god_n have_v give_v to_o the_o world_n it_o be_v to_o be_v discover_v no_o where_n soon_o than_o from_o that_o which_o not_o only_o one_o whole_a nation_n have_v agr_v upon_o and_o establish_v for_o a_o law_n among_o themselves_o but_o which_o other_o nation_n beside_o they_o have_v allow_v for_o true_a reason_n and_o practise_v the_o same_o also_o within_o their_o several_a territory_n for_o many_o hundred_o of_o year_n together_o for_o the_o most_o certain_a token_n of_o evident_a reason_n be_v if_o the_o general_a persuasion_n of_o all_o man_n do_v so_o account_v it_o and_o when_o the_o judgement_n of_o all_o man_n general_o or_o for_o the_o most_o part_n run_v one_o and_o the_o same_o way_n non_fw-la potest_fw-la error_n contingere_fw-la ubi_fw-la omnes_fw-la idem_fw-la opinantur_fw-la &_o quicquid_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la individuis_fw-la unius_fw-la speciei_fw-la communiter_fw-la inest_fw-la id_fw-la causam_fw-la communem_fw-la habeat_fw-la oportet_fw-la quae_fw-la est_fw-la eorum_fw-la individuorum_fw-la species_n &_o natura_fw-la no_o error_n be_v to_o be_v fear_v in_o such_o matter_n where_o all_o man_n be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n and_o what_o be_v ingraft_v in_o every_o individual_a of_o the_o same_o species_n must_v necessary_o proceed_v from_o one_o common_a cause_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o their_o very_a nature_n the_o general_a and_o perpetual_a voice_n of_o man_n be_v as_o the_o sentence_n of_o god_n himself_o for_o that_o which_o all_o man_n have_v at_o all_o time_n learned_a nature_n herself_o must_v needs_o have_v teach_v and_o god_n be_v the_o author_n of_o nature_n her_o voice_n be_v but_o his_o instrument_n by_o she_o from_o he_o we_o receive_v whatsoever_o in_o such_o sort_n we_o learn_v when_o therefore_o we_o say_v that_o the_o law_n of_o a_o nation_n ought_v to_o be_v conformable_a to_o reason_n we_o mean_v and_o intend_v such_o reason_n as_o other_o nation_n and_o man_n do_v general_o by_o the_o instinct_n of_o nature_n the_o mean_n of_o good_a literature_n and_o their_o insight_n in_o civil_a affair_n understand_v and_o agree_v to_o be_v reason_n in_o such_o matter_n non_fw-la enim_fw-la licet_fw-la naturale_fw-la universaleque_fw-la hominum_fw-la judicîum_fw-la falsum_fw-la vanumque_fw-la existimare_fw-la it_o be_v not_o fit_v to_o question_v that_o which_o be_v general_o allow_v by_o all_o man_n and_o that_o law_n that_o approach_v and_o come_v near_a to_o such_o common_a and_o universal_a reason_n be_v the_o true_a and_o perfect_a law_n of_o all_o other_o and_o make_v the_o people_n most_o happy_a and_o quiet_a that_o live_v under_o it_o howbeit_o since_o this_o be_v a_o blessing_n that_o every_o nation_n do_v not_o enjoy_v froward_a &_o perverse_a man_n must_v not_o take_v a_o occasion_n from_o hence_o to_o despise_v and_o quarrel_v with_o their_o own_o law_n upon_o pretence_n that_o they_o be_v irrational_a cognitio_fw-la de_fw-la bene_fw-la &_o malo_fw-la non_fw-la pertinet_fw-la ad_fw-la singulos_fw-la omne_fw-la judicium_fw-la in_o civitate_fw-la est_fw-la illius_fw-la qui_fw-la glaedium_fw-la belli_fw-la &_o gladium_fw-la justitiae_fw-la gerit_fw-la regulae_fw-la boni_fw-la &_o mali_fw-la justi_fw-la &_o injusti_fw-la honesti_fw-la &_o inhonesti_fw-la sunt_fw-la leges_fw-la civiles_fw-la ideoque_fw-la quod_fw-la legislator_n praeceperit_fw-la id_fw-la pro_fw-la bono_fw-mi qnod_n vetuerit_fw-la id_fw-la pro_fw-la malo_fw-la habendum_fw-la est_fw-la to_o judge_v what_o be_v good_a and_o what_o be_v evil_a in_o a_o common_a society_n belong_v not_o to_o any_o