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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
religion_n	language_n	manner_n	name_n	41,151	5	10.5634	5	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A36106	A new voyage round the world describing particularly the isthmus of America, several coasts and islands in the West Indies, the isles of Cape Verd, the passage by Terra del Fuego, the South Sea coasts of Chili, Peru and Mexico, the isle of Guam one of the Ladrones, Mindanao, and other Philippine and East-India islands near Cambodia, China, Formosa, Luconia, Celebes, &c., New Holland, Sumatra, Nicobar Isles, the Cape of Good Hope, and Santa Hellena : their soil, rivers, harbours, plants, fruits, animals, and inhabitants : their customs, religion, government, trade, &c. / by William Dampier ; illustrated with particular maps and draughts.	Dampier, William, 1652-1715.	1697 (1697)	Wing D161; Wing D165; ESTC R9942	710,236	1,112

us at last the Captain ordered the Drum to be beaten which was done of a sudden with much vigor purposely to scare the poor Creatures They hearing the noise ran away as fast as they could drive and when they ran away in haste they would cry Gurry Gurry speaking deep in the Throat Those Inhabitants also that live on the Main would always run away from us yet we took several of them For as I have already observed they had such bad Eyes that they could not see us till we came close to them We did always give them victuals and let them go again but the Islanders after our first time of being among them did not stir for us When we had been here about a week we hal'd our Ship into a small sandy Cove at a Spring-tide as far as she would sloat and at low Water she was left dry and the sand dry without us near half a mile for the Sea riseth and falleth here about 5 fathom The Flood runs North by East and the Ebb South by West All the Neep-tides we lay wholly a ground for the Sea did not come near us by about a hundred yards We had therefore time enough to clean our Ships bottom which we did very well Most of our Men lay ashore in a Tent where our Sails were mending and our Strikers brought home Turtle and Manatee every day which was our constant food While we lay here I did endeavour to perswade our men to go to some English Factory but was threatened to be turned ashore and left here for it This made me desist and patiently wait for some more convenient place and opportunity to leave them than here Which I did hope I should accomplish in a short time because they did intend when they went from hence to bear down towards Cape Comorin In their way thither they design'd also to visit the Island Cocos which lyeth in Lat. 12 d. 12 m. North by our Drafts hoping there to find of that Fruit the Island having it name from thence CHAP. XVII Leaving New-Holland they pass by the Island Cocos and touch at another Woody Island near it A Land Animal like large Craw-fish Coco-Nuts floating in the Sea The Island Triste bearing Coco's yet over-flown every Spring-tide They anchor at a small Island near that of Nassaw Hog Island and others A Proe taken belonging to Achin Nicobar Island and the rest called by that Name Ambergrease good and bad The manners of the Inhabitants of these Islands They anchor at Nicobar Isle It s Situation Soil and pleasant Mixture of its Bays Trees c. The Melory tree and Fruit used for bread The Natives of Nicobar Island their Form Habit Language Habitations no form of Religion or Government Their Food and Canoas They clean the Ship The Author projects and gets leave to stay ashore here and with him two Englishmen more the Portuguese and 4 Malayans of Achin Their first Rencounters with the Natives Of the common Traditions concerning Cannibals or Man-Eaters Their Entertainment ashore They buy a Canoa to transport them over to Achin but overset her at first going cut Having recruited and improved her they set out again for the East side of the Island They have a War with the Islanders but Peace being re-established they lay in stores and make Preparations for their Voyage MArch the 12th 1688. we sailed from New Holland with the Wind at N. N. W. and fair weather We directed our course to the Northward intending as I said to touch at the Island Cocos but we met with the Winds at N. W. W. N. W. and N N. W. for several days which obliged us to keep a more Easterly course than was convenient to find that Island We had soon after our setting out very bad weather with much Thunder and Lightning Rain and high blustring Winds It was the 26th day of March before we were in the lat of the Island Cocos which is in 12 d. 12 m. and then by judgment we were 40 or 50 leagues to the East of it and the Wind was now at S. W. Therefore we did rather chuse to bear away towards some Islands on the West side of Sumatra than to beat against the Wind for the Island Cocos I was very glad of this being in hopes to make my escape from them to Sumatra or some other place We met nothing of remark in this Voyage beside the catching two great Sharks till the 28th day Then we fell in with a small woody Island in Lat. 10 d. 30 m. Its Longitude from New Holland from whence we came was by my account 12 d. 6 m. West It was deep water about the Island and therefore no anchoring but we sent 2 Canoas ashore one of them with the Carpenters to cut a Tree to make another Pump the other Canoa went to search for fresh water and found a fine small Brook near the S. W. point of the Island but there the Sea fell in on the ashore so high that they could not get it off At noon both our Canoas returned aboard and the Carpenters brought aboard a good Tree which they afterwards made a Pump with such a one as they made at Mindanao The other Canoa brought aboard as many Boobies and Men of War Birds as sufficed all the Ships Company when they were boiled They got also a sort of Land Animal somewhat resembling a large Craw-fish without its great Claws These creatures lived in holes in the dry sandy ground like Rabbits Sir Francis Drake in his Voyage round the world makes mention of such that he found at Ternate or some other of the Spice Islands or near them They were very good sweet Meat and so large that 2 of them were more than a Man could eat being almost as thick as ones Leg. Their Shells were of a dark brown but red when boiled This Island is of a good heighth with steep Cliffs against the S. and S. W. and a sandy Bay on the North side but very deep water steep to the shore The Mold is blackish the Soil fat producing large Trees of divers sorts About one a clock in the Afternoon we made sail from this Island with the wind at S. W. and we steered N. W. Afterwards the winds came about at N. W. and continued between the W. N. W. and the N. N. W. several days I observed that the winds blew for the most part out of the West or N. W. and then we had always rainy weather with Tornadoes and much Thunder and Lightning but when the wind came any way to the Southward it blew but faint and brought fair weather We met nothing of remark till the 7th day of April and then being in Lat. 7 d. S. we saw th●… Land of Sumatra at a great distance bearing North. The 8th day we saw the East end of the Island Sumatra very plainly we being then in Lat. 6 d. S. The 10th day being in Lat. 5 d. 11 m. and about 7

