although there were many inclined to obey him yet they would not for all that cease from giuing him to vnderstand that they determined to remaine and defend it that so they might shunne and auoyde the shame which without all doubt they should condignely receiue in dislodging so vily whereupon Paul of Zaraz reenforcing the guards tooke charge of the towne through which walking in the night season he saw many souldiours who by Aldenes oppointment were with their horses sadled readie to troupe on with their armes and baggage to whom giuing incouragement and perswading them not to bouge hee went from thence to Aldenes lodging whom hee found vpon his bed and conferring with him he desired to know why he had commaunded that the Spanyards should be in such readines For that said he he had receiued newes that the enemies were alreadie approached within two miles of Lippa with fifteene peeces of Artillerie and that vpon this occasion he was resolued that he would not at any hand attend them because the place was not strong enough he hauing before hand concluded presently to depart To which Paul replied that he would stay but vntill he had sent to know the certaintie thereof And he did so much that three houres before day hee presently dispatched two horsemen towards Themesuar to discouer whether the Vauntgard of Mahomet approached or not These souldiours posting with good speede arriued at the place where were lodged Iohn Turky and Bartholmew Coruatte and seeing them to be at quiet and not fearing any trouble of the enemies they returned backe againe with great speede to declare vnto Aldene that there was not any bruite or newes that the Bashaes Campe was risen from about Themesuar During the time that these two horsemen made this discouerie Aldene caused all the Canoniers to come to him commaunding them to charge the Cannons euen to the mouth with intent to breake them and that they should put the rest of the powder into the vautes and sellers of the towers and Bulwarkes to blow them vp when neede should require and being afterwards to expect the returne of these two souldiours who should bring certaine newes of all a Sentinell which was in the top of one of the towers at Sunne rising discouered two horsemen who came spurring on amaine These were the two souldiours which we haue before spoken of who rode in great post thinking that if they deferred any time Aldene would set fire on the Castle before they returned againe and on the contrarie the certaine newes which they should bring would expell this wicked determination out of his cowardly mind and this was the cause of their speed Another Sentinell at the same instant being not farre from the other discouered a farre off a great dust in the ayre which was raised by a number of Cowes which ranne wildly together in the fields without any keeper and these two souldiours were neere the towne crying with a loude voyce although they could not perfectly be vnderstood and said that they should make stay and not fire the munition nor Castle The other souldiours crying by the aduertisement of the Sentinell that this dust was raised by some great battalion of the enemies and that these two souldiours came posting before to giue notice thereof they went presently to aduertise Aldene who was the first that mounted vpon a good horse and sent to Captaine Paul of Zaraz that he should open the towne-gate and let the waggons forth that were full of his moueables and of certaine Marchants It being opened the Spaniards began softly to march euery man ranging himselfe vnder his Colours and presently vpon it he commaunded the Canoniers to giue fire to the Castle and to all the Artillerie wherein they vsed such haste that giuing fire to the vaults of the towers two among them blinded with feare and smoke remained vnder it burnt and consumed By the violence of this fire two great towers which were at the enterance of the Castle were blowne vp into the ayre and there were fiue or sixe peeces of Artillerie which were discharged against the walles being laden euen to the mouth and the Castle began to burne on all parts and in like sort the towne which caused a mournfull pitie among all those nations who not without iust cause cōplained for such a losse worthily blaming so vile an act inueighing with great bitternes against the Spanyards and Germanes deeply cursing Castalde that had placed them there not knowing now where to dispose or turne themselues or what might betide them by this lamentable inconuenience they being with great cries and laments dis-vnited and seuered from thence and with the greatest confusion and discontent that could be they began to lode their waggons with their wiues and children and of those commodities which they had then with them and to proceede on their iourney whither Fortune would guide them and endeuouring to saue themselues some went to one place and others to another and Aldene leauing Lippa behinde him which miserably burned like a second Troy tooke his way with his souldiours towards Transiluania marching with so great speede that not any taried to expect his companion euery one speedily labouring for his owne safetie and amongst them he was esteemed to be most valiant and sure who better then the other could nimbly vse his legges and their iourney was no lesse disordered then their departure was inconsideratiue and in such sort it was performed that the peasants who inhabited among the mountaines for the dispight which they had of so foule and execrable a fault tooke courage to assaile and kill many of them and to rob many Marchants of Lippa so that they were in a manner all lost and perished some remaining dead others wounded and sore hurt and this happened to them in reuenge of the ruine and losse of Lippa Bortholmew Gornatte who as we haue said was foure miles from Lippa seeing the great fire which as he thought proceeded from this towne was greatly astonished at the sight thereof not being able to imagine what it could be rather suspecting some other casualtie then that which happened to be true and presently mounting on horsebacke spurred on to the place from whence this flame came and arriuing neere to Lippa hee could not conceiue what the occasion should be of the burning thereof and not able to thinke who should be he that had caused so great a losse nor by what peruerse accident it should happen he vehemently mistrusted some treason by meanes whereof he thought Aldene with all his souldiours might haue been consumed in that fire And demaunding of some that went wandring about the towne who had comitted so vile an acte they presently made relation to him of the whole matter as it was done which he vnderstanding and not minding as a wise and prouident Captaine to neglect any thing which should concerne the seruice of his Prince and the noblenes of his owne minde without being constrained
Budians that had so gallantly resisted the forces of Ferdinand saying vnto them that they alwaies bore them speciall good will and that they came for no other intent then to reuenge all the wrong and iniuries which was offered to them And hauing conferred with the Queene of all that which was giuen them in charge they returned againe receiuing presents double as rich as those which they brought with them being honourably and pleasantly entertained The Turkes by many assaults suffered Roccandolph to take no rest whilest on both sides he was hindered by prouiding boates and barkes to keepe firme before one part of the Turkish armie which came vp Danubius and was alreadie arriued at an Iland called Chep nigh vnto the banke side which if he had followed the aduice that the Hungars prescribed should haue been fortified and well planted with Artillerie before the enemies had been masters thereof for by that meanes they might haue endamaged their armie and easily defended that they should not haue incamped there by reason they should haue been constrained maugre their wils to forsake that plaine and retire backe considering that from that I le the Cannon might scoure the plaine in any part wheresoeuer But wicked and aduerse destinie willing that Buda should by any meanes whatsoeuer fall into the hands of Solyman and that the armie of Ferdinand by the carelesnes of the Commaunders should bee broken and ouerthrowne blinded Roccandolph that he had no care to fortifie it but onely with certaine souldiours and a few field peeces Mahomet who was not in any thing negligent perceiuing another hill which was by the Iland where the Germanes had the guard being very drowsie and sluggish in their charge did deliberate with himselfe to assaile them on the sudden whilest in another place he caused the alarme to be giuen to the whole bodie of Roccandolphs Campe. Following this determination before the dawning of the day he commaunded his vessels to saile before the I le and giue the assault vpon those of Roccandolph which were also by the I le and against the bridge which he caused to bee built that vpon any occasion he might saue himselfe and retire to Pesthe The Ianisaries entring suddenly within this I le began to cut the throates of the souldiours who had the guard thereof and of whom before they were wakened from their dead sleepe and that they were somewhat safe from the feare that had before possessed thē there remained slaine vpon the place well neere 600. The bruite of this alarme being spread abroad our souldiours who were on the other side putting themselues in order began to discharge certaine peeces of Artillerie which were vnder the couert of a wood lately cut by the riuers side and so greatly annoyed the armie of the Turkes that they were very rudely disordered and if those of Roccandolphs armie had that day acquited themselues of their vttermost deuoire they had quite ouerthrowne all their enemies who in the end by the disorder that happened amongst ours and by the dexteritie of the Ianisarie harquebuziers remained victorious all the vessels of Roccandolph being taken and broken the greatest part of the bridges cut off and the I le vnder the Turkes command At the same instant Mahomet commaunded that the rest of Roccandolphs Campe should be assailed in two places which then by the prowesse and valiantnes of the Bohemians and Hungars and certaine Germane Captaines they held good and for that time maintained firme and sure footing But the tediousnes of the fight was an occasion that the forces of Ferdinand waxed faint and wearie and to the contrarie those of Buda by reason of the Turkish ayde increased their courage Solyman being aduertised of all that which passed vntill then departed from Andrionopolis in great iourneys with 200000. men to come to Buda and marching with great diligence gaue notice to Mahomet of his departure which being also knowne to Peren who was one of the chiefest of Roccandolphs armie caused presently the Councel to assemble perswading them instantly to retire to Pesthe and not to attend the arriuall of all the Turkish force To this opinion Roccandolph answered that he could not depart without the commaund of Ferdinand and vpon that resolution Salm was dispatched to goe towards Vienna and whilest within a Brigantine he went a long Danubius feare and necessitie in the end constrained Roccandolph to raise and retire himselfe to Pesthe beginning in this manner to march with his people First he sent before all the Hungars with the great Artillerie waggons and other baggage which should any thing annoy his armie vpon the way after those all the Germane and Bohemian Caualarie marched with a good troupe of infantrie and in the rereward marched all the footmen with the rest of the baggage Euen now the Vauntgard and battaile were alreadie by the obscuritie of the night arriued at Danubius causing bridges of boates to be made When the two Mahomets were aduertised thereof by two Vsaron horsemen who fled from Roccandolphs Campe they presently assembled together and caused their people to march in two places sending the Ianisaries of one side with a good troupe of Caualarie and on the other side the remainder of al the horse with all the infantrie that remained The beginning of their assault was with cryes and horrible shrikings directed vpon the Germane quarter which they presently fired The Germanes and Bohemians who alreadie were at the riuers side were greatly astonished at so sudden a charge endeuouring themselues to dissemble their flight they began valiantly to make head But all the rest of the armie in the Tents was out of order and especially those a long the side of Danubius where euery one without order or shame endeuoured to saue himselfe by pressing into the boates and neither by blowes threates nor intreaties were any able to draw them back much lesse to make them stand and turne their faces so great was the feare they were possest withall and the more in respect of the astonishment which the fearfull thundring of the Cannon made that night in euery place and euery one was so degenerated and discouraged that neither Roccandolph nor his commaunds were of any force or authoritie to stay them who also besides the incomparable griefe which greatly oppressed him was sore wounded and by his indisposition the rest of the souldiours who were appointed to fight being aduertised of this generall feare retired themselues by little and little seeking by flight to saue themselues as well as they could Thus all in the end went to the spoyle and ruine of fortune The souldiours of Peren were the first that were charged by those of Belgrade and the Germanes who kept S. Gerrards hill were ouerthrowne by the Ianisaries and Turkish Caualarie and with great slaughter were throwne headlong downe The Budians sallying forth by the Port of the water towre so called for that it was continually beaten vpon with the waues of
disorder indiscreetly pressing and incumbring one another and seeing many Turkes dead on the ground who not by them the Hungars but by the people of Ourestolph were so ouerthrowne and many horses coursing about the plaine thinking that they had alreadie wonne the victorie and not respecting the other squadron which was yet whole with the Coaches they seemed carelesse any more to fight or expect the issue of the battaile so that many among them dismounting from their horses began to rifle the Turkes which were remaining on the place either hurt or slaine The Basha perceiuing this which was done at the first incounter began to despayre and thought the victorie inclined to the Christians wherevpon he began to retire his squadrons and waggons to saue himselfe but afterward seeing that none followed him and that the Hungars did not orderly manage in the field but with confusion thwarting one another without any discipline being more attentiue to the spoyle then to the pursuite of victorie and considering that a good part of his squadron was yet intire and whole determined to make head and returne to the charge commaunding first to aduance 300. Turkes with certaine Ianisaries and other souldiours which should enter into the Castle which they easily performed without any hinderance and after they kept close with their other squadrons in a strong battalion and began with great courage and nimblenes to giue in among the Hungars who alreadie were disbanded and dispersed euery where to whom they gaue the greatest mate that could be imagined putting all to the sword without any pitie so that there were more horse seene straying vp and downe then men running away the plaine being so harried that they could not finde any place to hide and saue themselues The men of armes in the meane time reunited themselues into a strong squadron and desirous againe to charge and thwart the Turkes perceiued how the Hungars by their beastlines and couetousnes of spoyle were all ouerthrowne and slaine and the rest that were remaining were put to slight In respect whereof not willing to indaunger themselues to the euent of fortune so slightly to aduenture a second charge thought it more expedient to goe and ioyne with the Spanyards who not once remoued from the place by the towne but were still raunged in battaile all vnited together and who now began with good speede to retire themselues to other places of more strength and securitie The Basha of Buda seeing now the victorie to be his greatly marueiling that that which he neuer thought of was happened to him could not easily be induced to beleeue it but without pausing he boldly ranged ouer the field as victorious not sparing the life of any which he incountered commanding the like to be done in the towne by the Turks who were in the Castle and by those which he had sent for their ayd who therein imployed themselues so bloodily that amongst those whom they knew their professed enemies they so tyrannously dominered that they neither spared men women nor children causing all pitifully to end their liues by the edge of the sword The Basha afterwards gathering all his people together againe and making of them a great squadron raunged the plaine all the rest of that day and pursued the remainder of those souldiours that Ottomiall had brought with him of whom he defeated left vpon the ground there more then 1500. dead and wounded insomuch as for that day as well without as within the towne there was more then 5000. persons that perished and afterwards resting himselfe as one tyred in shedding so much blood and to see whether any thing else would offer it selfe vnto him he descried a farre off to come towards the towne 300. Aiduchs who are footmen who two daies before that our men had receiued this ouerthrow went to seeke their fortunes in the Turkes countrie for spoyle which they well performed with great slaughter of the enemies and returned from thence well laden thinking to finde all things as they left them not any thing dreaming that in so short a time and so miserably Fortune had brought them to so vniuersall a ruine Thus ioyfully continuing on their iourney and hastning themselues to Zegedin as though they had been to goe to their owne homes they discouered the Bashaes squadron whereat they were greatly astonished doubting whether they were enemies or no neuerthelesse perswading themselues they were of our people who were there placed for some good purpose they rested assured and began againe to proceede on their way they marched not much further but they were perceiued by the Basha who knowing them to be of our Aiduchs and a small number and that they had no woods to saue themselues but only a little Church which was not farre from them they began to prepare towards them who seeing themselues so suddenly assailed and enuironed contrarie to their expectation were not any thing amazed thereat but euery man taking the courage of a lyon began so fiercely to fight continually retyring towards the Church that although there did not any one of them escape yet neuerthelesse they sold their liues so deare that there was not any one of them slaine but first he killed a Turke or two and many three or foure and these did twice as much endamage the Bashes people as all those which Ottomiall had brought against them besides his 3000. horse These being thus defeated the Basha remained entire Lord both of the field and towne where being entered he gaue in token of victorie to all his people as well in money as in apparell what he himselfe thought good And after hauing thanked Fortune for such happy successe he addressed himselfe to the repayring of the towne and to mend vp that which our people had spoyled Whilest the Basha was imployed in the defeate of these Aiduchs Aldene retyred himselfe with his Spanyards and men of armes with so great haste and speede as if the Basha had been at their backes or all the Turkish Caualarie had pursued them himselfe being the onely cause of this ouerthrow in respect of his negligence and small iudgement because he had not caused these Aiduchs to stay and fight Thus retyring and flying from Zegedin he trauailed in one day and a night 16. miles which maketh 32. French miles and retyred himselfe to a Castle named Cornoch not farre from Lippa During this said battaile there happened a strange accident to a souldiour which I would not let passe in silence esteeming it worthie of memorie and this it was When Aldene passed Tibiscus to goe to Zegedin he left a Corporall of a squadron named Higueras with certaine souldiours who was esteemed a man of good sufficiencie and very valiant and he was left there to keepe the boates in which he had passed the riuer to the end he should continually haue them in readines as it were for any necessitie which might happen Now this souldiour being in person at the
