be_v not_o needful_a to_o be_v do_v again_o any_o more_o in_o one_o of_o the_o homily_n of_o easter_n which_o many_o attribute_n unto_o caesarius_n bishop_n of_o arles_n the_o author_n be_v he_o who_o it_o will_v there_o make_v this_o reflection_n pasch_fw-mi caesar_n hom._n 5._o de_fw-mi pasch_fw-mi speak_v of_o jesus_n christ_n because_o he_o intend_v to_o remove_v from_o our_o sight_n the_o body_n which_o he_o have_v take_v and_o so_o place_v it_o in_o heaven_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o in_o that_o day_n he_o shall_v consecrate_v for_o we_o the_o sacrament_n of_o his_o body_n and_o blood_n to_o the_o end_n that_o we_o shall_v honour_v by_o the_o type_n that_o which_o have_v be_v once_o offer_v for_o the_o price_n of_o our_o salvation_n but_o s._n basil_n or_o at_o least_o the_o author_n of_o the_o commentary_n upon_o isaiah_n in_o his_o work_n have_v join_v both_o these_o regard_v together_o in_o interpret_n these_o word_n of_o the_o first_o chapter_n what_o have_v i_o to_o do_v with_o the_o multitude_n of_o your_o sacrifice_n god_n say_v he_o reject_v the_o multitude_n of_o sacrifice_n es_fw-ge basil_n in_o c._n 1._o es_fw-ge and_o desire_v but_o one_o which_o be_v that_o every_o one_o shall_v present_v himself_o to_o god_n a_o live_a sacrifice_n which_o may_v be_v well_o please_v unto_o he_o offer_v by_o a_o reasonable_a sacrifice_n the_o sacrifice_n of_o praise_n for_o when_o the_o multitude_n of_o legal_a sacrifice_n be_v reject_v as_o useless_a he_o accept_v in_o the_o last_o time_n one_o only_a sacrifice_n which_o be_v offer_v for_o the_o expiation_n of_o sin_n because_o the_o lamb_n of_o god_n take_v away_o the_o sin_n of_o the_o world_n offer_v himself_o a_o oblation_n and_o sacrifice_n of_o a_o sweet_a savour_n and_o a_o little_a after_o have_v declare_v that_o the_o sacrifice_n of_o the_o law_n be_v no_o long_o in_o force_n ibid._n id._n ibid._n he_o add_v there_o be_v one_o only_a sacrifice_n which_o be_v christ_n and_o the_o mortification_n of_o saint_n for_o love_n of_o he_o one_o only_o sprinkle_v that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o wash_n of_o regeneration_n one_o expiation_n of_o sin_n to_o wit_n the_o blood_n which_o be_v shed_v for_o the_o redemption_n of_o the_o world_n it_o be_v also_o in_o the_o same_o sense_n that_o s._n austin_n expound_v what_o be_v say_v in_o the_o fifty_o psalm_n and_o according_a to_o the_o hebrew_n the_o fifty_o first_o 50._o august_n in_o ps_n 50._o have_v thou_o desire_v sacrifice_n i_o will_v have_v give_v they_o say_v that_o david_n live_v in_o the_o time_n when_o sacrifice_n and_o beast_n and_o burn_v offering_n be_v present_v unto_o god_n and_o he_o behold_v the_o time_n which_o be_v for_o to_o come_v do_v not_o we_o behold_v ourselves_o in_o those_o word_n those_o sacrifice_n be_v figure_n which_o foreshow_v the_o only_a save_a sacrifice_n neither_o have_v we_o be_v leave_v destitute_a of_o a_o sacrifice_n which_o we_o may_v offer_v unto_o god_n which_o he_o expound_v to_o be_v of_o praise_n and_o a_o contrite_a heart_n now_o of_o this_o constant_a doctrine_n of_o the_o father_n proceed_v certain_a use_n which_o be_v religious_o observe_v in_o the_o ancient_a church_n as_o to_o have_v but_o one_o only_a altar_n or_o eucharistical_a table_n in_o each_o temple_n of_o celebrate_v the_o sacrament_n but_o once_o a_o day_n unless_o extraordinary_a necessity_n require_v it_o as_o have_v be_v show_v of_o oblige_a believer_n to_o communicate_v as_o often_o as_o the_o sacrament_n be_v celebrate_v as_o shall_v be_v hereafter_o declare_v of_o never_o celebrate_v the_o sacrament_n without_o communicant_n as_o all_o liturgy_n do_v testify_v he_o that_o celebrate_v speak_v almost_o ever_o in_o the_o plural_a number_n and_o that_o oblation_n be_v receive_v only_o of_o those_o that_o be_v admit_v unto_o the_o holy_a sacrament_n so_o that_o the_o liberty_n of_o present_v his_o gift_n be_v always_o follow_v by_o communicate_v alibi_fw-la council_n eliberit_fw-la c._n 28._o &_o carthag_n 4._o c._n 93_o 94._o constit_fw-la apostol_n l._n 4._o c._n 5._o &_o l._n 3._o c._n 8._o epiphan_n in_o panar_n extr_n ambros_n ep._n 59_o &_o alibi_fw-la as_o appear_v by_o a_o great_a many_o canon_n which_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o be_v allege_v upon_o a_o matter_n which_o be_v not_o contest_v and_o which_o be_v know_v unto_o all_o that_o have_v any_o knowledge_n of_o ecclesiastical_a antiquity_n which_o proceed_v make_v i_o think_v those_o holy_a doctor_n look_v upon_o the_o eucharist_n as_o a_o sacrament_n of_o communion_n only_o but_o it_o be_v time_n to_o proceed_v to_o the_o consideration_n and_o examination_n of_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o outward_a celebration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n chap._n ix_o of_o the_o elevation_n and_o break_v the_o bread_n we_o have_v observe_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o forego_n chapter_n that_o although_o jesus_n christ_n have_v break_v the_o bread_n present_o after_o have_v bless_v and_o consecrate_a it_o without_o any_o other_o ceremony_n intervening_a betwixt_o the_o consecration_n and_o fraction_n nevertheless_o the_o ancient_a christian_n in_o process_n of_o time_n introduce_v some_o other_o ceremony_n betwixt_o these_o two_o action_n which_o be_v not_o use_v at_o the_o beginning_n i_o mean_v the_o oblation_n of_o the_o symbol_n and_o the_o elevation_n have_v then_o treat_v of_o the_o former_a which_o be_v of_o the_o oblation_n and_o discover_v by_o that_o mean_n all_o the_o motive_n and_o reason_n which_o oblige_v the_o holy_a father_n to_o give_v unto_o the_o eucharist_n the_o name_n of_o sacrifice_n and_o how_o they_o explain_v themselves_o upon_o the_o quality_n and_o nature_n of_o this_o sacrifice_n now_o we_o must_v consider_v the_o elevation_n which_o follow_v the_o oblation_n but_o not_o very_o sudden_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o our_o saviour_n make_v no_o elevation_n when_o he_o institute_v and_o celebrate_v his_o first_o sacrament_n for_o none_o of_o the_o evangelist_n have_v make_v any_o mention_n of_o it_o the_o christian_n which_o follow_v in_o the_o next_o immediate_a age_n practise_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o relation_n make_v unto_o we_o by_o s._n justin_n martyr_n of_o all_o that_o be_v practise_v in_o that_o time_n in_o celebrate_v this_o august_n sacrament_n the_o liturgy_n of_o this_o divine_a mystery_n which_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o constitution_n which_o pass_v in_o the_o apostle_n name_n in_o the_o write_n of_o the_o pretend_a denys_n the_o areopagite_n and_o in_o s._n cyril_n of_o jerusalem_n mystagogick_n do_v make_v no_o mention_n of_o this_o elevation_n so_o that_o for_o four_o or_o five_o age_n of_o christianity_n we_o do_v not_o find_v that_o this_o ceremony_n be_v practise_v but_o if_o we_o do_v not_o find_v the_o elevation_n of_o the_o eucharist_n mention_v in_o the_o liturgy_n of_o the_o four_o or_o five_o first_o age_n of_o the_o church_n we_o do_v therein_o find_v another_o practice_n very_o conformable_a unto_o the_o state_n of_o the_o gospel_n and_o unto_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o sacrament_n i_o mean_v the_o lift_n up_o the_o mind_n and_o heart_n as_o s._n cyprian_n do_v express_o teach_v we_o the_o priest_n say_v he_o before_o recite_v the_o lord_n prayer_n by_o a_o preface_n do_v prepare_v the_o spirit_n of_o the_o faithful_a say_v lift_v up_o your_o heart_n dom._n cyprian_a de_fw-fr orat_fw-la dom._n that_o the_o people_n be_v warn_v in_o answer_v unto_o thou_o o_o lord_n shall_v think_v only_o of_o jesus_n christ_n a_o advertisement_n find_v in_o all_o the_o liturgy_n which_o have_v be_v since_o make_v and_o also_o even_o in_o that_o of_o the_o latin_a church_n as_o for_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o sacrament_n there_o be_v some_o mention_n make_v of_o it_o in_o the_o liturgy_n which_o go_v in_o the_o name_n of_o s._n chrysostome_n 537._o tab._n chronolog_n p._n 536_o 537._o but_o can_v be_v his_o as_o the_o learned_a of_o both_o communion_n acknowledge_v therefore_o those_o who_o compose_v the_o office_n of_o the_o holy_a sacrament_n attribute_v it_o unto_o john_n the_o second_o who_o be_v also_o bishop_n of_o constantinople_n but_o near_o 200._o year_n after_o saint_n chrysostome_n that_o be_v towards_o the_o end_n of_o the_o vi_o century_n and_o i_o do_v not_o conceive_v that_o this_o elevation_n appear_v before_o that_o time_n so_o that_o if_o it_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o any_o liturgy_n which_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o any_o ancient_a author_n for_o instance_n in_o that_o attribute_v unto_o s._n james_n i_o scarce_o make_v any_o doubt_n but_o it_o be_v forge_v or_o at_o least_o alter_v or_o corrupt_v but_o it_o be_v nothing_o to_o know_v that_o after_o the_o four_o or_o five_o first_o age_n of_o christianity_n they_o begin_v in_o some_o church_n to_o use_v the_o elevation_n of_o the_o sacrament_n if_o we_o do_v not_o also_o consider_v for_o what_o end_n they_o do_v elevate_v
in_o the_o main_a so_o also_o i_o think_v fit_a to_o express_v my_o gratitude_n unto_o the_o great_a family_n of_o the_o windhams_n in_o particular_a a_o family_n know_v to_o be_v true_o noble_a and_o great_a in_o the_o number_n of_o its_o flourish_a branch_n as_o well_o as_o in_o riches_n honour_n and_o approve_a loyalty_n unto_o their_o king_n and_o country_n the_o true_a happiness_n and_o last_a prosperity_n whereof_o shall_v ever_o be_v sincere_o wish_v and_o desire_v by_o honour_a sir_n your_o most_o obedient_a humble_a servant_n jos_n walker_n the_o author_n preface_n translate_v from_o the_o french_z the_o controversy_n about_o religion_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o war_n or_o if_o you_o will_v a_o sort_n of_o lawsuit_n wherein_o both_o party_n plead_v their_o cause_n with_o some_o heat_n it_o seem_v to_o i_o very_o difficult_a to_o write_v and_o not_o let_v fall_v some_o word_n that_o may_v favour_v the_o interest_n of_o that_o side_n for_o which_o we_o be_v concern_v because_o the_o flesh_n corrupt_v the_o act_n of_o the_o understanding_n and_o the_o old_a man_n never_o fail_v to_o vitiate_v the_o purity_n of_o the_o thought_n of_o the_o new_a i_o do_v not_o here_o speak_v of_o those_o angry_a writer_n who_o in_o all_o their_o work_n do_v show_v a_o unlimited_a passion_n for_o the_o cause_n which_o they_o defend_v and_o meditate_v nothing_o but_o disparage_v their_o adversary_n to_o make_v their_o own_o party_n triumph_v by_o the_o calumny_n which_o they_o cast_v upon_o the_o other_o i_o speak_v of_o mild_a and_o peaceable_a spirit_n who_o write_v with_o moderation_n who_o nevertheless_o do_v it_o not_o always_o so_o successful_o but_o they_o let_v drop_v some_o thing_n which_o all_o do_v not_o approve_v of_o because_o their_o ever_o remain_v frailty_n in_o man_n and_o the_o innocency_n of_o the_o second_o adam_n have_v not_o a_o complete_a victory_n over_o the_o first_o what_o i_o say_v be_v particular_o verify_v in_o examine_v the_o tradition_n of_o the_o church_n upon_o the_o article_n of_o our_o faith_n for_o both_o the_o roman_a catholic_n and_o the_o protestant_n pretend_v that_o it_o be_v favourable_a to_o their_o cause_n each_o allege_v out_o of_o the_o holy_a father_n to_o establish_v their_o belief_n and_o religion_n this_o consideration_n make_v i_o think_v that_o the_o sure_a way_n and_o most_o edify_a mean_n for_o christian_n will_v be_v plain_o to_o produce_v what_o have_v be_v from_o time_n to_o time_n receive_v and_o believe_v in_o the_o church_n upon_o the_o point_n in_o controversy_n and_o historical_o without_o dispute_n to_o represent_v the_o sentiment_n of_o our_o ancestor_n upon_o all_o the_o article_n which_o be_v to_o be_v examine_v this_o be_v what_o i_o have_v endeavour_v to_o do_v upon_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o eucharist_n which_o be_v and_o will_v be_v always_o if_o god_n prevent_v it_o not_o by_o his_o grace_n a_o stone_n of_o stumble_v and_o a_o mean_n which_o the_o devil_n will_v never_o fail_v to_o use_v to_o keep_v up_o among_o christian_n that_o unhappy_a strife_n wherewith_o they_o