ibid._n these_o and_o not_o temple_n image_n or_o victim_n be_v the_o holy_a service_n which_o we_o present_v unto_o our_o god._n whence_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o image_n be_v not_o admit_v then_o among_o the_o sacra_fw-la of_o the_o christian_n and_o that_o they_o hold_v it_o not_o convenient_a to_o make_v a_o image_n of_o that_o jesus_n who_o they_o assert_v to_o be_v god._n now_o brief_o to_o reflect_v upon_o these_o thing_n can_v it_o be_v reasonable_o imagine_v that_o they_o who_o so_o express_o tell_v we_o they_o have_v no_o tradition_n to_o make_v the_o image_n of_o saint_n no_o sensible_a image_n no_o image_n of_o their_o body_n and_o that_o they_o know_v no_o vain_a figure_n of_o image_n that_o they_o who_o declare_v that_o they_o themselves_o despise_v and_o teach_v their_o convert_v the_o contempt_n of_o image_n that_o their_o religion_n and_o their_o saviour_n teach_v they_o not_o to_o be_v solicitous_a about_o they_o but_o to_o relinquish_v abstain_v from_o and_o to_o abandon_v they_o that_o they_o who_o teach_v that_o it_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o heathen_n to_o honour_n image_n and_o picture_n that_o the_o custom_n be_v heathenish_a and_o idolatrous_a and_o only_o fit_a for_o daemon_n and_o that_o christian_n be_v to_o be_v know_v by_o this_o that_o they_o will_v not_o adore_v the_o work_n of_o man_n hand_n that_o they_o have_v leave_v all_o image_n and_o statue_n and_o that_o this_o be_v their_o wisdom_n that_o they_o to_o who_o it_o be_v continual_o object_v by_o the_o heathen_n that_o they_o neither_o have_v nor_o will_v endure_v image_n that_o they_o avoid_v the_o make_v statue_n and_o laugh_v at_o they_o who_o do_v it_o and_o who_o in_o answer_n to_o these_o thing_n not_o only_o do_v confess_v the_o thing_n but_o also_o justify_v and_o glory_n in_o it_o tell_v their_o adversary_n that_o image_n be_v vain_o make_v by_o he_o who_o be_v the_o image_n of_o his_o maker_n and_o shall_v make_v no_o other_o image_n that_o they_o deserve_o laugh_v at_o they_o and_o that_o the_o heavenly_a power_n themselves_o if_o they_o be_v subject_a to_o that_o passion_n will_v laugh_v at_o such_o votary_n i_o say_v can_v it_o be_v reasonable_o conceive_v that_o they_o who_o say_v such_o thing_n shall_v make_v it_o matter_n of_o their_o faith_n that_o image_n be_v to_o be_v worship_v and_o in_o their_o constant_a practice_n shall_v adore_v the_o image_n of_o christ_n and_o of_o his_o saint_n saint_n 6._o nor_o do_v the_o father_n only_o declare_v in_o their_o apology_n and_o conflict_n with_o the_o heathen_n they_o have_v no_o image_n but_o they_o commend_v themselves_o and_o other_o upon_o that_o account_n and_o say_v it_o be_v a_o thing_n to_o be_v commend_v both_o in_o they_o and_o other_o and_o on_o this_o account_n they_o mighty_o commend_v the_o jewish_a polity_n because_o it_o teach_v they_o not_o only_o to_o transcend_v all_o image_n but_o all_o create_a being_n and_o to_o ascend_v to_o the_o creator_n of_o the_o world_n say_v that_o 181._o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d orig._n adv_o celsum_fw-la l._n 2._o p._n 91._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d l._n 4._o p._n 181._o he_o that_o do_v inspect_v their_o law_n and_o constitution_n will_v find_v that_o they_o be_v man_n who_o have_v a_o shadow_n of_o the_o heavenly_a life_n on_o earth_n because_o they_o have_v no_o image-maker_n in_o their_o commonwealth_n as_o for_o themselves_o they_o declare_v that_o they_o on_o this_o account_n 177._o account_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d l._n 4._o p._n 177._o be_v man_n or_o something_o more_o excellent_a than_o man_n because_o they_o do_v not_o venerate_a but_o do_v transcend_v all_o image_n and_o go_v immediate_o to_o god._n and_o 12._o and_o nun_n laudem_fw-la magis_fw-la quam_fw-la poenam_fw-la merebatur_fw-la repudium_fw-la agniti_fw-la erroris_fw-la apol._n cap._n 12._o if_o we_o do_v not_o worship_v statue_n and_o cold_a image_n like_v to_o those_o dead_a man_n which_o they_o represent_v do_v we_o not_o deserve_v praise_n rather_o than_o punishment_n say_v tertullian_n for_o the_o refusal_n of_o this_o ancient_a error_n yea_o they_o declare_v their_o humble_a confidence_n that_o ibid._n that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d l._n 8._o p._n 412._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ibid._n god_n will_v not_o overlook_v they_o but_o vouchsafe_v they_o some_o manifestation_n of_o his_o goodness_n and_o give_v they_o some_o fruit_n of_o his_o providence_n among_o other_o reason_n for_o the_o very_a cause_n because_o they_o despise_v image_n of_o humane_a art_n endeavour_v direct_o by_o reason_n to_o ascend_v to_o god._n and_o last_o as_o for_o those_o heathen_n who_o for_o some_o time_n worship_v the_o deity_n without_o image_n they_o say_v they_o serve_v god_n 24._o god_n dicit_fw-la antiquos_fw-la romanos_fw-la plusquam_fw-la annos_fw-la 150_o deos_fw-la sine_fw-la simulacro_fw-la coluisse_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la adhuc_fw-la remansisset_fw-la castius_fw-la dii_fw-la observarentur_fw-la aug._n de_fw-fr c._n d._n l._n 4._o c._n 13._o agob_n de_fw-fr imag._n imag._n 24._o more_o pure_o when_o they_o have_v no_o image_n and_o that_o their_o religion_n will_v have_v be_v better_a have_v they_o do_v so_o still_o but_o as_o for_o those_o who_o retain_v they_o and_o look_v upon_o they_o when_o they_o worship_v or_o do_v esteem_v they_o sacred_a they_o declare_v they_o can_v not_o but_o look_v upon_o they_o 367._o they_o orig._n l._n 7._o p._n 362_o 367._o as_o man_n of_o a_o lame_a and_o infirm_a mind_n they_o can_v not_o but_o laugh_v at_o their_o folly_n and_o they_o do_v frequent_o apply_v that_o passage_n of_o the_o psalmist_n to_o they_o 113._o they_o august_n &_o theodoret._n in_o psal_n 113._o they_o that_o make_v they_o be_v like_a unto_o they_o as_o judge_v it_o the_o extremity_n of_o error_n in_o they_o who_o have_v the_o use_n of_o reason_n to_o worship_v stock_n and_o stone_n now_o sure_o we_o can_v reasonable_o think_v these_o father_n practise_v themselves_o what_o they_o thus_o laugh_v at_o and_o condemn_v in_o other_o that_o they_o admire_v the_o jewish_a polity_n because_o it_o do_v permit_v no_o image_n in_o their_o sacred_a worship_n and_o yet_o conceive_v these_o thing_n not_o only_o well_o consistent_a with_o but_o even_o a_o advantage_n to_o the_o christian_a polity_n or_o that_o at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o can_v conceive_v themselves_o praiseworthy_a for_o reject_v and_o even_o despise_v image_n of_o humane_a art_n and_o yet_o not_o only_o have_v they_o but_o think_v they_o worthy_a of_o their_o veneration_n and_o by_o they_o shall_v ascend_v unto_o that_o jesus_n who_o they_o own_v as_o their_o god_n we_o therefore_o may_v be_v well_o assure_v from_o these_o say_n that_o the_o christian_n of_o those_o time_n do_v not_o look_v upon_o image_n when_o they_o perform_v their_o worship_n to_o god_n the_o father_n or_o his_o son_n christ_n jesus_n and_o to_o assure_v we_o yet_o far_o that_o they_o do_v not_o do_v it_o they_o inform_v we_o that_o when_o they_o pay_v their_o worship_n to_o the_o due_a object_n of_o it_o they_o do_v shut_v their_o eye_n and_o think_v it_o be_v their_o duty_n so_o to_o do_v and_o that_o this_o practice_n do_v enable_v they_o the_o better_a to_o lift_v up_o their_o mind_n to_o god._n origen_n in_o allusion_n to_o those_o word_n of_o christ_n i_o be_o come_v into_o the_o world_n that_o they_o who_o see_v not_o may_v see_v and_o they_o who_o see_v may_v be_v make_v blind_a say_v that_o 358._o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d l._n 7._o p._n 358._o the_o word_n make_v the_o eye_n of_o the_o soul_n to_o see_v but_o blind_v those_o of_o the_o sense_n that_o the_o soul_n may_v without_o distraction_n behold_v what_o it_o ought_v if_o therefore_o any_o man_n act_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o christian_n the_o eye_n of_o his_o soul_n be_v open_v but_o that_o of_o his_o sense_n be_v shut_v and_o by_o how_o much_o more_o he_o open_v his_o better_a eye_n and_o shut_v the_o eye_n of_o his_o sense_n by_o so_o much_o more_o he_o see_v and_o contemplate_v better_a god_n and_o his_o son_n who_o be_v the_o word_n and_o wisdom_n and_o again_o 362._o again_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d p._n 362._o even_o the_o mean_a christian_a shut_v the_o eye_n of_o his_o sense_n and_o open_v those_o of_o his_o soul_n transcend_v all_o the_o whole_a world_n and_o shame_v the_o wise_a man_n of_o the_o world_n who_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d look_v upon_o image_n by_o contemplation_n of_o they_o do_v endeavour_n to_o erect_v their_o mind_n to_o god._n st._n basil_n say_v thus_o 208._o thus_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o psalm_n 37._o to._n 1._o p._n 208._o i_o do_v not_o confess_v with_o my_o lip_n that_o i_o may_v appear_v to_o many_o so_o to_o do_v but_z shut_v my_o eye_n inward_o in_o my_o heart_n i_o show_v my_o
