which_o they_o say_v happen_v frequent_o in_o the_o great_a and_o sandy_a desert_n but_o these_o be_v very_o few_o and_o i_o suppose_v as_o easy_o blow_v asunder_o as_o bring_v together_o however_o these_o deserve_v here_o no_o particular_a consideration_n this_o rise_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o large_a continent_n be_v doubtless_o very_o great_a though_o none_o either_o have_v or_o will_v ever_o be_v at_o the_o trouble_n and_o charge_n to_o measure_v it_o yet_o some_o estimation_n may_v be_v make_v by_o the_o length_n and_o swiftness_n of_o rivers_n it_o be_v common_o say_v that_o a_o ship_n be_v not_o able_a to_o sail_v against_o that_o stream_n who_o declivity_n be_v one_o pace_n in_o a_o hundred_o yet_o some_o declivity_n there_o must_v be_v and_o as_o they_o say_v seldom_o be_v it_o less_o than_o one_o in_o five_o hundred_o suppose_v then_o the_o nile_n which_o run_v in_o the_o great_a continent_n africa_n which_o we_o know_v in_o the_o world_n it_o disembogue_n into_o the_o 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that_o they_o can_v not_o endure_v their_o clothes_n but_o wrought_v in_o their_o shirt_n the_o south_n part_n of_o hudsons_n bay_n he_o call_v mare_n novum_n that_o part_n towards_o groneland_n mare_fw-la christianum_fw-la he_o arrive_v in_o 63_o deg_fw-la 20_o min._n where_o he_o winter_v and_o call_v it_o muncks_n winter-harbour_n and_o the_o country_n new_a denmark_n it_o seem_v to_o be_v near_o diggs_n island_n in_o that_o long_a winter_n he_o there_o endure_v little_a of_o note_n happen_v but_o that_o in_o april_n it_o rain_v and_o then_o come_v thither_o vast_a quantity_n of_o fowl_n of_o divers_a sort_n to_o breed_v in_o those_o quiet_a undisturbed_a place_n of_o all_o his_o company_n which_o be_v forty-six_a in_o one_o ship_n and_o sixteen_o in_o the_o pinnace_n scarce_o so_o many_o be_v leave_v alive_a as_o be_v able_a to_o bring_v the_o pinnace_n through_o very_o horrid_a danger_n to_o their_o own_o country_n in_o 1636_o the_o gronelandish_a society_n at_o copenhagen_n 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quantity_n of_o sea-vnicorns_a who_o horn_n be_v so_o much_o esteem_v and_o keep_v as_o rarity_n in_o the_o cabinet_n of_o prince_n the_o native_n here_o be_v so_o well_o store_v with_o it_o that_o they_o have_v sufficient_a both_o for_o truck_v and_o their_o own_o use_n they_o make_v of_o they_o beside_o other_o utensil_n sword_n and_o head_n for_o their_o dart_n and_o arrow_n which_o they_o work_v and_o grind_v with_o stone_n till_o they_o make_v they_o as_o sharp-piercing_a as_o we_o this_o horn_n grow_v in_o the_o snout_n of_o the_o fish_n and_o be_v his_o weapon_n wherewith_o he_o fear_v not_o to_o fight_v the_o whale_n and_o to_o assault_v and_o sometime_o endanger_v a_o ship_n the_o fish_n itself_o be_v as_o large_a as_o a_o ox_n very_o strong_a swift_a and_o hard_o to_o be_v catch_v except_o leave_v on_o the_o shore_n by_o the_o tide_n or_o entangle_v
the_o most_o northern_a country_n at_o the_o polar_a circle_n contain_v about_o 44_o deg_fw-la on_o the_o meridian_n which_o make_v about_o 2640_o english_a mile_n europe_n contain_v in_o it_o several_a kingdom_n division_n division_n the_o great_a of_o which_o be_v the_o empire_n of_o muscovy_n or_o russia_n on_o the_o north-east_n comprehend_v several_a nation_n more_o to_o the_o north-east_n scarce_o know_v to_o we_o and_o on_o the_o east_n cazan_n and_o other_o country_n by_o the_o river_n volga_n and_o part_n of_o lapland_n on_o the_o northwest_n next_o to_o muscovy_n on_o the_o west_n lie_v the_o kingdom_n of_o sweden_n contain_v great_a part_n of_o finland_n on_o the_o east_n and_o all_o to_o the_o mountain_n of_o norway_n on_o the_o west_n again_o to_o the_o east_n of_o europe_n by_o the_o caspian_a sea_n lie_v the_o country_n of_o the_o circassi_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o lesser_a tartary_n and_o some_o other_o lesser_a province_n thence_o south-west_n lie_v the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n extend_v itself_o through_o the_o midst_n of_o europe_n from_o the_o baltic_a to_o the_o euxin_n sea_n comprehend_v on_o the_o north_n prussia_n litvania_n lifland_n on_o the_o east_n volinia_n podolia_n and_o southward_a moldavia_n walachia_n northwest_o of_o poland_n lie_v germany_n under_o several_a prince_n the_o emperor_n be_v the_o chief_a north_n of_o germany_n lie_v the_o kingdom_n of_o denmark_n to_o the_o west_n flanders_n or_o the_o low_a country_n under_o divers_a government_n and_o northwest_n of_o they_o the_o kingdom_n of_o great_a britain_n comprehend_v several_a island_n south-west_n of_o germany_n lie_v the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n more_o south_n the_o kingdom_n of_o spain_n full_a south_n italy_n under_o several_a prince_n southeast_n of_o germany_n lie_v the_o great_a part_n of_o european_a turkey_n as_o hungary_n transylvania_n and_o more_o south_n croatia_n dalmatia_n and_o all_o greece_n there_o be_v in_o europe_n etc._n empire_n etc._n etc._n three_o empire_n that_o of_o muscovy_n the_o roman_a empire_n and_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o turk_n ten_o kingdom_n sweden_n denmark_n poland_n hungary_n bohemia_n england_n france_n spain_n portugal_n and_o the_o lesser_a tartary_n nine_o commonwealth_n and_o about_o forty_o principality_n of_o which_o when_o we_o come_v to_o particular_a country_n language_n original_n language_n the_o principal_a language_n speak_v in_o the_o northern_a and_o western_a part_n of_o europe_n may_v be_v reckon_v these_o three_o the_o ancient_a gothic_n the_o anglo-saxonic_a and_o the_o francic_n which_o also_o seem_v to_o be_v near_o akin_a or_o to_o have_v great_a affinity_n one_o with_o another_o and_o the_o late_a to_o be_v make_v up_o of_o the_o two_o former_a from_o the_o gothic_n which_o differ_v little_a from_o the_o old_a greek_a be_v derive_v the_o ancient_a cimbric_n and_o the_o modern_a language_n now_o speak_v in_o sweden_n denmark_n norway_n iseland_n the_o anglo-saxonic_a may_v 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be_v well_o understand_v by_o their_o learned_a man_n as_o be_v the_o language_n of_o the_o alkoran_n and_o be_v speak_v in_o some_o of_o the_o mountain_n of_o granada_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o lesser_a tartary_n that_o live_v between_o tanais_n and_o the_o neiper_n speak_v the_o tartarian_a language_n as_o also_o the_o cossacs_n with_o some_o small_a difference_n the_o fin_n and_o laplander_n seem_v to_o have_v divers_a language_n both_o from_o one_o another_o and_o from_o all_o the_o rest_n the_o paisan-liflanders_a likewise_o have_v a_o different_a language_n to_o themselves_o the_o sclavonic_a language_n whether_o original_o one_o or_o many_o be_v still_o continue_a in_o divers_a region_n of_o europe_n as_o in_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o emperor_n of_o russia_n divers_a country_n subject_n to_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n in_o some_o part_n of_o hungary_n but_o the_o hungarian_a tongue_n proper_o so_o call_v be_v by_o the_o learned_a account_v a_o original_a language_n 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corfu_n as_o also_o some_o part_n of_o croatia_n dalmatia_n together_o with_o muscovia_n walachia_n moldavia_n podolia_n