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c._n if_o it_o be_v the_o left_a flank_n you_o be_v to_o use_v the_o double_a enteare_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n d._n e._n f._n but_o if_o he_o come_v upon_o you_o with_o a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v a_o over-fronting_a battle_n mind_v to_o encompass_v both_o your_o wing_n than_o you_o be_v to_o use_v the_o double_n to_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v by_o division_n g._n h._n i._o k._n so_o that_o by_o this_o motion_n you_o be_v ready_a to_o resist_v all_o his_o attempe_n 5._o attempe_n capt._n bing_o in_o his_o note_n upon_o aelian_a tac._n c._n 29._o §_o 3._o &_o 5._o captain_n bingam_n who_o learning_n and_o understand_v in_o the_o airte_n militar_n be_v sufficient_o know_v do_v allow_v of_o this_o motion_n and_o commend_v it_o above_o the_o other_o do_v ublinge_n the_o illustrious_a war_n illustrious_a count_n mansfielde_n in_o his_o direction_n of_o war_n count_n mansfield_n himself_o who_o authority_n be_v sufficient_a to_o stop_v the_o mouth_n of_o all_o contradictor_n describe_v this_o double_n and_o set_v it_o down_o with_o the_o word_n of_o command_n as_o very_o useful_a but_o lay_v aside_o authority_n the_o argument_n be_v clear_a that_o motion_n which_o in_o time_n of_o fight_n without_o disturbance_n of_o the_o battle_n bring_v supply_v unto_o it_o and_o annoy_v the_o enemy_n be_v a_o steadable_a motion_n but_o double_v of_o the_o front_n enteare_v to_o either_o hand_n or_o by_o division_n be_v such_o a_o motion_n ergo_fw-la it_o be_v a_o steadable_a motion_n the_o major_n be_v manifest_a the_o minor_a i_o have_v already_o provene_v so_o that_o this_o motion_n remain_v good_a and_o steadable_a in_o service_n although_o those_o who_o understand_v it_o not_o disdain_v it_o and_o neglect_v the_o practice_n of_o it_o i_o have_v insist_v long_o in_o this_o point_n than_o i_o will_v have_v do_v because_o i_o can_v digest_v the_o haughty_a ignorance_n of_o many_o commander_n who_o slight_v and_o contemn_v all_o thing_n which_o surpass_v the_o reach_n of_o their_o understanding_n there_o be_v yet_o other_o doubling_n of_o rank_n as_o namely_o by_o countermarch_v which_o 7.9.84_o which_o leo_fw-la tac_n c._n 7.9.84_o leo_n describe_v in_o those_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n and_o i_o have_v see_v it_o oft_o practise_v by_o the_o english_a it_o be_v thus_o do_v the_o captain_n command_v the_o file_n to_o countermarch_a to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a what_o countermarch_v be_v you_o shall_v see_v hereafter_o then_o the_o file-leader_n begin_v to_o turn_v and_o the_o rest_n follow_v they_o they_o march_v down_o through_o the_o file_n till_o the_o leader_n be_v in_o evin_a rank_n with_o the_o bringers-up_a then_o present_o he_o command_v they_o to_o halt_v or_o stand_v so_o that_o the_o last_o five_o rank_n be_v face_v to_o the_o front_n and_o the_o first_o five_o to_o the_o rear_n the_o captain_n then_o if_o he_o will_v have_v the_o battle_n front_v as_o it_o be_v he_o command_v the_o first_o five_o rank_n to_o face_n about_o to_o he_o which_o do_v they_o shall_v all_o have_v their_o face_n direct_v one_o way_n towards_o the_o front_n but_o if_o he_o please_v to_o turn_v the_o aspect_n of_o his_o whole_a battle_n towards_o the_o rear_n he_o command_v thou_o rear_n division_n or_o last_o five_o rank_n to_o face_n about_o and_o so_o the_o whole_a battle_n shall_v be_v face_v about_o to_o the_o rear_n this_o be_v of_o singular_a use_n against_o a_o enemy_n come_v to_o charge_v your_o rear_n and_o to_o encompass_v you_o for_o by_o this_o motion_n in_o a_o instant_n you_o both_o double_a the_o length_n of_o your_o battle_n and_o bring_v your_o best_a man_n to_o receive_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o this_o be_v the_o use_n which_o the_o emperor_n 7._o emperor_n leo._n tact._n §_o c._n 7._o leo_n make_v of_o this_o motion_n who_o be_v the_o breave_v commander_n of_o his_o time_n and_o who_o for_o his_o exquisite_a knowledge_n in_o the_o art_n military_a be_v bring_v to_o wear_v the_o imperial_a crown_n there_o be_v another_o double_n of_o rank_n when_o the_o evin_a rank_n be_v draw_v out_o full_o from_o the_o body_n towards_o either_o of_o the_o flank_n or_o else_o when_o they_o divide_v themselves_o and_o march_v out_o towards_o both_o flank_n together_o count_n war_n count_n count_n mansfield_n in_o his_o direct_a of_o war_n mansfield_n call_v this_o to_o double_v the_o front_n by_o the_o flank_n the_o emperor_n 69._o emperor_n leo._n tac._n c._n 7._o §_o 69._o leo_n speak_v also_o of_o it_o and_o say_v it_o be_v to_o be_v do_v by_o this_o word_n of_o command_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d rank_n also_o be_v double_v by_o wheel_v the_o flank_n into_o the_o body_n as_o you_o shall_v see_v here_o after_o rank_n the_o use_n of_o double_v of_o rank_n the_o general_a use_n of_o double_v of_o rank_n 28._o rank_n aelian_a tact._n c._n 28._o aelian_a set_v down_o clearelie_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o length_n of_o the_o battle_n be_v double_v when_o either_o they_o purpose_v to_o overw_v the_o enemy_n or_o else_o expect_fw-la to_o be_v overwinge_v by_o he_o this_o do_v 4._o do_v polienus_n strat_n lib._n 2._o in_o cleandrida_fw-es §_o 4._o cleandridas_n the_o lacedaemonian_a general_n against_o the_o leucans_n for_o he_o surpass_v they_o in_o multitude_n first_o draw_v his_o battle_n to_o a_o great_a depth_n that_o he_o may_v allure_v they_o to_o charge_n which_o the_o leucans_n see_n draw_v out_o their_o army_n in_o length_n &_o come_v forward_o to_o encompass_v his_o wing_n but_o cleandridas_n double_v the_o length_n of_o his_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d overfront_v they_o and_o overthrow_v they_o the_o emperor_n 69._o emperor_n leo._n tact._n cap._n 7._o §_o 69._o leo_n give_v another_o reason_n of_o double_v the_o length_n of_o the_o battle_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d say_v he_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n the_o length_n of_o the_o battle_n be_v double_v for_o ornament_n and_o to_o make_v a_o fair_a show_n or_o to_o make_v it_o equal_a with_o another_o battle_n or_o else_o to_o affright_v the_o enemy_n make_v he_o think_v your_o multitude_n to_o be_v great_a than_o it_o be_v as_o do_v 19_o do_v polienus_n strat._n lib._n â—_o in_o antigono_n §_o 19_o antigonus_n against_o eumenes_n but_o the_o emperor_n 108._o emperor_n leo_fw-la tact_n c._n 14._o §_o 108._o leo_n give_v a_o good_a advertisement_n and_o caution_n for_o double_v the_o length_n of_o the_o battle_n whereof_o all_o commander_n shall_v take_v heed_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d say_v he_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n when_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o battle_n be_v draw_v up_o in_o length_n it_o must_v not_o be_v so_o lengthen_v that_o it_o be_v overweakned_a in_o the_o depth_n for_o it_o will_v fall_v out_o that_o the_o enemy_n shall_v easy_o break_v it_o asunder_o and_o make_v a_o passage_n through_o it_o and_o will_v not_o only_o encompass_v it_o before_o but_o pass_v through_o the_o midst_n will_v be_v find_v behind_o and_o there_o do_v great_a harm_n wherefore_o a_o general_n shall_v not_o only_o seek_v to_o prevent_v this_o but_o to_o do_v the_o like_a to_o the_o enemy_n aelian_a speak_v of_o a_o double_n of_o rank_n in_o place_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o open_n of_o file_n to_o a_o great_a distance_n double_v of_o file_n file_n of_o double_v of_o file_n be_v a_o motion_n whereby_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o battle_n be_v increase_v and_o the_o length_n diminish_v by_o insert_v the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o file_n in_o the_o other_o 109._o other_o leo_fw-la tact._n c._n 7._o §_o 16_o etc._n etc._n 14_o §_o 109._o leo_n call_v this_o motion_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d
