apply_v his_o thought_n right_o that_o way_n §_o 9_o but_o how_o can_v those_o man_n think_v the_o use_n of_o reason_n necessary_a to_o discover_v principle_n that_o be_v suppose_v innate_a when_o reason_n if_o we_o may_v believe_v they_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o faculty_n of_o deduce_v unknown_a truth_n from_o principle_n or_o proposition_n that_o be_v already_o know_v that_o certain_o can_v never_o be_v think_v innate_a which_o we_o have_v need_n of_o reason_n to_o discover_v unless_o as_o i_o have_v say_v we_o will_v have_v all_o the_o certain_a truth_n that_o reason_n ever_o teach_v we_o to_o be_v innate_a we_o may_v as_o well_o think_v the_o use_n of_o reason_n necessary_a to_o make_v our_o eye_n discover_v visible-object_n as_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v need_n of_o reason_n or_o the_o exercise_n thereof_o to_o make_v the_o understanding_n see_v what_o be_v original_o engrave_v in_o it_o and_o can_v be_v in_o the_o understanding_n before_o it_o be_v perceive_v by_o it_o so_o that_o to_o make_v reason_n discover_v those_o truth_n thus_o imprint_v be_v to_o say_v that_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n discover_v to_o a_o man_n what_o he_o know_v before_o and_o if_o man_n have_v these_o innate_a impress_a truth_n original_o and_o before_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n and_o yet_o be_v always_o ignorant_a of_o they_o till_o they_o come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n it_o be_v in_o effect_n to_o say_v that_o man_n know_v and_o know_v they_o not_o at_o the_o same_o time_n §_o 10._o it_o will_v here_o perhaps_o be_v say_v that_o mathematical_a demonstration_n and_o other_o truth_n that_o be_v not_o innate_a be_v not_o assent_v to_o as_o soon_o as_o propose_v wherein_o they_o be_v distinguish_v from_o these_o maxim_n and_o other_o innate_a truth_n i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v of_o assent_n upon_o the_o first_o propose_v more_o particular_o by_o and_o by_o i_o shall_v here_o only_o and_o that_o very_o ready_o allow_v that_o these_o maxim_n and_o mathematical_a demonstration_n be_v in_o this_o different_a that_o the_o one_o have_v need_n of_o reason_n use_v of_o proof_n to_o make_v they_o out_o and_o to_o gain_v our_o assent_n but_o the_o other_o as_o soon_o as_o understand_v be_v without_o any_o the_o least_o reason_v embrace_v and_o assent_v to_o but_o i_o withal_o beg_v leave_v to_o observe_v that_o it_o lay_v open_v the_o weakness_n of_o this_o subterfuge_n which_o require_v the_o use_n of_o reason_n for_o the_o discovery_n of_o these_o general_a truth_n since_o it_o must_v be_v confess_v that_o in_o their_o discovery_n there_o be_v no_o use_n make_v of_o reason_v at_o all_o and_o i_o think_v those_o who_o give_v this_o answer_n will_v not_o be_v forward_o to_o affirm_v that_o the_o knowledge_n of_o this_o maxim_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o be_v and_o not_o to_o be_v be_v a_o deduction_n of_o our_o reason_n for_o this_o will_v be_v to_o destroy_v that_o bounty_n of_o nature_n they_o seem_v so_o fond_a of_o whilst_o they_o make_v the_o knowledge_n of_o those_o principle_n to_o depend_v on_o the_o labour_n of_o our_o thought_n for_o all_o reason_v be_v search_n and_o cast_v about_o and_o require_v pain_n and_o application_n and_o how_o can_v it_o with_o any_o tolerable_a sense_n be_v suppose_v that_o what_o be_v imprint_v by_o nature_n as_o the_o foundation_n and_o guide_n of_o our_o reason_n shall_v need_v the_o use_n of_o reason_n to_o discover_v it_o §_o 11._o those_o who_o will_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o reflect_v with_o a_o little_a attention_n on_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o understanding_n will_v find_v that_o this_o ready_a assent_n of_o the_o mind_n to_o some_o truth_n depend_v not_o either_o on_o native_a inscription_n nor_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n but_o on_o a_o faculty_n of_o the_o mind_n quite_o distinct_a from_o both_o of_o they_o as_o we_o shall_v see_v hereafter_o reason_n therefore_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v in_o procure_v our_o assent_n to_o these_o maxim_n if_o by_o say_v that_o man_n know_v and_o assent_v to_o they_o when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n be_v mean_v that_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n assist_v we_o in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o these_o maxim_n it_o be_v utter_o false_a and_o be_v it_o true_a will_v prove_v they_o not_o to_o be_v innate_a §_o 12._o if_o by_o know_v and_o assent_v to_o they_o when_o we_o come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n be_v mean_v that_o this_o be_v the_o time_n when_o they_o come_v to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o by_o the_o mind_n and_o that_o as_o soon_o as_o child_n come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n they_o come_v also_o to_o know_v and_o assent_v to_o these_o maxim_n this_o also_o be_v false_a and_o frivolous_a first_o it_o be_v false_a because_o it_o be_v evident_a these_o maxim_n be_v not_o in_o the_o mind_n so_o early_o as_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n and_o therefore_o the_o come_n to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n be_v false_o assign_v as_o the_o time_n of_o their_o discovery_n how_o many_o instance_n of_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n may_v we_o observe_v in_o child_n a_o long_a time_n before_o they_o have_v any_o knowledge_n of_o this_o maxim_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o be_v and_o not_o to_o be_v and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o illiterate_a people_n and_o savage_n pass_v many_o year_n even_o of_o their_o rational_a age_n without_o ever_o think_v on_o this_o and_o the_o like_a general_a proposition_n i_o grant_v man_n come_v not_o to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o these_o general_a and_o more_o abstract_a truth_n which_o be_v think_v innate_a till_o they_o come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n and_o i_o add_v nor_o then_o neither_o which_o be_v so_o because_o till_o after_o they_o come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n those_o general_a abstract_n idea_n be_v not_o frame_v in_o the_o mind_n about_o which_o those_o general_a maxim_n be_v which_o be_v mistake_v for_o innate_a principle_n but_o be_v indeed_o discovery_n make_v and_o verity_n introduce_v and_o bring_v into_o the_o mind_n by_o the_o same_o way_n and_o discover_v by_o the_o same_o step_n as_o several_a other_o proposition_n which_o no_o body_n be_v ever_o so_o extravagant_a as_o to_o suppose_v innate_a this_o i_o hope_v to_o make_v plain_a in_o the_o sequel_n of_o this_o discourse_n i_o allow_v therefore_o a_o necessity_n that_o man_n shall_v come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n before_o they_o get_v the_o knowledge_n of_o those_o general_a truth_n but_o deny_v that_o man_n come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n be_v the_o time_n of_o their_o discovery_n §_o 13._o in_o the_o mean_a time_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o this_o say_n that_o man_n know_v and_o assent_v to_o these_o maxim_n when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n amount_v in_o reality_n of_o fact_n to_o no_o more_o but_o this_o that_o they_o be_v never_o know_v nor_o take_v notice_n of_o before_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n but_o may_v possible_o be_v assent_v to_o sometime_o after_o during_o a_o man_n life_n but_o when_o be_v uncertain_a and_o so_o may_v all_o other_o knowable_a truth_n as_o well_o as_o these_o which_o therefore_o have_v no_o advantage_n nor_o distinction_n from_o other_o by_o this_o note_n of_o be_v know_v when_o we_o come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n nor_o be_v thereby_o prove_v to_o be_v innate_a but_o quite_o the_o contrary_n §_o 14._o but_o second_o be_v it_o true_a that_o the_o precise_a time_n of_o their_o be_v know_v and_o assent_v to_o be_v when_o man_n come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n neither_o will_v that_o prove_v they_o innate_a this_o way_n of_o argue_v be_v as_o frivolous_a as_o the_o supposition_n of_o itself_o be_v false_a for_o by_o what_o kind_n of_o logic_n will_v it_o appear_v that_o any_o notion_n be_v original_o by_o nature_n imprint_v in_o the_o mind_n in_o its_o first_o constitution_n because_o it_o come_v first_o to_o be_v observe_v and_o assent_v to_o when_o a_o faculty_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o have_v quite_o a_o distinct_a province_n begin_v to_o exert_v itself_o and_o therefore_o the_o come_n to_o the_o use_n of_o speech_n if_o it_o be_v suppose_v the_o time_n that_o these_o maxim_n be_v first_o assent_v to_o which_o it_o may_v be_v with_o as_o much_o truth_n as_o the_o time_n when_o man_n come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n will_v be_v as_o good_a a_o proof_n that_o they_o be_v innate_a as_o to_o say_v they_o be_v innate_a because_o man_n assent_v to_o they_o when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n i_o agree_v then_o with_o these_o man_n of_o innate_a principle_n that_o there_o be_v no_o knowledge_n of_o these_o general_a and_o self-evident_a maxim_n in_o the_o mind_n till_o it_o come_v to_o the_o exercise_n of_o
idea_n that_o shall_v discover_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o any_o other_o and_o to_o apply_v they_o right_o be_v i_o suppose_v that_o which_o be_v call_v sagacity_n §_o 4._o this_o knowledge_n by_o intervening_a proof_n though_o it_o be_v certain_a yet_o the_o evidence_n of_o it_o be_v not_o altogether_o so_o clear_a and_o bright_a nor_o the_o assent_n so_o ready_a as_o in_o intuitive_a knowledge_n for_o though_o in_o demonstration_n the_o mind_n do_v at_o last_o perceive_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o the_o idea_n it_o consider_v yet_o it_o be_v not_o without_o pain_n and_o attention_n there_o must_v be_v more_o than_o one_o transient_a view_n to_o find_v it_o a_o steady_a application_n and_o pursuit_n be_v require_v to_o this_o discovery_n and_o there_o must_v be_v a_o progression_n by_o step_n and_o degree_n before_o the_o mind_n can_v in_o this_o way_n arrive_v at_o certainty_n and_o come_v to_o perceive_v the_o agreement_n or_o repugnancy_n between_o two_o idea_n that_o need_v proof_n and_o the_o use_v of_o reason_n to_o show_v it_o §_o 5._o another_o difference_n between_o intuitive_a and_o demonstrative_a knowledge_n be_v that_o though_o in_o the_o latter_a all_o doubt_n be_v remove_v when_o by_o the_o intervention_n of_o the_o intermediate_v idea_n the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n be_v perceive_v yet_o before_o the_o demonstration_n there_o be_v a_o doubt_n which_o in_o intuitive_a knowledge_n can_v happen_v to_o the_o mind_n that_o have_v its_o faculty_n of_o perception_n leave_v to_o a_o degree_n capable_a of_o distinct_a idea_n no_o more_o than_o it_o can_v be_v a_o doubt_n to_o the_o eye_n that_o can_v distinct_o see_v white_a and_o black_a whether_o this_o ink_n and_o this_o paper_n be_v all_o of_o a_o colour_n if_o there_o be_v sight_n in_o the_o eye_n it_o will_v at_o first_o glimpse_n without_o hesitation_n perceive_v the_o word_n print_v on_o this_o paper_n different_a from_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o paper_n and_o so_o if_o the_o mind_n have_v the_o faculty_n of_o distinct_a perception_n it_o will_v perceive_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o those_o idea_n that_o produce_v intuitive_a knowledge_n if_o the_o eye_n have_v lose_v the_o faculty_n of_o see_v or_o the_o mind_n of_o perceive_v we_o in_o vain_a inquire_v after_o the_o quickness_n of_o sight_n in_o one_o or_o clearness_n of_o perception_n in_o the_o other_o §_o 6._o it_o be_v true_a the_o perception_n produce_v by_o demonstration_n be_v also_o very_o clear_a but_o yet_o it_o be_v often_o with_o a_o great_a abatement_n of_o that_o evident_a lustre_n and_o full_a assurance_n that_o always_o accompany_v that_o which_o i_o call_v intuitive_a like_o a_o face_n reflect_v by_o several_a mirror_n one_o to_o another_o where_o as_o long_o as_o it_o retain_v the_o similitude_n and_o agreement_n with_o the_o object_n it_o produce_v a_o knowledge_n but_o it_o be_v still_o every_o reflection_n with_o a_o lessen_v of_o that_o perfect_a clearness_n and_o distinctness_n which_o be_v in_o the_o first_o till_o in_o many_o remove_v it_o have_v a_o great_a mixture_n of_o dimness_n and_o be_v not_o at_o first_o sight_n so_o knowable_a especial_o to_o weak_a eye_n thus_o it_o be_v with_o knowledge_n make_v out_o by_o a_o long_a train_n of_o proof_n §_o 7._o now_o in_o every_o step_n reason_n make_v in_o demonstrative_a knowledge_n there_o be_v a_o intuitive_a knowledge_n of_o that_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n it_o seek_v with_o the_o next_o intermediate_v idea_n which_o it_o use_v as_o a_o proof_n for_o if_o it_o be_v not_o so_o that_o yet_o will_v need_v a_o proof_n since_o without_o the_o perception_n of_o such_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n there_o be_v no_o knowledge_n produce_v if_o it_o be_v perceive_v by_o itself_o it_o be_v intuitive_a knowledge_n if_o it_o can_v be_v perceive_v by_o itself_o there_o be_v need_n of_o some_o intervening_a idea_n as_o a_o common_a measure_n to_o show_v their_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n by_o which_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o every_o step_n in_o reason_v that_o produce_v knowledge_n have_v intuitive_a certainty_n which_o when_o the_o mind_n perceive_v there_o be_v no_o more_o require_v but_o to_o remember_v it_o to_o make_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o the_o idea_n concern_v which_o we_o inquire_v visible_a and_o certain_a so_o that_o to_o make_v any_o thing_n a_o demonstration_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o perceive_v the_o immediate_a agreement_n of_o the_o intervening_a idea_n whereby_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o the_o two_o idea_n under_o examination_n where_o the_o one_o be_v always_o the_o first_o and_o the_o other_o the_o last_o in_o the_o account_n be_v find_v this_o intuitive_a perception_n of_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o the_o intermediate_v idea_n in_o each_o step_n and_o progression_n of_o the_o demonstration_n must_v also_o be_v carry_v exact_o in_o the_o mind_n and_o a_o man_n must_v be_v sure_a that_o no_o part_n be_v leave_v out_o which_o because_o in_o long_a deduction_n and_o the_o use_n of_o many_o proof_n the_o memory_n do_v not_o always_o so_o ready_o and_o exact_o retain_v therefore_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o this_o be_v more_o imperfect_a than_o intuitive_a knowledge_n and_o man_n embrace_v often_o falsehood_n for_o demonstration_n §_o 8._o the_o necessity_n of_o this_o intuitive_a knowledge_n in_o each_o step_n of_o scientifical_a or_o demonstrative_a reason_v give_v occasion_n i_o imagine_v to_o that_o mistake_a axiom_n that_o all_o reason_v be_v ex_fw-la praecognitis_fw-la &_o praeconcessis_fw-la which_o how_o far_o it_o be_v a_o mistake_n i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o show_v more_o at_o large_a where_o i_o come_v to_o consider_v proposition_n and_o particular_o those_o proposition_n which_o be_v call_v maxim_n and_o to_o show_v that_o it_o be_v by_o a_o mistake_n that_o they_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v the_o foundation_n of_o all_o our_o knowledge_n and_o reason_n §_o 9_o it_o be_v not_o only_a mathematics_n or_o the_o idea_n alone_o of_o number_n extension_n and_o figure_n that_o be_v capable_a of_o demonstration_n no_o more_o than_o it_o be_v these_o idea_n alone_o and_o their_o mode_n that_o be_v capable_a of_o intuition_n for_o whatever_o idea_n we_o have_v wherein_o the_o mind_n can_v perceive_v the_o immediate_a agreement_n or_o disagreement_n that_o be_v between_o they_o there_o the_o mind_n be_v capable_a of_o intuitive_a knowledge_n and_o where_o it_o can_v perceive_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o any_o two_o idea_n by_o a_o intuitive_a perception_n of_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n they_o have_v with_o any_o intermediate_v idea_n there_o the_o mind_n be_v capable_a of_o demonstration_n which_o be_v not_o limit_v to_o idea_n of_o extension_n or_o figure_n or_o number_n or_o their_o modes_n §_o 10._o the_o reason_n why_o it_o have_v be_v general_o seek_v for_o and_o suppose_v to_o be_v only_o in_o those_o i_o imagine_v have_v be_v not_o only_o the_o general_a usefulness_n of_o those_o science_n but_o because_o in_o compare_v their_o equality_n or_o excess_n the_o modes_n of_o number_n have_v every_o the_o least_o difference_n very_o clear_a and_o perceivable_a and_o though_o in_o extension_n every_o the_o least_o excess_n be_v not_o so_o perceptible_a yet_o the_o mind_n have_v find_v out_o way_n to_o examine_v and_o discover_v demonstrative_o the_o just_a equality_n of_o two_o angle_n or_o extension_n or_o figure_n and_o both_o these_o i._n e._n number_n and_o figure_n can_v be_v set_v down_o by_o visible_a and_o last_a mark_n §_o 11._o but_o in_o other_o simple_a idea_n who_o modes_n and_o difference_n be_v make_v and_o count_v by_o degree_n and_o not_o quantity_n we_o have_v not_o so_o nice_a and_o accurate_a a_o distinction_n of_o their_o difference_n as_o to_o perceive_v or_o find_v way_n to_o measure_v their_o just_a equality_n or_o the_o least_o difference_n for_o those_o other_o simple_a idea_n be_v appearance_n or_o sensation_n produce_v in_o we_o by_o the_o size_n figure_n number_n and_o motion_n of_o minute_n corpuscle_n single_o insensible_a their_o different_a degree_n also_o depend_v upon_o the_o variation_n of_o some_o or_o all_o of_o those_o cause_n which_o since_o it_o can_v be_v observe_v by_o we_o in_o particle_n of_o matter_n whereof_o each_o be_v too_o subtle_a to_o be_v perceive_v it_o be_v impossible_a for_o we_o to_o have_v any_o exact_a measure_n of_o the_o different_a degree_n of_o these_o simple_a idea_n for_o suppose_v the_o sensation_n or_o idea_n we_o name_v whiteness_n be_v produce_v in_o we_o by_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o globules_n which_o have_v a_o verticity_n about_o their_o own_o centre_n strike_v upon_o the_o retina_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n with_o a_o certain_a degree_n of_o rotation_n as_o well_o as_o progressive_a swiftness_n it_o will_v hence_o easy_o follow_v that_o the_o more_o the_o superficial_a part_n of_o any_o body_n be_v so_o
nothing_o that_o be_v contrary_a to_o and_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o clear_a and_o self-evident_a dictate_v of_o reason_n have_v a_o right_a to_o be_v urge_v or_o assent_v to_o as_o a_o matter_n of_o faith_n wherein_o reason_n have_v nothing_o to_o do_v whatsoever_o be_v divine_a revelation_n aught_o to_o over-rule_v all_o our_o opinion_n prejudices_fw-la and_o interest_n and_o have_v a_o right_a to_o be_v receive_v with_o a_o full_a assent_n such_o a_o submission_n as_o this_o of_o our_o reason_n to_o faith_n take_v not_o away_o the_o landmark_n of_o knowledge_n this_o shake_v not_o the_o foundation_n of_o reason_n but_o leave_v we_o that_o use_v of_o our_o faculty_n for_o which_o they_o be_v give_v we_o §_o 11._o if_o the_o province_n of_o faith_n and_o reason_n be_v not_o keep_v distinct_a by_o these_o boundary_n there_o will_v in_o matter_n of_o religion_n be_v no_o more_o for_o reason_n at_o all_o and_o those_o extravagant_a opinion_n and_o ceremony_n that_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o several_a religion_n of_o the_o world_n will_v not_o deserve_v to_o be_v blame_v for_o to_o this_o cry_v up_o of_o faith_n in_o opposition_n to_o reason_n we_o may_v i_o think_v in_o good_a measure_n ascribe_v those_o absurdity_n that_o fill_v almost_o all_o the_o religion_n which_o possess_v and_o divide_v mankind_n for_o man_n have_v be_v principled_a with_o a_o opinion_n that_o they_o must_v not_o consult_v reason_n in_o the_o thing_n of_o religion_n however_o apparent_o contradictory_n to_o common_a sense_n and_o the_o very_a principle_n of_o all_o their_o knowledge_n have_v let_v loose_v their_o fancy_n and_o natural_a superstition_n and_o have_v be_v by_o they_o lead_v into_o so_o strange_a opinion_n and_o extravagant_a practice_n in_o religion_n that_o a_o considerate_a man_n can_v but_o stand_v amaze_v at_o their_o folly_n and_o judge_v they_o so_o far_o from_o be_v acceptable_a to_o the_o great_a and_o wise_a god_n that_o he_o can_v avoid_v think_v they_o ridiculous_a and_o offensive_a to_o a_o sober_a good_a man._n so_o that_o in_o effect_n that_o which_o most_o proper_o aught_o to_o distinguish_v we_o from_o beast_n that_o wherein_o we_o be_v elevate_v as_o rational_a creature_n above_o brute_n in_o that_o we_o appear_v most_o irrational_a and_o more_o senseless_a than_o beast_n themselves_o credo_fw-la quia_fw-la impossibile_fw-it est_fw-la i_o believe_v because_o it_o be_v impossible_a might_n in_o a_o good_a man_n pass_v for_o a_o sally_n of_o zeal_n but_o will_v prove_v a_o very_a ill_a rule_n for_o man_n to_o choose_v their_o opinion_n or_o religion_n by_o chap._n xix_o of_o wrong_a assent_n or_o error_n §_o 1._o knowledge_n be_v to_o be_v have_v only_o of_o visible_a certain_a truth_n error_n be_v not_o a_o fault_n of_o our_o knowledge_n but_o a_o mistake_n of_o our_o judgement_n give_v assent_n to_o that_o which_o be_v not_o true_a but_o if_o assent_n be_v ground_v on_o likelihood_n if_o the_o proper_a object_n and_o motive_n of_o our_o assent_n be_v probability_n and_o that_o probability_n consist_v in_o what_o be_v lay_v down_o in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n it_o will_v be_v demand_v how_o man_n come_v to_o give_v their_o assent_n contrary_a to_o probability_n for_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o common_a than_o contrariety_n of_o opinion_n nothing_o more_o obvious_a than_o that_o one_o man_n whole_o disbelieve_v what_o another_o only_a doubt_n of_o and_o a_o three_o steadfast_o believe_v and_o firm_o adhere_v to_o the_o reason_n whereof_o though_o they_o may_v be_v very_o various_a yet_o i_o suppose_v may_v all_o be_v reduce_v to_o these_o four_o 1._o want_v of_o proof_n 2._o want_v of_o ability_n to_o use_v they_o 3._o want_v of_o will_n to_o use_v they_o 4._o wrong_n measure_n of_o probability_n §_o 2._o first_o by_o want_n of_o proof_n i_o do_v not_o mean_v only_o the_o want_n of_o those_o proof_n which_o be_v no_o where_o extant_a which_o be_v no_o where_o to_o be_v have_v but_o the_o want_n even_o of_o those_o proof_n which_o be_v in_o be_v or_o may_v be_v procure_v and_o thus_o man_n want_v proof_n who_o have_v not_o the_o convenience_n or_o opportunity_n to_o make_v experiment_n and_o observation_n themselves_o tend_v to_o the_o proof_n of_o any_o proposition_n nor_o likewise_o the_o convenience_n to_o inquire_v into_o and_o collect_v the_o testimony_n of_o other_o and_o in_o this_o state_n be_v the_o great_a part_n of_o mankind_n who_o be_v give_v up_o to_o labour_n and_o enslave_v to_o the_o necessity_n of_o their_o mean_a condition_n who_o life_n be_v wear_v out_o only_o in_o the_o provision_n for_o live_v these_o man_n opportunity_n of_o knowledge_n and_o enquiry_n be_v common_o as_o narrow_a as_o their_o fortune_n and_o their_o understanding_n be_v but_o little_o instruct_v when_o all_o their_o