n be_v the_o first_o of_o ground_n in_o this_o island_n dedicate_v to_o the_o service_n of_o god_n and_o after_o call_v godney_n the_o first_o thing_n these_o new_a inhabitant_n undertake_v be_v to_o build_v and_o consecrate_v a_o church_n for_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n which_o they_o dedicate_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o most_o bless_a virgin_n mary_n and_o as_o be_v affirm_v among_o other_o thing_n relate_v to_o glastonbury_n monastery_n in_o a_o epistle_n of_o st._n patrick_n who_o die_v there_o be_v consecrate_a miraculous_o by_o our_o bless_a lord_n himself_o to_o the_o honour_n of_o his_o mother_n this_o wonderful_a consecration_n be_v more_o full_o declare_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o the_o illustrious_a bishop_n of_o st._n david_n the_o extirpator_n of_o pelagianisme_n out_o of_o britain_n as_o have_v be_v collect_v out_o of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o glastonbury_n by_o willià m_fw-la of_o malmsbury_n to_o this_o effect_n follow_v that_o st._n david_n with_o other_o bishop_n come_v to_o glastonbury_n invite_v by_o the_o sanctity_n of_o the_o place_n resolve_v to_o consecrate_v the_o church_n there_o former_o erect_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o mother_n of_o god_n and_o have_v provide_v all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o that_o purpose_n the_o night_n before_o his_o intend_a ceremony_n our_o bless_a lord_n appear_v to_o st._n david_n in_o his_o sleep_n and_o demand_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o come_n thither_o which_o st._n david_n forthwith_o declare_v whereupon_o our_o lord_n take_v he_o by_o the_o hand_n tell_v he_o that_o he_o himself_o many_o year_n before_o have_v dedicate_v the_o say_a church_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o his_o mother_n and_o that_o that_o holy_a ceremony_n be_v not_o to_o be_v profane_v by_o any_o man_n repeat_v and_o have_v say_v this_o with_o his_o finger_n pierce_v through_o the_o bishop_n hand_n tell_v he_o this_o shall_v be_v a_o sign_n that_o what_o himself_o have_v former_o anticipate_v ought_v not_o again_o to_o be_v renew_v and_o withal_o promise_v he_o that_o when_o the_o say_a bishop_n the_o next_o day_n at_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o mass_n shall_v pronounce_v the_o word_n per_fw-la ipsum_fw-la &_o cum_fw-la ipso_fw-la &_o in_o ipsoâ—â—_n his_o hand_n shall_v be_v restore_v sound_n to_o he_o the_o bishop_n awake_v find_v his_o hand_n pierce_v and_o other_o see_v and_o touch_v the_o wound_n with_o great_a admiration_n and_o the_o preparation_n for_o the_o consecration_n be_v lay_v aside_o and_o during_o the_o celebration_n of_o mass_n the_o bishop_n hand_n become_v sound_a the_o sum_n of_o what_o have_v hitherto_o be_v here_o relate_v be_v repeat_v by_o st._n augustine_n the_o convertor_n of_o our_o nation_n in_o a_o epistle_n of_o he_o to_o st._n gregory_n the_o great_a and_o by_o copgrave_n in_o the_o life_n of_o st._n joseph_n and_o be_v further_o testify_v by_o a_o ancient_a inscription_n cut_v in_o brass_n fasten_v to_o a_o pillar_n in_o the_o same_o church_n declare_v in_o effect_n what_o have_v be_v say_v already_o this_o inscription_n be_v record_v by_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n in_o his_o collection_n of_o counsel_n and_o yet_o by_o he_o pretend_v to_o be_v fabulous_a first_o he_o doubt_n whether_o any_o christian_a church_n be_v erect_v so_o early_o which_o doubt_n be_v certain_o groundless_a unless_o he_o mean_v such_o magnificent_a structure_n as_o have_v be_v build_v since_o christianity_n have_v be_v public_o cherish_v and_o countenance_v but_o that_o even_o under_o the_o harrow_n of_o persecution_n the_o christian_n make_v shift_v to_o erect_v or_o assign_v place_n to_o meet_v in_o and_o perform_v the_o rite_n and_o duty_n of_o religion_n be_v attest_v by_o all_o ecclesiastical_a history_n second_o if_o church_n be_v build_v yet_o they_o be_v not_o encompass_v with_o ground_n for_o burial_n before_o st._n cuthbert_n be_v time_n burial_n within_o city_n be_v forbid_v by_o the_o roman_a law_n sure_o this_o be_v a_o false_a conceit_n for_o king_n ethelbert_n and_o his_o bishop_n st._n augustine_n before_o st._n cuthbert_n day_n be_v bury_v in_o the_o church_n of_o st._n peter_n and_o st._n paul_n at_o canterbury_n constantine_n the_o first_o christian_a emperor_n be_v bury_v among_o the_o relic_n and_o bone_n of_o the_o apostle_n and_o martyr_n and_o as_o for_o the_o roman_a law_n forbid_v burial_n in_o city_n it_o be_v antiquate_v long_o before_o this_o however_o glastonbury_n be_v no_o city_n scarce_o a_o village_n rather_o a_o desert_n far_o from_o rome_n and_o under_o the_o dominion_n of_o british_a prince_n wellwisher_n to_o christianity_n and_o the_o simplicity_n thereof_o in_o those_o day_n three_o dedication_n of_o church_n be_v not_o then_o in_o use_n doubtless_o many_o ceremony_n and_o solemnity_n have_v be_v add_v by_o the_o church_n but_o as_o certain_o the_o house_n or_o place_n which_o the_o most_o primitive_a christian_n assign_v for_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n be_v by_o some_o ceremony_n dedicate_v to_o that_o use_n as_o by_o erect_v a_o title_n fix_v a_o cross_n etc._n etc._n as_o the_o most_o ancient_a record_n testify_v but_o last_o that_o which_o most_o displease_v sir_n hen._n be_v the_o dedication_n of_o this_o church_n to_o the_o bless_a virgin_n for_o he_o think_v such_o a_o kind_n of_o devotion_n be_v not_o think_v of_o until_o many_o age_n after_o but_o then_o he_o must_v forget_v the_o tradition_n of_o spain_n attest_v in_o all_o their_o liturgy_n and_o many_o of_o their_o council_n that_o from_o the_o first_o entrance_n of_o christianity_n into_o that_o kingdom_n several_a church_n have_v be_v erect_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o that_o bless_a virgin_n witness_v that_o most_o famous_a temple_n at_o saragosa_n call_v dell_n pilar_n celebrate_v above_o 1000_o year_n since_o by_o st._n maximus_n bishop_n of_o that_o city_n in_o several_a hymn_n by_o he_o compose_v in_o honour_n of_o that_o venerable_a house_n call_v angelical_a because_o the_o pillar_n on_o which_o the_o virgin_n statue_n be_v fix_v be_v think_v to_o be_v bring_v thither_o by_o the_o ministry_n of_o angel_n after_o the_o death_n of_o arviragus_n marius_n his_o son_n succeed_v he_o in_o the_o british_a throne_n resemble_v his_o father_n as_o in_o courage_n and_o other_o princelike_a virtue_n so_o also_o in_o his_o kindness_n to_o these_o holy_a stranger_n this_o marius_n be_v report_v to_o have_v have_v a_o great_a victory_n over_o the_o pict_n who_o be_v doubtless_o no_o other_o than_o the_o northern_a britain_n then_o unconquered_a and_o consequent_o uncivilise_v by_o the_o roman_n but_o who_o remain_v in_o their_o barbarous_a custom_n of_o paint_v their_o body_n get_v a_o new_a name_n of_o pict_n after_o the_o death_n of_o this_o marius_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o coilus_n his_o son_n our_o st._n joseph_n be_v say_v to_o end_v his_o labour_n and_o mortality_n in_o the_o 82_o of_o our_o lord_n and_o second_o year_n of_o
the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n titus_n after_o the_o death_n of_o nero_n cruel_a to_o himself_o his_o own_o mother_n the_o poor_a christian_n and_o indeed_o to_o all_o mankind_n and_o the_o barbarous_a extinguisher_n of_o those_o two_o most_o glorious_a light_n then_o shine_v in_o the_o world_n st._n peter_n and_o st._n paul_n the_o family_n of_o the_o caesar_n fail_v four_o emperor_n be_v set_v up_o and_o pull_v down_o within_o the_o space_n of_o two_o year_n vespasian_n only_o except_v who_o become_v conqueror_n at_o last_o settle_v the_o empire_n and_o restore_v peace_n the_o roman_n in_o britain_n be_v unconcern_v in_o these_o broil_n and_o be_v well_o affect_v to_o vespasian_n who_o by_o his_o deputy_n frontinus_n place_v a_o legion_n in_o caerleon_n st._n joseph_n after_o a_o solitary_a life_n lead_v at_o glastonbury_n where_o he_o seem_v to_o institute_n a_o monastical_a profession_n with_o his_o say_a companion_n and_o such_o other_o holy_a person_n as_o he_o and_o their_o labour_n have_v convert_v to_o the_o faith_n die_v their_o about_o the_o say_v 82_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n incarnation_n and_o be_v bury_v at_o glastonbury_n as_o his_o companion_n also_o be_v in_o or_o near_o the_o church_n build_v by_o he_o where_o since_o innumerable_a convert_v and_o christian_n have_v be_v inter_v it_o be_v think_v the_o body_n of_o this_o renown_a saint_n be_v deposit_v in_o a_o cave_n over_o which_o a_o chapel_n be_v after_o build_v to_o his_o honour_n as_o this_o epitaph_n there_o find_v import_v ad_fw-la britones_n veni_fw-la post_fw-la quam_fw-la christum_fw-la sepelivi_fw-la dorni_n requievi_fw-la his_o relic_n not_o have_v be_v discover_v some_o devout_a person_n in_o the_o day_n of_o edward_n the_o iii_o obtain_v leave_v to_o search_v for_o they_o the_o patent_n for_o that_o purpose_n be_v yet_o extant_a to_o this_o effect_n that_o a_o supplication_n have_v be_v make_v by_o john_n blome_n of_o london_n wherein_o he_o affirm_v that_o he_o have_v receive_v a_o command_n from_o heaven_n diligent_o to_o seek_v till_o he_o can_v find_v the_o body_n of_o the_o noble_a councillor_n joseph_n of_o arimathaea_n which_o repose_v in_o christ_n within_o the_o limit_n of_o glastonbury_n monastery_n and_o which_o for_o the_o saint_n honour_n be_v to_o be_v discover_v in_o those_o time_n and_o for_o that_o it_o appear_v by_o ancient_a record_n that_o his_o body_n be_v there_o bury_v the_o say_a king_n if_o so_o desirous_a to_o bestow_v due_a honour_n to_o the_o monument_n and_o venerable_a relic_n of_o he_o who_o express_v so_o great_a piety_n and_o charity_n to_o our_o die_a redeemer_n that_o he_o take_v his_o body_n from_o the_o cross_n and_o place_v it_o ina_fw-la new_a monument_n which_o he_o have_v build_v for_o himself_o and_o hope_v that_o by_o the_o reveal_n of_o his_o holy_a relic_n great_a grace_n and_o favour_n shall_v be_v show_v by_o god_n to_o he_o and_o his_o kingdom_n do_v give_v and_o grant_v permission_n as_o much_o as_o in_o he_o lay_v to_o the_o say_v john_n blome_n to_o dig_v where_o he_o shall_v find_v it_o expedient_a within_o the_o precinct_n of_o the_o say_a monastery_n in_o order_n to_o the_o search_v out_o of_o the_o say_v precious_a relic_n according_a to_o the_o injunction_n and_o revelation_n make_v unto_o he_o provide_v he_o do_v it_o with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o abbot_n and_o without_o prejudice_n to_o the_o monastery_n what_o be_v find_v upon_o this_o search_n do_v not_o appear_v but_o the_o piety_n and_o devotion_n of_o the_o king_n may_v be_v easy_o collect_v the_o same_o monument_n which_o inform_v we_o of_o the_o life_n death_n and_o burial_n of_o st._n joseph_n at_o glastonbury_n as_o a_o unquestionable_a tradition_n in_o all_o age_n agree_v unto_o by_o britain_n saxon_n dane_n and_o norman_n do_v likewise_o testify_v that_o he_o bring_v with_o he_o into_o britain_n two_o silver_n vessel_n fill_v with_o the_o blood_n of_o our_o saviour_n christ_n which_o be_v bury_v with_o he_o in_o his_o tomb_n several_a proof_n hereof_o be_v extant_a even_o to_o the_o day_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n among_o other_o the_o narration_n of_o william_n good_a a_o jesuit_n who_o be_v bear_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o 8_o and_o breed_v up_o in_o his_o childhood_n at_o glastonbury_n and_o affirm_v that_o in_o his_o time_n certain_a brass-plate_n be_v engrave_v to_o perpetuate_v the_o memory_n of_o these_o thing_n as_o also_o chapel_n grot_n cross_n arm_n and_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o festival_n of_o st._n joseph_n on_o the_o six_o of_o the_o calends_o of_o august_n which_o remain_v as_o long_o as_o the_o monk_n enjoy_v the_o charter_n of_o their_o munificent_a and_o royal_a benefactor_n but_o be_v now_o bury_v in_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o place_n he_o confess_v never_o any_o monk_n know_v the_o certain_a place_n of_o this_o saint_n sepulchre_n the_o common_a report_n be_v it_o be_v extreme_o deep_a under_o ground_n somewhere_o in_o or_o about_o hambdenhill_n but_o when_o ever_o the_o saint_n body_n shall_v be_v find_v multitude_n will_v resort_v to_o it_o invite_v with_o the_o great_a and_o innumerable_a miracle_n which_o shall_v be_v there_o wrought_v he_o remember_v to_o have_v see_v upon_o a_o stone-cross_n which_o be_v demolish_v in_o queen_n elizabeth_n day_n a_o plate_n of_o brass_n on_o which_o be_v write_v that_o in_o the_o 30_o year_n after_o the_o passion_n of_o our_o lord_n joseph_n of_o arimathaea_n with_o 11_o or_o 12_o companion_n come_v into_o britain_n and_o be_v permit_v by_o king_n arvitagus_n to_o abide_v at_o glaston_n then_o call_v avallonia_n like_o solitary_a man_n and_o that_o he_o bring_v with_o he_o two_o small_a silver_n vessel_n of_o the_o sacred_a blood_n and_o water_n which_o flow_v out_o of_o christ_n side_n after_o his_o death_n and_o that_o a_o cross_n be_v there_o erect_v many_o year_n before_o to_o show_v the_o length_n of_o the_o chapel_n which_o st._n joseph_n build_v of_o wail_v rod_n of_o the_o most_o holy_a virgin_n on_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o wall_n of_o which_o chapel_n be_v engrave_v in_o ancient_a character_n jesus_n maria_z there_o be_v then_o other_o remark_n and_o footstep_n of_o these_o truth_n to_o be_v there_o find_v now_o that_o st._n joseph_n and_o nicodemus_n also_o with_o due_a veneration_n gather_v the_o blood_n of_o our_o lord_n which_o for_o many_o age_n be_v pious_o worship_v by_o devout_a christian_n both_o in_o the_o east_n and_o west_n be_v testify_v by_o divers_a ancient_a history_n and_o martyrology_n and_o to_o this_o purpose_n it_o be_v remarkable_a what_o matthew_n paris_n have_v relate_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n god_n 1247._o namely_o that_o then_o the_o master_n of_o the_o temple_n and_o hospital_n of_o st._n john_n of_o jerusalem_n send_v a_o certain_a portion_n of_o the_o blood_n of_o our_o lord_n shed_v upon_o the_o cross_n in_o a_o most_o beautiful_a crystal_n glass_n by_o a_o brother_n of_o the_o temple_n which_o present_a be_v confirm_v by_o the_o then_o patriarch_n of_o jerusalem_n by_o archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n and_o other_o prelate_n and_o nobleman_n then_o dwell_v in_o the_o holy-land_n the_o say_a historian_n further_o declare_v at_o large_a with_o what_o honour_n and_o reverence_n this_o holy_a treasure_n be_v entertain_v by_o king_n henry_n the_o iii_o and_o his_o whole_a clergy_n and_o nobility_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o give_v satisfaction_n to_o doubt_v mind_n robert_n grosthead_n bishop_n of_o lincoln_n the_o glory_n of_o that_o age_n for_o piety_n and_o learning_n afford_v we_o a_o large_a narration_n of_o the_o fact_n to_o the_o effect_n follow_v that_o joseph_n of_o arimathaea_n a_o noble_a counsellor_n and_o one_o of_o the_o hearer_n of_o jesus_n or_o his_o disciple_n rather_o out_o of_o tender_a compassion_n be_v very_o solicitous_a how_o his_o venerable_a body_n may_v be_v preserve_v from_o the_o rage_n of_o the_o jew_n howbeit_o both_o he_o and_o nicodemus_n and_o other_o rich_a man_n though_o most_o cordial_a lover_n of_o jesus_n yet_o conceal_v their_o affection_n for_o fear_n of_o their_o estate_n nevertheless_o when_o jesus_n be_v crucified_a joseph_n go_v bold_o to_o pilate_n and_o beg_v the_o body_n of_o jesus_n and_o by_o pilate_n be_v permission_n notwithstanding_o the_o murmur_a of_o the_o jew_n with_o all_o due_a honour_n and_o reverence_n take_v down_o the_o most_o holy_a body_n from_o the_o cross_n all_o mangle_a and_o bloody_a and_o with_o a_o fine_a linen-cloth_n devout_o and_o careful_o wipe_v the_o sacred_a wound_n as_o yet_o moist_a and_o distil_a and_o have_v draw_v the_o nail_n out_o of_o the_o wound_n he_o wipe_v and_o cleanse_v they_o at_o the_o cross_n and_o then_o carry_v the_o body_n from_o golgotha_n he_o lay_v it_o in_o a_o new_a tomb_n where_o never_o any_o body_n have_v be_v lay_v and_o which_o be_v decent_o cut_v out_o of_o
