Selected quad for the lemma: rest_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
rest_n	face_n	file_n	leader_n	4,495	5	12.8168	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A31706	The commentaries of C. Julius Cæsar of his warres in Gallia, and the civil warres betwixt him and Pompey / translated into English with many excellent and judicious observations thereupon ; as also The art of our modern training, or, Tactick practise, by Clement Edmonds Esquire, ... ; where unto is adjoyned the eighth commentary of the warres in Gallia, with some short observations upon it ; together with the life of Cæsar, and an account of his medalls ; revised, corrected, and enlarged.; De bello civili. English	Caesar, Julius.; Edmondes, Clement, Sir, 1566 or 7-1622. Observations upon Caesars commentaries of the civil warres.; Hirtius, Aulus. De bello Gallico. Liber 8. English.; Edmondes, Clement, Sir, 1566 or 7-1622. Manner of our modern training or tactick practise.; Caesar, Julius. De bello Gallico. English.	1655 (1655)	Wing C199; ESTC R17666	660,153	403

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be_v perform_v by_o countermarch_v both_o file_n and_o rank_n three_o divers_a way_n apiece_o the_o first_o be_v use_v by_o the_o macedonian_n file_n after_o this_o fashion_n first_o the_o leader_n turn_v his_o face_n about_o towards_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n 〈◊〉_d and_o so_o the_o next_o follower_n march_v behind_o his_o leader_n turn_v also_o macedonica_fw-la and_o so_o the_o three_o and_o four_o until_o the_o bringer_n up_o have_v carry_v himself_o out_o into_o a_o new_a place_n in_o the_o rear_n further_o from_o the_o enemy_n as_o he_o be_v before_o next_o unto_o he_o but_o this_o neither_o be_v nor_o be_v account_v safe_a or_o secure_a because_o it_o do_v somewhat_o resemble_v a_o fly_a or_o run_v away_o from_o the_o enemy_n which_o may_v give_v he_o no_o small_a encouragement_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o much_o in_o practice_n only_o at_o some_o time_n the_o bringer_n up_o march_v throughout_o beyond_o the_o leader_n until_o they_o possess_v the_o same_o space_n 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the_o enemy_n will_v not_o suffer_v to_o change_v their_o ground_n stand_v they_o be_v wont_n to_o countermarch_n the_o front_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n and_o be_v come_v unto_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o bringer_n up_o to_o stand_v still_o until_o the_o other_o half_a file_n have_v likewise_o march_v forth_o and_o fall_v upon_o their_o leader_n in_o every_o file_n in_o all_o these_o it_o be_v especial_o command_v evolutio_fw-la to_o march_v still_o in_o the_o same_o distance_n and_o by_o whole_a rank_n to_o prevent_v confusion_n which_o especial_o the_o enemy_n at_o hand_n must_v needs_o be_v most_o dangerous_a and_o therefore_o careful_o to_o be_v avoid_v in_o like_a sort_n the_o rank_n may_v countermarch_n when_o either_o the_o right_a wing_n will_v be_v strengthen_v by_o the_o left_a rank_n or_o the_o leave_v by_o the_o right_n always_o march_v by_o whole_a file_n towards_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n according_a as_o they_o shall_v have_v the_o direction_n either_o change_v the_o ground_n or_o upon_o the_o same_o ground_n as_o in_o the_o former_a countermarche_n there_o be_v use_v also_o another_o kind_n of_o strengthen_v both_o the_o front_n and_o flank_v when_o occasion_n shall_v be_v offer_v viz_o by_o double_v either_o file_n or_o rank_n and_o this_o either_o by_o double_v the_o number_n of_o soldier_n in_o the_o same_o file_n or_o rank_n keep_v still_o the_o same_o breadth_n and_o depth_n of_o ground_n hand_n or_o else_o by_o double_v the_o ground_n keep_v the_o same_o number_n of_o soldier_n the_o file_n be_v double_v when_o the_o second_o file_n shall_v insert_v itself_o into_o the_o first_o the_o leader_n thereof_o put_v himself_o a_o follower_n unto_o the_o leader_n of_o the_o first_o man_n and_o the_o next_o follower_n follower_n to_o the_o next_o in_o the_o first_o file_n and_o so_o forward_o and_o likewise_o the_o four_o file_n insert_v itself_o into_o the_o three_o and_o the_o six_o into_o the_o five_o and_o this_o be_v to_o be_v perform_v when_o the_o battallion_n stand_v in_o his_o order_n to_o double_v the_o place_n or_o depth_n altitudinem_fw-la be_v when_o the_o same_o number_n of_o man_n shall_v put_v themselves_o out_o of_o their_o order_n into_o their_o open_a order_n ground_n either_o by_o advance_v forward_o or_o by_o fall_v backward_o as_o they_o shall_v be_v command_v the_o rank_n be_v double_v two_o manner_n of_o way_n troop_n either_o by_o insert_v the_o