to putrefaction c. Apostemes often tymes comme to putrefaction bycause they canne not wel digeste them selues and those Apostemes ben obscure or darck haue a vehemente tensyon or stretchynge And he sayeth moreouer that whan ye se an Aposteme of great payne and that the payne seme to diminisch and the coloure to waxe grene or blacke ye maye saye that that Aposteme inclineth to corruption and cankerdnes whyche corruption commeth by reason of two causes The fyrste is the multitude of the mattier Causes of corruption and often tymes the malygnyte and small quantytie of the same Another cause of corruption is the inconuenient and vntimely application of medicines repercussyue and sometymes by the application of thynges muche resolutyue in the tyme of the increace of an hote Aposteme For often tymes medicines resolutyue resolue subtyle partes and the grosse remayne and cause putrefaction of the membre By reason of abundant mattyer Thys corruptyon is wounte to chaūce in an hote Aposteme for that that thorough the multytude of the sayde mattier it can not be ruled and moderated by nature nether by the waye of resolution nor by the waye of suppuration and so it muste nedes comme to putrefactyon and it causethe oftentymes the hole membre to rotte Therfore Auicenne sayth well that the Aposteme that commethe not to rypenes nor to declination is euyll and is the cause often tymes of the mortification of the membre Thys corruption also as we haue sayd commeth oftētymes thorough venemous malignite of humours whych nature canne not amende nor moderate nor bringe to maturation or suppuration nor to true resolution We sayde moreouer that corruptiō of Apostemes may chaunce thorough applicatyon of thynges to repercussyue in the tyme of the encrese of hote Apostemes and also in the tyme of declination as Auicenna wytnessethe sayinge that it chaunceth often thoroughe the applicatyon of thynges repercussyue that the mattier retourneth to pryncipall membres And often it chauncethe that the Aposteme waxeth harde and causethe the membre to seme grene and to corrupte Furthermore we haue seen that corruption of an Aposteme hath chaūced thorough defaute of appliynge cōuenyent maturatyue Medicines For an exemple put the case that a man hathe an hote Aposteme and to rype the same a Chirurgien layeth vpon it a maturatyue hote and moyste it shulde be doubtefull leste thoroughe hys heate the maturatyue shuld draw great quantytie of mattier and cause great peyne nether canne nature moderate or amende the mattyer by the waye of suppuratiō and so of necessite the mattyer rotteth in the membre corrupteth the same Auicenne warneth vs to auoyde this inconuenientie touching the maturatyon of hote Apostemes as of cholere wyth bloode and counselleth vs to applye colde and moyste maturatyues And he sayeth that the heade of the Aposteme muste be emplaistred wyth Psillium and colde and moyste defensyues muste be layed all aboute as an emplastre of the decoctyon of mallowes of the sayde Psillium of violettes made accordynge to art and science Lykewyse a playster maye be made of the meale of barley of Oyle of violettes and the yolke of an egge wyth the leaues afore named Finally an Aposteme endeth by induration thorough applying of thynges to muche resolutyue whyche resolue the subtyle humour leauynge the grosse And also thorough application of thynges to muche repercussyue Thys by the gyfte of God we haue ended thys Chap. whose name be praysed ¶ The seconde Chapitre of curynge of flegmon procedynge of the cause primityue WE haue declared in the former chapitre what flegmon is howe manye kyndes there ben of it and in howe many sortes it may chaunce to mans body furtheremore what an Aposteme is and how it endeth In thys present Chapitre we wyll declare the curation of the same As we haue sayde flegmon chauncethe some tymes whan the bodye is replete and sometymes whan the bodye is not replete but neate cleane And whan flegmon chaunsethe to a cleane bodye not fylled wyth euyl humours as Auicenna sayeth it muste be cured wyth thinges mollificatyue and resolutyue as is a playstre of the meale of wheate wythe water and Oyle of Violettes And yf the bodye be fylled wyth humours the naughtye mattyer muste be purged before medicines ben minystred vpon the Aposteme For els whan resolutyon shulde be made alwayes newe mattyer wolde comme Wherefore whan flegmon chaunsethe to bodyes fylled wyth humours ye muste fyrste make a Phlebotomy that is you must cutte a veyne yf the strength and age of the patient wyll suffer Or the patient muste take a purgation Afterwarde ye must laye vpon the Aposteme thinges mollificatyue and resolutiue And thā there is one maner of curing this and that other whiche chaunseth to a cleane bodye sauynge that an Aposteme in a cleane bodye requyrethe not thynges so repercussyue as that that is in a bodie replenyshed with humours And the reason is bycause that the mattier beynge in a bodie replenysshed wyth humours canne not be so well purged but that some quantyte wyll comme to the place of the Aposteme And it is not so in a cleane bodye whyche hathe not superfluous humours And therefore Auicenne sayed well in the aforesayde place that whan the Aposteme fyndeth the bodye wythout superfluytes of humours the Aposteme muste be cured onely wyth mollificatyues and resolutyues wythout repercussyues And to resolue thys Aposteme whan a man seethe that it commethe to the waye of resolutyon we muste make thys prouisyon We muste take of mallowes and of Violettes A resolutyue of eche an handefull and of the rootes of Altea called Holyhocke or marche mallowes some what stamped a pounde lette them boyle all in water of sufficyent quantyte Of thys decoctyon make a playstere wyth the floure of barley and beanes and wheate and a lytle branne well boulted and lette them boyle agayne tyll they ben thycke and putte therunto in the ende of Oyle of Roses of Oyle of Camomylle of eche ℥ ij and. ss and a lytle Saffran A playster Another playster for the same purpose Take of the cromes of breade well cerced a pounde of the brothe of veale or mutton or of an henne in whyche the rootes of Altea or Holyhocke and the rootes of Lyllies were sodden putte the breade into thys decoctyon whyle it boylethe Than strayne them all vehementlye and stampe them in a mortare And whan they ben well stamped putte vnto them of Oyle of Comomylle of Oyle of Roses of eche ℥ ij of Oyle of Lyllies of hennes grese and buttyre Ana ℥ vj. And of the decoctyon asmuche as shall suffyce and sette them on the fyere agayne stirrynge them aboute tyll they comme to a fyrme and styffe mattyer wherewyth ye shall make playsters to be layed vpon the flegmonike Aposteme twyse a daye Another resolutyue playster swagynge the payne and confortynge the synnowie places in thys forme Take of the rootes of fresche great mallowes called Althea or Holyhock li. j. of the rootes of
maye chauÌ„ce thorough sondrye causes Some tymes through a cause primitiue and some tymes thorough a cause antecedent It commeth of the cause primitiue thoroughe brusynge or breakyng In brusyng it chauÌ„seth bycause the chirurgieÌ„ procedeth with thynges to colde whyche engrosse the matter and so cause putrefaction Sometymes the pores or passages ben stopped by whych nature sendeth the nourishement and lyfe to the membre And by reason of that stoppynge the vytale spirites can not come to the meÌ„bres So the membres beynge destitute of the vytale spirites do corrupte and rotte It chaunseth moreouer some tymes to them that go in the snowe Some tymes thoroughe to strayte tyenge of the membre For by reason there of the spirites can not come to the membre As we haue sene often thoroughe the strayte tyenge of a broken bone of the thyghe the legges or the armes We haue sene also Esthiomenos to haue chaunsed throughe vndiscrete application of sharpe medicines in whych arsenike realgar lyke entre And lykewyse thorough applicatioÌ„ of thynges stupefactiue and coolynge Of the cause antecedent Esthiomenos chaunseth often as of some venimous pustle not wel cured at the fyrst of the chirurgieÌ„ as we haue ofteÌ„ sene to haue chauÌ„sed in Anthrax carbo We haue sene moreouer thys prohibition of spirites to haue chaunsed through the corruption of some particuler meÌ„bre procedynge of greate Apostemes flegmonike froncles Foruneâ—â— In whiche oftentymes grosse and harde matter is engendred lyke a synnowe halfe rotteÌ„ In whyche apostemes the wayes and pores bene shutte oftentymes and by reason there of nouryshement and lyfe can not come to the membre and so the membre rotteth and dyeth We haue sene thys putrefaction in the handes and fete of them whyche haue ben longe in sharpe fieuers so that theyr bodies beyng destitute of natural heat became leane drye the extremitees of theyr bodyes cheflye theyr legges were reduced to suche colde and congelation or stupefaction cheflye in the wynter that it semed that the membres were altogether depriued of naturall heate Neuertheles though the membres semed colde the patient complayned of great payne and heate and inflammation as yf actuall fyer hadde bene there Also we haue sene it chaunse wythout payne goynge before wythout inflammation wythout inflatioÌ„ wythout liuidite or bleunes wythout blacke coloure of the place as it chauÌ„sed in Cancrena ☞ in a noble woman of the cytie of Genue called Saluagina de Grimaldis whyche fell in to thys corruption after a loÌ„ge dysease Thus it is euidente to euerye bodye what esthiomenos is Of the cause antecedent Estiomenos chaunseth not often but by the corruption and putrefactioÌ„ aboue named And it maye come by one of these thre causes as Auicenne sayeth that is to saye thoroughe the cause that corrupteth the complection of the membre and the spirite animall whyche is in the same membre or by some other cause defendynge the vitall spirite to come to the membre or by some thinge that gathereth together the two intentions as we haue declared in thys present chapitre and as it chauÌ„seth often by applyenge some locall medicine that is not conuenient and lykewyse by some venimous pustle corrumping the naturall complextion of the membre and dystroyenge the animall spirite whyche is in the membre so that the vytall spirites sente of nature to conserue the naturall heate of the meÌ„bre can not come to the membre bycause the place is mortifyed and eschared And thus necessarelye foloweth prohibition of the vytall spirites that they can not come to the places and also there foloweth mortifycation and corruption of the complection of the membres and of the vytall spirite remaygnynge therin Yf Esthiomenos maye come by one of the three causes aforesayde it maye much more come by two knytte together c. ¶ The seuententh chapitre of the cure of Cancrena Ascachilos and Esthiomenos AFter that we haue sufficientlye declared what Cancrena Ascachilos The â—ure of Cancrena and Esthiomenos is and the dyffereÌ„ce of the same in thys presente chapitre we wyll make mention of the cure of them The curation of these three dyseases dyfferre not but in the greater or smaller corruption for the one is a waye to the other We wyl declare after oure power the cure of these three dyseases whych is accomplyshed by three intentions The fyrste is the ordynaunce of lyfe The seconde to purge the mater antecedent The thyrde is to take awaye the matter conioyncte and corrupte and to kepe the hole partes from corruption The fyrste intention that is to saye the dyaete is accomplyshed accordynge to that that is spoken in the chapitre of Herisipelas Thys one thynge I saye that in thys case the brothe of a chekyn wyth herbes as beetes laictuce borage buglosse cicoree is verye good The seconde intention shal be accomplyshed wyth cut tynge a veyne called commune or the lyuer vayne or some part ouer against the hurted place so that the strength and the age of the patient be consydered Digestiue Afterwarde the mater shal be digested wyth this syrupe taken warme in the mornynge â„ž of syrupe of vyneaygre called acetosus symplex of syrupe of the iuyce of endiuiae and of fumiterre ana â„¥ ss of water of fumiterre buglosse and hoppes ana â„¥ i. when the patient hath vsed this syrupe the space of foure dayes Purgation let hym take thys purgation minoratiue â„ž of cassia of diacatholichon ana â„¥ i. make a smale potion wyth a decoction of cordiall floures and frutes and put there vnto syrupe of violettes â„¥ i. and. ss Thys I I saye yf the dysease make truce wyth the patieÌ„t giue time to euacuat the mater After that he hath takeÌ„ the sayd minoratiue two dayes after it shall be good to euacuate the naughtye matter wyth thys potion â„ž of cassia fistula of diacatholicon ana Ê’ vi of an electuarye of roses after Mesue Ê’ ij make a small potion wyth the coÌ„mune decoction adde of tamarindes â„¥ i. ss of syrupe of violettes â„¥ i. The thyrde inteÌ„tion whych is to take awaye the matter antecedente and to kepe the place from rottynge is accomplyshed in this maner At the begynnynge when the place waxeth blacke then there is no better remedy then to scarifie the blacke place Leeches wyth sondrye scarifications and depe layenge leeches or bloodsuckers aboute the place corrupted And then to washe the place wyth lye wherin Lupines haue ben soddeÌ„ in good quaÌ„rite For as Galene Auicenne saye the vertue of them taketh away rooteth vp all cancrous vlceres And we haue often proued thys decoction in thys case and haue founde it good for the patientes wyth the application of vngueÌ„tuÌ„ Egyptiacum of our description washynge the vlceres wyth the sayd decoctioÌ„ The descriptioÌ„ of vnguentuÌ„ EgyptiacuÌ„ is after this sort â„ž of verde griece of roche alume of honye ana â„¥ .ij. of whyte vinaygre Vnguentum Egyptiacum of the
not suffre stronge medicines and quyckely receaue putrefaction Wherfore whan the body is weake of a disease not furious and in a membre of delicate complection and of easye putrefaction than the aygre medicines ought to be of smale mordication or bytyng And lykewyse in contrarye dyspositions they muste be strōg And as Cornelius celsus sayth we muste cure an immoderate qualite of a disease wyth a vehemente remedye a meane wyth a meane Hypocrates sayeth that to extreme diseases extreme remedyes ben necessarye c. Thus endeth thys present Chapitre for which the name of god be praysed ¶ The .xviij. Chapitre of Carbunculus and Anthrax CArbūculus is a lytle venimous pustle burnynge the place where it is Carbunculus And it makethe at the begynnynge a blader and than an eschare as yf it hadde been made of fier or seethynge water and it is wyth intolerable payne burnyng and inflammation al aboute whyche pustle is some tymes redde or yelowe some tymes grene or blewe and sometyme blacke And euerye one of thies after the opinyon of Rasis is mortall bycause of theyr venime neuertheles that that is redde or yelowe is not so daungerous as that that is grene or blacke Auicenne sayth that they whych haue a blacke carbuncle escape not deathe howbeit we haue seen manye to haue escaped And thies pustles carbunculus and Anthrax differre not as olde and new wryters testifye but in gretnes and smalnes For as Guillermus placentinus sayth Anthrax Anthrax is nothyng els but a Carbuncle tourned in to malygnite whyche hathe not been well healed And the colour of it is fyrst chaunged from redde in to grene afterwarde becommeth blacke and by that change we see often that the place commethe to a corrosion and great mortification of the membre in whyche Anthrax is Thies pustles ben multyplied in the tyme of pestilence and in pestiferous regions as Auicenna saythe And those ben more suspected in the tyme of pestilence than in other tymes by reason of the infectyon of the ayre They chaunse often in the emunctories or clensynge places by the waye of termination ad Crisim For the noble membres sende the infectiō to places lesse noble And Auicenna saythe that euery Crisis is grod Crisis but in a fieuer pestilentiall Carbūculus Thys pustle is called a Carbuncle bycause the place where it is becommeth redde and burneth wyth great payne as yf a coale were layed vpon the membre Anthrax Anthrax is a greke word and sygnifieth also a coale for it gnaweth and eateth the flesche as a burnynge coale And ye muste note that Anthrax is a malygne pustle hauyng about it certayne lytle yelowe veynes of the coloure of the rayne bowe For the sayde veynes ben sometyme redde somtyme grene and blacke And at the begynnynge the pustle is no greater than a lentile hauynge the poynte fyxed inwarde It causeth intolerable payne wyth cruell accidentes wyth great ponderosite or heuynes as yf leade on the place dydde oppresse it and the patyent hathe great luste to slepe We wyll wryte a specyall Chapitre of Carbunculus and Anthrax and of the Aposteme whyche chaunseth to them that haue the Pestylence called Bubo Nowe it is euydente what dyfference there is betwene Carbunculus and Anthrax namely in greatnes and smalnes Signes of dethe in Carbunculus After thys knowelege We muste comme to the sygnes whych ben fyue Fyrste ye shall note that yf the Carbuncle appeare and than departe and hyde hymselfe wythout greate alyenation or chaunge of the patient it is a sygne of deathe Secondly yf the place in whyche the Carbuncle was drye vp wythout raysonable causes it sygnyfyeth that the patyent is nygh deathe after the sentence of Hypocrates Thyrdlye yf it be right ouer agaynste the harte or the stomake for the moste parte it is mortall The fourthe pronostyke is whā the Carbuncle commethe to the clensynge plases it is mortall bycause hys venimousnes commeth easelye to the pryncypall membres The fyfthe is that amonge the emunctories those of the harte are moste suspected of deathe The reason is euydent to thē that consydre the poysonned nature of the mattyer For it is alwaye the nature of Venimous mattyer to assaute fyrste the harte as the captayne of mannes bodye Thus thys present Chapitre is ended for whych the name of god be praysed ¶ The .xix. Chapitre of the cure of Carbunculus and Anthrax IN the cure of Carbunculus The cure of Carbūculus Anthrax and Anthrax fyue intentions ben required The fyrste is to ordre the lyfe The secōde to purge the mattyer antecedent The thirde to take awaye the mattier conioyncte The fourthe to purifye the ayre of the house and to rectifie it frome daye to daye and to counforte the harte aswell wythin as wythout The fyfthe to correcte the accidentes Diete The fyrste is accomplysshed by the syx thynges not naturall declinynge to coldnes and dryenes as the ayer and meates ce Wherefore the patient muste eate the meates declared in the chapitre of herisipelas as laictuce a ptisane of barley wyne of Granades and al aygre thynges as Limmōs Veriuyce and lyke thynges mēgled wyth hys meates Semblably ye muste gyue hym in the fyrste dayes a brothe of a chickin and flesche altered wyth veriuyce wyth commune seedes brayed Almandes and the cromes of breade well leuenned Ye maye gyue hym also delayed wyne of small strength and that is of the nature of wyne of Pomegranades Neuertheles thys I admitte only yf the bodye be weake and the disease furious and the accidentes euyll For Auicenne saythe in the chapitre of a fieuer pestilentiall They that eate stronglye perchaunse scape the daungier of so great a disease Finally they that haue a Carbuncle or Anthrax lette them be gouerned as they that haue a Pestilentyall fyeuer The seconde intention is to purge the mattier antecedent And it is accomplished by purgyng the humours by conuenient medicines Flebotomye of the same parte and by flebotomie Assone as ye shall perceaue thys dysease to be euydente incontinently cutte a veyne in the sydewhere the Carbuncle is and not in the opposyte or contrarye And before ye cutte a veyne ye muste alwaye vse a Clister lenityue howbeit some saye that ye muste cutte a veyne in the part opposyte or ouer agaynst regardyng more the daungyer of drawynge the venimous mattyer to the sore place than the peryll of the venimous mattier passynge ouer the pryncipall mēbres They that ben of thys opinion doe euyll as a lerned Chirurgien Antonius Gainereus testifyeth sayinge that in the curation of a Carbuncle or of a pestiferous kernell or botche called Bubo a flebotomye must not be made but in the same parte where the Aposteme is And it muste be done without anye tariynge For whan nature perceauethe that a pryncypall membre is hurte she enforceth to sende the infected bloude to the emunctores as hyr enemye wherefore yf ye lette bloode
