On the left side of the high Altar stands the Tombe of Eustachius Nephew of Pope Innocent the 4th whereon are carved some fair statues as 't were actually endeavouring to bring a Lambe to the Sacrifice This was one of the five Patriarchal Churches and will be farther spoken of in the Voyage of the second day The Fifth of the principal Churches called SANTA MARIA MAGGIORE nel MONTE ESQUILINO THis in respect of the other Churches is small but polite 312. foot long and 112. broad Its pavement is wrought with Figures in Mosaick work and the Roof guilt In it is one Altar of Porphyr and a Tomb of Porphyr wherein lies Giovanni Patricio who built this Church In a Vault under ground is kept the Crib or Manger wherein our Saviour was layed at his Birth often visited with Masâ—…es and Prayers for which end Sixtus quintus there built a glorious Chappel deputing to it Clerkes who ought there continually to attend for divine Worship Here are engraven the works of Pope Pius the 5th for the service propagation of the Christian Religion in perpetual remembrance of so good a Pastor whose Body he ordered also should be put in â—…n honourable Tombe on the one side and his own to be placed on the other side when it should please the Lord to call him to himself On the right side of the high Altar lies the body of Pope Nicholas the 4th near whose Tomb stands an Image of the blessed Virgin painted by Saint Luke Here also is the Sepulchre of San Girolame And here ly buried Alberto and Giovanni Normando Platina who wrote compleatly the lives of the Popes Lucco Gaurico a famous Mathematician and Bishop of Cività Francesco Toledo a Jesuitâ—… Zforseschi da Santa Fiora and i Cesis three Cardinals Upon the Pillars are some antient Pictures of such as undertook the Argument for the Catholick Faith against the Hereticks who condemned images when that point was disputed in the Councel Before this Church Sixtus Quintus reared an Obelisk which is the least of the four in Rome and is without Hieroglypâ—…ick notes as that before Saint Giovanni Laterano hath On the back part of this Church is erected a Marble Collumn not so great as neat in memory of the Absolution which Henry fourth King of France and Navarre obtayned from Clement the eighth in Ann. 1593. This was one of the five Patriarchall Churches and will be further treated of in the third dayes Journey The Sixth of the Principal Churches called SAN PAOLO NELLA VIA OSTIENSE THis is the fairest and biggest Church of Rome being 120 paces long and 85 broad built by Constantine the great sustained as may be said by a Grove of stately Pillars T is paved with Marble Many Inscriptions are there placed and published by orhers One most remarkable is this P. P. P. R. R. R. S. S. S. F. F. F. The Venerable Bede being at that time most learned was consulted and desired to resolve the signification of those Letters which he thus explained Pater Patriae Perfectus Regnum Romae Ruit Secum Sublatâ Sapientiâ Ferro Flamma Fame The High Altar is supported by four Porphyr Pillars exposeing to publique view the Image on the Crucifix which spake to St. Brigide while she prayed as the Inscription declares and the Bull verifies Here also are stupendiously expressed in Mosaick work the Imagea of Christ of Saint Peter Saint Paul and Saint Andrew so lively that words seem to issue out of their mouths together with all the Instruments of the Passion and death of our Saviour This Church was nobly restored and beautified by Clement the 8th an excellent Pope In the Brasen gates are figured divers holy histories Greek and Latin From the inscriptions t is gathered that these gates were placed there by Pantaleon Consul in the time of Alexander the 4th This was one of the five Patriarchal Churches In it are the Sepultures of some Popes as of Giovanni who dyed in anno 1472. and Pietro Leone and the memorials of Iulius the third Gregory the 13th and Clement the 8th who opened the Porta Santae in the yeer of Jubile This Church is at present governed by the Fryers of the Order of St. Benedict Here is the Chappel of St. Paul in good part restored by Alexandro Farnese a Cardinal in anno 1582. In the Vestry are many Reliques of Saints the Collumnes whereon St. Paul was decapitated and a stone wch they usually fastened to the Feet of the Martyrs for their greater torment In the Chapel of Porta Celi are the reliques of 2203 Persons martyred by Nero. whence at a small distance is the Tre Fontane or three Fountains the place of Saint Pauls Martyrdome fully restored and beautifyed by Clement the 8th whose head being cut off took three leaps and at each Leap a spring arose and still runs with clear waters The Seaventh of the Principal Churches of ROME called S. PIETRO in VATICANO FOR Beauty sumptuousness Artifice and Worth not only Rome but the whole world yeelds this meritoriously a precedency to all other Churches especially in that part built in later times to which Sixtus the 5th added a noble Cupolo wherein are figured the Celestial Hierarchy in pieces of Mosaick that the beholders believe them painted And Gregory the 13th as glorious a Chappel in honour of Saint Gregorie Nazianzene wherein he was buried Without doubt it is the most perfect model of decent Magnificence in the World there being an answerable uniformity within and without And may justly be compared if not said to surpass the Temple of Diana in Ephesus formerly accounted one of the seaven wonders of the world burnt by Herostratus who by that horrid Act sought rather to perpetuate his name than to ly unremembred in his Grave The Old Church had 24 collumnes of so various coloured Marble as are not matchable which were taken from the adjacent Sepulchre of Adrian the Emperour who was most exquisite in all his works Those other Pillars in the Chappel of the holy Sacrament and those that support the Volto Santo that is the Towel of Veronica with some others were transported from Ierusalem into Italy by Titus Vespasianus and taken out of the Temple and Palace of Solomon after that the Iews were wholly overcome and their said City destroyed The top is all of squares Levati as they call it like the Pantheon in the Center of the Church stands the great Altar all of solid Brass in such stupendious pillars that each weighs 25000. pound and is of so incomparable workemanship that no Cathedral but St. Peters is fit to entertain it Herein is the Sepulchre of the Emperour Otho the second buried in anno 1486. in porphirie A greater porphyre stone then this Italy affords nor except that of Santa Maria Rotonda the Sepulture of Theodorick King of the Ostrogothes This was one of the five Patriarchal Churches and the old part was built by the Emperour Constantine the great who caused it
Maggiore marked as in this place 8 To Bersello pass the Po 1 From Bersella to Corezzo are thirty five miles which according to the custome of the Modeneses are divided into 4 posts   posts 13 posts from Milano to Trento § The City Milan posts From Milan to Castelnovo the posts are set down in the posts from Milan to Venice by Bergamo and Brescia 10 to Volgarna 1 To Peri 1 To Vo 1 pass the River Adice  To Rovere â—… To Trente a City of Italy and Germany 2  Posts 16. FRom Brescia to Trento there is another way to wit by the Lake Garda but the posts are not layed that way nor is the Lake Garda at all times passable without danger  Errata Page 2. l. 13. r. the Germans p. 10. l. 32. r. behold p. 12. l. 35. r. Grisons p. 20. li 9. r. cattel p. 33. l. 10. 11. r. when I was in Italy in honour of whom p. 38. l. 41. r. malignity if ib. l. 42. r. iâ—… by p. 46. l. 39. r. Vicenza p. 48. l. 41. r. for p. 50. l. 48. r. faith p. 54. l. 38. r. likewise p. 55. l. 25. r. viscounte p. 59. l. 10. for sable r. pretend p. 59. l. 34. r. Ramparâ—…s p. 64. l. 31. r. form 67. l. 2â—… r. many p. 72. l. 2. r. me p. 75 l. 7. r. dele re a p. 76. l. 38. r Lake p. 81. l. l. r. as p. 83. l. 26. r. or p. 84. l. 3â—… r. such as have p. 87. l. 15. r. by for be p. 89 l. 4. r. tuines â—…â—…2 l. 30. r. passing p. 93. l. 36 r. in those p. 98. l. 45. r. Florence p. 99. l. 6. r. Ombrosa p. â—…39 l. 16 17. r. incomparablenesse page 144. l. 32. r. entire p. 150. l. 1. r. and by p. 163. l. 13. r. God p. 163. l. 35. â—… â—…ratorians reside p. â—…65 l. 22. r. P allas p. 167. l. 45 r. Cardinal President p. 170. l. 4. r. Martyr iâ—… l. 43. r. old â—…he Temple p. 174. l. 18. r. Pliny in the ib. l. 1 9. dele in ib. l. 46 r. time p â—…78 l. â—…3 r. depuâ—… him p. 179. l. 7. r. carcasses p. 18â—… l 38. r. diseased p. 183. l. 4. dele and p. 191. l. 31. r. Tyter p. p. 208. l. 39. r. ran into the p 210. l 18. r. denominated ib. l. 32. r. Palme p. 235. l. 47. r. Salutation p. 236. l. 25. r. 1465. p. 292 l 17. r. same ib. l. 19. r. Tully p. 245. l. 18. r. bring p. 248. l. 10 11. r. Artemisio THE HISTORY OF ITALY BEING An exact Description of all the Cities Towns Castles and Villages of ITALY with the most remarkable particulars in each of them The first PART Wherein is conteined the Journeys or Voyages from Trent to Venice from Venice to Milan from Milan to Rome The way from Trent to Venice TRento or Trent is a City of the Province of Marca Trivigiana or Marquisate of Treves and is seated in a Valley on the confines of the said Province It hath Walls round it which are about the compass of a mile and are washed by the River Ladice towards the North Large and Fair Streets paved with Flint-stones and stately Houses Its Churches are very beautiful though not large There is one most sumptuous and Royal Palace which was lately restored by Bernardo Clessio Bishop of the said City Towards the East part thereof enters a little River upon which are raised many edifices to work Silks in as also to grind Corn and from the said little River are brought many Rivolets which run along the Streets and into the Houses of the Citizens Without the Gate called Saint Lorenzo upon the Ladice there is a magnificent Bridge of one hundred forty six paces in length but of Wood which conjoyns the Ladice with the other little River The surrounding Mountains by being continually covered with Snow precipitous and so high that the heads thereof seem to touch the heavens are rendred inaccessable Between these Mountains are two wayes the one goes towards the North the other towards Verona It hath but little Champaign or Fields but those are pleasant and Rich planted with Vines and fruitful Trees amidst which passeth the Ladice In this place may be seen the Castle and Fort called Pelen appertaining to the most Noble Family of the Troppi The Citizens speak good Dutch and not ill Italian Trent is now reduced under the power of Germans and is a refuge for all Italians when any disgrace happens to them in their own Countrey They gather but little Corn but in lieu thereof they have good quantity of delicious Wines both White and Red. In the Summer the Air is good but the Sun beats upon it most vehemently on those dayes it remaineth in the sign Leo And in the Winter 't is so very cold by reason of the Frosts and Snow that there is no living their Stoves are not sufficient to provide against it because the cold is so fierce that it turneth the Rain into Snow before it can fall to the Earth and that which occasions the greatest wonder here is that in that time their Wells or deepest Pits are void and empty of Water In stead of Mules Asses and Horses of Burthen they serve themselves of their Oxen and Cows with Charrets so easie to carry goods that they run up by the Mountains as if it were in a Plain though 't is very true that the wayes are so well helped by the Cliffs or Craggs that the Beasts may go any where with little labour This City was greatly illustrated and enriched certain years past by the General Council held here for that there met then five President Cardinals Two Legats of the Council for his Holiness Pius the fourth Chief Bishop or Pope of Rome being Cardinals also that is to say Cardinal Loreno and Cardinal Madruccio Three Patriarchs Thirty two Arch-bishops Two hundred and thirty Bishops Seven Abbots Seven Generals of Religion One hundred forty and six Doctors of Divinity between Seculars and Regulars The Embassadour of Ferdinand the Emperour as well in the name of the Empire as of the Kingdoms of Hungary and Bohemia as also the Embassadours of the King of France of the King of Spain of the King of Poland and of Portugal of the Dukes of Bavaria of Savoy of Venice of Florence and of the other Catholique Princes The Council was held in the Church of Saint Mary where there is a very fair Organ In the Church of Saint Peter are the Ashes of the blessed Simeon Martyred by the wicked Jewes In the Church of the Fryers Heremitans lies buried Cardinal Seripando who was Legate of the Council a man famous for Holiness and Doctrine The Cannons are all illustrious persons and have authority to choose the Bishop Lord of the City and Prince of the Empire which dignity three Cardinals of the most Noble Family of the Madrucci have enjoyed successively of which one named Altiprando lives at
near which stands a Palace in manner of a Fortress built with those very Large squared wrought Stones which were brought from the other ruinated Palaces and Forts by Eccellino the Tyrant with a Fort and most fayr Tower in the yeer 1250 And is now possessed by the Count Giacomo Zabarella as is above said The seventh wonderfull Object of Padoua is il Prato della valle a Meadow so ample that t would alone contain a great City It was antiently called Campo Marzo the field of Mars from the Martial exercises there used and in this place were many Saints beheaded by the Pagans to such a number that they are wont to say that part which is compassed by Water was emplastered with the blood of those Martyrs Here every first Saturday of the Moneth is held a free Fayr or Market of all sorts of Cattel and other Creatures and at the Feast of Saint Antonio is a famous Fayr there which although it happens in the hottest Weather being there kept for fifteen days in the midest of June and that there are then many thousands of Creatures yet there is never seen a Fly to molest them If to these might be added an eighth Wonder we would name the Vineyard or Garden of the Knight Bonifacio Papa fava situate in the Street called Vanzo where besides a most fair and adorned Palace you beholds many statues of excellent workmanship and infinite numbers of Cittron and Orange Trees which forme lovely walks to the Passengers for beautifying whereof of those Trees are framed Arches and Prospects to delight the eye to whose confines is conjoyned a full stream of water brought from the main River by a curious Aqueduct which being confined to one Gate under the Wall gives at its utterance a sweet murmur and with its clear gurgling on every side washes the Foot of the Palace And the flowry bankes within which the said Rivolet is contained renders the Palace as it were in an Island of so specious delights and pleasant Savours that what is added by Art to that of Nature may well cause it to be termed the eighth wonder Hither flock for their Pastime the Ladies and Gallants of Padoua inviteing with them also the Foreiners with their Musick and other Pastimes where in the hottest Weather the shade of the Trees the Ampleness of the Walks the pleasantness of the Waters and the beauty of the site add to their other joys and delights a fresh Ayr. And although these beauties shew themselves in perfection yet that magnanimous Cavalier never ceases to illustrate it to his no small costs with greater delights and by this and his other Gallantries