utique_fw-la puder_n ct_fw-la adorare_fw-la p._n 1305._o artificer_n who_o make_v these_o image_n must_v be_v esteem_v better_a than_o his_o own_o handiwork_n because_o he_o give_v unto_o it_o that_o perfection_n it_o enjoy_v and_o it_o be_v impossible_a there_o shall_v be_v more_o perfection_n in_o the_o work_n than_o in_o the_o artificer_n that_o therefore_o it_o be_v much_o more_o shameful_a to_o adore_v the_o image_n which_o he_o make_v than_o to_o adore_v the_o man_n himself_o that_o 7._o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d clem._n alex._n strom._n 7._o p._n 714_o 715._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d orig._n contr_n celsum_fw-la p._n 6_o 7._o nothing_o can_v be_v sacred_a which_o be_v the_o work_n of_o man_n hand_n that_o the_o work_n of_o servile_a artist_n and_o stone-cutter_n can_v be_v sacred_a that_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n write_v by_o god_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n that_o nothing_o be_v to_o be_v esteem_v sacred_a or_o holy_a or_o of_o much_o value_n which_o be_v the_o work_n of_o the_o mechanic_n or_o artificer_n that_o image_n make_v by_o servile_a man_n of_o earthly_a matter_n must_v be_v vain_a earthly_a and_o profane_a that_o the_o 367._o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d orig._n in_o celsum_n p._n 367._o heathen_n have_v no_o just_a reason_n to_o quarrel_v with_o the_o christian_n for_o say_v they_o be_v man_n of_o a_o lame_a and_o infirm_a mind_n who_o repair_v to_o that_o which_o false_o be_v esteem_v saer_v as_o if_o it_o true_o be_v so_o and_o who_o do_v not_o see_v that_o nothing_o can_v be_v sacred_a which_o be_v the_o work_n of_o servile_a artist_n that_o 14._o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d orig._n ibid._n ti_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d euseb_n praepar_fw-la eu._n l._n 5._o c._n 14._o the_o curiosity_n of_o make_v statue_n have_v in_o it_o nothing_o acceptable_a to_o god._n and_o that_o the_o heathen_n ought_v not_o to_o forbid_v christian_n to_o assert_v that_o they_o be_v blind_a who_o think_v that_o piety_n do_v appertain_v to_o image_n or_o statue_n make_v out_o of_o matter_n by_o the_o art_n of_o man._n no_o it_o be_v reserve_v to_o a_o general_n council_n of_o christian_a bishop_n to_o forbid_v this_o and_o to_o style_v those_o image_n which_o be_v the_o work_n of_o the_o artificer_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o holy_a sacred_a venerable_a adorable_a image_n a_o thousand_o time_n that_o 257._o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d justin_n m._n dial._n 2._o p._n 66._o vos_fw-fr impii_fw-la lapides_fw-la &_o signa_fw-la &_o opera_fw-la manuum_fw-la hominum_fw-la adoratis_fw-la tharacus_n apud_fw-la baron_fw-fr a._n d._n 290._o 290._o 5._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d clem._n alex._n protrep_v p._n 29._o non_fw-la sit_fw-la nobis_fw-la religio_fw-la humanorum_fw-la operum_fw-la cultus_fw-la august_n de_fw-fr vera_fw-la relig._n c._n 55._o vid._n agob_n p._n 257._o it_o be_v a_o impious_a and_o foolish_a custom_n to_o adore_v the_o work_n of_o man_n hand_n and_o that_o such_o worship_n of_o humane_a work_n shall_v be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o religion_n of_o a_o christian_n that_o it_o be_v 147._o be_v summopere_fw-la pensandum_fw-la esse_fw-la quia_fw-la si_fw-la opera_fw-la manuum_fw-la dei_fw-la non_fw-la sunt_fw-la adoranda_fw-la &_o colenda_fw-la nec_fw-la in_o honorem_fw-la dei_fw-la quanto_fw-la magis_fw-la opera_fw-la manuum_fw-la hominum_fw-la non_fw-la sunt_fw-la adoranda_fw-la &_o colenda_fw-la nec_fw-la in_o honorem_fw-la eorum_fw-la quorum_fw-la similitudines_fw-la esse_fw-la dicuntur_fw-la agob_n agob_n 28._o p._n 261._o vid._n clem._n r._n recogn_n l._n 5._o 5._o 16._o claud._n taurin_n bibl._n patr._n to._n 4._o p._n 147._o serious_o to_o be_v think_v upon_o that_o if_o the_o work_v of_o god_n hand_n be_v not_o to_o be_v adore_v and_o worship_v no_o not_o in_o honour_n of_o that_o god_n who_o make_v they_o much_o less_o be_v the_o work_n of_o man_n hand_n to_o be_v adore_v in_o honour_n of_o they_o who_o similitude_n they_o be_v say_v to_o be_v be_v 4._o 4ly_n from_o the_o dignity_n the_o quality_n â—â—e_v posture_n of_o the_o person_n worship_v they_o plead_v thus_o viz._n that_o 17._o that_o est_fw-la autem_fw-la perversum_fw-la &_o incongruens_fw-la ut_fw-la simulacrum_fw-la hominis_fw-la à _fw-la simulacro_fw-la dei_fw-la colatur_fw-la colit_fw-la enim_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la deterius_fw-la &_o imbeciliius_fw-la lact._n l._n 2._o c._n 17._o man_n be_v the_o image_n of_o god_n whereas_o the_o image_n of_o heathen_a deity_n and_o saint_n be_v but_o the_o image_n of_o men._n now_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o perverse_a or_o more_o incongruous_a than_o that_o the_o image_n of_o a_o man_n shall_v be_v adore_v by_o he_o who_o be_v the_o image_n of_o his_o maker_n because_o he_o by_o so_o do_v worship_n what_o be_v worse_o and_o weak_a than_o himself_o that_o if_o any_o image_n be_v to_o be_v adore_v or_o worship_v it_o shall_v be_v 262._o be_v si_fw-mi ulla_fw-la imago_fw-la esset_fw-la adoranda_fw-la vel_fw-la colenda_fw-la creatoris_fw-la potius_fw-la esset_fw-la quam_fw-la creaturae_fw-la nempe_fw-la hominem_fw-la fecit_fw-la deus_fw-la ad_fw-la imaginem_fw-la &_o similitudinem_fw-la dei-certe_a si_fw-la adorandi_fw-la fuissent_fw-la homines_fw-la vivi_fw-la magis_fw-la quam_fw-la picti_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la ubi_fw-la similitudinem_fw-la habent_fw-la dei_fw-la non_fw-la ubi_fw-la pecorum_fw-la vel_fw-la quod_fw-la verius_fw-la est_fw-la lapidum_fw-la five_o lignorum_fw-la vita_fw-la sensu_fw-la ratione_fw-la carentium_fw-la agob_n de_fw-fr imag._n imag._n 28._o p._n 262._o that_o of_o the_o creator_n rather_o than_o the_o creature_n viz._n man_n who_o god_n make_v according_a to_o his_o image_n and_o similitude_n that_o if_o man_n be_v to_o be_v adore_v it_o shall_v be_v rather_o live_v man_n than_o paint_v that_o be_v when_o they_o have_v the_o similitude_n of_o god_n rather_o than_o that_o of_o stone_n and_o wood_n void_a of_o life_n sense_n and_o reason_n that_o 715._o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d clem._n alex._n strom._n 7._o p._n 715._o if_o holiness_n be_v to_o be_v ascribe_v not_o to_o god_n only_o but_o to_o that_o which_o be_v frame_v in_o honour_n of_o he_o it_o may_v fit_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o church_n which_o to_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n be_v make_v holy_a by_o the_o acknowledgement_n of_o he_o or_o to_o he_o who_o god_n do_v prize_n and_o honour_n in_o who_o he_o dwell_v in_o who_o just_a soul_n we_o may_v perceive_v the_o divine_a character_n and_o sacred_a image_n and_o who_o be_v a_o image_n dedicate_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n but_o the_o word_n sacred_a be_v not_o to_o be_v apply_v to_o that_o which_o be_v make_v by_o servile_a art_n or_o be_v adorn_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o juggler_n that_o 15._o that_o melior_fw-la &_o tu_fw-la quamvis_fw-la ea_fw-la non_fw-la feceris_fw-la quoniam_fw-la quae_fw-la illa_fw-la non_fw-la possent_fw-la facis_fw-la august_n in_o ps_n 113._o p._n 1305._o nec_fw-la intelligunt_fw-la homines_fw-la ineptissimi_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la sentire_fw-la simulacra_fw-la &_o moveri_fw-la possent_fw-la ultro_fw-la adoratura_fw-la homines_fw-la fuissent_fw-la à _fw-la quibus_fw-la sunt_fw-la expolita_fw-la lact._n l._n 2._o c._n 2._o p._n 146._o velim_fw-la autem_fw-la dicerent_fw-la mihi_fw-la hi_o qui_fw-la idola_fw-la colunt_fw-la si_fw-la optant_fw-la simile_n fieri_fw-la his_fw-la quos_fw-la colunt_fw-la vultne_n aliquis_fw-la vestrum_fw-la sic_fw-la videre_fw-la quomodo_fw-la illi_fw-la vident_fw-la etc._n etc._n quales_fw-la ergo_fw-la dii_o habendi_fw-la sunt_fw-la isti_fw-la quorum_fw-la similitudinem_fw-la habere_fw-la contumelia_fw-la est_fw-la clem._n r._n recogn_n l._n 5._o 5._o 15._o man_n himself_o be_v far_o more_o excellent_a because_o he_o do_v what_o image_n can_v and_o he_o have_v sense_n and_o life_n and_o reason_n which_o they_o want_v and_o that_o if_o image_n can_v move_v they_o will_v rather_o adore_v man_n that_o make_v they_o that_o man_n will_v think_v it_o a_o reproach_n and_o injury_n to_o be_v compare_v to_o they_o or_o to_o be_v like_o they_o in_o their_o want_n of_o life_n and_o sense_n and_o motion_n and_o that_o therefore_o they_o shall_v blush_v to_o worship_n that_o which_o they_o will_v not_o be_v like_o or_o compare_v to_o and_o they_o who_o make_v and_o worship_v they_o be_v as_o the_o psalmist_n say_v like_v unto_o they_o destitute_a of_o manhood_n and_o fall_v into_o such_o absurdity_n that_o it_o be_v just_a with_o god_n to_o deprive_v they_o of_o sense_n that_o 140._o that_o quid_fw-la ante_fw-la inepta_fw-la simulacra_fw-la &_o figmenta_fw-la terrena_fw-la captivum_fw-la corpus_fw-la incurvas_fw-la ad_fw-la coelum_fw-la atque_fw-la ad_fw-la deum_fw-la sursum_fw-la vultus_fw-la erectus_fw-la est_fw-la illuc_fw-la intuere_fw-la illuc_fw-la oculos_fw-la erige_fw-la in_fw-la supernis_fw-la deum_fw-la quaere_fw-la ut_fw-la career_n inferis_fw-la possis_fw-la cypr._n ep._n ad_fw-la demetr_v ed._n ox._n p._n 191_o 192._o cum_fw-la nobis_fw-la sublimis_fw-la vultus_fw-la ab_fw-la artifice_n deo_fw-la datus_fw-la sit_fw-la apparet_fw-la istas_fw-la religiones_fw-la deorum_fw-la non_fw-la esse_fw-la rationis_fw-la humanae_fw-la qui_fw-la quae_fw-la curvant_fw-la coeleste_fw-la animal_n ad_fw-la