see_v the_o first_o rank_n be_v cast_v itself_o in_o a_o file_n behind_o the_o right_a hand_n man_n v._n x._o be_v a_o file_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n where_o the_o first_o rank_n be_v go_v to_o file_n behind_o the_o left_a hand_n man_n and_o as_o the_o first_o rank_n in_o both_o do_v so_o you_o must_v imagine_v the_o rest_n to_o do_v in_o a_o instant_n y._n z._n be_v a_o file_v to_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v by_o division_n where_o you_o see_v the_o half_a of_o the_o first_o rank_n fall_v in_o behind_o the_o right_a hand_n man_n and_o the_o other_o half_n of_o it_o behind_o the_o left_a hand_n man_n which_o also_o you_o must_v conceive_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o rank_n to_o do_v the_o word_n of_o command_n file_v rank_a as_o you_o be_v rank_n file_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n rank_n file_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n some_o say_v rank_n file_v by_o conversion_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n file_n as_o you_o be_v rank_n file_v to_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v by_o division_n or_o rank_n file_v by_o inversion_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a there_o be_v yet_o a_o double_v of_o file_n by_o wheel_v the_o rank_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n if_o the_o word_n be_v to_o the_o right_n the_o right_a hand_n man_n turn_v to_o the_o right_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o rank_a wheel_n together_o and_o come_v above_o he_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n all_o the_o rank_n do_v the_o like_a if_o the_o command_n be_v to_o the_o left_a the_o left_a hand_n man_n turn_v to_o the_o left_a the_o rest_n of_o his_o rank_n come_v all_o above_o he_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o so_o all_o the_o other_o rank_n cd_o ab_fw-la the_o figure_n a._n b._n be_v a_o wheel_a to_o the_o right_a hand_n where_o you_o see_v the_o first_o rank_n wheel_v about_o the_o right_a hand_n man_n and_o come_v up_o upon_o his_o left_a hand_n c._n d._n be_v a_o wheel_a to_o the_o left_a hand_n where_o the_o first_o rank_n be_v wheel_v about_o the_o left_a hand_n man_n and_o come_v up_o on_o his_o right_a hand_n and_o so_o do_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o rank_n the_o word_n of_o command_n rank_n as_o you_o be_v rank_n wheel_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n rank_n wheel_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n you_o may_v wheel_v rank_n also_o to_o the_o right_n or_o leave_v by_o division_n the_o use_n of_o double_v of_o file_n be_v to_o strengthen_v the_o depth_n of_o your_o battle_n to_o resist_v the_o enemy_n file_n the_o use_n of_o double_v of_o file_n when_o you_o think_v he_o mind_n to_o break_v through_o and_o divide_v your_o force_n it_o serve_v also_o to_o let_v the_o shot_n go_v through_o your_o file_n when_o you_o be_v march_v towards_o a_o fort_n for_o which_o the_o first_o manner_n of_o double_v be_v proper_a &_o the_o file_v of_o rank_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n also_o to_o give_v a_o volley_n of_o musquetado_n upon_o either_o flank_n or_o both_o or_o to_o make_v a_o street_n for_o a_o general_n or_o some_o great_a commander_n to_o go_v through_o or_o else_o to_o lodge_v the_o colour_n the_o file_v of_o rank_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a or_o both_o by_o division_n or_o the_o wheel_a of_o rank_n perform_v this_o it_o serve_v also_o to_o make_v your_o force_n seem_v small_a to_o allure_v the_o enemy_n to_o fight_v as_o do_v 4._o do_v polien_n strat._n lib_n 2._o in_o cleandri_n §._o 4._o cleandridas_n against_o the_o leucans_n who_o first_o first_o draw_v out_o his_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o a_o greath_n depth_n whereby_o his_o enemy_n contemn_v his_o apparent_o small_a number_n do_v charge_v he_o but_o he_o instant_o double_v his_o rank_n do_v encompass_v they_o and_o overthrow_v they_o but_o you_o must_v take_v heed_n as_o the_o emperor_n 109._o emperor_n leo_fw-la tact._n c._n 14._o §._o 109._o leo_n advertise_v in_o these_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n that_o when_o you_o double_v the_o depth_n of_o your_o battle_n you_o make_v not_o the_o front_n of_o your_o army_n too_o narrow_a and_o so_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o enemy_n to_o overfront_v you_o &_o encompass_v you_o which_o be_v 10._o be_v polyb._n histor_n lib._n 1._o §._o 10._o marcus_n attilius_n regulus_n his_o error_n in_o the_o battle_n against_o the_o carthagenian_o for_o he_o fear_v the_o force_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a elephant_n to_o break_v through_o his_o army_n draw_v his_o battle_n to_o so_o great_a a_o depth_n that_o it_o be_v easy_o encompass_v by_o the_o carthaginian_a horseman_n lead_v by_o zantippus_n the_o lacedaemonian_a and_o by_o they_o utterlie_o defeat_v and_o himself_o take_v prisoner_n for_o as_o too_o much_o weaken_v of_o the_o depth_n and_o double_v the_o length_n of_o your_o battle_n put_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v divide_v and_o break_v so_o too_o much_o double_v the_o depth_n and_o diminish_v the_o length_n put_v it_o in_o peril_n to_o be_v overwinge_v and_o encompass_v and_o therefore_o a_o wise_a commander_n will_v have_v a_o care_n if_o his_o front_n be_v narrow_a to_o take_v the_o advantage_n of_o a_o trench_n river_n or_o marish_a thereby_o to_o secure_v his_o flank_n that_o the_o enemy_n may_v not_o annoy_v he_o there_o and_o if_o he_o can_v attain_v to_o none_o of_o those_o yet_o to_o make_v use_n of_o his_o own_o wagon_n observe_v that_o this_o motion_n of_o doubling_n alter_v the_o form_n of_o the_o battle_n change_v both_o the_o length_n and_o the_o depth_n thereof_o which_o no_o other_o motion_n do_v observe_v also_o that_o in_o double_v the_o length_n of_o your_o battle_n you_o make_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o in_o double_v the_o depth_n you_o make_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d describe_v by_o 29._o by_o aelian_a tact._n c._n 29._o aelian_a 28._o aelian_a aelian_a tact._n c._n 28._o aelian_a speak_v of_o a_o double_v of_o the_o depth_n in_o place_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o open_n of_o rank_n to_o a_o geat_a distance_n of_o evolution_n or_o countermarch_n tit._n 8._o evolution_n or_o countermarch_v call_v by_o the_o grecian_n 26._o grecian_n aelian_a tact._n c._n 26._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v a_o motion_n of_o the_o whole_a battle_n whereby_o the_o front_n be_v bring_v in_o place_n of_o the_o rear_n or_o one_o flank_n in_o place_n of_o the_o other_o and_o therefore_o countermarch_v be_v two_o fold_n of_o file_n or_o of_o rank_n and_o both_o of_o those_o say_v 26._o say_v aelian_a tact._n c._n 26._o aelian_a be_v threefold_a for_o either_o they_o gain_v ground_n in_o march_v not_o in_o charge_v or_o loose_a ground_n or_o keep_v that_o same_o ground_n the_o first_o be_v call_v the_o macedonian_a countermarch_v the_o second_o the_o lacedaemonian_a the_o three_o the_o chorean_a or_o persian_a the_o macedonian_a countermarch_v by_o file_n so_o call_v from_o the_o macedonian_n who_o be_v the_o inventor_n and_o user_n of_o it_o be_v describe_v by_o 27._o by_o aelian_a tact._n c._n 27._o aelian_a in_o those_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n when_o the_o file-leader_n turn_v his_o face_n and_o the_o bringer_n up_o with_o all_o the_o rest_n go_v against_o he_o on_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n and_o pass_v on_o to_o the_o ground_n before_o the_o front_n of_o the_o phalanx_n place_v themselves_o in_o order_n one_o after_o another_o according_a as_o the_o file_n leader_n himself_o have_v turn_v his_o face_n or_o it_o be_v when_o the_o file-leader_n turn_v his_o face_n and_o the_o next_o to_o he_o pass_v by_o he_o on_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n place_v himself_o behind_o he_o &_o so_o all_o the_o rest_n one_o after_o another_o as_o you_o shall_v see_v in_o the_o figure_n follow_v efabcd_v a_o b_o c_o d_o be_v the_o battle_n before_o the_o countermarch_v e_o f_o a_o b_o the_o battle_n after_o the_o countermarch_v which_o have_v leave_v the_o ground_n a_o b_o c_o d_o wherein_z it_o stand_v which_o you_o see_v mark_v with_o point_n and_o take_v the_o ground_n before_o it_o e_o f_o a_o b_o and_o be_v all_o face_v about_o to_o the_o rear_n a_o b_o which_o before_o the_o countermarch_v be_v the_o front_n do_v yet_o remain_v the_o front_n but_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n b_o d_o be_v become_v the_o left_a hand_n file_n b_o f_o and_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n a_o c_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n a_o e._n the_o rear_n c_o d_o be_v now_o the_o rear_n e_o f._n the_o word_n of_o command_n file_n countermarch_v and_o gain_v ground_n the_o lacedaemonian_a countermarch_v by_o file_n so_o call_v from_o the_o lacedaemonian_n who_o invent_v and_o practise_v this_o motion_n be_v set_v down_o by_o 27._o by_o aelian_a tact._n c._n 27._o aelian_a in_o those_o
word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n when_o the_o file-leader_n turn_v his_o face_n about_o to_o the_o pick_n transfer_v the_o whole_a file_n to_o a_o place_n equal_a to_o the_o first_o &_o the_o rest_n follow_v stand_v behind_o he_o or_o else_o when_o the_o bringer-up_a turn_v his_o face_n about_o and_o he_o that_o stand_v next_o before_o he_o pass_v by_o on_o either_o hand_n be_v place_v again_o next_o before_o he_o and_o the_o rest_n follow_v take_v place_v one_o before_o another_o as_o they_o stand_v till_o the_o file_n leader_n be_v first_o ghiklm_a g_o h_o i_o k_n be_v the_o battle_n before_o the_o countermarch_v i_o k_o l_o m_o the_o battle_n after_o the_o countermarch_v which_o have_v leave_v the_o ground_n it_o stand_v in_o before_o and_o take_v the_o ground_n behind_o it_o the_o flank_n be_v change_v as_o in_o the_o former_a figure_n h_n k_o the_o right_a flank_n to_o k_o m_o the_o left_a and_z g_z i_o the_o left_a flank_n to_o i_o l_o the_o right_a but_o the_o front_n g_o h_n be_v bring_v to_o be_v the_o front_n l_o m_o contrary_a to_o the_o former_a where_o the_o front_n of_o both_o figure_n a_o b_o do_v keep_v still_o one_o place_n the_o word_n of_o command_n file_n countermarch_v and_o loose_v ground_n the_o proceed_n of_o this_o countermarch_v be_v contrare_fw-la to_o the_o former_a for_o the_o macedonian_a take_v the_o ground_n before_o the_o battle_n but_o this_o possess_v the_o ground_n after_o the_o battle_n in_o the_o macedonian_a the_o motion_n be_v from_o the_o rear_n to_o the_o front_n in_o this_o the_o motion_n be_v from_o the_o front_n to_o the_o rear_n