second_o into_o the_o first_o to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n as_o before_z in_o the_o file_n or_o else_o the_o enemy_n be_v at_o hand_n by_o join_v whole_a troop_n together_o to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a wing_n according_a as_o occasion_n shall_v be_v offer_v longitudinem_fw-la and_o this_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v the_o safe_a when_o the_o enemy_n be_v near_o to_o avoid_v confusion_n it_o be_v perform_v either_o in_o the_o same_o ground_n or_o by_o double_v the_o ground_n when_o either_o we_o desire_v to_o exceed_v the_o front_n of_o our_o enemy_n his_o battallion_n or_o to_o prevent_v lest_o we_o ourselves_o be_v include_v the_o term_n to_o both_o be_v double_v your_o file_n or_o rank_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n and_o when_o you_o will_v have_v they_o return_v again_o into_o their_o proper_a place_n it_o be_v command_v as_o you_o be_v the_o ordinary_a direction_n which_o be_v especial_o give_v in_o these_o martial_a exercise_n be_v first_o that_o no_o man_n in_o the_o time_n of_o exercise_v or_o marshal_n shall_v be_v loud_o than_o his_o officer_n keep_v but_o every_o one_o attend_v to_o his_o place_n when_o he_o be_v command_v shall_v diligent_o hearken_v to_o such_o direction_n as_o shall_v be_v give_v the_o captain_n in_o the_o front_n shall_v speak_v and_o the_o sergeant_n in_o each_o flank_n shall_v give_v the_o word_n unto_o the_o lieutenant_n or_o ensign_n

may_v be_v furnish_v with_o the_o next_o most_o sufficient_a man_n both_o because_o of_o their_o nearness_n unto_o danger_n as_o also_o that_o if_o their_o leader_n or_o bringer_n up_o shall_v either_o be_v slay_v or_o disable_v by_o wound_n they_o may_v present_o succeed_v in_o their_o place_n and_o make_v they_o good_a there_o be_v also_o a_o good_a decorum_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o middleman_n rank_n or_o five_o and_o six_o rank_n both_o for_o the_o man_n themselves_o and_o their_o arm_n that_o in_o our_o march_n when_o the_o middleman_n or_o six_o rank_n shall_v be_v call_v up_o to_o front_n with_o their_o leader_n they_o may_v in_o some_o sort_n and_o proportion_n answer_v their_o place_n as_o also_o when_o we_o double_v our_o front_n by_o call_v up_o middleman_n to_o fight_v in_o a_o great_a breadth_n they_o may_v not_o be_v unsuitable_a but_o especial_o in_o march_n that_o they_o may_v be_v able_a to_o make_v the_o best_a resistance_n when_o they_o shall_v become_v the_o 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dishonour_n which_o by_o this_o decree_n attend_v such_o as_o undertake_v private_a combat_n make_v the_o soldier_n wise_a in_o their_o carriage_n and_o put_v a_o end_n to_o their_o sedition_n and_o civil_a discord_n but_o that_o which_o be_v yet_o worst_a of_o all_o be_v that_o custom_n have_v now_o make_v it_o so_o familiar_a that_o every_o 〈◊〉_d seem_v sufficient_a to_o call_v the_o matter_n to_o a_o private_a combat_n a_o cross_a look_n call_v another_o man_n honour_n in_o question_n but_o the_o word_n lye_n be_v of_o as_o great_a consequence_n as_o any_o stab_n or_o villainy_n whatsoever_o whereat_o we_o may_v well_o wonder_v how_o it_o happen_v that_o we_o feel_v ourselves_o so_o much_o exasperate_v at_o the_o reproach_n of_o that_o vice_n which_o we_o so_o ordinary_o commit_v for_o in_o the_o custom_n of_o these_o time_n to_o cast_v upon_o we_o the_o lie_n be_v the_o great_a in_o jury_n that_o word_n can_v do_v unto_o we_o and_o yet_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o frequent_a in_o our_o mouth_n it_o may_v be_v a_o property_n in_o our_o nature_n to_o stand_v chief_o in_o the_o defence_n of_o that_o corruption_n unto_o which_o we_o be_v most_o subject_a i_o speak_v not_o this_o to_o qualify_v the_o foulness_n of_o this_o vice_n for_o i_o hold_v a_o liar_n to_o be_v a_o monster_n in_o nature_n one_o that_o contemn_v god_n and_o fear_v man_n as_o a_o ancient_a father_n say_v but_o to_o show_v the_o crookedness_n of_o our_o disposition_n in_o disdain_v to_o acknowledge_v that_o fault_n which_o we_o so_o common_o commit_v but_o i_o will_v fain_o learn_v when_o honour_n first_o come_v to_o be_v measure_v with_o word_n for_o from_o the_o beginning_n it_o be_v not_o so_o caesar_n be_v often_o call_v to_o his_o face_n thief_n and_o drunkard_n without_o any_o further_a matter_n and_o the_o liberty_n of_o invective_n which_o great_a personage_n use_v one_o against_o another_o as_o it_o begin_v so_o it_o end_v with_o word_n and_o so_o i_o think_v our_o lie_n may_v too_o for_o i_o take_v he_o that_o return_v the_o lie_n and_o so_o let_v it_o rest_n until_o further_a proof_n to_o have_v as_o