the_o word_n be_v give_v this_o be_v the_o way_n to_o do_v it_o and_o i_o will_v name_v no_o more_o all_o this_o variety_n of_o way_n help_v such_o as_o will_v be_v exquisite_a in_o exercise_v i_o say_v will_v be_v not_o already_o i_o presume_v not_o to_o teach_v any_o that_o know_v more_o than_o myself_o nor_o such_o as_o know_v less_o than_o myself_o yet_o scorn_v to_o be_v teach_v but_o such_o as_o know_v little_a it_o may_v be_v nothing_o yet_o have_v a_o a_o desire_n to_o learn_v to_o such_o i_o that_o know_v some_o thing_n to_o other_o but_o little_a do_v impart_v that_o little_a which_o i_o have_v and_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n will_v teach_v they_o how_o to_o exercise_v a_o company_n as_o i_o myself_o have_v be_v teach_v in_o the_o artillery_n garden_n or_o elsewhere_o for_o i_o have_v attain_v nothing_o but_o by_o pain_n take_v much_o cost_n and_o read_v but_o first_o observe_v my_o method_n in_o exercise_v my_o method_n in_o exercise_v be_v not_o at_o this_o time_n to_o 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left_a hand_n to_o your_o order_n three_o foot_n to_o the_o 〈…〉_o a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a in_o fâ—le_n râ—nkes_n open_v backward_o to_o your_o double_a distance_n twelve_o foot_n rank_n file_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n rank_n as_o you_o be_v rank_n file_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n rank_n as_o you_o be_v rank_n file_v to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a hand_n close_o your_o rank_n to_o six_o foot_n open_v your_o file_n to_o six_o foot_n be_v reduce_v to_o your_o first_o distance_n order_n your_o pike_n lay_v down_o your_o pike_n take_v up_o your_o pike_n and_o order_n thus_o much_o for_o exercise_v and_o of_o the_o posture_n of_o the_o pike_n therein_o use_v the_o several_a posture_n of_o the_o musket_n follow_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n chap._n xxvii_o of_o the_o posture_n of_o the_o musket_n the_o posture_n of_o the_o musket_n be_v sundry_a and_o many_o some_o make_v 32._o some_o 40._o some_o 43._o some_o more_o some_o less_o all_o which_o be_v for_o military_a instruction_n in_o the_o time_n of_o trayning_n and_o to_o make_v the_o soldier_n most_o exquisite_a and_o perfect_a but_o in_o time_n of_o present_a service_n before_o the_o face_n of_o the_o enemy_n or_o in_o fight_n than_o all_o this_o great_a number_n of_o posture_n they_o reduce_v into_o three_o only_a and_o no_o more_o viz._n 1._o make_v ready_a 2._o present_a 3._o give_v fire_n all_o the_o other_o they_o witty_o and_o proper_o sort_n into_o four_o kind_n or_o order_n to_o be_v perform_v stand_v march_v charge_v and_o discharge_v as_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o captain_n pantons_n table_n all_o which_o must_v be_v observe_v thus_o much_o of_o they_o the_o posture_n or_o word_n of_o command_n which_o we_o must_v use_v in_o ordinary_a train_n or_o daily_o exercise_v of_o soldier_n agree_v to_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n form_n and_o by_o order_n from_o his_o majesty_n most_o honourable_a privy_a council_n be_v these_o march_v with_o your_o musket_n shoulder_v and_o the_o rest_n in_o your_o right_a 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because_o thâ—_n charge_v with_o the_o bullet_n be_v leave_v out_o which_o i_o hope_v will_v give_v oftence_n to_o none_o as_o for_o the_o gesture_n of_o the_o body_n hand_n and_o foot_n to_o grace_v the_o posture_n i_o refer_v you_o to_o the_o book_n express_v it_o by_o figure_n or_o to_o â—â—e_z artillery_n gaâ—den_n or_o military_a yâ—rd_n where_o it_o be_v do_v by_o some_o â—xâ—â—â—â—â—y_n buâ—_n never_o to_o be_v obtain_v without_o practice_n you_o may_v likewâ—â—â—â—egin_v wheâ—e_v you_o please_v for_o this_o form_n be_v not_o so_o strict_o ob_n erâ—â—â—_n 〈◊〉_d the_o artillery_n garden_n b_o caâ—â—â—ou_fw-mi have_v the_o posture_n of_o the_o pâ—ke_v implicit_a and_o not_o distiâ—â—â—_n but_o mix_v with_o other_o kind_n of_o motion_n different_a from_o thâ—m_n i_o will_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n show_v they_o several_a and_o conclude_v chap._n xxviii_o of_o the_o several_a posture_n of_o the_o pike_n the_o several_a posture_n of_o the_o pike_n say_v sargeant_n trussell_n be_v in_o number_n twelve_o three_o be_v to_o be_v do_v stand_v six_z marching_z use_v three_o charge_v the_o three_o which_o be_v to_o be_v do_v stand_v he_o express_v thus_o lay_v dâ—wâ—â—_n your_o piâ—â—_n tâ—kâ—_n up_o your_o pike_n â—â—der_o your_o pikâ—_n the_o siâ—_n which_o be_v to_o be_v do_v march_v he_o express_v thus_o aâ—â—ance_v your_o pike_n shoulder_v your_o pike_n level_n your_o pike_n slope_n your_o pike_n cheek_n your_o pike_n trail_v your_o pike_n the_o three_o which_o be_v to_o be_v do_v charge_v he_o express_v thus_o poâ—t_n charge_v over_o hand_n charge_v at_o the_o right_a foot_n for_o horse_n this_o be_v the_o brief_a epitome_n of_o the_o posture_n which_o that_o gentleman_n take_v from_o captain_n pantons_n table_n captain_n panton_n from_o the_o book_n publish_v by_o the_o most_o excellent_a prince_n the_o count_n maurice_n of_o nassau_n and_o i_o from_o both_o so_o i_o end_v my_o book_n let_v god_n have_v the_o glory_n amen_n exodus_fw-la 15_o 3._o the_o lord_z be_v a_o man_n of_o war_n his_o name_n be_v jehovah_n finis_fw-la