the_o word_n of_o this_o commandment_n i_o conceive_v it_o can_v be_v reasonable_o think_v to_o be_v forbid_v in_o any_o other_o precept_n there_o be_v only_o this_o which_o speak_v of_o image-worship_n and_o if_o it_o be_v forbid_v in_o no_o precept_n of_o the_o moral_a law_n it_o necessary_o will_v follow_v that_o it_o be_v lawful_o perform_v by_o the_o heathen_n 4_o do_v they_o pretend_v that_o idol_n only_o be_v forbid_v to_o be_v adore_v in_o this_o precept_n but_o not_o image_n this_o indeed_o be_v the_o conceit_n of_o romish_a doctor_n and_o of_o the_o second_o nicene_n council_n but_o this_o also_o be_v plain_o opposite_a unto_o the_o general_a tradition_n of_o all_o the_o father_n of_o the_o church_n who_o constant_o observe_v what_o be_v as_o evident_a in_o the_o commandment_n as_o word_n can_v be_v viz._n that_o it_o forbid_v not_o only_a idol_n to_o be_v worship_v but_o also_o the_o similitude_n of_o any_o thing_n whatsoever_o as_o beside_o the_o express_a testimony_n of_o clemens_n of_o alexandria_n theophilus_n tertullian_n origen_n athanasius_n epiphanius_n st._n austin_n and_o fulgentius_n produce_v already_o be_v far_a evident_a from_o the_o express_a assertion_n of_o 322._o of_o p._n 321_o 322._o justin_n martyr_n in_o his_o dialogue_n with_o trypho_n of_o 59_o of_o c._n 59_o cyprian_a in_o his_o three_o book_n to_o quirinus_n of_o 39_o of_o p._n 39_o julius_n firmicus_n in_o his_o treatise_n of_o profane_a religion_n of_o 99_o of_o carm._n p._n 99_o nazianzen_n in_o his_o verse_n of_o the_o 554._o the_o p._n 554._o pseud-ambrosius_n upon_o the_o 6_o chapter_n to_o the_o ephesian_n of_o 38._o of_o qu._n 38._o theodoret_n in_o his_o question_n upon_o exodus_fw-la and_o of_o innumerable_a other_o author_n to_o all_o which_o add_v that_o of_o tertullian_n that_o 3._o that_o omnis_fw-la forma_fw-la vel_fw-la formula_fw-la idolum_fw-la de_fw-fr idol_n c._n 3._o every_o form_n or_o little_a representation_n be_v a_o idol_n and_o all_o service_n perform_v about_o it_o be_v idolatry_n that_o of_o the_o council_n of_o frankford_n 18._o frankford_n sed_fw-la ne_fw-la idola_fw-la nuncupentur_fw-la adorare_fw-la eas_fw-la &_o colere_fw-la recusamus_fw-la lib._n car._n l._n 4._o c._n 18._o we_o do_v not_o call_v the_o image_n place_v in_o church_n idol_n but_o we_o refuse_v to_o worship_n and_o adore_v they_o lest_o they_o shall_v be_v call_v idol_n that_o of_o agobardus_n that_o 248._o that_o puto_fw-la quod_fw-la videretur_fw-la eye_n non_fw-la tam_fw-la idola_fw-la reliquisse_fw-la quam_fw-la simulacra_fw-la mutasse_fw-la de_fw-fr imag._n p._n 248._o if_o they_o who_o have_v leave_v the_o worship_n of_o daemon_n shall_v be_v command_v to_o venerate_v the_o image_n of_o saint_n i_o think_v they_o will_v seem_v to_o other_o not_o so_o much_o to_o have_v leave_v idol_n as_o to_o have_v change_v their_o resemblance_n add_v last_o the_o complaint_n of_o all_o the_o father_n against_o the_o arian_n that_o by_o introduce_v the_o adoration_n of_o a_o creature_n they_o bring_v in_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o idol-making_a heresy_n under_o the_o pretext_n of_o christianity_n they_o secret_o introduce_v the_o worship_n of_o idol_n and_o transgress_v that_o precept_n which_o forbid_v the_o adoration_n of_o a_o idol_n or_o of_o any_o similitude_n clear_o insinuate_v that_o by_o worship_v any_o creature_n it_o be_v make_v a_o idol_n since_o then_o the_o father_n of_o the_o second_o nicene_n council_n and_o the_o romish_a doctor_n do_v with_o such_o diligence_n and_o industry_n inculcate_v these_o distinction_n and_o limitation_n of_o this_o precept_n see_v they_o be_v so_o much_o concern_v to_o blanch_v and_o colour_n over_o the_o seem_a opposition_n of_o their_o practice_n to_o it_o and_o since_o the_o father_n must_v have_v have_v the_o like_a occasion_n reason_n and_o inducement_n so_o to_o do_v if_o they_o have_v practise_v the_o same_o custom_n of_o make_v and_o adore_v the_o image_n of_o christ_n and_o of_o his_o saint_n and_o yet_o they_o never_o in_o the_o least_o concern_v themselves_o about_o this_o matter_n never_o use_v any_o of_o these_o limitation_n or_o distinction_n nor_o any_o other_o of_o like_a nature_n in_o their_o own_o defence_n but_o do_v as_o manifest_o reject_v condemn_v and_o overthrow_v they_o all_o as_o any_o protestant_n can_v do_v since_o 2_o they_o think_v themselves_o oblige_v to_o show_v that_o which_o comparative_o concern_v they_o little_a viz._n that_o the_o make_n of_o the_o cherubim_n and_o of_o the_o brazen_a serpent_n by_o moses_n and_o the_o make_v man_n after_o his_o image_n by_o god_n himself_o do_v no_o way_n thwart_o this_o precept_n but_o yet_o be_v whole_o unconcern_v to_o add_v that_o the_o make_n and_o adore_v of_o the_o image_n of_o christ_n and_o of_o his_o saint_n be_v also_o well_o consistent_a with_o it_o since_o they_o do_v often_o say_v that_o notwithstanding_o this_o command_n it_o may_v be_v lawful_a for_o the_o jew_n to_o make_v a_o image_n where_o there_o be_v no_o peril_n of_o worship_v or_o bow_v down_o to_o it_o and_o it_o be_v also_o lawful_a for_o the_o christian_n to_o have_v 113._o have_v august_n in_o psalm_n 113._o their_o cup_n and_o dish_n for_o the_o sacramental_a bread_n and_o wine_n and_o other_o utensil_n and_o that_o such_o thing_n be_v not_o condemn_v by_o this_o commandment_n or_o to_o be_v rank_v with_o what_o be_v here_o forbid_v but_o yet_o they_o never_o go_v about_o to_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v lawful_a notwithstanding_o this_o command_n to_o have_v or_o worship_n image_n of_o christ_n or_o any_o of_o his_o saint_n since_o even_o in_o the_o follow_a age_n when_o image_n begin_v to_o be_v receive_v into_o church_n they_o still_o declare_v they_o do_v not_o violate_v this_o precept_n because_o they_o have_v they_o not_o for_o adoration_n but_o only_o for_o commemoration_n and_o that_o this_o precept_n forbid_v they_o not_o to_o make_v though_o it_o by_o all_o mean_n forbid_v they_o to_o adore_v a_o image_n 3_o since_o many_o of_o they_o have_v declare_v express_o that_o god_n by_o this_o command_n forbid_v the_o very_a make_n of_o a_o image_n and_o render_v the_o very_a art_n of_o paint_v and_o engrave_v unlawful_a to_o the_o christian_a and_o they_o more_o general_o do_v assert_v that_o he_o by_o it_o forbid_v even_o all_o outward_a adoration_n of_o they_o and_o consequent_o express_o must_v declare_v themselves_o transgressor_n of_o it_o and_o practiser_n of_o wicked_a worship_n if_o they_o both_o make_v and_o give_v external_a adoration_n to_o the_o image_n of_o saint_n and_o 4_o since_o they_o plain_o argue_v against_o all_o honorary_a worship_n of_o they_o thus_o that_o if_o the_o workmanship_n of_o god_n hand_n be_v not_o to_o be_v adore_v no_o not_o in_o honour_n of_o that_o god_n that_o make_v it_o much_o less_o may_v we_o adore_v the_o workmanship_n of_o man_n in_o honour_n of_o those_o person_n who_o image_n they_o be_v say_v to_o be_v declare_v this_o shall_v it_o be_v do_v by_o christian_n will_v rather_o look_v like_o change_v than_o leave_v of_o their_o idol_n and_o last_o since_o they_o solemn_o profess_v that_o by_o reason_n of_o this_o precept_n they_o have_v rather_o die_v than_o worship_v any_o grave_a image_n with_o many_o other-like_a expression_n it_o be_v upon_o all_o these_o account_n extreme_o evident_a that_o then_o they_o have_v no_o image_n of_o saint_n erect_v or_o paint_v in_o the_o house_n of_o god_n and_o that_o when_o they_o be_v once_o admit_v they_o neither_o pay_v to_o they_o any_o outward_a worship_n nor_o do_v they_o think_v it_o lawful_a so_o to_o do_v chap._n iu._n the_o father_n forbid_v christian_n to_o make_v or_o worship_n image_n and_o picture_n picture_n 1._o 2_o some_o of_o they_o represent_v it_o as_o a_o vain_a thing_n to_o desire_v they_o they_o 2._o 3ly_n when_o they_o see_v they_o in_o church_n they_o tear_v and_o pull_v they_o down_o as_o be_v contrary_a to_o scripture_n and_o religion_n religion_n 3._o 4_o when_o it_o be_v object_v to_o they_o by_o the_o donatist_n that_o some_o of_o they_o place_v image_n on_o the_o altar_n they_o reject_v the_o calumny_n with_o great_a abhorrence_n abhorrence_n 4._o 5ly_n when_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n be_v object_v to_o they_o by_o the_o manichaean_o they_o say_v this_o be_v do_v only_o by_o some_o rude_a people_n by_o the_o church_n condemn_v condemn_v 5._o from_o the_o 8_o to_o the_o 15_o century_n the_o veneration_n of_o image_n be_v reject_v by_o the_o most_o eminent_a person_n of_o the_o western_a church_n church_n 6._o 6._o 1._o and_o suitable_o to_o these_o declaration_n we_o find_v the_o father_n as_o occasion_v serve_v either_o forbid_v of_o the_o people_n to_o make_v or_o at_o the_o least_o to_o worship_n image_n and_o show_v of_o their_o zeal_n against_o they_o that_o do_v so_o both_o in_o word_n and_o action_n epiphanius_n speak_v thus_o to_o the_o christian_n
