the_o object_n of_o worship_n but_o that_o the_o act_n of_o worship_n be_v to_o be_v perform_v to_o the_o image_n themselves_o the_o former_a use_n of_o image_n do_v suppose_v they_o to_o be_v only_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o book_n which_o represent_v thing_n to_o our_o mind_n without_o any_o act_n of_o adoration_n perform_v to_o that_o which_o be_v only_o a_o instrument_n of_o intellection_n although_o the_o thing_n represent_v to_o the_o mind_n be_v a_o proper_a object_n of_o adoration_n as_o if_o by_o read_v a_o book_n a_o idea_n of_o god_n be_v represent_v to_o my_o mind_n who_o i_o ought_v to_o worship_n yet_o no_o man_n can_v imagine_v that_o from_o hence_o i_o shall_v fall_v down_o upon_o my_o knee_n out_o of_o honour_n to_o the_o book_n or_o with_o a_o design_n to_o worship_v it_o when_o a_o man_n read_v his_o prayer_n out_o of_o a_o book_n and_o make_v use_v of_o that_o only_a as_o a_o mean_n or_o instrument_n to_o help_v his_o understanding_n and_o direct_v his_o expression_n no_o man_n can_v have_v any_o colour_n of_o reason_n to_o say_v that_o he_o worship_v the_o book_n which_o he_o use_v for_o a_o quite_o different_a purpose_n it_o be_v the_o same_o case_n as_o to_o image_n when_o they_o be_v use_v for_o no_o other_o end_n but_o bare_o to_o represent_v to_o the_o mind_n a_o object_n of_o worship_n as_o a_o crucifix_n may_v do_v our_o saviour_n than_o it_o be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o external_a note_n or_o character_n and_o have_v the_o same_o use_n that_o word_n have_v but_o those_o who_o go_v no_o far_o than_o thus_o stand_v condemn_v and_o anathematise_v by_o the_o second_o council_n of_o nice_a 555._o for_o that_o not_o only_o determine_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o assurance_n that_o image_n be_v to_o be_v set_v up_o in_o church_n and_o house_n and_o way_n in_o order_n to_o the_o worship_n of_o they_o but_o very_o free_o anathematize_n all_o sort_n of_o dissenter_n either_o in_o judgement_n or_o practice_n 577._o anathema_n be_v to_o all_o those_o who_o do_v not_o salute_v the_o holy_a and_o venerable_a image_n anathema_n to_o all_o heretic_n anathema_n to_o those_o that_o follow_v the_o council_n against_o image_n anathema_n to_o they_o that_o do_v not_o salute_v the_o image_n of_o christ_n and_o his_o saint_n epiphanius_n in_o the_o six_o session_n declare_v this_o to_o be_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o council_n 542._o those_o who_o say_v that_o image_n be_v to_o be_v have_v only_o for_o memory_n and_o not_o for_o worship_n or_o salutation_n be_v half-wicked_n and_o partly_o true_a and_o partly_o false_a they_o be_v so_o far_o right_a as_o they_o be_v for_o image_n but_o they_o be_v in_o the_o wrong_n as_o they_o be_v against_o the_o worship_n of_o they_o o_o the_o folly_n of_o these_o man_n say_v epiphanius_n but_o this_o be_v not_o all_o for_o as_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o have_v image_n for_o help_n to_o memory_n so_o neither_o be_v it_o to_o give_v they_o some_o kind_n of_o honour_n or_o reverence_n nothing_o but_o worship_n will_v satisfy_v they_o so_o the_o patriarch_n tarasius_n say_v in_o plain_a term_n they_o who_o pretend_v to_o honour_v image_n 247._o and_o not_o to_o worship_v they_o be_v guilty_a of_o hypocrisy_n and_o self-contradiction_n for_o worship_n say_v he_o be_v a_o symbol_n and_o signification_n of_o honour_n therefore_o they_o who_o deny_v to_o worship_v they_o do_v dishonour_n they_o this_o be_v the_o patriarchal_a way_n of_o argue_v in_o this_o famous_a council_n and_o this_o he_o prove_v from_o the_o say_n of_o anastasius_n bishop_n of_o theopolis_n let_v no_o man_n be_v offend_v with_o the_o name_n of_o adoration_n or_o worship_n for_o we_o worship_v man_n and_o angel_n but_o do_v not_o serve_v they_o and_o worship_n be_v a_o expression_n of_o honour_n and_o it_o will_v do_v one_o good_a at_o heart_n to_o see_v how_o all_o the_o reverend_a father_n clap_v their_o hand_n for_o joy_n at_o the_o subtle_a criticism_n which_o it_o seem_v that_o bishop_n have_v discover_v viz._n that_o when_o our_o saviour_n say_v thou_o shall_v worship_v the_o lord_n thy_o god_n and_o he_o only_o shall_v thou_o serve_v that_o only_o be_v not_o apply_v to_o worship_n but_o to_o service_n mark_v that_o cry_v the_o council_n only_o belong_v to_o service_n and_o not_o to_o worship_v therefore_o although_o we_o may_v not_o serve_v image_n yet_o we_o may_v worship_v they_o if_o the_o devil_n have_v be_v so_o subtle_a may_v not_o he_o have_v say_v to_o our_o saviour_n mark_v that_o you_o be_v forbid_v only_o to_o serve_v any_o else_o but_o god_n but_o you_o may_v worship_n i_o notwithstanding_o that_o command_n the_o patriarch_n tarasius_n in_o his_o epistle_n to_o constantine_n and_o irene_n express_v this_o worship_n by_o the_o very_a same_o word_n which_o be_v use_v to_o god_n for_o when_o god_n say_v thou_o shall_v worship_v the_o lord_n thy_o god_n 785._o and_o he_o only_o shall_v thou_o serve_v he_o restrain_v service_n to_o himself_o but_o allow_v worship_n to_o other_o thing_n therefore_o say_v he_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d without_o the_o least_o doubt_n or_o dispute_v it_o be_v a_o thing_n acceptable_a and_o well_o please_v to_o god_n for_o we_o to_o worship_n and_o salute_v the_o image_n of_o christ_n and_o the_o b._n virgin_n and_o of_o the_o holy_a angel_n and_o saint_n if_o any_o man_n think_v otherwise_o and_o have_v any_o doubt_n in_o his_o mind_n or_o any_o waver_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d about_o the_o worship_n of_o the_o venerable_a image_n the_o holy_a and_o ecumenical_a synod_n have_v anathematise_v he_o and_o what_o be_v a_o anathema_n but_o a_o separation_n from_o god_n and_o thus_o it_o become_v no_o less_o than_o damnation_n to_o doubt_v of_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n o_o bless_a change_n from_o what_o it_o be_v in_o the_o primitive_a time_n when_o it_o be_v damnation_n to_o worship_v they_o this_o worship_n he_o express_v in_o the_o same_o epistle_n by_o kiss_v by_o bow_v by_o prostration_n all_o which_o he_o show_v from_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n and_o the_o use_n of_o it_o in_o scripture_n and_o in_o the_o definition_n of_o the_o council_n among_o the_o act_n of_o worship_n 555._o be_v reckon_v the_o oblation_n of_o incense_n and_o light_n because_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o image_n pass_v to_o the_o thing_n represent_v by_o it_o so_o that_o all_o external_a act_n of_o adoration_n be_v by_o the_o definition_n of_o this_o council_n to_o be_v perform_v to_o image_n and_o the_o same_o have_v be_v practise_v by_o the_o approbation_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n wherein_o this_o council_n of_o nice_a be_v receive_v as_o a_o general_n council_n and_o appeal_v to_o by_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n 25._o suppose_v the_o decree_n of_o that_o council_n to_o be_v still_o in_o force_n in_o the_o constitution_n of_o thomas_n arundel_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n make_v in_o the_o convocation_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n begin_v at_o s._n paul_n 14_o jan._n a._n d._n 1408._o we_o have_v a_o particular_a enumeration_n of_o the_o several_a act_n of_o worship_n which_o be_v require_v to_o be_v perform_v to_o image_n and_o the_o place_n and_o relic_n of_o the_o saint_n viz._n procession_n 653.666_o genuflection_n bow_v of_o the_o body_n thurification_n deosculation_n