whole_a time_n and_o pain_n be_v lay_v out_o to_o still_o the_o croak_n of_o their_o own_o belly_n or_o the_o cry_v of_o their_o child_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v expect_v that_o a_o man_n who_o drudge_n on_o all_o his_o life_n in_o a_o laborious_a trade_n shall_v be_v more_o know_v in_o the_o variety_n of_o thing_n do_v in_o the_o world_n than_o a_o packhorse_n who_o be_v drive_v constant_o forward_o and_o backward_o in_o a_o narrow_a lane_n and_o dirty_a road_n only_o to_o market_n shall_v be_v skill_v in_o the_o geography_n of_o the_o country_n nor_o be_v it_o at_o all_o more_o possible_a that_o he_o who_o want_v leisure_n book_n and_o language_n and_o the_o opportunity_n of_o converse_v with_o variety_n of_o man_n shall_v be_v in_o a_o condition_n to_o collect_v those_o testimony_n and_o observation_n which_o be_v in_o be_v and_o be_v necessary_a to_o make_v out_o many_o nay_o most_o of_o the_o proposition_n that_o in_o the_o society_n of_o man_n be_v judge_v of_o the_o great_a moment_n or_o to_o find_v out_o ground_n of_o assurance_n so_o great_a as_o the_o belief_n of_o the_o point_n he_o will_v build_v on_o they_o be_v think_v necessary_a so_o that_o a_o great_a part_n of_o mankind_n be_v by_o the_o natural_a and_o unalterable_a state_n of_o thing_n in_o this_o world_n and_o the_o constitution_n of_o (null)_o affair_n unavoidable_o give_v over_o to_o invincible_a ignorance_n of_o those_o prooss_n on_o which_o other_o build_v and_o which_o be_v necessary_a to_o establish_v those_o opinion_n the_o great_a part_n of_o man_n have_v much_o to_o do_v to_o get_v the_o mean_n of_o live_v be_v not_o in_o a_o condition_n to_o look_v after_o those_o of_o learned_a and_o laborious_a inquiry_n §_o 3._o what_o shall_v we_o say_v then_o be_v the_o great_a part_n of_o mankind_n by_o the_o necessity_n of_o their_o condition_n subject_v to_o unavoidable_a ignorance_n in_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v of_o great_a importance_n to_o they_o for_o of_o those_o it_o be_v obvious_a to_o inquire_v have_v the_o bulk_n of_o mankind_n no_o other_o guide_n but_o accident_n and_o blind_a chance_n to_o conduct_v they_o to_o their_o happiness_n or_o misery_n be_v the_o current_a opinion_n and_o license_a guide_n of_o every_o country_n sufficient_a evidence_n and_o security_n to_o every_o man_n to_o venture_v his_o great_a concernment_n on_o nay_o his_o everlasting_a happiness_n or_o misery_n or_o can_v those_o be_v the_o certain_a and_o infallible_a oracle_n and_o standard_n of_o truth_n which_o teach_v one_o thing_n in_o christendom_n and_o another_o in_o turkey_n or_o shall_v a_o poor_a countryman_n be_v eternal_o happy_a for_o have_v the_o chance_n to_o be_v bear_v in_o italy_n or_o a_o day-labourer_n be_v unavoidable_o lose_v because_o he_o have_v the_o ill_a luck_n to_o be_v bear_v in_o england_n how_o ready_a some_o man_n may_v be_v to_o say_v some_o of_o these_o thing_n i_o will_v not_o here_o examine_v but_o this_o i_o be_o sure_a that_o man_n must_v allow_v one_o or_o other_o of_o these_o to_o be_v true_a let_v they_o choose_v which_o they_o please_v or_o else_o grant_v that_o god_n have_v furnish_v man_n with_o faculty_n sufficient_a to_o direct_v they_o in_o the_o way_n they_o shall_v take_v if_o they_o will_v but_o serious_o employ_v they_o that_o way_n when_o their_o ordinary_a vocation_n allow_v they_o the_o leisure_n no_o man_n be_v so_o whole_o take_v up_o with_o the_o attendence_n on_o the_o mean_n of_o live_v as_o to_o have_v no_o spare_a time_n at_o all_o to_o think_v on_o his_o soul_n and_o inform_v himself_o in_o matter_n of_o religion_n be_v man_n as_o intent_n upon_o this_o as_o they_o be_v on_o thing_n of_o low_a concernment_n there_o be_v none_o so_o enslave_v to_o the_o necessity_n of_o life_n who_o may_v not_o find_v many_o vacancy_n that_o may_v be_v husband_v to_o this_o advantage_n of_o their_o knowledge_n §_o 4._o beside_o thosâ—_n who_o improvement_n and_o information_n be_v straighten_a by_o the_o narrowness_n of_o their_o fortune_n there_o be_v other_o who_o largeness_n
our_o knowledge_n that_o god_n reveal_v it_o which_o in_o this_o case_n where_o the_o proposition_n suppose_v reveal_v contradict_v our_o knowledge_n or_o reason_n will_v always_o have_v this_o objection_n hang_v to_o it_o viz._n that_o we_o can_v tell_v how_o to_o conceive_v that_o to_o come_v from_o god_n the_o bountiful_a author_n of_o our_o be_v which_o if_o receive_v for_o true_a must_v overturn_v all_o our_o principle_n and_o foundation_n of_o knowledge_n render_v all_o our_o faculty_n useless_a whole_o destroy_v the_o most_o excellent_a part_n of_o his_o workmanship_n our_o understanding_n and_o put_v a_o man_n in_o a_o condition_n wherein_o he_o will_v have_v less_o light_a less_o conduct_n than_o the_o beast_n that_o perish_v for_o if_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n can_v never_o have_v a_o clear_a and_o perhaps_o not_o so_o clear_a a_o evidence_n of_o any_o thing_n to_o be_v a_o divine_a revelation_n as_o it_o have_v of_o the_o principle_n of_o its_o own_o reason_n it_o can_v never_o have_v a_o ground_n to_o quit_v the_o clear_a evidence_n of_o its_o reason_n to_o give_v place_n to_o a_o proposition_n who_o revelation_n have_v not_o a_o great_a evidence_n §_o 6._o thus_o far_o a_o man_n have_v use_v of_o reason_n and_o aught_o to_o hearken_v to_o it_o even_o in_o immediate_a and_o original_a revelation_n where_o it_o be_v supposed_o make_v to_o himself_o but_o to_o all_o those_o who_o pretend_v not_o to_o immediate_a revelation_n but_o be_v require_v to_o pay_v obedience_n and_o to_o receive_v the_o truth_n reveal_v to_o other_o which_o by_o the_o tradition_n of_o write_n or_o word_n of_o mouth_n be_v convey_v down_o to_o they_o reason_n have_v a_o great_a deal_n more_o to_o do_v and_o be_v that_o only_a which_o can_v induce_v we_o to_o receive_v they_o for_o matter_n of_o faith_n be_v only_o divine_a revelation_n and_o nothing_o else_o faith_n as_o we_o use_v the_o word_n call_v common_o divine_a faith_n have_v to_o do_v with_o no_o proposition_n but_o those_o which_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v divine_o reveal_v so_o that_o i_o do_v not_o see_v how_o those_o who_o make_v revelation_n alone_o the_o sole_a object_n of_o faith_n can_v say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o faith_n and_o not_o of_o reason_n to_o believe_v that_o such_o or_o such_o a_o proposition_n to_o be_v find_v in_o such_o or_o such_o a_o book_n be_v of_o divine_a inspiration_n unless_o it_o be_v reveal_v that_o that_o proposition_n or_o all_o in_o that_o book_n be_v communicate_v by_o divine_a inspiration_n without_o such_o a_o revelation_n the_o believe_a or_o not_o believe_v that_o proposition_n or_o book_n to_o be_v of_o divine_a authority_n can_v never_o be_v matter_n of_o faith_n but_o matter_n of_o reason_n and_o such_o as_o i_o must_v come_v to_o a_o assent_n to_o only_o by_o the_o use_n of_o my_o reason_n which_o can_v never_o require_v or_o enable_v i_o to_o believe_v that_o which_o be_v contrary_a to_o itself_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o reason_n ever_o to_o procure_v any_o assent_n to_o that_o which_o to_o itself_o appear_v unreasonable_a in_o all_o thing_n therefore_o where_o we_o have_v clear_a evidence_n from_o our_o idea_n and_o those_o principle_n of_o knowledge_n i_o have_v above_o mention_v reason_n be_v the_o proper_a judge_n and_o revelation_n though_o it_o may_v in_o consent_v with_o it_o confirm_v its_o dictate_v yet_o can_v in_o such_o case_n invalidate_v its_o decree_n nor_o can_v we_o be_v oblige_v where_o we_o have_v the_o clear_a and_o evident_a sentence_n of_o reason_n to_o quit_v it_o for_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n under_o a_o pretence_n that_o it_o be_v matter_n of_o faith_n §_o 7._o but_o three_o there_o be_v many_o thing_n wherein_o we_o have_v very_o imperfect_a notion_n or_o none_o at_o all_o and_o other_o thing_n of_o who_o past_a present_a or_o future_a existence_n by_o the_o natural_a use_n of_o our_o faculty_n we_o can_v have_v no_o knowledge_n at_o all_o these_o as_o be_v beyond_o the_o discovery_n of_o our_o natural_a faculty_n and_o above_o reason_n be_v when_o reveal_v the_o proper_a matter_n of_o faith_n thus_o that_o part_n of_o the_o angel_n rebel_v against_o god_n and_o thereby_o lose_v their_o first_o happy_a state_n and_o that_o the_o body_n of_o man_n shall_v rise_v and_o live_v again_o these_o and_o the_o like_a be_v beyond_o the_o discovery_n of_o reason_n be_v pure_o matter_n of_o faith_n with_o which_o reason_n have_v direct_o nothing_o to_o do_v §_o 8._o but_o since_o all_o thing_n that_o be_v under_o the_o character_n of_o divine_a revelation_n be_v esteem_v matter_n of_o faith_n and_o there_o be_v among_o they_o several_a thing_n that_o fall_v under_o the_o examen_fw-la of_o reason_n and_o be_v such_o as_o we_o can_v judge_v of_o by_o our_o natural_a faculty_n without_o a_o supernatural_a revelation_n in_o these_o revelation_n must_v carry_v it_o against_o the_o probable_a conjecture_n of_o reason_n because_o the_o mind_n not_o be_v certain_a of_o the_o truth_n of_o that_o it_o do_v not_o evident_o know_v but_o be_v only_o probable_o convince_v of_o be_v bind_v to_o give_v up_o its_o assent_n to_o such_o a_o testimony_n which_o it_o be_v satisfy_v come_v from_o one_o who_o can_v err_v and_o will_v not_o deceive_v but_o yet_o it_o still_o belong_v to_o reason_n to_o judge_v of_o the_o truth_n of_o its_o be_v a_o revelation_n and_o of_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n wherein_o it_o be_v deliver_v indeed_o if_o any_o thing_n shall_v be_v think_v revelation_n which_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o plain_a principle_n of_o reason_n and_o the_o evident_a knowledge_n the_o mind_n have_v of_o its_o own_o clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n there_o reason_n must_v be_v hearken_v to_o as_o to_o a_o matter_n within_o its_o province_n since_o a_o man_n can_v never_o have_v so_o certain_a a_o knowledge_n that_o a_o proposition_n which_o contradict_v the_o clear_a principle_n and_o evidence_n of_o his_o own_o knowledge_n be_v divine_o reveal_v or_o that_o he_o understand_v the_o word_n right_o wherein_o it_o be_v deliver_v as_o he_o have_v that_o the_o contrary_a be_v true_a and_o so_o be_v bind_v to_o consider_v and_o judge_v of_o it_o as_o a_o matter_n of_o reason_n and_o not_o swallow_v it_o without_o examination_n as_o a_o matter_n of_o faith_n §_o 9_o the_o sum_n of_o all_o be_v first_o whatever_o proposition_n be_v reveal_v of_o who_o truth_n our_o mind_n by_o its_o natural_a faculty_n and_o notion_n can_v judge_v that_o be_v pure_o matter_n of_o faith_n and_o above_o reason_n second_o all_o proposition_n whereof_o the_o mind_n by_o the_o use_n of_o its_o natural_a faculty_n can_v come_v to_o determine_v and_o judge_v from_o natural_a acquire_v idea_n be_v matter_n of_o reason_n with_o this_o difference_n still_o that_o in_o those_o concern_v which_o it_o have_v but_o a_o uncertain_a evidence_n and_o so_o be_v persuade_v of_o their_o truth_n only_o upon_o probable_a ground_n which_o still_o admit_v a_o possibility_n of_o the_o contrary_a to_o be_v true_a without_o do_v violence_n to_o the_o certain_a evidence_n of_o its_o own_o knowledge_n and_o overturning_a the_o principle_n of_o all_o reason_n in_o such_o probable_a proposition_n i_o say_v a_o evident_a revelation_n ought_v to_o determine_v our_o assent_n even_o against_o probability_n for_o where_o the_o principle_n of_o reason_n have_v not_o determine_v a_o proposition_n to_o be_v certain_o true_a or_o false_a there_o clear_a revelation_n as_o another_o principle_n of_o truth_n and_o ground_n of_o assent_n may_v determine_v and_o so_o it_o may_v be_v matter_n of_o faith_n and_o be_v also_o above_o reason_n because_o reason_n in_o that_o particular_a matter_n be_v able_a to_o reach_v no_o high_o than_o probability_n faith_n give_v the_o determination_n where_o reason_n come_v short_a and_o revelation_n discover_v on_o which_o side_n the_o truth_n lay_v §_o 10._o thus_o far_o the_o dominion_n of_o faith_n reach_v and_o that_o without_o any_o violence_n or_o hindrance_n to_o reason_n which_o be_v not_o injure_v or_o disturb_v but_o assist_v and_o improve_v by_o new_a discovery_n of_o truth_n come_v from_o the_o eternal_a fountain_n of_o all_o knowledge_n whatever_o god_n have_v reveal_v be_v certain_o true_a no_o doubt_n can_v be_v make_v of_o it_o this_o be_v the_o proper_a object_n of_o faith_n but_o whether_o it_o be_v a_o divine_a revelation_n or_o no_o reason_n must_v judge_v which_o can_v never_o permit_v the_o mind_n to_o reject_v a_o great_a evidence_n to_o embrace_v what_o be_v less_o evident_a nor_o prefer_v less_o certainty_n to_o the_o great_a there_o can_v be_v no_o evidence_n that_o any_o traditional_a revelation_n be_v of_o divine_a original_a in_o the_o word_n we_o receive_v it_o and_o in_o the_o sense_n we_o understand_v it_o so_o clear_a and_o so_o certain_a as_o those_o of_o the_o principle_n of_o reason_n and_o therefore_o
i_o be_v in_o one_o which_o i_o leave_v to_o be_v consider_v by_o those_o who_o with_o i_o dispose_v themselves_o to_o embrace_v truth_n wherever_o they_o find_v it_o §_o 2._o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o common_o take_v for_o grant_v than_o that_o there_o be_v certain_a principle_n both_o speculative_a and_o practical_a for_o they_o speak_v of_o both_o universal_o agree_v upon_o by_o all_o mankind_n which_o therefore_o they_o argue_v must_v needs_o be_v the_o constant_a impression_n which_o the_o soul_n of_o man_n receive_v in_o their_o first_o being_n and_o which_o they_o bring_v into_o the_o world_n with_o they_o as_o necessary_o and_o real_o as_o they_o do_v any_o of_o their_o inherent_a faculty_n §_o 3._o this_o argument_n draw_v from_o universal_a consent_n have_v this_o misfortune_n in_o it_o that_o if_o it_o be_v true_a in_o matter_n of_o fact_n that_o there_o be_v certain_a truth_n wherein_o all_o mankind_n agree_v it_o will_v not_o prove_v they_o innate_a if_o there_o can_v be_v any_o other_o way_n show_v how_o man_n may_v come_v to_o that_o universal_a agreement_n in_o the_o thing_n they_o do_v consent_n in_o which_o i_o presume_v may_v be_v do_v §_o 4._o but_o which_o be_v worse_o this_o argument_n of_o universal_a consent_n which_o be_v make_v use_n of_o to_o prove_v innate_a principle_n seem_v to_o i_o a_o demonstration_n that_o there_o be_v none_o such_o because_o there_o be_v none_o to_o which_o all_o mankind_n give_v a_o universal_a assent_n i_o shall_v begin_v with_o the_o speculative_a and_o instance_n in_o those_o magnify_a principle_n of_o demonstration_n whatsoever_o it_o be_v and_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o be_v and_o not_o to_o be_v which_o of_o all_o other_o i_o think_v have_v the_o most_o allow_v title_n to_o innate_a these_o have_v so_o settle_v a_o reputation_n of_o maxim_n universal_o receive_v that_o it_o will_v no_o doubt_n be_v think_v strange_a if_o any_o one_o shall_v seem_v to_o question_v it_o but_o yet_o i_o take_v liberty_n to_o say_v that_o these_o proposition_n be_v so_o far_o from_o have_v a_o universal_a assent_n that_o there_o be_v a_o great_a part_n of_o mankind_n to_o who_o they_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o know_v §_o 5._o for_o first_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o all_o child_n and_o idiot_n have_v not_o the_o least_o apprehension_n or_o thought_n of_o they_o and_o the_o want_n of_o that_o be_v enough_o to_o destroy_v that_o universal_a assent_n which_o must_v needs_o be_v the_o necessary_a concomitant_a of_o all_o innate_a truth_n it_o seem_v to_o i_o near_o a_o contradiction_n to_o say_v that_o there_o be_v truth_n imprint_v on_o the_o soul_n which_o it_o perceive_v or_o understand_v not_o imprint_v if_o it_o signify_v any_o thing_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o make_v certain_a truth_n to_o be_v perceive_v for_o to_o imprint_v any_o thing_n on_o the_o mind_n without_o the_o mind_n be_v perceive_v it_o seem_v to_o i_o hardly_o intelligible_a if_o therefore_o child_n and_o idiot_n have_v soul_n have_v mind_n with_o those_o impression_n upon_o they_o they_o must_v unavoidable_o perceive_v they_o and_o necessary_o know_v and_o assent_v to_o these_o truth_n which_o since_o they_o do_v not_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o impression_n for_o if_o they_o be_v not_o notion_n natural_o imprint_v how_o can_v they_o be_v innate_a and_o if_o they_o be_v notion_n imprint_v how_o can_v they_o be_v unknown_a to_o say_v a_o notion_n be_v imprint_v on_o the_o mind_n and_o yet_o at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o say_v that_o the_o mind_n be_v ignorant_a of_o it_o and_o never_o yet_o take_v notice_n of_o it_o be_v to_o make_v this_o impression_n nothing_o no_o proposition_n can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o the_o mind_n which_o it_o never_o yet_o know_v which_o it_o be_v never_o yet_o conscious_a of_o for_o if_o any_o one_o may_n then_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n all_o proposition_n that_o be_v true_a and_o the_o mind_n be_v capable_a ever_o of_o assent_v to_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o the_o mind_n and_o to_o be_v imprint_v since_o if_o any_o one_o can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o the_o mind_n which_o it_o never_o yet_o know_v it_o must_v be_v only_o because_o it_o be_v capable_a of_o know_v it_o and_o so_o the_o mind_n be_v of_o all_o truth_n it_o ever_o shall_v know_v nay_o thus_o truth_n may_v be_v imprint_v on_o the_o mind_n which_o it_o never_o do_v nor_o ever_o shall_v know_v for_o a_o man_n may_v live_v long_o and_o die_v at_o last_o in_o ignorance_n of_o many_o truth_n which_o his_o mind_n be_v capable_a of_o know_v and_o that_o with_o certainty_n so_o that_o if_o the_o capacity_n of_o know_v be_v the_o natural_a impression_n contend_v for_o all_o the_o truth_n a_o man_n ever_o come_v to_o know_v will_n by_o this_o account_n be_v every_o one_o of_o they_o innate_a and_o this_o great_a point_n will_v amount_v to_o no_o more_o but_o only_o to_o a_o very_a improper_a way_n of_o speak_v which_o whilst_o it_o pretend_v to_o assert_v the_o contrary_a say_v nothing_o different_a from_o those_o who_o deny_v innate_a principle_n for_o no_o body_n i_o think_v ever_o deny_v that_o the_o mind_n be_v capable_a of_o know_v several_a truth_n the_o capacity_n they_o say_v be_v innate_a the_o knowledge_n acquire_v but_o then_o to_o what_o end_n such_o contest_v for_o certain_a innate_a maxim_n if_o truth_n can_v be_v imprint_v on_o the_o understanding_n without_o be_v perceive_v i_o can_v see_v no_o difference_n there_o can_v be_v between_o any_o truth_n the_o mind_n be_v capable_a of_o know_v in_o respect_n of_o their_o original_a they_o must_v all_o be_v innate_a or_o all_o adventitious_a in_o vain_a shall_v a_o man_n go_v about_o to_o distinguish_v they_o he_o therefore_o that_o talk_v of_o innate_a notion_n in_o the_o understanding_n can_v if_o he_o intend_v thereby_o any_o distinct_a sort_n of_o truth_n mean_v such_o truth_n to_o be_v in_o the_o understanding_n as_o it_o never_o perceive_v and_o be_v yet_o full_o ignorant_a of_o for_o if_o these_o word_n to_o be_v in_o the_o understanding_n have_v any_o propriety_n they_o signify_v to_o be_v understand_v so_o that_o to_o be_v in_o the_o understanding_n and_o not_o to_o be_v understand_v to_o be_v in_o the_o mind_n and_o never_o to_o be_v perceive_v be_v all_o one_o as_o to_o say_v any_o thing_n be_v and_o be_v not_o in_o the_o mind_n or_o understanding_n if_o therefore_o these_o two_o proposition_n whatsoever_o be_v be_v and_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o be_v and_o not_o to_o be_v be_v by_o nature_n imprint_v child_n can_v be_v ignorant_a of_o they_o infant_n and_o all_o that_o have_v soul_n must_v necessary_o have_v they_o in_o their_o understanding_n know_v the_o truth_n of_o they_o and_o assent_v to_o it_o §_o 6._o to_o avoid_v this_o it_o be_v usual_o answer_v that_o all_o man_n know_v and_o assent_v to_o they_o when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n and_o this_o be_v enough_o to_o prove_v they_o innate_a i_o answer_v §_o 7._o doubtful_a expression_n that_o have_v scarce_o any_o signification_n go_v for_o clear_a reason_n to_o those_o who_o be_v prepossess_v take_v not_o the_o pain_n to_o examine_v even_o what_o they_o themselves_o say_v for_o to_o apply_v this_o answer_n with_o any_o tolerable_a sense_n to_o our_o present_a purpose_n it_o must_v signify_v one_o of_o these_o two_o thing_n either_o that_o as_o soon_o as_o man_n come_v to_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n these_o suppose_a native_a inscription_n come_v to_o be_v know_v and_o observe_v by_o they_o or_o else_o that_o the_o use_v and_o exercise_n of_o man_n reason_n assist_v they_o in_o the_o discovery_n of_o these_o principle_n and_o certain_o make_v they_o know_v to_o they_o §_o 8._o if_o they_o mean_v that_o by_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n man_n may_v discover_v these_o principle_n and_o that_o this_o be_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v they_o innate_a their_o way_n of_o argue_v will_v stand_v thus_o viz._n that_o whatever_o truth_n reason_n can_v certain_o discover_v to_o we_o and_o make_v we_o firm_o assent_v to_o those_o be_v all_o natural_o imprint_v on_o the_o mind_n since_o that_o universal_a assent_n which_o be_v make_v the_o mark_n of_o they_o amount_v to_o no_o more_o but_o this_o that_o by_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n we_o be_v capable_a to_o come_v to_o a_o certain_a knowledge_n of_o and_o assent_v to_o they_o and_o by_o this_o mean_v there_o will_v be_v no_o difference_n between_o the_o maxim_n of_o the_o mathematician_n and_o theorem_n they_o deduce_v from_o they_o all_o must_v be_v equal_o allow_v innate_a they_o be_v all_o discovery_n make_v by_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n and_o truth_n that_o a_o rational_a creature_n may_v certain_o come_v to_o know_v if_o he_o