son_n constantine_n build_v unto_o her_o honour_n a_o magnificent_a sepulchre_n or_o mausoleum_n where_o in_o a_o tomb_n of_o porphyry_n he_o lay_v her_o bless_a body_n situate_a in_o the_o highway_n call_v lavicana_n between_o two_o lawrel-tree_n her_o body_n afterward_o if_o we_o will_v believe_v the_o gallican_n martyrology_n be_v remove_v into_o a_o monastery_n in_o france_n and_o there_o continue_v illustrious_a by_o many_o miracle_n in_o the_o church_n of_o the_o holy_a cross_n at_o rome_n ancient_o call_v the_o church_n of_o st._n helena_n a_o illustrious_a monument_n be_v erect_v in_o memory_n of_o she_o and_o the_o like_a be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o naples_n this_o island_n wherein_o this_o noble_a empress_n be_v bear_v have_v not_o be_v ungrateful_a to_o her_o memory_n the_o monument_n of_o she_o and_o all_o other_o raise_v by_o the_o britain_n have_v be_v consume_v by_o age_n but_o even_o the_o saxon_n when_o once_o convert_v to_o christianity_n leave_v many_o monument_n and_o express_v of_o their_o devout_a respect_n to_o this_o british_a lady_n by_o consecrate_v church_n in_o memory_n of_o she_o witness_n hellenstone_n in_o berkshire_n and_o several_a church_n dedicate_v in_o this_o saint_n name_v in_o london_n and_o many_o other_o place_n constantine_n continue_v his_o zeal_n against_o pagan_a idolatry_n and_o make_v severe_a law_n against_o heathenish_a sacrifice_n overthrow_v the_o most_o celebrate_a of_o the_o idol-temple_n neither_o be_v he_o want_v to_o establish_v the_o church_n peace_n by_o publish_v severe_a edict_n against_o all_o sort_n of_o heretic_n and_o their_o assembly_n mingle_v with_o such_o persuasive_a exhortation_n that_o many_o of_o they_o acknowledge_v their_o error_n return_v to_o the_o communion_n of_o the_o catholic_n church_n yet_o this_o holy_a emperor_n be_v seduce_v by_o the_o craft_n of_o eusebius_n bishop_n of_o nicomedia_n the_o pillar_n of_o the_o arrian_n faction_n he_o begin_v to_o be_v displease_v with_o st._n athanasius_n then_o bishop_n of_o alexandria_n his_o sister_n constantia_n check_v he_o at_o her_o death_n with_o his_o severity_n to_o the_o arrian_n who_o she_o account_v innocent_a person_n upon_o this_o the_o emperor_n write_v a_o threaten_a letter_n to_o athanasius_n enjoin_v he_o to_o receive_v arrius_n but_o be_v after_o inform_v that_o this_o arrius_n still_o persist_v in_o his_o heresy_n and_o without_o any_o repentance_n oppose_v the_o council_n of_o nice_a the_o good_a emperor_n no_o long_o insist_v upon_o his_o reception_n and_o not_o only_o stick_v to_o athanasius_n against_o the_o miletian_o but_o turn_v his_o anger_n against_o the_o say_a eusebius_n his_o chief_a enemy_n who_o he_o banish_v with_o other_o confederate_a bishop_n from_o their_o see_z though_o soon_o after_o upon_o the_o inauguration_n of_o his_o new_a city_n constantinople_n as_o object_n of_o his_o clemency_n he_o think_v fit_a to_o restore_v they_o this_o city_n be_v say_v to_o be_v consecrate_a to_o our_o lord_n and_o his_o immaculate_a mother_n with_o the_o offering_n of_o the_o unbloody_a sacrifice_n and_o prayer_n and_o then_o a_o statue_n be_v erect_v for_o constantine_n in_o a_o public_a place_n upon_o a_o pillar_n of_o porphyry_n hold_v in_o his_o right_a hand_n a_o golden_a apple_n on_o which_o be_v place_v the_o holy_a cross_n with_o this_o inscription_n to_o thou_o o_o christ_n our_o lord_n i_o commend_v this_o city_n eusebius_n write_v that_o constantine_n adorn_v his_o new_a city_n especial_o with_o magnisicent_a church_n consecrate_a to_o holy_a martyr_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v st._n moscus_n st._n agathonicus_fw-la st._n menna_n and_o st._n acatius_n one_o church_n he_o build_v in_o a_o place_n there_o former_o dedicate_v to_o vesta_n and_o call_v it_o st._n michael_n from_o a_o apparition_n of_o that_o holy_a archangel_n in_o which_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o holy_a cross_n there_o erect_v many_o miracle_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v wrought_v one_o of_o which_o i_o can_v omit_v viz._n that_o a_o soldier_n of_o the_o emperor_n guard_n probianus_n by_o name_n afflict_v with_o grievous_a torment_n in_o his_o foot_n not_o only_o receive_v ease_n in_o that_o place_n but_o be_v also_o honour_v with_o a_o wonderful_a and_o divine_a vision_n he_o be_v convert_v to_o christianity_n and_o thorough_o satisfy_v with_o all_o point_n of_o that_o religion_n yet_o he_o can_v never_o be_v persuade_v that_o the_o holy_a cross_n can_v be_v any_o wise_a instrumental_a to_o the_o salvation_n of_o mankind_n be_v thus_o persuade_v the_o image_n of_o the_o cross_n be_v present_v to_o he_o in_o a_o vision_n as_o it_o be_v usual_o set_v on_o the_o altar_n of_o that_o church_n and_o in_o the_o same_o vision_n it_o be_v declare_v to_o he_o manifest_o that_o what_o thing_n soever_o have_v be_v perform_v either_o by_o angel_n or_o holy_a man_n for_o the_o public_a or_o private_a profit_n of_o man_n since_o christ_n be_v crucify_a be_v not_o right_o perform_v but_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o save_v cross_n constantine_n be_v not_o want_v rich_o to_o endow_v the_o church_n he_o have_v build_v he_o cause_v copy_n of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n to_o be_v curious_o write_v in_o parchment_n rich_o adorn_v which_o he_o disperse_v and_o place_v in_o his_o say_a church_n he_o encourage_v the_o professor_n of_o all_o art_n and_o science_n so_o as_o learning_n flourish_v in_o his_o city_n he_o endeavour_v to_o make_v it_o equal_a with_o old_a rome_n by_o place_v senator_n there_o with_o the_o same_o honour_n and_o authority_n and_o many_o of_o they_o professor_n of_o christianity_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o this_o serene_a calm_a a_o sharp_a storm_n sell_v upon_o the_o good_a athanasius_n principal_a defender_n of_o the_o nicene_n faith_n for_o the_o restless_a malice_n of_o the_o arrian_n prick_v they_o on_o to_o accuse_v he_o false_o of_o break_v a_o chalice_n of_o murder_n of_o enchantment_n with_o his_o dead_a hand_n of_o adultery_n by_o violence_n etc._n etc._n his_o cause_n be_v examine_v in_o a_o synod_n of_o bishop_n assemble_v at_o tyre_n by_o who_o to_o the_o great_a astonishment_n of_o conslantine_n the_o good_a athanasius_n though_o in_o all_o particular_n his_o innocency_n be_v evident_o declare_v be_v yet_o unjust_o condemn_v and_o by_o the_o importunity_n of_o constantius_n the_o emperor_n son_n infect_v with_o that_o poisonous_a arrian_n heresy_n banish_v into_o the_o west_n or_o rather_o advisd_v to_o withdraw_v himself_o to_o avoid_v the_o impetuous_a clamour_n of_o the_o arrian_n against_o he_o for_o he_o retire_v to_o trier_n in_o france_n where_o by_o the_o emperor_n order_n he_o want_v nothing_o now_o that_o this_o be_v not_o consent_v unto_o by_o constantine_n as_o in_o any_o wise_a waver_a in_o the_o faith_n may_v appear_v by_o this_o follow_a relation_n constantine_n desire_v to_o be_v satisfy_v what_o the_o opinion_n of_o arrius_n true_o be_v ask_v he_o whether_o he_o do_v approve_v the_o decree_n of_o the_o nicene_n council_n he_o present_o with_o a_o cheerful_a countenance_n answer_v that_o he_o approve_v they_o the_o emperor_n not_o satisfy_v with_o this_o affirmation_n urge_v he_o to_o confirm_v it_o by_o a_o oath_n to_o which_o likewise_o he_o comply_v but_o all_o this_o be_v impious_a craft_n and_o subtlety_n for_o whilst_o he_o make_v this_o profession_n and_o oath_n he_o have_v in_o his_o bosom_n a_o paper_n contain_v his_o heresy_n and_o swear_v from_o his_o heart_n he_o believe_v what_o he_o have_v write_v reser_v still_o to_o that_o paper_n constantine_n never_o the_o less_o warn_v he_o that_o if_o his_o faith_n be_v true_a and_o orthodox_n he_o have_v swear_v well_o but_o if_o otherwise_o god_n say_v he_o may_v condemn_v thou_o for_o thy_o perjury_n however_o constantine_n be_v delude_v with_o this_o equivocation_n send_v to_o the_o pishop_n of_o alexandria_n to_o receive_v the_o hypocrite_n into_o communion_n but_o we_o shall_v present_o see_v how_o god_n discover_v miraculous_o the_o impiousness_n of_o arrius_n and_o true_a faith_n of_o constantine_n for_o alexander_n bishop_n of_o constantinople_n not_o willing_a to_o admit_v the_o arch-heretick_n but_o solicitous_a for_o the_o true_a faith_n more_o than_o for_o his_o bishopric_n which_o some_o threat_v n_v to_o deprive_v he_o of_o lay_v prostrate_a several_a day_n and_o night_n before_o his_o altar_n and_o pray_v to_o god_n that_o if_o the_o opinion_n of_o arrius_n be_v true_a he_o may_v die_v before_o the_o day_n of_o disputation_n come_v but_o in_o case_n the_o faith_n which_o he_o profess_v be_v true_a then_o that_o arrius_n the_o author_n of_o all_o those_o calamity_n may_v suffer_v just_a punishment_n for_o his_o impiety_n which_o prayer_n it_o seem_v be_v soon_o hear_v for_o arrius_n in_o his_o way_n to_o the_o church_n use_v many_o vain_a and_o boast_a babble_n be_v on_o a_o sudden_a sorce_v to_o retire_v to_o a_o common_a privy_a to_o ease_v himself_o where_o as_o be_v write_v of_o judas_n
the_o catholic_n bishop_n in_o the_o synod_n unanimous_o subscribe_v to_o this_o definition_n wherein_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o although_o it_o be_v ground_v on_o the_o holy_a scripture_n yet_o those_o scripture_n be_v interpret_v by_o the_o successive_a tradition_n of_o the_o church_n whereas_o what_o the_o faction_n of_o the_o arrian_n separately_z decree_v according_a to_o the_o practice_n of_o other_o heretic_n agree_v only_o with_o the_o bare_a word_n of_o scripture_n by_o themselves_o interpret_v for_o as_o athanasius_n write_v in_o a_o creed_n make_v by_o they_o they_o profess_v the_o son_n of_o god_n to_o be_v like_o the_o father_n who_o beget_v he_o who_o generation_n according_a to_o the_o scripture_n no_o man_n know_v but_o the_o father_n only_o as_o for_o the_o word_n substance_n it_o be_v simple_o set_v down_o by_o the_o father_n not_o understand_v by_o the_o people_n and_o occasion_v great_a scandal_n in_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v not_o express_o contain_v in_o the_o scripture_n they_o decree_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v quite_o abolish_v and_o that_o for_o the_o future_a no_o mention_n shall_v be_v make_v of_o the_o substance_n of_o god_n because_o the_o holy_a scripture_n never_o mention_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o father_n and_o the_o son_n but_o they_o say_v that_o the_o son_n be_v in_o all_o thing_n like_o the_o father_n as_o the_o scripture_n in_o their_o judgement_n teach_v now_o when_o the_o arrian_n bishop_n of_o who_o valens_n and_o vrsacius_n be_v chief_a see_v that_o they_o can_v not_o impose_v upon_o the_o western_a bishop_n they_o separated_z themselves_o from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o council_n and_o be_v thereupon_o pronounce_v by_o the_o unanimous_a suffrage_n of_o the_o orthodox_n bishop_n to_o be_v heretic_n and_o exclude_v from_o the_o communion_n of_o the_o church_n which_o do_v the_o council_n by_o common_a letter_n inform_v the_o emperor_n of_o all_o these_o thing_n and_o whereas_o the_o arrian_n bishop_n to_o induce_v the_o catholic_n to_o comply_v with_o they_o argue_v that_o peace_n and_o unity_n will_v be_v restore_v to_o the_o church_n in_o case_n catholic_n shall_v relinquish_v that_o one_o word_n substance_n they_o therefore_o in_o their_o say_a letter_n insert_v that_o it_o be_v not_o as_o valens_n and_o ursacius_n affirm_v that_o peace_n will_v follow_v by_o the_o subversion_n of_o thing_n just_a and_o true_a but_o that_o rather_o more_o contention_n will_v arise_v both_o at_o rome_n and_o other_o city_n they_o therefore_o pray_v that_o the_o council_n may_v be_v dissolve_v consider_v the_o poverty_n age_n and_o infirmity_n of_o many_o bishop_n in_o it_o constantius_n thus_o frustrate_v in_o his_o design_n of_o introduce_v his_o arrian_n misbelief_n into_o the_o western_a church_n break_v forth_o into_o open_a tyranny_n some_o of_o the_o catholic_n bishop_n he_o shut_v up_o in_o prison_n other_o he_o afflict_v with_o famine_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o despightful_a usuage_n not_o suffer_v any_o to_o depart_v until_o they_o have_v subscribe_v a_o form_n of_o faith_n wherein_o though_o nothing_o heretical_a be_v express_v yet_o the_o true_a faith_n be_v at_o least_o dissemble_v consequent_o the_o arrian_n faction_n prevail_v in_o power_n through_o the_o whole_a empire_n constantius_n create_v gallus_n his_o uncle_n son_n caesar_n and_o three_o year_n after_o behead_v he_o for_o his_o cruelty_n and_o enormous_a crime_n and_o the_o next_o year_n assume_v into_o the_o same_o dignity_n and_o succession_n of_o the_o empire_n julian_n young_a brother_n to_o gallus_n call_v the_o apostate_n he_o he_o send_v into_o gaul_n to_o repress_v the_o eruption_n of_o the_o frank_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o government_n trouble_v arise_v in_o britain_n by_o the_o excursion_n of_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n he_o send_v over_o lupicinus_n to_o compose_v they_o who_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o winter_n go_v with_o his_o army_n to_o london_n but_o can_v not_o perform_v any_o considerable_a exploit_n against_o his_o enemy_n for_o that_o julian_n who_o be_v proclaim_v emperor_n by_o his_o army_n be_v jealous_a of_o he_o lest_o he_o shall_v hinder_v his_o proceed_n and_o therefore_o recalled_a lupicinus_n and_o send_v gumobarius_n in_o his_o place_n to_o be_v general_n of_o the_o british_a army_n who_o do_v little_a worthy_a of_o memory_n for_o notwithstanding_o any_o thing_n he_o can_v do_v the_o scot_n asleep_o barbarous_a people_n first_o mention_v about_o this_o time_n come_v out_o of_o ireland_n root_v themselves_o so_o firm_o in_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o this_o isle_n that_o they_o establish_v a_o kingdom_n there_o to_o themselves_o and_o their_o posterity_n to_o this_o day_n it_o be_v write_v that_o when_o nâ—le_n obtain_v the_o monarchy_n of_o ireland_n which_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o this_o constanttus_n the_o six_o son_n of_o mure_v king_n of_o ulster_n pass_v over_o with_o a_o considerable_a fleet_n possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o britain_n and_o it_o be_v likely_a that_o the_o elder_a of_o those_o six_o son_n be_v that_o reuda_n mention_v by_o beda_n and_o his_o people_n from_o he_o call_v dalreudini_n they_o at_o first_o possess_v themselves_o of_o a_o corner_n of_o this_o island_n but_o after_o encroach_a upon_o the_o pict_n enlarge_v their_o seat_n until_o at_o last_o about_o the_o time_n when_o the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n ruin_v by_o civil_a contention_n and_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o dane_n they_o almost_o whole_o consume_v the_o pict_n and_o destroy_v their_o name_n and_o memory_n introduce_v to_o those_o northern_a part_n the_o name_n of_o scotland_n it_o be_v not_o likely_a that_o arrianism_n ever_o take_v any_o great_a foot_n in_o this_o island_n for_o when_o st._n hilary_n be_v banish_v into_o phrigia_n by_o the_o false_a suggestion_n of_o saturninus_n the_o arrian_n bishop_n of_o arles_n he_o write_v letter_n to_o the_o british_a bishop_n especial_o to_o the_o age_a restitutus_n bishop_n of_o london_n congratulate_v and_o commend_v their_o firmness_n in_o the_o faith_n that_o notwithstanding_o the_o attempt_n of_o saturninus_n to_o infect_v they_o yet_o their_o constancy_n be_v famous_a over_o all_o the_o empire_n insomuch_o as_o some_o of_o the_o eastern_a bishop_n become_v thereby_o ashamed_a of_o their_o heresy_n howbeit_o about_o this_o time_n this_o restitutus_n be_v full_a of_o year_n die_v and_o be_v worthy_o count_v among_o the_o illustrious_a british_a writer_n and_o many_o letter_n to_o st._n hilary_n be_v reckon_v to_o be_v of_o his_o writing_n a_o further_a proof_n of_o the_o orthodoxy_n of_o the_o british_a church_n be_v st._n kebius_n surnamed_a corinius_n son_n of_o solomon_n duke_n of_o cornwall_n who_o take_v a_o journey_n into_o gaul_n to_o st._n hilary_n after_o his_o return_n from_o exile_n to_o be_v by_o he_o instruct_v more_o perfect_o in_o the_o catholic_n faith_n copgrave_n in_o the_o life_n of_o this_o saint_n say_z that_o he_o abide_v several_a year_n with_o s._n hillary_n improve_n himself_o in_o learning_n and_o sanctity_n whereunto_o god_n give_v testimony_n by_o confer_v on_o he_o the_o grace_n of_o miracle_n so_o that_o he_o give_v sight_n to_o the_o blind_a cleanse_v the_o leprous_a cure_a those_o which_o be_v dumb_a heal_v the_o sick_a of_o the_o palsy_n and_o those_o who_o be_v possess_v with_o devil_n afterward_o be_v admonish_v thereunto_o by_o a_o angel_n have_v be_v consecrate_a bishop_n by_o st._n hilary_n he_o return_v into_o his_o own_o country_n and_o place_v his_o see_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o anglesey_n and_o by_o his_o good_a example_n and_o sound_a doctrine_n instruct_v the_o northern_a people_n of_o wales_n it_o be_v he_o who_o be_v request_v to_o take_v the_o principality_n of_o cornwall_n but_o refuse_v to_o accept_v of_o any_o worldly_a authority_n and_o not_o long_o after_o he_o be_v say_v to_o descend_v with_o ten_o monk_n who_o be_v his_o disciple_n into_o a_o meadow_n of_o king_n ethelic_n pitch_v his_o tent_n there_o wherewith_o when_o the_o king_n be_v acquaint_v he_o go_v with_o company_n to_o cast_v these_o monk_n out_o of_o his_o country_n by_o the_o way_n he_o fall_v from_o his_o horse_n which_o die_v immediate_o and_o both_o he_o and_o his_o follower_n be_v strike_v with_o blindness_n thereupon_o the_o king_n prostrate_v himself_o before_o st._n kebius_n devote_v himself_o to_o god_n and_o the_o saint_n by_o who_o prayer_n they_o be_v all_o present_o heal_v after_o this_o the_o king_n give_v to_o the_o man_n of_o god_n two_o church_n and_o he_o give_v the_o king_n his_o benediction_n retire_v to_o menevia_n afterward_o call_v st._n david_n from_o whence_o he_o sail_v into_o ireland_n and_o have_v build_v a_o church_n remain_v there_o four_o year_n very_o probable_a it_o be_v that_o this_o st._n kebius_n be_v that_o british_a priest_n who_o baptise_a the_o irish_a st._n albeus_n for_o in_o his_o life_n write_v
