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rest_n	day_n	keep_v	week_n	3,078	5	10.0731	5	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A34637	The compleat gamester, or, Instructions how to play at billiards, trucks, bowls, and chess together with all manner of usual and most gentile games either on cards or dice : to which is added the arts and mysteries of riding, racing, archery, and cock-fighting.	Cotton, Charles, 1630-1687.	1674 (1674)	Wing C6382; ESTC R23124	83,437	249

bring forth very good Chickens but the best Cock from a Dunghill-Hen will never get a bird that 's fit for the Game where if you intend to have a good breed get perfect Cocks for your perfect Hens The best season for breeding is from the encrease of the Moon in February to the encrease of the same in March Let her nest be so placed that she may not be disturbed by the sight of any other fowl which frequently so raiseth her choler that the Eggs are in greater danger let the composure of her nest be made of soft sweet straw and let it stand in some warm place for she is a Bird that is very tender The next thing that you are to observe is whether she turn her Eggs often or not if she is remiss therein you must supply her duty but if she save you the labour prize her more than ordinary And that she may not straggle too far from her Eggs being necessitated to seek abroad for food and so cool her Eggs it will be altogether necessary for you to set by her such necessary food as you shall think fit with some fair water and that she may bathe and trim her self at her pleasure in the place where she siteth let there be sand gravel and ashes finely sifted The Hen hatcheth her Chickens commonly after one and twenty days observe in the hatching to take those newly hatched and wrapping them in wool keep them warm by a fire side till the rest are disclosed being all hatcht put them under the Hen and be sure to keep her warm and suffer not your Hen and Chickens to straggle abroad till they are above three weeks old and let the room wherein they walk be boarded for all other Flours are either too moist or too cold Let their Walk be in some Grass-court or Green-place after they are a month old that they may have the benefit of feeding on Worms and now and then to scowre themselves with Grass and Chick-weed but be careful they come not near Puddles or filthy places for they engender in birds of this nature venemous distempers which commonly prove fatal for the prevention of such maladies by way of antidote give them every morning before they range abroad the blades of Leeks chopt or minced small and mingled among their usual diet also it will be requisite to perfume their room with burnt Penyroyal or Rosemary Observe to take this course till their Sexes are distinguishable as soon as the Comb or Wattels are discernable or plainly visible to the eye cut them away and anoint the sore place with sweet butter till it be whole The reasons why their Combs or Wattles should be cut so soon are these First if you let them grow till they arrive to their full bigness and then cut them there will follow a great flux of blood and the least loss of blood in feather'd fowl is very dangerous if much frequently mortal moreover to let them grow thus causeth gouty thick heads with great lumps whereas if you take them off betime as aforesaid they will have heads finely small smooth and slender The time of the separation of the Cock-Chickens is when they begin to fight with and peck one another till which time you may let them walk with the Hen promiscuously together but afterwards let their Walks be apart and that Walk is best where he may securely and privately enjoy his Hens without the disturbance and annoyance of other Cocks for which purpose walks at Wind-mills Water-mills Grange-houses Lodges in Parks and Coney-Warrens are very good Walks but that the later is somewhat dangerous being too frequently haunted with Polecats and other vermin Let the place of feeding be as near as you can on soft dry ground or on boards if the place be harder as on paved earth or floors plaister'd it will so weaken and blunt their beaks that they will be unable to hold fast Here note That any white Corn is good for a Cock in his Walk and so are white-bread tosts steeped in drink or man's urine which will both scowre and cool them inwardly Let not above three Hens walk with your Cock for should you suffer more they will tread too much by reason of the heat of their nature and by often treading they will cons●me their strength and become so debilitated that though they have courage enough yet they have not strength to perform their parts as they ought to do in a battel Observe the crowing of your Chickens if you find them crow too soon that is before six months old or unseasonably and that their crowing is clear and loud fit them as soon as you can for the Pot or Spit for they are infallible signs of cowardise and falshood on the contrary the true and perfect Cock is long before he obtains his voice and when he hath got it observes his hours with the best judgment Suffer not your Cock to fight a battel till he is compleat and perfect in every member and that is when he is two years old for to fight him when his Spurs are but warts comparatively is no sign of discretion for you may then probably know his valour and courage but you cannot know his worth and goodness In especial manner take care that your Cocks roosting-Perch be not too small in the gripe or so ill placed that he cannot sit without stradling or if it be crooked it is bad for by these means a Cock will be uneven heel'd and consequently no good striker and know that a Perch either maketh or marreth a Cock to remedy or prevent such faults is to have in your roost a row of little Perches about eight inches in length and ten inches from the ground that the Cock may with more facility ascend and being up is forced to keep his legs near together and here take notice of this maxim amongst the best Cock-breeders That the Cock which is a close sitter is ever a narrow striker Let the footstool of the Perch be round and smooth about the thickness of a mans arm or if you will have the best form for a Perch go visit the houses of the most skilful Cock-masters and from them all gather what is most necessary for your purpose by making inspection into their feeding-pens and other places and let the ground underneath the Perch be soft for otherwise when he leaps down he will be apt on a rough and hard ground to hurt his feet insomuch that they will grow knotty and gouty Of dieting and ordering a Cock for Battel IN the dieting and ordering of a Cock for Battail confisteth all the substance of profit and pleasure and therefore your cunning Cock-merchants are very cautious of divulging the secrets as they call them of dieting for on that depends the winning or losing of the Battel they knowing very well that the best Cock undieted is unable to encounter the worst that is dyeted let others be as niggardly as they please of

