keeps Prisoners in Persia with all he took at Bagdat and Revan both Money Arms and Ammunition and that he restore to me Tauris Inuschivam Cherisul and all the other Provinces and Places that my Great Grand-Father Solyman took and that he give me the Tribute and Presents which he made at that time and with that we will set our Limits that if he 'll hold to and observe these Conditions I will be Content and we shall end our Controversies Otherwise I declare to him that though he hide himself in the Earth like a Pismire or flie in the Air like a Bird he shall not escape my hands And I will reduce his whole Country to such a state that there shall not be a House standing in Ispahan Gasbin and Erdebil nor in any of his Towns Burroughs or Villages that there shall not a pile of Grass be left within his Kingdom and that I will afterward Chase him before me as a Hunter does his Prey and let him well consider that Repentance will not stand him in stead after the Fault is committed That if he will be obstinate still let him make ready against the Spring when with the help of God I shall be in his Country and then though he should a thousand times ask my Mercy there shall be none for him And having caused a Letter to be written to the same effect the Sultan gave it to the Ambassadour and dismissed him And hath since caused the Sepulchre of Himan Azam to be rebuilt and hath adorned it with several Golden Lamps set with precious Stones and covered the Floor with Silk Carpets having likewise beautified the Sepulchres of the other Saints By what can be judged it is the pleasure of the Grand Signior to expect the Answer of the King of Persia and then to return Constantinople and all his Subjects will be in repose God bless him c. Written at Bagdat the 22. of the Moon of Chaban 1048. which was the 19. of December 1638. The End of the First Part. TRAVELS INTO THE LEVANT The Second Part. WHICH Besides many Singular and most Curious Remarks of Aegypt Syria Mesopotamia the Rivers of Euphrates and Tygris CONTAINS A Description of the States Dominions and Court of the King of PERSIA Of the Religions Governments Manners Forces Languages Sciences Arts and Customs of the People of that Great Empire TOGETHER WITH The Antiquities of Tehehelminar and other Places about the Ancient PERSEPOLIS And Particularly A most Exact Itinerary as well of the Journey by Land through TVRKY and PERSIA as of the Voyage by Sea in the Mediterranean Gulf of Persia and the Indian Seas By Monsieur DE THEVENOT Now made English LONDON Printed in the Year 1687. TRAVELS INTO THE LEVANT PART II. BOOK I. CHAP. I. The Author's departure not only from Paris but Marseilles and his Voyage to Alexandria THOUGH I had spent seven whole years of my younger days in former Travels nevertheless the same passion which had already carried me so far into the East still prompted me with a desire of seeing Persia and the Indies I had not long rested at home among my Relations and Friends when that desire began to exert its power over me and if it was not strong enough at first to force me from those who were so dear unto me at least it busied me in taking necessary measures for second Travels and that with greater profit than I had performed the first if I should chance to set out upon them In that thought I employed four years in the study of the Sciences which I judged most usefull to a Traveller who would make advantage of his Travels and communicate the same to others In short having during all that time wavered betwixt the design of travelling and that of settling at Paris when I saw my self so well prepared for the former and considered besides that to defer the other would be in some manner to comply with the Times I easily gave way to my first inclination So that having as secretly as I could taken orders for all things I stood in need of not only for accomplishing my design but also for avoiding those inconveniencies which might have been too difficult for me to support I left Paris the sixteenth of October 1663 The Authours departure pretending a Journey with a Friend for some weeks into Burgundy The sixth of November I came to Marseilles and on the twelfth about ten of the clock at Night I embarked there in a Galley of Legorn which had arrived at that Port three days before His Embarking at Marseilles Rocca Tagliata That Galley parted from the Chain next Day being Tuesday a little after midnight and about five in the Evening came to an anchor at Rocca Tagliata an hundred and ten miles from Marseilles from whence it set out again on Wednesday after midnight and about five of the clock at Night came to an anchor at St. Remigio St. Remigio seventy five miles from Rocca Tagliata St. Remigio is a pretty Town belonging to the Genoese with a little Fort and convenience to make a good Harbour but that Republick will not suffer it to be done it is covered by a Mole and wants only to be dug The Countrey is