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A10887 The byrth of mankynde, newly translated out of Laten into Englysshe. In the which is entreated of all suche thynges the which chaunce to women in theyr labor, and all suche infyrmitees whiche happen vnto the infantes after they be delyuered. And also at the latter ende or in the thyrde or last boke is entreated of the conception of mankynde, and howe manye wayes it may be letted or furtheryd, with diuers other fruytefull thynges, as doth appere in the table before the booke; Swangern Frawen und hebammen Rosegarten. English Roeslin, Eucharius, d. 1526.; Jonas, Richard. 1540 (1540) STC 21153; ESTC S116014 64,564 160

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to drynke / for this drynke wyl engendre lubrycyte and slypperynesse in the nether partes / and vse also some of those thynges whiche haue vertue to prouoke the byrth / wherof we entreated before ¶ Item certayn pessaries or suppositaries concernynge the same take gumme armoniacke / oppoponacum / helleborus niger / staphisagre / aristolochia longa / colocynthis without his kernelles beate all these thynges to gether / temperyng them with oxe gall and also with the iuyce of fresshe rue / then make a pessarie of wollen / and annoynt and wet the pessarie with the same / conueynge it into the secreate places ¶ Item another make a pessarie of wollē of the lengthe thyckenesse of a fynger / and do it in the iuyce of rue in the which is dissolued a quantitie of scammome / and do with that pessarie / as before ¶ Item take aristolochia rotunda / sauyne / garde cresses / of eche lyke muche / beate them to powder / and temper them with oxe gall with this annoynt a pessarie made and ordered as before is spoken of Item yf the woman drynke the mylke of another woman / it wyll steare and expell the byrth ¶ Item take of the iuyce of dyttayne or of the powder of the roote of the same herbe .ij. dram̄s / and geue the same to drynke to the woman with wyne / excepte she be in greate heate / for then shall ye geue it her with luke warme water / and this shall expell the dead byrth without any parell of the mother ¶ Item take of myrrhe .iiij. drammes / of cinamome / galbanum / castoriū / of eche two drammes of oppoponacum one dram̄ all those beaten / and tempered to gether with oxe gall / make pylles of them / wayenge eche of them a dram̄ / and with the fume of those perfume the nether partes / by this vapoure the deade byrthe is broughte forthe / inflamation and suffocation of bloude is expelled ¶ Item take of water mynte / sothernwood / muggewort / of eche a handefull / of asphaltum halfe an ounce / of madder two ounces and an halfe / of camomell / barotum / fenegreke / of eche two ounces sethe all these thynges to gether in rayne water in the whyche lette the woman bathe her selfe / then take of hensgrece and duckes grece / of eche .iiij. dram̄s to the which adde two ounces of oyle of anues sede / with this oyntmēt annoynt the womās head comminge out of the bath then take datestones beate them to powder a dram̄ and a halfe / with a scruple of safrane tempered to gether with whyt wyne the which let her immediatlye drynke after she come forthe of the bathe ¶ Item take oppoponacum / make there of a pessarye the quantitie of a fynger / conueye it into the priuities / this expelieth the dead byrth ¶ Item take of galbanum a dram̄ or some what lesse of gotes mylke an ounce and a halfe or two ounces in the which the galbanum beynge dissolued / geue it to the woman to drynke ¶ Item a plaster for the same take galbanum beaten and tempered with the iuyce of motherworte / and of this make a plaster by puttyng to of wexe a certayne quātite / than take a lynnen cloth of suche length bredth that it maye couer all the belly vnder the nauel to the priuities frō one syde to the other / on this cloth spred this plaster of the thyckenesse of a strawe / and laye it to the bellye Item take the tryacle which is called diatessaron and geue of it to the woman for to drynke / and it wyll expell this dead byrth ¶ But yf all these medicines profette not / then muste be vsed more seuere and harde remedyes / with instrumentes / as hokes / tonges / and suche other thynges made for the nonce And fyrst the woman must be layde a longe vpryght / the myddell parte of her bodye lyeng hyer then all the reste / companyed of women assistynge her aboute to comforte her / and to keape her downe / that when the byrthe is plucked oute she ryse not withall Then let the mydwyfe annoynt her left hād with the oyle of whyte lyllyes or other that may make it sople and smouth and holding out her fyngers shytting to gether her hand let her put it to the matrice to feale and perceaue after what fasshion the dead byrth lyeth in the mothers wombe so that she maye the better putte in hokes and suche other instrumentes to plucke it out with all ¶ Yf it be so that it lye