of the postures them selves Briefe observations upon the postures of the Pike answering to the number of every figure following 1 SEt the but end of your Pike neere your right foot on the outside holding it right up in your right hand about the height of your eye and your arme a litle bending and your right foot forward 2 With the right hand alone bring your Pike just before your body bearing it directly right up raising the but end from the ground then take the Pike with your left hand about the height of your gridle 3 Forsake the Pike with your right hand and with the left hand alone raise vp the Pike that the But end be about the height of your thigh then take the But end in your right hand without stooping to it 4 Forsake the pike with the left hand and with your right hand alone carry the pike right up locking the pike betweene your shoulder and arme your right hand holding the but end of the pike about the height of your hip 5 Sink your right hand a litle and with your left hand take the pike as high as well you can reach and bring the pike just before your body 6 Forsake the pike with your right hand and bring downe the pike in your left hand that the but end be neere unto the ground then with your right hand take the pike about the height of your head 7 Forsake the pike with your left hand and with the right hand onely set the but end on the ground on the out side of your right foot as in the third posture 8 Bring the pike just before your body raise the but end from the ground bearing it forward then take it with your left hand a little beneath your right 9 Bring forward the pike with your left hand and take it in your right reaching backeward as farre as well you may 10 Forsake your pike with your left hand with the right onely lay it vpon your right shoulder bearing the but end about a foot from the ground holding your thumb under the pike the better to gouern it carrying the pike forward 11 Beare your right hand with the pike backward as farr as well you can with your left hand take the pike forward and with the right beare the pike vpward 12 Forsaking the pike with the right hand cast the point forward that the but end may conveniently be taken in the right hand 13 Take the but end of the pike in your right hand holding it about your hip and raising the pike with your left hand about the hight of your breast carry the pike directly before you your left foot tward 14 Raise the right hand and stretch it backward your left hand being at your breast your left elbow against your hip 15 Beare downe the but end of the pike with your right hand and raise the pike with the left and so advance as in the sixth figure 16 Sinke your right hand and with your left take the pike as high as wel you may reach brining the pike just before your body 17 Forsake the but end with your right hand bearing forward your Pike in the left hand and take the pike backward in the right hand as farre as well you may reach 18 Forsake the Pike with your left hand and with your right onely lay it vpon your shoulder or as in the twelfth figure 19 Beare the pike with your right hand backward take it forward in your left hand as you may conveniently reach bearing the pike with your right hand upward 20 Forsaking the pike with your right hand beare it over your head and at the same instant turne your body to the left hand that you may conveniently take the but end of the pike in your right hand 21 Having the but end of your pike in your right hand stretch your right arme backeward and set your left hand at your brest c as in the sixteenth figure 22 Slip your left hand forward as farre as well you may and lift the pike upwards to your head and with the right hand beare the but end some what downeward 23 Forsaking the but end of the Pike with your right hand beare up the pike over your head with your left hand onely at that instant turne your face to the right hand and be ready with your right hand to take the Pike more backward 24 Having the pike in the right hand forsake it with your left and with the right hand onely lay it upon your shoulder as in the 12 and 20 figure 35 This is to be done in three motions as the contrary is showne in the ninth tenth eleventh figures Beare the pike with the right hand backward with your left take it forward bearing the but end downeward then slip downe your right hand a little aboue your left and set the but end on the ground as in the ninth figure 26 This is to be done by severall palming postures with the right hand beare the but end of the pike backward as farre as you can and continue palming till you come to the head of your pike 27 With yout left hand hold the pike a litle below the head your right hand more backward as farre as the cheekes or arming reach set your right hand upon your hip your elbow stretch foorth and your left hand more forward before your breast 28 Remoue your right hand to your left in your right hand onely carry your pike your hand being vpon your hip 29 This is to be done by severall palming posturs backward bringing forward your right hand as farre as well you can and with the left hand gripe the pike backeward as farre as you can 30 Forsake the pike with your right hand bring forward the pike with the left take it backward with the right and so cōtinue palming until you have the but end of the pike in your right hand 31 Stretch your right arme backward with the pike in your hand your left hand at your breast and your elbow upon your hip as in the sixteenth figure 32 This is to be done in three motions first bearing the pike right up before the body and so forward as from the advance in the 6 7 and 8 figures onely you must observe to set the but end of the pike at the inside of the right foot which is your close order 33 The but end of the pike resting against your right foot take it in your left hand abouthe heigh of your gridle and step forward with your left foot the knee bent lay your left arme vpon your knee couching downe low and draw your sword over your left arme 34 Raise your body right up set your pike against your right shoulder with the left hand the but end being stil upon the ground then put up your sword Briefe observations upon the postures of the Musket answering to the number of every figure on the other page 1 THis figure sheweth a muskettier marching with his musket on his left shoulder aslope holding the but end of it with his left hand and his match between the two lesser fingers with his rest in his right hand and his right leg before 2 How he carrieth his musket shouldred with the rest crosse close to the inside of his musket his match between