great_a advantage_n in_o the_o reputation_n of_o honour_n as_o the_o former_a that_o first_o give_v the_o disgrace_n chap._n xxi_o ci●●ro_n find_v mean_n to_o advertise_v caesar_n of_o this_o accident_n who_o haste_v raise_v the_o siege_n and_o put_v the_o enemy_n to_o a_o great_a ●laughter_n as_o the_o siege_n grow_v daily_o hot_a a●d_o sharp_a caesar_n and_o special_o for_o that_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o soldier_n be_v lay_v up_o with_o wound_n and_o the_o matter_n bring_v into_o a_o few_o man_n hand_n that_o be_v able_a to_o make_v any_o defence_n so_o they_o send_v out_o letter_n and_o messenger_n the_o more_o often_o to_o caesar_n of_o who_o some_o be_v take_v and_o in_o the_o sight_n of_o our_o soldier_n torture_v to_o death_n there_o

in_o the_o rear_n who_o as_o in_o his_o proper_a place_n see_v all_o thing_n execute_v according_o as_o the_o captain_n shall_v command_v it_o shall_v be_v unpossible_a to_o perform_v any_o thing_n herein_o unless_o first_o every_o one_o do_v exact_o observe_v his_o leader_n and_o his_o sideman_n and_o to_o this_o purpose_n it_o be_v often_o command_v keep_v your_o file_n keep_v your_o rank_n of_o march_n in_o champain_n there_o need_v no_o great_a labour_n to_o marshal_v particular_a troop_n for_o their_o after-marche_n champain_n because_o they_o may_v march_v either_o by_o whole_a division_n observe_v only_o their_o course_n of_o indifferency_n that_o every_o division_n may_v every_o three_o day_n have_v the_o vanguard_n or_o else_o in_o such_o form_n and_o fashion_n as_o the_o general_n have_v propose_v for_o a_o day_n of_o battle_n according_a as_o the_o danger_n of_o a_o expect_a enemy_n shall_v give_v occasion_n but_o because_o all_o country_n will_v not_o afford_v a_o champain_n for_o the_o march_v of_o a_o army_n and_o therefore_o not_o possible_a to_o march_v far_o with_o many_o troop_n in_o front_n nor_o many_o file_n of_o any_o one_o troup_n or_o division_n by_o reason_n of_o often_o straits_n and_o passage_n betwixt_o hill_n wood_n or_o water_n it_o be_v provide_v though_o by_o long_a induction_n the_o whole_a army_n shall_v be_v extend_v into_o a_o thin_a length_n and_o few_o file_n passage_n yet_o the_o soldier_n well_o dispose_v shall_v be_v as_o ready_o able_a to_o defend_v themselves_o and_o offend_v the_o enemy_n on_o their_o flank_n from_o whence_o only_o in_o such_o straits_n the_o danger_n be_v imminent_a as_o if_o they_o be_v to_o affront_v a_o enemy_n with_o a_o entire_a battallion_n in_o a_o champain_n country_n first_o therefore_o a_o division_n or_o battallion_n be_v order_v and_o draw_v before_o the_o quarter_n ma●ch_n into_o one_o even_a front_n of_o just_a file_n ten_o in_o depth_n the_o musketeer_n equal_o divide_v on_o the_o right_n and_o left_a slank_n of_o the_o pike_n all_o stand_n in_o their_o order_n that_o be_v to_o ●ay_n six_o foot_n distant_a in_o file_n and_o rank_n the_o captain_n careful_o provide_v that_o the_o first_o five_o six_o and_o ten_o rank_n be_v always_o well_o fill_v and_o furnish_v with_o his_o most_o able_a and_o best-armed_n soldier_n which_o do_v he_o command_v first_o the_o middleman_n or_o half_a file_n to_o come_v a_o front_n with_o their_o leader_n so_o that_o the_o division_n become_v but_o five_o in_o depth_n next_o he_o command_v to_o turn_v face_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n as_o direction_n shall_v be_v to_o march_v from_o that_o quarter_n and_o so_o the_o whole_a division_n rest_v ready_a in_o his_o fashion_n to_o march_v five_o in_o front_n the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o musketeer_n in_o the_o vanguard_n and_o the_o other_o in_o the_o rear_n the_o pike_n in_o the_o battle_n and_o both_o flank_n well_o furnish_v with_o the_o able_a &_o best_a man_n to_o offend_v or_o defend_v as_o there_o shall_v be_v occasion_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o right_a flank_n with_o the_o first_o and_o five_o rank_n and_o the_o leave_v with_o the_o six_o and_o ten_o rank_n if_o occasion_n afterward_o shall_v be_v give_v of_o a_o halt_n in_o a_o champain_n or_o before_o the_o quarter_a front_n the_o captain_n command_v first_o unto_o all_o they_o be_v first_o close_v into_o their_o order_n face_n as_o you_o be_v next_o unto_o the_o half_a file_n face_n about_o and_o march_v out_o and_o fall_v again_o upon_o your_o file_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o division_n become_v again_o reduce_v into_o the_o same_o front_n and_o fashion_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v first_o transform_v ready_a to_o encounter_v a_o enemy_n or_o to_o be_v draw_v into_o the_o quarter_n when_o pike_n be_v to_o charge_v pike_n