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legion_n do_v when_o they_o be_v to_o fight_v with_o perseus_n and_o his_o macedonian_a phalange_n for_o at_o those_o time_n they_o lean_v and_o rest_v themselves_o on_o their_o shield_n they_o make_v also_o good_a use_n of_o those_o point_n by_o push_v and_o thrust_v with_o they_o at_o a_o enemy_n when_o they_o come_v to_o any_o close_a medley_n many_o and_o almost_o all_o nation_n beside_o the_o grecian_n and_o roman_n make_v use_v of_o shield_n especial_o the_o gaul_n and_o german_n who_o peradventure_o have_v the_o use_n of_o they_o before_o the_o roman_n be_v a_o nation_n of_o shield_n either_o in_o battle_n or_o at_o the_o take_n of_o town_n and_o fort_n be_v shield_n a_o tortoise_n oâ—_n shield_n compose_v that_o figure_n which_o the_o roman_n call_v testudo_fw-la or_o tortoise_n because_o it_o resemble_v that_o animal_n which_o cover_v itself_o within_o its_o shell_n and_o there_o be_v two_o kind_n of_o it_o the_o first_o be_v frame_v thus_o the_o first_o rank_n cover_v their_o 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brisk_a and_o sudden_a a_o a_o charge_n that_o his_o soldier_n have_v not_o time_n enough_o to_o put_v on_o their_o headpiece_n or_o pull_v their_o shield_n out_o of_o their_o cover_n and_o it_o be_v necessary_a they_o shall_v have_v be_v cover_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o those_o device_n and_o coat_n of_o arm_n that_o be_v paint_v on_o they_o a_o custom_n use_v by_o several_a nation_n before_o romulus_n lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o rome_n but_o both_o before_o and_o long_o after_o the_o roman_n have_v overmastered_a the_o habitable_a world_n or_o most_o of_o it_o man_n use_v to_o arms._n coat_n of_o arms._n put_v on_o their_o shield_n what_o fancy_n or_o device_n they_o like_v best_a some_o bird_n some_o beast_n of_o several_a kind_n some_o the_o noble_a action_n of_o their_o ancestor_n some_o the_o sun_n some_o the_o moon_n and_o some_o a_o lesser_a star_n this_o i_o suppose_v give_v the_o rise_n to_o many_o of_o our_o romance_n writer_n to_o give_v several_a denomination_n to_o all_o their_o knight_n errant_a by_o the_o device_n of_o their_o shield_n and_o to_o make_v they_o distinguishable_a thereby_o when_o their_o face_n be_v undiscernible_a with_o the_o beavor_n of_o their_o helmet_n but_o in_o after_o age_n prince_n think_v fit_a to_o restrain_v man_n from_o the_o vanity_n of_o take_v coat_n of_o arm_n as_o they_o please_v till_o they_o be_v give_v they_o by_o authority_n hence_o have_v the_o herald_n their_o rise_n and_o if_o they_o be_v permit_v to_o exercise_v their_o office_n strict_o it_o be_v to_o be_v think_v we_o shall_v not_o see_v so_o many_o extravagant_a coat_n in_o the_o world_n i_o be_v acquaint_v long_o ago_o with_o a_o german_a and_o there_o be_v many_o good_a herald_n of_o that_o nation_n who_o have_v assume_v for_o his_o coat_n the_o french_a king_n arm_n i_o ask_v
he_o know_v best_o but_o the_o old_a roman_n dart_v their_o â—avelines_n as_o they_o be_v advance_v towards_o the_o enemy_n and_o be_v command_v by_o their_o general_n to_o make_v haste_n to_o come_v to_o dint_n of_o sword_n esteem_v by_o they_o the_o prince_n of_o weapon_n so_o caesar_n legionary_n at_o pharsalia_n be_v order_v after_o each_o man_n have_v cast_v his_o javeline_n to_o run_v to_o the_o shock_n which_o according_o they_o do_v the_o manner_n of_o throw_v their_o pila_fw-la be_v that_o the_o first_o rank_n throw_v first_o and_o immediate_o throw_v how_o they_o be_v throw_v bow_v down_o that_o the_o second_o rank_n may_v cast_v over_o their_o head_n so_o do_v the_o three_o and_o four_o and_o the_o rest_n till_o all_o