all Garden produces plenty of all things and especially of Wine Oyl Cedar Oranges and other Fruits Genoa We parted from thence on Thursday the fifteenth of November after midnight and about six of the clock at night came to an anchor before Genoa fourscore and ten miles distant from St. Remigio Friday about midnight we left that place Porto Venere and came to an anchor again at Porto Venere threescore miles from Genoa Porto Venere is a small Town but the Houses fair and well built It hath a Fort very advantageously seated upon a Rock that commands the mouth of the Harbour This Port or Gulf rather is on the one side covered by the main Land and on the other by a fruitfull Island which lies before it towards Lerice Lerice Golfe della Spetie between which and that Island is the gulf Della Spetie This is the last place of the Territories of the Genoese we saluted it with four Guns and were answered with three This Countrey is fruitfull in Vines and Olive-trees From Marseilles to Porto Venere we had all the way fair weather Legorn At midnight following we weighed anchor and with a fair North-Wind about eleven of the clock in the forenoon arrived at Legorn threescore miles from Porto Venere and this was on Saturday the seventeenth of November Tuesday the four and twentieth of January 1663 / 4 about half an hour past eleven in the forenoon I went on board the Ship of Captain Richard de la Cicuta a man commendable for his piety and civility that Ship was called N. Dame de la Grace carrying about two hundred and fifty or three hundred Tun she had on board thirty Seamen four great Guns and six Brass Petrera's
the French Kings Library there are entire Manuscripts of the Rules that it observed The great esteem that Ismal knew his Forefathers had acquired under that Name made him think it would be much for his advantage to take it and he was not mistaken for he was first followed by all the Sofies and those who were addicted unto them by whose means he Established the Belief which his Father and Grandfather had but in a manner proposed to wit that Aly being the only true Heir of Mahomet he was to be followed in all things by those who would be saved And the truth is they conceived so high an opinion of that Sofi that the Friends of his Family with the Malecontents and Innovators easily joyned with him and he as easily employed them to destroy Farochk King or Sultan of Schirvan who had put to Death his Father Aidar This having succeeded so well with Ismael Sofi he found means afterwards to attack and overcome the other Sultans of Persia who were of the Family of Akkoionlu and to mount the Throne of the Empire himself So that it is not true that none of the Kings of Persia ever bore the Name of Sofi though since Ismael's time these Kings have forborn to take it having depressed that Order of the Sofies for reasons that I could alledge elsewhere and besides they stood no more in need of Artifice to maintain their grandeur This is that Sha Ismael Sofi who gave occasion to the Europeans to call the Kings of Persia Sofies as from Caesar they called the succeeding Emperours Caesars and from Osman or Othman those of Turkie Ottomans I must also tell you that one ought not to take exceptions if he meet with some diversity in the pronunciation of Oriental words in this Book especially when the question is about Vowels or the Consonants Kha Hha Kef and some others In different Countreys they are variously pronounced in some places they pronounce Nameh Bender and Bazerghian and in others Namah Bendar Bazerghion Some say Kher and others Hher some Gomron others Komoron and so in many others but the figurative letters always occur in both the one and the other Thus you see Sir that Monsieur de Thevenot is sufficiently Justified as to the points you suspected might be cavelled at if considered with relation to the Book of the Coronation of Solyman upon which I pretend not to play the Critick nor indeed have I fully examined it And this Answer though somewhat long in respect of your Note is only to satisfie your desires and that duty of Friendship wherewith our Illustrious Traveller honoured me as well as the strict Obligation that lies upon me to have an eternal veneration for his Memory I am SIR c. A TABLE OF THE CHAPTERS Contained in the FIRST PART BOOK I. CHapter I. The Authors Design and beginning of his Travels Page 1 Chap. II. Of Messina Scylla and Caribdis Page 3 Chap. III. Sicily Aetna Page 4 Chap. IV. From Messina to Malta Page 5 Chap. V. Of Malta ibid. Chap. VI. Of the Castles of St. Angelo and St. Erme Page 7 Chap. VII The City Valetta Page 8 Chap. VIII Of the Grove our Lady of Melecca and Isle of Gozo Page 11 Chap. IX Of the Publick Solemnity on our Lady-day in September ib. Chap. X. From Malta to Constantinople Page 12 Chap. XI The Cape of Metapan and Isle of Cerigo Page 13 Chap. XII The Isle of Zia Page 14 Chap. XIII The Isle of Andra Page 15 Chap. XIV