Selected quad for the lemma: rest_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
rest_n	circle_n	contain_v	zone_n	17	3	13.9867	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A60283	The principles of astronomy and navigation, or, A clear, short, yet full explanation of all circles of the celestial and terrestrial globes and of their uses : being the whole doctrine of the sphere and hypotheses to the phenomena of the primum mobile : to which is added a discovery of the secrets of nature which are found in the mercurial-weather-glass &c. : as also a new proposal for buoying of a ship of any burden from the bottom of the sea / by George Sinclair.	Sinclair, George, d. 1696.; Sinclair, George, d. 1696. Proteus bound with chains, or, A discovery of the secrets of nature which are found in the mercurial-weather-glass.	1688 (1688)	Wing S3857; ESTC R26242	48,104	164

Equinoctial Points by its mutual Section with the Ecliptick in which Points when the Sun is existing there is an Universal Equinox over the whole Earth 2. It is divides the Ecliptick into two halfs the one called the North part the other the South part 3. It distinguishes the Signs in which when the Sun is existing the Days are longer than the Nights from those Signs in which when the Sun is existing the Nights are longer than the Days The proper Uses of the Solstice Colure are 1. It demonstrats to us the two Solstice Points in which when the Sun is existing he is either nearest to our Zenith or furthest removed from it 2. Upon this Colure we reckon the Suns greatest Declination or the greatest Obliquity of the Ecliptick which is found to be this day twenty three Degrees and thirty Minuts 3. It divides the Zodiack into two halfs the one called Ascending the other Descending 4. It distinguisheth the Signs in which when the Sun is existing the Days become longer and the Nights become shorter from those Signs in which when the Sun is existing the Nights become longer and the Days become shorter 5. In this Circle are the two Poles of the Ecliptick as many Degrees distant from the Poles of the World as the greatest obliquity of the Ecliptick contains 6. Upon this Colure the Latitudes of the Zones are determined For between the Tropicks is contained the breadth of the Torrid Zone between the Tropicks and the nearest Polar Circles are contained the two Temperate Zones and the other two remaining Arches of this Circle contain the breadth of the two Frigid or Cold Zones CHAP. V. Of the Horizon THe Horizon is one of the greatest Circles of the Sphere Immovable and equally distant from the Vertical Point It is called Immovable that it may be differenced from the rest of the Movable Circles but especially First From their Equinoctial who live under the Poles Secondly From their Ecliptick whose Zenith is placed in the Polar Circles for their Ecliptick every day is twice united with their Horizon but without delay Thirdly From their Circles of Declination or their Colures who live under the Line for there the forementioned Circles and the Horizon are twice by every Revolution of the Sphere united but the Circles of Declination follow the Motion of the Primum Mobile but the Horizon stands Immovable The Horizon is said indeed to be Immovable but not Unchangable for there are as many Horizons as there are Vertical Points and while we change our Vertical Point of necessity we change our Horizon also Two ways is the Horizon divided First In relation to the Equinoctial which is called a Right Horizon an Oblique Horizon and a Parallel Horizon The Right Horizon is so called because it cuts the Equinoctial at Right Angles It is called Oblique because it cuts the Equinoctial at Oblique Angles And it is called a Parallel Horizon when it lies Parallel to the Plain of the Equinoctial or rather when it is united with the Equinoctial And according to this Relation it hath to the Equinoctial the Sphere it self hath obtained the same Division Secondly The Horizon is either Rational or Sensible The Rational Horizon is defi●…ed above and is understood to divide the whole World or Sphere of the World into two equal parts the first whereof is called the uppermost Hemisphere the second the nethermost Hemisphere It is called Rational because tho we cannot see the whole World or the exact half of it yet Reason tell us by the Rising and Setting of the Sun Moon and Stars that the inferior part of the World is equal to the superior part The Sensible Horizon is nothing else but so much of the Earth as a man by turning his eye once doth behold round about him The Uses of the Horizon are these First it divides that part of the Heavens which is seen from the other which is not seen the Superior part from the Inferior part 2. Thorow the Poles of the Horizon the Meridian ought to pass therefore the