shewes himself to be born of that Family which for its Greatness and Dominion was no less formidable in Italy than renowned in Europe At this present resides here this Noble Person with his Brother Scipio Papafava Knight of the great Cross of the Order of Hierusalem Prior of Messina and the most worthy Primate of the whole Kingdome of Sicilia together with the virtuous Roberto Son of the above named Cavalier Bonifacio young in yeers but his conditions aâ—…d practices may challenge the ripest Age who is the Comendatory Abbot of Sebinico being Doctor of Philosophy of Divinity of the Laws a true Splendor to his Country and Family being conversant in the Greek Latine and Hebrew Tongues and well known in the Mathematicks as was testified by the singular experiments of his Ingenuity some Moneths since There flourishes likewise of this Noble Family at this time a numerous company of Cavaliers and great Subjects who degrade not from their most famous and Antient Progenitors of whom to speak but little will diminish from their Fame and much is not opportune in this place for their Ordinary dwelling these Signors have a Palace in the Street San Francesco Maggiore where they have Coppies of exquisite Books in all the Professions left them by Monsignor Ubertino Papafava Bishop of Adria Brother of Bonifacio besides many antient Manuscripts and Authors not yet printed which relate the Histories of this Family also the old coyning Press of the Carraresian Princes with other pretious monuments of this House preserved in the Chamber of Rowles of the said Palace which may be termed the most large and worth seeing of this City And now we come to the Spiritual wonders and Churches of Padoua whereof the first is the Domo or Cathedral Church situate near in the midst of the City The Padouans were converted to the Christian Faith by the predication of Saint Prosdocimo their first Bishopp authorized by Saint Peter who among others baptized Vitaliono the Chief Man in this City who therefore built the Church of Saint Soffia Henry the fourth Emperor enriched this Cathedral giving to it twenty seaven rich Canonicats of so good a revenew that they may be styled so many Bishops among which are four dignities that is to say Arch priest Arch. Deacon The Person that hath charge of the wax c. And the Deacon there are twelve under Canons six Custodi or Rectors and six Mansonary or Houskeepers and more than 60 other Persons and Clerks belonging to the Chapel besides the Masters of Grammar and Musick with many excellent Singers so that this Clergy exceeds a hundred Persons and their Revenew above a hundred thousand Duckats by the yeer which makes it the most noble and Rich of Italy and therefore t is that the Bishop of Padoua is styled a little Pope and his Canons with some reason the Cardinals of Lombardy for that their Chapter is alwaies filled with the Nobility of Venice Padoua and other Cities whereof so many have ascended to the Miter and Hatt that t is worthily called to this day the Seminary of Cardinals and great Prelates In this Church not elsewhere as is pretended lyes enterred the Wife of Henry the fourth whose name was Berta as is proved by this antique Inscription Praesulis Cleri praesenti praedia phano Donavit Regina jacens hoc marmore Berta Henrici â—…egis Patavi celeberrima quarti Conjunx tam grandi dono memoranda per aevum Under the Chorus within a rich Monument of Marble lies the Body of Saint Daniel one of the four Tutelars Two great Cardinals repose in this Church who were both Arch priests of the same that is to say Pileo de Pratta and Francesco Zabarella with other eminent Persons Pileo Conti di Pratta a Citizen of Padona and of Furlan was for his vertue created Bishop of Padoua and afterwards Cardinal of Saint Prassede by Pope Gregory the 11th and Apostolick Legate But in the yeer 1378. the Schism being risen between Urban the sixth his successor and Clement the Antipope he was deposed by Urban after whose death Bonifacio the ninth suceeding he was again created Cardinal with the Title of the Tusculan Bishop and Apostolick Legate and finally he dyed at Padoua and was buried in this Church in a sublime and most noble Arch with this memorial Pileus
Patriark of Aquileia wherein he made such progress as is not to be imagined let it suffice that he restored the Church to its Liberty and delivered the Florentines and Italy for which his Noble deeds he was by Pope Eugenius the 4th made Cardinal of S. Lorenzo then Bishop of Albany and Chancellor of the holy Church he dyed in the yeer 1465 at this day is his Family extinct And besides these there were others of this City intended for Cardinals who being overtaken by death could not possess that dignity as Gabriel Capodelista Aquensian Arch-Bishop was defigned Cardinal by Pope Clement the 5th in 1304. Bartol Zabarella Arch-Bishop of Florence having been Apostolick Legate in Germany France and Spain for weighty affairs with the happy success of his Labours and the great satisfaction of Pope Eugenius the 4th was by him designed Cardinal but upon his return an indisposition seised him and deprived him of Life in Sutry being but forty seaven yeers old in Anno nostrae salutis 1445. Francesco Lignamineo Bishop of Ferrara and Apostolick Legate was by Pope Engenius the 9th designed Cardinal but he was prevented by his death in the yeer 1412. Antonio Giannotti a famous Lawyer Bishop of Forli and Arch-Bishop of Urbin was Vice Legate in France and Bologna where he dyed at his 65th yeer being then by Pope Clement the 8th designed Cardinal Anno 1591. In the Palace of the Bishop these things are worth a sight The most ample diocess of Padoua drawn in a large square by Marco Cornaro Bishop of Padoua a Prelate worthy of eternal memory and a great Hall where to the life as is believed are drawn the Pictures of 112 Bâ—…shops of this most antient and Noble City The Church of Saint Antonio of Lisbone merits the second Place amongst Padoua's fair Churches as well for the design and artifice as for the pretiousness of the Marbles and other Ornaments The Roof of this Temple is distinguished into six marvellous Chapels covered with Lead First must be seen the Royal Chapel of this Saint adorned with the finest Marbles and 12 Noble Collumns in the nine spaces of which Columns between the one and tother are engraven his Miracles by the most rare Sculptors of that Age so well that it renders the spectators stupified In the midst of which Chapel ariâ—…es the Altar of this Saint and within it lies entered his body Upon this altar stand seaven Figures of Brass of a just proportion wrought by Tytian Aspetti the excellent sculptor of Padoua Its Roof is adorned with the fairest Frets and figures made of pargetting stuff guilt richly and its Pavement exactly composed with Marble and Porphyry â—…heckerwise This Saint having lived 36 yeers dyed the 13th of June 1231 and was canonized by Gregory the 9th in the City of Spoleto in the yeer 1237. On which day in Padoua they go in procession carrying his Tongue in a little woodenBoul with great solemnity and superstition which is accompanyed with all the Fryers of Saint Francis that is to say by the Conventuals Capucines and those that go uppon woodden Pattens called Zoccolani and with all the Doctors of the Colleges as well of the Laws and Physick as those of Divinity and Philosophy wherewith they also carry all the Vessels of Silver and other pretious things bestowed upon this their Saint as also an infinite number of their holy Reliques preserved in curious Vessels Among which are the Figures of ten Saints of pure Silver 16 rich Chalices 50 Vessels 3 whereof are to contayn their Eucharist many Silver Candlesticks Lampades Censores and 50 Sylver Votaries or pieces dedicated by the vowes of several persons which are as big as a small Child Likewise a Shipp furnished with Masts Sayls and Shrouds together with a model of the City of Padoua both being neatly cast in Silver In a fayr Reliquiary they preserve the Tongue of the glorious Saint Anthonio and in another his under Chap. In others all of Silver guilt framed with most exact workemanshipp they keep a cloth dipped in the pretious blood as they say of our Saviour Jesus Christ three thornes of his Crown some of the wood of his Cross of the hairs and milk of the blessed Virgin some of the Blood issuing out of the five wounds given Saint Francesoo and many of the Bones and other rare reliques of infinite of their Saints as may be seen in the Treatise published by Count Giacomo Zabarella Praesident and Treasurer of the Venerable Tombe of the glorious Saint Antonio Who befides the revenue of the Convent wherewith the Fathers are maintein ed possesseth a great Revenue together with much Silver and other pretious househouldstuff all bestowed upon that Saint by Princes and private Persons which Wealth is governed by seaven Presidents vulgarly called the Signori all' Archa di San Antonio three Ecclesiasticks and 4 Seculars with a Casheer who receives the Revenues and pays the Musicians and other disbursements which Officers are elected every yeer and every Six Moneths two of them change In the Convent is a fayr publick Library much amplified by the reverend Father Francesco Zanotti an eminent Person of Padoua who alwaies governed his Convent with great prudence as Guardian and his Religious Order whereof he was Provincial whereto the most reverend Father Michael Angelo Maniere Guardian and Provincial also hath added his Industry with great success and evidence of his Prudence Virtue and Goodness both whose good Actions have given â—… great Splendour to the Fame of this most Noble Convent Near to this said Library is another Room wherein are kept the rare collections of Count Giacomo Zabarella given to the said Saint which consists of many excellent Books and Manuscripts and all the Histories in being of Padoua Venice and other Cities which no where else are to be found also of Medals Marbles brass Pieces and other notable Antiquities with the Golden Key and all his workes all which being before fully related are here abbreviated to avoid Prolixity Opposite to the Altar of Saint Antonio is the Chapel of Saint Felix the Pope of like grandezza where also repose his Bones â—…ound about which are hung Pictures excellently wrought by Giotto wherof Daute Boccacio and other writers take particular notice In it are the Tombes of the Signori Rossi and Lupi Marqueses of Soragna and next the Chapel of Saint Antonio with which it maintains like Grandure and Fame it is the most eminent of all the greater Altar whereof is richly carved in Marble and hath on the right side a Candlestick of a very great heighth and wrought with many Figures over against it an artificial Chorus adorned with lovely Figures carved in wood In this Church likewise are the Sepulchers of Fulgosio of Marin and Ascanio Zabarella the first famous in Letters the second in Arms which are erected in the Chapel of Saint Catherine appertaining to their Family in another Tombe lies buried Andrea Zabarella with Montisia Polenta his Wife Daughter
great Men that they might the more commodiously apply themselves to the Study of Learning Of which were Virgil Alipius Saint Augustine Hermolao Barbaro Merula Francesco Filelfo Celio Rodigino Alexander the sixth and Pious the fourth Popes And although too often this City was thrown down to the very foundations and at last furrowed with the plough of the Enemies yet it ever revived again and that with more beauty and Splendor than at first increasing still so much in Riches and People that it ever kept a place among the chief Cities of Italy Near the Church San Salavdore there stood a proud Palace of the Emperors with a Temple dedicated to Jupiter made in emulation of the Campidoglio at Rome and where now the Counsel is kept was the Palace for Justice where also the Proclamations of the Dukes were accustomed to be publickly read and the due punishments executed on Malefactors There was also a Theatre to present Comedies a place for Horse races and a large Circle where now is Santa Maria Maggiore The Garden near San Steffano was an Amphitheatre where they accustomed to fight Duels The Church of San Nazario was an old Prison where they condemned Malefactors to fight with the wild Beasts there preserved to that end in great number The Common Field was then a Theatre where the young men exercised themselves in taming and manning of Horses and fighting Where the Cathedral Church is was a place with Stalls many waies where they made their Feasts to their Heroes and Houshold Gods The Stalls now for the Cattel then was a pleasant Garden beautified and planted with many Fruit trees and plants brought from far Countries great store of odoriferous flowers Rivolets of Christalline waters Statues and Sculptures of Marble Where the Church of San Lorenzo stands now were the hot Baths of Maximinian Nero and Nerva the Emperors nothing inferiour to them at Rome Besides which antiquities there yet is preserved a stately Armory in the Palace replenished with most noble Arms worthy any Prince for the value and fairness being not onely inlayed with Gold and Silver but engraven with greatest Cost and Workmanship where now is the Church San Lorenzo was a Temple dedicated to Hercules made in the form of the Rotunda at Rome near which were erected 16. Marble Pillars and upon them a Palace for the Emperours part whereof was ruined by fire the rest by time nothing but the Pillars remaining All this Fabrick was raised by Maximinian Hercules who ordained the Town should be no more called Milano but Herculeo At one end of those Pillars is this inscription put in Imp. Caesari L. Aurelio vero Aug. Arminiaco Medico Parthico Max. Trib. Pot. VII Imp. IIII. Cos. III. PP Divi Antonini Pii Divi Hadriani Nepoti Divi Trajani Parthici Pronepoti Divi Nervae Apnepoti Dec. Dec. This Milan was alwaies a potent City whence we read that it many times made opposition to the Romans and often fought the Goths and other Barbarous People and also against both the Federicks the first and second Emperours obtaining a most glorious victory It subjected to it Navara Bergamo Pavia Como Lodi and Tortona and freed Genoua from the hands of the Moors The Romans were wont to say Qui miseram citius cupiunt effundere vitam Modiolanum adeant gens ea dura nimis It was so much prized by the adjacent Countreys that it being ruined by Federick Barbarossa the Emperor Cremona Verona Piacenza advised how to restore it at their own cost and charges and in all times t was very populous It received the light of the Faith from S Barnabas sent thither from Saint Peetre who then resided in Antiochia which was in the 46. year after the coming of our Saviour where he substituted for Bishop Anatalone the Greek his Disciple whom in process of time succeeded many holy Bishops among others that glorious pillar of the Church Saint Ambrose the most renowned Doctour who finding the Bodies of San Gervaso and Protaso the Martyrs caused that Church to be built which is now called San Ambrogio This was the Cathedral Church where is seen the true effigies of the brazen Serpent made by Moses brought hither by Theodosius the Emperor as also the effigies of San Bernardo upon a Pillar who in this Church said Mass preached and wrought miracles Likewise a sumptuous Sepulchre wherein lies Lewis the second Emperour and Pepin King of Italy both Sons of Charls the great there under the Altar within a deep Pit locked with four Gates of Iron is kept with great reverence the body of Saint Ambrose and a book writ with his own hand Angelberto of the illustrious Family of Pusterly in the time of Charls the Great being Arch-Bishop The Emperor gave to this Altar a noble Pall embroidered with Saints and Angels in 20. several Squares in the midst whereof is the Saviour of the World as he rose from the dead upon whose head is a Diamond set round with gemmes of inestimable valew On both sides of which Altar are four other Images of Saints in the middle is a Cross. The Vests are all over beset with many pearls and pretious stones behind the Altar is another Cross of silver two Cubits high and one an half broad where are 23. figures of Saints of embossed work This so stupendious work cost in those days 28000. Scudaes and is now worth 100000. Volvinio the excellent Sculptor of those times was the Artificer of it Saint Ambrose stood at the Gate of this Church when he excomunicated Theodosius the Emperor commanding him not to enter therein Contiguous with it is a noble and stately Monastery of the Fryers Celestines At the issuing out of Saint Ambrogio is a poor Chapel in a blind corner with a Well where Saint Ambross baptized Saint Augustine and t is known that this was the way which Saint Augustine and Saint Ambrose took hand in hand to give thanks to God in San Gervaso for the holy Baptism received singing Te Devm Laudamus as the Inscription testifieth Hic beatus Ambrosius babtizat Augustinum Deodatum Alippum hic beatus Ambrosius incipit te Deum laudamus Augustinus sequitur Te deum confitemur The meanness of the place makes it most credible to be true the name of Carolus Boromaeus a Council of Trent Saint highly cryed up at Milan having too much extinguisht the memory and esteem of that learned Father The Church of Santa Tecla is replete with holy Reliques here rests Saint Ambrose and among other Reliques a Nayl which was fixed and drove through a member of the Body of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ into the Wooden Cross whereon he was crucifyed by the wicked Jewes which was bestowed on it by Theodosius the Emperor This is the antientest Temple of Milan and was first consecrated to the Saviour after to the Virgin Mary and lastly to Tecla but antiently many yeers before the coming of the Messiias they say there stood a most famous Temple