Of the Dardanelles Gallipoly and Author's Arrival at Constantinople Page 17 Chap. XV. The Situation and Description of Constantinople Page 19 Chap. XVI Of Santa Sophia Solymania and other Mosques Page 20 Chap. XVII The Hypodrome Pillars and Obelisks at Constantinople Page 22 Chap. XVIII Of the Grand Signior's Serraglio Page 23 Chap. XIX Of the other Serraglios Hans and Buildings at Constantinople Page 25 Chap. XX. Of Cassumpasha Galata Pera and Tophana Page 27 Chap. XXI Leander's Tower Scudaret the Princes Isle and the Black-Sea Page 28 Chap. XXII Of the Shape Strength Apparel and Behaviour of the Turks Page 29 Chap. XXIII Of their Baths or Bagnios Page 31 Chap. XXIV Their way of Eating Drinking and Lying Of Coffee and Coffee-houses c. Page 32 Chap. XXV Their Exercises Games and Sports Page 34 Chap. XXVI Their Language Sciences and Divination Page 36 Chap. XXVII Their Diseases and Cures Page 37 Chap. XXVIII Of Mahomet and the Alcaron Page 38 Chap. XXIX Their Belief and Opinions ib. Chap. XXX Concerning Angels Page 40 Chap. XXXI Concerning such Beasts as shall enter Paradise Page 41 Chap. XXXII Of Circumcision Page 42 Chap. XXXIII Of the Commands to be observed in their Religion Page 43 Chap. XXXIV Of the Ramadan Hegyra and Turkish Year Page 44 Chap. XXXV Of the Bairam the Turks Easter Page 45 Chap. XXXVI What renders them Vnclean and of their Ablutions Page 47 Chap. XXXVII The form of their Mosques and hours of Prayers Page 48 Chap. XXXVIII Their Charity and Pilgrimage to Mecha Page 50 Chap. XXXIX Things Prohibited in their Religion Page 51 Chap. XL. The Ministers of their Law Page 53 Chap. XLI Their Marriages and Divorces Page 55 Chap. XLII The Beauty Manners and Apparel of their Women Page 56 Chap. XLIII Their Mournings for the Dead manner of Burial and Burial places Page 57 Chap. XLIV A Summary of the humours of the Turks Page 58 Chap. XLV Of the Grand Signior Page 60 Chap. XLVI of the Grand Visier and other chief Officers of the Turkish Empire Page 63 Chap. XLVII Of the Divan Page 65 Chap. XLVIII Of the Oeconomy among the Turks and of the Moneys Weights and Measures at Constantinople Page 66 Chap. XLIX Of the sorts of Punishments and the several ways of Executing Malefactors in Turkey Page 68 Chap. L. Of the Grand Siguior's Militia Page 69 Chap. LI. Of the Grand Signior's easie way in raising and maintaining great Armies Page 71 Chap. LII Of his Weakness at Sea Page 73 Chap. LIII An exact account of the Sea fight between the Venetians and Turks at the Dardanelles in the Year 1656 Page 74 Chap. LIV. Of the great Sedition at Constantinople in the Year 1655 Page 77 Chap. LV. Of the Christian and Jewish Subjects of the Grand Signior their Customs and way of Living Page 81 Chap. LVI The Arrival and Audience of the Mogul's Ambassadour Page 84 Chap. LVII Of the Grand Signior's going abroad in State Page 86 Chap. LVIII The City Bursa described The Hot Bagnios and Sepulchres there Page 87 Chap. LIX Journey from Bursa to Smyrna Page 90 Chap. LX. The City of Smyrna described Page 91 Chap. LXI Chio Town described Page 93 Chap. LXII Of the Mastick Trees and other observables there Page 95 Chap. LXIII Of some Villages in the Isle of Chio and Apparitions c. there Page 97 Chap. LXIV Of the Inhabitants of Chio and their Manners and of the Partridges there Page 100 Chap. LXV Of the Isle Patino or
Pathmos Page 103 Chap. LXVI The Isle Nixia ibid. Chap. LXVII Of the Isles Paro Delos Mycone Tine and Nio Page 105 Chap. LXVIII The Isle Santorini A strange Eruption of Fire there Page 107 Chap. LXIX Of the Isles Policandre Milo Sifanto Thermia Ajora and Scyra Page 108 Chap. LXX The Isles Samos and Nicaria Page 110 Chap. LXXI Of Stanchi and Bodrou Page 112 Chap. LXXII Departure from Bodrou and Voyage to Rhodes Page 114 Chap. LXXIII The Isle and City of Rhodes The Description and History thereof Page 115 Chap. LXIV The Voyage from Rhodes to Alexandria Page 118 BOOK II. CHap. I. Of Alexandria Page 121 Chap. II. The Walls there the Pillar of Pompey the Subterranean Town Cleopatra's Palace Porphyry Pillars Talismans and other Antiquities in Alexandria Page 123 Chap. III. of Rossetto Page 126 Chap. IV. Of the Grand Caire Page 127 Chap. V. The Pyramids Page 130 Chap. VI. The Mummies Page 135 Chap VII Old Caire Page 138 Chap. VIII Of the Matharee or Place where our Saviour lived when in Aegypt Page 139 Chap. IX The Castle of Caire and Observables there Page 140 Chap. X. The Palaces Streets and Bazars of Caire Page 143 Chap. XI The Ovens for Hatching of Chickens Page 144 Chap. XII Of the Burying-place by Caire and the Bones that rise there on Holy-Friday Page 145 Chap. XIII Of the Cavalcade at the going of the Hazna or Grand Signior's Revenue from Caire Page 146 Chap. XIV The Turks Carnaval ibid. Chap. XV. Of the going out of Basha Mansoul Page 147 Chap. XVI Of the Preparations for the Journey to Mecha and Medina and the Presents sent thither Page 149 Chap. XVII Of