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A39662 An exposition of the assemblies catechism with practical inferences from each question as it was carried on in the Lords Days exercises in Dartmouth, in the first year of liberty, 1688 / by John Flavell. Flavel, John, 1630?-1691.; Mather, Increase, 1639-1723.; Westminster Assembly (1643-1652). Shorter catechism. 1692 (1692) Wing F1160; ESTC R25088 171,235 224

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appointed to be the weekly Sabbath A. From the beginning of the World to the Resurrection of Christ God hath appointed the seventh day of the week to be the weekly Sabbath and the first day of the week ever since to continue to the end of the World which is the Christian Sabbath Q. 1. What special marks of honour hath God set upon this fourth Commandment A. God hath set four peculiar marks of honour on it 1. It is the largest of all the Commands 2. It hath a solemn Memento prefixed to it 3. It is delivered both positively and negatively which the rest are not And 4. It is enforced with more Arguments to strengthen the Command on us than any other Q. 2. W●y will God have a Sabbath observed on Earth A. God will have a Sabbath on Earth to give us therein an Emblem of that Eternal Sabbath in Heaven wherein his people shall be serving him and praising him without interruption or mixture of any other business throughout Eternity H●b 4.9 There remaineth therefore a rest to the people of God Q 3. For what other Reasons will God have a Sabbath A. He will have a Sabbath for the honour of his name Isa. 58.13 If thou turn away thy foot from the sabbath from doing thy p●easure on my holy day and call the sabbath a delight the holy of the Lord honourable and shalt honour him not doing thine own ways nor finding thine own pleasure nor speaking thine own words For the good of Mens Souls Mark 2.27 And he said unto them the sabbath was made for man not man for the sabbath And in mercy to the Bodies of Men and Beasts Q. 4. Is this Commandment Moral and Perpetual or Ceremonial and Temporary A. It is and must needs be Moral and not Ceremonial because all the Reasons that enforce it are perpetual and the Sabbath continued when the Ceremonial Law ceased and was vanished Matth. 24.20 But pray ye that your flight be not in the winter neither on the sabbath day Q. 5. What day of the seven is the Christian Sabbath A. The first day of the Week is our Sabbath since the Resurrection of Christ. This is the day which was foretold to be our Sabbath Psal. 118.24 This is the day which the Lord hath made we will rejoyce and be glad in it The Lord hath marked it for himself by setting his own Name on it Rev. 1.10 I was in the Spirit on the Lords day And the Apostles and Primitive Church constantly set it apart to Religious uses and ends Acts 20.7 And upon the first day of the week when the disciples came together to break bread Paul preached unto them c. 1 Cor. 16.2 Vpon the first day of the week let every one of you lay by him in store as God hath prospered him that there be no gatherings when I come Q. 6. When doth the Christian Sabbath begin A. It appears that this day is not to be reckoned from evening to evening but from morning to morning because the Christian Sabbath must begin when the Jewish Sabbath ended but that ended towards the morning Matth. 28.1 In the end of the sabbath as it began to dawn towards the first day of the week came Mary Magdalene and the other Mary to see the sepulchre Q. 7. What is the ground of changing the day A. The solemn commemoration of our Redemption by the Resurrection of Christ from the dead is the ground of translating the Sabbath from the seventh to the first day of the Week Psal. 118.24 This is the day which the Lord hath made we will rejoyce and be glad in it Mark 16.9 Now when Iesus was risen early the first day of the week he appeared first to Mary Magdalene out of whom he had cast seven devils Q. 8. Is it the whole day or only some hours of the day that are set apart for God A. Not a part but the whole day is the Lords and it is as dangerous to halve it with God in point of time as it was for Annanias and Sapphira to halve their dedicated Goods and bring in but a part Remember that thou keep holy the sabbath day is the Command Q. 9. Is there any other day holy besides this A. No day but this is holy by Institution of the Lord yet dayes of Humiliation and Thanksgiving may be lawfully set apart by men on a Call of Providence but Popish Holy-dayes are not warrantable nor to be observed Gal. 4.10 Ye observe dayes and months and times and years Q. 10. But seeing every day should be a Sabbath to a Christian what needs any other set time A. Though Christians must walk every day with God yet every day cannot be a Sabbath because God calls us to other Duties on those dayes but will have this to be a solemn and entire day to himself Q. 11. But if a man scruple the change of the Sabbath may he not keep both dayes weekly A. No for then by doing more than God requires he breaks a plain Command Six days shalt thou labour Q. 12. At what time should Christians be up and at their Duties on the Lords day A. As early in the morning as their strength will permit to prepare by private for publick Duties yet the publick are not to be entrenched on by private Duties Acts 10.33 Now therefore are we all here present before God to hear all things that are commanded thee of God Of the Sabbath Quest. 