be_v so_o please_v but_o which_o ought_v to_o draw_v tear_n of_o blood_n from_o those_o good_a soul_n that_o be_v sensible_o touch_v for_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n and_o that_o without_o cease_v by_o their_o prayer_n desire_v that_o he_o will_v give_v unto_o all_o the_o grace_n to_o keep_v the_o unity_n of_o the_o spirit_n in_o the_o bond_n of_o peace_n the_o better_a to_o succeed_v in_o my_o design_n and_o to_o represent_v the_o sacrament_n at_o large_a i_o have_v divide_v my_o work_n into_o three_o part_n in_o the_o first_o i_o examine_v the_o outward_a form_n of_o celebration_n i_o prove_v that_o bread_n and_o wine_n have_v always_o be_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o sacrament_n among_o christian_n i_o hint_n at_o the_o mixture_n of_o water_n with_o the_o wine_n in_o the_o holy_a cup_n and_o i_o endeavour_v to_o discover_v the_o original_a as_o well_o as_o the_o mystery_n which_o the_o ancient_a doctor_n of_o the_o church_n since_o s._n cyprian_n have_v seek_v for_o in_o this_o mixture_n i_o mention_v sundry_a sect_n of_o heretic_n whereof_o some_o have_v change_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o sacrament_n other_o have_v corrupt_v the_o celebration_n and_o last_o other_o have_v quite_o reject_v it_o not_o suffer_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v celebrate_v at_o all_o i_o omit_v not_o what_o s._n ignatius_n say_v of_o certain_a heretic_n who_o condemn_v the_o celebration_n nor_o the_o heresy_n of_o one_o call_v tanchelin_n who_o also_o deny_v it_o but_o through_o another_o principle_n i_o make_v some_o mention_n of_o the_o slander_n which_o the_o jew_n and_o other_o cast_v upon_o christian_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o sacrament_n and_o i_o treat_v of_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o greek_a and_o latin_a church_n about_o the_o use_n of_o levened_a and_o unleven_v bread_n then_o i_o consider_v whence_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n of_o the_o sacrament_n be_v take_v what_o be_v the_o fashion_n of_o the_o bread_n with_o the_o innovation_n and_o change_n which_o have_v thereupon_o happen_v from_o thence_o i_o proceed_v to_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o place_n of_o consecration_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o chalice_n and_o patins_z that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o vessel_n which_o be_v use_v in_o this_o holy_a action_n this_o consideration_n be_v follow_v with_o a_o inquiry_n of_o the_o language_n wherein_o consecration_n be_v make_v and_o wherein_o all_o the_o service_n be_v general_o perform_v and_o from_o this_o inquiry_n i_o proceed_v to_o the_o examination_n of_o ceremony_n and_o of_o the_o form_n of_o consecration_n i_o mean_v the_o word_n of_o consecration_n to_o know_v whether_o the_o ancient_a church_n do_v consecrate_v by_o prayer_n blessing_n and_o give_v of_o thanks_o or_o by_o these_o word_n this_o be_v my_o body_n as_o be_v now_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o latin_a church_n then_o i_o treat_v of_o the_o oblation_n or_o the_o form_n of_o the_o sacrifice_n and_o i_o show_v the_o reason_n and_o motive_n which_o oblige_v the_o holy_a father_n to_o give_v to_o the_o eucharist_n the_o name_n of_o oblation_n and_o sacrifice_n i_o annex_v unto_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o oblation_n that_o of_o the_o elevation_n and_o of_o the_o fraction_n and_o i_o show_v at_o what_o time_n the_o latin_n begin_v to_o lift_v up_o the_o host_n to_o warn_v the_o people_n to_o adore_v it_o moreover_o i_o examine_v the_o distribution_n and_o communion_n and_o in_o the_o first_o place_n the_o time_n the_o place_n and_o the_o posture_n of_o the_o communicant_a the_o person_n who_o distribute_v those_o who_o communicate_v with_o the_o word_n of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o and_o then_o of_o the_o thing_n distribute_v treat_v at_o large_a the_o question_n of_o the_o communion_n under_o both_o kind_n i_o also_o show_v that_o for_o several_a age_n communicant_n receive_v the_o eucharist_n with_o their_o hand_n that_o they_o be_v permit_v to_o carry_v it_o unto_o their_o house_n and_o to_o carry_v it_o along_o with_o they_o in_o their_o journey_n and_o travel_n and_o that_o the_o ancient_a christian_n be_v so_o little_a scrupulous_a in_o this_o matter_n that_o sometime_o they_o send_v the_o sacrament_n unto_o the_o sick_a by_o lay_v person_n man_n woman_n acolytes_n and_o young_a boy_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o they_o make_v plaster_n of_o it_o they_o bury_v it_o with_o the_o dead_a in_o some_o church_n they_o burn_v the_o remainder_n of_o the_o sacrament_n and_o in_o other_o they_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v eat_v by_o little_a infant_n sometime_o they_o take_v consecrate_v wine_n and_o mix_v it_o with_o ink_n than_o they_o dip_v their_o pen_n in_o these_o mix_a liquor_n the_o more_o to_o confirm_v the_o act_n they_o intend_v to_o sign_n in_o the_o second_o part_n i_o describe_v the_o history_n of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o holy_a father_n upon_o this_o weighty_a article_n begin_v with_o the_o reflection_n they_o have_v make_v upon_o the_o word_n of_o institution_n and_o upon_o the_o interpretation_n they_o have_v give_v of_o these_o word_n this_o be_v my_o body_n and_o after_o these_o reflection_n i_o represent_v a_o great_a number_n of_o testimony_n wherein_o they_o call_v the_o eucharist_n bread_n and_o wine_n in_o the_o very_a act_n of_o communicate_v they_o affirm_v it_o be_v bread_n which_o be_v break_v that_o it_o be_v corn_n wheat_n the_o fruit_n of_o the_o vine_n fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o like_a term_n they_o positive_o say_v that_o it_o be_v bread_n and_o wine_n bread_n wherewith_o our_o body_n be_v nourish_v the_o matter_n whereof_o pass_v through_o the_o natural_a accident_n of_o our_o common_a food_n bread_n which_o be_v consume_v in_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n they_o affirm_v that_o the_o bread_n and_o the_o cup_n which_o we_o receive_v at_o the_o lord_n table_n be_v thing_n
good_a for_o the_o time_n wherein_o it_o be_v make_v and_o do_v clear_o justify_v what_o we_o have_v say_v touch_v the_o nature_n and_o form_n of_o the_o bread_n which_o christian_n be_v accustom_v to_o use_v in_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o eucharist_n i_o can_v find_v that_o there_o happen_v any_o other_o alteration_n until_o at_o last_o in_o the_o eleven_o century_n they_o begin_v in_o some_o church_n in_o the_o west_n to_o change_v the_o form_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o bread_n which_o have_v be_v always_o use_v in_o this_o sacrament_n use_v instead_o of_o it_o little_a host_n like_o wafer_n round_o and_o white_a and_o very_o thin_a and_o slender_a whereof_o the_o interpreter_n of_o the_o roman_a order_n who_o live_v towards_o the_o end_n of_o the_o eleven_o century_n of_o who_o we_o have_v already_o speak_v make_v great_a complaint_n 61._o apud_fw-la cassand_n in_o liâ—turg_n p._n 61._o not_o endure_v this_o great_a innovation_n the_o quantity_n say_v he_o of_o a_o handful_n be_v the_o least_o of_o all_o measure_n to_o make_v bread_n of_o which_o quantity_n be_v very_o just_o appoint_v unto_o those_o which_o sacrifice_v for_o the_o ministry_n of_o the_o altar_n and_o if_o there_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o all_o the_o old_a nor_o the_o new_a testament_n a_o small_a measure_n than_o a_o handful_n and_o if_o nothing_o aught_o to_o be_v do_v within_o the_o temple_n of_o the_o lord_n nor_o out_o of_o it_o without_o order_n and_o measure_n these_o despicable_a little_a oblation_n seem_v no_o way_n unto_o i_o fit_a for_o jesus_n christ_n and_o the_o church_n because_o they_o be_v without_o measure_n and_o without_o reason_n cassander_n who_o have_v see_v the_o book_n and_o who_o relate_v several_a passage_n in_o his_o liturgy_n add_v this_o author_n otherwise_o pious_a prudent_a 62._o ibid._n p._n 62._o and_o very_o well_o verse_v in_o the_o tradition_n of_o the_o church_n say_v thereupon_o several_a other_o thing_n it_o appear_v that_o he_o have_v much_o ado_n to_o suffer_v that_o in_o his_o time_n in_o some_o church_n the_o oblation_n of_o bread_n which_o by_o a_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o church_n be_v offer_v by_o the_o faithful_a people_n upon_o the_o lord_n table_n for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o sacrifice_n be_v reduce_v unto_o the_o form_n of_o a_o crown-piece_n and_o a_o slight_a slender_a substance_n much_o different_a from_o the_o form_n of_o true_a bread_n therefore_o it_o be_v that_o by_o contempt_n they_o call_v they_o slender_a wafer_n make_v in_o the_o form_n of_o piece_n of_o money_n which_o we_o call_v crown_n they_o attribute_v unto_o they_o a_o imaginary_a shadowy_a lightness_n and_o affirm_v they_o do_v not_o deserve_v the_o name_n of_o bread_n they_o be_v so_o thin_a and_o that_o by_o reason_n of_o they_o divine_a service_n and_o the_o religion_n of_o ecclesiastical_a office_n do_v receive_v in_o all_o respect_n very_o great_a damage_n and_o inveigh_v against_o they_o in_o sundry_a other_o sharp_a and_o harsh_a expression_n all_o which_o thing_n i_o have_v not_o think_v fit_a here_o to_o recite_v but_o whatever_o this_o learned_a interpreter_n of_o the_o roman_a order_n can_v say_v or_o do_v he_o can_v not_o hinder_v but_o that_o the_o use_n of_o these_o wafer_n be_v establish_v in_o the_o whole_a extent_n of_o the_o latin_a church_n and_o that_o also_o some_o other_o christian_n who_o hold_v no_o communion_n with_o the_o latin_a church_n have_v hold_v and_o retain_v it_o among_o they_o although_o in_o other_o thing_n they_o declare_v themselves_o to_o be_v contrary_a unto_o she_o both_o in_o doctrine_n and_o worship_n but_o yet_o thing_n rest_v not_o there_o for_o instead_o of_o bread_n in_o the_o eucharist_n offer_v by_o believer_n or_o at_o least_o flower_n whereof_o it_o be_v make_v they_o oblige_v the_o people_n to_o offer_v piece_n of_o money_n as_o honorius_n of_o autun_n who_o live_v in_o the_o twelve_o or_o thirteen_o century_n do_v inform_v we_o his_o word_n deserve_v to_o be_v here_o insert_v 66._o honor._n augustodun_fw-la in_o gem_n anim_fw-la c._n 66._o it_o be_v say_v that_o ancient_o the_o priest_n receive_v flower_n from_o each_o house_n or_o family_n which_o be_v still_o practise_v by_o the_o greek_n and_o that_o they_o make_v thereof_o the_o bread_n of_o the_o lord_n which_o they_o offer_v for_o the_o people_n and_o distribute_v it_o among_o they_o after_o it_o be_v consecrate_v for_o all_o those_o which_o offer_v flower_n assist_v at_o mass_n and_o it_o be_v say_v for_o they_o in_o the_o canon_n of_o all_o those_o which_o be_v here_o present_a which_o offer_n unto_o thou_o this_o sacrifice_n of_o praise_n but_o after_o the_o church_n be_v increase_v in_o number_n and_o decrease_v in_o holiness_n it_o be_v decree_v by_o reason_n of_o carnal_a man_n that_o those_o that_o can_v shall_v communicate_v every_o lord_n day_n or_o every_o three_o sunday_n or_o on_o great_a festival_n day_n or_o three_o time_n a_o year_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o people_n seldom_o communicate_v it_o be_v not_o needful_a to_o make_v so_o great_a a_o loaf_n it_o be_v order_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v make_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o piece_n of_o money_n and_o that_o the_o people_n shall_v offer_v piece_n of_o money_n instead_o of_o meal_n which_o be_v to_o this_o time_n practise_v in_o the_o whole_a communion_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n i_o have_v enlarge_v upon_o this_o custom_n and_o have_v make_v no_o difficulty_n to_o examine_v it_o from_o first_o to_o last_o because_o that_o the_o change_v happen_v in_o this_o custom_n seem_v to_o i_o of_o great_a importance_n than_o many_o imagine_v for_o man_n be_v not_o usual_o incline_v unto_o the_o change_n of_o this_o nature_n without_o some_o weighty_a reason_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o those_o which_o have_v change_v the_o form_n the_o consistence_n