that they have of the Deity is very obscure Yet by the figures which they make representing this God they manifestly shew that they do believe him to excel in sight strength courage and wisdom justice c. For tho their Idols which are made in human shapes are very different in their forms yet they all represent somewhat extraordinary either in the countenance or in the make of the body or limbs Some are very corpulent and fat others are very lean some also have many eyes others as many hands and all grasping somewhat Their aspects are also different and in some measure representing what they are made to imitate or there is somewhat in their hands or lying by them to illustrate the meaning of the Figure Several passions are also represented in the countenance of the Image as love hated joy grief I was told of one Image that was placed sitting on his Hams with his Elbows resting on his Knees and his Chin resting on his 2 Thumbs for the supporting his Head which lookt drooping forwards his Eyes were mournfully lifted up towards Heaven and the figure was so lean and the countenance and whole composure was so sorrowful that it was enough to move the beholder with pity and compassion My Friend said he was much affected with the sight thereof There are other Images also that are in the shape of Beasts either Elephants or Horses for I have not seen them in any other shape The Pagodas or Idol Temples are not sumptuous and magnificent as in some of the Neighbouring Kingdoms They are generally built with Timber and are but small and low yet mostly covered with Pantile especially the City Pagodas But in the Country some of them are thatched I saw the Horse and Elephant Idols only in the Country and indeed I saw none of the Idols in the City Cachao but was told they were generally in humane shapes The Horse and Elephant Images I saw were both sorts about the bigness and height of a good Horse each standing in the midst of a little Temple just big enough to contain them with their heads towards the Door and sometimes one sometimes two together in a Temple which was always open There were up and down in the Country other buildings such as Pagodas or Temples Tombs or the like less than these and not above the heighth of a man but these were always shut so close that I could not see what was within them There are many Pagan Priests belonging to these Pagodas and 't is reported that they are by the Laws tyed up to strict rules of living as abstinence from Women and strong drink especially and enjoin'd a poor sort of Life Yet they don't seem to confine themselves much to these Rules but their subsistance being chiefly from Offerings and there being many of them they are usually very poor The offering to the Priest is commonly 2 or 3 handfuls of Rice a box of Betle or some such like present One thing the people resort to them for is fortune-telling at which they pretend to be very expert and will be much offended if any dispute their skill in that or the truth of their Religion Their Habitations are very little and mean close by the Pagodas where they constantly attend to offer the petitions of the poor people that frequently resort thither on some such errand For they have no set times of Devotion neither do they seem to esteem one day above another except their Annual Feasts The people bring to th Priest in writing what Petition they have to make and he reads it aloud before the Idol and afterwards burns it in an Incense-pot the supplicant all the while lying prostrate on the Ground I think the Mandarins and rich people seldom come to the Pagodas but have a Clerk of their own who reads the Petition in their own Courts or Yards and it should seem by this that the Mandarins have a better sense of the Deity than the common People for in these Yards there is no Idol before whom to perform the Ceremony but 't is done with Eyes lift up to Heaven When they make this Petition they order a great deal of good meat to be drest and calling all their Servants into the Court where the Ceremony is to be performed they place the food on a table where also 2 Incense-pots are placed and then the Mandarin presents a paper to the Clerk who reads it with an audible voice In the first place there is drawn up an ample account of all that God has blest him withal as Health Riches Honour Favour of his Prince c. and long Life if he be old and towards the conclusion there is a Petition to God for a continuance of all these blessings and a farther augmentation of them especially with long life and favour of his Prince which last they esteem as the greatest of all Blessings While this paper is reading the Master kneels down and bows his face down to the Earth and when the Clerk has done reading it he puts it to the burning Rushes that are in the Incense-pot where 't is consumed Then he flings in 3 or 4 little bundles of sacred paper which is very fine and gilded and when that also is burnt he bids his Servants eat the Meat This Relation I had from an English Gentlemen who understood the Language very well and was present at such a Ceremony This burning of paper seems a great Custom among the Eastern Idolaters and in my former Volume I observed the doing so by the Chinese in a sacrifice they had at Bencouli The Tonquinese Language is spoken very much through the throat but many words of it are pronounced through the teeth It has a great affinity to the Chinese Language especially the Fokien dialect as I have been inform'd and tho their words are differently pronounc'd yet they can understand each others writings the characters and words being so near the same The Court Language especially is very near the Chinese for the Courtiers being all Scholars they speak more elegantly and it differs very much from the vulgar corrupted language But for the Malayan Tongue which Monsieur Tavernier's Brother in his History of Tonquin says is the Court Language I could never hear by any person that it is spoken there tho I have made particular enquiry about it neither can I be of his opinion in that matter For the Tonquinese have no manner of Trade with any Malayans that I could observe or learn neither have any of their neighbours and for what other grounds the Tonquinese should receive that language I know not It is not probable that either Conquest Trade or Religion could bring it in nor do they travel towards Malacca but towards China and commonly 't is from one of these causes that men learn the language of another Nation The remarkable smoothness of that Language I confess might excite some people to learn it out of curiosity but the Tonquinese are