his two fingers holding his thumbe upward to the forke of the rest and his right leg before 3 Draw the right leg to your left and withall sink your musket and then slip your rest griping it with your right hand between the brich and the thumb-hole 4 Hold the musket upright in your right hand and on your side raise your left hand to the forke of your musket and set your thumb against the Forke 5 Sink your right hand and gripe the musket fast in your left hand with your rest on the out side holding your thumb hard against the care of your Fork to lock the rest fast to your musket in your left hand that you may have the use of your right hand to do the posturs following 6 Take your match from between your little finger with your thumb and the second finger of your right hand being turned with the palme from you 7 Bring the right hand with the match backward and your left hand with the musket and rest forward turning your face a little backward and blow of your match with a good blast 8. Holding your match between your thumb and second finger then bring it to the cock presse it into the cocke with your thumbe 9 Your thumbe and finger being upon the cock and your second and third finger under the cock pull the cock downe to the pan and with your thumbe and middle finger either raise or sinke it that it may fall right into the pan 10 Lay the two fore fingers of your right hand upon your pan the thumb behind the schutchin of the pan the easier to lift up the musket and so bringing up the musket with both hands toward your mouth and yet not stooping blow againe your coale 11 Open yonr pan with your two fingers and withall bring backe your right hand to the thumbe-hole of your musket your second finger to the tricker and with your left hand fix the forke of the rest to your musket your thumbe against the forke and set the pick end of the rest vpon the ground 12 Lye on and lift up your right elbow bringing the but end of your musket with in your shoulder neere your breast winding your shonlder to it holding it fast from recoiling presenting a faire body the small end appeareing a little aboue your shoulder haveing the left legge before bending a little with the knee and resting stiffe upon your right legg take your marke breast high 13 First sinke the but end of your musket and with the rest bring it to your right side then stepp forward with your right legge and carrying your musket in your left hand fall away 14 Take the match out of the cocke with the thumbe and second finger of your right hand holding the musket and rest in the left hand onely 15 Returne the match betweene the two lesser fingers of your left hand from whence you had it 16 Bring up the musket with the left hand onely towards your mouth and withall blow your pan stiffely not stooping with your head in the meane time take your touch boxe in your right hand as this figure sheweth 17 Hold your touch-boxe betweene the thumbe and fore-finger of the right hand onely and so prime as sheweth the figure 18 Lay the right thumbe over the barrell neere the pan and with your two fore-most fingers shut the pan 19 Hold your musket fast with the right hand at the breech the left as before turning the pan downewards that the loose powder may fall off 20 Hold your musket in both hands as before heave it vp towards your mouth not stooping blow off the loose dust or cornes 21 Hold your musket in both hands as before beare it upright towards your left side and with all step forward with your left leg then holding the musket only in the right hand at the breech forsaken your rest 22 Having forsake your rest take the musket into your left hand about the middle of the barrell so as the but end touch not the ground trailing your rest between your musket and your body 23 Take your charg in your right hand with the thum band fore finger there of thrust of the cover 24 Draw back your left hand with the musket as far as conveniently you can and with your right hand put powder in to the boore of the barrell holding the charge between your thumb fore-finger onely as this figure showeth 25 Take your bullet forth of your bag or out of your mouth and then put it into the muzzell of your musket 26 VVith your right hand turning the palme from you draw forth your scouring stick bearing your body and your left hand with your musket so farre backe as you can 27 Having drawne forth your scouring-sticke set the rammer head against your brest and slip your hand closse to your rammer that you may the easier put it into the muzzel of your musket 28 After your bullet least it should fall out againe either in skirmishing or upon a slooping trench put in some Harts haire or some other stopping and then with your scouring-sticke ramme home your powder bullet and stopping twice or thrice 29 VVith your right hand turned draw your scouring stick out of your musket as before 30 Your scouring stick being drawn forth of your barrell turne it and bring the scouring-stick end to your breast and so slip your hand within a handfull of the end 31 Beturne the scouringstick into its socket from whence you had it 32 Bring forward your musket with your left hand and beare it right up take it into the right hand at the breech and so hold it in your right hand onely either to showlder it or to lock yt to your rest and so much for your marching postures The standing postures of the Musket and how to make ready upon the rest in a squadron Company or division 1 BRing up your left hand with the forke of the rest to the musket and pick your rest upon the ground your left leg some-what bending as in this figure 2 Take the match betweene the thumbe and second finger as in the 16 figure marching 3 Turne a little with your head behind your pan and blow your match with a good blast 3 Holding your match betweene your thumbe and second finger cok it as in the eight figure marching 5 Your thumbe and fore finger being vpon the cock and your second and third finger under the eock pull your cocke to the pan and raisiug or depressing it looke that it fals right into the pan 6 Hold the two fingers of your right hand upon