the head forewarde / then fasten a hoke other vpō one of the eyes of it / or the rofe of the mouthe / or vnder the chyn / on one of the sholders / whiche of these partes shall seme moste commodious and handsome to take it oute bye / and the hoke fastened to drawe it oute verye tenderlye for hurtynge of the woman ¶ But yf it lye the fete forewarde / then fasten the hoke on the bone aboue the priuye partes / or by some ribbe / or some of the backe bones / or of the breste bones / and when this hoke is thus fastened / the midwyfe may not by and by drawe and plucke at it / but holdynge it in her lefte hande / lette her with her ryghte hande fasten another in some other parte of the byrthe ryght agaynste the fyrste / and then tenderlye let her drawe both to gether / so that the byrth may procede and come forthe on bothe sydes equallye / mouynge it from one syde to another / tyll ye haue gottē out alto gether / and nowe and then to helpe it in the comming forth with the fore fynger well annoynted / if it chanse to stycke or to be let any where and as it commeth forthe / alwaye to remoue the hokes farther and farther on the dead byrthe ¶ Agayne yf it chanse that one of the handes onely of the byrth do appeare / that it can not conuenientlye be reduced returned vpwarde agayne / by reason of the narownesse of the place / then byndt it with a lynnē cloth / that it slyp not vp agayne / and then to plucke it outwarde / vntyll suche tyme that the hole arme be out and then with a sharpe knyfe cut it of from the body / and euen so do yf both handes appeare fyrste at once / or one legge or bothe / yf they can not be returned backe / to be otherwyse taken out conuenient lye / as ye cutte the arme frome the sholders / soo lykewyse cuttinge the legges frome the thyghes / for the which purpose the surgeōs haue me●e instrumentes made for the nonce with the which such legges and armes may sone be cut frome the bodye / these partes beynge once rese●te and cutte frome the bodye / then turne the teste / so that it maye easylye procede with as lyttell payne to the mother / as maye be ¶
dyssolued / and that the humours yssue forthe in great plente / then shall it be mete for her to syt downe lenynge backewarde in maner vpryght For the which purpose in some regiōs as in France and Germanye the mydwyfes haue stooles for the purpose / whiche beynge but lowe and not hye frome the grounde / is made soo compase wyse and caue or holowe in the myddes / that that maye be receaued from vndernethe whiche is loked for and the backe of the stoole lenyng backewarde / receauethe the backe of the woman / the fashion of the which stole is set in the begynninge of the byrth sygures hereafter ¶ And when the tyme of labor is come / in the same stole ought to be put manye clothes or clowtes in the backe of it / the whiche the midwife may remoue frō one syde to another accordyng as necessite shal require The mydwyfe herselfe shall syt before the laboryng woman / and shall diligently obserut and wayte howe muche after what maner the chylde stearethe it selfe also shall with her handes fyrste annoynted with the oyle of almondes or the oyle of whyte lylies rule directe euery thynge / as shall seme best Also the mydwyfe muste enstructe and comfort the partie not onely refresshynge her with good meate and drynke / but also with swete wordes / geuynge her good hope of a spedefull delyueraunce / encouragyng and enstomacking her to pacience and tolleraunce / byddyng her to holde in her brethe in so muche as she maye / also strekynge gentylly with her handes her belly aboue the nauel / for that helpeth to depresse the byrth downewarde ¶ But and yf the woman be any thynge grosse / fat / or flesshly it shall be best for her to lye grouelyng / for by that menes the matrice is thrust and depressed downe warde / anoyntynge also the preuy partes with the oyle of whyte lyllies And yf necessite require it / let not the mydwyfe be afrayde ne asshamed to handle the places and to relaxe and lose the straytes / for so muche as shall lye in her / for that shall helpe wel to the more expedite and quycke labor ¶ But this must the mydwyfe aboue all thynges take hede of that she cōpell not the woman to labor / before the byrth come forewarde / shewe it selfe For before that tyme all labor is in vayne / labor as muche as ye lyst And in this case many tymes it cometh to passe / that the partie hath labored so sore before the tyme / that when she sholde labor in dede / her myght and strength is spent before in vaine / so that she is not nowe able to helpe her selfe / and that is a peryllous case ¶ Farthermore when the secondine or seconde byrthe in the which the byrth is wrapped and conteyned doth ones appeare / then maye ye knowe that the labor is at hande / wherfore yf the same secondine breake not of his owne kynde / it shal be the myd wyfes parte and offyce with her nayles easely and gentely