their experience and observations for my part I shall be free and scorn to conceal any thing that may tend to the propagation of the art and mystery of Cock-fighting wherefore as to the dyeting and ordering of fighting Cocks take these instructions following The time of taking up your Cocks is about the latter end of August for from that time till the latter end of May Cocking is seasonable and in request the Summer season being improper by reason of its great heat Having taken them up view them well and see that they are sound hard feather'd and full summ'd that is having all their feathers compleat then put them into several pens having a moving Perch therein to set it at which corner of the Perch you think most convenient the fashion and form of these pens you may have at the house of any Cocker and therefore I shall give you no directions how to make them only be advised to keep your Pens clean and let not your Cocks want either meat or water For the first four days after your Cock is pend feed him with the crumb of old Manchet cut into square bits about a handful at a time and feed him thrice a day therewith that is at Sun-rising when the Sun is in his Meridian and at Sun-setting and let his water be from the coldest spring you can get it Having fed your Cock thus four days or so long till you think he hath purg'd himself of his corn worms gravel and other coarse feeding then in the morning take him out of the Pen aud let him Sparr a while with another Cock Sparring is after this manner Cover each of your Cocks heels with a pair of Hots made of bombasted rolls of Leather so covering the Spurs that they cannot bruise or wound one another and so setting them down on straw in a room or green-grass abroad let them fight a good while but by no means suffer them to draw blood of one another the benefit that accrues hereby is this it heateth and chafeth their bodies and it breaketh the fat and the glut that is within them and adapts it for purgation Having sparred as much as is sufficient which you may know when you see them pant and grow weary then take them up and taking off their Hots give them a Diaphoretick or sweating after this manner You must put them in deep straw-baskets made for the purpose or for want of them take a couple of Cocking-bags and fill these with straw half ways then put in your Cokcs severally and cover them over with straw to the top then shut down the lids and let them sweat but do not forget to give them first some white Suger-candy chopt Rosemary and Butter mingled and incorporated together let the quantity be about the bigness of a Walnut by so doing you will cleanse him of his grease increase his strength and prolong his breath Towards four or five a clock in the evening take them out of their Stoves and having lickt their eyes and head with your tongue put them into their Pens and having filled their Troughs with square-cut-manchet piss therein and let them feed whilst the Urine is hot for this will cause their scouring to work and will wonderfully cleanse both head and body After this diet your Cocks with a Bread made after this manner Of Wheat-meal and Oat-meal Flower take of each a Gallon and knead them into a stiff paste with Ale the whites of half a score Eggs and some Butter having wrought the Dow very well make it into broad thick Cakes and when they are four days old cut them into square pieces I will not advise you to use as some imprudently do Liquorish Anniseeds or rather hot Spices among your foresaid Ingredients for they will make a Cork so hot at the heart that upon the concluding of the Battel he will be suffocated and overcome with his own heat In short that food is best which is most consentaneous to his own natural feeding The second day after his sparring take your Cock into a fair green close and having a Dunghil-Cock in your arms show it him and then run from him that thereby you may intice him to follow you permitting him to have now and then a blow and thus chace him up and down abont half an honr when he begins to pant being well heated take him up and carry him home and give him this scouring take half a pound of fresh Butter and beat it in a Mortar with the leaves of Herb of Grace Hysop and Rosemary till they all look like a green Salve give him thereof a piece as big as a Walnut and then stove him as aforesaid till evening and then feed him according to former prescription The next day let him feed and rest and spar him the next day after thus do every other day for the first fortnight either sparring or chasing and after every heat a scowring which will keep him from being faint and pursie Feed him the second fortnight as you did the first but you must not spar him or chase him above twice a week observing still that if you heat him much you must stove him long and give him a greater quantity of scowring When well in breath slight heats small scowrings and little stoving will serve the turn The third fortnight which is a time sufficient for ordering a Cock for the Battel you must feed him as aforesaid but you must not spar him at all for fear of making his head sore but you may moderately chase him twice or thrice in that time as aforesaid then give him his scowring rolled well in brown Sugar-Candy which will prevent the scowring from making the Cock sick now may you let him fight having first let him rest four days observing that he come empty into the Pit The right way of Cock-matching OF all things have a special care how you match your Cock for should you feed your Cock with ever so much circumspect care and prudence it will avail nothing if your Cock be over-matcht In matching take notice of these two things first the length of Cocks secondly the strength of Cocks for the length if your Adversaries Cock be too long yours shall hardly catch his head and so be incapable of indangering eye or life and if he be the stronger he will overbear your Cock and not suffer him to rise or strike with any advantage The length you may judg of by the eye when you gripe the Cock by the waste and make him shoot out his legs in which posture you shall see the utmost of his height and so compare them together being herein governed by your judgment his strength is known by the thickness of his body Take this for a Rule That a Cock is ever held the strongest which is the largest in the garth You shall know the dimension of the garth by the measure of your hands griping the Cock about from the points of your great finger to

