Selected quad for the lemma: religion_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
religion_n	language_n	soil_n	university_n	12,888	5	13.5489	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A51007	A new voyage to Italy with a description of the chief towns, churches, tombs, libraries, palaces, statues, and antiquities of that country : together with useful instructions for those who shall travel thither / by Maximilian Mission ; done into English and adorned with figures.; Nouveau voyage d'Italie. English	Misson, Maximilien, 1650?-1722.	1695 (1695)	Wing M2253; ESTC R28829	405,658	759

for ten but the greatest concourse of Strangers at Rome is in the time of Lent and at Easter which enhances the price of many Conveniencies They who are at Rome in Lent may easily obtain a permission to eat Flesh and even the Inn-keepers on the Roads will accommodate you with it but you must not ask it too openly lest you expose 'em to Censure I have seen some Passengers quickly satisfie the Scruples of their Landlords by threatening to go to another Lodging But generally the lean days deserve that name with a witness almost every where in Italy and 't is hardly possible for a Stranger to accustom himself to those Severities A Traveller who intends not to stay above two or three months at Rome should immediately after his arrival agree with a skilful Antiquary and fix certain times to visit with him the principal Rarities of that famous City for tho' several Authors have attempted to describe 'em a curious and inquisitive Person who examines things upon the spot and with his own Eyes will always be able to make some new Observations and therefore without consulting Books unless as Helps and Guides he ought to take a particular view of every thing that is remarkable and set down all that he sees in his Journal for it happens not unfrequently that a Traveller finds a very considerable difference between his own Observations and the Descriptions of others when he compares 'em together And to make his Industry the more successful he ought always to carry a Note book about him and every Evening to examin and transcribe the Observations of the Day nor will it be improper to use this method every where else as well as at Rome To ease my Memory and that I might be able on all occasions to gratifie my Curiosity by an exact enquiry into what was most remarkable in every City and Country thro' which we pass'd I drew up the following Catalogue which always furnish'd me with a sufficient number of useful Questions Climate Government Forces Arsenals Garrisons Fortifications Castles Citadels Largeness of Towns Religion Language Coins Trade Manufactures Riches Academies Vniversities Bishoprics Antiquities Monuments Libraries Cabinets of Rarities Learned Men. Skilful Artificers Painting Sculptures Architecture Palaces Houses of Pleasure Confines Prospects Passes Entries Bridges Rivers Woods Hills Towns and Villages Customs Fashions of Clothes Privileges Adventures Late Accidents Natural or artificial Rarities Soil Plants Fruits Animals c. D. Pietro Rosini was our Antiquary at Rome he is well acquainted with Medals and trades in ' em I think we gave him three Pistols a month 'T is convenient for a Traveller to view the Curiosities of Rome in the company of other Strangers for so his Pleasure is encreas'd by the converse of his Companions and many Eyes see better than one No man ought to undertake a Voyage without making Provision of several sorts of Measures Geographical Charts a Watch Prospective-Glasses a Mariner's Compass and Quadrant And as far as he is able he ought to take the dimensions of every thing in order to which he may easily carry along with him a Cane divided into several Measures And besides I took care to furnish my self with a piece of Packthread well twin'd and wax'd fifty fathom long and divided into feet by Knots by the help of which I could in a moment measure long Distances the heighth of Towers bigness of Pillars and what else I thought fit to observe A Roman Palm or Span and a half make just thirteen Inches English measure the Roman Foot is shorter by six lines than that of England Eight Roman Feet make a Roman Canne and a * Brass or Fathom of Milan makes 22 inches and a half English measure Brasse or Fathom of Florence is equal to two Roman Feet A Traveller finds so much Pleasure in consulting the Maps of the Countries thro' which he passes that he can hardly forbear wishing he had compleat Setts of all that are extant there are three things which ought to be observ'd on this occasion by those who design to travel first they ought not to content themselves with resolving to buy Maps in the Countries whither they intend to go but make sufficient provision of 'em before their departure and even take some of all Authors for we enquir'd for 'em in vain in several great Cities and it happens not unfrequently that the least esteem'd are upon tryal found to be the most exact Secondly their Maps ought to be pasted on Linnen or Canvas and roll'd up on Sticks And in the last place every judicious and curious Traveller ought to note