by_o bishop_n usher_n it_o be_v relate_v that_o lachanus_fw-la give_v the_o holy_a child_n to_o certain_a britain_n who_o careful_o bring_v he_o up_o and_o give_v he_o the_o name_n of_o albeus_n because_o he_o be_v find_v alive_a under_o a_o rock_n the_o grace_n of_o god_n be_v with_o he_o not_o long_o after_o this_o st._n kebius_n come_v into_o those_o part_n send_v thither_o by_o the_o see_v apostolic_a many_o year_n before_o st._n patrick_n to_o sow_v the_o faith_n of_o christ_n there_o but_o the_o irish_a be_v pagan_n he_o be_v receive_v by_o few_o he_o than_o go_v into_o munster_n where_o he_o find_v this_o holy_a child_n albeus_n pray_v in_o the_o open_a air_n with_o his_o eye_n raise_v up_o towards_o heaven_n that_o the_o true_a faith_n may_v be_v reveal_v unto_o he_o and_o say_v his_o desire_n be_v to_o know_v the_o creator_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o to_o believe_v in_o he_o who_o make_v heaven_n and_o earth_n and_o declare_v that_o the_o element_n can_v not_o be_v make_v without_o a_o skilful_a workmaster_n nor_o be_v produce_v by_o any_o man_n these_o thing_n be_v hear_v by_o this_o holy_a priest_n he_o not_o only_o salute_v but_o instruct_v this_o holy_a child_n baptise_v he_o and_o continue_v the_o same_o name_n of_o albeus_n to_o he_o several_a other_o person_n be_v convert_v and_o baptise_a by_o he_o as_o meclarus_fw-la and_o kiaxanus_fw-la who_o prove_v eminent_a for_o sanctity_n and_o be_v after_o exalt_v to_o episcopal_a dignity_n before_o the_o arrival_n of_o st._n patrick_n after_o some_o year_n abode_n in_o ireland_n the_o holy_a bishop_n kebius_n return_v to_o his_o see_n in_o anglesey_n where_o he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 370._o the_o place_n of_o his_o burial_n seem_v to_o be_v in_o denbighshire_n for_o in_o the_o story_n of_o st._n winefred_n we_o read_v that_o she_o be_v bury_v near_o the_o sepulcher_n of_o chebaeus_fw-la and_o senanus_n call_v gwethern_n which_o chebaeus_fw-la be_v certain_o our_o kebius_n who_o memory_n remain_v still_o say_v cambden_n in_o anglesey_n where_o the_o promontory_n call_v holyhead_n be_v by_o the_o native_n name_v caer_n gubi_n from_o kebius_n a_o disciple_n of_o st._n hilary_n who_o memory_n be_v also_o there_o preserve_v by_o another_o promontory_n call_v hilary-point_n the_o same_o year_n in_o which_o st._n kebius_n repair_v to_o st._n hilary_n then_o new_o return_v from_o banishment_n be_v illustrious_a for_o the_o birth_n of_o the_o great_a apostle_n of_o ireland_n st._n patrick_n as_o most_o authentic_a author_n agree_v the_o place_n of_o his_o birth_n be_v agree_v to_o be_v in_o britain_n by_o the_o irish_a themselves_o he_o be_v say_v to_o be_v bear_v in_o pembrokeshire_n of_o calphurnius_fw-la and_o his_o wife_n conchessa_n sister_n or_o sister_n daughter_n to_o st._n martin_n bishop_n of_o tours_n after_o this_o birth_n calphurnius_fw-la become_v a_o priest_n or_o deacon_n and_o profess_a continency_n as_o many_o other_o do_v now_o constantius_n die_v of_o a_o fever_n in_o cilicia_n julian_n have_v be_v create_v caesar_n succeed_v he_o in_o the_o empire_n which_o he_o pollute_v by_o his_o infamous_a apostasy_n he_o be_v from_o his_o infancy_n breed_v in_o the_o profession_n of_o christianity_n and_o inscribe_v in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a degree_n of_o a_o lectorour_n but_o be_v of_o a_o inconstant_a curious_a disposition_n and_o unfortunate_o become_v acquaint_v with_o pagan_a philosopher_n and_o magician_n he_o be_v by_o they_o pervert_v and_o though_o during_o the_o life_n of_o constantius_n he_o dissemble_v his_o change_n yet_o be_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o empire_n he_o public_o declare_v his_o defection_n from_o christianity_n and_o a_o implacable_a hatred_n of_o it_o with_o a_o resolution_n to_o employ_v all_o the_o power_n of_o earth_n and_o hell_n for_o its_o destruction_n the_o first_o proof_n hereof_o he_o give_v in_o take_v away_o that_o famous_a labarum_n or_o imperial_a ensign_n of_o the_o cross_n which_o in_o his_o predecessor_n time_n have_v give_v they_o assure_v victory_n in_o place_n whereof_o he_o restore_v the_o image_n of_o heathen_a god_n or_o devil_n with_o the_o representation_n of_o eagle_n vulture_n minotaur_n etc._n etc._n which_o the_o soldier_n be_v command_v to_o adore_v all_o the_o monument_n of_o the_o holy_a cross_n he_o endeavour_v to_o abolish_v insomuch_o as_o he_o cause_v a_o representation_n of_o constantinople_n to_o be_v dig_v up_o on_o the_o top_n whereof_o constantine_n have_v fix_v the_o cross_n to_o denote_v the_o felicity_n of_o his_o new_a city_n he_o usual_o object_v to_o christian_n by_o way_n of_o ignominy_n that_o they_o leave_v off_o to_o adore_v and_o worship_n the_o ancilia_n which_o jupiter_n let_v fall_v from_o heaven_n as_o a_o pledge_n of_o his_o protection_n of_o their_o city_n instead_o of_o which_o they_o adore_v the_o wood_n of_o the_o cross_n paint_v image_n thereof_o in_o their_o forchead_n and_o before_o their_o door_n thus_o scoff_v julian_n censure_v the_o rite_n of_o the_o ancient_a church_n and_o of_o the_o faithful_a in_o his_o time_n for_o their_o veneration_n of_o that_o bless_a instrument_n of_o our_o redemption_n all_o other_o sacred_a image_n and_o statue_n erect_v in_o memory_n of_o divine_a benefit_n together_o with_o the_o relic_n of_o saint_n and_o martyr_n this_o apostate_n endeavour_v to_o abolish_v in_o particular_a he_o cause_v that_o miraculous_a statue_n of_o our_o saviour_n to_o be_v throw_v down_o which_o the_o devout_a woman_n who_o have_v be_v cure_a of_o her_o bloody-issue_n have_v raise_v at_o caesarea_n philippi_n and_o in_o the_o place_n thereof_o erect_v his_o own_o which_o not_o long_o after_o be_v divide_v in_o the_o midst_n and_o the_o upper-half_a thereof_o throw_v all_o black_a to_o the_o ground_n where_o it_o remain_v so_o for_o a_o long_a time_n this_o impious_a emperor_n consult_v a_o oracle_n at_o daphne_n near_o antioch_n and_o perceive_v the_o devil_n in_o it_o to_o remain_v mute_a save_v only_o that_o he_o be_v able_a to_o declare_v that_o the_o body_n of_o the_o holy_a martyr_n babylas_n hinder_v his_o speech_n cause_v the_o sacred_a body_n to_o be_v remove_v into_o the_o city_n which_o be_v do_v by_o the_o christian_n with_o great_a solemnity_n in_o sing_v psalm_n especial_o such_o as_o deride_v idolary_n which_o so_o incense_v the_o cruel_a emperor_n that_o he_o cause_v many_o of_o they_o to_o be_v torment_v howbeit_o by_o the_o intercession_n of_o the_o holy_a martyr_n their_o torment_n be_v miraculous_o convert_v and_o melt_v into_o pleasure_n a_o war_n against_o the_o persian_n interrupt_v his_o rage_n against_o the_o christian_n who_o extirpation_n he_o threaten_v at_o his_o return_n from_o that_o expedition_n in_o the_o heat_n of_o this_o war_n libanius_n a_o heathen_a sophister_n in_o derision_n of_o our_o saviour_n ask_v a_o christian_a what_o the_o carpenter_n son_n be_v then_o do_v who_o answer_v he_o be_v prepare_v a_o cousin_n for_o julian_n the_o event_n make_v the_o word_n prophetical_a for_o the_o wicked_a emperor_n receive_v from_o a_o unknown_a hand_n a_o wound_n mortal_a to_o himself_o but_o healthful_a to_o all_o the_o world_n beside_o in_o his_o place_n the_o army_n choose_v jovian_a emperor_n which_o honour_n he_o refuse_v profess_v that_o be_v a_o christian_n he_o neither_o will_v nor_o can_v govern_v a_o army_n poison_v with_o heathenish_a idolatry_n whereupon_o all_o the_o army_n cry_v out_o that_o they_o also_o be_v christian_n so_o that_o it_o seem_v the_o two_o year_n reign_n of_o julian_n can_v not_o extirpate_v the_o good_a seed_n sow_o in_o their_o roman_a heart_n jovian_a thus_o choose_v restore_v the_o christian_a faith_n reduce_v the_o church_n to_o its_o former_a splendour_n he_o publish_v a_o law_n by_o which_o in_o all_o city_n a_o proportion_n of_o wheat_n be_v contribute_v to_o sacred_a virgin_n by_o vow_n consecrate_a to_o god_n another_o which_o inflict_v death_n on_o any_o who_o shall_v ravish_v or_o but_o attempt_v their_o chastity_n there_o be_v extant_a a_o epistle_n of_o st._n athanasius_n in_o answer_n of_o one_o from_o this_o emperor_n to_o he_o wherein_z he_o desire_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o saint_n who_o among_o the_o divide_a sect_n of_o christian_n retain_v the_o orthodox_n faith._n several_a nation_n be_v mention_v in_o this_o epistle_n as_o constant_o persevere_v in_o the_o faith_n of_o our_o saviour_n divinity_n establish_v in_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a and_o among_o the_o rest_n st._n athanasius_n make_v a_o honourable_a mention_n of_o the_o british_a church_n this_o pious_a emperor_n enjoy_v his_o sovereignty_n but_o one_o year_n and_o valentinian_n equal_o orthodox_n be_v his_o successor_n yet_o unhappy_o he_o make_v his_o brother_n valens_n partner_n in_o his_o empire_n he_o infect_v with_o the_o arrian_n heresy_n prove_v impious_o zealous_a in_o the_o promote_a of_o it_o in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o valentinian_n reign_n the_o barbarous_a
king_n consent_n where_o a_o church_n be_v build_v and_o dedicate_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o prime_a apostle_n st._n peter_n that_o a_o archepiscopal_a see_v be_v here_o thus_o plant_v may_v be_v some_o mistake_n for_o when_o that_o see_v be_v transplant_v to_o caerleon_n a_o archepiscopal_a see_v indeed_o be_v establish_v there_o so_o that_o it_o may_v rather_o seem_v that_o only_o a_o episcopal_a see_v be_v erect_v at_o landaff_n by_o mouricus_n who_o be_v say_v to_o be_v son_n of_o theodoric_n prince_n of_o morgannia_n or_o glamorganshire_n which_o prince_n as_o bishop_n godwin_n relate_v resign_v his_o principality_n and_o embrace_v a_o monastical_a or_o hermitical_a life_n but_o after_o when_o the_o saxon_n invade_v the_o land_n he_o be_v draw_v out_o of_o his_o cell_n to_o be_v leader_n of_o a_o army_n and_o courageous_o rush_v among_o the_o enemy_n receive_v a_o mortal_a wound_n for_o which_o merit_n he_o be_v enroll_v in_o the_o number_n of_o martyr_n st._n german_n next_o care_n after_o ordain_v bishop_n be_v to_o visit_v the_o school_n the_o source_n of_o learning_n and_o he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v study_v or_o rather_o teach_v for_o sometime_o in_o oxford_n and_o establish_v good_a order_n there_o concern_v which_o we_o may_v find_v a_o illustrious_a testimony_n of_o our_o learned_a countryman_n asserius_fw-la who_o live_v about_o 800._o year_n since_o and_o treat_v of_o the_o controversy_n between_o the_o student_n of_o oxford_n and_o grimbaldus_n who_o king_n alfred_n have_v call_v out_o of_o france_n to_o govern_v that_o university_n affirm_v that_o the_o scholar_n prove_v by_o unquestionable_a testimony_n of_o ancient_a annal_n that_o the_o order_n and_o institutes_n of_o that_o place_n which_o grimbaldus_n seek_v to_o change_v have_v be_v establish_v by_o pious_a and_o learned_a man_n as_o gildas_n melkin_n nemri_n kentigern_n and_o other_o who_o all_o grow_v old_a in_o their_o study_n there_o and_o administer_v all_o thing_n in_o peace_n and_o concord_n affirm_v they_o further_o show_v that_o st._n germanus_n come_v to_o oxford_n and_o abode_n there_o half_a a_o year_n approve_v wonderful_o their_o order_n and_o institution_n whether_o this_o be_v not_o a_o late_a addition_n to_o asserius_fw-la be_v suspect_v by_o some_o it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o a_o little_a to_o inquire_v what_o doctrine_n be_v teach_v by_o st._n germanus_n to_o who_o this_o country_n of_o we_o be_v so_o much_o behold_v for_o by_o this_o enquiry_n it_o may_v appear_v whether_o st._n augustine_n the_o monk_n send_v by_o st._n gregory_n the_o great_a in_o the_o follow_a age_n to_o convert_v the_o saxon_n teach_v they_o a_o religion_n differ_v from_o that_o which_o st._n german_a profess_v we_o need_v go_v no_o further_o in_o this_o enquiry_n then_o to_o mr._n selden_n well_o know_v to_o be_v learned_a in_o antiquity_n the_o six_o chapter_n of_o this_o treatise_n call_v analecta_n anglo-britanica_a touch_v the_o practice_n of_o ecclesiastical_a discipline_n wherewith_o germanus_n and_o lupus_n bishop_n embue_v the_o britain_n may_v easy_o satisfy_v we_o in_o this_o particular_a where_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o germanus_n bishop_n of_o auxerre_n and_o lupus_n bishop_n of_o troy_n in_o gaul_n come_v into_o britain_n to_o restore_v christian_a religion_n deprave_v by_o the_o heresy_n of_o pelagius_n and_o error_n of_o pagan_n the_o doctrine_n say_v he_o teach_v by_o they_o as_o the_o fame_n be_v which_o also_o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la testify_v be_v as_o follow_v first_o of_o every_o loaf_n of_o bread_n set_v before_o they_o one_o corner_n they_o give_v to_o the_o poor_a second_o they_o sit_v three_o together_o at_o dinner_n in_o memory_n of_o the_o trinity_n three_o if_o any_o meet_v a_o religious_a monk_n or_o clergyman_n in_o the_o way_n or_o any_o one_o in_o a_o religious_a habit_n he_o will_v present_o lay_v aside_o his_o weapon_n and_o with_o a_o low_a inclination_n of_o his_o head_n demand_v his_o benediction_n four_o general_o all_o the_o people_n earnest_o demand_v episcopal_a confirmation_n and_o inunction_n with_o holy_a chrism_n by_o which_o the_o holy_a ghost_n be_v confer_v five_o they_o sometime_o bestow_v the_o tithe_n of_o all_o their_o substance_n cattle_n and_o sheep_n either_o when_o they_o marry_v or_o undertake_v some_o long_a pilgrimage_n or_o by_o the_o church_n order_v submit_v to_o some_o extraordinary_a penance_n for_o their_o sin_n this_o they_o call_v the_o great_a tithe_n and_o two_o part_n thereof_o they_o bestow_v on_o the_o church_n where_o they_o be_v baptise_a the_o three_o they_o give_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o diocese_n six_o beyond_o all_o other_o external_n labour_n of_o mortification_n they_o be_v most_o devote_v to_o pilgrimage_n undertake_v to_o rome_n to_o visit_v the_o monument_n of_o the_o apostle_n seven_o beyond_o any_o other_o nation_n they_o express_v a_o devout_a reverence_n to_o church_n and_o churchman_n to_o relic_n of_o saint_n to_o portable_a bell_n sacred_a book_n and_o the_o holy_a cross_n and_o this_o devotion_n have_v be_v reward_v with_o great_a peace_n than_o any_o other_o church_n enjoy_v eight_o entire_a security_n be_v observe_v in_o regard_n of_o beast_n seed_v not_o only_a in_o the_o churchyard_n but_o beyond_o they_o through_o all_o ground_n enclose_v with_o ditch_n which_o bishop_n design_v for_o observation_n of_o peace_n and_o indemnity_n and_o great_a church_n to_o which_o antiquity_n always_o afford_v great_a reverence_n have_v power_n to_o grant_v and_o enjoin_v the_o observation_n of_o such_o peace_n and_o security_n for_o cattle_n whilst_o in_o the_o morning_n they_o go_v and_o at_o evening_n they_o return_v from_o their_o pasture_n this_o peace_n be_v preserve_v so_o inviolable_a that_o if_o any_o one_o shall_v incur_v the_o mortal_a indignation_n of_o his_o prince_n and_o seek_v refuge_n in_o a_o church_n he_o may_v enjoy_v the_o fruit_n of_o this_o peace_n both_o for_o his_o person_n and_o good_n 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erect_v and_o consecrate_a to_o the_o honour_n of_o st._n germanus_n who_o extirpated_a the_o pellagian_a heresy_n arise_v a_o new_a among_o the_o britain_n in_o yorkshire_n likewise_o a_o famous_a monastery_n be_v consecrate_a to_o he_o the_o river_n owse_n water_n selby_n a_o town_n well_o people_v there_o king_n william_n the_o i._o found_v a_o church_n in_o memory_n of_o st._n german_n who_o be_v say_v to_o have_v wound_v to_o death_n the_o many_o head_v hydra_n of_o pelagianism_n often_o quell_v and_o often_o revive_v again_o the_o abbot_n of_o this_o monastery_n and_o of_o st._n mary_n at_o york_n be_v the_o only_a northern_a abbot_n which_o have_v seat_n in_o parliament_n the_o memory_n of_o st._n german_n be_v also_o much_o celebrate_v among_o the_o silures_n in_o north-wales_n for_o from_o he_o a_o part_n of_o radnor-shire_n be_v call_v guarthenian_a for_o as_o nennius_n relate_v vortimer_n the_o son_n of_o vortigern_n to_o satisfy_v for_o injury_n do_v by_o his_o father_n to_o st._n german_n dedicate_v that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n to_o he_o where_o he_o have_v be_v chief_o wrong_v in_o memory_n whereof_o it_o take_v the_o name_n of_o guartheny_n which_o in_o the_o british_a language_n signify_v a_o calumny_n just_o retort_v hitherto_o since_o the_o roman_n relinquish_v their_o care_n of_o britain_n the_o province_n of_o the_o island_n have_v be_v govern_v by_o petty-prince_n independent_a one_o of_o another_o but_o in_o the_o year_n 438._o by_o reason_n of_o the_o frequent_a inroad_n of_o their_o cruel_a enemy_n the_o pict_n and_o scot_n by_o common_a agreement_n of_o the_o province_n a_o general_a captain_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n be_v choose_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o ancestor_n in_o the_o day_n of_o julius_n caesar_n and_o the_o kingdom_n establish_v in_o that_o captain_n line_n the_o choice_n unhappy_o fall_v upon_o vortigern_n bear_v for_o the_o destruction_n of_o his_o country_n he_o be_v a_o man_n void_a both_o of_o courage_n