the_o macedonian_a seem_v to_o run_v away_o but_o the_o lacedaemonian_a to_o charge_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v prefer_v to_o the_o macedonian_a by_o 27._o by_o aelian_a tact._n c._n 27._o aelian_a because_o say_v he_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o make_v a_o show_n of_o fall_v on_o the_o enemy_n appear_v behind_o whereas_o the_o macedonian_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o make_v a_o semblance_n to_o the_o enemy_n appear_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o fly_v away_o neverhelesse_o in_o some_o case_n the_o macedonian_a be_v of_o great_a use_n as_o if_o you_o desire_v to_o gain_v some_o ground_n of_o advantage_n or_o else_o when_o you_o desire_v to_o march_v on_o &_o not_o give_v battle_n for_o by_o it_o you_o do_v noways_o hinder_v your_o march_n but_o continue_v the_o same_o &_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n may_v make_v your_o musquetier_n give_v fire_n upon_o the_o enemy_n so_o that_o you_o both_o march_n &_o fight_v but_o the_o lace_a emonian_n fall_v on_o upon_o the_o enemy_n and_o interupt_v the_o march_n 6.605_o march_n zenephon_n bistor_n grec_fw-la lib._n 6.605_o agesilaus_n the_o lacedaemonian_a general_n seem_v to_o have_v use_v this_o countermarch_v when_o he_o make_v his_o army_n to_o march_v out_o of_o the_o strait_n of_o mantinaea_n perceive_v that_o his_o enemy_n be_v to_o charge_v his_o rear_n from_o the_o hill_n he_o make_v his_o reare-guarde_n to_o countermarch_v and_o go_v out_o of_o the_o strait_n himself_o stay_v last_o with_o the_o avantguarde_n the_o examine_v 4.519_o examine_v zenoph_n hist_o grec_fw-la lib._n 4.519_o agesilaus_n have_v embattel_v his_o troop_n at_o coronea_n against_o the_o theban_n himself_o have_v the_o right_a wing_n of_o the_o phalanx_n &_o put_v the_o argive_n on_o the_o left_a wing_n of_o the_o theban_a army_n to_o flight_n but_o the_o theban_n have_v beat_v the_o orchemenians_n who_o be_v upon_o his_o left_a wing_n force_v a_o passage_n through_o they_o to_o the_o baggage_n which_o he_o understanding_n do_v present_o countermarch_v his_o phalanx_n &_o lead_v against_o they_o where_o after_o a_o fnrious_a chocke_n he_o kill_v many_o of_o they_o and_o many_o flee_v away_o to_o helicon_n after_o their_o confederate_n the_o persian_a or_o cretan_a countermarch_v use_v by_o the_o persian_n and_o cretan_n be_v also_o call_v chorean_n from_o the_o similitude_n of_o the_o grecian_a dance_n which_o â—he_v dancer_n call_v chorus_n use_v for_o they_o order_v themselves_o in_o rank_n and_o file_n and_o dance_v one_o through_o another_o keep_v the_o same_o bound_n of_o the_o place_n this_o countermarch_v be_v describe_v by_o 27._o by_o aelian_a tact._n c._n 27._o aelian_a in_o those_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n the_o chorean_a be_v when_o the_o file-leader_n turn_v to_o the_o pick_n or_o the_o target_n precee_v the_o file_n the_o rest_n follow_v till_o the_o leader_n have_v get_v the_o place_n of_o the_o bringer-up_a &_o the_o bringer_n up_o the_o place_n of_o the_o leader_n the_o bedie_n move_v joynthie_a together_o so_o that_o this_o countermarch_v maintain_v and_o keep_v the_o examine_v grind_v the_o battle_n stand_v in_o and_o this_o be_v our_o modern_a countermarch_v which_o we_o use_v in_o our_o exercease_n nopq_fw-fr you_o see_v the_o figure_n n_o o_fw-fr p_o q_o where_o the_o file-leader_n of_o every_o file_n with_o their_o next_o follower_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o first_o two_o rank_n be_v turn_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o have_v begin_v to_o countermarch_v and_o be_v in_o the_o distance_n betwixt_o the_o file_n so_o that_o the_o two_o last_o of_o every_o file_n that_o be_v the_o 10._o and_o 9_o rank_n have_v march_v up_o with_o the_o rest_n to_o the_o front_n n_o o._n and_o have_v leave_v the_o place_n of_o the_o rear_n p_o q_n so_o much_o void_a as_o the_o first_o two_o rank_n have_v march_v through_o the_o file_n from_o the_o place_n of_o the_o front_n so_o that_o the_o file-leader_n shall_v march_v until_o they_o come_v to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o bringers-up_a p_o q._n and_o the_o bringer_n up_o till_o they_o come_v to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o file_n leader_n n_o o._n and_o there_o do_v stand_v and_o face_n about_o with_o the_o rest_n captain_n 28._o captain_n bingam_fw-la in_o his_o note_n upon_o aelian_o tact._n c._n 28._o bingam_n express_v this_o motion_n more_o livelie_a by_o figure_n of_o arm_a pickeman_n the_o word_n of_o command_n file_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n countermarch_v file_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n countermarch_v our_o word_n of_o command_n be_v string_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n countermarch_v string_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n countermarch_v because_o this_o chorean_a countermarch_v be_v that_o which_o be_v use_v in_o our_o exercease_n do_v how_o the_o motion_n of_o this_o countermarch_v be_v do_v i_o will_v show_v you_o how_o the_o motion_n be_v perform_v if_o the_o word_n of_o command_n be_v to_o countermarch_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n than_o all_o the_o file-leader_n at_o one_o instant_a stepe_v forward_o with_o the_o right_a leg_n and_o bring_v about_o their_o left_a leg_n turn_v their_o body_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o so_o march_v down_o through_o the_o file_n till_o they_o come_v to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o bringers-up_a where_o they_o shall_v stand_v the_o rest_n that_o follow_v the_o file-leader_n must_v not_o offer_v to_o turn_v before_o they_o have_v come_v up_o to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o file-leader_n if_o the_o command_n be_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n then_o the_o file-leader_n must_v step_v forward_o with_o the_o left_a leg_n and_o bring_v about_o the_o right_a leg_n turn_v their_o body_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n &_o march_v down_o as_o the_o former_a the_o figure_n n_o o_fw-fr p_o qui_fw-fr show_v a_o countermarch_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o other_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n by_o it_o may_v be_v easy_o understand_v for_o if_o you_o make_v the_o file-leader_n to_o turn_v towards_o n_n p._n which_o you_o see_v now_o turn_v towards_o o_fw-la q._n it_o shall_v be_v a_o countermarch_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n it_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v this_o chorean_a countermarch_v whereof_o the_o emperor_n 65._o emperor_n leo_fw-la tact._n c._n 12_o §_o 65._o lee_n speak_v give_v this_o word_n of_o command_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o this_o motion_n of_o countermarch_v that_o cuerie_n follower_n remark_n his_o leader_n and_o his_o right_a hand_n man_n that_o by_o they_o he_o may_v keep_v a_o due_a distance_n for_o otherwise_o the_o least_o disorder_n in_o this_o motion_n will_v breed_v a_o confusion_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n observe_v also_o that_o this_o motion_n of_o countermarch_v not_o be_v do_v but_o at_o open_a order_n also_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v practise_v when_o the_o enemy_n be_v near_a hand_n for_o if_o the_o enemy_n shall_v sudden_o charge_v a_o battle_n while_o it_o be_v counterraarch_v he_o shall_v assure_o overthrow_v it_o so_o that_o in_o this_o case_n the_o best_a expedient_a be_v to_o face_n about_o your_o battle_n the_o use_n of_o countermarch_v of_o file_n be_v if_o the_o enemy_n appear_v in_o the_o rear_n and_o come_v to_o charge_v you_o
or_o contubernium_fw-la the_o leader_n of_o it_o decanus_n decurio_fw-la or_o caput_fw-la contubernii_fw-la the_o deipth_n of_o a_o file_n according_a to_o our_o modern_a discipline_n be_v 10._o howsover_v the_o spaniard_n and_o the_o italian_n make_v it_o incertain_a for_o the_o deipth_n of_o 10._o be_v think_v a_o sufficient_a thickness_n to_o receive_v all_o charge_n every_o man_n in_o his_o file_n be_v place_v according_a to_o his_o worth_n and_o dignity_n the_o first_o man_n in_o dignity_n be_v first_o in_o place_n and_o be_v call_v by_o 71._o by_o leo_fw-la tac._n cap._n 4._o §_o 71._o leo_n and_o 5._o and_o aelian_a tac._n cap._n 5._o aelian_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o leader_n or_o forestander_n he_o have_v commandment_n over_o his_o file_n &_o see_v that_o every_o one_o of_o they_o do_v their_o duty_n both_o in_o march_n and_o fight_n and_o in_o exercease_n as_o he_o move_v and_o turn_v so_o must_v the_o rest_n of_o his_o file_n do_v the_o second_o man_n in_o dignity_n be_v last_o in_o place_n and_o be_v call_v ibid._n call_v leo_n and_o aelian_a ibid._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d bringer-up_a or_o reare-commander_n he_o have_v command_v over_o the_o file_n next_o unto_o the_o leader_n and_o see_v that_o those_o before_o he_o keep_v a_o right_a line_n the_o three_o and_o four_o dignity_n be_v in_o the_o 5._o and_o 6._o place_n and_o they_o be_v call_v middle-man_n the_o one_o middle-man_n to_o the_o front_n the_o other_o middle-man_n to_o the_o rear_n the_o fist_n sixth_o and_o seven_o dignity_n be_v in_o the_o 2.9_o &_o 4._o place_n the_o eight_o nine_o and_o ten_o dignity_n in_o the_o 7.3_o and_o 