and agreements concluded the 24. of Iuly being the vigill of S. Iames two daies after about eight of the clocke in the morning they began to set forward their baggage and Artillerie and Losonze followed after with all the Caualarie among which marched the remnant of the Infantrie which was left marching all in battaile with their armes and Ensignes displayed In their comming forth they perceiued two great squadrons of horse foot amounting to some 50000. keeping and stopping the way where they should passe which was a little hill on both sides The Spaniards who marched last perceuing so many men in their way and conceiuing hardly thereof presaged what was like presently to befall them whereupon they sent to tell Losonze that they would not forsake the towne except the Basha would cause those squadrons to retyre out of their way whereof the Basha being aduertised answered them that vpon paine of his head they might securely come forth without receiuing any preiudice and that he sent these troupes into that place to no other end but onely that his souldiours seeing them goe forth of the towne they might by them take example vpon the like and future occasion to carrie themselues valiantly considering that so few men had so wonderfull well defended themselues against such an infinite multitude and seeing they all professed armes were men that liued by war it was necessarie they should be instructed therein according as occasion serued Vnder the protection of this assurance they all came forth and began to march through the midst of these squadrons being distant from the towne some 300. paces which they had no sooner performed but the treacherous signall was giuen with an harquebuze shot as Mahomet had appoynted At the report whereof one part of these squadrons presently enuironed the Artillerie and those who marched before and the other part enuironed the rest and so compassing thus our people in the midst of them they began to execute their barbarous tyrannie in massacring them and specially those who offered to defend themselues and who loued rather a famous libertie honorably to dye fighting then to remaine slaues during their liues vnder so wicked a nation Of this number were the most part Spanyards and some Hungars and Germanes and those who would not defend themselues were presently forced away and lead prisoners and among others Losonze was taken and conducted to the Basha In this massacre there happened an accident which I will recite although it seemeth fabulous and worthier to be registred in the bookes of Romancers then in a true historie being so incredible that a sole man could make passage and escape through so many thousands of men and yet neuerthelesse it was a true thing As the Turkes attempted to hewe our men in peeces and to perfourme that they began their accustomed high clamors Captaine Alphonse Perez de Saianedra a strong and able man being mounted vpon a good horse tooke presently his sword in his hand and at the first bruite and clamour of the enemies he thrust in among them and with maine force he made himselfe place and way through the midst of the throng and as some were busied in the slaughter of the other he saued himselfe without touch of wound running towards Lippa being well armed and mounted vpon a horse which ran exceedingly swift The Turkes seeing that one man alone had thus stoutely made himselfe passage and was saued passing in despight through so many horses being incensed with shame and anger there pursued him more then 500. and although their horses were no lesse swifter to run than his yet neuer could they once come neere him But in an ill houre as this Captaine was in his speedie course almost out of danger hauing little Castalde hauing speedie newes of this losse presently departed with great iournies to be more neere and to prouide that the rest might be better defended and kept He perceiued by the way that all the Hungarian Knights and nobilitie who then followed him were very pensiue and dismayed insomuch that leauing all at randome to the pleasure of Fortune they seemed carelesse of any thing whereupon turning himselfe towards them he modestly reproued them with such milde speeches as he thought good and gaue them some heart and hope that this losse should shortly be recouered by Ferdinands power which daily was expected by their own force and vertue exhorting them to defend the rest hee so effectually perswaded them that he expelled from them all feare dispaire and caused to increase in them courage and boldnes and to thinke more vpon the reuenging of Losonzes death and the death of his Captaines and souldiours then euer they had done But Fortune which is not alwaies permanent but at her pleasure cutteth off the dessignes of men in the most flourishing time of their Aprill and doth raise and abate humane actons as seemeth good to her would that Aldene should not perseuer long in this his braue resolution in which vntill then he was resolute in the defence of Lippa against any strong and puissant armie whatsoeuer the same being vnto Ferdinand of as great importance as the losse of an armie or kingdome as we shall hereafter further speake of During the time that Mahomet besieged Themesuar and that he was vpon the point to capitulate with Losonze Aldene perhaps thinking that this towne would neuer be taken was nothing prouident to vse that diligence which was requisite for the due of his charge neither yet did he imploy any spies to aduertise him and now foure of fiue dayes were alreadie past that he knew nothing of the enemies proceedings neither had he any other newes then by the Rhatians or others who by chaunce brought him a certaine Turke prisoner who imparted to him as much as he desired and when a Captaine of the Vssarons named Demetre Vzarenky exhorted him to vse greater diligence and tolde him that he would accomodate him with such persons that should faithfully serue him in such affayres he made sleight regard thereof neither did he endeauour himselfe to retaine them with giftes or rewards nor yet so much as with any good words so that the affayres of Lippa daily proceeded from euill to worse In the end newes being come that Themesuar was reduced vnder the Turkes commaund and of all other occurrances which passed there Aldene thought that Mahomets campe would presently visite him and thinking that the Castle was not so strong as gladly he would haue had it to resist his victorious enemie and seeing the occasion conformable to his conceite and perswading himselfe that the little hope which he had to defend himselfe both by reason of the weakenes of the towne and also of the Castle would be a sufficient excuse to discharge him of so vile and infamous a thing as this which he pretended to doe he resolued in himselfe to leaue it And to the end the Turkes should not ayde themselues
therewith to resist the power of the Basha he endeuoured to oppose himselfe against him and to delude them by the subtelie of his fained shewes which Mahomet supposing to be true was in doubt what to doe But at the last Castalde hauing vnderstood that one day he would vpon a sudden enter into Transiluania and send the Belerbey of Greece before with 25000. horse to giue remedie to that leauing the Vayuode Battor with all his souldious of the kingdome in the same place to the end he should maintaine the reputation of a Campe and to the end also that that might alwaies appeare to bee true which the Spies reported to Mahomet who vntill then in regard of the report as we haue declared before had put him into some feare and doubt he departed with his Infantrie and men of armes with this resolute determination to meete the Belerbey and to fight with him and although it seemed an expresse rashnes yet leauing the issue thereof in the hand of God he was not any whit amazed or discouraged but determined resolutely either to ouerthrow the Belerbey and by that meanes to giue iust occasion to Mahomet not to attempt any more the enterance into the kingdome or else gloriously there to end his happie daies For that if it happened that vnfortunately he should lose this battaile yet for all that he would not censure himself to be vtterly subuerted but as fierce as at the first because hee should leaue behinde him another armie answerable vnto that which he met the Turkes withall As these things were thus a brewing he went to take view of a lodging between Deua and Sassebessa which he found very conuenient for his purpose and commodious to fortifie with great aduantage for the safetie of his Infantrie which he might well accommodate and lodge vpon certaine little pleasant hils which would be as a Caualliar against the Belerbeys horse and afterwards appointed a garrison at Deua wherein he placed Counte Helfestin and two Spanish companies with Vayuode Battors Caualarie to the end that as occasion serued they should make in vpon the Rereward and flanks he being with his men of armes so well accommodated that he might well offend and annoy the enemie without any detriment to himselfe But all these inuentions and troublesome conceits which daily hammered in Castaldes braine proceeding rather by necessitie then of free will tooke no effect for that the Basha altering his determination resolued of some other course and went towards Hungarie he being aduised that if he tooke the strong places thereof Transiluania would then bee wonne with lesse paine and daunger and without hazarding his armie as then hee should hazard them if he entered into that Prouince And truly it was a work of God that the Basha remained so blinded and that he could not discerne so easie a way to conquer that countrie because that Castalde not being of sufficient force to maintaine the field it was necessary for him to retire his forces into strong holds considering that all the gathering together of the powers which they could make out of all the countries of the kingdome was not such as they might affront this barbarous tyrant and yet though it had been sufficient to incounter him withall yet for all that they knew not how neither at the enterance nor at the retraict of the enemies Campe to auoyde in that countrie very great desolation and ruine which as well by reason of the one as of the other should haue happened and specially if such an armie had made long aboade therein it being composed of more then 90000. men besides aduenturers and other straglers who to rob and steale doe vsually follow a Campe. Whilest that Mahomet was determined to enter into Hungarie and that the Castle of Drigal was now besieged and sorely battered by the Marquesse Sforce and Erasmus Teifel contratie to the liking of Castalde as is aforesaid and being not yet taken Achineth Basha of Buda vnderstanding of this violent battering and that this siege was maintained against the aduice and liking of Castalde he determined to relieue the assieged and commaunding that all the Caualarie which were vpon the frontiers should make their Rendevous in a place by him appointed who in the end were 15000. horse with whom he marched towards our people and at the dawning of the day he arriued neere to the Marquesse his Campe sending before 500. horse to giue the alarme and he with the rest of his troupe passed towards another side of the Castle not being perceiued of any to giue in vpon the Rereward of our men if they would offer to come out of their Trenches to fight with those who should giue the alarme At the sight of these 500. horse our men began to make some sallies and charges vpon them and by little and little the alarme waxed so warme that the greatest part of our people either by necessitie or desire to fight went out of their Trenches and ranging themselues in battaile they so fiercely charged the Turkes that they slew most of them and put the rest to a speedie flight ouerthrowing many in the pursuite And as it often happeneth our souldiours thinking by the defeate of these few men they had the victorie assured in their owne hands not foreseeing what might happen they began to disband themselues and pursue the Turks one getting a horse another spoyling the dead when to this medley the Basha after that he saw the occasion to be such as he desired came with such great furie and rage that our people could not really themselues nor resist so violent a charge as well for that they were in disorder as also because they saw themselues out and farre from their Trenches which might haue warranted them from this crueltie The Germanes of Erasmus Teifel who made the battalion and were about 3000. were so at an instant ouerthrowne as if lions had entered into a parke of sheepe The Marquesse Sforce who was armed before the battalion of the Italians seeing that our Caualarie and men of armes were all fled and that also all the Germanes were defeated and that on that side all was lost and ouerthrowne like a prouident Captaine would not indanger the rest of his men but would haue conducted them into some secure place and caused them to take a wood which was there by hoping by that meanes to saue them his enterprise was by the Basha ouerthrowne who cut off his way and forced him in spight of his teeth to fight Who seeing he could not remedie it he in the best manner he could ordered his people in battaile and incouraging the Captaines and the Captaines the souldiours as a valiant and resolute Leader he placed himselfe in the most daungerous place and began the fight which scarcely was begun but his men by reason of the multitude of the enemies horse were so disordered that by no meanes they could not any more reunite themselues to fight but
Whilest these souldiours did thus vaunt themselues all the armie was lodged almost intirely together euery man in his quarter The King did not yet depart from the towne of Ville-neufue of the Macedonians which is betweene Batha and Mohacz hauing with him but a small troupe being there in great danger if the enemie who was not farre of might haue discouered him But fortune reserued the death of the King vntill some other time wherein he should dye more gloriously for the good of his countrie In the meane while in the night whē the King was asleep there arriued at the same time Michael Podnamisky cōming from the Campe and sent on the behalfe of the Commanders who came to giue aduertisement that the Turk had alreadie passed the riuer of Drauus with the greatest part of his armie and that the rest followed with all expedition that the fight could not be deferred that all the Captaines vrgently importuned his Maiestie to come with all diligence to the Campe and aduise with them concerning the battaile The King vnderstanding this newes by Podnamisky called to councell that small companie that was with him acquainting them with this busines demaunding of them what was to be done in so doubtfull and vrgent a matter His Maiestie then did call to minde the counsell and opinion which the Vayuode and Counte Christopher had sent him by those who were dispatched towards them who certaine daies before were returned by which aduertisement from them both they greatly blamed the counsell of those who had brought the King into that place so neere the enemy before it was time and that it had been better for him to remaine at Buda or to encampe himselfe further frō the enemie vntill all the forces of the kingdome were vnited together They had also by the same messengers exhorted the King not to fight with the enemie at least not before their comming The Vayuode particularly sent him word by Iohn Statile that hee would bring with him from Transiluania great troupes of souldiours who for force and number should be so secure that the King vpon their fidelitie and valour might haue a speciall hope of victorie This came into the Kings minde and he well considered of this counsell and of the other part he well weighed that which the Chiefes of the armie did importune him to whom if he condiscended not the enemie being so nigh and his souldiours hauing so great a desire to fight he well saw that the blame and euill of all that might happen would bee imputed to him and that he should bee found culpable in omitting so good an occasion His minde being disturbed with these difficulties he determined before hee resolued of any thing to proue his Leaders and Chieftaines of the armie if they thought it good to attend the Vayuode of Transiluania and Counte Christopher and that if in the meane time the enemie approached neerer or pressed them whither they should remoue the Campe into some other place of better safetie For this cause he sent to the Campe euen at the same instant that Podnamisky was come the Chauncellor who was then with the King to perswade the principall of the armie yea the Commanders themselues namely the Archbishop of Strigonium and Counte Palatine vpon whose opinion all the others depended that they should find out some good meane to retire and deferre the fight He was commaunded further to let them vnderstand all which was reported to the King concerning the Vayuode and Counte Christopher and to explaine vnto them how cleere and apparant the ruine of the kingdome was if the King with so many Princes and the flower of all the Nobilitie of the realme should expose themselues to so eminent a daunger For if it happened which we ought to be mindfull of considering the multitude of souldiours and the great preparation for warre of the enemies in comparison of the small number of his Maiesties forces which he now hath that the King should bee ouercome who should afterwards hold backe or hinder the enemie but that with little difficultie he might enioy all Hungarie He declared vnto them that it was most expedient the Campe should bee remoued into some other place of better securitie or to retire backe a little if the enemie should inforce them thereto vntill the Vayuode with the Transiluanians the Ban with the Slauonians Counte Christopher with the Croatians Bohemians Morauians Slesians and other succours should come that Hungarie should receiue lesse losse though the enemies should ouerharrie from Mohacz vnto Poson putting all whatsoeuer they did incounter to fire and sword then that such an armie should miscarrie and bee ouerthrowne by one battaile in which the King himselfe and so many great Princes and chiefe persons of the realme should be For they being slaine what hope of reenforcing new succours could rest to the kingdome But the King with so many Lords and such braue souldiours remaining safe and preseruing all things in good estate they may finde singular content and securitie vnder the gouernment of such a King who both for his parentage and alliance is respected throughout all Christendome The Chauncellor hauing the same night made this speech first of all to the chiefest visiting and talking with them apart and after in generall to all the Councell his reasons neuerthelesse were of so small efficacie as if he had said nothing to them such was the haughtie courage of euery one being eager to fight vnder a vaine hope of victorie being notwithstanding otherwise by a certaine feare withheld which did hinder them from disswading the fight although the contrarie was so earnestly desired by the souldiours The King then came by breake of day to his Campe and for that the vessels which did bring by water his Maiesties Tents and Pauilions were not yet come from Buda he retired himself for the present into a Bishops house which was adioyning to the towne there to proue that which as yet he vnderstood not by the Chauncellor They commaunded the Councellors of all estates and nations to assemble before the King which failed not presently to visit him with many expert Captaines and hardie souldiours among whom were certaine Bohemians and Morauians who were alreadie arriued there In this assemblie it was propounded to the Councellors and souldiours what was needfull to be done not any being yet come from Transiluania Slauonia Croatia Bohemia nor Germanie whereof the greater part were presently to arriue as was assuredly expected yet notwithstanding the enemie was very nigh being no more then two miles from the Kings Campe who vpon this occasion as it was thought could not nor would not deferre the battaile vntill another time Vpon this their opinion was asked which of these two seemed most expedient either to remoue the Campe elsewhere and for the present to delay the fight attending those which daily were expected or else to make triall of fortune in giuing the enemie battaile At this councell was present Paul Tomoree