oblation_n burn_n of_o light_n and_o pilgrimage_n and_o all_o other_o form_n and_o mode_n of_o worship_n which_o have_v be_v practise_v in_o the_o time_n of_o our_o predecessor_n or_o in_o our_o own_o and_o this_o not_o only_o the_o people_n be_v require_v to_o practice_v but_o the_o clergy_n to_o teach_v and_o preach_v up_o the_o worship_n of_o the_o cross_n and_o other_o image_n with_o these_o act_n of_o adoration_n and_o this_o constitution_n be_v extant_a in_o lyndwood_n as_o part_v of_o the_o canon_n law_n then_o in_o force_n 160.2_o who_o in_o his_o note_n upon_o it_o observe_n that_o offer_v incense_n be_v a_o sacrifice_n as_o it_o be_v burn_v upon_o the_o altar_n and_o a_o part_n of_o latria_n and_o therefore_o he_o say_v the_o same_o incense_n be_v not_o use_v to_o the_o clergy_n and_o people_n with_o that_o burn_v upon_o the_o altar_n but_o of_o another_o sort_n which_o be_v not_o consecrate_v in_o the_o record_n of_o the_o tower_n be_v extant_a the_o form_n of_o renunciation_n impose_v on_o the_o lollard_n 2._o wherein_o be_v these_o word_n concern_v the_o worship_n of_o image_n 655._o i_o do_v swear_v to_o god_n and_o to_o all_o his_o seynt_n upon_o this_o holy_a gospel_n that_o fro_o this_o day_n forward_o i_o shall_v worship_n image_n with_o pray_v and_o offer_v unto_o they_o in_o the_o worschop_n of_o the_o seynt_n that_o they_o be_v make_v after_o and_o yet_o after_o all_o this_o plain_a evidence_n some_o have_v have_v the_o confidence_n to_o tell_v
thing_n with_o much_o ceremony_n but_o we_o do_v not_o believe_v these_o statue_n to_o be_v brahma_n or_o bechen_a etc._n etc._n themselves_o but_o only_o their_o image_n and_o representation_n and_o we_o do_v not_o give_v they_o that_o honour_n but_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o what_o they_o represent_v they_o be_v in_o our_o temple_n because_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o pray_v well_o to_o have_v something_o before_o our_o eye_n that_o may_v fix_v the_o mind_n and_o when_o we_o pray_v it_o be_v not_o the_o statue_n we_o pray_v to_o but_o he_o that_o be_v represent_v by_o it_o for_o the_o rest_n we_o acknowledge_v that_o it_o be_v god_n that_o be_v absolute_a and_o the_o only_a omnipotent_a lord_n and_o master_n this_o say_v he_o be_v his_o answer_n without_o add_v or_o substract_v any_o thing_n and_o i_o desire_v to_o be_v resolve_v by_o t._n g._n whether_o upon_o these_o principle_n they_o be_v guilty_a of_o idolatry_n or_o no_o i_o be_o sure_a their_o church_n account_v they_o so_o and_o yet_o they_o neither_o believe_v their_o image_n to_o be_v god_n nor_o terminate_v their_o worship_n upon_o they_o and_o if_o they_o be_v guilty_a upon_o these_o principle_n t.g._n can_v never_o clear_v the_o church_n of_o rome_n but_o beside_o they_o have_v another_o way_n of_o defend_v themselves_o which_o the_o same_o author_n give_v this_o account_n of_o viz._n that_o god_n or_o that_o sovereign_n be_v who_o they_o call_v achar_n immutable_a have_v produce_v or_o draw_v out_o of_o his_o own_o substance_n not_o only_o soul_n 178._o but_o also_o whatever_o be_v material_a and_o corporeal_a in_o the_o universe_n so_o that_o all_o the_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n be_v but_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n which_o be_v god_n himself_o as_o all_o number_n be_v but_o one_o and_o the_o same_o unity_n repeat_v if_o this_o principle_n of_o they_o be_v true_a i_o hope_v they_o may_v stand_v upon_o even_a term_n with_o t._n g._n as_o to_o the_o adoration_n of_o the_o host._n for_o if_o the_o belief_n on_o one_o side_n will_v justify_v his_o church_n from_o idolatry_n a_o sufficient_a object_n of_o adoration_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v present_a i_o hope_v the_o same_o supposition_n on_o their_o side_n may_v do_v it_o too_o so_o that_o if_o man_n can_v be_v but_o foolish_a and_o extravagant_a enough_o in_o their_o opinion_n about_o a_o thing_n they_o need_v not_o doubt_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o the_o worship_n they_o pay_v to_o it_o and_o that_o this_o be_v not_o a_o mere_a supposition_n not_o only_o appear_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o this_o inquisitive_a person_n but_o by_o what_o trigautius_n say_v of_o the_o chinese_n 10._o that_o this_o opinion_n be_v very_o prevalent_a among_o the_o learned_a man_n there_o that_o make_v the_o world_n and_o god_n to_o be_v one_o substance_n of_o which_o all_o particular_a thing_n be_v member_n and_o by_o what_o alexander_n valignanus_n 2._o provincial_a of_o the_o jesuit_n in_o the_o indies_n for_o thirty_o year_n have_v say_v upon_o this_o subject_n in_o his_o discourse_n about_o the_o best_a mean_n of_o convert_v the_o japonese_n print_v by_o possevine_n he_o tell_v we_o of_o a_o sect_n among_o they_o who_o hold_v but_o one_o principle_n which_o they_o call_v the_o first_o reason_n and_o the_o true_a opinion_n and_o the_o divine_a truth_n and_o that_o this_o principle_n be_v all_o thing_n and_o all_o thing_n be_v nothing_o but_o it_o extend_v now_o and_o do_v return_v into_o it_o again_o upon_o their_o dissolution_n that_o the_o soul_n of_o man_n be_v the_o same_o with_o it_o that_o man_n by_o inward_a contemplation_n may_v now_o attain_v to_o a_o knowledge_n of_o and_o union_n with_o this_o first_o principle_n and_o as_o one_o of_o the_o japonese_n convert_v say_v after_o a_o man_n have_v spend_v thirty_o year_n in_o this_o contemplation_n he_o be_v then_o fit_a to_o be_v canonize_v and_o to_o be_v worship_v among_o their_o cami_n and_o fotoques_fw-la this_o first_o principle_n they_o grant_v to_o be_v one_o absolute_o perfect_a and_o wise_a but_o not_o thoughtful_a but_o live_v in_o perfect_a ease_n and_o happiness_n this_o say_v bernier_n be_v the_o great_a cabala_n of_o the_o brahmin_n and_o persian_n and_o if_o valignanus_n may_v be_v credit_v be_v so_o of_o the_o japonese_n too_o and_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o very_a same_o which_o orpheus_n have_v from_o the_o egyptian_n and_o contain_v in_o it_o the_o most_o plausible_a reason_n of_o give_v divine_a worship_n to_o any_o thing_n which_o be_v propose_v for_o adoration_n valignanus_n offer_v a_o great_a many_o argument_n against_o this_o opinion_n but_o i_o dare_v say_v not_o one_o of_o they_o strong_a or_o plain_a than_o those_o which_o be_v daily_o bring_v against_o transubstantiation_n and_o yet_o t._n g._n will_n by_o no_o mean_n allow_v any_o idolatry_n therein_o because_o the_o object_n suppose_v to_o be_v present_a deserve_v our_o adoration_n but_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o people_n valignanus_n confess_v do_v acknowledge_v a_o supreme_a be_v who_o they_o call_v tento_fw-la and_o believe_v he_o to_o be_v the_o governor_n of_o the_o world_n and_o to_o he_o in_o their_o great_a distress_n they_o make_v supplication_n believe_v that_o all_o thing_n be_v well_o know_v by_o he_o but_o under_o he_o they_o suppose_v many_o cami_n and_o fotoques_fw-la to_o be_v who_o they_o acknowledge_v to_o have_v have_v a_o beginning_n such_o as_o xaca_n and_o amida_n and_o canon_n and_o toranga_n and_o many_o other_o to_o who_o they_o make_v their_o daily_a address_n in_o their_o temple_n and_o the_o reason_n which_o valignanus_n give_v against_o this_o way_n of_o worship_n among_o they_o deserve_v our_o consideration_n 1._o because_o god_n only_o have_v the_o power_n of_o confer_v the_o blessing_n of_o this_o life_n or_o another_o upon_o we_o 5._o and_o his_o argument_n must_v hold_v as_o to_o both_o or_o