As ye were Musketteers make ready The Muskeetteers make ready in the same manner as if they were going to fire and hold their Muskets in a readiness to present and at the same time the Pikes present their Pikes or charge To the Right four times To the Right about As ye were To the Left four times To the Left about As ye were Take your Match Return it into its place Shoulder your Musket The Pikes advance their Pikes After the handling of their Arms the Major makes them double their Ranks on the Front and Rear To the Right or to the Left double your Ranks on the Front March The second Rank enters into the first the fourth into the third and the last into the fifth but that should be done in such a manner that no Soldier go before another and that the motion be performed all at the same time moving always the left foot first To reduce the Ranks as they were Ranks that doubled as ye were Or in another manner Ranks that doubled take heed To the Right about March Halt As ye were The Ranks that doubled return to their place and the Soldiers turn to the Left about to put themselves as they were To double their Ranks on the Front by half Files To the Right or to the Left by half-File-leaders Double your Ranks on the Front March The fourth Rank which is the half File-leader doubles into the first Rank which is the File-leader the fifth into the second and the last which is the Bringer up into the third They are put again as they were in this manner Bringers up to the Right about March As ye were Or as is above-said To double the Ranks on the Rear Soldiers take heed to double your Ranks on the Rear The Ranks that doubled stand still To the Right or to the Left double your Ranks on the Rear March The first Rank turns to the Right about and enters into the second the third into the fourth and the fifth into the last to put them as they were Ranks that doubled as ye were March To double on the Rear by Bringers up of half Files To the Righe or to the Left by Bringers up of half Files double your Ranks on the Rear March The three first Ranks turn to the Right about and the third Rank which is the Bringer up of the half File doubles into the last the second into the fifth and the first into the fourth and face about as the other Ranks which they have doubled by turning to the Left about To put them as they were by File-leaders Ranks that doubled as ye were March The Files are doubled and put again as they were after the same manner as the Ranks to the Right or to the Left by half Rank or quarter Rank by Front or Rear according to the pleasure of the Commander The Quart of Conversion or Wheeling is one of the most necessary Motions to the Fort. When a Battalion is attacked on the Flank the Major gives this Word of Command To the Right or to the Left Wheel March If the Wheeling be made to the Right the Right turns insensibly and the Left double their pace until the Battalion make Front to the side where the Right stood If the wheeling be commanded to the Left what was done to the Right is done to the Left Soldiers should be exercised to fire all manner of ways in keeping of ground gaining of ground and losing of ground To make them fire in keeping of ground this word of Command iâ— given The five first Ranks kneel Bringers up make ready Present Fire Fifth Rank stand up Musketteers make ready Present Fire c. And so of the rest whilst the first Ranks discharge those on the Rear who have fired charge again and are in readiness against the first word of Command A Battalion is sometimes forced to give ground when it is beset with the Enemy's Horse in the middle of a Plain When it is so the Major ought to make a square Battalion which fronts every way and which is fraized with Pikes serving as Walls to hinder the Horse to break in whilst the Musketteers fire The Battalion of the Count de Fontaine at the Battel of Rocroy the first of so many Victories obtained by Monsieur the Prince stood firm against the Horse and could not be broken but by Cannon To fire in gaining of ground the Battalion is commanded to advance as fast as the former Ranks discharge ordering them to fall off to the Rear so soon as they have fired by this word of Command To the Right and Left by half Ranks Fall off to the Rear of the Battalion March When they would fire in losing of ground the first Rank discharges and falls off to the Rear of the Battalion and so the rest successively To make all the Musketteers of a Battalion draw their Swords after they have fired whilst their Muskets are still on the Sword side the Major gives this word of Command Draw your Swords To the Right four times To the Right about To the Left four times To the Left about As ye were Put up your Swords Joyn your right hand to your Muskets Poise your Muskets Shoulder your Muskets Rest upon your Arms. Lay down your Arms. Take up your Arms. Shoulder your Muskets