he was to fight against all their armie and as for the rest he needed not to doubt of victorie At this his speeches the King incontinently commanded to sound the alarme and presently all the Trumpets Clarions and Drummes made a marueilous and terrifying noise and al the souldiours following their accustomed manner inuocating the name of Iesus made a confused noise of crying and at the same instant one might perceiue the enemies to descend the hill which was opposite against the Hungars seeming by their rankes an infinite number among whom was Soliman himselfe Then they gaue the King his head-peece who vpon the receipt thereof looked very pale as a presaging of euill fortune at hand And then the signall to fight was giuen to those who were in front who very couragiously charged the enemie and all their artillerie was also made readie and discharged But this first incounter was not greatly offensiue to the enemies neuerthelesse there was more slaine of them then of the Hungars in so much that they were forced to retire being so hardly pressed by the Christians whether it was by the force and courage of the Hungars or the subtiltie of the enemie endeuouring by that meanes to draw them on to the mouth of their Cannon that I know not Then presently Andrew Battor hasted to the King declaring to him that the Turkes had turned their backes that the victorie was now in him that he should not doubt but set forward and that it was needfull presently to second his men who were in chase of the enemie that fled Whereupon the King aduaunced forward in hap hazard but when they came to the place where the first charge was giuen there might you haue seene many bodies of the Hungars dispersed ouer all the field some maimed others halfe aliue yet breathing In the meane while those of the Vandgard pursuing the enemie and valiantly fighting the battaile of the Hungars approached to them with as much speede as armed men could make the left wing began to bend and many quitted themselues and fled being feared which I well beleeue with the enemies Cannon which then began to play among them This did not a little astonish the battaile whilest those who were in it did heare the continuall and horrible whistling of the bullets which passed through their rankes and ouer their heads and then the King was seene no more in the ranke where he was whether it was for that he passed beyond the first rankes which were before him as wee haue noted and as was before determined vpon to the end that he should not bee too much knowne remaining in the same place or whether that he was forced from the daunger by those who were behinde him for both the one and the other might well bee Some said that hauing gone beyond the rankes which were neere him he thrust himselfe into the front of the battaile where hee valiantly fought with the enemie but neither dare I affirme it nor altogether denie it For my part I know this for trueth that he was not found in that place neither in the ranke wherein he was at the beginning after the Cannon of the enemie began to play and when those of the left wing of the Vandgard were seene to flye At the same instant was missing the Archbishop of Strigonium who was side by side by the King and also certaine others who were by his Maiestie I will not impose this fault of the losse of our King vpon those to whom he was committed in custodie nor to those which may be carried him by force or ill hap out of the battile but euen to the hard fortune of the Hungars to the end that together with the losse of their King they might not onely suffer that which they endured of a stranger but also endure the infinite euill which they afterward felt by their factious and domesticall dissentions for the election of a new King in place of him whom they had lost their sinnes no doubt being more worthie of a greater scourge and punishment For wee know that both the one and the other who had the charge to respect the Kings safetie were most faithfull vnto his Maiestie and very desirous to preserue his life And concerning those three who ought to haue had a watchfull eye vpon him it is most certaine they could not returne from the enemie against whom they had been sent before our armie was put to flight yea one of them was taken and suddenly deliuered That which causeth mee to discourse more particularly of this action is through the vehemencie of griefe which I haue by reason of a certaine man who in a praier which he set forth was not afeard falsely to call the Hungars the forsakers of their King But should one esteeme those to haue forsaken and abandoned their King who shewed vnto him all the duties that good and faithfull subiects owe vnto their Prince and who also were well neere all slaine in that field wherein his Maiestie was found dead who also by their death declared how true and faithfull they were to their King what great loue they beare to their countrie But this goodly Oratour who hath couched this in writing and who so greatly iniurieth this nation doth besides so largely write such a discourse of this ouerthrow that I am ashamed of him so impudently dareth he diuulge to the worlds view the historie of a thing which was altogether vnknowne to him But to our purpose The battaile of the Hungars being greatly troubled by this inconuenience as wee haue said and shaken in such manner that it altogether tended to a flight neuerthelesse they fought a long time not in that large plaine but euen before the Cannons mouth of the enemie which was but ten paces from them so that the Hungars as well for the feare which they had thereof as for the smoake which darkened them were forced for the most part to descend into a valley adioyning to those aforesaid marishes the rest notwithstanding continued still fighting before the Cannon In the end those who were retired into this valley being returned againe to the fight and seeing there was no meanes to support the violence of the artillerie and the smoake which still thickened one part of the armie being alreadie put to flight they also were forced to turne their backes Euery man then as his commoditie would serue began to flye drawing for the most part towards that place wherein an houre before they had passed in great mirth and brauings and full of hope to obtaine the victorie trauersing their Camp which was now alreadie sacked and rased by the enemies wherein there was nothing remaining but onely their footsteps and dead bodies The Turkes seeing the flight of the Hungars thinking it to bee but some stratagem or else feeling themselues wearie of the fight continued a long time at a stay in so much that they did not pursue them in respect
elsewhere vsed the like crueltie Amongst such miseries there happened one extreame and vnnaturallaccident the like whereof was neuer heard before and this it was that the poore and wretched mothers buried aliue their sucking Infants for feare themselues should be discouered by their crying and they poore babes dyed whilst their mothers being in no better saftie dispersed themselues heare and there to auoyde the tyrannie of the Infidels The enemie proceeded euen vnto the lake of Balator and in passing by they fired the citie of the fiue Churches which was all burnt onely the Castell and the faire Temple reserued Whilest the execution of this vnfortunate Battaile and of all those which we haue recited was in doing the Vayuode was almost at Segedin with all the forces of Transiluania who not being able with all his troupes to march with that expedition as he would and desiring notwithstanding to be at this battaile which as he vnderstood could not in any sort be deferred he being in a swift and light Coach and followed with few men in the like wagons went in the greatest haste he could to seeke the King Counte Christopher was also arriued at Zagrabia One part of the Bohemians which came to succour the King were about Iauerine and the rest were not farre from Alberegalis George Marquese of Brandenburg and the Chauncellor of Bohemia named Adam Newhuis were about the same quarter The Queene vnderstanding this vntimely newes of such an vnfortunate ouerthrow suddenly retired her selfe with the Bishop of Vesprimia Alexis Thurson and the Popes Nuntio to Poson which the Hungars name Presburge and transported the best and richest of her mouables by Danubius not yet knowing any thing of the death of the King her husband These moueables and other goods which appertained to the citizens of Buda were rifled and some of them staied by Andrew Orbancz who commaunded the Castle of Strigonium which at this day is called Gran. Neuerthelesse he that writeth this historie and reciteth this vile and infamous outrage doth greatly erre when he added to it that certaine of his light horsemen who are commonly called Vssarons behaued themselues towards the Queenes maides otherwise then their honours required for that in a meriment they put off their shooes to daunce with them The Emperour Soliman soiourning there a certaine time where the battaile was fought and after hauing reunited together all his companies the which he had sent here and there to ruinate and spoyle the countrie set forward towards Buda and there within sixe or seuen nights hee arriued himselfe marching along the shore of Danubius fiering all the townes boroughes and villages by the which he passed He found this towne forsaken of all the garrison and caused it to bee fired not any thing being exempted from the violence therof but the Castle and the Kings stables and the house of wilde beasts From thence the Turke sent many horsemen to spoyle and rob the countrie on this side the riuer They put all to fire and sword whom they met betweene Danubius and the Lake of Balator euen vnto Iauarine The Castle notwithstanding of Strigonium was cowardly left by Andrew Orbancz of whom wee haue spoken before neuerthelesse it was valiantly defended and preserued by a man of base and seruile condition and who a little before lead to the warre the footmen of the Chapter of the great Church of the towne called Mathieu Nagh he being retired thither with a few men The Fortresse of Vissegrade wherein the royall Crowne was alwaies kept was also saued by the Peasants and Friers it being forsaken of the souldiours so greatly was euery man amazed at the Turkes comming vnto Buda These strong places which we haue noted together with those of Thata Comora and Alberegalis were not forced of the enemie for that he I know not by what counsell did content himselfe onely to spoyle the countrie and little respected to assaile the Castles and strong holds As these Barbarians did exercise their enormious cruelties in euery corner so there was no place in Hungarie where they had more resistance then at Maroth by Strigonium This was a fine place of retyre and pleasantly seated belonging to the Archbishop of Strigonium situated in the midst of those Forrests which we name Wiertesies with which it is compassed about Into the said place certaine thousands of Hungars retired themselues with their wiues and children trusting vpon the straight and narrow passages which were strongly shut vp With those the enemie often came to handy strokes and alwaies they receiued the worst and were put to the foile In the end the Turks seeing by no meanes they could force the barracado which the Hungars had made with their wagons they were constrained to bring thither their artillerie by meanes wherof al those wagons other such defences were broken ouerthwrone to the ground and almost all the people put to the sword The great heapes of bones which is to be seene at this day in that place doth sufficiently witnes the greatnes of the massacre the which as those few reporte that escaped was 25000. persons one and other And he who would account the whole number of those which had bin slaine violently put to death retained prisoners or that remained in captiuitie I dare well affirme according to that which I haue vnderstood they were wel neere 200000. That part of Hungarie on this side the riuer from the mouth of Drauus vnto Iauerine being thus spoyled and harried with the Infidels as wee haue said not without the great astonishment of the neighbour countries adioyning others further remote and euen of those of Vienna Soliman also causing a bridge to be made ouer Danubius which reached to Pesthe the 14. day after hee was arriued at Buda transported his men to the other side of Hungarie where he made the like waste as he made on this side The end of the first Booke THE SECOND BOOKE OF THE HISTORIE OF HVNGARIE THE ARGVMENT OF THE SECOND BOOKE AFter that the Hungarians were thus ouerthrowne Solyman inuesteth Iohn Zapoly who was Vayuode of Transiluania in the kingdome of Hungarie and then he returned to Constantinople whereupon Ferdinand of Austria pretending title to that kingdome and seeing he could not obtaine it by peace entreth thereinto with a great armie and Iohn forsaketh Buda and retireth into Transiluania is pursued by Ferdinandoes forces and ouerthrowne who then flyeth into Polonia and Ferdinand is crowned King of Hungarie Iohn seeketh aide of Solyman who vndertaketh his defence whereupon Ferdinand sendeth to Solyman for peace but he denounceth warre against him and entreth into Hungarie with a puissant armie who taketh Buda and Altenburg and besiegeth Vienna from whence he is repulsed and discouraged by the gallant exploytes and resolution of the assieged and in the end retireth from thence Many hostilities passe betweene Ferdinand and Iohn and after an agreement made betweene them Iohn dyeth and left a sonne named
being come to him to honour him the more in this voyage as was fitting to their Vayuode and supreame Bishop and especially vnderstanding that this was to goe before Gritty These men together with Emerics traine ranged in the middest of a field seemed in a manner a good armie This wonderfully moued the tyrannicall spirit of Gritty who ambitiously aspired to haughtie attempts and probably to the vsurpation of that Countrie considering that the authoritie of that Bishop might molest and frustrate the greatest part of his deseignes and imagining that it was necessarie to parlie with him in the plaine field with an appointed battaile as it were against his professed enemies For this cause after Gritty had dined not being able any longer to smother the vehemencie of his cholor arrogancie he tooke his hat off his head which was agglated and made of Martens Sables after the Turkish manner and with a swelling pride cast it on the ground saying That that hat could not serue for two heads since it was so necessarie that but one alone should haue the vse thereof and threatning all those who would not obey to his commaund he put it on his head againe By these and such like speeches Iohn Doce tooke occasion to reuenge himselfe vpon Emeric and answered him thus Truly Seigniour Gritty a man cannot better applie this which you haue said to any thing then to this Realme which by no meanes can tolerate two Lords nor two gouernours And I assure you by the liuing God that you can neuer vse your puissant and magnificall authoritie so maiestically as long as Emeric shall remaine aliue against whom you ought this day to maintaine the authoritie and royaltie of Solyman and your selfe I now perceiue by this his insolencie which I haue long before knowne what this cruell beast Emeric is the boldnes and pride of whom if you please shall soone bee abated and I will make him lie full low as he well deserueth for that he so peremptorily refuseth obedience to Solyman and that dareth to despise thy name manifesting thereby that he rather aspireth to make himselfe an absolute King then to maintaine the dignitie of a Vayuode Therefore it is necessarie by some deuise to make him away whereby euery one may be freed from his insolencie and pride This counsaile was specially praised by Gritty who incouraged him to execute it And the better and in more safetie to attaine to the period of his enterprise he caused to bee giuen vnto him by Vrbain Batian a good troupe of Hungarish horse And although it is said that Gritty commaunded not Doce to kill Emeric but onely to take him prisoner and that afterward he might send him chained to Constantinople to the grand Seigniour minding to create in his place Hierome Lasky Vayuode who then was with him and by whom as wee haue before recited the affayres of King Iohn was greatly furthered neuerthelesse the common bruite was that Gritty by enuie and the false suggestion which was reported to him gaue commaund to Doce to kill him feining of his part an intent but to goe and visite him Thus Doce secretly in the night dislodged and came on a sudden to the Campe of Emeric being a little before aduertised by his spyes that Emeric was without guard or any feare being lodged in the fields vnder the shadow of trees to auoyde the heat which then was and that he was accustomed to lye alone in his Tent onely with the groomes and pages of his chamber and all the rest of his people dispersed in cōmodious places as euery man found it most profitable to himselfe little distrusting any treacherie thinking that they should the next morning haue time enough considering the distance of places to assemble themselues before they should encounter with Gritty This little mistrust of Emeric increased the courage of Doce and gaue him good hope to execute his diuellish enterprise Whilest that Bishop Emeric dreamed not on such vnhappie and miserable fortune which by the wickednes of another vntimely happened to him he was layd vpon his bed to take his rest when suddenly Doce and his souldiours were within his Tents who before himselfe orany of his household were awaked or before any noyse or neighing of horses were heard seized presently on his bodie without hauing any reuerence to the qualitie and condition of his calling and forgetting all Christian pietie he cut off his head afterward giuing leaue to those Turkes who had accompanied him in this murther to sacke and pill all the moueables and baggage of this poore Bishop and to leade away his horses All the rest of this goodly companie being greatly astonished at this detestable accident betooke themselues to flight This being done Doce retired himselfe to Bresouia carying the head of Emeric hanging by one of the eares and presented it to Gritty who laughing did behold it with Hierome Lasky who was then with him This man stirred vp with so vilanous and infamous an act conceiued in him a great indignitie at the miserable fortune happened vnto so venerable a man But dissembling the griefe which touched him at the hart and which of a friend made him an enemy made semblance as though he little cared therefore Gritty turning himselfe to him said Seigniour Lasky doe you know this shauen head beleeue me it was the head of a great personage but yet besides ambitious and proud At these speeches Lasky oppressed both with anger and griefe at one time answered that it was then at no hand like to that which he had seene when it was aliue standing on his shoulders These words neerely touched Gritty who presently replied as one repenting himselfe of that deede and that he could not containe himselfe from shame in respect he was so vniustly put to death and that he gaue no such commaund that he should be slaine but onely taken prisoner After he caused certaine Hungarish and Turkish horsemen to seaze vpon a Castle which was reported to bee the place where his treasure was By this time the issue of this pitifull and lamentable death was diuulged into the eares of euery one in respect whereof all the nations of that prouince as Saxons Sicilians Transalpinians and Podolians who are vpon the confines of Polonia with all possible discontent felt themselues greatly outraged with griefe and assembled together against Gritty to reuenge the death of so honourable and reuerend a man and within few daies they were about 40000. men they hauing for their Commaunders Gottart a Saxon and Stephen Maillat who alwaies bore great affection and honour to Emeric and in their publike Diet condemned this foule act and detestable crueltie iudging Gritty worthie of any kinde of infamouse death and his adherents as murtherers and theeues ought to bee pursued and punnished with death Gritty vnderstanding this tumult of the Transiluanians and the great assemblie of souldiours and preparations which were determined of