and_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o eucharist_n have_v be_v thereunto_o induce_v for_o some_o great_a design_n there_o be_v some_o which_o think_v that_o the_o motive_n there_o soon_o follow_v it_o such_o change_n in_o the_o doctrine_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o design_n to_o remove_v and_o banish_v from_o the_o mind_n and_o thought_n of_o communicant_n that_o that_o which_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o hand_n at_o the_o lord_n table_n and_o be_v put_v into_o the_o mouth_n be_v bread_n to_o which_o purpose_n say_v they_o these_o wafer_n be_v very_o fit_a which_o be_v present_v unto_o they_o or_o rather_o be_v put_v into_o their_o mouth_n see_v they_o have_v neither_o the_o form_n nor_o figure_n of_o true_a bread_n and_o that_o never_o any_o people_n or_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n use_v this_o kind_n of_o food_n and_o what_o do_v the_o more_o confirm_v they_o in_o this_o belief_n be_v that_o this_o change_n happen_v not_o as_o they_o suppose_v until_o after_o the_o condemnation_n of_o berengar_n viz._n towards_o the_o end_n of_o the_o xi_o century_n but_o as_o these_o conjecture_n do_v not_o much_o concern_v we_o so_o i_o leave_v unto_o the_o reader_n to_o determine_v whether_o they_o be_v to_o be_v admit_v or_o not_o and_o proceed_v to_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o consecration_n of_o the_o symbol_n chap._n v._n of_o the_o consecration_n of_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n of_o the_o eucharist_n and_o first_o of_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v consecrate_a and_o of_o the_o matter_n of_o chalice_n and_o patins_z after_o jesus_n christ_n have_v take_v the_o bread_n and_o the_o cup_n the_o evangelist_n observe_v that_o he_o give_v thanks_o that_o be_v that_o he_o bless_v and_o consecrate_a they_o the_o church_n that_o imitate_v he_o in_o the_o first_o action_n have_v also_o do_v the_o like_a in_o the_o second_o although_o in_o process_n of_o time_n she_o have_v add_v divers_a ceremony_n which_o be_v not_o therein_o at_o first_o but_o because_o the_o consecration_n contain_v several_a thing_n as_o the_o place_n where_o it_o be_v do_v the_o matter_n of_o chalice_n and_o patins_z the_o language_n the_o ceremony_n and_o the_o form_n of_o consecrate_v that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o consecrate_v liturgy_n these_o thing_n must_v be_v examine_v in_o order_n to_o avoid_v obscurity_n and_o confusion_n in_o this_o chapter_n i_o design_v to_o treat_v of_o the_o place_n of_o consecration_n and_o of_o the_o matter_n of_o chalice_n as_o to_o the_o place_n it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v either_o general_o or_o particular_o in_o the_o former_a sense_n it_o be_v the_o place_n where_o christian_n assemble_v together_o for_o the_o worship_n of_o almighty_a god_n wherein_o they_o perform_v their_o exercise_n of_o piety_n and_o devotion_n and_o wherein_o for_o a_o long_a time_n they_o eat_v altogether_o for_o in_o the_o same_o place_n wherein_o they_o make_v their_o agapae_n and_o where_o they_o take_v these_o love-feast_n they_o also_o do_v celebrate_v the_o sacrament_n and_o indeed_o all_o
which_o this_o church_n retain_v very_o punctual_o almost_o unto_o these_o last_o time_n hugh_n maynard_n and_o james_n gore_n do_v make_v almost_o the_o same_o observation_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o passage_n of_o the_o book_n of_o they_o which_o be_v initiate_v which_o be_v in_o s._n ambrose_n we_o have_v upon_o this_o subject_a a_o constitution_n of_o the_o emperor_n justinian_n who_o reign_v in_o the_o v._o century_n viz._n the_o 123_o wherein_o he_o ordain_v to_o make_v the_o divine_a oblation_n that_o be_v to_o say_v as_o photius_n explain_v it_o in_o his_o nomocanon_n tit._n 3._o can._n 1._o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o holy_a communion_n not_o with_o a_o low_a voice_n but_o after_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o the_o faithful_a people_n may_v understand_v what_o be_v say_v a_o custom_n which_o be_v still_o observe_v in_o the_o latin_a church_n in_o the_o ix_o century_n for_o paschas_fw-la radbert_n in_o his_o letter_n unto_o frudegard_n and_o ratran_v in_o his_o treatise_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n do_v observe_v that_o the_o people_n answer_v amen_o unto_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o canon_n moreover_o those_o which_o in_o that_o age_n write_v of_o divine_a and_o ecclesiastical_a office_n as_o amalarius_n rabanus_n walafridus_n have_v very_o exact_o observe_v all_o that_o be_v practise_v in_o their_o time_n in_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o eucharist_n but_o they_o say_v not_o a_o word_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o pronounce_v the_o sacramental_a word_n which_o the_o latin_n follow_v at_o this_o time_n a_o evident_a proof_n that_o it_o be_v not_o then_o receive_v 5._o miss_n rom._n tit_n rit_fw-fr celeb._n miss_n c._n 8._o §._o 5._o as_o it_o have_v be_v some_o age_n past_a for_o the_o missal_n command_v to_o pronounce_v the_o consecrate_v word_n with_o a_o low_a voice_n that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o no_o body_n may_v hear_v they_o the_o original_n of_o so_o considerable_a a_o change_n have_v not_o as_o many_o conceive_v a_o sufficient_a foundation_n for_o the_o author_n of_o divine_a office_n who_o cloak_v himself_o under_o the_o name_n of_o alcuin_n who_o be_v dead_a about_o two_o hundred_o year_n before_o this_o treatise_n be_v compose_v patr_n alcuin_n de_fw-fr diu._n off_o tlt_n de_fw-fr celebr_n miss_n t._n 10._o bibl._n patr_n see_v the_o learned_a do_v not_o judge_v it_o be_v write_v before_o the_o xi_o century_n or_o at_o least_o until_o the_o end_n of_o the_o x._o century_n this_o author_n i_o say_v write_v that_o this_o custom_n of_o pronounce_v with_o a_o low_a voice_n the_o word_n of_o consecration_n proceed_v from_o a_o report_n that_o god_n have_v punish_v with_o sudden_a death_n certain_a shepherd_n that_o sing_v they_o in_o the_o field_n those_o that_o have_v speak_v since_o follow_v the_o same_o step_n as_o hugh_z of_o st._n victor_n a_o writer_n of_o the_o xii_o age_n john_n belet_n who_o live_v as_o it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o same_o time_n innocent_a the_o three_o honorius_n of_o autun_n and_o durandus_fw-la de_fw-fr mende_n who_o write_v in_o the_o xii_o and_o xiii_o and_o gabriel_n biel_n who_o compose_v the_o lesson_n in_o the_o xv._o with_o this_o difference_n that_o some_o among_o they_o have_v add_v that_o the_o bread_n upon_o which_o the_o shepherd_n pronounce_v the_o sacramental_a word_n be_v convert_v into_o flesh_n and_o as_o for_o they_o they_o be_v destroy_v by_o fire_n from_o heaven_n nevertheless_o they_o own_o as_o well_o as_o cassander_n in_o his_o treatise_n of_o liturgy_n that_o before_o that_o time_n these_o word_n be_v pronounce_v with_o a_o loud_a voice_n now_o let_v the_o reader_n judge_n if_o the_o latin_n have_v reason_n for_o a_o motive_n of_o this_o nature_n to_o abolish_v the_o ancient_a custom_n contrary_a to_o what_o be_v even_o unto_o this_o day_n practise_v among_o the_o greek_n the_o syrian_n the_o ethiopian_n the_o armenian_n the_o muscovite_n or_o russian_n which_o do_v all_o consecrate_v with_o a_o loud_a voice_n i_o know_v there_o have_v be_v some_o doctor_n of_o the_o latin_a church_n who_o to_o render_v more_o ancient_a the_o custom_n of_o consecrate_v with_o a_o low_a voice_n have_v have_v recourse_n unto_o the_o spiritual_a meadow_n of_o john_n moschus_n who_o live_v in_o the_o vii_o century_n it_o be_v true_a he_o relate_v two_o different_a history_n at_o least_o if_o they_o may_v be_v call_v history_n which_o be_v join_v together_o contain_v some_o circumstance_n which_o have_v a_o resemblance_n with_o what_o the_o forge_a alcuin_n have_v write_v and_o after_o he_o several_z other_o but_o in_o the_o main_a there_o be_v such_o notable_a difference_n betwixt_o what_o the_o pretend_a alcuin_n have_v write_v and_o what_o moschus_n do_v relate_v that_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o perceive_v that_o the_o latin_n have_v ground_v their_o decree_n upon_o the_o relation_n of_o the_o former_a rather_o than_o upon_o that_o of_o the_o latter_a although_o neither_o the_o one_o nor_o the_o other_o appear_v unto_o judicious_a person_n to_o be_v worthy_a of_o much_o credit_n chap._n viii_o of_o the_o oblation_n or_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o sacrifice_n if_o christian_n have_v do_v no_o more_o in_o the_o celebration_n of_o their_o sacrament_n than_o jesus_n christ_n have_v do_v in_o he_o the_o consecration_n of_o symbol_n have_v immediate_o be_v follow_v with_o the_o break_n of_o bread_n and_o so_o we_o shall_v have_v be_v oblige_v to_o have_v treat_v of_o the_o break_n of_o bread_n after_o have_v examine_v the_o form_n of_o consecration_n but_o because_o betwixt_o the_o consecration_n and_o the_o break_a bread_n which_o immediate_o follow_v they_o have_v in_o process_n of_o time_n bring_v in_o the_o oblation_n and_o elevation_n before_o we_o treat_v of_o the_o fraction_n we_o must_v consider_v these_o two_o other_o thing_n the_o former_a in_o this_o chapter_n and_o the_o other_o in_o that_o which_o next_o follow_v as_o our_o saviour_n after_o prayer_n and_o give_v thanks_o whereby_o he_o consecrate_v the_o sacrament_n proceed_v unto_o the_o break_n of_o bread_n and_o distribution_n there_o appear_v nothing_o in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o institution_n of_o any_o oblation_n or_o elevation_n betwixt_o the_o consecration_n and_o the_o break_n of_o the_o bread_n so_o the_o apostle_n who_o exact_o follow_v his_o example_n and_o precept_n certain_o fail_v not_o to_o do_v what_o he_o have_v do_v i_o mean_v to_o proceed_v unto_o the_o break_n the_o bread_n and_o the_o distribution_n of_o it_o immediate_o after_o have_v bless_v and_o sanctify_v it_o which_o simplicity_n be_v very_o please_v unto_o those_o who_o live_v in_o the_o follow_a age._n for_o justin_n martyr_n do_v testify_v that_o the_o consecration_n of_o the_o symbol_n be_v follow_v by_o the_o communion_n of_o believer_n which_o necessary_o presuppose_v the_o break_v the_o bread_n therefore_o he_o forbear_v express_v it_o at_o large_a but_o their_o successor_n think_v they_o ought_v to_o raise_v and_o advance_v the_o dignity_n of_o this_o mystery_n and_o to_o elevate_v the_o simplicity_n of_o it_o with_o divers_a ceremony_n to_o render_v it_o the_o more_o please_v unto_o the_o jew_n and_o pagan_n which_o they_o earnest_o desire_v to_o draw_v unto_o the_o communion_n of_o the_o gospel_n and_o of_o the_o knowledge_n of_o jesus_n christ_n join_v unto_o the_o consecration_n of_o symbol_n the_o oblation_n which_o they_o make_v unto_o god_n after_o they_o have_v be_v bless_v and_o sanctify_a oblation_n which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o sacrifice_n take_v the_o word_n in_o a_o large_a sense_n and_o by_o consequence_n a_o improper_a sense_n they_o judge_v of_o very_o great_a importance_n to_o work_v upon_o the_o jew_n and_o gentile_n because_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o be_v accustom_v unto_o outward_a sacrifice_n be_v exceed_o scandalize_v that_o the_o christian_n make_v use_v of_o none_o in_o their_o religion_n this_o appear_v by_o the_o calumny_n which_o they_o cast_v upon_o those_o who_o first_o undertake_v to_o defend_v the_o innocency_n of_o christianity_n against_o their_o reproach_n but_o the_o better_a to_o understand_v the_o nature_n of_o this_o oblation_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v there_o be_v three_o several_a sort_n to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o liturgy_n of_o christian_n the_o first_o the_o most_o ancient_a and_o that_o which_o be_v only_o in_o use_n in_o justin_n martyr_n time_n and_o afterward_o be_v the_o oblation_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n which_o the_o faithful_a make_v in_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o eucharist_n and_o which_o the_o minister_n offer_v unto_o god_n by_o prayer_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o all_o the_o liturgy_n that_o attribute_v unto_o st._n james_n shall_v serve_v at_o this_o time_n because_o the_o same_o in_o substance_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o all_o the_o rest_n there_o the_o pastor_n make_v this_o prayer_n unto_o god_n jacob._n liturg._n s._n jacob._n cast_v thy_o eye_n
