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A09632 An houreglasse contayning I a computation from the beginning of time to Christ by X. articles. II A confirmation of the same for the times controuersed before Christ: as also that there wanteth a yeare after Christ, in the vsuall computation. With other matters, offered to the iudgement of the learned, and vse of the studious in chronologie and historie. By Thomas Pie Doctor of Diuinitie. Pie, Thomas, 1560-1610. 1597 (1597) STC 19900; ESTC S114788 70,716 120

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Artaxerxes 7 yeare Esd 8.31 that is a little aboue 100. daies before the end of the second yeare of the 80 Olympiad as is shewed before And Christ Iesus with his Apostles and Disciples tooke his iourney to goe to Ierusalem to his passion whereby he restored the kingdome of Heauen to vs and made vs Citizens of Ierusalem which is above the 12 day of the first month that is two daies before the Passouer Math. 26.1 a little aboue 100 daies before the end of the 4. yeare of the 202. Olympiad as Eusebius proueth out of Phlegon The distance betweene these two iourneyes is precisely 490. yeares For 202. Olympiades multiplyed by 4 make 808. yeares and 79. Olympiades and 2 yeares make 318. yeares which being subducted out of the other there remains 490. Also it may be proued out of the most excellent Chronologer Iulius Aphricanus whose wordes Eusebius citeth Demonst. Euang. l. 8. ca. 2. Anno imperij Persarum 115. Artexerxes 20. Olymp. 83. anno 4. Nehemias missus est Hierosolymam ab Artaxerxe inde ad Olymp. 202. annum 2 Tiberij Caesaris 16 anni numerantur 475. In the 115 yeare of the Empyre of the Persians being Artaxerxes 20 and the 4 yeare of the Olymp. 83. Nehemias was sent to Ierusalem by Artaxerxes From thence to the 2 yeare of the Olymp. 202. and Tiberius 16 are reconed 475. yeares Where first I woulde haue noted that he coupleth Artaxerxes 20 with the 115. yeare of the Persians for the confirmation of that which before I set downe For in that summe are contayned first 23 yeares of Cyrus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or raygne before his Monarchie Secondly the 78 yeares assigned before from the beginning of Cyrus Monarchie to the ende of Artaxerxes 6 yeare Thirdly 14 that remayne to make vp Artaxerxes 20. This 20 yeare of Artaxerxes as may be gathered by that which before is spoken of his first 6 and 7 yeare began about a quarter of a yeare before the 4 yeare of the Olymp. 83. so that from the beginning of his 7 yeare to the beginning of the yeare 4 Olymp. 83 are 13 yeares and a quarter Which being added to Aphricans 475 make 488 and a quarter then adde the third years of the said Olympiad and three quarters of the fourth for Christ suffered about a quarter of a yeare before the ende of the 4 yeare of the Olymp. 202 there will be iust 490. Likewise the same will fall out by Tiberius raigne Aphrican saith that from Artaxerxes 20. to Tiberius 16 are 475 yeares but there wanteth aboue halfe a yeare of it For Tiberius 16 ended the 19 day of August which was but 50 daies after the beginning of the yeare 2 Olymp. 202. Adde thereto 13 yeares from Artaxerxes 7 to his 20 and there wil be 487 yeares and about 5 months The 16 yeare of Tiberius was Christs 31 wherefore we must adde further Christes 32 and 33 and about 7 moneths more that is from the 19 of August to his passion and there will be iust 490. The same may be proued also by Ptolomies calculatiō For he li. 4. c. 6. sheweth that Adrians 19 yeare was the 854 yeare from the second of Mardocempad li. 4. c. 9. he maketh the 20 year of Darius Histaspis to be the 219 frō the same 2 yeare of Mardocempad to which 219 ad 16 for the rest of Darius 21 for Xerxes Ataxerxes 6 ther wil be 262. which being substracted frō the 854 leaue 592 from Artaxerxes 7 to Adrians 19 inclusiuè The 19 of Adrian is ioyned by Historiographers with the yeare of Christ 136 as his first is ioyned with 118 out of 136 take 34 that is the space from Christs incarnation to his passion and there remaine 102 which being taken out of 592 there remaine 490 from Artaxerxes 7 to the passion of Christ Or thus Ptol. li. 3. ca. 82. reckoneth from Nabonassar to Alexanders death 424 yeares then consequently Alexanders last is the 200 yeare from Cambyses 7 inclusiuè For I shewed before that Cambyses 7 is Nabonassars 225 adde Cambyses first 6 and Cyrus his 7 and they make 213 from Cyrus first of his Monarchie to Alexanders death And from Alexanders death to the Conquest of Aegypt when Augustus reduced it to a Prouince Ptolomie reckoneth 294 yeares which was done in Augustus his III. Consulship and the yeare of Antonies death as Clemens Alexandrinus sheweth who also reckoneth thence to the Natiuitie of Christ 28 yeares and thence to his Passion are 33 all which make 568. Out of which substract 78 from Cyrus first to Artaxerxes 7 and there remaine 490 from Artaxerxes 7 to the Passion of Christ Eusebius in like sort agreeth exactly with this account for the Persians For Demonst Euang. l. 8. c. 2. from the first of Cyrus his Regiment to the end of the olde Testament that is to the death of Simon the high Priest which was in the yeare of the Greekes 177.1 Maccab. 