your pan and the thumbe behind the scutchian 7 In presenting draw backe first your left leg to your right and withall stooping a little with your head to your pan being guarded blow off your coale 8 Lying on as in the 12 posture marching opening your pan fal backe with your right leg bring your right hand to the thumbe-hole of your musket presenting a faire body hold your musket hard and closse betweene your brest and your shoulder blade and pulling your tricker with your fore finger give fire 9 Having given fire bring up your right leg againe to your left as in the 7 figure and withall vn cock your match 10 Set forward your left leg againe to your first stand and returne your match betweene the two lesser fingers of your left hand and after that doe these postures following as in the figures marching viz Cleare your pan prime your pan and shut your pan as in the 17 18 and 19 posture marching 11 In taking up the rest hold your musket right up cast off your loose cornes and falling backe with your left leg somewhat stradling bring vp the pan even against your mouth 12 First blow off your loose dust or cornes with a stiffe blast and then cast about yout musket to your left side falling a little backe with your left leg. 13 Having forsaken your rest hold the musket fast in your left hand about the middle of the barrell so as the but end touch not the ground and bringing forward the muzile of your musket to charge your right hand being at liberty do these postures following namely Open your charge Charge with powder draw forth your scouring stick shorten charge with bullet put in stoping ramme home with draw your scovreing sticke shorten and returne as in the 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 and 30 figurs marching 14 Bring forward your musket with your left hand bearing it upright taking it into your right hand at the brich withall bring forward your left leg even with your right as in the 11 figure 15 Hold the musket bolt vpright in your right hand and having the rest in your left hand slip your right hād and your thumbe vpward to the forke as in the marching posture number foure Note by the way that from this poizing posture you may either joyn your rest to your musket es in the fift posture marching or rest your musket as in the first figure standing or else shoulder your musket as in the next figure following 16 Having your musket poized hold the rest a hand full under the forke then bring the musket before your body and your rest crosse over it behind your thumb-hole and so with both hands lay it gently on your shoulder having the rest a crosse your body drawing in your right leg to your left and then falling back againe with your right leg to your stand either stand or march away And thus much for the standing postures of the musket Briefe observations for a Muskettier VVHen a Muskettier is to be excercised in his squadron Company or devision all postures both marching and standing are readily done and reduced to these three words of command to wit Make ready Present Give Fire For first a good Muskettier which hath all his postures perfectly hearing his officer give the first terme of direction make ready will quickly run them over even from vnshouldring of his Musket to the guarding of his panne which is the sixth posture standing and the eleventh marching before he comes to present Secondly in presenting he wil be sure to blow his match well open his panne and fall backe with his right hand to the thumbe-hole of his musket having his fore-finger vpon the tricker setting forward his left legge will attend the next word of direction Thirdly lying on before he comes to give fire bending his left knee will fall back with his right legge bringing the butt end of his musker close betweene his brest and shoulder raising his musket fast and hard to his shoulder will keepe it fast from recoyling resting firme vpon his right legge will give fire Having given fire he takeeth up his musket and rest gracefully and bringing up his right legge againe falls away in his ranke returnes his match cleares his panne prims his panne doth quickly all his postures standing or marching as hath been taught and which shall bee showne more at large by figure when wee come to the excercising of muskettiers in grosse Practised in the warrs of the united Netherlandt NOw followes the true forme of exercising of a Foot Company of 40 pikes and 40 muskettiers besides officers represented by figure the words of Command and demonstration but before we come to the particular motions it is necessary for a yong souldier to know first what a File and a Ranke is Files number 1 The Leader of the right hand file 2 The leader of the left hand file 3 The middle file on the right hand 4 The middle file on the left hand 5 The second file next the right hand 6 The second file next the left hand 7 The third file from the right hand 8 The third file from the left hand The Demonstration Rankes Letter a The first Rank of Leaders b The last Rank of Bringers up c The Rāks of the Leaders of half files to the front d The Rank of the leaders of half files to the Reere e The second Rank next the front f The second Rank next the Reere g The fourth Rank from the front h The fourth Rank from the Reere i The third Rank from the front k The third Rank from the Reere THirdly to vnderstand well the three distances namely Open order order close order The Definition Open order then or the first distance is when the souldiers both in Ranke and File stand sixe foot removed one from an other as the scale and this figure following shewe Observations BEcause the measure of these distances cannot be taken so exactly by the eye we take the distance of sixe foote between File and File by commanding the souldiers as they stand to stretch foorth their armes and stand so remoued one from an other that their hands may meete And for the Rankes we make account we take the same distance of sixe foot when the butt end of the pikes doe almost reach their heeles that march before them THe second distance or your Order is when your men stand three foot remoued one from an other both in Ranke and File and this order is to be vsed when they are embattailled or march in the face of an Ennemy or when they come to stand or when you will wheele as this next figure represents Observations VVEe take the second order or distance betweene File and File by bidding the souldiers sett their armes a Kenbowe and put themselves so closse that their elbowes maye meete And wee reckon wee take the same distance betweene the Rankes when they come vp almust to the swords