of Minerva where as Polybius averrs this goddess was adored and reverenced with the greatest and most particular devotion whence many suppose this Ciry took its name for that in the antient Celtique and German tongues Magdalant signifies the Land or Country of a Virgin which opinion is likewise confimed by Andrea Alciato I. C. A veritable Author in all the sciences who in his Emblems writ this Epigram Quam Mediolanum sacram dixere puellae Terram nam vetus hoc Gallica lingua sonat Culta c Minerva fuit nunc est ubi nomine Tecla Mutato Matris Virginis ante Domum Santa Maria della Scala was founded by Regina Wife of the Visconte and enjoyned to be so called because she descended from the Family of the Scalaes of Verona It stands where was antiently the Palace of the Turriani And where the Church of Saint Dionigeis stood in old time a Dragon which then greatly afflicted the Country and destroyed many at last he was slain by Umberto Angiere who was thereupon created Viscont There are two Chapels in the Church of Saint Mark in one whereof is the most excellent Pictures of Lomazzo containing in one the Apostles Prophets Sibils and many other pourtraies In the other the fall of Simon Magus from Heaven which it represent as most horrible spectacle The Church of San Nazario contains certain proud Tombs of the illustrious Lords the Trivultii chiesly that of Giacomo of whom may be truly said He that never was quiet lies still here Near this Church they shew a red stone which they term the holy Stone wherein are cut the victories and trophies which Saint Ambrose gloriously obtained upon the Arrians in memory whereof to him was erected a Statue at the Gate Vico. The Church of S. Fedele is admirable no less for its beauty than for the Architecture of Pellegrino The Church of San Paola and San Barnabas for the Nuns is most noble where was first founded the Order of the reformed Priests of the beheaded Saint John They have one rare cross cut by Bramantino The Church of Santa Rosa is for the preaching Fryers who have the keeping of the holy Rosarie In the magnificent Temple of San Gottardo are excellently drawn the effigies of the Visconte where ly buried Azzone Visconte and Gio Maria the second Duke It s beautified with a stupendious Belfry and a fair Garden The Church of Saint Eustorgio the Bishop shewes a stately and sumptuous Sepulcher wherein ly the bones of San Pietro the Martyr A rich Tabernacle where is kept the head of Saint Eustorgio and the Tomb of the three Magi with this inscription Sepulchrum Trium Magorum where lay the Bodies of those Magi which were brought hither by Saint Eustorgio in Anno 330. when he came last out of the East but many yeers after this City being destroyed by Fedrick Barbarossa in Anno 1163. These Bodies were conveyed to Colonia Agrippina by Rodolphus the Arch-Bishop now they keep in that Sepulcher the Body of Eustorgio with many reliques of other Saints Martyrd there for the Faith of Christ. Here also are kept the Ashes of many noble Milanesians inter alia of Matteo Visconte first Duke of Milan and of Gio Merula a most Learned Man who was interred with geeat pomp in the time of Ludovico Sforza with this Epitaph on his Tomb. Vixi aliis inter spinas mundique procellas Nunc sospes coelo Merula vivo mihi Over the Gate of the Convent of the preaching Fryers from whom many excellent Theologians have issued is placed the Pulpit wherein Saint Petre the Martyr being preaching to the People at noon day in Midsummer obtained by his Merits and the instance of his Prayers that a Cloud hung over the Auditors in manner of an Umbrella preserving them from that intollerable heat near the said Church gusheth out the fountain of Saint Barnabas where though an unpolished place he baptized and said Mass of which water who drinks is immediatly delivered from the malignity of any Feaver The Temple of S. Lorenzo formerly dedicated to Herode was much more sumptuous than the abovenamed Churches which in the yeer 1085. being in great part burnt received great damage in the Mosaick of Gold and in the destruction of many Brass figures about the Pillars The royal Church of Saint Aquilino founded by â—…lacida Sister of Honorius the Emperor and wife to Constantine shewes on its Front fair Marble Colums and within as noble Pillars of Porphiry In the Church of Stephano was flain with many stabs the Duke Caleazzo Maria Sforzo In S. Giovanni lies the Tomb of Barnabo Visconte Prince of Milan The Church of S. Statiro and Celso is proud of the excelling Genius and Architecture of Bramante the Limner of Urbin in many works he wrought there The Front of that of Saint Mary of its excellent Statues wrought with so much art that all conclude it impossible to equal them and that of the Peace or Pace of its rare painting of the history of the blessed Virgin and her Father by the hand of Gaudentius and moreover the Virgin her self painted by Marco Uglono the Painter which stand near the Cross and lively expresseth a real sorrow In the Church of Saint Francis is a Tablet of the conception together with Saint Gio the Baptist a Child adoring our Lord so well done by the hand of Vincio that they cannot be paralleled In the Church della Passione is a stupendious piece of the celebration of the last Supper where is truly represented the amazement of the Apostles by Christofero Cibo In the Church delle Gratie founded by Germano Rusca and aggrandized by Ludovico Sforza is painted in a Tablet the Picture of our Lord crowned with Thorns by Titian the worthy of eternal memory about the Cupula are Angels formed by Gaudentius whose vestments are rarely wrought and in another place Sain Paul painted writing and contemplating Herein lies buried Beatrice the Dutches so well beloved by Ludovico her Husband that he vowed never to sit at table again at eating and lived so a yeer about One Epitaph over the Gate of the Cloysters artificially made shall be here inserted Infelix partus amissa ante vita quà m in lucem ederet infelicior quod matri moriens vitam ademi parentem consorte sua orbavi in tam adverso fato hoc solum mihi potest jucundum esse quod Divi parentes ne Ludovicus Beatrix Mediolanen Duces gennere 1497. tertio Non. Ianuarii In this Church lies Giovanni Simonetta who wrote the history of the Sforzeschi and Giulio Camillo a most Learned Man whose Epi taph placed on another door of the Cloysters followes Iulio Camillo Viro ad omnia omnium scientiarum sensa mirificam eruenda adscientias ipsam in suum ordinem aptè constituendas natura mirè facto qui apud Dominicum Saulium Idibus Maii 1544. repentino mortuus concidit Dominicns Saulius amico desideratissimo posuit Which Church is possessed by the preaching Fathers
midst the most high Tower Asinelli which represents the main Mast the Tower Garisenna the Scale and the other small Towers the Shrouds to the eye of the beholder Within it is no manner of fortification the Citizens having cast down those that were who confiding in their own valour and prudence content themselves with a single Brick-Wall which encompasses it near it runs the River Savona and through it the Reno which serves for transportation of Merchandiz from Ferrara That Bologna abounds with all things is known to all whereby they give it the stile of Fatt Its Fields are fair and large producing all sorts of Corn and Wines of the best sorts in Italy with all kinds of Fruits particularly Olives so bigg and sweet that they give not place to them of Spain it hath also Woods for Foul and Beasts of Chase and notwithstanding there be few Lakes yet t is plentisully served with fish from Comacchio and Argenta Here to maintain their Epithite of Bologna la grassa they make those famous Salsages which for their excellency are esteemed a costly dish through the World as also a Conserve of Quince and Sugar called gelo or gelly fit for the Table of a Prince They here also work with great Art Sheaths for Knives of boyled Leather and fair Harquebuses and Flacks or Bottels They have great numbers of Silk-Worms from whose labour they extract quantity of Silk whereof they make Sarcenet Velvet and other Silks in such plenty as that they not only supply all Italy therewith but England and the Low Countreys It s Territory affords many Quarries of white Stones and great store of Hemp and Flax some minerals of Allum with medicinal Fountains both hot and cold It hath but one Piazza which yet for its largeness may be said to be three conjoyned in the midst whereof stands a sumptuous marble Fountain whereon stands a Brazen Neptune made by Giovanni Bologna a Flemish Sculptor in very much excellency whence gusheth a most clear stream of Water It hath a general uniformity of building having straight and spatious Streets and on each side of them before the Houses Arches of the same Structure where the Citizens recreate themselves without fear of the scorching Sun or the dripping Rains There is one spatious Garden of the Poeti another of the Paselli Near the Church of S. Giacomo where now appear a good space of old rinesu was formerly a regal Palace of the Bentivogli while they were Lords of Bolonia whose Majesty and Magnificence is treated on by Beroaldo T is adorned with superb and spatious Edifices aswell for divine worship as private use Among others the Popes Palace over the gate whereof is the Statue of a Pope in Brass and that of the Campeg gi where in the time of Giulio Terzo the Council of the Pepoli and Malvezzi met are of such grandure that any Prince may be received there The Palace which fronts the Church San Petronio was built by the Bolonians for a prison for Enzo King of Sardegna where he lived and at the cost of the publick was royally entertained for twenty yeers till his death Furthermore the Citizens Houses are beautified with Vests and other things to the pride of any others of Italy and their Sellars so deep under ground that they apprehend no Earth-quake The Tower Asmelli so named from the founders and Garisenda so called from its pendency downwards discover the great ingenuity of the Architector It s principal Temples are that of San Pietro the seat of the Bishop where ly many Cardinals Bishops and other learned Doctors with many Reliques of Saints Pictures Sculptures and Ornaments of gold and Silver of high valew The Domo which stands on the Piazza dedicate to San Petronio Bishop and Protector of the City is so great and magnificent that few Churches are equal to it here Charls the 5th received from Pope Clement the 7th the Crown of the Empire The Church of Saint Francis is well built where Pope Alexander the 5th a Bolonian lies buried and Odoffredo and Accursio two great Lights of the Civil Law then the magnificent Monastery of San Salvidore and the noble and rich Nunnery del Corpo di Christi where lies enterred the blessed Catharine who was a Nun therein whose nails upon the hands and feet grow as if she were living The Church of San Giacomo with its Chapel built by Giovanni secundo Bentivoglio was a work only for a King wherein lies the said Bentivoglio with many of his descendants some of the Malvezzi and other illustrious persons with many Reliques of Saints guarded in a rich and stately Altar by Cardinal Poggio The Church of S. Martin where repose the bones of Beroaldo and Alexandro Achellini the Philosopher The Church of San Giovanni entombes an image of Cecilia the Virgin Martyr painted by the divine Rafael of Urban the ashes of the blessed Elena and Carlo Raino a famous Doctor of Laws four of these Churches Canons have been Bishops of Bologna The Church of Saint Stephen the Proto-Martyr is sumptuous built by S. Petronio where among other Reliques they shew the Ashes of S. Vitale Agricola Petronio The Church of Saint Benedict encloseth is the Body of San Proculo the Martyr and the Cel wherein Gratian composed his Decretals In the Church of Saint Domenick in whose Quyer is rarely effigiated the old and new Testaments here lies Enzo King of Sardegna in a proud Tombe and many famous Doctors of Civil Laws and Physick as also Tadeo and Giacomo Pepoli who some time were â—…ords of Bolonia at the high Altar may be seen many Reliques of Saints of which are the body of San Domenick on whose Tomb are layed more than 300. Figures of Gold and Silver and one of the Thorns of the Crown of our Saviour with the Bible writ ten by the hand of Esdras in the Hebrew Tongue in white parchment here reposes also the Body of San Domenick the Patriark and institutor of that Order with many other stately Tombs Candlesticks Lamps Cenfers and other Ornaments This Church hath a noble Convent with many Cloysters and Dormitories for the Fryers aud a large Refectory excellently painted and one of the largest Cellars of Italy therein is likewise a Cemetory wherein to bury the Fryers And an excellent Library scarce any equal none better to be found kept and encreased dayly by the Fathers with great diligence and here sits the Inquisition In this Convent dwell one hundred and fifty Religious and here they keep the publique Studies of the Sciences which hath occasioned principally that five Popes many Cardinals Bishops and holy Fathers have proceeded hence among which were San Pietro the Martyr San Ramundo Egidir Foscararni Bishop of Modena who behaved himself prudently and learnedly at the Council of Trent The first Bishop of Bologna was SanZama who in the 270th yeer after Christ first preached the Faith here Dionisius being then Pope whom 71. have succeeded of good Doctrine and