16. he reckoneth 425. yeares Take 23 yeares of Cyrus Regiment before his Monarchie then 213 as before was shewed from Cyrus Monarchie to Alexanders death then 12 from his death to the Coronation of Seleucus Nicanor where the Computation of the Greekes beginneth and lastly their 177. yeares and there will be in all 425. Likewise the Computation of the Sabboth yeares and Iubilies agreeth notably with our account For Moses ordayneth that the Israelites should begin their Computation of them assone as they were entered into the lande so that the Manna ceasing their tillage and husbandrie began in Iosuahs first yeare and the first Sabboth yeare was in his 7 yeare that is the yeare of the world 2555. wherein the Land was at rest from warres too Ios 10.43 and then they began the diuision of the land as is euident by Calebs age Ios 14.7.10 and the 7 month and 10 day the people being assembled at Gilgall the lawe was red as it had beene red by Moses 7 yeares before Deut. 31.10 which day they began to rest and rested till that day tweluemonth intermitting their earing and tillage of 2555. and the haruest of 2556 so that the fruites of one yeare serued three yeares as God promiseth Leuit. 23 that is the olde fruites of the labours toyle and tillage of the 6 yeare 2554. serued the 7 yeare 2555. wherein they were gathered and the eight 2556 wherein they gathered none and the ninth 2557 till haruest that they might gather newe And so afterward for the Sabboth yeares Euerie seuenth Sabboth yeare was the Iubilie that is the 49 yeare from the former Iubilie exclusiuè or the 50 yeare inclusiuè so that the yeare 2597 was the first Iubilie 2646 the second c. Now with this Computation al the sabboth yeares Iubilies that we find recorded do iustly agree as the 18 yeare of Iosias that is 3381 was the 17 Iubilie as Ezechiell maketh it taking thēce his Computation account Cap. 1.1.2 It came to passe in the 30
yeare in the fourth month which was the fift yeare of king Iehoiacins captiuitie To the last 14 of Iosias adde 11 for the raignes of Iehoiakim Iehoiacin 5 of his captiuitie and there are iust 30. So likewise the Iewes besieged in Bethzura in the 50 yeare of the Greeks were driuē to yeeld the towne for want of vittailes by reason of the Sabboth yeare 1. Maccab. 6.49 For the 49 yeare of the Greeks that is 3759 was a sabboth yeare whereby they intermitted the tillage of that yeare and the haruest of the 50 yeare and their olde store of the haruest of 49 which should haue serued them till they might haue new fruites of the yeare 51 was spent by them which had escaped from the Gentiles and were come into Iudaea vers 53. Againe Herods oppugning of Ierusalem was in a Sabboth yeare which caused great famine in the Citie Ioseph li. 14. ca. 28. meaning not that the Sabboth yeare continued all the time of the siege which could haue beene no great cause of famine because they ought to haue had store enough of all the former yeare for all the Sabboth yeare and the yeare after too though they had had no warres at all but because the oppugning began in the end of the Sabboth yeare wherin no supply might be made which in the winter following caused great dearth indeede The Citie was taken as Iosephus saith the 185 Olymp. Vipsanius and Gallus being Consuls the third month and it was the third yeare of that Olympiad because their consulship began at Ianuary in that third yeare and in October before the Sabboth yeare ended and a little before that the Citie was oppugned and besieged by Herod and Silo Ioseph li. 14. ca. 27. where grew a mutinie among the Romane soldiars not liking to winter there for want of prouision which want grewe by reason of omitting the haruest before in regard of the Sabboth yeare Ioseph li. 14. ca. 27. Moreouer the sonne of God was Incarnate of the virgine Marie to whom the great and glad newes was brought by an Angel from heauen the verie first yeare of the 30 Iubilie and the same Sauiour of the