the_o same_o ground_n if_o we_o counter_a march_n by_o file_n it_o be_v to_o oppose_v the_o enemy_n appear_v in_o the_o rear_n with_o our_o best_a man_n if_o by_o rank_n it_o be_v to_o bring_v one_o wing_n into_o the_o place_n of_o the_o other_o or_o all_o our_o best_a man_n into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o battle_n if_o we_o countermarch_v by_o file_n or_o rank_n to_o change_v our_o ground_n we_o do_v it_o either_o by_o the_o macedonian_a the_o lacedaemonian_a oâ—_n the_o ground_n the_o the_o modern_a countermarch_v stand_v be_v thus_o perform_v the_o fyle-leader_n countermarch_a to_o the_o right_n the_o next_o rank_n stand_v till_o they_o be_v pass_v than_o they_o follow_v the_o like_a do_v all_o the_o rest_n transfer_v themselves_o to_o a_o new_a ground_n modern_a countermarch_v which_o be_v invent_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o to_o be_v perform_v stand_v if_o to_o maintain_v ground_n than_o we_o do_v it_o by_o the_o choraean_a countermarch_v which_o make_v the_o fileleader_n to_o take_v the_o ground_n of_o the_o bringer_n up_o and_o the_o bringer_n up_o the_o same_o ground_n in_o the_o which_o the_o fileleader_n stand_v the_o like_a in_o the_o wing_n these_o countermarche_n namely_o the_o macedonian_a the_o lacedaemonian_a and_o the_o choraean_a be_v describe_v by_o aelian_a thus_o the_o macedonian_a countermarch_v file_n countermarch_v aelian_a chap._n 20_o of_o the_o macedonian_a crunter-march_a by_o file_n by_o file_n be_v say_v to_o be_v when_o the_o fileleader_n turn_v about_o his_o face_n &_o all_o the_o rest_n with_o the_o bringer-up_a go_v against_o he_o on_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n and_o pass_v on_o to_o the_o ground_n before_o the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n place_n themselves_o in_o order_n one_o after_o another_o according_a as_o the_o fileleader_n himself_o have_v turn_v his_o face_n this_o countermarch_v you_o see_v transfer_v the_o whole_a file_n to_o another_o place_n equal_a to_o the_o first_o by_o take_v the_o ground_n that_o lie_v before_o the_o front_n in_o lieu_n of_o that_o it_o lose_v behind_o it_o likewise_o make_v show_n to_o the_o enemy_n appear_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o run_v away_o but_o it_o be_v of_o excellent_a use_n say_v that_o before_o thy_o battle_n lie_v a_o river_n file_n the_o use_n of_o the_o macedonian_a countermarch_v by_o file_n and_o between_o the_o river_n and_o thou_o a_o fair_a plot_n of_o ground_n high_a than_o that_o thou_o stand_v upon_o the_o enemy_n appear_v in_o the_o rear_n and_o compel_v thou_o to_o fight_v the_o only_a way_n to_o oppose_v he_o with_o the_o best_a man_n and_o to_o get_v this_o ground_n for_o thy_o advantage_n be_v this_o macedonian_a countermarch_v this_o countermarch_v be_v first_o invent_v by_o philip_n king_n of_o macedon_n father_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a the_o lacedaemonian_a countermarch_v by_o file_n be_v 28._o of_o the_o lacedaemonian_a countermarch_v by_o file_n describe_v by_o aelian_a chap._n 28._o when_o the_o bringer_n up_o turn_v his_o face_n about_o and_o all_o the_o rest_n turn_v also_o their_o face_n and_o proceed_v forward_o together_o with_o their_o fyle-leader_n order_n themselves_o proportionable_o in_o the_o ground_n which_o be_v behind_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o battle_n or_o else_o when_o the_o bringer-up_a turn_v his_o face_n about_o and_o he_o that_o stand_v next_o before_o he_o passi_v by_o on_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n be_v place_v again_o next_o before_o he_o and_o the_o rest_n follow_v be_v place_v one_o before_o another_o in_o their_o former_a order_n till_o the_o fyle-leader_n be_v first_o in_o this_o countermarch_v you_o see_v the_o proceed_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o former_a that_o take_v the_o ground_n before_o the_o phalange_n or_o battle_n this_o take_v the_o ground_n after_o in_o that_o the_o move_n be_v from_o the_o rear_n to_o the_o front_n in_o this_o from_o the_o front_n to_o the_o rear_n 28._o rear_n captain_n bingham_n in_o his_o note_n upon_o aelian_a chap._n 28._o aelian_a prefer_v the_o lacedaemonian_a countermarch_v before_o the_o macedoman_n because_o in_o it_o the_o soldier_n seem_v to_o fall_v on_o and_o charge_n