that_o be_v under_o rule_n but_o to_o he_o or_o they_o sole_o in_o who_o the_o supreme_a power_n rest_v the_o measure_n of_o good_a and_o evil_a just_a and_o unjust_a honest_a and_o dishonest_a be_v single_o the_o law_n of_o every_o state_n therefore_o what_o the_o lawgiver_n do_v prescribe_v with_o subject_n must_v pass_v for_o good_a and_o what_o he_o forbid_v they_o must_v look_v upon_o as_o evil_a till_o he_o think_v fit_v to_o order_n and_o declare_v otherwise_o insomuch_o as_o neither_o the_o judge_n nor_o magistrate_n themselves_o can_v dispute_v or_o judge_n thereof_o in_o temporal_a bus_fw-la legibus_fw-la quanquam_fw-la de_fw-la his_fw-la homines_fw-la judicent_fw-la cùm_fw-la case_z instituunt_fw-la tamen_fw-la cùm_fw-la fuerint_fw-la institutae_fw-la &_o firmatae_fw-la non_fw-la licebit_fw-la judici_fw-la de_fw-la ipsis_fw-la judicare_fw-la sed_fw-la secundum_fw-la ipsas_fw-la say_v s._n augustine_n as_o he_o be_v cite_v by_o the_o canon_n law_n 4._o law_n cap._n 3._o dist_n 4._o in_o temporal_a law_n though_o they_o may_v be_v debate_v by_o any_o man_n while_o they_o be_v in_o make_v yet_o when_o they_o be_v once_o agree_v on_o and_o full_o pass_v the_o judge_n shall_v judge_v by_o they_o but_o of_o they_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o judge_v in_o press_v then_o that_o a_o law_n ought_v to_o be_v agreeable_a to_o right_a reason_n the_o argument_n be_v direct_v to_o the_o lawgiver_n not_o to_o the_o subject_a and_o the_o scope_n of_o it_o be_v to_o show_v rather_o what_o a_o law_n ought_v to_o be_v then_o to_o quarrel_v with_o any_o particular_a law_n because_o it_o be_v not_o so_o rational_a as_o it_o shall_v be_v and_o as_o other_o law_n be_v but_o withal_o it_o profess_o aim_v to_o discover_v the_o strange_a weakness_n of_o those_o that_o when_o other_o nation_n hold_v fast_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n as_o be_v the_o sum_n and_o substance_n of_o all_o humane_a reason_n they_o be_v willing_a to_o forgo_v it_o quite_o when_o they_o have_v have_v the_o conjunction_n and_o assistance_n thereof_o so_o long_o in_o this_o nation_n and_o may_v with_o so_o much_o ease_n and_o advantage_n keep_v it_o still_o to_o who_o i_o shall_v give_v no_o '_o other_o caution_n than_o what_o ulpian_n one_o of_o the_o grave_a sage_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n give_v print_n give_v l._n 2._o dig._n de_fw-fr constit_fw-la print_n in_o rebus_fw-la novis_fw-la constituendis_fw-la evidens_fw-la esse_fw-la utilitas_fw-la debet_fw-la ut_fw-la recedatur_fw-la ab_fw-la eo_fw-la jure_fw-la quod_fw-la diu_fw-la aequum_fw-la visum_fw-la est_fw-la among_o other_o alteration_n say_v he_o that_o be_v be_v it_o government_n or_o what_o ever_o else_o that_o come_v to_o be_v alter_v in_o a_o state_n yet_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v some_o apparent_a advantage_n that_o shall_v induce_v a_o nation_n to_o part_v with_o that_o law_n that_o have_v by_o long_o use_v be_v find_v to_o be_v very_o equal_a chap._n iu._n that_o reason_n be_v not_o so_o strict_o require_v in_o the_o law_n that_o order_v the_o affair_n of_o state_n as_o in_o that_o that_o settle_v the_o difference_n that_o arise_v between_o man_n and_o man._n if_o then_o we_o will_v know_v when_o reason_n ought_v to_o manifest_v itself_o in_o a_o law_n and_o when_o it_o be_v not_o so_o strict_o require_v but_o that_o some_o deviation_n may_v be_v permit_v we_o must_v observe_v a_o wide_a difference_n between_o the_o public_a affair_n of_o state_n and_o those_o of_o the_o subject_n own_o in_o their_o private_a deal_n and_o controversy_n with_o one_o