the_o rank_n have_v throw_v when_o they_o stand_v in_o order_n of_o battle_n they_o use_v to_o stick_v their_o javelines_n in_o the_o ground_n till_o the_o sign_n be_v give_v so_o it_o seem_v they_o be_v sharp_a at_o both_o end_n and_o no_o doubt_n in_o time_n 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twenty_o first_o book_n falarica_fw-la be_v a_o kind_n of_o dart_n use_v by_o the_o saguntines_n when_o hannibal_n besiege_v their_o city_n perhaps_o they_o invent_v it_o at_o that_o siege_n it_o have_v a_o long_a shaft_n round_o and_o even_o every_o where_o except_o towards_o the_o end_n of_o it_o and_o that_o be_v head_v with_o iron_n three_o foot_n long_o tow_n be_v wrap_v about_o it_o smear_v with_o pitch_n this_o tow_n they_o fire_v when_o they_o be_v to_o lance_v the_o dart_n the_o violent_a motion_n increase_v the_o fire_n insomuch_o as_o when_o it_o can_v not_o pierce_v the_o body_n it_o force_v the_o soldier_n to_o cast_v away_o his_o shield_n or_o corslet_n and_o so_o expose_v he_o disarm_v to_o the_o dart_n or_o arrow_n which_o be_v shoot_v afterward_o the_o timber_n of_o the_o roman_a dart_n darter_n roman_n darter_n may_v be_v two_o foot_n long_o and_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o man_n finger_n the_o point_n of_o it_o of_o iron_n one_o foot_n long_o sharp_a small_a and_o subtle_a that_o it_o may_v pierce_v and_o in_o pierce_a bow_n that_o so_o a_o enemy_n may_v not_o make_v use_n of_o it_o by_o throw_v it_o back_o again_o but_o this_o be_v the_o practice_n of_o other_o nation_n as_o well_o as_o the_o roman_n yet_o i_o pray_v observe_v what_o livy_n say_v in_o contradiction_n of_o this_o in_o that_o battle_n which_o i_o mention_v but_o a_o little_a before_o the_o triarii_n gather_v up_o all_o the_o dart_n for_o they_o be_v allow_v to_o carry_v none_o of_o their_o own_o which_o be_v stray_v all_o over_o the_o field_n and_o no_o doubt_n have_v be_v all_o cast_v before_o and_o with_o these_o they_o disorder_v the_o gaul_n who_o have_v make_v a_o penthouse_n of_o their_o shield_n and_o so_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n what_o shall_v we_o then_o believe_v and_o be_v it_o not_o strange_a too_o that_o these_o darter_n will_v throw_v their_o dart_n four_o hundred_o foot_n for_o my_o part_n i_o dare_v not_o believe_v it_o and_o if_o it_o be_v true_a certain_o the_o blow_n can_v not_o be_v mortal_a the_o roman_a slinger_n use_v to_o cast_v stone_n out_o of_o ordinary_a sling_n which_o they_o slinger_n roman_n slinger_n wheel_v about_o their_o head_n and_o will_v hit_v at_o the_o distance_n of_o six_o hundred_o foot_n for_o no_o less_o as_o vegetius_n affirm_v be_v allow_v they_o at_o their_o exercise_n other_o slinger_n the_o ancient_a roman_n have_v not_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o balearick_n island_n which_o now_o be_v call_v majorca_n and_o minorca_n be_v balearâ—ans_n balearâ—ans_n esteem_v both_o the_o best_a and_o the_o first_o exerciser_n of_o the_o sling_n the_o mother_n refuse_v to_o give_v their_o child_n meat_n till_o they_o have_v hit_v the_o mark_n be_v give_v they_o to_o throw_v at_o livy_n in_o his_o thirty_o eight_o book_n cry_v up_o the_o aegean_a slinger_n of_o who_o one_o hundred_o â—â—â—ans_n â—â—â—ans_n not_o only_o beat_v back_o the_o stout_a samian_o when_o they_o sally_v out_o of_o their_o town_n but_o also_o never_o miss_v to_o â—it_n they_o when_o they_o appear_v on_o the_o parapet_n of_o their_o wall_n force_v they_o to_o render_v their_o city_n to_o marcus_n fâ—lvius_n the_o roman_a consul_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v more_o than_o probable_a that_o neither_o the_o one_o nor_o the_o other_o be_v skilful_a â—enjamites_n