point Note that when you march throw any countrie you most observe three foote onely from File to File and sixe from Ranke to Ranke The third distance or your close order is commanded by this word Close which is when there is one foote and a halfe from File to File and three from Ranke to Ranke as this Figure demonstrates OBserve that though this figure stands but at a foote and a halfe distance yet this is for the pikes onely and must never be used but when you will stand firme to receive the charge of an Ennemy The muskettiers must never be closer then the second distance of three foote in square because they are to have a free vse of their Armes THis figure represents the 40 pikes and 40 muskettiers standing in their order because the page will not beare the first foure motions in their open order Here begins the words of Command 1 Stand right in your Files 2 Stand right in your Rankes 3 Silence Here begins the first motion 5. To the right hand IT is to be noted when you are commanded to be As you were you are ever to turne to the contrary hand from whence you came As for example if you did turn to the right hand you are to return to the left hand and so in the rest As you were that is as you stand in your order in the figure aboue marked with the letter I. 9. To the right hand about 10. As you were 11. To the left hand about 12. As you were An Observation These turnings to the right or left hand or to either hand about serue for the given or receiving of a charge vpon the right or left Flank or in the Reere about As you were Because there is now roome enough this figure showes them standing in their open order of sixe foote distance one from an other both in rank and file from which standing they are to doe these motions following 13. Ranks to the right hand double The Demonstration The 2. 6 8 10 rancke from the front marked with the Letters b. d. f. h. k. moues all together and doubles into thier order on the right hand of the files numbred 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. making 5. rankes at thier double open order of 12. foot 16. men in each rancke as is seen in this figure aboue The Demonstration This motion differs not from the former but onely that the vtmost man of the second Ranke and subsequently al the other ranks which moued before comes now vp together to their order on the left hand of the files numbred 8. 7. 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. 17. Files to the right hand double The Demonstration The 2. file next the right hand moues fals back betweene the right hand fiile the 4th file betweene the 3. The 6. betweene the 5. the 8. or left hand file betweene the 7 fiile all to thier order making foure fiiles 20. men deepe and 12 foote distance betwixt file and file as in this figure The Demonstration The files which moued before stand now still and the 2. file next the left hand file fals back betweene the left hand file the 5 file betweene the 6 the 3 betweene the 4 and the 1 or right hand file betweene the 2 file makeing 20 men deepe and 12 foote distance betwixt file and file as before 19. Half files to the right hand double your front The Demonstration The leader of the halfe file on the right hand noted f steps to his order beyond the right hand file number 1. and also all the rest of the files stepping to their order on their right hand comes vp together betweene the files numbred 1. 2. 2. 3. 3. 4. 4. 5. 5. 6. 6. 7. 7. and 8. into the Rankes marked a. b. c. d. e. at their order of three foot distance in file and 6. in ranke as this figure aboue showes 20. Half files to the right hand double your front The Demonstration This motion differs not from the other but that the leader of the halfe-file on the left hand consequenitly al the rest of the files steps to their order on the left hand comes vp together betweene the files numbred 8. 7. 7. 6. 6. 5. 5. 4. 4. 3. 3. 2. 2. 1. into the rankes marked as before with the letters a. b. c. d. and e. The demonstration When you will Countermarch to the right hand the first Ranke of Leaders numbred 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. and 8. onely must advance one stepp forward with the right legg and then turne and all the other Rankes must march first up to the place from whence the first Ranke did countermarch before they turne where the Sariant stands marked with a starre This figure shewes that betweene the rankes a and d there are 8 rankes mett at their order and the Captaine countermarching to the Reere with the first Ranke of Leaders to the 6 ranke marked f. and the Lieutenant with the ranke of bringers up noted K. towards the front to the ranke noted e. which represents the Countermarch incompleate as is seene in this figure aboue This figure showes the Countermarch compleate when the Captaine or Officer is come with the first Ranke of Leaders to the place where the bringers up the Lieutenant stood and the Lieutenant with the bringers up to the Captaines place standing in their open order in ranke and file as this figure demonstrates Observe likewise if you will now Countermarch to the left hand the first ranke must stepp forwards one stepp with the left legge and then turne and all the other Rankes behinde must come up to that place before they turne where the Sariant with his Halbart stands as before 25. Rankes to the left hand countermarch Note that this figure as the first showes the Countermarch incompleate as before This figure showes that the Captaine is countermarcht up with the first ranke of leaders into that place where the front stood before and every ranke and file in their open order The like countermarch is performed either on the right or left flanke by giving first this word of command To the right or left hand omitting the naming either of Rankes or files in saying onely To the right or left hand countermarch which you lift Observations before yow wheele First Files to the right or left hand or to the middle Close to your Order To 3. foote betweene File and File If you would close your files to the right hand the outermost file on that hand stands still and the next on the right hand numbred 2 moues first to their order and then all the files ciphred 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. the left hand file closes in all to their order And if you would have them close to the left hand the outermost file also on that hand stands still and then the file next the left