another_o for_o although_o all_o the_o affair_n of_o a_o nation_n both_o public_a and_o private_a must_v be_v under_o the_o provision_n and_o rule_n of_o the_o law_n yet_o be_v it_o not_o necessary_a that_o they_o shall_v both_o be_v regulate_v in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o manner_n nor_o by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o reason_n for_o there_o be_v a_o reason_n of_o state_n as_o well_o as_o a_o reason_n of_o nature_n in_o the_o law_n for_o public_a matter_n because_o they_o respect_v the_o welfare_n and_o preservation_n of_o the_o whole_a society_n mere_o and_o so_o be_v not_o to_o be_v tie_v to_o the_o same_o rule_v every_o where_o a_o strict_a adherence_n to_o natural_a equity_n and_o common_a reason_n be_v not_o require_v safety_n and_o convenience_n be_v reason_n enough_o to_o justify_v they_o so_o they_o encourage_v virtue_n punish_v vice_n maintain_v trade_n and_o industry_n and_o uphold_v religion_n yet_o it_o be_v the_o happy_a when_o there_o be_v the_o least_o aberration_n from_o common_a equity_n and_o know_a reason_n even_o in_o those_o thing_n wherein_o the_o whole_a commonwealth_n be_v principal_o concern_v but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o there_o be_v such_o multitude_n of_o people_n such_o difference_n of_o degree_n quality_n and_o condition_n and_o such_o perversity_n of_o will_n humour_n and_o affection_n in_o every_o commonwealth_n that_o no_o humane_a wit_n be_v able_a by_o sweet_a equitable_a way_n to_o reduce_v they_o to_o that_o perfect_a temperature_n and_o harmony_n which_o be_v requisite_a for_o the_o conservation_n of_o civil_a unity_n this_o may_v partly_o be_v judge_v by_o the_o government_n of_o a_o family_n be_v it_o great_a or_o little_a which_o be_v many_o time_n turn_v upside_o down_o and_o dissolve_v by_o the_o perverse_a humour_n of_o some_o one_o or_o two_o not_o corrigible_a by_o any_o wholesome_a counsel_n or_o moderate_a chastisement_n of_o the_o head_n of_o it_o what_o marvel_n be_v it_o then_o if_o in_o whole_a kingdom_n
themselves_o establish_v say_v quintilian_n 254._o quintilian_n detlam_n 254._o howbeit_o it_o be_v no_o more_o essential_a to_o a_o law_n then_o it_o be_v to_o custom_n to_o be_v reasonable_a when_o it_o be_v first_o ordain_v consuet_n ordain_v l._n 1._o &_o 2._o co_fw-la quaesit_fw-la long_fw-mi consuet_n rei_fw-la non_fw-la bonae_fw-la consuetudo_fw-la pessima_fw-la est_fw-la nemo_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la rationi_fw-la &_o veritati_fw-la praeponat_fw-la quia_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la ratio_fw-la &_o veritas_fw-la semper_fw-la excludit_fw-la say_v saint_n augustine_n 4._o augustine_n lib_fw-la 3._o de_fw-la baptismo_fw-la contra_fw-la donatistas_n cite_v in_o the_o canon-law_n dist_n 8._o c._n 4._o let_v no_o man_n prefer_v custom_n before_o either_o truth_n or_o reason_n because_o truth_n and_o reason_n do_v drive_v contrary_a custom_n quite_o away_o so_o that_o both_o in_o a_o law_n and_o a_o custom_n also_o it_o be_v equal_o requisite_a that_o they_o shall_v both_o be_v rational_a chap._n vi_o where_o law_n or_o custom_n be_v want_v to_o judge_v by_o precedent_n or_o example_n have_v no_o defence_n in_o reason_n and_o since_o right_o reason_n be_v so_o essential_a to_o that_o which_o come_v to_o arbitrate_v and_o judge_v of_o our_o life_n livelyhood_n and_o interest_n we_o must_v crave_v leave_n to_o disallow_v of_o their_o opinion_n and_o practice_n who_o when_o they_o have_v neither_o law_n nor_o custom_n of_o their_o own_o country_n to_o guide_v their_o judgement_n by_o in_o any_o