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Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A06964	The souldiers accidence. Or an introduction into military discipline containing the first principles and necessary knowledge meete for captaines, muster-masters, and all young souldiers of the infantrie, or foote bandes. Also, the cavallarie or formes of trayning of horse-troopes, as it hath beene received from the latest and best experiences armies. A worke fit for all noble, generous, and good spirits, that loue honor, or honorable action. G.M.	Markham, Gervase, 1568?-1637.	1625 (1625)	STC 17388; ESTC S102642	32,968	76

encounter the enemy with shall be faire Partizans of strong and short blades well guilt and adorned according to their owne pleasures For the Formes or manner of Trayning That forme is onely to be followed which shall be soonest and easiest learned and of most vse for all kind of service whatsoever and which I take to be this Forme following First you shall draw your Company into two Battalions or square Bodies the Pikes by themselues and the Shot by themselues which Bodies shall consist of Ranks and Files and you shall draw them forth by Files or tens man after man or if they be much disorderly and vncapable then draw them forth by halfe Files or fiues and when they are so placed by doubling those halfe Files you may bring them to whole Files which done then placing the Pikes in the midst wing them on either hand with your Shot wherein if you haue Ha●quebushes which are now out of vse with vs you shall then giue to your Musquetiers the prioritie of place that is they shall make the outmost Files both of the right and the left hand Now for a Ranke you shall vnderstand it is a Row of men placed Pouldron to Pouldron or Shoulder to Shoulder their faces being directed all one way And a File is a Sequence of men standing one behind another Backe to Belly extending from the first to the last man And it is taken from the French word la Fila signifying a Thridd because men stand long wise and straight like a thrid and the Files consist of single men downeward as the Ranks consist of single men ouerthwart Now these Files in some discipline are called Flankes because they doe flanker or wall in the Battalia and the Rankes are called Fronts because they stand formost and doe as it were affront the Battailes and looke vpon the Enemie but in truth none can properly be called the Front but the Ranke which standeth formost nor any File be called a ●lanke but those which stand outmost yet all are Ranks and all are Files and therefore those two names are without contradiction Now lastly you shall vnderstand that a Ranke may consist of as many men as you please according to the number of your Company But a File howeuer the Spaniards and Italians vse it in vncertaine depth ought neuer to be aboue ten persons deepe except it be in marching or in most especiall seruice where advantage of ground requireth the contrary The reason thereof being that the first man hauing done his dutie in discharging his piece may in the space that nine other men shall do their duties and discharge their pieces distinctly one after another be againe in readines make his first place good there to discharge his piece a-againe Besides it is the readiest and best way for the drawing of Grosses and great numbers into any forme that you please because according to this discipline euery hundred men make a full Square that is to say iustren euery way This done you shall deuide one hundred men into foure Corporall shipps or Squadrons and euery Squadron into as many Files as the number wil beare and euery File into Fellowships or Camera-does Th● Corporall of euery Squadron shall be the leader of the chiefest file of the Squadron and the Lanspresado who in the Corporalls absence as vpon a guard or otherwise doth all the Corporalls duties shall lead another file and the most sufficient Gentlemen of euery Squadron shal be the leaders of the rost Now for the especiall duties of these two Officers which is the Corporall and the Lanspresadoe you shall vnderstand that the Corporalls chiefest dutie is vpon guards at night after the Watch is set and the Sentinells placed● where so soone as the Sentinell shall call vpon any approach lie shall immediately goe with his Sword drawne or in especiall cases where the Enemy lodgeth neare with a guard of two at least being a Pike and a Shot vnto the Sentinell and making his Guard stand vpon their guard he shall place the point of his sword to the breast of him that is to giue the Word whether he be Rounder or other private passenger and so with his eare to his mouth very closely receiueth● Word which if it be right he shall giue the partie passe if otherwise he shall take him prisoner and disarme him and either keepe him vpon his guard or els deliver him to his superior Officer But if any resistance shall be offered then it shall be lawfull for him to kill him Also the Corporall shall in the time of service fee that every Souldier in his Squadron haue his Armes neate cleane and handsome that they be not vnfurnished