else_o it_o do_v not_o reach_v home_o for_o the_o japonese_n be_v observe_v more_o to_o pray_v to_o their_o saint_n or_o deity_n for_o riches_n and_o health_n and_o honour_n than_o for_o what_o belong_v to_o another_o life_n 2._o because_o xaca_n and_o amida_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o cami_n and_o fotoque_fw-la be_v once_o man_n and_o therefore_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o world_n can_v be_v commit_v to_o they_o be_v a_o thing_n above_o humane_a understanding_n very_o well_o again_o and_o if_o this_o argument_n signify_v any_o thing_n it_o must_v extend_v to_o their_o incapacity_n of_o receive_v their_o address_n for_o want_n of_o divine_a knowledge_n otherwise_o they_o may_v pray_v to_o amida_n and_o xaca_n still_o as_o mediator_n at_o least_o between_o god_n and_o they_o 3._o because_o the_o world_n be_v before_o they_o have_v a_o be_v and_o consequent_o be_v govern_v by_o that_o wise_a be_v which_o make_v it_o and_o he_o that_o dispose_v of_o thing_n then_o do_v so_o still_o therefore_o it_o be_v a_o absurd_a thing_n to_o pray_v to_o and_o adore_v such_o being_n which_o do_v not_o make_v the_o world_n all_o which_o i_o grant_v to_o be_v reasonable_o and_o true_o say_v and_o only_o desire_v they_o may_v be_v remember_v against_o another_o day_n and_o what_o he_o add_v about_o the_o great_a affront_n which_o be_v offer_v to_o god_n when_o the_o honour_n which_o belong_v to_o he_o be_v give_v to_o any_o creature_n 6._o either_o dead_a man_n or_o image_n or_o devil_n and_o yet_o he_o make_v no_o scruple_n notwithstanding_o the_o former_a pretence_n to_o charge_v these_o gentile_n with_o idolatry_n 15._o it_o remain_v now_o that_o i_o consider_v the_o religion_n of_o the_o chinese_n that_o i_o mean_v which_o be_v proper_o they_o and_o be_v by_o writer_n common_o call_v the_o first_o sect_n among_o they_o and_o by_o martinius_n the_o philosophical_a sect._n 7._o although_o he_o admire_v they_o for_o their_o morality_n yet_o he_o say_v although_o ancient_o they_o do_v believe_v and_o worship_v one_o god_n yet_o that_o now_o they_o have_v leave_v off_o to_o worship_v he_o because_o they_o do_v not_o know_v how_o to_o do_v it_o but_o greuber_n 6._o who_o come_v late_a from_o thence_o say_v that_o they_o do_v profess_v to_o worship_v one_o supreme_a be_v which_o they_o call_v sciax-ti_a and_o adore_v he_o by_o certain_a sacrifice_n of_o paper_n and_o incense_n they_o worship_v no_o pagod_n or_o idol_n say_v semedo_n 18._o but_o acknowledge_v a_o superiority_n or_o deity_n who_o be_v able_a to_o chastise_v or_o reward_v but_o they_o have_v no_o church_n wherein_o they_o worship_v he_o nor_o any_o divine_a service_n which_o they_o celebrate_v nor_o any_o prayer_n that_o they_o rehearse_v nor_o any_o priest_n or_o minister_n which_o officiate_n at_o his_o service_n yet_o they_o speak_v and_o write_v very_o honourable_o of_o he_o neither_o do_v they_o attribute_v any_o undecent_a thing_n to_o he_o as_o our_o ancestor_n do_v
on_o he_o but_o because_o he_o be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n call_v upon_o as_o a_o patron_n and_o advocate_n with_o god_n but_o say_v t._n g._n honour_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o testimony_n or_o protestation_n of_o some_o excellency_n and_o whether_o thanks_o be_v give_v to_o god_n by_o word_n or_o by_o sacrifice_n for_o the_o gift_n and_o grace_n he_o have_v bestow_v on_o such_o a_o person_n it_o be_v a_o evident_a protestation_n of_o such_o excellency_n in_o that_o person_n and_o consequent_o for_o his_o honour_n though_o both_o word_n and_o sacrifice_n be_v direct_v to_o god_n and_o not_o to_o he_o who_o deny_v that_o it_o be_v for_o the_o honour_n of_o a_o person_n to_o praise_n god_n for_o he_o but_o the_o question_n be_v if_o sacrifice_n be_v appropriate_v to_o the_o sole_a honour_n of_o god_n how_o the_o honour_n of_o saint_n come_v to_o be_v declare_v by_o it_o for_o a_o man_n who_o understanding_n be_v not_o shrink_v up_o as_o beggar_n arm_n use_v to_o be_v may_v have_v stretch_v it_o at_o least_o so_o far_o as_o to_o have_v consider_v that_o sacrifice_n be_v a_o external_a sign_n there_o be_v two_o thing_n to_o be_v look_v at_o in_o it_o 1._o the_o signification_n of_o that_o sign_n 2._o the_o term_n to_o which_o it_o be_v direct_v now_o the_o main_a thing_n to_o be_v regard_v in_o it_o as_o to_o honour_n be_v not_o the_o direction_n of_o it_o to_o its_o term_n by_o the_o mind_n for_o that_o be_v secret_a but_o the_o external_a signification_n of_o it_o among_o man_n for_o say_v aquinas_n 1._o the_o reason_n of_o sacrifice_n be_v that_o man_n by_o some_o sensible_a external_a act_n shall_v make_v a_o protestation_n by_o offer_v they_o to_o god_n of_o the_o subjection_n and_o honour_n that_o be_v due_a to_o he_o now_o if_o this_o sign_n may_v be_v make_v use_n of_o to_o signify_v any_o other_o thing_n it_o be_v not_o a_o peculiar_a and_o appropriate_a sign_n only_o for_o that_o purpose_n to_o testify_v our_o subjection_n to_o god_n and_o to_o return_v the_o kindness_n of_o his_o twitch_n by_o a_o example_n far_o more_o pertinent_a to_o the_o purpose_n than_o his_o be_v how_o strange_a will_v it_o have_v be_v think_v among_o the_o persian_n where_o prostration_n be_v appropriate_v to_o their_o king_n as_o a_o sign_n of_o subjection_n to_o he_o alone_o for_o a_o man_n to_o have_v say_v to_o he_o sir_n i_o fall_v down_o before_o you_o in_o honour_n of_o the_o captain_n of_o your_o guard_n or_o of_o such_o and_o such_o a_o minister_n of_o state_n will_v the_o king_n have_v take_v this_o for_o a_o appropriate_a act_n of_o honour_n to_o himself_o so_o that_o though_o he_o fall_v down_o only_o to_o the_o king_n if_o he_o declare_v he_o intend_v it_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o another_o he_o take_v away_o by_o his_o word_n the_o significancy_n of_o his_o action_n thus_o if_o sacrifice_n be_v so_o appropriate_a to_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n that_o it_o can_v signify_v any_o thing_n else_o than_o it_o be_v nonsense_n to_o sacrifice_v to_o god_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o another_o if_o it_o may_v signify_v any_o thing_n else_o and_o be_v so_o use_v in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n than_o they_o do_v not_o reserve_v so_o much_o as_o sacrifice_v for_o a_o appropriate_a sign_n of_o the_o absolute_a worship_n of_o god_n 8._o 2._o religious_a adoration_n be_v appropriate_v to_o god_n in_o scripture_n for_o so_o the_o command_n run_v as_o it_o be_v explain_v by_o our_o saviour_n thou_o shall_v worship_v the_o lord_n thy_o god_n and_o he_o only_o shall_v thou_o serve_v 4.10_o they_o who_o will_v make_v the_o restrictive_a particle_n belong_v to_o the_o latter_a clause_n and_o not_o to_o the_o first_o do_v not_o attend_v to_o the_o reason_n of_o our_o saviour_n use_v these_o word_n 14_o which_o be_v to_o reject_v the_o devil_n temptation_n about_o adoration_n and_o it_o will_v not_o have_v have_v force_n against_o the_o temptation_n if_o man_n be_v more_o at_o liberty_n as_o to_o worship_v than_o they_o be_v as_o to_o service_n and_o it_o be_v observe_v by_o those_o who_o have_v most_o consider_v the_o importance_n of_o the_o hebrew_n word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o it_o do_v not_o signify_v a_o act_n of_o the_o mind_n but_o of_o the_o body_n either_o by_o incurvation_n or_o prostration_n although_o adoration_n be_v sometime_o take_v for_o all_o the_o external_a act_n of_o religious_a worship_n as_o john_n 4.20_o act_n 