desire_v any_o one_o to_o assign_v any_o simple_a idea_n which_o it_o receive_v not_o from_o one_o of_o those_o inlet_n beforementioned_a or_o any_o complex_fw-la idea_n not_o make_v out_o of_o those_o simple_a one_o nor_o will_v it_o be_v so_o strange_a to_o think_v these_o few_o simple_a idea_n sufficient_a to_o employ_v the_o quick_a thought_n or_o large_a capacity_n and_o to_o furnish_v the_o material_n of_o all_o that_o various_a knowledge_n and_o more_o various_a fancy_n and_o opinion_n of_o all_o mankind_n if_o we_o consider_v how_o many_o word_n may_v be_v make_v out_o of_o the_o various_a composition_n of_o 24_o letter_n or_o if_o go_v one_o step_n far_o we_o will_v but_o reflect_v on_o the_o variety_n of_o combination_n may_v be_v make_v with_o bare_o one_o of_o these_o idea_n viz._n number_n who_o stock_n be_v inexhaustible_a and_o true_o infiniteâ—_n and_o what_o a_o large_a and_o immense_a field_n do_v excursion_n alone_o afford_v the_o mathematician_n chap._n viii_o some_o far_a consideration_n concern_v our_o simple_a idea_n §_o 1._o concern_v the_o simple_a idea_n of_o sensation_n it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o whatsoever_o be_v so_o constitute_v in_o nature_n as_o to_o be_v able_a by_o affect_v our_o sense_n to_o cause_v any_o perception_n in_o the_o mind_n do_v thereby_o produce_v in_o the_o understanding_n a_o simple_a idea_n which_o whatever_o be_v the_o external_a cause_n of_o it_o when_o it_o come_v to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o by_o our_o discern_a faculty_n it_o be_v by_o the_o mind_n look_v on_o and_o consider_v there_o to_o be_v a_o real_a positive_a idea_n in_o the_o understanding_n as_o much_o as_o any_o other_o whatsoever_o though_o perhaps_o the_o cause_n of_o it_o be_v but_o a_o privation_n in_o the_o subject_n §_o 2._o thus_o the_o idea_n of_o heat_n and_o cold_a light_a and_o darkness_n white_a and_o black_a motion_n and_o rest_n be_v equal_o clear_a and_o positive_a idea_n in_o the_o mind_n though_o perhaps_o some_o of_o the_o cause_n which_o produce_v they_o be_v bare_o privation_n in_o those_o subject_n from_o whence_o our_o sense_n derive_v those_o idea_n these_o the_o understanding_n in_o its_o view_n of_o they_o consider_v all_o as_o distinct_a positive_a idea_n without_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o cause_n that_o produce_v they_o which_o be_v a_o enquiry_n not_o belong_v to_o the_o idea_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o understanding_n but_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n exist_v without_o we_o these_o be_v two_o very_a different_a thing_n and_o careful_o to_o be_v distinguish_v it_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o perceive_v and_o know_v the_o idea_n of_o white_a or_o black_a and_o quite_o another_o to_o examine_v what_o kind_n of_o particle_n they_o must_v be_v and_o how_o range_v in_o the_o superficies_n to_o make_v any_o object_n appear_v white_a or_o black_a §_o 3._o a_o painter_n or_o dyer_n who_o never_o inquire_v into_o their_o cause_n have_v the_o idea_n of_o white_a and_o black_a and_o other_o colour_n as_o clear_o perfect_o and_o distinct_o in_o his_o understanding_n and_o perhaps_o more_o distinct_o than_o the_o philosopher_n who_o have_v busy_v himself_o in_o consider_v their_o nature_n and_o think_v he_o know_v how_o far_o either_o of_o they_o be_v in_o its_o cause_n positive_a or_o privative_a and_o the_o idea_n of_o black_a be_v no_o less_o positive_a in_o his_o mind_n than_o that_o of_o white_a however_o the_o cause_n of_o that_o colour_n in_o the_o external_a object_n may_v be_v only_o a_o privation_n §_o 4._o if_o it_o be_v the_o design_n of_o my_o present_a undertake_n to_o inquire_v into_o the_o natural_a cause_n and_o manner_n of_o perception_n i_o shall_v offer_v this_o as_o a_o reason_n why_o a_o privative_a cause_n may_v in_o some_o case_n at_o least_o produce_v a_o positive_a idea_n viz._n that_o all_o sensation_n be_v produce_v in_o we_o only_o by_o different_a degree_n and_o mode_n of_o motion_n in_o our_o animal_n spirit_n various_o agitate_a by_o external_a object_n the_o abatement_n of_o any_o former_a motion_n must_v as_o necessary_o produce_v a_o new_a sensation_n as_o the_o variation_n or_o increase_n of_o it_o and_o so_o introduce_v a_o new_a idea_n which_o depend_v only_o on_o a_o different_a motion_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n in_o that_o organ_n §_o 5._o but_o whether_o this_o be_v so_o or_o no_o i_o will_v not_o here_o determine_v but_o appeal_v to_o every_o one_o be_v own_o experience_n whether_o the_o shadow_n of_o a_o man_n though_o it_o consist_v of_o nothing_o but_o the_o absence_n of_o light_n and_o the_o more_o the_o absence_n of_o light_n be_v the_o more_o discernible_a be_v the_o shadow_n do_v not_o when_o a_o man_n look_v on_o it_o cause_n as_o clear_a and_o positive_a a_o idea_n in_o his_o mind_n as_o a_o man_n himself_o though_o cover_v over_o with_o clear_a sunshine_n and_o the_o picture_n of_o a_o shadow_n be_v a_o positive_a thing_n indeed_o we_o have_v negative_a name_n to_o which_o there_o be_v no_o positive_a idea_n but_o they_o consist_v whole_o in_o negation_n of_o some_o certain_a idea_n as_o silence_n invisible_a but_o these_o signify_v not_o any_o idea_n in_o the_o mind_n but_o their_o absence_n §_o 6._o and_o thus_o one_o may_v true_o be_v say_v to_o see_v darkness_n for_o suppose_v a_o hole_n perfect_o dark_a from_o whence_o no_o light_n be_v reflect_v it_o be_v certain_a one_o may_v see_v the_o figure_n of_o it_o or_o it_o may_v be_v paint_v and_o whether_o the_o ink_n i_o write_v with_o make_v any_o other_o idea_n be_v a_o question_n the_o privative_a cause_n i_o have_v here_o assign_v of_o positive_a idea_n be_v according_a to_o the_o common_a opinion_n but_o in_o truth_n it_o will_v be_v hard_a to_o determine_v whether_o there_o be_v real_o any_o idea_n from_o a_o privative_a cause_n till_o it_o be_v determine_v whether_o rest_v be_v any_o more_o a_o privation_n than_o motion_n §_o 7._o to_o discover_v the_o nature_n of_o our_o idea_n the_o better_a and_o to_o discourse_v of_o they_o intelligible_o it_o will_v be_v convenient_a to_o distinguish_v they_o as_o they_o be_v idea_n or_o perception_n in_o our_o mind_n and_o as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o body_n that_o cause_n such_o perception_n in_o we_o that_o sow_n may_v not_o think_v as_o perhaps_o usual_o be_v do_v that_o they_o be_v exact_o the_o image_n and_o resemblance_n of_o something_o inherent_a in_o the_o subject_n most_o of_o those_o of_o sensation_n be_v in_o the_o mind_n no_o more_o the_o likeness_n of_o something_o exist_v without_o we_o than_o the_o name_n that_o stand_v for_o they_o be_v the_o likeness_n of_o our_o idea_n which_o yet_o upon_o hear_v they_o be_v apt_a to_o excite_v in_o we_o §_o 8._o whatsoever_o the_o mind_n perceive_v in_o itself_o or_o be_v the_o immediate_a object_n of_o perception_n thought_n or_o understanding_n that_o i_o call_v idea_n and_o the_o power_n to_o produce_v any_o idea_n in_o our_o mind_n i_o call_v quality_n of_o the_o subject_a wherein_o that_o power_n be_v thus_o a_o snowball_n have_v the_o power_n to_o produce_v in_o we_o the_o idea_n of_o white_a cold_a and_o round_o the_o power_n to_o produce_v those_o idea_n in_o we_o as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o snowball_n i_o call_v quality_n and_o as_o they_o be_v sensation_n or_o perception_n in_o our_o underwanding_n i_o call_v they_o idea_n which_o idea_n if_o i_o speak_v of_o sometime_o as_o in_o the_o thing_n themselves_o i_o will_v be_v understand_v to_o mean_v those_o quality_n in_o the_o object_n which_o produce_v they_o in_o we_o §_o 9_o concern_v these_o quality_n we_o may_v i_o think_v observe_v these_o primary_n one_o in_o body_n that_o produce_v simple_a idea_n in_o we_o viz._n solidity_n extension_n motion_n or_o rest_n number_n and_o figure_n §_o 10._o these_o which_o i_o call_v original_a or_o primary_n quality_n of_o body_n be_v whole_o inseparable_a from_o it_o and_o such_o as_o in_o all_o the_o alteration_n and_o change_n it_o suffer_v all_o the_o force_n can_v be_v use_v upon_o it_o it_o constant_o keep_v and_o such_o as_o sense_n constant_o find_v in_o every_o particle_n of_o matter_n which_o have_v bulk_n enough_o to_o be_v perceive_v and_o the_o mind_n find_v inseparable_a from_o every_o particle_n of_o matter_n though_o less_o than_o to_o make_v itself_o single_o be_v perceive_v by_o our_o sense_n v_o g._n take_v a_o grain_n of_o wheat_n divide_v it_o into_o two_o part_n each_o part_n have_v still_o solidity_n extension_n figure_n and_o mobility_n divide_v it_o again_o and_o it_o retain_v still_o the_o same_o quality_n and_o so_o divide_v it_o on_o till_o the_o part_n become_v insensible_a they_o must_v retain_v still_o each_o of_o they_o all_o those_o quality_n for_o division_n which_o be_v all_o that_o a_o mill_n or_o pestle_n or_o any_o other_o body_n do_v upon_o another_o in_o
consider_v these_o quality_n of_o light_n and_o warmth_n which_o be_v perception_n in_o i_o when_o i_o be_o warm_v or_o enlighten_v by_o the_o sun_n be_v no_o otherwise_o in_o the_o sun_n than_o the_o change_v make_v in_o the_o wax_n when_o it_o be_v blanch_v or_o melt_v be_v in_o the_o sun_n they_o be_v all_o of_o they_o equal_o power_n in_o the_o sun_n depend_v on_o its_o primary_n quality_n whereby_o it_o be_v able_a in_o the_o one_o case_n so_o to_o alter_v the_o bulk_n figure_n texture_n or_o motion_n of_o some_o of_o the_o insensible_a part_n of_o my_o eye_n or_o hand_n as_o thereby_o to_o produce_v in_o i_o the_o idea_n of_o light_n or_o heat_v and_o in_o the_o other_o it_o be_v able_a so_o to_o alter_v the_o bulk_n figure_n texture_n or_o motion_n of_o the_o insensible_a part_n of_o the_o wax_n as_o to_o make_v they_o fit_a to_o produce_v in_o i_o the_o distinct_a idea_n of_o white_a and_o fluid_a §_o 25._o the_o reason_n why_o the_o one_o be_v ordinary_o take_v for_o real_a quality_n and_o the_o other_o only_o for_o bare_a power_n seem_v to_o be_v because_o the_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o distinct_a colour_n sound_n etc._n etc._n contain_v nothing_o at_o all_o in_o they_o of_o bulk_n figure_n or_o motion_n we_o be_v not_o apt_a to_o think_v they_o the_o effect_v of_o these_o primary_n quality_n which_o appear_v not_o to_o our_o sense_n to_o operate_v in_o their_o production_n and_o with_o which_o they_o have_v not_o any_o apparent_a congruity_n or_o conceivable_a connexion_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o we_o be_v so_o forward_o to_o imagine_v that_o those_o idea_n be_v the_o resemblance_n of_o something_o real_o exist_v in_o the_o object_n themselves_o since_o sensation_n discover_v nothing_o of_o bulk_n figure_n or_o motion_n of_o part_n in_o their_o production_n nor_o can_v reason_n show_v how_o body_n by_o their_o bulk_n figure_n and_o motion_n shall_v produce_v in_o the_o mind_n the_o idea_n of_o blue_a or_o yellow_a etc._n etc._n but_o in_o the_o other_o case_n in_o the_o operation_n of_o body_n change_v the_o quality_n one_o of_o another_o we_o plain_o discover_v that_o the_o quality_n produce_v have_v common_o no_o resemblance_n with_o any_o thing_n in_o the_o thing_n produce_v it_o wherefore_o we_o look_v on_o it_o as_o a_o bare_a effect_n of_o power_n for_o though_o receive_v the_o idea_n of_o heat_n or_o light_n from_o the_o sun_n we_o be_v apt_a to_o think_v it_o be_v a_o perception_n and_o resemblance_n of_o such_o a_o quality_n in_o the_o sun_n yet_o when_o we_o see_v wax_n or_o a_o fair_a face_n receive_v change_n of_o colour_n from_o the_o sun_n we_o can_v imagine_v that_o to_o be_v the_o reception_n or_o resemblance_n of_o any_o thing_n in_o the_o sun_n because_o we_o find_v not_o those_o different_a colour_n in_o the_o sun_n itself_o for_o our_o sense_n be_v able_a to_o observe_v a_o likeness_n or_o unlikeness_n of_o sensible_a quality_n in_o two_o different_a external_a object_n we_o forward_o enough_o conclude_v the_o production_n of_o any_o sensible_a quality_n in_o any_o subject_a to_o be_v a_o effect_n of_o bare_a power_n and_o not_o the_o communication_n of_o any_o quality_n which_o be_v real_o in_o the_o efficient_a when_o we_o find_v no_o such_o sensible_a quality_n in_o the_o thing_n that_o produce_v it_o but_o our_o sense_n not_o be_v able_a to_o discover_v any_o unlikeness_n between_o the_o idea_n produce_v in_o we_o and_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o object_n produce_v it_o we_o be_v apt_a to_o imagine_v that_o our_o idea_n be_v resemblance_n of_o something_o in_o the_o object_n and_o not_o the_o effect_n of_o certain_a power_n place_v in_o the_o modification_n of_o their_o primary_n quality_n with_o which_o primary_n quality_n the_o idea_n produce_v in_o we_o have_v no_o resemblance_n §_o 26._o to_o conclude_v beside_o those_o before_o mention_v primary_n quality_n in_o body_n viz._n bulk_n figure_n extension_n number_n and_o motion_n of_o their_o solid_a part_n all_o the_o rest_n whereby_o we_o take_v notice_n of_o body_n and_o distinguish_v they_o one_o from_o another_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o several_a power_n in_o they_o depend_v on_o those_o primary_n quality_n whereby_o they_o be_v fit_v either_o by_o immediate_o operate_n on_o our_o body_n to_o produce_v several_a different_a idea_n in_o we_o or_o else_o by_o operate_n on_o other_o body_n so_o to_o change_v their_o primary_n quality_n as_o to_o render_v they_o capable_a of_o produce_v idea_n in_o we_o different_a from_o what_o before_o they_o do_v the_o former_a of_o these_o i_o think_v may_v be_v call_v secundary_a quality_n immediate_o perceivable_a the_o late_a secundary_a quality_n mediate_o perceivable_a chap._n ix_o of_o perception_n §_o 1._o perception_n as_o it_o be_v the_o first_o faculty_n of_o the_o mind_n exercise_v about_o our_o idea_n so_o it_o be_v the_o first_o and_o simple_a idea_n we_o have_v from_o reflection_n and_o be_v by_o some_o call_v think_v in_o general_n though_o think_v in_o the_o propriety_n of_o the_o english_a tongue_n signify_v that_o sort_n of_o operation_n of_o the_o mind_n about_o its_o idea_n wherein_o the_o mind_n be_v active_a where_o it_o with_o some_o degree_n of_o voluntary_a attention_n consider_v any_o thing_n for_o in_o bare_a naked_a perception_n the_o mind_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n only_o passive_a and_o what_o it_o perceive_v it_o can_v avoid_v perceive_v §_o 2._o what_o perception_n be_v every_o one_o will_v know_v better_o by_o reflect_v on_o what_o he_o do_v himself_o when_o he_o see_v hear_v feel_v etc._n etc._n or_o think_v than_o by_o any_o discourse_n of_o i_o whoever_o reflect_v on_o what_o pass_v in_o himself_o in_o his_o own_o mind_n can_v miss_v it_o and_o if_o he_o do_v not_o reflect_v all_o the_o word_n in_o the_o world_n can_v make_v he_o have_v any_o notion_n of_o it_o §_o 3._o this_o be_v certain_a that_o whatever_o alteration_n be_v make_v in_o the_o body_n if_o they_o reach_v not_o the_o mind_n whatever_o impression_n be_v make_v on_o the_o outward_a part_n if_o they_o be_v not_o take_v notice_n of_o within_o there_o be_v no_o perception_n fire_n may_v burn_v our_o body_n with_o no_o other_o effect_n than_o it_o do_v a_o billet_n unless_o the_o motion_n be_v continue_v to_o the_o brain_n and_o there_o the_o sense_n of_o heat_n or_o idea_n of_o pain_n be_v produce_v in_o the_o mind_n wherein_o consist_v actual_a perception_n §_o 4._o how_o often_o may_v a_o man_n observe_v in_o himself_o that_o whilst_o his_o mind_n be_v intent_o employ_v in_o the_o contemplation_n of_o some_o object_n and_o curious_o survey_v some_o idea_n that_o be_v there_o it_o take_v no_o notice_n of_o impression_n of_o sound_a body_n which_o be_v bring_v in_o though_o the_o same_o alteration_n be_v make_v upon_o the_o organ_n of_o hear_v that_o use_v to_o be_v for_o the_o produce_v the_o idea_n of_o a_o sound_n a_o sufficient_a impulse_n there_o may_v be_v on_o the_o organ_n but_o it_o not_o reach_v the_o observation_n of_o the_o mind_n there_o follow_v no_o perception_n and_o though_o the_o motion_n that_o use_v to_o produce_v the_o idea_n of_o sound_n be_v make_v in_o the_o ear_n yet_o no_o sound_n be_v hear_v want_v of_o sensation_n in_o this_o case_n be_v not_o through_o any_o defect_n in_o the_o organ_n or_o that_o his_o ear_n be_v less_o affect_v than_o at_o other_o time_n when_o he_o do_v hear_v but_o that_o which_o use_v to_o produce_v the_o idea_n though_o convey_v in_o by_o the_o usual_a organ_n not_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o in_o the_o understanding_n there_o follow_v no_o sensation_n so_o that_o wherever_o there_o be_v sense_n or_o perception_n there_o some_o idea_n be_v actual_o produce_v and_o present_a in_o the_o understanding_n §_o 5._o therefore_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o child_n by_o the_o exercise_n of_o their_o sense_n about_o object_n that_o affect_v they_o in_o the_o womb_n receive_v some_o few_o idea_n before_o they_o be_v bear_v as_o the_o unavoidable_a effect_n either_o of_o the_o body_n that_o environ_v they_o or_o else_o of_o those_o want_v or_o disease_n they_o suffer_v among_o which_o if_o one_o may_v conjecture_v concern_v thing_n not_o very_o capable_a of_o examination_n i_o think_v the_o idea_n of_o hunger_n and_o warmth_n be_v two_o which_o probable_o be_v some_o of_o the_o first_o that_o child_n have_v and_o which_o they_o scarce_o ever_o part_v with_o again_o §_o 6._o but_o though_o it_o be_v reasonable_a to_o imagine_v that_o child_n receive_v some_o idea_n before_o they_o come_v into_o the_o world_n yet_o these_o simple_a idea_n be_v far_o from_o those_o innate_a principle_n which_o some_o contend_v for_o and_o we_o above_o have_v reject_v these_o here_o mention_v be_v the_o effect_n of_o sensation_n be_v only_o from_o some_o affection_n of_o the_o body_n
that_o kind_n and_o have_v give_v in_o the_o name_n whiteness_n it_o by_o that_o find_v signify_v the_o same_o quali-wheresoev_a to_o be_v imagine_v or_o meet_v with_o and_o thus_o universals_z whether_o idea_n or_o term_n be_v make_v §_o 10._o if_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o beast_n compound_v and_o enlarge_v their_o idea_n that_o way_n to_o any_o degree_n this_o i_o think_v i_o may_v be_v positive_a in_o that_o the_o power_n of_o abstract_v be_v not_o at_o all_o in_o they_o and_o that_o the_o have_v of_o general_a idea_n be_v that_o which_o put_v a_o perfect_a distinction_n betwixt_o man_v and_o brute_n and_o be_v a_o excellency_n which_o the_o faculty_n of_o brute_n do_v by_o no_o mean_n attain_v to_o for_o it_o be_v evident_a we_o observe_v no_o footstep_n in_o they_o of_o make_v use_n of_o general_a sign_n for_o universal_a idea_n from_o which_o we_o have_v reason_n to_o imagine_v that_o they_o have_v not_o the_o faculty_n of_o abstract_v or_o make_v general_a idea_n since_o they_o have_v no_o use_n of_o word_n or_o any_o other_o general_a sign_n §_o 11._o nor_o can_v it_o be_v impute_v to_o their_o want_n of_o fit_a organ_n to_o frame_v articulate_a sound_n that_o they_o have_v no_o use_n or_o knowledge_n of_o general_a word_n since_o many_o of_o they_o we_o find_v can_v fashion_v such_o sound_n and_o pronounce_v word_n distinct_o enough_o but_o never_o with_o any_o such_o application_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n man_n who_o through_o some_o defect_n in_o the_o organ_n want_v word_n yet_o fail_v not_o to_o express_v their_o universal_a idea_n by_o sign_n which_o serve_v they_o instead_o of_o general_a word_n a_o faculty_n which_o we_o see_v beast_n come_v short_a in_o and_o therefore_o i_o think_v we_o may_v suppose_v that_o it_o be_v in_o this_o that_o the_o species_n of_o brute_n be_v discriminate_v from_o man_n and_o it_o be_v that_o proper_a difference_n wherein_o they_o be_v whole_o separate_v and_o which_o at_o last_o widen_v to_o so_o vast_a a_o distance_n for_o if_o they_o have_v any_o idea_n at_o all_o and_o be_v not_o bare_a machines_n as_o some_o will_v have_v they_o we_o can_v deny_v they_o to_o have_v some_o reason_n it_o seem_v as_o evident_a to_o i_o that_o they_o do_v reason_n as_o that_o they_o have_v sense_n but_o it_o be_v only_o in_o particular_a idea_n just_a as_o they_o receive_v they_o from_o their_o sense_n they_o be_v the_o best_a of_o they_o tie_v up_o within_o those_o narrow_a bound_n and_o have_v not_o as_o i_o think_v the_o faculty_n to_o enlarge_v they_o by_o any_o kind_n of_o abstraction_n §_o 12._o how_o far_o idiot_n be_v concern_v in_o the_o want_n or_o weakness_n of_o any_o or_o all_o of_o the_o forego_n faculty_n a_o exact_a observation_n of_o their_o several_a way_n of_o falter_a will_v no_o doubt_n discover_v for_o those_o who_o either_o perceive_v but_o dull_o or_o retain_v the_o idea_n that_o come_v into_o their_o mind_n but_o ill_o who_o can_v ready_o excite_v or_o compound_v they_o will_v have_v little_a matter_n to_o think_v on_o those_o who_o can_v distinguish_v compare_n and_o abstract_n will_v hardly_o be_v able_a to_o understand_v and_o make_v use_n of_o language_n or_o judge_n or_o reason_n to_o any_o tolerable_a degree_n but_o only_o a_o little_a and_o imperfect_o about_o thing_n present_a and_o very_o familiar_a to_o their_o sense_n and_o indeed_o any_o of_o the_o forementioned_a faculty_n if_o want_v or_o out_o of_o order_n produce_v suitable_a defect_n in_o man_n understanding_n and_o knowledge_n §_o 13._o in_o fine_a the_o defect_n in_o natural_n seem_v to_o proceed_v from_o want_n of_o quickness_n activity_n and_o motion_n in_o the_o intellectual_a faculty_n whereby_o they_o be_v deprive_v of_o reason_n whereas_o mad_a man_n on_o the_o other_o side_n seem_v to_o suffer_v by_o the_o other_o extreme_a for_o they_o do_v not_o appear_v to_o i_o to_o have_v lose_v the_o faculty_n of_o reason_v but_o have_v join_v together_o some_o idea_n very_o wrong_o they_o mistake_v they_o for_o truth_n and_o they_o err_v as_o man_n do_v that_o argue_v right_a from_o wrong_n principle_n for_o by_o the_o violence_n of_o their_o imagination_n have_v take_v their_o fancy_n for_o reality_n they_o make_v right_a deduction_n from_o they_o thus_o you_o shall_v find_v a_o distract_a man_n phansy_v himself_o a_o king_n with_o a_o right_a inference_n require_v suitable_a attendance_n respect_n and_o obedience_n other_o who_o have_v think_v themselves_o make_v of_o glass_n have_v use_v the_o caution_n necessary_a to_o preserve_v such_o brittle_a body_n hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o a_o man_n who_o be_v very_o sober_a and_o of_o a_o right_a understanding_n in_o all_o other_o thing_n may_v in_o one_o particular_a be_v as_o frantic_a as_o any_o in_o bedlam_n if_o either_o by_o any_o sudden_a very_a strong_a impression_n or_o long_o fix_v his_o fancy_n upon_o one_o sort_n of_o thought_n incoherent_a idea_n have_v be_v cement_v together_o so_o powerful_o as_o to_o remain_v unite_v but_o there_o be_v degree_n of_o madness_n as_o of_o folly_n the_o disorderly_a jumble_a idea_n together_o be_v in_o some_o more_o and_o some_o less_o in_o short_a herein_o seem_v to_o lie_v the_o difference_n between_o idiot_n and_o mad_a man_n that_o mad_a man_n put_v wrong_a idea_n together_o and_o so_o make_v wrong_a proposition_n but_o argue_v and_o reason_n right_a from_o they_o but_o idiot_n make_v very_o few_o or_o no_o proposition_n and_o reason_n scarce_o at_o all_o §_o 14._o these_o i_o think_v be_v the_o first_o faculty_n and_o operation_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o it_o make_v use_v of_o in_o understanding_n which_o though_o they_o be_v exercise_v about_o all_o its_o idea_n in_o general_a yet_o the_o instance_n i_o have_v hitherto_o give_v have_v be_v chief_o in_o simple_a idea_n and_o i_o have_v subjoin_v the_o explication_n of_o these_o faculty_n of_o the_o mind_n to_o that_o of_o simple_a idea_n before_o i_o come_v to_o what_o i_o have_v to_o say_v concern_v complex_fw-la one_o for_o these_o follow_a reason_n first_o because_o several_a of_o these_o faculty_n be_v exercise_v at_o first_o principal_o about_o simple_a idea_n we_o may_v by_o follow_v nature_n in_o its_o ordinary_a method_n trace_v and_o discover_v they_o in_o their_o rise_n progress_n and_o gradual_a improvement_n second_o because_o observe_v the_o faculty_n of_o our_o mind_n how_o they_o operate_v about_o simple_a idea_n which_o be_v usual_o in_o most_o man_n mind_n much_o more_o clear_a precise_a and_o distinct_a than_o complex_fw-la one_o we_o may_v the_o better_o examine_v and_o learn_v how_o the_o mind_n abstract_n denominate_v compare_v and_o exercise_n its_o other_o operation_n about_o those_o which_o be_v complex_fw-la wherein_o we_o be_v much_o more_o liable_a to_o mistake_v three_o because_o these_o very_a operation_n of_o the_o mind_n about_o idea_n receive_v from_o sensation_n be_v themselves_o when_o reflect_v on_o another_o set_v of_o idea_n derive_v from_o that_o other_o source_n of_o our_o knowledge_n which_o i_o call_v reflection_n and_o therefore_o fit_a to_o be_v consider_v in_o this_o place_n after_o the_o simple_a idea_n of_o sensation_n of_o compound_v compare_v abstract_a etc._n etc._n i_o have_v but_o just_a speak_v have_v occasion_n to_o treat_v of_o they_o more_o at_o large_a in_o other_o place_n §_o 15._o and_o thus_o i_o have_v give_v a_o short_a and_o i_o think_v true_a history_n of_o the_o first_o beginning_n of_o (null)_o knowledge_n whence_o the_o mind_n have_v its_o first_o object_n and_o by_o what_o step_v it_o make_v its_o progress_n to_o the_o lay_n in_o and_o store_v up_o those_o idea_n out_o of_o which_o be_v to_o be_v frame_v all_o the_o knowledge_n it_o be_v capable_a of_o wherein_o i_o must_v appeal_v to_o experience_n and_o observation_n whether_o i_o be_o in_o the_o right_n the_o best_a way_n to_o come_v to_o truth_n be_v to_o examine_v thing_n as_o real_o they_o be_v and_o not_o to_o conclude_v they_o be_v as_o we_o fancy_n of_o ourselves_o or_o have_v be_v teach_v to_o imagine_v by_o other_o §_o 16._o to_o deal_v true_o this_o be_v the_o only_a way_n that_o i_o can_v discover_v whereby_o the_o idea_n of_o thing_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o understanding_n if_o other_o man_n have_v either_o innate_a idea_n or_o infuse_v principle_n they_o have_v reason_n to_o enjoy_v they_o and_o if_o they_o be_v sure_a of_o it_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o other_o to_o deny_v they_o the_o privilege_n they_o have_v above_o their_o neighbour_n i_o can_v speak_v but_o of_o what_o i_o find_v in_o myself_o and_o be_v agreeable_a to_o those_o notion_n which_o if_o we_o will_v examine_v the_o whole_a course_n of_o man_n in_o their_o several_a age_n country_n and_o education_n seem_v to_o depend_v on_o these_o foundation_n i_o have_v lay_v and_o to_o