these_o relic_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v bring_v from_o jerusalem_n by_o eudocia_n the_o wife_n of_o theodosius_n and_o lay_v up_o in_o the_o church_n of_o st._n laurence_n the_o martyr_n and_o there_o pious_o venerate_v by_o devout_a christian_n st._n patrick_n be_v report_v after_o his_o return_n from_o rome_n to_o have_v found_v many_o monastery_n which_o he_o fill_v with_o religious_a man_n who_o willing_o fubmit_v themselves_o to_o the_o form_n of_o a_o religious_a life_n then_o prescribe_v unto_o they_o he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v foretold_v many_o unfortunate_a and_o many_o prosperous_a thing_n which_o shall_v bef_n all_o britain_n particular_o the_o sanctity_n of_o st._n david_n then_o enclose_v in_o his_o mother_n womb_n by_o all_o which_o be_v confirm_v st._n patrick_n long_a abode_n in_o britain_n after_o he_o have_v convert_v the_o irish_a nation_n among_o the_o british_a disciple_n of_o st._n patrick_n the_o memory_n of_o st._n bachiarus_n who_o some_o affirm_v to_o 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opportunity_n of_o implore_v the_o divine_a assistance_n for_o the_o relief_n of_o his_o afflict_a country_n yet_o he_o want_v not_o detractour_n who_o charge_v he_o with_o levity_n and_o vanity_n or_o worse_a so_o as_o he_o be_v force_v to_o declare_v by_o writing_n that_o he_o undertake_v those_o travel_n for_o the_o love_n of_o god_n his_o own_o soul_n and_o his_o distress_a country_n he_o direct_v this_o his_o defence_n especial_o to_o st._n leo_n the_o first_o pope_n of_o that_o name_n as_o the_o common_a father_n of_o all_o christian_n there_o be_v also_o extant_a a_o learned_a and_o elegant_a epistle_n of_o his_o write_v on_o this_o occasion_n he_o have_v hear_v that_o a_o certain_a priest_n by_o the_o devil_n suggestion_n have_v violate_v a_o consecrate_a virgin_n for_o which_o he_o be_v cast_v out_o of_o the_o church_n without_o hope_n of_o be_v restore_v the_o holy_a man_n be_v deep_o afflict_v both_o for_o the_o enormity_n of_o the_o crime_n and_o severity_n of_o the_o punishment_n whereupon_o he_o write_v the_o say_a epistle_n replenish_v as_o well_o with_o divine_a learning_n as_o compassionate_a charity_n this_o epistle_n he_o give_v to_o a_o priest_n call_v januarius_n he_o he_o entreat_v and_o strong_o evince_v for_o the_o restitution_n of_o the_o offender_n show_v that_o in_o the_o most_o fruitful_a field_n of_o god_n church_n there_o grow_v herb_n medicinal_a to_o every_o wound_n then_o address_v his_o speech_n to_o the_o guilty_a priest_n he_o powerful_o exhort_v he_o to_o penance_n in_o a_o enclose_a monastery_n there_o to_o expiate_v his_o crime_n by_o fast_v and_o prayer_n and_o to_o beg_v the_o intercession_n of_o the_o saint_n on_o his_o behalf_n and_o fear_v lest_o he_o shall_v accumulate_v his_o sin_n by_o join_v marriage_n to_o his_o incest_n he_o terrify_v he_o by_o show_v the_o abominable_a excess_n of_o marry_v one_o who_o be_v espouse_v and_o consecrate_a to_o our_o lord_n when_o she_o take_v the_o veil_n of_o her_o religious_a profession_n by_o which_o as_o in_o a_o mirror_n the_o state_n of_o ecclesiastical_a discipline_n in_o those_o time_n and_o the_o inviolableness_n of_o caelebacy_n and_o religious_a vow_n may_v be_v see_v he_o live_v to_o a_o very_a old_a age_n die_v in_o the_o year_n 460._o or_o as_o some_o say_v long_o after_o that_o in_o these_o time_n the_o vandal_n by_o their_o incursion_n and_o numerous_a army_n grievous_o oppress_v the_o roman_a empire_n and_o upon_o this_o opportunity_n the_o scot_n and_o pict_n break_v their_o limit_n and_o waste_v the_o province_n of_o britain_n which_o have_v be_v subject_a to_o the_o roman_n this_o happen_v in_o the_o 8_o year_n of_o vortigern_n reign_n the_o next_o year_n they_o continue_v their_o invasion_n with_o such_o extreme_a violence_n that_o after_o much_o bloodshed_n the_o britain_n sostn_v with_o luxury_n address_v their_o humble_a and_o passionate_a petition_n to_o the_o roman_n in_o these_o lamentable_a expression_n record_v by_o gildas_n to_o aetius_n three_o time_n consul_n the_o groan_n of_o the_o britain_n our_o barbarous_a enemy_n drive_v we_o to_o the_o sea_n the_o sea_n beat_v we_o back_o upon_o our_o barbarous_a enemy_n between_o these_o two_o we_o be_v expose_v either_o to_o be_v slay_v by_o the_o sword_n or_o drown_v to_o avoid_v both_o we_o find_v no_o remedy_n these_o letter_n avail_v nothing_o the_o roman_n have_v enough_o to_o do_v to_o secure_v their_o own_o empire_n so_o as_o the_o britain_n want_v heart_n and_o arm_n become_v daily_o a_o prey_n to_o their_o enemy_n with_o this_o calamity_n say_v st._n bede_n another_o more_o terrible_a be_v join_v the_o extremity_n of_o famine_n force_v many_o of_o they_o to_o render_v themselves_o slave_n to_o their_o enemy_n for_o bread_n only_o a_o few_o by_o these_o misery_n be_v teach_v the_o wisdom_n to_o seek_v aid_n from_o heaven_n retire_v into_o accessible_a mountain_n and_o cave_n from_o whence_o they_o look_v courage_n oftentime_o with_o good_a success_n to_o set_v upon_o their_o enemy_n buisy_n in_o heap_v spoil_n and_o drive_v they_o back_o into_o their_o own_o quarter_n but_o no_o soon_o be_v they_o free_v from_o their_o enemy_n and_o that_o the_o island_n begin_v to_o abound_v with_o provision_n but_o their_o luxury_n also_o abound_v accompany_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o vice_n especial_o hatred_n of_o divine_a truth_n and_o cruelty_n one_o towards_o another_o etc._n etc._n the_o patience_n of_o the_o all-good_a god_n be_v weary_v by_o a_o people_n to_o be_v prevail_v with_o neither_o in_o prosperity_n nor_o adversity_n bring_v upon_o they_o enemy_n far_o more_o savage_a and_o barbarous_a than_o either_o the_o pict_n or_o scot_n or_o rather_o so_o besot_v the_o reprobate_a britain_n that_o they_o themselves_o invite_v new_a enemy_n from_o a_o remote_a country_n to_o consume_v they_o the_o saxon_n angles_n and_o jute_n nation_n of_o germany_n terrible_a for_o their_o undaunted_a courage_n and_o agility_n formidable_a even_o to_o the_o roman_n because_o most_o sudden_a and_o violent_a in_o their_o erterprise_n esteem_v the_o most_o warlike_a nation_n among_o the_o german_n for_o strength_n of_o body_n courage_n of_o mind_n and_o patience_n in_o suffer_v corporal_a labour_n and_o incommodity_n before_o we_o relate_v these_o dismal_a tragedy_n some_o more_o special_a occurrence_n happen_v about_o the_o same_o time_n and_o relate_v to_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n require_v first_o a_o dispatch_n st._n patrick_n though_o for_o his_o particular_a consolation_n he_o have_v retire_v himself_o into_o the_o secure_a repose_n of_o a_o monastery_n be_v yet_o resolve_v when_o any_o emergent_a press_a necessity_n of_o god_n church_n require_v his_o care_n and_o presence_n he_o will_v quit_v the_o office_n of_o mary_n sit_v at_o our_o lord_n foot_n and_o exchange_v it_o for_o that_o of_o martha_n be_v ministry_n in_o attend_v and_o provide_v supply_n to_o his_o necessity_n in_o his_o member_n and_o indeed_o some_o disorder_n in_o his_o new-founded_n irish_a church_n break_v forth_o which_o after_o ten_o year_n quiet_a repose_n draw_v he_o from_o his_o solitude_n what_o this_o disturbance_n be_v be_v not_o know_v particular_o yet_o may_v it_o perhaps_o be_v pick_v out_o of_o some_o one_o or_o more_o of_o those_o canon_n or_o decree_n which_o in_o a_o synod_n at_o his_o return_n into_o ireland_n by_o he_o assemble_v be_v constitute_v these_o decree_n for_o many_o age_n lay_v conceal_v and_o negligent_o expose_v to_o dust_n and_o moth_n but_o have_v of_o late_a by_o the_o industry_n of_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n rescue_v and_o restore_v to_o light_n though_o in_o several_a place_n deface_v some_o of_o they_o we_o shall_v here_o select_v for_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a discipline_n practise_v in_o those_o time_n it_o be_v there_o ordain_v that_o if_o any_o ecclesiastical_a person_n from_o the_o doorkeeper_n to_o the_o priest_n shall_v not_o for_o decency_n wear_v a_o tunick_n and_o have_v his_o hair_n
the_o regal_a authority_n some_o writer_n affirm_v he_o die_v a_o natural_a death_n other_o say_v he_o die_v by_o poison_n administer_v to_o he_o by_o his_o mother-in-law_n rowena_n into_o who_o mind_n the_o devil_n suggest_v to_o cause_v a_o servant_n of_o he_o to_o give_v he_o poison_n which_o he_o have_v drink_v and_o perceive_v the_o approach_n of_o death_n he_o divide_v his_o treasure_n among_o his_o soldier_n earnest_o exhort_v they_o to_o fight_v courageous_o for_o their_o country_n moreover_o he_o command_v a_o pyramid_n of_o brass_n to_o be_v make_v and_o place_v in_o the_o haven_n where_o the_o saxon_n usual_o land_v upon_o which_o pyramid_n his_o body_n shall_v be_v lay_v that_o the_o enemy_n see_v the_o body_n of_o so_o valorous_a a_o prince_n may_v be_v fright_v back_o into_o their_o own_o country_n more_o probable_a it_o be_v that_o he_o intend_v his_o statue_n shall_v be_v place_v on_o the_o pyramid_n for_o be_v a_o christian_a prince_n he_o be_v decent_o and_o solemn_o bury_v after_o the_o christian_a manner_n and_o it_o be_v say_v he_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o city_n of_o the_o trinobantes_n now_o london_n and_o with_o he_o be_v bury_v the_o crown_n and_o glory_n of_o the_o british_a nation_n beside_o his_o courage_n he_o be_v say_v to_o be_v eminent_a in_o other_o virtue_n especial_o piety_n and_o some_o say_v in_o his_o war_n against_o the_o saxon_n he_o bear_v in_o his_o ensign_n the_o image_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n to_o which_o devotion_n of_o he_o we_o may_v impute_v his_o victory_n or_o at_o least_o to_o his_o pious_a and_o charitable_a care_n in_o restore_v the_o church_n destroy_v by_o the_o saxon_n the_o year_n after_o vortimer_n death_n hengist_n return_v out_o of_o germany_n with_o great_a force_n and_o take_v a_o firm_a possession_n of_o his_o kentish_a kingdom_n and_o for_o the_o better_a establishment_n of_o his_o family_n therein_o join_v his_o son_n aesca_n with_o he_o in_o the_o regal_a power_n to_o oppose_v they_o the_o britain_n invade_v his_o country_n with_o a_o great_a army_n consist_v of_o four_o great_a body_n conduct_v by_o four_o valiant_a captain_n but_o when_o the_o conflict_n be_v begin_v at_o creganford_n the_o britain_n find_v themselves_o too_o weak_a for_o the_o saxon_n which_o be_v new_o recruit_v with_o great_a number_n of_o choose_a robustious_a soldier_n who_o with_o their_o sword_n and_o battleax_n cleave_v asunder_o the_o body_n of_o the_o britain_n yet_o do_v they_o not_o give_v ground_n till_o their_o four_o captain_n be_v slay_v but_o afterward_o be_v so_o terrify_v that_o they_o flee_v as_o far_o as_o london_n and_o never_o after_o have_v the_o courage_n to_o bring_v a_o army_n into_o kent_n again_o so_o that_o hengist_n and_o his_o son_n quiet_o enjoy_v that_o kingdom_n fix_v their_o palace_n at_o canterbury_n thus_o begin_v this_o new_a kingdom_n of_o kent_n in_o the_o eight_o year_n after_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o saxon_n in_o britain_n it_o be_v not_o probable_a that_o this_o exalt_v of_o vortimer_n be_v any_o deposal_n of_o his_o father_n for_o vortimer_n be_v dead_a his_o father_n continue_v king_n and_o for_o a_o while_o give_v proof_n of_o his_o courage_n in_o repress_v the_o ambition_n and_o violence_n of_o hengist_n though_o after_o he_o return_v to_o his_o former_a licentious_a slothfulness_n now_o during_o these_o war_n hengist_n be_v record_v to_o have_v exercise_v extreme_a cruelty_n in_o all_o place_n where_o his_o army_n come_v and_o especial_o in_o kent_n against_o priest_n and_o holy_a virgin_n great_a number_n of_o which_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v massacre_v demolish_n church_n and_o profane_v altar_n among_o the_o victim_n of_o his_o barbarous_a cruelty_n the_o memory_n of_o voadinus_n archbishop_n of_o london_n only_o remain_v in_o our_o english_a martyrology_n who_o be_v a_o man_n of_o great_a sanctity_n reprove_v vortigern_n for_o repudiate_a his_o lawful_a wife_n and_o marry_v a_o infidel_n which_o so_o inflame_v hengist_n with_o 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mutual_a promise_n and_o oath_n towards_o the_o end_n of_o this_o feast_n when_o they_o be_v dissolve_v in_o wine_n hengist_n on_o a_o sudden_a call_v aloud_o to_o arm_n which_o be_v the_o watchword_n agree_v among_o the_o saxon_n who_o immediate_o draw_v out_o short_a sword_n conceal_v under_o their_o clothes_n and_o quick_o slay_v their_o unarmed_a guest_n the_o britain_n howbeit_o which_o be_v remarkable_a eldol_n the_o valiant_a consul_n or_o governor_n of_o gloucester_n snatch_v up_o a_o stake_n by_o chance_n lie_v near_o with_o it_o slay_v seventy_o of_o the_o treacherous_a saxon_n a_o monument_n of_o this_o barbarous_a tragedy_n not_o long_o after_o raise_v by_o the_o britain_n continue_v to_o this_o day_n and_o be_v vulgar_o call_v stone-henge_n upon_o salisbury-plain_a where_o in_o a_o space_n of_o ground_n compass_v with_o a_o ditch_n be_v place_v as_o in_o a_o threefold_a crown_n stone_n of_o a_o incredible_a vastness_n some_o of_o they_o 28_o foot_n in_o height_n and_o 7_o in_o breadth_n over_o many_o of_o which_o other_o great_a stone_n be_v place_v across_o cambden_n believe_v that_o this_o monument_n be_v raise_v in_o memory_n of_o this_o treachery_n by_o ambrose_n aurelianus_n or_o his_o brother_n vterpendragon_n by_o the_o help_n and_o art_n of_o merlin_n the_o famous_a magician_n though_o other_o deliver_v that_o it_o be_v a_o magnificent_a sepulchre_n raise_v for_o ambrose_n himself_o slay_v near_o this_o place_n from_o who_o the_o town_n of_o ambresbury-not_a far_o distant_a take_v its_o name_n in_o this_o slaughter_n the_o saxon_n take_v vortigern_n prisoner_n and_o the_o year_n follow_v bind_v he_o with_o chain_n threaten_v death_n unless_o he_o will_v deliver_v up_o 38_o of_o his_o city_n and_o stronghold_n vortigern_n to_o save_v his_o life_n quick_o yield_v to_o their_o demand_n which_o be_v confirm_v by_o oath_n they_o give_v he_o his_o liberty_n and_o first_o they_o seize_v upon_o the_o city_n of_o london_n than_o york_n and_o lincoln_n and_o then_o winchester_n all_o which_o adjoin_v province_n they_o waste_v kill_v the_o inhabitant_n they_o level_v with_o the_o ground_n all_o church_n and_o building_n belong_v to_o ecclesiastical_a person_n kill_v the_o priest_n near_o the_o altar_n burn_v all_o book_n of_o holy_a scripture_n and_o heap_v earth_n on_o the_o sepulcher_n of_o martyr_n religious_a man_n to_o escape_v their_o fury_n be_v say_v to_o fly_v into_o desert_n wood_n and_o rock_n carry_v with_o they_o the_o relic_n of_o saint_n and_o as_o for_o vortigern_n see_v this_o horrible_a destruction_n he_o retire_v into_o the_o north_n part_n of_o wales_n and_o there_o enclose_v himself_o in_o a_o town_n call_v genorium_n now_o the_o three_o province_n with_o which_o vortigern_n redeem_v his_o life_n be_v with_o more_o probability_n express_v by_o malmsburiensis_n in_o this_o manner_n of_o old_a say_v he_o the_o eastern_a and_o southern_a saxon_n with_o the_o