8.27_o yet_o the_o general_a signification_n of_o it_o be_v that_o act_n of_o religious_a worship_n which_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o body_n and_o so_o adoration_n be_v account_v in_o the_o school_n one_o particular_a part_n of_o proper_a religious_a worship_n aquinas_n 2._o put_v it_o before_o sacrifice_n and_o make_v that_o place_n of_o our_o saviour_n the_o foundation_n of_o it_o and_o among_o external_a sign_n he_o make_v this_o the_o great_a and_o that_o it_o be_v intend_v not_o bare_o to_o declare_v our_o inward_a reverence_n but_o that_o by_o the_o use_n of_o this_o our_o inward_a devotion_n may_v be_v more_o excite_v it_o be_v natural_a for_o we_o to_o proceed_v from_o sensible_a to_o intellectual_a act_n and_o it_o be_v observe_v by_o ysambertus_n 4._o a_o late_a professor_n of_o divinity_n in_o the_o sorbon_n that_o where_o ever_o the_o scripture_n speak_v of_o adoration_n it_o be_v always_o express_v by_o some_o external_a sign_n as_o a_o note_n of_o subjection_n in_o he_o that_o adore_v towards_o he_o that_o be_v adore_v which_o observation_n if_o understand_v of_o a_o corporeal_a sign_n be_v not_o intend_v for_o angel_n but_o man_n for_o adoration_n be_v in_o scripture_n attribute_v to_o angel_n and_o he_o well_o observe_v as_o to_o the_o sense_n of_o aquinas_n that_o he_o must_v make_v the_o external_a sign_n necessary_a to_o the_o formal_a act_n of_o adoration_n because_o he_o rank_n prayer_n among_o the_o internal_a act_n which_o he_o can_v do_v upon_o no_o other_o reason_n but_o because_o prayer_n may_v have_v its_o complete_a act_n in_o the_o mind_n which_o he_o suppose_v that_o adoration_n can_v not_o and_o withal_o he_o prove_v contrary_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o suarez_n that_o the_o internal_a act_n of_o virtue_n though_o design_v by_o the_o mind_n as_o a_o token_n of_o submission_n to_o god_n can_v be_v the_o proper_a act_n of_o adoration_n because_o they_o be_v not_o adequate_a and_o proportionable_a sign_n to_o express_v our_o submission_n to_o god_n and_o therefore_o damascen_n define_v adoration_n to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 4._o a_o sign_n of_o subjection_n and_o anastasius_n bishop_n of_o antioch_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o outward_a expression_n of_o honour_n by_o which_o say_v vasquez_n he_o do_v not_o mean_v any_o bare_a honour_n but_o that_o which_o imply_v subjection_n but_o damascen_n yet_o more_o full_o say_v it_o be_v a_o sign_n not_o bare_o of_o honour_n but_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o submission_n and_o humility_n not_o as_o it_o be_v take_v for_o that_o particular_a virtue_n whereby_o a_o inordinate_a value_n of_o ourselves_o be_v repress_v but_o as_o it_o imply_v a_o acknowledgement_n of_o god_n superiority_n and_o dominion_n over_o we_o and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o st._n augustine_n 19_o where_o he_o speak_v of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v most_o peculiar_a to_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n he_o join_v adoration_n and_o sacrifice_n together_o putaverunt_fw-la quidam_fw-la deferendum_fw-la angelis_n honorem_fw-la vel_fw-la adorando_fw-la vel_fw-la sacrificando_fw-la qui_fw-la debetur_fw-la deo_fw-la &_o eorum_fw-la sunt_fw-la admonitione_n prohibiti_fw-la jussique_a sunt_fw-la haec_fw-la ei_fw-la defer_v cui_fw-la uni_fw-la fas_fw-la esse_fw-la noverunt_fw-la whereby_o we_o see_v he_o make_v external_a adoration_n as_o peculiar_a to_o god_n as_o sacrifice_v and_o ludovicus_n vives_n there_o say_v that_o he_o mean_v by_o the_o angel_n that_o refuse_v adoration_n the_o angel_n that_o forbid_v st._n john_n and_o bid_v he_o to_o worship_v god_n which_o make_v i_o wonder_v that_o t._n g._n shall_v make_v the_o act_n of_o adoration_n aequivocal_a and_o only_o sacrifice_v according_a to_o st._n augustin_n to_o be_v appropriate_v to_o signify_v the_o absolute_a worship_n of_o god_n for_o st._n augustin_n join_v both_o together_o and_o make_v one_o as_o unlawfal_v to_o be_v give_v to_o any_o creature_n as_o the_o other_o how_o then_o come_v st._n augustin_n authority_n to_o be_v quit_v for_o the_o one_o and_o so_o greedy_o embrace_v for_o the_o other_o be_v it_o that_o sacrifice_n do_v of_o itself_o more_o proper_o signify_v our_o inward_a and_o total_a subjection_n of_o ourselves_o to_o god_n than_o the_o other_o do_v but_o it_o will_v become_v t._n g_n learning_n to_o inform_v we_o in_o this_o matter_n since_o the_o best_a learned_a of_o their_o
in_o another_o place_n he_o tell_v we_o what_o that_o worship_n do_v consist_v in_o 124._o which_o he_o there_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o which_o we_o be_v certain_a what_o he_o mean_v by_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d before_o and_o so_o he_o reckon_v up_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o first_o place_n their_o prayer_n or_o supplication_n and_o then_o vow_n hymn_n oblation_n and_o sacrifice_n the_o give_v of_o any_o of_o these_o to_o saint_n be_v to_o worship_v they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o not_o as_o the_o ignorant_a or_o wilful_o blind_a writer_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n when_o they_o meet_v with_o this_o word_n they_o cry_v out_o present_o mark_v that_o not_o with_o latria_n and_o present_o imagine_v that_o what_o sense_n a_o word_n have_v obtain_v among_o they_o if_o they_o meet_v with_o it_o in_o the_o father_n it_o must_v needs_o signify_v the_o same_o thing_n when_o the_o sense_n of_o word_n have_v be_v so_o strange_o pervert_v by_o they_o as_o will_n more_o particular_o appear_v by_o this_o very_a distinction_n of_o latria_n and_o dulia_n which_o they_o make_v s._n augustine_n the_o author_n of_o but_o have_v carry_v it_o far_o beyond_o his_o meaning_n i_o come_v therefore_o to_o consider_v s._n augustine_n mind_n in_o this_o matter_n 21._o which_o i_o be_o the_o more_o oblige_v to_o do_v since_o t._n g._n so_o unreasonable_o triumph_v in_o s._n augustine_n opinion_n in_o this_o matter_n and_o be_v not_o only_o content_a to_o drag_v i_o at_o his_o chariot_n wheel_n but_o he_o make_v a_o show_n of_o i_o and_o call_v people_n to_o see_v by_o my_o example_n to_o what_o miserable_a shift_n and_o disingenuous_a art_n they_o be_v put_v 431._o who_o will_v shut_v their_o eye_n and_o fight_v against_o the_o light_n of_o a_o noonday_n truth_n when_o i_o first_o read_v these_o word_n i_o begin_v to_o rub_v my_o eye_n and_o to_o look_v about_o i_o and_o to_o wonder_v what_o the_o matter_n be_v and_o i_o find_v myself_o as_o willing_a to_o see_v light_a as_o another_o and_o my_o conscience_n never_o yet_o accuse_v i_o of_o use_v disingenuous_a art_n in_o deal_v with_o they_o if_z t._n g._n can_v clear_v himself_o as_o well_o it_o be_v the_o better_a for_o he_o i_o be_o sure_a by_o stander_n have_v not_o think_v so_o as_o appear_v at_o large_a by_o dr._n whitby_n especial_o in_o his_o last_o chapter_n against_o he_o but_o it_o be_v not_o my_o business_n to_o recriminate_a hope_v sufficient_o to_o clear_v myself_o in_o this_o matter_n it_o seem_v i_o have_v say_v that_o s._n augustine_n deny_v that_o any_o religious_a worship_n be_v perform_v to_o the_o martyr_n this_o t._n g._n again_o say_v i_o can_v not_o affirm_v without_o shut_v my_o eye_n and_o yet_o i_o thank_v god_n by_o the_o help_n of_o my_o eye_n i_o find_v s._n augustin_n say_v the_o same_o thing_n still_o for_o be_v it_o not_o s._n augustin_n that_o say_v non_fw-la sit_fw-la nobis_fw-la