in_o material_a colour_n 〈◊〉_d colour_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d protrept_v p._n 34._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o image_n say_v clemens_n of_o alexandria_n be_v indeed_o dead_a matter_n form_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o artificer_n but_o we_o christian_n have_v no_o sensible_a image_n of_o sensible_a matter_n st._n ambrose_n say_v that_o 246._o that_o quae_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la inane_n idea_n &_o vanas_fw-la nescit_fw-la simulacrorum_fw-la figuras_fw-la de_fw-fr fuga_fw-la saec_fw-la c._n 5._o p._n 246._o rachel_n who_o hide_v the_o image_n be_v or_o signify_v the_o church_n which_o church_n know_v no_o empty_a idea_n or_o vain_a figure_n of_o image_n but_o know_v the_o true_a substance_n of_o the_o trinity_n f._n trinity_n nos_fw-la autem_fw-la unam_fw-la veneramur_fw-la imaginem_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o ezech._n c._n 16._o p._n 189._o f._n we_o say_v st._n jerome_n have_v but_o one_o husband_n and_o worship_v but_o one_o image_n to_o wit_n the_o image_n of_o the_o invisible_a and_o omnipotent_a god._n p._n god._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d apud_fw-la council_n nic._n 2._o act._n 6._o p._n we_o say_v st._n chrysostom_n do_v by_o their_o write_n enjoy_v the_o presence_n of_o the_o saint_n have_v the_o image_n not_o of_o their_o body_n but_o of_o their_o soul_n 484._o soul_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ibid._n p._n 484._o we_o have_v no_o care_n say_v amphilochius_n to_o figure_n by_o colour_n the_o bodily_a visage_n of_o the_o saint_n in_o table_n so_o certain_a be_v it_o that_o they_o have_v no_o such_o custom_n in_o the_o five_o first_o century_n that_o 2._o they_o plain_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o first_o thing_n they_o teach_v their_o convert_v be_v the_o contempt_n of_o image_n 120._o image_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o celsum_n l._n 3._o p._n 120._o we_o plain_o show_v forth_o the_o gravity_n or_o decorum_n of_o our_o principle_n and_o do_v not_o hide_v they_o as_o celsus_n do_v imagine_v see_v even_o to_o those_o who_o be_v first_o enter_v among_o we_o we_o teach_v the_o contempt_n of_o idol_n and_o of_o all_o image_n say_v origen_n 91._o origen_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d l._n 8._o p._n 412._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n l._n 2._o p._n 91._o god_n say_v he_o can_v whole_o overlook_v the_o christian_n because_o they_o be_v the_o man_n who_o despise_v image_n of_o humane_a art_n and_o endeavour_v to_o ascend_v by_o reason_n unto_o god_n himself_o they_o transcend_v not_o only_a image_n but_o the_o whole_a frame_n of_o creature_n to_o ascend_v to_o the_o god_n of_o all_o the_o world._n 3._o they_o add_v that_o they_o be_v teach_v thus_o to_o abandon_v and_o forsake_v all_o image_n and_o statue_n by_o the_o religion_n they_o embrace_v and_o by_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o holy_a jesus_n 255._o jesus_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d l._n 5._o p._n 255._o the_o christian_a doctrine_n say_v origen_n do_v not_o permit_v they_o to_o be_v solicitous_a about_o image_n and_o statue_n or_o about_o the_o work_n of_o god_n but_o to_o transcend_v they_o and_o to_o lift_v up_o the_o soul_n to_o the_o creator_n 359._o creator_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d l._n 7._o p._n 359._o they_o by_o the_o doctrine_n of_o jesus_n christ_n say_v he_o be_v move_v to_o relinquish_v all_o image_n and_o statue_n and_o to_o look_v up_o by_o the_o word_n unto_o the_o father_n again_o 362._o again_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d l._n 7._o p._n 362._o the_o christian_n say_v he_o do_v not_o look_v upon_o image_n for_o he_o be_v teach_v by_o christ_n to_o seek_v nothing_o which_o be_v little_a or_o sensible_a but_o only_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v great_a and_o true_o divine_a he_o add_v that_o 〈◊〉_d that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o prophet_n have_v foretell_v of_o the_o come_n of_o christ_n to_o cause_v they_o to_o desist_v from_o the_o worship_n of_o idol_n and_o of_o image_n and_o of_o daemon_n 375._o daemon_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n l._n 7._o p._n 375._o other_o nation_n as_o the_o scythian_n african_n etc._n etc._n abstain_v from_o image_n say_v he_o but_o they_o do_v it_o not_o upon_o the_o same_o account_n upon_o which_o we_o jew_n and_o christian_n be_v averse_a from_o it_o for_o we_o abstain_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o commandment_n which_o say_v thou_o shall_v not_o make_v to_o thyself_o a_o idol_n nor_o the_o similitude_n of_o any_o thing_n in_o heaven_n or_o earth_n which_o thing_n do_v not_o only_o cause_v we_o to_o reject_v image_n but_o make_v we_o ready_a to_o die_v rather_o than_o we_o will_v defile_v our_o conception_n of_o god_n with_o any_o such_o impiety_n arnobius_n say_v that_o 22._o that_o qui_fw-la ab_fw-la signis_fw-la inertibus_fw-la atque_fw-la ex_fw-la vilissimo_fw-la formatis_fw-la luto_fw-la ad_fw-la sydera_fw-la sublevavit_fw-la &_o coelum_fw-la adu._n gent._n l._n 1._o p._n 22._o christ_n have_v elevate_v the_o christian_a from_o fruitless_a sign_n make_v of_o vile_a earth_n to_o the_o star_n and_o heaven_n and_o make_v we_o to_o present_v our_o prayer_n and_o supplication_n to_o the_o god_n of_o all_o thing_n thing_n 4._o 4._o they_o say_v that_o it_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o heathen_n to_o make_v and_o worship_n image_n and_o it_o be_v frequent_a among_o the_o father_n to_o call_v they_o worshipper_n of_o image_n instead_o of_o heathen_n and_o to_o describe_v the_o christian_n as_o one_o who_o have_v leave_v off_o and_o have_v renounce_v that_o practice_n a._n practice_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d admon_n p._n 39_o a._n clemens_n alexandrinus_n speak_v to_o the_o heathen_n thus_o art_n have_v deceive_v you_o with_o its_o delusion_n lead_v you_o to_o honour_v image_n and_o picture_n 131._o picture_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d l._n 3._o p._n 131._o we_o be_v not_o like_o the_o getae_n and_o cilician_o and_o other_o nation_n to_o which_o we_o be_v compare_v by_o celsus_n for_o they_o provide_v image_n for_o their_o god_n but_o we_o say_v origen_n remove_v from_o god_n all_o honour_n by_o such_o thing_n as_o judge_v they_o more_o fit_a for_o devil_n and_o again_o he_o represent_v they_o as_o man_n 177._o man_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d l._n 4._o p._n 177._o who_o have_v fall_v from_o the_o true_a knowledge_n of_o god_n under_o a_o vain_a imagination_n of_o piety_n worship_n image_n and_o he_o represent_v the_o christian_n as_o those_o who_o by_o the_o conduct_n of_o the_o word_n or_o reason_n ascend_v from_o wood_n and_o stone_n silver_n and_o gold_n and_o all_o that_o be_v precious_a in_o the_o world_n to_o the_o creator_n of_o all_o thing_n 5._o thing_n quid_fw-la enim_fw-la insigne_fw-la preferimus_fw-la nisi_fw-la primam_fw-la sapientiam_fw-la qua_fw-la frivola_fw-la humanae_fw-la manus_fw-la opera_fw-la non_fw-la adoramus_fw-la qui_fw-la vult_fw-la intelligere_fw-la qui_fw-la sunt_fw-la christiani_n istis_fw-la indiciis_fw-la utatur_fw-la necesse_fw-la est_fw-la ad_fw-la nat._n l._n 1._o c._n 5._o what_o ensign_n do_v we_o bear_v before_o we_o say_v tertullian_n but_o that_o first_o wisdom_n which_o instruct_v we_o not_o to_o worship_v the_o frivolous_a work_n of_o man_n hand_n that_o abstinence_n whereby_o we_o do_v refrain_v from_o the_o good_n of_o other_o etc._n etc._n he_o that_o will_v understand_v who_o be_v christian_n must_v know_v they_o by_o these_o mark_n and_o token_n 189._o token_n vos_fw-fr simula_fw-la ra_fw-mi effingitis_fw-la ex_fw-la auro_fw-la l._n 2._o p._n 98._o quae_fw-la quidem_fw-la nos_fw-la cessamus_fw-la facere_fw-la l._n 6._o p._n 189._o you_o be_v the_o man_n who_o make_v image_n of_o gold_n say_v arnobius_n which_o we_o christian_n cease_v to_o do_v 26._o do_v isti_fw-la qui_fw-la fragilia_fw-la colunt_fw-la l._n 7._o c._n 26._o this_o be_v the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o holy_a prophet_n which_o we_o christian_n follow_v this_o be_v our_o wisdom_n which_o they_o who_o either_o worship_n image_n or_o defend_v vain_a philosophy_n deride_v 1._o deride_v eorum_fw-la qui_fw-la simulacra_fw-la venerabantur_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d l._n 4._o c._n 1._o innumerable_a of_o all_o nation_n say_v origen_n be_v turn_v to_o the_o christian_a faith_n not_o without_o the_o great_a hatred_n of_o those_o who_o worship_v image_n whereas_o they_o who_o have_v leave_v all_o image_n and_o statue_n be_v his_o description_n of_o the_o christian_n according_o we_o find_v the_o father_n still_o represent_v this_o as_o a_o heathenish_a custom_n 76._o custom_n ad_fw-la autolyc_a l._n 1._o p._n 76._o if_o you_o speak_v of_o the_o greek_n and_o other_o heathen_n say_v theophilus_n they_o be_v the_o man_n who_o worship_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o image_n of_o dead_a men._n 61._o men._n hic_fw-la enim_fw-la gentilis_fw-la est_fw-la error_n orat._n de_fw-fr obit_fw-la theod._n p._n 61._o helen_n when_o she_o have_v find_v the_o cross_n do_v worship_n christ_n but_o not_o the_o wood_n because_o that_o say_v st._n ambrose_n be_v the_o error_n of_o the_o