60. HOw is the Sabbath to be Sanctified A. The Sabbath is to be Sanctified by an holy re●ting all that day even from such worldly employments and recreations as are lawful on other days and spending the whole time in the publick and private exercises of Gods Worship except so much as is to be taken up in the works of necessity and mercy Quest. 61. What are the Sins forbidden in the fourth Commandment A. The fourth Commandment forbiddeth the omission or careless performance of the Duties required and the profaning the day by Idleness or doing that which is in it self sinful or by unnecessary thoughts words or works about our worldly employments or recreations Quest. 62. What are the Reasons annexed to the fourth Commandment A. The Reasons annexed to the fourth Commandment are Gods allowing us six days of the week for our own employment his challenging a special propriety in the seventh his own example and his blessing the Sabbath day Q. 1. VVhat is the Rest which God requires on the Sabbath A. It is not a meer natural or civil but an holy rest resembling the rest in Heaven wherein the Mind is most active and busie in the work of God though the Body be at rest and the Spirit not wearied with its work Rev. 4.8 And the four bea●●s had each of them six wings about him and they were full of eyes within and they rest not day and night saying holy holy holy Lord God Almighty which was and is and is to come Q. 2. May
not any works of our civil Calling be ordinarily done on that day A. No it is sinful to put our hands ordinarily to our Callings on that day and God usually punishes it Neh. 13.15 16 17 18. In those dayes saw I in Iudah some treading wine-presses on the sabbath and bringing in sheaves and lading asses as also wine grapes and figs and all manner of burdens which they brought into Ierusalem on the sabbath day and I testified against them in the day wherein they sold victuals There dwelt men of Tyre also therein which brought fish and all manner of ware and sold on the sabbath unto the children of Iudah and in Ierusalem Then I contended with the nobles of Iudah and said unto them What evil thing is this that ye do and profane the sabbath day Did not your fathers thus and did not our God bring all this evil upon us and upon this city yet ye bring more wrath upon Israel by profaning the sabbath Q. 3. May we not refresh our Bodies by Recreations or our Minds by thoughts of Earthly Business or Discourses on that day A. Recreations of the Body which are lawful on other days are sinful on this day and all the Recreations of the Mind allowed on this day are Spiritual and Heavenly Isa. 58.13 14. If thou turn away thy foot from the sabbath from doing thy pleasure on my holy day and call the sabbath a delight the holy of the Lord honourable and shalt honour him not doing thine own ways nor finding thine own pleasure nor speaking thine own words Then shalt thou delight thy self in the Lord and I will cause thee to ride upon the high places of the earth and feed thee with the heritage of Iacob thy father for the mouth of the Lord hath spoken it Q. 4. What works may lawfully be done on that day A. Christs example warrants works of necessity and works of mercy but no other Matth. 12.3 4. But he said unto them have ye not read what David did when he was an hungred and they that were with him How he entered into the house of God and did eat the shew-bread which was not lawful for him to eat neither for them which were with him but only for the priests And ver 7. But if ye had known what this meaneth I will have mercy and not sacrifice c. Q. 5. What are the holy Duties of the Sabbath A. The publick Worship of God in reading and hearing the Word preached Isa. 66.23 And it shall come to pass that from one new moon to another and from one sabbath to another shall all flesh come to worship before me saith the Lord. Luke 4.16 And as his custom was he went into the synagogue on the sabbath day and stood up for to read And Prayer Acts 16.13 14. And on the sabbath day we went out of the city by a river side where prayer was wont to be made c. And receiving the Sacrament Acts 20.7 And upon the first day of the week when the disciples came together to break bread Paul preached unto them c. Q. 6. At private Duties in our Families required as well as publick on the Sabbath A. Yes it is not enough to sanctifie the Sabbath in publick