volinia_n and_o some_o other_o part_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o poland_n with_o other_o neighbour_a country_n follow_v the_o greek_a church_n the_o latin_a church_n contain_v 1_o those_o of_o the_o reform_a religion_n and_o 2_o those_o of_o the_o roman_a 1._o the_o reform_a religion_n be_v embrace_v in_o great_a britain_n and_o ireland_n and_o the_o lesser_a island_n belong_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o with_o some_o diversity_n in_o sweden_n denmark_n holland_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n and_o several_a part_n of_o germany_n transylvania_n and_o some_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n 2._o the_o roman_a religion_n prevail_v in_o italy_n spain_n portugal_n france_n poland_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o german_a empire_n and_o other_o country_n mahumetanism_n be_v profess_v in_o european_a turkey_n by_o the_o great_a turk_n and_o his_o musselman_n the_o great_a ledg_n of_o mountain_n that_o have_v its_o beginning_n at_o the_o great_a western_a ocean_n mountain_n mountain_n first_o divide_v france_n and_o spain_n by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o pirenean_n hill_n and_o be_v thence_o continue_v through_o the_o south_n part_n of_o france_n till_o it_o cover_v italy_n and_o be_v there_o call_v the_o alps_o a_o branch_n of_o which_o run_v through_o the_o whole_a length_n of_o italy_n have_v the_o name_n of_o the_o apennine_a mountain_n another_o branch_n be_v continue_v under_o divers_a name_n as_o the_o rhetian-hill_n through_o the_o country_n now_o call_v of_o the_o grison_n alps_n graiae_n noricae_n juliae_fw-la etc._n etc._n all_o which_o have_v now_o divers_a name_n according_a to_o the_o several_a country_n through_o which_o they_o pass_v from_o italy_n they_o continue_v through_o stiria_n carinthia_n hungary_n transylvania_n moldavia_n to_o the_o black_a sea_n and_o branch_n out_o into_o divers_a other_o country_n of_o all_o which_o we_o shall_v treat_v more_o exact_o in_o the_o particular_a description_n the_o mountain_n of_o the_o north_n be_v not_o much_o discover_v one_o ledg_n of_o they_o be_v continue_v from_o the_o baltic_a to_o the_o northern_a ocean_n divide_v norway_n from_o the_o neighbour_a nation_n those_o in_o the_o utmost_a north_n ancient_o call_v riphaei_n and_o hyperborei_n have_v at_o this_o day_n lose_v those_o name_n consequent_o they_o be_v unknown_a except_o they_o be_v those_o which_o be_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v welikicamenopoias_n i_o e._n cingulum_n mundi_fw-la or_o the_o great_a rocky_a girdle_n of_o which_o as_o also_o of_o other_o mountain_n not_o here_o mention_v in_o their_o proper_a and_o particular_a place_n the_o sea_n that_o coast_n europe_n sea_n sea_n be_v the_o northern_a and_o western_a ocean_n the_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o the_o euxin_n or_o black_a sea_n which_o also_o contain_v in_o they_o several_a lesser_a sea_n bay_n streights_n etc._n etc._n and_o have_v different_a name_n from_o the_o different_a shore_n they_o wash_v as_o mare_fw-la
money_n they_o present_o begin_v to_o set_v up_o mint_n and_o coin_v piece_n of_o their_o own_o which_o they_o do_v so_o accurate_o that_o most_o nation_n have_v grant_v that_o the_o art_n of_o coin_v be_v here_o first_o bring_v to_o perfection_n whence_o the_o learned_a sr._n henry_n spelman_n think_v our_o english_a word_n sterling_n come_v from_o the_o easterling_n who_o come_v out_o of_o prussia_n first_o teach_v the_o art_n of_o refine_n and_o coin_v pure_a silver_n in_o england_n then_o before_o their_o come_n have_v be_v make_v use_n of_o the_o species_n of_o money_n currant_n at_o this_o day_n in_o prussia_n be_v these_o 1._o a_o schilling_n which_o contain_v six_o penny_n or_o pfennings_n none_o of_o which_o be_v now_o in_o use_n in_o single_a piece_n 2._o a_o gross_a which_o consist_v of_o three_o schillings_n twenty_o of_o these_o gross_v make_v 3._o a_o mark._n 4._o a_o gulder_n be_v make_v of_o thirty_o gross_v 5._o a_o dollar_n or_o thaler_n be_v worth_a three_o gulder_n 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austrian_a lunenburger_n and_o fleming_n and_o how_o much_o more_o a_o dane_n german_n and_o englishman_n will_v discourse_v together_o a_o mixture_n of_o the_o slavonian_a and_o german_a tongue_n and_o a_o revolution_n of_o perhaps_o two_o thousand_o year_n must_v needs_o alter_v the_o prussian_a language_n considerable_o from_o what_o it_o be_v at_o first_o what_o time_n prussia_n religion_n religion_n with_o the_o adjoin_a country_n begin_v to_o leave_v off_o their_o idolatrous_a worship_n and_o to_o be_v convert_v to_o christianity_n be_v hard_o to_o discover_v stanislaus_n lubienscius_fw-la bishop_n of_o plockzo_n think_v andrew_n the_o apostle_n first_o plant_v the_o gospel_n in_o these_o northern_a climate_n other_o more_o punctual_a in_o the_o story_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o same_o apostle_n sail_v out_o of_o greece_n by_o the_o euxine_a sea_n and_o come_v up_o the_o boristhenes_n or_o dnieper_n land_v at_o kiow_n than_o the_o metropolis_n of_o russia_n whence_o he_o go_v forward_o baptise_v and_o convert_v the_o heathen_n as_o far_o as_o the_o baltic_a sea_n some_o upon_z as_o shallow_a ground_n as_o the_o former_a will_v have_v st._n bartholomew_n and_o st._n thaddaeus_n first_o preacher_n in_o prussia_n however_o all_o agree_v in_o this_o that_o towards_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o ten_o century_n st._n adalbert_n or_o albert_n bishop_n of_o prague_n in_o bohemia_n and_o say_v the_o polish_v writer_n afterward_o archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n come_v through_o poland_n into_o prussia_n where_o he_o either_o first_o plant_v or_o restore_v christianity_n but_o the_o heathenish_a priest_n perceive_v innovation_n of_o religion_n inconsistent_a with_o their_o interest_n make_v the_o people_n so_o incense_v against_o st._n adalbert_n that_o they_o slay_v he_o barbarous_o at_o fischhausen_n in_o sambland_n in_o the_o year_n 997._o upon_o this_o boleslaus_n the_o first_o king_n of_o poland_n enter_v prussia_n with_o a_o great_a army_n and_o bring_v the_o 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christendom_n over_o as_o most_o likely_a either_o to_o persuade_v or_o force_v they_o into_o christianity_n conrade_z duke_n of_o masovia_n please_v with_o these_o proposal_n immediate_o dispatch_n letter_n to_o the_o master_n of_o the_o order_n proffer_v he_o the_o land_n of_o culm_n and_o auxiliary_a force_n in_o case_n he_o shall_v meet_v with_o any_o opposition_n upon_o this_o in_o the_o year_n 1226_o herman_n de_fw-fr salza_n four_o master_n of_o the_o teutonic_n order_n forthwith_o send_v herman_n the_o balk_v one_o of_o his_o knight_n among_o the_o prussian_n with_o the_o title_n of_o superintendent_n afterward_o change_v into_o provincial_n of_o prussia_n but_o so_o vigorous_o do_v the_o heathen_n oppose_v these_o undertake_n that_o it_o be_v fifty_o three_o year_n before_o they_o can_v be_v bring_v to_o renounce_v their_o idolatry_n after_o christianity_n begin_v to_o take_v root_n among_o they_o several_a bishopric_n and_o monastery_n be_v found_v notwithstanding_o all_o which_o many_o heathenish_a city_n be_v wink_v