wherein_o the_o macedonian_a they_o seem_v to_o fly_v there_o be_v notwithstanding_o time_n as_o captain_n bingham_n note_v when_o it_o be_v better_a to_o use_v the_o macedonian_a as_o when_o you_o seek_v to_o gain_v some_o ground_n of_o advantage_n or_o in_o case_n you_o mean_v to_o march_v on_o and_o not_o to_o fight_v with_o the_o enemy_n unless_o you_o be_v compel_v for_o the_o macedonian_a continue_v still_o the_o march_n and_o stay_v not_o the_o lacedaemonian_a return_v upon_o the_o enemy_n and_o so_o lose_v ground_n in_o march_v there_o be_v likewise_o time_n say_v i_o when_o it_o be_v more_o requisite_a to_o use_v this_o lacedaemonian_a countermarch_v than_o any_o other_o as_o in_o case_n you_o have_v pass_v the_o ground_n which_o the_o enemy_n follow_v seek_v to_o gain_v and_o to_o charge_v you_o sudden_o the_o only_a way_n to_o possess_v it_o again_o and_o to_o fight_v with_o he_o with_o your_o best_a man_n be_v thus_o to_o countermarch_v the_o macedonian_a here_n will_v do_v no_o good_a 28._o aeâ—ian_n chap._n 28._o the_o lacedaemonian_n have_v another_o countermarch_v which_o bear_v the_o name_n and_o that_o be_v this_o the_o fyle-leader_n begin_v the_o countermarch_v and_o every_o one_o in_o their_o file_n follow_v they_o orderly_o this_o be_v no_o other_o than_o our_o modern_a countermarch_v now_o in_o use_n the_o cretan_a the_o of_o the_o choraean_a countermarch_v by_o file_n otherwise_o call_v persian_a or_o cretan_a choraean_a countermarch_v by_o file_n be_v say_v to_o be_v when_o the_o fyle-leader_n turn_v about_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n precede_v the_o file_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n follow_v till_o the_o fyle-leader_n have_v the_o place_n of_o the_o bringer-up_a and_o the_o bringer-up_a the_o place_n of_o the_o fyle-leader_n this_o countermarch_v say_v aelian_a be_v call_v likewise_o persian_a &_o cretan_a persian_a and_o câ—etan_n say_v captain_n bingham_n because_o it_o be_v use_v among_o the_o persian_n and_o cretan_n 28._o captain_n bingham_n in_o his_o note_n upon_o aelian_a chap._n 28._o choraean_a also_o for_o the_o similitude_n it_o have_v with_o the_o solelmne_v grecian_a dance_n upon_o stage_n the_o company_n that_o show_v themselves_o in_o such_o dance_n be_v call_v chorus_n who_o in_o their_o dance_n order_v themselves_o into_o syle_n and_o rank_n as_o soldier_n do_v in_o battle_n and_o move_v themselves_o to_o the_o brink_n of_o the_o stage_n when_o be_v straighten_v by_o the_o place_n they_o can_v pass_v no_o further_o they_o retire_v one_o through_o the_o rank_n of_o the_o other_o exceed_v not_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o place_n as_o be_v do_v in_o this_o countermarch_v file_n the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o the_o choraean_a cuunter-march_a by_o file_n it_o may_v be_v command_v thus_o fyle-leader_n countermarch_v to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o bringers-up_a and_o stand_v and_o let_v your_o file_n follow_v you_o keep_v your_o distance_n or_o thus_o fyles_n countermarch_v and_o maintain_v ground_n the_o lacedaemonian_a may_v be_v command_v thus_o word_n thus_o the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o the_o lacedaemonian_a countermarch_v by_o file_n deliver_v in_o captain_n binghams_n own_o word_n bringers-up_a turn_v your_o face_n about_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o rest_n turn_v your_o face_n about_o and_o beginning_n at_o they_o that_o be_v next_o the_o bringers-up_a countermarch_v and_o place_n yourselves_o in_o your_o distance_n before_o the_o bringers-up_a and_o one_o before_o another_o till_o the_o fyle-leader_n be_v first_o or_o thus_o face_n all_o to_o the_o rear_n bringers-up_a stand_n the_o next_o rank_n pass_v through_o by_o their_o right_a hand_n and_o place_n yourselves_o before_o they_o keep_v your_o distance_n all_o the_o rest_n move_v with_o they_o place_v yourselves_o one_o before_o another_o till_o the_o fyle-leader_n be_v first_o when_o your_o man_n be_v perfect_v you_o need_v but_o say_v the_o lacedaemonian_a countermarch_v and_o it_o be_v enough_o this_o gain_v the_o ground_n lie_v after_o the_o rear_n as_o the_o macedonian_a the_o groundlying_a before_o the_o front_n now_o the_o macedonian_a may_v be_v thus_o command_v fileleader_n turn_v your_o face_n about_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n 28._o word_n of_o command_n for_o the_o macedonian_a countermarch_v by_o file_n aelian_a chap._n 28._o the_o rest_n of_o every_o file_n pass_v through_o in_o order_n one_o after_o another_o and_o place_n yourselves_o at_o your_o distance_n after_o your_o leader_n turn_v your_o face_n about_o and_o so_o stand_v look_v what_o these_o countermarche_n do_v by_o file_n the_o very_a same_o they_o do_v by_o rank_n for_o like_a advantage_n the_o macedonian_a countermarch_v by_o rank_n take_v the_o ground_n that_o lie_v on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o contrary_a wing_n begin_v to_o move_v at_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o wing_n