8._o place_n as_o this_o table_n show_v number_n of_o place_n  _fw-fr number_n of_o dignity_n 1._o 0._o leader_n 1._o 2_o  _fw-fr 5._o 3._o  _fw-fr 6_o 4_o  _fw-fr 7._o 5._o 0._o middleman_n 3_o to_o the_o front_n 6._o 0._o middleman_n 4._o to_o the_o rear_n 7._o  _fw-fr 8._o 8_o  _fw-fr 10._o 9_o  _fw-fr 6._o 10._o 0._o bringer-up_a 2._o join_v of_o file_n produce_v rank_n which_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o if_o you_o jone_n 6._o file_n or_o 8._o file_n together_o you_o make_v 6._o man_n or_o 8._o man_n in_o a_o rank_n and_o the_o more_o file_n you_o join_v the_o more_o you_o extend_v the_o length_n of_o your_o battle_n for_o as_o the_o file_n measure_v the_o deipth_n or_o thickness_n so_o do_v the_o rank_a the_o length_n of_o the_o battle_n those_o who_o be_v in_o one_o file_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d leader_n and_o follower_n those_o of_o one_o rank_n be_v call_v rank_n of_o rank_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o sideman_n a_o rank_n than_o be_v a_o row_n of_o man_n stand_v one_o by_o another_o in_o a_o right_a line_n shoulder_n to_o shoulder_n or_o as_o aelian_a describe_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d when_o the_o sideman_n bear_v straight_o forth_o in_o length_n the_o length_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &_o it_o be_v the_o dimension_n of_o the_o battle_n from_o the_o one_o wing_n or_o flank_n to_o the_o other_o the_o deipth_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o it_o be_v the_o dimension_n of_o the_o battle_n from_o the_o front_n to_o the_o rear_n the_o first_o rank_n be_v a_o row_n of_o file_n leader_n and_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d frons_fw-la acies_fw-la the_o front_n the_o last_o rank_n be_v a_o row_n of_o bringers-up_a and_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d cauda_fw-la the_o rear_n as_o man_n in_o their_o file_n be_v place_v according_a to_o their_o worth_n so_o be_v the_o file_n rank_v in_o the_o battle_n according_a to_o their_o dignity_n the_o first_o place_n of_o dignity_n have_v the_o file_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n which_o be_v the_o right_a flank_n the_o second_o place_n have_v the_o file_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n which_o be_v the_o left_a flank_n be_v the_o ten_o if_o there_o be_v only_o 10._o in_o rank_n the_o three_o and_o four_o dignitic_n have_v the_o 5._o and_o 6._o file_n which_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o rank_n the_o five_o sixth_o and_o seven_o dignity_n have_v the_o 2.9_o and_o 4._o file_n the_o eight_o nine_o and_o ten_o dignity_n have_v the_o 7.3_o and_o 8._o file_n lief_a flank_n number_n of_o place_n right_o flank_n 10._o 9_o 8._o 7._o 6._o 5._o 4._o 3._o 2_o 1._o 0._o 1._o 1._o 1._o 0._o 0._o 1._o 1._o 1._o 0._o 2._o 6._o 10._o 8._o 4._o 3._o 7._o 9_o 5._o 1._o number_n of_o dignity_n count_n mansfeilde_n his_o discourse_n in_o this_o vari_v from_o his_o table_n 32._o c._n man_n in_o his_o direct_a of_o war_n pag._n 31._o &_o 32._o every_o man_n in_o the_o first_o rank_n be_v leader_n of_o a_o file_n every_o man_n in_o the_o first_o file_n be_v leader_n of_o a_o rank_n abcd_a this_o figure_n a_o b_o c_o d_o show_v you_o the_o distinction_n and_o disposition_n of_o rank_n and_o file_n a._n b_o be_v the_o front_n c._n d._n the_o rear_n b._n d._n the_o right_a flank_n a_o c_o the_o left_a flank_n the_o line_n a._n b._n and_o c_o d._n with_o the_o other_o between_o they_o be_v rank_n consist_v every_o one_o of_o 10_o man_n the_o line_n b._n d._n and_o a_o c_o with_o the_o other_o between_o they_o be_v file_n consist_v every_o one_o of_o 10._o man_n also_o the_o number_n of_o file_n be_v from_o b_o to_o a_o which_o be_v the_o length_n of_o the_o battle_n the_o number_n of_o rank_n from_o b._n to_o d._n which_o be_v the_o deipth_n of_o the_o battle_n from_o b._n to_o d._n be_v leader_n and_o follower_n from_o b._n to_o a._n sideman_n in_o place_v our_o best_a man_n in_o the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n &_o put_v our_o brave_a soldier_n in_o the_o auantgarde_n of_o the_o army_n we_o follow_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o grecian_n who_o put_v always_o their_o choice_a soldier_n in_o the_o front_n of_o the_o phalanx_n contrare_fw-la to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o roman_n who_o place_v the_o maniple_n of_o their_o hastati_fw-la soldier_n of_o least_o experience_n in_o the_o front_n of_o the_o legion_n their_o principes_fw-la soldier_n of_o better_a worth_n in_o the_o middle_n their_o triarii_n the_o old_a soldier_n and_o of_o great_a valour_n in_o the_o rear_n who_o be_v not_o to_o join_v with_o the_o enemy_n till_o the_o former_a have_v be_v beat_a or_o retire_v of_o distance_n tit._n 3._o soldier_n be_v arm_v and_o put_v in_o a_o body_n they_o must_v then_o know_v their_o distance_n for_o all_o rank_n ought_v to_o be_v parallel_v one_o to_o another_o as_o also_o file_n and_o therefore_o a_o soldier_n chief_a care_n shall_v be_v to_o have_v a_o eye_n to_o his_o leader_n &_o his_o sideman_n that_o he_o may_v keep_v a_o equal_a distance_n both_o in_o his_o rank_n and_o file_n for_o not_o keep_v of_o distance_n breed_v confusion_n and_o ofttimes_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o overthrow_n of_o a_o battle_n and_o too_o much_o throng_v together_o make_v a_o soldier_n unable_a to_o use_v his_o arm_n too_o much_o stand_v remove_v weaken_v the_o battle_n and_o make_v way_n to_o the_o enemy_n to_o break_v it_o as_o 26._o as_o veget._n de_fw-fr re_fw-mi militari_fw-la lib._n 1._o cap._n 26._o vegetius_n pertinentlie_o admonish_v nec_fw-la ultra_fw-la magis_fw-la quam_fw-la expeditant_a conglobent_fw-la agmen_fw-la aut_fw-la laxent_fw-la nam_fw-la constipati_fw-la perdunt_fw-la spatia_fw-la pugnandi_fw-la &_o sibi_fw-la in_o vicem_fw-la impedimento_fw-la sunt_fw-la &_o rariores_fw-la atque_fw-la interlucentes_fw-la aditum_fw-la perrumpendi_fw-la hostibus_fw-la praestant_fw-la wherefore_o due_a distance_n be_v the_o midst_n betwixt_o those_o extremity_n distance_n than_o in_o our_o modern_a discipline_n by_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o most_o learned_a commanader_n be_v three_o first_o second_o and_o three_o distance_n or_o open_a order_n order_n and_o close_a order_n open_v order_n or_o first_o distance_n be_v when_o your_o man_n both_o in_o rank_n and_o file_n stand_v remove_v six_o foot_n from_o another_o this_o distance_n contain_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 4._o cubit_n in_o square_a at_o this_o distance_n you_o be_v to_o exercise_v your_o company_n order_n or_o second_o distance_n be_v when_o they_o stand_v remove_v 3._o foot_n both_o in_o rank_n and_o file_n one_o from_o anothere_o this_o distance_n be_v use_v when_o you_o embattell_v your_o troop_n and_o lead_v they_o against_o the_o enemy_n or_o when_o you_o come_v to_o stand_v or_o mean_n to_o wheal_n the_o body_n this_o distance_n be_v call_v of_o the_o 11._o the_o aelian_a tact._n c._n 11._o greek_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d densatio_n and_o take_v up_o 2._o cubit_n that_o be_v three_o foot_n as_o the_o former_a do_v 4._o cubit_n for_o a_o cubite_fw-la be_v a_o
battle_n and_o it_o be_v assure_v that_o a_o few_o number_n of_o man_n well_o discipline_v and_o be_v perfect_a in_o their_o military_a motion_n be_v able_a to_o rencontre_v and_o overthrow_v great_a multitude_n without_o practice_n of_o arm_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 3._o 〈◊〉_d aelian_a tact._n cap._n 3._o say_v aelian_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d we_o find_v often_o great_a force_n to_o be_v by_o their_o disorder_n overcome_v by_o a_o few_o well_o order_v and_o exercise_v and_o therefore_o the_o chief_a thing_n that_o soldier_n be_v to_o understand_v be_v their_o military_a motion_n for_o the_o science_n of_o their_o motion_n be_v the_o definition_n of_o the_o art_n military_a these_o then_o i_o shall_v set_v down_o in_o some_o few_o title_n with_o as_o great_a variety_n and_o perspicuity_n as_o i_o can_v touch_v only_o the_o ancient_a exercise_n in_o so_o far_o as_o it_o be_v a_o ground_n or_o do_v agree_v with_o our_o modern_a discipline_n the_o motion_n of_o troop_n be_v two_o fold_n of_o the_o whole_a or_o of_o a_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a either_o in_o keep_v ground_n or_o change_v ground_n keep_v ground_n when_o every_o person_n move_v in_o his_o proper_a place_n as_o in_o face_v change_a ground_n when_o the_o battaillon_n change_v the_o ground_n it_o stand_v in_o as_o in_o countermarch_a and_o wheele_a the_o motion_n of_o a_o part_n be_v when_o a_o part_n of_o the_o battle_n move_v and_o a_o part_n stand_v still_o as_o in_o doublinge_n closinge_n open_n for_o in_o those_o motion_n some_o rank_n or_o file_n stand_v &_o the_o rest_n move_v i_o will_v then_o begin_v with_o face_v face_v be_v a_o motion_n transfer_v the_o soldier_n face_n to_o the_o flank_n or_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o battle_n and_o therefore_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n the_o one_o when_o the_o soldier_n make_v a_o quarter_n turn_v to_o the_o right_n or_o the_o left_a hand_n the_o other_o when_o he_o make_v a_o half_a turn_n the_o first_o motion_n the_o greek_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o be_v define_v