was comissionated thither for the City of Bolognia In those dayes the Republicks Library flourished in this City with infinite cōcourse of Forein Nations abounding with the most worthy Professors in all the sciences and Arts which it appears continued to the yeer 1228. In which yeer Federick the second being exalted to the Empire an extream Enemy to the Pope and Cities of Italy after many ruines whch he brought on others in the yeer 1236 burnt and destroyed Vicenza exercising his greatest cruelty against the most potent Citizens which reduced it with great ease under the wicked Tyrant Eccellino continuing so until his death when waving and debilitated it by degrees crawled up the steps of its Antient Liberty yet not so strongly but that after 46 yeers it underwent by the Citizens neglect the Signory of the Scaligeri who there governed under the shadow and name of an Empire and that title not improperly taken for that Can Grande at that time their head was a most valiant and potent Lord. Vicenza was well treated under their government and many publick Edifices restored but the wheele of Fortune running round and the Line of those Lawfull Signors extinct Antonio the last of them and illegitimate was first deprived of Verona then of Vicenza by Gio Galleazze first Viscount of Milan by whom it was held very dear and so much honoured for its fidelity that he made it the Chamber of his Empire He dead Catarina his Wife distrusting her own ability to maintain so great Dominions by her Letters full of Courtesy absolving their Oath of fidelity gave the Vicentines ample Liberty to elect their own Government who after divers consultations and many solicitations to colleague themselves with the Switzers and to become one of their Cantons having at large supervised the great calamities of the passed times and fearing future miseries At length the Advice of He◅rico Capra a wise and esteemed Citizen of great Interest both for his many adherents and riches prevailed to surrender themselves of their own free accords to the Republick of Venice whose pleasing Goverment was then become famous through the whole world Who accepting with all Gratitude this their free offer confirmed unto them all such Jurisdictions Statutes Prerogatives as they knew how to demand and in particular the Consularship the most Antient Magistracy of this City and received it into protection styling it the first Born and most faithfull City under whose Signory it hath ever since continued dayly encreasing both their Wealth and conveniences Yet notwithstanding at the Inroad of Gi◅radada the State of Venice though unwillingly gave way to the Signory of the whole firm Land by which means Vicenza fell into the hands of Massiminian the Emperor who sent thither Leonardo Trissino to receive possession thereof as Vicar of the Empire which he performed there as also in Padoua Who with Vicentia through the great affection they bore the Republick of Venice and the singular Prudence of the Venetian Senate within some few yeers after easily returned to their former Obedience under it This City is four miles in circuit in form like the figure of a Scorpion although informer times it had the Reputation of strong from the double Walls which invironed it yet t is neither fortified nor capable of Fortification it being situated at the bottome of a Hill that comands the Town however voluntarily living like the Antient Spartans the Citizens pro◅ess that the Walls of their Breasts suffice to maintain even to the death their Fidelity to their natural Prince which preserves it with safety It is washed by two Rivers Bacchileone by some Latines called also Meduaco Minore and Rerone Ereteno before mentioned together with two other small Brooks Astichello and Seriola which serve them with many conveniences All which united at a small distance from the City form a Navigable River as well upwards as downwards capable of Vessels of a huge burthen who passing by Padoua reach Venice and give the best occasion and reason for the riches of that Countrey They account that it with the Burroughs conteyn 40000. Souls being replenisht with Proud and Stately Palaces Noble Temples and publick Structures built after the modern Architecture the Hall of Justice wherein the Judges assemble to do Justice for its Antient and modern Structure may be compared with any in Italy Upon the highest Tower raised to a Wonder which joyns to it is placed the Horologe which serves all the City within and a mile out of it most comodiously The Piazza most capacious for all their Justings and Turnaments where morn even rēder themselves the Nobility is no less adorned with Open Galleries the Fōrt of the said Palace than with a fayr habitation for the Seignor Capitano and the Fabrick of that mount Piety which is so rich that they lend such sums as the poor Citizens require without any Usurie Besides this which is called Piazza Maggiore there are five other Piazzaes for the publick markets of Poultry Grain Wine Wood Hay Fish Fruits and Herbs And as the Splendidness of the Vicentians Spirits is apparent in profane things so does their Piety and magnificense no less shine in and towards the Divine worship For which they number in the City 50. Churches accounted Stately and beautified with antient and modern Pictures whereof 14. are Parochials 17. of Fryers and 12. of Nuns all well furnished with receptacles and other necessaries for subsistence Among which the Mendicants or begging Fryers by the Charity of the Citizens have no mean Reliefs In the Country are also 3. other Monasteries of Nunns and above 20. of Fryers besides Parochials which are very ample in the Villages They are well stored with Hospitals for the poor of all conditions having nine besides the Confraternities and other retreats of Godly pe◅sons who wait on works of Charity In the Cathedral signal for the good Bishoprick of 12000 Duckats yeerly Revenue besides other Reliq◅es they keep the bodies of the Martyrs Carpoforo and Leoncio Vicentines And in the Church of Santa Corona of the Dominican Fryers one of the thorns of the Crown of the Saviour of the World given in the yeer 1260. by Lodovico or Lewis the Saint King of Franee to Bartolomeo Breganze Citizen and Bishop of Vicenza It received the Light of the Faith of Christ by the teaching of Saint Prosdocimo first Bishop of Padcua Saint Paul yet living Near the Domo stands l'Oratoria de Madonna or the Oratory of our Lady raised by those of that confraternity in imitation of that of Rome which possibly in magnificence and beauty it surpasseth It s State under the Venetian Dominion is such as certainly no City under their power hath greater privileges The Consul the most antient Jurisdiction of this City judging all Criminal Offences and its own Citizens all other civil Causes For which end the Council chuseth a round of four Doctors and 8 Laicks which change by fours every month These form the
for the Markets and to walk in one for the Nobility and another for the Marchants In the bigger whereof stands a Stately Fountain with a Statue representing Verona with a Kingly Diadem at her Feet The most beautifull River Adice runs by Verona which comes just from the Alpes of Trint and sends two arms through the Streets of the City for its greater conveniency by which River they convey to Verona divers Merchandices from Germany and Venice There are many Mills within and without the City and other Edifices for the Mecanicks They have four Bridges over the Adice all erected with excellent artifice and beauty one whereof hath two spatious Arches which give a Noble prospect Europe scarce affording any more polite and truer built This City abounds with all things necessary Their fruits are all delicious but the Figs Bardolini exceed all others It hath Fish very sweet from the Lake Garda Good Meat from the excellent Pasture exquisite Wines from the Hills good Corn from the Vales and good health from the Ayr though somewhat piercing The Merchandize of Cloth and Silk mantains above 20000. Handicrafts-men Verona was under the Etrurians the Euganei the Heneti the French and the Romans with whom it was confederated and had voices in the ballottinges of Rome The Romans never sent a Colony into Verona but it was ascribed to the Tribu Poblilia and the Veronians have had many Magistrates in Rome Heretofore 4. Deputies had the clear and mixt government of this City as the Roman Consuls which 4. were created by the Citizens together with the other Magistrates whereof they yet retein some shadow by having Consuls the wise men the Counsel of twelve the hundred and twenty and the Prefect of the Merchants Afterwards the Roman Empire declining Verona became under the Command of certain barbarous Tyrants but they being driven out by the Ostragoths and they by the Longobards who were Lords of it 200. yeers it was finally freed from their Signory and fell into the power of the successors of Charles the great that is of Pipin and Berengarius and others who there made the Seat of their Empire as Albano King of the Longobardi had done formerly In the Reign of Ottone the First it again recovered its Liberty but discords arising among the Citizens it was opprest by the Tyranny of Ezzelino and the Scaligiri it s own Citizens who Lorded it for 200. yeers Last of all being also opprest by others it voluntarily rendred it self to the power of the Venetians who in those daies were esteemed the Justest of Lords It was converted to the Christian Faith by Euperius commissionated to preach there from Saint Peetre It had thirty six Bishops Saints with S. Zenone its Protector to whom Pipin Son of Charles the great dedicated a Church with twelve pounds of gold for yeerly revenue The greater Church is a most noble one and rich with a Chapter of Canons of much authority In the Church of S. Anastassia is a fayr Chapel of Giano Fresco a Genouai Captain filled with Marble Statues and his own effigies The people of Verona are pious and have alwaies had good Bishops in particular lately Augustin Falerio a most upright Prelate and illustrious Cardinal as he was ever accounted by the most holy Fathers and Docters of the Chvrch. Nor will we forget Nicolo Hormanetto Bishop of Padoua nor Giberto who was the reformer of many Churches the first of whom brought into that Province Carlo Borromeo Doctor and Head of all the holy men and the most shining Star of the College of Cardinals Nor that the Churches of Verona before the Conncel of Trent were reformed into that order they still observe They give divine honors to Lucius the third Pope who going to Verona there to call a Council passed into a better Life and was there interred in the great Church whence in Verona was created Urban the third his Successor Verona is well peopled and hath many noble Families and hath produced signal Men in all exercises It had some Consuls in Rome It hath had many holy men and many blessed among which is famous San Pietro the Martyr of the Preaching order buried in Milan born in the Street of S. Stefano in Verona where at present may be seen the house of his Nativity The Veronians have sharp wits and are much inclined to Learning which hath occasioned that it in every Age hath brought forth Men of excellent esteem in all sciences They were Veronians that have their five Statues set upon the publick Palace So also was the learned Scaliger for whose sake and his Family i Signori della Scala is erected in the heart of the City a Stately Marble Tomb encompassed with Iron work resembling a Ladder which that name implies It hath afforded some Women too so well read in the Greek and Latin tongue and the Sciences that they have held disputes with many learned Men among others Isotta Nogarola was glorious it hath one Porphyre Tomb of a King of the Goths In summ Verona possesseth all those things that may render a Citty perfect and its Citizens happy So that t is no wonder that many Emperors induced by the beauty of the place spent some Moneths of the yeer there as we read in the codicils of Justinian and Theodosius and that Alboino first King of the Longobards and Pepin Son of Charls the Great and Berengarius with other Kings of Italy selected it for their own Residences and to the end no ornament might be wanting instituted an Academy for good Letters and Study of humanity in the house of the Signori Bevilacque whereof Cota a good Poet of our times saies well thus Verona qui te viderit non amarit protinus amore perditissimo is credo se ipsum non amat caretque amandi sensibus tollit omnes gratias The Territory of VERONA THe Territory of Verona in our times is about 80. Miles large from the Confines of Torbolo a Castle of Trent towards the South to the Polesene of Rovigo and from the Eastern part from the confines of Vicentia to them of Brescia which are towards the North 46. Miles and 15. miles towards South-East where it confines with the Padouan t is 30. miles long a fertile plain towards the Northwest it hath 25. miles of mountainous Countrey Towards South and by East thirty Mils to the Ferrarian or Mantouan confines of most fertile Countreys being no less pleasant than fruitfull of whatever can be desired It hath Mountains Hills Woods diverse navigable Rivers clear fountains oyl good Corn good Wine Hemp and great plenty of Fruit and Trees bearing Apples more sweet fresh and of longer keeping than any other Country It hath Fowl and Flesh of all sorts divers sorts of Stone and Chalk Villages with fair Fabricks and foundations of antient Towers In sum it may well be called as fair and happy a Territory as any other and more than some are Going out of the Gate Vescovato