â—enjamites_n or_o so_o ancient_a practiser_n of_o the_o sling_n as_o the_o israelite_n for_o there_o be_v 700_o of_o one_o tribe_n who_o can_v hit_v within_o a_o hairbreadth_n with_o this_o weapon_n do_v david_n obtain_v the_o victory_n over_o goliath_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v speak_v in_o another_o place_n vegetius_n have_v reason_n to_o prefer_v the_o sling_n to_o the_o bow_n in_o this_o regard_n that_o a_o arrow_n can_v wound_v unless_o it_o pierce_v but_o a_o stone_n bruise_v though_o it_o pierce_v not_o and_o if_o it_o be_v of_o any_o weight_n it_o kill_v notwithstanding_o the_o resistance_n of_o any_o head-piece_n or_o corslet_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o emperor_n or_o a_o little_a before_o come_v the_o plumbati_n or_o martioâ—arbuli_n in_o fashion_n with_o the_o roman_n vegetius_n tell_v we_o what_o great_a service_n lead-caster_n lead-caster_n they_o do_v in_o the_o reign_v of_o dioclesian_n and_o maximian_n but_o do_v we_o not_o the_o favour_n to_o describe_v the_o thing_n itself_o they_o throw_v bullet_n of_o lead_n of_o one_o pound_n weight_n i_o do_v not_o remember_v whether_o livy_n mention_n any_o of_o they_o to_o have_v be_v among_o those_o roman_a slinger_n who_o beat_v the_o gallo-greciant_a at_o olympâ—â—_n the_o fustibalus_n battoon-slingers_a battoon-slingers_a or_o battoonsling_n be_v a_o sling_n of_o leather_n tie_v to_o a_o battoon_n of_o four_o foot_n long_o which_o the_o slinger_n manage_v with_o both_o his_o hand_n and_o out_o of_o which_o say_v vegetius_n he_o throw_v stone_n as_o out_o of_o a_o onagra_n with_o so_o great_a force_n that_o neither_o target_n head-piece_n or_o corslet_n can_v resist_v it_o but_o these_o expression_n be_v ordinary_a with_o he_o i_o be_o of_o the_o opinion_n there_o be_v no_o difference_n between_o the_o plumbati_n or_o lead-caster_n and_o the_o fustibalarii_n or_o battoon-slingers_a but_o that_o the_o first_o cast_v lead_v and_o the_o last_o great_a stone_n but_o how_o far_o our_o author_n tell_v we_o not_o archer_n be_v not_o reckon_v among_o the_o velite_n till_o the_o second_o punic_a war_n auxiliary_n archer_n auxiliary_n and_o even_o then_o they_o be_v rather_o auxiliary_n than_o either_o roman_n or_o ally_n they_o be_v however_o make_v good_a use_n of_o after_o hannibal_n invade_v italy_n vegetius_n in_o the_o fifteen_o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n affirm_v for_o which_o he_o have_v no_o authority_n of_o history_n that_o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o youth_n of_o rome_n be_v train_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o bow_n for_o
commission_n when_o this_o book_n be_v write_v for_o the_o author_n give_v he_o not_o that_o title_n in_o his_o epistle_n dedicatory_a this_o author_n do_v not_o seem_v to_o condemn_v the_o use_n of_o the_o pike_n before_o the_o invention_n of_o fire_n gun_n but_o only_o since_o and_o magisterial_o take_v upon_o he_o to_o pass_v sentence_n against_o all_o prince_n or_o state_n who_o in_o late_a time_n have_v compose_v the_o body_n of_o their_o infantry_n of_o pikeman_n i_o shall_v relate_v to_o you_o the_o strong_a of_o his_o argugument_n as_o they_o lie_v in_o order_n whereby_o he_o endeavour_v to_o get_v proselyte_n to_o this_o new_a fancy_n and_o shall_v give_v such_o answer_n to_o they_o as_o i_o conceive_v to_o be_v pertinent_a but_o shall_v not_o flatter_v myself_o with_o a_o opinion_n that_o they_o will_v be_v satisfactory_a to_o all_o in_o the_o first_o place_n he_o say_v officer_n choose_v the_o tall_a and_o able_a man_n to_o carry_v argument_n his_o first_o argument_n pike_n 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