by_o 24._o by_o aelian_a tact._n c._n 24._o aelian_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o motion_n of_o the_o soldier_n turn_v his_o face_n to_o the_o pick_n or_o the_o target_n that_o be_v to_o the_o right_n or_o the_o left_a hand_n for_o the_o grecian_n as_o i_o tell_v you_o before_o carry_v a_o pick_n in_o their_o right_a hand_n and_o a_o target_n in_o the_o left_a but_o i_o wonder_v why_o aelian_a call_v it_o a_o motion_n of_o the_o arm_a soldier_n only_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d see_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d do_v also_o use_v this_o motion_n the_o action_n of_o this_o motion_n be_v thus_o perform_v motion_n how_o to_o perform_v the_o motion_n the_o soldier_n stand_v firm_a with_o his_o left_a leg_n and_o turn_v only_o upon_o his_o heel_n draw_v back_o the_o right_a leg_n if_o he_o face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n or_o bring_v forward_o the_o right_a leg_n if_o he_o face_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n &_o this_o be_v to_o be_v do_v in_o a_o stand_n but_o in_o a_o march_n face_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n they_o must_v bring_v forward_o their_o left_a leg_n motion_n the_o use_n of_o the_o motion_n the_o use_n of_o this_o motion_n at_o a_o stand_n be_v to_o be_v ready_a at_o a_o instant_n to_o receive_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o enemy_n if_o they_o assail_v either_o of_o your_o flank_n but_o if_o you_o face_n and_o march_v you_o may_v thereby_o prevent_v the_o enemy_n from_o fall_v upon_o your_o wing_n 79._o wing_n leo_fw-la tact._n c._n 7._o §_o 79._o as_o leo_n show_v by_o bring_v your_o battle_n to_o some_o river_n or_o other_o strength_n and_o also_o to_o eschew_v some_o dangerous_a ground_n as_o alexander_n do_v at_o arbela_n who_o perceive_v that_o darius_n have_v strew_v the_o ground_n between_o the_o two_o battle_n with_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o calthrope_n face_v his_o right_a wing_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o march_v about_o 17._o about_o polienus_n stratag_n lib._n 4._o in_o alexandro_n §_o 17._o see_v polienus_n but_o if_o the_o enemy_n charge_v both_o your_o flank_n at_o one_o time_n you_o must_v face_v the_o half_a of_o your_o battle_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o other_o half_o to_o the_o left_a that_o be_v the_o half_a of_o your_o file_n which_o be_v upon_o the_o right_a flank_n face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o other_o half_o which_o be_v upon_o the_o left_a flank_n face_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o this_o be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d describe_v by_o 38._o by_o aelian_a tact._n c._n 38._o aelian_a and_o not_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o captain_n 25._o captain_n in_o his_o note_n upon_o ael_n tact._n cap._n 25._o bingame_n say_v the_o form_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d you_o shall_v see_v in_o the_o figure_n follow_v abcd_a efgh_n iklmno_fw-la the_o figure_n a._n b._n c._n d._n be_v a_o face_v of_o the_o whole_a battle_n to_o the_o right_n where_o that_o which_o be_v before_o the_o right_a flank_n b._n d._n be_v now_o become_v the_o front_n the_o rear_n before_o c._n d._n be_v now_o become_v the_o right_a flank_n the_o front_n before_o a._n b._n be_v now_o become_v the_o left_a flank_n the_o left_a flank_n before_o a.c._n be_v now_o become_v the_o rear_n the_o figure_n e._n f._n g._n h._n be_v a_o face_v of_o the_o battle_n to_o the_o left_a where_o that_o which_o be_v the_o left_a flank_n before_o e._n g._n be_v now_o become_v the_o front_n the_o right_a flank_n f._n h._n the_o rear_n the_o front_n e._n f._n the_o right_a flank_n the_o rear_n g._n h._n the_o left_a flank_n the_o figure_n i._o k._n l._n m._n n._n o._n be_v a_o face_v of_o the_o battle_n to_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v by_o division_n where_o the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o battle_n k._n l._n n._n o._n consist_v of_o 5._o file_n of_o pick_v and_o 5._o of_o musquetier_n face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o make_v the_o front_n l_o o._n which_o before_o be_v the_o right_a flank_n &_o the_o other_o half_a i._n k._n m._n n._n consist_v of_o alike_a file_n face_n to_o the_o left_a and_o make_v the_o front_n i._n m._n which_o before_o be_v the_o left_a flank_n so_o that_o thereby_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o a_o double_a front_a battle_n the_o word_n of_o command_n be_v these_o face_n to_o the_o right_n as_o you_o be_v face_n to_o the_o left_a as_o you_o be_v face_n to_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v by_o division_n as_o you_o be_v some_o say_v only_o to_o the_o right_n to_o the_o left_a etc._n etc._n our_o scots_a word_n of_o command_n be_v right_o about_o to_o your_o first_o oder_fw-ge leave_v about_o to_o your_o first_o oder_fw-ge right_o and_o leave_v about_o to_o your_o first_o oder_fw-ge but_o they_o be_v not_o so_o proper_a as_o the_o former_a the_o second_o manner_n of_o face_v be_v when_o the_o soldier_n make_v a_o half_a turn_n to_o the_o rear_n by_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n the_o french_a call_v it_o demy_fw-fr tour_fw-fr a_fw-fr droit_fw-fr or_o a_o gauch_n the_o greek_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o be_v either_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 84_o 〈◊〉_d leo_fw-la tact._n cap._n 7._o §_o 79._o &_o 84_o leo_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d aelian_a 24._o aelian_a aelian_a tact._n c._n 24._o define_v it_o to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d translation_n of_o the_o former_a aspect_n to_o the_o rear_n the_o motion_n be_v do_v as_o the_o other_o motion_n how_o to_o do_v the_o motion_n except_o that_o the_o soldier_n make_v twice_o so_o great_a a_o turn_v for_o stand_v fast_o with_o his_o left_a leg_n he_o only_o turn_v upon_o his_o heel_n and_o draw_v back_o his_o right_a leg_n if_o he_o face_n to_o the_o right_n about_o and_o bring_v forward_o his_o right_a leg_n if_o he_o face_n to_o the_o leave_v about_o but_o in_o a_o march_n face_v to_o the_o right_n about_o he_o must_v bring_v forward_o his_o left_a leg_n the_o use_n of_o it_o be_v motion_n the_o use_n of_o the_o motion_n if_o the_o enemy_n charge_v 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28._o 〈◊〉_d aelian_a tact._n c._n 28._o aelian_a call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o be_v perform_v sundry_a way_n first_o when_o the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o file_n fall_v in_o into_o the_o other_o the_o evin_a file_n into_o the_o odd_a when_o the_o command_n of_o double_v be_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o odd_a file_n into_o the_o evin_n when_o the_o command_n be_v to_o the_o left_a so_o that_o of_o 10._o deep_a they_o be_v make_v 20._o and_o therefore_o 20._o rank_n and_o if_o they_o be_v 10._o in_o rank_n they_o become_v but_o 5._o and_o therefore_o 5._o file_n the_o first_o be_v this_o way_n do_v the_o right_a hand_n file_n which_o be_v the_o first_o stand_v still_o the_o second_o filenext_v it_o step_n about_o and_o move_v in_o into_o it_o every_o one_o go_v behind_o his_o right_a hand_n sydeman_n so_o do_v the_o 4._o into_o the_o 3._o the_o 6._o into_o the_o 5._o the_o 8._o into_o the_o 7._o the_o 10._o into_o the_o 9_o &_o so_o forth_o if_o there_o be_v more_o 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double_v by_o advance_v or_o lead_v forth_o when_o the_o evin_a file_n march_v out_o from_o the_o body_n &_o place_v themselves_o in_o a_o right_a line_n before_o the_o leader_n of_o the_o odd_a file_n if_o the_o command_n be_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o the_o odd_a fill_v before_o the_o evin_n if_o the_o command_n be_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n or_o else_o it_o be_v do_v when_o the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o file_n upon_o either_o flank_n march_v forth_o together_o and_o advance_v before_o the_o file_n of_o the_o other_o flank_n according_a as_o the_o command_n be_v to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n if_o to_o the_o right_n the_o file_n of_o the_o left_a flank_n advance_v before_o the_o right_a flank_n if_o to_o the_o left_a the_o file_n of_o the_o right_a flank_n advance_v before_o the_o file_n of_o the_o left_a flank_n as_o in_o the_o figure_n follow_v rstv_n nopq_n defghi_n xyzabc_n the_o figure_n n._n o._n p._n q._n show_v a_o double_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n by_o 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their_o distance_n by_o pace_v observe_v that_o close_n and_o open_v both_o of_o file_n and_o rank_n be_v one_o another_o reducement_n as_o if_o you_o close_v file_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o will_v reduce_v they_o to_o their_o first_o station_n command_v they_o to_o open_a to_o the_o left_a if_o you_o open_v file_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n to_o bring_v they_o as_o they_o be_v you_o must_v close_v file_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n if_o you_o close_v to_o the_o middle_n open_a to_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v by_o division_n and_o so_o they_o be_v reduce_v &_o è_fw-la contra_fw-la again_o if_o you_o close_a rank_n