to breake it / and rent it / or yf it maye not so conuenientlye be done / then reyse vp betwene your fyngers a pece of it / and cutte it of with a payre of sheeres / or a sharpe knyfe / but soo that ye hurte not the byrthe with the cutte / this done / by and by ensueth consequētly the flux and flowe of humours / of the whyche I spake before / and then nexte foloweth immediatly the byrthe ¶ But yf it so chanse the secondine sholde be cutte by the mydwyfe and all the watery parte yshued and spent before due tyme and necessite sholde requyre it / so that the preuye passage be lest exiccat and drye / the byrth not yet appearynge / and by this meanes the labor sholde be hyndered and letted In this case ye shall annoynt and mollify that preuy passage with the oyle of white lillies / or som of the greses spoken of before / fyrste wharmed and so conueyed in to the preuy partes the whiche thynges wyll cause the waye to be slypperye / sople / and easye for the byrth to passe But chiefly in this difficulties sholde profette the whyte of an egge to gether with the yolke powred in to that same place / whiche sholde cause it to be moste slypperye and slydynge ¶ And yf it so be / that the byrthe be of a greate groweth / and the head stycke in the commynge forthe / then muste the mydwyfe helpe al that she may / with her handes fyrst annoynted with some oyle openyng and enlargynge the waye / that the yssue maye be be the frear lykewyse muste be done yf she bare two chyldren at once And all this is spoken of the naturall byrth when that fyrst procedeth the head / and then the reste of the body ordinatly / as ye mayese in the fyrste of the byrth fygures folowynge ¶ ij But when the byrthe commeth contrarye to nature / then must the mydwyfe do all her diligence and payne / yf it may be possible / to turne the byrthe tenderlye with her annoynted handes / so that it maye be reduced agayne to a naturall byrthe / as for example Some tyme it chanseth the chylde to come the legges and both arines and handes downewarde cloose to the sydes fyrste forthe / as appearethe in the seconde of the byrth figures / in this case the mydwife must do all her payne with tender handelyng and annoyntyng to receaue forthe the chylde / the legges beynge styll close to gether / the handes lykewyse remaynynge / as appeareth in the say●e .ij. figure Howe be it / it were farre better yf it maye be by any meanes that the mydwyfe sholde turne these legges cōmyng fyrste forthe vpwardes agayne by the bellywarde / soo that the heade myghte descende downward by the backe part of the wombe for then naturally agayne without parell as the fyrste myght it procede come forthe ¶ iii. Agayne sometyme the byrthe commeth forth with both legges and fete fyrste / the handes beinge lyfted vp aboue the head of the chylde / and this is the parelloust maner of byrth / that is as appeareth in the iij. of the byrth figures And here must the myd wyfe do what she maye to turne the byrth yf it maye be possible to the fyrst figure / and yf it wyll not be / muste reduce the handes of it downe to the sides / so to reduce it into the ij figure But yf this also wyll not be then receaue the feate as they come forth / binde them with some fayre lynnen clothe / and so tenderly and very softly loose out the byrth tyll all be come forth / and this is a very ●copardous labor ¶ iiij Also sometyme the byrth commeth forwarde with one fore onely / the other beynge left vpwarde / as appeareth in the .iiij. fygure And in this case it behoueth the laborynge woman to laye her vpryght vppon her backe / holdynge
vp her thyghes belly / so that her heade be the lower part of her body then let the mydwyfe with her hande returne in agayne the fore that commeth oute fyrste in as tender manner as maye be / and warne the womā that laboreth to stere and moue her selfe / so that by the mouynge and sterynge the byrth maye be turned the head downewarde / and so to make a naturall byrth of it / and then to set the woman in the stole agayne / and to do as ye dyd in the fyrste fygure / but yf it so be that notwithstandyng the mothers stearynge and mouynge the byrth do not torne / then muste the mydwyfe with her hande softelye fetche out the other legge whiche remayned behynde / euermore takynge hede of this that by handelynge of the chylde she do not remoue ne sette oute of theyr place the two hādes hangyng downewarde towarde the fete ¶ v. Lykewise somtyme it cōmeth to passe that the syde of the chyld cōmeth forwarde / as appeareth in the .v. fygure / then must the mydwyfe do so / that it maye be returned to his naturall fasshion / so to come forthe ¶ vi Also sometyme the chylde commeth forthe the fete forwarde / the legges beynge abroade / as in the .vi. figure / and then muste the mydwyfe se / that the fete legges maye be ioyned to gether / and so to procede come forth / euer more regarding the handes / as I warned you