down all the Errors he perceives in 'em and communicate his Observations to those who make 'em for if every ingenious Person would endeavour to promote so useful a Design in a little time we should have no reason to complain of the Uncorrectness of Maps The Prospective-Glasses ought to be of several sorts and adapted both to great and small Distances they are useful for those who are desirous to take a distinct view of Inscriptions Pictures Statues Ornaments of Architecture c. To return to Rome the Curious may furnish themselves with Prints of all its Antiquities and other remarkable things that are to be seen in and about the City of almost all which they may have compleat Setts for a hundred Pistols Not only in that City but every where else 't is convenient for a Traveller to make a Collection of such Prints which will be of use to refresh and rectifie his Ideas of the places he has seen and they who are most curious may carry a skilful Designer along with ' em I thought to have subjoin'd a Catalogue of about Three hundred of the finest Pictures we saw at Rome but I 'm inform'd there is an entire Collection of all those Pieces already communicated to the Public The Roman Calashes are very pretty and fit for taking the Air in a level Country but not at all convenient for travelling in the mean time since several persons are very fond of 'em I advise those who design to make use of 'em for a Journey to take care that they be bound more securely with Iron than usually they are to chuse such as are cover'd with Wax'd Cloth rather than with Leather which grows hard cracks and is too heavy and to place the Body of the Calash immediately upon the Shafts instead of hanging it for so it will be less apt to overturn But the best way is not to meddle with these Calashes which occasion so much trouble to those who use 'em for they must buy Horses and hire new Servants both which are subject to a thousand Accidents and so many different Cares spoil the pleasure of Travelling And even sometimes the Grooms prick the Horses Feet in shoeing 'em when Gentlemen travel on their own Horses to oblige 'em either to buy others or stay till their own are recover'd After all Money makes every thing easie and there is

Cyclades was abandoned by the Inhabitants because of Rats He adds That a City of Spain was overthrown by Rabbets One in Thessaly by Moles One in France by Frogs And another in Africk by Mice this Story is generally believed here though others look upon it as a Fable Some will lightly and hastily swallow any Prodigy and others may offend as much by too much incredulity If the Holy Scripture describes us a Pharaoh pestered with Lice and Frogs and an Herod devoured by Worms why should we hastily condemn the like event for a Fable More surprizing things have no doubt fallen out And I remember I have read two such Histories in the Fasciculus temporum The words of the Author are very like these Mures infiniti convenerant quemdam potenter circumvallantes cum in concivio nec potuerunt abigi donec devoraretur That is A multitude of Mice compassed him about strongly assaulting him in a Banquet nor could they be driven away till they had devoured him This happen'd about the Year 1074. He adds Idem cuidam Principi Poloniae contigit The same thing hapned to a certain * Poppiel II. Surnamed Sardanapalus he his Wife and Children were eaten by Rats Anno 823. Poppielus Principes Polonorum Patruos suos veneno per fraudem interimit eósque insepultos projicit sed ex cadaveribus mures enati sunt qui Poppielum ambos ejus filios una cum uxore devorant Chronicon de Pop. Garon places this event in the Year 830. And he adds That the Rats eat the name of Hatton which was in many places in the Tower of the Rhine The History of Hatton is related at large by Trithemius in his Chronicles and by Camerarius in his Meditations Calvisius reports that in 1013. a certain Soldier was eaten by Rats See 1 Sam. ch 6. ver 4 5. Prince of Poland From Bonn to Binghen three Leagues below Mentz the Rhine is almost always between the Mountains this Passage which it so happily met with seems to be a particular work of Providence You would fansie it to be a Canal made on purpose for this River cross a Country which naturally was inaccessible to it for fear that not being capable to continue its course it should swell and overflow the Provinces which now its Stream only waters At the foot of the Mountains which thus shut it up the whole Country is full of Vineyards and there are to be seen on its Banks both to the right and left a great number of little Cities and good Villages Castles there are also very frequent most of them built on ascents and even on the points of the sharpest Rocks I counted forty since my departure from Cologne I observed also in my way a strange fantasticalness in the Habits of the Peasants especially the Women About Bonn and Rhindorfe they wore only on their Heads a little Cap of coloured Stuff bordered with Galoon of another colour Their Hair hangs in Tresses quite down their Backs They make their Waste extreamly short and have a broad Leather Girdle with