forward_o open_v they_o backward_o and_o so_o you_o bring_v they_o as_o they_o be_v &_o è_fw-la contra_fw-la 28._o contra_fw-la aelian_a tact._n e._n 28._o aelian_a call_v a_o open_n of_o file_n or_o rank_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o double_n of_o the_o length_n or_o depth_n in_o place_n which_o in_o my_o opinion_n be_v not_o fit_o spokin_n for_o although_o file_n and_o rank_n be_v open_v to_o a_o great_a distance_n yet_o the_o battle_n can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v double_v the_o use_n of_o open_v and_o close_v the_o battle_n in_o length_n and_o depth_n you_o may_v find_v 3._o find_v supra_fw-la tit._n 3._o before_o when_o i_o speak_v of_o distance_n to_o the_o which_o i_o remit_v you_o for_o i_o will_v repeat_v nothing_o only_o this_o i_o add_v that_o battle_n be_v open_v and_o close_v when_o a_o general_n will_v make_v his_o army_n appear_v strong_a or_o weak_a according_a as_o he_o mind_v to_o terrify_v or_o allure_v the_o enemy_n file_n be_v close_v to_o the_o right_n or_o last_o hand_n when_o a_o troop_n of_o horse_n or_o foot_n or_o waggones_n with_o baggage_n be_v to_o pass_v betwixt_o either_o of_o your_o flank_n and_o some_o strait_n file_n be_v close_v to_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v by_o division_n when_o you_o will_v make_v a_o street_n through_o your_o battle_n for_o a_o general_n or_o some_o great_a commander_n to_o pass_v of_o 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be_v carry_v about_o the_o corner_n file-leader_n as_o about_o a_o centre_n and_o change_v the_o place_n of_o the_o front_n transfer_v the_o countenance_n of_o the_o soldier_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a flank_n 31._o flank_n aelian_a tact._n c._n 31._o aelian_a in_o a_o other_o place_n set_v it_o down_o more_o ample_o &_o it_o be_v thus_o to_o be_v perform_v you_o must_v command_v the_o file_n to_o close_a to_o the_o hand_n to_o which_o you_o mean_v to_o wheel_n &_o the_o rank_n to_o close_v also_o forwards_o then_o you_o cause_v the_o corner_n file-leader_n on_o the_o examine_v hand_n to_o stand_v still_o as_o the_o fix_a foot_n of_o a_o compass_n but_o move_v in_o his_o own_o place_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n keep_v their_o file_n and_o rank_n close_v to_o turn_v to_o the_o examine_v hand_n joint_o about_o the_o corner_n file-leader_n until_o the_o front_n of_o your_o battle_n be_v towards_o the_o flank_n to_o which_o you_o wheel_v so_o that_o the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n be_v wheel_v fall_v like_o a_o perpendicular_a line_n upon_o the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n before_o it_o wheel_v make_v a_o right_a angle_n of_o 90_o degree_n at_o the_o corner_n file-leader_n about_o who_o they_o wheel_v and_o the_o flank_n fall_v upon_o the_o front_n as_o a_o parallel_n which_o the_o figure_n follow_v show_v abcdef_n ghiklm_a the_o figure_n abcdef_n be_v a_o epistrophe_n or_o whee_fw-mi ling_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n cdef_n be_v the_o battle_n before_o the_o wheeling_n whereof_o cd_o be_v the_o front_n df_n the_o right_a hand_n file_n the_o command_n be_v give_v the_o right_a hand_n file-leader_n d_o who_o be_v thus_o mark_a *_o stand_v in_o his_o place_n
half_a turn_n the_o file_n k_o o_o and_o k_n n_n shall_v come_v to_o be_v the_o flank_n of_o the_o battle_n and_o i_o m_o and_o l_o p_o shall_v join_v in_o the_o middle_n this_o be_v of_o good_a use_n against_o troop_n of_o horse_n come_v to_o charge_v both_o your_o flank_n for_o the_o pick_v may_v withstand_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o the_o musquetier_n play_v upon_o they_o from_o the_o middle_n the_o word_n of_o command_n wheel_v your_o battle_n to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a hand_n about_o by_o division_n if_o you_o will_v reduce_v any_o of_o those_o to_o their_o first_o station_n you_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v but_o to_o face_n to_o the_o contrary_a hand_n and_o to_o wheel_v your_o battle_n back_o the_o contrary_a way_n quarter_n turn_v or_o half_a turn_n as_o they_o wheel_v first_o and_o then_o they_o face_n as_o they_o be_v 31._o be_v aelian_a tact._n c._n 24._o &_o cap._n 31._o aelian_a describe_v a_o triple_a wheel_v which_o he_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o i_o think_v it_o be_v a_o superfluous_a and_o foolish_a motion_n neither_o can_v i_o believe_v that_o ever_o the_o greek_n do_v use_v it_o for_o to_o what_o effect_n shall_v you_o make_v a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o triple_a wheel_v of_o your_o battle_n to_o the_o pick_n or_o the_o target_n when_o a_o single_a wheel_a or_o quarter_n turn_v to_o the_o contrary_a hand_n will_v effect_v the_o examine_v with_o great_a readiness_n and_o thrice_o alse_a little_a pain_n and_o time_n as_o for_o example_n if_o you_o make_v a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o the_o target_n that_o be_v if_o you_o wheel_v your_o battle_n thrice_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n you_o bring_v the_o front_n of_o it_o to_o the_o right_a flank_n against_o the_o enemy_n now_o if_o you_o make_v but_o one_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o single_a wheel_a to_o the_o right_a hand_n you_o do_v the_o same_o thing_n and_o i_o think_v there_o be_v no_o man_n of_o sense_n but_o will_v accord_v that_o it_o 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not_o disput_n because_o it_o be_v think_v heavy_a and_o unwealdie_n for_o a_o arm_a man_n and_o very_o noisome_a in_o a_o march_n yet_o i_o think_v that_o custom_n and_o exercise_n will_v alleviat_v those_o difficulty_n and_o i_o believe_v no_o good_a commander_n will_v deny_v but_o it_o be_v expedient_a that_o strong_a able_a man_n be_v file_n leader_n of_o every_o battaillon_n be_v appoint_v to_o carry_v large_a target_n of_o proof_n after_o the_o macedonian_a fashion_n that_o under_o the_o shadow_n of_o they_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o battalion_n may_v be_v shelter_v from_o the_o shot_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o also_o the_o battalion_n may_v be_v keep_v strong_a against_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o enemy_n mind_v to_o break_v it_o as_o the_o grecke_n do_v when_o they_o make_v their_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o do_v mighty_o astonish_v the_o roman_n themselves_o when_o they_o have_v ado_n with_o they_o for_o 〈◊〉_d for_o plutar._n in_o emilio_n suidas_n in_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d consul_n lucius_n aemilius_n saepe_fw-la apud_fw-la romanos_fw-la confitebatur_fw-la se_fw-la nihil_fw-la unquam_fw-la vidisse_fw-la terrililius_fw-la phalange_n macedonicâ_fw-la now_o as_o for_o the_o particular_a exercise_n of_o the_o pickeman_n alone_o there_o be_v no_o other_o but_o that_o they_o ought_v exact_o to_o do_v their_o posture_n show_v 5._o show_v supra_fw-la tit._n 5._o before_o the_o motion_n which_o i_o have_v hitherto_o describe_v be_v alike_o competent_a to_o they_o &_o the_o musquetier_n for_o ordinarlie_v the_o pickeman_n in_o time_n of_o fight_n or_o skirmish_n do_v nothing_o until_o the_o battle_n come_v near_o to_o push_v of_o pick_n and_o then_o only_o they_o charge_v their_o pick_n against_o the_o enemy_n for_o the_o birding_n of_o sustain_v the_o fight_n before_o that_o lie_v upon_o the_o musquetier_n of_o both_o side_n during_o which_o time_n the_o pickeman_n stand_v as_o idle_a spectator_n serve_v only_o as_o a_o prop_n for_o the_o enemy_n shot_n and_o never_o be_v able_a to_o offend_v they_o which_o be_v a_o pitiful_a consideration_n to_o remead_v this_o inconvenient_a the_o gentleman_n soldier_n of_o the_o train_a band_n of_o the_o artillery_n guard_v of_o london_n do_v practice_v a_o shoot_n with_o the_o bow_n they_o who_o be_v pickeman_n without_o any_o disturbance_n or_o hindrance_n of_o the_o use_n of_o their_o pick_n which_o be_v thus_o do_v they_o have_v a_o bow_n tie_v to_o the_o pick_n in_o that_o place_n where_o they_o shoulder_n by_o a_o little_a engine_n or_o vice_n about_o which_o it_o turn_v as_o they_o listen_v so_o that_o plant_v the_o butt-end_n of_o the_o pick_n on_o the_o ground_n against_o the_o right_a foot_n and_o hold_v the_o bow_n with_o their_o left_a arm_n the_o pick_v slope_v and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o rest_n unto_o the_o bow_n they_o shoot_v off_o their_o volie_n of_o arrow_n which_o hang_v in_o a_o case_n at_o their_o girdle_n behind_o their_o back_n with_o great_a ease_n &_o dexterity_n if_o they_o be_v exercise_v therewith_o &_o thereafter_o they_o may_v fasten_v their_o bow_n to_o a_o little_a pin_n and_o recover_v their_o pick_n order_n advance_v shoulder_n or_o do_v any_o other_o posture_n command_v as_o well_o with_o the_o bow_n as_o without_o it_o when_o the_o whole_a battle_n shootte_n the_o follower_n must_v shoot_v throw_v their_o own_o file_n over_o their_o leader_n head_n &_o they_o must_v stand_v in_o order_n at_o the_o least_o but_o when_o the_o enemy_n come_v near_o hand_n to_o charge_n the_o first_o five_o rank_n must_v close_o to_o their_o close_a order_n and_o if_o it_o be_v against_o horse_n while_o they_o foot_n their_o pick_v to_o receive_v the_o charge_n and_o have_v their_o sword_n draw_v the_o last_o five_o rank_n may_v shoot_v their_o voly_n of_o arrove_n and_o