to_o the_o scorn_n of_o the_o enemy_n of_o christianity_n and_o have_v give_v they_o occasion_n to_o have_v deride_v the_o holiness_n of_o our_o mystery_n i_o can_v add_v unto_o all_o that_o we_o have_v say_v in_o the_o first_o place_n the_o simplicity_n with_o which_o the_o primitive_a christian_n celebrate_v the_o sacrament_n as_o we_o shall_v perceive_v by_o justin_n martyr_n and_o the_o liturgy_n of_o the_o pretend_a dennis_n the_o areopagite_n for_o it_o be_v very_o like_a if_o they_o have_v believe_v that_o the_o sacrament_n be_v the_o real_a body_n of_o jesus_n christ_n they_o will_v have_v use_v more_o ceremony_n in_o the_o celebration_n second_o the_o form_n of_o consecration_n use_v in_o the_o ancient_a church_n as_o well_o in_o the_o east_n as_o the_o west_n by_o prayer_n invocation_n and_o give_v thanks_o as_o have_v be_v show_v in_o the_o seven_o chapter_n of_o the_o first_o part_n do_v show_v in_o all_o likelihood_n that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o substantial_a conversion_n be_v not_o believe_v because_o this_o conversion_n can_v not_o be_v make_v without_o the_o abolish_n the_o substance_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n and_o that_o prayer_n and_o benediction_n never_o destroy_v the_o creature_n moreover_o if_o what_o be_v consecrate_v be_v not_o holy_a before_o consecration_n as_o the_o holy_a father_n inform_v we_o in_o the_o same_o chapter_n this_o consecration_n can_v not_o happen_v unto_o jesus_n christ_n neither_o as_o god_n nor_o as_o man_n not_o as_o god_n for_o in_o this_o regard_n he_o be_v holiness_n itself_o not_o as_o man_n because_o in_o this_o regard_n he_o be_v ever_o holy_a beside_o if_o this_o consecration_n only_o retire_v the_o element_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n from_o their_o common_a natural_a use_n to_o employ_v they_o in_o a_o religious_a and_o holy_a use_n as_o they_o have_v also_o declare_v unto_o we_o it_o can_v be_v see_v that_o this_o effect_n of_o consecration_n can_v subsist_v with_o the_o ruin_n and_o abolishment_n of_o these_o element_n for_o the_o use_n of_o any_o thing_n be_v it_o profane_v or_o holy_a do_v always_o presuppose_v its_o truth_n and_o existency_n otherwise_o it_o be_v useless_a in_o religion_n and_o nature_n the_o latin_a church_n have_v also_o lay_v aside_o this_o form_n of_o consecration_n which_o she_o attribute_v some_o age_n past_a unto_o these_o word_n this_o be_v my_o body_n wise_o foresee_v that_o whilst_o consecration_n be_v make_v to_o depend_v upon_o prayer_n and_o give_v thanks_o the_o substantial_a conversion_n will_v scarce_o be_v believe_v i_o will_v end_v this_o chapter_n by_o another_o consideration_n draw_v from_o the_o reason_n and_o motive_n which_o oblige_v the_o holy_a father_n to_o give_v unto_o the_o sacrament_n the_o name_n of_o sacrifice_n according_a to_o the_o enquiry_n we_o make_v in_o chap._n viii_o of_o the_o first_o part_n where_o we_o have_v at_o large_a prove_v by_o their_o proper_a testimony_n that_o they_o have_v give_v it_o this_o title_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n which_o communicant_n present_v upon_o the_o holy_a table_n of_o the_o church_n for_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o oblation_n which_o be_v make_v unto_o god_n of_o this_o bread_n and_o wine_n at_o the_o instant_n of_o consecration_n and_o afterward_o moreover_o they_o also_o call_v it_o so_o because_o we_o there_o render_v thanks_o unto_o god_n for_o bestow_v upon_o we_o his_o well_o belove_a son_n so_o that_o it_o be_v a_o act_n of_o our_o thankfulness_n unto_o the_o father_n and_o the_o son_n for_o the_o admirable_a and_o ineffable_a benefit_n of_o his_o death_n because_o the_o sacrament_n serve_v we_o now_o instead_o of_o the_o legal_a sacrifice_n be_v our_o external_a worship_n under_o the_o dispensation_n of_o the_o gospel_n as_o sacrifice_n be_v that_o of_o the_o jew_n under_o the_o oeconomy_n of_o the_o law_n and_o in_o sine_fw-la because_o it_o be_v the_o memorial_n of_o the_o true_o propitiatory_a sacrifice_n of_o the_o cross_n these_o be_v the_o reason_n and_o motive_n of_o this_o name_n of_o sacrifice_n which_o the_o ancient_a doctor_n have_v give_v to_o the_o sacrament_n and_o which_o we_o have_v large_o insist_v upon_o in_o the_o beforementioned_a chapter_n the_o protestant_n hence_o infer_v two_o thing_n first_o that_o all_o these_o reason_n and_o motive_n remove_v from_o the_o mind_n of_o christian_n the_o idea_n of_o a_o real_a sacrifice_n and_o make_v they_o conceive_v that_o of_o a_o sacrifice_n improper_o so_o call_v thence_o it_o be_v that_o when_o the_o jew_n and_o pagan_n reproach_v they_o that_o they_o have_v neither_o altar_n nor_o sacrifice_n they_o free_o confess_v it_o show_v thereby_o that_o if_o they_o have_v give_v unto_o the_o eucharist_n the_o name_n of_o sacrifice_n and_o unto_o the_o holy_a table_n the_o name_n of_o altar_n it_o be_v but_o improper_o and_o by_o abuse_n of_o language_n thence_o also_o it_o be_v that_o when_o they_o instruct_v those_o within_o and_o that_o they_o teach_v they_o what_o have_v succeed_v unto_o the_o sacrifice_n of_o the_o law_n they_o content_v themselves_o to_o oppose_v unto_o the_o moysaicall_a sacrifice_n either_o the_o spiritual_a sacrifice_n which_o we_o offer_v unto_o god_n under_o the_o gospel_n or_o the_o sacrifice_n of_o the_o cross_n or_o both_o of_o they_o together_o and_o that_o there_o shall_v rest_v no_o scruple_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o people_n which_o they_o instruct_v touch_v the_o nature_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o sacrifice_n of_o the_o christian_a church_n they_o unanimous_o depose_v at_o all_o time_n and_o in_o all_o place_n that_o it_o be_v a_o oblation_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n it_o be_v also_o what_o they_o be_v induce_v to_o believe_v because_o there_o be_v but_o one_o altar_n or_o one_o eucharistical_a table_n in_o each_o church_n and_o that_o the_o sacrament_n be_v celebrate_v but_o once_o a_o day_n for_o have_v they_o consider_v the_o sacrament_n as_o a_o real_a sacrifice_n they_o can_v not_o have_v have_v too_o many_o altar_n nor_o too_o often_o offer_v the_o sacrifice_n because_o in_o the_o often_o do_v it_o there_o come_v the_o great_a benefit_n and_o comfort_n unto_o their_o soul_n it_o be_v also_o the_o instruction_n which_o they_o draw_v from_o believer_n be_v oblige_v to_o communicate_v and_o that_o those_o be_v make_v to_o depart_v out_o of_o the_o church_n which_o do_v not_o communicate_v in_o that_o they_o never_o celebrate_v the_o eucharist_n without_o communicant_n and_o that_o oblation_n be_v not_o receive_v but_o from_o those_o which_o be_v admit_v unto_o the_o holy_a sacrament_n why_o shall_v that_o be_v if_o it_o have_v be_v a_o real_a sacrifice_n see_v one_o might_n have_v assist_v with_o profit_n although_o one_o communicate_v not_o as_o be_v now_o practise_v in_o the_o latin_a church_n the_o second_o thing_n they_o infer_v be_v that_o see_v they_o have_v not_o look_v upon_o the_o eucharist_n as_o a_o propitiatory_a sacrifice_n for_o the_o sin_n of_o the_o quick_a and_o the_o dead_a they_o have_v look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o sacrament_n of_o communion_n only_o and_o a_o sacrament_n which_o be_v the_o memorial_n of_o jesus_n christ_n and_o of_o his_o death_n and_o where_o there_o be_v distribute_v unto_o the_o communicants_a bread_n and_o wine_n for_o a_o pledge_n of_o their_o salvation_n for_o therein_o be_v distribute_v what_o be_v there_o offer_v unto_o god_n after_o consecration_n now_o the_o holy_a father_n testify_v that_o there_o be_v offer_v unto_o god_n bread_n and_o wine_n gift_n and_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o first_o fruit_n of_o his_o creature_n food_n which_o he_o bestow_v upon_o we_o the_o same_o thing_n which_o melchizedeck_v offer_v the_o symbol_n and_o sacrament_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o jesus_n christ._n so_o it_o be_v they_o have_v formal_o express_v themselves_o in_o this_o eight_o chapter_n which_o i_o desire_v the_o reader_n to_o peruse_v over_o again_o to_o see_v if_o these_o two_o induction_n be_v lawful_a and_o natural_a chap._n vii_o continuation_n of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o holy_a father_n and_o the_o inference_n of_o protestant_n beside_o what_o have_v be_v hitherto_o say_v it_o be_v observe_v that_o there_o be_v certain_a occasion_n wherein_o the_o holy_a father_n shall_v have_v omit_v the_o name_n of_o figure_n antitype_n sacrament_n if_o they_o have_v believe_v that_o it_o have_v be_v the_o real_a body_n of_o christ_n himself_o nevertheless_o they_o have_v do_v the_o quite_o contrary_a for_o instance_n the_o author_n of_o apostolical_a constitution_n 26._o constit_fw-la apost_n l._n 7._o c._n 26._o give_v we_o a_o form_n of_o prayer_n and_o thanksgiving_n for_o the_o communion_n where_o he_o make_v the_o communicant_n say_v we_o give_v thou_o thanks_o o_o father_n for_o the_o precious_a blood_n of_o jesus_n christ_n which_o be_v shed_v for_o we_o and_o for_o his_o precious_a body_n whereof_o we_o
upon_o a_o serious_a and_o impartial_a debate_n it_o will_v not_o be_v attribute_v unto_o the_o difference_n of_o judgement_n it_o not_o be_v to_o be_v imagine_v that_o christian_n so_o good_a and_o zealous_a and_o fervent_a for_o the_o religion_n of_o jesus_n christ_n as_o those_o be_v of_o who_o we_o speak_v and_o have_v have_v the_o same_o belief_n of_o the_o sacrament_n that_o the_o latin_a church_n at_o this_o time_n have_v which_o for_o some_o time_n past_a do_v not_o suffer_v the_o use_n of_o glass-chalice_n that_o they_o have_v not_o at_o least_o use_v so_o much_o precaution_n as_o she_o do_v to_o consecrate_v and_o distribute_v the_o sacrament_n i_o mean_v they_o will_v have_v make_v it_o a_o scruple_n of_o conscience_n of_o put_v the_o body_n of_o their_o god_n and_o saviour_n in_o so_o brittle_a a_o thing_n as_o glass_n those_o which_o be_v so_o careful_a that_o none_o of_o the_o sacred_a symbol_n of_o their_o bread_n and_o wine_n shall_v fall_v to_o the_o ground_n the_o ancient_a christian_n give_v the_o eucharist_n to_o young_a suck_a child_n at_o the_o breast_n a_o custom_n which_o continue_v in_o the_o west_n until_o the_o xiith_o century_n and_o which_o be_v still_o practise_v in_o most_o christian_a communion_n except_v the_o roman_a catholic_n and_o the_o protestant_n how_o come_v it_o to_o pass_v this_o abuse_n be_v so_o long_o tolerate_v in_o the_o church_n if_o it_o have_v be_v always_o believe_v therein_o what_o the_o latin_n do_v believe_v at_o present_a who_o can_v just_o be_v blame_v by_o little_a and_o little_a to_o have_v abolish_v this_o custom_n one_o can_v not_o without_o horror_n see_v expose_v what_o be_v believe_v to_o be_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n unto_o the_o undecent_a and_o sad_a accident_n which_o oftentimes_o of_o necessity_n happen_v in_o communicate_v of_o young_a child_n those_o little_a creature_n be_v uncapable_a by_o reason_n of_o their_o tender_a age_n of_o receive_v the_o sacrament_n with_o respect_n which_o be_v due_a unto_o the_o body_n itself_o of_o jesus_n christ_n our_o redeemer_n but_o wherefore_o do_v the_o ancient_a church_n for_o so_o many_o age_n suffer_v such_o a_o abuse_n or_o at_o least_o have_v tolerate_v it_o some_o time_n wherefore_o have_v she_o not_o bethink_v herself_o of_o abolish_n it_o instead_o of_o let_v it_o take_v root_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o be_v it_o not_o so_o wise_a as_o the_o church_n at_o this_o time_n be_v have_v she_o less_o zeal_n less_o piety_n and_o less_o prudence_n have_v she_o less_o love_n for_o jesus_n christ_n or_o less_o veneration_n for_o his_o sacred_a person_n certain_o i_o suppose_v not_o this_o difference_n then_o of_o conduct_n can_v be_v ground_v upon_o any_o other_o reason_n but_o upon_o the_o difference_n of_o faith_n whilst_o christian_n believe_v