where vpon it stretcheth it selfe in length whan it receaueth Imagined thynges And afterwarde it is drawen together lyke an erthe worme which thing it doeth whaÌ„ the vertu extractiue thynketh vpoÌ„ apprehended and determined thynges vntil the sentence be pronounced And it prolongethe it selfe lykewyse whaÌ„ remembraunce of thynges declared is apprehended by the thyrde ventricle Of thes two substaunces one is as a redde worme as it is afore declared and it may stretche forthe and drawe backe The other is as it were a knockle whiche closethe it selfe and openethe And this was ordayned of nature that the apprehended semblaunces shuld not passe from one veÌ„tricle to another whaÌ„ a man wil cease from exterior operatioÌ„s of the senses or thynkyng and deuysyng The saide seconde ventricle is smal and thynne and it passethe frome the fyrste to the last and toucheth bothe And therfore it is an instrument of two vertues namely of thynkyng and diuidyng and of inferrynge one thynge of another And the seconde vertue is to iudge to discerne true thynges from false ¶ Of the thyrde ventricle ¶ The thyrde ventricle hathe hys seate in the hyndre parte of the heade And in substauÌ„ce it is harder than the other wherfore the synnowes which growe out of it or out of the Nuke which is the vicarie of the sayd veÌ„tricle ben of harde nature And the ryme called pia mater is not ioyned with thys ventricle as with the other bycause it is harde ynough of his own nature The substauÌ„ce of the other is softer than of this therfore nature wolde that pia mater shulde ayde the other to coÌ„teyne the brayne It is made after the figure of a steple that is large beneth sharp aboue that it miÈt retayn in his large parte pronouÌ„ced sentences kepe theÌ„ secretly as a chest whyche couereth a treasure his coÌ„plection is colde and drie ComplectioÌ„ the coÌ„plection of the seconde veÌ„tricle is hote moyst The Nuke wrapped in two pannicles procedyng from the braine hath his begynnyng of this laste ventricle goethe downe by the hole of the bone called Basilare passethe by the middest of the spondeles vntill he touche the ende of the backe bone The said Nuke is like mary of semblable substaunce as the braine is and hath the same accidentes that the braine hathe It is necessarie to knowe that seueÌ„ payre of synnowes haue theyr generation immediatly of the brayne after the length therof and thirtie payre which passe thorough the middle of the nuke and one which hath not a felowe Further more in the extremite of the fyrst seconde veÌ„tricle in desceÌ„dyng Lacuna There is a hole called Lacuna that is a syncke in the middest wherof there is a lytle hole which coÌ„meth to the rouffe of the mouth by which superfluites beÌ„ purged it procedeth directly frome the seconde ventricle and passeth by the bone called Basilare lykewyse the paÌ„nicle named Dura mater is bored thorough in the fore parte vndre the bone of the foreheade that by it the superfluites of the ventricles might be purged by the conduyctes of the nose And another reason there was that by the conduycte of the nose the vertue of smellynge myght be made perfaicte And rounde aboute the sayd coÌ„duycte ben certayne rounde pieces of flesche standynge out whyche after Mondine ben produced to sustayne the veynes and the Arteries whyche mounte vp frome rhete mirabile to the sayde ventricles and therefore there ben glandules or kernelles hard by the Rhete mirabile Rhete mirabile The sayde Rhete mirabile is lyke a nette and is therefore called Rhete for this pannicle is compouned onlye wyth Arteries as Guido hathe declared saying that in certayne places an Arterie is diuided froÌ„ a veyne as in the middle of the arme and in Rheti mirabili ¶ The .iiij. Chap. of the Anatomie of the necke and of the throte WE haue declared in the former chapiter the Anatomie of the heade It is nowe requisite that we speke of the face of the necke of the eyes of the throte theyr partes And fyrst we must knowe that there ben in the throte two conduyctes Of whiche by one the meate and drincke passe Meri descendyng in to the stomake is called Meri or Oisophagus in Englishe the Gulle beynge coÌ„pouned of two thynne skynnes and of synnowie small thredes or fylmes Of whyche skynnes or Tunicles the one is verie synnowie in the parte touchynge the palate or rouffe of the mouthe The other is fleschie full of muscles whyche in the outwarde parte is ioyned to the pannicle of the stomake Trachea Arteria The other conduycte called Trachea Arteria or the wesaunde is that by whiche the wynde or Ayre is conueyed to the longes The fyrste conduycte called Meri is situated vpon fyue spondiles of the necke behynde and goth downewarde tyll he be ioyned to the middriffe whiche is a skynne compassynge the longes And after the opynion of Rasis The throte of that conduycte Meri the stomake procedethe The throte is the begynnynge of the sayde conduyctes in whyche there is an emptie place where the two Amigdales ben Amigdales that is to saye two pieces of flesche after the facion of two Almondes one in the right syde and the other in the lyfte And thes Amigdales ben fleschie synnowie that they may be the stronger for they gyue entraunce to mete and dryncke that they maye easely passe in to the conduycte called Meri or the Gulle and they helpe the ayre to go in to the weasauÌ„d by the Epiglotte The Epiglotte is a certayne eminence Epiglotte whych appeareth in the throte in the toppe of the wesaunde produced of nature for thys purpose that in eatynge and drynckynge nothynge entre in but the ayre And whan anye thynge goethe in it makethe a manne to coughe tyll it be out agayn And the vtilite of thys partycle is thys that by the meane thereof the bodye drawethe and retayneth ayre accordynge as it is necessarye and it helpethe also to fourme and fascion voyces In the fore parte as we haue sayde is the Trachea Arteria or wesaunde compouned of gristellye rynges ioyned one to another hauynge an inwarde pannicle whyche tyeth the sayde rynges one to another whyche ben verye rough in the inwarde parte and are ioyned to the throte gulle beynge a lytle separated the one frome the other The throte gulle is made lyke a cane compouned of veynes Arteries and synnowes procedynge of the syxe payre of synnowes whyche coÌ„me from the fore parte of the braine And on the ryght and the lyfte syde there ben certayn instrumeÌ„tal veynes called Guidegi vpon the which great Arteries are situated Guidegi And therefore the cuttynge and pryckynge of them is dangerous by reason of the nyghnes and affinitie that they haue with the lyuer and the harte For often tymes a man dyethe by suffocation or chokynge whan the veynes of the poulse
fygure of a crosse of such quantitie that the skynne or blader maye be clearely taken away But yf it can not be taken awaye at the tyme of incision by the reason of the issuynge of bloode in suche case it is conuenient to fille the place with vnguentum egyptiacum of oure description or wyth a trocisque of minium or elles rubbe it wyth a ruptorye of capitell of whyche we wyl speake by the grace of God in oure Antidotary Afterwarde whan the blader is takē awaye the vlcered place must be cured as we haue sayde before Furthermore there chauncethe in chyldrennes heedes an aposteme full of water The cause is after Guilhelmus Placentinus the multitude of mēstrual moystnesse which coulde not be rectified by the mother nor by the chylde bycause of hys evyll qualitye and nature coulde not dryue it from the heade Thys watrinesse sometimes is betwene the sculle and the skinne and causeth often so great eleuation that the chirurgien can not fele the sculle pressynge hys fyngers vpon it Sometymes thys watrines is betwene the dura mater and the brain panne thā it is of harder cure than the fyrst of greater daunger The doctoures haue shewed no great remedie of thys watrines willyam Placentyne and Lāfrancke cured it wyth oyle of camomille and of dylle wherein the strength of branne is Some commaunde to open the place wyth an actuall cauterye poynted applyeng it in sondry places and causynge the water to come oute by lytle and lytle not dryenge it sodaynly They lay vpō the cauterysed place wolle weeted in the foresayd oyle We wyll describe oure curation of thys aposteme Epitheme whych we haue often proued wyth the profitte of the patient and our owne honoure makinge no incision after thys sorte R. of camomylle and melilote ana m̄ i. and ss of sticados of the leaues and graynes of mirtilles of roses ana m̄ i. ten nuttes of cypresse of branne and beanes ana m̄ ss boyle all these thynges together wyth redde wine and lye of vine asshes vnto the cōsūption of half thā strayne thē with two large spōges dipped in this decoctiō and somwhat pressed let the head be epithemed in the place wher the aqnositie or watrines is the space of a quarter of an houre takyng away one and layeng one another After this euaporation I applied the vnguent folowynge layenge on agayne the sayd sponge strōgly pressed and wrounge And so remouynge the sponge from syxe houres to syxe houres renuynge it within a few dayes I healed the aposteme Oyntment The forme of the linimēt is thys ℞ of oyle of camomill roses myrte ana ℥ ss of oyle of spike ℥ i. oyle of dille ℥ i. ss of brāne ʒ x. of camo melilote dille sticados squinātū ana a lytle of nuttes of cypresse in nombre ij braye the thynges that ben to be brayed grossely then boyle them wyth a cyath of wyne of good odoure beynge two yeares olde vnto the consūption of the wyne thē strayne them adde to the straynynge of saffran ℈ i. of whyte waxe ℥ i. Let them boyle agayne a lytle Thys liniment hath a merueylous effecte in dryenge the water wyth resolution and confortation of the place Yf it chaunce that there be engendred in the head a pustle or carbuncle for the cure thereof resorte to the chapiter of a carbuncle One thynge is diligently to be obserued in the application of all remedyes that is that the sore membre be conserued in hys naturall complection Foure consyderations in all cures as Guido sayeth there ben foure consyderations by whyche the demonstration of the cure of al dyseases is taken The fyrst The fyrst consideration is taken of the complection of the mēbre For Galene sayeth that hote membres desyre hote aydes drye membres drye aydes for theyr conseruation and lykewyse moyste membres wyll haue moyste preseruatiōs c. For euery mēbre desyreth to be conserued by his semblable or lyke And as a dysease wyll be healed by hys contrarye so euerye parte wyll be conserued by hys semblable fleshye membres desyre no greate desiccation or dryeng bycause of theyr moysture but the drye desyre to be more dryed The seconde The seconde consyderation of curynge is taken of the complection of the bodye For some bodyes ben of thynne conuerture some of thicke and we must procede otherwyse in them that haue rare or thynne bodyes then in them that haue thycke For thynnes declareth that the matter maye easely come forthe and thycknes contrarywyse And Auicenne sayeth speakynge of humidite in hote places and in colde places that humidities in colde places are of greater actiuite and dygeste better The reason is bycause ther strengthes bene greater And he speaketh cōtrarye wyse of humidities that chaūce in hote places sayenge these men are sone resolued the other not lyghtlye Wherfore the countre or region is to be obserued of whych Cornelius Celsus speaketh ☜ in the preface of hys fyrst boke sayenge that the kyndes of medicines dyfferre accordynge to the dyuersite of the places as one medicine is good at Rome another in Egypte another in Fraunce And yf the causes of dyseases were semblable and egall in all countrees semblable remedyes shulde be in al countrees Wherfore it is euidente by the reasons alleged that we muste vse dyuerse medicines accordynge to the dyuersyte of membres and after dyuersyte of tyme and countrees Thyrdly The thyrde the cōsyderation of the cure of a dysease is taken of the vertue and complection of the medicine and of the sensibilite or felyng of the membre For sensyble membres as the pannicles of the eyes synnowes pia mater can not endure stronge and sharpe medicines The membres that haue no felynge as bones and ligamentes procedyng of bones maye sustayne strōger medicines Wherfore Auicēne sayde well as a synnowe dyscouered nedeth alleuiation or easynge of the payne so ligamētes that growe out of bones nede stronge medicines bycause they haue no sensibilitie The fourth The fourth consyderation is taken of the makynge or position of the membre For some membres are set in superfyciall places some in depe Dyseases that ben in superficial places must be cured wyth lyght medicines But those that are in depe places requyre strōge medicines The reason is that before the operation of the medicine canne come to the depe place it loseth a great dele of hys vertue wherfore the medicine muste be stronge and penitratiue Concernynge the forsayd dyseases it is to be noted that some take theyr denomination after the places where they growe As yf a quytterous and flegmatyke aposteme be engendred in the heade it is called Talpa yf thys matter come to the eyes it is called Ophtalmia yf it come to the throte it is called Squinantia or a quince yf to the handes a chyragra yf to the fete Padagra yf to all the legges Vndimia and so forth of other humours Thus endeth thys presēt
make a cerote in good forme This oyntmēt is excellēt for the woundes in whych the synnowes ben hurt Finallye the remedies that shal be wrytten in the nexte chapiter maye be administred in this case Thus. c. ¶ The .xv. cha of solution of continuite of synnowes and chordes THe woūdes of the synnowes as the doctours testifye cause euyll accidentes woundes of sinnowes and chordes and daūgerous diseases bycause of their great sensibitie or feling and bicause of the greate coniunction whyche they haue wyth the brayne wherfore they must be diligentlye cured and by a discrete chirurgien The accidentes and diseases that ensue thereby are these spasmes the palsy vehement payne colde fieuers apostemations perturbatiō of reasō watchynges greate alterations and great loethsomnesse of meate And oftentymes the woundes of the synnowes are apostemed by the way of deriuation of matteir and do cause of spasme without greate payne goyng before as Auicenne teacheth The cause of solution of continuite of sinnowes maye chaūce sōdry waies namely by brusynge thinges as by a stone a staffe c. or by cuttynge thynges as by a swerde a kniffe c. And likewise by poītedthīges as by a dagger a nedle a nayle an arow c. And some ben after the breadth with a totale incision of the sinnow Some with the incision of halfe the synnowe The woūdes that ben made after the lēgth of the membre sinnowes are not so daungerous as they that ben made after the breadth But whā the sinnowes ben halfe cut the woūd is more daungerous than whan the sinnowes ben holy cut For Auicēne sayeth that the hole parte of the synnow is hurt by the sore parte thorow the vehement payne there often ensueth spasmes palsies other accidētes And therfore it is necessary sōtimes for the auoydaunce of the sayd accidētes holly to cutte the hurted synnow For Auicenne so teacheth by the auctoritie of Galene The hurtyng of sinnowes of contusiō or brusinge is harder to be healed thā the other aforesayde The reason is bycause the maturation digestion resolution can not be finished in short tyme by reasō of the quitture which cometh of the contusion Ye shal cure solution of continuitie caused by incision or cuttyng by thinges desiccatyue In that that is caused by contusion ye shal procede with cōuenient digestyues that ye may seperate and sondre the quitture frō the hole partes that is to say the part of the hurt sinnow frō that that is not hurt Further we say that solution of cōtinuitie of the sinowes caused by pūction prickynge or foynynge is more daūgerous thā the other caused of a cuttynge thynge But amonge other the punction which breatheth not out that is to saye in whych the wounde is closed that the hurt mēbre can not digest the humours deriued to the sore place is moost daungerous whyche thing Mesue testifieth by the auctoritie of Galene sayenge a spasme foloweth the punction of the sinnowes chordes chiefly whā it breatheth not out And of the same punction oftentymes there is produced a venomous aposteme which by reasō of the cōtinuitie of the synnowe is conueyed to the brayn causeth a spasme epilepsia Somtymes in the place of the pūction there is engendred a rotten aposteme For the auoydaunce of the said accidentes Galene comaundeth to open the sayde aposteme and to administer a medicine attractiue of subtile substaunce and desiccatyue whereof we wyll speake more playnly in thys present chapiter To conclude touchynge pronostication we say that al woūdes about the ioynctures brynge greate daunger of deathe For bycause that the synnowie chordes ben made bare vpon the ioyntes they cause the foresayd accidentes And they are sone made bare bycause they ben in the ouerparte of the ioynctures whyche thynge maye be proued by Galene and Auicenne saynge the synnowe is a single membre and a right precious instrument procreated of nature from the brayne and the nuke the braynes vicarye to giue felyng and mouyng to the other partes of the hole bodye To come to the cure of thys solution of continuite of synnowes The cure we say that there are foure intentions required therunto The fyrst apperteyneth to diete The seconde to euacuation of humours The thyrde to prohibition remotion of accidentes which empesche the true cure The fourth shal be accomplished by the administratiō of diuerse remedyes accordyng to the diuersitie of accidentes whych cōmunely chaunce whan the synnowes bene hurte Concernyng the first intention we say that the diete must be subtile and slender at the begynnynge bycause of the sayd accidentes For it is the doctrine of Auicenne sayenge Dieta c. Furthermore bycause of the accidentes the disease maye be called Peracuta passio that is to say a sharpe disease And yf the disease be sharpe the diete must be slender wherfore it sufficeth at the beginning to giue the patient breade sodden in water or almādes with a litle sugre His drincke maye be a simple ptisane or water boyled wyth fyne sugre or wyth a iuleb of violettes And whan the daunger of apostemation is passed that is to say seuen daies after the hurte ye may giue the patient more nourishinge meates as chickynnes soddē with Laictuce and other conueniente herbes Also for hys dryncke ye maye gyue him wyne of good odoure with sufficient quantitie of sodden water Thys diete is cōuenient to make good incarnation of the hurt sinnowes And in processe of tyme by lytle and lytle the patient maye come to his accustomed maner of eatynge and drynckynge Concerning the seconde intention whyche is conuenient purgation after the disposition of the body we haue sufficiently treated in the chap. of the cure of flegmon by the ayde of god we wil speake more largely therof in the .ix. boke in a cha appoynted for laxatyue medicines wherunto ye shall resorte But the sayd intētion is moreouer accōplished by flebotomye diuersiue whan the age and strength consente therunto and whan the patient is of sanguine cōplexion and also by rubbynges ventoses In the meane season it is good to kepe the bellye loose with clisters we haue founde it profitable also to plūge the patientes legges in a decoctiō of thinges anodine that is to saye whyche take awaye payne chiefly whan the hurt is in the superiour partes whan the said hurt is in the nether part namely in the legge it is conuenient to washe the armes wyth that decoctiō wherof we haue spokē in the cha of the quynce For the sayde decoction turneth away mattier and resolueth gentlely The thyrde intention shal be accomplished as it foloweth Firste ye shall note that the accidētes which happē by pūction or hurt of the sinnowes bene thre namelye vehement payne a spasme and perturbatiō of reason And with these many other ensue as fieuers c To auoyde the sayde accidentes it is necessarye to begynne by medicines that swage payne and kepe of putrefaction wyth gentle attraction as we
