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rest_n	command_n	face_n	right_n	6,088	5	9.5860	5	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A08802	Nine sermons vpon sun[drie] texts of scripture first, The allegeance of the cleargie, The supper of the Lord, secondly, The Cape of Good Hope deliuered in fiue sermons, for the vse and b[ene]fite of marchants and marriners, thirdly, The remedie of d[r]ought, A thankes-giuing for raine / by Samuel Page ...	Page, Samuel, 1574-1630.	1616 (1616)	STC 19088.3; ESTC S4403	1,504,402	175

with a little swelling with a knife or lancet so breaking and opening a way for them notwithstanding that a little fluxe of blood will follow by the tension of the gummes of which kind of remedy I have with prosperous and happy successe made tryall in some of mine owne children in the presence of Feureus Altinus and Cortinus Doctors of Physick and Guillemeau the Kings Chirurgian which is much better and more safe than to doe as some nurses doe who taught onely by the instinct of nature with their nailes and scratching breake and teare or rent the childrens gummes The Duke of Nevers had a sonne of eight moneths old which died of late and when wee with the Physitians that were present diligently sought for the cause of his death we could impute it unto nothing else than to the contumacious hardnesse of the gums which was greater than was convenient for a childe of that age for therefore the teeth could not breake forth nor make a passage for themselves to come forth of which our judgement this was the tryall that when we cut his gummes with a knife we found all his teeth appearing as it were in an array ready to come forth which if it had bin done when he lived doubtlesse he might have beene preserved The End of the twenty fourth Booke OF MONSTERS AND PRODIGIES THE TWENTY FIFTH BOOK THE PREFACE WEe call Monsters what things soever are brought forth contrary to the common decree and order of nature So wee terme that infant monstrous which is borne with one arme alone or with two heads But we define Prodigies those things which happen contrary to the whole course of nature that is altogether differing and dissenting from nature as if a woman should bee delivered of a Snake or a Dogge Of the first sort are thought all those in which any of those things which ought and are accustomed to bee according to nature is wanting or doth abound is changed worne covered or defended hurt or not put in his right place for somtimes some are born with more fingers than they should other some but with one finger some with those parts devided which should be joyned others with those parts joyned which should bee devided some are borne with the privityes of both sexes male and female And Aristotle saw a Goate with a horne upon her knee No living creature was ever borne which wanted the Heart but some have beene seene wanting the Spleene others with two Spleenes and some wanting one of the Reines And none have bin known to have wanted the whole Liver although some have bin found that had it not perfect and whole and there have beene those which wanted the Gall when by nature they should have had it and besides it hath beene seene that the Liver contrary to his naturall site hath lien on the left side and the Spleene on the right Some women also have had their privities closed and not perforated the membranous obstacle which they call the Hymen hindering And men are sometimes borne with their fundaments eares noses and the rest of the passages shut and are accounted monstrous nature erring from its entended scope But to conclude those Monsters are thought to portend some ill which are much differing from their nature CHAP. I. Of the cause of Monsters and first of those Monsters which appeare for the glory of God and the punishent of mens wickednesse THere are reckoned up many causes of monsters the first whereof is the glory of God that his immense power may be manifested to those which are ignorant of it by the sending of those things which happen contrary to nature for thus our Saviour Christ answered the Disciples asking whether he or his parents had offended who being born blind received his sight from him that neither he nor his parents had committed any fault so great but this to have happened onely that the glory and majesty of God should be divulged by that miracle and such great workes Another cause is that God may either punish mens wickednesse or shew signes of punishment at hand because parents sometimes lye and joine themselves together without law and measure or luxuriously and beastly or at such times as they ought to forbeare by the command of God and the Church such monstrous horrid and unnaturall births doe happen At Verona Anno Dom. 1254. a mare foaled a colt with the perfect face of a man but all the rest of the body like an horse a little after that the warre betweene the Florentines and Pisans began by which all Italy was in a combustion The figure of a Colt with a mans face About the time that Pope Julius the second raised up all Italy and the greatest part of Christendome against Lewis the twelfth the King of France in the yeere of our Lord 1512. in which yeere upon Easter day neere Ravenna was fought that mortall battell in which the Popes forces were overthrowne a monster was borne in Ravenna having a horne upon the crowne of his head and besides two wings and one foot alone most like to the feet of birds of prey and in the knee thereof an eye the privities of male and female the rest of the body like a man as you may see by the following figure The figure of awinged Monster The third cause is an abundance of seed overflowing matter The fourth the same in too little quantity and deficient The fift the force and efficacy of imagination The sixt the straightnesse of the wombe The seaventh the disorderly site of the party with childe and the position of the parts of the body The eighth a fall straine or stroake especially upon the belly of a woman with child The ninth hereditary diseases or affects by any other accident The tenth the confusion and mingling together of the seed The eleventh the craft and wickednesse of the divell There are some others which are accounted for monsters because they have their originall or essence full of admiration or doe assume a certaine prodigious forme by the craft of some begging companions therefore we will speak briefly of them in their place in this our treatise of monsters CHAP. II. Of monsters caused by too great abundance of seed SEeing wee have already handled the two former and truely finall causes of monsters we must now come to those which are the matereall corporeall and efficient causes taking our beginning from that we call the too great abundance of the matter of seed It is the opinion of those Philosophers which have written of monsters that if at any time a creature bearing one at once as man shall cast forth more seed in copulation than is necessary to the generation of one body it cannot be that onely one should bee begot of all that therefore from thence either two or more must arise whereby it commeth to passe that these are rather judged wonders because they happen seldome and contrary to common custome Superfluous parts