the Departure of the Caravan and its Journey to Mecha Page 150 Chap. XVIII Of Mecha and its Description Page 152 Chap. XIX The Ceremonies to be performed by the Pilgrims to Mecha in their Journey Page 153 Chap. XX. Of the manner of meeting the Caravan at its return Page 154 Chap. XXI Mecha and Medina their Descriptions Page 155 Chap. XXII Of the Letting in the Nile into the Street called Khalis infra 223 Page 158 Chap. XXIII The Reception of the new Basha at Caire Page 160 Chap. XXIV Journey from Caire to Suez Page 161 Chap. XXV From Suez to Tor and of the Camels Dromedaries Antelopes and Estridges in those Parts Page 163 Chap. XXVI Of Tor and Mount Sinai Page 166 Chap. XXVII The Mountain of St. Catherine Page 168 Chap. XXVIII The Mountain of Moses ibid. Chap. XXIX The Monastery of St. Catherine Page 170 Chap. XXX Mount Horeb Page 171 Chap. XXXI The Return to Suez ibid. Chap. XXXII Of the Arabs their Government Horses and way of Living Page 173 Chap. XXXIII Of Suez and the Red-Sea Page 175 Chap. XXXIV Return from Suez to Caire Page 176 Chap. XXXV Journey from Caire to Gaza Page 177 Chap. XXXVI Of Gaza and Rama and how the Pilgrims are received at Jerusalem Page 180 Chap. XXXVII A particular Description of the Holy Places at Jerusalem Page 182 Chap. XXXVIII The Author's first entry into the Church of the Holy Sepulchre Page 185 Chap. XXXIX An exact Description of all the Observables in that Church Page 187 Chap. XL. The Burial-places of the Kings of Jerusalem and Grott of Jeremiah Page 192 Chap. XLI The River Jordan the Red-Sea and Mount of the Forty Days Fast Page 194 Chap. XLII The second entry into the Church of the Holy Sepulchre Page 195 Chap. XLIII Of the Holy Fire pretended to be brought out of the Sepulchre by the Greeks Armenians c. Page 196 Chap. XLIV The Remarkable Places between Jerusalem and Bethlehem Page 198 Chap. XLV Of Bethlehem the Church and Remarkable Places there Page 199 Chap. XLVI Of the Bethlehem Marks and way of making them Page 201 Chap. XLVII Of the Remarkable Places about Bethlehem Page 202 Chap. XLVIII Of the Mountains of Judea the Convent of the Holy Cross Page 203 Chap. XLIX Bethany Bethphage Mount Sion the House of Magdalen the Houses of Annas and Caiaphas c. Page 204 Chap. L. The Author's third entry into the Church of the Holy Sepulchre He is made a Knight of the Sepulchre the Privilege of such A farther Description of the City of Jerusalem Page 206 Chap. LI. Of Emaus and Jaffa or Joppa Page 207 Chap. LII Voyage from Jaffa to Acre the misfortunes the Author met with from a French Corsair of Malta Page 208 Chap. LIII A Description of Acre or Ptolemais Page 211 Chap. LIV. Of Nazareth and the Holy Places about it Page 212 Chap. LV. Of the House of the Cananean the Mount of the Beatitudes the Mount of the Two Fishes and Five Loaves the Sea of Tiberias or Lake of Genezareth Town of Capernaum Mount Tabor and other Places thereabouts Page 213 Chap. LVI The Way by Land from Jerusalem to Nazareth Page 215 Chap. LVII The Road from Nazareth to Damascus Page 216 Chap. LVIII Of the City Damascus and Places of Note that are about it Page 217 Chap. LIX Return to Acre A Description of Mount Carmel and the Convent there Page 219 Chap. LX. The Way from Acre to Sour Sayde Baruth Tripoly and Mount Libanus with the Remarks of those Places Page 220 Chap. LXI The Road from Tripoly to Aleppo by Damascus Page 222 Chap. LXII Voyage from Acre to Damiette Rencounter with Italian Corsairs Page 224 Chap. LXIII What happened on board the Corsairs till his arrival at Damiette Page 226 Chap. LXIV The Author's departure from Damiette and arrival at Caire Page 231 Chap. LXV The manner how they observe and publish the encrease of the Nile ibid. Chap. LXVI The Ceremonies and publick Rejoycings at the opening of the Khalis Page 233 Chap. LXVII The arrival of the Bey of Girge at Caire Page 235 Chap LXVIII The arrival of an Ambassadour of Aethiopia at Caire with the Presents he brought for the Grand Signior Page 237 Chap. LXIX A Description of Aethiopia Page 233 Chap. LXX Of the Esine or publick Rejoycing at Caire in the Author's time Page 241 Chap. LXXI Of the Desarts of St. Macharius and remarkable Places there Page 242 Chap. LXXII Of Egypt the Nile the Crocodiles and Sea-Horses in it and the way of taking Crocodiles Page 245 Chap. LXXIII The Manners of the Egyptians the Worm-Woman at Caire and of the Arabick Language Page 248 Chap. LXXIV Females Circumcised among the Moors Their strange Dancing in their Religious Worship at Caire and of their Santos Page 249 Chap. LXXV Of the Cophtes their Religion and strange Belief Page 252 Chap. LXXVI Of the Franks that live in Aegypt and of the Avanies or continual Exactions of Mony which are put upon them ibid. Chap. LXXVII The manner of celebrating the Greek Mass by the Patriarch at Alexandria and of his Vestments Page 256 Chap. LXXVIII Of the Jews and Turks in Egypt Page 257 Chap. LXXIX The Punishments used in Egypt Page 259 Chap. LXXX The Inconveniences and Distempers which are frequent at Caire Page 260 Chap. LXXXI