wyth the accidentes of a canker wherfore ye shall resort to the chapiter of a canker Neuertheles for a more certayne doctrine we wyll recite some remedyes alowed in thys case And fyrst a linimente after thys sorte â„ž of the herbes called gallitricuÌ„ politricuÌ„ ana mÌ„ i. of the fourthe kynde of nightshade called manicon Aprenâ—â—ce remedy mÌ„ ss of hole sower pomgranades noÌ„bre two of nyghtshade mÌ„ ss stampe them all together presse them seeth them wyth two ownces and a halfe of licium vnto the thycknes of hony WheÌ„ ye haue applied thys linimeÌ„t wyth lint or coton ye shall also apply vngmÌ„ of tucia written in our antidotary Item tutia poudred wyth antimoniuÌ„ and a lytle burned leade hath a marueylouse prerogatyue in thys case the vlcere beyng a fore hande mundified with our poudre of mercurye Moreouer the herbe called verucaria or wartworte roteth vp all cankerous mattier so it be not olde growen in the bone of whyche herbe we wyl speake more plainly in the seueÌ„th boke Moreouer the iuyce of manicoÌ„ and of houndestong may coÌ„ueniently be vsed and lykewyse vngmÌ„ albuÌ„ camphoratum wyth the iuyce of plaÌ„tayne and nightshade and a lytel tutia We haue wrytteÌ„ other remedies in the chapiter of canker whych may be well applied in thys case ¶ The .xxv. chapiter of the vlcers of the throte of the necke OFten tymes there chauÌ„ceth aboute the throte about the necke Of vlcers of the throte strophulous vlcers somtyme they ben holowe somtymes full whyche are engendred of colde meter The cure of whereof shal be thus accomplished Fyrst conuenient purgation accordynge to the humours and ordinauÌ„ce of diete presupposed as it is wrytten in the chapiter of sephiros Yf the sayde vlcers ben scrophulose namely hauynge superfluous fleshe bounchyng out they shal be cured wyth the cure of vlcered scrophules And yf they be holowe the shal be cured by the cure of holowe scrophules But as oure custome is we wyll declare certayne remedyes whych we haue proued Fyrst the patient must absteyn froÌ„ all colde moyst meates as we haue sayd in the chapiter of vndemia and thaÌ„ it shal be profitable that the patient take in the breke of the daye of this electuarye the quantiite of a sponeful â„ž of sirupe of sticados of honye of roses anÌ„ â„¥ vi of syrupe of violetes â„¥ .iiii. of Turbith preparate A lectuary to purge fleume Ê’ vi of agaryke made in trosciskes Ê’ x. of gynger Ê’.v of cinamome Ê’.ii of polipodye â„¥ i.ss of anise Ê’.vii of triacle Ê’.iii of fyne suger â„¥ .v. bray the thynges that are to be brayed and make an electuary After that ye haue geuen this electuary ye must study to remoue the mattier conioyncte and superfluous and vnctuouse flesh with the administration of vngmÌ„ egiptiacum and if it be necessary wyth the trosciske of minium wrytten in our antidotary And in delicate ê‘sonnes we haue vsed our poudre of mercury and afterwarde for mundification ye shall washe the place wyth water of Alume and applye lynt wyth hony of roses And bicause the vlcers of the necke requyre great drieng by reason of the moisture that coÌ„tinuallye descendeth froÌ„ the brayn our custome was for the cicatrisation to apply lynt with vngmÌ„ ceraseos our poudre cicatrisatyue IteÌ„ we haue proued thys oyntment folowynge to be good in all tymes vnto perfit curation â„ž of oyle of white lillies of the oyle of lynsede anÌ„ â„¥ .iii. oyle of roses odoriferouse oyle myrtyne anÌ„ Ê’.ii of litarge of golde and syluer of minium anÌ„ â„¥ .i. of white diaquilon with guÌ„mes â„¥ .iiii. of goates suet and wethers suet anÌ„ â„¥ ii.ss of shippe pitch and greke pitche ana â„¥ i.ss of the iuce of houndestonge â„¥ .iiii. seeth thes thinges together til the iuyce be coÌ„sumed and that the ointment receyue a blacke colour and theÌ„ strayne them through a cloth set them on the fyre agayne and lette them seeth tyll they be verye black and that done adde in the ende therunto of cleare terebentine â„¥ .iii. of opoponax â„¥ ii.ss Thys oyntmeÌ„t hath vertue to purge the mattier and to incarne and mundifye the sayd vlcers and to make good cicatrisatioÌ„ Item we haue proued good to applye the herbe called houndestong and to bynde it vpoÌ„ the vlcere Thus we c. ¶ Here foloweth the thirde treatyse of the fourthe boke whyche speaketh of vlcers of the brest the backe the ribbes and the armes ¶ The fyrst chapiter of the vlcers of the backe Vlcers of the backe THe vlcers of the backe as we haue sayd in the chapiter of the wouÌ„des of the sayd place are daungerous for many causes as it is there alleged The cure of the same differeth not from the comune cure of other vlcers wherfore yf they be rotteÌ„ or corosyue ye shall resorte to the chapiter of rotten and corosyue vlcers and lykewyse of other kyndes But you shall note one thynge that is to saye that the medicines whyche must be applyed in the same place oughte not to be so sharpe as those that be applyed in all other places And the cause is for that that in the backe there is a great multitude of synnowes procedynge out of the nuke wherfore in rotten vlcers of the said place it sufficeth to applye vngmÌ„ egiptiacum with asmuch of vngmÌ„ apostolo meÌ„gled together And in fylthye and mattrye vlcers it sufficeth to applie our oyntment with one part of vngmÌ„ egiptiacum and of two partes of vngmÌ„ apostolorum In lyke maner to mundifie them ye maye vse an abstersyue made of hony of roses of the iuyce of smallage of sarcocol of the iuyce of affodille with terebentyne and floure of lupyns Item yf the sayd vlcers ben holowe ye shall not vse sharpe and corosyue lotions For by towchyng the synnowes they maye induce a spasme If ye maye vse an incision wythout cuttyng of veynes synnowes it wolde be more laudable then to vse sharpe medicines chiefly when the mouth of the vlcere is aboue the holownes beneth Yf ye can not coÌ„uenientlye vse incision bycause of the daungers ye muste mundifye the place wyth thys lotion folowyng whiche hathe vetue to mundifye all holowe vlcers from mattier and euyll fleshe wythoute greate payne A good lotion â„ž of lye made of the asshes of the vyne tre or the figge tre of equall strengthe as is barbers lye Ê’ vi of oure poudre of mercurye Ê’.ii of sarcocolle Ê’.i of honye of roses â„¥ i.ss mengle them together Thys lotion muste be applied warme wyth a syrynge and it must remayne in the holownes the space of a daye before ye apply any other medicine for the forsayd medicine eateth yll flesh and turneth the fylth into good matter After they ben muÌ„dified wel whiche thyng is knowen by the growynge of good fleshe by laudable quyture ye must washe the place with water of barlie and honye of roses onely or wyth an
tyme maye be well vsed in these vlceres The lynemente also vnderwritten is conuenyente in thys case wherewyth ye shall anoynte all the legge ℞ of the iuce of plantayne of nyghte shade or the sede therof housekele ana ʒ.vi of oyle of rooses odoriferous of vnguentum populeon ana ℥ iii. of lytarge of golde and syluer ana ℥ .ii. of vyneger of rooses ʒ.ii of camphore ʒ ss make a lynemente of all these in a mortar of leade for thys lynemente dilateth sharpenesse of humoures and suffereth not the matter antetedente to passe to the matter conioynte Abande also wette in vineger and water of rooses and strayned is necessarye to defende the matter antecedente and cole the place c. The .vii. chapter of a member corrupte and rotten throughe incision ⸫ AS we haue sayde in the chapter of cancrena Of a putryfyed member a member putryfyeth .iii maner of wayes Fyrst by a thing that corrupteth the naturall complexion of the member as by venyme hote or colde Secondelye a member is corrupted throughe the prohibicion of vytal spirites whyche were wonte to come to the member Thyrdelye by a thynge that causeth the two foresayd impedimentes as by a venemose pustule and by a medycyne putrefactiue vndiscretelye administred as arsenyke and realgar As we haue seene The cardinalles muste be gloryously tytled in the mooste reuerente Lorde my Lorde the Lord Facio of the tytle of Saynte Sabyne Cardinall whiche had the apostemes called herpes and Estiomenus in his ryghte foote throughe the defaute of naturall heate and wekenesse of the member and also throughe hys long ague and by reason of the vehemente wynter that was that yeare Wherefore we beganne fyrste to cure the corrupte member wyth the cure of cancrena and askachillos and that wyth sondrye scarifycations and lykewyse we washed the place wyth salte water and wyth the decoction of lupynes soden in lye and some tyme wyth myxte vineger and salte And after the lotion we administred vpon the rotten boone twyse a daye vnguentum egyptiatum after the descrption of Auycenne that the partes adioynynge myghte be kepte from putrefaction And because as Celsus sayth the remedyes profytelytle in thys most cruell dysease and the canker seaseth not to crepe yet one remedye there is to cutte the corrupte member away that the hole parte of the body be not enfected Wherefore I seynge that the forsayde remedyes ware not conuenyent and that they coulde not defende the putrefactiō but that it crept ouer the knee dayly more and more I councelled to cutte the legge of aboue the ancle betwene the hole and the corupte parte and than to cauteryse the same howbeit certayne greate Phisicians of the Romayne courte resisted myne opinion wythoute reason and auctoritie though I had astablished it with other of the sayde auctorytyes and also wyth the auctoritie of master Iohn Marcerathensis So they wolde not suffer that the member shulde be cutte of yee one of them promysed that he woulde kylle the dysease wyth the onelye applycation of arsenycke but the sayde arsenycke through the wekenesse of the member and naturall heate coulde notte worcke accordynge to the mynd of the Phisicion but rather gnawed and rotted the membre And albeit that the sayde physition that worse is affyrmed that he woulde mayntayne the corrupte mē ber with the hole the space of tenne yeares yet the sayde cardynall was constreyned to dye through that enterpryse And because this chaūce is rare I haue declared the processe thereof that the phisitions maye not in suche be deceyued In the yere of our lorde M.D. and .ix. at syxe a clocke of the nyghte the fyrste daye of Februarye there chaunced a vehemente peyne withe inwarde pryckynges in the lyfte foote of the sayde cardynall insomoche that he cryed that his foote was burned And yet in touchynge the membre was as colde as yse vnto the knee and yet it felte not naturally nor perfectlye but after the maner of a false felyng Moreouer there apered no chaungyng of the membre in coloure no rednes nor swellynge vntylle the .vii. daye In the nyghte tyme he was vexed a certeyne space with the foresayde peyne and it swaged some what in the day tyme. And when he arose frome his bedde he semed to carye a great weyght of leade in his foote whiche peyne continued vntylle the seuenth daye euery nyght as we haue sayd In the seuenth day the membre was mortified welnygh from the ancle dounwarde Of whyche mortification we douted fyrste afterward we ware certified in the seuenth day that the membre was plainly mortified Foundyng our pronostication vppon Willelmus Placentinus a man of gret auctority in chirurgerye whose woordes be these The sygnes sayethe he of peynes whiche proocede of a colde cause in the extremyties of members are theese Losse of heate and readnes benommynge styfenesse and heuynesse and pryckyng of the place whych thinges signifie that the palsey shall ensue or that the member is mortified In the same daye the forsayd cardinall was vexed wyth a vehemente feuer and sounded ofte and was vtterlye oute of quiet in al his bodye so that al the phisicians thought that he wold dye the same daye by the reasone of the crueltie of the accidentes wherfore there assembled the hole college of phisicions in the mornyng to dispute of the qualitie of the desese and of the cure therof and there was greate discorde amonge them concernynge the same for some of thē sayde it was the frenche pockes some sayde the gout some that the membre was benommed some that it was mortified and cankerd I and mayster Iohn Macerathensis alowed the laste opynyon and I declared to the foresayde Phisycyons the effecte of the matter by experyence and mooste weyghtye argumentes For though the membre semed not corrupted nother in swellinge nor in coloure sauynge that it was somewhat blewyshe yet in the presence of them all I scarified vpon the place vnto the bone and caused no paine to the cardinall and the bloode that issued oute was grosse and thicke as it ware congeled and of a very blacke coloure lyke ynke which thinge done the phisiciōs chaunged theyr myndes and consentyd to our opinion though they resisted vs concernynge the cure of the desease Hitherto we haue declared the storie nowe we wyll returne to our purpose Fyrst purgacion of the bodye by a lenitiue clister or some other lenitiue medecyne presupposed there is no better remedye than to cutte the corrupted member nygh the hole part so that some of the corrupted membre remayne and that for thre causes Fyrste that insicion maye be wythout payne Secondlye that fluxe of blood maye be aduoyded Thyrdelye that a cauterisation maye be vsed wythoute payne The maner to cutte the corrupte member is thys Fyrst ye must proue wyth a prouet howe the mortificacyon of the membre gooethe and afterwarde ye muste cutte the membre syrcle wyse in the fleshye and musculose parte and ye must dyseuer
tables that thoroughe theyr spongiosite they myghte drawe theyr nouryshment And they ben full of pores that the moyst fumes ascendynge from the brayne maye vapoure out wythout the hurte of the brayne The hed was made of sondrie bones to the entente that yf one parte were hurte it shulde not be commucated to the other And that the Anatomie of membres cōtained in the head might be more euidently declared it is profitable after that ye haue taken awaye the flesche of the sculle of the eyebrowes to diuide the brayne panne with a sawe circularely For incontinently assone as it is opened ye maye see the inner table full of pores and glassie as the outwarde and ye may see also the saide true commissures to whiche the pannicle called dura mater is knyt and ioyned Nature hathe produced thies commissures for foure causes The first is that the veynes maye entre by them whiche brynge nourishement to the brayne The seconde that the fillettes or thredes of the sinowes procedynge from the braine maye comme out and gyue felyng to the partes lying aboute The thyrde that the vapoures ascendyng to the braine may haue passage The last that the pannicle dura mater maye be holden vp that it greue not the braine By the middele or sagyttalle commyssure there passe two veynes procedynge frome the liuer and entre in vndre the sculle lyke wyse by the hole of the bone called basilare theyr commethe an Arterie procedynge frome the harte and ascendeth in to the heade vntil he ioyne hymselfe to the sinowes and veynes afore sayde Of whiche the harde pannicle called dura mater is cōpouned and is ioyned to the commissures procedynge wythout them by certaine lytle synnowes and as it were heres so that those synnowes and heere 's or thynne thredes commynge out of the commissures make a pannicle whiche couereth all the sculle and is called Gingiua mater or Pericraniū Pericraniū Therfore it was conuenient that an Arterie shulde ascende vpwarde frō the hart for if hys pulsatiue mouynge and subtile bloode shulde haue gone downewarde it wolde haue descended to hastely Therefore it is moderated by mountynge or goynge vpwarde Neuertheles it was mete that the veyne shulde goe downewarde frome the ouer parte to the nether that the grosse bloode myght easely descende Also the sayde veynes synnowes Pia mater and arteries ioyne them selues together agayne as it is sayde and make a pannicle verye thynne and subtile called pia mater whiche couerethe al the braine And than the sayd veynes and arteries goe downe to the braine and gyue it lyfe nourischement and vitall spirite procedyng from the harte And asmuche more as the braine receaueth of that vitall spirite so muche more perfecte ben the animall spirites The brayne is a substaunce full of marye diuided in to three vētricles of whyche there is one in the fore parte which is greater than the other three The brayn◠The seconde is in the myddest The thyrde hath hys resydence in the hyndre parte And therfore after Galenes iudgemēt it is the foundation of imagination and of deuysynge and of remembraunce Rasis also affyrmethe that the thyrde ventricle is the fountayne of the senses and voluntarie mouynge The Nuke is as it were a streame descendynge from the sayd partie The Nuke and the synnowes that comme frome the same are as it were lytle ryuers commynge out of a greate streame And moreouer the sayd Rasis sayeth that whan the heade sprynge that is the brayne is endammaged al the ryuers namely synnowes descendynge frome the same be also endammaged by the reason of participation But yf anye harme chaunce to the ryuers the foūtayne is not alwaye hurted but the places wherunto the synnowes are directed The substaunce of the braine is whyte and full of marye and softe and of a colde and moyste qualyte In whyche qualytee it differreth frome the maryes of other bones For it was not ordayned to nourishe the sculle but to conteyne the brayne to preserue the same And the pryncypall vtilyte of it is to tempre the heate of the vitall spirites procedynge frome the harte that the animall spyrites myght be made Of vētricles We sayed before that the brayne hathe three ventricles and the former and the hynder after the opinyon of Anatomistes ben diuided in the myddell that is to saye in the ryght syde and in the lyfte and the sydes of them ben wrapped aboute wyth the sayde pannicles goynge here and there vnto the fundation by whiche the ryght parte is diuyded frome the lyfte In the fore parte that is in the fyrste ventricle consysteth fantasie Fantasie whyche retaynethe the semblaunces of thynges receaued by syght and hearynge In the hyndre parte consisteth the vertue imaginatiue Imaginatiue vertue whyche apprehendethe thynges receaued reteyned by fantasie In the middel ventricule resteth the commune sense Commune sense whych apprehendeth the semblaūces of thinges brouze vnto hym by particulare senses and therefore it is directed to that place and there is ended And hereby appeareth the profite of this ventricle which serueth to imagination or fantasie to the cōmune sense and was produced that it shulde gyue sense animal spirite to al the instrumētes of felyng Also the accidētes which may chaūce to this ventricle ben apparant as solution of continuite euyll complectiō the payne of migraime whan there is anye hurte in the ventricle and some tymes it sufferethe Apostemes hote colde Yf the Aposteme be hote and cōsiste in the pānicles it is called Sirsen Syrsen Yf the Aposteme be colde it is called Lethargus Lethargus and inducethe forgetfulnes And yf by chaunce there be an Aposteme in the substaūce of the braine it is called a mortal Aposteme There maye also chaunce to them a disease by reason of the euyll composition with yf it bee vtterly stoppynge ether it is by vapoures Vertigo and than causeth Vertigo or scotome which is a darckenīg of the syght and a swymmyng in the head as though all thynges turned aboute Or yf it be of an euyll humour than it causeth astonishement and the Palsie Palsye And yf al the ventricles of the braine be stopped with the substaunce of the braine Apoplexie they cause a cōtinuall apoplexie Also the braine is diuided in to foure partes the former the hynder the right the lyfte in the former parte bloode raigneth in the hyndre parte flegme in the right cholere in the lifte melancholie And therefore the former parte is hotest ¶ The seconde ventricle AFter that we haue spoken of the fyrst ventricle and of the seate and complection of it and of the vtilities and diseases that maye chaunce to the same it is conuenient that we speake of the seconde vētricle In the ende of the first ventricle there ben two smal partes or substaūces after the maner of the nastrelles of a man whyche ben to the ventricle as it were a bedde
speake of the mēbres in the belly called conteynynge And fyrst of Siphac Siphac Siphac is an harde pannicle growynge out of the midriffe which descendeth towarde the spondyles of the backe And the stomake and the guttes bene susteyned by the sayde pannicle and it endeth in the nether parte of the bellye And of the sayde Siphac the two didimes ben engēdred which descende to the stones ouer the bone called os Pectinis Didimes And the didymes ben thin skynnes which compasse the stones holde them hangyng And through the myddest of them certaine veynes arteries passe By whiche the seede is conduicted to the stones and so cōueyed to the yarde by these didymes two lytle braunches ascende from the stones which are called the vesselles of seed ¶ Of the stones THe stones ben nombred amōg the principal membres The stones which nature hath made for generacion And they ben of glandulos and whyte flesh And they are also of gret felyng by reason of the participacion that they haue with the sinnowes of Siphac and by reason of certayne small fylmes or thredes procedynge from Mirach Therfore whan the zirbus or caule descendeth with the didymes it stretcheth them oute beneth And it is the cause of greate payne so that the paciente thynketh that his guttes be rent from the fat ¶ Of the yarde and of the blader The yarde THe yarde is a membre very ful of sinnowie lacertes with many ligamentes veynes and arteries It is hollowe and that holownesse is ful of ventosite or winde engendred in the pulsyng veynes by which ventositie the eleuation of the same commeth This eleuacion procedeth chefely of the arteries whiche come from the herte for the herte gyueth volūtary motiō to the sayd arteries The ligamentes of the yarde procede frō the bones of the thighes And the synnowes growe frome the nether parte of the nuke and by reason of those sinnowes the sayd yard is of great felynge The veynes of it procede out of a greate veyne descendynge from the lyuer And the arteries procede of a great arterie descendynge from the hert whan the herte gyueth voluntarye motion to them And the sayde veynes and arteryes ben greater and euydenter in the yard and vnder the tonge then in anye other place of the body Therfore bycause of the synnowes it hath participacion with the nuke bycause of the veynes and arteries it hath particypacyon with the herte and the lyuer And about the yarde in the extremitie therof there is found symple flesh as we haue sayde And thus the partes of the yarde ben euydent and the profyte namelye to conserue kynde The qualitie of the sayde yarde by reson of the partes compouninge it is colde and drye The blader is a vessel compouned of two tunicles ordeyned of nature to receyue the vrine It is situated betwene the ouer part of the two bones of the thighes and the arse hole And in his mouthe called the necke of the blader there ben lytle muscles which draw the necke togyther and kepe in the vrine The vrine is conduicted from the reynes to the bladder by two emunctories or clensers called Pori vritides whiche whan they touche the bladder Pori vritides they entre throughe one of the forsayde pannicles and afterwarde they passe bytwene two tunicles of the blader tyl they come to the necke thereof In which place they pearce through an other tunicle and descende to the concauitie of the bladder conueynge the vrine thyther ¶ The Matrice or wombe THe matrice is situated betwen the blader The matrice and the gutte called intestinū rectum it is very synnowye that it may stretche out whā a woman is with chylde It hath also two ventricles which ende at one mouth and it hath lytle additions of flesh called the two hornes of the matrice and behynde them the two stones of a woman ben situated And the sayde stones ben smaller and broder than a mans but they ben not so lōg And the seed of a woman descendeth to them through the myddest of the matrice The necke of the matrice is stretched to the wycked of a woman and this necke is to the woman as the yarde is to a man Furthermore the mouthe thereof is strayte and harde in maydens hauynge fyue lytle veynes which breake whan a maiden is defloured The matrice The matrice of a woman with child is so closed that the poynt of a nedle can not entre in And therfore the accustomed purgations come not forth For whan they issue out it is a sygne that the chylde is not in helth as Hippocrates wytnesseth And whan the tyme of deliueraūce is come or whā an aborcemēt chaūceth the necke of the matrice so stretcheth out that the chylde may passe throughe The generacyon of a chylde is of Sperma or seed and it is noryshed with menstruall bloude And the fourme of a male chylde is sooner fynisshed than of a woman whyle the chylde is in the matrice certaine veynes come to the same by which the infaunt receyueth his noryshment we wyl not declare here howe it receyueth hys norysshment for that pertayneth more to phisitions than to Chyrurgeins Neuerthelesse thus moche ye shall knowe that the sayd veynes by which the chylde receyueth nourysshmente breake whan the tyme is come that the chylde shal be borne ¶ The .xiii. and .xiiii. Chapter of bones and of the muscles of all the bodye WE sayde in the first Chapiter of simple membres that there bene in mans body two hūdred fourtie and eight bones besides the bones called laude and Sisamina bycause the Chyrurgians name them cōmunely in latin we thought good so to ordre them in latin as it foloweth A Os coronale .i. B Ossa parietalia .ii. C Ossa petrosa .ii. D Os laude .i. E Os basilare .i. F Ossa paris .iiii. G Ossa nasi .ii. H Ossa colatorii .ii. I Ossa mādibule superioris .xx. K Ossa mandibule inferioris .ii. L Spondilia vera et mēdosa .xxx. M Ossa furcule .ii. O Ossa vtriusque spatule .ii. P Os vtriusque adiutorii .ii. Q Os vtriusque focilis .ii. R Ossa rasete manuum .xviii. S Ossa pectinis manuum .x. T Ossa digitorum manuū .xxx. V Os focile minus brachiorū .ii. X Caste vere et mendose .xxiiii. Y Ossa thoracis .vii. Z Os cordis .i. Os Epiglottale .i. 9 Ossa ancarum .ii. a Ossa coxarum .ii. b Rotula genuum .ii. c Minor canna tibiarum .ii. d Os chaab tibiarum .ii. e Os nauicularis tibiarum .ii. f Ossa pectinis pedum .viii. g Ossa calcanei pedum .ii. h Maior canna tibiarum .ii. i Ossa caude .iii. k Os pectinis .i. l Ossa digitorum pedū .xxviii. m Dentes .xxxii. ¶ The .xiii. Chapter of muscles WE said before that the muscles of mānes bodye bene in nōbre .431 Muscle A muscle is a membre cōpouned of flesh synowe ligamente synnowye fylmes and of a Pannicle couerynge the sayde partyes And