of Powder Match and Bullet and the Lanspresadoe as was before said shall in the absence of the Corporall doe all the Corporals duties and in the time of rest he shall call vpon his Squadron and see them dresse trimme and scoure their Armes and Weapons and teach them how best to doe the same And also he shall see them cast their Bullets if need require and to such as are ignorant teach them how to doe the same and shew them how to scoure their Pieces and oyle them and in time of necessitie or vpon Cloying how to vnbreetch them The Companie being thus devided In the Trayning foure principall things are to be taught 1. First the carriage and vse of Armes conteined in divers Postures or Stations expressing the formes of men in Armes 2. Secondly Distance or proportion of place in Files and Rankes 3. Thirdly March and Malion contained in words of most especiall directions 4. And fourthly all the sounds or beatings of the Drumme and ordinarie words of direction which are our Vocabula artis and how by the Drumme or the voice of a Commander to moue and obey the direction 1. The carriage of Armes must be comely and readiest for vse The vse of Pikes is either in receiving or giuing a Charge By being t●ught the first● the Souldier learnes to withstand Horse By the second to encounter with the enemies Pikes in which the vse of Armes is most in knowing when and how every man and so every Ranke should giue his push In teaching the vse of Shot the Souldier must first learne how to carry his Piece then how to present it and to take his levell and how and when to giue his volley with those in his Ranke All which shall be more plainly described when wee come to speake of Postures ● And this part of Instruction is the proper office of the Serieants of Companies for they should both teach the Shot the vse of their Armes and be their Leaders in Service if by an especiall commandement a superior Officer be not appointed In teaching to giue volleys the ancient and vulgar manner of discipline which is that the whole volley shall be given of all the Shot in one Battalia or Troop at one instant as well of them behind as before

Guydon 46 A●vancement of Captaines of Horse 46 The Formes of Trayning 47 The Imbattayling of Horsemen 47 The extent of a Fyle 47 The extent of a Ranke 48 The devision of a Horse-Troope 48 Fiue things to be taught 48 Manage of the Horse 49 Words of Command 49 The performance 49 The words and the performance 50.51.52 Carriage and vse of Armes 53 The Postures of the Pistoll 53 Postures Standing 53 Postures Charging or Marching 53 Postures Discharging 54 Postures in Skirmish 54 The best way to Teach 55 Of distance of place 55 Of Motion 55 Of Marches 56 Words of especiall direction 56 The manner of Opening or Closing Rankes or Fyles 57 Of doubling Rankes or Fyles 57 Of doubling the Front divers wayes 57 The turning of Faces 58 Of Countermarching or Wheeling 58 Observations in Countermarching 58 Observations in Wheeling 59 Observations in doubling the Front 59 Of the Trumpet 60 The first poynt of Warre and its vse 60 The second poynt of Warre and its vse 60 The third and its vse 61 The fourth and its vse 61 The fifth and its vse 61 The sixt and its vse 61 Speciall Notes 62 The chiefe Officers in an Horse Armie● 62 Wherein the Iustice consisteth 62 The places of great Officers 62 The Composition of Regiments 63 Whence directions are received 63 The end of the second Table ERRATA PAge 14. line 28. for before reade betweene p. 18. l. 24. for Formes r. Forme p. 31. l. 30. for lenitie r. leuitie p. 32. l. 11. for not r. at p. 33. l. 18. for yea r. yet p. 41. l. 28. for Rooes reade Races THE SOVLDIERS ACCIDENCE THe Captaines of the men to be Trained for the Warres whether they be Muster-Masters or other private Commanders haue two things to be referred vnto them that is sorting of Armes and the Formes or true Manners of Trayning For the Sorting of Armes it is a good preportion to haue a Companie equally compounded of Armed men and Shot the Armed men to be all Pikes except the Officers The Shot to be at least halfe Musquets the other halfe Harquebushes but if the Shot could be two parts Musquets it were better but if all Musquets then best of all Also care is to be had what men are put to every finde of Armes the strong tall and best persons to be P●kes the squarest and broadest will be fit to carry Musquets and the least and nimblest may if necessitie compell be turned to the Harquebush But aboue all other respects it is to be considered to what Armes every man doth best frame himselfe for which cause it is not amisse that the Captaine see the same men to vse severall Armes before he doe appoint them certainly to carry any one Next he shall see that every man be well and sufficiently Armed with good and allowable Armes That is to say all his Pikemen shall haue good Spanish Morians or els Steele Caps for their heads well lined with quilted Caps Curaces for their bodies of nimble and good ●ould being at the least high pike proo●e● large and well ●ompa●t Gordgets for their Neckes Fayre and close ioyned Taces to arme to the mid-thigh