a_o oath_n take_v in_o norway_n and_o iseland_n we_o read_v hialpi_n mire_n svo_fw-la friar_n og_z niordur_n og_z hin_n all_o matke_v as_o i.e._n so_o help_v i_o friar_n and_o niordur_n a_o norwegian_a king_n deify_v for_o his_o noble_a exploit_n and_o the_o almighty_a asian_a i.e._n woden_n from_o he_o the_o iselander_n call_v the_o four_o day_n of_o the_o week_n odensdagur_n and_o we_o wendesday_n the_o nobility_n of_o the_o ancient_a people_n of_o the_o north_n be_v wonderful_o ambitious_a of_o fetch_v their_o pedigree_n down_o in_o a_o straight_a line_n from_o this_o patriarch_n and_o god_n of_o the_o northern_a nation_n hence_o possible_o it_o come_v that_o in_o some_o copy_n of_o our_o anglo-saxonic_a chronicle_n the_o genealogy_n of_o our_o english_a king_n cerdic_n with_o several_a other_o be_v run_v up_o to_o one_o who_o be_v say_v to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o the_o son_n of_o woden_n and_o there_o the_o pedigree_n break_v of_o as_o if_o in_o so_o do_v they_o have_v sufficient_o imitate_v st._n luke_n genealogy_n of_o our_o saviour_n unto_o adam_n which_o be_v the_o son_n of_o god_n and_o hence_o as_o may_v well_o be_v conjecture_v the_o islander_n do_v to_o this_o day_n call_v their_o nobleman_n godar_n and_o hoffgodar_n i.e._n such_o as_o be_v of_o the_o lineage_n or_o family_n of_o the_o go_n beside_o these_o two_o we_o sometime_o read_v of_o freyer_n as_o in_o the_o norwegian_a oath_n before_o quote_v one_o of_o wodens_n companion_n and_o friga_n wodens_n wife_n whence_o our_o friday_n with_o several_z other_o of_o less_o note_n arngrim_n allow_v 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o that_o several_a christian_n come_v out_o of_o norway_n into_o iseland_n with_o ingulf_n in_o the_o year_n 874_o but_o that_o the_o isle_n be_v then_o convert_v to_o the_o christian_a faith_n he_o deny_v a_o full_a and_o total_a conversion_n he_o say_v be_v never_o attempt_v till_o about_o a_o hundred_o year_n after_o the_o first_o that_o open_o preach_v the_o gospel_n be_v one_o frideric_n a_o saxon_a bear_v who_o come_v over_o into_o this_o isle_n in_o the_o year_n 981_o and_o succeed_v so_o well_o that_o within_o three_o year_n after_o there_o be_v several_a church_n build_v the_o iselandic_n chronicle_n mention_n one_o thangbrandt_n another_o outlandish_a bishop_n who_o come_v into_o iseland_n in_o the_o year_n 997._o at_o last_o in_o the_o year_n 1000_o it_o be_v agree_v on_o in_o a_o general_a assembly_n of_o the_o whole_a isle_n that_o the_o worship_n of_o heathenish_a idol_n be_v abandon_v they_o will_v unanimous_o embrace_v the_o christian_a religion_n in_o the_o year_n 1056_o isleif_n a_o iselander_n be_v consecrate_v bishop_n of_o the_o whole_a isle_n and_o enter_v upon_o the_o see_v of_o schalholt_n the_o year_n follow_v it_o be_v very_o observable_a what_o be_v record_v in_o the_o iselandic_n chronicle_n that_o this_o isleif_n marry_v dalla_n the_o daughter_n of_o one_o thorwald_n and_o by_o she_o have_v three_o son_n the_o elder_a of_o which_o name_v gyss_a succeed_v his_o father_n in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o schalholt_n although_o he_o also_o be_v say_v to_o have_v marry_v stenun_n the_o daughter_n of_o thorgrin_n since_o that_o time_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o iseland_n have_v continue_v steadfast_a in_o the_o christian_a faith_n gudbrand_n thorlac_n who_o enter_v the_o bishopric_n of_o holen_fw-ge in_fw-ge the_o year_n 1571_o abolish_v the_o rite_n and_o ceremony_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o introduce_v the_o augustan_n confession_n which_o to_o this_o day_n be_v maintain_v all_o over_o the_o isle_n the_o same_o bishop_n first_o procure_v a_o printing-house_n to_o be_v set_v up_o in_o iseland_n and_o afterward_o cause_v the_o bible_n and_o several_a other_o godly_a book_n to_o be_v translate_v into_o the_o iselandic_n tongue_n and_o print_v christian_n the_o three_o king_n of_o denmark_n found_v two_o free-school_n in_o iseland_n one_o at_o holen_fw-ge and_o the_o other_o at_o skalholt_n which_o by_o the_o munificence_n of_o his_o successor_n frideric_n the_o second_o and_o christian_n the_o four_o be_v improve_v into_o two_o considerable_a college_n where_o young_a man_n be_v instruct_v in_o the_o liberal_a art_n and_o principle_n of_o religion_n till_o they_o be_v think_v fit_a for_o the_o ministry_n of_o late_a year_n many_o ingenious_a man_n and_o learned_a iselander_n have_v be_v breed_v up_o in_o the_o university_n at_o copenhagen_n we_o have_v before_o take_v a_o survey_n of_o the_o mean_a cottage_n or_o burrows_n of_o the_o rustic_n in_o iseland_n city_n city_n and_o we_o can_v expect_v that_o their_o citizen_n shall_v live_v in_o much_o better_a fashion_n there_o be_v only_o two_o city_n in_o the_o isle_n holen_fw-ge and_o skalholt_n the_o one_o the_o seat_n of_o their_o northern_a the_o other_o of_o their_o southern_a bishop_n in_o both_o of_o they_o the_o house_n be_v build_v of_o wood_n rare_o of_o stone_n cover_v with_o either_o board_n or_o turf_n the_o cathedral_n at_o 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judicature_n judicature_n where_o former_o stand_v a_o high_a flame_a mountain_n which_o by_o degree_n burn_v away_o this_o plain_a say_v he_o be_v encompass_v with_o huge_a rock_n which_o make_v it_o inaccessible_a except_v only_o in_o one_o place_n and_o there_o too_o you_o have_v room_n for_o no_o more_o than_o one_o passenger_n at_o once_o from_o the_o top_n of_o two_o of_o these_o rock_n fall_v down_o two_o large_a river_n which_o with_o a_o terrible_a noise_n be_v swallow_v up_o by_o a_o whirl-pool_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o plain_a hither_o yearly_o upon_o the_o twenty-ninth_a day_n of_o june_n repair_v all_o such_o as_o have_v any_o suit_n at_o law_n or_o other_o controversy_n to_o be_v determine_v at_o the_o passage_n stand_v a_o guard_n of_o soldier_n who_o admit_v all_o in_o that_o desire_n the_o favour_n but_o suffer_v none_o to_o go_v out_o without_o a_o pass_n from_o the_o governor_n as_o soon_o as_o all_o who_o have_v any_o business_n be_v come_v in_o the_o governor_n or_o lieutenant_n of_o the_o isle_n read_v his_o commission_n from_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n that_o do_v he_o give_v his_o charge_n insist_v much_o upon_o the_o good_a will_n and_o kindness_n which_o the_o king_n his_o master_n and_o himself_o bear_v the_o iselander_n and_o advise_v they_o all_o to_o administer_v justice_n without_o respect_n of_o any_o manner_n of_o person_n whatever_o after_o this_o he_o return_v to_o his_o tent_n where_o in_o a_o godly_a sermon_n preach_v to_o he_o and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o assembly_n the_o necessity_n of_o punish_v offender_n and_o vindicate_v the_o injure_a be_v declare_v as_o soon_o as_o sermon_n be_v end_v the_o twelve_o choose_a justice_n who_o they_o call_v lochmader_n i.e._n man_n of_o the_o law_n sit_v down_o on_o the_o ground_n with_o each_o a_o book_n of_o the_o iselandic_n law_n in_o his_o hand_n after_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o defendant_n have_v both_o give_v in_o what_o they_o have_v to_o say_v they_o all_o arise_v 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have_v from_o the_o lutheran_n the_o authority_n of_o calvin_n prevail_v so_o exceed_o as_o to_o be_v