The Remedies used by the Moors in their Sicknesses Page 262 Chap. LXXXII The Moneys and Weights of Egypt ibid. Chap. LXXXIII The Remarkable History of Don Philippo Prince of Tunis Page 263 Chap. LXXXIV The Voyage from Caire to Alexandria Of the Hhouames Page 265 Chap. LXXXV Arrival at Bouquer with a Description of the Place A dangerous Storm in the Port of Alexandria Page 266 Chap. LXXXVI The Author's Departure from Bouquer in an English Ship. Commendation of the English Sea-men Page 270 Chap. LXXXVII The Voyage from Bouquer Page 271 Chap. LXXXVIII The Isles of Lampedosa and Pantalaria Of the Corsairs met with at Sea. The Arrival at Goletta ibid Chap. LXXXIX A Description of Goletta and the Author's Arrival at Tunis Page 274 Chap. XC Of the Countrey-Houses and other Remarks about Tunis Page 275 Chap. XCI A Description of Tunis and of the Christian Slaves there Page 276 Chap. XCII Of the Dey and other Officers at Tunis and of the Government there Page 277 Chap. XCIII Of the several Punishments used at Tunis Page 279 Chap. XCIV The Authors Departure from Goletta The Ruins of Carthage A continuance of his Voyage Page 279 Chap. XCV A Relation of a remarkable Engagement at Sea between an English Merchant-man and three Spanish Corsairs and the taking of one of the Corsairs Page 282 A Relation of the taking of Babylon otherwise called Bagdat from the King of Persia by Sultan Amurath in the Year 1638 Page 287 A TABLE OF THE CHAPTERS Contained in the SECOND PART BOOK I. CHapter I. The Author's Departure from Paris His Journal from Marseilles to Alexandria Page 1 Chap. II. Curiosities observed during the Voyage and at Alexandria Page 6 Chap. III. Remarks in the way from Alexandria to Sayde and from Sayde to Damascus The manner of making Sorbet at Rossetto Page 8 Chap. IV. Description of the City of Damascus Page 13 Chap. V. More of the Remarks at Damascus Page 19 Chap. VI. Journey from Damascus to Aleppo Page 25 Chap. VII Observations at Aleppo an exact Description of that City Page 30 Chap. VIII A Sequel of the Observations at Aleppo The Zineh or manner of the Publick Rejoycing there Page 35 Chap. IX The Road to Mosul by Bi r and Orfa Of the River Euphrates The History of Agabarus King of Orfa Page 39 Chap. X. The continuation of the Journey to Mosul by Codgiasar The Countrey of Merdin and Nisibin Page 44 Chap. XI Of Mosul and the Observables there Page 50 Chap. XII Of the fiery Wind called Samiel Their Kelecks and the Author 's Embarking in that kind of Vessel Page 53 Chap. XIII The Author's Voyage on the Tygris to Bagdat Of the Lions and other remarkable Beasts of those Parts Page 56 Chap. XIV A Description of Bagdat and of the Road from Bagdat to Mendeli Page 61 BOOK II. CHap. I. Of the Entry into Persia and Road to Hamadan Page 65 Chap. II The Road from Hamadan to Ispahan Page 72 Chap III. Of Persia in general the Soyl and Air Page 77 Chap. IV. A Description of Ispahan Page 78 Chap. V. A continuation of the Observations at Ispahan particularly of their Buildings Page 84 Chap. VI. Of their Arts Page 87 Chap. VII Of their Moneys Weights and Measures Page 89 Chap. VIII The Nature of the Persians Page 90 Chap. IX Their Habits Page 91 Chap. X. Their Diet and Drink Page 94 Chap. XI Of the Court of Persia the present King Schah Abbas the Great Officers Militia and Government there Of two Moscovite Ambassadours at Ispahan Page 97 Chap. XII Of their Astrologers A Comet and Eclipse there And of the Superstition of the Persians Page 105 Chap. XIII Of the Religion of the Persians Page 106 Chap. XIV Of the Jews Guebres Banians and Armenians at Ispahan Page 111 Chap. XV. Of the Horses Mules Camels and some Insects there Page 113 Chap. XVI Of the several sorts of Fruits and Plants there Page 115 BOOK III. Of the Country of Schiras and other Places under the Dominion of the King of Persia CHap. I. The Road from Ispahan to Schiras Page 120 Chap. II. A Description of Schiras The excellent Wine there Page 124 Chap. III. the Road from Schiras to Bender with the Remarks on that Road Page 127 Chap. IV. A continuation of the Journey to Bender Of the Town of Lar Page 131 Chap. V. Of Bender-Abassi and Ormus The Author's Return to Schiras Of the Poisonous Plant called Kherzehreh and of the Banian-Trees Of the Dutch Factory at Bender Page 135 Chap. VI. Of the Antiquities to be seen betwixt Schiras and Tschehel-minar Page 139 Chap. VII Of Tschehel-minar and Naksci Rustan supposed to be some Remains of the Ancient Persepolis Page 142 Chap. VIII The Road to Bender-Rik Page 147 Chap. IX The Voyage from Bender-Rik to Bassora Page 151 Chap. X. A Description of Bassora Page 156 Chap. XI More of Bassora Of El-Catif and Lehhsa Of the Pearl Fishing And of the Sabeans and their Religion Page 160 BOOK IV. CHap. I. The Voyage from Bassora to the Indies More of