do_v great_a execution_n against_o they_o whereas_o without_o their_o bow_n they_o can_v do_v nothing_o but_o stand_v with_o their_o pick_n port_a the_o word_n of_o command_n 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they_o have_v the_o pick_v more_o at_o command_n to_o turn_v where_o they_o will_n the_o posturs_n of_o the_o musketeer_n be_v those_o follow_v our_o scot_n in_o the_o right_a hand_n columme_n the_o english_a in_o the_o left_a 1._o take_v up_o your_o musket_n and_o your_o rest_n 2._o recover_v your_o musket_n &_o join_v your_o rest_n to_o your_o musq_fw-la 3._o draw_v out_o your_o match_n 4._o blow_v your_o match_n 5._o cock_n your_o match_n 6._o try_v your_o match_n 7._o guard_v your_o pan_n 8._o present_v by_o blow_v your_o match_n and_o open_v your_o pan_n 9_o give_v fire_n 10._o dismount_v your_o musket_n &_o carry_v it_o with_o your_o rest_n 11._o vncocke_n your_o match_n 12._o return_v your_o match_n 13._o blow_v your_o pan_n 14._o prime_n your_o pan_n 15._o shoot_v your_o pan_n 16._o cast_v off_o your_o louse_n powder_n 17_o blow_v your_o pan_n lid_n 18._o cast_v about_o your_o musket_n and_o traill_v your_o staff_n 19_o charge_v your_o musket_n 20._o draw_v out_o your_o ram_n stick_v 21._o shorten_v your_o ram-sticke_a 22_o put_v in_o your_o bullet_n and_o ram_v down_o your_o powder_n &_o bullet_n 23._o draw_v out_o your_o ram_n stick_v 24._o shorten_v your_o ram_n stick_v 25._o put_v up_o your_o ram_n stick_v 26._o fetch_v your_o musket_n forward_o with_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o hold_v it_o up_o in_o the_o right_n and_o recover_v the_o staff_n 27._o shoulder_v your_o musket_n and_o carry_v your_o staff_n with_o it_o 28._o march_v and_o carry_v your_o staff_n in_o your_o right_a hand_n 29._o sink_v your_o musket_n and_o unshoulder_n your_o musket_n 30._o lay_v your_o musq_fw-la on_o your_o staff_n 31._o stand_v to_o your_o sentinel_n posture_n 32._o hold_v your_o musket_n in_o your_o staff_n with_o the_o left_a hand_n only_o in_o balance_n 33._o lay_v down_o your_o musket_n 1._o take_v up_o your_o musqut_n and_o your_o staff_n 2._o recover_v your_o musket_n and_o join_v your_o staff_n to_o your_o must_n 3._o take_v out_o your_o lunt_a 4._o blow_v your_o lunt_n 5._o cock_n your_o lunt_a 6._o try_v your_o lunt_a 7._o guard_v your_o pan_n 8._o present_a or_o lay_v on_o by_o blow_v your_o lunt_a &_o open_v your_o pan_n 9_o give_v fire_n 10._o take_v down_o your_o musket_n and_o carry_v it_o with_o your_o stâffe_n 11._o vncocke_n your_o lunt_a 12._o put_v your_o lunt_a between_o your_o finger_n 13._o blow_v your_o pan_n 14._o morse_n your_o pan_n 15._o shoot_v your_o pan_n 16._o cast_v off_o your_o louse_n powder_n 17_o blow_v your_o pan_n 18._o cast_v about_o your_o musket_n and_o traill_n your_o rest_n 19_o charge_v your_o musket_n 20._o draw_v forth_o your_o succourer_n 21._o shorten_v your_o succourer_n 22._o charge_v with_o bullet_n and_o ram_n down_o your_o powder_n &_o bullet_n 23_o draw_v forth_o your_o succourer_n 24_o shorten_v your_o succourer_n 25._o return_v your_o succourer_n 26._o bring_v about_o your_o musket_n and_o poise_v it_o and_o recover_v your_o rest_n 27._o shoulder_v your_o musket_n and_o carry_v your_o rest_n with_o it_o 28._o march_v and_o carry_v your_o rest_n in_o your_o right_a hand_n 29._o slip_v your_o musket_n and_o unshoulder_n your_o musket_n 30._o rest_v your_o musket_n 31._o stand_v to_o your_o sentinel_n posture_n 32._o to_o your_o salute_a posture_n 33._o lay_v down_o your_o musket_n observe_v that_o all_o this_o multitude_n of_o posture_n in_o service_n be_v redact_v to_o three_o make_v ready_a present_a and_o give_v fire_n the_o musketeer_n upon_o a_o march_n be_v always_o to_o have_v his_o musket_n shoulder_v and_o the_o rest_n in_o his_o right_a hand_n his_o left_a upon_o the_o butte-end_n or_o head_n of_o the_o musket_n although_o i_o have_v see_v many_o soldier_n and_o chief_o the_o lazy_a duchess_n to_o carry_v their_o musket_n with_o their_o hand_n upon_o the_o barrel_n and_o the_o mouth_n before_o they_o which_o be_v a_o unseemelie_a posture_n and_o very_o unready_a for_o service_n upon_o one_o halt_n or_o stand_v the_o musketeer_n be_v always_o to_o rest_v his_o musket_n unless_o he_o have_v command_v to_o the_o contrary_n the_o musquetier_n be_v to_o carry_v the_o mouth_n of_o their_o musket_n high_a as_o well_o when_o they_o be_v shoulder_v as_o when_o they_o prime_a or_o guard_v their_o pan_n or_o come_v up_o to_o give_v fire_n and_o when_o they_o blow_v their_o match_n they_o be_v to_o bring_v their_o musket_n to_o their_o mouth_n and_o not_o to_o stoop_v to_o it_o a_o musketeer_n in_o make_v ready_a and_o in_o fall_v away_o through_o a_o division_n or_o by_o countermarch_a must_v take_v good_a heed_n to_o carry_v his_o musket_n in_o a_o evin_n straight_a line_n with_o his_o file_n for_o if_o he_o carry_v it_o cross_v he_o will_v disturb_v his_o neighbour_n file_n when_o they_o give_v fire_n against_o the_o enemy_n be_v in_o open_a field_n they_o must_v aim_v no_o high_o than_o the_o girdle_n of_o a_o man_n but_o within_o a_o trench_n or_o parapet_n where_o perchance_o nothing_o shall_v be_v discover_v but_o the_o head_n of_o the_o enemy_n they_o must_v aim_v at_o that_o part_n which_o appear_v how_o those_o posture_n as_o well_o of_o the_o pick_n as_o musket_n be_v to_o be_v perform_v may_v be_v somewhat_o understand_v by_o the_o figure_n which_o be_v set_v down_o in_o his_o excellence_n grave_a maurice_n his_o book_n of_o posture_n but_o they_o be_v never_o to_o be_v learn_v without_o action_n and_o practice_n of_o motion_n and_o first_o of_o face_v tit._n 6._o soldiers_z then_o be_v arm_v and_o draw_v up_o in_o a_o orderly_a body_n and_o know_v their_o distance_n march_n &_o posture_n the_o chief_a thing_n thereafter_o that_o they_o be_v to_o learn_v be_v their_o motion_n which_o be_v the_o life_n of_o a_o army_n for_o as_o the_o soul_n be_v to_o the_o body_n so_o be_v motion_n to_o a_o
town_n do_v charge_v his_o rear_n but_o if_o your_o enemy_n charge_v both_o front_n and_o rear_n they_o you_o must_v face_v about_o the_o half_a of_o your_o battle_n that_o be_v if_o you_o be_v 10._o deep_a you_o face_n about_o the_o half_a file_n or_o middle-man_n with_o their_o follower_n which_o be_v the_o last_o five_o rank_n to_o the_o rear_n so_o you_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o receive_v his_o charge_n both_o in_o front_n and_o rear_n the_o 38._o the_o aelian_a tact._n c._n 38._o greek_n call_v this_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o not_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o captain_n bingam_n will_v have_v it_o the_o figure_n follow_v will_v manifest_v they_o pqrs_n tuxy_n the_o figure_n p._n q._n r._n s._n be_v a_o face_v of_o the_o whole_a battle_n to_o the_o rear_n by_o the_o right_n or_o the_o left_a where_o r.s._n which_o before_o be_v the_o rear_n be_v now_o become_v the_o front_n and_o the_o front_n before_o p.q._n now_o the_o rear_n the_o right_a flank_n q.s._n now_o the_o left_a the_o left_a p.r._n now_o the_o right_n the_o figure_n t._n v._n x._o y._n be_v a_o face_v only_o of_o the_o half_a file_n or_o last_o five_o rank_n to_o the_o rear_n so_o that_o you_o see_v the_o one_o half_a of_o your_o battle_n both_o pick_v and_o musquetier_v face_v towards_o the_o front_n t._n v._o and_o the_o other_o half_o face_v towards_o the_o rear_n x._o y._n which_o be_v now_o also_o become_v a_o front_n so_o that_o it_o be_v likewise_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o a_o double_a front_a battle_n the_o word_n of_o command_n be_v those_o as_o you_o be_v face_n to_o the_o right_n about_o face_n to_o the_o leave_v about_o half_a file_n face_n to_o the_o right_n or_o leave_v about_o some_o say_v only_o to_o the_o right_n about_o to_o the_o leave_v about_o etc._n etc._n count_n war_n count_n in_o his_o direct_a of_o war_n mansfield_n his_o word_n of_o command_n be_v by_o the_o right_a hand_n to_o the_o rear_n by_o the_o left_a hand_n to_o the_o rear_n which_o be_v all_o one_o with_o the_o former_a but_o our_o scots_a word_n to_o your_o first_o order_n right_o round_o about_o leave_v round_o about_o sixth_o rank_n right_a or_o leave_v round_o about_o they_o be_v very_o unproper_a and_o i_o wish_v our_o commander_n can_v agree_v to_o change_v they_o for_o to_o turn_v round_o about_o be_v to_o bring_v your_o face_n to_o the_o part_n where_o you_o stand_v in_o before_o you_o turn_v and_o so_o you_o shall_v face_v not_o to_o the_o rear_n but_o to_o the_o front_n again_o if_o the_o enemy_n charge_v you_o on_o all_o side_n you_o must_v face_v to_o the_o front_n rear_n and_o flank_n the_o grecian_n call_v this_o battle_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d alexander_n at_o arbela_n be_v force_v to_o draw_v up_o his_o battle_n after_o this_o fashion_n as_o 3._o as_o frontinus_n stratagem_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 3._o frontinus_n do_v report_v alexander_n ad_fw-la arbela_n cum_fw-la hostium_fw-la multitudinem_fw-la vereretur_fw-la virtuti_fw-la autem_fw-la suorum_fw-la fideret_fw-la aciem_fw-la in_o omnem_fw-la partem_fw-la spectantem_fw-la ordinavit_fw-la ut_fw-la circumventi_fw-la undique_fw-la pugnare_fw-la possent_fw-la it_o be_v also_o describe_v by_o 36._o by_o aelian_a tact._n c._n 36._o aelian_a to_o who_o i_o refer_v the_o reader_n for_o i_o can_v insist_v particular_o in_o all_o thing_n