in_o a_o champain_n pike_n it_o use_v to_o be_v perform_v two_o several_a way_n first_o the_o whole_a division_n be_v command_v into_o their_o close_a order_n the_o five_o first_o rank_n charge_v their_o pike_n every_o follower_n over_o his_o leader_n shoulder_n direct_v his_o pike_n as_o equal_o as_o he_o can_v only_o &_o the_o first_o rank_n shall_v have_v three_o foot_n of_o his_o pike_n over_o the_o foremost_a shoulder_n the_o other_o five_o rank_n with_o their_o pike_n advance_v follow_v close_o up_o in_o the_o rear_n either_o ready_a to_o second_v the_o foremost_a or_o to_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o rear_n as_o occasion_n shall_v be_v offer_v depth_n otherwise_o and_o most_o usual_a when_o the_o whole_a depth_n of_o the_o file_n throughout_o the_o division_n shall_v charge_v together_o all_o fast_o lock_v and_o unite_v together_o and_o therefore_o most_o able_a to_o make_v the_o strong_a shock_n offensive_a or_o defensive_a provide_v always_o that_o none_o mingle_v their_o pike_n in_o other_o file_n but_o the_o whole_a file_n one_o in_o another_o shoulder_n in_o charge_v with_o musketeer_n it_o be_v observe_v no_o way_n convenient_a that_o there_o shall_v be_v too_o many_o in_o a_o rank_n musketeer_n or_o that_o the_o rank_n shall_v be_v too_o long_o for_o the_o first_o rank_n be_v command_v to_o advance_v ten_o pace_n before_o the_o second_o and_o then_o to_o discharge_v and_o wheel_a either_o to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n fall_v into_o the_o rear_n and_o so_o the_o second_o advance_v to_o the_o same_o distance_n discharge_v and_o wheel_v as_o before_o and_o likewise_o the_o three_o and_o so_o forward_o as_o long_o as_o the_o officer_n shall_v be_v command_v which_o shall_v not_o so_o well_o be_v perform_v the_o rank_n be_v extraordinary_a long_o rank_n because_o it_o will_v require_v so_o long_a a_o time_n to_o wheel_n from_o the_o front_n that_o the_o second_o may_v succeed_v unless_o by_o direction_n the_o rank_n may_v divide_v itself_o the_o one_o half_a to_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o the_o other_o to_o the_o left_a in_o wheel_v to_o the_o rear_n in_o the_o retreat_n the_o whole_a rank_n have_v turn_v their_o face_n about_o be_v to_o march_v three_o or_o four_o pace_n forward_o retreat_n their_o chief_a officer_n come_v in_o the_o rear_n first_o command_v the_o last_o rank_n to_o make_v ready_a and_o then_o to_o turn_v face_n about_o &_o discharge_v and_o wheel_n about_o to_o the_o head_n or_o front_n of_o the_o division_n and_o be_v clear_o pass_v the_o next_o rank_n to_o perform_v as_o much_o and_o so_o the_o rest_n in_o order_n where_o the_o passage_n be_v narrow_a passage_n and_o the_o division_n can_v come_v to_o charge_n in_o front_n as_o between_o two_o water_n or_o wood_n the_o manner_n of_o charge_v be_v different_a for_o there_o be_v five_o or_o ten_o file_n lead_v in_o the_o induction_n that_o file_n which_o flank_v the_o enemy_n discharge_v first_o only_o and_o the_o rest_n march_v continual_o forward_o it_o stand_v firm_a until_o the_o last_o rank_n be_v pass_v and_o then_o sleeve_v itself_o on_o the_o left_a flank_n and_o make_v ready_a and_o so_o the_o second_o file_n and_o the_o three_o so_o long_o as_o the_o enemy_n shall_v continue_v there_o be_v a_o continual_a discharge_n by_o file_n as_o before_o by_o rank_n ireland_n unless_o it_o be_v in_o the_o pase_n of_o ireland_n meet_v with_o a_o irregular_a enemy_n where_o they_o use_v to_o intermingle_v their_o file_n of_o shot_n with_o pike_n that_o the_o one_o may_v be_v a_o defence_n for_o the_o other_o when_o the_o enemy_n shall_v come_v up_o to_o the_o sword_n as_o they_o use_v there_o very_o often_o how_o direction_n be_v deliver_v in_o the_o war_n all_o direction_n in_o the_o war_n have_v ever_o be_v deliver_v either_o by_o sign_n subject_a to_o the_o eye_n by_o word_n of_o mouth_n or_o the_o sound_n of_o a_o drum_n or_o some_o such_o warlike_a instrument_n sign_n concern_v those_o visible_a sign_n display_v unto_o the_o soldier_n the_o fall_n of_o mist_n the_o raise_n of_o dust_n shower_n of_o rain_n &_o snow_n the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n hilly_a uneven_a and_o crooked_a passage_n by_o long_a experience_n have_v find_v they_o to_o be_v most_o doubtful_a and_o uncertain_a as_o also_o because_o as_o it_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o great_a difficulty_n to_o invent_v different_a sign_n upon_o all_o sudden_a occasion_n so_o it_o be_v almost_o a_o impossibility_n that_o the_o common_a soldier_n who_o oftentimes_o be_v find_v scarce_o capable_a of_o the_o understanding_n of_o plain_a word_n distinct_o pronounce_v shall_v both_o apprehend_v and_o understand_v sudden_o and_o execute_v direct_o the_o true_a sense_n and_o meaning_n of_o his_o commander_n sign_n the_o drum_n and_o trumpet_n be_v yet_o use_v trumpet_n but_o because_o many_o different_a sound_n be_v not_o easy_o distinguish_v in_o soldier_n understanding_n without_o some_o danger_n of_o confusion_n we_o only_o command_v by_o the_o inarticulate_a sound_n to_o arm_v to_o march_v to_o troup_n to_o