simple_a idea_n which_o be_v true_o the_o material_n of_o all_o our_o knowledge_n yet_o have_v treat_v of_o they_o there_o rather_o in_o the_o way_n that_o they_o come_v into_o the_o mind_n than_o as_o distinguish_v from_o other_o more_o compound_v it_o will_v not_o be_v perhaps_o amiss_o to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o some_o of_o they_o again_o under_o this_o consideration_n and_o examine_v those_o different_a modification_n of_o the_o same_o idea_n which_o the_o mind_n either_o find_v in_o thing_n exist_v or_o be_v able_a to_o make_v within_o itself_o without_o the_o help_n of_o any_o extrinsical_a object_n or_o any_o foreign_a suggestion_n those_o modification_n of_o any_o one_o simple_a idea_n which_o as_o have_v be_v say_v i_o call_v simple_a modes_n be_v as_o perfect_o different_a and_o distinct_a idea_n in_o the_o mind_n as_o those_o of_o the_o great_a distance_n or_o contrariety_n for_o the_o idea_n of_o two_o be_v as_o distinct_a from_o three_o as_o blueness_n from_o heat_n or_o either_o of_o they_o from_o any_o number_n and_o yet_o they_o be_v make_v up_o only_o of_o that_o simple_a idea_n of_o a_o unite_v repeat_v and_o these_o repetition_n join_v together_o make_v those_o distinct_a simple_a modes_n of_o a_o dozen_o a_o gross_a a_o million_o §_o 2._o i_o shall_v begin_v with_o the_o simple_a idea_n of_o space_n i_o have_v show_v above_o c._n 4._o that_o we_o get_v the_o idea_n of_o space_n both_o by_o our_o sight_n and_o touch_v which_o i_o think_v be_v so_o evident_a that_o it_o will_v be_v as_o needless_a to_o go_v to_o prove_v that_o man_n perceive_v by_o their_o sight_n a_o distance_n between_o body_n of_o different_a colour_n or_o between_o the_o part_n of_o the_o same_o body_n as_o that_o they_o see_v colour_n themselves_o nor_o be_v it_o less_o obvious_a that_o they_o can_v do_v so_o in_o the_o dark_a by_o feel_v and_o touch._n §_o 3._o this_o space_n consider_v bare_o in_o length_n between_o any_o two_o being_n without_o consider_v any_o thing_n else_o between_o they_o be_v call_v distance_n if_o consider_v in_o length_n breadth_n and_o thickness_n i_o think_v it_o may_v be_v call_v capacity_n when_o consider_v between_o the_o extremity_n of_o matter_n which_o fill_v the_o capacity_n of_o space_n with_o something_o solid_a tangible_a and_o movable_a it_o be_v proper_o call_v extension_n and_o so_o extension_n be_v a_o idea_n belong_v to_o body_n only_o but_o space_n may_v as_o be_v evident_a be_v consider_v without_o it_o at_o least_o i_o think_v it_o most_o intelligible_a and_o the_o best_a way_n to_o avoid_v confusion_n if_o we_o use_v the_o word_n extension_n for_o a_o affection_n of_o matter_n or_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o extremity_n of_o particular_a solid_a body_n and_o space_n in_o the_o more_o general_a signification_n for_o distance_n with_o or_o without_o solid_a matter_n possess_v it_o §_o 4._o each_o different_a distance_n be_v a_o different_a modification_n of_o space_n and_o each_o idea_n of_o any_o different_a distance_n or_o space_n be_v a_o simple_a mode_n of_o this_o idea_n man_n have_v by_o accustom_v themselves_o to_o state_v length_n of_o space_n which_o they_o use_v for_o measure_v of_o other_o distance_n as_o a_o foot_n a_o yard_n or_o a_o fathom_n a_o league_n or_o diametre_fw-la of_o the_o earth_n make_v those_o idea_n familiar_a to_o their_o thought_n can_v in_o their_o mind_n repeat_v they_o as_o often_o as_o they_o will_v without_o mix_v or_o join_v to_o they_o the_o idea_n of_o body_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o and_o frame_v to_o themselves_o the_o idea_n of_o long_a square_a or_o cubick_a foot_n yard_n or_o fathom_n here_o among_o the_o body_n of_o the_o universe_n or_o else_o beyond_o the_o utmost_a bound_n of_o all_o body_n and_o by_o add_v these_o still_a one_o to_o another_o enlarge_v their_o idea_n of_o space_n as_o much_o as_o they_o please_v this_o power_n of_o repeat_v or_o double_v any_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o any_o distance_n and_o add_v it_o to_o the_o former_a as_o often_o as_o we_o will_v without_o be_v ever_o able_a to_o come_v to_o any_o stop_n or_o stint_v let_v we_o enlarge_v it_o as_o much_o as_o we_o will_v be_v that_o which_o give_v we_o the_o idea_n of_o immensity_n §_o 5._o there_o be_v another_o modification_n of_o this_o idea_n of_o space_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o relation_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o termination_n of_o capacity_n or_o extension_n among_o themselves_o this_o the_o touch_n discover_v in_o sensible_a body_n who_o extremity_n come_v within_o our_o reach_n and_o the_o eye_n take_v both_o from_o body_n and_o colour_n who_o boundary_n be_v within_o its_o view_n where_o observe_v how_o the_o extremity_n terminate_v either_o in_o straight_a line_n which_o meet_v at_o discernible_a angle_n or_o in_o crooked_a line_n wherein_o no_o angle_n can_v be_v perceive_v by_o consider_v these_o as_o they_o relate_v to_o one_o another_o in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o extremity_n of_o any_o body_n or_o space_n it_o have_v that_o idea_n we_o call_v figure_n which_o afford_v to_o the_o mind_n infinite_a vatiety_n for_o beside_o the_o vast_a number_n of_o different_a figure_n that_o do_v real_o exist_v in_o the_o coherent_a mass_n of_o matter_n the_o stock_n that_o the_o mind_n have_v in_o its_o power_n by_o vary_v the_o idea_n of_o space_n and_o thereby_o make_v still_o new_a composition_n by_o repeat_v its_o own_o idea_n and_o join_v they_o as_o it_o please_v be_v perfect_o inexhaustible_a and_o so_o it_o can_v multiply_v figure_n in_o infinitum_fw-la §_o 6._o for_o the_o mind_n have_v a_o power_n to_o repeat_v the_o idea_n of_o any_o length_n direct_o stretch_v out_o and_o join_v it_o to_o another_o in_o the_o same_o direction_n which_o be_v to_o double_v the_o length_n of_o that_o straight_a line_n or_o else_o join_v it_o to_o another_o with_o what_o inclination_n it_o think_v fit_a and_o so_o make_v what_o sort_n of_o angle_n it_o please_v and_o be_v able_a also_o to_o shorten_v any_o line_n it_o imagine_v by_o take_v from_o it_o ½_o or_o ¼_n or_o what_o part_n it_o please_v without_o be_v able_a to_o come_v to_o a_o end_n of_o any_o such_o division_n it_o can_v make_v a_o angle_n of_o any_o bigness_n so_o also_o the_o line_n that_o be_v its_o side_n of_o what_o length_n it_o please_v which_o join_v again_o to_o other_o line_n of_o different_a length_n and_o at_o different_a angle_n till_o it_o have_v whole_o enclose_v any_o space_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o it_o can_v multiply_v figure_n both_o in_o their_o shape_n and_o capacity_n in_o infinitum_fw-la all_o which_o be_v but_o so_o many_o different_a simple_a modes_n of_o space_n the_o same_o that_o it_o can_v do_v with_o straight_a line_n it_o can_v do_v also_o with_o crooked_a or_o crooked_a and_o straight_o together_o and_o the_o same_o it_o can_v do_v in_o line_n it_o can_v also_o in_o superficies_n by_o which_o we_o may_v be_v lead_v into_o far_a thought_n of_o the_o endless_a variety_n of_o figure_n that_o the_o mind_n have_v a_o power_n to_o make_v and_o thereby_o to_o multiply_v the_o simple_a modes_n of_o space_n §_o 7._o another_o idea_n come_v under_o this_o head_n and_o belong_v to_o this_o tribe_n be_v that_o we_o call_v place_n as_o in_o simple_a space_n we_o consider_v the_o relation_n of_o distance_n between_o any_o two_o body_n or_o point_n so_o in_o our_o idea_n of_o place_n we_o consider_v the_o relation_n of_o distance_n betwixt_o any_o thing_n and_o any_o two_o or_o more_o point_n which_o be_v consider_v as_o keep_v the_o same_o distance_n one_o with_o another_o and_o so_o consider_v as_o at_o rest_n for_o when_o we_o find_v any_o thing_n at_o the_o same_o distance_n now_o which_o it_o be_v yesterday_o from_o any_o two_o or_o more_o point_n which_o have_v not_o since_o change_v their_o distance_n one_o with_o another_o and_o with_o which_o we_o then_o compare_v it_o we_o say_v it_o have_v keep_v the_o same_o place_n but_o if_o it_o have_v sensible_o alter_v its_o distance_n with_o either_o of_o those_o point_n we_o say_v it_o have_v change_v its_o place_n though_o vulgar_o speak_v in_o the_o common_a notion_n of_o place_n we_o do_v not_o always_o exact_o observe_v the_o distance_n from_o precise_a point_n but_o large_a portion_n of_o sensible_a object_n to_o which_o we_o consider_v the_o thing_n place_v to_o bear_v relation_n and_o its_o distance_n from_o which_o we_o have_v some_o reason_n to_o observe_v §_o 8._o thus_o a_o company_n of_o chess-man_n stand_v on_o the_o same_o square_n of_o the_o chessboard_n where_o we_o leave_v they_o we_o say_v they_o be_v all_o in_o the_o same_o place_n or_o unmoved_a though_o perhaps_o the_o chessboard_n have_v be_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n carry_v out_o of_o one_o room_n into_o another_o because_o we_o compare_v they_o only_o to_o
together_o to_o measure_v one_o another_o and_o nothing_o be_v a_o measure_n of_o duration_n but_o duration_n as_o nothing_o be_v of_o extension_n but_o extension_n we_o can_v keep_v by_o we_o any_o stand_a unvary_a measure_n of_o duration_n which_o consist_v in_o a_o constant_a fleet_a succession_n as_o we_o can_v of_o certain_a length_n of_o extension_n as_o inch_n foot_n yard_n etc._n etc._n mark_v out_o in_o permanent_a part_n of_o matter_n nothing_o then_o can_v serve_v well_o for_o a_o convenient_a measure_n of_o time_n but_o what_o have_v divide_v the_o whole_a length_n of_o its_o duration_n into_o apparent_o equal_a portion_n by_o constant_o repeat_v period_n what_o portion_n of_o duration_n be_v not_o distinguish_v or_o consider_v as_o distinguish_v and_o measure_v by_o such_o period_n come_v not_o so_o proper_o under_o the_o notion_n of_o time_n as_o appear_v by_o such_o phrase_n as_o these_o viz._n before_o all_o time_n and_o when_o time_n shall_v be_v no_o more_o §_o 19_o the_o diurnal_a and_o annual_a revolution_n of_o the_o sun_n as_o have_v be_v from_o the_o begin_n of_o nature_n constant_a regular_a and_o universal_o observable_a by_o all_o mankind_n and_o suppose_v equal_a to_o one_o another_o have_v be_v with_o reason_n make_v use_v of_o for_o the_o measure_n of_o duration_n but_o the_o distinction_n of_o day_n and_o year_n have_v depend_v on_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n it_o have_v bring_v this_o mistake_n with_o it_o that_o it_o have_v be_v think_v that_o motion_n and_o duration_n be_v the_o measure_n one_o of_o another_o for_o man_n in_o the_o measure_n of_o the_o length_n of_o time_n have_v be_v accustom_v to_o the_o idea_n of_o minute_n hour_n day_n month_n year_n etc._n etc._n which_o they_o find_v themselves_o upon_o any_o mention_n of_o time_n or_o duration_n present_o to_o think_v on_o all_o which_o portion_n of_o time_n be_v measure_v out_o by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heaven_n they_o be_v apt_a to_o confound_v time_n and_o motion_n or_o at_o least_o to_o think_v that_o they_o have_v a_o necessary_a connexion_n one_o with_o another_o whereas_o any_o constant_a periodical_a appearance_n or_o alteration_n of_o idea_n in_o seem_o equidistant_a space_n of_o duration_n if_o constant_a and_o universal_o observable_a will_v have_v as_o well_o distinguish_v the_o interval_n of_o time_n as_o those_o that_o have_v be_v make_v use_n of_o for_o suppose_v the_o sun_n which_o some_o have_v take_v to_o be_v a_o fire_n have_v be_v light_v up_o at_o the_o same_o distance_n of_o time_n that_o it_o now_o every_o day_n come_v about_o to_o the_o same_o meridian_n and_o then_o go_v out_o again_o about_o twelve_o hour_n after_o and_o that_o in_o the_o space_n of_o a_o annual_a revolution_n it_o have_v sensible_o increase_v in_o brightness_n and_o heat_n and_o so_o decrease_v again_o will_v not_o such_o regular_a appearance_n serve_v to_o measure_v out_o the_o distance_n of_o duration_n to_o all_o that_o can_v observe_v it_o as_o well_o without_o as_o with_o motion_n for_o if_o the_o appearance_n be_v constant_a universal_o observable_a and_o in_o equidistant_a period_n they_o will_v serve_v mankind_n for_o measure_n of_o time_n as_o well_o be_v the_o motion_n away_o §_o 20._o for_o the_o freeze_a of_o water_n or_o the_o blow_n of_o a_o plant_n return_v at_o equidistant_a period_n in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n will_v as_o well_o serve_v man_n to_o reckon_v their_o year_n by_o as_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o in_o effect_n we_o see_v that_o some_o people_n in_o america_n count_v their_o year_n by_o the_o come_n of_o certain_a bird_n among_o they_o at_o their_o certain_a season_n and_o leave_v they_o at_o other_o for_o any_o idea_n return_v constant_o at_o equidistant_a period_n as_o a_o fit_a of_o a_o ague_n the_o sense_n of_o hunger_n or_o thirst_v a_o smell_n or_o a_o taste_n and_o make_v itself_o universal_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o will_v not_o fail_v to_o measure_v out_o the_o course_n of_o succession_n and_o distinguish_v the_o distance_n of_o time_n and_o we_o see_v that_o man_n bear_v blind_a count_v time_n well_o enough_o by_o year_n who_o revolution_n yet_o they_o can_v distinguish_v by_o motion_n that_o they_o perceive_v not_o and_o i_o ask_v whether_o a_o blind_a man_n who_o distinguish_v his_o year_n either_o by_o heat_n of_o summer_n and_o cold_a of_o winter_n by_o the_o smell_n of_o any_o flower_n of_o the_o spring_n or_o taste_v of_o any_o fruit_n of_o the_o autumn_n will_v not_o have_v a_o better_a measure_n of_o time_n than_o the_o roman_n have_v before_o the_o reformation_n of_o their_o calendar_n by_o julius_n caesar_n or_o many_o other_o people_n who_o year_n notwithstanding_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o they_o pretend_v to_o make_v use_n of_o be_v very_o irregular_a and_o it_o add_v no_o small_a difficulty_n to_o chronology_n that_o the_o exact_a length_n of_o the_o year_n that_o several_a nation_n count_v by_o be_v hard_a to_o be_v know_v they_o differ_v very_o much_o one_o from_o another_o and_o i_o think_v i_o may_v say_v all_o of_o they_o from_o the_o precise_a motion_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o if_o the_o sun_n move_v from_o the_o creation_n to_o the_o flood_n constant_o in_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o so_o equal_o disperse_v his_o light_n and_o heat_n to_o all_o the_o habitable_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o day_n all_o of_o the_o same_o length_n without_o its_o annual_a variation_n to_o the_o tropic_n as_o a_o late_a ingenious_a author_n suppose_v i_o do_v not_o think_v it_o very_o easy_a to_o imagine_v that_o notwithstanding_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n men_n shall_v in_o the_o antediluvian_n world_n from_o the_o beginning_n count_v by_o year_n or_o measure_v their_o time_n by_o period_n that_o have_v no_o sensible_a mark_n very_o obvious_a to_o distinguish_v they_o by_o §_o 21._o but_o perhaps_o it_o will_v be_v say_v without_o a_o regular_a motion_n such_o as_o of_o the_o sun_n or_o some_o other_o how_o can_v it_o ever_o be_v know_v that_o such_o period_n be_v equal_a to_o which_o i_o answer_v the_o equality_n of_o any_o other_o return_v appearance_n may_v be_v know_v by_o the_o same_o way_n that_o that_o of_o day_n be_v know_v or_o presume_v to_o be_v so_o at_o first_o which_o be_v only_o by_o judge_v of_o they_o by_o the_o train_n of_o idea_n have_v pass_v in_o man_n mind_n in_o the_o interval_n whereby_o they_o guess_v they_o to_o be_v equal_a which_o be_v sufficient_a to_o make_v they_o serve_v for_o a_o measure_n though_o since_o exacter_n search_n have_v discover_v inequality_n in_o the_o diurnal_a revolution_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o we_o know_v not_o whether_o the_o annual_a also_o be_v not_o unequal_a those_o yet_o by_o their_o presume_a and_o apparent_a equality_n serve_v as_o well_o to_o reckon_v time_n by_o though_o not_o to_o measure_v the_o part_n of_o duration_n exact_o as_o if_o they_o can_v be_v prove_v to_o be_v exact_o equal_a we_o must_v therefore_o careful_o distinguish_v betwixt_o duration_n itself_o and_o the_o measure_n we_o make_v use_v of_o to_o judge_v of_o its_o length_n duration_n in_o itself_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v as_o go_v on_o in_o one_o constant_a equal_a uniform_a course_n but_o none_o of_o the_o measure_n of_o it_o we_o make_v use_v of_o can_v be_v know_v to_o do_v so_o nor_o can_v we_o be_v assure_v that_o their_o assign_a part_n or_o period_n be_v equal_a in_o duration_n one_o to_o another_o for_o two_o successive_a length_n of_o duration_n however_o measure_v can_v never_o be_v demonstrate_v to_o be_v equal_a that_o which_o the_o world_n use_v so_o long_o and_o so_o confident_o for_o a_o exact_a measure_n of_o duration_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n have_v as_o i_o say_v be_v find_v in_o its_o several_a part_n unequal_a and_o though_o man_n have_v of_o late_o make_v use_n of_o a_o pendulum_n as_o a_o more_o steady_a and_o regular_a motion_n than_o that_o of_o the_o sun_n or_o to_o speak_v more_o true_o of_o the_o earth_n yet_o if_o any_o one_o shall_v be_v ask_v how_o he_o certain_o know_v that_o the_o two_o successive_a swing_v of_o a_o pendulum_n be_v equal_a it_o will_v be_v very_o hard_a to_o satisfy_v himself_o that_o they_o be_v infallible_o so_o since_o we_o can_v be_v sure_a that_o the_o cause_n of_o that_o motion_n which_o be_v unknown_a to_o we_o shall_v always_o operate_v equal_o and_o we_o be_v sure_a that_o the_o medium_fw-la in_o which_o the_o pendulum_n move_v be_v not_o constant_o the_o same_o either_o of_o which_o vary_v may_v alter_v the_o equality_n of_o such_o period_n and_o thereby_o destroy_v the_o certainty_n and_o exactness_n of_o the_o measure_n by_o motion_n as_o well_o as_o any_o other_o period_n of_o other_o appearance_n the_o notion_n of_o duration_n still_o remain_v clear_a though_o our_o
solid_a part_n of_o matter_n and_o so_o include_v or_o at_o least_o intimate_v the_o idea_n of_o body_n whereas_o the_o idea_n of_o pure_a distance_n include_v no_o such_o thing_n i_o prefer_v also_o the_o word_n expansion_n to_o space_n because_o space_n be_v often_o apply_v to_o distance_n of_o fleet_a successive_a part_n which_o never_o exist_v together_o as_o well_o as_o to_o those_o which_o be_v permanent_a in_o both_o these_o viz._n expansion_n and_o duration_n the_o mind_n have_v this_o common_a idea_n of_o continue_a length_n capable_a of_o great_a or_o less_o quantity_n for_o a_o man_n have_v as_o clear_v a_o idea_n of_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o length_n of_o a_o hour_n and_o a_o day_n as_o of_o a_o inch_n and_o a_o foot_n §_o 2._o the_o mind_n have_v get_v the_o idea_n of_o the_o length_n of_o any_o part_n of_o expansion_n let_v it_o be_v a_o span_n or_o a_o pace_n or_o what_o length_n you_o will_v can_v as_o have_v be_v say_v repeat_v that_o idea_n and_o so_o add_v it_o to_o the_o former_a enlarge_v its_o idea_n of_o length_n and_o make_v it_o equal_a to_o two_o span_n or_o two_o pace_n and_o so_o as_o often_o as_o it_o will_v till_o it_o equal_v the_o distance_n of_o any_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n one_o from_o another_o and_o increase_v thus_o till_o it_o amount_v to_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o remote_a star_n by_o such_o a_o progression_n as_o this_o set_v out_o from_o the_o place_n where_o it_o be_v or_o any_o other_o place_n it_o can_v proceed_v and_o pass_v beyond_o all_o those_o length_n and_o find_v nothing_o to_o stop_v its_o go_v on_o either_o in_o or_o without_o body_n it_o be_v true_a we_o can_v easy_o in_o our_o thought_n come_v to_o the_o end_n of_o solid_a extension_n the_o extremity_n and_o bound_n of_o all_o body_n we_o have_v no_o difficulty_n to_o arrive_v at_o but_o when_o the_o mind_n be_v there_o it_o find_v nothing_o to_o hinder_v its_o progress_n into_o this_o endless_a expansion_n of_o that_o it_o can_v neither_o find_v nor_o conceive_v any_o end_n nor_o let_v any_o one_o say_v that_o beyond_o the_o bound_n of_o body_n there_o be_v nothing_o at_o all_o unless_o he_o will_v confine_v god_n within_o the_o limit_n of_o matter_n solomon_n who_o understanding_n be_v fill_v and_o enlarge_v with_o wisdom_n seem_v to_o have_v other_o thought_n when_o he_o say_v heaven_n and_o the_o heaven_n of_o heaven_n can_v contain_v thou_o and_o he_o i_o think_v very_o much_o magnify_v to_o himself_o the_o capacity_n of_o his_o own_o understanding_n who_o persuade_v himself_o that_o he_o can_v extend_v his_o thought_n far_o than_o god_n exist_v or_o imagine_v any_o expansion_n where_o he_o be_v not_o §_o 3._o just_o so_o be_v it_o in_o duration_n the_o mind_n have_v get_v the_o idea_n of_o any_o length_n of_o duration_n can_v double_v multiply_v and_o enlarge_v it_o not_o only_o beyond_o its_o own_o but_o beyond_o the_o existence_n of_o all_o corporeal_a being_n and_o all_o the_o measure_n of_o time_n take_v from_o the_o great_a body_n of_o the_o world_n and_o their_o motion_n but_o yet_o every_o one_o easy_o admit_v that_o though_o we_o make_v duration_n boundless_a as_o certain_o it_o be_v we_o can_v yet_o extend_v it_o beyond_o all_o be_v god_n every_o one_o easy_o allow_v fill_v eternity_n and_o it_o be_v hard_a to_o find_v a_o reason_n why_o any_o one_o shall_v doubt_v that_o he_o likewise_o fill_v immensity_n his_o infinite_a be_v be_v certain_o as_o boundless_a one_o way_n as_o another_o and_o methinks_v it_o ascribe_v a_o little_a too_o much_o to_o matter_n to_o say_v where_o there_o be_v no_o body_n there_o be_v nothing_o §_o 4._o hence_o i_o think_v we_o may_v learn_v the_o reason_n why_o every_o one_o familiar_o