entertain_v in_o france_n scotland_n the_o netherlands_o a_o great_a part_n of_o poland_n and_o many_o province_n of_o germany_n whereas_o lutheranism_n never_o reach_v much_o further_a than_o it_o be_v at_o first_o spread_v by_o luther_n himself_o the_o kingdom_n of_o denmark_n and_o sweden_n embrace_v luther_n doctrine_n very_o early_o and_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o both_o those_o nation_n profess_v it_o to_o this_o day_n but_o in_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n and_o brandenburg_n luther_n credit_n decay_v daily_o and_o be_v thrust_v out_o by_o calvinism_n the_o present_a elector_n of_o brandenburg_n be_v a_o calvinist_n and_o encourage_v man_n of_o his_o own_o persuasion_n in_o the_o university_n of_o francfurt_n upon_o the_o oder_fw-ge konigsberg_n and_o rostoc_n this_o make_v the_o scholar_n of_o leipsic_n who_o be_v strict_a lutheran_n dread_a his_o come_n into_o their_o neighbourhood_n when_o he_o come_v to_o take_v possession_n of_o holy_a which_o fall_v into_o his_o hand_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o the_o present_a administrator_n augustus_n duke_n of_o saxony_n for_o the_o lutheran_n hate_v a_o calvinist_n as_o much_o as_o a_o turk_n insomuch_o that_o in_o the_o great_a church_n at_o leipsic_n they_o have_v the_o picture_n of_o the_o devil_n ignatius_n loyola_n and_o john_n calvin_n hang_v in_o one_o frame_n with_o this_o subscription_n the_o three_o great_a enemy_n of_o christ_n and_o the_o christian_a religion_n at_o wittenberg_n the_o only_a support_n which_o luther_n doctrine_n have_v leave_v be_v abraham_n calovius_n a_o old_a gentleman_n that_o have_v take_v great_a pain_n to_o run_v down_o all_o opposer_n of_o his_o opinion_n but_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o university_n begin_v to_o close_v with_o calixtus_n junior_n one_o of_o the_o present_a professor_n in_o the_o university_n of_o 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history_n of_o that_o nation_n from_o this_o great_a prince_n we_o must_v therefore_o begin_v to_o reckon_v the_o german_a emperor_n a._n d._n 800._o charles_n son_n of_o pepin_n king_n of_o france_n be_v anoint_v and_o crown_v emperor_n by_o pope_n leo_n the_o three_o upon_o christmass-day_n he_o have_v before_o this_o rescue_v italy_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o germany_n from_o the_o tyranny_n of_o the_o lombard_n and_o annex_v the_o whole_a dominion_n of_o their_o king_n desiderius_n who_o he_o take_v prisoner_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o frank_n in_o the_o year_n 772_o he_o begin_v to_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o saxon_n at_o that_o time_n the_o most_o potent_a people_n in_o germany_n in_o hope_n to_o reduce_v they_o which_o he_o at_o last_o effect_v to_o christianity_n wherever_o he_o conquer_v he_o establish_v the_o christian_a religion_n and_o erect_v school_n for_o the_o education_n of_o young_a child_n in_o the_o same_o doctrine_n he_o be_v a_o great_a benefactor_n to_o the_o university_n at_o paris_n where_o he_o will_v himself_o frequent_v disputation_n and_o reward_v the_o industry_n of_o those_o he_o find_v to_o be_v deserve_v man_n beside_o he_o be_v the_o founder_n of_o a_o incredible_a number_n of_o great_a school_n and_o petit_fw-fr university_n in_o germany_n insomuch_o that_o we_o shall_v scarce_o in_o the_o follow_a description_n mention_v a_o town_n of_o considerable_a note_n in_o the_o empire_n which_o have_v not_o receive_v some_o signal_n kindness_n from_o he_o i_o know_v not_o whether_o it_o be_v his_o act_n of_o piety_n or_o prowess_n get_v he_o the_o title_n of_o great_a but_o doubtless_o both_o deserve_v it_o after_o he_o have_v be_v emperor_n fourteen_o year_n he_o die_v at_o seventy-two_a year_n of_o age_n in_o the_o year_n 814_o and_o be_v bury_v at_o aix_n la_fw-fr chapelle_n where_o he_o have_v build_v a_o church_n and_o design_v also_o to_o have_v establish_v the_o chief_a residence_n of_o the_o german_a emperor_n all_o his_o epitaph_n be_v magni_fw-la caroli_n regis_fw-la christianissimi_fw-la romanorum_fw-la imperatoris_fw-la corpus_fw-la hoc_fw-la sepulchro_fw-la conditum_fw-la iaceo_fw-la he_o bequeath_v his_o empire_n to_o his_o son_n ludowic_n than_o king_n of_o aquitain_n 814._o ludowic_n or_o lewis_n for_o his_o piety_n and_o zeal_n in_o promote_a the_o christian_a religion_n surname_v the_o godly_a succeed_v his_o father_n he_o be_v crown_v emperor_n by_o pope_n stephen_n iv_o at_o rheims_n in_o france_n soon_o after_o his_o entrance_n upon_o the_o empire_n he_o procure_v a_o translation_n of_o the_o bible_n into_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n copy_n of_o which_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v distribute_v among_o the_o commonalty_n the_o great_a exploit_n of_o war_n which_o he_o be_v report_v to_o have_v do_v be_v the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o saracen_n out_o of_o italy_n beside_o this_o he_o take_v his_o nephew_n bernhard_n king_n of_o lombardy_n who_o have_v endeavour_v to_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o italy_n prisoner_n and_o put_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o he_o and_o his_o follower_n condemn_v they_o all_o to_o a_o monastery_n by_o his_o first_o wife_n irmengarde_n he_o have_v three_o son_n lotharius_n ludowic_n and_o pippin_n who_o overpower_v with_o the_o persuasion_n of_o some_o bad_a companion_n rebel_v against_o their_o father_n who_o they_o take_v prisoner_n and_o shut_v up_o in_o a_o monastery_n some_o say_v his_o son_n ludowic_n release_v he_o willing_o but_o the_o most_o general_o receive_v story_n be_v that_o most_o of_o his_o subject_n rise_v up_o in_o arm_n resolve_v to_o rescue_v their_o emperor_n which_o ludowic_n see_v he_o submit_v himself_o to_o his_o father_n and_o beg_v pardon_v after_o he_o be_v set_v at_o liberty_n he_o march_v with_o his_o own_o and_o his_o son_n ludowic_n force_n against_o lotharius_n who_o have_v raise_v the_o strong_a rebellion_n but_o die_v on_o the_o way_n at_o mentz_n in_o the_o twentyseventh_a year_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o sixty-fourth_a of_o his_o age._n 840._o lotharius_n the_o emperor_n ludowic_n elder_a son_n succeed_v his_o father_n in_o the_o whole_a empire_n have_v throw_v out_o his_o two_o brethren_n who_o be_v leave_v partner_n with_o he_o he_o be_v the_o first_o that_o annex_v austrasia_n which_o be_v from_o he_o call_v by_o the_o high_a dutch_a loth-reich_a by_o the_o french_a lot-regne_a now_o lorreign_a i._n e._n lotharius_n kingdom_n to_o the_o german_a empire_n after_o he_o have_v rule_v fifteen_o year_n he_o retire_v into_o a_o monastery_n at_o treves_n where_o he_o live_v some_o time_n after_o in_o his_o day_n pope_n joan_n under_o the_o covert_a name_n of_o john_n viii_o as_o the_o historian_n of_o that_o time_n general_o relate_v be_v head_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n 855._o ludowic_n ii_o ah_o prince_n of_o wonderful_a piety_n and_o learning_n succeed_v in_o the_o empire_n upon_o his_o father_n resignation_n he_o conquer_v the_o sclavonian_n and_o convert_v they_o to_o christianity_n defend_v italy_n from_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o saracen_n and_o make_v provision_n in_o most_o part_n of_o his_o empire_n for_o poor_a widow_n and_o orphan_n he_o have_v a_o great_a quarrel_n with_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n for_o elect_v a_o pope_n without_o acquaint_v he_o but_o the_o popish_a writer_n tell_v the_o story_n otherwise_o and_o say_v that_o when_o the_o emperor_n hear_v how_o that_o court_n have_v elect_v pope_n adrian_n ii_o into_o the_o room_n of_o nicolas_n i._o without_o stay_v for_o his_o voice_n he_o commend_v they_o high_o for_o so_o do_v nay_o they_o make_v he_o give_v this_o reason_n for_o his_o approbation_n of_o their_o proceed_n qui_fw-la enim_fw-la fieri_fw-la posset_n ut_fw-la peregrinus_fw-la &_o hospes_fw-la dignoscere_fw-la posset_n in_fw-la aliena_fw-la republica_fw-la quis_fw-la potissimum_fw-la caeteris_fw-la praeferendus_fw-la sit_fw-la i._o e._n how_o be_v it_o possible_a that_o a_o stranger_n shall_v be_v so_o well_o skilled_a in_o a_o foreign_a commonwealth_n as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o pitch_v upon_o a_o man_n fit_a