their Banks and drown the low Land carrying great Trees into the Sea Thus it continues sometimes a week together before the Sun or Stars appear The fiercest of this weather is in the latter end of July and in August for then the Towns seem to stand in a great Pond and they go from one house to another in Canoas At this time the Water carries away all the filth and nastiness from under their Houses Whilst this tempestuous season lasts the weather is cold and chilly In September the weather is more moderate and the Winds are not so fierce nor the Rain so violent The Air thence-forward begins to be more clear and delightsome but then in the morning there are thick Fogs continuing till 10 or 11 a clock before the Sun shines out especially when it has rained in the night In October the Easterly Winds begin to blow again and bring fair weather till April Thus much concerning the natural state of Mindanao CHAP. XII Of the Inhabitants and Civil State of the Isle of Mindanao The Mindanayans Hilanoones Sologues and Alfoorees Of the Mindanayans properly so called Their Manners and Habits The Habits and Manners of their Women A Comical Custom at Mindanao Their Houses their Diet and Washings The Languages spoken there and transactions with the Spaniards Their fear of the Dutch and seeming desire of the English Their Handy crafts and peculiar sort of Smiths Bellows Their Shipping Commodities and Trade The Mindanao and Manila Tobacco A sort of Leprosie there and other Distempers Their Marriages The Sultan of Mindanao his Poverty Power Family c. The Proes or Boats here Raja Laut the General Brother to the Sultan and his Family Their way of fighting Their Religion Raja Laut's Devotion A Clock or Drum in their Mosques Of their Circumcision and the Solemnity then used Of other their Religious Observations and Superstitions Their abhorrence of Swines Flesh c. THis Island is not subject to one Prince neither is the Language one and the same but the People are much alike in colour strength and stature They are all or most of them of one Religion which is Mahometanism and their customs and manner of living are alike The Mindanao people more particularly so called are the greatest Nation in the Island and trading by Sea with other Nations they are therefore the more civil I shall say but little of the rest being less known to me but so much as hath come to my knowledge take as follows There are besides the Mindanayans the Hilanoones as they call them or the Mountaniers the Sologues and Alfoorees The Hilanoones live in the heart of the Country They have little or no commerce by Sea yet they have Proe's that row with 12 or 14 Oars apiece They enjoy the benefit of the Gold Mines and with their Gold buy foreign Commodities of the Mindanao people They have also plenty of Bees Wax which they exchange for other Commodities The Sologues inhabit the N. W. end of the Island They are the least Nation of all they Trade to Manila in Proe's and to some of the neighbouring Islands but have no commerce with the Mindanao people The Alfoorees are the same with the Mindanayans and were formerly under the subjection of the Sultan of Mindanao but were divided between the Sultan's Children and have of late had a Sultan of their own but having by Marriage contracted an alliance with the Sultan of Mindanao this has occasioned that Prince to claim them again as his Subjects and he made War with them a little after we went away as I afterwards understood The Mindanayans properly so called are men of mean statures small Limbs streight Bodies and little Heads Their Faces are oval their Fore heads flat with black small Eyes short low Noses pretty large Mouths their Lips thin and red their Teeth black yet very sound their Hair black and straight the colour of their Skin rawney but inclining to a brighter yellow than some other Indians especially the Women They have a custom to wear their Thumb-nails very long especially that on their left Thumb for they do never cut it but scrape it often They are indued with good natural Wits are ingenious nimble and active when they are minded but generally very lazy and thievish and will not work except forced by hunger This laziness is natural to most Indians but these people's laziness seems rather to proceed not so much from their natural inclinations as from the severity of their Prince of whom they stand in great awe For he dealing with them very arbitrarily and taking from them what they get this damps their industry so they never strive to have any thing but from hand to mouth They are generally proud and walk very stately They are civil enough to strangers and will easily be acquainted with them and entertain them with great freedom but they are implacable to their Enemies and very revengeful if they are injured frequently poisoning secretly those that have affronted them They wear but few Cloaths their Heads are circled with a short Turbat fringed or laced at both ends it goes once about the head and is tied in a knot the laced ends hanging down They wear Frocks and Breeches but no Stockings nor Shooes The Women are fairer than the Men and their Hair is black and long which they tie in a knot that hangs back in their poles They are more round vifaged than the Men and generally well featured only their Noses are very small and so low between their Eyes that in some of the Female Children the rising that should be between the Eyes is scarce discernable neither is there any sensible rising in their Foreheads At a distance they appear very well but being nigh these Impediments are very obvious They have very small Limbs They wear but two Garments a Frock and a sort of Petticoat the Petticoat is only a piece of Cloth sowed both ends together but it is made 2 foot too big for their Wastes so that they may wear either end uppermost that part that comes up to their Wastes because it is so much too big they gather it in their Hands and twist it till it sits close to their Wastes tucking in the twisted part between their Waste and the edge of the Petticoat which keeps it close The Frock sits loose about them and reaches down a little below the Waste The Sleeves are a great deal longer than their Arms and so small at the end that their Hands will scarce go through Being on the Sleeve sits in folds about the wrist wherein they take great pride The better sort of people have their garments made of long Cloath but the ordinary sort wear Cloth made of Plantain-tree which they call Saggen by which Name they call the Plantain They have neither Stocking nor Shooe and the Women have very small Feet The Women are very desirous of the company of Strangers especially of White Men and doubtless would be very

familiar if the Custom of the Country did not debar them from that freedom which seems coveted by them Yet from the highest to the lowest they are allowed liberty to converse with or treat Strangers in the sight of their Husbands There is a kind of begging Custom at Mindanao that I have not met elsewhere with in all my Travels and which I believe is owing to the little Trade they have which is thus When Strangers arrive here the Mindanao Men will come aboard and invite them to their Houses and inquire who has a Comrade which word I believe they have from the Spaniards or a Pagally and who has not A Comrade is a familiar Male-friend a Pagally is an innocent Platonick Friend of the other Sex All Strangers are in a manner oblig'd to accept of this Acquaintance and Familiarity which must be first purchased with a small Present and afterwards confirmed with some Gift or other to continue the Acquaintance and as often as the Stranger goes ashore he is welcome to his Comrade or Pagally s House where he may be entertained for his Money to eat drink or sleep and complimented as often as he comes ashore with Tobacco and Betel-nut which is all the Entertainment he must expect gratis The richest Mens Wives are allowed the freedom to converse with her Pagally in publick and may give or receive Presents from him Even the Sultans and the Generals Wives who are always coopt up will yet look out of their Cages when a Stranger passeth by and demand of him if he wants a Pagally and to invite him to their Friendship will send a Present of Tobacco and Betel-nut to him by their Servants The chiefest City on this Island is called by the same Name of Mindanao