like_a and_o he_o will_v manifest_o discern_v that_o the_o latter_a be_v void_a of_o life_n and_o corrupt_v by_o time_n and_o therefore_o he_o conclude_v that_o there_o be_v no_o compare_n betwixt_o the_o image_n of_o christian_n and_o of_o heathen_n so_o that_o the_o image_n which_o be_v obnoxious_a to_o the_o injury_n of_o time_n and_o which_o be_v void_a of_o life_n and_o sense_n be_v then_o account_v heathen_a image_n the_o image_n of_o christian_n be_v then_o only_o those_o which_o be_v frame_v in_o the_o immortal_a soul_n of_o men._n according_a to_o that_o of_o theodotus_n ancyranus_n 492._o ancyranus_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d apud_fw-la conc._n nic._n 2._o conc._n to._n 7._o p._n 492._o we_o have_v no_o tradition_n to_o form_v the_o image_n of_o saint_n in_o material_a colour_n but_o we_o be_v teach_v to_o express_v their_o virtue_n record_v in_o the_o write_n concern_v they_o as_o their_o live_a image_n and_o that_o of_o amphilochius_n 484._o amphilochius_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ibid._n p._n 484._o we_o be_v not_o concern_v to_o frame_v the_o fleshly_a person_n of_o the_o saint_n by_o colour_n upon_o table_n but_o to_o imitate_v the_o virtue_n of_o their_o conversation_n 3._o to_o the_o comparison_n make_v by_o celsus_n betwixt_o they_o and_o the_o scythian_n moor_n and_o persian_n in_o this_o matter_n origen_n reply_v 374._o reply_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d l._n 4._o p._n 374._o that_o it_o be_v true_a both_o they_o and_o christian_n be_v averse_a from_o image_n but_o then_o the_o christian_n reject_v they_o on_o better_a ground_n than_o heathen_n do_v viz._n because_o they_o will_v not_o violate_v the_o commandment_n forbid_v the_o use_n of_o they_o and_o because_o they_o dread_v to_o debase_v the_o divine_a worship_n by_o bring_v it_o down_o to_o matter_n shape_v in_o such_o a_o manner_n and_o figure_n and_o 391._o and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d l._n 8._o p._n 391._o because_o find_v by_o the_o doctrine_n of_o christ_n the_o way_n of_o piety_n towards_o god_n they_o avoid_v those_o thing_n which_o by_o appearance_n of_o piety_n make_v man_n wicked_a which_o passage_n assure_v we_o not_o only_o that_o the_o christian_n of_o those_o time_n abstain_v from_o all_o religious_a use_n of_o image_n but_o also_o that_o they_o do_v it_o in_o obedience_n to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o christ_n and_o the_o commandment_n forbid_v it_o i.e._n upon_o the_o very_a motive_n which_o move_v we_o to_o do_v so_o 4_o arnobius_n in_o answer_n to_o the_o same_o objection_n of_o the_o heathen_n that_o christian_n do_v contemn_v the_o deity_n because_o they_o have_v no_o image_n of_o any_o of_o they_o nor_o do_v they_o worship_v their_o effigy_n whereas_o 194._o whereas_o sequitur_fw-la ut_fw-la de_fw-la simulacris_fw-la dicamus_fw-la qua_fw-la multa_fw-la arte_fw-la componitis_fw-la &_o religiosa_fw-la observatione_fw-la curatis_fw-la l._n 6._o p._n 194._o the_o heathen_n make_v and_o with_o religious_a observation_n do_v regard_v they_o give_v this_o reason_n why_o the_o christian_n have_v they_o not_o viz._n 189._o viz._n honorum_fw-la hac_fw-la genera_fw-la aut_fw-la risui_fw-la habere_fw-la si_fw-la rideant_fw-la aut_fw-la indignè_fw-la perpeti_fw-la p._n 189._o because_o say_v he_o we_o do_v conceive_v that_o if_o they_o certain_o be_v god_n who_o we_o worship_v and_o have_v that_o eminence_n which_o by_o that_o name_n be_v signify_v they_o will_v deride_v or_o be_v offend_v with_o such_o kind_n of_o honour_n 2_o he_o tell_v they_o that_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o determine_v 194._o determine_v utrumne_n istud_fw-la serio_fw-la &_o cum_fw-la proposito_fw-la faciatis_fw-la gravi_fw-la a_o ridendo_fw-la res_fw-la ipsas_fw-la ibid._n p._n 194._o whether_o they_o themselves_o do_v this_o serious_o or_o with_o intention_n to_o deride_v what_o they_o pretend_v to_o worship_v for_o 195._o for_o si_fw-mi enim_fw-la certum_fw-la est_fw-la apud_fw-la vos_fw-la deos_fw-la esse_fw-la quos_fw-la veneremini_fw-la atque_fw-la in_o summis_fw-la coeli_fw-la regionibus_fw-la degere_fw-la quae_fw-la ratio_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la simulacra_fw-la ista_fw-la fingantur_fw-la à _fw-la vobis_fw-la p._n 195._o if_o it_o be_v certain_a say_v he_o they_o be_v god_n who_o you_o worship_v and_o that_o they_o have_v their_o habitation_n in_o the_o high_a heaven_n what_o reason_n can_v induce_v you_o to_o frame_v these_o image_n of_o they_o which_o reason_n do_v as_o much_o concern_v the_o roman_a image_n for_o they_o be_v image_n of_o christ_n the_o virgin_n mother_n and_o of_o those_o saint_n and_o martyr_n who_o they_o suppose_v to_o live_v in_o heaven_n 3_o he_o call_v upon_o the_o heathen_n to_o clear_v up_o their_o understanding_n and_o consider_v that_o 200._o that_o simulacra_fw-la ista_fw-la quae_fw-la templis_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la prostrati_fw-la &_o humiles_fw-la adoratis_fw-la ossa_fw-la lapides_fw-la aera_fw-la sunt_fw-la etc._n etc._n p_o 200._o those_o image_n before_o which_o they_o lie_v prostrate_a and_o which_o they_o humble_o adore_v be_v wood_n stones_n brass_n silver_n or_o gold_n and_o such_o be_v also_o all_o the_o image_n of_o roman_a catholic_n and_o have_v urge_v these_o and_o many_o other_o argument_n he_o conclude_v 210._o conclude_v satis_fw-la demonstratum_fw-la est_fw-la quam_fw-la inaniter_fw-la fiant_fw-la simulacra_fw-la p._n 210._o he_o have_v sufficient_o demonstrate_v how_o vain_o image_n be_v make_v whence_o evident_a it_o be_v that_o christian_n than_o esteem_v it_o a_o vain_a ridiculous_a thing_n and_o a_o dishonour_n to_o that_o jesus_n who_o they_o own_v as_o god_n to_o worship_v he_o by_o image_n and_o that_o they_o have_v no_o image_n of_o any_o thing_n in_o heaven_n and_o indeed_o the_o very_a silence_n of_o the_o christian_n as_o to_o the_o matter_n of_o image_n when_o they_o profess_o reply_v to_o this_o impeachment_n of_o the_o heathen_n be_v a_o sufficient_a argument_n that_o they_o allow_v no_o use_n of_o image_n in_o their_o religious_a worship_n and_o that_o they_o pay_v no_o veneration_n to_o they_o for_o shall_v any_o heathen_a now_o object_n against_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n that_o they_o have_v no_o image_n will_v they_o not_o answer_v they_o have_v the_o image_n of_o christ_n his_o virgin_n mother_n and_o of_o his_o bless_a saint_n and_o martyr_n this_o therefore_o shall_v in_o honesty_n and_o reason_n have_v be_v the_o answer_n of_o the_o ancient_a christian_n to_o the_o like_a objection_n of_o the_o heathen_n make_v against_o they_o have_v it_o be_v suitable_a to_o the_o receive_a principle_n and_o practice_n of_o their_o time_n moreover_o the_o heathen_n as_o lactantius_n inform_v we_o think_v a_o image_n so_o very_o requisite_a to_o the_o performance_n of_o religious_a worship_n that_o leyd_a that_o nec_fw-la ullam_fw-la religionem_fw-la putant_fw-la ubicunque_fw-la illa_fw-la non_fw-la fulserint_fw-la l._n 2._o c._n 6._o p._n 169._o ed._n leyd_a they_o imagine_v there_o can_v be_v no_o religion_n where_o there_o be_v no_o image_n and_o this_o induce_v they_o to_o conceive_v that_o albeit_o they_o know_v not_o of_o any_o image_n the_o christian_n use_v yet_o have_v they_o some_o conceal_v among_o they_o and_o hence_o caecilius_n ask_v the_o christian_n 10._o christian_n cur_n occultare_fw-la quidquid_fw-la illud_fw-la colunt_fw-la magnopere_fw-la nituntur_fw-la cur_n nullas_fw-la arras_n habent_fw-la templa_fw-la nulla_fw-la nulla_fw-la nota_fw-la simulacra_fw-la p._n 10._o why_o be_v it_o that_o you_o hide_v and_o conceal_v the_o thing_n you_o worship_v be_v it_o what_o it_o will_v why_o have_v you_o no_o altar_n no_o temple_n no_o know_a image_n not_o doubt_v but_o they_o have_v some_o image_n conceal_v to_o this_o imagination_n of_o the_o heathen_n origen_n thus_o reply_v 120._o l._n 3._o p._n 120._o we_o open_o declare_v the_o venerable_a principle_n of_o our_o religion_n and_o do_v not_o hide_v they_o as_o celsus_n do_v imagine_v for_o we_o teach_v our_o convert_v the_o contempt_n of_o idol_n and_o of_o all_o image_n octavius_z also_o take_v notice_n of_o it_o in_o these_o word_n 36._o word_n putatis_fw-la nos_fw-la occultare_fw-la quod_fw-la colimus_fw-la si_fw-la delubra_fw-la &_o arras_n non_fw-la habemus_fw-la quod_fw-la enim_fw-la simulacrum_fw-la deo_fw-la fingam_fw-la cum_fw-la si_fw-la rectè_fw-la existimes_fw-la sit_fw-la dei_fw-la homo_fw-la simulacrum_fw-la p._n 36._o you_o think_v we_o hide_v what_o we_o worship_v if_o we_o have_v not_o temple_n with_o image_n and_o altar_n and_o then_o he_o answer_v in_o behalf_n of_o christian_n with_o a_o free_a inunuation_n that_o they_o have_v no_o such_o thing_n and_o give_v these_o reason_n why_o they_o have_v they_o not_o what_o image_n shall_v i_o make_v of_o god_n since_o if_o you_o right_o do_v esteem_v it_o man_n be_v the_o image_n of_o his_o maker_n what_o temple_n shall_v i_o build_v when_o the_o whole_a world_n can_v contain_v he_o what_o sacrifice_n shall_v i_o offer_v since_o a_o good_a soul_n and_o pure_a mind_n be_v the_o offer_v that_o he_o will_v accept_v ibid._n accept_v haec_fw-la nostra_fw-la sacrificia_fw-la haec_fw-la dei_fw-la sacra_fw-la sunt_fw-la