italy_n itself_o beside_o these_o ornament_n the_o city_n be_v eminent_a for_o the_o great_a exchange_n in_o it_o of_o all_o manner_n of_o merchandise_n the_o plenty_n it_o have_v of_o all_o sort_n of_o fresh_a and_o salt_a fish_n wood_n either_o for_o fuel_n or_o timber_n corn_n and_o many_o other_o rich_a commodity_n the_o citizen_n have_v be_v always_o commend_v for_o their_o great_a civility_n to_o stranger_n and_o no_o less_o praise_v for_o their_o undoubted_a valour_n and_o resolution_n in_o oppose_v the_o violence_n of_o any_o foreign_a enemy_n a_o more_o sufficient_a demonstration_n of_o their_o courage_n can_v be_v expect_v than_o they_o give_v in_o defend_v their_o town_n so_o brave_o as_o they_o do_v against_o the_o force_n of_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n in_o the_o year_n 1677._o which_o famous_a siege_n have_v possible_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o memorable_a piece_n of_o gallantry_n if_o we_o consider_v the_o resolution_n and_o courage_n of_o both_o party_n that_o these_o late_a age_n have_v produce_v will_v in_o this_o place_n merit_v a_o more_o particular_a relation_n then_o ordinary_a the_o elector_n have_v the_o year_n before_o make_v a_o attempt_n upon_o this_o city_n but_o be_v in_o too_o weak_a a_o condition_n consider_v the_o posture_n of_o the_o place_n and_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o garrison_n that_o defend_v it_o to_o pursue_v his_o intention_n any_o further_o whereupon_o he_o resolve_v for_o that_o time_n to_o withdraw_v his_o force_n and_o to_o provide_v himself_o better_a before_o he_o will_v venture_v upon_o a_o second_o onset_n according_o that_o winter_n be_v spend_v in_o raise_v new_a regiment_n and_o provide_v all_o manner_n of_o ammunition_n requisite_a for_o the_o carry_v on_o of_o this_o design_n the_o summer_n follow_v all_o thing_n thus_o in_o readiness_n on_o the_o five_o of_o july_n in_o the_o year_n 1677._o his_o highness_n part_v from_o berlin_n at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o army_n consist_v of_o twentyfour_o regiment_n whereof_o nine_o of_o horse_n ten_o of_o foot_n and_o five_o of_o dragoon_n besides-foot_n guard_n and_o the_o assistance_n of_o four_o thousand_o lunenburger_n under_o the_o command_n of_o major_a general_n enten_n by_o these_o force_n the_o city_n be_v close_o besiege_v from_o the_o seven_o of_o july_n to_o the_o twenty-sixth_a of_o december_n follow_v on_o which_o day_n the_o town_n be_v surrender_v upon_o the_o condition_n follow_v 1._o that_o all_o the_o swedish_n soldier_n shall_v march_v out_o with_o drum_n beat_v and_o colour_n fly_v and_o have_v safe_a conduct_n for_o themselves_o with_o their_o bag_n and_o baggage_n as_o far_o as_o liefland_n but_o all_o the_o german_n whether_o officer_n or_o common_a soldier_n quit_v the_o service_n of_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n shall_v be_v list_v under_o the_o elector_n ii_o if_o any_o of_o the_o swedish_n good_n can_v not_o at_o present_a be_v carry_v off_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o the_o owner_n to_o leave_v they_o behind_o he_o to_o be_v restore_v upon_o demand_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o frost_n be_v over_o and_o the_o river_n navigable_a iii_o a_o general_a pardon_n shall_v be_v grant_v to_o all_o partisan_n and_o forager_n except_v such_o as_o be_v know_v to_o have_v commit_v some_o notorious_a murder_n or_o other_o misdemeanour_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n in_o their_o sally_n iu._n all_o the_o wound_a and_o sick_a soldier_n shall_v have_v leave_n to_o lie_v in_o the_o city_n till_o they_o be_v cure_v v._o all_o the_o prisoner_n on_o both_o side_n shall_v be_v set_v at_o liberty_n vi_o that_o at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o swedish_n lieutenant_n general_n all_o fugitive_n shall_v be_v pardon_v and_o receive_v back_o to_o their_o respective_a regiment_n vii_o his_o electoral_a highness_n shall_v grant_v to_o the_o say_a lieutenant_n general_a wulfzen_n the_o liberty_n to_o carry_v off_o any_o two_o piece_n of_o cannon_n which_o he_o shall_v choose_v viii_o the_o wife_n widow_n and_o child_n of_o the_o swedish_n officer_n shall_v be_v permit_v to_o tarry_v in_o stetin_n if_o they_o think_v fit_a till_o easter_n and_o at_o their_o departure_n have_v passport_n grant_v they_o ix_o all_o officer_n of_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n whether_o civil_a or_o military_a shall_v remain_v full_a proprietor_n of_o all_o their_o good_n movable_a and_o immovable_a pay_v the_o same_o homage_n to_o the_o elector_n as_o they_o have_v former_o do_v to_o the_o aforesaid_a king_n x._o provide_v always_o that_o if_o any_o of_o the_o say_a officer_n be_v willing_a to_o part_v with_o any_o such_o good_n he_o shall_v have_v a_o just_a price_n pay_v he_o and_o licence_n to_o carry_v of_o the_o same_o whither_o himself_o shall_v please_v xi_o the_o elector_n shall_v not_o make_v any_o alteration_n in_o religion_n xii_o the_o university_n and_o church_n of_o st._n mary_n shall_v enjoy_v their_o ancient_a privilege_n and_o revenue_n xiii_o his_o electoral_a highness_n shall_v take_v into_o his_o own_o protection_n all_o the_o priest_n and_o schoolmaster_n in_o the_o town_n defend_v they_o from_o all_o the_o insolence_n and_o injury_n of_o his_o soldier_n these_o with_o some_o few_o more_o less_o considerable_a article_n be_v sign_v by_o both_o party_n the_o elector_n enter_v the_o town_n a_o great_a part_n whereof_o lay_v miserable_o bury_v in_o its_o ruin_n the_o effect_n of_o the_o valour_n and_o prowess_n of_o its_o inhabitant_n during_o this_o siege_n the_o brandenburger_n be_v say_v to_o have_v spend_v thirty_o thousand_o granade_n 24000_o hand-granadoe_n a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o thousand_o canonshot_n and_o ninety-eight_a thousand_o pound_n of_o powder_n by_o the_o late_a treaty_n of_o nimeguen_n this_o town_n be_v again_o restore_v to_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n ii_o â—â—â—min_fw-fr â—â—â—min_fw-fr cammin_n former_o a_o bishop_n see_v who_o prelate_n have_v the_o privilege_n of_o be_v invest_v and_o confirm_v immediate_o by_o the_o pope_n himself_o in_o the_o treaty_n of_o munster_n it_o be_v order_v that_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o then_o