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great_a affliction_n and_o persecution_n which_o befall_v the_o famous_a and_o holy_a bishop_n st._n kentigern_n in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o constantine_n certain_a son_n of_o belial_n kinsman_n to_o king_n mark_n rise_v against_o the_o saint_n conspire_v his_o death_n whereupon_o be_v admonish_v by_o divine_a revelation_n he_o depart_v direct_v his_o journey_n to_o menevia_n where_o the_o holy_a bishop_n david_n flourish_v with_o all_o virtue_n near_o gaerleon_n he_o convert_v many_o to_o the_o faith_n and_o build_v a_o church_n be_v come_v to_o st._n david_n he_o abide_v with_o he_o some_o time_n and_o receive_v from_o the_o prince_n of_o that_o region_n cathwallam_n a_o place_n commodious_a for_o a_o monastery_n which_o have_v erect_v at_o egla_n elwy_a he_o fix_v there_o a_o episcopal_n see_v near_o that_o place_n there_o be_v a_o nobleman_n which_o often_o threaten_v and_o endeavour_v to_o expel_v he_o from_o thence_o who_o god_n therefore_o smite_v with_o blindness_n but_o upon_o the_o holy_a bishop_n prayer_n his_o sight_n be_v restore_v for_o which_o he_o become_v ever_o after_o helper_n and_o protector_n to_o the_o bishop_n there_o be_v assemble_v in_o that_o monastery_n no_o few_o than_o 945_o brethren_n who_o all_o live_v under_o monastical_a discipline_n serve_v god_n with_o great_a abstinence_n of_o which_o number_n 300._o who_o be_v illiterate_a he_o appoint_v to_o tilling_n the_o ground_n and_o guard_n of_o the_o cattle_n out_o of_o the_o monastery_n other_o 300._o he_o assign_v for_o prepare_v nourishment_n and_o perform_v other_o necessary_a work_n within_o the_o monastery_n and_o 365._o who_o be_v learned_a he_o depute_v to_o the_o celebrate_v divine_a office_n daily_o not_o any_o of_o which_o without_o great_a necessity_n will_v he_o permit_v to_o go_v out_o of_o the_o monastery_n but_o ordain_v they_o to_o attend_v there_o continual_o as_o in_o god_n sanctuary_n and_o this_o part_n of_o the_o convent_n he_o divide_v so_o into_o troop_n and_o company_n that_o when_o one_o have_v finish_v the_o service_n of_o god_n in_o the_o church_n another_o present_o enter_v and_o begin_v it_o again_o which_o be_v end_v a_o three_o without_o any_o delay_n enter_v by_o this_o mean_n prayer_n be_v offer_v in_o that_o church_n without_o intermission_n and_o the_o praise_n of_o god_n be_v always_o in_o their_o mouth_n among_o these_o there_o be_v one_o name_v asaph_n more_o especial_o illustrious_a for_o his_o descent_n and_o form_n who_o from_o his_o childhood_n shine_v bright_o both_o by_o virtue_n and_o miracle_n and_o daily_o endeavour_v to_o imitate_v his_o master_n in_o all_o sanctity_n and_o abstinence_n to_o he_o this_o man_n of_o god_n bear_v ever_o after_o a_o particular_a affection_n and_o commit_v the_o care_n of_o the_o monastery_n to_o his_o prudence_n and_o at_o last_o appoint_v he_o his_o successor_n in_o the_o bishopric_n as_o touch_v the_o forementioned_a nobleman_n who_o oppose_v this_o holy_a bishop_n it_o be_v write_v to_o this_o effect_n that_o st._n kentigern_n at_o first_o build_v a_o church_n of_o wood_n and_o lime_n but_o after_o he_o renew_v it_o of_o stone_n although_o he_o be_v therein_o much_o hinder_v and_o molest_v by_o a_o prince_n name_v malgo_n or_o maglocun_fw-fr who_o dwelling_n be_v six_o mile_n thence_o at_o deganwy_n but_o after_o be_v assuage_v he_o permit_v he_o to_o place_n there_o a_o episcopal_n see_v on_o which_o he_o bestow_v both_o ample_a possession_n and_o privilege_n as_o he_o do_v also_o upon_o the_o monastery_n the_o see_v be_v by_o some_o call_v elguy_a or_o llanelwy_a so_o name_v from_o the_o river_n elwy_n over_o which_o it_o be_v seat_v st._n kentigern_n be_v the_o first_o bishop_n thereof_o but_o in_o succeed_a time_n it_o be_v call_v st._n asaph_n from_o the_o next_o succeed_a bishop_n of_o this_o prince_n malgo_n more_o hereafter_o st._n kentigern_n life_n be_v prolong_v till_o after_o st._n augustine_n the_o monk_n come_v into_o britain_n yet_o because_o his_o future_a action_n do_v not_o much_o relate_v to_o the_o general_a affair_n of_o the_o british_a church_n we_o may_v well_o in_o this_o place_n sum_n up_o the_o remainder_n of_o his_o life_n he_o remain_v in_o cambria_n seventeen_o year_n exercise_v most_o perfect_o the_o function_n both_o of_o a_o abbot_n and_o after_o of_o a_o bishop_n at_o elwy_n till_o in_o the_o end_n he_o be_v recalled_a to_o his_o first_o bishopric_n at_o glasco_n in_o this_o admirable_a manner_n after_o that_o all_o his_o enemy_n in_o cambria_n have_v be_v consume_v by_o divers_a calamity_n and_o disease_n the_o inhahitant_n of_o that_o region_n from_o whence_o he_o have_v be_v so_o long_o exile_v through_o his_o absence_n have_v forsake_v the_o way_n of_o the_o lord_n which_o he_o have_v teach_v they_o and_o be_v return_v to_o their_o idolatry_n like_o dog_n to_o their_o vomit_n which_o apostasy_n of_o they_o it_o please_v god_n to_o puntsh_n by_o a_o grievous_a famine_n the_o earth_n the_o sea_n and_o all_o the_o element_n refuse_v their_o accustom_a aid_n and_o comfort_n to_o they_o but_o at_o length_n our_o lord_n be_v please_v to_o raise_v up_o a_o good_a king_n in_o that_o region_n name_v rederech_n who_o have_v be_v baptise_a by_o some_o of_o the_o disciple_n of_o st._n patrick_n and_o who_o be_v very_o desirous_a to_o restore_v the_o faith_n of_o christ_n in_o his_o kingdom_n for_o which_o purpose_n he_o direct_v messenger_n with_o letter_n to_o st._n kentigern_n wherein_o he_o acquaint_v the_o saint_n that_o the_o man_n who_o seek_v his_o life_n be_v dead_a and_o beseech_v he_o that_o he_o will_v no_o long_o be_v absent_a from_o his_o flock_n for_o which_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o sacrifice_v his_o life_n st._n kentigern_n have_v receive_v the_o message_n prepare_v for_o his_o return_n and_o have_v appoint_v st._n asaph_n his_o successor_n in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o elwy_a he_o attend_v with_o 600_o of_o his_o brethren_n take_v his_o journey_n to_o the_o region_n of_o the_o cambrian_o and_o be_v meet_v by_o the_o devout_a king_n and_o great_a number_n of_o his_o people_n give_v thanks_o to_o god_n for_o his_o presence_n upon_o who_o the_o holy_a man_n pronounce_v a_o solemn_a benediction_n after_o this_o he_o cry_v with_o a_o loud_a voice_n in_o the_o name_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n i_o command_v all_o those_o who_o envy_v the_o salvation_n of_o man_n and_o resist_v the_o preach_a of_o god_n word_n to_o depart_v present_o from_o hence_o that_o they_o may_v be_v no_o hindrance_n to_o those_o who_o shall_v believe_v have_v say_v thus_o immediate_o in_o the_o sight_n of_o all_o a_o innumerable_a multitude_n of_o wicked_a spirit_n horrible_a to_o behold_v both_o for_o their_o stature_n and_o shape_v flee_v away_o from_o the_o company_n which_o cause_v a_o wonderful_a fear_n and_o tremble_a in_o they_o but_o the_o holy_a man_n encourage_v and_o comfort_v they_o let_v they_o see_v visible_o who_o they_o be_v in_o who_o they_o have_v believe_v and_o by_o who_o they_o have_v be_v induce_v to_o adore_v dumb_a idol_n or_o the_o element_n which_o be_v creature_n appoint_v by_o god_n for_o their_o use_n and_o service_n and_o for_o woden_n who_o by_o the_o seduction_n of_o the_o saxon_n they_o esteem_v their_o principal_a god_n and_o to_o who_o honour_n they_o consecrate_a the_o four_o day_n of_o the_o week_n he_o show_v that_o he_o be_v no_o better_a than_o a_o mortal_a man_n who_o have_v be_v king_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o ancestor_n to_o several_a nation_n that_o his_o body_n be_v then_o dissolve_v into_o dust_n and_o his_o soul_n torment_v in_o hell_n fire_n for_o ever_o when_o he_o have_v say_v this_o with_o other_o speech_n in_o explanation_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n the_o ground_n on_o which_o he_o sit_v in_o a_o plain_a field_n call_v holdelin_n swell_v up_o under_o he_o in_o the_o sight_n of_o they_o all_o so_o
as_o it_o grow_v to_o a_o reasonable_a high_a hill_n and_o so_o remain_v as_o be_v say_v to_o this_o day_n all_o the_o people_n see_v these_o wonder_n after_o they_o be_v instruct_v in_o the_o faith_n receive_v baptism_n and_o thus_o by_o his_o doctrine_n he_o free_v the_o nation_n of_o the_o pict_n from_o idolatry_n and_o heresy_n he_o convert_v likewise_o the_o country_n of_o albania_n therein_o build_v many_o church_n and_o sound_v many_o monastery_n whilst_o st._n kentigern_n live_v among_o the_o pict_n st._n columba_n by_o the_o english_a call_v columkill_n hear_v in_o his_o monastery_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o hylas_n the_o fame_n of_o this_o holy_a bishop_n come_v with_o a_o great_a troop_n of_o his_o disciple_n to_o visit_v he_o and_o be_v meet_v by_o he_o with_o the_o like_a multitude_n which_o they_o divide_v on_o each_o side_n into_o three_o company_n the_o first_o of_o young_a man_n the_o second_o such_o as_o be_v of_o perfect_a age_n and_o the_o three_o venerable_a old_a man_n all_o which_o on_o the_o way_n towards_o one_o another_o sing_v spiritual_a song_n and_o when_o st._n columba_n come_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o bishop_n turn_v himself_o to_o his_o disciple_n he_o say_v i_o see_v a_o pillar_n of_o fire_n as_o it_o be_v a_o golden_a crown_n in_o the_o three_o choir_n descend_v upon_o the_o bishop_n and_o cast_v a_o celestial_a splendour_n about_o he_o then_o the_o two_o holy_a man_n approach_v to_o one_o another_o with_o great_a fervour_n of_o affection_n give_v and_o receive_v mutual_a kiss_n and_o embrace_n the_o king_n of_o the_o pict_n be_v say_v to_o be_v present_a at_o the_o meeting_n and_o afterward_o st._n columba_n go_v to_o a_o monastery_n join_v to_o the_o castle_n of_o caledonia_n build_v by_o convallus_n there_o instruct_v the_o caledonian_n in_o the_o faith_n the_o horesti_n also_o and_o other_o neighbour_a nation_n in_o the_o same_o place_n be_v afterward_o erect_v a_o church_n dedicate_v to_o st._n columba_n and_o plentiful_o endow_v by_o the_o follow_a king_n of_o the_o scot_n which_o church_n be_v a_o episcopal_n see_v be_v vulgar_o call_v dunkeld_n yet_o it_o may_v be_v likely_a that_o the_o author_n of_o this_o relation_n concern_v the_o church_n of_o dunkeld_n may_v be_v mistake_v confound_v the_o action_n of_o two_o saint_n both_o name_v columba_n for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o st._n columba_n who_o be_v first_o bishop_n of_o dunkeld_n flourish_v almost_o a_o 100_o year_n after_o this_o time_n and_o to_o he_o it_o be_v that_o st._n cuthbert_n be_v then_o a_o child_n be_v recommend_v which_o mistake_n be_v pardonable_a because_o as_o bishop_n usher_n observe_v there_o be_v in_o ireland_n almost_o 20_o several_a man_n of_o the_o name_n columba_n in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 593._o st._n kentigern_n out_o of_o britain_n and_o a_o bishop_n call_v alban_n out_o of_o ireland_n go_v to_o rome_n to_o visit_v pope_n gregory_n the_o great_a say_v bishop_n usher_n and_o as_o it_o may_v be_v probable_o guess_v at_o from_o a_o consideration_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o church_n in_o those_o time_n upon_o this_o special_a occasion_n the_o famous_a council_n of_o chalcedon_n have_v condemn_v eutyches_n and_o his_o doctrine_n which_o confound_v the_o two_o nature_n in_o christ_n be_v reject_v by_o a_o faction_n of_o the_o eutychian_o call_v acephali_n because_o it_o seem_v to_o they_o to_o favour_v the_o contrary_a heresy_n of_o the_o nestorian_n former_o condemn_v who_o acknowledge_v not_o only_o two_o nature_n but_o two_o person_n in_o our_o lord_n the_o ground_n on_o which_o the_o acephali_n charge_v the_o council_n be_v first_o because_o it_o seem_v to_o approve_v a_o epistle_n of_o ibas_n bishop_n of_o edessa_n and_o second_o the_o write_n of_o theodorus_n bishop_n of_o mopsuestia_n full_a of_o blasphemous_a passage_n savour_v of_o nestorianism_n three_o because_o it_o have_v receive_v into_o communion_n theodoret_n bishop_n of_o cyrrhus_n who_o have_v write_v sharp_o against_o the_o 12_o capita_n of_o st._n cyril_n hereupon_o the_o emperor_n justinian_n be_v desirous_a to_o repress_v the_o acephali_n who_o have_v raise_v great_a commotion_n in_o egypt_n and_o the_o east_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o theodorus_n bishop_n of_o caesarea_n in_o cappadocia_n a_o secret_a favourite_n of_o the_o acephali_n publish_v a_o large_a edict_n call_v tria_fw-la capitula_fw-la in_o which_o he_o proscribe_v ibas_n theodius_n and_o theodoret_n procure_v likewise_o a_o condemnation_n of_o their_o write_n as_o heretical_a from_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o east_n notwithstanding_o menas_n bishop_n of_o constantinople_n in_o his_o subscription_n to_o the_o emperor_n decree_n add_v this_o condition_n if_o these_o thing_n be_v approve_v by_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n so_o as_o justinian_n perceive_v that_o without_o the_o sentence_n of_o the_o pope_n his_o attempt_n will_v be_v inneffectual_a call_v vigilius_n than_o bishop_n of_o rome_n from_o thence_o to_o constantinople_n who_o at_o his_o departure_n be_v serious_o admonish_v by_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n africa_n sardinia_n greece_n and_o illyricum_n that_o he_o shall_v by_o no_o mean_n consent_n to_o any_o novelty_n nor_o suffer_v any_o prejudice_n to_o the_o council_n of_o chalcedon_n in_o compliance_n with_o who_o by_o letter_n to_o menas_n he_o free_o reprehend_v their_o condemnation_n of_o the_o three_o bishop_n desire_v justinian_n to_o recall_v his_o decree_n and_o when_o he_o come_v to_o constantinople_n he_o suspend_v from_o his_o communion_n the_o bishop_n which_o have_v subscribe_v the_o say_a condemnation_n and_o yet_o five_o month_n after_o at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o empress_n theodora_n he_o restore_v they_o to_o his_o communion_n and_o though_o he_o will_v not_o subscribe_v to_o the_o emperor_n decree_n by_o his_o consent_n the_o whole_a cause_n be_v discuss_v in_o a_o synod_n of_o 70_o bishop_n at_o constantinople_n and_o when_o the_o suffrage_n of_o the_o bishop_n be_v bring_v to_o he_o he_o write_v a_o decree_n which_o he_o send_v to_o menas_n in_o which_o also_o he_o confirm_v the_o tria_fw-la capitula_fw-la howbeit_o this_o condescension_n of_o vigilius_n to_o avoid_v a_o rent_n in_o the_o eastern_a church_n be_v ill_o take_v in_o the_o west_n insomuch_o as_o the_o bishop_n of_o africa_n illyricum_n and_o dalmatia_n withdraw_v themselves_o from_o his_o communion_n and_o facundus_n who_o defend_v their_o cause_n call_v he_o a_o prevaricator_n upon_o which_o vigilius_n endeavour_v to_o persuade_v the_o emperor_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o menas_n and_o other_o eastern_a bishop_n that_o whatever_o have_v pass_v on_o either_o side_n shall_v be_v rescind_v and_o that_o a_o synod_n shall_v be_v assemble_v to_o which_o particular_o the_o african_a and_o illyrian_a bishop_n who_o have_v be_v scandalize_v shall_v be_v call_v but_o they_o be_v unwilling_a to_o obey_v vigilius_n be_v deal_v withal_o that_o in_o case_n the_o western_a bishop_n will_v not_o comply_v he_o join_v with_o the_o greek_n shall_v condemn_v the_o three_o bishop_n which_o he_o utter_o refuse_v the_o emperor_n decree_n be_v notwithstanding_o publish_v and_o when_o vigilius_n together_o with_o dacius_n bishop_n of_o milan_n threaten_v the_o grecian_a bishop_n with_o excommunication_n in_o case_n they_o consent_v to_o the_o decree_n the_o emperor_n be_v so_o incense_v that_o vigilius_n be_v force_v to_o sly_a for_o refuge_n into_o st._n peter_n church_n from_o which_o sanctuary_n when_o the_o emperor_n officer_n endeavour_v to_o draw_v he_o he_o be_v repel_v by_o a_o tumult_n of_o the_o people_n but_o many_o injury_n be_v still_o offer_v to_o vigilius_n he_o flee_v by_o night_n to_o chalcedon_n into_o the_o church_n of_o st._n euphremia_n but_o the_o constancy_n of_o vigilius_n procure_v this_o effect_n that_o lay_v aside_o the_o imperial_a edict_n the_o discussion_n of_o the_o whole_a cause_n shall_v be_v reserve_v to_o a_o synod_n which_o the_o pope_n desire_v to_o have_v celebrate_v in_o italy_n but_o the_o grecian_n refuse_v it_o be_v agree_v that_o a_o equal_a number_n of_o western_a bishop_n shall_v be_v summon_v to_o constantinople_n which_o agreement_n notwithstanding_o the_o emperor_n summon_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o eastern_a patriarch_n thus_o a_o council_n of_o eastern_a bishop_n only_o meet_v at_o which_o vigilius_n refuse_v to_o be_v present_a not_o esteem_v it_o canonical_a in_o regard_n the_o western_a bishop_n be_v absent_a who_o be_v most_o concern_v in_o the_o affair_n however_o after_o 20_o day_n respite_n obtain_v vigilius_n send_v a_o writing_n to_o the_o emperor_n which_o he_o call_v a_o constitutum_fw-la wherein_o he_o at_o large_a give_v his_o judgement_n of_o the_o tria_fw-la capitula_fw-la tell_v he_o that_o as_o to_o the_o blasphemy_n of_o theodorus_n he_o do_v abhor_v they_o but_o in_o imitation_n of_o the_o council_n of_o ephesus_n will_v spare_v his_o name_n again_o that_o it_o will_v be_v superfluous_a to_o cast_v any_o infamy_n on_o the_o