It is seated on the South side of the Island in lat 7 d. 20 m. N. on the banks of a small River about 2 mile from the Sea The manner of building is somewhat strange yet generally used in this part of the East Indies Their Houses are all built on Posts about 14 16 18 or 20 foot high These Posts are bigger or less according to the intended Magnificence of the Superstructure They have but one floor but many partitions or rooms and a ladder or stairs to go up out of the streets The roof is large and covered with Palmeto or Palm-leaves So there is a clear passage like a Piazza but a filthy one under the House Some of the poorer People that keep Ducks or Hens have a fence made round the posts of their Houses with a door to go in and out and this under-room serves for no other use Some use this place for the common draught of their Houses but building mostly close by the River in all parts of the Indies they make the River receive all the filth of their Houses and at the time of the Land-floods all is washed very clean The Sultans House is much bigger than any of the rest It stands on about 180 great Posts or Trees a great deal higher than the common Building with great broad stairs made to go up In the first room he hath about 20 Iron Guns all Saker and Minion placed on Field-Carriages The General and other great Men have some Guns also in their Houses About 20 paces from the Sultan's House there is a small low House built purposely for the Reception of Ambassadors or Merchant Strangers This also stands on Posts but the floor is not raised above 3 or 4 foot above the ground and is neatly matted purposely for the Sultan and his Council to sit on for they use no Chairs but sit cross-legg'd like Taylors on the floor The common Food at Mindanao is Rice or Sago and a small Fish or two The better sort eat Buffalo or Fowls ill drest and abundance of Rice with it They use no Spoons to eat their Rice but every Man takes a handful out of the Platter and by wetting his Hand in Water that it may not stick to his Hand squeezes it into a lump as hard as possibly he can make it and then crams it into his mouth They all strive to make these lumps as big as their mouths can receive them and seem to vie with each other and glory in taking in the biggest lump so that sometimes they almost choak themselves They always wash after meals or if they touch any thing that is unclean for which reason they spend abundance of Water in their Houses This Water with the washing of their Dishes and whatother filth they make they pour down near their Fire-place for their Chambers are not boarded but floored with split Bamboos like Laths so that the Water presently falls underneath their dwelling rooms where it breeds Maggots and makes a prodigious stink Besides this filthiness the sick people ease themselves and make water in their Chambers there being a small hole made purposely in the floor to let it drop through But healthy sound people commonly ease themselves and make water in the River For that reason you shall always see abundance of people of both Sexes in the River from morning till night some easing themselves others washing their bodies or cloaths If they come into the River purposely to wash their cloaths they strip and stand naked till they have done then put them on and march out again both men and women take great delight in swimming and washing themselves being bred to it from their Infancy I do believe it is very wholsome to wash mornings and evenings in these hot Countries at least 3 or 4 days in the week for I did use my self to it when I lived afterwards at Ben-cooly and found it very refreshing and comfortable It is very good for those that have Fluxes to wash and stand in the River mornings and evenings I speak it experimentally for I was brought very low with that distemper at Achin but by washing constantly mornings and evenings I found great benefit and was quickly cured by it In the City of Mindanao they spake two Languages indifferently their own Mindanao Language and the Malaya but in other parts of the Island they speak only their proper Language having little Commerce abroad They have Schools and instruct the Children to read and write and bring them up in the Mahometan Religion Therefore many of the words especially their Prayers are in Arabick and many of the words of civility the same as in Turkey and especially when they meet in the morning or take leave of each other they express themselves in that Language Many of the old people both Men and Women can speak Spanish for the Spaniards were formerly settled among them and had several Forts on this Island and then they sent two Friers to this City to convert the Sultan of Mindanao and his people At that time these people began to learn Spanish and the Spaniards incroached on them and endeavoured to bring them into subjection and probably before this time had brought them all under

China root Galingame Rhubarb Ginger c. Neither do I know whether any of these grow in this Country for they are mostly imported from their Neighbours tho as to the Ginger I think it grows there Here is also a sort of Fruit or Berry said to grow on small Bushes called by the Dutch Annise because its scent and taste is strong like that of the Anniseed This Commodity is only exported hence by the Dutch who carry it to Batavia and there distil it among their Arack to give it an Anniseed flavour This sort of Arack is not fit to make Punch with neither is it used that way but for want of plain Arack It is only used to take a Dram of by itself by the Dutch chiefly who instead of Brandy will swallow large Doses of it tho it be strong but 't is also much used and esteemed all over the East Indies There is one sort of Dying wood in this Country much like the Campeachy Log-wood tho whether the same or Wood of greater value I know not I have heard that 't is called Sappan Wood and that it comes from Siam It was smaller than what we usually cut in the Bay of Campeachy for the biggest stick that I saw here was no bigger than my Leg and most of it much smaller and crooked They have other sorts of Dyes but I can give no account of them They dye several colours here but I have been told they are not lasting They have many sorts of good tall Timber-trees in this Country fit for any sorts of building but by relation none very durable For Masting the Fir and Pone Trees are the best Here is much Wormseed but it grows not in this Kingdom It is brought from within the Land from the Kingdom of Boutan or from the Province of Yunam bordering on this Kingdom yet belonging to China From thence comes the Musk and Rhubarb and these 3 Commodities are said to be peculiar to Boutan and Yunam The Musk grows in the Cods of Goats The same Countries yield Gold also and supply this Country with it for whatever Gold Mines the Tonquinese are said to have in their own Mountains yet they don't work upon them With all these rich Commodities one would expect the people to be rich but the generality are very poor considering what a Trade is driven here For they have little or no Trade by Sea themselves except for eatables as Rice and Fish which is spent in the Country but the main Trade of the Country is maintained by the Chinese English Dutch and other Merchant Strangers who either reside here constantly or make their annual returns hither These export their Commodities and import such as are vendible here The