but_o you_o shall_v mark_v that_o when_o such_o a_o charge_n be_v expect_v and_o that_o you_o be_v force_v to_o frame_v such_o a_o battle_n you_o must_v enlarge_v your_o deipth_n above_o 10._o but_o before_o i_o go_v further_o i_o must_v advertise_v you_o of_o one_o thing_n which_o will_v serve_v in_o all_o motion_n when_o you_o will_v reduce_v your_o soldier_n to_o their_o first_o station_n you_o be_v to_o command_v they_o as_o you_o be_v or_o to_o your_o first_o order_n which_o the_o 27._o the_o aelian_a tactic_n cap._n 25._o &_o 27._o greek_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 79._o 〈◊〉_d leo_fw-la tact._n cap._n 7._o §_o 79._o leo_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o french_a call_v it_o remettez_fw-fr vous_fw-fr and_o so_o you_o be_v to_o bring_v they_o back_o to_o the_o place_n from_o which_o they_o go_v by_o the_o contrary_a way_n as_o for_o example_n if_o they_o turn_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n they_o must_v return_v back_o again_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n if_o they_o turn_v to_o the_o left_a they_o must_v return_v to_o the_o right_n if_o they_o turn_v to_o the_o right_n about_o they_o must_v return_v to_o the_o leave_v about_o and_o so_o forth_o aelian_a 25._o aelian_a aelian_a tact._n cap._n 25._o describe_v this_o motion_n to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o restore_v the_o soldier_n sight_n to_o the_o former_a aspect_n he_o have_v in_o the_o beginning_n that_o be_v before_o he_o turn_v of_o doubling_n tit._n 7._o double_v be_v a_o motion_n of_o a_o part_n of_o the_o battle_n for_o the_o part_n double_v stand_v and_o the_o part_n double_v only_o move_v whereby_o either_o the_o length_n or_o the_o deipth_n be_v augment_v and_o therefore_o double_v be_v of_o two_o sort_n rank_n double_v of_o rank_n of_o rank_n or_o of_o file_n double_v of_o rank_n be_v a_o motion_n whereby_o the_o length_n of_o the_o battle_n be_v enlarge_v and_o the_o deipth_n diminish_v by_o insert_v the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o rank_n in_o the_o other_o 109._o other_o leo_fw-la tact._n cap._n 7._o §_o 16._o etc._n etc._n 9_o §_o 109._o leo_n call_v this_o motion_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 28._o 〈◊〉_d aelian_a tact._n c._n 28._o aelian_a call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o motion_n be_v perform_v sundry_a way_n first_o when_o the_o evin_a rank_n be_v insert_v into_o the_o odds_n as_o the_o second_o in_o the_o first_o the_o four_o in_o the_o three_o the_o sixth_o in_o the_o five_o and_o so_o forth_o and_o this_o be_v to_o be_v do_v either_o to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n if_o the_o command_n be_v to_o double_a to_o the_o right_a hand_n than_o every_o man_n that_o double_v step_n forward_o upon_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o his_o leader_n if_o the_o command_n be_v to_o the_o left_a he_o that_o double_v step_n forward_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n of_o his_o leader_n so_o that_o of_o ten_o rank_n they_o become_v five_o and_o consequent_o five_o deep_a and_o if_o they_o be_v before_o 20._o in_o rank_n they_o become_v 40._o and_o therefore_o 40._o file_n as_o in_o the_o figure_n follow_v be_v show_v abcd_a efgh_v the_o figure_n a._n b._n c._n d._n be_v a_o double_n of_o rank_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n where_o you_o see_v the_o evin_a rank_n 2.4.6.8.10_o step_v forward_o upon_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o their_o leader_n the_o odd_a rank_n 1._o 3._o 5._o 7._o 9_o the_o evin_a rank_n be_v mark_v with_o these_o point_n ....._o by_o which_o you_o may_v consider_v the_o place_n they_o stand_v in_o before_o the_o double_n and_o these_o mark_n show_v the_o way_n they_o go_v up_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o their_o leader_n and_o be_v double_v you_o see_v the_o second_o rank_n be_v insert_v in_o the_o first_o the_o 4._o in_o the_o 3._o the_o 6._o in_o the_o 5_o the_o 8._o in_o the_o 7_o the_o 10_o in_o the_o 9_o the_o figure_n e._n f._n g._n h._n be_v a_o double_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n where_o you_o see_v the_o evin_a rank_n be_v insert_v as_o the_o former_a but_o only_o that_o they_o step_v forward_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n of_o their_o leader_n as_o these_o mark_n \\\\_o show_v in_o the_o first_o figure_n i_o have_v put_v the_o number_n of_o the_o rank_n upon_o the_o left_a flank_n a._n c_o in_o the_o second_o on_o the_o right_a flank_n f._n h._n because_o the_o motion_n be_v most_o perceptible_a upon_o those_o side_n the_o motion_n be_v to_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o soldier_n in_o three_o step_n do_v how_o the_o motion_n be_v do_v begin_v with_o the_o left_a leg_n and_o step_v forward_o with_o the_o right_n upon_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n of_o their_o leader_n and_o then_o bring_v up_o the_o left_a leg_n place_n themselves_o in_o evin_a rank_n with_o the_o rest_n but_o in_o reducement_n they_o must_v turn_v to_o the_o contrary_a hand_n that_o be_v if_o they_o double_v to_o the_o right_n they_o must_v turn_v again_o to_o the_o left_a and_o if_o they_o double_v to_o the_o left_a they_o must_v turn_v to_o the_o right_n because_o it_o be_v the_o short_a way_n to_o to_o their_o own_o place_n the_o word_n of_o command_n be_v rank_n as_o you_o be_v rank_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n double_a rank_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n double_a our_o scots_a word_n of_o command_n rank_n to_o your_o
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and_o therefore_o in_o a_o instant_n you_o draw_v up_o your_o man_n 20._o in_o file_n and_o 20._o in_o rank_n but_o if_o you_o be_v to_o make_v up_o any_o other_o square_a battle_n quadrilaterall_a which_o be_v def_n be_v evil_n lib._n 1._o in_o def_n figura_fw-la alter_v a_o part_n longior_fw-la call_v by_o the_o french_a battallion_n quarreen_n longue_fw-fr you_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v but_o to_o divide_v the_o number_n of_o your_o man_n by_o the_o deipth_n give_v and_o the_o quotus_fw-la shall_v be_v the_o length_n of_o your_o front_n which_o i_o show_v before_o as_o in_o this_o instance_n divide_v 400._o by_o the_o deipth_n of_o 10._o the_o quotus_fw-la 40._o shall_v give_v you_o 40._o in_o rank_n and_o siclike_o of_o any_o great_a number_n the_o figure_n follow_v a._n b._n show_v the_o first_o c._n d._n the_o second_o a.b._n c.d._n observe_v by_o the_o way_n that_o with_o a_o contrary_a operation_n you_o may_v at_o the_o first_o sight_n find_v the_o number_n ofa_fw-mi batallion_n pass_v by_o it_o and_o count_v the_o length_n &_o the_o deipth_n thereof_o &_o multiply_v the_o one_o by_o the_o other_o as_o in_o the_o former_a instance_n multiply_v 40._o in_o rank_n by_o 10_o in_o file_n you_o shall_v find_v the_o whole_a number_n to_o be_v 400._o i_o will_v not_o here_o speak_v of_o the_o other_o battle_n which_o be_v not_o square_a as_o of_o round_a demilunar_a concave_a or_o convexe_a rombus_n or_o diamond_n triangle_n or_o vedge_n which_o be_v half_a a_o diamond_n and_o such_o like_o other_o because_o they_o be_v not_o fit_v for_o march_v neither_o be_v they_o now_o much_o use_v in_o battle_n or_o fight_n as_o also_o they_o be_v describe_v 47._o describe_v aelian_a tact._n cap._n 46_o 47._o by_o aelian_a where_o they_o may_v be_v find_v by_o any_o who_o be_v curious_a to_o understand_v they_o but_o before_o i_o go_v further_o i_o must_v advertise_v of_o one_o thing_n that_o the_o soldier_n be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o several_a beat_v of_o the_o drum_n and_o to_o understand_v when_o the_o drum_n beat_v a_o call_n or_o gather_v a_o march_n a_o troop_n a_o charge_n a_o retreat_n a_o relief_n and_o according_a as_o the_o drum_n beat_v swift_a or_o slow_a so_o to_o accommodate_v their_o motion_n as_o to_o march_v slow_a or_o fast_o to_o charge_v with_o great_a or_o less_o violence_n to_o retire_v with_o great_a or_o less_o speed_n and_o so_o forth_o of_o the_o several_a posture_n of_o the_o pick_n and_o musket_n it_o be_v 5._o in_o the_o next_o place_n the_o soldier_n be_v to_o be_v teach_v the_o use_n and_o posture_n of_o the_o arm_n that_o every_o one_o of_o they_o do_v carry_v be_v they_o pick_v or_o musket_n and_o to_o handle_v they_o gracefullie_o the_o posture_n then_o which_o the_o pickeman_n shall_v use_v either_o stand_v or_o march_v be_v these_o follow_v in_o the_o column_n upon_o the_o right_a hand_n be_v contain_v the_o term_n of_o command_n in_o our_o scots_a language_n on_o the_o leave_v the_o english_a for_o i_o 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by_o palm_v 10._o porte_fw-fr you_o pick_v 11._o present_v your_o pick_n fordward_o 12._o to_o the_o right_a hand_n or_o right_a about_o present_a your_o pick_n 13._o to_o the_o left_a hand_n or_o leave_v about_o present_v your_o pick_n 14._o to_o the_o rear_n or_o to_o the_o lief_a rood_n about_o present_a your_o pick_n 15._o foot_n your_o pick_n and_o draw_v your_o sword_n 16._o lay_v down_o your_o pick_n observe_v that_o those_o three_o posture_n take_v up_o your_o pick_n order_v your_o pick_n lay_v down_o your_o pick_n be_v to_o be_v do_v only_o stand_v the_o rest_n stand_v or_o march_v but_o you_o must_v remark_n that_o when_o your_o soldier_n charge_n stand_v to_o