reign_n vortipor_n prince_n of_o the_o dimetae_n succeed_v he_o by_o gildas_n he_o be_v style_v a_o tyrant_n who_o in_o his_o old_a age_n ascend_v the_o throne_n by_o civil_a discord_n be_v a_o wicked_a son_n of_o a_o good_a prince_n defile_v by_o many_o parricide_n and_o adultery_n who_o think_v to_o rid_v himself_o of_o his_o lawful_a wife_n wallow_v in_o lust_n with_o her_o impudent_a daughter_n and_o thereupon_o he_o exhort_v he_o by_o a_o timely_a repentance_n to_o avert_v god_n judgement_n his_o reign_n likewise_o last_v only_o four_o year_n his_o throne_n be_v invade_v by_o malgo_n conanus_fw-la or_o maglocunus_fw-la a_o prince_n no_o less_o vicious_a than_o his_o predecessor_n for_o he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v murder_v his_o uncle_n prince_n of_o venedocia_fw-la call_v catwallain_n with_o the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o nobility_n this_o be_v the_o same_o maglocunus_fw-la who_o afford_v to_o st._n kentigern_n a_o place_n for_o a_o church_n and_o monastery_n and_o after_o be_v torment_v with_o a_o remorse_n for_o his_o parricide_n he_o relinquish_v the_o world_n and_o retire_v into_o a_o monastery_n where_o he_o undertake_v a_o monastical_a profession_n but_o the_o spark_n of_o ambition_n thus_o cover_v break_v forth_o again_o into_o a_o flame_n so_o that_o quit_v his_o solitude_n he_o return_v to_o all_o his_o former_a crime_n and_o become_v a_o insular_n dragon_n depress_v other_o tyrant_n and_o by_o strengthen_v himself_o with_o their_o power_n become_v the_o great_a tyrant_n in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n a_o great_a battle_n be_v fight_v between_o the_o britain_n and_o kenric_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a near_a sorbiodunum_n or_o salisbury_n in_o which_o combat_n after_o much_o bloodshed_n the_o britain_n be_v at_o last_o force_v to_o fly_v four_o year_n after_o the_o britain_n thirst_v to_o avenge_v themselves_o of_o this_o defeat_n gather_v together_o all_o their_o best_a force_n against_o who_o cenric_n with_o his_o son_n ceaulin_n march_v the_o army_n meet_v in_o the_o province_n of_o the_o dobuni_n or_o oxfordshire_n at_o banbury_n the_o britain_n divide_v their_o army_n into_o nine_o body_n three_o of_o which_o they_o place_v in_o the_o front_n three_o in_o the_o midst_n and_o three_o in_o the_o rear_n the_o saxon_n though_o inferior_a in_o number_n yet_o exceed_v they_o in_o stature_n and_o length_n and_o fight_v all_o in_o one_o body_n the_o combat_n be_v bloody_a continue_v till_o night_n doubtful_a it_o be_v which_o have_v the_o better_a after_o which_o many_o battle_n pass_v between_o they_o wherein_o for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o victory_n fall_v to_o the_o westsaxons_a while_o the_o britain_n and_o saxon_n contend_v in_o the_o west_n the_o pict_n beyond_o the_o frith_n of_o edinburgh_n make_v bridius_n their_o king_n who_o be_v nephew_n to_o loath_a their_o former_a king._n in_o the_o nine_o year_n of_o bridius_n st._n columba_n come_v out_o of_o ireland_n into_o britain_n be_v the_o year_n of_o grace_n 565._o the_o year_n follow_v die_v the_o tyrant_n maglocunus_fw-la after_o who_o careticus_fw-la take_v upon_o he_o to_o sustain_v the_o state_n of_o britain_n every_o day_n more_o and_o more_o fall_v to_o ruin_n but_o with_o ill_a success_n for_o beside_o that_o god_n have_v fix_v a_o period_n to_o that_o state_n this_o prince_n prove_v no_o better_a than_o his_o predecessor_n but_o like_o they_o stain_v with_o all_o vice_n gildas_n seem_v to_o give_v a_o shameful_a character_n to_o several_a prince_n by_o his_o manner_n of_o writing_n most_o of_o they_o seem_v to_o have_v reign_v in_o several_a province_n at_o the_o same_o time_n for_o beside_o this_o bridius_n he_o direct_v the_o point_n of_o his_o sharp_a style_n against_o one_o name_v lunegasla_n by_o interpretation_n the_o yellow_a lion_n who_o he_o accuse_v of_o all_o sort_n of_o crime_n impiety_n against_o god_n and_o savage_a cruelty_n to_o his_o subject_n repudiate_a his_o lawful_a wife_n and_o violate_v his_o sister_n who_o after_o widowhood_n have_v vow_v chastity_n to_o god_n and_o by_o many_o injury_n afflict_v holy_a man_n and_o priest_n who_o cease_v not_o to_o offer_v up_o their_o sigh_n and_o prayer_n for_o he_o gildas_n therefore_o exhort_v he_o to_o change_v his_o life_n that_o he_o may_v reap_v the_o benefit_n of_o their_o prayer_n who_o have_v power_n to_o bind_v in_o heaven_n what_o they_o have_v bind_v in_o this_o world_n and_o to_o loose_v such_o as_o be_v penitent_a now_o by_o the_o impiety_n of_o these_o prince_n the_o reader_n may_v observe_v the_o justice_n of_o god_n severity_n against_o so_o wicked_a a_o nation_n from_o which_o he_o take_v the_o spiritual_a kingdom_n of_o christ_n and_o bestow_v it_o upon_o a_o people_n which_o bring_v forth_o better_a fruit_n yet_o out_o of_o this_o dunghill_n of_o vice_n some_o pearl_n be_v to_o be_v gather_v for_o here_o we_o find_v the_o wise_a gildas_n commend_v a_o perpetual_a vow_n of_o chastity_n make_v not_o only_o by_o virgin_n but_o by_o widow_n also_o the_o infringe_n of_o which_o vow_n he_o bitter_o inveigh_v against_o and_o acknowledge_v in_o god_n priest_n a_o power_n of_o retain_v and_o absolve_v sinner_n not_o by_o way_n of_o declaration_n only_o but_o of_o authority_n and_o jurisdiction_n also_o in_o the_o year_n 559._o die_v ida_n king_n of_o the_o northumbrian_n to_o who_o succeed_v his_o son_n alla_n who_o empire_n extend_v both_o over_o the_o deiri_n and_o bernicians_n yet_o be_v there_o in_o some_o of_o those_o province_n british_a prince_n who_o call_v themselves_o king_n though_o in_o dependence_n on_o he_o such_o as_o morken_n king_n of_o the_o cumbrians_n which_o dependant_a prince_n have_v upon_o treaty_n a_o promissive_a authority_n in_o their_o peculiar_a province_n this_o age_n afford_v a_o example_n of_o the_o zeal_n and_o authority_n of_o a_o holy_a bishop_n exercise_v synodical_o and_o of_o a_o prince_n devout_a submission_n to_o this_o authority_n the_o bishop_n name_n be_v st._n oudoceus_n son_n of_o anaumeda_n sister_n of_o st._n thelian_a and_o budit_n a_o prince_n of_o little_a britain_n this_o saint_n oudoceus_n from_o his_o infancy_n be_v addict_v to_o piety_n assiduous_a in_o fast_v watch_v and_o prayer_n for_o a_o everlasting_a reward_n in_o devotion_n he_o visited_n the_o monument_n of_o st._n peter_n at_o rome_n and_o at_o his_o return_n he_o go_v to_o the_o place_n of_o st._n david_n and_o from_o thence_o he_o divert_v to_o the_o church_n of_o st._n thelian_a take_v with_o he_o certain_a relic_n which_o during_o his_o pilgrimage_n he_o have_v obtain_v afterward_o he_o succeed_v st._n thelian_a in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o landaff_n imitate_v he_o in_o his_o doctrine_n virtue_n and_o miracle_n as_o for_o the_o prince_n submit_v to_o the_o authority_n of_o this_o holy_a man_n his_o name_n be_v mouric_n son_n of_o theodoric_n prince_n of_o glamorganshire_n who_o be_v weary_a of_o worldly_a vanity_n undertake_v a_o monastical_a profession_n and_o serve_v almighty_a god_n in_o solitude_n have_v transfer_v his_o principality_n on_o his_o son_n mouric_n into_o which_o he_o be_v no_o soon_o enter_v but_o the_o saxon_n break_v into_o his_o country_n and_o begin_v to_o waste_v it_o whereupon_o the_o inhabitant_n repair_v to_o their_o former_a prince_n theoderic_n who_o they_o even_o compel_v to_o quit_v his_o desert_n and_o to_o be_v their_o general_n in_o the_o war_n he_o full_a of_o divine_a courage_n encounter_v the_o infidel_n enemy_n who_o he_o put_v to_o flight_n at_o tintern_n near_o the_o river_n vaga_n but_o have_v receive_v a_o mortal_a wound_n in_o the_o combat_n he_o return_v homeward_o and_o give_v charge_n to_o his_o son_n mouric_n that_o in_o what_o place_n soever_o he_o shall_v end_v his_o life_n he_o shall_v there_o build_v a_o church_n to_o god_n and_o a_o sepulchre_n for_o himself_o and_o so_o not_o have_v pass_v five_o mile_n at_o a_o place_n where_o vaga_n and_o severn_n meet_v he_o give_v up_o his_o spirit_n there_o do_v his_o son_n mouric_n erect_v a_o church_n wherein_o he_o lay_v his_o father_n body_n who_o posterity_n venerate_v as_o a_o saint_n call_v the_o place_n from_o his_o name_n merther_n tendric_n at_o this_o day_n more_o contract_o merthern_a in_o the_o same_o place_n be_v seat_v say_v bishop_n godwin_n the_o house_n and_o possession_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o landaff_n add_v that_o mouric_n first_o of_o his_o own_o accord_n give_v to_o that_o church_n a_o farm_n call_v mochros_n lie_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n vaga_n together_o with_o the_o porthasseg_n and_o the_o church_n of_o gurvid_n and_o after_o for_o the_o expiation_n of_o a_o murder_n commit_v by_o he_o on_o a_o person_n call_v cynetu_n contrary_a to_o a_o league_n by_o oath_n contract_v between_o they_o he_o add_v other_o possession_n he_o have_v two_o son_n arthruis_n and_o frior_fw-la and_o by_o arthruis_n a_o grandchild_n call_v morcant_a this_o be_v
that_o prince_n mouric_n and_o this_o the_o crime_n against_o which_o bishop_n oudoceus_n exercise_v his_o spiritual_a authority_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o act_n of_o a_o synod_n of_o landaff_n late_o rescue_v from_o darkness_n and_o worm_n by_o our_o diligent_a antiquary_n sir_n henry_n spelman_n where_o be_v declare_v by_o that_o synod_n assemble_v by_o st._n oudoceus_n three_o bishop_n of_o landaff_n that_o in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 560._o mouric_n king_n of_o glamorgan_n for_o his_o perfidious_a murder_v of_o cynetu_n be_v excommunicate_v king_n mauric_n and_o cynetu_n meet_v together_o at_o landaff_n and_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o st._n oudoceus_n swear_v before_o the_o relic_n of_o saint_n there_o before_o they_o that_o they_o will_v observe_v a_o firm_a peace_n between_o they_o some_o space_n after_o this_o solemn_a oath_n king_n mauric_n by_o treachery_n slay_v cynetu_n whereupon_o bishop_n oudoceus_n call_v together_o all_o ecclesiastic_n from_o the_o mouth_n of_o taratyrenguy_a to_o tivy_a together_o with_o three_o abbot_n cousin_n abbot_n of_o the_o valley_n of_o garben_n cargen_n abbot_n of_o ildute_n and_o sulgen_n abbot_n of_o docquini_n and_o in_o a_o full_a synod_n do_v excommunicate_a king_n mouric_n for_o the_o murder_n by_o he_o commit_v and_o for_o perjury_n in_o transgress_v the_o covenant_n make_v in_o his_o presence_n and_o on_o the_o altar_n of_o st._n peter_n the_o apostle_n and_o of_o st._n dubritius_fw-la and_o st._n thelian_a moreover_o incline_v the_o cross_n towards_o the_o ground_n he_o interdict_v the_o country_n of_o mauric_n and_o so_o dismiss_v the_o king_n the_o christian_a communion_n also_o curse_v the_o king_n with_o his_o progeny_n the_o whole_a synod_n confirm_v it_o say_v let_v his_o day_n be_v few_o his_o child_n orphan_n and_o his_o wife_n a_o widow_n the_o king_n remain_v with_o his_o whole_a region_n the_o space_n of_o two_o year_n and_o more_o thus_o excommunicate_v after_o be_v sensible_a of_o the_o perdition_n of_o his_o own_o soul_n and_o the_o damnation_n of_o his_o whole_a kingdom_n he_o can_v no_o long_o sustain_v so_o dreadful_a a_o excommunication_n but_o humble_o beg_v pardon_n at_o landaff_n of_o bishop_n oudoceus_n who_o therefore_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o three_o abbot_n impose_v on_o he_o the_o yoke_n of_o penance_n proportionable_a to_o the_o quality_n and_o heinousness_n of_o his_o crime_n the_o king_n all_o the_o while_n humble_o incline_v his_o head_n and_o shed_v tear_n abundant_o his_o penance_n be_v to_o satisfy_v god_n by_o fast_v prayer_n and_o alm_n king_n mauric_n undertake_v the_o yoke_n of_o penance_n and_o for_o the_o redemption_n of_o his_o own_o soul_n and_o the_o soul_n of_o cynetu_n he_o give_v to_o the_o church_n of_o landaff_n and_o the_o bishop_n thereof_o four_o village_n with_o their_o entire_a liberty_n free_a from_o all_o service_n forever_o with_o common_a through_o his_o country_n for_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o those_o village_n in_o all_o field_n wood_n pasture_n and_o water_n these_o four_o village_n contain_v 24_o modii_fw-la of_o land_n the_o first_o be_v call_v kirgracnauc_v the_o second_o nantavo_n the_o three_o a_o village_n beyond_o kadava_n where_o cynetu_n be_v slay_v the_o four_o a_o village_n beyond_o nadava_n call_v gudberdh_n this_o be_v the_o form_n of_o the_o first_o synod_n of_o landaff_n out_o of_o which_o we_o may_v collect_v much_o of_o the_o religion_n and_o discipline_n of_o that_o age_n the_o same_o bishop_n oudoceus_n for_o very_a like_o cause_n assemble_v two_o synod_n more_o extant_a in_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n the_o occasion_n whereof_o and_o proceed_n wherein_n here_o brief_o follow_v king_n morcant_a and_o his_o uncle_n frioc_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o st._n oudoceus_n and_o the_o three_o forenamed_a abbot_n at_o the_o poduim_n or_o church_n of_o st._n ildutus_n take_v their_o oath_n at_o the_o holy_a altar_n on_o which_o be_v place_v the_o relic_n of_o saint_n that_o they_o will_v observe_v peace_n and_o amity_n together_o without_o any_o guile_n add_v that_o if_o either_o of_o they_o shall_v kill_v or_o commit_v treachery_n against_o the_o other_o he_o shall_v not_o redeem_v his_o crime_n by_o money_n or_o land_n but_o shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o quit_v his_o kingdom_n and_o spend_v his_o whole_a life_n in_o foreign_a pilgrimage_n a_o good_a while_n after_o which_o covenant_n make_v morcant_a by_o the_o instigation_n of_o the_o devil_n slay_v his_o uncle_n but_o soon_o after_o come_v to_o the_o holy_a bishop_n oudoceus_n and_o humble_o crave_v pardon_n for_o his_o homicide_n and_o perjury_n the_o bishop_n thereupon_o assemble_v a_o synod_n at_o the_o monastery_n of_o the_o vale_n of_o carban_n to_o which_o come_v all_o the_o clergy_n and_o king_n morcant_a also_o with_o the_o principal_a person_n of_o glamorganshire_n the_o synod_n unwilling_a to_o be_v deprive_v of_o their_o natural_a lord_n give_v judgement_n that_o the_o king_n shall_v redeem_v his_o pilgrimage_n with_o alm_n prayer_n and_o fast_v which_o penance_n the_o king_n lay_v his_o hand_n on_o the_o four_o gospel_n and_o relic_n of_o saint_n undertake_v to_o perform_v promise_v withal_o that_o ever_o after_o he_o will_v in_o all_o thing_n merciful_o execute_v justice_n the_o penance_n finish_v and_o the_o king_n restore_v to_o christian_a communion_n he_o present_o proclaim_v the_o church_n of_o catoc_n ildut_n and_o docunni_n free_a from_o all_o regal_a service_n thus_o be_v the_o second_o synod_n the_o three_o be_v assemble_v many_o year_n after_o upon_o this_o occasion_n a_o certain_a british_a prince_n name_v guidnerth_n in_o a_o contention_n for_o the_o principality_n slay_v his_o brother_n mercheen_n for_o which_o he_o be_v excommunicate_v by_o st._n oudoceus_n in_o a_o full_a synod_n in_o testimony_n of_o which_o excommunication_n the_o cross_n be_v take_v down_o and_o the_o cymbal_n be_v turn_v thus_o he_o remain_v exclude_v from_o christian_a communion_n for_o the_o space_n of_o three_o year_n at_o the_o end_n of_o which_o demand_v pardon_n he_o be_v send_v into_o the_o lesser_a britain_n to_o st._n samson_n archbishop_n of_o dole_n from_o he_o to_o receive_v judgement_n and_o suitable_a penance_n this_o be_v do_v partly_o because_o of_o the_o great_a amity_n between_o these_o bishop_n but_o chief_o because_o the_o same_o language_n be_v speak_v in_o both_o country_n he_o will_v the_o more_o free_o discover_v his_o fault_n and_o require_v indulgence_n for_o the_o same_o this_o voyage_n be_v undertake_v by_o guidnerth_n who_o have_v obtain_v absolution_n he_o return_v with_o letter_n seal_v by_o st._n samson_n before_o the_o year_n be_v end_v but_o because_o he_o have_v not_o according_a to_o his_o injunction_n remain_v a_o whole_a year_n in_o exile_n the_o bishop_n will_v not_o take_v off_o his_o excommunication_n present_o after_o st._n oudoceus_n die_v to_o who_o berthguin_n succeed_v in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o landaff_n to_o he_o king_n morcant_a and_o guidnerth_n make_v a_o carne_a request_n to_o take_v off_o the_o say_a excommunication_n and_o to_o raise_v again_o from_o the_o earth_n the_o cross_n and_o cymbal_n with_o the_o holy_a relic_n whereupon_o after_o a_o promise_n make_v by_o guidnerth_n to_o make_v satisfaction_n for_o his_o crime_n by_o fast_v prayer_n and_o alm_n he_o be_v at_o last_o with_o great_a devotion_n and_o many_o tear_n shed_v absolve_v by_o the_o bishop_n after_o which_o guidnerth_n to_o testify_v his_o gratitude_n give_v to_o the_o church_n of_o landaff_n these_o land_n lanu_n catigual_n and_o tye_n with_o all_o the_o wood_n and_o seacoast_n etc._n etc._n bishop_n godwin_n affirm_v this_o three_o synod_n to_o be_v celebrate_v by_o another_o bishop_n of_o landaff_n and_o that_o guidnerth_n the_o fratricide_n give_v lancadwallader_n now_o call_v bishton_n or_o bishopston_n to_o the_o church_n of_o landaff_n which_o manor_n he_o say_v be_v the_o only_a manor_n that_o be_v leave_v to_o that_o see._n the_o author_n of_o the_o life_n of_o st._n oudoceus_n relate_v that_o he_o quit_v his_o pastoral_a cure_n and_o build_v a_o monastery_n near_o the_o river_n weigh_v and_o there_o assemble_v a_o great_a multitude_n of_o brethren_n spend_v the_o remainder_n of_o his_o life_n which_o last_v many_o year_n in_o wonderful_a abstinence_n and_o sanctity_n so_o as_o it_o may_v seem_v this_o three_o synod_n be_v not_o hold_v in_o his_o day_n we_o often_o have_v have_v occasion_n to_o draw_v testimony_n from_o our_o famous_a historian_n gildas_n surnamed_n badonicus_n and_o sapiens_fw-la call_v also_o the_o young_a gildas_n to_o distinguish_v he_o from_o gildas_n albanius_n beforementioned_a now_o because_o we_o be_v come_v beyond_o the_o time_n of_o those_o prince_n who_o have_v be_v paint_v out_o by_o he_o in_o their_o foul_a colour_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o say_v what_o may_v be_v find_v of_o this_o our_o young_a gildas_n by_o his_o own_o testimony_n he_o be_v bear_v in_o the_o same_o year_n when_o the_o great_a battle_n be_v