hand numbred 7 moves first and afterward all the other files noted 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. or the right hand file close all to their order But if you desire to have your files close to the middle then the two middle most files numbred 4. 5. close first to their order of three foote and having their distance the other files numbred 2. 3. and 1. on the right hand and the files 8. 7. and 6. on the left hand closes both waies into their order Secondly Rankes to your Order Close that is To three foote betweene Ranke and Ranke Note that in this motion also the Rankes which stand in their open order on the other page marked with the Letters bc defghi and k moving all to gether in an even front comes up to their order or distance of three foote as this figure demonstrates where both files rankes stand in their order of 3 foote distance Observe that when you exercise a company single you double your front before you wheele in regard the body is smal but in a devision or a greater body you close both your rankes and files to your order as aboue omitting the doubling and then wheele but being a single company when you wheele to the right hand then double your front to the left hand for so the leader of the right hand file will keepe his place on that corner towards which you wheele This figure before you wheele shews your men to stand in their close order in file and their order in ranke as 〈◊〉 Againe when you wheele to the left hand double your front to the right hand and then the two leaderson the left hand doe but onely turne their bodies like the point of a Compasse to that hand whereto they wheele while the body comes about with a faster motion and an even front Note also that after you have wheeled to which hand you list and as often as you will you give in a single company this word of command Halfe files as you were that is as they stood in their order both in ranke and file before but in greater bodies where the doubling is omitted you first open your rankes by giving this terme of direction Rankes backward to your open order and then likewise your files by commanding Files open both waies to your open order of six footes as this figure both in ranke and file represents In opening of Rankes and Files you must make all the Files or Rankes saving the outermost on that hand from whence you meane to open which must stand to moue altogether till the second Ranke or File from that which standeth haue gotten its distance and consequently all the rest Having performed the former Motions you may afterward exercise your company of Pikes and Muskettiers together or if you pleafe each a part To beginne then with the Pikes you may commaund them to doe these motions standing to wit Advance your Pikes Order your Pikes Shoulder your Pikes Charge your Pikes Order your Pikes Traile your Pikes Checke your Pikes But these Motions are to be performed both standing and marching namely Charge your Pikes Shoulder your Pikes To the right hand Charge Shoulder your Pikes To the left hand Charge Shoulder your Pikes To the Reere Charge Shoulder your Pikes Stand Order your Pikes First note that in charging halfe the Rankes onely must charge their Pikes the other hindermost halfe of the Rankes doe but port their Pikes that is they cary them so couched over the Heads of the foremost as may giue them no offence either in charging or retyreing Besides this way the Pikes are not so subject to be broken by the shot of the Enemy as when they are advanced Secondly they must likewise obserue when they charge standing to fall back with the right legge and marching to steppe forwards with the left Standing Thirdly the exercising of your Muskettiers is likewise performed either or Marching That is either by Rankes or by Files after three manner of waies to wit first having an Enemy in your front Secondly in your Reere and thirdly vpon your right or left flanke as these figures following in exercising of 260 Pikes Muskettiers besides Officers will demonstrate whereof the first showes the manner of giving fire standing vpon an Enemy in your front by commanding these three termes or direction vnderneath This figure aboue shewes that the first and second rank of both the wings of Muskettiers having given fire are fallen away and are a doing their postures till they come in the vacant Rankes in the Reere noted i k while the third and fourth Rankes on both flankes make ready and advances up to the same ground where the first were even with the front of the Pikes Note also that the first Ranke falling backe with their right legges bending their left knee lies on and giues fire as hath bin taught and the first Ranke falling away the second Ranke in presenting having their pannes garded blowes their matches opens their pannes and steps forward with their left legs into the place of the first ranke lies on giues fire and fall away while the rest of the body of muskettiers mooues up to their place and so two rankes at a time making ready you may giue fire as often as you list You must observe likewise that the muskettiers in all these motions do turne to the right hand so to have a cingular care to carry the mouthes of their muskets aloft aswell when they are shouldred as in priming as also when they keepe their pannes garded and come vp to give fire Moreover if an Enemy should appeare on either your right or left flank and that you resolue to maintain your ground and would gaule him from either flank it is performed by giving first this word of command To the right or left hand which you please and then making an interval of 6 foot distance between the two middlemost leaders of the halfe files e for the halfe rank on the left hand marked a b c d and e do fall away between the files to the Reere before the pikes and the half rank on the right hand k i g h f on the right flank likewise you may giue fire from either or both flankes as you list Again if an Enemy should shew himself in your Reere the like is done by giving this term of derection To the right hand about and having given fire upon them fall away to the place where the front stood even in the same manner as you did before The manner of giving fire marching and advancing towards an Enemy is performed as this figure following represents In advancing towards an Enemy two Rankes must alwaies make ready together advance ten paces forwards before the bodies at which distance a Sarjant or when the body is great some other Officer must stand to whom the Musketteirs are to come up before present and giue fire First the first ranke and whilest the