Pearl Fishing A cruel Action of a Portuguese Page 167 Chap. II. A continuation of the Voyage from Bassora to the Indies A Description of Congo Of the Robbers called Zinganes Page 175 Chap III. Of Spouts at Sea a large Description of them their Danger and Effects and means to be used against them Page 184 Chap. IV. More of the Voyage to the Indies The manner of heaving the Log. Of the Dorado or Dolphin Of the Weather-Gall or Oxes Eye and other Remarks in the East-Indy Seas Page 190 A TABLE OF THE CHAPTERS Contained in the THIRD PART BOOK I. CHapter I. Voyage from Bassora to Surrat and the strict search by the Customers at Surrat Page 1 Chap. II. The Limits of the Indies Page 3 Chap. III. Of the Great Mogul and the present Emperour Auran-zeb Page 4 Chap. IV. The Province of Guzerat Page 6 Chap. V. Of Amedabad the Capital City of the Province Page 8 Chap. VI. Journey from Amedabad to Cambaye Page 12 Chap. VII A Description of Surrat Page 15 Chap. VIII Of the Wine or Liquor called Tary Page 17 Chap. IX The Weights and Monies of Surrat Page 18 Chap. X. The Officers and Government at Surrat Page 19 Chap. XI Bad Offices done to the French Company at Surrat Page 20 Chap. XII The Marriage of the Governors's Daughter there Page 22 Chap. XIII Their Burial-places and way of burning Dead Bodies Page 23 Chap. XIV Curiosities at Surrat Page 24 Chap XV. The Port of Surrat Page 26 Chap. XVI The History of Sivagy and his Wars Page 27 Chap. XXVII Of Father Ambrose the Capucin Page 30 Chap. XVIII Of other Towns of Guzerat and the Siege of Diu Page 31 Chap. XIX The Province and Town of Agra Page 33 Chap. XX. The Habits worn at Agra Page 36 Chap. XXI Curiosities at Agra Page 38 XXII The Province and Town of Dehly the present Residence of Auran-zeb 's Court Page 40 Chap. XXIII The
the Father and Mother who give them have hold of them behind then a glass of Wine is brought of which the Bridegroom drinks a little and then the Bride then the Bridegroom drinks again which the Bride pledges and then the glass is given to the Priest who merrily drinks off the rest and breaking the glass says So may the Bridegroom break the Virginity of the Bride All things else are done as among Roman Catholicks The Manners of the Greeks As to their Customs and ways of living they are much like the Turks but more wicked The Greeks are covetous perfidious and treacherous great Pedereasts revengeful to extremity but withal very superstitious and great Hypocrites and indeed they are so despised by the Turks that they value not even a Greek that turns Turk They are far greater Enemies to Roman Catholicks themselves than the Turks are and if it lay only in their power to hinder us from becoming Masters of the Turkish Countries we need never expect it Their Women are beautiful but a little to fat and very proud The Jews in Turkie are cloathed as the Turks are The Apparel of the Jews save that they dare not wear Green nor a white Turban nor red Vests they wear commonly a Violet colour but are obliged to wear a Violet Cap shaped like a Hat and of the same height and such as can reach to the price of a Turban have one round their Cap below They ought also to wear their Mestes and Pabouthes of a Violet colour I need say nothing of their Religion since it is fully contained in the Old Testament and Talmud But as to their Manners The Manners of the Jews they are the same in all places that is to say as great Cheats in Turkie as in Italy and their thoughts run upon nothing else but devising and finding out taxes and tricks to vex Christians or Turks They are in all places despised and ill used by all People In the whole extent of the Turkish Empire all Male Christians and Jews who are Subjects to the Grand Signior pay the yearly Karadge The Karadge which the Males pay which is a Tribute of four Piastres and a half a Head They begin to pay this Tribute when they are Nine years of Age but the Christian Priests and Monks are exempted from it and so are the Jewish Rabins the Women also pay nothing This brings in a great Revenue to the Grand Signior and no body can avoid it by often changing Habitation for whatsoever place they come at when they Travel their Karadge is demanded if they have paid it for that year in another place they must produce an Acquittance but if they have none to shew they must pay it and take a Note or Acquittance to serve them in other places Seeing none but the Subjects of the Grand Signior pay that Tribute the Jews of Christendom pay it not when they are in Turkie And to shew that they are not liable to it they wear a Hat and have a good Certificate from a Consul that they are of such a place in Christendom CHAP. LVI The Arrival and Audience of an Ambassadour from the Mogul An Ambassadour from the Mogul THere came to Constantinople in the Month of May an Ambassadour from the Mogul who had been two and twenty Months by the way and came by the Red-Sea which much retarded him