Description of the Meridians depend from the Horizon 3. By the Situation of the Horizon we know whether it be a Right Sphere Oblique Sphere or a Parallel Sphere 4. In the Horizon the Rising or Setting of the Stars are observed 5. The Horizon sheweth what Degree of the Ecliptick what part also of the Equinoctial or what Degree with any given point of the Heaven riseth or setteth 6. It boundeth and terminats the Ascensional Difference 7. Upon the Horizon is numbred the Rising or Setting Amplitude of any point in the Heaven 8. It demonstrats and sheweth the Cause and Reason of the equality of Days and Nights in a Right Sphere and of the unequality of the same in an Oblique Sphere For the Horizon in a Right Sphere cutteth all the Circles of the Natural Day equally but unequally in an Oblique Sphere 9. From the Horizon we number the Morning-Twilight for when the Sun ●…s distant in some Vertical Circle 18 or 19 Degreees from the Horizon so that ●…rom that Moment he approach nearer ●…nd nearer unto it then begins the Morning-Twilight But the Evening-Twilight ends when the Sun after his Set●…ing comes to that 18 or 19 Degree ●…oresaid for then doth the Light turn ●…nto Darkness 10. From the Horizon we number the Elevation of the Pole ●…nd Equinoctial 11. From the Hori●…on are numbred various and divers ●…inds of Hours as the Italick and Iewish Nocturnal Hours from the West part of the Horizon but the Babylonish Hours ●…nd the Iewish unequal Diurnal Hours ●…rom the East part CHAP. VI. Of the Meridian THe Meridian is one of the greatest Circles in the Sphere passing thorow the Poles of the World and the Poles of the Horizon By the words thorow the Poles of the Horizon it is distinguished from the Horary Circles of which none but it self passes thorow the Poles of the Horizon It has acquired divers and sundry Names by reason of its manifold uses by Astrologers which are not fit to repeat now What was said above concerning the Colures and Circles of Declination to wit that they are in number equal to the Vertical Points the same may be said of the Meridian for as many of them may be imagined as there are Vertical Points which are infinite providing a man travel from East to West for if a man go from North to South or from South to North he travels round about the World without variation of his Meridian The Brasen Meridian in the Celestial or Terrestrial Globe supplyes the office of them all which are innumerable But in Geographical Tables and Mapps Geographers use to extend one Meridian thorow two and two opposite Degrees of the Equinoctial for finding out the more easily the Latitudes of Places Of all these Meridians there is a common beginning se●…led in the Fortunate or Canary Islands because the Antient Geographers deemed those Islands to be the Westmost part of the World and therefore they

THE PRINCIPLES OF Astronomy and Navigation OR A Clear Short yet Full Explanation of all Circles of the Celestial and Terrestrial Globes and of their Uses being the whole Doctrine of the Sphere and Hypotheses to the Phenomena of the Primum Mobile To which is Added A Discovery of the Secrets of Nature which are found in the Mercurial-Weather-Glass c. AS ALSO A New Proposal for Buoying up a Ship of any Burden from the Bottom of the Sea. By GEORGE SINCLAR sometime Professor of Philosophy in the Colledge of GLASGOW Edinburgh Printed by the Heir of Andrew Anderson Printer to His most Sccred Majesty Anno d 〈…〉 Academiae Cantabrigiensis Liber To the Right Honourable MAGNUS PRINCE Lord Provost Alexander Brand Alexander Simpson Iohn Morray and William Montgomery Baillies Iames Nicolson Dean of Gild Edward Marjorebanks Thesaurer and remanent Members of the Honourable Senate of the Antient City of Edinburgh May it please your Lordship and the Honourable Senate IT is neither Ambition nor Ignorance of your Worth and Merit which have inclin'd me to prefix your Names to the Frontispiece of this mean Pamphlet but the sure experience I have of your encouraging all vertuous Actions and Learning What I have now in Equity and Reason presented I humbly desire the Honourable Senate may accept favourably I owe all I have and my Self too to your Devotion and Service I chuse rather to be doing somewhat Amiss than doing Nothing 'T is the Widows Mite which I have shelter'd under the Wings of your Protection If I should endeavour but to recapitulat what Sentiments of your Kindness I have found both Time and my Memory would fail me None can think that there is any Deserving in me which can be proportionable to those unvaluable Acts of your Bounty If there be any I am confident it is too too scanty to Oblige When I was able to do more none were found more willing I endeavoured indeed according to my Capacity to contribute my Assistance for promoving that great and noble Design