first Ranke giues fire the second Ranke keeps their muskets close to their pannes guarded and assoone as the first are falne away the second presently presents giue fire and fall after them Now assoone as the two first rankes do moue from their places in the front the two rancks next it must unshoulder their muskets and make ready so as they may advance forward ten paces as before assoon as ever the first two rankes are fallen away and are to doe in all pointes as the fmorer So all the other rankes through the whole company or division must doe the same by two one after an other A way how to giue fire retreating from an enemy which is performed after this sort as this figure following shows As the troupe marcheth the hindermost rank of all keeping still with the troupe maketh ready and being ready the souldiers in that ranke turne altogether to the right hand and giue fire marching presently away a good round pace to the front their place themselves in a Ranke together iust before the front Assoone as the first Ranke turneth to giue fire the Ranke next makes ready and doth as the former and so all the rest Last of all the troupe or whole wing of Muskettiers makes ready altogether standing and the first Ranke without advancing giues fire in the place it standts in speedily as may be yet orderly falles away the Rankes doing the same successiuely one after another A manner how to giue fire either from the right or left hand flanke as these 6 files of 60 Muskettiers demonstrates To the right hand present giue fire Captaine to the left hand present giue fire The Demonstration The company or division marching the outermost file next the enemy are commanded to make ready keeping still along with the Bodie till such time as they be ready they turne all to the right or left hand according to the fight of their Enemy either upon their right or left flanke and giue fire all together when thy haue discharged they stirre not but keepe their ground and charge their peeces againe in the same place they stand Now assoone as the aforesaid file doth turne to give fire the outmost next it makes ready alwaies keepeing along with the troupe till the bringers vp be past a little beyond the Leader of that file that gave fire last and then the whole file must turne and giue fire an doe in all points as the first did and so all the rest one after another A Sarjant or if the troupe be great some better qualified Officer must stand at the head of the first file and assoone as the second file hath given fire and hath charged he is to lead forwards the first file vp to the second file and so to the rest one after an other till he hath gathered again the whole wing and then he is to ioyne them againe in equall front with the pikes A BRIEFE Index of the points postures and severall motions contained in this first part of the Principles of the Art Militarie THe first is the duties of a private Souldier a Gentleman of a Companie and of all the Officers belonging to a Companie of Infanterie or Foote pages 1. 1. 3. 2. The Armes belonging to a Pike-man a Muskettier represented by figure 4. 3. The directions and the Postures of a Pike-man pages 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 4. The directions postures of a Muskettier marching pages 10. 11. 12. 13. 5. The direction the Centinell postures standing pag. 14. 15. 6. Briefe observations for a Muskettier pag. 16. 7. The beginning of the exercising of a Companie of Foote consisting of 40. Pikes 40. Muskettiers and the definition what a File and a Ranke is with the Demonstration of the dignity of Files and Ranks pag. 17. 8. Of the three distances obserued in exercising of a Companie to wit Open-order Order Closse-order with the definition thereof observations there-vpon pag. 18. 19 9. Of conversions turnings with the words of Commaund pages 20. 20. 10. The standing in open order fit for the doubling of Ranks Files pag. 21. 11. The doubling of Rankes pages 21. 22. 23. 12. The doubling of Files pages 24. 25. 26. 27. 13. The doubling of the Front by half files pages 28. 29. 30. 31. 14. The Countermarchings either to the right or left hand pages 32. 33. 34. 35. 15. Observations before wheelings pag. 36. 16 The wheelings to the right or left hand or about pages 37. 38. 39. 17. The opening of Ranks and Files pag. 40. 18. The posture of the Pikes commaunded either marching or standing the several givings of fire pages 41. 42. 43. 44. For the Cavallrie 19. Secondly the duties of a private Horse a Gentleman the severall charges and Officers belonging to a troupe of Horse beginning with letter A. pages 1. 2. 3. 20. The Armes belonging to a Curassier a Harquebusier pag. 4. of the managing of his Horse and their Armes represented by figure pag. 5. 21. The directions postures of a Curassier a Harquebussier represented with their words of Commaund in two great plates pages 6. 7. 8. 22. The exercising of a Esquadron of Cavallrie according to his Highnesse the Prince of Orange by the way of figure the word of Commaund directions pag. 9. 10. 11 23. His Highnesse order for filing and marching of Horse pag. 12. Thirdly an Appendex of Marshall discipline enacted and statuated by the Lords the States Generall his Highnesse for the Militia of the Vnited Provinces beginning with letter A. B. C. D. THe Book-binder is to follow in this first part in binding it first the Tytle and Dedication sheete then letter A. B. C. D. E. E2 and the half sheete for turning pages 21. 