but something Stoney Some will have it called Brescia from Britein which in the Language of the Galli Senones the restorers of this City signifie rejoycing Trees as if the quantity of Fruits wherewith they are yeerly hung made them rejoyce Livie and other grave Authors write that Brescia was built by the Galli Senones in that age when the Kings commanded in Rome and that the Romans made themselves Masters thereof after they had conquered all Lombardy They further say that it alwaies kept inviolable Faith with the Roman People and particularly in that calamitous time when Hannibal destroyed their Armies Besides they say that it was reduced into a Colony of the Romans after the associated Warr together with Verona and the other Cities on that fide the Po by Cn. Pompeius Strabo Father of Pompey the Great and a little time after Caesar reckoned the Brescians in the number of the Roman Citizens under whose Empire it continued till its Majesty was at the height when it was no less rich than potent as may easily be conjectured from the many antient Marble Stones and Statues with the inscriptions and Epitaphs of illustrious Persons and of divers famous deeds thereon which ly dispersed in the City and up and down its Territory T is seated in a plain at the foot of certain Hills more long than broad although but three miles in circuit yet well replenished with dwellings and inhabitants It s vicinity to the Hills beautifies it with many Fountains a commodity which many Cities of Lombardi want In it are many Piazzaes the greatest whereof is that where the publick Palace is erected which for its fairness may be accounted one of the Noblest Edifices of Italy Under which Palace are fair Porches with shops affording well tempered Belly pieces of Armour Swords Muskets and other military Arms which hath nominated it Brescia the Armed other shops are no less furnished with the finest Linnen cloth a Commodity by which these Citizens acquire great Riches A small River called Garcia passeth thorow the City which at its issuing forth is artificially drawn on this and that side to irrigate their Fields It hath five Porrs or Gates and one impregnable Castle built with Stone upon a Hill The Torre de Pallada is of rare Tuscan work and therein is the Great Bell of the City It heretofore suffered much calamity through the Factions and enmity of its Citizens whose fury was such that proscription and Death to their Enemies without fyring and destroying their Houses and Goods but trivally appeased Which caused it to change in 28. yeers its Soveraign seven times in the time of Lewis the third and Otto Emperors Its Citizens being much addicted to Arms. T is a most horrible thing to read the History of Capriole oâ—… those calamitous times representing the great slaughters of the Citizens with their Proscriptions and Banishments the sacking burning and ruining of their Habitations and the desolation of the City much resembling the times and Actions of Marius and Scilla and the Triumviraie At this day t is governed by the Venetians with great peace and such increase of Riches that its former smart is scarce perceptible It received the light of the Christian Faith by the preaching of Sant Apollinare Bishop of Ravenna in the yeer of our Lord 119. It hath some fayr Churches among them the Domo whose Bishop with a good Revenue hath the Tide of Duke Marquiss and Count where a Skie-coloured Cross called Oro Fiamma is much reverenced by the People who indubitably beleeve it to be the same which appeared to Constantine the Emperour fighting against Maxentius The Motto in hoc signo Vinces Next is the Church of Santa Giulia the Martyr built by Desiderius King of the Longobards in the yeer 735. adorned with rich Vests and pretious vessels and honoured with the bodies of many Saints together with those of Ansilperga the Sister and Hermingarda the Daughter of that King which ly in its noble Monastery wherein two daughters of Lotario the first Emperor one sister of Charles the the third one Daughter of Berengarus the Userper of the Empire with many other Virgins of Royal blood have spent their days in the â—…ervice of God under the Orders of Saint Benedict Brescia is well replenished with People and among them with many noble and illustrious Families as the Gambari the Martinengi the Magi the Avogradi Averoldi Luzaghi Emilii and others It hath given Birth to many Saints of whom they name only San Giovita and Faustino who suffered Martyrdom for the Faith of Christ on the Walls towards Verona whereof at this day appear some Marks of it It hath had thirty Bishops canonized for Saints Its Territory is so large spatious and long that t is believed the Bishop thereof hath the Cure of near Eight Hundred Thousand Souls It abounds with all things necessary for human Sustenance and the People are reputed of a quick-witted and elegant Ingennity whereof an elegant Poet writes Caelum hilarem frons laeta Urbi gens nescia fraudis Atque modum ignorat divitis uber agri The Territory of BRESCIA THe Bresciau Territory is one hundred miles broad begining from Mosa 15. miles distant from Mantoua and ending at Dialengo at the top of Alcamonica and 50. miles long extending from Limona on the Lake Garda to the Orzi Novi the Countrey conteyning 450. Towns Villages and Castles well peopled and affording all sorts of Corn Grain Wine Oyl and Fruite Towards the East on the Road leading to Verona on the right hand stand Gâ—…di Manerbio Calvesano Calcina to on the left the Mountaâ—…ns Bridigolo Padengo and the Lake with the fair Town of Lonato â—…5 miles off â—…rescia Towards the South by the way of Cremona aâ—… seen Virola and Asola a strong Castle Issuing sorth the Gate San Nazario towards the VVest on the right lies Priviato on the left Quintiano a noble Castle This is the way of the Orzi Novi where stands a strong Castle 20. miles from Brescia built in Anno 1134. Here they vant much of the excellency of their Linnen Cloth near which passeth the River Oglio which terminates the Venetians dominions And going out of the Gates Giovanni you meet the Torrent Mâ—…la Coraio a rich Country and Reato the most populous Town of the Brescian Territories a little farther a most fertile plain beautified with many Castles from the dwelling of the French there in t is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 but before you can reach Palazzolo must be passed the Rivâ—… 〈◊〉 over a stately Bridge from whence they enter the Territories of 〈◊〉 The BRESCIAN Valleys THis City hath three principal Valleys the first called Valcamonica lies towards the VVest and is bigger than both the other extending it self 50. miles towards the North is continued with surrounding Hills among which is a running current yeelding good Trouts which River enters at the head of the â—…ake Isseo running through it
the vast quantity of Merchandize invites as much People as Italians Germans Grizons and Switzers The Ayr is most serene there and its Territory produceth sweet wines Oyl and many pleasant fruits In some places for want of Land either fit for tillage or Vines the people employ themselves in working Woollen and Linnen Clothes which they afterwards carry into all parts of Italy Their Language is very rustick but that renders not the People so who are civil and ingenuous and no less disposed to Learning than Trade whence it took the surname of Bergamo the witty It hath produced many noble Wits who by their excellent virtues have added to its Lustre Whereof were Alberico di Rosato Doctor of Laws and Ambrogio Calepino whose works no ingenuous person neglects to have Fryer Damiano a convertite of the order of Preachers was a man of so great Ingenuity in cementing pieces of several woods together with such artifice that they have been often mistaken for Pictures drawn with a pencel that his fellow hath not been known herein Fryer Pagano of the same Order gave excellent example of constancy at his death given him by the Hereticks Hence also have issued men of great Judgment and Counsel to govern the Republick particularly of the Family of Foresti with many Cardinals Prelates and excellent Captains The first Advancer of the Christian Religion in this City was Saint Barnabas a Disciple of Christ in the 25th yeer of our Salvation together with Anatolone the Greek and Caio the Roman giving it for Bishop Narino one of its Citizens who having governed it with great sanctity of Life and Religion for thirty yeers deceased and was there interred whom many holy Bishops from one to another have succeeded In the Domo of Bergamo are 25. Bodies of Saints kept with great devotion Where near the high Altar stands the Sepulchre of Bartolomeo Coleone a famous Captain and Citizen of it with his Effigies in Marble which he caused to be cut for him by the Life the Epitaph whereof follows Bartholomeus Colleonus de Andegania virtute immortalitatem adeptus usque adeo in re militari fuit illustris non modo tunc viventium gloriam longè excesserit sed etiam posteris spem enim citandi ademerit saepius enim à diversis Principibus ac deinceps ab Illustrissimo Veneto Senatu accepto Imperio Tandem totius Christianorum exercitus sub Paulo Secundo Pont. Max. delectus fuit Imperator Cujus acies quatuordecim annos ab ejus obitu solo jam defuncti Imperatoris tanquam vivi nomine militantis jussa cujus alias contempserunt Obiit Anno Domini 1475. quarto nonas Novembris In the Church of Saint Agostino is the Tomb of Fryer Ambrogio Calepino who with great diligence and industry collected all the Latin words in a form approved by the gravest writers whose works are known to all the World being divulged where ever the Latine Tongue is spoken Bergamo together with its Burroughs contains a great number of Souls Above it stands the Capella or Chapel a place strong by its site upon a high Mountain and by the most impregnable Walls wherewith it was encompassed by Luchino Visconte Lord of Milano and Bergamo but at this time t is wholly abandoned and half ruinated being found by experience of little ayd to the City when need required here at first was layed a foundation for a Monastery for the Order of S. Dominick and a Chapel built whence called Capello Bergamo was long time subject to the Roman Empire after whose fall t was burnt by Attila then it was yoaked to the Longobardi who styled themselves Dukes thereof then reduced under the power of Kings of Italy and so continued till the daies of Filippo Turciano who became Lord thereof Anno 1264. After it was Subjugated by Luchino the Viscount Then Mastino della Scalla made himself Lord thereof By whom some time after t was sold to Pandolfo Malatesta for thirty thousand Duckats of Gold And after it had been some times occupied by the French of its own accord it gave it self to the Venetians under whom it peaceably reposeth to this day If farther and more at large any one defires to be satisfied in the history of Bergamo let him read the book entitled La Vigna di Bergamo Serio runs close by Bergamo deriving its source from those Mountains between which towards the North are 6 vales The first is called La vale Seriana from the River Serio's running through it which is well peopled who by Tolomeo are called Beccunni The second is Vale Brombana so named from its vicinity with the Banks of the River Brembo each of which are extended for thirty miles long The third is Vale di San Martino 15. miles long The fourrh Vale di Calepio the fifth Vale di Ohiusontio the sixth Val di Manca in which between Towns Villages and Hamlets are numbred 200. Inhabited places of which the chief are Calepio Lever de Chiusonto and Vertua where they make excellent Woollen Clothes On this side the Territory of Bergamo extends it self 28. miles Upon Calepio is the strong Castle Leuco where a Bridge conjoyns both the Banks of Adda On the West Bergamo hath the City of Como Monza and the Hills of Brianza towards the East Brescia and towards the South Crema with the above-described Places Bergamo is accounted 32. miles from Milan having on the right hand the Rivers Brembo which dischargeth it self into the Adda further on near the Adda is the well-fortified Castle of Trezzo reared by Bernardo Viscount of Milan Anno 1370. together with that artificial Bridge which on the left hand over the Adda discovers it self with the abovenamed Places At twelve miles distance from Bergamo stands Colonica a small Village where imbarking you psss 20 miles in the Water and so arrive at Milan CREMA THe Relation of this City should have been placed between the narrations of Brescia and Bergamo where in the second voyage from Brescia to Milan t is only briesly touched but the Author having found himself tardy in omitting an account of this esteemed one of the prime Cities of Lombardy apollogizeth for his placing it here in the end of this Book and promiseth a reformation in the next impress Being then in the City of Brescia and going forth the Gate San Nazario after twenty miles travel you arrive at Orzi Nuovi and having past the River Oglio find the Castle Soncino and sive miles more forwards meets Romanengo and so many more the City Crema which is situated in the East shore of the River Serio by which t is deliciously washed it lies in the Centre of fruitfull Lombardy between five illustrious Cities at thirty miles distance from each which encompasse it like a Crown whereof she may be termed the Cross that is to say Milan Bergamo Brescia Cremona and Piacenza who affording it what it stands in need of and expending its superfluities
with a stately Convent to be reckoned one of the chief of Europe for largness and beauty of building and the number of the learned and best Fathers which that Order enjoys where they shew in a refectory the Picture of our Saviour with the Apostles at the last supper drawn by Leonardo Uinci with such vivacity and Spirit that they seem to move and be sensible of the passions of Love Sorrow Joy admiration Suspition c. particularly in the Face of Judas one sees exprest that Treafon which he had conceived in his mind Leonardo Vinci having compleated all the Apostles not wanting more to its finishing than the visage of our Savionr it happened that he could never accomplish it because he had expressed so great beauty and glory in the Faces of Saint James the greater and the less that he had left no possibility for his fancy to draw any thing beyond them Whence pondring the impossibility of the thing he resolved to consult with Bernardo Zenale another worthy Painter of those times who its reported made him this answer This Picture hath one Errour which God only can rectifie for t is not imaginable that thou or any other Painter in the World can express more grace and Majesty than thou hast presented in the one and t'other James wherefore leave it as t is Lonardo did so as appears at this day yet not so demonstrable because time hath in part defaced the glory of those Faces There also are the effigies of Lodovico Beatrice and both their Sons afterwards Dukes Massiminiano and Francesco In the Church of S. Vittorie of the Fryers of the Mount of Olives is seen a Saint George giving death to the Serpent wrought by Raffael of Urbino The great aud sumptuous Domo or Cathedral was founded with infinite expence by the Duke Giovan Galeazzo built with such industry that for its greatness and Architecture the pretiousness of the Marbles and workmanship few Temples of the World can be paralleled unto it T is all of white Marble and about it are 500. Statues of the same It s length from East to West is 250. Cubits and breadth 130. It hath six Cupolaes one 80. cubits high two 50. another forty and the others 30. The four Pilastres of the greater Cupola are 32 cubis distant one from t'other It hath three proportionated Isles with sive gates in the front the Casements and Arches are of a Pyramid form the Iron Bars which sustain this great work are so hugely bigg that the Architectors of Charles the fifth beholding them from the ground were amazed at them Among the other Statues there are two most stupedious the one of Adam the other of S. Bartolomeo flleaed divinely carved by Christopher Cibo in one of which may be clearly discerned the whole Anatomy of Man which is unparalleld It hath two great Organs in one of which stands David the Prophet playing on the Symbal before the Ark wrought with great artifice by Gioseffo of Monza It hath two noble Vestries wherein they preserve their Vestments rich Ornaments and Vessels given them by arch-Arch-Bishops and Dukes with many reliques of Saints It hath besides a stately Chorus where the Dukes of Milan are intombed and before the great Altar stands the Grave of Cardinal Carlo Borromeo whose sanctity of Life and the form of good living prescribed by him to others hath raised this opinion that his Soul ascended immediately out of his Body into Heaven In another part is the Tomb of Giacomo Medici Marques of Melignano a Captain of great valour and his statue with his natural Visage and Military habit in Brass made by Leone Aretino In this Church they reverently keep also one of the Nayls wherewith our Saviour was nayled to the Cross given by Theodosius the Emperor Among the other pious places is the great Hospital of Milan praisable seated in an Island and invironed with Columns and Porches t is 600. rods about 150. of a side T is divided into four most