Goods imported hither besides Silver are Salt-peter Sulphur English Broad-cloath Cloathrashes some Callicoes Pepper and other Spices Lead great Guns c. but of Guns the long Saker is most esteemed For these Commodities you receive Money or Goods according to contract but the Country is so very poor that as I formerly observed the Merchant commonly stays 3 or 4 months for his Goods after he has paid for them because the poor are not employ'd till Ships arrive in the Country and then they are set to work by the Money that is brought thither in them The King buys great Guns and some pieces of Broad cloath but his pay is so bad that Merchants care not to deal with him could they avoid it But the trading people by all accounts are honest and just that I heard a man say who had traded there ten years in which time he dealt for many thousands of pounds that he did not in all that time lose 10 l. by them all CHAP IV. Of the Government of Tonquin The 2 Kings Boua and Choua the Revolt of the Cochinchinese and Original of the present constitution at Tonquin Of the Boua's confinement and the Choua 's or ruling Kings Person and Government and the Treasure Elephants and Artillery Their manner of making Gunpowder Of the Soldiers their Arms Employment c. Of the Naval Force their fine Gallies and Management of them The Watch kept in their Towns their Justice and punishing of Debtors and Criminals of all sorts Of the Eunuch Mandarins their promotion and Dispositions Of their swearing upon a draught of Hens Blood and the Trial by bitter Waters in Guinea Of the Mandarins Entertainments The Chop sticks used at Meals and their kindness to Strangers THis Kingdom is an absolute Monarchy but of such a kind as is not in the world again for it has two Kings and each supreme in his particular way The one is called Boua the other Choua which last name I have been told signifies Master The Boua and his Ancestors were the sole Monarchs of Tonquin tho I know not whether as independent Soveraigns or as Tributaries to China of which they have been thought to have been a Frontier Province if not a Colony for there is a great affinity between them in their Language Religion and Customs These a Kings they have at present are not any way related in their Descent or Families nor could I learn how long their Government has continued in the present form but it appears to have been for some successions The occasion is variously reported but some give this account of it The Boua's or antient Kings of Tonquin were formerly Masters of Cochinchina and kept that Nation in subjection by an Army of Tonquinese constantly kept there under a General or Deputy who ruled them When Cochinchina threw off the Tonquinese Yoak the King had two great Generals one in Cochinchina and another in Tonquin itself These two Generals differing he who was in Cochinchina revolted from his Soveraign of Tonquin and by his power over the Army there made himself King of Cochinchina since which these two Nations have always been at Wars yet each Nation of late is rather on the defensive part than on the offensive But when the General who Commanded in Cochinchina had been thus successful in his revolt from under the Boua the Tonquinese General took the Courage to do so too and having gained the affections of his Army deprived the King his Master of all the Regal power and kept it with all the Revenues of the Crown in his own hands yet leaving the other the Title of King probably because of the great zeal the people had for that Family And thus the Kingdom came wholly into the power of this Tonquinese General and his Heirs who carry the Title of Choua the Boua's of the antient Family having only the shadow of that Authority they were formerly Masters of The Boua lives the life of a kind of a Prisoner of State within the old Palace with his Women and Children and diverts himself in Boats among his Fish-ponds within the Palace Walls but never stirs without those bounds He is held in great veneration by all the Tonquinese and seemingly by the Choua also who never offers any

great deal less The outside rind or shell is a little thicker than that of the Pomgranate but softer yet more brittle and and is of a dark red The inside of the shell is of a deep crimson colour Within this shell the Fruit appears in 3 or 4 Cloves about the bigness of the top of a man's thumb These will easily separate each from the other they are as white as Milk very soft and juicy inclosing a small black Stone or Kernel The outside rind is said to be binding and therefore many when they eat the Fruit which is very delicious do save the rind or shell drying it and preserving it to give to such as have Fluxes In a small Book entitled A new Voyage to the East Indies there is mention made of Mangastans among the Fruits of Java but the Author is mistaken in that he compares it to a Sloe in shape and taste Yet I remember there is such a sort of Fruit at Achin and believe by the description he gives of it it may probably be the same that he calls the Mangastan tho nothing like the true Mangastan The Pumple-nose is a large Fruit like a Citron with a very thick tender uneven rind The inside is full of Fruit it grows all in cloves as big as a small Barly-corn and these are all full of juice as an Orange or a Lemon tho not growing in such partitions 'T is of a pleasant taste and tho there are of them in other parts of the East Indies yet these at Achin are accounted the best They are ripe commonly about Christmas and they are so much esteemed that English men carry them from hence to Fort St George and make presents of them to their Friends there The other Fruits mentioned here are most of them described by me in my first Volume The eatable Roots of this Country are Yams and Potatoes c. but their chiefest bread kind is Rice The Natives have lately planted some quantities of this Grain and might produce much more were they so disposed the Land being so fruitful They have here a sort of Herb or Plant called Ganga or Bang I never saw any but once and that was at some distance from me It appeared to me like Hemp and I thought it had been Hemp till I was told to the contrary It is reported of this Plant that if it is infused in any Liquor it will stupify the brains of any person that drinks thereof but it operates diversly according to the constitution of the person Some it makes sleepy some merry putting them into a Laughing fit and others it makes mad but after 2 or 3 hours they come to themselves again I never saw the effects of it on any person but have heard much discourse of it What other use this Plant may serve for I know not but I know it is much esteemed here and in other places too whither it is transported This Country abounds also with Medicinal Drugs and Herbs and with variety of Herbs for the Pot. The chief of their Drugs is Camphire of which there are quantities found on this Island but most of it either on the borders of this Kingdom to the Southward or more remote still without the precincts of it This that is found on the Island Sumatra is commonly sent to Japan to be refined and then brought from thence pure and transported whither the Merchants please afterwards I know that here are several sorts of Medicinal Herbs made use of by the Natives who go often a simpling seeming to understand their Virtues much and making great use of them but this being wholly out of my sphere I can give no account