other_o place_n they_o affirm_v that_o god_n do_v only_o here_o forbid_v 584._o forbid_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d act._n 7._o p._n 556_o 584._o the_o worship_n of_o they_o with_o latria_n the_o worship_v of_o image_n 412._o image_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d act._n 5._o p._n 355_o 376_o 412._o as_o god_n but_o not_o the_o worship_n of_o they_o with_o doulia_fw-la and_o often_o do_v observe_v that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 248._o or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d act._n 7._o p._n 584._o act._n 4._o p._n 248._o outward_a worship_n by_o salute_v or_o bow_v of_o the_o body_n be_v not_o appropriate_v to_o god_n but_o be_v a_o honour_n oft_o give_v to_o the_o creature_n and_o therefore_o be_v such_o worship_n as_o may_v be_v give_v to_o s._n image_n and_o sure_o it_o may_v be_v charitable_o presume_v that_o the_o father_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n be_v as_o hearty_o concern_v for_o the_o instruction_n of_o their_o flock_n and_o be_v as_o able_a to_o perceive_v as_o roman_a catholic_n that_o seem_a opposition_n which_o the_o veneration_n of_o image_n bear_v to_o this_o commandment_n and_o yet_o we_o do_v not_o find_v in_o all_o their_o write_n for_o five_o hundred_o year_n one_o caution_n to_o inform_v the_o people_n that_o this_o law_n concern_v not_o that_o image-worship_n they_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v practise_v and_o derive_v down_o unto_o posterity_n clemens_n alexandrinus_n origen_n tertullian_n and_o other_o writer_n of_o the_o ancient_a church_n make_v frequent_a mention_n of_o this_o precept_n especial_o when_o they_o discourse_v against_o that_o image-worship_n which_o the_o heathen_n practise_v but_o they_o afford_v not_o one_o jota_n to_o distinguish_v that_o worship_n they_o condemn_v in_o the_o heathen_n from_o that_o which_o they_o be_v say_v to_o have_v then_o give_v to_o the_o image_n of_o christ_n and_o of_o his_o saint_n or_o to_o except_v they_o from_o the_o censure_n they_o so_o general_o pass_v upon_o all_o image-worship_n or_o to_o inform_v we_o that_o the_o worship_n of_o such_o image_n be_v well_o consistent_a with_o the_o second_o commandment_n commandment_n 2._o to_o make_v this_o argument_n yet_o more_o convince_a let_v it_o be_v consider_v that_o these_o very_a father_n thought_n themselves_o concern_v to_o answer_v those_o objection_n which_o papist_n now_o and_o other_o worshipper_n of_o image_n before_o they_o make_v against_o that_o sense_n of_o the_o commandment_n which_o protestant_n embrace_v viz._n that_o god_n by_o it_o forbid_v all_o outward_a worship_n or_o veneration_n to_o be_v pay_v to_o image_n for_o whereas_o they_o object_v the_o 115_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d theodorus_n patr._n hieros_n 2._o council_n nicen._n act._n 3._o p._n 185._o vid._n act._n 4._o p._n 197_o 236._o act._n 6._o p._n 468._o act._n 2._o p._n 107_o 115_o cherubim_v place_v in_o the_o jewish_a temple_n tertullian_n answer_v that_o when_o god_n forbid_v the_o make_v the_o likeness_n of_o any_o thing_n in_o heaven_n or_o earth_n in_o the_o next_o word_n thou_o shall_v not_o worship_v they_o he_o show_v the_o cause_n of_o that_o prohibition_n be_v the_o removal_n of_o idolatry_n and_o therefore_o say_v he_o the_o 22._o the_o sic_fw-la cherubin_n &_o seraphim-certe_a simplex_fw-la ornamentum_fw-la long_o diversas_fw-la habendo_fw-la causas_fw-la ab_fw-la idololatriae_fw-la conditione_n ob_fw-la quam_fw-la similitudo_fw-la prohibetur_fw-la contr_n marc._n l._n 2._o c._n 22._o cherubim_n seem_v not_o here_o forbid_v because_o they_o be_v not_o make_v for_o worship_n but_o for_o ornament_n clemens_n of_o alexandria_n to_o the_o same_o instance_n answer_v that_o 564._o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d strom._n l._n 5._o c._n 564._o the_o cherubim_n be_v the_o symbol_n of_o angel_n glorify_v not_o the_o image_n of_o saint_n for_o he_o who_o have_v advise_v they_o to_o make_v no_o grave_a idol_n will_v not_o himself_o have_v make_v the_o image_n of_o saint_n or_o holy_a thing_n 2_o the_o frame_n of_o the_o brazen_a serpent_n by_o moses_n be_v also_o plead_v in_o favour_n of_o image-worship_n in_o the_o second_o 109._o second_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d act._n 5._o p._n 356_o 357._o act._n 2._o p._n 108_o 109._o nicene_n council_n now_o to_o this_o tertullian_n answer_v that_o this_o be_v do_v by_o 5._o by_o non_fw-fr in_o idololatriae_fw-la titulum_fw-la sed_fw-la in_o figuram_fw-la remedii_fw-la contr._n marc._n l._n 2._o c._n 22._o non_fw-la ad_fw-la derogatioen_fw-mi legis_fw-la sed_fw-la ad_fw-la exemplarium_fw-la causae_fw-la suae_fw-la l._n the_o idol_n c._n 5._o moses_n not_o as_o a_o image_n of_o idolatry_n but_o as_o a_o figure_n of_o their_o remedy_n that_o it_o be_v do_v not_o in_o derogation_n to_o the_o law_n but_o as_o a_o figure_n of_o the_o cross_n 322._o cross_n just_a m._n dial_n cum_fw-la tryph._n p._n 321_o 322._o justin_n martyr_n in_o like_a manner_n say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o figure_n of_o the_o bless_a jesus_n who_o be_v to_o save_v we_o from_o the_o bite_n of_o the_o old_a serpent_n for_o otherwise_o say_v he_o how_o can_v we_o reconcile_v it_o with_o the_o command_n of_o the_o same_o god_n to_o make_v no_o kind_n of_o image_n tertullian_n speak_v thus_o to_o the_o christian_a 5._o christian_a ne_fw-fr facias_fw-la adversus_fw-la legem_fw-la simulacrum_fw-la aliquod_fw-la niti_fw-la &_o tibi_fw-la deus_fw-la jusserit_fw-la de_fw-fr idol_n cap._n 5._o if_o thou_o observe_v the_o same_o god_n thou_o have_v his_o law_n make_v no_o smilitude_n if_o thou_o respect_v the_o precept_n of_o the_o similitude_n that_o afterward_o be_v make_v imitate_v thou_o moses_n make_v no_o image_n against_o the_o law_n unless_o god_n also_o do_v command_v thou_o 3_o to_o the_o objection_n make_v by_o 93._o by_o de_fw-fr fide_fw-la orth._n cap._n 93._o damascen_n and_o before_o he_o by_o celsus_n that_o god_n make_v man_n after_o his_o own_o image_n origen_n reply_v that_o 389._o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d l._n 7._o p._n 376._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ibid._n vid._n l._n 8._o p._n 389._o it_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o be_v a_o image_n of_o god_n another_o thing_n to_o be_v make_v after_o his_o image_n and_o that_o this_o image_n of_o god_n be_v preserve_v in_o the_o rational_a soul_n make_v like_o in_o virtue_n to_o to_o he_o not_o in_o the_o lineament_n of_o the_o body_n these_o be_v the_o exception_n make_v against_o this_o law_n which_o the_o ancient_a father_n diligent_o take_v notice_n of_o and_o show_v not_o to_o be_v breach_n of_o or_o contradiction_n to_o this_o precept_n whereas_o have_v then_o the_o christian_n be_v accustom_v to_o worship_n or_o bow_v down_o before_o the_o image_n of_o christ_n and_o of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n and_o the_o saint_n depart_v this_o practice_n will_v have_v minister_v more_o weighty_a scruple_n to_o employ_v their_o pen_n and_o therefore_o we_o have_v reason_n to_o conclude_v their_o practice_n give_v they_o no_o occasion_n to_o answer_v those_o objection_n which_o romanist_n be_v so_o industrious_a to_o solve_v and_o they_o who_o be_v concern_v about_o lesser_a matter_n never_o mention_n mention_n 3._o but_o then_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o these_o father_n who_o be_v so_o profound_o silent_a in_o the_o particular_n now_o mention_v so_o unconcerned_a to_o show_v that_o any_o veneration_n of_o any_o image_n whatsoever_o be_v any_o way_n consistent_a with_o this_o precept_n be_v very_o loud_a and_o frequent_a in_o declare_v as_o many_o of_o they_o do_v that_o this_o commandment_n render_v the_o very_a art_n of_o make_v image_n unlawful_a to_o the_o christian_a that_o with_o one_o voice_n they_o say_v that_o it_o forbid_v all_o outward_a veneration_n and_o bow_v down_o to_o any_o image_n whatsoever_o and_o that_o they_o do_v as_o full_o contradict_v and_o overthrow_v all_o the_o distinction_n shift_n and_o excuse_n of_o the_o romanist_n whereby_o they_o do_v endeavour_v to_o avoid_v the_o condemnation_n of_o this_o law_n i_o say_v when_o we_o consider_v this_o we_o can_v have_v the_o least_o suspicion_n leave_v that_o they_o shall_v practice_v in_o their_o action_n or_o in_o mind_n approve_v what_o they_o in_o word_n so_o full_o have_v condemn_v and_o 1._o we_o find_v that_o many_o of_o they_o have_v declare_v express_o that_o god_n by_o this_o commandment_n forbid_v the_o very_a make_n of_o a_o image_n and_o render_v the_o very_a art_n of_o paint_v and_o engrave_v image_n unlawful_a to_o the_o christian_n clemens_n of_o alexandria_n style_v it_o 41_o it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d p._n 30._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d p._n 41_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o evil_a art_n and_o add_v that_o we_o christian_n plain_o be_v forbid_v to_o exercise_v this_o deceitful_a art_n the_o prophet_n have_v say_v thou_o shall_v not_o make_v the_o similitude_n of_o any_o thing_n in_o heaven_n or_o in_o earth_n origen_n declare_v that_o 321._o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d