After the handling of Arms and the Motions if the Colonel would have the Battalion to march he is to tell the Major who shall give this word of Command to the Officers To the Right and Left Gentlemen Officers take your Posts on the head of the Battalion March Then he shall make the Soldiers close their Files in this manner Soldiers take heed to close your Files The right hand File stand still To the Right close your Files March As ye were When the Files are closed the Colonel gives order in what manner he would have the Battalion to march and the Major divides the Captains one half for the Front and the other for the Rear he places the Lieutenants at the head of every Division of Musketteets the Sub-Lieutenants and Ensigns at the Divisions of Pikes and the Serjeants on the Flanks he divides his Drummers into three parts one third part on the Front another before the Pikes and the last on the Rear and in that order he makes his Battalion file off commanding the Serjeants to even their Ranks as they march The Major makes the Regiment march in all Figures in Battalia all the Officers on the head making all the Battalion present their Arms aâ— when they are to charge an Enemy by a March a half March a quarter March and by a half quarter March If the Colonel command the Companies to be dismissed the Major shall draw up the Regiment in Battalia iâ— the same place from whence it marched and shall begin by making the Pikes draw off from the Centre of the Battalion to the Rear Pikes to the Right about March Halt As ye were Then he makes the
Store-keepers Gunners and Saltpeter-men who serve as well in the Army as in the Towns Arsenals and publick work-houses of France The great Master receives orders from no Officer but the General and gives them out in his Park The Bells of the Towns that are taken by Assault or Composition belong to the Artillery and the great Master sends Officers to make inventory of what is found in the Magazines Of the Lieutenant Generals The Lieutenat Generals Command the Artillery and its Officers in absence of the great Master The duty of their charge is to go view the ground for the Batteries to mark them out cause them be raised with all diligence and put in condition of Battering the place and Enemies they have the care of causing to be brought into the Trenches all the Arms and Instruments that may be needful and there to appoint Officers to distribute and deliver them out Of Commissaries Every Piece in a Battery hath its Commissary and Officers to serve it a Commissary must be bold skilful and experienced because he it is that levels the Piece by means of the Viser and Wedges which he causes to be raised or lower'd as much as he thinks convenient according as he knows how the Pieces carry and what their burden is When a Cannon is fired the Commissary is to observe if the Bullet works the effect that he desires to the end he may retain or change the manner of levelling it Of Gunners Every Piece in a Battery ought to have its Gunner as well as Commissary the duty of the Gunner is so soon as the Piece hath fired to cool it with a Sponge dipped in Vinegar or Urine without losing of time to put in the Powder Wad and Shot Two of those that serve the Gun take care to place the Piece again into his place the Commissary levels it and gives order to fire A Gunner who understands his Trade well has special care not to put the Powder into a Piece that has just fired until he hath first cooled it because of the heat that remains long in the Metal Every Piece ought to have its men to serve it its Store of Powder and Bullets of size with a provision of Hay for Wads but in such a place as no sparks can flie to The Instruments necessary to a Cannon are the Sponges to cool it the Cartridges wherein the Powder for charging is put the Rammer which serves to Ram it and the Wedges for levelling Of Miners and Fire-work-men Miners and Fire-work-men are also members of the Artillery the former are commanded by a Captain of Miners and serve to Undermine Walls dig holes which the French call Fourneaux under the Lodgings and Mines for blowing up the Bastions and Works of a place The employment of the others is to throw Bombes and to make all sorts of Artificial Fire to be cast into the place that is Attacked or from the walls of that which is defended CHAP. XVIII Of the March of an Army IT is the Generals prudence to order the March of his Army according to the commodiousness of the Country and the knowledge he hath of the Enemies Forces A great Army marches commonly in three great bodies the Artillery and Baggage in the middle but the Country must not be traversed with Marishes or Rivulets and there must be an easy communication between one body and another If the Enemy be on the right hand and the left covered by a River the Equipage should march on the side of the River and the