Ordinances but God requires it to be sanctified in Family and private Duties Lev. 23.3 But the seventh day is the sabbath of rest an holy convocation ye shall do no work therein it is the sabbath of the Lord in all your dwellings Q. 7. With what frame of Spirit are all Sabbath duties both publick and private to be performed A. They are to be performed with Spiritual delight Isa. 58.13 If thou turn away thy foot from the sabbath from doing thy pleasure on my holy day and call the sabbath a delight c. And all grudging at and weariness of Spiritual exercises is a sin forbidden Mal. 1.13 Ye said also behold what a weariness is it and ye have snuffed at it saith the Lord of hosts and ye brought that which was torn and the lame and the sick thus ye brought an offering should I accept this of your hand saith the Lord Amos 8.5 When will the new moon be gone that we may sell corn and the sabbath that we may set fo●th wheat c. Q. 8. What is the first Reason annexed to this Command A. The first Reason is the sufficient and large allowance of time God hath given us for our civil Callings and earthly business Six days in the week is a large allowance Q. 9. What is the second Reason annexed to this fourth Command A. The second Reason is Gods sanctifying and separating this day by a special Command and Institution for his service so that to profane this time is to sin against an express Divine Statute Q. 10. What 's the third Reason annexed to this Command A. The third Reason is Gods own Example who rested the seventh day from all his works and blessed this day by vertue of which Blessing we are encouraged to sanctifie it Q. 11. Is it not enough to sanctifie this day in our own persons A. No if God hath put any under our Authority their profaning the Sabbath will become our sin though we be never so strict in the observation of it our selves Q. 12. May we continue our civil Employments to the last moment of our common time A. Except Necessity or Mercy urge us we ought to break off before and allow some time to prepare for the Sabbath Luke 23.54 And that day was the preparation and the sabbath drew on Q. 13. What is the first Inference f●om hence A. That we have all great cause to be humbled for our Sabbath transgressions either in our unpreparedness for it our want of delight and spirituality in it or the due government of our Families as God requires Q. 14. What is the second Inference from hence A. That Christians on the Sabbath day have a fair occasion and help to real●ize to themselves the Heavenly state in which they are to live abstract from the World and God is to be all in all to them Of the fifth Commandment Quest. 63. WHich is the fifth Commandment A. The fifth Commandment is Honour thy Father and thy Mother that thy days may be long in the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee Quest. 64. What is required in the fifth Commandment A. The fifth Commandment requireth the preserving the Honour and performing the Duties belonging to every one in their several places and relations as superiors inferiors or equals Quest. 65. What is forbidden in the fifth Commandment A. The fifth Commandment forbiddeth the neglecting of or doing any thing against the honour and duty which belongeth to every one in their several places and relations Quest. 66. What is the Reason annexed to the fifth Commandment A. The Reason annexed to the fifth Commandment is a promise of long life and prosperity as far as it shall serve for Gods glory and their own
and hastening unto the coming of the day of God c. Q. 11. What is the third Inference A. That Faith is a Grace of absolute necessity and unspeakable excellency Rom. 5.1 2. Therefore being justified by faith we have peace with God through our Lord Iesus Christ. By whom also we have access by faith into this grace wherein we stand Q. 12. What is the last Inference A. All unbelievers are in a miserable State now Iohn 3.18 He that believeth not is condemned already And worse in the world to come Mat. 25.41 Depart from me ye cursed into everlasting fire prepared for the Devil and his Angels Of the full Enjoyment of God Quest. 1. WHAT doth perfect Blessedness suppose and imply A. It supposes the total Freedom of Believers from all the moral evil of Sin Eph. 5.27 That he might present you to himself a glorious Church not having spot nor wrinkle or any such thing but that it should be holy and without blemish And from all the penal evils of suffering Rev. 21.4 And God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes and there shall be no more death neither sorrow nor crying neither shall there be any more pain for the former things are passed away Q. 2 What else is implied in perfect Blessedness A. It implies the full and perfect enjoyment of God 1 Cor. 15.28 And when all things shall be subdued unto him then shall the Son also himself be subject unto him that put all things under him that