of them and tho here are plenty of Pot Herbs yet I know the names of none but Onions of which they have great abundance and of a very good sort but small There are many other very profitable Commodities on this Island but some of them are more peculiar to other parts of it than Achin especially Pepper All the Island abounds with that Spice except only this North West end at least so much of it as is comprehended within the Kingdom of Achin Whether this defect is through the negligence or laziness of these people I know not Gold also is found by report in many parts of this Island but the Kingdom of Achin is at present most plentifully stored with it Neither does any place in the East Indies that I know of yield such quantities of it as this Kingdom I have never been at Japan and therefore can make no estimate of the great riches of that Kingdom but here I am certain there is abundance of it The Land Animals of this Country are Deer Hogs Elephants Goats Bullocks Buffaloes Horses Porcupines Monkeys Squirrils Guanoes Lizards Snakes c. Here are also abundance of Ants of several sorts and Woodlice called by the English in the East Indies White Ants. The Elephants that I saw here were all tame yet 't is reported there are some wild but I judge not many if any at all In some places there are plenty of Hogs they are all wild and commonly very poor At some times of the year when the wild Fruits fall from the Trees they are indifferent fat or at least fleshy and then they are sweet and good they are very numerous and whether for that reason or scarcity of food it is very rare to find them fat The Goats are not very many neither are there many Bullocks but the Savannahs swarm with Buffaloes belonging to some or other of the Inhabitants who milk them and eat them but don 't work them so far as I saw The Horses of this Country are but small yet sprightly and sometimes they are transported hence to the Coast of Coromandel The Porcupines and Squirrels are accounted good food by the English but how they are esteemed by the Natives I know not The Fowls of this Country are Dunghil Fowls and Ducks but I know of no other tame Fowls they have In the Woods there are many sorts of wild Fowls viz. Maccaws Parrots Parakites Pigeons and Doves of 3 or 4 sorts There are plenty of other small Birds but I can say nothing of them The Rivers of this Country afford plenty of Fish The Sea also supplys divers sorts of very good Fish viz. Snooks Mullets Mudfish Eels Stingrays which I shall describe in the Bay of Campeachy Ten pounders Old Wives Cavallies Craw-fish Shrimps c. The Natives of this Country are Malayans They are much the same people with those of Queda Jihore and other places on the Continent of Malacca speaking the same Malayan Language with very little difference and they are of the same Mahometan Religion and alike in their haughty humour and manner of living so that they seem to have been originally the same people They are people of a middle stature straight and well shaped and of a dark Indian copper colour Their Hair is black and lank their Faces generally pretty

large bodied straight and tall they are of divers sorts some or other of them fit for any uses The Fruits of the Country are much the same as at Achin and Malacca viz. Limes Oranges Guava's Plantains Bonanoes Coco-Nuts Jacks Durians Mangoes Mangastans Pompkins Pine-apples and Pepper The Roots are Yams and Potatoes Rice grows here pretty well also but whether the Natives sow enough for their own spending or no I know not The Land Animals are Buffaloes Bullocks Deer Wild Hogs Porcupines Guanoes Lizards c. The tame Fowls are Ducks and Dung-hill Fowls both in great plenty The wild Fowl are Parrots Parakites Pidgeons Turtle-Dowes and many sorts of smaller Birds The Natives also are swarthy Indians like their Neighbours of Achin They are slender straight active and industrious They are sociable and desirous of Trade but if they are affronted they are treacherous and revengeful They live together in Towns and speak the Malayan Language conforming themselves in their habit food and customs to other Malayans who are all so far as I learnt of the Mahometan Religion There are some Mechanicks among them a few Smiths but most of them are Carpenters and let themselves out to hire to the English at the Fort. The Hatchets they work with are such as they use at Mindanao so contrived as to serve also for an Ads. Here are also Fishermen who get a livelihood by Fishing and there are several sorts of Fish on the Coast besides plenty of Green Turtle such of the Malayans as live near the English Fort are usually employed in the East India Companies service to work for them but the Country people are most Husband-men They plant Roots Rice Pepper bushes c. Pepper is the chief vendible Commodity in this Country It thrives very well on all the Coast but the greatest quantity of what is exported from hence is either brought down this River out of the Country or fetched from Sillabar or other places bordering en the Sea in small Vessels Pepper grows plenty in other places of this Island as at Indrapore Pangasanam Jamby Bancalis c. It grows also on the Island Java on the Coasts of Malacca Malabar Cochinchina c. The Coast of Malabar is said to produce the best or at least there the Natives take most care to have the best by letting it grow till it is full ripe for which reason it is larger and fairer than here where they gather it too soon to avoid losing any for as soon as it grows ripe 't is apt to shed and fall in waste to the ground It was the Pepper Trade that drew our English Merchants to settle here For after Bantam was lost our English who were wont to trade thither for this Spice were at a great loss to regain the Pepper Trade which now was in a manner fallen with the other sorts of Spice into the hands of the Dutch Tho the Pepper which we were wont to fetch from Bantam did not all grow on ths Island Java nor perhaps the tenth part of it for as I have been informed it came most from Sumatra particularly from Bencouli and the adjacent parts For this reason it behoved our Merchants to get an Interest here to prop up their declining Trade Yet as I have been told the success was more owing to the Natives of this place than themselves for that some of the Raja's of the Country sent Ambassadors to Fort St. George to invite the English hither to take possession before the Dutch should get it who are never slack to promote their Interest and were now setting out on the same design But however that were the English had the good fortune to get hither first though so narrowly that the Dutch were within an ace of preventing them their Ships being in sight before our Men got ashore But the Dutch coming thus too late were put by of their designs for the English immediately got ashore some Guns and stood ready to defend their interest This might happen about the year 1685 as I was informed for they told me it was 5 or 6 years before I came hither and the English immediately fortified themselves The Fort as I said before fronts to the Sea and stands about 100 paces from the River There has been a great deal of cost bestowed on it but to little purpose for 't is the most irregular piece I ever saw I told the Governor the best way was to new Model it and face it with Stone or Brick either of which might be easily had He said he liked my Counsel but being saving for the Company he rather