abhor_v the_o name_n of_o peace_n and_o have_v not_o keep_v the_o law_n either_o of_o treaty_n or_o truce_n for_o they_o have_v cause_v many_o simple_a man_n to_o be_v massacre_v and_o slay_v that_o be_v deceive_v by_o a_o show_n of_o treaty_n and_o therefore_o it_o have_v befall_v they_o as_o it_o happen_v for_o the_o most_o part_n to_o perverse_a and_o arrogant_a person_n to_o seek_v and_o earnest_o to_o desire_v that_o which_o a_o little_a before_o they_o have_v foolish_o contemn_v neither_o will_v he_o take_v the_o advantage_n of_o this_o their_o submission_n or_o of_o any_o other_o opportunity_n of_o time_n either_o to_o augment_v his_o power_n or_o to_o strengthen_v his_o party_n but_o he_o only_o require_v that_o those_o army_n may_v be_v discharge_v which_o for_o many_o year_n together_o have_v be_v maintain_v against_o he_o for_o neither_o be_v those_o six_o legion_n for_o any_o other_o cause_n send_v into_o spain_n nor_o the_o seven_o enrol_v there_o nor_o so_o many_o and_o so_o great_a navy_n prepare_v nor_o such_o experience_a and_o skilful_a commander_n select_v and_o appoint_v for_o none_o of_o these_o need_v to_o keep_v spain_n in_o quiet_a nothing_o hereof_o be_v prepare_v for_o the_o use_n and_o behoof_n of_o the_o province_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o long_a continuance_n of_o peace_n need_v not_o any_o such_o assistance_n all_o these_o thing_n be_v long_o ago_o provide_v in_o a_o readiness_n against_o he_o new_a form_n of_o government_n be_v make_v and_o ordain_v against_o he_o that_o one_o and_o the_o same_o man_n shall_v be_v resident_a at_o the_o gate_n of_o rome_n have_v the_o whole_a superintendency_n and_o direction_n of_o the_o city_n business_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o hold_v two_o warlike_a province_n for_o so_o many_o year_n together_o be_v absent_a from_o both_o of_o they_o against_o he_o and_o for_o his_o ruin_n be_v change_v the_o ancient_a right_n and_o custom_n of_o magistracy_n in_o send_v man_n at_o the_o end_n of_o their_o praetorship_n or_o consulship_n to_o the_o government_n of_o province_n as_o be_v always_o accustom_v but_o in_o lieu_n of_o they_o be_v choose_v some_o that_o be_v allow_v and_o authorise_v by_o a_o few_o against_o he_o the_o prerogative_n of_o age_n do_v nothing_o prevail_v but_o whosoever_o they_o be_v that_o in_o former_a war_n have_v make_v good_a proof_n of_o their_o valour_n be_v now_o call_v out_o to_o command_v army_n to_o he_o only_o be_v deny_v that_o which_o be_v grant_v to_o all_o other_o general_n that_o when_o they_o have_v happy_o bring_v thing_n to_o a_o end_n they_o may_v dismiss_v their_o army_n and_o return_v home_o with_o honour_n or_o at_o the_o least_o without_o dishonour_n all_o which_o thing_n he_o notwithstanding_o both_o have_v and_o will_v suffer_v patient_o neither_o do_v he_o now_o go_v about_o to_o take_v their_o army_n from_o they_o and_o retain_v they_o in_o pay_n for_o himself_o which_o he_o may_v easy_o do_v but_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o have_v mean_n to_o make_v head_n against_o he_o and_o therefore_o as_o it_o be_v say_v before_o they_o shall_v go_v out_o of_o the_o province_n and_o discharge_v their_o army_n if_o they_o do_v so_o he_o will_v hurt_v no_o man_n but_o that_o be_v the_o only_a and_o last_o mean_n of_o peace_n observation_n there_o be_v not_o any_o one_o virtue_n that_o can_v challenge_v a_o great_a measure_n of_o honour_n or_o have_v more_o prerogative_n either_o among_o friend_n or_o enemy_n than_o fidelity_n for_o which_o cause_n it_o be_v that_o man_n be_v more_o strict_a in_o matter_n commit_v to_o their_o trust_n for_o the_o behoof_n of_o other_o laeli●s_n than_o they_o can_v well_o be_v if_o the_o same_o thing_n concern_v themselves_o and_o yet_o nevertheless_o there_o be_v a_o quatenus_fw-la in_o all_o endeavour_n and_o seem_v to_o be_v limit_v with_o such_o apparency_n as_o true_a affection_n may_v make_v of_o a_o good_a meaning_n and_o be_v the_o ground_n which_o afranius_n take_v to_o move_v caesar_n for_o a_o pardon_n non_fw-fr esse_fw-la aut_fw-la ipsis_fw-la aut_fw-la militibus_fw-la succensendum_fw-la quod_fw-la fidem_fw-la erga_fw-la imperatorem_fw-la cn._n pompeium_n conservare_fw-la voluerint_fw-la