case_n that_o come_v before_o they_o do_v not_o resort_v to_o the_o civil_a law_n as_o other_o nation_n common_o do_v but_o do_v usual_o supply_v that_o defect_n by_o precedent_n think_v that_o any_o case_n which_o the_o law_n have_v not_o provide_v in_o may_v be_v judge_v by_o a_o judgement_n have_v in_o the_o like_a case_n before_o which_o certain_o can_v be_v defend_v by_o any_o right_a reason_n or_o good_a judgement_n 9_o judgement_n si_fw-mi dixcrit_fw-fr aliquis_fw-la si_fw-la vidi_fw-la sic_fw-la audiut_fw-la en_fw-fr dccisiones_fw-la magis_fw-la risum_fw-la quam_fw-la fidem_fw-la nostram_fw-la excitat_fw-la maestert_n dissertat_fw-la de_fw-fr artific_n disput_fw-la parag_v 9_o for_o first_o the_o conformity_n of_o one_o sentence_n to_o another_o to_o rational_a and_o wise_a man_n argue_v nothing_o as_o to_o right_a or_o equity_n but_o conclude_v a_o concurrency_n in_o opinion_n only_o both_o which_o may_v be_v erroneous_a and_o mistake_v second_o as_o in_o judge_v case_n take_v mere_o as_o such_o there_o be_v want_n of_o reason_n to_o persuade_v so_o there_o be_v want_n of_o authority_n also_o to_o oblige_v for_o what_o force_n or_o power_n can_v the_o judgement_n or_o sentence_n of_o any_o predecessor_n have_v to_o bind_v or_o limit_v those_o that_o shall_v succeed_v they_o in_o the_o same_o judicatory_a par_fw-fr in_fw-la parem_fw-la non_fw-la habet_fw-la imperium_fw-la nec_fw-la aliquis_fw-la in_o seipsum_fw-la judge_n of_o equal_a power_n can_v exercise_v any_o rule_n over_o one_o another_o nor_o indeed_o can_v any_o one_o tie_n up_o one_o own_o self_n ibid._n self_n l._n 13._o parag_n 4._o dig_v ad_fw-la s._n c._n trâ—ble_a and_o gothofr_n ibid._n and_o therefore_o as_o it_o happen_v often_o that_o de_fw-fr eadem_fw-la resaepe_fw-la alius_fw-la aliud_fw-la decreverit_fw-la aut_fw-la judicaverit_fw-la upon_o the_o same_o fact_n one_o judge_n judge_n one_o way_n and_o another_o another_o so_o it_o be_v to_o be_v see_v too_o that_o illi_fw-la alias_o aliud_fw-la iisdem_fw-la de_fw-la rebus_fw-la &_o sentiunt_fw-la &_o judicant_fw-la the_o very_a same_o man_n do_v determine_v the_o same_o fact_n at_o divers_a time_n diverse_o say_v erodius_n 26._o erodius_n rer._n judic_n lib_n 1._o tit._n 1._o c._n 18._o etc._n etc._n 26._o for_o indeed_o the_o judgement_n of_o man_n may_v wax_v perfect_a by_o age_n study_n and_o experience_n than_o they_o be_v when_o they_o give_v their_o first_o judgement_n and_o those_o that_o do_v succeed_v may_v be_v by_o many_o degree_n more_o eminent_a in_o wisdom_n reason_n knowledge_n and_o eperience_n than_o those_o that_o sit_v in_o the_o same_o tribunal_n before_o they_o for_o there_o be_v in_o this_o world_n a_o undoubted_a wheel_a in_o all_o thing_n knowledge_n wit_n and_o understanding_n do_v not_o shine_v and_o prosper_v so_o in_o some_o time_n as_o in_o other_o succeed_a time_n they_o do_v and_o time_n to_o posterity_n may_v discover_v that_o to_o be_v a_o error_n which_o our_o ancestor_n think_v a_o truth_n three_o there_o must_v needs_o be_v little_a value_n and_o weight_n lay_v upon_o forego_v judgement_n even_o of_o the_o high_a and_o most_o exemplary_a tribunal_n of_o man_n nor_o can_v they_o be_v esteem_v such_o fit_a pattern_n for_o our_o imitation_n when_o it_o be_v consider_v what_o uncertainty_n they_o lie_v under_o what_o fail_n they_o be_v subject_a to_o and_o what_o artifices_fw-la subtlety_n invention_n practice_n and_o other_o undue_a mean_n be_v too_o too_o frequent_o use_v to_o corrupt_v and_o poison_v they_o for_o sometime_o pars_fw-la major_a vincit_fw-la meliorem_fw-la the_o great_a part_n weigh_v down_o the_o better_a