chose to repair it by the making some Alterations but still to as little purpose for 't was all made ground and having no facing to keep it up 't would moulder away every Wet Season and the Guns often fall down into the Ditches What was possible to be done I endeavoured to do while I was there I made the Bastions as regular as I could upon the Model they were made by and whereas the Fort was designed to be a Pentagone and there were but 4 of the Bastions made I staked out ground for a 5th and drew a Plan of it which I gave the Government and had I staid longer I should have made up the other Bastion but the whole Plan is too big by half for so sorry a Garrison and the best way of mending it is to demolish all of it and make a new one The Fort was but sorrily governed when I was there nor was there that care taken to keep a fair Correspondence with the Natives in the Neighbourhood as I think ought to be in all Trading places especially When I came thither there were 2 Neighbouring Raja's in the Stocks for no other Reason but because they had not brought down to the Fort such a quantity of Pepper as the Governor had sent for Yet these Raja's rule in the Countrey and have a considerable number of Subjects who were so exasperated at these insolences that as I have since been informed they came down and assaulted the Fort under the Conduct of one of these Raja's But the Fort as bad as it is is Guard enough against such indifferent Souldiers as they are who tho they have Courage enough yet scarce any Arms besides Back-Swords Cressets and Lances nor skill to use Artillery if they had it At another time they made an attempt to surprize the Fort under Pretence of a Cock match to which they hoped the Garrison would come out to share in the Sport and so the Fort be left with small defence For the Malayans here are great Lovers of Cock-fighting and there were about 1000 of them got together about this Match while their armed Men lay in ambush But it so hapened that none of the Garrison went out to the Cockmatch but one John Necklin a Dane who was a great Gamester himself and he discovering the Ambush gave notice of it to the Governor who was in disorder enough

Marmalade Molosso's Negro's Oil Pitch Quick-silver Silver Soap Spice Tallow Tea Timber Tin Wine See Manufactures C. Comerin its Winds W. 20. Company E. India see Dutch English Compass see Azimuth Winds flying round it W. 58. see Tornado's Complexion of People Coal-black face and body O. 464. dark Copper-Colour 7. 32. 170. 297. S. 128. 181. C. 31. 115. Indians generally so ib. O. 297. very dark 427 537. VV. 110. Ashy O. 407. dark Tawny 395. C. 115. W. 108. light Tawny or Yellow O. 326. 454. S. 40. the VVomen of a brighter Yellow than the Men O. 326. 454. Compostella in Mexico d. O. 269. its Gold and Silver Mines 266 9. its Merchants and Silver refin'd there ib. Comrade who so call'd at Mindanao O. 327 8. 358. 365. see Pagally Conception R. O. 22. a Wood there dying like Logwood C. 58. Conch-shells said to make China-Ware O. 409. C. Condecedo d. C. 10 1 2 4. 6. 42. its Winds W. 32 4. 43 4. and VVeather 82. Pulo Condore its Commodious Scituation O. 394. Course by it S. 6. the Harbour Channel Trees Fruits Tar and Animals d. 385 9. to 394. Cochinchinese Inhabitants 394 8. their Persons 395. VVomen Prostitutes ib. Trade ib. S. 8. Language O. 394. Religion 396. an old Pilot there 398. 400. Congo R. O. 7. 15. d. 193. Conies where VV. 109. Indian Coneys see Racoons Cookery what and where O. 79. 294. 313 4. 329. 357 9. 429. 430. 473 4. 488 9. 490. S. 27 8. 30 1. 129. C. 18. Coolecan R. Cullacan O. 264. A rich T. by it trading for Pearl ib. Cooting or engendring time of Turtle see Turtle Copper-rings a Commodity where C. 119. C. Coquibocoa its Currents VV. 101. Coquimbo whence its Timber O. 140. Coral-bank where O. 50. Cordage what and where O. 223. 294 5. Cordial of Snakes and Scorpions where us'd S. 53. C. Corrientes in Mexico its VVinds and how and when to be made O. 245. 257. d. 256 to 261. its Longitude 256. C. Corrientes in Peru d. O. 174. C. Corrientes of Cuba C. 9. 29. 30 1. its Currents VV. 101. C. Corrientes of Africa its VVinds VV. 19. Cormorants d. and where C. 69. 71. Corn where O. 75. 99. 114. 253. See Barley Guinea-Corn Maiz Millet Rice VVheat Corn Islands and their Indians d. O. 31 2. Coromandel its low Anchoring Coasts O. 425. VVinds VV. 48. Storms 73 4. VVeather 83. Famines and Sale of VVives and Children S. 37 8. 50. 130. see Catamarans See Cunnimere Fort St. George Pallacat Ponticherri Trangambar Coronada Mount or Crown-land d. O. 256. Corpus Sant a Meteor and what a sign of O. 414 5. Corroso a Bird where O. 39. C. 65. 118. d. C. 67. Bones poiscnous ib. C. Corso its Rains VV. 52. Variation and Tides 53. Corunna the Groin bad Beef there why S. 31. Costa Rica its Cacao O. 59. Cotton Shrub Cotton and Cloath where O. 165. 384. 426 7. S. 42. C. 46. 115. where a Commodity S. 145. Cotton-tree vast and soft where found and its kinds d. O. 85. 154 5. it s Down of little use ib. Capt. covant's Letters to the A. VV. 54 7. Countenance of People where stern and hard-favoured O. 7. 44. 170. 297. 464. Graceful 326. 470 8. S. 128. See Face Feature Courses steer'd or to be steer'd what where and why O. 4. 77 8 9. 119. 135 8 9. 147. 167. 171. 184 5. 193. 201. 211. 245. 281 3 5 6 7 9. 351 2. 378 9. 421. 439 440 2 3 6 8. 450 1 3 8 9. 460 1 2. 527. 531. 549. S. 6. 10. 109. C. 28 9. 30 1. 125 6. VV. 7. 8. 18. 23 5. 33 9. 40. 51 3 5 6. 101 2 5 6. Courtiers all Learned how and where S. 39. Courts of Judicature where none S. 80. Cows see Beeves Mountain-Cow see Ante. Sea Cows see Manatee Cozumel I. C. 9. 29. Crabs Sea where S. 27. C. 70. Crabs Land where O. 473. S. 27. d. C. 32 3. when poisonous 32. Crabcatchers Birds where S. 26. d. C. 69. 70. Craw-fish where S. 27. 128. Crawls what and where O. 168 9. C. 33. 98. see Hogs Creeks how caus'd O. 422 3 4 5. see Harbours Cressets what and where us'd O. 337. 400 1. S. 140. 176. Criole's who so call'd O. 68. Crockadore Bird like a Parrot where O. 458. Crocodiles where C. 30 3. 74 5. d. and how they differ from Alligators 74 5 6. and their Eggs 75. their boldness 33. 76. greedy of Dogs and terrible to them ib. Carrion-Crows see Carrion Chattering-Crows see Black-Birds La Vera Cruz and St. John d' Ulloa C. 45. 120 1. d. 124 5. Course thence VV. 105. its Communication and Trade C. 120 1 5. O. 180 5. 244. 261. 277. taken by Privateers C. 126. Hawks-bill Turtle O. 104. Old Vera Cruz d. C. 127. C. de Cruz in Cuba its Currents W. 101. Venta de Cruzes O. 185. Cuba I. C. 9. 29. 30 1 3 4. its Savannahs O. 87. its Beeves and Hog-Crawls 168. C. 33. 98. Commodities O. 45. 227. Weather W. 85. Currents 105. see C. Antonio C. de Cruz C. Corrientes I. of Pines and S. Keys of Cuba C. 31. d. W. 36. Winds ib. stor'd with Fish and flesh C. 37. O. 33. 106 7. Cubebs where S. 138. Cudda Queda good Trade O. 495. Use of Oil there 537. Cunnimere an English Factory in Coromandel O. 509. Cups of Coco-Nut O. 294. see Calabash Cure of Amputations 138 9. of Leg-worms a strange one C. 90 1. of Diseases see Alligators Cods Bathing Cam-chain Herbs Mangastan Sago Sands hot Vine-wild Curlews great and small d. C. 69. 70. Currasao or Querisao a Dutch I. O. 45. d. 46. W. 40. its Currents 101 4. desir'd but mist by the French O. 47. 50. Currents their kinds courses c. d. W. 100 to 108. soaking and Counter-Currents what 104. influenc'd by Trade-Winds 90. 100 3. strengthen'd by a contrary Wind O. 401. forward or retard the Log 290. how they differ from Tides W. 90. 100. what and where 4. 20. 32 3. 51 5 6 7. O. 57. 139. 290. 401 5. 462. 494. S. 156. C. 26 9. Curtana's what and where us'd O. 400. S. 70. 80. Customs O. 327. see Arts and Artificers Begging Children Cloaths Cookery Cure Dancing Drink Entertainments Feasts Fighting Fishing Food Funeral Gaming Government Hunting Houses Husbandry Learning Manners Marriage Ornaments Religion Shipping Singing Slaves Trades VVashing Women VVriting D. Dammer a sort of Pitch and Pigment where O. 514. Dampier his Education and first Voyages to France Newfoundland and Bantam and back to England C. 1. 2. 3. S. 123 4. W. 4. 5. to Jamaica C. 4. 7. 8. and Campeachy 9 to 17. he returns 19. is in danger of the Spaniards 20. 34 5. of shipwreck 22 3 6. and starving at Sea 36 7 8. but recovers Jamaica 38 9. His second Voyage to Campeachy and cutting of Logwood 41. 82 3 7 8 9. 91. 128. 130 1. his danger from a Snake 63. Alligators 82. 100. a Leg-worm strangely cur'd 89. 90 1 lofing in