which_o be_v near_a the_o enemy_n seem_v therefore_o to_o he_o to_o run_v away_o because_o it_o dismarch_v from_o he_o as_o that_o of_o the_o file_n do_v before_o the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o it_o may_v be_v these_o the_o right_a hand_n corner_n file_n face_n to_o the_o left_a rank_n word_n of_o command_n for_o the_o macedonian_a countermarch_v by_o rank_n the_o rest_n of_o each_o file_n pass_v through_o to_o the_o left_a and_o place_n yourselves_o orderly_o behind_o your_o sideman_n keep_v your_o distance_n use_n the_o use_n this_o gain_v the_o ground_n lie_v on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o right_a wing_n far_a of_o from_o the_o enemy_n the_o enemy_n appear_v to_o the_o left_a wing_n bâ—â—his_n counter_n march_v you_o may_v set_v the_o strong_a part_n of_o your_o battle_n against_o the_o enemy_n and_o apply_v the_o weak_a unto_o some_o river_n lâ—ke_v hill_n or_o such_o like_a place_n so_o that_o the_o enemy_n can_v come_v to_o encompass_v it_o rank_n of_o the_o lacedaemonian_a countermarch_n by_o rank_n the_o lacedaemonian_a countermarch_v by_o rank_n take_v the_o ground_n that_o lie_v on_o the_o side_n of_o that_o wing_n which_o be_v towards_o the_o enemy_n and_o bring_v the_o best_a wing_n to_o be_v foremost_a against_o the_o enemy_n come_v still_o on_o upon_o he_o without_o any_o show_n of_o run_v away_o and_o by_o these_o word_n of_o command_n may_v be_v effect_v use_n word_n of_o command_n for_o the_o lacedaemonian_a countermarch_v by_o rank_n the_o use_n left_a hand_n corner_n file_n where_o the_o enemy_n appear_v turn_v your_o face_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n the_o rest_n of_o each_o rank_n turn_v your_o face_n and_o pass_v thorough_a to_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o place_n yourselves_o before_o your_o sideman_n keep_v your_o distance_n thus_o when_o our_o force_n be_v able_a to_o encounter_v the_o enemy_n and_o we_o desire_v to_o bring_v our_o best_a wing_n to_o fight_v then_o we_o proceed_v after_o this_o manner_n to_o oppose_v he_o rank_n of_o the_o choraean_a countermarch_v by_o rank_n the_o choraean_a countermarch_v by_o rank_n keep_v the_o same_o ground_n the_o battle_n have_v at_o first_o and_o bring_v one_o wing_n into_o the_o place_n of_o the_o other_o or_o else_o the_o section_n to_o possess_v the_o place_n of_o the_o wing_n thereby_o to_o strengthen_v the_o midst_n of_o the_o battle_n these_o two_o may_v be_v effect_v as_o the_o other_o by_o several_a word_n of_o command_n the_o first_o by_o this_o word_n of_o command_n rank_n word_n of_o command_n for_o the_o choraean_a countermarch_v by_o rank_n rank_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n countermarch_v and_o maintain_v ground_n the_o second_o by_o this_o word_n of_o command_n countermarch_v the_o wing_n into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o battle_n the_o way_n to_o do_v it_o be_v this_o first_o they_o be_v to_o face_n to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a hand_n by_o division_n then_o to_o countermarch_v into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o battle_n after_o they_o be_v to_o face_n to_o their_o commander_n and_o so_o the_o countermarch_v be_v effect_v use_n the_o use_n thus_o we_o strengthen_v the_o midst_n of_o our_o battle_n with_o our_o best_a man_n bring_v they_o to_o fight_v with_o the_o enemy_n which_o be_v the_o end_n of_o countermarch_v wherein_o notwithstanding_o there_o be_v a_o caution_n to_o be_v hold_v that_o if_o the_o enemy_n be_v very_o near_o that_o we_o can_v convenient_o countermarch_v before_o he_o come_v upon_o we_o we_o forbear_v lest_o we_o fall_v into_o disorder_n and_o in_o disorder_n be_v easy_o defeat_v in_o which_o case_n the_o best_a remedy_n be_v to_o turn_v face_n and_o so_o receive_v he_o as_o countermarche_n be_v not_o to_o be_v do_v unless_o the_o enemy_n be_v aloof_o off_o so_o neither_o can_v they_o well_o be_v do_v but_o at_o open_a order_n when_o then_o your_o file_n and_o rank_n be_v at_o six_o foot_n which_o be_v your_o first_o distance_n than_o you_o have_v sufficient_a room_n to_o countermarch_v any_o way_n but_o in_o countermarch_v observe_v this_o if_o the_o word_n be_v for_o the_o right_a hand_n then_o step_v forth_o with_o the_o right_a leg_n and_o bring_v the_o left_a leg_n over_o if_o to_o the_o left_a then_o step_v forth_o with_o the_o left_a leg_n and_o bring_v the_o right_n over_o but_o if_o the_o word_n be_v to_o the_o right_n and_o maintain_v ground_n then_o stand_v fast_o with_o the_o right_a leg_n and_o bring_v the_o leave_v over_o thus_o much_o of_o countermarch_v