where_o many_o judge_n be_v to_o pronounce_v judgement_n and_o some_o one_o or_o two_o of_o they_o be_v eminent_o qualify_v above_o all_o the_o rest_n that_o which_o the_o great_a number_n concur_v in_o only_a must_v prevail_v and_o take_v effect_n but_o if_o the_o wise_a be_v dissenter_n numero_fw-la potius_fw-la quam_fw-la scientia_fw-la judicatur_fw-la there_o be_v more_o of_o number_n than_o of_o weight_n or_o knowledge_n in_o such_o a_o sentence_n sometime_o he_o in_o who_o favour_n sentence_n be_v give_v carry_v it_o but_o by_o one_o vote_n more_o than_o he_o against_o who_o it_o pass_v sometime_o some_o one_o of_o the_o judge_n be_v more_o renown_v or_o happy_o more_o eloquent_a than_o his_o fellow_n do_v either_o through_o his_o greatness_n speech_n dexterity_n or_o wit_n draw_v all_o the_o rest_n into_o error_n by_o his_o too_o powerful_a interpose_v but_o the_o danger_n of_o pass_v wrong_n and_o erroneous_a judgement_n be_v great_a where_o the_o office_n and_o power_n of_o judge_a rest_n in_o one_o single_a person_n only_o since_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o draw_v away_o and_o overcome_v one_o than_o many_o and_o although_o it_o be_v his_o office_n to_o set_v before_o his_o eye_n law_n religion_n equity_n and_o truth_n and_o remove_v far_o from_o he_o arbitrary_a &_o licentious_a will_n love_n hatred_n envy_n fear_v indulgence_n covetousness_n &_o all_o inordinate_a affection_n whatsoever_o yet_o here_o too_o say_v quintilian_n pecunia_fw-la quoque_fw-la persuadet_fw-la &_o gratia_fw-la &_o autoritas_fw-la dicentis_fw-la &_o dignitas_fw-la &_o postremò_fw-la aspectus_fw-la etiam_fw-la ipse_fw-la sine_fw-la voce_fw-la quo_fw-la vel_fw-la recordatio_fw-la merltorum_fw-la cujusque_fw-la vel_fw-la favy_n aliqua_fw-la miserabilis_fw-la vel_fw-la formae_fw-la pulchritudo_fw-la sententiam_fw-la dictat_fw-la money_n do_v prevail_v and_o favour_n and_o the_o graciousness_n of_o the_o suppliant_a and_o greatness_n do_v draw_v away_o and_o sometime_o even_o the_o very_a presence_n without_o any_o speak_n either_o through_o the_o remembrance_n of_o some_o eminent_a deserve_n or_o through_o the_o countenance_n be_v either_o mournful_a or_o sad_a to_o pity_v or_o to_o admiration_n beautiful_a be_v a_o mean_n to_o melt_v a_o judge_n and_o to_o corrupt_v and_o infect_v the_o sentence_n it_o be_v too_o common_a also_o that_o the_o wrong_a cause_n be_v follow_v with_o exact_a diligence_n strengthen_v with_o the_o patronage_n of_o the_o most_o &_o the_o best_a advocate_n &_o some_o of_o they_o happy_o too_o near_o relate_v to_o the_o judge_n himself_o and_o assist_v with_o all_o other_o advantage_n that_o can_v make_v victory_n hopeful_a when_o right_o be_v destitute_a of_o all_o assistance_n and_o but_o weak_o and_o faint_o defend_v the_o one_o side_n too_o bold_a and_o press_a the_o other_o too_o too_o modest_a and_o bashful_a show_v a_o kind_n of_o guilt_n in_o blush_n it_o be_v not_o so_o rare_a neither_o as_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v that_o the_o regal_a or_o other_o supreme_a power_n do_v intermeddle_v in_o the_o very_a act_n of_o justice_n either_o direct_o or_o by_o some_o remote_a influence_n especial_o when_o a_o nation_n be_v embroil_v in_o trouble_n and_o divide_v into_o divers_a party_n for_o in_o such_o case_n justice_n be_v make_v subservient_fw-fr and_o ministerial_a to_o the_o strong_a and_o most_o prevail_a faction_n these_o be_v the_o dissiculty_n and_o temptation_n which_o all_o court_n of_o justice_n have_v to_o contend_v withal_o under_o which_o they_o may_v more_o easy_o fall_v than_o withstand_v and_o vanquish_v they_o the_o judgement_n therefore_o and_o sentence_n which_o they_o deliver_v though_o we_o must_v acquiesce_v in_o and_o sit_v down_o by_o they_o as_o to_o such_o case_n which_o the_o same_o be_v purposely_o give_v for_o to_o decide_v and_o as_o to_o such_o person_n that_o be_v mention_v or_o concern_v therein_o for_o else_o there_o will_v be_v no_o end_n of_o controversy_n nor_o no_o man_n right_n will_v be_v