have_v practise_v or_o to_o declare_v as_o do_v the_o second_o nicene_n council_n that_o this_o commandment_n only_o forbid_v the_o worship_v of_o idol_n or_o of_o image_n as_o god_n or_o to_o give_v any_o other_o satisfaction_n to_o the_o jew_n in_o this_o particular_a the_o apostle_n and_o the_o father_n do_v joint_o labour_v to_o remove_v the_o scandal_n of_o the_o cross_n and_o to_o convince_v the_o jew_n that_o it_o be_v reasonable_a to_o worship_v he_o who_o be_v crucify_v upon_o it_o but_o they_o say_v nothing_o to_o remove_v that_o which_o be_v a_o great_a scandal_n to_o they_o as_o the_o confession_n of_o the_o jew_n now_o mention_v do_v assure_v we_o viz._n the_o worship_n of_o the_o cross_n and_o of_o a_o image_n which_o be_v the_o work_n of_o their_o own_o hand_n they_o tell_v the_o gentile_n that_o no_o man_n have_v reason_n to_o condemn_v they_o for_o not_o observe_v the_o new_a moon_n and_o jewish_a sabbath_n but_o give_v they_o not_o one_o item_n that_o they_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o condemn_v they_o for_o make_v and_o adore_v image_n the_o whole_a new_a testament_n which_o take_v especial_a notice_n 2.22_o rom._n 2.22_o that_o the_o jew_n abhor_v idol_n give_v not_o the_o least_o distinction_n betwixt_o a_o image_n and_o a_o idol_n nor_o the_o least_o hint_n of_o any_o of_o those_o evasion_n and_o limitation_n by_o which_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n now_o find_v it_o necessary_a to_o reconcile_v her_o practice_n to_o the_o second_o commandment_n nor_o of_o those_o exposition_n or_o retortion_n use_v in_o the_o second_o nicene_n council_n to_o refute_v the_o clamour_n of_o the_o jew_n which_o be_v a_o full_a conviction_n that_o the_o ancient_a church_n have_v no_o such_o doctrine_n or_o practice_n which_o can_v make_v it_o necessary_a for_o they_o to_o fly_v unto_o these_o romish_a shift_n and_o subtlety_n subtlety_n 3._o to_o conclude_v the_o suffrage_n of_o antiquity_n be_v so_o very_o clear_a the_o testimony_n of_o it_o be_v so_o numerous_a and_o so_o convince_a that_o they_o have_v force_v many_o learned_a person_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n ingenuous_o to_o confess_v either_o that_o in_o the_o primitive_a church_n they_o have_v no_o image_n do_v not_o regard_v they_o or_o that_o they_o pay_v no_o veneration_n to_o they_o but_o rather_o disapprove_v and_o condemn_v it_o the_o universal_a church_n say_v 151._o say_v statuit_fw-la olim_fw-la universa_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la ut_fw-la nullae_fw-la in_o templis_fw-la imagine_v ponerentur_fw-la lib._n de_fw-fr nou._n celebrit_fw-mi p._n 151._o nicholaus_fw-la de_fw-la clemangis_fw-la be_v move_v by_o a_o lawful_a cause_n viz._n on_o the_o account_n of_o they_o who_o be_v convert_v from_o heathenism_n to_o the_o christian_a faith_n command_v that_o no_o image_n shall_v be_v place_v in_o church_n 13._o church_n quem_fw-la non_fw-la modo_fw-la nostrae_fw-la religionis_fw-la expertes_fw-la sed_fw-la testae_fw-la hieron_n omnes_fw-la fermè_fw-la veteres_fw-la sancti_fw-la patres_fw-la damnabant_fw-la ob_fw-la metum_fw-la idololatriae_fw-la de_fw-fr invent._n rerum_fw-la l._n 6._o c._n 13._o the_o worship_n of_o image_n not_o only_o they_o who_o be_v not_o of_o our_o religion_n but_o as_o st._n jerom_n testisi_v almost_o all_o the_o ancient_a holy_a father_n condemn_v for_o fear_n of_o idolatry_n say_v polydore_v virgil_n where_o the_o opposition_n of_o these_o holy_a father_n to_o other_o not_o of_o our_o religion_n and_o the_o mention_n of_o pope_n gregory_n among_o they_o show_v the_o vanity_n of_o what_o the_o 249._o the_o apud_fw-la white_n p._n 249._o jesuit_n fisher_n say_v that_o polydore_n speak_v this_o of_o the_o father_n of_o the_o old_a testament_n not_o of_o the_o new._n 14._o new._n nos_fw-la dico_fw-la christianos_n ut_fw-la aliquando_fw-la romanos_fw-la fuisse_fw-la sine_fw-la imaginibus_fw-la in_o primitiva_fw-la quae_fw-la voco_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la syntagm_n l._n 1._o p._n 14._o this_o sure_o i_o can_v omit_v say_v giraldus_n that_o as_o the_o ancient_a roman_n so_o we_o christian_n be_v without_o image_n in_o that_o church_n which_o be_v call_v primitive_a 5._o primitive_a saevissimis_fw-la his_fw-la temporibus_fw-la de_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la imaginibus_fw-la ne_fw-la cogitârint_fw-la episcopi_fw-la abstinebant_fw-la ad_fw-la tempus_fw-la de_fw-fr council_n eliber_n l._n 3._o c._n 5._o the_o bishop_n in_o these_o time_n of_o persecution_n say_v mendoza_n little_a thought_n of_o image_n of_o saint_n they_o abstain_v from_o they_o for_o a_o while_n lest_o the_o heathen_n shall_v deride_v they_o and_o shall_v conceive_v that_o christian_n worship_v they_o as_o gods._n all_o these_o be_v witness_n against_o the_o second_o nicene_n council_n that_o the_o practice_n be_v not_o apostolical_a universal_a and_o primitive_a what_o opinion_n the_o father_n have_v of_o this_o practice_n these_o follow_a person_n will_v inform_v you_o petrus_n crinitus_n say_v that_o 9_o that_o de_fw-fr hon._n discipline_n l._n 9_o c._n 9_o lactantius_n tertullian_n and_o very_o many_o other_o with_o too_o much_o boldness_n do_v affirm_v that_o it_o belong_v not_o to_o religion_n to_o worship_v any_o image_n 989._o image_n erasm_n vol._n 5._o symbol_n catech_n p._n 989._o even_o to_o the_o day_n of_o jerom_n who_o die_v in_o the_o five_o century_n man_n of_o approve_a religion_n say_v erasmus_n will_v not_o suffer_v any_o paint_a or_o grave_v or_o weave_v image_n no_o not_o of_o christ_n himself_o 163._o himself_o certum_fw-la est_fw-la initio_fw-la praedicati_fw-la evangelii_n aliquanto_fw-la tempore_fw-la inter_fw-la christianos_n praesertim_fw-la in_o ecclesiis_fw-la imaginum_fw-la usum_fw-la non_fw-la fuisse_fw-la consult_v cap._n de_fw-fr imag._n p._n 163._o it_o be_v certain_a say_v cassander_n that_o when_o the_o gospel_n be_v first_o preach_v there_o be_v no_o use_n of_o image_n for_o sometime_o among_o the_o christian_n as_o be_v evident_a from_o clemens_n of_o alexandria_n who_o flourish_v at_o the_o close_a of_o the_o second_o and_o from_o arnobius_n who_o flourish_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o four_o century_n and_o again_o 168._o again_o quantum_fw-la veteres_fw-la initio_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la veneratione_n imaginum_fw-la abhorruerunt_fw-la unus_fw-la origenes_n declarat_fw-la p._n 168._o how_o much_o the_o ancient_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o church_n abhor_v all_o veneration_n of_o image_n origen_n alone_o in_o his_o book_n against_o celsus_n show_v and_o a_o three_o time_n 165._o time_n sane_n ex_fw-la augustino_n constat_fw-la ejus_fw-la aetate_fw-la simulacrorum_fw-la usum_fw-la in_o ecclesiis_fw-la non_fw-la fuisse_fw-la p._n 165._o true_o it_o be_v manifest_a from_o the_o discourse_n of_o st._n austin_n on_o the_o 113th_o psalm_n that_o in_o his_o age_n the_o use_n of_o carve_a image_n or_o statue_n be_v not_o come_v into_o the_o church_n last_o he_o add_v that_o in_o the_o day_n of_o gregory_n the_o great_a that_o be_v in_o the_o six_o century_n 17â—_n century_n quae_fw-la fuerit_fw-la mens_fw-la &_o sententia_fw-la r._n ecclesiae_fw-la adhuc_fw-la aetate_fw-la gregorii_n satis_fw-la ex_fw-la ejus_fw-la scriptis_fw-la manifestum_fw-la est_fw-la viz._n ideo_fw-la haberi_fw-la picturas_fw-la non_fw-la quidem_fw-la ut_fw-la colantur_fw-la &_o adorentur_fw-la etc._n etc._n p._n 170._o consuetudo_fw-la r._n ecclesiae_fw-la pariter_fw-la consractionem_fw-la &_o adoratiovem_fw-la improbat_fw-la p._n 17â—_n this_o be_v the_o mind_n and_o doctrine_n of_o the_o romish_a church_n that_o image_n shall_v be_v retain_v not_o to_o be_v adore_v or_o worship_v but_o that_o the_o ignorant_a shall_v by_o they_o be_v admonish_v of_o what_o be_v do_v and_o be_v provoke_v to_o piety_n that_o the_o roman_a church_n do_v equal_o condemn_v the_o adoration_n and_o the_o break_n of_o image_n that_o the_o second_o nicene_n council_n 172._o graeca_n illa_fw-la synodus_fw-la qua_fw-la parte_fw-la imaginens_fw-la adorandas_fw-la censebat_fw-la damnata_fw-la fuit_fw-la ut_fw-la quae_fw-la consuetudini_fw-la r._n ecclesiae_fw-la adversaretur_fw-la p._n 172._o as_o far_o as_o it_o determine_v for_o the_o adoration_n of_o image_n be_v by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o father_n of_o the_o council_n of_o frankford_n condemn_v and_o reject_v as_o be_v a_o determination_n which_o be_v repugnant_a not_o only_o to_o the_o holy_a scripture_n and_o the_o ancient_a tradition_n of_o the_o father_n but_o also_o to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n and_o in_o a_o word_n 180._o fortasse_fw-la optandum_fw-la esset_fw-la ut_fw-la majores_fw-la nostri_fw-la huc_fw-la usque_fw-la in_o prisca_fw-la illa_fw-la majorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la sententia_fw-la integrè_fw-la perstitissent_fw-la p._n 175_o 179_o 180._o that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v perhaps_o that_o our_o predecessor_n viz._n those_o of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v continue_v in_o that_o old_a doctrine_n of_o their_o ancestor_n to_o wit_n that_o image_n neither_o shall_v be_v break_v nor_o adore_v imag._n adore_v de_fw-fr van._n scient_a cap._n de_fw-fr imag._n the_o corrupt_a custom_n and_o false_a religion_n of_o the_o heathen_n say_v cornelius_n agrippa_n have_v infect_v our_o religion_n and_o have_v introduce_v into_o our_o church_n image_n and_o idol_n and_o many_o barren_a pompous_a