world hauing accomplished the worke of our redemption rested in his sepulchre not onely the sabboth day but also the Sabboth yeare For in the 10 day of the 7 month of the yeare 4053 next before the passion of Christ beganne the 215 Sabbath yeare wherein Christ Iesus by his Passion purchased for vs true manumission eternall remission perfect liberty and euerlasting rest euen Sabboth vpon Sabboth as the Prophet speaketh To which Sabboth yeare and acceptable yeare of the Lord he prepared his countreymen of Nazaret in his sermon there not long before Luke 5. Nowe that the 10 Articles of the Computation from the creation to Christ be clearely confirmed and that the Olympiades be tyed to the Aera of Nabonassar and they both be applyed to the yeares of the world which are most certainely continued in holie scripture till the Captiuitie of Babilon it shall not be amisse to doe the like with the yeares of Rome which depend of the Olympiades because that Computation is much vsed in the Romane Historiographers And for the beginning of the Computation Aera or stile of Rome which the Chronologers briefly note with these two letters V. C. that is vrbis conditae of the building of the Citie there is great difference among the ancient writers as is well obserued by Solinus and more particularly by Sigonius Of the three principall opinions the first beginneth it in the yeare 3 Olymp. 6 or 23 yeare of Iphitus the second in 4 Olymp. 6. or 24 yeare of Iphitus the third in 1 Olymp. 7. or the 25 yeare of Iphitus The reason of which differences I will endeuour briefly to shewe and to reconcile these Computations for the better light to the studious in Historie And heereto the distinction vsed by Liuie in his verie beginning will helpe vs a little where he saith Ante conditam condendamuè vrbem before the building of the Citie was finished or before the building of the Citie was begunne First therefore it is held as certaine of the Romane Historiographers that Romulus hauing reuenged the iniuries of Amulius and leauing the rule and gouernment of Alba to Numitor incontinently and with all speede began the building of a new Citie the plot whereof was drawen out with a plough the foundation laid on the day of the shepheards feast called Palilia which after was called Natalis vrbis the birth day of the Citie which was as Plinie saith li. 18. c. 16. the 11. Calendes of May that is the 21 day of April in the third yeare of the sixt Olympiad as Plutarch recordeth in his Romulus that is the yeare of the world 3270 and within 46 daies of the ende of that third yeare and beginning of the fourth Which space of 46 daies is accounted for a yeare and at that instant Plutarch beginneth where he saith that Numa Pompilius was borne when Romulus built the Citie and that he began his raigne in the 40 yeare of his age And Paterculus In the 6 Olympiad 22 yeares after the first beginning of them Romulus hauing reuenged the iniuries of his grandfather built that is began to build the Citie of Rome in the feast Palilia in the Palatine But in his Computation he vseth the common account ab vrbe condita from the time after the Citie was built as straight followeth from which time that is post vrbem conditam as he speaketh Pag. 40. to thy Consulship M. Vinicius are 781 yeares and that was done after the taking of Troy 430 yeares as the place is corrected And Liuie when he saith that Romulus had peace 40 yeares And Pomponius Atticus and M. Tullius as Solinus setteth downe their opinions Cap. 2. The Citie was in building and accomplishing a whole yeare being finished at the same feast in the 4 yeare of the 6 Olympiad that is the 21 of April 3271. where began the account V. C. that is ab vrbe condita and Romulus raigne of 37 yeares And from thence Varro taketh his Aera Computation which is followed by Eutropius Orosius and Censorinus where he saith This yeare the stile whereof is the Consulship of Vlpius and Pontianus is the yeare 1014 from the first Olympias beginning it but only from the Summer Solstice about which time the Olympique plaies and games were shewed and the 991 yeare after Rome was built beginning it at the Palilia whence the yeares of Rome are accounted Nowe Dionysius a Greeke and writing in Greeke to make the Computation of Rome agreeable and proportionable to the yeare and Computation of the Greekes did cast away those fewe daies of the last yeare of the 6 Olympiad and did begin it with the beginning of the new Olympiad and maketh from the destruction of Troy to that time 432 yeares agreeing iust with Diodorus Siculus who maketh it 408 yeares from the