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a_o nation_n that_o shall_v be_v most_o clear_a and_o rational_a be_v wrap_v up_o in_o a_o strange_a language_n deliver_v in_o term_n most_o intricate_a and_o the_o matter_n thereof_o not_o intelligible_a by_o any_o degree_n of_o true_a reason_n or_o learning_n the_o people_n be_v present_o possess_v with_o a_o jealousy_n that_o their_o dear_a right_n and_o most_o precious_a interest_n may_v miscarry_v under_o they_o and_o their_o sure_a possession_n snatch_v from_o they_o under_o pretence_n of_o a_o law_n which_o they_o can_v discern_v any_o justice_n or_o reason_n in_o till_o at_o last_o they_o fall_v into_o open_a rage_n and_o distemper_n thereby_o disturb_v the_o public_a peace_n and_o ofttimes_o shake_v the_o very_a government_n itself_o in_o their_o fury_n 1._o fury_n legum_n at_o ma_fw-fr gistratuum_fw-la con_fw-mi temptum_fw-la sequun_fw-it tue_o populi_fw-la sediti_fw-la osae_fw-la voces_fw-la &_o adve_v sus_fw-la priucipes_fw-la ipsos_fw-la conjurationes_fw-la ac_fw-la defectiones_fw-la bodin_n de_fw-fr rep_n l._n 3._o c._n 1._o for_o there_o be_v no_o bondage_n like_a to_o the_o slavery_n of_o the_o judgement_n and_o the_o captivity_n of_o the_o will_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o great_a occasion_n or_o ground_n of_o fear_n then_o when_o a_o man_n be_v constrain_v to_o tread_v such_o step_n where_o his_o understanding_n can_v guide_v he_o but_o especial_o for_o one_o fortune_n or_o personal_a safety_n to_o be_v expose_v to_o danger_n in_o such_o unknown_a and_o undiscernible_a way_n it_o must_v needs_o draw_v on_o a_o great_a distemper_n in_o the_o mind_n because_o of_o the_o great_a consequence_n thereon_o depend_v moreover_o when_o the_o dictate_v and_o proceed_n of_o law_n be_v rational_a we_o be_v much_o assist_v by_o our_o reason_n in_o a_o conformity_n and_o obedience_n to_o they_o even_o when_o we_o do_v not_o exact_o know_v the_o law_n itself_o and_o we_o do_v not_o so_o soon_o slip_v into_o danger_n or_o mischief_n under_o it_o when_o we_o 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keep_v themselves_o and_o their_o estate_n in_o safety_n at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o also_o learn_v all_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o moral_a life_n and_o suck_v in_o the_o true_a principle_n of_o practical_a integrity_n and_o civil_a conversation_n and_o this_o among_o many_o other_o have_v be_v one_o very_o powerful_a inducement_n to_o christian_a nation_n to_o receive_v and_o cherish_v the_o use_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n to_o much_o as_o they_o do_v because_o no_o humane_a law_n or_o learning_n do_v so_o well_o teach_v man_n to_o be_v just_o virtuous_a &_o innocent_a in_o all_o the_o action_n of_o this_o life_n as_o that_o law_n do_v justitiam_fw-la colimus_fw-la &_o boni_fw-la &_o aequi_fw-la notitiam_fw-la profitemur_fw-la aequum_fw-la de_fw-la iniquo_fw-la separantes_fw-la licitum_fw-la ab_fw-la illicito_fw-la discernentes_fw-la bononon_fw-la solum_fw-la metu_fw-la poenarum_fw-la verùm_fw-la etiam_fw-la proemiorun_v quoque_fw-la exhortatione_n efficere_fw-la cupientes_fw-la veram_fw-la nist_n