that_o what_o they_o receive_v in_o the_o eucharist_n be_v bread_n and_o wine_n in_o substance_n but_o that_o at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o be_v also_o the_o divine_a sacrament_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n the_o reason_n which_o move_v they_o to_o give_v the_o eucharist_n unto_o young_a child_n make_v they_o pass_v by_o the_o indecency_n which_o may_v be_v fear_v on_o the_o behalf_n of_o these_o little_a creature_n but_o when_o the_o doctrine_n change_v in_o the_o west_n and_o that_o in_o the_o latin_a church_n they_o begin_v to_o say_v that_o it_o be_v the_o very_a body_n and_o blood_n of_o jesus_n christ_n this_o ancient_a custom_n be_v abolish_v it_o not_o agree_v well_o with_o their_o belief_n and_o indeed_o we_o see_v this_o abolition_n be_v make_v about_o the_o time_n when_o this_o notable_a change_n happen_v in_o their_o doctrine_n and_o because_o that_o in_o other_o christian_a communion_n there_o be_v no_o alteration_n happen_v by_o any_o public_a decree_n in_o the_o tradition_n of_o their_o father_n upon_o the_o subject_a of_o the_o sacrament_n they_o have_v innocent_o retain_v the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o give_v the_o sacrament_n unto_o little_a child_n i_o confess_v this_o practice_n be_v contrary_a to_o what_o st._n paul_n desire_v of_o communicant_n which_o be_v to_o examine_v themselves_o before_o they_o draw_v near_o unto_o the_o holy_a table_n of_o which_o proof_n little_a child_n be_v uncapable_a but_o as_o we_o do_v not_o here_o treat_v but_o only_o of_o what_o be_v do_v by_o the_o ancient_a christian_n and_o of_o what_o be_v still_o practise_v by_o several_a christian_a church_n and_o not_o of_o what_o ought_v to_o be_v do_v i_o will_v say_v no_o more_o of_o it_o refer_v the_o induction_n which_o the_o protestant_n draw_v from_o this_o practice_n unto_o the_o judgement_n of_o all_o reasonable_a person_n which_o will_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o read_v this_o history_n the_o communion_n under_o both_o kind_n be_v practise_v in_o the_o church_n until_o these_o last_o age_n wherein_o the_o latin_n deprive_v the_o people_n of_o the_o use_n of_o the_o sacred_a cup_n for_o as_o for_o all_o other_o christian_a society_n which_o hold_v not_o correspondence_n with_o she_o they_o retain_v the_o custom_n of_o administer_a the_o sacrament_n under_o both_o symbol_n although_o with_o some_o little_a difference_n the_o great_a ground_n of_o the_o latin_a church_n for_o so_o do_v be_v through_o fear_n of_o shed_v it_o but_o how_o come_v it_o to_o pass_v that_o this_o fear_n be_v so_o late_o creep_v into_o their_o thought_n whence_o be_v it_o that_o she_o herself_o practise_v the_o communion_n under_o both_o kind_n for_o above_o a_o thousand_o year_n without_o any_o body_n scruple_v it_o on_o the_o contrary_a when_o she_o begin_v to_o forbid_v the_o use_n of_o the_o cup_n unto_o the_o people_n by_o a_o decree_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o xvth_o century_n a_o great_a many_o person_n complain_v of_o it_o and_o whole_a country_n earnest_o desire_v it_o may_v be_v restore_v unto_o they_o wherefore_o do_v she_o so_o long_a time_n grant_v unto_o her_o people_n the_o communion_n under_o both_o symbol_n distinct_o be_v there_o then_o less_o cause_n of_o fear_n of_o shed_v than_o when_o they_o deprive_v they_o of_o this_o advantage_n particular_o at_o the_o time_n when_o in_o rome_n itself_o they_o use_v chalice_n of_o glass_n for_o it_o must_v be_v own_v that_o glass_n be_v a_o weak_a thing_n there_o be_v never_o great_a ground_n to_o fear_v spill_v than_o during_o the_o time_n those_o chalice_n be_v use_v yet_o nevertheless_o when_o there_o be_v most_o cause_n of_o this_o fear_n they_o suffer_v the_o people_n to_o participate_v of_o the_o cup_n of_o our_o lord_n as_o well_o as_o of_o his_o bread_n and_o when_o there_o be_v less_o danger_n glass-chalice_n be_v no_o long_o in_o use_n they_o be_v refuse_v it_o whence_o say_v they_o proceed_v such_o a_o notable_a change_n which_o can_v have_v no_o show_n of_o reason_n if_o the_o doctrine_n have_v not_o be_v alter_v but_o because_o wise_a and_o prudent_a person_n do_v not_o incline_v unto_o these_o sort_n of_o change_n without_o some_o powerful_a motive_n it_o must_v be_v free_o confess_v that_o no_o other_o can_v be_v find_v whatever_o scrutiny_n can_v be_v make_v but_o the_o change_n of_o belief_n and_o in_o truth_n say_v they_o again_o if_o this_o change_n be_v not_o presuppose_v it_o will_v be_v a_o very_a hard_a matter_n to_o forbear_v censure_v those_o of_o lightness_n which_o make_v it_o a_o change_n i_o say_v of_o the_o nature_n that_o be_v of_o and_o in_o a_o thing_n which_o be_v ground_v upon_o the_o authority_n of_o christ_n himself_o and_o the_o constant_a practice_n of_o so_o many_o age_n whereas_o if_o the_o prohibit_v the_o cup_n be_v consider_v as_o a_o consequence_n of_o this_o change_n it_o will_v not_o be_v hard_a to_o conceive_v that_o the_o fear_v of_o shed_v the_o real_a blood_n of_o the_o son_n of_o god_n oblige_v they_o to_o forbid_v unto_o the_o people_n the_o use_n of_o the_o holy_a cup_n rather_o choose_v to_o deprive_v they_o of_o this_o comfort_n and_o consolation_n than_o to_o fall_v into_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o some_o negligent_a spill_n of_o the_o substance_n itself_o of_o the_o blood_n of_o their_o divine_a saviour_n a_o fear_n which_o have_v not_o seize_v the_o other_o christian_a communion_n because_o they_o have_v not_o practise_v any_o innovation_n in_o this_o particular_a or_o that_o at_o least_o there_o have_v not_o any_o be_v make_v by_o any_o public_a determination_n in_o the_o ancient_a church_n the_o eucharist_n be_v deliver_v into_o the_o communicants_a hand_n who_o with_o the_o hand_n put_v it_o into_o their_o mouth_n as_o have_v be_v prove_v and_o we_o may_v produce_v example_n of_o this_o practice_n in_o the_o xiith_o century_n in_o flanders_n at_o this_o time_n in_o the_o latin_a church_n it_o be_v put_v direct_o into_o the_o communicants_a mouth_n unto_o who_o it_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o receive_v it_o
any_o magic_a or_o enchantment_n do_v what_o he_o pretend_v to_o do_v by_o the_o help_n of_o his_o sorcery_n in_o cast_v a_o mist_n before_o the_o eye_n of_o those_o that_o be_v present_a and_o that_o by_o pronounce_v of_o these_o word_n this_o be_v my_o body_n this_o be_v my_o blood_n they_o change_v the_o wine_n of_o the_o cup_n into_o the_o very_a blood_n of_o the_o god_n which_o they_o adore_v nevertheless_o st._n irencus_fw-la nor_o st._n epiphanius_n which_o have_v narrow_o enough_o examine_v the_o heresy_n of_o this_o deceiver_n and_o all_o that_o he_o do_v in_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o mystery_n nor_o any_o one_o else_o that_o i_o hear_v of_o have_v not_o make_v he_o this_o objection_n to_o expose_v unto_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n the_o folly_n of_o his_o enterprise_n which_o show_v as_o the_o protestant_n say_v that_o the_o orthodox_n christian_n do_v not_o then_o believe_v that_o what_o be_v in_o the_o consecrate_a cup_n be_v the_o real_a blood_n of_o jesus_n christ_n in_o the_o same_o chapter_n of_o the_o first_o part_n we_o mention_v the_o ascodrute_n or_o ascodrupite_n which_o reject_v both_o baptism_n and_o the_o eucharist_n say_v that_o invisible_a thing_n shall_v not_o be_v represent_v by_o visible_a thing_n nor_o incorporeal_a thing_n by_o sensible_a and_o corporal_a and_o that_o image_n and_o figure_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v make_v upon_o earth_n how_o can_v the_o holy_a father_n grapple_v with_o these_o heretic_n or_o condemn_v as_o a_o heresy_n that_o which_o they_o teach_v that_o the_o symbol_n of_o spiritual_a and_o heavenly_a thing_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v sensible_a nor_o corporal_a if_o catholic_n have_v not_o in_o their_o sacrament_n symbol_n of_o this_o nature_n for_o it_o will_v have_v be_v unjust_a to_o condemn_v that_o for_o a_o heresy_n in_o other_o which_o we_o believe_v and_o approve_v ourselves_o or_o how_o shall_v these_o heretic_n have_v abstain_v from_o the_o celebration_n of_o baptism_n and_o the_o eucharist_n if_o the_o orthodox_n have_v believe_v with_o they_o that_o there_o be_v nothing_o sensible_a nor_o corporal_a in_o the_o one_o nor_o the_o other_o of_o these_o two_o sacrament_n for_o what_o make_v they_o lay_v aside_o these_o sacrament_n be_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o symbol_n which_o be_v corporal_a and_o visible_a and_o as_o the_o same_o reason_n which_o make_v they_o deny_v baptism_n make_v they_o also_o reject_v the_o celebration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n this_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o they_o do_v not_o find_v the_o bread_n and_o wine_n of_o this_o sacrament_n no_o less_o visible_a and_o corporal_a than_o the_o water_n of_o the_o other_o so_o that_o the_o holy_a father_n oppose_v their_o heresy_n refute_v it_o alike_o both_o for_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o sacrament_n and_o in_o dispute_v against_o it_o they_o own_o that_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o symbol_n be_v sensible_a and_o visible_a in_o both_o for_o in_o this_o respect_n they_o make_v no_o distinction_n betwixt_o baptism_n and_o the_o eucharist_n this_o be_v the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o protestant_n as_o touch_v the_o silence_n of_o heretic_n it_o be_v almost_o of_o the_o same_o force_n with_o that_o of_o the_o gentile_n because_o the_o same_o truth_n which_o be_v the_o object_n of_o the_o scorn_n and_o contempt_n of_o pagan_n be_v also_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o slander_n and_o contradiction_n of_o heretic_n some_o whereof_o deny_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o human_a nature_n of_o jesus_n christ_n as_o martion_n and_o several_a other_o which_o attribute_v unto_o he_o a_o imaginary_a body_n a_o shadow_n and_o figure_n of_o a_o body_n teach_v that_o the_o son_n of_o god_n do_v not_o become_v man_n and_o that_o he_o manifest_v himself_o unto_o man_n only_o in_o a_o false_a shape_n not_o have_v a_o true_a body_n but_o one_o in_o show_v other_o have_v deny_v his_o divinity_n as_o ebion_n cerinthus_n artemon_n and_o other_o which_o maintain_v that_o our_o jesus_n be_v not_o god_n but_o man_n only_o and_o that_o he_o do_v not_o begin_v to_o be_v but_o when_o he_o be_v bear_v of_o the_o holy_a virgin_n two_o mystery_n which_o we_o have_v see_v whereof_o the_o jew_n and_o pagan_n both_o make_v light_n the_o cross_n of_o christ_n which_o be_v the_o stumble_a block_n of_o the_o jew_n and_o the_o scorn_n of_o the_o heathen_a be_v also_o contradict_v by_o heretic_n who_o be_v not_o ashamed_a to_o say_v that_o jesus_n christ_n have_v not_o true_o suffer_v but_o that_o he_o either_o put_v another_o man_n in_o his_o stead_n or_o avoid_v the_o fury_n of_o those_o which_o crucify_v he_o by_o this_o seem_a body_n wherewith_o they_o say_v he_o be_v invest_v *_o the_o resurrection_n of_o the_o body_n which_o be_v esteem_v a_o story_n and_o fable_n by_o the_o gentile_n also_o offend_v exceed_o some_o heretic_n as_o the_o gnostic_n the_o marcionite_n and_o some_o other_o and_o to_o speak_v in_o a_o word_n there_o be_v scarce_o any_o one_o article_n of_o our_o faith_n which_o in_o the_o first_o age_n of_o christianity_n be_v not_o traverse_v by_o some_o heresy_n or_o that_o meet_v not_o with_o some_o contradiction_n among_o christian_n themselves_o what_o likelihood_n then_o say_v they_o be_v there_o that_o if_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o substantial_a conversion_n and_o all_o the_o consequence_n which_o necessary_o depend_v of_o it_o have_v be_v teach_v by_o christian_n and_o receive_v into_o the_o article_n of_o their_o faith_n but_o it_o will_v have_v receive_v some_o attempt_n by_o heretic_n who_o not_o have_v disow_v the_o use_n of_o their_o sense_n nor_o of_o their_o reason_n can_v not_o choose_v as_o they_o think_v but_o have_v dispute_v against_o they_o especial_o when_o they_o shall_v have_v consider_v that_o they_o will_v have_v deny_v the_o testimony_n of_o their_o sense_n