now_o of_o double_v chap._n xxiii_o of_o the_o use_n of_o double_v there_o be_v two_o kind_n of_o double_v the_o one_o of_o rank_n the_o other_o of_o fiâ—es_n the_o first_o do_v double_a the_o suidas_n the_o the_o length_n of_o the_o battle_n be_v the_o rank_n the_o depth_n be_v the_o file_n rank_n stretch_v forth_o in_o length_n file_n in_o depth_n say_v suidas_n length_n the_o second_o the_o depth_n of_o your_o battle_n the_o length_n of_o your_o battle_n may_v be_v double_v in_o place_n or_o number_n in_o place_n in_o double_v of_o the_o length_n of_o a_o battle_n in_o place_n place_n when_o every_o file_n do_v open_a from_o three_o foot_n to_o six_o foot_n which_o be_v your_o open_a order_n in_o file_n by_o this_o mean_v the_o front_n possess_v double_a ground_n to_o that_o it_o have_v before_o there_o be_v another_o way_n to_o double_a the_o front_n in_o place_n as_o you_o shall_v hear_v anon_o the_o length_n of_o your_o battle_n be_v number_n be_v double_v of_o the_o length_n of_o a_o battle_n in_o number_n double_v in_o number_n when_o of_o twenty_o in_o a_o rank_n it_o be_v make_v forty_o and_o of_o forty_o fourscore_o so_o that_o you_o have_v twice_o as_o many_o man_n in_o the_o front_n as_o you_o have_v before_o this_o double_n of_o the_o length_n of_o your_o battle_n by_o number_n may_v be_v do_v upon_o fit_a occasion_n either_o in_o open_a order_n or_o in_o order_n in_o open_a order_n by_o double_v of_o rank_n by_o middle_a man_n do_v the_o same_o by_o bringer_n up_o double_v the_o front_n either_o to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n at_o discretion_n in_o order_n by_o middle_a man_n double_v of_o the_o front_n either_o to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n entire_a or_o by_o devission_n to_o both_o which_o do_v likewise_o double_a the_o length_n of_o a_o battle_n not_o only_o in_o number_n but_o in_o place_n also_o as_o captain_n bingham_n do_v observe_v in_o his_o note_n upon_o aelian_a chap._n 29._o 29._o chap._n 29._o two_o cause_n be_v assign_v for_o the_o double_n of_o the_o length_n of_o your_o battle_n both_o in_o number_n and_o place_n the_o one_o to_o overw_v the_o enemy_n the_o other_o to_o avoid_v overw_v two_o way_n you_o may_v avoid_v overw_v one_o be_v by_o make_v choice_n of_o such_o a_o ground_n as_o may_v give_v you_o this_o advantage_n of_o the_o enemy_n that_o he_o can_v never_o compass_v you_o in_o behind_o 478_o pâ—â—tarâ—â—_n in_o the_o life_n of_o aâ—esâ—laus_n and_o s_o lla_o pag._n 630._o &_o 478_o nor_o flank_n you_o on_o the_o side_n now_o if_o you_o can_v find_v such_o a_o ground_n use_v art_n cast_v a_o trench_n upon_o each_o flank_n or_o wagon_n on_o either_o wing_n as_o syila_n and_o huniades_n do_v fear_v to_o be_v encompass_v by_o the_o multitude_n of_o their_o enemy_n the_o second_o way_n to_o avoid_v overw_v be_v by_o place_v of_o aide_n in_o the_o rear_n of_o your_o battle_n or_o by_o lay_v they_o in_o ambush_n aloof_o off_o that_o so_o upon_o a_o word_n give_v they_o may_v sudden_o start_v out_o upon_o the_o enemy_n as_o caesar_n make_v his_o to_o do_v at_o the_o battle_n of_o pharsalia_n where_o he_o put_v pompey_n the_o great_a to_o flight_n these_o aide_n must_v be_v of_o the_o most_o chief_a soldier_n you_o have_v with_o officer_n appoint_v for_o their_o conduct_n as_o be_v use_v by_o the_o ancient_a roman_n before_o and_o in_o vegetius_n time_n 17._o vegetius_n lib._n 3._o cap._n 17._o who_o do_v always_o res_fw-la rue_n many_o of_o these_o aide_n when_o their_o number_n be_v inferior_a to_o their_o enemy_n their_o battle_n less_o pitch_v and_o they_o in_o danger_n to_o be_v overwinge_v but_o when_o they_o have_v plenty_n of_o fight_a man_n they_o by_o double_v will_v make_v their_o battle_n equal_a in_o length_n and_o depth_n to_o their_o enemy_n so_o that_o they_o can_v not_o break_v through_o or_o overwinge_v they_o thus_o much_o to_o aâ—oid_v overw_v and_o for_o the_o double_n of_o the_o length_n of_o a_o battle_n in_o plâ—ce_n and_o number_n place_n double_v the_o depth_n of_o a_o battle_n in_o place_n the_o depth_n of_o your_o battle_n be_v double_v in_o place_n when_o every_o rank_n from_o the_o sword_n point_n open_v to_o three_o foot_n from_o three_o foot_n to_o six_o foot_n from_o six_o foot_n to_o twelve_o foot_n which_o be_v