as for the Pouldron or the Vant●●●●e they may be spared because they are but 〈…〉 All this Armour is to be rather of Russet Sang●ine or Blacke colour● then White or Milld for it will keepe the longer from rust They shall haue strong straight yet nimble Pikes of Ash-wood well headed with Steele and armed with plates downward from the head at least foure foote and the full size or length of every Pike shall be fifte one foote beside the head These Pikemen shall also haue good sharpe and broad Swords of which the Turkie or Bilboe are best strong Scabards chapt with Iron Girdle Hangers or Bautricke of strong Leather and lastly if to the Pikemans Headpeece be fastned a small ring of Iron and to the right side of his Backpeece below his Girdle an Iron hooke to hang his Steele-cap vpon it will be a great ease to the Souldier and a nimble carriage in the time of long Marches All his Musquetiers shall be armed in good Spanish Marians vpon their Heads About their bodies Bautrickwise from the left shoulder vnder the right arme they shall carry Bandiliers of broad Leather hauing made fast● vnto them at least twelue or thirteene charges of wood or horne well covered with Leather and hanging by large long strings that with ease they may be brought to the mouth of the Peece And these Charges must containe Powder according to the bore and bignesse of the Piece by due measure They shall also haue Swords Girdles Hangers or Bautrickes and Bullet bags in which they shall carrie their Moulds Bullets Wormes Screwes Rammer and Pryming Iron Also they shall haue good and sufficient Musquets of true size and bore with cleane Barrels and straight scowring stickes headed at the one end with Rammers of horne sutable to the bore of the Piece and at the other with boxes of iron in which to screw their Wormes iron Rammers and the like The Cockes and Trickers of the Piece for Seares are not good shall be nimble to goe and come and the Stocks shall be straight of very sound wood Lastly for their right hands they shall haue Rests of Ash wood or other tough wood with iron Pikes in the neather end and halfe hoopes of Iron aboue to rest the Musquet on and double strong stringes fastned neare therevnto to hang about the arme of the Souldier when at any time he shall haue occasion to traile the same And the length of these Rests shall be sutable to the stature of the man bearing his Piece so as he may discharge it without stooping The Harquebushes shall be armed like the Musquets The Rest onely excepted and the quantitie of the Piece and the Charges duely considered Your Halberdier shall be armed in all points like your Pike onely in stead of the Pike he shall carry a faire Halberd that is strong sharpe and well armed with plates of iron from the Blade at least two foot downward vpon the Staffe and fringed or adorned according to pleasure And these Halberds doe properly belong vnto the Serieants of Companies who by reason of their much imployment are excused from Armes Otherwise in the day of Battaile or in the Battaile they are for guard of the Ensigne or matter of execution and then to be armed as is aforesaid The Ensigne or Bearer of the Captaines colours shall be armed at all pieces to the mid thigh as as Head-peece Gorget Curaces Pouldrons Vantbranes and Taces with a faire Sword by his side and his Captaines Colours or Ensigne in his hand The Lieutenants of Companies shall be armed like the Ensigne-bearer and his weapon shall be a faire guilt Partizan The Captaines shall be armed as the Lieutenants onely as much richer as they please and their weapons to lead with shall be Feather staues But their weapons to serue or

in ordinary Trayning or daily exercising of the Souldiers are these following First there are fiue to be performed standing That is to say Put on your Armes Prepare your Skirmish Rest your Musquet Your Sentinell Posture Your Saluting Posture The Postures which are to be performed in Marching are these Shoulder your Musquet and carry your Rest in the right hand Levell your Musquet Sloape your Musquet The Postures which are to be performed in Charging are these Cleare your Pann Prime your Pann Shut your Pann Cast off your loose Cornes Blow your Pann Cast about your Musquet with both your hands and trayle your Rest. Open your Charges Charge your Musquet with Powder Draw out your Scowring sticke Shorten your sticke Ramme in your powder Draw out your sticke Charge with Bullet Ramme in your Bullet Draw out your sticke Shorten your sticke and put it vp Bring your Musquet forward with your left hand Hold it vp with your right hand and recover your Rest. The Postures which are to be performed in Discharging are these Carrie your Rest in your left hand preparing to giue fire Sloape your Musquet and let the Rest sinke In the right hand poyze your Musquet In the left hand carrie the Musquet with the Rest. In the right hand take your Match betweene the second finger and the thumbe Hold the Match fast and blow it Cocke your Match Trie your Match Guard the Pann and blow your Ma●ch Open your Pann Present your Musquet Giue fire Dismount your Musquet and carrie