and_o the_o clear_a light_n of_o their_o reason_n nevertheless_o we_o can_v find_v in_o any_o monument_n of_o the_o ancient_a doctor_n of_o the_o church_n that_o the_o heretic_n ever_o contest_v with_o the_o catholic_n and_o orthodox_n upon_o the_o point_n of_o the_o eucharist_n it_o be_v indeed_o true_a that_o some_o reject_v the_o celebration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n though_o upon_o different_a motive_n but_o that_o they_o charge_v the_o church_n touch_v the_o substantial_a conversion_n of_o the_o symbol_n of_o the_o eucharist_n into_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n there_o be_v not_o one_o to_o be_v find_v especial_o of_o those_o which_o have_v own_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o human_a nature_n of_o the_o son_n of_o god_n at_o least_o no_o such_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o their_o write_n nor_o in_o the_o divers_a catalogue_n of_o heresy_n that_o still_o remain_v nor_o in_o the_o polemical_a write_n of_o the_o holy_a doctor_n against_o heretic_n for_o as_o for_o those_o mention_v by_o the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n unto_o those_o of_o smyrna_n under_o the_o name_n of_o st._n ignatius_n of_o who_o we_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o three_o chapter_n of_o the_o first_o part_n beside_o it_o be_v very_o uncertain_a if_o there_o be_v ever_o any_o such_o they_o deny_v the_o mystery_n of_o the_o incarnation_n and_o do_v not_o confess_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o humanity_n of_o jesus_n christ_n they_o reject_v the_o sacrament_n the_o celebration_n whereof_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o confess_v and_o own_v the_o truth_n of_o his_o human_a nature_n but_o neither_o they_o nor_o any_o other_o have_v complain_v against_o the_o belief_n of_o the_o church_n upon_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o sacrament_n they_o have_v not_o arm_v against_o she_o nor_o have_v separate_v from_o her_o communion_n upon_o account_n of_o this_o divine_a mystery_n neither_o do_v the_o church_n ever_o thunder_v out_o anathema_n nor_o excommunication_n upon_o this_o subject_a from_o whence_o say_v some_o proceed_v so_o universal_a a_o silence_n and_o so_o great_a tranquillity_n upon_o so_o important_a a_o article_n which_o since_o paschas_fw-la his_o time_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o ixth_o century_n have_v suffer_v such_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o contradiction_n in_o the_o west_n for_o this_o friar_n of_o corby_n no_o soon_o publish_v his_o opinion_n but_o there_o oppose_v against_o he_o all_o the_o learned_a man_n of_o that_o age_n and_o it_o will_v appear_v in_o the_o course_n of_o this_o treatise_n that_o ever_o since_o that_o time_n the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o real_a presence_n have_v never_o be_v without_o a_o great_a many_o opposer_n and_o adversary_n which_o for_o that_o reason_n have_v be_v excommunicate_v and_o esteem_v heretic_n by_o the_o latin_a church_n when_o i_o make_v this_o reflection_n in_o myself_o say_v the_o protestant_n that_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n have_v be_v at_o all_o time_n much_o of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o temper_n and_o be_v ever_o almost_o of_o the_o same_o disposition_n and_o that_o beside_o the_o
on_o paschas_fw-la his_o side_n i_o know_v not_o precise_o the_o time_n that_o he_o live_v although_o it_o be_v very_o probable_a it_o be_v either_o at_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o ix_o century_n or_o it_o may_v be_v in_o the_o x._o but_o i_o know_v he_o be_v not_o a_o stout_a champion_n and_o that_o his_o courage_n be_v not_o able_a to_o restore_v paschas_fw-la his_o party_n if_o they_o have_v the_o fortune_n to_o be_v worsted_n unto_o this_o day_n the_o name_n and_o quality_n of_o this_o proselyte_n be_v not_o know_v as_o also_o it_o be_v not_o know_v who_o or_o what_o frudegard_n be_v if_o it_o be_v not_o infer_v by_o paschas_fw-la call_v he_o brother_n and_o fellow-soldier_n that_o he_o be_v either_o a_o friar_n or_o abbot_n of_o some_o monastery_n as_o for_o hinâ—mar_n archbishop_n of_o rheims_n incomparable_o better_o know_v than_o our_o anonymous_n and_o more_o famous_a than_o frudegard_n by_o his_o dignity_n and_o write_n i_o find_v myself_o a_o little_a at_o a_o loss_n for_o when_o i_o consider_v that_o he_o say_v with_o st._n cyprian_a and_o st._n austin_n 1._o 1_o hinem._n the_o proed_a c._n 3._o epilogi_fw-la c._n 1._o that_o our_o saviour_n recommend_v his_o body_n and_o blood_n in_o thing_n that_o be_v reduce_v into_o one_o 48._o 2_o id._n ibid._n &_o the_o cavend_n viriis_fw-la c._n 12._o &_o ad_fw-la hincm_n laud._n c._n 48._o that_o he_o reserve_v with_o st._n austin_n and_o st._n prosper_n the_o eat_n of_o the_o flesh_n of_o christ_n for_o believer_n only_o 17._o 3_o id_fw-la de_fw-la non_fw-la trina_fw-la deitate_fw-la c._n 17._o that_o he_o declare_v with_o the_o former_a that_o the_o mystery_n of_o bread_n pass_v into_o a_o sacrament_n 11._o 4_o id._n the_o caven_n vit_fw-mi c._n 11._o and_o that_o he_o acknowledge_v with_o other_o that_o our_o saviour_n have_v leave_v we_o the_o sacrament_n as_o a_o pledge_n of_o his_o love_n and_o as_o a_o memorial_n of_o his_o person_n and_o of_o his_o death_n as_o a_o man_n travel_v into_o a_o far_a country_n shall_v leave_v a_o pledge_n unto_o his_o friend_n i_o can_v tell_v if_o i_o shall_v make_v he_o a_o friend_n of_o paschas_fw-la who_o doctrine_n do_v not_o agree_v well_o with_o what_o we_o have_v now_o mention_v but_o when_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n i_o find_v in_o his_o write_n some_o thing_n which_o seem_v to_o favour_v the_o same_o paschas_fw-la i_o can_v tell_v how_o to_o make_v he_o his_o adversary_n 12._o id._n the_o cavend_n vit_fw-mi c._n 12._o for_o example_n what_o he_o say_v that_o jesus_n christ_n be_v every_o day_n consecrate_v upon_o his_o table_n that_o he_o sanctify_v his_o sacrament_n and_o that_o he_o make_v himself_o 31._o id._n the_o prade_a â—_o 31._o and_o that_o he_o observe_v that_o prudens_fw-la bishop_n of_o trois_fw-fr and_o john_n scot_n or_o of_o scotland_n or_o rather_o of_o ireland_n say_v that_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o altar_n be_v not_o the_o real_a body_n and_o blood_n of_o our_o lord_n but_o only_o the_o memorial_n of_o his_o true_a body_n and_o blood_n let_v the_o reader_n than_o place_n hincmar_n either_o among_o the_o enemy_n of_o paschas_fw-la or_o among_o his_o friend_n for_o my_o part_n i_o be_o very_o apt_a to_o believe_v that_o he_o be_v of_o his_o favourer_n i_o mean_v that_o he_o follow_v his_o opinion_n in_o the_o point_n of_o the_o eucharist_n which_o yet_o i_o do_v not_o affirm_v as_o a_o thing_n indubitable_a and_o which_o may_v not_o be_v question_v i_o will_v only_o say_v that_o i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o he_o be_v of_o any_o extraordinary_a esteem_n for_o if_o we_o believe_v father_n sirmond_n who_o otherwise_o be_v no_o enemy_n unto_o he_o archbishop_n hincmar_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v deceive_v himself_o 5._o sirm._n de_fw-fr duob_fw-la diony_n c._n 4._o mauguin_n hist_o chron._n p._n 442._o apolog._n pour_fw-fr les_fw-fr saint_n peres_n l._n 5._o p._n 3._o c._n 5._o and_o to_o deceive_v other_o if_o we_o believe_v monsieur_n the_o precedent_n mauguin_n he_o call_v he_o a_o deceiver_n and_o a_o dissembler_n and_o if_o we_o will_v give_v credit_n unto_o the_o description_n that_o be_v make_v of_o he_o in_o the_o apology_n of_o the_o holy_a father_n defender_n of_o free_a will_n we_o shall_v find_v he_o to_o be_v both_o violent_a and_o ignorant_a a_o deceiver_n scandalous_a and_o malicious_a a_o calumniator_n and_o a_o man_n full_a of_o vanity_n these_o be_v the_o colour_n wherein_o he_o be_v display_v in_o that_o excellent_a work_n beside_o several_a other_o which_o i_o pass_v over_o in_o silence_n so_o that_o if_o hincmar_n be_v such_o a_o person_n as_o these_o gentleman_n describe_v he_o to_o be_v i_o do_v not_o think_v he_o will_v render_v the_o party_n very_o considerable_a in_o which_o side_n soever_o he_o be_v place_v yet_o he_o can_v be_v deny_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o ancient_a canon_n if_o i_o mistake_v not_o wherein_o he_o be_v better_o skilled_a than_o in_o that_o which_o be_v dogmatical_a and_o relate_v unto_o divinity_n in_o the_o main_a see_v here_o two_o follower_n of_o paschas_fw-la one_o of_o which_o to_o wit_n the_o anonymous_n declare_v himself_o direct_o for_o he_o and_o the_o other_o i_o mean_v hincmar_n though_o he_o make_v not_o so_o formal_a a_o declaration_n do_v nevertheless_o in_o all_o probability_n follow_v his_o step_n but_o in_o fine_a they_o be_v the_o only_a two_o which_o i_o can_v find_v to_o be_v of_o the_o belief_n of_o paschas_fw-la in_o the_o ix_o century_n if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o anonimous_a write_v in_o that_o century_n whereas_o if_o he_o write_v after_o as_o father_n cellot_n incline_v to_o think_v he_o do_v all_o the_o strength_n of_o this_o friar_n and_o afterward_o abbot_n of_o corby_n will_v consist_v in_o himself_o and_o hincmar_n in_o the_o uncertainty_n we_o be_v in_o whether_o st._n austin_n or_o paschas_fw-la prevail_v over_o frudegard_n as_o for_o the_o author_n of_o the_o commentary_n upon_o st._n paul_n epistle_n which_o some_o attribute_n unto_o haymon_n bishop_n of_o alberstadt_n 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of_o his_o person_n 10._o remig._n altiss_n comment_n in_fw-ge â—_o ad_fw-la corin._n c._n 10._o and_o the_o bread_n which_o be_v consecrate_a in_o the_o church_n be_v one_o body_n of_o jesus_n christ_n for_o as_o this_o flesh_n be_v the_o body_n of_o jesus_n christ_n so_o also_o this_o bread_n pass_v into_o the_o body_n of_o jesus_n christ_n and_o they_o be_v not_o two_o body_n but_o one_o body_n for_o the_o fullness_n of_o the_o godhead_n which_o be_v in_o that_o body_n fill_v also_o this_o bread_n and_o the_o same_o godhead_n of_o the_o son_n which_o be_v in_o they_o fill_v the_o body_n of_o jesus_n christ_n which_o be_v consecrate_a by_o the_o ministry_n of_o several_a priest_n throughout_o the_o world_n and_o cause_v that_o it_o be_v one_o sole_a body_n of_o
time_n the_o utter_a ruin_n of_o it_o there_o be_v no_o likelihood_n that_o be_v so_o powerful_o oppose_v as_o it_o be_v it_o shall_v ever_o do_v any_o harm_n whereas_o shall_v they_o have_v set_v about_o censure_v and_o condemn_v it_o public_o it_o may_v be_v fear_v lest_o it_o may_v recover_v strength_n because_o it_o be_v often_o see_v that_o person_n grow_v stubborn_a against_o reproof_n and_o more_o earnest_o desire_v the_o thing_n that_o be_v forbid_v use_v their_o utmost_a skill_n and_o power_n to_o obtain_v the_o enjoyment_n these_o as_o be_v suppose_v be_v the_o reason_n and_o motive_n of_o the_o conduct_n of_o these_o two_o pope_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o opinion_n of_o paschas_fw-la in_o not_o condemn_v he_o public_o although_o they_o do_v not_o also_o approve_v of_o he_o but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o of_o the_o other_o opinion_n for_o they_o plain_o do_v see_v that_o the_o belief_n of_o the_o enemy_n of_o paschas_fw-la be_v a_o belief_n public_o receive_v by_o all_o the_o world_n in_o france_n in_o germany_n in_o england_n and_o elsewhere_o and_o moreover_o approve_v by_o the_o most_o learned_a man_n of_o the_o age_n public_o vindicate_v by_o write_n support_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o most_o eminent_a prince_n and_o prelate_n they_o can_v not_o then_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o danger_n the_o church_n be_v in_o if_o this_o belief_n be_v not_o catholic_n nor_o this_o doctrine_n orthodox_n and_o not_o be_v ignorant_a of_o it_o it_o have_v be_v charity_n and_o the_o duty_n also_o of_o nicholas_n and_o adrian_n to_o have_v take_v notice_n of_o it_o and_o to_o have_v redress_v it_o for_o the_o case_n be_v not_o of_o two_o or_o three_o friar_n which_o paschas_fw-la have_v draw_v unto_o his_o opinion_n but_o of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o west_n which_o