Army in a body or two on the side of the Enemy having alwayes Detachments of Horse or Dragoons in the Van-guard and on the Wings When an Army hath long narrow passages of Woods or Mountains to pass through the General sends of immediately some Regiments of Foot and lines his Squadrons with Battallions leaving Foot in the Woods or on the heights to facilitate the passage of the Artillery and Equipage and as his Troops get through he draws them up in Battel array and keeps them so until all the Army have passed the Pass When an Army Marches in a Country where there is no fear of any powerful Army and where the General would have them live more at their ease he divides them into several Bodies which he sends by several wayes under the Command of General persons appointing to all of them a general Rendezvous The Army in a March is divided into the Van-guard the body of the Battel and the Reer-guard the Van and Reer-guards are Commanded by Lieutenant Generals and Mareschals de Camp the General abides commonly in the body of the Army from whence he sends his Orders to all places where there is need of them by his Aides de Camp or Adâ—utants or by his Majors of Brigads The Cavalry is divided into two Bodies and the Infantry march in the middle betwixt them the first Brigades have the Van-guard and Reer-guard by turns that is that they who have the Van-guard to day have â—he Reer-guard to morrow that is lone by making the Army File off one day to the right and the other to â—he left CHAP. XIX Of Encamping The way of Encamping Horse first Line Foot Horse Second Line Park of Artllerie Park of the Provisions Kings Quarters The Huts of the Quarter Masters and Serjeants are alwayes at the head of the Troopers and Souldiers and the Officers Tents behind The Camp of the first Brigade of the Army is on the right hand of the first line that of the second on the left the third is posted on the right of the second line the fourth on the left and the rest in the Center according to their seniority this is observed among the Horse as well as Foot The Dragoons are never Encamped in the Body of the Army but have their Camp at the Head or on the Wings in that side where the greatest danger is serving alwayes as an out-Guard for the Army Every Regiment ought to have a Guard at the head of their Camp and the Mareschal de Camp for the day takes care to place the great Guard half a League beyond the Army towards the Enemy chusing for that effect a place where all the Avenues may be discovered there it continues during the day and at night draws off near the Army at the head of the Foot When an Army Encamps near the Enemy and there is no River to divide them the General Entrenches his Camp and makes his men pass the night in Arms. Page 53. 1. st part The way of Encamping Lines of Circomvallation Lines of Contravallation The Trenches The River Artillerie Bridg The Kings Quarters Guard CHAP. XX. Of Sieges and Attaques WHen a General intends to Besiege a place he causes it first to be invested by a Body of Horse under the Command of a Lieutenant General and a Mareschal de Camp to hinder all succours from entering it whilest he himself is expected with the rest of the Army The manner of Encamping
the Surgeon Major of the Regiment He ought to make Provision of Medicaments proper to stop Bleeding hinder Inflammation and ease Pains There is no Company but hath one or two Drummers and a Drum-Major over all who hath the care of instructing the rest and guarding the Enemies Drummers that come into the Camp He can with his Baton punish those that fail in their duty and goes Evening and Morning to the Major to receive his Orders The Drummers duty is to beat all Points as the General the Call or Gathering the Dernier the March the Allarm the Parly the Answer to Parleys the Reveilly the Tattoe and the Bans. The Soldier ought to be stout strong a good Husband and obedient to all his Officers from the Captain to the Lanspassades He should study to keep himself neat to make his Arms bright and clean to know how to use them the Soldier 's duties the motions of his Company its March to lodge himlelf in the Field keep his Guard and Sentinel-Post to understand the Beat of Drum and to be diligent to come to his Colours His eating and sleep should be regulated according to his leisure and not his pleasure CHAP. XVI Of the way of forming a Battalion WHen a Colonel on any occasion would have his Regiment to be in Arms he sends his Major to the place of Rendezvous to draw up the Companies as fast as they arrive there who puts first the Colonel's Company in Battalia six men deep distant three large paces from one another and places the Pikes on the left hand of the Musketteers The other Companies draw up according to the first All being posted the Major commands silence and orders fix Serjeants to mark the half Ranks that he may make