which they girt themselves half a Foot below their Waste which is compassed with a thick folded Rowl and lifts up their Petticoats so high that they reach but little below their Knees The Rhine is very broad all the way from Binghen to Mentz MENTZ At Mentz you go over it on a Bridge of Boats which hath no supporters The first thing you meet with when you come to this City from Cologne is the Elector's Palace it is of reddish Stone and its Architecture hath a great number of Ornaments after the German though otherwise regular and magnificent enough The bad Weather hindred us from seeing the Arsenal as well as the Citadel and other Fortifications But we were assured our loss was not great there being nothing at all rare in any of them They told us that in the middle of the Citadel there is a kind of Tower commonly call'd the Tomb of Drusus Drusus Germanicus Brother to Tiberius died in Germany to the great Grief as you know of the People and Army But he died not on the Rhine Besides you may remember that his Body was carried to Rome to be burnt in the Field of Mars It is true that after Augustus had caused the Senate to give him the Surname of Germanicus he also made Statues to be erected for him with triumphal Arches and other Monuments on the Banks of the Rhine And perhaps this Tower or Mausoleum was one of his honorary Tombs which the Ancients call'd 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Ornaments in which the Electors celebrate Mass are extraordinary Rich And the Canopy under which the Host is carried on certain occasions is all covered with Pearls I remember I have read in the Chronicles of the Abbey of Usberg that they had formerly in the Treasury of the Vestry an hollow Emerald of the bigness and shape of half a large Melon This Author said that on some days they put Water into that Cup with two or three little Fishes which swam about in it and when the Cup was covered they shewed it to the People and the motion of the Fishes produced such an effect as persuaded the silly People that the Stone was alive Every Elector bears the Arms of his own House but he Quarters Gules a Wheel Argent which are the Arms of the Electorate It is said that the Original of these Arms came from the * Willigese or Viligese of the Country of Brunswick This Chapter is wholly composed of Gentlemen There are 42 of which 24 are Capitularies Two thirds of their Suffrages are required in the choice of an Elector Heiss The Vniversity was Founded by the Arch-Bishop Ditherus Anno 1482. Calvis first Elector who was the Son of a Cart-wright There are to be seen in this Church many magnificent Tombs of these Princes who commonly are buried there The Protestants may live at Mentz but not exercise their Religion there The City is indifferently large but not much Peopled and the University in no very good Condition However the situation makes amends which is very pleasant and the Country about it is excellently good You know that the Elector of Mentz is the first of the Ecclesiasticks and Dean of the Electoral College I shall say nothing of his Fines or Revenue nor of those of the other Princes for in things of that nature 't is almost impossible to make a right Judgment I am SIR Yours c. At Mentz Nov. 3. 1687. LETTER VII SIR AFter we had crossed the Rhine before Mentz we entred into the Meine which by the Figure Parenthesis is called Moganus as well as Moenus and from thence some think Moguntia took its name We made use of the ordinary Boat of Francfort and came thither the same day in very good time FRANCFORT an Imperial City Eleven Royal Bastions This City is larger richer fairer and better Peopled than Mentz Its Fortifications seem tolerable though they

distinctly This House hath a long Portico between the Arches of which hang great Bones and Horns They say the Bones are the Bones of Giants and the Horns the Horns of the Oxen which drew the Stones with which the Cathedral is built And are not these very curious and venerable Pieces The outside of the House is full of several Pictures amongst which there are many of Armed Giants which in the Inscription below are called Vangiones We know very well that the People who formerly inhabited this part of the Rhine were called Vangiones as we find in Tacitus and others But I cannot tell the reason why they would have these Vangiones to be Giants Nevertheless these great Men there make a great noise at Worms they tell a thousand Stories of them and when they have done every one is at liberty to say what he pleases of them We only passed by Frankendal FRANKENDAL the Fortifications of which are pretty good and would be better if they were lined but they are forced to slope them too much because the too soft and ill cemented Earth could not otherwise be supported This defect is yet apparently greater in the Fortifications of Manheim MANHEIM These two little places belong to the Elector Palatine 'T is but two hours Travel from one to the other The situation of Manheim is its greatest Strength For it is not commanded by any rising Ground and is almost surrounded by the Neckar and the Rhine There is a good