be_v overspread_v with_o the_o opinion_n of_o his_o adversary_n have_v it_o be_v a_o heretical_a and_o heterodox_n opinion_n and_o a_o doctrine_n contrary_n unto_o the_o faith_n of_o the_o 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most_o certain_a they_o do_v no_o such_o thing_n be_v it_o not_o then_o a_o manifest_a sign_n that_o they_o themselves_o be_v of_o this_o belief_n and_o that_o they_o acknowledge_v that_o this_o doctrine_n be_v the_o very_a same_o whereof_o the_o church_n have_v ever_o be_v in_o peaceable_a possession_n until_o paschas_fw-la come_v to_o disturb_v she_o in_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o her_o paternal_a inheritance_n these_o be_v the_o inference_n make_v by_o protestant_n from_o the_o silence_n of_o these_o two_o pope_n they_o say_v the_o thing_n will_v appear_v yet_o plain_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o temper_n of_o nicholas_n the_o first_o and_o the_o occasion_n he_o have_v as_o also_o adrian_n the_o second_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o adversary_n of_o paschas_fw-la nicholas_n the_o first_o be_v a_o learned_a man_n for_o that_o age_n a_o dare_a and_o undertake_v man_n who_o very_o much_o advance_v the_o dignity_n of_o his_o see_n unto_o the_o prejudice_n of_o other_o church_n france_n feel_v the_o effect_n of_o his_o policy_n and_o power_n in_o that_o he_o obtain_v the_o right_n of_o assemble_v council_n which_o the_o king_n be_v wont_a to_o do_v before_o that_o he_o give_v a_o very_a great_a assault_n unto_o the_o little_a power_n that_o its_o prelate_n have_v remain_v and_o that_o he_o begin_v to_o make_v they_o receive_v the_o decretal_n of_o the_o first_o pope_n which_o have_v be_v forge_v by_o some_o impostor_n about_o the_o time_n of_o charlemagne_n it_o be_v only_o necessary_a to_o read_v what_o the_o late_a mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr marca_n have_v say_v in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o gallican_n church_n 23._o marca_n de_fw-fr concord_n l._n 3._o c._n 5_o 6._o &_o l._n 6._o c._n 28._o &_o l._n 7._o c._n 23._o to_o see_v what_o kind_n of_o a_o person_n nicholas_n the_o first_o be_v and_o what_o attempt_v he_o make_v against_o the_o prelate_n of_o france_n and_o their_o synod_n nevertheless_o i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o ever_o he_o touch_v the_o point_n of_o the_o eucharist_n although_o he_o have_v occasion_n either_o to_o have_v reprove_v their_o shameful_a compliance_n or_o their_o error_n for_o example_n in_o the_o difference_n he_o have_v with_o the_o bishop_n of_o france_n first_o upon_o account_n of_o walfad_n and_o some_o other_o clerk_n which_o have_v be_v establish_v by_o ebbo_n archbishop_n of_o rheims_n after_o his_o deposition_n and_o re-establishment_n which_o be_v no_o way_n canonical_a and_o who_o ordination_n be_v esteem_v void_a in_o a_o council_n of_o soissons_fw-fr in_o the_o year_n 853._o and_o second_o upon_o the_o subject_a of_o rothard_n bishop_n of_o soissons_fw-fr who_o have_v be_v depose_v by_o the_o french_a prelate_n nicholas_n inform_v himself_o of_o both_o these_o matter_n and_o force_v our_o bishop_n to_o comply_v with_o his_o desire_n even_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o their_o liberty_n and_o of_o their_o remain_a authority_n as_o those_o know_v very_o well_o that_o have_v any_o knowledge_n of_o the_o history_n of_o those_o time_n without_o recite_v here_o the_o particularity_n of_o it_o it_o need_v only_o be_v say_v that_o if_o the_o belief_n of_o nicholas_n upon_o the_o point_n of_o the_o sacrament_n have_v be_v different_a from_o that_o of_o the_o adversary_n of_o paschas_fw-la it_o be_v likely_a that_o these_o two_o conjuncture_n of_o matter_n have_v offer_v he_o two_o fair_a occasion_n of_o reproach_v they_o that_o as_o they_o make_v no_o difficulty_n of_o break_v the_o canon_n in_o depose_v of_o clerk_n and_o bishop_n for_o they_o think_v so_o otherwise_o he_o can_v have_v have_v no_o pretext_n for_o re-establish_a of_o they_o so_o also_o they_o fear_v not_o violate_v the_o rule_n of_o faith_n in_o so_o important_a a_o point_n as_o be_v that_o of_o the_o sacrament_n either_o in_o embrace_v themselves_o a_o new_a belief_n or_o in_o suffer_v it_o to_o get_v ground_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o ancient_a doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n which_o paschas_fw-la have_v clear_o explain_v be_v it_o likely_a that_o pope_n nicholas_n who_o be_v a_o very_a learned_a politic_a and_o prudent_a man_n shall_v have_v forget_v to_o have_v make_v they_o this_o reproach_n in_o the_o difference_n he_o have_v with_o they_o thereby_o to_o have_v load_v they_o with_o shame_n and_o with_o the_o more_o plausible_a show_n of_o justice_n to_o have_v deprive_v they_o of_o their_o right_n and_o privilege_n in_o show_v unto_o all_o the_o world_n that_o they_o have_v make_v themselves_o unworthy_a of_o they_o because_o they_o see_v the_o ancient_a faith_n of_o christian_n ruin_v without_o make_v any_o opposition_n by_o the_o establish_n of_o a_o new_a doctrine_n which_o insinuate_v itself_o into_o the_o mind_n of_o all_o man_n and_o which_o be_v already_o general_o receive_v in_o all_o place_n it_o can_v be_v believe_v nicholas_n will_v have_v be_v silent_a in_o these_o occasion_n if_o the_o opinion_n of_o paschas_fw-la have_v be_v the_o first_o belief_n of_o the_o church_n and_o that_o of_o his_o adversary_n a_o new_a opinion_n which_o they_o endeavour_v to_o settle_v in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o old_a moreover_o we_o have_v make_v appear_v in_o the_o precedent_a chapter_n that_o heribold_n bishop_n of_o auxerr_n be_v principal_a chaplain_n unto_o charles_n the_o bald_a that_o he_o can_v not_o be_v so_o without_o the_o consent_n not_o only_o of_o the_o synod_n but_o also_o of_o the_o pope_n that_o be_v either_o of_o nicholas_n the_o first_o or_o of_o adrian_n the_o second_o for_o in_o all_o likelihood_n it_o must_v have_v be_v under_o one_o or_o the_o other_o of_o they_o and_o in_o fine_a that_o he_o have_v a_o opinion_n contrary_a unto_o paschas_fw-la upon_o the_o subject_a of_o the_o eucharist_n and_o agreeable_a unto_o that_o of_o the_o protestant_n be_v it_o probable_a say_v some_o that_o nicholas_n or_o adrian_n will_v have_v suffer_v charles_n
the_o weakness_n and_o ignorance_n of_o those_o which_o do_v it_o st._n jerom_n disciple_n of_o gregory_n nazianzen_n who_o depart_v this_o life_n anno_fw-la 420._o declare_v himself_o so_o full_o on_o this_o matter_n that_o he_o leave_v we_o no_o difficulty_n therein_o for_o write_v against_o vigilantius_n 3._o tom._n 2._o advers._fw-la vigilant_a c._n 3._o priest_n of_o barcelona_n who_o approve_v not_o this_o custom_n he_o say_v among_o other_o thing_n we_o do_v not_o light_a flambeau_n at_o noonday_n as_o you_o do_v malicious_o accuse_v we_o but_o it_o be_v only_o do_v by_o this_o mean_n to_o supply_v the_o darkness_n of_o the_o night_n and_o to_o watch_v by_o the_o assistance_n and_o favour_n of_o the_o light_n to_o the_o end_n we_o shall_v not_o sleep_v with_o you_o in_o darkness_n but_o if_o any_o do_v it_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o martyr_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o ignorance_n and_o simplicity_n of_o lay_v person_n or_o indeed_o of_o some_o devout_a woman_n of_o who_o it_o may_v true_o be_v say_v i_o confess_v they_o have_v a_o zeal_n for_o god_n but_o not_o according_a to_o knowledge_n what_o prejudice_n be_v all_o this_o unto_o you_o and_o because_o vigilantius_n charge_v such_o people_n with_o idolatry_n st._n jerom_n to_o excuse_v they_o sheweth_z that_o there_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o difference_n betwixt_o what_o the_o pagan_n do_v and_o what_o be_v practise_v by_o these_o christian_n ibid._n ibid._n that_o say_v he_o be_v do_v unto_o idol_n therefore_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v have_v in_o detestation_n but_o this_o be_v do_v unto_o martyr_n therefore_o it_o may_v be_v allow_v for_o in_o all_o the_o eastern_a church_n beside_o the_o relic_n of_o martyr_n when_o the_o gospel_n be_v to_o be_v read_v light_n be_v set_v up_o in_o day_n time_n not_o to_o dissipate_v darkness_n but_o for_o a_o expression_n and_o sign_n of_o joy_n it_o must_v then_o be_v grant_v that_o the_o practice_n of_o light_n and_o flambeau_n begin_v not_o to_o be_v introduce_v into_o the_o worship_n of_o christian_n until_o the_o v._o century_n and_o not_o then_o neither_o into_o the_o whole_a church_n universal_o but_o only_o in_o the_o eastern_a church_n when_o they_o go_v about_o read_v the_o gospel_n which_o some_o do_v for_o the_o honour_n of_o martyr_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o a_o ignorant_a devotion_n and_o destitute_a of_o true_a knowledge_n according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o st._n jerom_n and_o the_o exhortation_n direct_v by_o st._n chrysostom_n unto_o his_o auditor_n in_o the_o place_n abovesaid_a of_o cross_v the_o sea_n with_o flambeau_n to_o go_v to_o the_o sepulchre_n of_o the_o martyr_n phocas_n tend_v only_o to_o express_v their_o holy_a joy_n for_o the_o advantage_n they_o have_v of_o possess_v the_o relic_n of_o this_o martyr_n which_o have_v be_v transport_v from_o synopius_n unto_o constantinople_n but_o after_o all_o it_o appear_v by_o st._n jerom_n discourse_n that_o those_o of_o the_o west_n have_v not_o yet_o admit_v of_o this_o ceremony_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o practise_v neither_o in_o the_o eastern_a church_n but_o at_o the_o time_n of_o read_v the_o gospel_n erasmus_n make_v this_o annotation_n upon_o the_o passage_n of_o st._n jerom_n it_o seem_v st._n jerom_n believe_v it_o be_v a_o superstitious_a thing_n to_o light_a flambeau_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o saint_n and_o that_o none_o shall_v be_v use_v but_o for_o the_o convenience_n of_o such_o as_o be_v to_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o night_n season_n whereas_o at_o this_o time_n the_o principal_a part_n of_o worship_n be_v make_v to_o consist_v in_o the_o light_n but_o it_o appear_v this_o custom_n be_v tolerate_v in_o that_o age_n rather_o than_o approve_v time_n change_v many_o thing_n in_o fine_a we_o do_v not_o find_v any_o mention_n of_o it_o in_o the_o liturgy_n which_o go_v under_o the_o name_n of_o st._n peter_n st._n james_n and_o st._n mark_n nor_o even_o in_o that_o attribute_v unto_o st._n basil_n but_o only_o in_o that_o of_o st._n chrysostom_n that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o that_o common_o attribute_v unto_o he_o but_o which_o can_v be_v his_o but_o of_o some_o author_n much_o late_a than_o that_o golden_a tongue_n of_o the_o ancient_a church_n or_o if_o refer_v it_o unto_o st._n chrysostom_n it_o may_v not_o true_o be_v say_v that_o it_o have_v receive_v great_a change_n and_o alteration_n in_o the_o number_n of_o which_o may_v well_o be_v put_v the_o place_n where_o there_o be_v mention_v make_v of_o candle_n and_o flambeau_n which_o yet_o i_o will_v not_o positive_o affirm_v be_v very_o probable_a this_o custom_n be_v introduce_v by_o degree_n into_o the_o church_n after_o st._n jerom_n time_n 103._o act._n 5._o t._n 4._o council_n pag._n 102._o &_o 103._o who_o die_v 13_o year_n after_o st._n chrysostom_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o in_o the_o council_n of_o constantinople_n under_o agapet_n and_o menna_n anno_fw-la 536._o candle_n be_v join_v unto_o the_o incense_n and_o perfume_n for_o the_o public_a prayer_n which_o be_v to_o be_v make_v in_o the_o church_n and_o if_o i_o mistake_v not_o for_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n itself_o but_o if_o in_o that_o place_n it_o concern_v not_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n as_o i_o think_v it_o can_v be_v deny_v that_o the_o use_n of_o flambeau_n on_o this_o occasion_n be_v introduce_v before_o into_o the_o eastern_a church_n see_v the_o read_n the_o gospel_n mention_v by_o st._n jerom_n for_o the_o which_o candle_n be_v light_v in_o day_n time_n in_o the_o eastern_a church_n relate_v in_o all_o likelihood_n unto_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o it_o it_o be_v