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A26157 The grand charter of Christian feasts, with the right way of keeping them in a sermon preach'd at a meeting of several of the natives and inhabitants of the county of Buckingham, in the Church of St. Mary Le-Bow, Nov. 30, 1685 / by Lewis Atterbury ... Atterbury, Lewis, d. 1693. 1686 (1686) Wing A4156; ESTC R8396 17,372 36

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THE GRAND CHARTER OF Christian Feasts WITH THE Right Way of keeping them IN A SERMON PREACH'D AT A Meeting of several of the Natives and Inhabitants of the County OF BUCKINGHAM In the Church of St. Mary Le-Bow Nov. 30. 1685. By Lewis Atterbury D. D. Rector of Milton in the said County LONDON Printed for Christopher Wilkinson at the Black-Boy over against St. Dunstans Church 1686. IMPRIMATUR Z. Isham R.P.D. Henr. Episc Lond. a Sacris 1686. TO MY HONOURED FRIENDS The honble Jam. Herbert William Andrews Esq John Backwell Esq Owen Norton Esq Roger Price Esq Thomas Atterbury Esq Mr. John Saunders Mr. Edward Carter Mr. Thomas Woodcock Mr. Benjamin Parrot STEWARDS of the Buckingham-shire Feast Worthy Sirs THE particular respects I have for each of You personally as well as my due regard to those unanimous desires by which I was summon'd to Your Service entitle You solely to the following Sermon which was preach'd at Your joint instance and is now publish'd for Your satisfaction Promoting Charity and mutual Society is a Design beyond exception and the proper Expedient to heal and compose our present Animosities and Divisions That your Generous Endeavours may be successful and the commendable Example You have given effectually followed is the constant desire and daily prayer of GENTLEMEN Your very humble Servant Lewis Atterbury 1 COR. V. 8. Let us therefore keep the Feast not with the old Leaven neither with the Leaven of malice and wickedness but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and Truth THE Jews formerly Gods only People who had the custody of his Sacred Oracles Rom. 3.2 a Priviledge peculiar to them He shewed his words unto Jacob his statutes and his judgments unto Israel He hath not dealt so with any Nation and for his judgments they have not known them Psal 147.19 20. These had their solemn Feasts on several occasions and most of them appointed by God himself Three times in the year every Male was by Gods especial Command to appear before him at Jerusalem and none to come empty handed viz. at 1. The Feast of unleavened Bread or the Passeover at the beginning of Harvest on the 14th of the month Nisan or Abib answering to part of our March and April This 14th was called τὸ πάσχα the 15th ἑορτὴ τοῦ πάσχα and the 16th δευτέρα τοῦ πάσχα as Levit. 23.11 where what is rendred the morrow after the Sabbath is to be understood the morrow after the Passeover For in those Feasts which consisted of many days the first and last were term'd Sabbaths On this δευτέρα the beginning of their Harvest was offered a sheaf of the first-fruits to sanctifie all the after-fruits thoroughout the Land Levit. 23.10 and until this was offered they were neither to eat nor reap the Corn. 2. The Feast of Weeks at the end of Harvest called Pentecost because the fiftieth day after the second of the Passeover which fifty days were the time of their Harvest on this Pentecost were offered two Wave-Loaves Levit. 23.17 not only as an Eucharistical oblation but in token of the Harvest finished 3. The Feast of Tabernacles kept seven days from the 15th of the month Tisri to the 21st Deut. 16.13 15. and Levit. 23.34 which time they dwelt in Tabernacles made of Boughs after the manner of Arbours Plutarch says principally of Ivy but we find mention in the Bible of four distinct kinds Levit. 23.40 thought to be the Citrine the Palm the Myrtle and the Willow And this in memory of their Forefathers dwelling in Tents and Tabernacles as is clear from Levit. 23.43 which is properly rendred Booths not as the Caldee Paraphrase the shadow of a Cloud in memory of the protection of the Israelites by a Cloud in the Wilderness or as others to thank God for their Vintage gathered in at that time of the year The Sacrifices offered were seventy young Bullocks every day alike only differing in the number thirteen the first twelve the second eleven the third and so forwards according to the Languages of the seventy Nations setting forth their coming in all under the Government of the Messias the hope and expectation of the Gentiles God required also The New-Moons the Expiation the Sabbatical year and the Jubilee 1. The Feast of the New-Moons the First day of the seventh month Tisri Levit. 23.24 The seventh month according to their Sacred but the first according to their civil accompt and may be term'd their New-years day In this as in all the New Moons 1. They repaired to the Prophets 2 Kings 4.22 2. They neither bought nor sold Amos 8.4 3. They had especial Sacrifices viz. two Bullocks a Ram and seven Lambs and one Kid of the Goats besides the daily Sacrifice Numb 28.11.15 But 1. In this besides all the aforesaid Sacrifices there was offered moreover one Bullock one Ram seven Lambs and a Goat Numb 29.1 6. 2. They likewise blowed with Trumpets Psal 81.3 some think in memory of Isaac's delivery by a Ram. Or 2 As St. Basil to mind them of the delivery of the Law for the Trumpets made of Rams Horns Josh 6.4 Or 3. As others of the Day of Judgment which shall be with the Sound of a Trumpet Matt. 24.31 2. The Feast of Expiation commanded Levit. 23.27 Chap. 16.30 Numb 29.7 to be the tenth day of the month Tisri our September when sailing dangerous Acts 27.9 On this the Priest confessed to God his own and the Peoples sins and disburthened them on the head of a Scape-goat in imitation of which the Grecians it 's said used to expiate their Cities by throwing down some condemn'd persons from the Precipices into the Sea offering them to Neptune with these words 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Be thou a reconciliation for us and sacrificing men in time of Pestilence which they call'd καθάρματα both which words the Apostle makes use of 1 Cor. 4.13 as Budeus observes with allusion to their Customs 3. As every seventh day was to be a constant Sabbath a Rest as the word Schabbath from whence our English word Sabbath comes signifies and is applied Synecdochically to the whole week Luke 18.12 and to all Festivals Ezek. 20.21 but usually taken for the seventh day of the week which God hath set apart for his service call'd if some other solemn Feast fell in with it Sabbathum magnum as John 19.36 an High-day the Feast of the Passeover happening on it that year So every seventh year was to be a Sabbatical year Levit. 25.8 9. The Sabbath-day signified that they themselves were the Lord's and therefore they ceased from their works to do God's and the year signified that both they and their Land were the Lord's for this year their Land was neither till'd nor manur'd Levit. 25.4 though the owner might gather for the maintenance of himself and family yet he was not to sow or hedge his field or lock up his Corn-yard but let all be common and then Creditors were to be discharged their debts whence it was