chiefly whyche come of the pockes whyche by other medicines could neuer be healed wherfore if you nede the same cerote you must resort to that cha or to our Antidotary where you shal finde it ¶ The .x. cha of ignis persicus and pruna THese two names ignis persicus Ignis persicus pruna and pruna as AuiceÌ„ne saith may betakeÌ„ absolutelye for euerye pustle the bladereth causeth a burnyng inflaÌ„mation as yf the vlceration shulde come of fier or of a cauterye and wyth thys bladeryng and burning it is escarous These pustelles differ not but touchynge the greater or smaller inflaÌ„mation The difference betwixt ignis persicus pruna And they ben both of venymous and corrosiue mattier But ignis persicus hurte the lesse than pruna And therfore pruna is of harder resolution and exiccatioÌ„ as Auicenne testifieth The reason is bycause the mattier of pruna is more grosse than the mattier of ignis persicus And the mattier of ignis persicus is of coloure enclynynge to purple rednes And it is called pruna of the lykenes of a cole and ignis persicus of the lykenesse of a flame of fyer The coloure of pruna is more duskishe blacker The signes of pruna bene The signes that the roote hath a blacke coloure wyth inflaÌ„mation of the place and wyth a lytle rednes The rote of ignis persicus is alwaye redde and prima hath not so great eleuation as ignis persicus The cause is that pruna hathe parte of melancholie And melancholie of his nature maketh not great eleuation Moreouer pruna hath a certayne rough hardnes as yf it were a rynge worme or tettre And therfore no great eleuatioÌ„ appeareth but the one parte is some what lyfted vp and the other depressed And pruna is more enflamed about then ignis persicus The signes of ignis ê‘sicus ben these it is more eleuate and lyfte vp than the other but it is not of so great adustion or burnyng and it hath a certayne cruste and bladers and meane inflaÌ„mation and itchynge The cure wher of we wyll declare in the nexte chapi as breifly as we can ¶ The .xi. cha of the cure of Ignis persicus and Pruna The cure of Ignis persicus pruna THe curatioÌ„ of Ignis persicus and pruna hath foure intentions Of whiche the fyrste is ordinaunce of lyfe the seconde digestion and purgatioÌ„ of the matteir antecedent The thyrde is good gouernaunce remotion of the mattier conioyncte The fourthe correction of the accidentes The fyrst and seconde intentions ben accomplyshed by the doctrine declared in the cha of the cure of Herisipelas The thyrde intention whyche is to gouerne the matteir and to take it awaye is accomplyshed by the administration of conueniente medicines vpon the place of griefe after vniuersall purgation and Phlebotomye of that place in whyche the pustles ben Phlebotomie For the matteir of these pustles is euer venomous thoughe Arzi and other holde a contrarie opinion After a purgation or Phlebotomy let the place be epithemed wyth thys same epitheme familiar Epithema and pleasaunte after the doctrine of Nicolas Florentyne And it is in thys fourme R. of the iuyce of cole worte leaues of the iuyce of plantayne anÌ„ â„¥ iii. of salte â„¥ ss voyle these thynges a lytle together and stepe a cloute in the decoction and make an epytheme and laye it vpon the paynfull place Item to thys entention it is good to take two pomegranades one aygre another swete and seeth them in vynegre and barley water tyll they benefully sodde wyth two handfulles of lentyles and asmuche of plantayne than ye shal presse them and stampe them and serce them fynely and adde vnto them these thynges folowing of the meate of rosted quinces yf they may be gotten or in the stede of theÌ„ of peres or wardens â„¥ iii. of the oyle of roses of vurype olyues of oyle mirtine anÌ„ â„¥ ii of white waxe â„¥ i. ss melt the oyles and the waxe and let theÌ„ boyle halfe an houre with the foresayd meate of quinces or wardens and playster the place therwyth Thys medicine is merueylous good in the beginning and in the tyme of augmentation A good playster for this intention R. of cleane barley of lentiles A plaister of beanes ana mÌ„ .i. of weybreide mÌ„ .ii. of floures of pomegranades of roses anÌ„ mÌ„ .i. of sumach of the graynes of mirtilles anÌ„ mÌ„ ss of gaules .. â„¥ i. bray the thinges that are to be brayed grossely and seeth them with sufficient water tyl the barley and leÌ„tiles breake thaÌ„ presse them stronglye staÌ„pe them and strayne theÌ„ and lette them seeth againe a lytle tyl the moysture of the straynynge be consumed wherunto ye shal adde of oyle mirtine of oile of roses anÌ„ â„¥ ii of the floure of barley and lentiles anÌ„ â„¥ i. ss and lette them seeth agayne tyl they ben thycke sturring them euer about Thys playster is good in this case chiefly in the augmentation IteÌ„ another playster of plantayne or weybreid wrytten of Galene AuiceÌ„nna A plaister of weybrâ—â—â— is of good effecte and is thus ordeined R. of weybreid of leÌ„tiles of broune breade of eche equall partes of gaules in nombre .x. which are added of Auicenne seeth them al in water and bray theÌ„ wyth sufficient quantite of oyle of roses make a plaister at the fyer Another of the description of AuiceÌ„ne sayeng that it is good in the begynnyng in the augmeÌ„tation and in the state Take two aygre pomegranades boyle them in vinegre than stampe them make theÌ„ in the fourme of a plaister and laye it vpoÌ„ the place ☞ Note that we haue often proued the playster of pomegranades that of Auicenne last writteÌ„ of aygre pomegranades and we haue founde more profitte in that of our description of two pomegranades other ingredientes then in Auicennes whiche is only of aygre pomegranades vinegre And after our iugemeÌ„t the cause is that the venomous matteir is more strongly holdeÌ„ wythin the meÌ„bre by that of Auicenna then by ours wherfore we must coÌ„sidre well the cause of the application of euerye stronge medicine which doth mightely represse driue backe Another linimeÌ„t R. of the iuyce of plaÌ„tayne of nightshade of houseleke anÌ„ â„¥ i. of the leaues of mallowes violettes sodden strayned â„¥ iiii of the meate of apples rosted and strayned â„¥ ii ss of vngueÌ„tum populeon of vngueÌ„tuÌ„ rosaruÌ„ of oyle of roses anÌ„ â„¥ ii ss put them al in a mortar of lead labour them wyth the pestell the space of an houre wyth the foresayd strayninges putte therunto of litarge of golde syluer anÌ„ â„¥ ii Note that it shall be better to putte the litarge with the oyntmeÌ„tes only afterward to mengle them now puttyng in a lytle oyle and now a lytle of the iuyce of the foresayde herbes and so fourth tyll all be wel mengled laste of
haue founde often thys playster to be of souerayne operation to resolue al harde apostemes wyth some mollifycation Also to the same intention we haue proued thys cerote folowyng to be of lyke efficacitie of whych we haue gotē worshyppe and haue profyted poore patientes ℞ of the decoction of mallowes holihock of the rootes of lāge debuefe of fenugreke and lynsede of the sede of quynces of psillium of drye fygges of dates raysins ana asmuch as shall suffyce of lytarge of golde and syluer of calues tallowe cowes tallowe and bores grese ana ℥ iij. of buttyre ʒ x. of duckes grese gose grese capons grese and hēnes grese ana ʒ x. of oyle of camomille dille and lillies ana ℥ ij of oyle of violettes roses and of swete almandes ana ʒ vi make a softe cerote at the fyer styrre it about wyth sufficiēt quantitie of the forsayd decoctiō and wyth whyte waxe Another good playster ℞ of the fatte called ysope of Galenes cerote ℥ iij. of playster of mellilote ℥ iiij of great diaquilon ℥ iij. and. ss of calues tallowe ℥ i. and. ss of the marye of calues legges of hennes grese and duckes grese ana ʒ x. mengle them and make a softe cerote wyth sufficient whyte waxe Also in thys case a playster of melilote of diaquilon magnum of ysope of Galenes cerote bene ryght good in ministrynge them one after another Lykewyse after application of the foresayd playsters and cerotes it shal be good to make embrocation wyth clouttes weted in the foresayde decoction and to laye them on hote For thys euaporatyon before the applyenge of the playster or cerote it preparethe the matter to resolution and maturation The fourth intention whyche is to correcte the accidentes is accomplyshed by the administration of local medicines whyche remoue accidentes namelye payne inflāmation beatynge griefe and pryckyng and appearaūce of veynes full of melancholyke bloode whyche accidētes as we haue shewed in the former chapitre sygnifye the cōmynge of a cankreous matter Item greate hardenes chaunseth in thys aposteme A mollitiue cerote for the mollification whereof we haue vsed thys cerote ℞ of the rootes of Holihockes .li. i. of fenugreke and lynsede of euery one m̄ ij the heade and the fete of a wether two fete of a calfe and halfe hys head bruse them all a lytle and seeth them in suffycient water tyll the bones ben sondered from the fleshe and let the Holihocke onlye be stamped and strayned to the whyche straynynge adde of oyle of lillyes camomill and dille of ysope of Galenes cerote of cleare terebentine of euery one ℥ i. and. ss of hennes grese duckes grese and gose grese of euery one ℥ i. of diaquilon magnum ℥ ij make a softe cerote of all wyth sufficient whyte waxe wyth the forsayde straynynge The sayde cerote is verye good to mollifye all stonye hardnes ☜ But ye muste alwaye foment the place wyth the decoction that remayneth of the forsayde thynges in the cerote namelye wyth clouttes weted in the sayd decoction And yf it chaunce that the aposteme come to quytture ye muste rype the place wyth a playster of marche mallowes wrytten in oure antidotayrie and make incision after the doctrine declared in the chapitre of incision of apostemes in generall And digeste the aposteme mundifye incarne and cicatrise it as it is wrytten in the same chapitre whan it chaunceth that an Aposteme commeth to a cankerdnesse it must be cured after the curation of a canker which we wyll wryte hereafter by the grace of god whose name be praysed ¶ The .x. Chaptre of a canker A Canker as Auicenne sayeth is an Apostem of adust or burnte melancholye through the adustion or burnynge of cholere and not of pure feculent or dreggysh melancholye as Brunus sayeth The melancholy that causeth a canker commeth to adustion two maner of wayes The one is by adustyon of subtyle cholere For whan pure cholere commeth to adustion the subtile parte is resolued and the thycke and erthye remayneth and receyueth a burnte qualitie Melancholye This melancholye is called maligne melancholye procedyng through adustion of cholere Otherwyse melancholye is called aduste whan it procedeth of naturall Melancholye and so cōmeth to adustion And that melancholy commeth to adustion by the cōmixtion of choler with melancholye and of that melancholye aduste a kynde of a Canker is engendered which hathe lytle payne and lytle vlceration The fourme of a canker A canker is at the begynnynge a litle Aposteme and for the most part rounde and somtyme it begynneth throughe a pustle lyke a beane It is harde and of duskyshe colour rounde aboute wyth the appearaūce of veynes full of melancholyke bloude And there bene two kyndes of cākers Two maners of cankers that is to saye a canker vlcered and not vlcered At the begynnynge as Auicenne sayth it is of an hydde and priuye disposition for the most parte at the begynnynge it is to be doubted what it shulde be but afterwarde the sygnes of a cankered aposteme appeare Auicenne teacheth vs in this place how a cāker begynneth and whan it is confyrmed by signes as by grefe .c. And Galene also sayinge we maye haue a reason and waye to knowe a canker as we haue to knowe herbes growynge oute of the ground For whan herbes growe out of the earth and bene small it is harde to knowe them And as these small herbes can not be knowen at the begynnyng by vnexperte gardyners so a canker at the begynnynge is not knowen of an vnlearned Chirurgyen A canker is deuyded after thre maners It is fyrst deuyded after the dyuersitie of the cause For some canker is caused of melancholye whych is adust by adustion of melancholye naturall And it is of slowe vlceraciō of small payne and of smal increasement That that is called of adustiō of cholere is of vehement malyce of great grefe and corrupteth swyftly wherfore Auicenne sayeth that this melancholye burnte by adustyon of choler is more malicious and vehementer than any other kynde of melancholye And that chaunceth by reson of his sharpnesse and caliditie or heate wherfore this melancholye induceth stronger and vehementer accidentes than thother melancholye aduste procedynge of naturall melancholye Moreouer it is deuyded according to the diuersitie of mēbres For one is ēgēdred in soft mēbres as in the flesh an other in meane as in synnowes and ligamentes some in harde membres as in boones and grystles Thyrdly it is deuyded accordynge to the diuersitie of tyme. For one is newe an other olde It is sone knowen whan it is olde by the tyme coloure for it is blewe and blacke and also by the borders whyche ben grosse and harde and by the greatenesse of the place vlcered A canker after the later doctours is only deuyded acordynge to the dyuersitie of kyndes takynge name of hys place For accordyng as it is engendred in sondrye places it receyueth sondrye names As whan it
poudre of mercurie or quick syluer which is of excellent operatioÌ„ and byteth away all maligne super fluous and corrosiue flesshe and the lippes or bourders of the vlcer which ben harde and shellye wythout anye payne of the patient That that I saye of this pouldre semeth incredible bycause we fynde in no writers of corrosiue medicines that saye that there is any corrosiue medicyne whyche maye take awaye superfluous flesshe wythout payne Neuerthelesse this pouldre doth so of whyche we wyll speake in our antidotarie by the grace of god in the Chaptre of medicines corrosiues Thus endeth the doctryne of thys Chaptre for which the name of god be blessed ¶ The .xii Chaptre of wyndie Apostemes OF a Flegmaryke melaÌ„cholike humour Wâ—ndye Apostemes there is engendred a grosse ventosite or windinesse which being meÌ„gled with Flegmatike moysture engendreth a wyndye aposteme by eleuatioÌ„ which Aposteme as Auicene sayeth is like a softe Aposteme that is to saye to Vndimia And bycause it is lyke vndimia it is cured after the cure of vndimia and it is knowen by the sygnes of vndimia wrytten in the chaptre of the same Aposteme Amonge other signes this is one that yf ye presse your fynger vpon it ther remayneth an holownesse in the place as in vndimia but not so gret whan any membre commeth to this Aposteme throughe grosse vapours onely Auicenne calleth it a wyndye Aposteme by inflation And the sygnes bene these whan ye presse your fynger vpon thys wyndy Aposteme suche holownesse is not caused as in Vndimia but whan ye touche it it dryueth backe the fynger and the holownesse doth not continue as in the other The reason is that in Vndimia there is no ventositie or wyndinesse And in this the ventositie is gathered into one place which refuseth the pressynge of the fynger as whan a maÌ„ toucheth a blader ful of winde And therfore AuiceÌ„ne sayeth that it goeth and commeth by courses And sometyme bycause of the multitude of the wyndye mattier and by cause of the place in which this mattier maye be easely assembled whan the matter is touched it souneth like a taborette and therefore Auicenne sayeth trewlye that it resysteth the preassynge or strykyng of the hande and chiefly whan thys ventosite fyndeth space in whych it may be gathered in great quantitie it exteÌ„deth the place and souÌ„deth whaÌ„ it is touched wherfore the sayde Auicenne hathe ryght wel declared the nature of this aposteme sayeng this soundynge is caused by some veÌ„tosite gathered together in some place apte to receaue the same Places apte to receaue wyâ—de as in the stomake the guttes and in the place that is betwene the pannicles whych compasse about the bones and betwene bones coÌ„passed aboute wyth lacertes For in all these places there is a certayne vacuitie or eÌ„ptie space in whych veÌ„tositie maye be assembled and moreouer in the roume whych is aboute the chordes Furthermore ther chauÌ„ceth somtymes so greate veÌ„tosite in certayne great ioinctures that often it maketh the ioinct to go out of hys place And thys veÌ„tosite abydeth in the place of the ioincte and it is not easely resolued whych thynge chaunceth by reason of his grossenes and by reason of the thycknes of the membre in which the veÌ„tosity is conteined and bicause the poores ben shutte And Auicenne sayth that it is not lyghtly resolued that it is enclosed betwene the ioinctures and thynneth and deuideth the membres conioyncte or knytte together and puttethe them oute of theyr propre places as we sayd before we haue often sene thys ventositie assembled in some place in so greate quantitie that whan a man thrusteth it downe pressynge one fynger lyftyng vp another he shal perceaue the sayd ventositye to heaue vp betwene hys fyngers as we perceaue the redoundynge of quytture in certayne apostemes we haue sene thys thing to haue chauÌ„ced in cankreous sephiros and in windy apostemes by the inflation of great ioinctes Auicenne declareth the forsayd signes in the cha of a wyndy aposteme and saith moreouer that a man thinketh oftentymes that he hathe an aposteme vpon some membre as vpoÌ„ the knee that nedeth to be persed but whan it is persed nothyng commeth out sauynge wynde wherfore in such case make no insition wtout good coÌ„syderation leste ye be deceaued as other haue bene Thus we ende thys present chapiter for whych the name of God be praysed ¶ The .xiii. chapi of the cure of a wyndye aposteme by inflation WE haue sufficientlye declared in the former chapiter The cause of windie apostemes what wyndye apostemes bene in thys presente Chapiter we wyl speake of the cure therof whyche conteyneth .iiii. intentions The fyrst is to ordre diete that the euyl humoure maye be distroyed and a good engendred The seconde intention is partely to digest the mattier antecedente partly to coÌ„sume the same The third to purge the mattier beyng digested The fourth to correct the accidentes The fyrst whyche is to ordre diete is accomplyshed by the thynges wrytteÌ„ in the cha of vndimia Syrupe The seconde whyche is to digest the mattier is accomplyshed by vsyng thys syrupe the space of a weke R. of syrupe de duabus radicibus of hony of roses anÌ„ Ê’ vi of the water of fenell mayden heare and scabiouse ana â„¥ i. After that he hathe vsed thys syrupe the space of a weke lette him be purged wyth thys purgation R. of diacatholicon â„¥ i. Purgation of diaphenicon â„¥ ss make a small potion wyth the water of fenel fumiterre addyng of diacyminuÌ„ Ê’ ss It is good also to giue the patient a lytle triacle wyth a lytle Diaciminum so that he faste seuen houres after And forasmuche as thys ventosite is engendred by the errour of the vertue digestiue it is good to coÌ„fort the vertue digestyue with aromatyke spices of diacyminuÌ„ and diacalamentuÌ„ or wyth thys dredge whyche takethe awaye ventositie â„ž of Cumine carwaies A dredge pouder Anise fenell of the beryes of laurell ana â„¥ ss of liqueritie of GalaÌ„gale of whyte ginger anÌ„ Ê’ ii of long pepper of cubebes of cloues of the sede of rue ana Ê’ i. of anise of swete fenell of coriandre anÌ„ Ê’ i. ss of sugre tabarzet .li. ii of cynamome Ê’ v. poudre those that maye be poudred and make a dredge of al and take a sponefull at ones with a lytle wyne of good odour we haue found thys dredge to be of good operation in consumynge ventosities chieflye those that ben in the stomake and in the bellie Note also that the purgation aboue wrytten is ryght conuenient in thys case for it purgeth mattier that chauÌ„geth it selfe into veÌ„tositie Or ye may purge the patient wyth some other solutiue as it shal seme good to you after the strength of the patiente and of the place in whyche such ventosite is engendred so that ye coÌ„fort the strength of the membre wherin the ventolite is founde chieflye yf it be