it with the Rest. Vncocke your Match and put it vp betweene your fingers Now touching the Postures of the Hargobus I hold it needlesse here to insist or stand vpon them since they are all one with the Musquet the Rest onely excepted and whosoeuer is a good Musquetier cannot chuse but be a good Hargeletier And therefore I referre it to mo●s particular practise And to make a Connexion of all that is before sayd I would wish euery industrious Teacher first to respect his men then their Armes and to sort and place each man according to his worth and cunning not his wealth or birth Then for his lessons first to bring him to an exquisite readinesse in the Postures and true manage of weapons Next to make him know all the Sounds or Beatings of the Dr●mme Thirdly the ●rue distance of places and orderly proportions Fourthly the execution thereof in all manner of Marches and Motions And lastly a generall performance of all that hath beene spoken in the practise of Skirmishes and alteration of Battalions So shall men become readie and not confused as many are by silken and simple Tutors who striue to teach many things together but nothing in order Now for as much as dignitie of places is a most needfull Knowledge for every Commander both for the adornment of the Band and the incouragement of the well deserving Souldier I will shew you here a Table containing the honor and dignitie of places● as they haue beene observed by the most auncient Masters of Martiall discipline The Vse NOw for the Vse of this Table you shall vnderstand that the figure 1. which standeth on the right hand is the Leader of the right hand Fyle and so the first and chiefest man in the Battalia and that whole Ranke in which it standeth is the Front so called because the faces of the whole Companie are directed one way and also every man in that Ranke is called the Leader or Captaine of the Fyle he leadeth The figure 2. which leadeth the left hand Fyle is the second man And the figure 3. which is in the Reare because there the backes are turned is the third man and the whole Ranke in which it standeth is called the Reare or the Bringers vp Then the figure 4. is the fourth man so forth according to the number of the figures are the dignities of the places Now here is also to be noted in this Table that the figure 17. standing in the Front is the Leader of the middle fyle to the left Flanke and the figure 18. Leader of the middle fyle to the right Flanke and so are called Leaders of the mayne devision The fifth Ranke from the Front downeward towards the Reare are called Middlemen to the reare and the sixt Rank are called Middlemen to the front or the Leaders of halfe fyles Lastly whensoever this Bodie or any other whatsoever which containeth but ten persons in fyle shall be devided in the midst betweene the Middle-men then the last fiue Rankes to the Reareward are called by the name of Subdevision And whensoever the Reare shall double the Front then are the Reare called Bringers vp because they bring vp their halfe Fyles by Sequence These Rules knit vnto memorie and practised with care and diligence will make any Souldier perfect in the first sixe parts of Martiall discipline as Election of men Sorting of Armes March or Motion Distance Posture and lastly the beatings of the Drumme Now to these I will adde a little touch or Essay touching the Carriage Election and Composition of Captaines colours or Ensignes which is the honorable Badge or Marke of every Captaine and in which both of late here at home and also formerly in forraine Nations I haue seene as grosse absurdities as any malice would wish to see in the folly of his Enemy which doubtlesse must proceed from ignorance since no Master of Reason would be guiltie of his owne iniurie You shall therefore vnderstand that all Colours belonging vnto private Captaines ought to be mixt equally of two severall Colours that is to say according to the rule in Herauldry of Colour and Mettall and not Colour on Colour as Greene and Red or Blew and Blacke or such like nor yet Mettall on Mettall as White and Yellow or Orrengtawnie and White for Colours so borne shew Bastardie Pesantrie or dishonor Now in the Corner which is next to the vpper poynt of the staffe he shall car●ie in a faire large square or Canton containing a sixt part of the Colours a plaine red Crosse in a white Field which is the Ensigne of our Kingdome of England If the Colours doe belong to a Colonell they shall then be all of one entire Colour or one Mettall onely the red Crosse or Ensigne of the Kingdome shall be in his due place as aforesaid If they belong to a Colonell generall to the Lord Marshall of the Field or any such Superior Officer then they shall be all of one entire Colour or Mettall and the red Crosse or Ensigne of the Kingdome shall be in a verie little square or Canton as in a twelft part of the Field or lesse if it please them But if they belong to the Generall of the Field then they shall be of one entire Colour or Mettall without any red Crosse at all as was before sayd Thus much touching the generall Composition and Carriage of Colours Now