and_o without_o the_o least_o hesitation_n speak_v of_o and_o suppose_v eternity_n and_o stick_v not_o to_o ascribe_v infinity_o to_o duration_n but_o it_o be_v with_o more_o doubt_v and_o reserve_v that_o many_o admit_v or_o suppose_v the_o infinity_o of_o space_n the_o reason_n whereof_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v this_o that_o duration_n and_o extension_n be_v use_v as_o name_n of_o affection_n belong_v to_o other_o being_n we_o easy_o conceive_v in_o god_n infinite_a duration_n and_o we_o can_v avoid_v do_v so_o but_o not_o attribute_v to_o he_o extension_n but_o only_o to_o matter_n which_o be_v finite_a we_o be_v apt_a to_o doubt_v of_o the_o existence_n of_o expansion_n without_o matter_n of_o which_o alone_o we_o common_o suppose_v it_o a_o attribute_n and_o therefore_o when_o man_n pursue_v their_o thought_n of_o space_n they_o be_v apt_a to_o stop_v at_o the_o confine_n of_o body_n as_o if_o space_n be_v there_o at_o a_o end_n too_o and_o reach_v no_o far_o or_o if_o their_o idea_n upon_o consideration_n carry_v they_o far_o yet_o they_o term_v what_o be_v beyond_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o universe_n imaginary_a space_n as_o if_o it_o be_v nothing_o because_o there_o be_v no_o body_n exist_v in_o it_o whereas_o duration_n antecedent_n to_o all_o body_n and_o the_o motion_n it_o be_v measure_v by_o they_o never_o term_v imaginary_a because_o it_o be_v never_o suppose_v void_a of_o some_o other_o real_a existence_n and_o if_o the_o name_n of_o thing_n may_v at_o all_o direct_a our_o thought_n towards_o the_o original_n of_o man_n idea_n as_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o think_v they_o may_v very_o much_o one_o may_v have_v occasion_n to_o think_v by_o the_o name_n duration_n that_o the_o continuation_n of_o existence_n with_o a_o kind_n of_o resistance_n to_o any_o destructive_a force_n and_o the_o continuation_n of_o solidity_n which_o be_v apt_a to_o be_v confound_v with_o and_o if_o we_o will_v look_v into_o the_o minute_n atomical_a part_n of_o matter_n be_v little_a different_a from_o hardness_n be_v think_v to_o have_v some_o analogy_n and_o give_v occasion_n to_o word_n so_o near_o of_o kin_n as_o durare_fw-la and_o durum_fw-la esse_fw-la but_o be_v that_o as_o it_o will_v this_o be_v certain_a that_o whoever_o pursue_v his_o own_o thought_n will_v find_v they_o sometime_o launch_v out_o beyond_o the_o extent_n of_o body_n into_o the_o infinity_o of_o space_n or_o expansion_n the_o idea_n whereof_o be_v distinct_a and_o separate_a from_o body_n and_o all_o other_o thing_n which_o may_v to_o those_o who_o please_o be_v a_o subject_n of_o far_a meditation_n §_o 5._o time_n in_o general_n be_v to_o duration_n as_o place_n to_o expansion_n they_o be_v so_o much_o of_o those_o boundless_a ocean_n of_o eternity_n and_o immensity_n as_o be_v set_v out_o and_o distinguish_v from_o the_o rest_n as_o it_o be_v by_o landmark_n and_o so_o be_v make_v use_n of_o to_o denote_v the_o position_n of_o â—inite_a real_a being_n in_o respect_n one_o to_o another_o in_o those_o uniform_a infinite_a ocean_n of_o duration_n and_o space_n these_o right_o consider_v be_v nothing_o but_o idea_n of_o determinate_a distance_n from_o certain_a know_a point_n fix_v in_o distinguishable_a sensible_a thing_n and_o suppose_v to_o keep_v the_o same_o distance_n one_o from_o another_o from_o such_o point_n fix_v in_o sensible_a being_n we_o reckon_v and_o from_o they_o we_o measure_v out_o portion_n of_o those_o infinite_a quantity_n which_o so_o consider_v be_v that_o which_o we_o call_v time_n and_o place_n for_o duration_n and_o space_n be_v in_o themselves_o uniform_a and_o boundless_a the_o order_n and_o position_n of_o thing_n without_o such_o know_a settle_a point_n will_v be_v lose_v in_o they_o and_o all_o thing_n will_v lie_v jumble_v in_o a_o incurable_a confession_n §_o 6._o time_n and_o place_n take_v thus_o for_o determinate_a distinguishable_a portion_n of_o those_o infinite_a abysses_n of_o space_n and_o duration_n set_v out_o or_o suppose_v to_o be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o rest_n by_o mark_n and_o know_v boundary_n have_v each_o of_o they_o a_o twofold_a acceptation_n first_o time_n in_o general_n be_v common_o take_v for_o so_o much_o of_o infinite_a duration_n as_o it_o measure_v out_o by_o and_o co-exhistent_a with_o the_o existence_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o great_a body_n of_o the_o universe_n as_o far_o as_o we_o know_v any_o thing_n of_o they_o and_o in_o this_o sense_n time_n begin_v and_o end_v with_o the_o frame_n of_o this_o sensible_a world_n as_o in_o these_o phrase_n before_o mention_v before_o all_o time_n or_o when_o time_n shall_v be_v no_o more_o place_v likewise_o be_v take_v sometime_o for_o that_o portion_n of_o infinite_a space_n which_o be_v possess_v by_o and_o comprehend_v within_o the_o material_a world_n and_o be_v thereby_o distinguish_v from_o the_o rest_n of_o expansion_n though_o this_o may_v more_o proper_o be_v call_v extension_n than_o place_n within_o these_o two_o be_v confine_v and_o by_o the_o observable_a part_n of_o they_o be_v measure_v and_o determine_v the_o
a_o man_n can_v will_n what_o he_o will_v or_o be_v please_v with_o what_o he_o be_v please_v with_o a_o question_n which_o i_o think_v needs_o no_o answer_n and_o they_o who_o can_v make_v a_o question_n of_o it_o must_v suppose_v one_o will_n to_o determine_v the_o act_n of_o another_o and_o another_o to_o determinate_a that_o and_o so_o on_o in_o infinitum_fw-la a_o absurdity_n before_o take_v notice_n of_o §_o 26._o to_o avoid_v these_o and_o the_o like_a absurdity_n nothing_o can_v be_v of_o great_a use_n than_o to_o establish_v in_o our_o mind_n clear_a and_o steady_a notion_n of_o the_o thing_n under_o consideration_n if_o the_o idea_n of_o liberty_n and_o volition_n be_v well_o fix_v in_o our_o understanding_n and_o carry_v along_o with_o we_o in_o our_o mind_n as_o they_o ought_v through_o all_o the_o question_n be_v raise_v about_o they_o i_o suppose_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o difficulty_n that_o perplex_a man_n thought_n and_o entangle_v their_o understanding_n will_v be_v much_o easy_o resolve_v and_o we_o shall_v perceive_v where_o the_o confuse_a signification_n of_o term_n or_o where_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n cause_v the_o obscurity_n §_o 27._o first_o then_o it_o be_v careful_o to_o be_v remember_v that_o freedom_n consist_v in_o the_o dependence_n of_o the_o existence_n or_o not_o existence_n of_o any_o action_n upon_o our_o volition_n of_o it_o and_o not_o in_o the_o dependence_n of_o any_o action_n or_o its_o contrary_a on_o our_o preference_n a_o man_n stand_v on_o a_o cliff_n be_v at_o liberty_n to_o leap_v twenty_o yard_n downward_o into_o the_o sea_n not_o because_o he_o have_v a_o power_n to_o do_v the_o contrary_a action_n which_o be_v to_o leap_v twenty_o yard_n upward_o for_o that_o he_o can_v do_v but_o he_o be_v therefore_o free_a because_o he_o have_v a_o power_n to_o leap_v or_o not_o to_o leap_v but_o if_o a_o great_a force_n than_o he_o either_o hold_v he_o fast_o or_o tumble_v he_o down_o he_o be_v no_o long_o free_v in_o that_o case_n because_o the_o do_v or_o forbearance_n of_o that_o particular_a action_n be_v no_o long_o in_o his_o power_n he_o that_o be_v a_o close_a prisoner_n in_o a_o room_n twenty_o foot_n square_a be_v at_o the_o north-side_n of_o his_o chamber_n be_v at_o liberty_n to_o walk_v twenty_o foot_n southward_o because_o he_o can_v walk_v or_o not_o walk_v it_o but_o be_v not_o at_o the_o same_o time_n at_o liberty_n to_o do_v the_o contrary_a i._n e._n to_o walk_v twenty_o foot_n northward_o in_o this_o then_o consist_v freedom_n viz._n in_o our_o be_v able_a to_o act_v or_o not_o to_o act_v according_a as_o we_o shall_v choose_v or_o will_n §_n 28._o second_o in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o must_v remember_v that_o volition_n or_o willing_n regard_v only_o what_o be_v in_o our_o power_n be_v nothing_o but_o the_o prefer_v the_o do_v of_o any_o thing_n to_o the_o not_o do_v of_o it_o action_n to_o rest_n &_o contra_fw-la well_o but_o what_o be_v this_o prefer_v it_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o be_v please_v more_o with_o the_o one_o than_o the_o other_o be_v then_o a_o man_n indifferent_a to_o be_v please_v or_o not_o please_v more_o with_o one_o thing_n than_o another_o be_v it_o in_o his_o choice_n whether_o he_o will_v or_o will_v not_o be_v better_o please_v with_o one_o thing_n than_o another_o and_o to_o this_o i_o think_v every_o one_o experience_n be_v ready_a to_o make_v answer_n no._n from_o whence_o it_o follow_v §_o 29._o three_o that_o the_o will_n or_o preference_n be_v determine_v by_o something_o without_o itself_o let_v we_o see_v then_o what_o it_o be_v determine_v by_o if_o willing_a be_v but_o the_o be_v better_o please_v as_o have_v be_v show_v it_o be_v easy_a to_o know_v what_o it_o be_v determine_v the_o will_n what_o it_o be_v please_v best_o every_o one_o know_v it_o be_v happiness_n or_o that_o which_o make_v any_o part_n of_o happiness_n or_o contribute_v to_o it_o and_o that_o be_v it_o we_o call_v good_n happiness_n and_o misery_n be_v the_o name_n of_o two_o extreme_n the_o utmost_a bound_n whereof_o we_o know_v not_o it_o be_v wat_fw-mi eye_n have_v not_o see_v ear_n have_v not_o hear_v nor_o have_v enter_v into_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n to_o conceive_v but_o of_o some_o degree_n of_o both_o we_o have_v very_o lively_a impression_n make_v by_o several_a instance_n of_o delight_n and_o joy_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o torment_v and_o sorrow_n on_o the_o other_o which_o for_o shortness_n sake_n i_o shall_v comprehend_v under_o the_o name_n of_o pleasure_n and_o pain_n there_o be_v pleasure_n and_o pain_n of_o the_o mind_n as_o well_o as_o the_o body_n with_o he_o be_v fullness_n of_o joy_n and_o pleasure_n for_o evermore_o or_o to_o speak_v true_o they_o be_v all_o of_o the_o mind_n though_o some_o have_v their_o rise_n in_o the_o mind_n from_o thought_n other_o in_o the_o body_n from_o motion_n happiness_n then_o be_v the_o utmost_a pleasure_n we_o be_v capable_a of_o and_o misery_n the_o utmost_a pain_n now_o because_o pleasure_n and_o pain_n be_v produce_v in_o we_o by_o the_o operation_n of_o certain_a object_n either_o on_o our_o mind_n or_o our_o body_n and_o in_o different_a degree_n therefore_o what_o have_v a_o aptness_n to_o produce_v pleasure_n in_o we_o be_v that_o we_o labour_v for_o and_o be_v that_o we_o call_v good_a and_o what_o be_v apt_a to_o produce_v pain_n in_o we_o we_o avoid_v and_o call_v evil_a for_o no_o other_o reason_n but_o for_o its_o aptness_n to_o produce_v pleasure_n and_o pain_n in_o we_o wherein_o consist_v our_o happiness_n or_o misery_n far_o because_o the_o degree_n of_o pleasure_n and_o pain_n have_v also_o just_o a_o preference_n though_o what_o be_v apt_a to_o produce_v any_o degree_n of_o pleasure_n be_v in_o itself_o good_a and_o what_o be_v apt_a to_o produce_v any_o degree_n of_o pain_n be_v evil_a yet_o it_o often_o happen_v that_o we_o do_v not_o call_v it_o so_o when_o it_o come_v in_o competition_n with_o a_o great_a of_o its_o sort_n so_o that_o if_o we_o will_v right_o estimate_v what_o we_o call_v good_a and_o evil_a we_o shall_v find_v it_o lie_v much_o in_o comparison_n for_o the_o cause_n of_o every_o less_o degree_n of_o pain_n as_o well_o as_o every_o great_a degree_n of_o pleasure_n have_v the_o nature_n of_o good_a and_o vice_n versâ_fw-la and_o be_v that_o which_o determine_v our_o choice_n and_o challenge_v our_o preference_n good_a then_o the_o great_a good_a be_v that_o alone_a which_o determine_v the_o will._n §_o 30._o this_o be_v not_o a_o imperfection_n in_o man_n it_o be_v the_o high_a perfection_n of_o intellectual_a nature_n it_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v a_o restraint_n or_o diminution_n of_o freedom_n that_o it_o be_v the_o very_a improvement_n and_o benefit_n of_o it_o it_o be_v not_o a_o abrigdment_n it_o be_v the_o end_n and_o use_v of_o our_o liberty_n and_o the_o far_o we_o be_v remove_v from_o such_o a_o determination_n to_o good_a the_o near_o we_o be_v to_o misery_n and_o slavery_n a_o perfect_a indifferency_n in_o the_o will_n or_o power_n of_o prefer_v not_o determinable_a by_o the_o good_a or_o evil_a that_o be_v think_v to_o attend_v its_o choice_n will_v be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v a_o advantage_n and_o excellency_n of_o any_o intellectual_a nature_n that_o it_o will_v be_v as_o great_a a_o imperfection_n as_o the_o want_n of_o indifferency_n to_o act_n or_o not_o to_o act_v till_o determine_v by_o the_o will_n will_v be_v a_o imperfection_n on_o the_o other_o side_n a_o man_n be_v at_o liberty_n to_o lift_v up_o his_o hand_n to_o his_o head_n or_o let_v it_o rest_v quiet_a he_o be_v perfect_o indifferent_a to_o either_o and_o it_o will_v be_v a_o imperfection_n in_o he_o if_o he_o want_v that_o power_n if_o he_o be_v deprive_v of_o that_o indifferency_n but_o it_o will_v be_v as_o great_a a_o imperfection_n if_o he_o have_v the_o same_o indifferency_n whether_o he_o will_v prefer_v the_o liâ—ting_n up_o his_o hand_n or_o its_o remain_v in_o rest_n when_o it_o will_v â—ave_n his_o head_n or_o eye_n from_o a_o blow_n he_o see_v come_v it_o be_v as_o much_o a_o perfection_n that_o the_o power_n of_o prefer_v shall_v be_v determine_v by_o good_a as_o that_o the_o power_n of_o act_v shall_v be_v determine_v by_o the_o will_n and_o the_o certain_a such_o determination_n be_v the_o great_a be_v the_o perfection_n §_o 31._o if_o we_o look_v upon_o those_o superior_a being_n above_o we_o who_o enjoy_v perfect_a happiness_n we_o shall_v have_v reason_n to_o judge_v they_o be_v more_o steady_o determine_v in_o their_o choice_n of_o good_a than_o we_o and_o yet_o we_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o think_v they_o be_v less_o happy_a or_o less_o free_a than_o we_o
they_o shall_v be_v true_a idea_n nor_o do_v they_o become_v liable_a to_o any_o imputation_n of_o falsehood_n if_o the_o mind_n as_o in_o most_o man_n i_o believe_v it_o do_v judge_v the_o idea_n to_o be_v in_o these_o thing_n themselves_o for_o god_n in_o his_o wisdom_n have_v set_v they_o as_o mark_v of_o distinction_n in_o thing_n whereby_o we_o may_v be_v able_a to_o discern_v one_o thing_n from_o another_o and_o so_o choose_v any_o of_o they_o for_o our_o use_n as_o we_o have_v occasion_n it_o alter_v not_o the_o nature_n of_o our_o simple_a idea_n whether_o we_o think_v that_o the_o idea_n of_o blue_n be_v in_o the_o violet_n itself_o or_o in_o our_o mind_n only_o and_o only_o the_o power_n of_o produce_v it_o by_o the_o texture_n of_o its_o part_n reflect_v the_o particle_n of_o light_n after_o a_o certain_a manner_n to_o be_v in_o the_o violet_n itself_o for_o that_o texture_n in_o the_o object_n operate_n regular_o and_o constant_o produce_v the_o same_o idea_n of_o blue_n in_o we_o it_o serve_v we_o to_o distinguish_v by_o our_o eye_n that_o from_o any_o other_o thing_n whether_o that_o distinguish_a mark_n as_o it_o be_v real_o in_o the_o violet_n be_v only_o a_o peculiar_a texture_n of_o part_n or_o else_o that_o very_a colour_n the_o idea_n whereof_o which_o be_v in_o we_o be_v the_o exact_a resemblance_n and_o it_o be_v equal_o from_o that_o appearance_n to_o be_v denominate_v blue_a whether_o it_o be_v that_o real_a colour_n or_o only_o a_o peculiar_a texture_n in_o it_o that_o cause_n in_o we_o that_o idea_n since_o the_o name_n blue_a note_n proper_o nothing_o but_o that_o mark_v of_o distinction_n that_o be_v in_o a_o violet_n discernible_a only_o by_o our_o eye_n whatever_o it_o consist_v in_o that_o be_v beyond_o our_o capacity_n distinct_o to_o know_v and_o perhaps_o will_v be_v of_o less_o use_n to_o we_o if_o we_o have_v faculty_n to_o discern_v §_o 15._o neither_o will_v it_o carry_v any_o imputation_n of_o falsehood_n to_o our_o simple_a idea_n if_o by_o the_o different_a structure_n of_o our_o organ_n it_o be_v so_o order_v that_o the_o same_o object_n shall_v produce_v in_o several_a man_n mind_n different_a idea_n at_o the_o same_o time_n v_o g._n if_o the_o idea_n that_o a_o violet_n produce_v in_o one_o man_n mind_n by_o his_o eye_n be_v the_o same_o that_o a_o marigold_n produce_v in_o another_o man_n and_o vice_n versâ_fw-la for_o since_o this_o can_v never_o be_v know_v because_o one_o man_n mind_n can_v not_o pass_v into_o another_o man_n body_n to_o perceive_v what_o appearance_n be_v produce_v by_o those_o organ_n neither_o the_o idea_n hereby_o nor_o the_o name_n will_v be_v at_o all_o confound_v or_o any_o falsehood_n be_v in_o either_o for_o all_o thing_n that_o have_v the_o texture_n of_o a_o violet_n produce_v constant_o the_o idea_n which_o he_o call_v blue_a and_o those_o which_o have_v the_o texture_n of_o a_o marigold_n produce_v constant_o the_o idea_n which_o he_o as_o constant_o call_v yellow_a whatever_o those_o appearance_n be_v in_o his_o mind_n he_o will_v be_v able_a as_o regular_o to_o distinguish_v thing_n for_o his_o use_n by_o those_o appearance_n and_o understand_v and_o signify_v those_o distinction_n mark_v by_o the_o name_n blue_a and_o yellow_a as_o if_o the_o appearance_n or_o idea_n in_o his_o mind_n receive_v from_o those_o two_o flower_n be_v exact_o the_o same_o with_o the_o idea_n in_o other_o man_n mind_n i_o be_o nevertheless_o very_o apt_a to_o think_v that_o the_o sensible_a idea_n produce_v by_o any_o object_n in_o different_a man_n mind_n be_v most_o common_o very_o near_o and_o undiscernable_o alike_o for_o which_o opinion_n i_o think_v there_o may_v be_v many_o reason_n offer_v but_o that_o be_v beside_o my_o present_a business_n i_o shall_v not_o trouble_v my_o reader_n with_o they_o but_o only_o mind_v he_o that_o the_o contrary_a supposition_n if_o it_o can_v be_v prove_v be_v of_o little_a use_n either_o for_o the_o improvement_n of_o our_o knowledge_n or_o conveniency_n of_o life_n and_o so_o we_o need_v not_o trouble_v ourselves_o to_o examine_v it_o §_o 16._o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v concern_v our_o simple_a idea_n i_o think_v it_o evident_a that_o our_o simple_a idea_n can_v none_o of_o they_o be_v false_a in_o respect_n of_o thing_n exist_v without_o we_o for_o the_o truth_n of_o these_o appearance_n or_o perception_n in_o our_o mind_n consist_v as_o have_v be_v say_v only_o in_o their_o be_v answerable_a to_o the_o power_n in_o external_a object_n to_o produce_v by_o our_o sense_n such_o appearance_n in_o we_o and_o each_o of_o they_o be_v in_o the_o mind_n such_o as_o it_o be_v suitable_a to_o the_o power_n that_o produce_v it_o and_o which_o alone_o it_o represent_v it_o can_v upon_o that_o account_n or_o as_o refer_v to_o such_o a_o pattern_n be_v false_a blue_a or_o yellow_a bitter_a or_o sweet_a can_v never_o be_v false_a idea_n these_o perception_n in_o the_o mind_n be_v just_o such_o as_o they_o be_v there_o answer_v the_o power_n appoint_v by_o god_n to_o produce_v they_o and_o so_o be_v true_o what_o they_o be_v and_o be_v intend_v to_o be_v indeed_o the_o name_n may_v be_v misapply_v but_o that_o in_o this_o respect_n make_v no_o falsehood_n in_o the_o idea_n as_o if_o a_o man_n ignorant_a in_o the_o english_a tongue_n shall_v call_v purple_a scarlet_n §_o 17._o second_o nether_a can_v our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o modes_n in_o reference_n to_o the_o essence_n of_o any_o thing_n real_o exist_v be_v false_a because_o whatever_o complex_fw-la idea_n i_o have_v of_o any_o mode_n it_o have_v no_o reference_n to_o any_o pattern_n exist_v and_o make_v by_o nature_n it_o be_v not_o suppose_v to_o contain_v in_o it_o any_o other_o idea_n than_o what_o it_o have_v nor_o to_o represent_v any_o thing_n but_o such_o a_o complication_n of_o idea_n as_o it_o do_v thus_o when_o i_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o such_o a_o action_n of_o a_o man_n who_o forbear_v to_o afford_v himself_o such_o meat_n drink_v and_o clothing_n and_o other_o conveniency_n of_o life_n as_o his_o riches_n and_o estate_n will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o supply_v and_o his_o station_n require_v i_o have_v no_o false_a idea_n but_o such_o as_o represent_v a_o action_n either_o as_o i_o find_v or_o imagine_v it_o and_o so_o be_v capable_a of_o neither_o truth_n or_o falshood_n but_o when_o i_o give_v the_o name_n frugality_n or_o virtue_n to_o this_o action_n than_o it_o may_v be_v call_v a_o false_a idea_n if_o thereby_o it_o be_v suppose_v to_o agree_v with_o that_o idea_n to_o which_o in_o propriety_n of_o speech_n the_o name_n of_o frugality_n do_v belong_v or_o to_o be_v conformable_a to_o that_o law_n which_o be_v the_o standard_n of_o virtue_n and_o vice_n §_o 18._o three_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o substance_n be_v all_o refer_v to_o pattern_n in_o thing_n themselves_o may_v be_v false_a that_o they_o be_v all_o false_a when_o look_v upon_o as_o the_o representation_n of_o the_o unknown_a essence_n of_o thing_n be_v so_o evident_a that_o there_o need_v nothing_o to_o be_v say_v of_o it_o i_o shall_v therefore_o pass_v over_o that_o chimerical_a supposition_n and_o consider_v they_o as_o collection_n of_o simple_a idea_n in_o the_o mind_n take_v from_o combination_n of_o simple_a idea_n exist_v together_o constant_o in_o thing_n of_o which_o pattern_n they_o be_v the_o suppose_a copy_n and_o in_o this_o reference_n of_o they_o to_o the_o existence_n of_o thing_n they_o be_v false_a idea_n 1._o when_o they_o put_v together_o simple_a idea_n which_o in_o the_o real_a existence_n of_o thing_n have_v no_o union_n as_o when_o to_o the_o shape_n and_o size_n that_o exist_v together_o in_o a_o horse_n be_v join_v in_o the_o same_o complex_fw-la idea_n the_o power_n of_o bark_v like_o a_o dog_n which_o three_o idea_n however_o put_v together_o into_o one_o in_o the_o mind_n be_v never_o unite_v in_o nature_n and_o this_o therefore_o may_v be_v call_v a_o false_a idea_n of_o a_o horse_n 2._o idea_n of_o substance_n be_v in_o this_o respect_n also_o false_a when_o from_o any_o collection_n of_o simple_a idea_n that_o do_v always_o exist_v together_o there_o be_v separate_v by_o a_o direct_a negation_n any_o other_o simple_a idea_n which_o be_v constant_o join_v with_o they_o thus_o if_o to_o extension_n solidity_n fusibility_n the_o peculiar_a weightiness_n and_o yellow_a colour_n of_o gold_n any_o one_o join_v in_o his_o thought_n the_o negation_n of_o a_o great_a degree_n of_o fixedness_n than_o be_v in_o lead_n or_o copper_n he_o may_v be_v say_v to_o have_v a_o false_a complex_fw-la idea_n as_o well_o as_o when_o he_o join_v to_o those_o other_o simple_a one_o the_o idea_n of_o perfect_a absolute_a fixedness_n for_o either_o way_n the_o