Danubius and taking a couert way which was made before by King Iohn charged vpon the flankes of the Bohemians ouerthrowing all those who were before them The Turkes who were at the guard of the I le of Chep vnderstanding of this tumult caused their vessels to flote vp against those of Roccandolphs vnder the charge of Casson their Captaine who after a long fight against their enemies and seeing the disgrace of fortune which vpon all sides was poured out against our souldiours vnloosing themselues from the hands of the Turkes and being more light and swift then they began to cut the water with the force of their oares and with a speedie swiftnes saued themselues in the I le of Comar Frier George in the meane time in another part set fire on the Kings stables which were possessed by Roccandolphs people and which was full of hay which burnt so cruelly that the light thereof was seene in Pesthe and by the vehemencie thereof it seemed all Danubius had been on fire By such an vnlooked for alteration of fortune all the rest of Roccandolphs Armie hauing lost both courage and men they fled in great route and 3000. souldiours of seuerall nations who flying the crueltie of the enemie retired themselues into the Church of Saint Gerrard were all cut in peeces not sparing the life of any but those which they could sell or keepe for slaues Casson with his people and vessels pursuing them that did flie and arriuing by Pesthe gaue such a feare to the souldiours and Citizens and to those who were newly saued that presently forsaking their habitation they left him to be Master of the towne without any further impeachment Vpon his entering into this towne he committed the most horrible massacres amongst the poore inhabitants that euer was heard of and so generall was the slaughter that the bloud ran downe the streetes like a little brooke not sparing any of what degree of sexe so euer Roccandolph now seeing his Armie to be wholly discomfited was constrained to take a Brygantine and saue himselfe in the I le of Comar where within few dayes after he ended his life in the towne of Samar leauing to the Turkes with great losse of his nation victorie in which defeature besides the losse of 36. great peeces of Artillerie and 150. lesser there was slaine 25000. men not counting the infinit number of those who were made slaues Solyman who greatly desired to giue such a checke vnder the colour to aide the Queene and the Frier marched with as great diligence as he could and made verie great haste but first conceiued with himselfe to be secure of the suspition which he had of Stephen Maillat who at that time gouerned Transiluania in the name of Ferdinand against whom as we haue sayd before not willing to leaue behinde him such an enemie he sent Mustafa This man assisted with 30000. horse by Peter Vayuode of Moldauia with the Vayuodes of Transalpina and Valachia and with the men of Achomet who was Sangiac of Nicopolis together with this Armie which besides the infantrie amounted to 50000. horse set forward against Transiluania whereinto he entered by Sicilia notifying to the Transiluanians that he was not come with any intention to spoyle or destroy them but only to negotiate and treate of certaine important affaires with Vayuod Maillat against whom notwithstanding he caused his people to march Maillat seeing himselfe enuironed with so great a multitude of enemies and finding himselfe in feriour both in men and other forces and being out of hope to haue that aide which Ferdinand promised him by reason of his late ouerthrow before Buda doubting of that which afterward happened determined with himselfe to retire to Fogar a Castle in Transiluania which by reason of scituation and art being marueilous strong and defensible was presently enuironed by Mustafaes Armie and furiously battered with Artillerie But the enemies seeing neither by 1000. assaults which in vaine they had attempted nor by any force they could win it aduised with Achomet to vse some cunning and deceit to effect his enterprise whereupon they sent to Maillat perswading him by all effectuall reasons that he should yeeld himselfe to Solyman and to seeke this reputation and fauour rather to be in the number of his friends then of his enemies and from whom he could not chuse but hope for infinite clemencie and many great fauours they further assuring him that he would freely leaue him the degree of Vayuodship with the whole seignorie of that prouince and that he would demaund of him no other thing but a certaine reasonable and honest tribute and besides they perswaded certaine Transiluanians to goe and negotiate with him about this busines if they would haue peace and quietnes betweene them and aboue all they should endeauor that he might come to parley with them because if he did otherwise they would with fire and sword in the worst sort they could make war vpon them These messengers endeauored so far that they entered into Fogar and conferred with Maillat of all that which they had incharge greatly importuning him with earnest entreaties that if he respected the loue and good of the whole countrie he would not refuse so honest and large conditions of peace nor yet contemne the friendship which in the name of Solyman was liberally offered to him Maillat although he reposed no trust in the words of Mustafa and Achomet in respect of their inconstancie nor in those of the Moldauian who seemed to be the onely meanes neither in like sort in the offers which were offered to him thought notwithstanding not altogether to dispise the conditions of peace and promised to come forth and offer himselfe to Mustafa if Achomet would giue his sonne for pledge But it was refused by Achomet saying that he had alreadie giuen him to Solyman and that he was not now in his gouernment therefore he could not dispose of him without his commaundement but in place of him and that he should thinke himselfe well satisfied he would giue him foure principall Captaines of his Caualarie for hostages and performance of his faith which offer Maillat refused But the earnest entreaties of the Transiluanians who perswaded him to goe tooke such effect in him that like a good Captaine and faithfull to his Countrie careles of all future mishaps which might befall him for the generall and common good of all he was content to accept of this offer and he good man as one ignorant of the sinister fortune and treason which was wrought against him after he had receiued the hostages went forth with a goodly companie to the Turkes Campe he being conducted to Mustafa and Achomet of whom he was honourably receiued And for the more commodious treating of such things as should bee concluded vpon betweene them vpon the conditions which were offered to him the parley was deferred vntill another day and vpon that day the Moldauian inuited him to dinner
such a brauado went himselfe to view the place and to see if he could take it by assault with intent to leaue nothing behinde that hereafter might annoy him But he seeing it was more strong then he tooke it to be and that it was of no small importance by reason of that passage and being needfull to haue Cannons to batter it whereof hee was altogether vnprouided was forced without doing any other thing to depart leauing there Counte Felix and Counte Iohn Baptista of Arco who then led the rereward to continue the siege with their Germanes and to batter it with foure field peeces and two small Culuerins which they brought with them with intent to proue them if through feare they would yeeld Which thing the Counte performed by straightning the besieged and battering it as he was commaunded Whilest Counte Felix was thus busied about this place Castalde proceeded on his iourney with the rest of his armie and lodged by a towne named Colosuar from whence he sent to the Counte 300. Haquebuziers of Spaniards to be at the siege of Dalmas The Queene being perswaded by the Frier to accord with him refused not any agreement specially after she vnderstood that there should come to his ayde 10000. Spanyards and great store of Caualarie from many places euen as Fame a messenger as well of false as of true matters is accustomed to increase and multiplie in the mouthes of men sometimes stretching things beyond the compasse of trueth And knowing that he was alreadie arriued in her kingdome and that her Castle of Dalmas was besieged she was by this newes greatly troubled seeing her selfe disfurnished of souldiours and fearing to be expelled forth of her kingdome by the Frier and to lose that which she held most deare falling from the dignitie and maiestie of a Queene to the state and condition of a miserable Ladie being assured that Albe-iula wherein were her Iewels and moueables and the Crowne of Hungarie which aboue all things was specially desired of the Frier and also greatly esteemed of her could no longer hold out she willingly accepted of such an agreement as was offered her and gladly inclining thereunto commaunded those of Albe-iula to surrender the towne conditionally the goods and the rest of any worth that was therein to bee saued whereunto her people obeyed the Frier in all things that he would Whereupon hee permitted not that any souldiour should enter into the towne vntill all the Queenes moueables were carried out and to the end they might be carried to the place where she desired he prouided them of many waggons for the more commodious carrying of their baggage Presently vpon the taking of this towne hee failed not speedily to send aduertisement to Castalde of all that which had happend vntill then and withall sent to him a certaine Comissarie to guide and direct him through the passages of the countrie and to march with his armie towards Egneth where hee might at pleasure commodiously lodge and refresh his Campe certaine daies the place being very pleasant and abounding in victuals Castalde being there arriued hee was lodged with the Spanyards within the towne and disposed the Caualarie and the rest of the souldiours in places conuenient thereabout whereby they might keepe euery man in the greater securitie attending there a certaine time to finde the meanes to ioyne with the Frier who after the taking of Albe-iula went to see the Queene and gaue her notice of the comming of Castalde further perswading her to commaund those of Dalmas that they should yeeld to him and not hold out any longer against them which did besiege it nor against the Artillerie which greatly endamaged them especially considering that she very well knew that granting to their accord this Fortresse should become hers The Queene consented to it for two causes the one that she might not see those within the Castle so greatly oppressed for the loue and affection they bore to her and the place to fall in decay and ruine the other to the end that the Counte for the hope which the Frier gaue him might not by the losse of his people receiue any detriment and for that respect hee might not shew himselfe too cruell towards her people Thus by reason of such feare she gaue commaund to all the souldiours of Dalmas to yeeld They following this commaund failed not to surrender the place into Counte Felix possession euen at the same instant when a myne was almost finished to haue blowen it vp in stead of the Cannon and withall to haue giuen a fierce assault As this Castle was yeelded and Castalde remained at Egneth the Frier came to conferre with him who although hee was councelled to come vnlooked for into the place where he was lodged yet was it not done so secretly but it was discouered halfe an houre before his comming Castalde hauing notice therof presently went forth of the towne well accompanied to meete him the Frier comming in his Coach drawne with eight great horses as he was vsually wont to ride there being in his company for his guard more then 400. horse the most part of whom were Gentlemen and Knights and of the principall and chiefe of the kingdome hauing besides 200. Harquebuziers In this equipage the Frier approaching Castalde presently descended his Coach and mounted vpon a well paced horse which alwaies he caused to beled with him and comming to Castalde he imbraced him very kindly manifesting what infinit content he receiued at his comming there passing betweene them a thousand speeches full of curtesie and shewing exceeding honour one to another After which salutations betweene them the Frier turning himselfe towards Aldene Master of the Campe and other Spanish Captaines who also were there present entertaining them with many friendly and kinde speeches hee made it knowne to them what singular comfort he receiued in seeing them so safely arriued and conducted thither After all these friendly salutations they entered together into the towne and went directly to Castaldes lodging where after they were refreshed and had discoursed together of many important things Castalde shewed him the letters of Ferdinand acquainting him with the authoritie and commaund that his Maiestie would he should haue in managing these affayres of the kingdome in the administration and rule whereof he was expressely charged to obey and submit himselfe to his iudgement considering that for the time to come all things should passe through his hands as alreadie they had vntill then done yeelding to him all authoritie to dispose of things at his pleasure knowing that such was the will of Ferdinand from whom hee had expresse commaund to content and gratifie him in any thing which should please and satisfie his liking Whereof the Frier was exceeding glad and thought himselfe well apayd as well in respect of Castalde himselfe as also for the honour which was done him and of the fayre words which in the name of Ferdinand was reported to
by reason thereof was made him great feasts and sports and how some brought letters from Rome to his Maiestie by which in the first creation of Cardinals the Pope promised to include and create Frier George in the number Ferdinand vnderstanding that the Basha of Buda laboured thus that hee might increase his armie did besides the people which he sent into Transiluania reenforce the garrisons which were on the frontiers of Hungarie for feare that the Basha turning his course on that quarter yet should he not bee so soone master thereof as he imagined Whereupon he dispatched Andrew Branday with a Regiment of 3000. Germanes and Charles Seheretin a Lord of Slesia with 400. horse the most part whereof were men of armes and the rest Pistoliers all vnder the conduct of the Marquesse Sforce Palauicin who then was Comissarie generall of the Campe. Being all arriued at Varadine they soiourned there a time attending that which Castalde would command them He seeing that by no meanes he could depart out of the kingdome without giuing the Frier great suspition of him sent to tell the Marquesse Sforce that with the people which hee brought out of Germanie hee should come and ioyne with him where he was and in the meane time he leauing in Albe-iula one companie of Germanes another at Sassebesse and two at Sibinio it being the greatest and most important towne of Transiluania with those fewe Spanyards which hee brought with him and the rest of the Germanes he departed to goe and ioyne with the Frier And then he vnderstood that the Belerbey had alreadie passed Tibiscus with a great armie of 80000. men as well Infantrie as Caualarie as the Spies and those who secretly had knowledge of his Campe reported and that hee brought with him 50. peeces of Artillerie great and small for batterie and with this warlike traine hee held on his course to Themesuar The Belerbey hauing thus passed Tibiscus presently commaunded Lozonse that hee should without any further delay in the name of the Grand Seigniour presently yeeld this towne to him and that if he would not he protested to race it stone from stone and also both himselfe and those who were with him to bee put to the sword and that he would execute this according to the expresse command which he had thereof without any mercie or fauour And on the contrarie that if liberally and of his owne good will he would yeeld it into his hands besides the guerdon and assured recompence which hee should finde hee would vse all curtesie and fauour which according to fayre warres was accustomably vsed to valiant and gallant souldiours and by that meanes hee should assuredly winne the friendship of the Grand Seigniour whose fauour he should neuer want Lozonse at this proud summons answered him thus That that towne belonged to the King of the Romanes and that in his behalfe hee would vndoubtedly keepe and defend it to the death acknowledging no other rightfull King nor Grand Seigniour of that Prouince but he and that it were farre better discretion for him to retire backe againe then to proceede with this crueltie to destroy the poore commons and countrie which were none of his and ouer whom he had not any mite of interest and therefore hee held it safest for him and his traine quietly to depart and let those liue in peace who did not any thing offend or annoy him The Belerbey seeing the gallantnes of Lozonse he made him no other answer but onely sent to him by writing these foure verses taken out of Virgil. Ante leues ergo pascentur in aethere cerui Et freta destituent nudos in littore pisces Ante pererratis amborum finibus exul Aut ararim Parthus bibet aut Germania Tygrim Minding thereby to demonstrate that Harts should rather bruze in the ayre the fishes forsake the sea a banished man see the ende of the world a Parthean drinke vp the riuer Saone or a Germane the riuer Tygris rather then hee would returne from his intended course And so proceeding on his iourney he came before a little Castle which standeth almost vpon the passage of the riuer and is named as is aboue said Becche and there in camped himselfe before it and seeing it would not yeeld he began so rudely to batter it with tenne Cannons that the greatest part of the wall fell to the ground Whereat the besieged being greatly astonished and perceiuing themselues cast away because the whole Castle was broken downe and layd open they presently yeelded to the Belerbey with this condition only that their liues might bee saued who obseruing no promise towards them were notwithstanding slaine by the Ianisaries who after they were come forth of 200. men left not one aliue the Captaine excepted whom the Belerbey with great difficultie saued Going from thence with one part of his armie and two double Cannons hee came before another Castle named Becherech which being astonished at the late misfortune happened to Becche without induring the force of the Cannon they presently yeelded This Castle being thus rendered the Belerbey speedily with all his armie marched directly to another Castle named Senath otherwise Chinath before which he made a stand with al his squadrons to see if they would yeeld and whilest he was occupied about these attempts the Rhatians of Ferdinands part seeing the Turks Campe approched with great force and violence and thinking Ferdinands power deferred too much time before they came into the field they all perswading themselues that it was neither shame nor dishonour to breake their words and othes which they swore to the King although they had receiued pay they wholly retired to the Belerbey sending to him for his greater assurance their wiues and children and that because the Turkes are not accustomed to repose ouer much trust in them knowing their extreame inconstant dispositions After he had entertained these Rhatians he caused those of Senath to bee tempted to some agreement promising them that if they would yeeld he would preserue both their honours and liues and he would permit that peaceably euery man should enioy their owne proper goods Vpon which condition they yeelded and the Castle came vnder his commaund and leauing therein a good garrison he speedily marched towards Lippa which was tenne miles distant from thence leauing behinde him Themesuar which then he would not besiege but reserued that enterprise vntill better oportunitie and performed no other thing but diligently obserued the situation and commodities thereabouts and after that proceeded on his iourney Euery one was of opinion that hee meant not to enterprise any thing against this towne because that hee was certainly informed there was a strong garrison within it and that it was sufficiently munitioned and fortified insomuch that hee esteemed the exployte very difficult and perhaps he supposed he should neuer get it Thus leauing the siege thereof vntill a more commodious and fit time he thought it more