the blisters are raised they must be annointed againe that so the water may by little and little flow so long untill all the humor be exhausted and the patient restored to health Galen writes the Husbandmen in Asia when they carried wheat out of the country into the city in Carrs when they will steale away and not be taken hidde some stone juggs fild with water in the middest of the wheat for that will draw the moisture through the juggs into it selfe and increase both the quantitie and weight When certaine pragmaticall Physitions had read this they thought that wheat had force to draw out the water so that if any sicke of the Dropsie should be buried in a heape of wheat it would draw out all the water But if the Physition shall profit nothing by these meanes he must come to the exquisitely chiefe remedy that is to Paracentesis Of which because the opinions of the ancient Physitions have beene divers we will produce and explaine them Those therefore which disallow Paracentesis conclude it dangerous for three reasons The first is because by powring out the contained water together with it you dissipate and resolve the spirits and consequently the naturall vitall and animall faculties another opinion is because the Liver wanting the water by which formerly it was borne up thence forward hanging downe by its weight depresseth and draweth downewards the Midriffe and the whole Chest whence a drie cough and a difficulty of breathing proceede The third is because the substance of the Peritonaeum as that which is nervous cannot be pricked or cut without danger neither can that which is pricked or cut be easily agglutinated and united by reason of the spermatique and bloudlesse nature thereof Erasistratus moved by these reasons condemned Paracentesis as deadly also he perswaded that it was unprofitable for these following reasons viz. because the water powred forth doth not take away with it the cause of the Dropsie and the distemper and hardnesse of the Liver and of the other bowels whereby it comes to passe that by breeding new waters they may easily againe fall into the Dropsie And then the feaver thirst the hot and drie distemper of the bowels all which were mitigated by the touch of the included water are aggravated by the absence thereof being powred forth which thing seemeth to have moved Avicen and Gordonius that he said none the other said very few lived after the Paracentesis but the refutation of all such reasons is very easie For for the first Galen inferres that harmefull dissipation of spirits and resolving the faculties happens when the Paracentesis is not diligently and artificially performed As in which the water is presently powred forth truly if that reason have any validity Phlebotomy must seeme to be removed farre from the number of wholesome remedies as whereby the bloud is powred forth which hath farre more pure and subtile spirits than those which are said to be diffused and mixed with the Dropsie-waters But that danger which the second reason threatens shall easily be avoided the patient being desired to lie upon his backe in his bed for so the Liver will not hang downe But for the third reason the feare of pricking the Peritonaeum is childish for those evils which follow upon wounds of the nervous parts happen by reason of the exquisite sence of the part which in the Peritonaeum ill affected and altered by the contained water is either none or very small But reason and experience teach many nervous parts also the very membranes themselves being farre removed from a fleshie substance being wounded admit cure certainely much more the Peritonaeum as that which adheres so straitly to the muscles of the Abdomen that the dissector cannot separate it from the flesh but with much labour But the reason which seemes to argue the unprofitablenesse of the Paracentesis is refelled by the authority of Celsus I saith he am nor ignorant that Erasistratus did not like Paracentesis for he throught the Dropsie to be a disease of the Liver and so that it must be cured and that the water was in vaine let forth which the Liver being vitiated might grow againe But first this is not the fault of this bowell alone and then although the water had his originall from the Liver yet unlesse the water which staieth there contrary to nature being evacuated it hurteth both the Liver and the rest of the inner parts whilest it either encreaseth their hardnesse or at the least keepeth it hard and yet notwithstanding it is fit the body be cured And although the once letting forth of the humor profit nothing yet it make way for medicines which while it was there contained it hindered But this serous salt and corrupt humor is so farre from being able to mitigate a Feaver and thirst that on the contrary it encreaseth them And also it augmenteth the cold distemper whilest by its abundance it overwhelmes and extinguisheth the native heate But the authority of Caelius Aurelianus that most noble Phisition though a Methodicke may satisfie Avicen and Gordonius They saith he which dare avouch that all such as have the water let out by opening their belly have died doe lie for we have seene many recover by this kind of remedy but if any died it happened either by the default of the slow or negligent administration of the Paracentesis I will adde this one thing which may take away all error of controversies we unwisely doubt of the remedy when the patient is brought to that necessity that we can onely helpe him by that meanes Now must we shew how the belly ought to be opened If the Dropsie happen by fault of the Liver the section must be made on the left side but if of the Splene in the right for if the patient should lie upon the side which is opened the paine of the wound would continually trouble him and the water running into that part where the section is would continually droppe whence would follow a dissolution of the faculties The Section must be made three fingers bredth below the Navell to wit at the side of the right muscle but not upon that which they call the Linea Alba neither upon the nervous parts of the rest of the muscles of the Epigastrium that so we may prevent paine and difficulty of healing Therefore wee must have a care that the patient lie upon his right side if the incision be made in the left or on the left if on the right Then the Chirurgion both with his owne hand as also with the hand of his servant assisting him must take up the skinne of the belly with the fleshie pannicle lying under it and separate them from the rest then let him divide them so separated with a Section even to the flesh lying under them which being done let him force as much as hee can the devided skinne upwards towards the stomacke that when the wound which