folowethe â„ž of the muscilage of the seede of Quynces of Psillium made wyth barley water of womaÌ„s mylke noursynge a wenche of whyte Syef wyth Opium Ê’ j. An opiate medicyne mengle them together and make a collyrie wyth a barbyers whettestone We haue proued that the applycatyon of a warme Collyrie wythin the eye is verye synguler to swage the payne therof After that the payne is appaysed ye muste procede wyth the aforesayde remedyes accordynge to the tyme. Also the decoction of fenugreke made wyth Rose water and barley water is ryght good to appayse gryefe whyche thynge Auycenne testyfyethe If it chaunce that the eye lyddes or Cornea or Coniunctiua be vlcered thorough an antecedente cause than the Chirurgien muste succoure that accidente wyth a conuenient medicyne A water of Galenes inuentyon as thys is â„ž of Rose water of the water of the leaues of Myrte Ana â„¥ j. of suggre candye of syrupe of Roses â„¥ ij of Tutia preparate Ê’ j. and. ss of Syef of leade of a whyte Syef wythout Opium Ana. ℈ j. braye the thynges that ben to bee brayed fynely vnto the lykenes of alchoholl than the waters beynge somewhat heated mengle them together Thys water is merueylous to heale vlceratyon caused of hote mattyere And it scourethe awaye grosse mattyer and dryethe vp subtyle mattyer that causethe vlceratyon and it is Galenes inuentyon whyche auctoure sayethe that in the vlcers there ben two superfluytes engendred namelye a grosse and a subtyle Wherfore the Chyrurgyen muste ordeyne a medicyne hauynge two prerogatyues one to drye subtyle mattier and another to scoure awaye grosse mattyer If ye wyll that the sayde water shal be more desiccatyue and mundifycatyue adde vnto it the thyrde parte of the grene water of oure inuentyon Also ye maye laye to the sayde vlceratyon whan the place is not verye paynfull nor enflamed the sayde grene water actually hote Fynallye we wyll entreate of the mattyere or quytture retayned betwene Cornea and Coniunctiua in the next Chapytre and of the cure thereof by goddes grace Thus endethe thys present Chapytre of obtalmia Wrytten in the Citye of Bononye the yere of oure lorde M. ccccc x. the .xiiij. day of NoueÌ„bre For whych the name of god be praysed ¶ The thyrde Chapytre of quytture engendred and retayned betwene the skynne of the eye called Cornea and betwene coniunctiua WE haue ofteÌ„ seen quytture engendred and retayned betwene the skynne of the eye called Cornea Aposteme of Cornea or coÌ„iunctiua and the skynne coÌ„iunctiua cheifely in an optalmie caused of an hote mattyer whyche accident yf it shulde not be quyckely succoured euapored and purged by the applicatyon of resolutyue and gentle maturatyue medicynes it wolde be no merueyl if the eye shulde comme in daunger of euyll and harde curatyon and that the apple of the eye shuld be vlcered or that the Crystallyne humour shulde vtterly be loste To auoyde thyes accidentes a wyse Chirurgien wythout delaye must prepare some conuenieÌ„t remedye and he must procure an openynge betwene the skynnes by whyche the quytture enclosed maye issue out by the coÌ„missure that is betwene Cornea and Coniunctiua for which purpose this descriptyon folowynge is of good operatyon Decoctyon â„ž of fenugreke â„¥ ss of cleane barley mÌ„ j. of the sede of Quynces Ê’ ij of the rootes of holyhock somwhat stamped of the rootes of langdebeef ana â„¥ j. boyle thies thinges together with a chickyn in sufficieÌ„t water tyll they comme to suche a gelye as calues fete make than strayne them and putte of it ofteÌ„ in to the eye beynge actually hote addynge some tyme a lytle fyne sugre If perchauÌ„ce the quytture issue not out by thys remedie after the sayde suppuration ye muste open the place wyth a lancette makyng a lytle hole And yf it be possyble lette the openynge be betwene the commissure of the two skynnes cornea and coniunctyua After the openynge ye muste procede with the remedie last wrytten the space of two dayes addynge a lytle suggre candie of syrupe of roses and a lytle of other fyne suggre Whan ye perceaue that the quytture is mundifyed whyche is sone knoweÌ„ by the mitigation of the payne and by the clearenes of the eye thys remedye folowynge maye conueniently be vsed Collâ—eye â„ž of water of roses of water of Mirtilles or in the stede thereof of plantayne Ana â„¥ j. of Fenell water of odoriferous whyte wyne Ana â„¥ ss of sarcocolle dissolued wyth womans mylke of Tutia preparate Ana. ℈ ij of suggre Candie of syrupe of Roses Ê’ j. of Myrobalanes cytrins Ê’ ss of whyte Sief wythout opium of Sief of frankencense Ana Ê’ j. and. ss lette thies foresayde thynges be brayed fynely and cerse them and make a collyrie accordynge to arte whyche ye muste vse tyll the place be mundifyed and incarned and for the cicatrisatyon adde to the sayde collyrie Ê’ ij of Sief of leade And note that in the tyme of maturation to appayse griefe and to cause the mattyer to issue out ye maye conueniently applye the foresayde playster of a rosted apple And as we haue sayde before thyes remedyes muste be applyed after purgatyon Lykewyse in the cure of pustles or spottes that chaunce thorough an Aposteme beynge in the apple of the eye ye muste procede as in cornea and coniunctyua but wyth more spedines and wyth lyghter and gentyller medicynes bycause of the nobilite of the eye Thus endeth thys present Chapytre for whyche the name of god be praysed ¶ The fourthe Chapytre of the burnynge and itchynge of the eyes and of the cure of the same IN the corners of the eyes there chauÌ„cethe oft itchynge Itchyng and blerenes and burnyng and some remenaunte of blerenes cheifely towarde nyght procedynge of catharrhous and salt sharpe mattyer For the cure whereof the two foresayde remedies a purgation of the mattier antecedent presupposed ben conuenient The fyrste is thys A water and it is of oure inuentyon â„ž of rose water of plantayne water Ana â„¥ j. of Tutia preparate Ê’ j. and. ss of the water of the floures of Mirtilles â„¥ j. and. ss of the leaues of housleke Ê’ x. of the whytes of Egges somewhat rosted vndre coales in nombre iij. of whyte Sief wythout Opium Ê’ j. and. ss of camphore graynes .iij. sette the foresayde waters vpon the fyer tyll they ben hote and beate them all together and so leaue them the space of foure houres than strayne them and kepe the lyquour in a brasen vessell well stopped Applye thys to the corners of the eyes for it is a present remedye and easethe spedelye the burnynge and the itchynge of the eyes If ye perceaue that abstersyon wil be good in thys case by reason of the blerednes whyche some tymes commethe in greate quantytie it shal be good to procede wyth thys water addynge a lytle suggre candye of syrupe of Roses and so muche of other fyne suggre Here foloweth the seconde remedie whyche is good in
therfore of the Anatomistes they are called amigdales that is to saye almādes And oftentymes they receyue apostemation by reason of the catarrhous mattyer that descendethe from the brayne For the curation whereof after conuenient purgation of the mattyer antecedēt aswell by laxatiue medicynes as by flebotomie and application of ventoses vpon the shulders wyth scarification and after ordinaunce of diete as is declared in the former chapitres it shal be ryght expedient to vse some of thyes remedyes vndre wrytten Gargarisme Fyrst at the begynnyng ye shal vse thynges of familiare repercussion as is a gargarisme compounde of one parte of water of roses and two partes of wyne of Pomegranades and an halfe parte of vinegre of roses To thys intention a decoction of barley in whyche a lytle of sumach hath been boyled auaileth much if ye adde there vnto a lytle of Diamoron Thys decoction dryueth backe the mattier merueylously and conforteth the place is good in the begynnyng augmentation state and declination A gargarisme resolutiue Whan the Aposteme is in the way of resolution This gargarisme folowynge helpethe greatlye resolution cheifely in the state ℞ of cleane barley of raisines of dates Ana. M. j. let them boyle all together wyth suffycient quantitie of water vnto the consumption of half than strayne them and adde to the straynyng of honye of roses ℥ ij of syrupe de duabus radicibus ℥ ij lette them seeth agayne one boylynge Item the thynges vndre wrytten ben verye good to turne asyde the mattier namelye byndynge of the extreme partes wasshyng and rubbyng Item to retayne the reume of the heade the application of towe somewhat burnt and suffumigated wyth the smoke of encense is verye expedient It is good in this case to plucke the heare of the patientes heade vpwarde vehemently after the doctryne of Mesue Whan the Apostemation canne not be resolued by the foresayde way yf it growe to maturation Maturatiue ye maye cōueniently applie wythin and without the remedies folowynge for the full rypyng of it Fyrste ye muste applie thys remedye wythout ℞ of rosted apples ℥ viij of buttyre ℥ ij of hennes grese ℥ j. and. ss of womans mylke ℥ iij. of the floure of barley well boulted ℥ j. lette them boyle at the fyer tyll they be thycke addynge in the ende of the decoction the yolkes of two Egges Thys playster applyed to the throte rypeth the almandes easely and swageth the payne Thys decoction folowynge we haue often proued and it is to be ministred wythin the mouthe ℞ of drye fygges of dates of eche in nombre .xij. of raysines ℥ j. of the rootes of holyhock ℥ iij. of cleane barley of branne Ana. M. j. of the sede of quynce ʒ ij of iuiubes in nombre xx Seethe them all wyth suffycient quantytie of the broth of an henne not salted vnto the consumptiō of two partes of the thre than presse them strongly and strayne them and adde to the straynynge of suggre ℥ ij of honye of Roses ℥ j. and. ss and lette them seethe agayne one boylynge The patient shall gargaryse often thys decoction whyche muste be hote whan he vsethe it It is maturatyue and swagethe payne Whan the Aposteme is rype you must open it wyth a lancette mundifye the vlcere wyth the water of a decoction of barley mengled with honye of roses in gargarysyng the same Thus we ende this cha for which the name of God be praysed ¶ The .xvij. Chapi of an Aposteme of the throte called Squinantia or the quynce and of the cure thereof Squinantia IN the throte there is oftē engendred an Aposteme of a catarrhous mattier cōmunely called of the doctours squinantia Cornelius celsus calleth it Angina and it is a dangerous disease causyng the patient sometyme to dye by suffocatyon or chokyng in the space of .xij. houres and sometyme of syx or foure or two Wherefore Hypocrates sayethe that yf the quynce turne to the pype of the lunges the patient shall dye wythin seuen dayes or shal spette out rotten and corrupte geare Squynantia is an Aposteme in the throte whych kepeth the ayer from entrynge in to the pype of the lunges and suffereth not the meate to passe to the stomake whiche thynges ben necessarelye requisyte in mans lyfe And after Galenes opinyon there are foure kyndes of Squinantia Foure kindes of squinātia The fyrst is with great payne and there appeareth no swellynge nether wythin nor wythout And it is betwene the lacertes of the throte Ye shal know it by the difficultie of breathynge and swallowynge of meate and for the most parte it chokethe the patient in the space of foure dayes Whan a man is vexed with thys kynde of squinantia he puttethe hys tonge out of hys mouthe and holdeth hys mouthe open drawynge breathe by courses lyke a weryed dogge thoroughe the heate of the sonne Thys kynde for the moste part is conteyned in the inner parte of the Epiglotte Squinantia Canina and Auicenne callethe it squinantia canina that is dogges quynce The seconde kynde is conteyned betwene the lacertes and appeareth towarde the spondiles so that whā the tonge is pressed downe with some instrument it may be seen betwixte the almandes swollen and redde though no swellynge appeare outwardlye Thys kynde is not so dangerous as the other The thyrde kynde is that that is manifested by swellynge inwardly and outwardly is longer than the other that is to saye it choketh not so sone as the other The fourth is that that shewethe hys generation in the outwarde part onely and it is of surer curation than the other Squinātia is ended by one of thies three meanes folowyng Fyrste by insensyble resolution For seing that the mattyer is lytle and subtyle cheifely an vniuersal or particular flebotomie had and some conuenient gargarisme exhibyted the patient is sone healed For after that the mattier is purged the rest which is subtyle and of small quantytie is resolued insensibly or without feelynge Secondely it is ended by the waye of suppuration and so this Aposteme cāne neuer be turned to any quytture nor ended in foure dayes cheifely whā the mattier is grosse Thyrdely it is ended by permutatyon or chaungynge to some other parte of the bodye And sometymes it is ended in the breste sometymes in the heade but for the moste parte in the stomake Whā it endeth in the brest and that the mattyer commethe towarde the harte tremblynge of the harte and a greate cough ensueth If the mattyer turne to the lunges it causeth diffycultie of breathynge If to the heade it induceth perturbatyon of the vse of reason If to the stomake it causethe vomyte and perbreakynge For euerye permutatyon of a chokyng Aposteme is euyll as Auycenne wytnesseth Signe of permutation A sygne of permutatyon or chaungyng is whan the tokens of an Aposteme appeare and incontinently after departe some pryncipall parte beyng hurted Daungerous sygnes Daungerous sygnes in squinantia ben
breath For the mitigation of payne it is moste expedient to administre a gargarisme made of hote cowes mylke of syrupe of popie and a lytle oyle of violets and a lytle saffraÌ„ Let the patieÌ„t gargaryse the sayd coÌ„position beynge actually hote Also the application of ventoses vndre the chinne is good after the opinioÌ„ of Celsus for it kepeth a man from suffocation bycause it draweth the matter to the outwarde partes To the same intention many doctours coÌ„maunde to applye a ventose vpon the necke wythout scarification We suppose the foresayd medicines to be sufficieÌ„t for the cure of thys daungerous dysease for whyche God be thanked ¶ The .xviij. chapitre of apostemes of the necke and of the throte and theyr partes THere are often apostemes engendred in the necke Apostemes of the throte necke c. or in the throte of catarrhous matter beynge colde or meÌ„gled And lykewyse of hote matter in chyldren by reason of the coÌ„munite that the necke hath wyth the head Thys aposteme coÌ„meth somtymes by rupture or breakyng by an hard crust or shelly scabbe that chaunceth in chyldreÌ„s heades or by some stripe or wouÌ„d And it groweth in shorte tyme to maturation or resolution The sygnes of thys aposteme may easely be knowen by the doctrine of the vniuersall chapiters Sygnes The curation of these apostemes obseruation of general rules and purgation of the bellye presupposed is accomplyshed by the administration of conuenient remedyes accordynge to the place At the begynnynge wheÌ„ the matter is mengled and the aposteme harde you shall rubbe the aposteme wyth oyle of camomill beynge hote and wyth oyle of lillyes and hennes grese and duckes grese layenge it vpoÌ„ vnwashen woulle well toosed taken from betwene the legges of a shepe Yf the matter be hote rubbe the place with oyle of roses and violettes beynge hote and wyth oyle of camomill and hennes grese applyenge it as it is sayde before Yf thys aposteme chaunce in chyldrens neckes thoroughe the foresayde causes it shal be conuenient onlye to anoynte the place wyth oyle of roses violettes beynge actually hote And yf the sayd aposteme come to the waye of resolution A playster resolutiue then ye shall procede wyth a gentle resolution as is thys playster folowyng â„ž of the crommes of breade steped in the decoction of mallowes camomill melilote holihocke aboute .li. i. then bruse well the breade incorporate it wyth the foresayd decoction and seeth it at the fyer wyth oyle of camomil of roses and a lytle buttyr vnto a styffe thycknes addynge in the ende the yolkes of two egges of saffraÌ„ ℈ i. whyche done take it forthwyth froÌ„ the fyer Thys playster resolueth the sayd aposteme and resysteth not the maturation of the same Yf it come to maturitye ye shall helpe the rypynge wyth such thinges as are declared in the chapitre of the cure of Flegmon In whyche we haue taught the maner of makynge incision from the heade to the feete Item for digestion mundifycation incarnation and sygillation you muste procede as it is wrytten in the chapitre of flegmoÌ„ A maturatiue Neuertheles we wyl descrybe here a maturatiue playster whych is after thys forme â„ž of the leaues of mallowes and violettes of euery one mÌ„ i. of whyte lillye â—ootes â„¥ iij. Seeth the thynges in the broth of an heÌ„ne or of fleshe not salted wyth the crommes of bread steped in the sayd decoction and afterwarde pressed and strayned So make a playster wyth freshe buttyre in suffycient quantitie and commune oyle Seeth them vntyll they be thycke addynge in the ende two yolkes of egges and settynge them agayne vpon the fyer al together and make a playster This playster is of ryght good effecte for maturation and resysteth not resolution Yf the aposteme be catarrhous and hote the cure is in maner all one touchynge maturation and resolution Yf the matter be mengled with grossenes and heate and the chirurgiens intention be to resolue then he maye vse thys resolutiue folowing Resolutiue â„ž of the rootes of holihocke sodden and strayned .li. ss of the oyle of camomill dille of euery one â„¥ ij of oyle of roses of duckes grese â„¥ i. of oyle of lillyes Ê’ x. of whyte diaquilon gummed â„¥ iij. ss of the marye of the legges of a cowe of a calfe ana Ê’ vi of cowes tallowe â„¥ iij. make a cerote at the fyer nether to harde nor to softe wyth sufficient whyte waxe Thys cecote resolueth merueylouslye all harde matter wythout drawynge of matter to the place To thys intention the playster of melilote is good lykewyse the playster of diaquilon magnum Howe beit they are not so muche wythout daunger of drawynge matter to the place But yf the aposteme come to suppuration ye shall procede wyth thys maturatiue â„ž of lillye rootes Maturatiue and Holyhocke rootes of euery one .li. ss Seethe them in water stampe them strayne them and then make a stiffe plaister at the fyer in the decoction wyth the floure of fenugreke lynsede and wheate of euery one as muche as shall suffyce addynge of buttyre of swynes grese melted of euery one â„¥ iij. and. ss the yolkes of two egges mengle them and wyth the forsayde straynynge incorporate them and make a playster When the aposteme is rype let it be opened and let it be digested thre or foure dayes afterwarde mundifye it wyth the mundifycatiue de apio or of smalage or with the mundifycatiue of syrupe of roses after our description After mundifycation vse an incarnatiue of honye of roses and sarcocoll bycause of the synnowes whyche are in the place Finally for other intentions yf it be nedefull resorte to the chapitre afore rehersed Note this that the quit ture muste not tarye longe in the aposteme bycause of the multitude of the synnowes veynes and lygamentes whych be in the place Thus we ende this chap. For which the name of God be praysed Amen ¶ Here endeth the thyrde treatyse and the fourth begynneth ¶ The fourth treatyse speaketh of the apostemes of womans brestes and it conteyneth foure chapiters of whyche the fyrste treateth of hote apostemes engendred in the dugges Hote apostemes in brestes THere is engeÌ„dred in a womans brestes an hote aposteme through sondrye causes sometymes of a primitiue cause by a stripe of the fyste or of a staffe or by to hard lasyng of theyr garmentes Sometymes of a cause antecedent that is to saye by to muche abouÌ„daunce of hote humours and by the curdynge of mylke and that for the moste parte The cure of an aposteme of the dugges caused by curdynge of the mylke obseruation of the vniuersall rules presupposed accordynge to necessitie shal be accoÌ„plyshed by the administration of mollifycatiue and resolutiue medicines hauynge for thys cause a lytle resolution that matter be not drawen to the place An aposteme of the dugges desyreth not repercussion bycause of the curdynge of mylke whyche is in the veynes Wherfore thynges euaporatiue and