fallor_fw-la philosophiam_fw-la non_fw-la simulatam_fw-la affectantes_fw-la save_v ulpian_n jur_n ulpian_n l._n 1._o dig_v de_fw-fr just._n &_o jur_n in_o the_o name_n of_o all_o the_o lawyer_n we_o adore_v justice_n and_o the_o knowledge_n of_o right_n and_o equity_n be_v our_o profession_n divide_v equity_n from_o what_o be_v unequal_a discern_v lawful_a thing_n from_o unlawful_a aim_v to_o make_v man_n virtuous_a as_o well_o by_o reward_v they_o where_o they_o do_v well_o as_o punish_v they_o when_o they_o do_v ill_a teach_v such_o wisdom_n if_o i_o mistake_v not_o say_v he_o as_o be_v not_o for_o show_v and_o ostentation_n but_o be_v true_a solid_a and_o substantial_a for_o cujacius_n explain_v the_o last_o word_n of_o that_o law_n make_v it_o the_o proper_a office_n of_o a_o lawyer_n to_o teach_v man_n to_o bridle_v their_o lust_n and_o appetite_n to_o study_v the_o common_a good_a to_o defend_v their_o own_o to_o keep_v their_o desire_n hand_n and_o eye_n from_o the_o good_n of_o other_o which_o be_v but_o the_o lesson_n of_o a_o true_a philosopher_n likewise_o the_o sum_n and_o substance_n of_o all_o that_o a_o man_n owe_v moral_o either_o to_o himself_o or_o other_o be_v comprise_v in_o the_o three_o general_a precept_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n honestè_fw-fr vivere_fw-la alterum_fw-la non_fw-la laedere_fw-la suum_fw-la cuique_fw-la tribuere_fw-la 1_o tribuere_fw-la l_o 10_o dig_v de_fw-fr just_a &_o jur._n parag._n 1_o to_o live_v sober_o not_o to_o hurt_v another_o to_o give_v every_o one_o his_o own_o the_o first_o duty_n concern_v our_o own_o self_n and_o be_v the_o fruit_n of_o modesty_n forbid_v we_o to_o do_v any_o thing_n whereby_o we_o may_v seem_v lewd_a or_o vicious_a nor_o to_o show_v any_o kind_n of_o dissoluteness_n either_o in_o our_o speech_n habit_n or_o manner_n and_o to_o refrain_v from_o any_o act_n quod_fw-la vel_fw-la nos_fw-la commaculet_fw-la solos_fw-la say_v 10._o say_v d._n l._n 10._o cujacius_n that_o be_v which_o may_v stain_v our_o person_n though_o none_o be_v privy_a to_o it_o but_o ourselves_o the_o other_o two_o be_v the_o proper_a effect_n of_o temperance_n and_o justice_n and_o owe_v to_o other_o who_o we_o be_v to_o live_v converse_v and_o deal_v with_o teach_v we_o to_o abstain_v from_o theft_n violence_n rapine_n and_o injury_n to_o render_v back_o to_o all_o man_n what_o we_o have_v of_o they_o or_o do_v owe_v they_o reward_v to_o virtuous_a action_n and_o to_o evil_a punishment_n and_o to_o make_v full_a satisfaction_n for_o damage_n or_o detriment_n do_v to_o other_o through_o our_o mean_n again_o though_o law_n very_o rare_o continue_v when_o the_o stare_n of_o government_n come_v to_o be_v quite_o change_v as_o it_o fall_v out_o in_o the_o roman_a state_n at_o first_o long_o before_o the_o time_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n where_o jur._n where_o l._n 2._o dig._n de_fw-fr orig._n jur._n pomponius_n write_v that_o exactis_fw-la regibus_fw-la omnes_fw-la leget_fw-la
pure_a reason_n and_o true_a natural_a equity_n already_o the_o roman_n who_o through_o the_o largeness_n of_o their_o empire_n and_o the_o long_a continuance_n of_o it_o have_v deal_n with_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o world_n then_o inhabit_v and_o find_v out_o and_o so_o have_v beyond_o other_o nation_n the_o great_a opportunity_n to_o see_v the_o wonderful_a variety_n of_o question_n and_o controversy_n that_o fall_v out_o between_o man_n and_o man_n in_o their_o mutual_a transaction_n when_o such_o a_o numberless_a number_n of_o they_o come_v before_o their_o own_o judicatory_n they_o chief_o