succours he sent Iohn Turky with 4000. horse and Charles Scheretin with his 400. men of armes to possesse the other side of the riuer Marosse by which passage might come the ayde which he expected from the Basha of Buda and the Belerbey and by which place also he might haue some hope to saue himselfe And thus ioyntly with the Frier who that day performed the acts of an expert and valiant Captaine he prouided for all things which were necessarie now riding on this side then on the other as one that perfectly vnderstood the proceedings of martiall affaires who failed not to consider of all accidents which might befall him in any respect whatsoeuer thinking on fit meanes to remedie the same On the other side Oliman lost no time but animating his people he effected that the besieged fighting couragiously endured a very sore assault which was for foure houres very bloodie on both sides in which the Turkes did not any thing yeeld to our people Certaine Captaines of those who were the first that mounted vp the breach with Iulian de Carleual seeing the Turkes so brauely defended themselues and that it was now growing late and not minding to see so many as they had alreadie lost to be cast away aduertised Castalde that their aduice was to sound a retraict seeing the fight had so long time endured and that therein the Turkes had made a great slaughter of our people Castalde returned them present answer that they should firmely maintaine the fight and that they should remember that the assault which in former time they had giuen to Dure had in like sort continued foure houres and that by any meanes howsoeuer they should not faile but that the towne might bee taken that night and if they entered not that night besides the losse of their reputation which is a thing of speciall importance in feates of warre they should put themselues in daunger to leaue there that glorie with losse of their liues which in resisting would assuredly shroud them from such sinister accidents and that further he plainly saw how the retraict would be farre more dangerous then the entering At this time Frier George couered then with a greene cassocke by which he hid his habit for feare of being knowne by the enemies and Counte Thomas Nadasdy came together to the assault and to the quarter where the Germanes and Spaniards were mingled with other nations who animating them said that they should couragiously force themselues to enter into the towne to reuenge the blood of their friends who yet fresh before their eyes had been cruelly slaine and wounded and in many places pitifully ouerthrowne by the Turkes Whilest these two on the one side animated the souldiours Castalde on the other side perceiued that the Caualarie which Oliman had ordered in a squadron by the breach began to recoyle and retire backe which was a likelihood they could not any longer resist and that they should be either forced to flie or presently to yeeld He taking hold of this oportunitie commaunded presently that the 200. men of armes of Ourestolf should dismount from their horses and that one part of them taking the Target and Cutlace and the other the Pike should force the breach He had also before appointed that all the straglers of the Campe only armed with the Hatchet a la Hungresque should goe to that hill which commaunded the towne in forme of a Caualier and that there with some brauing shew they should make a view and front of souldiours whereby the Turkes seeing them they would iudge them to be souldiours indeede who came to assaile that part of the wall which was opposite to them these people made a shew of an infinit number of men Castalde then presently sent to the Captaine that commaunded them that instantly when hee should see the assault renued that then he should descend from the hill with all his people and with the cries and shrikings vsuall to that nation he should directly march to the wall of the towne to giue although not effectuall yet at the least in shew a feare of a cruell assault That done he went where he had caused those men of armes to dismount themselues who were readie to goe to the breach and said to them enter enter my companions the houre is now come which will make vs together with this victorie very glorious These speeches so kindled the heart and courage of euery man that the Turkes when they expected our men would haue retired seeing them come with greater courage to the breach then before and also perceiuing the others who at the same instant with great cries descended from the hill directly towards them they began so faintly to abate their courage that presently losing all heart and valour they suffered our people to enter into the towne some at the breach and others in other places with a great throng and presse of our Vauntgard which then was conducted by the Marquesse Sforce Palauicin who at the same time also behaued himselfe valiantly in the fight as in all other his former actions he had done discharging the Artillerie so effectually against the towne that it was an incredible thing Captaine Iohn Viglioa was the first that mounted vpon the wall and presently he was seconded by Francis de Salcede who bore his Colours and who was onely remaining all the rest being taken away at the first assault by the Turkes Carleual was also one of the first vpon the breach and in like sort entered many of the Hungars and other souldiours who were the first that aduanced themselues at the breach vpon which was seene more then 1200. dead Turkes All the Ianisaries who were the last that shronke or retired and the other who remained aliue with Oliman began with such feare and so tumultuously to flie to the Castle that it was a marueilous thing to see those men so vilely forsake and disperse themselues that had before so gallantly defended their liues by the space of more then fiue houres Ferdinands people being entered into the towne they found not any Turke who durst lift vp his sword against them but suffered themselues to be beaten downe like beasts and the noyse was so great both within and without that nothing else was heard but grieuous sighings and groanes of those who gaue vp the ghost and such a confused medly of others who not finding any to incounter withall crying victoria victoria kill kill did runne vp and downe through all Lippa like mad men and afterwards sacked the towne The Turkes who were on horsebacke thinking to saue themselues forsooke the towne and they fell into the ambuscado of those horses which as we haue aforesaid were for that purpose sent by Castalde to guard the riuer and there by these horsemen they were miserably disordered and the greatest part of them slaine The remainder willing to auoyde this bloodie perill fell into another the like or more great and for
by vs in this warre and no doubt he will let vs possesse this tranquiltie and peace which is so vehemently desired of euery one Therefore I earnestly desire you that well considering of my words you would follow my counsell and imbrace this my good intention which is sincerely spoken for the publike good and that you would not through any ambition seeke to put Oliman and his people to death or retaine them prisoners because that when you haue put them all to the sword yet can you not cleere your selues neither of hate nor further trauaile considering that the Grand Seigniour hath no want of other men and forces hauing fifteene miles from hence more then 40000. men readie to reuenge their deaths and as I am certainly informed by a friend which euen at this time is come to me from their Campe that the Belerbey and Basha of Buda will within a short time come to assaile vs which if it proueth to be so what then shall become of vs what hope of kindnes can we expect hauing not vsed any curtesie towards their people Therefore we iudge it better for vs not to bee found besieging of them knowing this that besides all kinde of horrible and cruell death they will reuenge vpon our heads and deare friends their mens blood which we haue shed We may auoyde and suppresse these cruelties by our clemencie and milde proceedings and may thereby make him of an enemie to become gentle tractable and gratious there being not in this world any glorie more extolled and recommended then that which is gotten in hauing compassion of an enemie who feeleth himselfe reduced to the extreamitie of his honour and life neither is there any magnanimitie more illustrious then to pardon those whose liues are in the victors power to dispose of At these speeches of the Frier Gastalde as the chiefe and principall man among them made this effectuall replie It was not needfull that you most reuerend Sir should haue sent not few moneths since to the Emperour Charles the 5. to promise him vpon your faith that you would alwaies be as well fauourable to the Christians as on the other side a cruell and mortall enemie to the Turkes neither was it in like sort necessarie that you should desire Ferdinand King of the Romanes to send you succours and deliuer this kingdome of Transiluania from the tyrannicall oppression of the common enemie if you would haue vsed these courses which now with a dishonourable reputation I see you practise And although that Ferdinand did not any thing doubt of your inconstancie hauing before too truly had experience thereof yet neuerthelesse not taking regard to this your sudden alteration he was willing to assemble this armie together and against the opinion counsell of many to send it to your ayd And this force hath been such that not onely it hath holpen this kingdome and you your selues from the tyrannie of Infidels but also it hath recouered a great part of the countrie which by force and treacherie was vsurped by them Now what occasion moueth you being victorious and hauing put your enemies to flight wittingly to bring your selues into thraldome and with shame procure that wee and all you the rest should bee subiect to those which wee now detaine prisoners and are constrained to yeeld themselues to our discretion and to intreate vs that we should recommend our selues to him who is the capitall enemie not onely of our libertie but also of our holy and inuiolable faith and to manifest so great cowardlines by fearefull words to those who to our great glorie manifesting our couragious hearts we haue ouercome and tamed and especially at this time who as it were quite cast away betake themselues to such infamous compositions that they shew themselues vnworthie of life as assuredly they would esteeme of you if you had bin vanquished by them manifesting thereby that they are not worthie to be heard of so noble and honourable personages as these Lords here present and all these nations which are about vs who not long since for their countrie honour life libertie and freedome from so horrible captiuitie haue shed so much blood that Marosse ranne coloured of another hew What should auaile this famous reputation which with so many trauailes so many hazards and with the death of so many valiant persons hath been atchieued if now by a cowardly composition you would let it be lost Doe you not see that in yeelding to those who are you prisoners you will wholly lose your boldnes hereafter to dare the enemie to the fight neither shall you bee able at any time to make warre vpon them for that they will alwaies presume to hold you in so great subiection and little esteeme that tenne of them will not feare to assaile an hundred of you in which you will the rather assure them in respect of your fearfulnes and so the conclusion will be that of vanquishers you are like to become vanquished I would gladly know what doth incite and incourage souldiours if it be not glorie and reputation and to gaine therewith by their trauaile and industrie honour renowne and recompence And now that with great admiration you haue atchieued it and brought to happie end this warre would you with your great shame and losse leaue to the enemie this triumphant victorie and reputed fame which in euery place will raise you vp to the heape of all honour and praise What will the Christians mutter among themselues if not but that you haue been fearefull to see the Turkes in your power and that you rather haue fled away then had the courage to detaine them prisoners Doe you not thinke you Hungarians Saxons and Sicilians that the palme of victorie shall be giuen to the Spanyards Germanes and Bohemians and that in stead hereof you shall be noted of infamie suffering so shamefully the enemie to depart and to haue accepted of so cowardly a composition which they demaund of you cleerely thereby manifesting to euery one the feare which you conceiue of him Alas my Lords remember your fathers children brothers and kindred who haue been miserably slaine or fastned in chaines by these Turkes and thinke vpon your wiues which not without your great dishonor haue been violently carried away and rauished by those whom you now hold in your seruitude and if for the premised causes you will not vse to them the rigour of iustice eitherin killing or detaining them prisoners as at this present they hold your children brothers and friends yet at the least make them acknowledge that their liues liberties their armes horses and Ensignes are at your mercie and dispose which if you will needes graunt them these things yet let them acknowledge by speciall grace and fauour to haue receiued them of you and not by a forced constraint or by some certaine feare And neuer respect any false or fained aduertisements nor threats which are bruted of the Bashaes and Belerbeys comming for that he
and knee betweene both hindered that the groome could not shut it The Marquesse keeping himselfe firmely there the Secretarie in the meane time approached Frier George who was in his shirt and night-gowne he vsing no other circumstances to apparell him but onely came presently out of his bed and leaning then on the table vpon which he had a little Clocke a Breuiarie and a booke of his notes with an Inkehorne by The Secretarie told him that the Marquesse Sforce was to goe to the Court of Ferdinand and before his departure he was come to kisse his hands and would know his pleasure if he would commaund him any seruice that being said he put into his hands the letters and patents aforesaid to seale them After that the Frier had perused them and taking penne and inke to subscribe his name the Secretarie not omitting any time with a poynard which secretly he had he gaue him a stab betweene the throate and the breast but not so deepe that it was mortall The Frier being greatly amazed herewith and comming to himselfe againe and saying Virgo Maria he pulled the dagger out of his breast and for that he was a man of great strength and of a bolde resolution he made the Secretarie retire to the end of the table The Marquesse being very attentiue hearing this bruite entered presently into the chamber and laying hand vpon his sword gaue him so great a blow vpon the head that he cleaued it Whereupon all the rest entering with Captaine Lopez discharged their Harquebuzes vpon him which the Frier seeing said no other thing but these words in Latin What meaneth this my friends and saying Iesus Maria he fell dead to the ground Behold now the end of the proudest and insolentest man in the world and the greatest and closest Tyrant that euer liued God permitting that he should in that very place end his daies which he had caused to be built vpon the foundations of an ancient Church and Monestarie of religious persons which for that occasion he caused to be defaced and pulled down for the ruine whereof his death was foretold vnto him by the Abbot of that place And neither could his authoritie wisedome nor great wealth protect him from the action of so miserable an end whereinto his daies being almost come to a period he suddenly fell The bruite ranne that this death inflicted on him was rather by the enuie and malice of those who hated him then by any act which he was culpable in for that the defence which he vndertooke for Olimans protection and safetie tended to no other end as was afterward perceiued and as wee shall hereafter more at large treate of but that by such curtesie vsed to Oliman and his people he might pacifie the Turkes furie and cause them to abstaine from further oppression of Transiluania and suffer euery one to liue peaceably This wee are sure on that all those which were actors of his death in time fell into great misfortunes The Marquesse Sforce within a while after was ouerthrowne and taken prisoner by the Turkes who inflicted great torments vpon him Captaine Monin was beheaded at S. Germanes in Piemont Marc Anthonie Ferraro in anno 1557. was also beheaded in Alexandria by the Cardinall of Trent his commaund Another was quartered by the Frenchmen in Prouence Cheualier Campeggio in anno 1562. was in the presence of the Emperour Ferdinand mortally wounded with a Bore in Bohemia And the conclusion was that in the end Transiluania remained not long vnder the obeysance of his Maiestie but returned vnder the gouernment of yong King Iohn so that the death of Frier George was more offensiue and preiudicial to the Christians then profitable as we will hereafter in his due place mention Returning then to the pursuite of our historie whilest these were busied about their execution Castalde was walking vpon the Castle wall to giue colour to their proceedings and there to expect the issue of this bloodie enterprise Being now assured that the Frier was dead he presently came downe and went to the Castle gate where suddenly with his souldiours which were entered into it and other gentlemen which he had with him he caused all the Aiduchs who then were appointed for the guard of it to goe foorth who hearing the bruite which was within and seeing the Spanyards in battaile without and that the Frier their Lord was dead they so suddenly were amazed that without betaking themselues to armes they most willingly fled and departing in this manner aduertised the Friers guards who were at the bridge on the other side of the Castle of what had happened This exploite being now finished Castalde doubting that many of the Friers friends would depart whereupon he presently went forth to finde Francis Chendy Ference who was alreadie in his Coach to bee gone and taking him by the hand he desired him to stay And surely if hee had not then at that instant staied him he would haue fallen into a great daunger for that he was one of the greatest friends Frier George had and hee was of that might within the Realme as he could stirre them vp against the souldiours of Ferdinand to be reuenged of the Friers death Hee hauing thus staied him brought him to the place where the Spanyards and Germanes were among whom he placed him to see what would become of this tumult that the gentlemen and seruants of the Friers would make and specially his guard who mounted all on horsebacke and gathered together in the field hauing for their Captaine Paul Bancchy who at the siege of Lippa was the Friers Lieutenant They being thus all ranged in battaile in a plaine began among themselues to deliberate what was best to bee done and being acertained of the Friers death made no other semblance against Castalde doubting they could not make their partie good in respect he had an infinit companie of men with him and that this murther was not done without great intelligence for which cause esteeming they could not greatly preuaile but rather receiue more losse and damage they resolued for the present to obscure this reuenge in silence and reserue the chastisement thereof vntill a more conuenienter time And so this assemblie was discomfited euery man taking his neerest and safest way leauing their masters dead bodie to bee a pray and spoyle and vnburied It remained there many daies aboue ground all naked and without light there being not any who respected to couer or burie him being so stiffe with cold that he seemed as a man made out of Marble hauing in the head breast and armes many wounds vpon which was yet remaining the blood all frozen which to say truly was an obiect worthie of compassion and on the other side it was very execrable and enormious to see so great a personage so vily left without buriall by those who God knoweth for what cause had practised his death In the end by some of his