true_a that_o his_o limit_v this_o practice_n unto_o the_o eastern_a church_n import_v that_o the_o church_n of_o the_o west_n do_v not_o yet_o observe_v it_o but_o in_o fine_a they_o introduce_v this_o same_o ceremony_n into_o their_o worship_n but_o to_o know_v precise_o the_o time_n be_v something_o difficult_a in_o the_o life_n of_o pope_n sylvester_n 251._o lib._n pontifical_a t._n 1._o council_n pag._n 251._o who_o hold_v the_o pontificial_a chair_n in_o the_o day_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a there_o be_v mention_v make_v of_o several_a sort_n of_o work_n and_o flambeau_n which_o he_o give_v unto_o the_o use_n of_o the_o light_n in_o the_o church_n but_o because_o they_o may_v be_v give_v to_o supply_v the_o darkness_n of_o the_o night_n or_o to_o serve_v only_o for_o decency_n and_o ornament_n not_o to_o insist_v upon_o the_o little_a credit_n which_o the_o pontifical_a book_n that_o contain_v the_o life_n of_o silvester_n do_v deserve_v we_o can_v procure_v from_o so_o great_a a_o number_n of_o lamp_n and_o flambeau_n any_o light_n for_o find_v what_o we_o look_v after_o although_o we_o be_v not_o ignorant_a that_o there_o be_v some_o church_n in_o the_o iv_o century_n especial_o in_o the_o east_n where_o be_v see_v lamp_n light_v even_o in_o day_n time_n as_o in_o that_o speak_v of_o by_o epiphanius_n at_o the_o end_n of_o his_o letter_n unto_o john_n hierosolym_n ep._n ad_fw-la joan._n hierosolym_n bishop_n of_o jerusalem_n which_o may_v also_o happen_v to_o be_v in_o the_o west_n but_o we_o inquire_v for_o the_o use_n of_o these_o lamp_n and_o flambeau_n at_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n st._n austin_n contemporary_a with_o s._n jerom_n but_o a_o little_o young_a than_o he_o exhort_v his_o auditor_n to_o offer_v according_a to_o their_o ability_n little_a candle_n 215._o serm._n de_fw-fr tempor_n 215._o and_o oil_n for_o the_o light_n he_o do_v not_o positive_o say_v it_o be_v for_o the_o time_n of_o oblation_n i_o mean_v for_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n but_o this_o sermon_n be_v none_o of_o st._n augustine_n it_o be_v a_o mend_v and_o patch_v piece_n of_o st._n eloy_n de_fw-fr rectitudine_fw-la catholicae_fw-la conversationis_fw-la beside_o that_o in_o the_o seven_o sermon_n de_fw-fr temporibus_fw-la at_o least_o if_o it_o be_v he_o he_o declare_v that_o it_o be_v for_o the_o light_n of_o the_o night_n the_o four_o council_n of_o carthage_n assemble_v anno_fw-la 398._o if_o the_o title_n be_v true_a declare_v that_o the_o acolyte_n receive_v a_o candle_n from_o the_o archdeacon_n 6._o can._n 6._o in_o his_o ordination_n to_o the_o end_n he_o shall_v know_v that_o it_o be_v his_o duty_n to_o light_v the_o light_n of_o the_o church_n but_o he_o do_v not_o particular_o explain_v himself_o of_o the_o use_n of_o these_o flambeau_n i_o suppose_v then_o to_o reconcile_v st._n jerom_n with_o the_o rest_n it_o must_v be_v say_v that_o the_o use_n which_o we_o examine_v touch_v the_o use_n of_o flambeau_n at_o the_o time_n of_o celebrate_v the_o sacrament_n begin_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o western_a church_n in_o the_o day_n of_o st._n
confess_v that_o they_o very_o ill_o instruct_v the_o people_n which_o god_n have_v commit_v unto_o their_o charge_n if_o the_o sacrament_n be_v a_o subject_a to_o be_v adore_v because_o all_o these_o plain_a and_o formal_a expression_n serve_v only_o to_o estrange_v the_o mind_n from_o the_o idea_n of_o this_o sovereign_a worship_n of_o religion_n in_o make_v they_o conclude_v it_o be_v nothing_o but_o bread_n and_o wine_n in_o regard_n of_o their_o nature_n but_o otherwise_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o jesus_n christ_n and_o what_o confirm_v they_o the_o more_o in_o this_o thought_n be_v that_o the_o father_n never_o warn_v they_o to_o take_v their_o word_n figurative_o when_o they_o say_v that_o the_o eucharist_n be_v bread_n and_o wine_n but_o when_o they_o call_v it_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o jesus_n christ_n they_o use_v many_o precaution_n as_o have_v be_v show_v in_o the_o three_o chapter_n say_v that_o almost_o all_o do_v call_v the_o sacrament_n his_o body_n that_o our_o saviour_n have_v honour_v the_o symbol_n with_o the_o name_n of_o his_o body_n and_o blood_n that_o they_o be_v his_o body_n and_o blood_n not_o simple_o and_o absolute_o but_o after_o some_o sort_n be_v so_o call_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o resemblance_n because_o they_o be_v the_o sacrament_n the_o sign_n the_o figure_n the_o memorial_n of_o his_o person_n and_o death_n and_o that_o they_o be_v in_o the_o stead_n of_o his_o body_n and_o blood_n what_o need_v all_o these_o limitation_n and_o illustration_n if_o their_o design_n have_v be_v that_o the_o people_n shall_v have_v adore_v the_o eucharist_n for_o you_o will_v say_v that_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v afraid_a that_o they_o shall_v take_v it_o for_o a_o object_n worthy_a of_o this_o worship_n and_o homage_n so_o much_o care_n be_v take_v by_o they_o to_o make_v they_o comprehend_v what_o sense_n they_o shall_v give_v unto_o their_o word_n when_o they_o say_v that_o it_o be_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o jesus_n christ_n a_o precaution_n absolute_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o intention_n and_o thought_n of_o inspire_v unto_o they_o the_o doctrine_n of_o adoration_n this_o be_v the_o reason_n of_o those_o which_o admit_v not_o of_o the_o adoration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n but_o if_o from_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o word_n of_o the_o holy_a father_n we_o pass_v unto_o that_o of_o several_a thing_n which_o be_v practise_v by_o the_o ancient_a church_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o holy_a sacrament_n and_o which_o have_v be_v examine_v by_o we_o in_o the_o first_o part_n we_o may_v draw_v inference_n by_o the_o help_n whereof_o we_o shall_v the_o easy_o discover_v the_o truth_n of_o what_o we_o do_v examine_v for_o example_n the_o christian_n for_o several_a age_n make_v use_v of_o glass_n chalice_n in_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n they_o give_v the_o sacrament_n for_o a_o long_a time_n unto_o young_a child_n although_o very_o uncapable_a of_o the_o act_n of_o adoration_n they_o oblige_v communicants_a to_o receive_v it_o in_o their_o hand_n they_o permit_v they_o to_o carry_v it_o home_o along_o with_o they_o unto_o their_o house_n and_o to_o keep_v it_o as_o long_o as_o they_o please_v even_o to_o carry_v it_o along_o with_o they_o in_o their_o travel_n without_o ever_o find_v that_o they_o give_v it_o any_o particular_a worship_n whilst_o they_o keep_v it_o lock_v in_o their_o chest_n or_o closet_n they_o send_v it_o unto_o the_o absent_a and_o unto_o the_o sick_a without_o any_o ceremony_n not_o only_o by_o priest_n and_o deacon_n but_o even_o by_o lay-person_n by_o man_n woman_n and_o young_a boy_n bishop_n for_o above_o three_o century_n send_v it_o unto_o each_o other_o in_o token_n of_o love_n and_o communion_n without_o any_o noise_n or_o give_v it_o any_o homage_n or_o honour_n by_o the_o way_n and_o without_o the_o people_n assemble_v in_o the_o way_n by_o which_o it_o pass_v to_o receive_v it_o as_o a_o object_n of_o their_o service_n and_o adoration_n they_o also_o sometime_o communicate_v without_o any_o scruple_n of_o conscience_n after_o dinner_n or_o supper_n and_o so_o mingle_v the_o eucharist_n with_o their_o other_o food_n be_v not_o this_o to_o answer_v very_o ill_a unto_o the_o sovereign_a respect_n which_o one_o shall_v have_v for_o a_o divinity_n one_o adore_v to_o mingle_v it_o in_o the_o same_o stomach_n with_o ordinary_a food_n and_o to_o communicate_v stand_v as_o they_o do_v but_o beside_o all_o these_o custom_n observe_v in_o the_o ancient_a church_n see_v here_o other_o also_o observe_v by_o they_o and_o which_o have_v be_v consider_v by_o we_o in_o treat_v of_o the_o exterior_a form_n of_o celebration_n in_o some_o place_n what_o be_v leave_v of_o the_o eucharist_n after_o consecration_n be_v burn_v in_o the_o fire_n in_o other_o place_n it_o be_v eat_v by_o little_a child_n which_o be_v send_v for_o from_o school_n the_o sacrament_n be_v employ_v to_o make_v plaster_n it_o be_v bury_v with_o the_o dead_a and_o sometime_o ink_n be_v mingle_v with_o the_o consecrate_a wine_n and_o then_o they_o dip_v their_o pen_n in_o these_o two_o mix_a liquor_n can_v it_o be_v imagine_v say_v the_o protestant_n that_o christian_n so_o zealous_a as_o they_o be_v shall_v adore_v the_o sacrament_n see_v it_o be_v employ_v by_o they_o unto_o use_n so_o far_o distant_a from_o this_o adoration_n and_o so_o contrary_a unto_o the_o worship_n which_o be_v due_a unto_o god_n all_o these_o custom_n can_v they_o consist_v with_o a_o worship_n of_o this_o nature_n and_o with_o this_o sovereign_a respect_n which_o be_v due_a only_a unto_o the_o sole_a object_n of_o our_o devotion_n and_o of_o our_o religion_n let_v the_o reader_n judge_n and_o the_o better_a to_o judge_v hereof_o let_v he_o compare_v the_o conduct_n of_o the_o ancient_a church_n in_o this_o particular_a with_o that_o of_o the_o latin_a church_n since_o the_o xi_o century_n for_o these_o kind_n of_o opposition_n do_v not_o a_o little_a contribute_v unto_o the_o illustrate_v the_o matter_n now_o in_o question_n practice_n so_o different_a upon_o the_o same_o subject_n not_o proceed_v but_o from_o divers_a principle_n nor_o such_o various_a effect_n but_o from_o as_o different_a cause_n i_o ought_v not_o to_o pass_v in_o silence_n the_o custom_n of_o this_o same_o church_n in_o turn_v out_o of_o the_o assembly_n all_o those_o that_o can_v not_o or_o will_v not_o communicate_v i_o speak_v of_o the_o catechumeny_n the_o energumeny_n and_o the_o penitent_n which_o can_v not_o be_v admit_v unto_o the_o participation_n of_o this_o divine_a sacrament_n and_o of_o those_o among_o believer_n which_o voluntary_o deprive_v themselves_o of_o it_o for_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o all_o those_o which_o remain_v in_o the_o assembly_n do_v communicate_v both_o great_a and_o small_a as_o have_v be_v show_v in_o the_o first_o part_n of_o this_o book_n and_o nevertheless_o if_o beside_o the_o use_n of_o the_o communion_n for_o which_o they_o confess_v the_o eucharist_n have_v be_v institute_v they_o believe_v that_o the_o sacrament_n be_v a_o object_n of_o adoration_n what_o do_v they_o mean_v in_o forbid_v those_o people_n which_o be_v not_o in_o a_o state_n of_o communicate_v the_o act_n of_o piety_n and_o christian_a humility_n a_o thing_n so_o much_o the_o more_o strange_a that_o the_o holy_a father_n believe_v for_o certain_a that_o prayer_n make_v unto_o god_n at_o the_o time_n of_o celebrate_v the_o sacrament_n be_v more_o efficacious_a than_o those_o make_v unto_o he_o at_o other_o time_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o commemoration_n which_o be_v there_o make_v of_o the_o death_n of_o jesus_n christ_n in_o who_o name_n and_o for_o who_o merit_n we_o pray_v unto_o he_o by_o what_o principle_n and_o motive_n be_v they_o deprive_v of_o the_o fruit_n and_o comfort_n which_o they_o may_v receive_v from_o the_o homage_n which_o they_o will_v have_v give_v unto_o god_n at_o that_o bless_a moment_n the_o sinner_n address_v himself_o unto_o the_o object_n of_o this_o worship_n and_o adoration_n i_o mean_v unto_o the_o sacrament_n will_v have_v pray_v unto_o it_o with_o a_o flood_n of_o tear_n and_o with_o sincere_a mark_n of_o his_o repentance_n and_o contrition_n to_o grant_v he_o pardon_v of_o his_o sin_n and_o to_o seal_v the_o absolution_n of_o they_o unto_o his_o soul_n the_o energumeny_n will_v have_v implore_v the_o assistance_n of_o his_o holy_a spirit_n for_o his_o deliverance_n from_o the_o slavery_n of_o the_o devil_n the_o catechumeny_n will_v have_v present_v unto_o he_o his_o prayer_n for_o the_o augmentation_n of_o his_o knowledge_n and_o to_o be_v ever_o long_o honour_v by_o be_v baptise_a into_o his_o church_n and_o then_o afterward_o to_o be_v admit_v unto_o the_o holy_a sacrament_n and_o in_o fine_a the_o believer_n in_o the_o sense_n of_o his_o unworthiness_n will_v