man_n certain_a idea_n so_o constant_o and_o ready_o that_o they_o be_v apt_a to_o suppose_v a_o natural_a connexion_n between_o they_o but_o that_o they_o signify_v only_a man_n peculiar_a idea_n and_o that_o by_o a_o perfect_o arbitrary_a imposition_n be_v evident_a in_o that_o they_o often_o fail_v to_o excite_v in_o other_o even_o that_o use_v the_o same_o language_n the_o same_o idea_n we_o take_v they_o to_o be_v the_o sign_n of_o and_o every_o man_n have_v so_o inviolable_a a_o liberty_n to_o make_v word_n stand_v for_o what_o idea_n he_o please_v that_o no_o one_o have_v the_o power_n to_o make_v other_o have_v the_o same_o idea_n in_o their_o mind_n that_o he_o have_v when_o they_o use_v the_o same_o word_n that_o he_o do_v and_o therefore_o the_o great_a augustus_n himself_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o that_o power_n which_o rule_v the_o world_n acknowledge_v he_o can_v not_o make_v a_o new_a latin_a word_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v that_o he_o can_v not_o arbitrary_o appoint_v what_o idea_n any_o sound_n shall_v be_v a_o sign_n of_o in_o the_o mouth_n and_o common_a language_n of_o his_o subject_n it_o be_v true_a common_a use_n by_o a_o tacit_n consent_n appropriate_v certain_a sound_n to_o certain_a idea_n in_o all_o language_n which_o so_o far_o limit_n the_o signification_n of_o that_o sound_n that_o unless_o a_o man_n apply_v it_o to_o the_o same_o idea_n he_o can_v speak_v proper_o and_o it_o be_v also_o true_a that_o unless_o a_o man_n word_n excite_v the_o same_o idea_n in_o the_o hearer_n which_o he_o make_v they_o stand_v for_o in_o speak_v he_o can_v speak_v intelligible_o but_o whatever_o be_v the_o consequence_n of_o his_o use_n of_o any_o word_n different_a either_o from_o the_o public_a or_o that_o person_n to_o who_o he_o address_v they_o this_o be_v certain_a their_o signification_n in_o his_o use_n of_o they_o be_v limit_v to_o his_o idea_n and_o they_o can_v be_v sign_n of_o nothing_o else_o chap._n iii_o of_o general_a term_n §_o 1._o all_o thing_n that_o exist_v be_v particular_n it_o may_v perhaps_o be_v think_v reasonable_a that_o word_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v conform_v to_o thing_n shall_v be_v so_o too_o i_o mean_v in_o their_o signification_n but_o yet_o we_o find_v the_o quite_o contrary_a the_o far_o great_a part_n of_o word_n that_o make_v all_o lauguage_n be_v general_a term_n which_o have_v not_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o neglect_n or_o chance_n but_o of_o reason_n and_o necessity_n §_o 2._o first_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o every_o particular_a thing_n shall_v have_v a_o distinct_a peculiar_a name_n for_o the_o signification_n and_o use_n of_o word_n depend_v on_o that_o connection_n which_o the_o mind_n make_v between_o its_o idea_n and_o the_o sound_v it_o use_v as_o sign_n of_o they_o it_o be_v necessary_a in_o the_o application_n of_o name_n to_o thing_n that_o the_o mind_n shall_v have_v distinct_a idea_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o retain_v also_o the_o particular_a name_n that_o belong_v to_o every_o one_o with_o its_o peculiar_a appropriation_n to_o that_o idea_n but_o it_o be_v beyond_o the_o power_n of_o (null)_o capacity_n to_o frame_v and_o retain_v distinct_a idea_n of_o all_o the_o particular_a thing_n we_o meet_v with_o every_o bird_n and_o beast_n man_n see_v every_o tree_n and_o plant_v that_o affect_v the_o sense_n can_v not_o find_v a_o place_n in_o the_o most_o capacious_a understanding_n if_o it_o be_v look_v on_o as_o a_o instance_n of_o a_o prodigious_a memory_n that_o some_o general_n have_v be_v able_a to_o call_v every_o soldier_n in_o their_o army_n by_o his_o proper_a name_n we_o may_v easy_o find_v a_o reason_n why_o man_n have_v never_o attempt_v to_o give_v name_n to_o each_o sheep_n in_o their_o flock_n or_o crow_n that_o fly_v over_o their_o head_n much_o less_o to_o call_v every_o leaf_n of_o plant_n or_o grain_n of_o sand_n that_o come_v in_o their_o way_n by_o a_o peculiar_a name_n §_o 3._o second_o if_o it_o be_v possible_a it_o will_v yet_o be_v useless_a because_o it_o will_v not_o serve_v to_o the_o chief_a end_n of_o language_n man_n will_v in_o vain_a heap_n up_o name_n of_o particular_a thing_n that_o will_v not_o serve_v they_o to_o communicate_v their_o thought_n man_n learn_v name_n and_o use_v they_o in_o talk_n with_o other_o only_o that_o they_o may_v be_v understand_v which_o be_v then_o only_o do_v when_o by_o use_n or_o consent_n the_o sound_v i_o make_v by_o the_o organ_n of_o speech_n excite_v in_o another_o man_n mind_n who_o hear_v it_o the_o idea_n i_o apply_v it_o to_o in_o i_o when_o i_o speak_v it_o this_o can_v be_v do_v by_o name_n apply_v to_o particular_a thing_n whereof_o i_o alone_o have_v the_o idea_n in_o my_o mind_n the_o name_n of_o they_o can_v not_o be_v significant_a or_o intelligible_a to_o another_o who_o be_v not_o acquaint_v with_o all_o those_o very_a particular_a thing_n which_o have_v fall_v under_o my_o notice_n §_o 4._o three_o but_o yet_o grant_v this_o also_o feasible_a which_o i_o think_v be_v not_o yet_o a_o distinct_a name_n for_o every_o particular_a thing_n will_v not_o be_v of_o any_o great_a use_n for_o the_o improvement_n of_o knowledge_n which_o though_o found_v in_o particular_a thing_n enlarge_v itself_o by_o general_a view_n to_o which_o thing_n reduce_v into_o sort_n under_o general_a name_n be_v proper_o subservient_fw-fr these_o with_o the_o name_n belong_v to_o they_o come_v within_o some_o compass_n and_o do_v not_o multiply_v every_o moment_n beyond_o what_o either_o the_o mind_n can_v contain_v or_o use_v require_v and_o therefore_o in_o these_o man_n have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n stop_v but_o yet_o not_o so_o as_o to_o hinder_v themselves_o from_o distinguish_v particular_a thing_n by_o appropriate_v name_n where_o convenience_n demand_v it_o and_o therefore_o in_o their_o own_o species_n which_o they_o have_v most_o to_o do_v with_o and_o wherein_o they_o have_v often_o occasion_n to_o mention_v particular_a person_n there_o they_o make_v use_v of_o proper_a name_n and_o distinct_a individual_n have_v distinct_a denomination_n §_o 5._o beside_o person_n country_n also_o city_n river_n mountain_n and_o other_o the_o like_a distinction_n of_o place_n have_v usual_o find_v peculiar_a name_n and_o that_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n they_o be_v such_o as_o man_n have_v often_o a_o occasion_n to_o mark_v particular_o and_o as_o it_o be_v set_v before_o other_o in_o their_o discourse_n with_o they_o and_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o if_o we_o have_v reason_n to_o mention_v particular_a horse_n as_o often_o as_o we_o have_v to_o mention_v particular_a man_n we_o shall_v have_v proper_a name_n for_o the_o one_o as_o familiar_a as_o for_o the_o other_o and_o bucephalus_n will_v be_v a_o word_n as_o much_o in_o use_n as_o alexander_n and_o therefore_o we_o see_v that_o among_o jockey_n horse_n have_v their_o proper_a name_n to_o be_v know_v and_o distinguish_v by_o as_o common_o as_o their_o servant_n because_o among_o they_o there_o be_v often_o occasion_n to_o mention_v this_o or_o that_o particular_a horse_n when_o he_o be_v out_o of_o sight_n §_o 6._o the_o next_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v be_v how_o general_a word_n come_v to_o be_v make_v for_o since_o all_o thing_n that_o exist_v be_v only_a particular_n how_o come_v we_o by_o general_a term_n or_o where_o find_v we_o those_o general_a nature_n they_o be_v suppose_v to_o stand_v for_o word_n become_v general_a by_o be_v make_v the_o sign_n of_o general_a idea_n and_o idea_n become_v general_a by_o separate_v from_o they_o the_o circumstance_n of_o time_n or_o place_n or_o any_o other_o idea_n that_o may_v determine_v they_o to_o this_o or_o that_o particular_a existence_n by_o this_o way_n of_o abstraction_n they_o be_v make_v capable_a of_o represent_v more_o individual_n than_o one_o each_o of_o which_o have_v in_o it_o a_o conformity_n to_o that_o abstract_n idea_n be_v as_o we_o call_v it_o of_o that_o sort_n §_o 7._o but_o to_o deduce_v this_o a_o little_a more_o distinct_o it_o will_v not_o perhaps_o be_v amiss_o to_o trace_v our_o notion_n and_o name_n from_o their_o beginning_n and_o observe_v by_o what_o degree_n we_o proceed_v and_o by_o what_o step_v we_o enlarge_v our_o idea_n from_o our_o first_o infancy_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o evident_a than_o that_o the_o idea_n of_o the_o person_n child_n converse_v with_o to_o instance_n in_o they_o alone_o be_v like_o the_o person_n themselves_o only_o particular_a the_o idea_n of_o the_o nurse_n and_o the_o mother_n be_v well_o frame_v in_o their_o mind_n and_o like_o picture_n of_o they_o there_o represent_v only_o those_o individual_n the_o name_n they_o first_o give_v to_o they_o be_v confine_v to_o these_o individual_n and_o the_o name_n of_o nurse_n and_o mamma_n the_o
child_n use_v determine_v themselves_o to_o those_o person_n afterward_o when_o time_n and_o a_o large_a acquaintance_n have_v make_v they_o observe_v that_o there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o other_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n that_o in_o some_o common_a agreement_n of_o shape_n and_o several_a other_o quality_n resemble_v their_o father_n and_o mother_n and_o those_o person_n they_o have_v be_v use_v to_o they_o frame_v a_o idea_n which_o they_o find_v those_o many_o particular_n do_v partake_v in_o and_o to_o that_o they_o give_v with_o other_o the_o name_n man_n for_o example_n and_o thus_o they_o come_v to_o have_v a_o general_a name_n and_o a_o general_a idea_n wherein_o they_o make_v nothing_o new_a but_o only_o leave_v out_o of_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n they_o have_v of_o peteâ—_n and_o james_n mary_n and_o jane_n that_o which_o be_v peculiar_a to_o each_o and_o retain_v only_o what_o be_v common_a to_o they_o all_o §_o 8._o by_o the_o same_o way_n that_o they_o come_v by_o the_o general_a name_n and_o idea_n of_o man_n they_o easy_o advance_v to_o more_o general_a name_n and_o notion_n for_o observe_v that_o several_a thing_n that_o differ_v from_o their_o idea_n of_o man_n and_o can_v therefore_o be_v comprehend_v under_o that_o name_n have_v yet_o certain_a quality_n wherein_o they_o agree_v with_o man_n by_o retain_v only_o those_o quality_n and_o unite_n they_o into_o one_o idea_n they_o have_v again_o another_o and_o a_o more_o general_a idea_n to_o which_o have_v give_v a_o name_n they_o make_v a_o term_n of_o a_o more_o comprehensive_a extension_n which_o new_a idea_n be_v make_v not_o by_o any_o new_a addition_n but_o only_o as_o before_o by_o leave_v out_o the_o shape_n and_o some_o other_o property_n signify_v by_o the_o name_n man_n and_o retain_v only_o a_o body_n with_o life_n sense_n and_o spontaneous_a motion_n comprehend_v under_o the_o name_n animal_n §_o 9_o that_o this_o be_v the_o way_n whereby_o man_n first_o form_v general_a idea_n and_o general_a name_n to_o they_o i_o think_v be_v so_o evident_a that_o there_o need_v no_o other_o proof_n of_o it_o but_o the_o consider_v of_o a_o man_n self_n or_o other_o and_o the_o ordinary_a proceed_n of_o their_o mind_n in_o knowledge_n and_o he_o that_o think_v general_a nature_n or_o notion_n be_v any_o thing_n else_o but_o such_o abstract_n and_o partial_a idea_n of_o more_o complex_fw-la one_o take_v at_o first_o from_o particular_a existence_n will_n i_o fear_v be_v at_o a_o loss_n where_o to_o find_v they_o for_o let_v any_o one_o reflect_v wherein_o do_v his_o idea_n of_o a_o man_n differ_v from_o that_o of_o peter_n and_o paul_n or_o his_o idea_n of_o a_o horse_n from_o that_o of_o bucephalus_n but_o in_o the_o leave_v out_o something_o that_o be_v peculiar_a to_o each_o individual_a and_o retain_v so_o much_o of_o those_o particular_a complex_fw-la idea_n of_o several_a particular_a existence_n as_o they_o be_v find_v to_o agree_v in_o of_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n signify_v by_o the_o name_n man_n and_o horse_n leave_v out_o but_o those_o particular_n wherein_o they_o differ_v and_o retain_v only_o those_o wherein_n they_o agree_v and_o of_o those_o make_v a_o new_a distinct_a complex_fw-la idea_n and_o give_v the_o name_n animal_n to_o it_o one_o have_v a_o more_o general_a term_n that_o comprehend_v with_o man_n several_z other_z creature_n leave_v out_o the_o idea_n of_o animal_n sense_n and_o spontaneous_a motion_n and_o the_o remain_a complex_fw-la idea_n make_v up_o of_o the_o remain_a simple_a one_o of_o body_n life_n and_o nourishment_n become_v a_o more_o general_a one_o under_o the_o more_o comprehensive_a term_n vivens_fw-la and_o not_o to_o dwell_v long_o upon_o this_o particular_a so_o evident_a in_o itself_o by_o the_o same_o way_n the_o mind_n proceed_v to_o body_n substance_n and_o at_o last_o to_o be_v thing_n and_o such_o universal_a term_n which_o stand_v for_o any_o of_o our_o idea_n whatsoever_o to_o conclude_v this_o whole_a mystery_n of_o genera_n and_o species_n which_o make_v such_o a_o noise_n in_o the_o school_n and_o be_v with_o justice_z so_o little_o regard_v out_o of_o they_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o abstract_a idea_n more_o or_o less_o comprehensive_a with_o name_n annex_v to_o they_o in_o all_o which_o this_o be_v constant_a and_o unvariable_a that_o every_o more_o general_a term_n stand_v for_o such_o a_o idea_n as_o be_v but_o a_o part_n of_o any_o of_o those_o contain_v under_o it_o §_o 10._o this_o may_v show_v we_o the_o reason_n why_o in_o the_o define_n of_o word_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o declare_v their_o signification_n we_o make_v use_v of_o the_o genus_fw-la or_o next_o general_a word_n that_o comprehend_v it_o which_o be_v not_o out_o of_o necessity_n but_o only_o to_o save_v the_o labour_n of_o enumerate_v the_o several_a simple_a idea_n which_o the_o next_o general_a word_n or_o genus_fw-la stand_v for_o or_o perhaps_o sometime_o the_o shame_n of_o not_o be_v able_a to_o do_v it_o but_o though_o define_v by_o genus_fw-la and_o differentia_fw-la i_o crave_v leave_n to_o use_v these_o term_n of_o art_n though_o original_o latin_a since_o they_o most_o proper_o suit_v those_o notion_n they_o be_v apply_v to_o i_o say_v though_o define_v by_o the_o genus_fw-la be_v the_o short_a way_n yet_o i_o think_v it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o it_o be_v the_o best_a this_o i_o be_o sure_a it_o be_v not_o the_o only_a and_o so_o not_o absolute_o necessary_a for_o definition_n be_v nothing_o but_o make_v another_o understand_v by_o word_n what_o idea_n the_o term_n definedâ—_n stand_v for_o a_o definition_n be_v best_a make_v by_o enumerate_v those_o simple_a idea_n that_o be_v combine_v in_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o term_n define_v and_o if_o instead_o of_o such_o a_o enumeration_n man_n have_v accustom_v themselves_o to_o use_v the_o next_o general_a term_n it_o have_v not_o be_v out_o of_o necessity_n or_o for_o great_a clearness_n but_o for_o quickness_n and_o dispatch_n sake_n for_o i_o think_v that_o to_o one_o who_o desire_v to_o know_v what_o idea_n the_o word_n man_n stand_v for_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v say_v that_o a_o man_n be_v a_o solid_a extend_a substance_n have_v life_n sense_n spontaneous_a motion_n and_o the_o faculty_n of_o reason_v i_o doubt_v not_o but_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o term_n man_n will_v be_v as_o well_o understand_v and_o the_o idea_n it_o stand_v for_o be_v at_o least_o as_o clear_o make_v know_v as_o when_o it_o be_v define_v to_o be_v a_o rational_a animal_n which_o by_o the_o several_a definition_n of_o animal_n vivens_fw-la and_o corpus_n resolve_v itself_o into_o those_o enumerated_a idea_n i_o have_v in_o explain_v the_o term_n man_n followed_z here_o the_o ordinary_a definition_n of_o the_o school_n which_o though_o perhaps_o not_o the_o most_o exact_a yet_o serve_v well_o enough_o to_o my_o present_a purpose_n and_o one_o may_v in_o this_o instance_n see_v what_o give_v occasion_n to_o that_o rule_n that_o a_o definition_n must_v consist_v of_o its_o genus_fw-la and_o differentia_fw-la and_o it_o suffice_v to_o show_v we_o the_o little_a necessity_n there_o be_v of_o such_o a_o rule_n or_o advantage_n in_o the_o strict_a observe_v of_o it_o for_o definition_n as_o have_v be_v say_v be_v only_o the_o explain_n of_o one_o word_n by_o several_a other_o so_o that_o the_o meaning_n or_o idea_n it_o stand_v for_o may_v be_v certain_o know_v language_n be_v not_o always_o so_o make_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o logic_n that_o every_o term_n can_v have_v its_o signification_n exact_o and_o clear_o express_v by_o two_o other_o experience_v sufficient_o satisfy_v we_o to_o the_o contrary_a or_o else_o those_o who_o have_v make_v this_o rule_n have_v do_v ill_o that_o they_o have_v give_v we_o so_o few_o definition_n conformable_a to_o it_o but_o of_o definition_n more_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n §_o 11._o to_o return_v to_o general_a word_n it_o be_v plain_a by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v that_o general_n and_o universal_a belong_v not_o to_o the_o real_a existence_n of_o thing_n but_o be_v the_o invention_n and_o creature_n of_o the_o understanding_n make_v by_o it_o for_o its_o own_o use_n and_o concern_v only_a sign_n whether_o word_n or_o idea_n word_n be_v general_a as_o have_v be_v say_v when_o use_v for_o sign_n of_o general_a idea_n and_o so_o be_v applicable_a indifferent_o to_o many_o particular_a thing_n and_o idea_n be_v general_a when_o they_o be_v set_v up_o as_o the_o representative_n of_o many_o particular_a thing_n but_o universality_n belong_v not_o to_o thing_n themselves_o which_o be_v all_o of_o they_o particular_a in_o their_o existence_n even_o those_o word_n and_o idea_n which_o in_o their_o signification_n be_v general_a when_o therefore_o we_o quit_v particular_n the_o general_n that_o rest_n be_v only_a
find_v the_o colour_n of_o gold_n we_o be_v apt_a to_o imagine_v all_o the_o other_o quality_n comprehend_v in_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n to_o be_v there_o also_o and_o we_o common_o take_v these_o two_o obvious_a quality_n viz._n shape_n and_o colour_n for_o so_o presumptive_a idea_n of_o several_a species_n that_o in_o a_o good_a picture_n we_o ready_o say_v this_o be_v a_o lion_n and_o that_o a_o rose_n this_o be_v a_o gold_n and_o that_o a_o silver_n goblet_n only_o by_o the_o different_a figure_n and_o colour_n represent_v to_o the_o eye_n by_o the_o pencil_n §_o 29._o but_o though_o this_o serve_v well_o enough_o for_o gross_a and_o confuse_a conception_n and_o unaccurate_a way_n of_o talk_v and_o think_v yet_o man_n be_v far_o enough_o from_o have_v agree_v on_o the_o precise_a number_n of_o simple_a idea_n or_o quality_n belong_v to_o any_o sort_n of_o thing_n signify_v by_o its_o name_n nor_o be_v it_o a_o wonder_n since_o it_o require_v much_o time_n pain_n and_o skill_n 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which_o be_v unite_v in_o nature_n he_o that_o shall_v consider_v after_o so_o much_o stir_v about_o genus_fw-la and_o species_n and_o such_o a_o deal_n of_o talk_n of_o specific_a difference_n how_o few_o word_n we_o have_v yet_o settle_a definition_n of_o may_v with_o reason_n imagine_v that_o those_o form_n there_o have_v be_v so_o much_o noise_n make_v about_o be_v only_a chimera_n which_o give_v we_o no_o light_n into_o the_o specific_a nature_n of_o thingsâ—_n and_o he_o that_o shall_v consider_v how_o far_o the_o name_n of_o substance_n be_v from_o have_v signification_n wherein_o all_o who_o use_v they_o do_v agree_v will_v have_v reason_n to_o conclude_v that_o though_o the_o nominal_a essence_n of_o substance_n be_v all_o suppose_a to_o be_v copy_v from_o natureâ—_n yet_o they_o be_v all_o or_o most_o of_o they_o very_o imperfect_a since_o the_o composition_n of_o those_o complex_fw-la idea_n be_v in_o seveveral_a man_n very_o different_a and_o therefore_o that_o these_o boundary_n of_o species_n be_v as_o man_n and_o not_o as_o nature_n make_v they_o if_o at_o least_o there_o be_v in_o nature_n any_o such_o prefix_a bound_n it_o be_v true_a that_o many_o particular_a substance_n be_v so_o make_v by_o nature_n that_o they_o have_v agreement_n and_o likeness_n one_o with_o another_o and_o so_o afford_v a_o fundation_n of_o be_v rank_v into_o sort_n but_o the_o sort_n of_o thing_n by_o we_o or_o the_o make_n of_o determinate_a species_n be_v in_o order_n to_o name_v and_o comprehend_v they_o under_o general_a term_n i_o can_v see_v how_o it_o can_v be_v proper_o say_v that_o nature_n set_v the_o boundary_n of_o the_o species_n of_o thing_n or_o if_o it_o be_v so_o our_o boundary_n of_o species_n be_v not_o exact_o conformable_a to_o those_o in_o nature_n for_o we_o have_v need_n of_o general_a name_n for_o present_a use_n stay_v not_o for_o a_o perfect_a discovery_n of_o all_o those_o quality_n which_o will_v best_o show_v we_o their_o most_o material_a difference_n and_o agreement_n but_o we_o ourselves_o divide_v they_o by_o certain_a obvious_a appearance_n into_o species_n that_o we_o may_v the_o easy_a under_o general_a name_n communicate_v about_o they_o for_o have_v no_o other_o knowledge_n of_o any_o substance_n but_o of_o the_o simple_a idea_n that_o be_v unite_v in_o it_o and_o observe_v several_a particular_a thing_n to_o agree_v with_o other_o in_o several_a of_o those_o simple_a idea_n we_o make_v that_o collection_n our_o specific_a idea_n and_o give_v it_o a_o general_a name_n that_o in_o record_v our_o own_o thought_n and_o discourse_n with_o other_o we_o may_v in_o one_o short_a word_n design_v all_o the_o individual_n that_o agree_v in_o that_o complex_fw-la idea_n without_o enumerate_v the_o simple_a idea_n that_o make_v it_o up_o and_o so_o not_o waste_v our_o time_n and_o breath_n in_o tedious_a description_n which_o we_o see_v they_o be_v fain_o to_o do_v who_o will_v discourse_v of_o any_o new_a sort_n of_o thing_n they_o have_v not_o yet_o a_o name_n for_o §_o 30._o but_o however_o these_o species_n of_o substance_n pass_v well_o enough_o in_o ordinary_a conversation_n it_o be_v plain_a enough_o that_o this_o complex_fw-la idea_n wherein_o they_o observe_v several_a individual_n to_o agree_v be_v by_o different_a man_n make_v very_o different_o by_o some_o more_o and_o other_o less_o accurate_o in_o some_o this_o complex_fw-la idea_n contain_v a_o great_a and_o in_o other_o a_o small_a number_n of_o quality_n and_o so_o be_v apparent_o such_o as_o the_o mind_n make_v it_o the_o yellow_a shine_a colour_n make_v gold_n to_o child_n other_o add_v weight_n malleableness_n and_o fusibility_n and_o other_o yet_o other_o quality_n they_o find_v join_v with_o that_o yellow_a colour_n as_o constant_o as_o its_o weight_n or_o fusibility_n for_o in_o all_o these_o and_o the_o like_a quality_n one_o have_v as_o good_a a_o right_a to_o be_v put_v into_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o that_o substance_n wherein_o they_o be_v all_o join_v as_o another_o and_o therefore_o different_a man_n leave_v out_o or_o put_v in_o several_a simple_a idea_n which_o other_o do_v not_o according_a to_o their_o various_a examination_n skill_n or_o observation_n of_o that_o subject_n have_v different_a essence_n of_o gold_n which_o must_v therefore_o be_v of_o their_o own_o and_o not_o of_o nature_n make_v §_o 31._o if_o the_o number_n of_o simple_a idea_n that_o make_v the_o nominal_a essence_n of_o the_o low_a species_n or_o first_o sort_v of_o individual_n depend_v on_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n various_o collect_v they_o it_o be_v much_o more_o evident_a that_o they_o do_v so_o in_o the_o more_o comprehensive_a class_n which_o by_o the_o master_n of_o logic_n be_v call_v genera_n which_o be_v complex_fw-la idea_n design_o imperfect_a out_o of_o which_o be_v purposely_o leave_v out_o several_a of_o those_o quality_n that_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o thing_n themselves_o for_o as_o the_o mind_n to_o make_v general_a idea_n comprehend_v several_a particular_n leave_v out_o those_o of_o time_n and_o place_n and_o such_o other_o that_o make_v they_o incommunicable_a to_o more_o than_o one_o individual_a so_o to_o make_v other_o yet_o more_o general_a idea_n that_o may_v comprehend_v different_a sort_n it_o leave_v out_o those_o quality_n that_o distinguish_v they_o and_o put_v into_o its_o new_a collection_n only_o such_o idea_n as_o be_v common_a to_o several_a sort_n the_o same_o convenience_n that_o make_v man_n express_v several_a parcel_n of_o yellow_a matter_n come_v from_o guiny_n and_o peru_n under_o one_o name_n set_v they_o also_o upon_o make_v of_o one_o name_n that_o may_v comprehend_v both_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o some_o other_o body_n of_o different_a sort_n which_o it_o do_v by_o the_o same_o way_n of_o leave_v out_o those_o quality_n which_o be_v peculiar_a to_o each_o sort_n and_o retain_v a_o complex_fw-la idea_n make_v up_o of_o those_o that_o be_v common_a to_o each_o species_n to_o which_o the_o name_n metal_n be_v annex_v there_o be_v a_o genus_fw-la constitute_v the_o essence_n whereof_o be_v that_o abstract_n idea_n contain_v only_a malleableness_n and_o fusibility_n with_o certain_a degree_n of_o weight_n and_o fixedness_n wherein_o body_n of_o several_a kind_n agree_v leave_v out_o the_o colour_n and_o other_o quality_n peculiar_a to_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o the_o other_o sort_v comprehend_v under_o the_o name_n metal_n whereby_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o man_n follow_v not_o exact_o the_o pattern_n set_v they_o by_o nature_n when_o they_o make_v their_o general_a idea_n of_o substance_n since_o there_o be_v no_o body_n to_o be_v find_v which_o have_v bare_o malleableness_n and_o fusibility_n in_o it_o without_o other_o quality_n as_o inseparable_a as_o those_o but_o man_n in_o make_v their_o general_a idea_n seek_v more_o the_o convenience_n of_o language_n and_o quick_a