god_n threaten_v but_o the_o king_n fill_v with_o fury_n will_v not_o understand_v that_o he_o may_v do_v right_a but_o swear_v he_o will_v take_v revenge_n of_o the_o kingdred_n of_o st._n columba_n and_o make_v they_o all_o slave_n and_o in_o pursuance_n of_o his_o oath_n he_o gather_v a_o mighty_a army_n 23000_o of_o horse_n foot_n and_o chariot_n and_o with_o it_o march_v to_o the_o confine_n of_o that_o country_n whither_o st._n columba_n go_v with_o resolution_n utter_o to_o extirpate_v the_o inhabitant_n when_o therefore_o the_o people_n of_o conal_a hear_v of_o the_o king_n come_v they_o likewise_o assemble_v the_o number_n of_o 3000._o resolve_v to_o fight_v manful_o in_o defence_n of_o their_o country_n be_v in_o so_o great_a danger_n and_o place_v all_o their_o hope_n in_o god_n alone_o st._n columba_n rise_v very_o early_o and_o be_v full_a of_o god_n spirit_n encourage_v they_o and_o with_o a_o loud_a voice_n which_o sound_v terrible_o through_o the_o whole_a army_n he_o say_v to_o they_o fear_v nothing_o god_n himself_o shall_v fight_v for_o you_o as_o he_o do_v with_o moses_n against_o the_o egyptian_n at_o the_o red_a sea_n not_o any_o of_o you_o shall_v suffer_v the_o least_o harm_n for_o our_o lord_n wrath_n be_v inflame_v against_o the_o proud_a king_n army_n so_o that_o if_o one_o only_a person_n shall_v in_o the_o name_n of_o god_n give_v the_o assault_n he_o alone_o by_o the_o power_n of_o god_n shall_v put_v they_o to_o slight_v be_v courageous_a therefore_o not_o a_o man_n of_o you_o shall_v fall_v in_o this_o combat_n when_o he_o have_v speak_v this_o which_o his_o army_n believe_v as_o a_o assurance_n from_o heaven_n a_o few_o of_o his_o soldier_n the_o same_o moment_n with_o wonderful_a courage_n rush_v upon_o their_o enemy_n who_o expect_v they_o not_o and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n a_o angel_n of_o god_n arm_v like_o a_o soldier_n and_o in_o the_o shape_n of_o a_o man_n of_o a_o incredible_a high_a stature_n appear_v in_o the_o king_n camp_n his_o aspect_n be_v so_o terrible_a that_o the_o soldier_n heart_n utter_o fail_v they_o and_o instead_o of_o resist_v their_o enemy_n fall_v one_o upon_o another_o in_o haste_n to_o fly_v away_o and_o such_o a_o confusion_n there_o be_v of_o chariot_n and_o horse_n that_o they_o kill_v one_o another_o so_o that_o a_o handful_n of_o man_n without_o any_o loss_n defeat_v a_o great_a army_n take_v many_o prisoner_n after_o this_o wonderful_a victory_n the_o man_n of_o god_n address_v his_o speech_n to_o a_o youngman_n name_v scandalan_n with_o a_o prophetic_a voice_n say_v my_o son_n this_o day_n will_v procure_v for_o i_o a_o tedious_a pilgrimage_n in_o a_o strange_a country_n where_o i_o must_v live_v from_o my_o friend_n many_o year_n but_o say_v nothing_o of_o what_o i_o tell_v thou_o till_o the_o event_n show_v the_o truth_n of_o my_o word_n after_o this_o st._n columba_n go_v to_o st._n finian_n or_o st._n findbar_n a_o bishop_n to_o receive_v condign_a penance_n from_o he_o because_o of_o so_o much_o bloodshed_n in_o the_o say_a war_n and_o it_o be_v say_v a_o angel_n of_o god_n go_v with_o he_o shine_v with_o wonderful_a brightness_n but_o be_v visible_a to_o none_o but_o st._n finian_n the_o penance_n enjoin_v by_o this_o holy_a bishop_n to_o st._n columba_n be_v that_o by_o preach_v and_o example_n he_o shall_v bring_v as_o many_o soul_n to_o heaven_n as_o by_o occasion_n of_o that_o war_n be_v sink_v to_o hell_n after_o which_o sentence_n st._n columba_n with_o great_a joy_n declare_v that_o the_o judgement_n pronounce_v against_o he_o be_v equal_a and_o just_a howbeit_o this_o holy_a man_n trouble_n do_v not_o end_v thus_o for_o he_o be_v censure_v in_o a_o synod_n of_o bishop_n to_o abstain_v from_o the_o communion_n though_o not_o without_o the_o dissent_n of_o many_o in_o it_o insomuch_o as_o great_a contention_n and_o dispute_n arise_v among_o the_o clergy_n for_o the_o compose_v whereof_o st._n columba_n himself_o send_v a_o letter_n to_o st._n gildas_n st._n columba_n weary_v with_o these_o ecclesiastical_a contention_n resolve_v to_o quit_v his_o native_a country_n but_o not_o permit_v to_o choose_v his_o place_n of_o exile_n he_o by_o a_o messenger_n consult_v the_o holy_a man_n st._n brendan_n abbot_n of_o birre_n to_o who_o god_n have_v give_v the_o spirit_n of_o council_n and_o discretion_n who_o after_o he_o have_v lift_v his_o eye_n and_o heart_n to_o heaven_n command_v to_o dig_v under_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o messenger_n where_o be_v find_v a_o stone_n on_o which_o be_v engrave_v only_o the_o letter_n i_o whereupon_o he_o bid_v the_o messenger_n to_o tell_v his_o master_n that_o he_o must_v go_v to_o a_o island_n call_v i_o or_o hylas_n where_o he_o shall_v find_v employment_n for_o his_o zeal_n and_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o bring_v many_o soul_n to_o heaven_n but_o hector_n boetius_fw-la assign_v another_o cause_n of_o his_o go_v into_o that_o country_n say_v the_o fame_n of_o the_o great_a devotion_n and_o piety_n of_o conal_a king_n of_o the_o pict_n draw_v st._n columba_n out_o of_o ireland_n into_o britain_n attend_v with_o a_o multitude_n of_o his_o disciple_n where_o he_o become_v the_o father_n and_o director_n of_o many_o monastery_n this_o island_n false_o name_v in_o some_o copy_n be_v at_o last_o call_v jona_n in_o some_o copy_n also_o this_o st._n columba_n be_v confound_v with_o that_o st._n columbanus_n who_o be_v also_o a_o irish_a man_n found_v several_a monastery_n in_o france_n and_o italy_n by_o the_o britain_n st._n columba_n be_v usual_o call_v st._n columkill_n for_o the_o great_a number_n of_o cell_n which_o he_o build_v in_o britain_n the_o author_n of_o his_o life_n after_o he_o have_v extol_v he_o for_o many_o virtue_n and_o austerity_n relate_v a_o prophecy_n of_o he_o to_o this_o effect_n that_o a_o certain_a disciple_n of_o st._n patrick_n name_v macceus_fw-la foretell_v of_o he_o that_o in_o latter_a time_n shall_v be_v bear_v one_o call_v columba_n who_o shall_v illustrate_v the_o age_n wherein_o he_o shall_v live_v and_o be_v high_o favour_v of_o god_n he_o shall_v descend_v from_o noble_a parent_n and_o in_o the_o 45th_o year_n of_o his_o age_n shall_v pass_v over_o out_o of_o ireland_n into_o britain_n where_o he_o shall_v live_v a_o stranger_n in_o exile_n for_o christ_n s._n bede_n relate_v that_o in_o the_o 565._o year_n of_o our_o lord_n when_o justinus_n the_o son_n of_o justinian_n govern_v the_o roman_a empire_n there_o come_v out_o of_o ireland_n a_o certain_a priest_n and_o abbot_n call_v columba_n with_o a_o intention_n to_o preach_v the_o word_n of_o god_n to_o the_o northern_a pict_n whoare_o separate_v from_o the_o southern_a region_n by_o vast_a and_o horrible_a mountain_n for_o as_o for_o the_o pict_n dwell_v on_o the_o south_n of_o those_o mountain_n they_o have_v many_o year_n before_o renounce_v their_o idolatry_n and_o embrace_v the_o christian_a faith_n as_o their_o tradition_n be_v by_o the_o preach_a of_o nynias_n a_o most_o reverend_a and_o holy_a bishop_n bear_v in_o britain_n who_o have_v be_v regular_o instruct_v in_o the_o mystery_n of_o divine_a truth_n at_o rome_n the_o seat_n of_o who_o bishopric_n dignify_v with_o a_o church_n dedicate_v to_o st._n martin_n where_o the_o say_v holy_a bishop_n with_o many_o other_o saint_n do_v rest_n be_v now_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o angli_fw-la the_o place_n pertain_v to_o the_o province_n of_o the_o bernician_o be_v ordinary_o call_v candida_n casa_n or_o white-house_n because_o a_o church_n be_v there_o build_v of_o hewn-stone_n a_o way_n of_o building_n not_o practise_v by_o the_o britain_n now_o columba_n come_v into_o britain_n in_o the_o 9th_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o bridius_n the_o son_n of_o meilochon_n the_o most_o powerful_a king_n of_o the_o pict_n and_o by_o his_o preach_a and_o example_n convert_v that_o nation_n to_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n so_o that_o for_o a_o reward_n he_o receive_v the_o island_n hylas_n or_o jona_n for_o the_o possession_n of_o a_o monastery_n the_o isle_n be_v but_o small_a of_o about_o five_o family_n his_o successor_n long_o hold_v it_o himself_o be_v bury_v in_o it_o be_v 70_o year_n of_o age_n after_o he_o have_v spend_v above_o 32_o year_n in_o it_o this_o holy_a man_n before_o his_o come_n into_o britain_n have_v found_v a_o monastery_n of_o great_a note_n in_o ireland_n name_v in_o that_o tongue_n dearmach_n or_o the_o field_n of_o oakes_n for_o the_o abundance_n of_o they_o there_o grow_v and_o from_o these_o two_o monastery_n of_o hylas_n and_o dearmach_n many_o other_o be_v propagate_v in_o ireland_n and_o britain_n by_o his_o disciple_n among_o all_o which_o notwithstanding_o the_o monastery_n of_o hylas_n in_o which_o his_o sacred_a body_n reside_v have_v the_o pre-eminence_n and_o chief_a
authority_n now_o the_o say_a island_n be_v usual_o govern_v by_o a_o abbot_n who_o be_v a_o priest_n to_o who_o jurisdiction_n the_o whole_a province_n and_o even_a bishop_n themselves_o by_o a_o custom_n no_o where_o else_o practise_v aught_o to_o be_v subject_a according_a to_o the_o example_n of_o their_o first_o teacher_n s_o columba_n who_o be_v only_o a_o priest_n and_o monk_n and_o no_o bishop_n of_o who_o life_n and_o say_n many_o strange_a thing_n be_v extant_a compile_v by_o his_o disciple_n but_o what_o manner_n of_o man_n soever_o he_o be_v sure_o we_o be_v he_o leave_v successor_n famous_a for_o their_o great_a continency_n divine_a love_n and_o regular_a institution_n the_o companion_n to_o st._n columba_n be_v say_v to_o be_v twelve_o who_o come_v with_o he_o into_o albion_n eminent_o endue_v with_o the_o doctrine_n of_o christ_n and_o adorn_v with_o great_a sanctity_n their_o name_n be_v bathemius_n and_o cominus_fw-la afterward_o superior_n over_o monastery_n and_o no_o mean_a ornament_n of_o the_o christian_a church_n among_o the_o scot_n also_o cibthacus_fw-la and_o ethernau_n nephew_n to_o st._n columba_n and_o priest_n moreover_o domitius_n rutius_fw-la and_o fethuo_fw-la man_n illustrious_a for_o their_o descent_n but_o more_o for_o their_o piety_n last_o scandalaus_fw-la eglodeus_fw-la totaveus_n moteser_n and_o gallan_n these_o man_n after_o travel_v through_o the_o region_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n and_o by_o their_o labour_n in_o teach_v dispute_v and_o write_v imbue_v both_o those_o nation_n with_o virtuous_a manner_n and_o true_a religion_n the_o scotish_n writer_n add_v one_o companion_n more_o to_o st._n columba_n namely_o st._n constantine_n former_o king_n of_o the_o britain_n who_o repent_v his_o crime_n sharp_o reprove_v by_o gildas_n become_v a_o monk_n and_o go_v with_o st._n columba_n into_o scotland_n where_o he_o preach_v the_o faith_n to_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n he_o build_v a_o monastery_n in_o govane_n near_o the_o river_n cluid_n which_o he_o govern_v as_o abbot_n he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v convert_v to_o the_o faith_n the_o whole_a province_n of_o kentire_n where_o he_o likewise_o die_v a_o martyr_n and_o be_v bury_v in_o his_o monastery_n in_o govan_n the_o king_n who_o bestow_v the_o isle_n of_o hylas_n upon_o st._n columba_n and_o by_o the_o eminence_n of_o his_o piety_n draw_v he_o thither_o be_v say_v to_o be_v st._n comgal_n or_o conval_n king_n of_o dalrieda_n at_o the_o same_o time_n not_o far_o from_o st._n columba_n live_v st._n kentigern_n late_o return_v to_o his_o bishopric_n of_o glasco_n to_o who_o no_o doubt_n st._n columba_n be_v a_o officious_a assistant_n in_o his_o apostolic_a office._n of_o the_o solemn_a meeting_n of_o these_o two_o saint_n with_o their_o disciple_n we_o have_v already_o speak_v that_o there_o be_v a_o perfect_a agreement_n between_o these_o two_o saint_n and_o their_o disciple_n be_v no_o doubt_n and_o between_o they_o and_o st._n augustine_n also_o except_o in_o one_o rite_n or_o ceremony_n about_o the_o time_n of_o keep_v easter_n upon_o which_o inconsiderable_a difference_n some_o will_v infer_v that_o the_o british_a church_n receive_v their_o faith_n from_o the_o eastern_a church_n and_o not_o from_o rome_n st._n columba_n have_v spend_v more_o than_o 30_o year_n in_o this_o place_n and_o service_n he_o impatient_o beg_v of_o god_n to_o end_v his_o pilgrimage_n after_o his_o prayer_n end_v he_o see_v in_o a_o vision_n certain_a angel_n approach_v to_o he_o to_o conduct_v his_o soul_n to_o heaven_n which_o sight_n be_v so_o joyful_a to_o he_o that_o his_o disciple_n take_v notice_n of_o it_o but_o this_o sight_n be_v soon_o turn_v into_o sorrow_n for_o the_o angel_n tell_v he_o that_o upon_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o pictish_a church_n god_n have_v add_v four_o year_n more_o to_o his_o life_n at_o last_o in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 597._o the_o same_o year_n st._n angustine_n come_v into_o britain_n this_o holy_a man_n die_v and_o his_o holy_a body_n be_v bury_v in_o the_o monastery_n of_o hylas_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v after_o translate_v or_o a_o great_a part_n of_o it_o into_o ireland_n and_o repose_v in_o the_o church_n of_o dun-patrick_n by_o a_o inscription_n on_o his_o monument_n it_o be_v signify_v that_o in_o that_o one_o tomb_n three_o saint_n st._n patrick_n st._n bridget_n and_o st._n columba_n do_v repose_v hitherto_o the_o saxon_a prince_n have_v employ_v their_o force_n to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o britain_n but_o now_o find_v little_a resistance_n from_o they_o turn_v their_o arm_n against_o one_o another_o for_o three_o year_n after_o the_o come_n of_o st._n columba_n into_o britain_n ceaulin_n and_o cutha_n move_v a_o civil_a war_n against_o ethelbert_n which_o ethelbert_n the_o rather_o enter_v into_o because_o the_o power_n of_o ceaulin_n so_o much_o increase_v that_o he_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o title_n of_o monarch_n hereupon_o ethelbert_n a_o valiant_a young_a prince_n mindful_a of_o the_o glory_n of_o his_o ancestor_n who_o have_v always_o enjoy_v a_o pre-eminence_n above_o other_o prince_n resolve_v to_o keep_v it_o and_o raise_v a_o army_n march_v with_o it_o into_o the_o province_n of_o the_o regni_n or_o surry_n where_o pass_v unwary_o over_o a_o little_a river_n call_v wandalis_fw-la he_o be_v rude_o repulse_v by_o ceaulin_n but_o endeavour_v again_o to_o march_v forward_o the_o army_n meet_v at_o a_o village_n call_v wibbandun_v now_o wimbledon_n where_o he_o be_v with_o a_o great_a slaughter_n of_o his_o man_n compel_v to_o fly_v back_o into_o kent_n have_v lose_v his_o two_o chief_a captain_n oslaf_n and_o kneban_n where_o this_o battle_n be_v fight_v still_o remain_v as_o a_o monument_n of_o it_o a_o rampire_n raise_v in_o a_o round_a form_n as_o encompass_v a_o camp_n call_v knebensbury_n ethelbert_n after_o his_o loss_n seek_v to_o strengthen_v himself_o by_o a_o friendship_n and_o confederacy_n with_o the_o neighbour_a powerful_a kingdom_n of_o the_o frank_n to_o make_v which_o confederacy_n more_o last_a he_o desire_v to_o confirm_v it_o by_o marriage_n which_o he_o effect_v this_o kingdom_n heretofore_o be_v call_v gaul_n but_o afterward_o the_o frank_n a_o german_a nation_n under_o their_o king_n pharamont_n invade_v it_o and_o possess_v the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o change_v the_o name_n from_o gaul_n to_o france_n the_o successor_n of_o pharamont_n for_o several_a generation_n be_v pagan_n till_o by_o st._n remigius_n bishop_n of_o rheims_n in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 499._o king_n clodoveus_n be_v convert_v to_o the_o christian_a faith_n and_o with_o he_o the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o kingdom_n which_o faith_n ever_o after_o continue_a and_o increase_v there_o this_o kingdom_n of_o the_o frank_n be_v at_o that_o time_n govern_v by_o four_o king_n son_n of_o clotharius_n a_o daughter_n of_o one_o of_o which_o king_n elthelbert_n marry_v name_v berta_n gregory_n call_v her_o aldiberga_n to_o who_o he_o attribute_n the_o conversion_n of_o the_o the_o saxon_n her_o parent_n not_o without_o some_o difficulty_n deliver_v their_o christian_a daughter_n to_o the_o bed_n of_o a_o pagan_a but_o have_v a_o engagement_n from_o ethelbert_n to_o allow_v she_o and_o her_o family_n a_o entire_a freedom_n in_o religion_n and_o so_o the_o marriage_n be_v conclude_v the_o lady_n be_v accompany_v into_o britain_n by_o a_o prudent_a and_o devout_a bishop_n call_v lethardus_fw-la who_o be_v style_v the_o percursor_n to_o st._n augustine_n and_o one_o who_o open_v the_o door_n to_o christianity_n here_o there_o be_v then_o in_o doroberni_n or_o canterbury_n several_a church_n which_o have_v be_v build_v by_o christian_n many_o age_n before_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o be_v not_o utter_o demolish_v by_o the_o saxon_n among_o which_o the_o queen_n make_v choice_n of_o that_o which_o have_v be_v dedicate_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o st._n martin_n and_o stand_v eastward_o of_o the_o city_n the_o author_n of_o life_n of_o this_o bishop_n lethardus_fw-la tell_v we_o what_o devotion_n this_o queen_n perform_v in_o this_o church_n viz._n that_o she_o and_o her_o family_n frequent_v the_o sacrament_n of_o mass_n and_o prayer_n in_o the_o celebrate_v whereof_o the_o bless_a bishop_n lethardus_fw-la be_v president_n or_o chief_a priest_n the_o say_n or_o sing_v of_o mass_n be_v the_o solemn_a devotion_n of_o the_o church_n in_o those_o time_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o counsel_n of_o orleans_n and_o tours_n celebrate_v in_o these_o very_a time_n insomuch_o as_o st._n columba_n by_o revelation_n know_v the_o death_n of_o st._n brendan_n in_o ireland_n celebrate_v a_o solemn_a mass_n for_o his_o soul._n in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 571._o cuthulf_n the_o brother_n of_o king_n ceaulin_n fight_v with_o the_o britain_n at_o bedanford_n now_o bedford_n and_o have_v obtain_v the_o victory_n he_o take_v from_o they_o four_o royal_a city_n linganburgh_n a_o