hee could take that Castle which in respect of the situation and strength thereof would require sixe times as great a power that hee had sent them those succours that hee demaunded which he would not haue done but onely to the end that none should accuse him that because he had not sent them this Fortresse could not bee wonne further assuring himselfe that time would witnes his iudgement true and make the detriment to appeare which was very probable would happen thereupon and this he was so much the rather perswaded of for that then he saw himselfe to bee in want both of men and money so that in losing those which he had now sent him he should finde himselfe out of hope vpon any occasion to reunite so many againe This done he departed from Sibinio and went and seated himselfe in Albe-iula that so he might be more neere vnto Zegedin and in the middest of the kingdome to the end that hee might the better prouide for all places and if happely the affayres succeeded well that hee might presently transport himselfe thither and giue both by his presence and by the ayde of the rest of his souldiours which he had lodged about Albe-iula vigour and courage to the enterprise But hereof there was not any neede at all for within a few daies after newes was brought that all those who were at the expedition of Zegedin were quite ouerthrowne by the Basha of Buda without knowing the particular trueth how things had passed Castalde although the displeasure which he conceiued of this defeate was exceeding great yet did he not entertaine this report as any noueltie for that from the beginning euen to the end hee well foresaw what would happen and the rather being induced thereunto in respect of the absurditie which was committed from the first which was not likely to effect any other end then such as it had Now after that besides he had more assured newes that for certaine all his people were defeated and lost for feare least the losse of Lippa and Themesuar might not follow which Aldene had left both disfurnished of souldiours and of a Commaunder he sent in post to Captaine Roderic Vigliandrando commaunding him that he should goe to Lippa and that he would send him so many men as was needfull for the defence thereof He also commanded Diego Velez de Mendoza that he should go to Themesuar with his companie leading with him besides 300. Germanes and 300. Hungarish horse and of that troupe he should send a good part thereof to Lippa and that he should be very vigilant vpon all that quarter These now marching on with tedious iourneys met many people of diuers nations who fled from about the townes of the low marches for the feare which they had of the crueltie which as they vnderstood the Basha of Buda had vsed in massacring an infinit companie of people vpon which bruite they retired in great confusion and tumult towards the mountaines But they seeing there were succours sent to the quarters from whence they were fled staied their fearefull course and by little and little regained their courages againe and being perswaded by these Captains to expell all feare and to returne againe to their houses they ceased their slight and taking hart returned with them and others went to Lippa and Themesuar where being all arriued they vnderstood how Aldene saued himselfe with all the Spanyards and Ourestolphs men of armes with a true relation of all the disaster which happened in this sort It was now alreadie eight daies that Aldene had been about the Castle of Zegedin and had enuironed it with a large trench expecting the arriuall of the Artillerie which approached with all speede when a day before Peter Vicchy arriued with those 2000. souldiours as is aforesaid and when also arriued from Canoth 100. Germane Harquebuziers 30. Spanyards and 100. horse The tenth day Aldene early in the morning caused all his people to be mustered in a field and he found his number to be 3000. horse 230. Spanyards 100. Germanes and 2000. Hungarian footmen besides the 200. men of armes of Ourestolphs who at the same time arriued Whilest that Aldene was busied to dispose and lodge them and before they were seated the Turks appeared in a plaine by Zegedin at the sight of whom the alarme was presently giuen in euery place and our men sarried close vp together They sent foorth some to take a view and notice of them who discouered a squadron of 1500. horse and many Coaches within which they might also discerne men and it was the Basha of Buda who purposely came with succours to attempt the enterance into the Castle and not to fight with our people being not sufficiently accompanied for such a purpose but he thinking he was alreadie discouered made a stand in that place where our people might well perceiue them and of his whole troupe he made two squadrons the one greater then the other causing all the Ianisaries to mount vp into the Coaches with which vpon the left hand he made a defence among whom and with the greatest squadron he placed himselfe and the lesser he set on the right hand causing those Coaches and Waggons to couer and defend both the one and the other in manner of a Rampier and being come but onely to relieue and succour his people and not to fight with our men he staied there to see what we would doe Our men seeing the Turkes thus ranged in battaile made a squadron of their Hungarian light horse and Ourestolph made another with his men of armes right opposite to that of the Basha Ottomiall and Aldene made another strong bodie of all the Infantrie which they placed by the towne without giuing them charge to fight or any other directions what to doe As these squadrons of Caualarie were before the enemies and a good distance betweene them Peter Vicchy said to Aldene What shall we now doe Aldene answered him that in respect hee knew not the manner of the Hungars fight he would commit all to him to doe what hee thought fitting Afterwards Peter Vicchy said Since you know not our manner of fight let me alone Ourestolph seeing that Aldene Generall of the armie doubted not a little of that which he had to doe being desirous of honour and couetous not to bee the second that should charge the Turkes without further consideration of the matter spurred on amaine with his men of armes against the Bashaes great squadron but because those who were in the front tooke more vpon their left hand then on their right they did not so fully incounter the said squadron in the middest but made as it were a touch alongst the side of the squadron but yet so forcibly that they ouerthrew all those that they incountred withall The Hungars did second them and charged but in the same place where the men of armes before them had attempted without disordering any This ouersight was the beginning of their
and although he was glad to see him out of this Prouince yet was he greatly perplexed in his minde fearing that he would march directly towards Agria because that that was a towne of little strength but yet of great importance notwithstanding he had a special hope of this that Mahomet would first before he came to Agria make some stay before Zaluoch for that he would not leaue it behinde him and he thought that this Castle would defend it selfe from his crueltie because it was so well munitioned impregnable so that he assured himselfe that Mahamet should consume the greatest part of his forces during the siege there that if those within it would shew their vttermost deuoire he should be forced rather to retire with shame and losse then remaine there with profit and honour Before that Mahomet approached Zaluoch he sent 2000. horse to scoure and discouer the plaine and gather what victuals they could for his armie which stoode in some distresse for that they had passed ruinated and dispeopled Countries from whence to auoide his tyrannie all the people were fled into diuers places of safetie Some of his Vaun-currers presenting themselues before Zaluoch and being knowne to be such as they were our people sallyed forth to skirmish with them and tooke some of them who were scattered from their companie by whom they vnderstoode that Mahomet would presently come and besiege them with all his armie It happened the same day that the Turkes Vauntgard arriued a certaine Germane brusing in his lodging a little powder fire tooke holde thereof and burnt the house and almost all the Castle because that the flame being carried with the winde which then was very great dispersed it selfe into all parts and suddainely flamed for the greatest part thereof being built of wood and filled with such other things which drew fire to it from a farre and if they had not with great expedition slaked it surely all had been consumed into ashes and euen as the Vauntgard wherein Achmeth Basha was arriued the fire was quenched and then al those within put themselues in battaile and good order about the wals and with the force of Artillerie Harquebuziers they began to salute the enemy with such violence that they brake that squadron insomuch that he was forced to retire from approaching any neerer and forthwith sallying out they made a great murder amōgst the Turks The day following arriued Mahomet himselfe with all the rest of his campe lodging a good distance off and in a place where the Artillerie could not offend him and presently with a strong troupe of horse he went to view the Castle on the two sides that were not enuironed with water but onely with drie Ditches and the day following he caused all his armie to approach before that place quartering them on these two sides and they were so many in number that all the ground within that compasse was couered with them and afterward he sent by some of his people to certifie him who commaunded within that he shuld for certaine vnderstand that that place where the Castle was built appertained to the Grand Seigniour and that Ferdinand erected it in a place which was none of his and for that cause he commaunded them to yeeld it vnto him offering vpon that condition some reasonable rewards and that he would permit him with all his souldiours safely to depart with their armes and baggage further admonishing him not to be obstinate least he should plant the Artillerie for if he expected that he had sworne and protested not to make any accord with him at all but the contrary putting all to fire and sword he would without mercie murther all those who fell into his hands The Castellan made him this answer that being borne Ferdinands subiect and by him placed in this Castle and hauing sworne to him fidelitie and giuen him assurance to keepe and defend it which also he purposed to doe he could not yeeld it to him but if he would be master thereof he should winne it by force and that he should not solicite him any more with the like friuolous messages for that he had no dread nor feare of his words and as little esteemed he of his deedes but that he should doe his vttermost and he for his part would also doe what he could to defend and maintain it desiring rather to die Ferdinands seruant thē liue Solymans friend The Basha vnderstanding of this resolute answer the day following he caused the Trenches to be made hard by the Ditches on those two sides of which we haue spoken and that not without great labour for that the Pyoners were forced to carrie the earth very farre because the place was drie and stonie and very vnfit for such a purpose And after they had finished their worke one morning before day-break he caused his Artillery to be brought into them and planted it against the Castle and began very violently to batter but the Cannon did no great harme for that the Castle was well rampierd and enuironed with earth and faggots which presently did quallifie the force of the bullet About three daies after that the Turks had continued their batterie the Germanes assembled together spake vnto the Captaine of the Spaniards and to certaine other souldiours telling them that the most part of the Hungars were alreadie on horseback and that when they thought least of it they would in the night depart and forsake them and that if they did so euery one might cleerely discerne that they were not of sufficient strength to maintaine and keep it against so great an armie as was that of the Turks and that for that cause this was their counsell that all should dislodge and endeuour to saue themselues perswading this Captaine to speake of this matter vnto him who commanded the place and was the Castellan who for that he was his friend would not refuse to hearken to him and it might be would yeeld to his opinion The Spaniards replied that as yet they saw no occasion that should moue them to depart from thence so vily and they told them that they shuld not vse any more so dishonest and infamous speeches but rather they should haue the courage to die honourably then commit so cowardly an act and that for their parts they would doe that which should seeme good to them not being willing at any time to lend their eares to such vnfitting discourses The Germanes then seeing that the Spaniards respected not their motion went to the Bohemians to acquaint them with their determination and there they caused it to finde such good entertainment that they easily drew them to their opinions whereupon they altogether went to the Castellan to tell him in few words that they would depart for that they saw the Hungars had trussed vp their baggage in their wagons and their horses were readie sadled of which they knew not the meaning except it were to begon and leaue the
parts and how he came to seeke him and with what intention Which being duly considered of he presently caused by the meanes and assistance of his friends to leauie as many men as he could making an armie of 24000. men with whom and with 36. peeces of Artillerie he went into the field lodging about Tergouista with resolution there to attend his enemie for that the place was most commodious to dispose and range his people in battaile Raoul on the other side notwithstanding all his attempts and diligence could leauy no more euen with Castaldes people then 12000. men although he had many friends and was generally the best liked of among all the Transalpinians For none durst shew him any fauour seeing he was of so weake a force and his enemie so braue and gallant euery one fearing that the issue of this enterprise would not succeede to his honour and to fall into the danger of Mirces displeasure whose horrible and execrable crueltie euery one greatly feared With these few men neuerthelesse he desisted not from marching to incounter his enemie who had for his Vauntgard 600. Turkes on horsebacke and being resolued to giue him battaile and not to bee amazed at any hand with the great preparation of his enemie he being one morning by dawning of the day arriued vpon certaine hils was discouered by the Sentinels of Mirce who then suddenly caused his people to bee ranged and ordered seeing he could by no meanes refuse the battaile and knowing that his enemies were resolutely determined to fight and although it was so that he might haue auoyded it yet would he not retire although he had some doubt and suspition to fight being aduertised that Raoul brought with him both Spaniards and Germanes which Castalde had giuen him assuring himselfe that those few souldiours which were with him were most valiant and expert and not easie to bee ouercome yea and hee did also distrust of some other succours While such thoughts were in hammering Raoul in the end made two squadrons of his armie each squadron being of 5000. foote and 1000. horse the most part of which were Harquebuziers and causing thē to march within harquebuze shot they made a stand vpon a hill causing them in such sort to be stretched out that they made shew of 14. or 15000. men Which being perceiued by Mirce and esteeming that number to bee greater then they shewed themselues before he began to distrust himselfe of some deceit and that he had not at the first certaine intelligence commaunding his people to stand more close then ordinary when the Harquebuziers of Raoul more confusedly then disciplinarily without expecting any other commaund or signall to fight were resolued as before they promised either to ouercome or die and gaue so furious a charge vpon one of Mirces squadrons as wolues vsually doe amongst a thousand flocke of sheepe and breaking the first rankes and quashing many a Turke who as the most resolute men were in the fore rankes and vpon whom Mirce reposed his greatest confidence the others began presently to recoyle and in flying they committed such disorder that there was none amongst them who thought not flying to be his best safetie Raoul on the other side at the same instant with his Infantrie and Caualarie most fiercely entered into another squadron of his enemies horse with no lesse courage then the said Harquebuziers did and breaking the first rankes he forced the other to turne their backes being on all sides gaulled and pearced with the thicke haile of the Harquebuziers who made not any shot in vaine This flight was of so great efficacie for Raouls good that Mirces squadron seeing these two thus quite defeated being possest with feare without further expectance of the enemie bequeathed themselues so to flight confusion that happie was he that could best flie and he esteemed himselfe most fortunate who supposed that he should be saued rather then others this ouerthrow thus happening because that the greatest part of this armie was composed of men sent by the townes and Lords of the countrie who are rather fit to make a number and shadow then to winne a victorie Thus wee often see that multitudes of such who are thus rawly sent are for the most part ouercome and subdued by a lesser number of souldiours well disciplined and practised in warre who to obtaine honour refuse neither perill of sword fire nor yet death it selfe and by this wee may iudge how dangerous and pestilent feare and cowardise is in an armie and how much on the contrarie vertue and valour and the prowesse of a noble and generous courage ioyned with the force and dexteritie of the bodie are extolled by which commendable qualities wee may auoyde the detraction and infamie of this world and purchase this true glorie which beautifieth and adorneth euery one and which raised Raoul to the type of honour winning so easily thereby this victorie that it seemed it was a true miracle of Iesus Christ who to punish this tyrant an enemie of his faith iustly permitted this ruine to befall him The souldiours of Raoul seeing then that Mirces armie was quite ouerthrowne and that there were not now any who opposed themselues against them forbearing the execution and slaughter of their enemies they began to search and ransacke those who fell into their hands and they performed so much for their owne profit that euery one of them became very rich thereby All those of Mirces faction who were aliue presently ranged themselues vnder the Victors Ensigne as it is alwaies the custome of the vulgar sort to follow new fortunes and daily desire new Lords And making together a great army they determined to pursue Mirce who saued himselfe with the rest of the 500. Turkes which before is spoken of and had now passed Danubius There died in this battaile about 7. or 8000. men of Mirces part and Raoul lost about some 700. Raoul thus achieuing this notable victorie he presently got possession of all the moueables of his enemie which were said to be more worth then 200000. Duckets with which he bettered his former necessitie and recouered all his kingdome the principall Peeres thereof with all his kindred and friends came to receiue and acknowledge him for their true and liege Lord and after that they conducted him with pompe to Tergouista where friendly and willingly they all swore fidelitie to him and did him all the honours as was fitting for them Behold here the mutations and changes of fortune with which she exalteth and abaseth whom it pleaseth her and giueth example to Potentates of the world after what sort they are to dispose of their actions and how little they ought to trust in her because that throwing them to the ground they cannot esteeme any thing firme and stable A Bugeron followed Mirce and incountring with another Bugeron who was well apparelled and richly armed he killed him verely beleeuing it had been Mirce himselfe and reporting