and_o a_o foot_n a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a from_o the_o sword_n point_n which_o be_v three_o foot_n in_o rank_n and_o this_o be_v to_o endure_v the_o brunt_n of_o a_o charge_n the_o first_o be_v use_v in_o ancient_a time_n for_o march_n solemn_a pomp_n and_o show_n the_o second_o for_o their_o fight_n only_o before_o they_o do_v join_v 11._o note_a â—y_a capt._n bâ—ngham_n 〈◊〉_d aelian_a ch_n 11._o the_o three_o be_v the_o sinaspisme_n of_o the_o macedonian_n so_o call_v because_o therein_o they_o join_v target_n to_o target_n which_o they_o never_o use_v but_o when_o either_o they_o give_v upon_o or_o receive_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o target_n so_o knit_v together_o serve_v for_o a_o wall_n as_o it_o be_v to_o the_o whole_a phalange_n and_o by_o they_o the_o soldier_n be_v defend_v from_o the_o missive_a weapon_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o his_o body_n cover_v even_o from_o the_o pierce_a of_o the_o sword_n this_o be_v former_o use_v by_o the_o ancient_a hero_n at_o troy_n and_o revive_v again_o to_o new_a life_n by_o philip_n king_n of_o macedon_n who_o first_o constitute_v the_o macedonian_a phalange_n and_o invent_v the_o distance_n of_o open_v and_o shut_v the_o same_o from_o his_o discipline_n as_o the_o learned_a captain_n bingham_n observe_v spring_v these_o distance_n in_o aelian_a 11._o aelian_a chap._n 11._o of_o which_o i_o have_v speak_v and_o thus_o i_o have_v brief_o declare_v the_o use_n of_o those_o distance_n which_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o battle_n the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o they_o may_v be_v these_o viz._n eile_n and_o rank_n open_a to_o six_o foot_n now_o they_o be_v at_o open_a order_n rank_n and_o file_n close_o to_o three_o foot_n now_o they_o be_v at_o order_n file_n close_o to_o a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a now_o they_o be_v at_o close_a order_n rank_n and_o flle_n to_o your_o open_a order_n that_o be_v six_o foot_n every_o way_n thus_o if_o your_o battle_n be_v disjoin_v by_o too_o large_a distance_n you_o may_v reduce_v it_o to_o good_a order_n by_o close_v if_o it_o be_v throng_v up_o or_o pester_v too_o close_o together_o you_o may_v amend_v all_o by_o convenient_a open_n too_o much_o throng_v bind_v the_o soldier_n hand_n and_o take_v away_o the_o use_n of_o their_o weapon_n and_o too_o far_o stand_v asunder_o break_v the_o battle_n and_o make_v a_o passage_n for_o the_o enemy_n whereby_o he_o may_v enter_v therefore_o these_o three_o sort_n of_o distance_n to_o wit_n open_a order_n order_n and_o close_a order_n have_v be_v invent_v as_o the_o only_a mean_n between_o both_o to_o amend_v all_o and_o to_o fit_v our_o turn_n as_o we_o see_v occasion_n thus_o much_o for_o distance_n of_o their_o use_n and_o the_o word_n of_o command_n give_v for_o they_o the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o double_v of_o the_o length_n and_o depth_n of_o a_o battle_n next_o follow_v chap._n xxv_o this_o chapter_n show_v what_o the_o word_n of_o command_n be_v by_o which_o the_o length_n and_o depth_n of_o 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must_v close_v the_o one_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n the_o other_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n till_o they_o be_v in_o the_o distance_n command_v then_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o company_n must_v take_v their_o distance_n from_o they_o on_o either_o flank_n close_v to_o the_o middle_a leader_n hand_n file_n close_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n if_o the_o word_n be_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o right_a hand_n file_n move_v not_o but_o stand_v fast_o all_o the_o rest_n close_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n take_v their_o distance_n one_o by_o another_o from_o the_o right_a hand_n hand_n file_n close_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n if_o the_o word_n be_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n observe_v like_o form_n then_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n stand_v fast_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o file_n close_o and_o take_v their_o distance_n from_o the_o left_a hand_n thus_o much_o of_o the_o word_n of_o command_n by_o which_o the_o battle_n be_v lessen_v or_o double_v in_o place_n place_n the_o word_n of_o 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have_v twice_o as_o many_o file_n or_o person_n in_o it_o as_o it_o have_v before_o than_o you_o may_v effect_v it_o by_o this_o word_n of_o command_n rank_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n double_a or_o thus_o rank_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n double_a it_o be_v thus_o perform_v every_o second_o rank_n come_v between_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o rank_n before_o it_o and_o that_o either_o to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n double_a rank_n to_o the_o rigâ—â—_n hand_n double_a as_o the_o word_n be_v give_v so_o that_o of_o ten_o in_o rank_n they_o become_v twenty_o in_o rank_n and_o but_o five_o in_o depth_n who_o before_o be_v ten_o in_o depth_n because_o the_o front_n be_v double_v