capacious appartments having underneath many little Shops made on purpose for the workers employed for the use of the Hospitals In the middle walk are 112. Beds for sick persons all hung with Curtains equally distant one from another and accommodated in such manner that at the saying of Mass all may hear It s revenue is 50000. Crowns somtimes exceeds 90000. Crowns per. Ann. It maintains 4000. Souls and for its noble Structure may be fit for the greatest Prince Five miles out of Milan on the Road of Come is the Lazuretto of Saint George for the infected of the Plague which edifice is four-squared 1800 yards in circuit round iâ—… runs a Channel and within it are infinite beds with sufficient provision of all necessaries In this City are many Noble Lordly and magnificent Families among others the Ancient house of the Pusturley the Turriani who came from Valle Sassiuo and sometime governed here from this Family came Matteo Turriano who being Captain for Conradus the second Emperour in Arabia against the Moors was taken Prisoner and Martyrd for the Faith of Christ. The Visconti as some say were descended from the Trojani who built Angiera near the Lake Maggiore which City they long possessed when being the most potent Family in Lombardy Matteo Visconte was constituted imperial Vicar of Milan and all Lombardy and permitted to carry the Eagle in his ensignes Others say this Family had its original from the Kings of the Longobards Be it as t will twelve Princes of the Visconti held the dominion of Milan 170. years Under Duke John Galleazzo it commanded 29. Cities besides Lumbardy among others Genoua Bologna Pisa Belluno and Trento From the illustrious Family of Sforzaes have descended six Dukes of Milan Cardinals Queens and one Empress And besides the aforenamed the Families of the Trivultii Biraghi Medici Ruschi Mezenti Bezzozzi and others are of Milan It produced 4. Popes Urban the third Celestine the fourth Pius the fourth and Gregory the 14th Two Emperors Didius Julianus and Maximinianus Herculeus who built the Hercolean hot Baths and here in Milan deposed and quit the Emperial Diademme as also Virginius Rufus thrice Consul with many Cardinals Bishops Saints with eminent scholars in all ages as Salvio Giuliano Grandsire to Giuliano the Emperor Paulo Eleazarno Gioan Lignano Giasone del Maino Filippo Deno Andrea Alciato Marco Massimo the Historian and Astrologer Cecilio the Comick Poet the Cardinal Paulo Emilio Sfrondato Nephew of Pope Gregory the 14. a person worthy of much praise for his goodness and integrity of life The Arch Bishop of Milan hath the Title of Prince and hath a long time enjoyed the primacy thereof Its Jurisdiction extended it self heretofore to Genoua Bologno and some parts of Sicilia and proceeded from its riches and pride to that rashness that for 200. years it with drew it self from the Roman Bishops but Carlo Borromeo hath taken off much of that obliquy by the splendour he hath given to that Arch Bishoprick by his
holy conversation of whom nine are Canonized and two held for Saints Moreover from this excellent Country have Issued 6. Martyrs 13. Confessors 14. Men Saints and 7. Women It hath 179. Churches that is 33. for the Company of Laicks 3. Abbacies 2. Prepositors 2. for the Regular Priests 24. for the Fryers 23. Monasteries for Nuns 10. Hospitals 5. Priorates 2. Collegiate Churches and the Doâ—…o which is consecrate to Saint Peter and giveth the title of Prince to its Bishop with a great Revenew with many other Churches which are either Parochials or Oratories The Univerfity was placed in Bologna by Theodosins the Emperor in the yeer of our Lord 425. and much amplified afterwards by Charles the great and Lotario the Emperor the first Reader of the Civil Laws here was Irnerio induced thither by the said Lotario since when many wise and well-read men in all sciences have proceeded hence in the time of Giovan Andrea the Splendour of the Canon Law and Aâ—…one the Fountain of the civil Law we read there were ten thousand Students in this City Azone saies Legalium studiorum semper 〈◊〉 chiaâ—… tenâ—…it Bononia hence t is that Gregory the 9th directed his decretals to the Univerfity of Bolonia and Boniface the 8th Sisto and 〈◊〉 the 24th the Book of the Clementines The Fabrick of the University is very proud with a large Hall and spatious Courts In the City are many Colleges for several Nations and to speak its praises in one word t is a most happy University and merits that Character which all men give it viz. Bononia docet Bononia mater Studiorum The City contains 80000. Souls among them many noble Families with many titled as Dukes Marqueses Counts Captains of War besides infinite Scholars Its Riches are great and equally divided among the Citizens whence t is that they alwaies preserved a good reputation It fought with Federick Barbarossa and took his Son Enzo Prisoner maintaining him splendidly for 22. yeers It subjugated more than once Forli Imola Faenza Cesena Cervia and other places It gloriously maintained a War against the Venetians for 3. yeers together with an Army of forty thousand men and had some Families very potent as may appear by that of the Lambertazzi who being banished with all its followers out of Bologna in the yeer 1274. they say that what with Men Women and Servants they who by that decree went out amounted to the number of fifteen thousand persons The Burroughs and Suburbs of BOLONIA FOrth of Bolonia towards the West at the Foot of the Mountains is the Church of San Giofesso and the Monastery of the Certonisi Upon the top of the Mountain Guardia is reverenced an Image of the blessed Virgin drawn by the hand of S. Luke Out of the Gate towards the Emilian Way there is a noble Monastery of the Crutched Fryers and towards the South the Church Misericordia where reside the reverend Fryers of Saint Augustine Out of the Gate San Mammolo is a Monastery of the Jesuites and upon the hill is the miraculous Madonna del Monte a Church of the Benedictine Fryars where are the natural essigies of Bassarione and Nicholo Perotto Towards the East is the Church of San Vittore placed among the Hills where Bartolo the most learned Doctor resided 3. yeers as it were unknown near which are stately Palaces Without the City also stands San Michelle in bosco upon a hill with a rich and proud Monastery The Church is garnished with fair Colums Statues and Sculptures of Marble and sumptuous Altars with rare pictures the Quire with excellent Land skips there is a stately Library refectory with excellent Pictures drawn by Vasari among them the essigies of Clement the 7th in the Cloyster lies buried Antonio di Butrio a Doctor of Laws and Ramazzotto a valourous Captain in the Wars Its apportments are excellent Architecture and its gardens most delitious from which Monastery besides the City and Territory of Bolonia you have a full prospect of the pleasant Country of Lumbardy so much commended by Polibius in the second book of his histories as also of those Snowy hills the Alps which appear like Clouds the Adriatic Sea and the mouth of the Poe which runs into the Sea by many branches and likewise of Mantoua Ferrara Imola Mirandola and other surrounding places which seem as so many fair Roses and flowers dispersed over those Fields The Teritory of BOLOGNA TRavailing out of Bologna South-West you meet with the most antient Monastery or Priorate of Santa Maria del Reno whence have proceeded â—… Popes with many Cardinals Bishops Saints and other Religious Then turning on the left hand towards the Apenines and keeping the River Reno on the right you arrive at the Bridge Casaleâ—…chio a little farther you see the Chiesa which is a Wall traversing the Reno from sidè to side to force the Water down a Chanel cut artificially to Bologna for the driving certain Engines and Mils for grindidg Corn for making Vessels of Copper and Arms for War for beating of Spices and Galnuts for twisting of Silks for burnishing of Arms and for edging of divers Instruments â—…orm king of Paper sawing of Planks and divers other Mysteries and in the end to convey the Barks to Malelbergo and thence on the Poe to Ferrara Then you enter the Vale Reno between the River and the Hills which is most productive of all Grains and Fruits in which Valley stands the magnificent Palace of the Rossi a Palace for its capaciousness and delights fit to lodge an Emperor on the Hill near it is the Town Colossina which before you can aâ—…cend you must pass under a Rock by a way cut thorow with Iron on the left hand beholding a prodigious hollow through which the â—…eni passeth Then you â—…ind Panico a Town a long time possessed by the Family oâ—… Panico which at this day is wholly extinct More forward one discovers a fair Plain called Misano and in it certain foot-steps of Edifices and other Antiquities pursuing which way you arrive at the Town Vergata the seat of the Captain who hath Jurisdiction over the Inhabitants of the adjacent Villages and is diâ—…ant 15. miles from Bolonia Whenâ—…e travailing on the right hand shew themselves Cesio Barghi and Casâ—…lighone Castles of the Signori Pepoli near whereto are the confines of the Florentine Territories but on the right hâ—…nd along the Banks of the Reno are the Baths of Porretta where from Rocks gush out hot Waters very medicinal whose virtue is manifested to all by the Proverb which saies Chi beve l'acqua della Borrâ—…tta â—… che lo â—…pazza ò che lo netta thence taking the right-handway you enter the Graffignana treated of diffusely before Taking the Way through the Gate Galliera towards Ferrara you meet Corâ—…icella then pussing the Bridge over the Reno you see San Georgio a Castle ten miles off Bologna where leaving the Castles Cento and Pieve on
said Bembo Exiguo tumulo Danthes hic sorte jacebas Squallenti nulli cognito pene situ At nunc marmoreo subnixus conderis arcu Omnibus cultu splendidiore nites Nimirum Bembus Musis incensus Hetruscis Hoc tibi quem in primi hae coluere didit And with this other Inscription which the said Dante near his death composed Iura Monarchiae superos Phlegetonta lacusque Lustrando cecini voluerunt Fata quousque Sed qua pars cesset meliorib hospita castris Actorumque suum petiit faelicior astris Hic claudor Danthes patriis extortis ab oris Quem genuit parui Florentia mater amoris The biggest Church of Ravenna is the Arch-Bishops upon whose high Altar was formerly sustained a massy Silver heaven or canopy on four Pillars which was worth 30000. Crowns with excellent ornaments wrought with Gold all which were taken away by the sacriligious people of Lewis the 12th King of France when without any difference he sacked this City for which they afterwards received from the most high condigne punishment being most of them cut in pieces or forced to leap into the Poe or Tesino where they drowned themselves In a Semicircular Chapel are Limned those first arch-Arch-Bishops of Ravenna elected by the shewing of a Dove in Mosaick work a fair piece whose election was after this manner Sant Apollinare believed one of the 72 Disciples of Christ then ascended into Heaven departing from Antiochia with Saint Peter togo to Rome had in his passage taught the Christian Faith at Ravenna and afterwards stayed there to govern it whom none of the Disciples by him left judged themselves sit to succeed to govern that Church where fore all of them together withdrew themselves into a Temple to pray to God to demonstrate to wâ—…h of them it would please his Divine Majesty to commit that care whereat the holy Spirit in the form of a Dove descended upon the head of one who was understood by it to be elected by God to that Dignity after which manner eleaven Arch-Bishops were successively chosen And the Casement whereat the Dove entred is yet apparent though half shut over the Arch of the high Altar in the Church of Spirito Santo in this City in which Church on the left hand is a heap of Bricks near which in a Corner stood Severus a mean person and a simple Man upon whose head the holy Spirit descended visible to all he being the last of the eleaven T is worth ones pains to view the Church of Saint Apollinare called the golden heaven built most sumptuously by Theodorick King of the Ostrogoths it hath two ranks of most noble great Columns brought hither by that King from Constantinople and is garnished with many pretious Marbles extracted from Rome and other places of Italy and also some other Churches In Ravenna are many antiquities Epitaphs and antient Memorials whose Letters and words require a University of Interpreters The ruines of a stately Palace supposed King Theoricks appear yet in the midst of its Fountain is a statue of Hercules Horarius not elsewhere found Hercules stands like an Atlas bending with his left knee as ready to rise who with his two hands elevated and his head together supports a Solar Horologe whereon the shadow of the needle from the Sun shewes the houre of the day A like statue of Hercules was found in Rome in the Vineyard of Steffano del Buffalo which instead of the Horologe supported a round Globe with the Celestial Signs distinctly figured but this difference is not of any great moment nearly weighing the Signification of the thing for the knowlege of the hour arose from the observation of the Celestial motion and t is the Sun distinguishes the hour who by his annual course visites the whole Cirk of the Firmament which hath caused some to conjecture that Hercules signifies the Sun and that the 12 labours counted as of a Mans is the Ingress of the Sun through the twelve Signs in the circuit of the skies whereby the Sun of it self casts forth its beams persuing which Opinion misteriously though with somewhat accult sense they apply to the sun all the other Fables of Hercules which are two tedious here to be applyed let it suffice to have spoken so much to the purpose of that statue to rouse up our youth into a more near Scrutiny of the sense of the Fables of the antients from the knowledge wherein may be extracted many natural secrets hid under those their sayings and Fables Before Ravenna stands a most antient round Church of the blessed Virgin being so fair and large that the inward circle is 25. foot in diametre The walls are finely wrought and all the pavement is layed with small stones of various colours disposed into divers pleasing figures after the Mosaick work the Roofis of one squared entire hard stone hollowed in the midst whereof is the Cupola whereby the light penetrates t is scarce imaginable how or by what Art so great a stone could be mounted so high nor where had the Edge or Plate on the Walls at top as near as can be guessed are about 35 foot in circuit above the said Edge on the top four fair Collumns in former times susteyned the noble Sepulchre of Theodorick King of the Ostrogothes of Porphire specled with white being one entire stone eight foot long and four foot high with a cover of Brass figured and wrought to admiration with gold and othergarnishments which Tombe t is supposed Amalesunta his Daughter erected but in the time of the French war the wicked Souldiers of Lewis the 12th King of France with hopes of some great booty within drew it down and broke it whereof some Reliques yet remain Three miles forth the City in the way to Forli runs the River Ronco on the Bank whereof stands a Cross of stone in testimony that in the year 1512. Gastone de Fois Captain of the French Army there obtained a victory with the loss of his own life for that being too fiercly bent against his enemies he advanced two forward with very few in full speed of his Horse and of a sudden was dead in which battail dyed that day eighteen thousand Souldiers between French Spaniards Italians Germans and Switzers CERVIA NEar Ravenna lies that notable Wood called Pigneda from the infinite number of Pyne trees there growing whose Fruit supply all Italy Some miles beyond which stands Cervia a City but ill peopled by reason of the malignant ayr all whose Inhabitants are such as get a livelyhood by making Salt with Saltwater dryed in the Sun whereof they make such quantity that white Salt lies in Mountains In it is nought worth noting unless the model of so old a City built meerly for necessity The Cathedral Church although it hath a good revenue seemes but a Church of a Villa near it lies a Tomb of Marble in form of a Pyramide with two lovely Children carved at the foot of it After it had