mind_v the_o regulation_n of_o such_o matter_n the_o law_n that_o be_v now_o extant_a be_v almost_o whole_o take_v up_o in_o they_o and_o handle_v the_o public_a very_o spare_o for_o of_o the_o fifty_o book_n of_o the_o digest_v nine_o and_o forty_o do_v almost_o whole_o consist_v of_o these_o private_a controversiall_a thing_n they_o have_v take_v up_o likewise_o all_o the_o code_n 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authorise_v and_o confirm_v the_o same_o wherefore_o in_o as_o much_o as_o our_o action_n be_v conversant_a about_o thing_n beset_v with_o many_o circumstance_n which_o cause_n man_n of_o sundry_a wit_n to_o be_v also_o of_o sundry_a judgement_n concern_v that_o which_o ought_v to_o be_v do_v beneficial_a it_o can_v but_o seem_v that_o the_o rule_n of_o civil_a law_n have_v herein_o help_v our_o infirmity_n whereby_o we_o do_v so_o well_o understand_v what_o be_v right_a and_o just_a and_o what_o otherwise_o though_o the_o first_o principle_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v easy_a and_o discern_v general_o by_o all_o man_n yet_o concern_v the_o duty_n which_o nature_n law_n do_v require_v at_o the_o hand_n of_o man_n in_o a_o number_n of_o thing_n particular_a so_o far_o have_v the_o natural_a understanding_n even_o of_o sundry_a whole_a nation_n be_v darken_v that_o they_o have_v not_o discern_v no_o not_o gross_a injustice_n and_o injury_n to_o be_v so_o whereby_o it_o appear_v how_o much_o we_o be_v bind_v to_o admire_v the_o profound_a wisdom_n and_o even_o honour_v the_o memory_n of_o the_o roman_a lawgiver_n who_o have_v deliver_v such_o a_o law_n to_o the_o world_n a_o law_n wherein_o so_o many_o thing_n be_v lay_v open_a clear_a and_o manifest_a as_o a_o light_n which_o otherwise_o may_v have_v be_v bury_v in_o darkness_n not_o without_o the_o hazard_n or_o rather_o not_o with_o the_o hazard_n but_o with_o the_o certain_a loss_n of_o the_o right_n of_o many_o man_n and_o nation_n for_o albert_n there_o be_v in_o the_o civil_a law_n as_o there_o be_v and_o must_v be_v in_o all_o law_n whatsoever_o a_o very_a great_a intermixture_n of_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v establish_v by_o the_o voluntary_a determination_n and_o proceed_v from_o the_o mere_a will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o those_o that_o have_v ordain_v they_o who_o may_v limit_v time_n place_n form_n action_n reward_n punishment_n &_o difference_n person_n &_o may_v order_v and_o dispose_v of_o all_o 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and_o affection_n thereunto_o will_v appear_v even_o when_o the_o contrary_a be_v perform_v so_o true_a be_v that_o of_o the_o civil_a law_n jura_n naturalia_fw-la sunt_fw-la immutabilia_fw-la civil_a immutabilia_fw-la parag._n 11._o inst_z de_fw-fr jur_fw-fr nat_n geut_fw-fr &_o civil_a the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o common_a reason_n of_o nation_n be_v unchangeable_a and_o be_v not_o capable_a to_o be_v repeal_v for_o if_o it_o be_v once_o admit_v that_o these_o law_n be_v alterable_a what_o strange_a contradiction_n and_o senseless_a incongruity_n will_v follow_v and_o how_o will_v man_n be_v ravish_v as_o it_o be_v from_o himself_o his_o reason_n one_o chief_a part_n of_o his_o essence_n be_v take_v away_o beside_o how_o will_v sin_n and_o trespass_n against_o nature_n multiply_v how_o common_a will_v natural_a injustice_n be_v and_o what_o loud_a complaint_n thereof_o will_v arise_v whereby_o not_o only_o great_a confusion_n will_v break_v in_o and_o the_o peace_n of_o 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change_n