ought_v to_o know_v by_o the_o drum_n 1._o a_o call_n 2._o a_o march_n 3._o a_o troop_n 4._o a_o charge_n 5._o a_o retreat_n 6._o a_o battalion_n 7._o a_o battery_n 8._o a_o relief_n for_o when_o the_o commander_n voice_n can_v extend_v to_o the_o hear_n of_o the_o company_n the_o drum_n denounce_v &_o express_v the_o same_o the_o next_o chapter_n show_v what_o the_o distance_n of_o file_n and_o rank_n be_v which_o soldier_n must_v know_v chap._n xiii_o what_o the_o distance_n in_o file_n and_o rank_n be_v which_o soldier_n must_v know_v there_o be_v five_o sort_n of_o distance_n in_o file_n say_v somme_fw-fr and_o they_o be_v these_o that_o follow_v fiâ—es_n distance_n in_o fiâ—es_n the_o first_o be_v close_a the_o second_o be_v close_o the_o three_o be_v order_n the_o forth_o be_v open_a order_n the_o five_o double_a distance_n which_o be_v pouldron_n to_o pouldron_n a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a three_o foot_n six_o foot_n twelve_o foot_n there_o be_v five_o sort_n of_o distance_n in_o rank_n say_v they_o rank_n distance_n in_o rank_n the_o first_o be_v close_a the_o second_o be_v close_o the_o three_o be_v order_n the_o four_o be_v open_a order_n the_o five_o double_a distance_n which_o be_v to_o the_o sword_n point_n three_o foot_n six_o foot_n twelve_o foot_n four_o &_o twenty_o foot_n although_o they_o be_v thus_o set_v down_o to_o be_v five_o in_o number_n yet_o most_o commander_n observe_v and_o teach_v as_o most_o proper_a only_o three_o viz._n close_o order_n and_o open_v order_n antiquity_n have_v no_o more_o yet_o the_o rest_n must_v not_o be_v casher_v or_o slight_v for_o some_o time_n a_o commander_n must_v do_v that_o in_o a_o double_a distance_n which_o can_v be_v do_v in_o a_o single_a therefore_o soldier_n be_v bind_v to_o know_v all_o distance_n in_o file_n and_o rank_n that_o they_o may_v the_o better_o execute_v what_o their_o captain_n command_v the_o next_o chapter_n show_v how_o a_o file_n and_o a_o rank_n be_v distinguish_v for_o a_o soldier_n to_o know_v chap._n xiiii_o how_o a_o file_n and_o a_o rank_n be_v distinguish_v for_o a_o soldier_n to_o know_v a_o file_n be_v a_o number_n of_o man_n begin_v at_o one_o leader_n and_o contynue_v in_o order_n of_o follower_n to_o the_o last_o man_n fiâ—e_n a_o distinction_n of_o a_o fiâ—e_n aelian_a chap._n 4._o or_o thus_o a_o file_n be_v a_o sequence_n of_o man_n stand_v one_o behind_o another_o back_n to_o belly_n and_o consist_v common_o of_o ten_o or_o eight_o in_o depth_n suidas_n suidas_n the_o depth_n be_v no_o other_o than_o a_o file_n for_o rank_n stretch_v forth_o in_o length_n file_n in_o depth_n a_o rank_n be_v a_o number_n of_o man_n side_n to_o side_n in_o a_o right_a line_n stretch_v out_o in_o length_n from_o one_o end_n of_o the_o body_n unto_o the_o other_o and_o be_v term_v the_o length_n because_o it_o run_v along_o the_o front_n unto_o each_o wing_n aelian_a chap._n 7._o rank_n a_o distinction_n of_o a_o rank_n or_o thus_o a_o rank_n be_v a_o row_n of_o man_n stand_v one_o by_o another_o pouldron_n to_o pouldron_n or_o shoulder_n to_o shoulder_n their_o face_n be_v direct_v all_o one_o way_n this_o distinction_n of_o file_n and_o rank_n a_o soldier_n must_v know_v that_o when_o he_o be_v bid_v to_o double_a file_n he_o may_v not_o rank_n and_o when_o he_o be_v bid_v to_o double_a rank_n he_o may_v not_o file_n the_o next_o chapter_n show_v what_o the_o fight_n be_v which_o soldier_n must_v be_v expertin_n chap._n xv._o what_o fight_v they_o be_v which_o soldier_n must_v be_v expert_a in_o the_o fight_v necessary_a for_o all_o soldier_n to_o be_v expert_a in_o be_v six_o first_o to_o fight_v advance_v upon_o a_o enemy_n this_o be_v when_o the_o enemy_n appear_v in_o the_o vanguard_n enemy_n to_o fight_v advance_v upon_o a_o enemy_n and_o they_o by_o two_o rank_n a_o piece_n march_v from_o the_o body_n ten_o pace_n and_o give_v fire_n at_o the_o place_n appoint_v or_o when_o the_o first_o rank_n give_v fire_n march_v still_o on_o with_o the_o body_n and_o the_o next_o rank_n pass_v through_o by_o their_o right_a hand_n give_v fire_n stand_v still_o before_o they_o and_o so_o still_o successive_o all_o the_o rest_n in_o order_n this_o be_v like_o the_o lacedaemonian_a countermarch_v to_o gain_n ground_n second_o to_o fight_v retire_v from_o a_o enemy_n this_o be_v when_o the_o last_o rank_n face_n about_o to_o the_o right_n give_v fire_n enemy_n to_o fight_v upon_o a_o march_n retire_v from_o a_o enemy_n march_v up_o to_o the_o front_n and_o place_n themselves_o before_o their_o file_n leader_n but_o if_o you_o will_v maintain_v a_o set_a fight_n with_o the_o enemy_n to_o gain_v a_o better_a ground_n than_o it_o be_v requisite_a you_o teach_v they_o the_o macedonian_a countermarch_v make_v your_o file_n leader_n to_o face_n about_o and_o stand_v the_o rest_n to_o pass_v through_o by_o the_o right_a hand_n place_v themselves_o behind_o their_o leader_n and_o so_o meet_v your_o enemy_n in_o the_o rear_n with_o your_o