religio_fw-la cultus_fw-la hominum_fw-la mortuorum_fw-la 55._o let_v not_o the_o worship_n of_o dead_a man_n be_v any_o part_n of_o our_o religion_n for_o if_o they_o have_v live_v pious_o they_o do_v not_o desire_v such_o honour_n from_o we_o but_o they_o will_v have_v we_o to_o worship_v he_o by_o who_o we_o may_v become_v partaker_n of_o their_o happiness_n honorandi_fw-la ergo_fw-la sunt_fw-la propter_fw-la imitationem_fw-la non_fw-la adorandi_fw-la propter_fw-la religionem_fw-la be_v it_o possible_a for_o any_o man_n to_o speak_v plain_a than_o s._n austin_n do_v that_o they_o be_v not_o to_o have_v religious_a worship_n give_v to_o they_o but_o such_o honour_n as_o may_v excite_v we_o to_o a_o imitation_n of_o they_o and_o this_o not_o by_o chance_n or_o in_o some_o incoherent_a passage_n but_o in_o a_o set_a discourse_n on_o purpose_n where_o he_o argue_v with_o strong_a reason_n against_o the_o religious_a worship_n of_o angel_n as_o well_o as_o saint_n to_o the_o end_n of_o that_o book_n and_o say_v the_o utmost_a they_o expect_v from_o we_o be_v the_o honour_n of_o our_o love_n and_o not_o of_o our_o service_n and_o therefore_o s._n augustin_n do_v not_o by_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d understand_v the_o service_n of_o saint_n and_o angel_n which_o he_o there_o dispute_v against_o from_o our_o happiness_n come_v only_o from_o god_n our_o be_v the_o temple_n of_o god_n the_o angel_n prohibit_v s._n john_n to_o worship_v he_o and_o bid_v he_o to_o worship_n god_n and_o that_o the_o very_a name_n of_o religion_n be_v from_o tie_v our_o soul_n to_o god_n alone_o whosoever_o of_o the_o angel_n love_v god_n say_v he_o love_v i_o for_o worship_v he_o and_o he_o that_o have_v god_n favour_n have_v the_o favour_n of_o all_o that_o be_v good_a therefore_o let_v our_o religion_n bind_v we_o fast_o to_o one_o omnipotent_a god_n between_o who_o and_o we_o there_o be_v no_o creature_n interpose_v with_o much_o more_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n be_v it_o not_o the_o same_o s._n austin_n that_o say_v joh._n haec_fw-la est_fw-la religio_fw-la christiana_n ut_fw-la colatur_fw-la unus_fw-la deus_fw-la this_o be_v the_o christian_a religion_n to_o worship_v one_o god_n and_o that_o for_o this_o reason_n because_o god_n only_o can_v make_v the_o soul_n happy_a for_o say_v he_o it_o be_v make_v happy_a only_o by_o the_o participation_n of_o god_n and_o not_o of_o a_o bless_a soul_n or_o angel_n not_o as_o though_o this_o be_v intend_v only_o against_o the_o expectation_n of_o our_o blessedness_n whole_o from_o saint_n or_o angel_n but_o he_o make_v use_v of_o this_o as_o a_o argument_n to_o prove_v that_o we_o ought_v to_o worship_n god_n alone_o who_o only_o be_v able_a to_o make_v we_o happy_a be_v it_o not_o the_o same_o s._n austin_n that_o say_v this_o be_v the_o character_n of_o the_o true_a religion_n 34._o that_o it_o unite_v we_o only_o to_o one_o god_n without_o give_v worship_n to_o any_o other_o be_v how_o excellent_a soever_o and_o he_o look_v on_o this_o as_o a_o divine_a and_o singular_a part_n of_o the_o christian_a doctrine_n nullam_fw-la creaturam_fw-la colendam_fw-la esse_fw-la animae_fw-la that_o no_o creature_n have_v the_o worship_n of_o our_o soul_n what_o do_v he_o then_o think_v of_o pray_v to_o creature_n not_o only_o with_o our_o voice_n but_o our_o mind_n too_o as_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n say_v it_o be_v profitable_a for_o we_o to_o do_v and_o not_o only_o for_o their_o prayer_n but_o for_o their_o help_n and_o assistance_n but_o say_v good_a s._n austin_n the_o most_o wise_a and_o perfect_a man_n the_o most_o accomplish_a and_o happy_a soul_n be_v only_o to_o be_v love_v and_o imitate_v and_o honour_v give_v to_o it_o according_a to_o its_o desert_n and_o order_n for_o thou_o shall_v worship_v the_o lord_n thy_o god_n and_o he_o only_o shall_v thou_o serve_v can_v any_o man_n speak_v more_o plain_o and_o full_o against_o give_v any_o religious_a worship_n to_o creature_n than_o he_o do_v be_v it_o not_o the_o same_o s._n austin_n that_o tell_v maximus_n madaurensis_fw-la 45._o that_o in_o the_o christian_a church_n none_o that_o be_v dead_a be_v worship_v and_o nothing_o adore_v as_o god_n that_o be_v make_v by_o god_n but_o only_o one_o god_n who_o create_v all_o thing_n here_o t._n g._n smile_n and_o think_v to_o avoid_v this_o present_o for_o s._n austin_n speak_v of_o any_o thing_n be_v adore_v as_o god_n which_o they_o abhor_v to_o do_v but_o his_o smile_n will_v be_v soon_o over_o if_o he_o consider_v what_o be_v adore_v as_o god_n there_o mean_v for_o no_o one_o ever_o suspect_v that_o the_o christian_n believe_v the_o martyr_n to_o be_v the_o supreme_a god_n but_o only_o that_o they_o worship_v they_o as_o god_n of_o a_o low_a rank_n by_o participation_n from_o the_o supreme_a and_o be_v not_o the_o very_a same_o thing_n say_v and_o defend_v in_o the_o roman_a church_n that_o the_o saint_n be_v god_n by_o participation_n and_o they_o have_v the_o care_n and_o government_n of_o the_o church_n commit_v to_o they_o and_o on_o that_o account_n be_v worship_v and_o if_o this_o be_v not_o be_v adore_v as_o god_n in_o s._n augustine_n sense_n i_o know_v not_o what_o be_v be_v it_o not_o the_o same_o s._n austin_n that_o undertake_v to_o prove_v against_o the_o platonist_n 9.23_o that_o good_a spirit_n be_v not_o to_o be_v worship_v per_fw-la tale_n religionis_fw-la obsequium_fw-la by_o such_o religious_a worship_n very_o right_n say_v t._n g._n not_o by_o the_o worship_n of_o sacrifice_n but_o s._n austin_n say_v neither_o sacris_fw-la nor_o sacrificiis_fw-la which_o two_o comprehend_v all_o the_o rite_n of_o religious_a worship_n which_o be_v then_o use_v for_o he_o make_v use_v of_o several_a phrase_n to_o express_v the_o act_n of_o religious_a worship_n sometime_o by_o join_v those_o two_o
together_o sacris_fw-la &_o sacrificiis_fw-la sometime_o religione_fw-la &_o sacris_fw-la 1._o sometime_o religionis_fw-la ritibus_fw-la sometime_o religionis_fw-la obsequio_fw-la 4._o by_o all_o which_o he_o understand_v the_o same_o thing_n viz._n the_o act_n of_o religious_a worship_n which_o for_o distinction_n sake_n he_o call_v latria_n as_o that_o service_n or_o worship_v that_o man_n owe_v to_o one_o another_o he_o say_v be_v call_v by_o another_o name_n and_o i_o confess_v i_o can_v find_v s._n austin_n apply_v the_o term_n of_o dulia_n to_o any_o service_n we_o owe_v to_o saint_n or_o angel_n in_o heaven_n 55._o but_o he_o avoid_v the_o term_n of_o service_n and_o deny_v it_o be_v due_a to_o they_o and_o only_o call_v it_o by_o the_o name_n of_o love_n and_o fellowship_n with_o they_o and_o therefore_o martinus_n peresius_n have_v good_a reason_n to_o quarrel_v with_o the_o use_n of_o the_o word_n dulia_fw-la 7._o because_o we_o be_v only_a fellow_n servant_n with_o they_o and_o bellarmin_n give_v he_o no_o sufficient_a answer_n by_o bring_v that_o place_n gal._n 5._o serve_v one_o another_o in_o love_n for_o that_o only_o relate_v to_o person_n in_o equal_a condition_n where_o the_o mutual_a office_n may_v be_v alike_o which_o can_v be_v suppose_v in_o this_o case_n and_o therefore_o i_o have_v reason_n to_o say_v 61._o that_o dulia_n be_v use_v by_o s._n austin_n as_o a_o term_n express_v the_o service_n we_o owe_v to_o god_n as_o our_o lord_n but_o t._n g._n think_v he_o have_v run_v i_o down_o 386._o by_o produce_v the_o forego_n place_n which_o he_o say_v i_o purposely_o conceal_v from_o the_o reader_n for_o fear_v he_o may_v infer_v that_o if_o some_o degree_n