or_o transgress_v we_o may_v be_v less_o anxious_a about_o the_o sense_n of_o other_o author_n who_o write_v but_o their_o own_o opinion_n we_o be_v under_o no_o great_a necessity_n to_o know_v they_o than_o they_o to_o know_v we_o our_o good_a or_o evil_n depend_v not_o on_o their_o decree_n we_o may_v safe_o be_v ignorant_a of_o their_o notion_n and_o therefore_o in_o the_o read_n of_o they_o if_o they_o do_v not_o use_v their_o word_n with_o a_o due_a clearness_n and_o perspicuity_n we_o may_v lay_v they_o aside_o and_o without_o any_o injury_n do_v they_o resolve_v thus_o with_o ourselves_o si_fw-la non_fw-la vis_fw-la intelligi_fw-la debes_fw-la negligi_fw-la §_o 11._o if_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o name_n of_o mix_a modes_n be_v uncertain_a because_o there_o be_v no_o real_a standard_n exist_v in_o nature_n to_o which_o those_o idea_n be_v refer_v and_o by_o which_o they_o may_v be_v adjust_v the_o name_n of_o substance_n be_v of_o a_o doubtful_a signification_n for_o a_o contrary_a reason_n viz._n because_o the_o idea_n they_o stand_v for_o be_v suppose_v conformable_a to_o the_o reality_n of_o thing_n and_o be_v refer_v to_o standard_n make_v by_o nature_n in_o our_o idea_n of_o substance_n we_o have_v not_o the_o liberty_n as_o in_o mix_a modes_n to_o frame_v what_o combination_n we_o think_v fit_a to_o be_v the_o characteristical_a note_n to_o rank_n and_o denominate_v thing_n by_o in_o these_o we_o must_v follow_v nature_n suit_n our_o complex_fw-la idea_n to_o real_a existence_n and_o regulate_v the_o signification_n of_o their_o name_n by_o the_o thing_n themselves_o if_o we_o will_v have_v our_o name_n to_o be_v the_o sign_n of_o they_o and_o stand_v for_o they_o here_o it_o be_v true_a we_o have_v pattern_n to_o follow_v but_o pattern_n that_o will_v make_v the_o signification_n of_o their_o name_n very_o uncertain_a for_o name_n must_v be_v of_o a_o very_a unsteady_a and_o various_a meaning_n if_o the_o idea_n they_o stand_v for_o be_v refer_v to_o standard_n without_o we_o that_o either_o can_v be_v know_v at_o all_o or_o can_v be_v know_v but_o imperfect_o and_o uncertain_o §_o 12._o the_o name_n of_o substance_n have_v as_o have_v be_v show_v a_o double_a reference_n in_o their_o ordinary_a use_n first_o sometime_o they_o be_v make_v to_o stand_v for_o and_o so_o their_o signification_n be_v suppose_v to_o agree_v to_o the_o real_a constitution_n of_o thing_n from_o which_o all_o their_o property_n flow_v and_o in_o which_o they_o all_o centre_n but_o this_o real_a constitution_n or_o as_o it_o be_v apt_a to_o be_v call_v essence_n be_v utter_o unknown_a to_o we_o any_o sound_n that_o be_v put_v to_o stand_v for_o it_o must_v be_v very_o uncertain_a in_o its_o application_n and_o it_o will_v be_v impossible_a to_o know_v what_o thing_n be_v or_o aught_o to_o be_v call_v a_o horse_n or_o antimony_n when_o those_o word_n be_v put_v for_o real_a essence_n that_o we_o have_v no_o idea_n of_o at_o all_o and_o therefore_o in_o this_o supposition_n the_o name_n of_o substance_n be_v refer_v to_o standard_n that_o can_v be_v know_v their_o signification_n can_v never_o be_v adjust_v and_o establish_v by_o those_o standard_n §_o 13._o second_o the_o simple_a idea_n that_o be_v find_v to_o co-exist_a in_o substance_n be_v that_o which_o their_o name_n immediate_o signify_v these_o as_o unite_z in_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o thing_n be_v the_o proper_a standard_n to_o which_o their_o name_n be_v refer_v and_o by_o which_o their_o signification_n may_v best_o be_v rectify_v but_o neither_o will_v these_o archetype_n so_o well_o serve_v to_o this_o purpose_n as_o to_o leave_v these_o name_n without_o very_o various_a and_o uncertain_a signification_n because_o these_o simple_a idea_n that_o co-exist_a and_o be_v unite_v in_o the_o same_o subject_a be_v very_o numerous_a and_o have_v all_o a_o equal_a right_a to_o go_v into_o the_o complex_fw-la specific_a idea_n which_o the_o specific_a name_n be_v to_o stand_v for_o man_n though_o they_o purpose_v to_o themselves_o the_o very_a same_o subject_a to_o consider_v yet_o frame_v very_o different_a idea_n about_o it_o and_o so_o the_o name_n they_o use_v for_o it_o unavoidable_o come_v to_o have_v in_o several_a man_n very_o different_a signification_n the_o simple_a quality_n which_o make_v up_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n be_v most_o of_o they_o power_n in_o relation_n to_o change_n they_o be_v apt_a to_o make_v in_o or_o receive_v from_o other_o body_n be_v almost_o infinite_a he_o that_o shall_v but_o observe_v what_o a_o great_a variety_n of_o alteration_n any_o one_o of_o the_o base_a metal_n be_v apt_a to_o receive_v from_o the_o different_a application_n only_o of_o fire_n and_o how_o much_o a_o great_a number_n of_o change_n any_o of_o they_o will_v receive_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o chemist_n by_o the_o application_n of_o other_o body_n will_v not_o think_v it_o strange_a that_o i_o count_v the_o property_n of_o any_o sort_n of_o body_n not_o easy_a to_o be_v collect_v and_o complete_o know_v by_o the_o way_n of_o enquiry_n which_o our_o faculty_n be_v capable_a of_o they_o be_v therefore_o at_o least_o so_o many_o that_o no_o man_n can_v know_v the_o precise_a and_o definite_a number_n they_o be_v different_o discover_v by_o different_a man_n according_a to_o their_o various_a skill_n attention_n and_o way_n of_o handle_v who_o therefore_o can_v choose_v but_o have_v different_a idea_n of_o the_o same_o substance_n and_o therefore_o make_v the_o signification_n of_o its_o common_a name_n very_o various_a and_o uncertain_a for_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o substance_n be_v make_v up_o of_o such_o simple_a one_o as_o be_v suppose_v to_o co-exist_a in_o nature_n every_o one_o have_v a_o right_a to_o put_v into_o his_o complex_fw-la idea_n those_o quality_n he_o have_v find_v to_o be_v unite_v together_o for_o though_o in_o the_o substance_n gold_n one_o satisfy_v himself_o with_o colour_n and_o weight_n yet_o another_o think_v solubility_n in_o aq._n regia_n as_o necessary_a to_o be_v join_v with_o that_o colour_n in_o his_o idea_n of_o gold_n as_o any_o one_o do_v its_o fusibility_n solubility_n in_o aq_n regius_fw-la be_v a_o quality_n as_o constant_o join_v with_o its_o colour_n and_o weight_n as_o fusibility_n or_o any_o other_o other_o put_v in_o its_o ductility_n or_o fixedness_n etc._n etc._n as_o they_o have_v be_v teach_v by_o tradition_n or_o experience_n who_o of_o all_o these_o have_v establish_v the_o right_a signification_n of_o the_o word_n gold_n or_o who_o shall_v be_v the_o judge_n to_o determine_v each_o have_v his_o standard_n in_o nature_n which_o he_o appeal_v to_o and_o with_o reason_n think_v he_o have_v the_o same_o right_a to_o put_v into_o his_o complex_fw-la idea_n signify_v by_o the_o word_n gold_n those_o quality_n which_o upon_o trial_n he_o have_v find_v unite_v as_o another_o who_o have_v not_o so_o well_o examine_v have_v to_o leave_v they_o out_o or_o a_o three_o who_o have_v make_v other_o trial_n have_v to_o put_v in_o other_o for_o the_o union_n in_o nature_n of_o these_o quality_n be_v the_o true_a ground_n of_o their_o union_n in_o one_o complex_fw-la idea_n who_o can_v say_v one_o of_o they_o have_v more_o reason_n to_o be_v put_v in_o or_o leave_v out_o than_o another_o from_o whence_o it_o will_v always_o unavoidable_o follow_v that_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o substance_n in_o man_n use_v the_o same_o name_n for_o they_o will_v be_v very_o various_a and_o so_o the_o signification_n of_o those_o name_n very_o uncertain_a §_o 14._o beside_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o particular_a thing_n exist_v which_o in_o some_o of_o its_o simple_a idea_n do_v not_o communicate_v with_o a_o great_a and_o in_o other_o with_o a_o less_o number_n of_o particular_a being_n who_o shall_v determine_v in_o this_o case_n which_o be_v those_o that_o be_v to_o make_v up_o the_o precise_a collection_n which_o be_v to_o be_v signify_v by_o the_o specific_a name_n or_o can_v with_o any_o just_a authority_n prescribe_v which_o obvious_a or_o common_a quality_n be_v to_o be_v leave_v out_o or_o which_o more_o secret_a or_o more_o particular_a be_v to_o be_v put_v into_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o name_n of_o any_o substance_n all_o which_o together_o seldom_o or_o never_o fail_v to_o produce_v that_o various_a and_o doubtful_a signification_n in_o the_o name_n of_o substance_n which_o cause_v such_o uncertainty_n dispute_n or_o mistake_v when_o we_o come_v to_o a_o philosophical_a use_n of_o they_o §_o 15._o it_o be_v true_a as_o to_o civil_a and_o common_a conversation_n the_o general_a name_n of_o substance_n regulate_v in_o their_o ordinary_a signification_n by_o some_o obvious_a quality_n as_o by_o the_o shape_n and_o figure_n in_o thing_n of_o know_a seminal_a propagation_n and_o in_o other_o substance_n for_o the_o most_o
the_o term_n they_o be_v make_v in_o be_v define_v and_o reduce_v in_o their_o signification_n as_o they_o must_v be_v where_o they_o signify_v any_o thing_n to_o the_o simple_a idea_n they_o stand_v for_o those_o dispute_n will_v not_o end_v of_o themselves_o and_o immediate_o vanish_v i_o leave_v it_o then_o to_o be_v consider_v what_o the_o learning_n of_o disputation_n be_v and_o how_o well_o they_o be_v employ_v for_o the_o advantage_n of_o themselves_o or_o other_o who_o business_n be_v only_o the_o vain_a ostentation_n of_o sound_n i_o e._n those_o who_o spend_v their_o life_n in_o dispute_n and_o controversy_n when_o i_o shall_v see_v any_o of_o those_o combatant_n strip_v all_o his_o term_n of_o ambiguity_n and_o obscurity_n which_o every_o one_o may_v do_v in_o the_o word_n he_o use_v himself_o as_o far_o as_o he_o have_v clear_a and_o distinct_a notion_n to_o which_o he_o apply_v they_o i_o shall_v think_v he_o a_o champion_n for_o knowledge_n truth_n and_o peace_n and_o not_o the_o slave_n of_o vainglory_n ambition_n or_o a_o party_n §_o 8._o to_o remedy_v the_o defect_n of_o speech_n beforementioned_a to_o some_o degree_n and_o to_o prevent_v the_o inconvenience_n that_o follow_v from_o they_o i_o imagine_v the_o observation_n of_o these_o follow_a rule_n may_v be_v of_o use_n till_o some_o body_n better_o able_a shall_v judge_v it_o worth_a his_o while_n to_o think_v more_o mature_o on_o this_o matter_n and_o oblige_v the_o world_n with_o his_o thought_n on_o it_o first_o a_o man_n shall_v take_v care_n to_o use_v no_o word_n without_o a_o signification_n no_o name_n without_o a_o idea_n for_o which_o he_o make_v it_o stand_v this_o rule_n will_v not_o seem_v altogether_o needless_a to_o any_o one_o who_o shall_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o recollect_v how_o often_o he_o have_v meet_v with_o such_o word_n as_o instinct_n sympathy_n and_o antipathy_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o discourse_n of_o other_o so_o make_v use_v of_o as_o he_o may_v easy_o conclude_v that_o those_o that_o use_v they_o have_v no_o idea_n in_o their_o mind_n to_o which_o they_o apply_v they_o but_o speak_v they_o only_o as_o sound_n which_o usual_o serve_v instead_o of_o reason_n on_o the_o like_a occasion_n not_o but_o that_o these_o word_n and_o the_o like_a have_v and_o may_v be_v use_v in_o very_o proper_a significationsâ—_n but_o there_o be_v no_o natural_a connexion_n between_o any_o word_n and_o any_o idea_n these_o and_o any_o other_o may_v be_v learn_v by_o rote_n and_o pronounce_v or_o write_v by_o man_n who_o have_v no_o idea_n in_o their_o mind_n to_o which_o they_o have_v annex_v they_o and_o for_o which_o they_o make_v they_o stand_v which_o be_v necessary_a they_o shall_v if_o man_n shall_v speak_v intelligible_o even_o to_o themselves_o alone_o §_o 9_o second_o it_o be_v not_o enough_o a_o man_n use_v his_o word_n as_o sign_n of_o some_o idea_n those_o idea_n he_o annex_v they_o to_o must_v be_v clear_a and_o distinct_a which_o in_o complex_fw-la idea_n be_v the_o know_v the_o particular_a one_o that_o make_v that_o composition_n of_o which_o if_o any_o one_o be_v again_o complex_fw-la it_o be_v the_o know_a also_o the_o precise_a collection_n that_o be_v unite_v in_o each_o and_o so_o till_o we_o come_v to_o simple_a one_o this_o be_v very_o necessary_a in_o name_n of_o modes_n and_o especial_o moral_a word_n which_o have_v no_o settle_v object_n in_o nature_n from_o whence_o their_o idea_n be_v take_v as_o from_o their_o original_n be_v apt_a to_o be_v very_o confuse_v justice_n be_v a_o word_n in_o every_o man_n mouth_n but_o most_o common_o with_o a_o very_a undetermined_a loose_a signification_n which_o will_v always_o be_v so_o unless_o a_o man_n have_v in_o his_o mind_n a_o distinct_a comprehension_n of_o the_o component_a part_n that_o complex_fw-la idea_n consist_v of_o and_o if_o it_o be_v decompound_v must_v be_v able_a to_o resolve_v it_o still_o on_o till_o he_o at_o last_o come_v to_o the_o simple_a idea_n that_o make_v it_o up_o and_o unless_o this_o be_v do_v a_o man_n make_v a_o ill_a use_n of_o the_o word_n let_v it_o be_v justice_n for_o example_n or_o any_o other_o i_o do_v not_o say_v a_o man_n needs_o stand_v to_o recollect_v and_o make_v this_o analysis_n at_o large_a every_o time_n the_o word_n justice_n come_v in_o his_o way_n but_o this_o at_o least_o be_v necessary_a that_o he_o have_v so_o examine_v the_o signification_n of_o that_o name_n and_o settle_v the_o idea_n of_o all_o its_o part_n in_o his_o mind_n that_o he_o can_v do_v it_o when_o he_o please_v if_o one_o who_o make_v his_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o justice_n to_o be_v such_o a_o treatment_n of_o the_o person_n or_o good_n of_o another_o as_o be_v according_a to_o law_n have_v not_o a_o clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n what_o law_n be_v which_o make_v a_o part_n of_o his_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o justice_n it_o be_v plain_a his_o idea_n of_o justice_n itself_o will_v be_v confuse_v and_o imperfect_a this_o exactness_n will_v perhaps_o be_v judge_v very_o troublesome_a and_o therefore_o most_o man_n will_v think_v they_o may_v be_v excuse_v from_o settle_v the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o mix_a modes_n so_o precise_o in_o their_o mind_n but_o yet_o i_o must_v say_v till_o this_o be_v do_v it_o must_v not_o be_v wonder_v they_o have_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o obscurity_n and_o confusion_n in_o their_o own_o mind_n and_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o wrangle_v in_o their_o discourse_n with_o other_o §_o 10._o in_o substance_n something_o more_o be_v require_v than_o the_o distinct_a idea_n their_o name_n stand_v for_o they_o must_v also_o be_v conformable_a to_o thing_n as_o they_o exist_v but_o of_o this_o i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v more_o at_o large_a by_o and_o by_o this_o exactness_n be_v absolute_o necessary_a in_o inquiry_n after_o philosophical_a knowledge_n and_o controversy_n about_o truth_n and_o though_o it_o will_v be_v well_o too_o if_o it_o extend_v itself_o to_o common_a conversation_n and_o the_o ordinary_a affair_n of_o life_n yet_o i_o think_v that_o be_v scarce_o to_o be_v expect_v vulgar_a notion_n suit_v vulgar_a discourse_n and_o both_o though_o confuse_a enough_o yet_o serve_v pretty_a well_o the_o market_n and_o the_o wake_n merchant_n and_o lover_n cook_n and_o tailor_n have_v word_n wherewithal_o to_o dispatch_v their_o ordinary_a affair_n and_o so_o i_o think_v may_v philosopher_n and_o disputant_n too_o if_o they_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o understand_v and_o to_o be_v clear_o understand_v §_o 11._o three_o it_o be_v not_o enough_o that_o man_n have_v idea_n clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n for_o which_o they_o make_v these_o sign_n stand_v but_o they_o must_v also_o take_v care_n to_o apply_v their_o word_n as_o near_o as_o may_v be_v to_o such_o idea_n as_o common_a use_n have_v annex_v they_o to_o for_o word_n especial_o of_o language_n already_o frame_v be_v no_o man_n be_v private_a possession_n but_o the_o common_a measure_n of_o commerce_n and_o communication_n it_o be_v not_o for_o any_o one_o at_o pleasure_n to_o change_v the_o stamp_n they_o be_v current_n in_o nor_o alter_v the_o idea_n they_o be_v affix_v to_o or_o at_o least_o when_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n to_o do_v so_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o give_v notice_n of_o it_o man_n intention_n in_o speak_v be_v or_o at_o least_o shall_v be_v to_o be_v understand_v which_o can_v be_v without_o the_o frequent_a explanation_n demand_n and_o other_o the_o like_o incommodious_a interruption_n where_o man_n do_v not_o follow_v common_a use._n propriety_n of_o speech_n be_v that_o which_o give_v our_o thought_n entrance_n into_o other_o man_n mind_n with_o the_o great_a ease_n and_o advantage_n and_o therefore_o deserve_v some_o part_n of_o our_o care_n and_o study_n especial_o in_o the_o name_n of_o moral_a word_n who_o proper_a use_n be_v to_o be_v learn_v from_o those_o who_o in_o their_o write_n and_o discourse_n appear_v to_o have_v have_v the_o clear_a notion_n and_o apply_v to_o they_o their_o term_n with_o the_o best_a choice_n and_o clearness_n this_o way_n of_o use_v a_o man_n word_n according_a to_o the_o propriety_n of_o the_o language_n though_o it_o have_v not_o always_o the_o good_a fortune_n to_o be_v understand_v yet_o most_o common_o leave_v the_o blame_n of_o it_o on_o he_o who_o be_v so_o unskilful_a in_o the_o language_n he_o speak_v as_o not_o to_o understand_v it_o when_o make_v use_v of_o as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v §_o 12._o four_o but_o because_o common_a use_n have_v not_o so_o visible_o annex_v any_o signification_n to_o word_n as_o to_o make_v man_n know_v always_o certain_o what_o they_o precise_o stand_v for_o and_o because_o man_n in_o the_o improvement_n of_o their_o knowledge_n come_v to_o have_v idea_n different_a from_o the_o vulgar_a