sed_fw-la satis_fw-la jam_fw-la fecisse_fw-la officio_fw-la satisque_fw-la supplicii_fw-la tulisse_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v angry_a either_o with_o he_o or_o the_o soldiery_n for_o be_v faithful_a to_o their_o general_n cn._n pompeius_n but_o that_o now_o they_o have_v sufficient_o do_v their_o duty_n and_o as_o thorough_o smart_v for_o the_o same_o etc._n etc._n which_o he_o deliver_v in_o a_o stile_n suit_v his_o fortune_n for_o as_o cominaeus_n have_v observe_v plut._n man_n in_o fear_n give_v reverend_a and_o humble_a word_n and_o the_o tongue_n be_v ever_o condition_v to_o be_v the_o chief_a witness_n of_o our_o fortune_n on_o the_o other_o side_n caesar_n produce_v nothing_o for_o his_o part_n but_o such_o wrong_n as_o may_v seem_v valuable_a to_o make_v good_a those_o course_n which_o he_o prosecute_v as_o first_o injury_n do_v by_o they_o and_o that_o in_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o blame_n against_o his_o soldier_n that_o go_v but_o to_o seek_v for_o peace_n injury_n do_v by_o their_o general_n in_o such_o a_o fashion_n as_o spare_v not_o to_o evert_v the_o fundamental_a right_n of_o the_o state_n to_o bring_v he_o to_o ruin_n and_o confusion_n whereby_o he_o be_v move_v to_o endeavour_v that_o which_o nature_n tie_v every_o man_n unto_o propellere_fw-la injuriam_fw-la to_o repel_v a_o injury_n from_o himself_o and_o have_v bring_v it_o to_o these_o term_n wherein_o it_o now_o stand_v offici_fw-la he_o will_v give_v assurance_n to_o the_o world_n by_o the_o revenge_n he_o there_o take_v that_o he_o enter_v into_o that_o war_n for_o his_o only_a end_n that_o he_o may_v live_v in_o peace_n and_o so_o require_v no_o more_o but_o that_o the_o army_n shall_v be_v dismiss_v chap._n xxviii_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o article_n agree_v upon_o the_o condition_n propound_v be_v most_o acceptable_a and_o please_a to_o the_o soldier_n c●sar_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o they_o for_o be_v in_o the_o condition_n of_o vanquish_a person_n and_o thereupon_o expect_v a_o hard_a measure_n of_o fortune_n to_o be_v reward_v with_o liberty_n and_o exemption_n of_o arm_n be_v more_o than_o they_o can_v expect_v insomuch_o as_o where_o there_o grow_v a_o controversy_n of_o the_o time_n and_o place_n of_o their_o dismission_n they_o all_o general_o stand_v upon_o the_o rampire_n signify_v both_o by_o their_o speech_n and_o by_o their_o hand_n that_o their_o desire_n be_v it_o may_v be_v do_v instant_o for_o it_o can_v not_o be_v provide_v by_o any_o assurance_n that_o it_o will_v continue_v firm_a if_o it_o be_v defer_v until_o another_o time_n after_o some_o dispute_n on_o each_o side_n the_o matter_n be_v in_o the_o end_n bring_v to_o this_o issue_n that_o such_o as_o have_v house_n and_o possession_n in_o spain_n shall_v be_v discharge_v present_o and_o the_o rest_n at_o the_o river_n varus_n luc._n it_o be_v condition_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v injury_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v force_v against_o his_o will_n to_o be_v swear_v under_o caesar_n command_n caesar_n promise_v to_o furnish_v they_o with_o corn_n until_o they_o come_v to_o the_o river_n varus_n add_v withal_o that_o what_o soever_o any_o one_o have_v lose_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o war_n which_o shall_v be_v find_v with_o any_o of_o his_o soldier_n shall_v be_v restore_v to_o such_o as_o lose_v it_o and_o to_o his_o soldier_n he_o pay_v the_o value_n thereof_o in_o money_n if_o any_o controversy_n afterward_o grow_v among_o the_o soldier_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n they_o bring_v the_o matter_n from_o time_n to_o time_n before_o caesar_n as_o when_o the_o soldier_n grow_v almost_o into_o a_o mutiny_n for_o want_v of_o pay_n the_o commander_n affirm_v the_o payday_n be_v not_o yet_o come_v petreius_n and_o afranius_n require_v that_o caesar_n may_v understand_v the_o cause_n and_o both_o party_n be_v content_v with_o his_o arbitrement_n a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o army_n be_v dismiss_v in_o those_o two_o day_n he_o command_v two_o of_o his_o legion_n to_o march_v before_o their_o army_n and_o the_o rest_n to_o follow_v after_o and_o continual_o to_o incamp_v themselves_o not_o far_o from_o they_o and_o appoint_v q._n fusius_fw-la calenus_n a_o legate_n to_o take_v the_o charge_n of_o that_o business_n this_o course_n be_v take_v they_o march_v out_o of_o spain_n to_o the_o river_n varus_n and_o there_o dismiss_v the_o rest_n of_o their_o army_n observation_n the_o river_n varus_n divide_v gallia_n narbonensis_n from_o italy_n and_o be_v think_v a_o indifferent_a place_n to_o discharge_v the_o army_n whereby_o there_o may_v be_v a_o end_n make_v of_o that_o war_n wherein_o if_o any_o man_n