because of contrary Winds and besides he had stayed three or four Months at Mecha and stop'd also at several other places he brought not fourscore Men with him to Constantinople a great many of these being Sick too and most part Naked having no more but a Rag to cover their Nakedness There was no great Ceremony at his entry into Constantinople On Monday the fifteenth of May he had a private Audience of the Grand Signior at the Kieusk upon the Port by the Sea-side I was told that at this Audience he made a very considerable Present to the Grand Signior A Present made by the Moguls Ambassadour at his first Audience Cangiar to wit a Girdle all of Diamonds a Chaplet of the same and a Cangiar or Dagger whose Pommel was a Diamond weighing eight Chequins or six hundred Grains which was valued at five hundred Purses or two hundred and fifty thousand Piastres several added more a Box full of Diamonds well Sealed with a Writing upon it bearing that it should not be opened but by the Grand Signior but there was no certainty of this however that Present was valued at six hundred thousand Piastres The Grand Signior presented him with a Kurk or furred Vest Tuesday the sixteenth of May was pitched upon for his publick Audience and I had a great desire to see his entry into the Serrraglio and Present but was told that I could not have Access because Franks were never suffered to come in but when Franks Ambassadours made their entry and at the entry of any other Ambassadours no Franks were admitted However I resolved to try my Fortune and for that end went betimes in the Morning with a Janizary and Spahi to the Serraglio I was in company of a French Gentleman called Monsieur Mesquin who hath since been sent to Constantinople by the King of Poland in quality of Internuncio he having for several Years lived at the Court of Poland when we were come near the Serraglio we saw a great Guard of Capidgis who freely bestowed Blows on all hands as well on Christians as Turks that came in their way and suffered none to enter but a few whom they durst not refuse having stop'd there a little our Janizary told us that we had best return again for that certainly we could not get in and my Spahi told me as much nevertheless this French Gentleman having spoken in Turkish to one of the Capidgis met with no rude usage only he told us that he could not let us in which gave us some hopes that for all that we might enter I began also to speak Turkish to the same Capidgi and though I could hardly pronounce two right words yet I hammered out that I was a Stranger and that I had a great desire to see the Ceremony he still told me that I should not enter and sometimes being troubled with my Importunity fell into some Passion but seeing he offered not to strike me I Persisted and holding my peace when I saw him vexed I Just did as a bashful Beggar does when he beggs an Alms and when he bid me stay till the Ambassadour came and that I should come in with him I made answer that I was afraid of being abused by the Croud as being a Christian and a Frank at length having stunned him with my Gibberish language which was almost wholly made up of these words Allai seversen which is to say for God's sake he sent one of his comerades to his Colonel who was under the Porch to ask his leave to let us in which the Colonel easily
they assist those whom they call Penitents Their Penance consists in forbearing to eat for many days to keep constantly standing upon a Stone for several weeks or several months to hold their Arms a cross behind their head as long as they live or to bury themselves in Pits for a certain space of time But if some of these Faquirs be good Men Faquirs Rogues there are also very Rogues amongst them and the Mogul Princes are not troubled when such of them as commit violences are killed One may meet with some of them in the Countrey stark naked with Colours and Trumpets who ask Charity with Bow and Arrow in hand and when they are the strongest they leave it not to the discretion of Travellers to give or refuse These wretches have no consideration even for those that feed them I have seen some of them in the Caravanes who made it their whole business to play tricks and to molest Travellers though they had all their subsistence from them Not long since I was in a Caravane where some of these Faquirs were who took a fancy to suffer no body to sleep All night long they did nothing but Sing and Preach and instead of banging them soundly to make them hold their peace as they ought to have been served the Company prayed them civilly but they took it ill so that they doubled their Cries and Singing and they who could not Sing laugh'd and made a mock of the rest of the Caravane These Faquirs were sent by their Superiours into I know not what Countrey full of Banians to demand of them Two thousand Roupies with a certain quantity of Rice and Mans of Butter and they had orders not to