it_o may_v be_v go_v over_o more_o than_o once_o without_o any_o danger_n of_o the_o least_o change_n in_o the_o idea_n this_o can_v be_v thus_o do_v in_o moral_a idea_n we_o have_v no_o sensible_a mark_n that_o resemble_v they_o whereby_o we_o can_v set_v they_o down_o we_o have_v nothing_o but_o word_n to_o express_v they_o by_o which_o though_o when_o write_v they_o remain_v the_o same_o yet_o the_o idea_n they_o stand_v for_o may_v change_v in_o the_o same_o man_n and_o it_o be_v very_o seldom_o that_o they_o be_v not_o different_a in_o different_a person_n second_o another_o thing_n that_o make_v the_o great_a difficulty_n in_o ethic_n be_v that_o moral_a idea_n be_v common_o more_o complex_fw-la than_o those_o of_o the_o figure_n ordinary_o consider_v in_o mathematics_n from_o whence_o these_o two_o inconvenience_n follow_v first_o that_o their_o name_n be_v of_o more_o uncertain_a signification_n the_o precise_a collection_n of_o simple_a idea_n they_o stand_v for_o not_o be_v so_o easy_o agree_v on_o and_o so_o the_o sign_n that_o be_v use_v for_o they_o in_o communication_n always_o and_o in_o think_v often_o do_v not_o always_o carry_v with_o it_o the_o same_o idea_n upon_o which_o the_o same_o disorder_n confusion_n and_o error_n follow_v as_o will_v if_o a_o man_n go_v to_o demonstrate_v something_o of_o a_o heptagon_n shall_v in_o the_o diagram_n he_o take_v to_o do_v it_o leave_v out_o one_o of_o the_o angle_n and_o by_o oversight_n make_v the_o figure_n with_o one_o angle_n less_o than_o the_o name_n ordinary_o import_v or_o he_o intend_v it_o shall_v when_o at_o first_o he_o think_v of_o his_o demonstration_n this_o often_o happen_v and_o be_v hardly_o avoidable_o in_o very_a complex_fw-la moral_a idea_n where_o the_o same_o name_n be_v retain_v one_o angle_n i._n e._n one_o simple_a idea_n be_v leave_v out_o or_o put_v in_o in_o the_o complex_fw-la one_o still_o call_v by_o the_o same_o name_n more_o at_o one_o time_n than_o another_o second_o from_o the_o complexedness_n of_o these_o moral_a idea_n there_o follow_v another_o inconvenience_n viz._n that_o the_o mind_n can_v easy_o retain_v those_o precise_a combination_n so_o exact_o and_o perfect_o as_o be_v necessary_a in_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o habitude_n and_o correspondency_n agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o several_a of_o they_o one_o with_o another_o especial_o where_o it_o be_v to_o be_v judge_v of_o by_o long_a deduction_n and_o the_o intervention_n of_o several_a other_o complex_fw-la idea_n to_o show_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o two_o remote_a one_o the_o great_a help_n against_o this_o which_o mathematician_n find_v in_o diagram_n and_o figure_n which_o remain_v unalterable_a in_o their_o draught_n be_v very_o apparent_a and_o the_o memory_n will_v often_o have_v great_a difficulty_n otherwise_o to_o retain_v they_o so_o exact_o whilst_o the_o mind_n go_v over_o the_o part_n of_o they_o step_z by_z step_z to_o examine_v their_o several_a correspondency_n and_o though_o in_o cast_v up_o a_o long_a sum_n either_o in_o addition_n multiplication_n or_o division_n every_o part_n be_v only_o a_o progression_n of_o the_o mind_n take_v a_o view_n of_o its_o own_o idea_n and_o consider_v their_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n and_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o question_n be_v nothing_o but_o the_o result_n of_o the_o whole_a make_v up_o of_o such_o paticular_o whereof_o the_o mind_n have_v a_o clear_a perception_n yet_o without_o set_v down_o the_o several_a part_n by_o mark_n who_o precise_a signification_n be_v know_v and_o by_o mark_n that_o last_o and_o remain_v in_o view_n when_o the_o memory_n have_v let_v they_o go_v it_o will_v be_v almost_o impossible_a to_o carry_v so_o many_o different_a idea_n in_o mind_n without_o confound_v or_o let_v slip_n some_o part_n of_o the_o reckon_a and_o thereby_o make_v all_o our_o reason_n about_o it_o useless_a in_o which_o case_n the_o cipher_n or_o mark_n help_v not_o the_o mind_n at_o all_o to_o perceive_v the_o agreement_n of_o any_o two_o or_o more_o number_n their_o equality_n or_o proportion_n that_o the_o mind_n have_v only_o by_o intuition_n of_o its_o own_o idea_n of_o the_o number_n themselves_o but_o the_o numerical_a character_n be_v help_n to_o the_o memory_n to_o record_v and_o retain_v the_o several_a idea_n about_o which_o the_o demonstration_n be_v make_v whereby_o a_o man_n may_v know_v how_o far_o his_o intuitive_a knowledge_n in_o survey_v several_a of_o the_o particular_n have_v proceed_v that_o so_o he_o may_v without_o confusion_n go_v on_o to_o what_o be_v yet_o unknown_a and_o at_o last_o have_v in_o one_o view_n before_o he_o the_o result_n of_o all_o his_o perception_n and_o reason_n §_o 20_o one_o part_n of_o these_o disadvantage_n in_o moral_a idea_n which_o have_v make_v they_o be_v think_v not_o capable_a of_o demonstration_n may_v in_o a_o good_a measure_n be_v remedy_v by_o definition_n set_v down_o that_o collection_n of_o simple_a idea_n which_o every_o term_n shall_v stand_v for_o and_o then_o use_v the_o term_n stedy_o and_o constant_o for_o that_o precise_a collection_n and_o what_o method_n algebra_n or_o something_o of_o that_o kind_n may_v hereafter_o suggest_v to_o remove_v the_o other_o difficulty_n be_v not_o easy_a to_o foretell_v confident_a i_o be_o that_o if_o man_n will_v in_o the_o same_o method_n and_o with_o the_o same_o indifferency_n search_v after_o moral_a as_o they_o do_v mathematical_a truth_n they_o will_v find_v they_o to_o have_v a_o strong_a connexion_n one_o with_o another_o and_o a_o more_o necessary_a consequence_n from_o our_o clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n and_o to_o come_v near_a perfect_a demonstration_n than_o be_v common_o imagine_v but_o much_o of_o this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v expect_v whilst_o the_o desire_n of_o esteem_n riches_n or_o power_n make_v man_n espouse_v the_o well_o endow_v opinion_n in_o fashion_n and_o then_o seek_v argument_n either_o to_o make_v good_a their_o beauty_n or_o varnish_v over_o and_o cover_v their_o deformity_n nothing_o be_v so_o beautiful_a to_o the_o eye_n as_o truth_n be_v to_o the_o mind_n nothing_o so_o deform_v and_o irreconcilable_a to_o the_o understanding_n as_o a_o lye_n for_o though_o many_o a_o man_n can_v with_o satisfaction_n enough_o own_o he_o no_o very_o handsome_a wife_n in_o his_o bosom_n yet_o who_o be_v bold_a enough_o open_o to_o avow_v that_o he_o have_v espouse_v a_o falsehood_n and_o receive_v into_o his_o breast_n so_o ugly_a a_o thing_n as_o a_o lie_n whilst_o the_o party_n of_o man_n i_o say_v cram_v their_o tenant_n down_o all_o man_n throat_n who_o they_o can_v get_v into_o their_o power_n without_o permit_v they_o to_o examine_v their_o truth_n or_o falsehood_n and_o will_v not_o let_v truth_n have_v fair_a play_n in_o the_o world_n nor_o man_n the_o liberty_n to_o search_v after_o it_o what_o improvement_n can_v be_v expect_v of_o this_o kind_n what_o great_a light_n can_v be_v hope_v for_o in_o the_o moral_a science_n the_o subject_a part_n of_o mankind_n in_o most_o place_n might_n instead_o thereof_o with_o egyptian_a bondage_n expect_v egyptian_a darkness_n be_v not_o the_o candle_n of_o the_o lord_n set_v up_o by_o himself_o in_o man_n mind_n which_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o breath_n or_o power_n of_o man_n whole_o to_o extinguish_v §_o 21._o as_o to_o the_o four_o sort_n of_o our_o knowledge_n viz._n of_o the_o real_a actual_a existence_n of_o thing_n without_o we_o we_o have_v a_o intuitive_a knowledge_n of_o our_o own_o existence_n a_o demonstrative_a knowledge_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o a_o god_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o any_o thing_n else_o we_o have_v no_o other_o but_o a_o sensitive_a knowledge_n which_o extend_v not_o beyond_o the_o object_n present_v to_o our_o sense_n §_o 22._o our_o knowledge_n be_v so_o narrow_a as_o i_o have_v show_v it_o will_v perhaps_o give_v we_o some_o light_n into_o the_o present_a state_n of_o our_o mind_n if_o we_o look_v a_o little_a into_o the_o dark_a side_n and_o take_v a_o view_n of_o our_o ignorance_n which_o be_v infinite_o large_a than_o our_o knowledge_n may_v serve_v much_o to_o the_o quiet_v of_o dispute_n and_o improvement_n of_o useful_a knowledge_n if_o discover_v how_o far_o we_o have_v clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n we_o confine_v our_o thought_n within_o the_o contemplation_n of_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v within_o the_o reach_n of_o our_o understanding_n and_o launch_v not_o out_o into_o that_o abyss_n of_o darkness_n where_o we_o have_v not_o eye_n to_o see_v nor_o faculty_n to_o perceive_v any_o thing_n out_o of_o a_o presumption_n that_o nothing_o be_v beyond_o our_o comprehension_n but_o to_o be_v satisfy_v of_o the_o folly_n of_o such_o a_o conceit_n we_o need_v not_o go_v far_o he_o that_o know_v any_o thing_n know_v this_o in_o the_o first_o place_n that_o he_o need_v
current_a stream_n of_o antiquity_n or_o to_o put_v it_o in_o the_o balance_n against_o that_o of_o some_o learned_a doctor_n or_o otherwise_o approve_a writer_n whoever_o back_v his_o tenet_n with_o such_o authority_n think_v he_o ought_v thereby_o to_o carry_v the_o cause_n and_o be_v ready_a to_o style_v it_o impudence_n in_o any_o one_o who_o shall_v stand_v out_o against_o they_o this_o i_o think_v may_v be_v call_v argumentum_fw-la ad_fw-la verecundiam_fw-la second_o §_o 20._o another_o way_n that_o man_n ordinary_o use_v to_o drive_v other_o and_o force_v they_o to_o submit_v their_o judgement_n and_o receive_v the_o opinion_n in_o debate_n be_v to_o require_v the_o adversary_n to_o admit_v what_o they_o allege_v as_o a_o proof_n or_o to_o assign_v a_o better_a and_o this_o i_o call_v argumentum_fw-la ad_fw-la ignorantiam_fw-la §_o 21._o three_o a_o three_o way_n be_v to_o press_v a_o man_n with_o consequence_n draw_v from_o his_o own_o principle_n or_o concession_n this_o be_v already_o know_v under_o the_o name_n of_o argumentum_fw-la ad_fw-la hominem_fw-la §_o 22._o four_o the_o four_o be_v the_o use_n of_o proof_n draw_v from_o any_o of_o the_o foundation_n of_o knowledge_n or_o probability_n this_o i_o call_v argumentum_fw-la ad_fw-la judicium_fw-la this_o alone_a of_o all_o the_o four_o bring_v true_a instruction_n with_o it_o and_o advance_v we_o in_o our_o way_n to_o knowledge_n for_o 1._o it_o argue_v not_o another_o man_n opinion_n to_o be_v right_a because_o i_o out_o of_o respect_n or_o any_o other_o consideration_n but_o that_o of_o conviction_n will_v not_o contradict_v he_o 2._o it_o prove_v not_o another_o man_n to_o be_v in_o the_o right_a way_n nor_o that_o i_o ought_v to_o take_v the_o same_o with_o he_o because_o i_o know_v not_o a_o better_a 3._o nor_o do_v it_o follow_v that_o another_o man_n be_v in_o the_o right_a way_n because_o he_o have_v show_v i_o that_o i_o be_o in_o the_o wrong_n i_o may_v be_v modest_a and_o therefore_o not_o oppose_v another_o man_n persuasion_n i_o may_v be_v ignorant_a and_o not_o be_v able_a to_o produce_v a_o better_a i_o may_v be_v in_o a_o error_n and_o another_o may_v show_v i_o that_o i_o be_o so_o this_o may_v dispose_v i_o perhaps_o for_o the_o reception_n of_o truth_n but_o help_v i_o not_o to_o it_o that_o must_v come_v from_o proof_n and_o argument_n and_o light_n arise_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n themselves_o and_o not_o from_o my_o shamefacedness_n ignorance_n or_o error_n §_o 23._o by_o what_o have_v be_v before_o say_v of_o reason_n we_o may_v be_v able_a to_o make_v some_o guess_n at_o thâ—_n distinction_n of_o thing_n into_o those_o that_o be_v according_a to_o above_z and_o contrary_a to_o reason_n 1._o according_a to_o reason_n be_v such_o proposition_n who_o truth_n we_o can_v discover_v by_o examine_v and_o trace_v those_o idea_n we_o have_v from_o sensation_n and_o reflection_n and_o by_o natural_a deduction_n find_v to_o be_v true_a or_o probable_a 2._o above_o reason_n be_v such_o proposition_n who_o truth_n or_o probability_n we_o can_v by_o reason_n derive_v from_o those_o principle_n 3._o contrary_n to_o reason_n be_v such_o proposition_n as_o be_v inconsistent_a with_o or_o irreconcilable_a to_o our_o clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n thus_o the_o existence_n of_o one_o god_n be_v according_a to_o reason_n the_o existence_n of_o more_o than_o one_o god_n contrary_a to_o reason_n the_o resurrection_n of_o the_o body_n after_o death_n above_o reason_n above_o reason_n also_o may_v be_v take_v in_o a_o double_a sense_n viz._n above_o probability_n or_o above_o certainty_n and_o in_o that_o large_a sense_n also_o contrary_a to_o reason_n be_v i_o suppose_v sometime_o take_v §_o 24._o there_o be_v another_o use_n of_o the_o word_n reason_n wherein_o it_o be_v oppose_v to_o faith_n which_o though_o it_o be_v in_o itself_o a_o very_a improper_a way_n of_o speak_v yet_o common_a use_n have_v so_o authorize_v it_o that_o it_o will_v be_v folly_n either_o to_o oppose_v or_o hope_v to_o remedy_v it_o only_o i_o think_v it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o take_v notice_n that_o however_o faith_n be_v oppose_v to_o reason_n faith_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o firm_a assent_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o if_o it_o be_v regulate_v as_o be_v our_o duty_n can_v be_v afford_v to_o any_o thing_n but_o upon_o good_a reason_n and_o so_o can_v be_v opposite_a to_o it_o he_o that_o believe_v without_o have_v any_o reason_n for_o believe_v may_v be_v in_o love_n with_o his_o own_o fancy_n but_o neither_o seek_v truth_n as_o he_o ought_v nor_o pay_v the_o obedience_n due_a to_o his_o maker_n who_o will_v have_v he_o use_v those_o discern_a faculty_n he_o have_v give_v he_o to_o keep_v he_o out_o of_o mistake_n and_o error_n he_o that_o do_v not_o this_o to_o the_o best_a of_o his_o power_n however_o he_o sometime_o light_v on_o truth_n be_v in_o the_o right_n but_o by_o chance_n and_o i_o know_v not_o whether_o the_o luckiness_n of_o the_o accident_n will_v excuse_v the_o irregularity_n of_o his_o proceed_n this_o at_o least_o be_v certain_a that_o he_o must_v be_v accountable_a for_o whatever_o mistake_v he_o run_v into_o whereas_o he_o that_o make_v use_v of_o the_o light_n and_o faculty_n god_n have_v give_v he_o and_o seek_v sincere_o to_o discover_v truth_n by_o those_o help_n and_o ability_n he_o have_v may_v have_v this_o satisfaction_n in_o do_v his_o duty_n as_o a_o rational_a creature_n that_o though_o he_o shall_v miss_v truth_n he_o will_v not_o miss_v the_o reward_n of_o it_o for_o he_o govern_v his_o assent_n right_a and_o place_n it_o as_o he_o shall_v who_o in_o any_o case_n or_o matter_n whatsoever_o believe_v or_o disbelieve_v according_a as_o reason_n direct_v he_o he_o that_o do_v otherwise_o transgress_v against_o his_o own_o light_n and_o misuse_v the_o faculty_n which_o be_v give_v he_o to_o no_o other_o end_n but_o to_o search_v and_o follow_v the_o clear_a evidence_n and_o great_a probability_n but_o since_o reason_n and_o faith_n be_v by_o some_o man_n oppose_v we_o will_v so_o consider_v they_o in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n chap._n xviii_o of_o faith_n and_o reason_n and_o their_o distinct_a province_n §_o 1._o it_o have_v be_v above_o show_v 1._o that_o we_o be_v of_o necessity_n ignorant_a and_o want_v knowledge_n of_o all_o sort_n where_o we_o want_v idea_n 2._o that_o we_o be_v ignorant_a and_o want_v rational_a knowledge_n where_o we_o want_v proof_n 3._o that_o we_o want_v general_a knowledge_n and_o certainty_n as_o far_o as_o we_o want_v clear_a and_o determine_v specific_a idea_n 4._o that_o we_o want_v probability_n to_o direct_v our_o assent_n in_o matter_n where_o we_o have_v neither_o knowledge_n of_o our_o own_o nor_o testimony_n of_o other_o man_n to_o bottom_v our_o reason_n upon_o from_o these_o thing_n thus_o premise_v i_o think_v we_o may_v come_v to_o lay_v down_o the_o measure_n and_o boundary_n between_o faith_n and_o reason_n the_o want_n whereof_o may_v possible_o have_v be_v the_o cause_n if_o not_o of_o great_a disorder_n yet_o at_o least_o of_o great_a dispute_n and_o perhaps_o mistake_v in_o the_o world_n for_o till_o it_o be_v resolve_v how_o far_o we_o be_v to_o be_v guide_v by_o reason_n and_o how_o far_o by_o faith_n we_o shall_v in_o vain_a dispute_n and_o endeavour_v to_o convince_v one_o another_o in_o matter_n of_o religion_n §_o 2._o i_o find_v every_o sect_n as_o far_o as_o reason_n will_v help_v they_o make_v use_n of_o it_o glad_o and_o where_o it_o fail_v they_o they_o cry_v out_o it_o be_v matter_n of_o faith_n and_o above_o reason_n and_o i_o do_v not_o see_v how_o they_o can_v ever_o be_v convince_v by_o any_o who_o make_v use_v of_o the_o same_o plea_n without_o set_v down_o strict_a boundary_n between_o faith_n and_o reason_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o first_o point_n establish_v in_o all_o question_n where_o faith_n have_v any_o thing_n to_o do_v reason_n therefore_o here_o as_o contradistinguish_v to_o faith_n i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o discovery_n of_o the_o certainty_n or_o probability_n of_o such_o proposition_n or_o truth_n which_o the_o mind_n arrive_v at_o by_o deduction_n make_v from_o such_o idea_n which_o it_o have_v get_v by_o the_o use_n of_o its_o natural_a faculty_n viz._n by_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n i'faith_o on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v the_o assent_n to_o any_o proposition_n not_o thus_o make_v out_o by_o the_o deduction_n of_o reason_n but_o upon_o the_o credit_n of_o the_o proposer_n as_o come_v immediate_o from_o god_n which_o we_o call_v revelation_n §_o 3._o first_o then_o i_o say_v that_o no_o man_n inspire_v by_o god_n can_v by_o any_o revelation_n communicate_v to_o other_o any_o new_a simple_a idea_n which_o they_o have_v not_o before_o from_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n for_o
whatsoever_o impression_n he_o himself_o may_v have_v from_o the_o immediate_a hand_n of_o god_n this_o revelation_n if_o it_o be_v of_o new_a simple_a idea_n can_v be_v convey_v to_o another_o either_o by_o word_n or_o any_o other_o sign_n because_o word_n by_o their_o immediate_a operation_n on_o we_o cause_v no_o other_o idea_n but_o of_o their_o natural_a sound_n and_o it_o be_v by_o the_o custom_n of_o use_v they_o for_o sign_n that_o they_o excite_v and_o revive_v in_o our_o mind_n latent_fw-la idea_n but_o yet_o only_a such_o idea_n as_o be_v there_o before_o for_o word_n see_v or_o hear_v recall_v to_o our_o thought_n those_o idea_n only_o which_o to_o we_o they_o have_v be_v wont_a to_o be_v sign_n of_o but_o can_v introduce_v any_o perfect_o new_a simple_a idea_n which_o be_v never_o there_o before_o the_o same_o hold_v in_o all_o other_o sign_n which_o can_v signify_v to_o we_o thing_n of_o which_o we_o have_v before_o never_o have_v any_o idea_n at_o all_o thus_o whatever_o thing_n be_v discover_v to_o st._n paul_n when_o he_o be_v rap_v up_o into_o the_o three_o heaven_n whatever_o new_a idea_n his_o mind_n there_o receive_v all_o the_o description_n he_o can_v make_v to_o other_o of_o that_o place_n be_v only_o this_o that_o there_o be_v such_o thing_n as_o eye_n have_v not_o see_v nor_o ear_n hear_v nor_o have_v it_o enter_v into_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n to_o conceive_v and_o suppose_v god_n shall_v discover_v to_o any_o one_o supernatural_o a_o species_n of_o creature_n inhabit_v for_o example_n jupiter_n or_o saturn_n for_o that_o it_o be_v possible_a there_o may_v be_v such_o no_o body_n can_v deny_v which_o have_v six_o sense_n and_o imprint_v on_o his_o mind_n the_o idea_n convey_v to_o they_o by_o that_o six_o sense_n he_o can_v no_o more_o by_o word_n produce_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o other_o man_n those_o idea_n imprint_v by_o that_o six_o sense_n than_o one_o of_o we_o can_v convey_v the_o idea_n of_o any_o colour_n by_o the_o sound_n of_o word_n into_o a_o man_n who_o have_v the_o other_o four_o sense_n perfect_a have_v always_o total_o want_v the_o five_o of_o see_v for_o our_o simple_a idea_n then_o which_o be_v the_o foundation_n and_o sole_a matter_n of_o all_o our_o notion_n and_o knowledge_n we_o must_v depend_v whole_o on_o our_o reason_n i_o mean_v our_o natural_a faculty_n and_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n receive_v they_o or_o any_o of_o they_o from_o traditional_a revelation_n i_o say_v traditional_a revelation_n in_o distinction_n to_o original_a revelation_n by_o the_o one_o i_o mean_v that_o first_o impression_n which_o be_v make_v immediate_o by_o god_n on_o the_o mind_n of_o any_o man_n to_o which_o i_o pretend_v not_o to_o set_v any_o bound_n and_o by_o the_o other_o those_o impression_n deliver_v over_o to_o other_o in_o word_n and_o the_o ordinary_a way_n of_o convey_v our_o conception_n one_o to_o another_o §_o 4._o second_o i_o say_v that_o the_o same_o truth_n may_v be_v discover_v and_o convey_v down_o from_o revelation_n which_o be_v discoverable_a to_o we_o by_o reason_n and_o those_o clear_a idea_n we_o have_v so_o god_n may_v by_o revelation_n discover_v the_o truth_n of_o any_o proposition_n in_o euclid_n as_o well_o as_o man_n by_o the_o natural_a use_n of_o their_o faculty_n come_v to_o make_v the_o discovery_n themselves_o in_o all_o thing_n of_o this_o nature_n there_o be_v little_a need_n or_o use_v of_o revelation_n god_n have_v furnish_v we_o with_o natural_a and_o sure_a mean_n to_o arrive_v at_o the_o knowledge_n of_o they_o for_o whatsoever_o truth_n we_o come_v to_o the_o discovery_n of_o from_o the_o knowledge_n and_o contemplation_n of_o our_o own_o clear_a idea_n will_v always_o be_v certain_a to_o we_o than_o those_o which_o be_v convey_v to_o we_o by_o traditional_a revelation_n for_o the_o knowledge_n we_o have_v that_o this_o revelation_n come_v at_o first_o from_o god_n can_v never_o be_v so_o sure_a as_o the_o knowledge_n we_o have_v from_o our_o own_o clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n as_o if_o it_o be_v reveal_v some_o age_n since_o that_o the_o three_o angle_n of_o a_o triangle_n be_v equal_a to_o two_o right_a one_o i_o may_v assent_v to_o the_o truth_n of_o that_o proposition_n upon_o the_o credit_n of_o the_o tradition_n that_o it_o be_v reveal_v but_o that_o will_v never_o amount_v to_o so_o great_a a_o certainty_n as_o the_o knowledge_n of_o it_o upon_o the_o compare_v and_o measure_v my_o own_o clear_a idea_n of_o two_o right_a angle_n and_o the_o three_o angle_n of_o a_o triangle_n the_o like_a hold_n in_o matter_n of_o fact_n knowable_a by_o our_o sense_n v_o g._n the_o history_n of_o the_o deluge_n be_v convey_v to_o we_o by_o write_n which_o have_v their_o original_a from_o revelation_n and_o yet_o no_o body_n i_o think_v will_v say_v he_o have_v as_o certain_a and_o clear_v a_o knowledge_n of_o the_o flood_n as_o noah_n that_o see_v it_o or_o that_o he_o himself_o will_v have_v have_v have_v he_o then_o be_v alive_a and_o see_v it_o for_o he_o have_v no_o great_a a_o assurance_n than_o that_o of_o his_o sense_n that_o it_o be_v write_v in_o the_o book_n suppose_v write_v by_o moses_n but_o he_o have_v not_o so_o great_a a_o assurance_n that_o moses_n write_v that_o book_n as_o if_o he_o have_v see_v moses_n write_v it_o so_o that_o the_o assurance_n of_o its_o be_v a_o revelation_n be_v less_o still_a than_o the_o assurance_n of_o his_o sense_n §_o 5._o in_o proposition_n then_o who_o certainty_n be_v build_v upon_o clear_a and_o perfect_a idea_n and_o evident_a deduction_n of_o reason_n we_o need_v not_o the_o assistence_n of_o revelation_n as_o necessary_a to_o gain_v our_o assent_n and_o introduce_v they_o into_o our_o mind_n because_o the_o natural_a way_n of_o knowledge_n can_v settle_v they_o there_o or_o have_v do_v it_o already_o which_o be_v the_o great_a assurance_n we_o can_v possible_o have_v of_o any_o thing_n unless_o where_o god_n immediate_o reveal_v it_o to_o we_o and_o there_o too_o our_o assurance_n can_v be_v no_o great_a than_o our_o knowledge_n be_v that_o it_o be_v a_o revelation_n from_o god_n but_o yet_o nothing_o i_o think_v can_v under_o that_o title_n shake_v or_o over-rule_v plain_a knowledge_n nor_o rational_o prevail_v with_o any_o man_n to_o admit_v it_o for_o true_a in_o a_o direct_a contradiction_n to_o the_o clear_a evidence_n of_o his_o own_o understanding_n for_o since_o no_o evidence_n of_o our_o faculty_n by_o which_o we_o receive_v such_o revelation_n can_v exceed_v if_o equal_a the_o certainty_n of_o our_o intuitive_a knowledge_n we_o can_v never_o receive_v for_o a_o truth_n any_o thing_n that_o be_v direct_o contrary_a to_o our_o clear_a and_o distinct_a knowledge_n v_o g._n the_o idea_n of_o one_o body_n and_o one_o place_n do_v so_o clear_o agree_v and_o the_o mind_n have_v so_o evident_a a_o perception_n of_o it_o that_o we_o can_v never_o assent_v to_o a_o proposition_n that_o affirm_v the_o same_o body_n to_o be_v in_o two_o distant_a place_n at_o once_o however_o it_o shall_v pretend_v to_o the_o authority_n of_o a_o divine_a revelation_n since_o the_o evidence_n first_o that_o we_o deceive_v not_o ourselves_o in_o ascribe_v it_o to_o god_n second_o that_o we_o understand_v it_o right_n can_v never_o be_v so_o great_a as_o the_o evidence_n of_o our_o own_o intuitive_a knowledge_n whereby_o we_o discern_v it_o impossible_a for_o the_o same_o body_n to_o be_v in_o two_o place_n at_o once_o and_o therefore_o no_o proposition_n can_v be_v receive_v for_o divine_a revelation_n or_o obtain_v the_o assent_n due_a to_o all_o such_o if_o it_o be_v contradictory_n to_o our_o clear_a intuitive_a knowledge_n since_o this_o will_v be_v to_o subvert_v the_o principle_n and_o foundation_n of_o all_o knowledge_n evidence_n and_o assent_v whatsoever_o and_o leave_v no_o difference_n between_o truth_n and_o falsehood_n no_o measure_n of_o credible_a and_o incredible_a in_o the_o world_n if_o doubtful_a proposition_n shall_v take_v place_n before_o self-evident_a and_o what_o we_o certain_o know_v give_v way_n to_o what_o we_o may_v possible_o be_v mistake_v in_o in_o proposition_n therefore_o contrary_a to_o our_o distinct_a and_o clear_a idea_n it_o will_v be_v in_o vain_a to_o urge_v they_o as_o matter_n of_o faith_n they_o can_v move_v our_o assent_n under_o that_o or_o any_o other_o title_n whatsoever_o for_o faith_n can_v never_o convince_v we_o of_o any_o thing_n that_o contradict_v our_o knowledge_n because_o though_o faith_n be_v found_v on_o the_o testimony_n of_o god_n reveal_v any_o proposition_n to_o we_o who_o can_v lie_v yet_o we_o can_v have_v a_o assurance_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o its_o be_v a_o divine_a revelation_n great_a than_o our_o own_o knowledge_n since_o the_o whole_a strength_n of_o the_o certainty_n depend_v upon_o