of_o the_o service_n call_v dulia_n may_v be_v give_v by_o servant_n to_o their_o master_n sure_o a_o high_a degree_n of_o it_o may_v be_v give_v to_o holy_a angel_n very_o fine_o argue_v and_o as_o much_o against_o s._n augustine_n sense_n as_o be_v possible_a for_o he_o say_v in_o plain_a term_n those_o angel_n that_o require_v service_n from_o we_o be_v devil_n for_o this_o he_o make_v the_o character_n of_o they_o that_o they_o do_v invite_v we_o ut_fw-la sibi_fw-la serviamus_fw-la but_o say_v he_o we_o honour_v good_a angel_n by_o love_n and_o not_o by_o service_n but_o t._n g._n be_v not_o more_o mistake_v in_o s._n augustine_n sense_n of_o dulia_n than_o he_o be_v about_o latria_n for_o he_o say_v that_o he_o understand_v it_o of_o sacrifice_n and_o that_o when_o he_o say_v bless_v spirit_n be_v not_o willing_a we_o shall_v sacra_fw-la facere_fw-la it_o ought_v not_o be_v render_v equivocal_o as_o it_o be_v by_o i_o to_o perform_v any_o sacred_a office_n but_o to_o dedicate_v and_o sacrifice_v to_o they_o or_o consecrate_v ourselves_o or_o any_o thing_n of_o we_o to_o they_o by_o the_o rite_n of_o religion_n by_o which_o he_o say_v it_o be_v evident_a that_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o worship_n which_o be_v due_a to_o god_n alone_o that_o be_v of_o such_o dedication_n and_o consecration_n as_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o heathen_n to_o their_o daemon_n as_o go_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o i_o grant_v that_o s._n austin_n speak_v of_o the_o worship_n due_a to_o god_n alone_o and_o of_o those_o rite_n of_o religious_a worship_n which_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o heathen_n to_o their_o god_n but_o the_o question_n be_v what_o he_o understand_v by_o those_o religious_a rite_n whether_o only_a dedication_n and_o sacrifice_n and_o consecration_n or_o other_o act_n of_o religious_a worship_n for_o t._n g._n can_v be_v so_o ignorant_a as_o not_o to_o know_v that_o adoration_n and_o prayer_n be_v as_o constant_a as_o solemn_a as_o proper_a act_n of_o religious_a worship_n both_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o the_o heathen_a custom_n as_o those_o he_o mention_n thence_o orandi_fw-la causa_fw-la fanum_fw-la adire_fw-la in_o cicero_n 6._o deos_fw-la immortales_fw-la precari_fw-la venerari_fw-la atque_fw-la implorare_fw-la debetis_fw-la ut_fw-la urbem_fw-la defendant_n catil_n and_o scarce_o any_o greek_a or_o latin_a writer_n that_o mention_n their_o religious_a rite_n but_o under_o they_o they_o take_v notice_n of_o adoration_n and_o prayer_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o some_o of_o they_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o form_n of_o they_o and_o the_o manner_n and_o order_n of_o invocation_n in_o their_o litany_n for_o the_o word_n be_v as_o old_a as_o homer_n wherein_o they_o invocate_v their_o god_n in_o order_n that_o they_o will_v be_v favourable_a and_o propitious_a to_o they_o and_o pliny_n say_v in_o general_a 2._o that_o no_o sacrifice_n be_v offer_v without_o prayer_n and_o macrobius_n 9_o servius_n 7._o and_o arnobius_n say_v 3._o they_o begin_v their_o invocation_n with_o janus_n not_o because_o they_o look_v on_o he_o as_o chief_a but_o as_o a_o mediator_n who_o be_v to_o carry_v up_o their_o prayer_n to_o the_o superior_a power_n and_o they_o end_v in_o vesta_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n and_o that_o these_o be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o sacra_fw-la be_v not_o only_o manifest_v from_o their_o conjunction_n with_o sacrifice_n but_o from_o the_o old_a form_n of_o obsecration_n in_o which_o they_o use_v ob_fw-la vos_fw-la sacro_fw-la for_o obsecro_fw-la i_o will_v now_o understand_v from_o t._n g._n why_o he_o think_v that_o s._n austin_n shall_v purposely_o leave_v out_o in_o these_o word_n adoration_n and_o invocation_n which_o be_v by_o all_o nation_n look_v on_o as_o some_o of_o the_o proper_a act_n of_o religious_a worship_n especial_o when_o he_o mention_n both_o these_o before_o and_o after_o for_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o dispute_n be_v about_o the_o intercession_n of_o create_a spirit_n and_o man_n address_n to_o they_o and_o afterward_o he_o join_v adoration_n together_o with_o sacrifice_n as_o a_o thing_n peculiar_a to_o god_n 19_o putaverunt_fw-la quidam_fw-la deferendum_fw-la angelis_n honorem_fw-la vel_fw-la adorando_fw-la vel_fw-la sacrificando_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o a_o place_n already_o cite_v if_o this_o be_v not_o shut_v one_o eye_n against_o noonday_n light_n it_o be_v a_o draw_v a_o curtain_n before_o it_o lest_o it_o grow_v too_o hot_a but_o for_o all_o this_o t._n g._n be_v very_o confident_a 431._o that_o s._n austin_n be_v for_o the_o perform_v religious_a worship_n to_o martyr_n because_o he_o say_v express_o that_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o christian_a people_n in_o his_o time_n to_o celebrate_v with_o religious_a solemnity_n the_o memory_n of_o the_o martyr_n and_o very_o kind_o after_o his_o mode_n he_o charge_v i_o with_o corrupt_v the_o word_n of_o s._n austin_n by_o translate_n they_o thus_o that_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o christian_n in_o his_o time_n to_o have_v their_o religious_a assembly_n at_o the_o sepulcher_n or_o memory_n of_o the_o martyr_n i_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o translate_v as_o t._n g._n know_v well_o enough_o by_o the_o character_n but_o ill_o will_v never_o speak_v well_o but_o i_o still_o say_v and_o stand_v to_o it_o that_o this_o be_v his_o sense_n as_o will_v appear_v by_o consider_v the_o design_n of_o his_o word_n faustus_n the_o manichean_a have_v charge_v the_o african_a christian_n with_o idolatry_n in_o the_o honour_n they_o give_v to_o the_o memory_n of_o the_o martyr_n 21._o s._n austin_n answer_v that_o they_o do_v so_o celebrate_v the_o memory_n of_o the_o martyr_n that_o they_o erect_v no_o altar_n to_o any_o martyr_n but_o to_o the_o god_n of_o martyr_n although_o it_o be_v for_o their_o memory_n for_o who_o of_o the_o bishop_n or_o priest_n that_o officiate_n at_o the_o altar_n in_o the_o place_n of_o their_o sepulcher_n ever_o say_v we_o offer_v to_o thou_o peter_n or_o paul_n or_o cyprian_a but_o that_o which_o be_v offer_v be_v offer_v to_o god_n who_o crown_v the_o martyr_n but_o it_o be_v do_v at_o their_o sepulcher_n who_o he_o have_v crown_v that_o by_o the_o very_a place_n our_o affection_n may_v be_v raise_v and_o our_o love_n quicken_v both_o to_o those_o who_o we_o may_v imitate_v and_o to_o he_o by_o who_o we_o be_v enable_v to_o do_v it_o now_o i_o desire_v to_o know_v what_o part_n of_o religious_a worship_n be_v here_o perform_v to_o the_o martyr_n if_o the_o christian_a sacrifice_n that_o be_v idolatry_n according_a to_o t._n g._n and_o will_v have_v justify_v faustus_n to_o purpose_n but_o s._n austin_n utter_o deny_v this_o to_o be_v perform_v to_o they_o all_o that_o the_o martyr_n be_v concern_v in_o as_o to_o the_o religious_a solemnity_n be_v no_o more_o than_o that_o the_o office_n of_o religion_n be_v perform_v at_o their_o sepulcher_n this_o be_v a_o honour_n to_o they_o i_o grant_v but_o no_o part_n of_o religious_a worship_n and_o although_o the_o design_n of_o the_o worship_n be_v only_o to_o honour_n god_n yet_o the_o place_n of_o do_v it_o be_v out_o of_o honour_n to_o the_o