return without fulfilling their Commission This is their way all over the Indies where by their Mammeries they have accustomed the Gentiles to give them what they demand without daring to refuse There are a great many Faquirs among the Mahometans as well as amongst the Idolaters who are also Vagabonds and worse than they and commonly both of them are treated alike The Province of Halabas pays the Mogul yearly above fourteen Millions The Moguls Revenue from Halabas CHAP. XL. Of the Province of Oulesser or Bengala and of the Ganges THe Province of Oulesser which we call Bengala The Province of Ouleser or Bengala Jaganat and which the Idolaters name Jaganat because of the famous Idol of the Pagod of Jaganat which is there is Inhabited by Gentiles no less fantastical in point of Religion than those of Halabas and this one instance may serve for a proof of it Strange Penance of a Faquir A Faquir intending to invent some new spell of Devotion that was never seen before and which might cost him a great deal of pains resolved to measure with his Body the whole extent of the Moguls Empire from Bengala as far as Caboul which are the limits of it from South East to North West The pretext he had for so doing was that once in his life he might be present at the Feast of Houly which I have already described and he had a kind of novices to wait upon him and serve him The first Action he did when he set out upon his Journey was to lay himself at full length on the ground upon his belly and to order that the length of his Body might be marked there that being done he rose up and acquainted his followers with his Design which was to take a Journey as far as Caboul by lying down and rising up again continually and to walk no more at a time but the length of his Body ordering his Novices to make a mark on the ground at the Crown of his Head every time he lay down to the end he might exactly regulate the March he was to make all was punctually performed on both sides The Faquir made a Cosse and a half a day that 's to say about three quarters of a League and they who related the Story met him a year after his setting out no farther off than at the utmost bounds of the Province of Halabas In the mean time he had all imaginable respect shewed him in the places he passed through and was loaded with Charity in so much that he was obliged to distribute the Alms he got amongst the Poor who in hopes of getting by him followed him in his Journey Many Mahometans live there also but they are no better than the Gentils The people for the most part are extraordinarily voluptuous they have a captious and subtil wit and are much given to pilfring and stealing The Women themselves are bold and lascivious and use all Arts imaginable to corrupt and debauch Young Men The Inhabitants of Bengala voluptuous and especially Strangers whom they easily trapan because they are handsom and wear good Cloaths The people in this Province live much at their ease because of its fruitfulness and above Twenty thousand Christians dwell there The Countrey was kept in far better order under the Patan Kings I mean before the Mahometans and Moguls were Masters of it because then they had Uniformity in Religion Mahometanism hath introduced disorder It has been found by experience that disorder came into it with Mahometanism and that diversity of Religions hath there caused corrruption in Manners Daca or Daac Daca or Daac is properly the capital City of Bengala it lies upon the banck of the Ganges and is very narrow because it stretches out near a League and a half in length along the side of that River Most of the Houses are only built of Canes covered with Earth The English and Dutch Houses are more solid because they have spared no cost for the security of their Goods The Augustins have a Monastery at Daca Galleys of the Gulf of Bengala The Augustines have a Monastery there also The Tide comes up as far as Daca so that the Galleys which are built there may easily Trade in the gulf of Bengala and the Dutch make good use of theirs for their Commerce Towns of Bengala Philipatan Satigan Patane Casanbazar Chatigan Towns. The Dutch Factory at Patan Ananas The Countrey is full of Castles and Towns Philipatan Satigan Patane Casanbazar and Chatigan are very rich and Patane is a very large Town lying on the West side of â—he Ganges in the Countrey of Patan where the Dutch have a Factory Corn Rice Sugar Ginger long Pepper Cotton and Silk with several other Commodities are plentifully produced in that Country as well as Fruits and especially the Ananas which in the out side is much like a Pine-Apple they are as big as Melons and some of them resemble them also their colour at first is betwixt a Green and a Yellow but when they are ripe the Green is gone they grow upon a Stalk not above a Foot and a half high they are pleasant to the taste and leave the flavour of an Apricock in the mouth The Ganges The Ganges