been under several Lords in Anno 1527. it became a part of the Church Patrimony and so continues Whence you must passe the River Savio in whose Port Caesar Octavianus prepared a great Armada and then to the River Pistatello formerly called Rubicone famous not only for that the Romans made it the bound of two Provinces calling the one towards Rome Italia and the other towards the Alpes Gallia Cisalpina and commanded that no Commander of what quality soever should presume to pass that River towards Rome with armed Souldiers but also for that Iulius Caesar afterwards against the determination of the Senate and people of Rome conducted his Army over that River towards Rome where he first consulted by reason of the dangerous consequence might ensue so rash a Deed and in the end resolved and passed saying Eatur quo Deorum ostenta inimicorum iniquitas vocant Iacta sit alea and upon his demurr there he saw certain Birds fly called Augurii which to his Judgement seemed to invite him to transport those Souldiers he had commanded in France to commence a War against Rome his Mother and Country Travailing from Ravenna to Rimini on one hand lies the Sea and on the other fertile and pleasant Fields the Via Flaminia and Alpes at whose Feet stands the stately City Forli FORLI T Is believed that after Asdrubal was slain by the Roman Consul Livio Salinatore then united with Claudius Nero certain old Souldiers built a Castle and called it Livio in honour of the said Livius the Consul a mile and halfe's distance from where Forli now stands but because in the Via Maestra there was a fair Town wherein they made their Mart for Merchandize and Seat of Judicature for that cause called Foro they say that the Inhabitants of Livio after some time cousidering that t was more comodious to inhabite the said Town than their Castle Livio agreed with the Townes men to cohabite together and accordingly by Common consent with leave of Augustas which was easily obtained through the mediation of Livia his consort and Cornelio Gallo a Liviese they conjoyned those two names Foro and Livio and for brevity called the place Forli which in Latine by the name clearly appears being called forum Livii which union was made in the time that our Lord Christ was being on the Earth and 208. yeers after the first foundation of the Castle Livio Forli is placed between the Rivers Ronco and Montone enjoyes a delicate ayr with a most fertile Country in Wines Oyls Corn and Fruit together with Coriander seed Anniseed Cumin-seed and Woad in great abundance The men of Forli are for the most part gallant beyond measure and retains the martial disposition of their first Founders It was a long time subject to the Romans after them to the Bolonians and because four Bolonians banished out of Bolonia were courteously entertained in Forli the Bolonians raised a great Army against them but in a Battail received such an overthrow by the Forlesi that they never could raise their heads after it whereby the Bolonians power being abated the Forlesi yielded themselves up to the Roman Church from whome afterwards revolting Martin the 4th dismantled it and threw down the Walls consigning it to the Family Monfredi from whom it passed to the Ordelasi who again Walled it round but Sistus the 4th gave it to Giorlamo Biario Savonese whom Caesar Borgia Son of Alexander the 6th expelled and and took it by force of Arms but at last in the time of Giulius the second it again returned to the Church under whom to this day it continnes in peace and fidelity it hath yielded many learned and brave men as Guidon Bonato Rainiero Biondi and others BRITTONORO ABove Forli stands Brittonoro called in Latine Forum Trijarinorum this City is built upon a hill and above it hath a strong Fort fatal to Frederick the second it was a Town but created a City at the instance of Egidius Carrilla a Spanish Cardinal and Legate of Italy who having destroyed Forlimpopoli transferred thence his Episcopal Seat to Brittonoro in Anno 137. it participates a most happy Ayr and rich Country in Olives Figgs Vynes Fruitful Trees and good Waters It hath one place erected intentionally for a prospect where you have a full view of the Adriatick Sea of Dalmatia Croatia Venetia and all Romagna at one instant Barbarossa the Emperor at the instance of Pope Alexander the third being reconciled to the Venetians for this beautiful prospects sake requested Brittonora of the Pope for his habitation but the Pope perpending the constant fidelity of this People to the Sea of Rome prevayled with the Emperor by fair words not to take from the Churches government a place that in all occasions had demonstrated so sincere a Faith to it and so it continued under it till Alexander the 6th consigned it to Caesar Borgio his Son after whom the civil discords had almost destroyed it its Inhabitants being so prone to Arms that they know not how to live in Peace Finally Clement the seaventh consigned it to the Family Pii who yet enjoy it FORIMPOPOLI A Mile and halfe from Brittonoro on the Via Emilia stand Forlimpopoli called in Latine Forum Popilii which is one of the four Fori recorded in Pliny on the Via Emilia T was a City but in the year 700. Vitaliano being Pope Griomaldo King of the Longobardi secretly entred it on the Sabbath day when all the People with the Bishop were at Divine Service and slew all the Males and Females which done he sacked the City and levelled it with the ground It was afterwards renewed by the Forlinesi and again destroyed by Egiddio Carilla the Popes Legate dwelling in Avignone who in the yeer 1370. plowed it and sowed it with salt for its utter extirpation transferâ—…ng the Episcopal Seat to Brittonoro as afore aid twenty yeers after which Sinibaldo Ordelafo Lord of Forli repaired it and built the formidable Castle now there It enjoyes a good ayr fertile Fields and a great Ferry affording ample profit Bofello a most holy man of of stupenduous miracles was its Bishop in the Catalogue of Saints whose holy bones now lye in the Church called Santa Lucia Antonel lo Armuzzo with his Sons Meleagro and Brunoro much honoured this Country who by his Genius and strength from a mean person acquired the dignity of being Captain of the Popes Cavalry SARSINA NEar Forlumpopoli is seated the City Sarsino at the foot of the Appenines whose Citizens furnished 20000. Armed Souldiers in supply to the Romans against the French when they made a most furious eruption over the Alpes into Italy Its ayr is healthfull and Territory abounds with Olivs Vines and other fruitful Trees It continued a long time under Malatesti but when Rimini became subject to the Church Sarsina yeelded with it afterwards Leo the 10th bestowed it on the house of Pii this City gave birth to Vicino Bishop of Liguria a most holy man
French San Giacomo for the Spaniards San Tomaso for the English San Pietro for the Hungarians Santa Brigida for the Swedes San Giovanni and San Andrea for the Dutch San Giovanni Battista for the Florentines San Giovanni Battista near the Banks of the Tyber for the Genâ—…veses instituted â—…nd endowed by Media dusto Cicala besides many houses both for poor and Orfanes of which no particular Catalogue is set down least filling the volume with the less conside rable we leave not space for the more observable things in Rome In the Popes Palace called the Vatican are the Libraries The one contains selected choice books alwaies shut up The other two filled with Latin and Greek Books written by the Pen in parchment are as much open and free to any students for two hours in the day which were furnished by Pope Nicholas the 5th And now there is a new one collected by Pope Sistus the 5th The Inscriptions Pictures and Verses of which were made publique by the judicious Pen of Angelo Rocca Bishop of Tagasta Some other Libraries in Rome are worthy notice to wit that of Santa Maria del Popolo Of Santa Maria soprala Minerva Of Santo Agostino of Vallicola of Saint Andrea and of the Jesuists Colledge besides three others which at the siege and sacking of Rome were robbed or burnt The Popes Gardens where Persons of Quality have free ingress together with the houses and Gardens of the Cardinals and other noble Persons of Rome yeeld ample solace aud recreation to the Lovers of Antiquity by their great varieties in those particulars These Pallaces omitting many others deserve a serious and timely visit to wit that of the Family of the Conservadori nel Campi doglio of the Massini of the Busali of the Rucellai of the Furnesi of the Colonne the Mattei Cevoli and Borghesi together with the Pallace Latterenense royally repaired by Pope Sistus the 5th The City Rome was antiently divided into nineteen Praecincts or Wards whereof at present remain but these 14. de Monti della Colanna del Ponte del Arenula della Rogola della Pigna del Capitello di Transtevere di ..... del Campo Martio di Sant Eustachio di Sant Angelo della Ripa del Borgo The six stones Bridges built over the Tevere or Tyber are these Ponte Molle or Milvio two miles distant from the City without the Porta del 〈◊〉 Ponte Angelo or Elio antiently Ponte Gianiculese built by Pope Sistus Ponte Saint Bartolemeo or Costio Ponte Maria Egittiaca or Palatino and Ponte dei quatro Capi formerly called Fabritio when also there was one more called Sublicio whose Pyles are yet to be seen near the Aventine hills and another called Triumfale whose pyles appear at San Spirito The Waters wherewith the City is supplyed are these L'acqua virgine which runs through the Campo Martio the work of Pope Nicholas the 5th l'Alsietina restored by Innocent the 8th for the Vatican La Salonia canducted at the cost of Pius the 4th besides which many others waters were conveyed by Gregory the 13th by others in antient times The Piazzaes in Rome are many but those of most note at this day are La Piazza Vaticana La Navona La Giudea and La Fiore The new Porticues or open Galleries which are the chief are three viz That della Benedittione That in the Vatican Palace fronting the Piazza and the Cerridore towards Belvedere The Piazza or market place for Fish stands now where in former time it was That for the Hoggs Oxen Cows Sheep c. where antiently was the Foro Romano The Bakers have four Piazzaes and conjoyned with them are the Shambles in the Piazza Novaâ—…a every Wednesday is held a great Market The Hills are very little inhabited the ruines of old structure rendring the Ayr so unwholsome as to be only fit for Gardens or Vineyards not dwelling Houses Pope Sistus the 5th caused many fair streets to be drawn by a Line The residing Palace of the Pope stands contiguous with the Church of Saint Pietro wherein are contained many stupendious things as the Chapel of Pope Sistus the Paulina replenisht with the excellent pictures of Michael Angelo Bonarota a Florentine so compleat perfect and exact that t were the glory of this age to find a modern Painter could approach then in art or Similitude Besides which his Holiness hath Retreats for the Summer as one near San Marco another near Santa Maria Maggiore a third near the Fontana de Trevi but the most favoured and therefore most ordinary retirement is Monte Cavallo heretofore called Quirinale The Palaces of the Cardinals are disperst up and down the City as aforesaid The houses of the Citizens are not despicable either in Structure Antiquities Pictures and other noble Houshouldstuff or Fountains The Castle Saint Angelo or Mole d'Adriano is a fair strong Cittadel alwaies furnished with all warlike provisions Herein they solemâ—…ize great Feasts and Holy dayes three times in the yeer with the discharging of all the great Guns and Fireworks To wit on the Festival day of San Pietro Paolo the second is celebrated annually on the day whereon the immediate Pope is selected to the Pontifical Chair the third on the day the said immediat Pope is crowned The Guard of which Castle is committed to some Person of Quality who is understood to have compleated his Charge and Government at 7 yeers end and is then comonly rewarded with a Cardinals â—…ap or some thousands of Crowns The Aqueducts of the old Romans with their conserves for waters were many but that of Acqua Claûdia was composed with so much Art and at so vast expence that but only to repair and restore it to its antient form cost five hundred and sixty Talents besides which there was l'acqua Martia Aless andrina Giulia Augusta Sabbatina Appia Traiana Tepula Alsietina di Mercurio della Virgine del'Aniene the old and Antoniane the new and others together with infinite Baths as le Anliane le Variane le Titiane le Gordiane le Novatiane le Agrippine le Alexandrine le Manliane le Dioclesiane le Deciane those Bathes appropriate to Trajan Philip Adrian Nero Severus Constantine Farnus Domitian and Probus with many others The Piazzaes also in those days were divers a Sla Romana that of the Pistory of Caesar of Nerva of Trajan of Augustus of Salustus of Dioclesian of Enobarbus and the Esquilina wiâ—…h those particularly used for Herbs Beasts Fish Sheep Hoggs Bakers for the Countrey market people and the Transitoria The Triumphal Arches which are most famous follow of Romulus of Claudius of Titus Vespasian of Constantine of Lucius Settimius Severus of Domitian of Trajan of Fabianus of Gordianus of Galienus of Tiberius Theodosius and Camillus The Amphitheatres named were these that of Stafilius Taurus of Claudius and that of Titus Vespasian which was capacious enough for one hundred and fifty thousand persons The Theatres these that of Scaurus Pompejus Marcellus Balbus and Caligula The Circi or