shem_n and_o japhet_n of_o abraham_n isaac_n and_o jacob_n of_o joseph_n moses_n and_o joshuah_n etc._n etc._n have_v be_v preserve_v among_o the_o gentile_n under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o several_a deity_n of_o saturn_n tuisto_n mannus_n mercury_n bacchus_n apollo_n hercules_n etc._n etc._n in_o which_o case_n the_o heathen_n be_v innocent_a as_o to_o the_o person_n they_o worship_v 3._o the_o papist_n ought_v in_o reason_n to_o allow_v they_o all_o the_o excuse_n they_o make_v use_v of_o for_o themselves_o such_o as_o invincible_a ignorance_n oral_a tradition_n authority_n of_o teacher_n and_o conditional_a worship_n which_o alone_o will_v justify_v they_o for_o by_o that_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o worship_n be_v to_o somewhat_o suppose_a to_o be_v worthy_a of_o it_o but_o if_o they_o be_v mistake_v in_o the_o particular_a application_n of_o it_o that_o general_a intention_n be_v think_v sufficient_a to_o render_v the_o worship_n lawful_a but_o what_o say_v t._n g._n all_o this_o while_n 98._o why_o forsooth_o s._n chrysostome_n say_v that_o plato_n glory_v in_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n and_o creature_n of_o which_o he_o speak_v before_o so_o he_o render_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o signify_v no_o more_o than_o set_v they_o off_o with_o the_o best_a advantage_n of_o which_o i_o have_v give_v a_o account_n already_o and_o socrates_n command_v a_o cock_n to_o be_v sacrifice_v to_o aesculapius_n who_o deny_v it_o all_o the_o question_n be_v what_o socrates_n understand_v by_o aesculapius_n for_o those_o who_o have_v have_v the_o great_a insight_n into_o the_o doctrine_n of_o socrates_n and_o plato_n tell_v we_o such_o as_o marsilius_n ficinus_fw-la 12._o and_o coelius_n rhodiginus_fw-la that_o by_o aesculapius_n socrates_n understand_v the_o divine_a beneficence_n that_o cure_v all_o disease_n to_o which_o a_o cock_n be_v sacrifice_v as_o the_o forerunner_n of_o day_n and_o the_o sun_n thereby_o acknowledge_v the_o light_n of_o life_n to_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o divine_a bounty_n the_o daughter_n of_o providence_n and_o that_o now_o especial_o they_o shall_v do_v it_o in_o token_n of_o his_o deliverance_n from_o the_o disease_n of_o doubt_n and_o fear_n and_o the_o ancient_a oracle_n say_v that_o soul_n return_v to_o heaven_n sing_v a_o iô_o paean_n the_o fit_a emblem_n of_o which_o be_v the_o offer_v up_o a_o cock_n but_o beside_o this_o tacitus_n have_v a_o remarkable_a passage_n to_o explain_v this_o sacrifice_a to_o aesculapius_n 4._o viz._n that_o many_o call_v god_n by_o the_o name_n of_o aesculapius_n as_o he_o heal_v the_o disease_n of_o mankind_n of_o which_o seguinus_n take_v notice_n in_o some_o ancient_a coin_n wherein_o the_o serpent_n the_o proper_a symbol_n of_o aesculapius_n be_v join_v with_o the_o horn_n of_o jupiter_n ammon_n 4._o and_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o show_v say_v that_o learned_a antiquary_n that_o the_o same_o god_n be_v mean_v by_o all_o those_o several_a title_n so_o that_o hereby_o appear_v no_o contradiction_n to_o what_o i_o have_v say_v as_o to_o the_o platonic_a doctrine_n and_o principle_n of_o divine_a worship_n however_o t._n g._n be_v content_a to_o suppose_v that_o the_o philosopher_n be_v as_o subtle_a as_o i_o will_v make_v they_o or_o rather_o as_o honest_a as_o their_o own_o writer_n make_v they_o yet_o say_v he_o be_v they_o not_o worthy_o condemn_v by_o the_o apostle_n though_o but_o for_o the_o external_a profession_n of_o pray_v and_o offer_v sacrifice_n to_o the_o statue_n of_o jupiter_n venus_n mercury_n etc._n etc._n as_o also_o to_o those_o of_o bird_n and_o fourfooted_a beast_n and_o creep_a thing_n as_o the_o vulgar_a do_v i_o answer_v that_o upon_o the_o principle_n of_o worship_n allow_v in_o the_o roman_a church_n they_o be_v not_o to_o blame_v in_o what_o they_o do_v suppose_v that_o to_o be_v their_o meaning_n which_o their_o own_o writer_n allow_v as_o appear_v by_o the_o forego_n discourse_n but_o t._n g._n say_v 108._o however_o they_o be_v to_o blame_v in_o two_o thing_n 1._o because_o the_o image_n be_v institute_v by_o public_a authority_n for_o the_o worship_n of_o false_a god_n they_o concur_v as_o i_o acknowledge_v with_o the_o vulgar_a in_o all_o the_o external_a practice_n of_o their_o idolatry_n 2._o because_o though_o in_o the_o school_n they_o deny_v they_o to_o be_v god_n yet_o as_o origen_n charge_v celsus_n they_o worship_v they_o as_o god_n and_o the_o people_n be_v confirm_v in_o their_o opinion_n but_o all_o the_o question_n be_v how_o this_o external_a worship_n come_v to_o be_v idolatry_n suppose_v they_o acknowledge_v one_o supreme_a god_n and_o give_v only_o a_o relative_a or_o inferior_a worship_n to_o other_o being_n create_v by_o he_o or_o to_o the_o image_n of_o they_o wherein_o i_o pray_v do_v this_o idolatry_n consist_v not_o in_o worship_v the_o true_a god_n by_o image_n that_o t._n g._n utter_o deny_v to_o be_v idolatry_n be_v it_o then_o in_o give_v sovereign_a worship_n to_o inferior_a god_n that_o their_o own_o writer_n deny_v that_o they_o do_v but_o only_o a_o subordinate_a and_o relative_a worship_n but_o it_o lay_v say_v t._n g._n in_o worship_v the_o image_n of_o false_a god_n these_o false_a god_n by_o the_o confession_n of_o their_o own_o writer_n be_v either_o good_a angel_n or_o deify_v man_n and_o be_v it_o at_o last_o confess_v to_o be_v idolatry_n to_o give_v divine_a worship_n to_o these_o but_o they_o concur_v with_o the_o people_n in_o their_o worship_n and_o why_o not_o upon_o their_o ground_n what_o scandal_n do_v this_o give_v among_o they_o but_o it_o be_v the_o external_a profession_n of_o idolatry_n of_o what_o idolatry_n of_o the_o worship_n of_o false_a go_n what!_o still_o in_o a_o round_a i_o grant_v they_o be_v false_a god_n as_o they_o have_v divine_a worship_n give_v to_o they_o and_o so_o whatever_o creature_n it_o be_v that_o be_v so_o worship_v though_o never_o so_o real_a or_o excellent_a a_o be_v become_v a_o false_a 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it_o be_v to_o be_v underderstood_v only_o of_o the_o inward_a submission_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o not_o of_o the_o external_a act_n of_o adoration_n and_o so_o he_o answer_v all_o the_o argument_n from_o the_o council_n and_o father_n and_o he_o say_v 1._o that_o it_o may_v be_v deliver_v absolute_o that_o image_n be_v to_o be_v worship_v with_o latria_n if_o by_o that_o be_v mean_v the_o same_o worship_n which_o be_v give_v to_o the_o exemplar_n and_o that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o inferior_a worship_n tend_v to_o folly_n and_o superstition_n 2._o and_o that_o his_o own_o opinion_n be_v the_o most_o useful_a to_o be_v preach_v to_o the_o people_n suarez_n be_v by_o no_o mean_n satisfy_v with_o this_o way_n 4._o say_v the_o author_n of_o it_o must_v necessary_o fall_v into_o the_o abusive_a and_o improper_a way_n of_o worship_n which_o be_v condemn_v in_o durandus_fw-la and_o holcot_n for_o he_o take_v away_o all_o proper_a worship_n of_o image_n and_o make_v they_o only_o seem_v to_o 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citation_n i_o there_o produce_v out_o of_o origen_n wherein_o he_o say_v the_o christian_n dare_v have_v no_o image_n of_o the_o deity_n because_o of_o this_o commandment_n and_o that_o they_o will_v rather_o die_v than_o defile_v themselves_o with_o such_o a_o impiety_n and_o even_o theodoret_n himself_o say_v 168._o they_o be_v forbid_v to_o make_v any_o image_n of_o god_n because_o they_o see_v no_o similitude_n of_o he_o and_o