incumbent_a canon_n the_o bishopric_n of_o cammin_n shall_v be_v turn_v into_o a_o small_a principality_n and_o descend_v upon_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n iii_o â—â—â—â—â—g_v â—â—â—â—â—g_v colberg_n a_o strong_a town_n on_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o perceant_a annex_v former_o to_o the_o bishopric_n of_o cammin_n by_o barnimus_n i._o duke_n of_o pomeren_n and_o therefore_o give_v to_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n by_o the_o westphalian_a treaty_n the_o convenience_n of_o the_o haven_n and_o plenty_n of_o good_a salt_n make_v here_o and_o send_v into_o other_o country_n have_v invite_v a_o considerable_a number_n of_o merchant_n to_o traffic_v and_o enrich_v the_o town_n iv_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d wollin_n at_o this_o day_n a_o poor_a town_n but_o the_o relic_n of_o one_o of_o the_o great_a city_n that_o these_o part_n afford_v adam_n bremensis_n assert_v positive_o that_o julinum_n which_o be_v the_o ancient_a name_n of_o this_o town_n turn_v afterward_o into_o wollin_n be_v once_o the_o large_a city_n in_o europe_n and_o no_o doubt_n it_o be_v a_o place_n extraordinary_a strong_a and_o populous_a that_o be_v alone_o able_a to_o maintain_v a_o war_n against_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o denmark_n and_o to_o bring_v home_o its_o monarch_n suenotto_n three_o several_a time_n prisoner_n in_o those_o day_n it_o be_v by_o all_o nation_n resort_v to_o as_o the_o great_a mart-town_n except_v perhaps_o constantinople_n in_o europe_n and_o the_o dane_n swede_n russian_n jew_n and_o several_a other_o people_n have_v here_o their_o peculiar_a street_n and_o house_n of_o exchange_n but_o within_o a_o while_n their_o apostasy_n from_o the_o christian_a religion_n bring_v god_n heavy_a wrath_n and_o vengeance_n upon_o they_o which_o destroy_v a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o city_n by_o lightning_n and_o fire_n from_o heaven_n and_o the_o rest_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o waldemar_n king_n of_o denmark_n who_o fall_v upon_o it_o unaware_o in_o the_o year_n 1170_o with_o a_o great_a army_n destroy_v the_o very_a ruin_n of_o the_o town_n and_o burn_v up_o what_o be_v only_o leave_v its_o ash_n never_o since_o have_v this_o place_n be_v any_o thing_n considerable_a scarce_o deserve_v the_o name_n of_o a_o city_n or_o great_a town_n be_v remarkable_a for_o nothing_o save_v that_o it_o give_v name_n to_o the_o whole_a isle_n where_o it_o be_v situate_a which_o from_o it_o be_v call_v das_n wollinsche_n werder_n v._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d usedom_n this_o be_v once_o after_o the_o destruction_n of_o its_o neighbour_n julinum_n a_o town_n of_o good_a traffic_n which_o be_v chief_o occasion_v by_o the_o resort_n of_o the_o dane_n and_o pole_n who_o remove_v their_o trade_n hither_o in_o the_o year_n 1473_o the_o whole_a town_n with_o the_o town-hall_n and_o all_o the_o shop_n and_o good_n of_o the_o merchant_n be_v burn_v down_o after_o which_o time_n it_o
unanimous_a be_v sufficient_a to_o defend_v the_o whole_a island_n against_o a_o potent_a enemy_n the_o language_n ancient_o speak_v in_o rugen_n be_v a_o dialect_n of_o the_o slavonian_a or_o wendish_n tongue_n language_n language_n but_o after_o the_o duke_n of_o pomeren_n assist_v by_o the_o citizen_n of_o stralsund_n as_o shall_v be_v show_v hereafter_o have_v possession_n of_o the_o island_n the_o wendish_n manner_n and_o language_n be_v utter_o abolish_v insomuch_o that_o it_o be_v record_v in_o the_o annal_n of_o rugen_n as_o a_o memorable_a thing_n that_o in_o the_o year_n 1404_o there_o be_v one_o old_a woman_n leave_v in_o the_o isle_n that_o understand_v perfect_o and_o can_v speak_v the_o slavonian_a tongue_n at_o this_o day_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n speak_v the_o language_n of_o the_o low_a saxon_n and_o some_o few_o especial_o where_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n officer_n keep_v their_o residence_n speak_v swedish_n the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o this_o isle_n be_v the_o last_o of_o all_o the_o northern_a nation_n that_o be_v convert_v from_o their_o idolatry_n and_o paganism_n religion_n religion_n and_o embrace_v the_o christian_a religion_n helmondus_n seem_v to_o point_v more_o especial_o at_o the_o rugian_o when_o he_o say_v inter_fw-la omnes_fw-la autem_fw-la borealium_fw-la populos_fw-la sola_fw-la slavorum_n provincia_n remansit_fw-la caeteris_fw-la durior_fw-la atque_fw-la ad_fw-la credendum_fw-la tardior_fw-la however_o about_o the_o year_n 813_o a_o company_n of_o hardy_a monk_n venture_v to_o preach_v up_o christianity_n to_o these_o stubborn_a people_n and_o succeed_v so_o well_o in_o the_o undertake_n as_o in_o a_o very_a short_a time_n to_o bring_v over_o a_o great_a many_o of_o they_o to_o the_o true_a faith_n but_o they_o as_o quick_o abandon_v christianity_n and_o relapse_v into_o their_o former_a idolatry_n for_o as_o upon_o the_o first_o preach_v of_o the_o gospel_n in_o lycaonia_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o country_n be_v ready_a to_o do_v sacrifice_n to_o st._n barnabas_n and_o st._n paul_n under_o the_o name_n of_o jupiter_n and_o mercury_n so_o these_o poor_a people_n mistake_v god_n minister_n for_o god_n himself_o idolise_v st._n vite_fw-la a_o poor_a monk_n that_o have_v undertake_v their_o conversion_n by_o the_o name_n of_o swant_n which_o name_n be_v afterward_o give_v to_o a_o monstrous_a four_o head_a image_n which_o they_o worship_v in_o a_o sumptuous_a temple_n to_o this_o idol_n all_o the_o rugian_o repair_v as_o to_o a_o oracle_n for_o advice_n and_o the_o foreign_a merchant_n that_o have_v make_v a_o safe_a voyage_n be_v oblige_v to_o offer_v up_o some_o of_o their_o best_a merchandise_n as_o a_o tribute_n of_o thanksgiving_n to_o this_o grand_a tutelary_a god_n of_o the_o island_n three_o hundred_o horse_n be_v keep_v constant_o for_o the_o service_n of_o swant_n one_o whereof_o be_v white_a and_o never_o rid_v but_o by_o the_o chief_a priest_n this_o horse_n be_v now_o and_o then_o show_v to_o the_o people_n in_o a_o morning_n all_o over_o besmear_v with_o dirt_n and_o sweat_n the_o priest_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n protest_v to_o the_o multitude_n that_o swant_n himself_o have_v bring_v the_o beast_n into_o that_o pickle_n by_o engage_v with_o and_o pursue_v the_o enemy_n of_o rugen_n the_o night_n before_o the_o manner_n of_o worship_v this_o idol_n which_o stand_v in_o arcona_n the_o famous_a city_n in_o old_a rugen_n before_o mention_v be_v thus_o the_o chief_a priest_n look_v into_o a_o horn_n which_o the_o image_n hold_v in_o its_o right_a hand_n and_o which_o have_v be_v fill_v the_o year_n before_o with_o a_o precious_a liquor_n prognosticate_v from_o the_o good_a quantity_n or_o scarcity_n of_o the_o liquor_n therein_o contain_v the_o plenty_n or_o dearth_n of_o the_o year_n follow_v that_o do_v with_o his_o lip_n shut_v for_o fear_v of_o harm_v the_o idol_n with_o his_o breath_n he_o very_o solemn_o pour_v out_o the_o remain_a liquor_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o image_n and_o have_v replenish_v it_o afresh_o place_v it_o again_o with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o