mile and half from the stable near some level ground where you may gallop him afterwards having scop'd him a little bring him to the water again then scope him and bring him again so often till he refuse to drink more for that time after this walk him home clothe and stop him up round with great so●t wisps and having stood an hour upon the bridle feed him with sweet sound Oats either dryed by age or art If your horse be low of flesh or hath a bad stomach add one third of 〈◊〉 to two parts of Oats and that will recover both The next food you shall give him shall be better and stronger and it is bread which you must make after this manner take two bushels of beans and one of wheat and grind them together then boult through a fine Range the quantity of half a bushel of pure meal and bake it in three loaves and the rest sift through a Meal-sieve and knead it with water and good store of barm and bake it in great loaves with the courser bread feed your Runner in his resting days and with the finer against the days of his exercise and greatest labour The times of his feeding upon the days of his rest must be after his comming from water in the morning an hour after mid-day after his evening watering and at ten a clock at night but upon his labouring days two hours after he is throughly cold outwardly and inwardly afterwards as aforesaid Let his Hay be dry and short if it be sweet no matter how course it is for if it be rough it will scowre his teeth As for the proportion of his food I need not prescribe a quantity since you must allow him according to the goodness and badness of his stomach His exercise ought to be thrice a week and it must be more or less according to the condition of his body for if it be foul exercise him moderately to break his grease if clean you may do as you think fit having a care that you discourage him not nor abate his mettle and after every exercise give him that night or the next morning a scouring the best I know to purge a Horse from all grease glut or filth whatever is this take three ounces of Anniseeds six drams of Cumminseeds a dram and half of Cathamus two drams of Fen-greek-seed and of Brimstone an ounce and half beat all these to a fine powder and searse them then take of Sallet-oyl somewhat more than a pint a pound an● half of Honey and a pottle of white Wine then with fine white Meal knead it well into a strong paste and keep it by you it will last a long time when you use it dissolve a ball thereof in a Pail of fair water and give it him to drink after exercise in the dark lest discolouring the water the Horse refuse to drink This is an excellent scouring and a remedy for all internal distempers Now after exercise cool him a little abroad before you bring him home then house him and litter him well rubbing him with dry clothes till there be never a wet hair about him then clothe and wisp him round Here note before you air your Horse it will be requisite to break a raw Egg into his mouth for it will add to his wind If he be fat air him before Sun-rise and after Sun-set but if lean let him have as much comfort of the Sun as you can Coursing in his clothes sometimes to make him sweat is not irrequisite so it be moderately done but when without his clothes let it be sharp and swift Let his body be empty before he course and to wash his tongue and nostrils with Vinegar or to piss in his mouth e're you back him is wholesom having courst him clothe him after he hath taken breath and ride him home gently To be short what is here defective in the right ordering of a Race-horse your own judgments may easily supply All that you have to do is to be careful when to take him up how to clothe him and dress him when and how to feed and water what and how much exercise is requisite either by airing or by coursing and his ordering after exercise and what scowrings are most requisite and that I may add a little more to your knowledg and conclude this subject take these general Rules and Instructions 1. Course not your Horse hard at least four or five days before you run your match lest the soarness of his li●bs abate his speed 2. Except your Horse be a foul feeder muzzle him not above two or three 〈◊〉 before his match and the night 〈◊〉 his bloody courses 3. As you give your Horse gentle courses give him sharp ones too that h● may as well find comfort as displesure thereon 4. Upon the match-match-day let your Horse be empty and that he take his rest undisturbed till you lead him out 5. Shoo your Horse ever a day before you run him then the pain of the Hammers knocks may be out of his feet 6. Saddle your Horse on the Race-day in the stable before you lead him forth and fix both the Pannel and the Girths to his back and sides with Shoo-makers wax to prevent all dangers 7. Lead your horse to his course with all gentleness and give him leave to smell to other horses dung that thereby he may be enticed to stole and empty his body as he goes 8. Lastly When you come to the place where you must start first rub his limbs well then uncloath him then take his back and the word given start him with all gentleness and quietness that may lest doing any thing rashly you choak him in his own wind A Race-horse ought to have all the finest shapes that may be but above all things he must be nimble quick and fiery apt to fly with the least motion Long shapes are tolerably good for though they shew weakness yet they assure sudden speed The best horse for this use is the Arabian Barbary or his Bastard not but Gennets are good but the Turks much better Having laid you down all these advantages for ordering your Racer from his taking up to the day of his running I hope you will make such good use of them that if upon an equal match you should lay your money on the heels of your horse thus ordered he shall be so far from kicking away his masters stake that the nimbleness of his feet shall make it double I might here insert the many subtilties and tricks there are used in making a Match the craft of the Betters with the knavery of the Riders but that they are now too generally known by the woful experience of too many Racing-losers CHAP. XXXVII Of ARCHERY ARchery as it is a recreation so it hath been heretofore and is still in some parts of the world very useful in military affairs but now quite laid aside by English men for fighting there being found out more