21. because a half sheete comes in here E3 F. G. H. I. K. L. L2 and this half sheete which makes L3 and so ends this first part for the Printer according to the figures of the pages hath committed an errour in not figuring the pages right FINIS BRIEFE Instructions of the Duties of a Horseman and the severall Officers belonging to a Troupe of Horse practised in the service of the Lordes the States Generall of the united Provinces vnder the Commaund of his highnesse the Prince of Orange FIrst the Cavallrie or Horse are ordered into two Troupes namely either a Troupe of Curaissiers which are heavelie armed consisting of able and lustie men and the highest and strongest horses or a Companie of Harquebussiers or Carabines which are more lightly armed as shal be discribed in the States list following The Officers then of a Troupe of Horse and the dutie of a Horseman or a centinell through their severall degrees are these 1 A Horseman 2 A Good-Smith or Farrier 3 A Clark or Fourrier 4 Two Trumpetters 5 Three Corporals 6 A Quartermaster 7 A Cornet 8 A Lieutenant and 9 A Captaine
the head downeward 12. Holding the rammer head in his right hand as before he is to take the bullett out of his mouth or out of his bullett-bagg at the pistoll case with the thumb and fore finger putt it into the muzzle of the pistoll and the Rammer immediatly after it then rammes it home 13. He is to drawe forth his Rammer with the right hand turned and to returne it to its place 14 With the bridle-hand he is to bring the pistoll towards his right side and placing the butt end vpon his thigh pulls downe the Cock 15 He is to take the Pistoll into his right hand mounting the muzzle vpward 16. Having the Pistoll in his right-hand as in posture 15 with his forefinger vpon the tricker he is to incline the muzzle with a fixed eye towards his mark not suddenlie but by degrees quicker or slower according to the space he rideth and that not directly forward towards the horse head but towards the right turning his right hand so as the lock of the pistoll maye be vpward and having gotten his marke he is to draw the tricker and so give fire 17. He is to returne his pistoll into the Case and then drawes out his other pistoll as occasion maye serve and doeth as before and thus much for the postures of the fire lock pistoll Now concerming the Snap-hane pistoll or Snap-hane Carabine more vsual in England then in these Countries those postures wherein they differ from the fire-lock pistoll are these following which beginn with the 18 Figure 18. Holding the pistoll in the bridle-hand as before hath bin shewed in Figure 14. with the right-hand he is to bend the Cock 19. VVith the right hand he is to pull downe the back lock and to secure the cock from going of 20. With the right hand he is to draw downe the hammer vpon the pan 21. With the right thumbe he is to thrust back the back-lock and so to give the Cock libertie The 22. the 23. the 24. figures shew the marching postures of a Harquebussier or a Carabine The Postures for the Snap-hane Carabine vsed in England are some thing differing from the fire-lock pistols which Captaine Cruso hath sett downe in his 30 Chapter and Follio 43. are these 1. Order your Carabine 2. Sink your Carabine into your bridle hand 3. Bend your Cock 4. Guard your Cock 5. Prime 6. Shutt your pann 7. Cast about your Carabine 8. Take forth your Cartouch 9. Lade your Carabine 10. Draw your rammer 11. Shorten your Rammer 12. Lade your bullet ramm home 13. With draw your Rammer 14. Shorten your Rammer 15. Returne your Rammer 16. Recover your Carabine 17. Order your hammer 18. Free your Cock 19. Present 20. Give fire For the vse of his sword he is to demeane him self as the Cuirassier Observations for the makeing of Cartouches SEing that flasks are now growne out of use amonge our Horsemen for the gaining of time and the quicker giving of fire especially vpon a skirmish or in a battell it is needefull for to make Cartouches Now the Cartouch is to be made of white paper cutt out of a convenient breadth and length and rowled vpon a stick or the Rammer if it be not too litle fit according to the bore of the barrell to containe the due charge of powder and the bullett The proportion of powder vsually required is half the weight of the Bullett but being strong fine pistoll powder it is held too much in the opinion of some men Having moulded then the paper to fitt the Calibre or boore of your pistoll as is said the one end of it is to be turned in to keepe in the powder and the due charge of powder to be putt into it at the other end which powder is to be clossed in by tying a litle thred about the paper then the bullett is to be putt in and that also to be tyed in with a litle thred and when the Curassier or Harquebussier is to vse his Cartouch he must bite of the paper at the head of it at the powder and and so putt it into the barrell of his pistoll with the bullet vpward and then ramme it home for a readinesse vpon any peece of service Briefe observations touching the exercising of Cavallerie through their severall motions as it is commaunded amongst vs by the Prince of Orange and what a young Horseman ought to know before the exercising of his Esqadron or troupe begins FIrst as amonge the foot Companies so the Horse troupes are ranged into Files Ranks and their choisest men are made Leaders of files and bringers vp Secondlie Distance is also observed namely Closse Order and Open Order The Closse order is taken at three foot distance and the open order at six foote distance betweene rank and ranke and file file yea noe more then a Horse can wel turne about in the standing of sixe foote or open order in rank and file they are to doe their motions Thirdly it is necessarie that a Horsman vnderstand wel the severall motions vsed in the exercising of a troupe or Battaillon of Horse which are these three observed amongst vs 1. Facings 2. Countermarching 3. Wheelings 1. The vse of Facing either to the right or left hand or to the Reere is to make a Troupe or Battaillon of Horse perfect to be suddainly prepared for a charge on either Flank or in the Reere 2. Countermarches serve either to reduce the File-leaders into the place of the Bringers vp and so to have the best men readie to receive the charg of an Ennemie in the Reere or to bring one flank into the place of an other 3. Amonge the Horse