which was accomplish'd for which the Generations to come shall call you Happy whom you have Enriched with Refreshing-Streams of Cooling-Waters more Advantagious and Useful to the City than the Fruit of the Vine I cannot satisfie all the Obligations to Duty which ly upon me The more I was inclin'd to offer this Trifle the more I was overcome with Reasons perswading to the contrary But the uprightness of my Intention to beautify this trivial Subject with the Splendor and Glory of your Names will excuse the faillings of my Understanding I cannot remunerat the Kindness of the Honourable Senate better than by Hearty Prayer that the LORD may give you the Spirit of Wisdom and Government to Manage the Weighty Affairs of the City and His Conduct not only to Guide each one of you in his particular Calling but all of you to the endless Fruition of Immortal Life This I fervently wish while I am Your Lordships and the Councils much Obliged Servant GEORGE SINCLAR TO THE READER I Iudge it altogether needless to Preface any thing by way of Commendation to the following Tracts They will I hope commend themselves to the intelligent Reader There is first The Doctrine of the Sphere so compendiously set down that nothing can either be Added or Subtracted It is the very Rudiments of Astronomy and Navigation and of many other Mathematical Sciences By the use of the Globes the whole Doctrine of the Sphere may be easily comprehended even by the meanest Capacity The second Tract is not so evident because more Physical and less Mathematical but perhaps as sure I have set down my own Thoughts only If any Man shall offer to salve the Phenomena better I shall be glad The third Tract is a new Invention for Buoying up of Ships from the Ground of the Sea. This Proposal was made some few Years ago to try the Invention and Wit of some Notional Men but though they have plowed with my Heifer yet were they not able to find out my Riddle Nay some of them were so confident to aver that when this Proposal was made to them How to make a Vessel Sail below the Water they Replyed it might be easily resolved by their Analyticks ERRATA IN the second Tract Page 28. line 13. for earthly read earthy pag. 33. lin ult for Idaea read Idea THE PRINCIPLES OF Astronomy and Navigation CHAP. I. Of the Circles of the Sphere in general THE material Sphere is an Instrument whereby all the Phenomena of the Primum Mobile are most easily known It is composed of Ten Circles chiefly which are the Equinoctial the Zodiack the two Colures the Horizon the Meridian the two Tropicks and the two Polars Those Circles are three manner of ways distinguished among themselves First Some of them are called Circuli Maximi the Greatest Circles others are called Circuli Minores the lesser Circles The Greatest are the Equinoctial the Zodiak the two Colures the Horizon and the Meridian because there cannot be greater Circles in the Sphere than they are The lesser Circles are the two Tropicks and the two Polars They are so called because there are found in the Sphere greater ones Secondly The Circles of the Material Sphere while the Primum Mobile is turning about are either Parallel one to another Right or Oblique that is to ly crosly The Parallel Circles are the two Polars the two Tropicks and the Equinoctial which ly middle between them together with their Equinoctial who live under the Poles The Oblique Circles are the Zodiack and the Oblique Horizon For this cutteth the Equinoctial at Oblique Angles the other by reason of its Situation doth the same to the rest of the Circles The Circles called Right Circles are the two Colures the Meridian and the Right Horizon because they cut the Equinoctial at Right Angles Thirdly The Circles of the Sphere are either Moveable or Immoveable The Moveable Circles are these which are turned about with the Sphere being eight in number to wit the Equinoctial the Zodiack the Equinoctial Colure the Solstice Colure the Tropick of Cancer the Tropick of Capricorn the Polar Artick and the Polar Antartick The Circles Immoveable are the Meridian and the Horizon so called because while the Sphere is carried about they stand stedfast and unmoveable CHAP. II. Of the Equinoctial THe Equinoctial is one of the greatest Circles of the Sphere Moveable and equally distant from the Poles of the World. It is called one of the greatest that it may be distinguished from the lesser as well from those which are fixed in the Sphere as from others which we must imagine to be in it It is called Movable that it may be distinguished from the Horizon of those who live under the Poles which coinciding with the Equinoctial must differ from it in this that the one is Movable the other Immovable Lastly by reason of the third difference equally distant from the Poles of the Sphere it is distinguished from