Laut 401 2. Oppressive S. 85. false and perverse said to be 95. contrary to O. 477. Thievish ib. S. 50. 128. 138 9. O. 76. 318. 326. 356. Over-reaching 365 9. 370. VVheedling and Dissembling 358 9. 362 7. Begging 327 8. 365 9. 370. but modestly 433. Low-spirited S. 42. Gaming ib. see Gaming Nasty in Diet see Cookery in Habit O. 537 8 9. Drinking hard 10. 369. 433. VVanton and Pimps S. 85 Prostituting of VVomen see VVomen Unnatural see Parents Children VVives Mixt Melancholy and thoughtful O. 127. C. 116. Injurious O. 9. 11. 46 7 8 9. subtle S. 60. 138 9. in awe of Princes severity O. 326. Fierce bold and Savage O. 38. 41. 167. 401 2. less than reported 484 5 6. easily amus'd 484. Loving Trade see Indians Malayans Fearful of Europeans and soon frighted 309. 435. 467 9. 488. not liking the same House with Strangers 482 6. nor to drink after them 501. see Mahometans Allowing them a general Conversation with their Women 327 8. 367 8. yet jealous 367. 374. loving to be visited S. 84. living in Common O. 465. from hand to mouth ib. 326. ignorant of working 468. Natural Qualities see Qualifications Manta d. O. 135. touch'd at by Panama Ships ib. Manufactures see Callico's Cloth Earthen-ware Lacker-ware Fans Leather Molosso's Muslins Palmeto-works Pitch Salt Silks Soap Stockings Sugar VVine See Commodities Maracaybo Gulph its Breezes VV. 3. VVeather 82 3. The Galleons and Barlaventa-Fleet touch there O. 185. C. 126. Marble Rocks where S. 19. 20. Margarita I. its Currents VV. 102. Pearl-Oysters O. 173. The Armada and Barlaventa-Fleet touch there 185. C. 126. Maria's Isles d. O. 274 5 6. Maria I. of the Ladrones see Guam Sancta Maria R. T. and Gold Mines d. O. 158 9. 175. 193 4 5. taken by Privateers Intr. III. quitted to them 191 5. V. Mary's Image a celebrated one O. 42. one taken 99. see Saints Marks and Makings of Land off at Sea O. 42. 59. 77. 82. 94 5. 111 2 8 9. 120 2. 131 3 6. 147. 172 4. 216. 225. 230 1 2 3 9. 242 4 8. 251 2 5 6 7. 261 2 3 6 7. 275 9. 291. 309. 379. 382 4 5 9. 390. 416. 447 8. 454 9. 460. 530 1. S. 9. 10 1. 121. 158 9. 179. 180. C. 16. VV. 56. 85. Markets and Provision what and where S. 30. 129. 136. 162 3. Marmalade a Commodity where O. 44. 99. 174. Port Marquis d. O. 247. Marriages early C. 114 5. Feasts O. 334. VV. 111 2. Sancta Martha and its High-land d. O. 42. low Coasts to the E. and VV. 424. Rains 44. Breezes and Course VV. 40. Stock-fish wood C. 58. the Galleons and Barlaventa-Fleet touch there 126. O. 185. St. Martin's High-land d. C. 16. 42. 123. Breezes VV. 34. 43. Don Mascarin's I. or English Forrest its Land-Tortoise O. 102. Masking us'd in Churches where O. 127. C. 115. Massaclan d. O. 265. Masts of Ships O. 394. 412 3. S. 64. 171 2. see Timber Trees Mathematicks learnt where S. 60. Matique Gulph O. 225 7. Maws of Goats eaten how and where O. 429. 430. Maxentelbo Rock d. O. 267. Mayo I. of the C. Verd's d. and its Governour trepan'd O. 75. Meangis Isles O. 347. Commodities 350. 512 3 4. the Inhabitants their Painting Ornaments Food c. 514 5 6 7. see Jeoly Mechanicks S. 41. 60. 130 6. 181. see Artificers Melinde Bay Calms there VV. 20. Melons where O. 222. S. 23. Musk-Melons 124. O. 302. 311. VVater-Melons 134. 302. 311. 418. 420. S. 124. 163. Melory tree fruit and Bread O. 478. 480 8 9. 490. Men see Bodies Customs Government Manners Ornaments Religion VVomen Merchants at Tonquin S. 39. 51. 65. Achin 122 3. 134 5. Malacca 162 4. Free who so call'd O. 317. S. 135 6. Merga in Siam a Massacre of the English there S. 151. Merida in Jucatan d. C. 14. 113. Meschasipi R. Breezes near it VV. 34. Mess a Gold Coin what and where O. 504. S. 132. Mexico Kingdom and VV. Coast of it where low O. 425. its Trade-winds VV. 12. 25. Breezes 38. VVeather 83. Currents 108. small Green Turtle O. 107. Oysters 177. fishing 243. little Shipping or Trade at Sea 243 4. 251. 267. most within Land and by Land-Carriage 260 1. 277. Silver 269. People thin at the Coast and poor 250 1 5 7 8. 261. see Indians VV. Rich and pleasant parts of it see Colima Guatimala Valderas For other places d. see the Map O. 24. and New Mexico mutinous Indians and rich Mines conceal'd O. 272 3. C. 54. Spanish Trade how far O. 225. see the Map 24. Mexico Bay and its Coast Trade-winds VV. 15. Breezes 34. 40. Storms d. 60 to 5. Currents 105. Oyster-bank near it C. 28. its Main Port 125. Course of its Plate and Barlaventa-Fleet ib. O. 180. see Alvarado La Vera Cruz Guaxaca Haniago Meschasipi Panuk Sacrificios Tompeque See Campeachy Jucatan Florida it s Indians no great Friends to the Spaniards C. 122. Mexico City Passengers and Ports to it O. 185. 244 5. 255. Salted Shrimps a Commodity there C. 127 8. Mice where C. 63. St. Michaels Gulph O. 5. d. 193. VVeather VV. 83. Tides 93 5. St. Michaels Mount and T. d. O. 122 3. Milk four Tire for Fluxes S. 148. of Almonds ib. drank ordinarily where VV. III. Mindanao d. Coasts Towns Rivers Harbours Soil c. O. 309. 310. 346 7 8 9. 357 8. 362 7. 9. 378 9. 384. VVeather and VVinds 321 2 3. 346 7 8. 353 4 7. 360. 370. VV. 39. Floods O. 360. City R. and Houses on Posts c. 328 9. 330. 346 8 9. 357 8. 360 2 5. 479. S. 180. Plenty O. 305. Vegetables 310 1. 315 6. 320. 347 8. 511. Animals 33. 320 1. 346 7 8. 358. 364 5 8 9. 378 9. 381. 515. Ship-worms 362 3. Arts Manufactures and Utensils 315. 327. 331 2. 360. 515. S. 131. 181. Shipping and Trade O. 325. 332 to 6. 354 6. 360 3. seemingly desir'd with the English 349. 359. Spaniards hated Dutch fear'd ib. 331. once had a Commerce with Manilla Spaniards 305. subject to them 331. Advantage of settling at Mindanao and way thither 349. 350 1 2. Opportunity the A. had for it 316 7. 331. 349. 350. 2 3. Mindanaians see Alforees Hilanoons Sologues and Mindanaians peculiarly so call'd d. their Persons Cloaths Qualities c. 324 to 8. 334 to 8. 340 1 2 6 8. 356 to 9. 361 2 4 to 9. 370 4 8. S. 129. Eating and Entertainments O. 311 9. 329. 355 to 9. 365 8 9. what Betle best liked S. 24. Marriages and Diseases O. 334. Weapons and way of Fighting 337 8 9. Sports Ornaments Musick and Dancing Women ib. to 342. 361. Comrades and Pagallies 327 8. 358 9. 364 5. 373. Wives and Concubines 328. 334 to 8. 366 7 8. 374. Languages and Learning 327. 330 1. 431. Religion Mosques 338. Circumcision c. 337 9. 340 1 2 3. 369. 370. Ramdam 343. 359. 361. Washings and Hogs hated 330. 343 4. some Baptiz'd 516. Government