Garison in the Citadel but the greatest Rarity that I found in it is the Temple of Concord The Elector Charles Louis Father of Charles the Last Deceased caused this Church to be built to serve in common for the Protestants both Calvinists and Lutherans But this Prince being of a pleasant Humour and not very scrupulous about Religion the first day they Preach'd in this Church permitted a Curate of the Neighbourhood to Preach there also who made rather an Encomium of the Prince than a Sermon But they pretended not then that this was to be continued by course and after that time the Lutherans with the other Reformists solely made use of the Church But in fine this present Elector being a Romanists hath thought fit to joyn those of his Communion with the others And besides his Will which is most strong and prevalent he pretends this reason that it is not contrary to the Will of the Founder which he proves from the Harangue of the Curate Therefore now the three Ministers of the three Religions perform each in their turn the Service in the Church of Concord They begin and end successively in such manner as in three successive Sundays each of the three Ministers hath the priviledge to begin first as also to be second or third The Church is not great but is very fine The Pulpit is in common when the Roman Catholicks have ended Mass they draw the Curtain and hide the Altar About forty Years ago Manheim was but a little Village Frederick Father of Charles Louis caused it to be fortified and named it Fredericksburg at the same time this City was built which resum'd the name of Manheim and was fortified also All the Streets are in straight Lines and in some are Trees planted as in Holland Manheim is a very pretty place Every day at five of the Clock in the Morning at Noon and at six in the Evening there are hired Musicians who sing part of a Psalm on the Tower of the Town-house They have such loud Instruments that they are heard all over the Town This is done in most places of the Palatinate When we left Manheim after we had passed the Neckar over a Bridge of Boats we traversed a very fertile Plain which continued for three hours to the foot of the Mountains of Heidelberg These Mountains make a long ridge as if they would hinder ones going further Yet there we met with an opening through which the Neckar goes out This River is passed over on a cover'd Bridge and you find the City of Heidelberg on the other side which lies high and low amongst the Trees and Rocks It is no very fine City and I know not by what Spirit of Contradiction they have built it almost all of Wood whereas they might have had good Stone in abundance The Prince's Palace is upon an ascent it consists of many Pieces begun and not finished * This City was Storm'd and utterly laid waste by the French May 22. 1693. The whole is built of hewn Stone and there are some parts of this Structure of fine Architecture They have made fine Gardens amongst the Rocks but for all the care they have taken to adorn the place it is still Melancholy and Irregular if we take all together and I think it would be praise enough to call this House a magnificent Hermitage It being not long since the Dutchess of Orleance Sister to the last Elector and Inheritrix of some part of his Goods caused the Furniture of this House to be taken away for we found it very naked All things were sold even to the Wine of the famous Tun and apparently they had taken that away The Colossus of Rhodes saith Mr. Patin did not hold more Water between its Thighs than this great Tun Wine in its Intrails It is adds he 31 foot long and 21 high had not the Toy been too troublesome They go up to it by a pair of Stairs of fifty Steps and above there is a Platform of twenty Foot long circl'd with a Balcony round about The Arms of the Elector are placed in the finest part of the Tun. Bacchus in the largest Size with I know not how many Satyrs and other Drunkards of that kind are there also The Vines the Grapes the Glasses and the Leather-Jacks are there to be seen and make part of its Ornaments in basso releivo And there are likewise many Jests and Apothegms in High-Dutch written on this rich Subject The misfortunes of the War of which this Country hath been so often the Stage have reduced it to a very poor condition though it be naturally very good All Religions are tolerated but the Magistrates are all Protestants In the great Church of this City are to be seen many Magnificent Tombs of the Counts Palatines That of Robert King of the Romans and Founder of the University of Heidelberg is in the Choir of this same Church You are not ignorant of the Loss which Heidelberg sustained in the Year 1622. when its famous Library was transported to the Vatican I am SIR Yours c. At Heidelberg Nov. 12. 1687. LETTER IX SIR TWO good Hours on this side Heidelberg we past through whole Forests of Firr-trees and afterwards met with many more They set fire to them cut them down and pluck them up as much as they can but the Nature of the Soil produces them so fast that they cannot root them out All this Country is very poor and Money is so scarce