oyle of camomyl and Roses ana ℥ ii and the yolkes of two egges Thys composition made in the forme of a plaistre and layed vpō the paynefull place swageth the payne and prepareth the matter to suppuration mūdificatiue After digestyon let the place be mundifyed with thys mundificatiue vnder wrytten chefely whan the Aposteme is aboute the nauyll ℞ of cleare terebentyne ʒ x. of Syrupe of roses ℥ ss the thyrde part of the yolke of a newe layed egge Let the syrupe of roses boyle wyth the terebentyne one boylyng and than adde the part of the foresayde egge a lytle barleye floure and a lytle saffran And for incarnation it is good to adde to the foresayde mundificatiue of sarcole ʒ ii of myr ℈ i. of frankensence ʒ ss whan incarnation is fynyshed seale vp the place wyth vnguentum de minio and wyth the water of decoction of alume spryncklynge often vpō it this stiptyke poudre A poudre ℞ of bole armenie of terra sigillata ana ʒ ss of roche alume burnt ʒ ss of floures of Pomegranades of Myrobalanes citrines fynely brayed ana ℈ ii mengle them and make a poudre Yf the Aposteme of the bellye becaused of a cold matter or mengled for the resolution and maturation ye shall procede after as it is declared in the Chapitre of Apostemes in the necke The rest of this curation shall be accomplysshed accordynge to that that is wrytten afore in this present Chapitre For whyche the name of God be praysed ¶ The .v. Chaptre Of the Apostemes of the flankes THe apostemes of the pryuye membres Apostemes of the flankes procede of one of these thre causes namelye of euyll complexion of vlceracyon of the yarde or vlceration of the extremities we wyll speake in the nexte Chapitre of an Aposteme caused in the sayde place after some longe fyeuer or by bloude of a wounde in the bellye dryuen of Nature to the flankes The foresayde Apostemes which waye so euer they come for the most parte they be caused of hote mattier which we haue euer healed as it foloweth Fyrst the obseruacion of the rules prescrybed in the Chapitre of flegmon touchynge Flebotomie and Purgation by the bellye presupposed we dyd annoynt the place with oyle of Camomyll hote with a lytle of oyle of Roses omphacine layeng vpon the place vnwasshed wolle taken from betwene the legges of a shepe To this intention and for greater resolution a playster made wyth the cromes of breade wyth oyle of camomille and a litle oyle of roses wyth a decoction of mallowes holihocke camomille and melilote Thys playster must be made at the fyre in a styffe forme It is of good operation in resoluynge A cerote mollificatiue Item to the same intention thys cerote mollificatyue and resolutyue that foloweth is of great efficacitie For bisydes the sayde properties it swageth payne R. of the rootes of holihocke li. ss of lillie rootes ℥ ii Lette thē be boyled together wyth the broth of fleshe vnsalted vnto perfecte decoction than stampe them and strayne them and set them on the fyre agayn addynge of oyle of camomille ℥ iiii of oyle of roses ℥ i. of hennes grese ʒ vi of vnttyre ℥ ss of calues grese of white diaquilon an̄ ℥ ii sette them agayne on the fyre and make a cerote in good forme Thys cerote mollifyeth and resolueth and swageth the payne and resisteth not maturation yf nature hath brought the aposteme to the waye of maturation A plaister Item to this intention the plaister folowyng is cōuenient Take wheat floure and barley floure and put thē in the foresayde decoction and boyle them tyll they be thycke addynge of oyle of camomill ℥ ii of oyle of roses ℥ i. of saffrā ℈ i. and the yolkes of two egges If the aposteme cānot be resolued but cometh to the waye of maturation than ye shall applye maturatyue thynges as the playster folowynge R. of the leaues of mallowes Maturatiue and violettes an̄ m̄ ii of the rootes of holihocke being cut according to breadth li. i. ss of white lillie rotes ℥ iiii thā let them boyle wyth water vntyl they be perfectly soddē afterwarde stampe thē all and in the decoction wyth the floure of wheate or barley if the mattier be very hote make a styffe playster at the fyre addyng of oyle of swete olyues of buttyre an̄ ℥ iii. of swynes grese ℥ ii ss the yolkes of two egges mengle them and incorporate them wyth the sayd decoction Note that ye must often make euaporation dippyng cloutes in the sayd decoction beynge hote For it appaiseth griefe and prepareth the mattier to maturation lykewyse ye maye vse the maturatyues wrytten in the cha of flegmon And whan the sayde aposteme is come to maturation ye shal make incision in the rypest and lowest place after the figure of a mone Incision accordinge to the breadth of the bellie After the incision putte in a tente rolled in the whyte and yolke of an egge mengled together Lette not that tente be to longe After thys make a digestyue wyth the oyle of roses and oyle omphacine the yolke of an egge chiefly whan the patient is of a choleryke cōplection whā the mattier is sharp But whan the place is not paynfull procede wyth terebentine the yolkes of egges and a lytle saffran After digestion whych is knowen by good quytture mundifye the place wyth a mundificatyue of syrupe of roses after our description whā the bodye is choleryke or with a mundificatyue of honie of roses yf the body be flegmatyke Note that a playster swaging payne may conueniently be applyed after the daye of incision tyl the thyrde or fourth daye folowyng whyche also hath vertue to resolue to molifye In this case we haue alwayes vsed thys playster A plaister swaging paine R. of the floure of barley and beanes an̄ ℥ iiii with a decoction of mallowes or violettes or els wyth fatte broth vnsalted Let them seeth tyll they be thycke than adde thervnto of oyle of camomill ℥ i. ss of oyle of roses ℥ i. the yolkes of two egges of saffran ℈ i. Thys playster is of good operation For it resolueth the mattier cōioyncte and appayseth griefe and prepareth the mattier to suppuration whan the payn after incision hath bene great and hath vexed sore the patiente by reason of the great sensibilitie of the place and bycause the mattier is sharpe so that it scorcheth the lippes or borders of the vlcere we haue bene constrayned in thys case to take awaye the tent and in stede therof to wasshe the place oftentymes in a daye wyth this lotion R. of cleane barley A lotion of roses an̄ m̄ i. of plantayne leaues m̄ ii of sumach of lentiles an̄ m̄ ss of the sede of quinces ʒ ss Let them boyle in sufficiente water vnto the cōsumption of halfe washe the place wyth this decoction for it taketh awaye the sharpnesse of the mattier and swageth the
the whyte of an egge of rose water â„¥ ss mengle theÌ„ all togyther bring them to the maner of a paste vse them as aforesayde This done renue agayne the cloutes and lay theÌ„ vpon the wounde being moysted in the foresayde whyte of an egge and oyle of roses and lay it vpoÌ„ with fethers Note that by the menes of this seame made as it is here figured the cicatrice is moch fayrer Yf ye doubt whether there be any humiditie in the botom of the wouÌ„d ye may loose accordiÌ„g to necessitie the sayde seame and drawe the blood out of the wounde dayly After fyue dayes ye may conueniently applye vpon the wounde vngueÌ„tum de minio wrytten in the cha of a broken sculle or els thys cerote Aterate R. of the oyle of roses oyle myrtyne anÌ„ â„¥ i. of cleare terebentyne â„¥ ii talues sewet melted Ê’ x. mastyke â„¥ i. ss of odoriferous wyne one cyath yarrow cosmary plaÌ„tayn consoliâ—a the lesse reÌ„taurye the greater anÌ„ mÌ„ ss Seeth them together vntyl the wyne be coÌ„sumed ThaÌ„ strayn them and make a cerote wyth whyte waxe Diete and malaxe it in cowes mylke The thyrde intention whiche consisteth in the ordinaunce of dietie is thus accomplished Fyrst at the beginnynge vnto the fourth daye the patient must be coÌ„rent with grated bread sodden in water with almandes and a litle sugre or he shal haue a supping made wyth barley floure water suger and he shal vse sugre of violettes and roses wyth water in the stede of a syrupe For the purgation of the patientes bodye Syrupe ye shal procede as it foloweth First let the patient take this syrupe the space of foure dayes R. syrupe of roses by inâ—uâ—ion â„¥ i. syrupe endyue â„¥ ss mengle them and with water of endyue and vnglosse make a syrupe Afterwarde let hym be purged with this purgation Purgation R. of choseÌ„ maÌ„na â„¥ i. electuary lenitiue Ê’ vi with the comune decoction make a potion addynge of syrupe violettes â„¥ i. ss for his driÌ„ke he may vse water alone sodden with fyne sugee or a iâ—â—eâ— of violettes Item you may vse scarification ventoâ—es applyed vpon the shulders at the begynnyng to turne awaye the maâ—tier And whan the bodye is sangaine ful of humours ye may cuâ—â—e the beyne called caphatica in the opposite syde For it is good to turne aside euacuate the mattier which myght cause apostemation The wouÌ„des of the nostrilles The cure of the woundes of the nose and eares and eares ben duely cured by the foresayd remedies except only that the seame must not so lyghtly be taken awaye as in other partes For by reason of the gristles those partes receaue not a seame so lyghtly The woundes of the eyeliddes ben cured semblably If the wouÌ„de be in the substaunce of the eye A wound in the eye ye shal apply vnto the coueth daye a collyry made wyth the whyte of an egge water of roses and white sief wythout opium After the fourth day vnto the .vii. it is expedient to vse rose water wyth the whyte of an egge and whyte sief wythout opiuÌ„ and a litle aloes he patike washed with rose water and a lytle sarcocolle After the .vii. Collirye incarnatiue day you must incarne the wounde by the administration of this colliry R. of rose water â„¥ ii of odoriferous wyne Ê’ ii of Sief of frankencense Ê’ i. of sarcocolle of aloes hepatike of sugre candy anÌ„ Ê’ ii mengle them together and make a colliry accordyng to arte Finally ye shall seale vp the place wyth thys collirye R. of rose water â„¥ ii ss of Sief of lead Collirye sâ—gillatiue ℈ ii of tutia preparate Ê’ ss of Myrobalane citrine Ê’ i. the whyte of an egge somwhat sodden Braye these foresayde thynges and leaue them together the space of a day Than strayne them and put therof into the eye only a droppe at ones it shall sone make a good cicatrisation If ther chaunce great paine with the wouÌ„de ye shal put in to the eye womans mylke To the same intention the white collirye dissolued in the muscilage of quyncesede made with rose water may wel be vsed Thus we ende c. ¶ The .vii. cha of the woundes of the nother throte of the cure of the same THe wouÌ„des of the necke of the throte are very dauÌ„gerous bycause of the great issuiÌ„g of blood whan some veyne is cutte Of woundes of the necke and throte and also by reason of the concatenation or linckynge together of the synnowes chordes other partes and also by reasoÌ„ of the nuke and trachea arteria wherfore I wyll breifly declare the cure of theÌ„ The foresaid places are ofteÌ„ hurte by a bruse as with a stone a staffe c. And somtimes by cuttyng thiÌ„ges as with a swerd a knife c. Somtimes by poiÌ„ted thiÌ„ges as by a dart an arow c. The curatioÌ„ of the wouÌ„d caused of a cutte is accoÌ„plyshed as it foloweth Fyrst you must considre whether the wounde of the necke be with the hurt of the nuke or not If the nuke be not hurte ye shall make a seame incontinently leauing an orifice in the lower part of the seame And whaÌ„ the wouÌ„de is depe it is conuenient to procede with a degestyue made wyth terebentyne and the yolke of an egge and a lytle saffran putting in to the sayd mouth a tent rolled in the sayd digestiue Defensiue with oyle of roses hote or oyle of hypericoÌ„ vnto the fourth day layeng also rouÌ„d aboute a defensiue made with oyle of roses bole armenie and white waxe And whan quytture is engendred in the sayd place you may in no wyse apply thinges digestiue But in stede therof you muste administer thys muÌ„dificatyue R. of cleare Terebentyne â„¥ ii of hony of roses â„¥ i. of the iuyce of plantayne MuÌ„dificatiue and smalage ana â„¥ ss Let them boyle all together one boylyng and whaÌ„ ye take it from the fire adde thervnto the yolke of an egge and of barley floure well cersed Ê’ vi of saffraÌ„ ℈ i. And if you dyd putte to thys mundificatyue of myrrhe â„¥ ss of frankencense Ê’ i. and as muche sarcocolle after mundification it wolde be a good incarnatyue For sigillation cicatrisation you may coÌ„ueniently administer vnguentuÌ„ de minio after our descriptioÌ„ written in the chapi of the breache of the sculle To the same intention it is good to vse stoupes dypped in wyne as it is declared in the rehersed cha But yf the nuke be hurte the synnowyes and chordes of the necke it is necessarye to defende a spasme and to study for the mitigation of the payn The accidentes that happen by the hurte of the nuke bene lyke vnto them which come by the hurt of the braine A spasme is prohibited by the vnction of oyle of Camomylle Prohibition of a spasme and dylle wyth hennes grese wyth a decoction of earth
a playster .. Thys defensyue as it appeareth by the ingredieÌ„tes hath vertue to conforte the place and to kepe it from receauynge mattier antecedente and moreouer it hath parte of familiare resolution Briefly it is a singuler remedy in all woundes to defende apostemation whan the wounde is made after the lengthe of the sayde membre you maye soone iudge that the wounde is wythout daunger of deathe And in thys case it sufficiceth besyde the remedyes aboue noted to make a ligature or byndynge incarnatyue of two endes to ioyne together sondred partes leauynge euer an hole open in the nether parte If the sayde place be hurte wyth apoynted thynge as wyth a darte c. you shall coÌ„sider whether the wound be vpon the muscle For we haue often sene that by incisioÌ„ made after the breadth of the muscle the hande hath loste hys natural mouynge but whaÌ„ the sayde wounde is large ynoughe than it sufficeth to applye a digestiue of the yolkes of egges and oyle of roses hote vnto a perfytte digestion And afterwarde let it be cured accordynge as it is declared in the former chapiters But yf the wounde be so strayte that deriuation of mattier to the said place is to be feared whyche myghte cause greate payne and apostemation Than you mustenlarge the sayde wounde after the sort declared in the chapiter of the wounde of the necke caused by some poynted thynge The cure of the woundes of the elbowe The woundes of the arme in other partyes muste be cured as we haue sayde before Nowe we wyll come to the woundes of the elbow and the handes whyche bene verye daungerous and more in the parte wythin the arme than wythout bycause of the multitude of greate veynes and synnowes whereby greate paynes happen to the sayd places and great apostemations with great abuÌ„dauÌ„ce of bloode whyche cause rigours fieuers spasmes youxinge and perturbation of reason wherfore to auoyde the sayde accidentes we wyll gyue a profitable doctrine Fyrste besyde the intentions afore sayde there be two intentions required The fyrste is to applye conuenient thynges vpon the sayde places The seconde to defende and remoue accidentes Fyrst yf the wounde be large studye to staunche the bloode and to ioyne the sondred partes together as it is sayde in the chapiter of the woundes of the throte then cure the wound vnto the fourth day wyth thys oyle folowyng R. of oyle of the yolkes of egges Ê’ vi oyle of Roses omphacine cleare Turpentyne ana Ê’ ii saffranne ℈ i. odoriferous wyne â„¥ i. and. ss seede of S. IohaÌ„nes wort floures of Rosmarye ana mÌ„ i. Mastyke Ê’ ii ss the iuyce of Plantayne â„¥ i. of womans mylke â„¥ ss calues tallow Ê’ x. oyle of Elders â„¥ ss oyle of roses odoriferous â„¥ i. earthe wormes washed wyth wyne Ê’ x. Seeth them all together wyth a softe fyre vntyll the wyne and iuyce be coÌ„sumed And vse thys oyle wythin in the wounde But in the vtterpart of the wound ye shall applye this cerote folowyng Cerote R. oyle of Roses Violettes Camomylle ana â„¥ ii calues tallowe .li. ss swynes grese â„¥ ii hennes grese mary of the legges of a calfe ana Ê’ i. earth wormes washed wyth wyne â„¥ ii of freshe buttyre â„¥ i. ss Muscilage of Holihocke .li. i. Seeth them all together tyll the Muscilage be consumed thaÌ„ strayne them and put to the straining of Litarge of golde and syluer ana â„¥ ii ss Minium Ê’ vi make a cerote at the fyre wyth sufficient whyte waxe addynge in th ende of cleare Turbentyne â„¥ ii ss Mastyke â„¥ i. and lette them boyle agayne a lytle whan ye haue vsed the sayde oyle in the wouÌ„d foure or seuen dayes yf no accidente lette It shal be verye good to mengle wyth it a lytle honye of Roses and a lytle syrupe of Roses For the other intentions ye shall procede as it is afore sayde But that the payne maye be swaged and Aposteme remoued we wil speke of some necessary remedyes accordynge to the situation of the membres For yf ye perceaue that the mattier whyche causeth payne is hote ye maye take cromes of whyte breade and dyppe it in the brothe of an henne or of fleshe and afterwarde presse it and incorporate it wyth oyle of Roses and yolkes of egges addynge oyle of camomill and a lytle saffran Let these thynges be boyled together tyll they becomme thycke Thys is a synguler remedye to swage the payne of the synnowes beynge hurte and of apostemes caused by the same Item the cromes of whyte breade lythed in cowes mylke and prepared as the foresayde thynges is expedient for the same intention Lykewyse a playster composed of thynges anodine that is to say which remoue payne Playster is commendable after thys description folowynge â„ž of the rootes of holihocke .li. ss of branne camomill melilote of euery one mÌ„ i. of barley of lentyles of euery one mÌ„ ss of lynsede â„¥ i. of parietarie mÌ„ ss Let them boyle all wyth sufficient water vnto the consumption of halfe and then wyth the floure of barley and beanes and a lytle camomil and melilote stamped make a styffe playster addynge of oyle of camomill â„¥ ij of saffran ℈ i. the yolkes of two egges Thys playster appayseth griefe resoluynge matter and moreouer it is maturatiue when the nature wyll that the matter shall come to maturation or rypenes Furthermore ye shall note that yf the matter whyche causeth payne be greatlye enflamed then for the mitigation of the payne it is expedient to applye a playster of the floure of barley and beanes made in a decoction of barley mallowes and violettes wyth a good quantitie of oyle of roses and violettes and a lytle saffran Let them boyle al together and adde in the ende two yolkes of egges For thys playster quencheth inflaÌ„mation Yf the forsayde place chaunce to come to an apposteme called vndemia ye shall resorte to the chapitre whyche treateth of the cure of Vndimia Touchynge the situation of the arme it muste be susteyned towarde the breste that the humours may not easelye descende When there is incisyon of the bone you muste splinte the arme and bynde it conueniently and kepe it vp on hyghe Also a tablette of woode yf the hurte be in the hande or arme vndrelayed wyth stoupes and cloutes and situated vnder the hande and arme from the elbowe to the toppes of the fyngers is verye conuenient Thus endeth the chapitre of the woundes of the shulders cure of the same ¶ The .x. chapitre of the woundes of the brest called Thorax and cure of the same IT chaunceth often that the brest is hurt by poynted thynges The wouÌ„des of the brâ—ste as daggars dartes c. And of them some perce vnto the inner partes Some bene onely superficiall and not percynge Some are wyth hurte of the conteyned meÌ„bres and some wyth out hurte of the same Moreouer of these wouÌ„des persynge and not persynge some bene in the former parte and some