God may be all in all Q 3. What is it for God to be all in all A. It implies three things in it First That all the Saints shall be filled and satisfied from God alone Secondly That there shall be no need of other things out of which they were wont to fetch comfort Thirdly That all other things as Heaven Angels Saints should be loved and enjoyed in God Q. 4 In what respect shall they Enjoy God in Heaven A They shall have the glorious and immediate presence of God with them Rev. 21.3 God himself shall be with them and be their God Q 5. In what other respects shall they Enjoy God A They shall see him as he is 1 Iohn 3.2 We shall be like him for we shall see him as he is Q 6. What will such a vision of God produce A It will produce perfect conformity in them to God 1 Iohn 3.2 When he shall appear we shall be like him for we shall see him as he is And perfect joy will result from hence Psal. 16.11 In thy presence is fulness of joy at thy right hand there are pleasures for evermore Q. 7. Do not the Saints enjoy God here A. Yes they do but not so as they shall enjoy him in Heaven 1 Cor. 13.12 Now we see through a glass darkly but then face to face now I know in part but then shall I know even as also I am known Q. 8. What are the special differences between the Saints Communion with God here and that in Heaven A. Their Communion with God here is clogg'd with Sin Rom. 7.21 I find then a law that when I would do good evil is present with me Here it is not constant Psal. 22.1 My God my God why hast thou forsaken me Nor is it satisfyîng but in Heaven it will be pure constant and satisfying Q. 9. How long shall they there enjoy God A. Not for days years ages but for ever and ever 1 Thes. 4.17 And so shall we be ever with the Lord. Q 10. What is the first Instruction from hence A. That the World is not the place of the Saints rest and satisfaction Heb. 4.9 There remaineth therefore a rest to the people of God 2 Cor. 5.2 6. For in this we groan earnestly desiring to be cloathed upon with our house which is from heaven therefore we are always confident knowing that whilst we are at home in the body we we are absent from the Lord. Q. 11. What is the second Instruction from hence A. That Death is a singular benefit to the Saints and though it be an enemy to Nature yet it is the medium to Glory 2 Cor. 5.4 For we that are in this Tabernacle do groan being burthened not for that we would be uncleathed but cloathed upon that mortality might be swallowed up of life Q. 12. What is the third Instruction hence A. The necessity of Faith and Regeneration in this World None shall be raised up in glory acknowledged acquitted and made perfectly blessed in the full enjoyment of God but Believers Rom. 8.30 Moreover whom he did predestinate them he also called and whom he called them he also justified and whom he justified them he also glorified Heb. 12.14 Follow peace with all men and holiness without which no man shall see the Lord. Of Man's Duty to God Quest. 39. WHAT is the Duty that God requireth of Man A. The Duty wh●ch God requireth of Man is Obedience to his revealed will Q 1. Is Obedience to God's will the Duty of every Man A. It is unquestionably the Duty of every man to obey the will of God so far as he hath made it known to him Micah 6.8 He hath shewed thee O man what is good and what doth the Lord require of thee but to do justly and to love mercy and to walk humbly with thy God Q. 2. On what a●count is Man's Obedience due to God A. 'T is due to him First As he is Creator In whom we live and move and have our being Acts 17.27 28. Secondly As he is our Benefactor from whom we receive all our Mercies Deut. 28.47 Because thou servest not the Lord thy God with joyfulness and with gladness of heart for the abundance of all things Therefore shalt thou serve thine enemies which the Lord shall send against thee in hunger thirst and nakedness and in want of all things Thirdly As he is our Lord and Law-giver Iam 4.12 There is one Law-giver who is able to save and to destroy Q. 3. Is Obedience due to none but God only A. Yes subjects must obey their lawful Magistrates Rom. 13.1 Let every soul be subject to the higher powers for there is no power but of God The powers that be are ordained of God People their Ministers Heb. 13.17 Obey them that have the rule over you and submit your selves for they watch for your souls as they that must give an account Children their Parents Eph. 6.1 Children obey your parents in the Lord for this is right But not as they are to obey God Q. 4. What is the difference betwixt our obedienc● to God's Commands and Men's A. We are to obey God chiefly and supreamly for his own sake 1 Pet. 2.13 Submit your selve to every ordinance of man for the Lords sake And Eph. 6.1 Children obey your parents in the Lord for this is right Q 5. What must we do when the Commands of God and Men fall cross to one another A. In that case we must yield