Wheelings either to the right or left hand or to the Reere about is of excellent vse to bring the Front which consist of the ablest men to be readie to receiue a charge or to give a charge vpon an Ennemie on either Flank or in the Reere Note that doubling of Ranks doubling of files as also doubling of halfe files and halfe Ranks is ommitted amongst our Horse because according to his highnesse Commaund the files of the Horse are but fiue deepe in regard whereof there is alwaies an odd ranke The Demonstration of the figures on the other side answering to every Number of the words of Commaund videlizet 4 Showes the forme of a Squadron of Horse consisting of 30 men standing first in their close order at three foote distance one from another both in Rank and file 5 Showes that their rankes are opened backward to six foote distance or their open order in ranke and file 6 Showes that their files are also opened to six foote distance now stands in their open order both in rank and file Note that in opening of their files the two middlemost Files open first to their distance of 6 foote and the other files both to the right and left hand also till they are in their open order
7 Showes the clossing of their files to their closse order observing also that first the two middlemost files take their distance first of 3 foote and consequently the rest clossing both to the right and left hand 8 Showes that the rankes are also closed to their closse order and that both rankes files stand three foote distance one from another as Number 4 demonstrates Number 9 This motion is performed by turning and facing all to the right hand Number 10 This is done by bringing them againe to the first forme in turning all to the left hand Number 11 To face them to the Reere is done by turning all to the right hand till their faces front in that place which was before the Reere 12 Is to reduce them to their first forme by turning all to the right hand 13 This is performed by turning all at an instant to the left hand 14 This serves to reduce them to their first forme number 6 by turning to the right hand 15 Is to face them to the Reere by turning all to the left hand till their faces front in that place which was before the Reere 16 This is done by turning all to the right hand standing in their first forme as number 6 showes 17 Showes the Counter march from the right flank by turning all to the right hand 18 Is to bringe them againe to the right flanke by turning to the left flanke 19 Showes the Countermarch from the left flank by turning to the left hand 20 This reduces them againe to the left flank in turning all to the right hand and by giving the word of Commaund As ye were then they stand in the first forme as number 4 demonstrates before they come to wheeling 21 Showes the vse of wheeling eitheir to the right hand or the left hand is to bring the front which is supposed to consist of the ablest men to give or receive a charge eitheir vpon the right or left flank or in the Reere as hath bin said THE ORDRE Which his Highnesse the PRINCE OF ORANGE will have duely kept and observed by the Captaines of the troups of Horse vpon their March without any alteration therein vnlesse by expresse Commaund EVerie troupe shal be devided into three Corporallships in filing them they shall alwaies follow this order to wit that before everie Corporallship an Officer shall ride The Captaine of the troupe first the Cornet before the second a Corporall before the third and the Lieutenant in the Reere of the Troupe And if any of these Officers should be wanting as the Captaine of the Troupe the Lieutenant shall march in his place and if the Lieutenant be wanting a Corporall shall march in the place of the said Lieutenant And if they have any Bedets a principall Souldier shal be appointed over them to see that they keepe their closse order in marching The Quartermasters place is to march with the Lieutenant in the Reere 2. The Files shall never be made noe deeper then fiue horses how great or small so ever the troupe bee so that if the troupe consist of a hundred Horse everie Corporallship shall haue fiue or sixe horse in a rank and fiue in a file And the Officer shall be carefull when he is to draw out the files in a narrow waye which is long that there can passe but three Horses in a rank then they shall devide the Corporallship into two parts but if the waye will permit it then they shall not devide the Corporalship but march with fiue or sixe in a Ranke as abouesaid 3. The Officers shall commaund the Souldiers expresly that in marching they alwaies keepe the distance of three foot betweene file and file sixe foote betweene rank and rank and that they never ride noe faster then the pace vnlesse they becommaunded to the contrarie 4. There shal be noe more distance left betweene each Corporallship then is needefull for an Officer to march betwixt them 5. The Lieutenant and Quartermaster which brings vp the Reere of the Troupe shall take care that the Souldiers in the Reere shall begin to march assoone as those in the front moue and that they observe well their distance and see that they doe not straggle out of their ranks files 6. A Troupe of Horse standing in Battaille the Lieutenant and the Quartermaster shall haue their place in the Reere of the Troupe 7. In marching and filing of the Troups they shall follow one another so closse that there shall be noe more place left but as will serue iust for the Trumpetters Horses and the Captaines In the yeere 1635. his Highnesse ordered the Lords the States Horse consisting of eighte troups of Curassiers Harquebussiers into Regiments to wit foure troups of Curassiers into one division or Battaillon and foure Troupes of Harquebussiers into an other Battaillon both which made a Regiment over which a Colonell Commaunded Note also that comming to march over a Heath or a Compagnie As the foote so may the troups and Regiments of Horse be embattelled and ranged into three Brigades as the Avantguard the Battell and the Reere which is a goodle sight And thus much in briefe of the Officers of the Arming of the managing of the exercising and marching of our Cavallrie and Horse Practized in the Warres of the United Provinces vnder the charge and commaund of his Highnesse the PRINCE of ORANGE our Victorious Generall FINIS