the administration of locall medicines Fyrst yf the wound be made after the length of the membre ye muste ioyne together the soÌ„dred partes with a coÌ„uenient seame procede wyth thynges moderately desiccatyue Also you must digest the wounde with a digestyue made wyth oyle of Roses yolkes of egges the space of two or thre dayes layeng about the same a digestyue magistral ordeyned in the chap. of the cure of the woundes of the adiutorye whaÌ„ the digestion is ended ye shal mundifie the wounde wyth a mundificatyue of syrupe of roses of our description And yf nede be ye may put a tent in the lower parte that the mattier may be purged the better After mundification ye must incarne it adding to the sayd muÌ„dificatiue a lytle aloes hepatike and a litle sarcocolle And for the sigillation you maye coÌ„ueniently vse VnguentuÌ„ de minio described in the cha of the fracture or breaking of the sculle Ye shal procede lykewise whan the wounde is made after the breadth of the membre whan the wounde is caused by coÌ„tusion or brusyng it is coÌ„uenient that the wound be digested a longer time bycause that euerye wounde that is made by coÌ„tusion necessarely cometh to putrefaction As Galene sayeth oeÌ„ vnlnus c. For the other intentions ye shal procede after the doctrine written in the former chapiters Thus. c. The .xiiii. chap. of the woundes of the thyghes and of the legges of theyr partes with the cure of the same woundes of the thighes legges and their partes THe wouÌ„des of the thighes and legges muste be cured as the woundes of the armes of the bones called adiutoria But the pronostications ben diuerse For the woundes of the thighes and the legges are more daungerous than the other bycause of the multitude of the great synnowes veynes muscles chordes and ligamentes whych bynde together the ioynctures And in the former parte of the knee there bene two synnowes verye sensible whyche descende from the brayne and whan they chaunce to be hurt great payne and euyll accidentes ensue as a spasme a fieuer aposteme ê‘turbatioÌ„ of reason c. whiche oftentimes bryng the patient to deth because of the comunion coniunctioÌ„ that they haue wyth the brayne wherfore AuiceÌ„ne sayth in the cha of wouÌ„des that induce a spasme ther ben vlcers in the nuke vlcers in the higher part of the knee And the lacertes of those partes beÌ„ very sinnowie therfore the wouÌ„des induce a spasme sodayne deth Lykewyse within the legge and without they ben very dauÌ„gerous bicause of the gret veines which beyng cut issewe of blood foloweth For the stauÌ„chyng wherof you muste resort to the cha of the fluxe of bloude For the blood of those partes can not be easely restrayned Moreouer they are more daungerous than thother bicause they bene lower the higher meÌ„bres sende humours to the lower that is to say to the thyghes and legges cause ofteÌ„ apostemation in the said places which thing chaunceth not in the armes And therfore it is profitable to hold the meÌ„bre eleuate lyfted vp with the rest of the body wherin the comune prouerbe of ItaliaÌ„s is verified namelye Lamano al pecto la gamba al lecto that is to say the hande on the brest the fote in the bedde Likekewyse whaÌ„ the wouÌ„de is vndre the knee that the dauÌ„ger of apostematioÌ„ is passed it is expedieÌ„t to bynd the legge from the foote to the knee For Guydo sayeth that the diseases of the legges haue nothynge propre by them selues and deferynge from other diseases of the bodye but byndyng that the antecedent mattier be not deryued to the sore place To the cure of the forsayde woundes the intention alleged in the former chaptres are requisyte Concernyng the fyrst and seconde intention ye shall so procede as it hath ben ofteÌ„ sayde in the former Chaptre The thyrde shal be accomplysshed by the application of conuenient medicines vpon the sore place wherfore obseruation of conuenyent dyete vniuersall purgatyon presupposed there is nothyng better to defende apostemation than to admynistre thiÌ„ges that swage payne For as Galen sayeth payne in woundes draweth humours to the place as a veÌ„tose wherfore we wyl declare certayne remedyes to ease payne and those onely which we haue proued Fyrste this liniment is good to be layed aboute the sore ioynctures A liniment whiche is of our description â„ž of the oyle of camomyll of the oyle of roses ana â„¥ ii of hennes grese Ê’ x. of erthwormes washed with wyne â„¥ i. ss of saffran ℈ i. of calves suete â„¥ i. Let the forsayd thynges be boyled togyther a lytle than put to of whyte waxe â„¥ i. Lette them boyle agayne a lytle strayne theÌ„ IteÌ„ we are wont to put this oile to the wounde whiche is of merueylous operation in wouÌ„des of the ioynctures â„ž oyle of terebeÌ„tin of oyle of roses oÌ„phacine anÌ„ â„¥ ii of moste clere terebeÌ„tine Ê’ x. of erthwormes â„¥ i. ss of mastike Ê’ vi of guÌ„me elimi armoniake dissolued with wyne Ê’ i. ss of saffraÌ„ ℈ i. of the floures of s iohns wort mÌ„ i. ss of ceÌ„taurie the greter mÌ„ i. of oyle of lineseed Ê’ vi let these thinges be boiled together a litle afterward strayne them through a cloth thaÌ„ set them a suÌ„nyng in a glasse the space of a moneth and putte into the vessell a fewe floures of saint IohaÌ„nes wort chaunge them euerye seuenth daye Thys oyle as it maye appeare by the simples is of great excellentie in the wouÌ„des of the synnowes ioynctures For it easeth payne it draweth gentlely dryeth moderately which intentions are requisite to the cure of the said wouÌ„des Likewyse you may apply vpon the wound plaisters that swage griefe wrytten in the former chapiters Item thys vnguent folowynge is good to be applyed in all times vpon the sayd woundes Vnguentum basilicuÌ„ magistrate which is of our description and is called vnguentuÌ„ basilicuÌ„ magistrale R. of the oyle of camomylle and roses anÌ„ â„¥ iii. of the oyle of linsede â„¥ ii ss of the oyle of swete almandes â„¥ i. of hennes grese calues suet anÌ„ â„¥ ii of cleare terebentyne â„¥ iiii of mastyke Ê’ x. of wethers suet â„¥ i. ss of erth wormes washed wyth wyne â„¥ ii ss of saffran ℈ i. of the muscilage of holihocke li. ss Let them all boyle together besyde the terebeÌ„tyne vnto the consuÌ„ption of the muscilage than strayne them adde to the straynynge of litarge of golde siluer anÌ„ â„¥ i. ss of miniuÌ„ Ê’ x. lette them boile agayne wyth a softe fyre stirre them about And then encrease the fire let theÌ„ boyle agayn til they become black of colour than adde the foresaid terebentine of rosyne of the pine tree Ê’ vi of shippe pitche Ê’ ss of white diaquiloÌ„ wyth guÌ„mes â„¥ iii. Let them boyle agayne a lytle wyth sufficiente whyte waxe
smalnes Lykewyse rotten vlceres differ lytle froÌ„ fylthye Neuerthelesse in this one thynge they differ that somtyme the rotteÌ„ vlcere is ambulatiue or walkynge And therfore this vlcere putrefactiue and ambulatiue is not without a fieuer whyche goeth not from hym tyl the putrefaction and ambulatioÌ„ be remoued wherefore Galene called thys kynde of corosyue vlceration formicam ambulatinam et igneÌ„ persicum And therfore maligne and poysonable vlceres be cured after one maner and lykewyse fylthy and rotten vlceres The causes of maligne and virulent vlceres are wouÌ„des metyng the suê‘fluities of a body full of euyll and superfluous humours or vlceres folowynge euyl pustles or corrupte diete Lykewyse the causes of fylthye and rotten vlceres are apostemes and exitures to rype and caused of grosse somewhat hote humours in whyche also the chirurgien vsed longe tyme mollityue medicines Holowe vlceres are for the mooste parte engendred of a wounde euyl cured or of a greate aposteme broken of it selfe or bicause the incision was verye smal The causes of corosiue vlceres are sharpe and coleryke humours wyth adustynge or brennyng And therfore Auicenne sayeth Virus speakyng of the qualitie of quytture that that which is thyn and subtyle is called Virus and that whyche is grosse and thycke is called fylth The thinne requireth exiccatioÌ„ and the thicke abstersioÌ„ or skowring Virus is engendred of the boylynge of hote humours wyth the watrines of the same Fylth is engendred of superfluitie of colde grosse humours Furthermore of vlceres some be with a spasme some ben painful and some wythout payne some rounde some playne some depe hauynge many holes are called of Cornelius Celsus chyronica Moreouer some be softe some be hard some shelly some there are in which certeyn veynes are swollen through putrefaction and are called Vlcera varicosa of al these kindes we wyl make a ê‘ticuler chapter The vlceres whyche engendre a spasme bycause of their euyll qualities as Auicenne sayth are holow vlceres rotteÌ„ corosiue caÌ„kerous painfull and the vlceres of Argyromater that is to saye of a philosopher that onely healed vlceres of mooste harde curation Lykewyse certeyne vlceres engeÌ„dre spasme bycause of the place as the vlceres whyche be nye the synnowes chiefly those which are in the backe by reason of the nighnes of the nuke and the vlceres whyche bene in the former parte of the knee bycause the lacertes be very synnowie therfore the woundes and vlceres of that place doth sone enduce a spasme and manye other euyll accidentes as we haue declared in the chapiter of the woundes of the sayd place Further ye shall note that the vlceres of synnowie places maye engender thre kyndes of diseases Fyrste yf the mattier ascend or mount toward the brayne it engendreth a spasme or perturbation of reason and yf it goo downe to the nether membres it wil cause a fluxe of bloode wyth quytterouse mattier whych thyng we haue sene to haue often chaunced And yf it come towarde the partes of the middes of the bodye it wyll engender a pleuresye As touching signes AuiceÌ„ne saith that the generatioÌ„ of heare about the wounde whyche heare before dyd fal awaye is a good signe Also whyte quytture thynne equall in colour and substaunce and in lytle quantitie is a signe that the vlceres wyl be easely cured wherfore in euery vlcere ye maye make pronostication of easy or vneasy curation by the coÌ„sideration of the qualitie or quantitie of the quitture It is a laudable quytture whyche is engendred by digestion through natural heat of the meÌ„bre therfore it must be whyte not thycke equall Quytture not laudable is diuers Some is grosse slimye som blackish some venomous som corosiue of reddish coloure And therfore Auicenne sayth there bene vlceres whose rootes are sharpe that is to say the humours of whome suche vlceres are engendred are sharpe hote and bytynge wherefore through theyr sharpnes they are wont to engendre great ytche which manye tymes maketh the place to be vneaselye cured Lykewyse there be some vlcers as the same man sayth from whych ther sweateth out citrine or yelow corruption so that through hys heate it burneth and byteth the partes that lye about the vlcere And these vlcers bene of verye harde curation Further it chaunceth sometyme that euyll colour of bodye as whyte pale or yelowe accompanieth euyl vlcers whiche thynges signifye corruption of the lyuer and corruption of bloode sente from the lyuer to the vlcered place Also melancholyke and harde vlcers of blewe or blackyshe coloure are of harde curation Vlcers moreouer of blacke coloure wythout felynge ben worste of all bycause of their greate putrefaction Also vlcers that haue harde skalye borders or lippes can not be healed except these lippes or skales be remoued with a sharpe medicine The signes whiche are good in vlcers Good signes in vlcers be whan after muÌ„dification the borders of the lippes be whyte the growing of the flesh is lyke the graynes of pomegranades Also whaÌ„ the quytture is white and not thycke engendred by good operation of nature And when the vlcers be touched by a bytynge medicine they cause not so greate payne as when the vlcere is maligne And therefore those chirurgiens are deceaued whiche saye that it is a good signe when thynges abstersiue wyth mordication or byting administred in woundes cause payn thynkyng that it chauÌ„ceth by the reason of good fleshe where in very dede it cometh of the malignitie of the vlcere For good fleshe when it is touched with a byting medicine causeth litle payn And the reason why euyl fleshe feleth more the bytyng of the medicine then the good flesh is thys namely the sensibilitie of a contrary thynge whych is founde alway in a maligne vlcere For paynfulnes is the felynge of a coÌ„trary thynge Seynge then that euyl fleshe is euer paynful therfore byting medicines by the reason of sensibilitie of the euyll fleshe necessarilye cause greater payne in euyl vlcers than in vlcers muÌ„dified from that corrupt fleshe And therfore Auicenne sayeth thus beware in all medicines that ye cause not payne chiefly yf there be an aposte or euyl coÌ„plexion griefe yee it is nedefull that ye remoue the causes whych hynder the healynge of vlcers as thoughe he wolde saye that bytyng medicines ought not to be admistred in anye paynfull vlcere for that shulde adde payne vpon payne yee wheÌ„ the vlcere is apostemous he forbyddeth the washynge wyth wyne or wyth water of alume And these dryeng thinges are much praised of him in dryeng of vlcers to bryng on skyn when the vlcere is muÌ„dified and perfytly incarnated Furthermore the comune practicyeners do approue oure sayeng which do vse alume of roche burned to bryng on skynne and yet it causeth not greate payne but it wold do the crontrarye yf it were applyed vpon euyl fleshe Neuertheles yf the fleshe in the vlcere be rotten or cankerous theÌ„
the chapter of apostemed woundes but yf the payne be very vehemēt ye muste procede wyth mollifycatiue thynges and that swage payne as Auicenne sayeth that ye muste chiefly be occupied in swagynge payne when the vlceres be verye paynfull The payne can not be swaged by thynges desiccatiue but by mollifycatiue and thoughe they be somwhat contrarye to vlceres neuertheles when the grefe is not appeased the place is not prepared to receyue any curation and therfore the vlcere can not be healed excepte the payne be swaged As touchynge holowe vlceres it is necessarye to procede to the cure therof wyth medicines of stronge abstersyon and desiccation accordynge as the vlceres shal be very holowe or not For Auicenne sayeth that when the vlceres bene depe they nede more abstersyon and desiccation and the reason is because that greate quantitie of humours is drawen to the place whyche muste be cōsumed wyth great exiccation And for as moche as in greate holow vlceres there nedeth regeneration of fleshe by reason of loste substaunce to fyll the holes it is necessarye to obserue one rule that is to saye that ye muste in no wyse applye an incarnatiue medicine bycause that when incarnatiue thynges be applyed before mundifycation they produce superfluous fleshe whych hyndreth true incarnation Furthermore Auicenne sayeth that holowe vlceres be sone turned into fystules wherfore the chirurgien muste be diligent in the cure thereof And he sayeth moreouer that vlceres whyche be nyghe to synnowes and be in places full of vaynes and arteries bene apte to engendre apostemes in fleshye partes nyghe the sayde places as are the eniunctories and the stones and moste chieflye when the bodye is fylled wyth euyll humours And therfore it is good to purge the bodye accordynge to the euyll matter And afterwarde ye muste procede wyth thynges mollifycatiue and that swage paynefulnes whyche is comunely greate in thys case by reason of the nyghnes of synnowes When the payne is seased then ye shall procede to the cure of the sayd vlceres and amonge the conuenient remedyes vnguentum Basilicon of oure description is good Furthermore ye muste holde this for a generall rule that when the vlceres be in a verye sensyble place ye muste procede wyth lyghte medicines as moche as it is possyble And when they be in membres not sensyble ye shall procede wyth stronge medecines whyche is the doctrine of Auicenne whyche sayeth that as a synnowe discouered hathe nede of an easye medicine because of hys greate felynge so lygamentes that growe from the bones whyche are insensyble maye suffre stronger medicines Wherfore we maye more surelye worke in membres of smal felynge then in mēbres that bene verye sensyble And ye maye saye that preciouse membres and moost necessarye are sonest hurte bycause of theyr greate sensibilitie And therfore vlceres and sores in synnowie places and in inwarde mēbres can not endure a stronge medicine as is verdegrese and soch lyke yf they be not corrected by the admixtion of pleasaunt and glutynous thynges as dragagantū c. The lyquores that shal be putte in holowe and fystulous vlceres muste be of meane desiccation for you muste auoyde all vnctuose medicines yf it be not to take awaye the sharpenes of the medicines and to swage payne For as Galene sayeth vlceres can not be healed by moysture but by desiccation Also ye muste beware that ye cause not paynefulnes chiefelye when the vlceres be wyth apostemation and wyth euyll complection We haue declared in the former chapitre as concernynge speculation howe the sayde vlceres ioyned wyth accidentes ought to be healed and wyll speake more in the chapter folowynge Furthermore a good chirurgien must cōsyder what maner of byndyng is cōueniēt for in some vlcers the byndynge called incarnatiue is necessarie and in some the byndynge named expulsiue and sometyme ye shall nede the byndynge called retentiue and therfore ye muste not strayne the byndynge to moche for it myght cause apostemation of the vlceres The byndynge incarnatiue is conueniente in the armes and in the legges and defēdeth the humours that they aryue not to the vlcered place and as we haue sayde often it is not possible to heale an vlcere tyll the aposteme be remoued and of the sayde lygatures we haue spoken sufficientlye in the boke of woundes in a chapter properly of the same Furthermore there be certayne vlceres in whyche ye muste applye lyquide medicines that they maye more easelye enter vnto the botome of whyche we wyll speake in a peculier chapter of holowe vlceres Here ye shall obserue that the vlcers that bene olde and holowe are harde to be healed and for the moste parte they be wyth corruption of the bone For Hypocrates sayeth that in olde vlceres the bone muste be taken oute c. Thys Aphorisme is trewe in holowe vlceres and in vlcers caused of colde exitures One of the principall remedyes in the cure of vlceres is to take awaye the causes whyche engender the vlceres and to comfort the place from whēce the humours come and the vlcered place Whyche thynge maye be done by purgation of the euyll humours digestion of the same presupposed For a laxatiue medicine is not conuenient for it excepte the humours bene dygested as Hypocrates sayeth we muste heale dygested thynges and not moue rawe thynges In lyke maner cuttynge of a vayne some tyme auayleth to the curation of vlceres chyeflye when the bodye is full of humours Ye maye applye leches or bloodsuckers vpon the vaynes called Hemorroydales principallye when the vlceres ben in places nyghe to them Finallye we haue proued that the vse of vomytynge is good in those whych do easely vomyte in the somer tyme thus we ende thys present chapter ¶ The fourth chapter of virulent corosyue and malygne vlceres VIrulent corosyue and maligne vlceres differ not but in the qualitie excedynge for they ben al engēdred of hote burned matter and therfore Auicenne sayeth that the causes of maligne vlceres are superfluities procedynge of bodyes full of vicious humours and of euyll dyete and of euyll pustules and at the begynnynge these vlceres vtter subtyle and sharpe quytture called Virulentia and when theyr malyce is augmented by corosyon of humours they are called corosyue vlceres and when they encrease greatlye in shorte tyme they are called ambulatiue and yf the malyce be greate so that it confirmeth the membre they are called Lupi or eatynge vlceres or rankers as we haue declared in the chapter of melancolyke apostemes The cure of these vlceres shal be accomplyshed by foure intentions the fyrste is purgation of the bodye The seconde ordynaunce of dyete The thyrde remotion of the virulent and venimous matter and of the corrosyon The fourthe is administration of sondrye remedyes accordynge to the places and accordynge to the tymes of the foresayde vlceres The fyrste entention whyche consystethe in purgation of humours shal be accomplyshed as it foloweth Fyrst ye