place_n now_o unknown_a egelsburgh_n now_o ailesburgh_n in_o buckinghamshire_n bensingtun_n or_o benson_n in_o oxfordshire_n and_o also_o egnesham_n now_o unknown_a after_o which_o victory_n cuthulf_n depart_v this_o life_n in_o the_o year_n 575._o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o east-angle_n be_v erect_v in_o norfolk_n suffolk_z cambridgeshire_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o ely_n the_o name_n of_o the_o first_o king_n be_v offa_n from_o who_o his_o successor_n and_o subject_n be_v call_v vffing_n some_o place_n king_n in_o this_o region_n before_o offa_n time_n if_o such_o be_v they_o seem_v to_o be_v dependant_a and_o upon_o courtesy_n as_o after_o they_o be_v again_o beneficiarii_fw-la sometime_o of_o the_o kentish_a king_n sometime_o of_o the_o mercian_n two_o year_n after_o the_o begin_n of_o offa_n reign_n be_v fight_v a_o battle_n fatal_a to_o the_o britain_n by_o which_o they_o be_v expel_v almost_o out_o of_o all_o the_o fertile_a plain_n of_o this_o island_n and_o drive_v to_o the_o mountain_n of_o wales_n the_o britain_n have_v hitherto_o defend_v themselves_o in_o their_o city_n of_o gloucester_n cirencester_n and_o bath_n but_o this_o year_n ceaulin_n after_o a_o overthrow_n give_v in_o battle_n expugn_v those_o three_o city_n and_o force_v the_o britain_n to_o retire_v into_o mountain_n and_o wood_n this_o battle_n say_v cambden_n be_v fight_v at_o a_o place_n call_v deorham_n after_o which_o the_o city_n of_o bath_n be_v give_v up_o to_o the_o saxon_n and_o in_o this_o battle_n it_o be_v say_v three_o christian_a king_n of_o the_o britain_n be_v slay_v who_o name_n be_v comagil_n candigan_n and_o faringmagil_n so_o that_o ceaulin_n become_v so_o terrible_a to_o the_o britain_n that_o all_o place_n hasten_v to_o render_v themselves_o to_o their_o power_n nevertheless_o the_o britain_n after_o seven_o year_n rest_n again_o attempt_v another_o combat_n with_o the_o saxon_n at_o a_o place_n call_v fedhanlea_n where_o on_o both_o side_n they_o fight_v with_o horrible_a fury_n insomuch_o as_o cuthwin_n the_o son_n of_o ceaulin_n be_v oppress_v with_o multitude_n be_v slay_v but_o ceaulin_n have_v repair_v his_o army_n the_o soldiers_z whereof_o bind_v themselves_o by_o oath_n not_o to_o fly_v at_o last_o in_o battle_n vanquish_v the_o conquer_a britain_n and_o pursue_v they_o too_o many_o province_n and_o innumerable_a spoil_n in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 585._o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o mercian_n take_v beginning_n under_o their_o first_o king_n croeda_n or_o crida_n though_o its_o foundation_n may_v be_v lay_v soon_o this_o crida_n reckon_v himself_o the_o ten_o in_o descent_n from_o woden_n the_o idol_n deity_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o whereas_o the_o other_o possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o outward_a part_n of_o britain_n this_o crida_n pierce_v into_o the_o bowel_n of_o it_o by_o little_a and_o little_o possess_v himself_o of_o all_o the_o province_n towards_o the_o north_n confine_v with_o the_o river_n humber_n and_o mersey_n on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o thames_n on_o the_o east_n with_o severn_n and_o deva_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o german_a ocean_n the_o britain_n themselves_o by_o a_o voluntary_a session_n make_v crida_n way_n very_o easy_a to_o his_o new_a erect_a throne_n in_o which_o he_o as_o yet_o sit_v content_v with_o the_o inferior_a title_n of_o governor_n or_o duke_n for_o the_o saxon_n be_v now_o disperse_v through_o all_o the_o part_n of_o britain_n and_o every_o day_n gain_v more_o strength_n become_v intolerable_o burdensome_a to_o the_o poor_a britain_n and_o be_v infidel_n publish_v law_n extreme_o prejudicial_a to_o christian_a religion_n whereupon_o by_o agreement_n between_o the_o clergy_n and_o other_o british_a inhabitant_n hitherto_o mix_v with_o the_o saxon_n they_o resolve_v to_o quit_v the_o country_n and_o to_o retire_v some_o to_o the_o mountain_n of_o wales_n some_o into_o cornwall_n other_o to_z little_a britain_n and_o other_o christian_a region_n then_o it_o be_v to_o wit_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 586._o that_o the_o archprelate_n theonus_n bishop_n of_o london_n and_o thadioc_n or_o theodoc_n of_o york_n see_v all_o their_o church_n level_v with_o the_o ground_n attend_v with_o many_o ecclesiastic_n sle_z into_o wales_n and_o carry_v with_o they_o the_o sacred_a relic_n of_o saint_n lest_o by_o a_o irruption_n of_o the_o barbarous_a saxon_n the_o sacred_a bone_n of_o so_o many_o and_o so_o great_a saint_n shall_v be_v destroy_v so_o that_o the_o province_n of_o loegria_n and_o northumbria_n be_v utter_o deprive_v of_o christian_a congregation_n upon_o the_o body_n of_o some_o saint_n reverent_o hide_v in_o monument_n great_a heap_n of_o earth_n be_v cast_v lest_o they_o shall_v be_v obnoxious_a to_o the_o contumelious_a scorn_n of_o insidel_n for_o the_o king_n of_o the_o angli_fw-la and_o saxon_n as_o they_o be_v very_o powerful_a in_o arm_n so_o be_v they_o malicious_a pagan_n thirst_v after_o nothing_o more_o than_o the_o disgrace_n of_o christ_n and_o the_o subversion_n of_o his_o worship_n wherever_o they_o subdue_v a_o country_n if_o any_o church_n be_v leave_v untouched_a they_o turn_v it_o into_o a_o temple_n of_o their_o profane_a idol_n with_o their_o impious_a sacrifice_n pollute_v the_o altar_n of_o the_o true_a god._n concern_v this_o theonus_n archbishop_n of_o london_n he_o be_v former_o bishop_n of_o gloucester_n and_o from_o thence_o translate_v to_o london_n in_o the_o year_n 553._o and_o in_o the_o year_n 586._o with_o his_o whole_a clergy_n flee_v as_o be_v say_v into_o his_o own_o country_n afterward_o the_o metropolitical_a dignity_n be_v transfer_v to_o canterbury_n from_o london_n as_o shall_v hereafter_o be_v declare_v and_o never_o after_o the_o departure_n of_o theodoc_n do_v we_o read_v of_o any_o other_o archbishop_n of_o york_n till_o by_o the_o conversion_n of_o edwin_n son_n of_o alla_n king_n of_o the_o northumbrian_n st._n paulinus_n be_v there_o consecrate_a archbishop_n by_o the_o secession_n and_o flight_n of_o the_o british_a clergy_n and_o other_o inhabitant_n there_o remain_v the_o miserable_a relic_n of_o the_o britain_n in_o three_o province_n only_o namely_o in_o cornwall_n stretch_v forth_o itself_o like_o a_o horn_n into_o the_o sea_n in_o south-wales_n and_o north-wales_n with_o these_o narrow_a limit_n they_o be_v force_v to_o be_v content_a nevertheless_o they_o never_o depart_v from_o the_o true_a faith_n of_o christ_n one_o thing_n there_o be_v indeed_o for_o which_o they_o be_v just_o to_o be_v reprehend_v the_o mortal_a hatred_n which_o they_o long_o do_v bear_v to_o the_o english_a nation_n who_o expel_v they_o be_v so_o as_o they_o will_v less_o communicate_v with_o they_o then_o with_o dog_n so_o mistake_v be_v they_o which_o will_v needs_o think_v that_o the_o saxon_n be_v instruct_v in_o christianity_n by_o the_o britain_n and_o not_o by_o st._n augustine_n from_o rome_n the_o saxon_n be_v no_o soon_o in_o a_o secure_a possession_n of_o this_o island_n but_o almighty_a god_n so_o dispose_v the_o effect_n of_o his_o divine_a providence_n as_o to_o prepare_v the_o way_n of_o their_o conversion_n to_o he_o in_o order_n to_o their_o eternal_a happiness_n as_o if_o a_o earthly_a kingdom_n have_v not_o be_v a_o reward_n answerable_a to_o their_o merit_n in_o destroy_v a_o ungrateful_a people_n abandon_v to_o all_o impiety_n the_o instrument_n of_o this_o felicity_n now_o approach_v be_v the_o bless_a man_n st._n gregory_n than_o a_o private_a priest_n though_o soon_o after_o a_o most_o worthy_a successor_n of_o st._n peter_n in_o the_o apostolic_a chair_n at_o rome_n upon_o this_o happy_a occasion_n a_o number_n of_o young_a english_a youth_n be_v bring_v to_o rome_n and_o there_o expose_v to_o the_o public_a market_n to_o be_v sell_v gregory_n excite_v by_o a_o zealous_a affection_n to_o propagate_v the_o name_n of_o christ_n and_o move_v with_o a_o tender_a compassion_n towards_o those_o child_n with_o 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and_o almost_o a_o natural_a
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province_n be_v divide_v and_o what_o prince_n rule_v in_o each_o it_o be_v agree_v on_o all_o hand_n that_o this_o daystar_n of_o christianity_n begin_v to_o shine_v among_o the_o saxon_n in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 590._o for_o then_o the_o apostolic_a messenger_n from_o rome_n receive_v their_o mission_n from_o the_o most_o worthy_a successor_n of_o st._n peter_n st._n gregory_n the_o great_a in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o his_o pontificate_n and_o begin_v their_o journey_n towards_o our_o island_n though_o they_o do_v not_o arrive_v here_o till_o the_o year_n follow_v at_o this_o time_n the_o saxon_a heptarchy_n be_v establish_v in_o britain_n and_o all_o the_o province_n thereof_o be_v entire_o under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o angli_fw-la and_o saxon_n except_o the_o northern_a kingdom_n of_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n the_o western_a part_n in_o cambria_n and_o cornwall_n be_v not_o yet_o whole_o subdue_v by_o the_o saxon_n the_o king_n govern_v the_o heptarchy_n their_o name_n and_o province_n be_v as_o follow_v ethelbert_n be_v then_o in_o the_o 35th_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o be_v the_o son_n of_o irmeric_n son_n of_o otha_n son_n of_o eska_n son_n of_o hengist_n this_o kingdom_n contain_v kent_n as_o now_o bound_v next_o over_o the_o south-saxons_a which_o kingdom_n comprise_v sussex_n and_o surrey_n reign_v eldwalch_n the_o son_n of_o cissa_n the_o son_n of_o ella_n who_o first_o establish_v this_o kingdom_n this_o be_v the_o seven_o year_n of_o eldwalch_n his_o reign_n three_o the_o king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a under_o celric_n in_o his_o first_o year_n as_o nephew_n to_o ceaulin_n who_o found_v this_o kingdom_n in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 519._o within_o his_o dominion_n be_v comprehend_v hampshire_n berkshire_n wiltshire_n somersetshire_n dorsetshire_n devonshire_n and_o part_n of_o cornwall_n next_o over_o the_o east-saxons_a sebert_n be_v in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o be_v the_o son_n of_o sledda_n son_n of_o erkenwin_n who_o in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 527._o establish_a that_o kingdom_n contain_v essex_n middlesex_n and_o so_o much_o of_o hartfordshire_n as_o be_v under_o the_o bishop_n of_o london_n jurisdiction_n who_o diocese_n be_v adequate_a to_o that_o kingdom_n after_o this_o be_v the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o northumber_n to_o which_o belong_v whatever_o lie_v between_o humber_n and_o edinburgh_n it_o be_v sometime_o divide_v into_o two_o kingdom_n of_o bernicia_n and_o deiri_n bernicia_n contain_v northumberland_n with_o the_o south_n of_o scotland_n to_o edinburgh_n the_o deiri_n consist_v of_o part_n of_o lancashire_n with_o the_o entire_a county_n of_o york_n durham_n westmoreland_n and_o cumberland_n the_o whole_a kingdom_n at_o this_o time_n be_v govern_v by_o ethelfrid_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n who_o be_v the_o son_n of_o alla_n son_n of_o ida_n who_o found_v that_o kingdom_n in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 547._o after_o this_o in_o the_o year_n 575._o 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pope_n gregory_n to_o the_o conversion_n of_o the_o saxon_n wibba_n the_o son_n of_o crida_n be_v king_n or_o chief_a governor_n of_o mercia_n which_o crida_n lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o it_o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 585._o these_o be_v the_o saxon_a king_n and_o these_o their_o limit_n when_o almighty_a god_n send_v his_o apostolical_a missioner_n to_o convert_v the_o blind_a saxon_n to_o the_o christian_a faith_n yet_o be_v these_o limit_n in_o continual_a motion_n as_o the_o success_n of_o prince_n prove_v good_a or_o bad_a and_o among_o these_o king_n common_o one_o be_v most_o puissant_a overrule_a the_o rest_n who_o style_v himself_o king_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n which_o supereminence_n ethelbert_n king_n of_o kent_n at_o this_o time_n enjoy_v to_o who_o the_o word_n of_o life_n be_v first_o offer_v and_o by_o he_o thankful_o accept_v thus_o stand_v the_o state_n of_o christianity_n in_o this_o island_n under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o 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epistle_n to_o timothy_n send_v to_o he_o from_o rome_n among_o other_o salutation_n join_v pudens_n and_o claudia_n and_o a_o late_a learned_a writer_n have_v demonstrate_v out_o of_o antiquity_n that_o this_o our_o claudia_n ruffina_n spring_v from_o the_o royal_a blood_n of_o britain_n and_o be_v the_o wife_n and_o mother_n of_o glorious_a saint_n and_o our_o ancient_a history_n report_n that_o timotheus_n the_o elder_a son_n of_o pudens_n come_v into_o this_o our_o island_n and_o convert_v many_o to_o the_o faith_n and_o at_o least_o dispose_v king_n lucius_n to_o his_o succeed_a conversion_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o such_o his_o come_n hither_o may_v be_v the_o love_n and_o regard_n he_o have_v to_o his_o mother_n a_o british_a lady_n it_o be_v pretend_v that_o pomponia_n graecina_n the_o wife_n of_o plantius_n general_n of_o the_o army_n under_o claudius_n in_o this_o island_n be_v a_o christian_a and_o devout_a saint_n but_o this_o may_v be_v doubtful_a though_o it_o be_v 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and_o this_o island_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o quiet_a and_o uninterupted_n solitude_n of_o glastonbury_n where_o be_v erect_v the_o first_o school_n of_o contemplation_n and_o which_o continue_v the_o glorious_a habitation_n of_o a_o world_n of_o saint_n even_o to_o late_a year_n it_o may_v be_v find_v in_o a_o very_a ancient_a author_n who_o write_v of_o church_n affair_n in_o the_o first_o century_n that_o he_o mention_n the_o exaltation_n of_o the_o british_a church_n under_o nero_n add_v that_o many_o church_n be_v build_v in_o this_o island_n by_o s._n peter_n and_o it_o be_v agree_v of_o on_o all_o hand_n that_o the_o cruelty_n of_o nero_n towards_o the_o christian_n drove_n s._n paul_n out_o of_o rome_n even_o as_o far_o westward_o as_o britain_n where_o though_o he_o be_v have_v in_o high_a veneration_n yet_o we_o never_o read_v that_o the_o church_n here_o plant_v be_v call_v the_o seat_n of_o st._n paul_n but_o often_o the_o chair_n of_o st._n peter_n insomuch_o as_o gildas_n inveigh_v against_o some_o of_o the_o british_a clergy_n in_o his_o time_n tell_v they_o they_o usurp_v the_o chair_n of_o st._n peter_n with_o impure_a foot_n thereby_o intimate_v that_o the_o whole_a ecclesiastical_a order_n here_o receive_v their_o original_a priesthood_n by_o a_o right_a succession_n from_o st._n peter_n howbeit_o our_o english_a martyrology_n deserve_o reckon_v st._n paul_n among_o the_o apostle_n of_o britain_n and_o so_o be_v aristobulus_n also_o one_o of_o the_o 70_o disciple_n and_o a_o follower_n of_o st._n paul_n ordain_v a_o bishop_n here_o and_o here_o also_o die_v a_o martyr_n in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o nero_n or_o at_o least_o a_o confessor_n in_o his_o very_a old_a age_n after_o he_o have_v spend_v some_o time_n in_o solitude_n at_o glastonbury_n the_o common_a retire_v place_n of_o many_o eminent_a saint_n it_o be_v certain_o mean_v by_o st._n paul_n in_o his_o epistle_n to_o the_o roman_n when_o he_o salute_v the_o household_n of_o aristobulus_n omit_v he_o be_v then_o absent_a in_o this_o country_n or_o in_o his_o journey_n towards_o it_o this_o progress_n have_v the_o gospel_n in_o this_o island_n before_o the_o death_n of_o st._n peter_n or_o st._n paul_n and_o be_v mighty_o advance_v by_o the_o come_n of_o joseph_n of_o arimathea_n and_o his_o companion_n about_o the_o end_n of_o nero_n reign_n make_v up_o the_o number_n of_o twelve_o person_n with_o himself_o one_o of_o which_o twelve_o be_v say_v to_o be_v his_o son_n of_o his_o own_o name_n the_o come_n and_o preach_v of_o joseph_n and_o his_o companion_n have_v be_v public_o allege_v in_o several_a general_n counsel_n by_o the_o english_a orator_n as_o a_o argument_n of_o precedence_n in_o those_o counsel_n take_v from_o the_o early_a approach_n of_o the_o gospel_n to_o this_o nation_n and_o further_o affirm_v by_o other_o ancient_a record_n and_o especial_o by_o that_o illustrious_a charter_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o ii_o to_o the_o abbey_n of_o glastonbury_n signify_v his_o intention_n to_o rebuild_v that_o monastery_n not_o long_o before_o consume_v by_o fire_n and_o to_o renew_v all_o the_o privilege_n confer_v on_o it_o by_o his_o predecessor_n king_n william_n the_o i._o and_o ii_o and_o by_o more_o ancient_a king_n st._n edgar_n the_o father_n of_o st._n edward_n king_n edmond_n and_o his_o father_n edward_n and_o his_o grandfather_n alfred_n by_o king_n brithwald_n hentwyn_n baldred_n ina_n the_o famous_a king_n arthur_n cantre_v and_o many_o other_o christian_a king_n and_o even_o by_o kenwalla_n a_o pagan_a king_n of_o britain_n and_o further_o affirm_v that_o he_o the_o say_v henry_n the_o ii_o cause_v a_o diligent_a inquisition_n to_o be_v make_v of_o the_o say_a charter_n and_o privilege_n which_o be_v present_v and_o read_v in_o his_o presence_n all_o which_o he_o confirm_v and_o renew_v to_o the_o same_o church_n ancient_o style_v the_o mother_n