reverence_n in_o the_o god_n right_a hand_n whence_o he_o have_v take_v it_o down_o these_o ceremony_n be_v end_v the_o rest_n of_o that_o day_n be_v spend_v in_o anniversary_n feast_v and_o jollity_n in_o this_o miserable_a condition_n the_o rugian_o continue_v for_o some_o age_n until_o by_o a_o continual_a conversation_n with_o their_o neighbour_n the_o pomeranian_o they_o be_v almost_o insensible_o turn_v christian_n and_o about_o five_o hundred_o year_n ago_o at_o last_o whole_o quit_v their_o idolatrous_a practice_n and_o at_o this_o day_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o rugen_n be_v as_o zealous_a assertor_n and_o maintainer_n of_o the_o augsburg_n confession_n as_o any_o german_n whatever_n the_o isle_n be_v ancient_o govern_v by_o prince_n of_o its_o own_o grammar_n grammar_n who_o dominion_n reach_v beyond_o the_o narrow_a boundary_n the_o sea_n have_v set_v they_o a_o great_a way_n into_o pomeren_n take_v in_o all_o the_o territory_n near_o stralsund_n gripswald_n and_o other_o place_n now_o subject_a to_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n antiquity_n will_v afford_v we_o a_o register_n of_o eleven_o prince_n of_o rugen_n and_o those_o in_o the_o follow_a order_n 1._o wislaus_n who_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v prince_n of_o rugen_n in_o the_o day_n of_o the_o emperor_n otho_n i._o about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 938._o 2._o grimus_fw-la remarkable_a for_o nothing_o but_o his_o fill_v up_o a_o space_n in_o the_o catalogue_n of_o these_o prince_n 3._o cruco_n or_o crito_n at_o the_o same_o time_n prince_n of_o rugen_n and_o petty_a king_n of_o the_o obatriti_n in_o the_o year_n 1100_o who_o after_o he_o have_v for_o some_o year_n exercise_v idolatry_n and_o tyranny_n in_o his_o dominion_n be_v depose_v and_o slay_v by_o henry_n son_n of_o gothscalc_n another_o inconsiderable_a king_n of_o the_o say_v obitriti_n at_o the_o entreaty_n of_o his_o wife_n schlavine_n daughter_n to_o swantibor_n i._o prince_n of_o pomeren_n 4._o raze_v a_o great_a warrior_n who_o besiege_v lubec_n and_o take_v it_o he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1141._o 5._o teslaus_n a_o prince_n who_o have_v continual_a war_n with_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n two_o whereof_z eric_n vi._n and_o sueno_n iii_o he_o as_o often_o overcome_v as_o he_o be_v beat_v by_o they_o but_o at_o last_o be_v utter_o vanquish_v and_o make_v tributary_n by_o king_n waldemar_n 6._o jarimar_n teslaus_n brother_n the_o first_o prince_n of_o rugen_n that_o embrace_v christianity_n 7._o barmita_n arimar'_v son_n he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1241._o 8._o witzlaus_n ii_o barmita_n brother_n and_o founder_n of_o the_o monastery_n at_o campen_n he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1247._o 9_o jarimar_n ii_o witzlaus_n the_o second_o be_v son_n who_o immediate_o after_o his_o admittance_n to_o the_o government_n rebel_v against_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n and_o at_o last_o after_o many_o engagement_n get_v himself_o and_o his_o successor_n ease_v from_o that_o yoke_n in_o the_o year_n 1259._o 10._o witzlaus_n iii_o jarimar_n the_o second_o be_v son_n a_o great_a promoter_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n in_o liefland_n where_o himself_o sometime_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o office_n of_o a_o priest_n preach_v christianity_n to_o the_o poor_a infidel_n of_o those_o part_n 11._o witzlaus_n iv_o the_o last_o prince_n of_o rugen_n of_o this_o family_n upon_o the_o unruly_a growth_n of_o the_o great_a city_n of_o stralsund_n the_o merchant_n and_o burgher_n find_v themselves_o able_a enough_o to_o grapple_v with_o this_o prince_n be_v resolve_v to_o be_v no_o long_o subject_n to_o he_o or_o any_o of_o his_o successor_n if_o by_o violence_n or_o otherwise_o they_o can_v procure_v their_o liberty_n whereupon_o they_o open_o proclaim_v themselves_o a_o free_a city_n declare_v that_o neither_o the_o prince_n of_o rugen_n nor_o any_o of_o their_o neighbour_n can_v lawful_o pretend_v to_o exact_v any_o tribute_n or_o homage_n from_o the_o citizen_n of_o stralsund_n upon_o the_o noise_n of_o this_o revolt_n prince_n witzlaus_n assist_v by_o some_o of_o the_o neighbour_a king_n and_o prince_n besiege_v stralsund_v demand_v submission_n together_o with_o a_o humble_a acknowledgement_n of_o their_o unpardonable_a crime_n in_o dare_v to_o make_v so_o traitorous_a a_o revolt_n but_o in_o vain_a for_o the_o stralsunder_v not_o only_o persist_v in_o the_o resolution_n of_o assert_v their_o liberty_n to_o the_o last_o but_o brave_o withstand_v the_o assault_n of_o witzlaus_n and_o his_o associate_n and_o after_o many_o hot_a dispute_n slay_v this_o prince_n in_o a_o sally_n thereby_o put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o controversy_n and_o whole_a lineage_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o rugen_n in_o the_o year_n 1325._o after_o this_o the_o island_n of_o rugen_n with_o other_o part_n of_o that_o principality_n upon_o the_o continent_n come_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o
or_o runi_n helmondus_n i_o think_v first_o teach_v they_o to_o call_v themselves_o by_o this_o latter_a name_n fancy_v that_o the_o ancient_a insula_fw-la runorum_fw-la who_o adam_n bremensis_n call_v fortissimam_fw-la slavorum_fw-la gentem_fw-la must_v needs_o be_v rugen_n whereas_o it_o be_v more_o probable_a that_o the_o runi_n as_o the_o learned_a ol._n wormius_n conjecture_n live_v further_o eastward_o near_o the_o coast_n of_o liefland_n where_o to_o this_o day_n there_o be_v a_o small_a island_n call_v by_o the_o neighbourhood_n die_v run_v however_o let_v the_o ancestor_n of_o the_o modern_a rugian_a nobleman_n be_v what_o they_o will_v they_o have_v this_o good_a mark_n of_o antiquity_n that_o they_o pay_v tithe_n duely_o of_o all_o manner_n of_o grain_n fruit_n wool_n etc._n etc._n then_o any_o people_n in_o germany_n and_o give_v large_a allowance_n and_o more_o respect_n to_o their_o clergy_n men._n the_o rustic_n pay_v easy_a rent_n than_o be_v usual_a in_o other_o place_n and_o therefore_o have_v reason_n to_o give_v as_o they_o common_o do_v that_o respect_n and_o honour_n to_o their_o landlord_n which_o all_o the_o antiquity_n they_o brag_v of_o can_v challenge_v marchionatus_fw-la brandenburgicus_fw-la authore_fw-la olao_n johannis_n gotho_n gustavi_fw-la mag._n r._n s._n cosmographo_fw-la to_z the_o honourable_a s._n r_o lyonel_n jenkins_n judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n this_o map_n be_v humble_o dedicate_v the_o marquisate_n of_o brandenburg_n die_v marck_n which_o be_v now_o a_o word_n common_o use_v in_o germany_n to_o express_v all_o the_o territory_n subject_a to_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n as_o he_o be_v only_a marquis_n of_o the_o empire_n signify_v no_o more_o than_o the_o outmost_a border_n or_o limit_n of_o a_o country_n so_o that_o markgraf_n instead_o of_o which_o we_o use_v the_o french_a word_n marquis_n be_v proper_o judex_n or_o comes_fw-la limitaneus_fw-la which_o we_o may_v english_a lord_z lieutenant_z of_o the_o march_n and_o this_o title_n seem_v reasonable_o enough_o appropriate_v to_o the_o marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n