know to be necessarie for you whereof I desire you not to feare to aduertise and solicite me In the meane time I recommend my selfe to your good fauour and prayers and humbly desire God to keepe you my Lord Cardinall in long health and happie life From Gaunt the 2. of September 1556. According to the contence of this letter Philip the only sonne of the Emperour came to his father at Scuebourg in Zeland whither from Gaunt he was come to imbark himselfe to sea There the father instructed him how he should gouerne the affayres of his States and how he should carrie himselfe to his subiects and his confederates after he had giuen him his blessing and imbraced him for the last time and dismissed all the Princes Ambassadours Gentlemen and Captaines who were there present his Maiestie the 14. of September a little before the sunne rising went aboord vnto a vessell prepared for him together with the two Queenes Elinor and Mary his sisters and being accompanied with 60. saile directed his course towards Biscay where with a fauourable winde he arriued within few daies hauing before passed the sea sixe other times He disimbarked at Larede a Port of that Prouince and there he was receiued with great honour by the Lords and Spanish gentlemen Some say that as soone as he set foote on land he kneeled downe thanking God for that in these last daies of his life he had shewed him this fauour to conduct him into this countrie which aboue all others he held alwaies most deare and by meanes whereof he was come to that high degree of the Empire attributing to it next to God in a manneral his victories and honours vsing these words As naked I came out of my mothers wombe so naked doe I returne to thee my second mother and in recompence of many merits which thou hast vsed to me I not being able for the present to bestow any other thing on thee I giue thee this my sicke bodie and these my feeble and weake bones After he had vsed these words notwithout shedding some teares he very kindly saluted all those Lords which were come thither to doe him that honour which they owed to him and after being put into his Litter he was conducted to the towne of Valladolid where was the Prince Charles his yong sonne In this towne which next to that of Tolledo is the principall towne of Spaine his Maiestie was resident a while during the which he exhorted this yong Prince to imitate the footsteps of his predecessors and charily to obserue and keepe the Christian and Catholike religion After that he went from thence into the Prouince of Estremadure to a Monestarie of S. Hieromes called the Heremite Friers situated in a very solitarie place and commodious to leade a holy life Hauing in this place giuen leaue to the two Queenes his sisters to depart and sent them backe to Valladolid this great Emperour chused there his last aboade and there ending the rest of his daies with few domestike officers giuing himselfe ouer to continuall contemplation of diuine things and forsaking all the affayres of this world he passed the rest of his time in prayer almes deedes and other charitable workes In the meane time Ferdinand King of the Romanes after he had receiued by the hands of the Prince of Orange the patents of the Emperour by which in his fauour he renounced the dignitie of the Empire the Scepter and Crowne with the Emperiall Mantle he went to the Diet of Franckfort accompanied with the said Prince with George Sigismond Sille Vice-chancellor and Wolfang Haller Secretarie of the Empire about the moneth of March. At this Diet were all the Electors and the ceremonies accustomed in such solemne acts being accomplished his Maiestie with all his Princes went to Aix where he was crowned Emperour notwithstanding the refusall which Pope Paul the 4. made to ratifie this election alleadging that it was not lawfull for that the Heretike Electors as he so called them intermedled therewithall But this no otherwise proceeded not from his Holines but by an occasion of a certaine deuice betweene him the King of France and others altogether against the house of Austria according vnto which the Duke of Albe was euen now come to blowes with the Captaines of his Holines and within a while after followed the breach of the foresaid truce vpon which occasion happened to the French this great losse which they sustained vpon S. Laurence his day in the moneth of August by the towne of Saint Quintins About this time the Grand Seigniour declared to the Queene of Transiluania that he vnderstood that certaine sects were crept into the religion which she held which by no meanes he would she should tolerate if she would remaine in his fauour knowing that such nouelties would bring nothing to her but tumult and losse of her kingdome and to him much trauaile and for this cause he commaunded her vtterly to extirpite them who were authors thereof and in such manner to extinguish them that there should not be any mention of them This command was not without cause For the Heretikes were alreadie nesled in this kingdome and by their preachings had sowed their darnell and withdrawne many from the vniuersall Church and if this commaund had not put them in great feare all the kingdome had been replenished with them But according to the will of the Turke and obeying thereto they were presently banished and chased from thence By which wee may see how much a sudden and readie foresight which is vsed with wisedome in things stirred vp besides and against ancient custome may infinitly profit in general at no hand preiudice in particular If this had been obserued in Germanie when the heresies there budded out this Prouince had not so much bin giuen to troubles as it was with the losse and damage of all Christendome In this same time Charles King of Spaine and not long since Emperour being fallen sicke in the Monestarie of the Hieronimite Friers after he had receiued all the Sacraments of the Church by the hands of the Archbishop of Tolledo named Bartholmew Miranda and not without the teares of those who were there present the 21. of September he yeelded his soule to God putting by his death an end to his great triumphs and victories and leauing this perpetuall memorie of him that of long time before him there was not any Emperour more valiant couragious wise and fortunate then himselfe His bodie was intombed in the towne of Granado in the place where ordinarily are buried all the Kings of Spayne His sonne Philip onely heire of all his kingdomes and seigniories after he vnderstood of his death he made a sumptuous preparation for his funerals in the Church of S. Iula at Bruxels And among other magnificences there was a great Ship which was made to goe through the streetes by art which was round about filled with goodly
especially towards religion whereof he became protector in such sort that laying aside all his other particular interest he had speciall regard to the people which were committed to him endeuouring himselfe to preserue them against heresies and indeede not omitting any occasion or meanes to reduce those to the true knowledge who were strayed from the ancient Religion his good disposition was so great towards all the Princes of the Empire that with a reciprocall amitie he was so well affected of them that euen those who had important busines to negotiate with the Emperour Charles his brother feared not to take him to arbitrate betweene his brother and them so greatly did diuine iustice shine in him which comprehendeth in it selfe all other vertues Also not without cause of his good deedes as well in generall as towards particular Princes the Electors of the Empire continued their election in his familie from the father to the sonne almost making by this doing this succession not as election but as it were hereditarie It is not to be doubted but that his decease brought great griefe to the hearts of euery one as it very euidently appeared by the bewailing which vniuersally was made for his death His sonne Maximilian who alreadie was chosen King of the Romanes succeeded him in the Empire This man after he had taken the Crowne the Mantle and other Emperiall ornaments was confirmed Emperour by Pope Pius and seeing himselfe aduanced by this goodly and great dignitie with augmentation of goods and meanes hauing of a long time nourished in himselfe a mortall hatred against King Iohn of Transiluania he meant suddenly to vndertake the reuenge of many wrongs and losses receiued from him and to doe this he resolued to assaile him on a sudden And for this purpose hauing amassed a great number of footmen vnder the conduct of Melchior Ballassi and causing them speedily to march towards Transiluania he suddenly possessed certaine Fortresses Iohn mightily prouoked at this that against the compositions made with Ferdinand he was so wronged by a new King caused also his people very quickly to come into the field and without delay tooke the direct way against Sachmar a strong place belonging to Ballassi who had not well prouided for it mistrusting rather any other enterprise then this This place was taken by a stratagem Iohn hauing ranged all his people nigh to it about night in an Ambuscado so couert that without being perceiued they had commoditie to place themselues at the Port as they opened it to receiue in the Heardsmen who from the fieldes brought their heards of beasts into this towne Ballassi vexed at such a losse went from thence and put himselfe into a great towne yet not very strong named Debrezen in which ordinarily assembled many Marchants of diuers countries and thereunto hauing put fire he spoyled all there about In the meane time the King of Transiluania hauing reenforced his army with 4000. Turkes that the Basha of Buda sent him by the commaund of Solyman came to force the towne of Hadao and by composition he also made himselfe master of Atauiar and leading about many prisoners went and besieged the place of Vngar The Emperour not ignorant of this that his enemie was suddenly fortified with the ayde which was sent him from Buda had also dispatched a great number of Lansquenets and some Caualarie vnder the charge of Purchastaler Captaine and Gouernour of Vngar A good part of these troupes were alreadie entered into this place when Iohn arriued there with his armie and this succour came thither in so happie a time that the enemie notwithstanding all his endeuour was forced to raise his siege hauing lost there 4000. men at one charge which Purchastaler came and gaue him while he was not attentiue to any thing but to the besieged this Captaine hauing vsed this policie that planting his Cannon vpon the flanke of the enemy couering it with his people because he would not haue it discouered when they came to hand-strokes at the first signall his people as it were flying retired themselues from before their Artillerie which then being fitly discharged made a great butcherie of his enemies and put them into such disorder that the Germanes had a great hand of those who were come out of the trenches of the Campe to fight with them All this serued to no other end but the more to kindle the fire betweene these two Princes both the one and the other being willing to reuenge themselues whilest Iohn being succoured by the Turkes who liked it better to haue a weake neighbour for their friend then a neighbour who was strong and puissant Maximilian also thinking that thereby he lost much of his honour at the beginning of his Empire did daily make new leauies of souldiours and seeing he had to doe with a partie more strong then he thought for made Lazare Schuendy an ancient and very expert Captaine his Lieutenant in this warre and one who had attained great experience by the passed warres vnder the Emperour Ferdinand in the same countrie of Hungarie as wee before haue written For the rest of the yeere Schuendy could not enterprise any thing vpon Transiluania because that he was come too late into this armie winter being alreadie come vpon them so that the cold constrained him to lodge his people in garrisons vntill the Spring time furnishing himselfe in the meane while with necessarie things for the next warre Sigismond King of Polonia vncle to Iohn by reason of his sister considering that such preparations would bring but a desolation to Christendome and desiring for the auoyding of this euill to pacifie these two Princes enterposed himselfe to treate of an accord betweene them two and for this effect sending his Ambassadours both to the one and other he laboured his best to reduce them to a peace but they being both greatly moued he could effect nothing Therefore the Spring approaching Schuendy Lieutenant generall for the Emperour drew his people out of garrison and came into the field with an army drawing towards Transiluania to the end to assay the taking of the Castle of Tocchay which is a Fortresse very renowned situated vpon the frontire of Hungarie betweene the riuers Thissa and Wodrog which could not bee very easily besieged except these two riuers were frozen as then they were This place was before taken by Cazzianet for the Emperour Ferdinand who at the perswasion of some had giuen it then to a Hungarian Baron of the familie of Scheredy for recompence of certaine good and great seruices which he had done his Maiestie This Lord being deceased left one sonne who for that he was of yong yeeres was kept in this Castle vnder the gouernment of Francis Nemethy who of a Tutor became a Tyrant and vsurping the place for himselfe forsooke Maximilians part and adhered to Iohn This man being well ascertained that they would come and besiege it before the enemie presented
altogether abandoned by the Transiluanians Schuendy caused it to bee repayred iudging that that place would bring him some commoditie for many considerations In the meane time whilest his souldiours did daily labour to make it defencible the enemies came towards that quarter to take a Castle thereby and which was a very fit place greatly to annoy those of Sachmar Against those the Germanes of the said place of Sachmar going forth with great silence suddenly charged their enemies and they tooke from them 7. Ensignes after they had massacred the greatest part of them and the rest being almost drowned in the riuer into the which they threw themselues headlong inconsideratiuely by heapes to saue themselues Sachmar being reestablished and Erasmus Meiger left there within to commaund Schuendy tooke the way to Cassouia hauing some distrust that the Turkes would come thither to besiege it as there was some apparance thereof and seeing that the forces of the Turke daily increased he importunately solicited the Emperour to send him new succours not finding himselfe furnished of that which was needfull for him to the entertainment of such a warre and against so puissant an enemie The Emperour sent him fiue Ensignes of footmen of whom was Colonell Iohn Bernard Rothman with fiue peeces of Artillerie all the horses being marked with the letter M. to the end that the waggoners conductors thereof should not by deceit as it is their custome sell the good ones or to vse them to some other purpose In the meane time the Turkes who ouerranne all the countrie and made there great spoyle determined to take the Fort of Erdeu neere to Sachmar which then was in the commaund of Schuendy and there hauing placed their siege in the beginning of Iune they made there many a shot against it and finally they reared the ladders to enter by force The assieged defended themselues valiantly and often repulsing their enemies they killed more then 800. of them and fiercely sallying forth vpon them they brought away two peeces of their Artillerie Neuerthelesse the Turks not any thing astonished thereat but continuing the batterie more obstinately in such sort that before the powder failed them they made a great breach in the wall Captaine Laubemberg who commaunded in this place seeing the obstinacie of the Turks sent many times to demaund succour of Schuendy He dispatched towards him 300. souldiours and considering it was not possibly that they could enter without great daunger willing neuerthelesse to assay some meanes which he had inuented to put them in at what price soeuer he commaunded them to march all the night speedily and without noyse vnto a forrest which was not farre from Erdeu and where were placed the guards of the Turkish Campe and as for himselfe marching with the like diligence he came to another quarter from whence suddenly he gaue the alarme to the enemies Campe who presently were frighted at this vnlooked for comming and vpon this rumour the Turkes failed not readily to raunge themselues vnder their Ensignes drawing all to that place from whence came the noyse of the enemies Drummes and Trumpets and in the meane time by this stratagem the succour which was vpon their watch had commoditie to enter into the place This succour being entered the assieged were more couragious and regarded nothing although that the siege continued more then a moneth The Turkes notwithstanding hotly pursuing the siege procured much trauaile to the assieged and there amongst others was wounded Laubemberg A little before there entered a valiant and very expert Captaine named Weller to second Laubemberg and to commaund in his place if any mishap should befall him With Weller there was also entered Captaine Gossel who in fighting valiantly there dyed These couragiously defending themselues maintained it a long time against the enemie who also continuing the siege with a like courage daily came to the walls to giue assaults and hauing one night filled the Ditch with faggots vpon the day following to mount more easily to the breach the assieged did carefully lay good store of Cannon powder vpon and vnder the wood The morning being come the Turkes comming into the Ditch with a hope to carrie the place at that time and the fire also suddenly taking hold of these faggots by the meanes of certaine sulphured Darts and burning Lances amongst the powder with which this wood was seasoned presently was seene in the ayre a great flame which wholly broke the enemies enterprise those remaining there burnt who thought to haue gotten the first honour or best bootie and were come thither too soone for themselues The others retired to their Trenches but not from the siege but on the contrarie they were so selfe-willed that causing their batterie to continue day and night the Fortresse was seene all open without any defence although the assieged did all their endeuour In fine these seeing themselues a pray and certainly iudging that there was no more hope to maintaine themselues as well for want of victuals as men as also by reason of the infection and horrible stinke which proceeded from the flesh of the Turkes dead bodies that remained in the Ditch they came to parley and the 4. of August they yeelded to the enemies the Captaines remaining prisoners who also presently were conducted to Buda and from thence to Constantinople Captaine Weller seeing they spake to yeeld chose rather to dye fighting then to come vnder the puissance and discretion of the Turks this his resolution was followed by many other souldiours The Emperour hauing had newes of this losse and seeing that the treatie of peace which was on foote produced not any good commanded Schuendy that he should well munition all the places for feare of being surprised And for this effect his Maiestie sent him other troupes as well Caualarie as Infantrie while in the meane time at Vienna he caused to be celebrated the funerall pomps in honour of Ferdinand his father where was the Duke Alphonse of Ferrara After which he caused to bee throwne amongst the people certaine peeces of siluer and other things of value in token of largesse vsing many other curtesies to the people And his Maiestie being now discharged from these ceremonies his mind was altogether attentiue to the warre which the Transiluanian made against him being furthered and succoured by the forces of the Turkes and to remedie it he caused then to be assembled all his men of warre and particularly the Caualarie at Theschin causing them to march from thence to Schuendy whom he found at that time busied against the inhabitants of Debrezen the Emperour subiects being greatly moued against those because that for feare of the Turke they had many times giuen victuals to the enemies To chastise them from such cowardlines without giuing notice thereof vnto them he marched towards them with his armie and hauing surprised them he first caused the towne to be sacked and after that he fiered it reducing all