desire_v to_o see_v a_o parallel_n draw_v between_o caesar_n and_o the_o other_o leader_n for_o matter_n of_o war_n it_o shall_v suffice_v to_o take_v the_o issue_n for_o a_o square_a of_o their_o direction_n civil_a be_v draw_v to_o this_o head_n within_o forty_o day_n after_o caesar_n come_v within_o sight_n of_o the_o enemy_n as_o curio_n note_v in_o his_o speech_n to_o the_o soldier_n cato_n see_v the_o prosperous_a success_n of_o caesar_n against_o pompey_n say_v their_o be_v a_o great_a uncertainty_n in_o the_o government_n of_o their_o god_n allude_v peradventure_o to_o that_o of_o plato_n in_o his_o politic_n where_o he_o say_v that_o there_o be_v age_n wherein_o the_o god_n do_v govern_v the_o world_n in_o their_o own_o person_n and_o there_o be_v other_o time_n wherein_o they_o altogether_o neglect_v the_o same_o the_o world_n take_v a_o course_n quite_o contrary_a to_o that_o which_o the_o god_n direct_v but_o lucan_n speak_v from_o a_o sure_a ground_n where_o he_o say_v victrix_n causa_fw-la diis_fw-la placuit_fw-la sed_fw-la victa_fw-la catoni_fw-la the_o conquer_a cause_n please_v jove_n the_o conquer_a cato_n and_o thus_o end_v the_o first_o commentary_n the_o second_o commentary_n of_o the_o civil_a war_n the_o argument_n this_o commentary_n have_v three_o special_a part_n the_o first_o contain_v the_o siege_n of_o marseilles_n the_o strange_a work_n and_o extreme_a endeavour_n to_o take_v and_o to_o keep_v the_o town_n the_o second_o express_v the_o vain_a labour_n which_o pompey_n lieutenant_n undertake_v after_o that_o afranius_n and_o petreius_n be_v defeat_v to_o keep_v the_o province_n of_o andaluzia_n out_o of_o caesar_n power_n and_o command_v and_o the_o three_o part_n consist_v of_o the_o expedition_n curio_n make_v into_o africa_n and_o end_v with_o his_o overthrow_n chap._n i._n the_o preparation_n for_o the_o siege_n as_o well_o within_o as_o without_o the_o town_n whilst_o these_o thing_n be_v do_v in_o spain_n c●sar_n c._n trebonius_n the_o legate_n be_v leave_v to_o besiege_v marseilles_n have_v begin_v in_o two_o place_n to_o raise_v mount_n to_o make_v mantelet_n and_o tower_n against_o the_o town_n one_o next_o unto_o the_o port_n where_o the_o ship_n lay_v and_o the_o other_o in_o the_o way_n lead_v from_o gallia_n and_o spain_n into_o the_o town_n just_a upon_o the_o creek_n of_o the_o sea_n near_o unto_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o rhosne_fw-fr for_o three_o part_n of_o marseilles_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n wash_v with_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o four_o be_v that_o which_o give_v passage_n by_o land_n whereof_o that_o part_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o castle_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n and_o fortify_v with_o a_o deep_a ditch_n will_v require_v a_o long_a and_o difficult_a siege_n for_o the_o perfect_a of_o those_o work_n trebonius_n have_v command_v out_o of_o all_o the_o province_n great_a store_n of_o horse_n for_o carriage_n and_o a_o multitude_n of_o man_n require_v they_o to_o bring_v rod_n to_o make_v hurdle_n and_o other_o material_n for_o the_o work_n which_o be_v prepare_v &_o bring_v together_o he_o raise_v a_o mount_n of_o fourscore_o foot_n high_a but_o such_o be_v the_o provision_n which_o of_o ancient_a time_n they_o have_v store_v up_o in_o the_o town_n of_o all_o equipage_n and_o necessary_n for_o the_o war_n with_o such_o provision_n of_o munition_n and_o engine_n that_o no_o hurdle_n make_v of_o rod_n or_o osier_n be_v able_a to_o bear_v out_o the_o force_n thereof_o for_o out_o of_o their_o great_a balistae_fw-la they_o shoot_v beam_n of_o twelve_o foot_n long_o point_v with_o iron_n with_o such_o force_n as_o they_o will_v pierce_v through_o four_o course_n of_o hurdle_n and_o stick_v in_o the_o earth_n whereby_o they_o be_v force_v to_o roof_n their_o porticu●_fw-la gallery_n with_o timber_n of_o a_o foot_n square_a and_o to_o bring_v matter_n that_o way_n by_o hand_n to_o make_v the_o testudo_fw-la mount_n a_o testudo_fw-la of_o sixty_o foot_n in_o length_n be_v always_o carry_v before_o for_o the_o level_n of_o the_o ground_n make_v of_o mighty_a strong_a timber_n cover_v and_o arm_v with_o all_o thing_n which_o may_v defend_v it_o from_o fire_n and_o stone_n or_o what_o else_o shall_v be_v cast_v upon_o it_o but_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o work_n the_o height_n of_o the_o wall_n and_o tower_n together_o with_o the_o multitude_n of_o engine_n do_v retard_v and_o