which_o be_v more_o to_o t._n g._n even_o the_o nicene_n council_n and_o the_o great_a patron_n of_o image_n for_o a_o long_a time_n after_o do_v yield_v that_o the_o second_o commandment_n do_v forbid_v the_o make_n or_o worship_v any_o representation_n of_o god_n as_o i_o have_v already_o at_o large_a prove_v if_o i_o may_v advise_v t._n g._n i_o will_v never_o have_v he_o venture_v at_o the_o father_n again_o but_o be_v content_v to_o bear_v his_o own_o burden_n and_o out_o of_o mere_a pity_n to_o they_o not_o to_o load_v they_o with_o the_o imputation_n 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than_o say_v that_o it_o be_v ridiculous_a to_o imagine_v the_o law_n mean_v any_o thing_n else_o t._n g._n answer_v not_o one_o word_n 53._o but_o instead_o of_o that_o he_o spend_v some_o page_n about_o two_o similitude_n one_o of_o i_o and_o another_o quaint_a of_o his_o own_o which_o must_v stand_v or_o fall_v according_a to_o the_o reason_n give_v for_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o law_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v pass_v they_o over_o only_o for_o his_o desire_v i_o to_o make_v my_o similitude_n run_v on_o all_o four_o as_o the_o beast_n mention_v in_o it_o it_o be_v such_o a_o piece_n of_o wit_n that_o i_o desire_v he_o may_v enjoy_v the_o comfort_n of_o it_o but_o he_o have_v not_o yet_o do_v with_o the_o word_n pesel_n which_o he_o say_v 54._o the_o lxx_o will_v never_o have_v render_v it_o here_o contrary_a to_o their_o custom_n idol_n without_o some_o particular_a reason_n for_o it_o what_o particular_a reason_n be_v there_o here_o more_o than_o in_o the_o repetition_n of_o the_o commandment_n deut._n 5.8_o where_o they_o translate_v it_o by_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o alex._n m_o s._n and_o in_o other_o copy_n of_o the_o lxx_o deut._n 4.16_o be_v there_o not_o as_o much_o reason_n to_o have_v use_v the_o same_o word_n in_o those_o place_n as_o in_o this_o since_o the_o commandment_n be_v the_o very_a same_o and_o for_o the_o other_o place_n he_o mention_n as_o isaiah_n 40.18_o 44.9_o 10_o 13._o i_o dare_v leave_v it_o to_o the_o examination_n of_o any_o man_n whether_o they_o do_v not_o far_o better_o prove_v that_o a_o idol_n in_o scripture_n be_v a_o image_n set_v up_o for_o worship_n than_o that_o by_o grave_a image_n be_v mean_v a_o heathen_a idol_n this_o i_o be_o certain_a of_o that_o pet._n picherellus_n a_o excellent_a critic_n 221._o and_o learned_a divine_a in_o the_o roman_a church_n be_v convince_v by_o compare_v of_o these_o place_n that_o the_o signification_n of_o a_o idol_n in_o the_o second_o commandment_n be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o a_o grave_a image_n and_o that_o the_o use_v any_o outward_a sign_n of_o worship_n before_o any_o image_n be_v the_o thing_n forbid_v in_o this_o commandment_n 231._o and_o that_o the_o do_v so_o be_v that_o idolatry_n which_o god_n have_v threaten_v so_o severe_o to_o punish_v which_o i_o beseech_v t._n g._n and_o those_o of_o his_o church_n to_o consider_v and_o repent_v the_o second_o way_n i_o propose_v to_o find_v out_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o commandment_n be_v from_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o 14._o which_o i_o say_v the_o scripture_n tell_v we_o be_v derive_v from_o god_n infinite_a and_o incomprehensible_a nature_n which_o can_v not_o be_v represent_v to_o man_n but_o in_o a_o way_n that_o must_v be_v a_o infinite_a disparagement_n to_o it_o for_o which_o i_o produce_v isaiah_n 40.19_o 20_o 21_o 22._o to_o who_o will_v you_o liken_v god_n or_o what_o likeness_n will_v you_o compare_v to_o he_o the_o workman_n melt_v a_o grave_a image_n and_o the_o goldsmith_n spread_v it_o over_o with_o gold_n etc._n etc._n have_v you_o not_o know_v have_v you_o not_o hear_v have_v it_o not_o be_v tell_v you_o from_o the_o beginning_n have_v you_o not_o understand_v from_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o earth_n it_o be_v he_o that_o sit_v upon_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o earth_n etc._n etc._n whence_o i_o desire_v to_o know_v whether_o this_o reason_n be_v give_v against_o heathen_a idol_n or_o those_o image_n which_o be_v worship_v for_o god_n or_o no_o or_o whether_o by_o this_o reason_n god_n do_v not_o declare_v that_o all_o worship_n give_v to_o he_o by_o any_o visible_a representation_n of_o he_o be_v extreme_o dishonourable_a to_o he_o and_o to_o this_o purpose_n when_o this_o precept_n be_v enforce_v on_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n by_o a_o very_a particular_a caution_n 16._o take_v you_o therefore_o good_a heed_n to_o yourselves_o lest_o you_o corrupt_v yourselves_o and_o make_v you_o a_o grave_a image_n the_o similitude_n of_o any_o figure_n etc._n etc._n the_o ground_n of_o that_o caution_n be_v express_v in_o these_o word_n for_o you_o see_v no_o manner_n of_o similitude_n on_o the_o day_n that_o the_o lord_n speak_v unto_o you_o if_o the_o whole_a intention_n of_o the_o law_n have_v be_v only_o to_o keep_v they_o from_o worship_v the_o heathen_a idol_n or_o image_n for_o god_n to_o what_o purpose_n be_v it_o here_o mention_v that_o they_o see_v no_o similitude_n of_o god_n when_o he_o speak_v to_o they_o for_o although_o god_n appear_v with_o a_o similitude_n then_o yet_o there_o may_v have_v be_v great_a reason_n against_o worship_v the_o heathen_a idol_n or_o fix_v the_o intention_n of_o their_o worship_n on_o the_o bare_a image_n but_o this_o be_v a_o very_a great_a reason_n why_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o think_v of_o honour_v god_n by_o a_o image_n for_o if_o he_o have_v judge_v that_o a_o suitable_a way_n of_o worship_n to_o his_o nature_n and_o excellency_n he_o will_v not_o have_v leave_v the_o choice_n of_o the_o similitude_n to_o themselves_o but_o will_v have_v appear_v himself_o in_o such_o a_o similitude_n as_o have_v best_a please_v he_o this_o discourse_n t.g._n say_v 58._o be_v apt_a enough_o to_o delude_v a_o vulgar_a auditory_a out_o of_o the_o pulpit_n i_o with_o their_o pulpit_n have_v never_o any_o worse_a before_o not_o vulgar_a auditory_n but_o altogether_o empty_a and_o insignificant_a when_o bring_v to_o the_o test_n of_o reason_n that_o be_v to_o be_v try_v whether_o my_o reason_n or_o his_o answer_n will_v be_v find_v so_o however_o he_o say_v this_o do_v not_o prove_v it_o idolatry_n no_o that_o be_v very_o strange_a for_o if_o the_o image_n of_o god_n when_o worship_v be_v a_o idol_n and_o forbid_a as_o such_o in_o the_o commandment_n than_o i_o suppose_v the_o worship_n of_o it_o be_v idolatry_n but_o none_o so_o blind_a as_o they_o that_o will_v not_o see_v now_o for_o the_o terrible_a test_n of_o reason_n he_o say_v 1._o that_o all_o representation_n of_o god_n be_v not_o dishonourable_a to_o he_o and_o for_o that_o he_o produce_v a_o hieroglyphical_a picture_n of_o a_o three_o cornered_a light_n within_o a_o cloud_n 59_o and_o the_o name_n jehovah_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o in_o the_o frontispiece_n of_o a_o book_n of_o common_a prayer_n by_o rob._n barker_n 1642._o from_o whence_o he_o infer_v that_o the_o church_n of_o england_n do_v not_o look_v on_o all_o visible_a representation_n as_o a_o infinite_a disparagement_n to_o god_n as_o though_o the_o church_n of_o england_n be_v concern_v in_o all_o the_o fancy_n of_o engraver_n in_o the_o frontispiece_n of_o book_n public_o allow_v he_o may_v better_o have_v prove_v that_o we_o worship_n jupiter_n ammon_n in_o our_o church_n