his companions should doe well to yeeld themselues promising safetie of life to all of them this Turke answered that they had rather a good desire valiantly to defend themselues being otherwise assured that the Basha of Buda would not faile to come and succour them if neede were that neuerthelesse he thanked him of this friendly offer which he made him whereof he would aduertise his companions and promised him to returne within one houre if they were determined to yeeld desiring him in the meane time not to vndertake any thing assuring him that by those of the towne he should not receiue any damage With this mutuall promise the Turke being returned into the towne and the houre being passed the Count seeing not any person to come to him from those of the towne caused his Artillerie to be planted to begin his batterie against which the Turks hauing 14. peeces of Cannon ceased not to shoote one against another vntill night and during this the Count caused to be remoued sixe peeces into a commodious place to make his breach and betimes in the morning he caused them so furiously to play that incontinently a gap was laid open in the wall But the Turks with exceeding diligence in such sort repayred the damage that they gaue no commoditie to our people to come to the assault Neuerthelesse the Count appointed Colonell Villardun with his companies to goe to the breach commaunding all the rest of the armie to raunge themselues in battaile A 1000. souldiours should giue an assault with ladders in passing the water euen vnto the girdle and 1000 others were appointed to goe to the breach whilest that altogether they boldly assayling it the Count with other 2000. assayled the Castle gate The Turkes going to the defences as well at the breach as against those who were in the ditch valiantly for a time defended themselues against them But the port was battered downe and the Count entering in by it the Turkes performing the dutie that hardie and bold souldiours could doe in such necessitie were all by him cut in peeces except 50. who being retired into a Tower yeelded themselues vnder certaine conditions Amongst these was the Captaine of Tata and he who commaunded last at Vesprimia and a kinsman of the Basha of Buda all three greatly esteemed These were sent to Vienna This surprise and that of Vesprimia greatly reioyced the Emperour The Count continuing in so fortunate successe caused his people without staying in any place to march to the Castle of Ghestez from whence the Turkes perceiuing the Vauntgard they presently fled abandoning with the place all their munition and Artillerie For the like feare those who were within the Castles of Vithain Ischolchin and other villages took their flight and retired to Strigonium after they had set fire on their munition for feare the enemie should preuaile thereby The taking of these Castles for that they were situated vpon the way which goeth from Comar to Strigonia brought great profit to Maximilians affayres because they might easily aduance themselues euen to this towne without leauing behinde any place which was in the enemies hands and specially because that in these high situated places ordinarily retired a good number of Martelots who are peasant theeues and without faith who by their robberies ruinated all that countrie these people being of so strong force that in respect of their courage they care not for any paine trauaile or daunger The Emperour who yet was not gone into the field so soone as he determined as well by reason of the preparations to which he daily gaue order as for that the appointed troupes through all the Emperiall States were not yet arriued and also for that he was afterward ascertained that the Turk was not passed Belgrade and that there he should soiourne attending the rest of his armie considering that the goodliest ordinances that might bee are frustrate and that men trauaile in vaine to defend their townes except God preserued them for this consideration he ordained that they should pray to God without any intermission commaunding vnder great penalties that at certaine nominated houres at the sound of a bell euery one in Vienna should kneele downe and pray to God for the good and preseruation of the publike weale in such sort that all the Lords of what degree or qualitie they were of should not faile to descend from their horses at the sound of the said Bell if they were then in the towne Besides he caused to be prohibited all manner of sports and pleasant pastimes exhorting euery one to indeauour by good workes to appease the wrath of God In the meane time the Emperials desiering to execute the enterprise of Strigonia and setting this matter before the Councell to be considered of they sent to Maximilian to know of him his aduise The answer and resolution was that he should not prepare himselfe with so small an armie to a towne of so great importance and which was no lesse strong and also well furnished then Buda On the contrarie the Emperour sent to Count Salm that because Tata was a place farre distant from Danubius and not easily to be victualed or to conduct victuals thither he should directly retire himselfe from thence right ouer against Comer along the riuer and there to expect him hoping within a while to come and ioyne with him The Turkes thinking on nothing else ranne ouer all the Countrie and at Carpon where was Captaine Bruschitty they tooke and led away 40. peisants who were reaping corne and were taken by the Castle gate as they were drinking and taking their repast The Captaine moued to see so bolde an act done before his eyes presently sallied forth and tooke three of those Turkes and had stayed the rest if the souldiours would haue followed him But the losse which they receiued by the Counte of Serin without comparison was farre otherwise He hauing had aduertisement by his spie that Halla Sangiach and the Gouernour of the 5. Churches were come neere vnto Sighet with their troupes yet he not knowing their determination and that there they were incamped he presently went into the fielde to incounter them and finding them drowsie he assailed them on the suddaine and the Turkes not being able so instantly to range themselues in battaile the greatest part of them were taken prisoners and the other throwen into the water and of those who were slaine were caried to Sighet 94. heads with 16000. Ducats many faire harnesses many Camels Mules siluer vessell tents and other spoyle The Sangiach there valiantly defending himselfe lost one of his hands and was constrained to yeeld himselfe In the end the Emperour hauing receiued the succours which he expected published Ferdinand Arch Duke of Austria his brother his Lieutenant generall in this Armie to whom was Lieutenant Count of Schuartzemburge and committed the charge of the Artillerie to Paul of Zara and the 12. of August his Maiestie departed from Vienna with the Emperiall
remaine sound and perfect and be as a mirrour to those who know not themselues and who being attained with a spirituall leaprousie haue no more feeling in them then as if they had vtterly lost all their vnderstanding not regarding as vnpitifull the teares and sighings of the poore afflicted happened through their occasion not being able to taste the delicate fruites which sage and wise councell bringeth with it not being able to sent the infection and stinke which proceedeth from the imbecillitie of their corrupted braine not being able by their touching to taste what is the blood which themselues drawe from the bottome and deepest of their vaines neither see they the extreame miserie wherein they are plunged drawing with them thereinto the soundest part of their bodies To these doe I present this mirrour that looking into it they may the better know what is their present estate and if they could see as they may if they will their grosse deformities and great defects they ought without doubt to beleeue that they are the same persons which haue made themselues such by the corruption and grossenes of their humors giuing themselues ouer to their desires through a contempt of the Deitie by a priuate ambition and auarice When as therefore you shall see in this Historie the diuision of a people fleshed one against another for soueraigne and regall dignitie when for this effect you shall reade herein of Townes and Castles forced the inhabitants spoyled of their goods and liues the wiues at the mercie of the souldiour the maydes violated many fayre buildings burnt the subiects rebelling against their Lords Peasants against Peasants you would asluredly thinke they are acts committed in a Countrie farre remote But it is you who amongst your selues and vpon your selues haue committed the like enormities when for the like effect you shall finde it strange that these miserable and infortunate people hauing called in amongst them their old and auncient enemies vnder colour for them to be reuenged one of another and which is yet more bestiall submitted themselues both of the one part and on the other to a stranger I know not then what sound iudgement or good opinion you can conceiue of your selues being attainted and notoriously conuinced of the selfe same fault when you shall note the great ruines and desolations of so goodly rich a Countrie you may well perceiue euen at this present yours reduced into the like estate and if the calamitie be not in all poynts answerable yet thinke that you touch it with the very tip of your finger except the acknowledement which you may haue of your selues preserue you not and diuertit from you In examination of your selues you shall finde your selues all kinsmen there being neither race or linage amongst you which is not allyed one to another except it be some stranger newly come in you shall finde your selues all of one nation you shall finde your selues all subiects of one Lord and Prince and you seeing your selues to be all of kindred allied of the same nation and vnder one gouernment and being able to obserue these conditions in your selues you shall certainly iudge that you are culpable of all the disorder which at this present is seene amongst you and that the fault happened not but from your selues without imposing it vpon a stranger who by your losse seeketh his owne aduauncement maintaining his triumphs with heaps of your ruines which serue him for many solemnities This fault once acknowledged you shall imbrace your selues euen one another as kinsmen you shall frequent one another louingly as true countrimen and you shall make your selues wholy obedient to your Prince by a mutuall and friendly agreement remitting all controuersies that may spring amongst your selues to those who are admitted to execute Iustice propounding to your selues the similitude which sometimes Menewnius Agrippa a Romane alleaged to his Citizens who were infected with the same maladie that you your selues are he comparing a common wealth to a humaine bodie which being composed of many members hath neede for the better subsistance of it that all with one accord doe accomplish their naturall functions the one for the other thy a mutuall and reciprocall dutie euen as in our necessitie we doe naturally practise the same euery one by himselfe If the head doth ake and is ill we presently applie to it both our hands to comfort it againe and it receiueth some ease thereby by meanes of the feete it is carried here and there that it may the better diuert the griefe we cherish it because the losse of it doth ouerthrow all the rost and we are not so ill aduised vpon the distemperature thereof to cut it off from the other parts That which nature doth instruct you for the preseruation of this little bodie you ought to thinke it to be an instruction which it hath prepared for you to walke in the entertainement of your likes who are vnited to you by a mutuall frequentation and such as is necessarie amongst your selues which we name societie and from whence commeth this heape and masse of people which we comprehend vnder the name of a common weale the which all those that are borne in the same ought to maintaine and preserue and not seeke the ruine and spoile thereof as being all members of the bodie of it And concerning the default that herein you commit you may cleerely see the calamitie which shall happen to you therefore by the example of this miserable Realme of Hungarie which was in former time no lesse replenished with warlike men then you and which was no lesse enriched with fertilitie riches and all other things necessarie for the maintenance of life then yours In beholding your selues therfore in this presently marke withall that the like misfortune may happen to you that hath ouertaken them seeing the cause thereof is alike and so labour that in the end you may become more wise then they who seeing before them a like accident proceeding from the same cause in the Empire of Constantinople could not make vse of it but haue suffered themselues to fall into the fulnes of euill and miserie In doing of which if the first and second haue committed such a fault as they cannot recouer yet he not you the third which should commit the like There is not any he that is not deceiued the first time being misled because he had not made proofe thereof for the second time a man may be also sometime deceiued vnder a certaine pretence of frindship but there is no excuse to the wise when it happeneth the third time If these first if these second of our age haue been thus deceiued and ouertaken by their owne rage and retchlesnes suffer not your feete to stumble against the same stone after you haue seene two of them to stumble before you with so foule a fall Stay your selues a while and giue eare to the wofull reports which daily are made of losse of ruines of fire of great
effusion of bloud of captiuities of violations and of the execrable miseries which are daily committed among the rest of the inhabitants of this miserable Hungarie and euen by those whom they had drawen so vndiscreetly into their countrie vnder the colour of succour and ayde And vpon this report refraine your rage take againe your wonted spirits and indeuour that your follies may be so momentarie that in euery wisemans iudgement they may be esteemed better then heretofore THE FIRST BOOKE OF THE HISTORIE OF HVNGARIE THE ARGVMENT OF THE FIRST BOOKE A Philosophicall and Theologicall discourse concerning the reuolution of things Lewis the second of that name King of Hungarie and Bohemia of his descent and qualities The gouernours and Councellors of his estate Solyman prepareth to inuade Hungarie The diligence of Paul Tomoree Lieutenant generall of the Kings armie Lewis soliciteth the Christian Princes for ayde Ecclesiasticall treasure is leuied for the warre The Turkes armie passed the riuer Sauus The description of Hungarie A briefe recitall of the places where happened the greatest force of the warre The riches of Hungarie Aduertisements to the King for the ordering of this warre against the Turkes Lewis goeth into the field Varadin Peter taken by the Turkes Souldiours repayred from all parts to the King lying at Tholne Wylak taken by the Turkes The priuiledges of the Barons of Hungarie The King determined to goe into the field with a small force and the Souldiours importune to fight The description of the towne of Mohaz where the King fought and lost the battaile A disswasion from fight and further consideration thereof Tomoree aduiseth to fight The Christian Armie no more but 25000. men and the Turkes were 300000. The meanes to preserue the King in battaile the order and place of the battaile The King is shewne to the Hungarian Souldiours A deliberation of the enemies purposes and of his appearing in the field Tomoree importuneth to fight the beginning of the battaile the losse of the King and ouerthrow of the Hungars The Kings bodie found dead A certaine Ghost appeared in mans shape The Turkes spoyle and harrie all ouer Hungarie Buda taken by the Turkes 200000. Christians ouerthrowne slaine and taken prisoners in this expedition SEeing the Heauen is such as it representeth it selfe to our sight that is proportioned like vnto a Sphericall or round forme and sith the same Heauen enuironeth besides the meane of this great concauitie which being betweene it and vs is filled with ayre this wonderfull frame which wee name the world little I confesse in respect of that which enuironeth it about and wonderfull great in consideration of the naturall apprehension which we may haue of it it is not without cause that certaine auncient Philosophers esteemed that all things had their reuolutions For sith so it is that the lowest part of a circle is that which is in the middest thereof and that the lower parts or bodies are gouerned by the superiour which thing also is found true by naturall reasons knowne and diligently obserued in all handie workes and engines it is not without reason that some haue inferred of this that this world is subiect to the motion of the Heauens and that we perceiue amongst vs the things passed to returne againe and represent themselues to our viewes For Heauen being round his period or full point is no other but a continuall begininng againe euen as prest and readie as his ende which the Aegyptians by their Hierogyphicall figures meant to represent vnto vs and namely by a serpent holding the end of his tayle with his teeth Now this world being heauie and ponderous of his owne proper nature and yet in the middest of this great soft and light ayre firme stable and immoueable by diuine disposition which is incomprehensible to vs this world I say receiueth by certaine reuolutions in the same place and quarters the same and like passions which it hath once receiued from the influence of Heauen euen as by the ordinarie circumuolution of it it commeth more neere vnto vs with his beames The volubilitie which is in the one and the stabilitie that is in the other is the cause of the effecting bringing forth of such passions these two contraries being so ordained and disposed of to the end that that which is the patient might make the other to become the agent it being not possible that the one should subsist except the other were in essence And as the patient to the end it may suffer ought to stand fast and not shake so the agent on the the other side is alwaies in action being not able to stay it selfe And if they were both alike in soliditie and firmenes or of the same motion their qualities would be without any effect And for this cause God meaning that the world should be gouerned according to the nature of it by Heauen he hath created the world stable for the patient and the Heauen moueable for the agent and all this to the end the world should receiue this benefit of God by the meanes of Heauen through certaine reuolutions of it in as much as this great circumuolution might still remaine and returne againe Whereupon proceedeth this auncient prouerbe which telleth vs That nothing is done nor nothing sayd which hath not been done or sayd before What is there now that hath not been And shall not that at last Which is to be receiue his being From that which once is past That which is made vnmade shall be And eke againe be made And being made againe it shall Be seene to waste and fade And this is that which oftentimes vpholdeth many good spirits which otherwise would be terrified through the innumerable euils wherewith men are often times enuironed For wrestling against such torments they are supported by a certaine hope against such terrors namely this that one day good shall come in steed of euill like as when it raineth we still hope for faire weather These reuolutions neuerthelesse are not alwaies equall or of like perfection by reason of the multiplicitie of meteores and heauenly starres which in their sphericall courses haue euery one their proper motion more soone or later one then the other and that in such wise that thorough many ages we doe not finde two equall situations or aspects of the same starres streaming vpon vs. For this cause the effects of such reuolutions doe not manifest themselues agreeable in euery circumstance to the first There be also some of these reuolutions which haue not their neerest causes from these heauenly influences but they succeede onely by a certaine combining togither or be as a consequence of things fore-happened as for example in time of warre many euils doe infallibly accompanie it and are ingendred thereby Other reuolutions there be which are not natural but proceed from the only and free will of God these we may name supernaturall although we see thē to happen by the sequell of