the Pikes enter into the Centre of the Musketteers by this word of Command The way of forming a Battalion Page 51 in the Second Part. The Explication of the present Figure THis Figure represents a Battalion of sixteen Companies with the Officers at their Posts A The Colonel B The Lieutenant-Colonel aaa c. The Captains bb The Lieutenants CC The Lieutenants-Reformed and Ensigns DD The Serjeants EE The Drummers on the Flanks F The Major G The Aid Major ooo The Musketteers III The Pikes Soldiers take heed to form the Battalion To the Right and Left Musketteers and Pikes Form the Battalion March The Musketteers of the Colonel's Company stand still the right hand half Rank of Pikes turn to the Left the Musketteers to the Right the left hand half rank of Pikes turn to the Right the Musketteers to the Left and march both together through the Intervals of the Ranks till the Pikes come to the Centre of the Battalion separated from the Musketteers and the Musketteers on the Right and Left separated from the Pikes When they have performed that Motion the Major reduces them as they were by this word of Command As ye were They that turned to the Left turn to the Right they that turned to the Right to the Left and by this means every one faces the Major and so the Battalion is formed This is a far shorter way than that which was in use not long ago CHAP. XVII Of Exercising WHen the Regiment is in Battalia if the Colonel intend to see them exercise he gives notice to the Major who makes them open their Files one pace giving thereby the Soldiers the liberty of the arm to handle their Arms. This is the word of Command he gives Soldiers take heed to open your Files The right hand File stands still Open your Files to the left a paces distance March All the Soldiers turn to the Lest the lest hand File begins to march and the others move not from their places until they see those that go before them at a paces distance The Soldiers in marching are to have care to keep in a straight line by their Right hand-man and File-leader When the Major perceives that the Files are sufficiently opened he says to them Halt As you were Even your Ranks and straighten your Files All things thus disposed the Major gives the word of Command to the Serjeants Serjeants take beed To the Right and Left by half Ranks form Files upon the Flanks of the Battalion March Then he gives this word of Command to the Officers who are at the head of the Battalion Gentlenten Officers we are going to Exercise To the Right and Left take your Post on the Flanks of the Battalion March The words of Command in Exercising Soldiers take heed Silence Carry your Arms well The Soldiers are to have a care to make no motion until the word of Command be given and ended to the end that the handling of Arms and the motions may be done at the same time Joyn the Right hand to the Musket â—oise your Musket Joyn the left hand to your Musket Take your Match Blow your Match Cock your Match Try your Match Cover your Pan with your two fore singers Open your Pan. Present Fire Recover your Arms. Take your Match Return it into its place Blow your Pan. Take your Primer Prime Close your Pan. Blow off the loose Corns Cast your Musker about to your swords side Take the Charge Open it with your teeth Put the Powder into the Barrel Draw your scouring Stick Hold up your scouring Stick Shorten it against your breast Put the scouring Stick into the Barrel Ram. Recover your scouring Stick Hold up your scouring Stick Shorten it against your breast Return the scouring Stick into its place Joyn the right hand to your Musket Poise your Musket Shoulder your Musket The Exercise of the Pike Whilst the Pikes are exercising the Musketteers are made to order or rest upon their Arms by this word of Command Rest your selves upon your Arms. Pikes take heed To the Right to the Right to the Right to the Right To the Right about As ye were To the Left to the Left to the Left to the Left To the Left about As ye were Advance your Pike To the Right charge four times Charge to the Right about As ye were Charge to the Left four times Charge to the Left about As ye were Advance your Pike Shoulder your Pike Charge to the Right As ye were Charge to the Left As ye were Charge to the Left about As ye were Comport your Pike Charge As ye were Charge Trail your Pike As ye were Push your Pike three times Advance your Pikes Charge to the Horse Draw your Swords Put up your Swords Advance your Pike Ground your Pike Rest upon your Arms. The Pikes as well as Musketteers ought to have a care when they turn to the Right or Left not to clash their Arms one against another for that clattering is most unpleasant to the ear Take heed all the Battalion Shoulder your Muskets The Pikes at the same time advance their Pikes To the Right four times To the Right about As ye were To the Left four times To the Left about