best_a man_n three_o to_o fight_v front_n and_o rear_n with_o the_o enemy_n this_o be_v when_o the_o middle_a man_n face_n about_o to_o the_o right_n enemy_n to_o sight_n front_n &_o rear_n with_o a_o enemy_n and_o all_o the_o musketeer_n fall_v in_o the_o division_n between_o both_o four_o to_o fight_v with_o both_o flank_n against_o a_o enemy_n stand_v this_o be_v when_o the_o outward_a file_n of_o each_o flank_n be_v command_v to_o face_n have_v give_v fire_n enemy_n to_o fight_v stand_v both_o plank_n against_o a_o enemy_n each_o file_n devide_v itself_o into_o two_o part_n one_o half_a march_n up_o to_o the_o front_n and_o place_n itself_o in_o a_o right_a line_n before_o the_o first_o file_n of_o pike_n the_o other_o half_a march_n to_o the_o rear_n and_o place_n itself_o in_o a_o right_a line_n behind_o the_o bringer_n up_o of_o the_o same_o file_n of_o pike_n the_o like_a do_v all_o the_o rest_n on_o the_o contrary_a flank_n exercise_n captain_n bingham_n his_o exercise_n so_o continue_v half_o the_o shot_n will_v be_v in_o the_o front_n the_o other_o half_o in_o the_o rear_n then_o do_v but_o face_v they_o to_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v by_o division_n and_o each_o flank_n will_v be_v a_o battle_n for_o the_o enemy_n five_o to_o give_v fire_n by_o flank_n upon_o the_o enemy_n march_v this_o be_v when_o both_o their_o outward_a file_n next_o to_o the_o enemy_n make_v ready_a enâ—mie_n to_o fight_v march_v both_o flank_n against_o a_o enâ—mie_n face_n to_o either_o hand_n give_v fire_n at_o command_n stay_v till_o the_o rest_n of_o all_o the_o file_n be_v clear_a of_o they_o then_o march_v up_o by_o the_o pike_n till_o all_o the_o rest_n do_v the_o like_a bring_v they_o again_o to_o their_o first_o place_n or_o when_o they_o give_v fire_n and_o stand_v and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v in_o two_o file_n the_o body_n of_o pick_v march_v a_o officer_n come_v and_o gather_v up_o the_o wing_n &_o join_v they_o again_o in_o equal_a front_n with_o the_o pike_n enemy_n to_o fight_v against_o horse_n in_o a_o set_a battle_n for_o the_o purpose_n against_o a_o enemy_n six_o to_o fight_v against_o horse_n in_o a_o set_a battle_n for_o that_o purpose_n this_o be_v when_o they_o countermarch_n their_o wing_n into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o battle_n and_o be_v empale_v round_o with_o pike_n and_o so_o draw_v forth_o on_o either_o side_n under_o the_o shelter_n of_o they_o in_o these_o six_o fight_n your_o soldier_n must_v be_v very_o expert_a that_o they_o may_v avoid_v all_o confusion_n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v suffice_v for_o the_o twelve_o chapter_n before_o mention_v ☞_o ☞_o the_o next_o two_o chapter_n declare_v what_o quality_n they_o be_v which_o befit_v marshal_n man_n and_o how_o requisite_a it_o be_v for_o they_o to_o be_v wise_a and_o politic_a to_o preserve_v the_o life_n of_o their_o man_n and_o how_o politic_a wisdom_n may_v be_v attain_a with_o a_o brief_a summarie_n thereof_o chap._n xvi_o what_o quality_n they_o be_v which_o befitt_a marshal_n men._n the_o quality_n which_o befit_v marshal_n man_n be_v many_o but_o i_o will_v at_o this_o time_n treat_v but_o of_o eight_o and_o they_o be_v these_o viz._n silence_n obedience_n secrecy_n sobriety_n valour_n loyalty_n freedom_n from_o bribe_n moderation_n in_o expense_n i_o begin_v with_o the_o first_o silence_n silence_n silence_n silence_n be_v of_o such_o veneration_n among_o the_o egyptian_n that_o they_o make_v thereof_o a_o god_n which_o with_o they_o be_v call_v harpocrates_n and_o according_a to_o the_o greek_n sigaleon_n he_o they_o portrature_v in_o the_o likeness_n of_o a_o young_a child_n 5._o august_n de_fw-fr civet_n dei_fw-la li._n 18._o cap._n 5._o who_o close_o to_o his_o lip_n
it_o on_o the_o other_o side_n with_o his_o wagon_n 12._o when_o they_o can_v prevail_v against_o the_o enemy_n by_o strength_n then_o let_v they_o minister_v and_o breed_v cause_n of_o discord_n among_o their_o soldier_n for_o no_o army_n though_o it_o be_v very_o little_a can_v quick_o be_v destroy_v of_o the_o enemy_n except_o it_o be_v consume_v with_o private_a dissension_n and_o hatred_n within_o itself_o this_o be_v practise_v to_o this_o day_n and_o be_v tolerate_v by_o our_o chief_n of_o war_n who_o prefer_v policy_n before_o strength_n therefore_o let_v it_o be_v follow_v the_o old_a spartan_a that_o have_v conquer_v by_o policy_n offer_v a_o ox_n but_o he_o that_o prevail_v by_o force_n offer_v only_o a_o cock_n because_o the_o great_a sacrifice_n of_o thankfulness_n be_v due_a to_o the_o god_n from_o he_o for_o the_o one_o and_o the_o great_a praise_n and_o reward_n be_v due_a unto_o he_o from_o the_o state_n for_o the_o other_o but_o this_o be_v the_o great_a glory_n of_o 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