veneranda_fw-la terrena_fw-la lact._n l._n 2._o c._n 1._o p._n 139._o ipsi_fw-la ergo_fw-la sibi_fw-la renunciant_fw-la seque_fw-la hominum_fw-la nomine_fw-la abdicant_fw-la qui_fw-la non_fw-la sursum_fw-la aspiciunt_fw-la sed_fw-la deorsum_fw-la p._n 140._o god_n have_v make_v man_n upright_o with_o a_o face_n look_v up_o to_o heaven_n and_o so_o will_v have_v we_o to_o look_v up_o to_o heaven_n in_o the_o act_n of_o our_o religion_n that_o hence_o it_o appear_v that_o those_o religion_n can_v not_o be_v suitable_a to_o humane_a reason_n which_o cause_v this_o celestial_a be_v to_o bow_v down_o and_o venerate_v earthly_a thing_n and_o that_o he_o renounce_v the_o be_v and_o the_o very_a name_n of_o man_n who_o do_v not_o look_v upward_o but_o downward_o in_o his_o religious_a service_n of_o god._n that_o the_o heathen_n serve_v god_n more_o pure_o when_o they_o have_v no_o image_n supra_fw-la august_n de_fw-fr c._n d._n l._n 4._o ubi_fw-la supra_fw-la and_o that_o their_o religion_n will_v have_v be_v better_a if_o they_o have_v so_o continue_v continue_v 5._o 5ly_n from_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o object_n worship_v by_o these_o image_n and_o in_o honour_n of_o who_o by_o the_o heathen_n they_o be_v say_v to_o be_v make_v or_o real_o be_v make_v they_o frame_v these_o argument_n against_o the_o adoration_n of_o they_o viz._n that_o whatsoever_o deserve_v to_o be_v call_v a_o god_n 189._o arnob._n l._n 6._o p._n 189._o or_o place_v among_o the_o heavenly_a power_n if_o it_o be_v capable_a of_o laughter_n will_v deride_v this_o kind_n of_o honour_n or_o if_o prone_a to_o anger_v will_v be_v provoke_v to_o indignation_n by_o it_o that_o if_o the_o god_n be_v in_o heaven_n supra_fw-la ibid._n p._n 195._o supra_fw-la it_o be_v a_o folly_n to_o direct_v our_o eye_n to_o stone_n and_o wood_n and_o wall_n when_o we_o address_v ourselves_o to_o they_o and_o that_o we_o rather_o ought_v to_o direct_v our_o eye_n to_o heaven_n where_o we_o believe_v they_o be_v 148._o be_v quanto_fw-la igitur_fw-la rectius_fw-la est_fw-la omissis_fw-la insensibilibus_fw-la &_o vanis_fw-la oculos_fw-la eo_fw-la tendere_fw-la ubi_fw-la sedes_fw-la ubi_fw-la habitatio_fw-la est_fw-la dei_fw-la very_fw-la lact._n l._n 2._o c._n 5._o p._n 161._o vid._n p._n 148._o that_o it_o be_v better_a whole_o omit_v these_o vain_a and_o insensate_a thing_n to_o direct_v our_o eye_n thither_o where_o be_v the_o seat_n and_o habitation_n of_o the_o god_n of_o heaven_n and_o that_o god_n must_v be_v seek_v in_o the_o heaven_n that_o we_o may_v be_v free_v from_o hell._n that_o 2._o that_o docui_fw-la religiones_fw-la deorum_fw-la triplici_fw-la ratione_fw-la vanas_fw-la esse_fw-la una_fw-la quod_fw-la simulacra_fw-la ipsa_fw-la quae_fw-la coluntur_fw-la effigy_n sunt_fw-la hominum_fw-la mortuorum_fw-la lact._n l._n 2._o c._n 17._o p._n 227._o quid_fw-la sibi_fw-la volunt_fw-la ipsa_fw-la simulacra_fw-la quae_fw-la aut_fw-la mortuorum_fw-la aut_fw-la absentium_fw-la monimenta_fw-la sunt_fw-la nam_fw-la omnino_fw-la fingendarum_fw-la similitudinum_fw-la ratio_fw-la iccirco_fw-mi ab_fw-la hominibus_fw-la inuenta_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la posset_n eorum_fw-la memoria_fw-la retineri_fw-la qui_fw-la vel_fw-la morte_fw-la subtracti_fw-la vel_fw-la absentia_fw-la fuerant_fw-la separati_fw-la deos_fw-la igitur_fw-la in_o quorum_fw-la numero_fw-la reponemus_fw-la si_fw-mi in_o mortuorum_fw-la quis_fw-la tam_fw-la stultus_fw-la ut_fw-la colat_fw-la si_fw-mi in_o absentium_fw-la colendi_fw-la ergo_fw-la non_fw-la sunt_fw-la si_fw-la nec_fw-la vident_fw-la quae_fw-la facimus_fw-la nec_fw-la audiunt_fw-la quae_fw-la precamur_fw-la lact._n l._n 2._o c._n 2._o the_o religion_n of_o the_o heathen_n be_v vain_a because_o the_o image_n they_o worship_v be_v the_o effigy_n of_o dead_a men._n that_o image_n be_v either_o for_o the_o commemoration_n of_o the_o dead_a or_o of_o the_o absent_a it_o be_v therefore_o folly_n to_o adore_v either_o the_o dead_a or_o absent_n it_o must_v be_v much_o more_o folly_n to_o adore_v their_o image_n image_n 6._o 6ly_n from_o the_o form_n of_o image_n they_o also_o gather_v many_o reason_n to_o condemn_v they_o say_v that_o 391._o that_o opinio_fw-la &_o mens_fw-la imperitorum_fw-la artis_fw-la concinitate_fw-la decipitur_fw-la minuc_fw-la p._n 25._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n clem._n alex._n protrept_v p._n 39_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d strom._n 5._o p._n 559._o species_n membrorum_fw-la parit_fw-la in_o unoquoque_fw-la sordidissimum_fw-la erroris_fw-la affectum_fw-la ut_fw-la quoniam_fw-la in_o illo_fw-la figmento_fw-la non_fw-la invenit_fw-la vitalem_fw-la motum_fw-la credat_fw-la numen_fw-la occultum_fw-la effigiem_fw-la tamen_fw-la viventi_fw-la corpori_fw-la similem_fw-la seductus_fw-la forma_fw-la &_o commotus_fw-la authoritate_fw-la quasi_fw-la sapientum_fw-la institorum_fw-la obsequentiumque_fw-la turbarum_fw-la sine_fw-la vivo_fw-la aliquo_fw-la habitatore_fw-la esse_fw-la non_fw-la putat_fw-la august_n in_o psal_n 113._o p._n 1306._o orig._n adv_o celsum_fw-la l._n 8._o p._n 391._o the_o shape_n of_o a_o carve_a or_o paint_a image_n through_o the_o gayness_n of_o the_o art_n tend_v to_o debase_v the_o soul_n and_o to_o expose_v it_o to_o erroneous_a opinion_n of_o the_o deity_n to_o render_v vile_a and_o contemptible_a the_o divine_a majesty_n and_o by_o a_o show_n of_o piety_n to_o make_v man_n wicked_a and_o that_o therefore_o they_o refuse_v to_o make_v or_o use_v they_o and_o be_v by_o moses_n forbid_v so_o to_o do_v that_o 1307._o that_o quis_fw-la autem_fw-la adorat_fw-la vel_fw-la orat_fw-la intuens_fw-la simulacrum_fw-la qui_fw-la non_fw-la sic_fw-la afficitur_fw-la ut_fw-la ab_fw-la eo_fw-la se_fw-la exaudiri_fw-la pater_fw-la hoc_fw-la enim_fw-la facit_fw-la &_o quodammodo_fw-la extorquet_fw-la illa_fw-la figura_fw-la membrorum_fw-la ut_fw-la animus_n vivens_fw-la in_o sensibus_fw-la corporis_fw-la magis_fw-la arbitretur_fw-la sentire_fw-la corpus_fw-la quod_fw-la svo_fw-la corpori_fw-la simillimum_fw-la videt_fw-la illa_fw-la causa_fw-la est_fw-la maxima_fw-la impietatis_fw-la insanae_fw-la quod_fw-la plus_fw-la valet_fw-la in_o affectibus_fw-la miserorum_fw-la similis_fw-la viventi_fw-la forma_fw-la quae_fw-la sibi_fw-la efficit_fw-la supplicari_fw-la quam_fw-la quod_fw-la eam_fw-la manifestum_fw-la est_fw-la non_fw-la esse_fw-la viventem_fw-la ut_fw-la debeat_fw-la à _fw-la vivente_fw-la contemni_fw-la plus_fw-fr enim_fw-la valent_fw-la simulacra_fw-la ad_fw-la curvandam_fw-la infelicem_fw-la animam_fw-la quod_fw-la os_fw-la habent_fw-la oculos_fw-la aures_fw-la manus_fw-la pedes_fw-la habent_fw-la quam_fw-la ad_fw-la corrigendum_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la loquentur_fw-la etc._n etc._n august_n in_o psal_n 113._o p._n 1307._o image_n be_v reject_v by_o they_o because_o they_o can_v not_o without_o danger_n use_v they_o for_o who_o say_v they_o adore_v or_o pray_v look_v upon_o a_o image_n who_o be_v not_o so_o affect_v as_o to_o think_v to_o be_v hear_v by_o it_o for_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o member_n almost_o extort_v this_o and_o this_o be_v the_o great_a cause_n of_o this_o mad_a impiety_n that_o the_o form_n like_o unto_o one_o live_v who_o likeness_n make_v it_o to_o be_v supplicate_v to_o do_v more_o prevail_v in_o the_o affection_n of_o miserable_a man_n than_o the_o evidence_n that_o it_o do_v not_o live_v at_o all_o do_v that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v contemn_v by_o he_o who_o indeed_o be_v live_v for_o image_n prevail_v more_o to_o bow_v down_o the_o unhappy_a soul_n in_o that_o they_o have_v a_o mouth_n eye_n ear_n nostril_n hand_n and_o foot_n than_o these_o consideration_n can_v prevail_v to_o correct_v the_o error_n of_o it_o that_o they_o will_v not_o speak_v see_v smell_v or_o walk_v walk_v 7._o 7ly_n as_o to_o the_o extrinsical_a impulsive_a cause_n or_o first_o inventor_n of_o image_n and_o image-worship_n they_o declare_v express_o that_o 161._o that_o artifices_fw-la statuarum_fw-la &_o imaginum_fw-la &_o omnis_fw-la generis_fw-la simulacrorum_fw-la diabolus_fw-la saeculo_fw-la intulit_fw-la tertul._n de_fw-fr idol_n c._n 2._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d theodotus_n ancyr_n apud_fw-la 2._o nic._n conc._n art._n 6._o p._n 492._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d epiph._n haer._n 79._o interpret_v agobardo_n agit_fw-fr hoc_fw-la nimirum_fw-la versutus_fw-la &_o callidus_fw-la humani_fw-la generis_fw-la inimicus_fw-la ut_fw-la sub_fw-la praetextu_fw-la honoris_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la rursus_fw-la idola_fw-la introducat_fw-la rursus_fw-la per_fw-la diversas_fw-la effigy_n adoretur_fw-la de_fw-fr imag._n imag._n 31._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d euseb_n praepar_fw-la evang._n l._n 4._o c._n 16._o p._n 161._o the_o devil_n and_o his_o angel_n be_v the_o inventor_n and_o introducer_n both_o of_o the_o image_n and_o image-worship_n of_o heathen_a god_n and_o of_o the_o saint_n that_o the_o devil_n bring_v into_o the_o world_n the_o artificer_n of_o image_n and_o statue_n that_o they_o be_v evil_a angel_n who_o teach_v man_n to_o make_v they_o that_o they_o have_v clear_o prove_v that_o the_o first_o invention_n of_o image_n and_o statue_n be_v from_o the_o devil_n that_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o this_o vain_a counsel_n of_o paint_v the_o visage_n of_o the_o saint_n be_v one_o of_o the_o method_n of_o satan_n a_o invention_n of_o man_n act_v by_o the_o devil_n for_o which_o assertion_n they_o be_v frequent_o anathematise_v and_o condemn_v to_o hell_n by_o the_o second_o