hinder_v the_o proceed_n thereof_o moreover_o the_o albici_n do_v make_v often_o sally_v out_o of_o the_o town_n set_v fire_n to_o the_o mount_v and_o to_o the_o turret_n which_o be_v keep_v by_o our_o soldier_n with_o great_a facility_n and_o ease_n force_v such_o as_o sally_v out_o to_o return_v with_o great_a loss_n observation_n have_v describe_v in_o the_o former_a commentary_n these_o engine_n and_o work_n here_o mention_v the_o reader_n may_v please_v for_o his_o better_a satisfaction_n to_o review_v those_o place_n as_o also_o far_o to_o note_v telum_fw-la that_o the_o word_n artillery_n be_v bring_v down_o to_o these_o age_n from_o the_o use_n of_o ancient_a engine_n which_o consist_v of_o those_o two_o primitives_n arcus_n and_o telum_fw-la and_o according_a as_o diversity_n of_o art_n and_o wit_n find_v mean_n to_o fit_v these_o to_o use_v and_o occasion_n so_o have_v they_o several_a and_o distinct_a name_n whereof_o i_o find_v chief_o these_o balistae_fw-la catapultae_n tolenones_n scorpiones_fw-la onagri_fw-la of_o each_o of_o which_o there_o be_v divers_a and_o several_a sort_n as_o first_o of_o the_o balistae_fw-la some_o be_v call_v centenariae_fw-la other_o talentariae_fw-la according_a to_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o bullet_n or_o weapon_n they_o shoot_v of_o the_o rate_n and_o proportion_n whereof_o vitruvius_n and_o his_o learned_a interpreter_n daniel_n barbarus_fw-la 17._o have_v make_v accurate_a description_n again_o some_o be_v make_v to_o shoot_v stone_n as_o appear_z by_o that_o of_o tacitus_n petrariae_fw-la magnitudine_fw-la eximia_fw-la quartaedecimae_fw-la legionis_fw-la balista_n ingentibus_fw-la saxis_fw-la hostilem_fw-la aciem_fw-la proruebat_fw-la the_o balista_n of_o the_o fourteen_o legion_n be_v a_o exceed_o great_a one_o beat_v down_o the_o army_n of_o the_o enemy_n with_o huge_a stone_n and_o other_o to_o shoot_v dart_n and_o pile_n of_o timber_n head_v with_o iron_n as_o it_o be_v manifest_v by_o this_o place_n moreover_o the_o manner_n of_o bend_v of_o these_o engine_n make_v a_o difference_n some_o be_v draw_v up_o with_o a_o wrinch_n or_o screw_n and_o some_o with_o a_o wheel_n some_o have_v long_a arm_n and_o other_o have_v short_a but_o the_o string_n be_v general_o either_o all_o of_o sinew_n or_o of_o woman_n hair_n as_o strong_a and_o sure_a of_o any_o other_o kind_n 29._o of_o these_o vegetius_n prefer_v the_o balistae_fw-la and_o the_o onagri_fw-la as_o unresistable_a when_o they_o be_v skilful_o handle_v the_o word_n onagri_fw-la as_o ammianus_n marcellinus_n note_v be_v of_o a_o late_a stamp_n and_o impose_v upon_o those_o engine_n which_o former_a time_n call_v scorpiones_fw-la and_o be_v take_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o wild_a ass_n that_o be_v say_v to_o cast_v stone_n backward_o with_o their_o foot_n at_o the_o hunter_n with_o such_o violence_n that_o oftentimes_o they_o dash_v out_o their_o brain_n in_o the_o time_n of_o barbarism_n all_o these_o engine_n be_v general_o call_v mangonella_n as_o appear_v by_o vigin●rius_n in_o his_o annotation_n upon_o onosander_n which_o be_v likewise_o show_v by_o that_o which_o mr._n camden_n have_v insert_v in_o the_o description_n of_o bedfordshire_n concern_v the_o siege_n of_o bedford_n castle_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o out_o of_o a_o author_n that_o be_v present_a mangle_v exit_fw-la parte_fw-la orientali_fw-la fuit_fw-la una_fw-la petraria_fw-la &_o duo_fw-la mangonella_n quae_fw-la quotidie_fw-la turrim_fw-la infestabant_fw-la &_o ex_fw-la parte_fw-la occidentis_fw-la duo_fw-la mangonella_n quae_fw-la turrim_fw-la veterem_fw-la contriverunt_fw-la &_o unum_fw-la mangonellum_fw-la ex_fw-la parte_fw-la australi_fw-la etc._n etc._n on_o the_o east_n side_n be_v place_v one_o engine_n to_o cast_v stone_n and_o two_o mangonel_n which_o continual_o play_v upon_o the_o tower_n and_o on_o the_o west_n side_n two_o mangonel_n which_o beat_v down_o the_o old_a tower_n and_o one_o mangonel_n on_o the_o south_n side_n etc._n etc._n but_o our_o powder_n have_v blow_v all_o these_o out_o of_o use_n it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o insist_v long_o upon_o they_o chap._n ii_o the_o marseillian_o prepare_v themselves_o for_o a_o sea-fight_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n caesar_n l._n nasidius_n be_v send_v by_o cn._n pompeius_n with_o a_o navy_n of_o sixteen_o ship_n among_o which_o some_o few_o have_v their_o beak-head_n of_o iron_n to_o the_o succour_n and_o supply_v of_o l._n domitius_n and_o the_o marseillian_o he_o pass_v the_o straits_n of_o sicily_n messin●_n before_o curio_n have_v intelligence_n thereof_o and_o put_v