who_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o outmost_a bound_n of_o the_o empire_n may_v possible_o heretofore_o supply_v the_o place_n of_o the_o emperor_n delegate_n in_o hear_v and_o determine_v cause_n as_o well_o as_o oppose_v all_o violent_a incursion_n of_o foreigner_n the_o city_n of_o brandenburg_n which_o lend_v the_o marquis_n his_o title_n and_o be_v once_o the_o metropolis_n of_o these_o part_n be_v now_o decay_a into_o a_o despicable_a village_n of_o which_o the_o reader_n may_v expect_v a_o large_a account_n anon_o when_o we_o come_v to_o the_o description_n of_o the_o middle_a marck_n the_o whole_a marquisate_n which_o dresser_n tell_v we_o be_v seven_o great_a day_n journey_n either_o in_o length_n or_o breadth_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o dukedom_n of_o mecklenburg_n and_o pomeren_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d on_o the_o north-west_n with_o lunenburg_n on_o the_o west_n with_o brunswic_n on_o the_o south-west_n with_o magdeburg_n on_o the_o south_n with_o anhalt_n the_o upper_a saxony_n and_o lusatia_n on_o the_o southeast_n with_o silesia_n on_o the_o east_n with_o poland_n and_o last_o on_o the_o north-east_n with_o prussia_n the_o country_n be_v general_o sandy_a and_o full_a of_o wood_n and_o forest_n afford_v good_a store_n of_o corn_n but_o small_a quantity_n of_o any_o other_o provision_n in_o some_o part_n of_o the_o marquisate_n you_o may_v meet_v with_o good_a flock_n of_o sheep_n but_o rare_o find_v any_o considerable_a herd_n of_o kine_n the_o boar_n near_o francfurt_n brandenburg_n and_o berlin_n brag_v of_o their_o vineyard_n and_o think_v the_o vintage_n they_o have_v yearly_a worth_a the_o toil_n of_o plant_v and_o look_v after_o their_o vine_n but_o their_o neighbour_n have_v not_o so_o good_a a_o opinion_n of_o the_o mean_a liquor_n which_o these_o poor_a man_n boast_v of_o for_o in_o the_o upper_a saxony_n it_o be_v usual_a to_o frighten_v young_a child_n to_o school_n by_o threaten_v to_o make_v they_o drink_v brandenburg_n wine_n and_o this_o proverb_n be_v ordinary_a among_o they_o vinum_fw-la auss_n den_n alten_n marck_n calefacit_fw-la ut_fw-la quarck_n now_o the_o word_n quarck_n in_o their_o dialect_n proper_o signify_v a_o squeeze_a handful_n of_o new_a cheese_n but_o be_v common_o use_v in_o a_o metaphorical_a sense_n to_o denote_v any_o sort_n of_o insipid_a stuff_n whatever_o their_o salt_n be_v bring_v to_o they_o up_o the_o elb_n havel_n and_o spree_n from_o other_o country_n to_o who_o they_o return_v corn_n and_o fish_n the_o two_o chief_a commodity_n of_o this_o province_n the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n territory_n do_v not_o afford_v such_o mine_n of_o silver_n as_o several_a country_n subject_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n mine_n mine_n and_o some_o other_o prince_n of_o the_o empire_n which_o be_v one_o main_a reason_n why_o the_o money_n coin_v in_o this_o marquisate_n be_v much_o base_a metal_n than_o what_o we_o find_v currant_n in_o saxony_n and_o the_o dukedom_n of_o brunswic_n and_o lunenburg_n in_o some_o place_n they_o make_v a_o shift_n to_o dig_v up_o small_a parcel_n of_o brass_n iron_n and_o copper_n but_o scarce_o anywhere_o enough_o to_o supply_v the_o necessary_a occasion_n of_o the_o neighbourhood_n the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o this_o country_n be_v the_o varini_n and_o naithones_n inhabitant_n inhabitant_n two_o branch_n of_o the_o vast_a nation_n of_o the_o suevian_o who_o be_v succeed_v by_o the_o helvoldi_n wilini_fw-la beirani_n and_o some_o other_o tribe_n of_o the_o slavonian_n but_o the_o emperor_n henry_n i._o have_v in_o the_o year_n 620_o conquer_v and_o throw_v out_o the_o great_a part_n of_o these_o people_n bestow_v these_o territory_n upon_o sigefride_n earl_n of_o rengelheim_n who_o with_o some_o of_o his_o successor_n new_o people_v the_o desolate_a country_n with_o golony_n out_o of_o holland_n zealand_n westphalia_n saxony_n and_o franconid_v so_o that_o the_o present_a brandenburger_n be_v a_o mix_a medley_n of_o several_a different_a german_a nation_n as_o may_v easy_o be_v observe_v from_o the_o confusion_n of_o dialect_n which_o make_v up_o the_o language_n of_o this_o people_n the_o generality_n of_o they_o be_v so_o lamentable_o poor_a and_o miserable_a that_o to_o lie_v on_o a_o bed_n of_o clean_a straw_n be_v esteem_v the_o character_n of_o one_o of_o better_a fashion_n than_o his_o neighbour_n soon_o after_o the_o emperor_n henry_n the_o first_o be_v conquest_n of_o brandenburg_n religion_n religion_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v convert_v to_o christianity_n and_o under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o elector_n joachim_n the_o first_o embrace_v the_o tenant_n of_o m._n luther_n in_o this_o state_n they_o continue_v undisturbed_a until_o the_o breach_n betwixt_o george_n william_n father_n of_o the_o present_a elector_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o neuburg_n for_o the_o latter_a have_v marry_v a_o daughter_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o bavaria_n at_o that_o time_n the_o most_o potent_a prince_n of_o the_o popish_a party_n embrace_v the_o tenant_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n fancy_v as_o it_o be_v conjecture_v that_o this_o expedient_a may_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o secure_v the_o aid_n and_o assistance_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n if_o his_o occasion_n shall_v require_v it_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n the_o elector_n marry_v a_o sister_n of_o frideric_n the_o five_o prince_z elector_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhine_n and_o grand_a protector_n of_o the_o calvinist_n adhere_v to_o the_o opinion_n of_o calvin_n hope_v thereby_o to_o engage_v the_o netherlands_o to_o befriend_v he_o upon_o occasion_n but_o when_o afterward_o he_o be_v persuade_v by_o his_o wife_n to_o put_v out_o a_o edict_n for_o suppress_v the_o lutheran_n discipline_n and_o doctrine_n and_o authorise_v the_o calvinian_a throughout_o his_o dominion_n which_o be_v do_v in_o the_o year_n 1615_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o marquisate_n unanimous_o rebel_v against_o he_o and_o have_v probable_o put_v a_o end_n to_o his_o line_n and_o government_n if_o they_o have_v not_o meet_v with_o a_o speedy_a redress_n of_o their_o grievance_n hereupon_o the_o elector_n be_v force_v to_o compose_v the_o business_n by_o revoke_v this_o edict_n and_o set_v forth_o a_o new_a one_o in_o its_o place_n whereby_o it_o be_v order_v that_o the_o form_n of_o divine_a service_n shall_v be_v use_v in_o all_o public_a church_n within_o the_o marquisat_n of_o brandenburg_n according_a to_o the_o institution_n of_o luther_n only_o and_o that_o the_o elector_n with_o his_o marchioness_n and_o those_o few_o more_o that_o be_v of_o their_o opinion_n shall_v not_o be_v permit_v to_o hear_v a_o calvinist_n preacher_n in_o any_o other_o place_n then_o a_o private_a chapel_n however_o these_o mean_n be_v find_v insufficient_a to_o secure_v the_o people_n from_o all_o innovation_n in_o church-discipline_n for_o upon_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o elector_n family_n and_o daily_a conflux_n of_o new_a favourite_n