before ¶ vij Yf it come with one of the knees or bothe forewarde / as in the .vij. figure / then muste the mydwyfe putte vp the byrth / tyll such tyme as the legges and fete come ryght forth / and then to do as afore ¶ viij When the chylde commeth hedlonge / one of the handes commyng out and appearyng before / as in the .viij. figure / then let the byrthe procede no farther / but let the mydwyfe put in her hande and tenderlye by the shoulders thrust in the byrth agayne / so that the hande maye be setteled in his place agayne the byrth to come forth ordinatly naturally / as in the first figure / but if by this meanes the hand come not to his conueniēt place / then let the woman lye vpryght with her thyghes bellye vpwardes / her head downewardes / so that by that meanes it maye be brought to passe / and then to bryng her to her seate agayne ¶ ix But yf it procede with both handes forewardes / then muste ye lykewyse do as afore by the shulders thrustynge it backe agayne / vntyll suche tyme as the handes lye close to the sydes / and so to come forth as appeareth in the .ix. fygure ¶ x. But when it commeth arsewarde / as in the .x. fygure maye be sene / then muste the mydwyfe with her handes retorne it agayne / vntyl such tyme that the byrth be turned / the legges and fete forwarde / otherels yf it maye so be / it ware beste that the heade myght come forwarde / and so naturallye to procede ¶ xi And yf it so be that it appere come forth fyrst with the sholders / as in the .xi. figure / then must ye fayre and softely thrust it backe agayne by the sholders / tyll such tyme as the heade come forewarde ¶ xii But when the byrth cōmeth forthe with both handes and bothe fete at once / as in the .xij. fygure / then muste the mydwyfe tenderly take the chylde by the head / and returne the legges vpwarde / and so to receyue it forth ¶ xiij And when it cometh brestewarde / as in the .xiij. figure / the legges and handes bydynge behynd / then let the mydwyfe take it by the fete or by the head / which that shall be moste apte and commodious to come forwarde / returnynge the rest vpwarde / and so to receaue it forth / but if it maye be hedlong / it shal be best ¶ xiiij Nowe sometyme it chaunseth the woman to haue two at a burden / and that bothe procede to gether headlonge / as in the xiiij figure / then must the midwyfe receue the one after the other / but so that she let not slyppe the one whylest she taketh the fyrste ¶ xv Yf bothe come forthe at once with theyr fete foreward / then must the mydwyfe be very diligent to receaue fyrst the one / and then the other / as hath ben shewed before ¶ xvi When the one cōmeth hedlonge / the other fotewyse / then must the mydwyfe helpe the byrth that is most nerest the yssue / it that cōmeth fotelōg if she cā to returne it vpon the head / as is spoken of before / taking euer the hede / that the one be not noysō to the other ī receauing forth of ether of thē ¶ And to be shorte / let the mydwyfe often tymes annoynte and mollifye the waye and passage with some of the foresayd oyntmentes / to make the womans labor so much the easyar / haue the lesse thronge trauell and payne / yf there chanse to be any apostume / or dysease about that places in this tyme by suche annoyntynge to alaye and swage the payne so that for the tyme it may be the lesse grefe to the partie / as I poke of before also / and for them that be in this case / it shall be best to lye growelyng / as I said of the grosse fatte and flesshly woman ¶ Remedies and Medicines by the whiche the labor maye be made more tollerable easy and without great payne ¶ Cap .v. ALl suche thynges as helpe the byrth make it more easye / are those Fyrst the womā that laboreth must other syt grouling or els vpryght leanynge backewarde / accordynge as it shall seme commodious and necessarye to the partie / or as she is accustomed And in wynter or colde whether the chamber wherin she laboreth muste be warmed / but in somer or hote whether / let in the ayre to refresshe her withall / lest betwene extreme heate and labor the woman faynt and sounde / and farthermore she must be prouoked to sneesynge / that other with the powder of Eleborus / or elles of pepper Also the sydes of the woman must be strekē downewarde with the handes / which thing helpeth greately and farthereth / and let the mydwyfe alway be very diligent prouidyng and seinge what shal be necessary for the woman / annoyntinge the priuities with oyle or other such grese as I spoke of before in this fasshion Take the oyle of whyte lyllies or duckes grese / with that temper two graynes wayghte of Safran and one grayne of muske / and with that oyntmente annoynte the secrete partes Yf this profet nothynge / then vse this suffumigation ¶ Take myrrhe / galbanum / castorium / let those be beten and make lyke pylles of them tempered to gether with bulles gaule / then take a dramme of this pylles / and put it