be sustained by Pillars But Pope Iulius the second â—n anno 1507 was the Founder of the new part himself laying the first stone of the foundation with his own hands in the presence of thirty five Cardinals Bramante of Urbin was the Inventor of the Model which Michael Angelo Bonarota the Florentine afterwards added to and corrected Antonio Fiorentino by order of Eugenius the 4th made the gate of Brass with the figures of Christ the blessed Virgine of Saint Peter and St Paul In the holy week every yeer they shew here the Visage of Christ called Volto Santo impressed on the Towel of Veronica There is one Figure of the Virgine Mary holding Christ dead in her lap the work of Michael Angelo whose also is that most excellent Picture of universal Judgment placed in the Popes Chappel On the Eastern part of the Church hangs the Pinnace of St. Peter in Mosaick work by Giotto Fiorentino In the Chorus stands the Tombe of Pope Sixtus the fourth all of Brass and on the top lies his Figure represented sleeping with Vertue on both sides and round it the Sciences that is Theologie Philosophy and the liberal arts with his Inscription The work of Antonius Palladius in anno 1482. Herein also besides those of the first Martyrs Lyno Cleto and others are the graves and Tombs of many Popes to wit of Innocent the 8th in Brass of Pius the 2d a Siennois Pius the 3 Son of a Sister of Pius the 2 Of Marcellus the 2 who lived in the Pontificacy but 22. dayes Iulius the third all without Inscriptions These following have all Epitaphs in verse As Nicolas the 5th Eugenius the 4th Urban the 6th Adrian the 1st Gregory the 4th and 5th Boniface the 8th Paul the 3d. whose Brass Tomb stands in the new part Innocent the 4th Urban the 7th Gregory the 13th and 14th and also Balbo the most learned in the Greek and Cardinal dalla Porta Who desires more ample satisfaction in the particulars of the 7 principal Churches of Rome shall find it in the diligent writings of Onofrius Panuinus and Attilius Serranus in the Latin tongue and of Pompeio Ugonio in the Italian Let this compendious description content the curious in this study here who for more light are referred to the Authors above named Now le ts pass to the other Churches and memorable places A Catalogue of the Churches of ROMF set down Alphabetically with the Epitaphs most worthy noting therein extant SAnto Adriano in tribus Foris was a Temple first dedicated to Saturn in foro Romano then to Nerva the Emperour and lastly to St. Adrian when Cardinal Gio Bellaio repaired it Santo Agapeto near San Lorenzo Santa Agata a Church of the Gothes under tâ—â— Viminale Here stand the Figures of Diana and of Peace to whom t is believed t was dedicated Before the Gate are figured certain Children with the pretexta on which was a Gown edged about with purple silk that the Noble mens Children of Rome wore till of the age of seaven yeers who sit on seats as if at School In it likewise is the Tomb of Giovanni Lascaro with two Greek Epitaphs Santa Agnese in the Borgo de Parione or the Vianomentana a Church built with stately stones beautifyed with 26 marble Collumnes and a descent of 32 steps Near it stood formerly a Monastery now fallen to the ground first deserted for the intemperate Ayr. In it was layed the body of St. Agnese anno 114â—… It s Porticue was built by Cardinal Iulius Nephew of Sixtus the 4th Nâ—…r this stands a Church dedicated by Alexander the 4th S. Costanza Daughter of Constantine the Emperour Which was formerly dedicated to Bacchus as is collected from a Porphyr Tomb yet remaining there upon which are carved certain Children treading of grapes It s form is round It hath 24 Marble Pillars and is politely wrought alla Mosaica Sant ' Alberto nell'Esquillie Sant ' Alessio nell'Aventino formerly the Temple of Hercules a Conquerour In this Church is preserved the pair of Staierâ—… under which in his Fathers house that Saint lived unknown for some time â—…n it likewise Vicenza Cardinal Gonzaga lies buried Sant ' Ambrosio of Masina in Rome or the high street of Sant ' Angelo and another of the same in Campo Martio Sant ' Anastasia at the foot of Mount Palatine in the Street Harenu la This was a Temple of Equestrian Neptune whom they also styled Conscio for that they believed him a God knowing of secrets Santo Anastasio in the street Aâ—…deatine near to Tre Fontana the three Fountains Santo Andrea della colonna in the street Trevio de Ania near the Palace of the Savelli Dalla Tavenula between the hills Celio and Esquilino Delle Fratte dalle Barche on the Banks of the Tyber De gli Orsi in the Harenula In Montucna at the foot of the Capitolino In Nazareno in the Harenula In Paliura in the Palatino In Portogallo In Statera at the Foot of the Capitolino In Transtevere in the Vaticano in Piazzo Siena which hath a rich Chapel of the Rusellai Santo Angelo nel Foro Bovare in the Fish market heretofore a Temple of Mercury in Dioclesians hott Baths was dedicated by Pius the 4th to the blessed Virgin and the Angels near it is a Cloyster for the Carthusian Fryers supported by 100. Pillars In it lies buried the said Pius the 4th Bocca Scorbellone Francesco Alciato and Simonetto Cardinal S. Angelo of Mozarella nel Monte Giordano Santa Anna in the Flaminian Circe and under the Viminale Sant ' Antonio in Portogallo-Di Padoâ—…a in the Valle Martia Nel Esquilino where at the festival of Saint Anthony they drive all their Beasts and Sheep up near to the Altar that they may afterwards be protected against the danger of Diseases and Wolves Near to it stands the Hospital restored by Pius the 4th a Millanese Santo Apollinare formerly the Temple of Apollo Iulius the third joyned to it the Colledge of the Germans Near it stood the house of Mark Antony the triumvir Li santi Apostoli XII in Trivio here reside the Fryers Conventuals of Saint Francis The Inscription on a Marble stone assures us t was built by Constantine the Great afterwards ruined by the Hereticks and then restored by Pelagius and Giovanni the Popes Wherein are the Graves and Tombs of the great Cardinal Niceno Bessarione the Tusculan Bishop and Constantinopolitan Patriark Of Cardinal Pietro Savonese Of Bartolomeo Cameriero Beneventano the Divine aud Lawyer Of Cornelius Mussus Bishop of Bittonto the Prince of Preachers Li Santi Apostoli XII in the Vatican Santo Augustino in Campo Martio a convent of the Austin Fryers Herein lies the body of Santa Monica the Mother of Saint Austin a Father and Doctor of the Church with these Verses Hic Augustini sanctam venerare parentem Votaque fer tumulo quo jacet illa sacro Quo quondam grato toti nunc Monica mundo Succurrat precibus prestet opemque suis. This Saint Austin was
possession of that Kingdom with divers fortunes till at length the Arragonians were wholly driven out of the Kingdome of Naples by Charls the VIII But the Arragonians at last regained the possession by the prowesse of Consalvo Ferrando the great Captain who drove out the French for Ferrando the Catholick King of Spain from whom the Kingdomes of Sicilia and Naples passed by an hereditary succession to Charles the 5th Emperor and from him it descended to Philip the second who left it to his Son Philip the third Catholick King who now injoyes them in quiet possession A Description of the Island of MALTA BEtween Sicilia and the River of the one and t'other shore of Barbary are fixed the two Islands Melita or Malta and Gaulo or Gozo the one distant from the other five miles but eloigned from Pachino or Capo Passero a Promontory of Sicilia which they look towards one hundred miles and from Africa one hundred and ninety miles Malta is 60. miles in circumference being all as it were a plain though somewhat Rocky and exposed to the windes it hath many and secure Ports but towards the North t is wholly deprived of fresh waters but on the western parts are excellent Currance and it produceth most fruitfull trees Where t is broadest t is 12 miles over and in the longest part 20 miles and in all those seas is there not one Island so great distance from the firm Land as this is In more then six places towards Sicilia t is hollowed and hath Ports as it were formed by the Sea of Sicilia for receipt of its Pyrates or Rovers on the Sea but towards Tripolis t is all full of Cliffes and Rocks affording no mannor of Harbour T is called Melita in Latine from the Bees which in Greek are called Melitte for that the abundance and goodnesse of Flowers causeth in this Isle the production of the most excellent hony but of late by corruption of the word we call it Malta At its first habituation it yielded obedience to King Battus famous for his riches and for the friendship and hospitality of Dido whence afterwards it obeyed the Carthaginians Whereof the many Collumnes placed up and down the Countrey engraven with antient Carthaginian Characters farr different from the Hebrean give sufficient testimony But at the same time when Sicilia was reduced to the Romans it also rendered it self and was therefore governed by the same Laws and the same Praetor as Sicilia was Wherewith also coming afterwards into the power of the Saracens it finally with Gozo in the yeer 1090. was possessed by Ruggieri Normanno Count of Sicilia till at length it obeyed the Christian Princes The Ayr over all the Island is most healthfull but chiefly to them that inure themselves to it It hath Fountains and Orchards copiously replenished with Date Trees and its soyle every where produceth plentifully all sorts of Grain and Corn Flax Cotton Wool Cummin seeds and abundance of Roses eminently sweet favoured here also they have a kind of little neat white Dogs which from their long hair we call shocks of much delight to the people The Earth is sowed all the year with little husbandry and they reap two harvests and the trees likewise bear fruit twice in the yeer In the winter every thing is green and flourisheth and in the summer is burnt up with heat howbeit a certain Dew falls which exceedingly nourisheth the Corn. At the head of a long and strait point almost opposite to the Capo Passero or Pachino in Sicilia is erected the Fortezza of Sant Ermo but on the right hand towards Sicilia are some other points and between them and Sant Ermo is a Channel of water upon one of which points is the Castle Sant Angelo and the other the Fortezza of San Michael with their Bourges between the one and the other of which lie the shipâ—… Galleys in a Channel which is locked at the utmost points with a vast Iron Chain Eight miles off which place up the Land stands the City called Malta famoused by the Reliques of very noble Edifices and by the antient dignity of a Bishoprick This Isle hath a Prâ—…montory whereon was built a most antient and noble Temple dedicated to Juno and held in great reverence and another on the South to Hercules whereof at this day huge ruines appear at the Port Euro The men of this Island are brown complexioned and their genius more approaches that of the Sicilians then any other The women are beautifull enough but fly company goe obscured abroad are kept close at home yet following the same manner of life as the Sicilians and speaking a language more like and near the Carthaginian then any other language The people are generally religious and particularly pay a great devotion to Saint Paul to whom this Island is dedicated for that here he by chance fell into the Sea and was here entertained with great humanity and on that shore where he fell in is built a venerable Chapel for their respect to whom they believe no noysome nor venemous Creature can grow or live on this Island And from the Grotto where that Saint stood are stones by many plucked away and carryed through Italy called the Gratia of Saint Paul to healthe bitings of Scorpions and Serpents In our Age this Island had and hath great splendour for its Devotion and the religious order of the Knights of Sant Giovanni or John of Jerusalem the which having lost Rhodes taken from them in the yeer 1522. by Soliman the magnificent the great Tnrk had this Island given them by Charles the 5th Emperour where they have built the aforenamed Castles and Forts that they may there reside with perpetual security In the yeer 1565. they valiantly defended the same against a most potent Armada which the same Soliman sent thither to conquer the Island and to drive out those Knights which in time to come will not contribute lesse glory to Malta then that which they reaped in times past from the general Council which under Pope Innocent the first was there celebrated by 214. Bishops against Pelagius the Heretike among others there met Saint Austine and Sylvano Bishop of Malta Soliman sent to this Attempt an Armada a Fleet of 200 sayls under the command oâ—… Piali Bassa General of the Sea a man both valiant and judicious and of Mustapha the Bassa General of the Land a man very crafty and much experienc't in warlike affairs who having disembarked and landed their Army on the 18. of May besieged and battered the Castle Sant Ermo and after many contests and attempts having beat down that wall flat to the Earth on the 23d of June became Masters of the Fort and put all the defendors to the Sword and cut them to pieces There dyed then on the Turks part Dragut â—…ais the famous Pyrat being wounded under the ear by the blow of a stone Then they turned their force upon the two other Fortezza's of Sant Michael and Saint Angelo They planted a fierce battery against San Michael which levelled the walls with the bank of the Fosse or Ditch by their falling therein but in many and many assaults which they gave to the Castle they were alwaies valiantly repelled by the Horse Giovanni Valetta a French man the then great Master a man of singular valour and prudence not failing in any thing of conduct or necessary provision that might merit the esteem of an excellent Commander At last Don Garcia de Toledo having selected sixty of the most nimble and polite galleys out of those of the King of Spain and furnished them with nine thousand six hundred Souldiers between Spaniards and Italians advanced to land them securely on the Island Which the Turks understanding forthwith imbarqued their Artillery and advanced with 8000 Souldiers to view the Christian Army who fell upon them with such ardour and fury that they immediately most basely run away and got into their Galleys leaving 1800 dead having killed but only four on the Christians side And in this manner were the Turks constrained to abandon the Island to their â—…oul shame and confusion and the great honour of Almighty God whose hand strengthning this small number clearly demonstrated that by his favour the valour of a few can oppose the violence of many VERSES composed on the Cities of ITALY translated out of the ITALIAN FOR Pompe and Pietie old Rome is fam'd Venice is rich the Sage and Lordly nam'd Naples is noble and of pleasant air Florence through all the world reputed fair Milan doth of her Grandeur justly boast Bologna'sâ—…att â—…att Ferrara civil most Padoua Learned subtile Bergamo And Genoua's Pride her stately buildings show Worthy Verona bloudy Perugia Brescia well-armed and glorious Mantoua Rimini good Pistâ—…ia barbarous Babling Siena Lucca industrious Forli phantastick kind Ravenna's styld Singalia with nauseous air is fill'd Pisa is pendent 〈◊〉 Capua Pesaro flowry and as all men say Ancona far from a good Poâ—…t doth sâ—…ray Urbin in her fidelity is strong Ascoli round and Recanate long Foligno's candied streets most pleasant are The Ladies of Fano so smooth and fair That said they are from Heaven sent to be But Modena more happy is then shee FINIS 1199. Sholes Muran St. Georgio Zuecca Lizafusina Edmond Walâ—…er Espuire Polverara Adria Euganei Monselice Estè Lendinrâ—… Rovigo Peredeo Campo Martio St. Michael Monte forte Scala Sanzen Peschiero Desensano Paltena Pulicella Bardolino Gardo Caldo. Sirmione Domo Santa Juliia Lonato Asola Oglio Reato Valcamonica Isseo Brenna Troppia Cardone Del Sole Caravaggio Cassina Soncino Crema Lodi Malpaga Vale Serina Brombana San Martino Calepio Chiusontio Manca Como Como Bersalina Belasio Monza Somasca Martosana Ro Angiera Novarra Mortara Valese Adda Pusterlengo St. Antonio Bobio Arquato Fidenti St. Donnino Colorno Bergo Bardo Aquario Vignola Carpi Panaro Novantola Agata Forcelli Râ—…ssi Colossina Panico Vergata Bâ—…aghi Porretta Poggio Bâ—…trio Rièardina Guelfo Quaterna San Pietro Dozza Pianora Scarao Scarperia Pratolinâ—… Fiesole Mugello Lucca Poggibonzi Mount Olivet Radicofano Pienza Chiuse Monte Pulciano Grossetto Bolsena Tevere Soana Castro Orbello Tuscanello Cornetto Horti Viterbo Canepina Lagâ—… Vico Sutri Cività Rofolo Cremera Piadena Gazuolo St. Benedict Stapylton 33 feet denote yeers 6 fin gers 6 months