sklendre tyll the daunger of an aposteme be past for which intention ye shal resorte to the vniuersall chapter Here ye shall note that after the .iiii. or .vii. day ye may conueniently gyue to the patient a broth of ciceres to resolue wyndines Ye shal also procure that the patient be euer soluble by a clystre or by some other meane ¶ The .xiii. Chapter Of the fracture of the thyghe bone ALthough ther be a gret multitude of muscles in the thyghe and greate thycknesse yet ye maye easely knowe the fracture therof by reason ther is but one bone which is grosse and large and when it is broken it appeareth to be raysed vp in one parte and depressed in an other The restauracion of this boone differeth not from the bone called adiutory Howebeit ye shall note this one thyng that in this case greater stretchynge is requyred than in other bones and the splentes must be lōger larger thā in other mēbres And Auicenne sayeth that in this fracture the patient seldome eskapeth haltynge Concernynge the situacion of the membre and his cradle made of cloutes and other his apparell we haue spoken suffycyently in the vniuersall chapiter of fractures And for the rest of the cure ye shall procede according to the doctryne of the sayde chapiter This fracture is cōmenly restored in fyftye dayes somtymes soner sometymes longer accordynge to the age and complexion of the patient c. ¶ The .xiiii. Chapter Of the breakyng of the legge AS we haue declared in our Anatomy ther be .ii. bones in the leg called socilles also of whiche the greater is called crus or the shyn and the lytle is called the lesse focille when the fracture is in the lesse focill the restauracion is easy but when it is in the greater or in both it is harde And yf the fracture of bothe the focilles be founde with a wounde than it is hardest of all The fracture of the greater bone is knowen by this that the broken parte bendeth outwarde and in the fracture of the lesse focylle the bone bendeth inward The restauration of the sayde bones dyffer not frō the cure of the focilles of the arme that is to saye the master must haue his aparel .ii. mynisters of whiche one must take the legge aboue the knee and the other about the insteppe and they must draw it equally Than the master must addresse the bone into the place pressyng it with both his handes and afterwarde he must applye stoupes moisted in the white of an egge beaten with oyle of roses and oyle of myrt and then he must bynde it and splente it as it is sayde of the cure of the broken adiutorie ¶ The .xv. Chapter Of the fracture of the rounde bone of the knee AS the doctours say the rounde bone in the knee receyueth no fracture but is displaced put oute of ioynte whyche thynge yf it chaunceth the chirurgien muste retourne it steyghtlye into hys place and afterwarde he must apply vpon it a playster of the whyte of an egge beaten with oyle of roses and oyle of myrte byndynge thereupon a pece of lether accordyng to the roūdnesse of the bone and he must chaūge the apparell euery fyfth daye ¶ The .xvi. Chapter Of the fracture of the bones of the feete and of the heeles and toes THe fracture of the boones of the raschete of the fete and of the toes of the heles chaūceth seldome and whan it chaunceth it is not restored wythout greate labour And therfore an exercysed mā is requyred in this case for throughe the multitude of synowes greate paynes and apostemations are wont to chaunce And forasmoche as these bones can not be broken withoute a notable attrition of the synowes and lacertes therfore my counsayle is after the restauratiō of the bones to vse medicines the swage payne vnto the .vii. day as is this playster folowynge A playster to swage payne ℞ of oyle of myrt of oyle of roses omphacine ana ℥ ii the whyte of .iii. egges of the lesse plantayne called rybwort cut in small peces and stamped m̄ ii of myldust of barly floure and beane floure well boulted ana ʒ vi mengle them all togyther and playster the place with stoupes moysted in water wyne of pomegranades and renewe it not but euerye thyrde daye After vii dayes ye shal procede with application of the cerote wrytten in the chapiter of the fracture of the bones of the brest The maner of restoring the said fracture is this ye must laye the fote of the patient vpon a fast borde and put vnder the foote some cloute or other softe thyng than let the mayster thrust togyther the foote of the patient and so addresse the bones into theyr propre places as wel as he can c. ¶ Here foloweth a treatise of the dislocation or displacing of the ioyntes ¶ The fyrst Chapter Of vniuersall cure of bones put out of ioynte DIslocation after Haliabbas is whē a bone goeth out of his place Dislocation in which there is cōcauities where the boones are ioyned togither Yf the dislocation be lytle so that the bone be not out all togyther it is called dislocation not complete and it is it which cōmenly is called torsion or wresting And there is a third kynde which is called of Auicen the elongation of the ligamentes oute of theyr naturall place Moreouer the sayde doctour teacheth that the bones are ioyned togither .iiii. maner of wayes The fyrst is like a sawe cōmenly called coniunctio serratilis as ye maye se in the seames of the heed The seconde is after the maner of fixion or styckyng as in the teeth The thyrde is after the maner of correspondens as ye maye se in the bones of the brest The fourth is by byndynge and in that there is an holownes betwene two bones as ye may se in the ioynynge togyther of the armes and of the knees As touchyng the causes of dislocacation some are outwarde as a fall a stroke Causes inordynate stretchyng of mēbres some be inward as grosse slimy humours and wyndynesse lyinge about the ioyntes And sometyme by defaute of nature which hath ordeyned the ioyntes and the ligamentes in some men weake and the holownesse of the ioyntes not very depe And therfore the sayde Auicenne sayeth Dislocation chaunceth in some men bycause the holownesse of the ioyntes are not diepe and also the ligament which is ordeyned betwene them bothe is not softe but weake we sayde moreouer dislocation maye chaunce in great ioyntes by reason of grosse wyndynesse and slymy humours and that is not our saying but Auicennes whose wordes be these wyndynesse sayth he wyth imflammation maketh the membre sometyme to be broken that is to say to be displaced Concernyng the kyndes of dislocation one is simple an other compounde The compounde is with payne aposteme wound or fracture of the bone and somtyme with hardnesse and by these kindes ye shal ordre the cure Of ioyntes some are
softe rere egges for throughe the mouynge of the iawes he myghte fall into hys olde dysease If the pacyente hathe no feuer he maye dryncke delayed wyne and yf he hathe a feuer he shall dryncke water sodden wyth honye ⸫ The thyrde chapiter of the dislocation of the spondiles of the necke HAliabas sayth that a complete dislocation of the spōdiles of the necke Dislocation of the necke bryngeth the pacyent with oute fayle to death by reasō of the wrestynge and breking of the sinowes and hurting the nuke for as Galiene sayth the accydentes of the nuke and of the brayne are like Wherefore in the dyslocation of the spondiles of the necke the pacyent is choked incontinently with the quince his breth is stopped and so he dieth sodenlye And lyke wyse through the dislocation of the spondyles of the brest by reason of the lacertes that moue it bicause the longes sease frō theyr natural action And of the dislocation of the spondiles of the necke and of the backe boone there is one whyche enclyneth towarde the inwarde parte the restauration whereof is impossible thoughe some men commaunde to applye ventoses vppon the necke and to prouoke neysynge in tyme of restauratyon whyche thing is reproued of Hypocrates There is another dislocation whyche enclyneth toward the outwarde parte and maye be restored as it foloweth The pacyent must lye vppon a bedde and ye muste bynde two bandes one vnder the chynne and an nother in the insteppes of the feete ye muste haue three mynisters which must draw together and than the master must addresse the dysplaced spondile thrustynge and pressynge harde vppon the dislocation howebeit he had nede to be a discret and an expert man But yf the dislocations of the spōdile be lower then the neck it is better to tye the bandes vnder the arme holes crossewayes There is another dislocation of the backe boone called of Haliabas arcuatio spine and that is whan some spondile is enclyned towarde the ryght or lefte syde and it maye be restored by the foresayde stretchynge and thrustyng of the spondile into hys naturall place Furthermore it is to be noted that in all dislocation of spondyles commynge aswel by a cause primytiue as bi a cause antecedente there is daunger leste a bunch happen in the place cheyfelye in yonge children but of the cure therof we wyll speke in our boke of addicions The sygnes of euel pronostication are these reteynynge of vryne Eyell sygnes and issuynge of excrementes agaynste the pacyentes wyll by reason that the synowes bene hurted and coldenes of the extreme partes and some tyme there chaunceth therewyth all dyslocation of the rompe and that is thus knowen as Auycenne sayethe namelye whan the pacyente can not bowe hys knee nor lyfte vp hys heele towarde hys rompe and whan there is greate payne and deformytie of the place for the restauration hereof the pacyent must lye vpon the bedde and hys belly downward and the master muste put hys thombe or hys myddle finger anointed with oyle of roses in to the foundament and he muste lyfte vp the boone as strongly as he canne and therewythall presse downe wyth hys tother hande the boone that standeth oute and so bryng it into hys naturall place After restauration ye muste applye vpon the place a plaister made of myl duste the whyte of an egge and oyle of roses and myrtine vnto the fourth day and for the rest of the cure ye may aply a playster of mylduste made with the iuce of plantayne and comferye wrytten in the vnyuersall chapter of dislocations And ye must bynd vpon the place a splente of woode or lether And thus we make an ende The .iiij. chapter of the dislocation of the shulder or of the toppe of the boone called adiutorium ⸫ DIslocation of the boone called adiutorium chaūceth not often but in the nether parte by reson of the thyckenes of the muscles whych are in the sayde places and because that the shulder is well couered and there chaunceth not often dislocation towarde the hynder parte as Auycenne sayth because the shulder defendeth it Lykewyse it chaunceth not towarde the breaste for there is a greate lacert whyche hath two heddes and kepeth the bone of the adiutorie that it be not dysplaced on that syde Howebeit Albucrasis saith that the toppe of the adiutorie maye be dysplaced on euerye syde whyche opynion is approued of very fewe wryters whan ye haue perceaued the dyslocation by the holownes vpon the shoulder and by swellynge vnder the arme hooles and by comparynge the one wyth the other ye muste go about the restauration wyth all spede yf thys dyslocation be in yonge chyldren ye maye restore it by puttyng your thōbe vnder the arme holes lyftynge vp the boone and drawyng downe the arme wyth the other hand And yf thys dislocation be in a stronge and harde bodye than ye muste putte a round pece of woode vnder the arme hooles and thrust the boone to his place after the maner as is aforesayd Howebeit we wyl declare .iiij. wayes to restore the boone into hys place The fyrste is to putte a wedge of woode vnder the arme viii fyngers or ynches longe and foure fyngers brode hauynge a rounde ende whych ende muste be compassed wyth stoupes and set iustly vnder the arme Then the master muste laye the pacyente vpon a benche or vpon a bedde and set hys heele vpon the tother ende of the wedge of woode and therwith all he muste drawe downe the arme wyth both hys handes as strōgly as he maye Thys is the moost certayne waye of restauration that is and it is of oure inuention There is a nother waye wyth a longe barre hauynge in the myddle a roundenes somewhat bigger than an egge made wyth stoupes and cloutes whyche barre muste be holden by two stronge mynysters vppon theyr shulders standynge in a hygh place that whan the pacyente hangethe on the barre settynge hys arme hoole vppon thys roundnes hys feet may not touche the grounde Than let one mynyster pul downe the arme of the pacyente and another hys feete to the grounde warde softely let there be a thyrde mynyster whych may thrust the shulder wyth hys handes beneth an other maner The pacyent must be hanged vppon the steppe of a ladder wrapped aboute wyth cloutes wyth some emynence or standynge oute after the maner of an egge and let hys arme be drawen downe myghtelye wherein ye shall marke that in the tyme of restauration the roundnes of the sayd steppe be vnder the armehole leste parchaunce the boone called adiutorium shulde be broken We haue another waye of restauration whyche is accomplysshed onelye by handes Ye must haue a lynnen band .iii. or .iiii. times doubled and ye muste tye it to a beame of a celler and set the pacyentes arme hole vpon the band fyrsteleying vnder as it were a great ball of cloutes and than vse the maner declared in the vse of the lader Furthermore
we haue often restored the adiutorye wyth a peece of wood bended after the maner of the yron of a crossebow wyth hys strynge nayled at bothe the endes descendynge frome the beame of the soller by a wyndlace hanging the armes ouer as it is sayd before and beynge vnder a quantitie of stoupes in a rounde fygure for thā the mynisters drew downe the armes and the feet gentylly and I addressed the dyslocation thrustynge the shulder downe Some comaunde to leye the arme of the pacyent vpon the shulder of some hygher man so to pull downe the armes of the pacient whych way I neuer alowed for the moost part it is deceyuable Furthermore it chaunceth sometyme that thys ioynte abydeth longe vnrestored and therfore hardenes groweth in the place whyche hyndereth restauration wherefore the place muste be molyfied wyth some decoction or playster mollyficatiue and so the restauration maye be enterprised by one of the foresayde meanes Thys restauration is commonlye accomplysshed in twentie dayes we wyll speake nothynge of the dyslocation of the shulder and of the forcke boone for as Auycenne sayth they are verye seldome displaced and suffer onlye separation and not dyslocation and whan they be separated ye maye reduce them to theyr places onelye with youre hande and by the applycatyon of constrictiue medycines c. The .v. chapter of the dyslocation of the elbowe FOr manye causes the dyslocation of the elbowe and restauratiō therof is iudged to be of greate dyfficultie both for the strong lygamentes that contayne it and also for the shortenes of the same and morouer by reason of the concauitie of the boone And thoughe thys ioynt as some saye maye be dysplaced in all partes yet it happeneth not commonly but in the former and hynder part and that is the worse whych through in obedyence and scarcenes of flesshe bendeth to the hynder parte The sygnes of the dyslocation of the elbowe are easye to be knowen for one part boucheth oute and the other syncketh in and the pacyente can not bowe hys arme towarde hys brest nether lyft it vp to hys shulder and ther is also inequalitie betwene hym and hys felowe The restauration hereof muste be taken in hande wyth all spedynes Ye muste haue two mynysters of whyche one muste take the adiutorye and the other the hande of the pacient and they muste stretche oute the arme and than the master muste conueye the bone into his place wyth hys handes beynge annoynted wyth oyle of rooses pressynge the place that standeth oute verye strongelye And yf the dyslocation be in the hynder parte of the elbowe the mynisters muste stretche oute the arme strongelye as is aforesayde and the master muste compasse the elbowe aboute wyth hys hande and so thrust the bone into hys place Thys doone let the ioynte be emplastered wyth a restrictyue plaister and let it be bounde conuenyentelye and let it be holden hangynge vp toward the necke and let the medicine remayne tyll the forth daye Thys restauration maye be accomplysshed in fyue and twentye dayes And because that oftentymes there remayneth certayne hardnes after restauration for the molyfication there of ye shall resorte to oure antidotary to the chapter of molyficatyue medycynes Item after the .xv. dayes be passed ye maye vse oure cerote ordayned in the chapter of cerotes for fractures of boones The .vi. chapter of the dyslocation of the ioyntes of the hande of the fyngers THe ioyntes of the handes and of the fyngers are sone dysplaced and sone restoored and for the mooste parte they are displaced in the former and hynder parte The sygnes dyffer not frome other dyslocations For the restauratyon ye muste haue two ministers to stretche oute the hand and the master muste moue the ioyntes thrustynge downe the bone that standeth out tyl they be agayne comen into ther place After restauration ye shall applye a palyster of mylduste made with the whytes of egges and wyth oyle of roses and oyle of myrte where wythall ye shal procede vnto the .vii. day chaūging it euery thyrd daye and the arme muste be set vpon a boorde wrapped wyth hourdes and cloutes After the vii daye ye shall vse thys remedye vnder wrytten vnto perfyte curation ℞ the whytes of two egges of oyle myrtine of oyle of rooses ana ℥ ss of oyle of mastycke ℥ ss of clere terebyntyne ʒ x. of redde pouder ℥ i. of the iuce of plātayn ʒ vi of the flour of barly and beanes ana ʒ v. myngle them and let thē be aplied after the maner of a playster And for as muche as great payne and dyffycultye in mouynge the ioyntes weakenes of the same chaunceth after restauration ye maye conuenyentelye vse the cerote folowynge whych swageth payne and molyfyeth and comforteth the ioyntes ℞ of the rotes of holyhocke soden and strayned of the rootes of salomons seale sodden after the same maner ana .li. ss of oyle of roses omphacine of oyle of myrt ana ℥ i ss of agryppa and dyalthea ana ʒ vi of clere terebentyn of oyle of cammomyll ℥ i. of the floures of roosemarye of squinantum of wormewoode ana a lytle of wormes washed with wine ℥ i. ss of odoryferous wyne lj i. seeth altogether excepte the straynynge tylle the wyne be consumed then strayne them and make a soft cerote wyth suffycyente whyte waxe and wyth the foresayde strayninge addynge of saffron ʒ ii Thys ioynte is confyrmed in xii dayes as some men thyncke and thus we make an ende c The .vii. chapter of the dyslocation of the hyppe ALl though all doctoures affyrme except Albucrasys that the hyppe may be dysplaced on euery syde Dislocation of the hippe yet commonly it chaūceth in the outwarde or hynder parte A sygne of dyslocation towarde the outwarde part is when the foote of that same syde is shorter than hys felow and whan there is in the flancke some vncustomed holownes a certain buntch or eminence in the contrary parte A signe of dyslocation in the hynder parte is thys namelye whan the paciente can not bowe hys knee whan the foote is shortened with molyfication in the flanck and when the roundnes of the hyppe boūcheth outewarde the buttockes when dyslocation is in the inner part though it chaūce seldome These be the sygnes thereof The foote of the same syde is longer then the other and the knee is greter then the other and the patient can nat lyft vp his legge towarde his flanke the ende of the hippe bone bendeth towarde the flanke and therfore ther appereth alwayes in that place some swelling whan dislocation chaunceth in the former parte it maye be knowē by returnynge of vryne and excremētes and by swellynge of the flancke by that that the pacyente can not go but vpon hys heele suffereth payne in hys knee Wherefore whan the dislocatyon is knowne by the foresayde sygnes ye must go aboute the restauration with all spedines for the longer ye tary the worse it shal be to
oyle maye be compared to the balsamum The ordynaunce of it is after thys sorte R. of oyle omphacyne two pound of storax calamita Oâ—â—um benedictum of laudanum of olibanum of saffranne of gumme arabyk of mader of gumme of the yuye tree of aloes succatryne of mastyke of cloues of galingale of cynamome of nutmigges of cubebes of euerye one two ounces of gumme elimi li. i. of myrrhe of bdelium of euerye one â„¥ i. ss of galbanuÌ„ sixe ounces of spike of lignum aloes of euerye one â„¥ i. rasyn of the pyne of armonyke of opoponax of euery one ten draÌ„mes poudre the thynges that bene toke poudered and mengle them wyth the sayde oyle and then put them in a lembike wyth hys heade and receyuoure and stille them accordynge to arte and let all the vesselles be stopped wyth luto sapiencie Fyrste put the lembike vpon a softe fyre the space of xii houres encreasinge the same from .vi. to .vi. houres tyl all be stilled whyche done pouder the residue of the spices agayne and wyth the forsayd oyle beyng stilled as is aforsayd let them be stilled againe and so at the laste ye shal haue an oyle lyke vnto bawme Here foloweth an artificiall oyle of bawme Bawme artificial which is a great and a noble secrete to conserue health R. of cynamome cloues nutmigges ginger zedoar longe blacke peper of the graynes of iuneper of the ryndes of limons and orenges of laurel beryes of the leaues of sage basille rosemarye rounde mintes of penyrial geÌ„cian calamint of the floures of elders of the floures of rosemary of spike narde of lignum aloes of wild cubebes of cardomomuÌ„ of calamus aromaticus of stichados of saint Iohns wort of germaÌ„der of mirre of mastike of olibanuÌ„ of aloes epatike of the sedes leaues of dylle of the seede of motherworte ana â„¥ i. of fatte drye figges of raysons of the meate of dates of swete almons of kernelles of a pyneaple of euerye one ten drammes of white hony â„¥ vi whyte suger asmuch stampe them all and stille them renewe them thries at the lest wyth the spices remayning in the botom Another oyle of bawme of oure inuention whyche is of the same effecte that the other is and healeth greate and freshe woundes R. of moost clere terebentyne li. ii of oyle omphacyne li. ss of guÌ„me elimi â„¥ vi of newe rasyn of the pyne of colophonia of euerye one â„¥ iii. of myrrhe aloes epatike fraÌ„kynsence of sarcocolle mastyke armonyake dissolued with vinagre of euerye one â„¥ i. ss of cloues nutmigges cubebes cynamome of euery one thre draÌ„mes of the seede of saynte Iohns worte of mader of fine grayne wherwyth scarlet is died of euerye one ten drammes of earth wormes washed wyth wyne â„¥ viii poudre the thinges that be to be poudred and mengle theÌ„ all together addynge of maluesye li. i. ss stille them in a glasse as it is aforesayde ☞ Note that the water which shall come out of thys composicion is verye good for the woundes of the heade thoughe the sculle be broken wythoute discouerynge of the boone and administred wyth cerotes and the poudre wrytten in the chapter for the breakynge of the sculle Thys oyle maye wel be compared wyth bawme and hathe all the vertues requisite to heale woundes perfytlye and chieflye those whyche are in synnowy places For as Auicenne sayeth a medicyne apte to heale woundes of synnowes must be hote and dry of fine partes and temperate heat wythout mordication Oyle of yolkes of egges Oyle of yolkes of egges is good to smoth the roughnes of the skynne and also to remoue tetters and ryngwormes and chappes Item it swageth payne of colde vlceres in synnowye places and of vlcers of the eares and it is made as it foloweth Take the yolkes of twenty egges wyth the shelles soddeÌ„ with water then staÌ„pe theÌ„ in a mortar and sette the yolkes only on the fyre in a lytle brasse panne and styrre them aboute tyll they begynne to heaue vp froÌ„ the botome of the panne wyth fome then putte them in a weted thycke clothe and presse them stroÌ„glye in a presse and vse thys oyle for it is a present remedye in all the forsaid passions Here foloweth the ordinaunce of an oyle magistrale of our description whyche we haue proued to be verye good Oyle magistrale agaynste all colde passions of the sinnowes and ioynctes for it heateth moderatelye and dryeth and resolueth straung humidities of the synnowes of ioynctes and therfore it cureth the palsye and crampe comynge of a moyste cause Item it remedyeth swymmynge in the heade epilepsia and apoplexia yf ye annoynte the coronall comissure therwyth And it is thus made R. of oyle of nardus of costus of oyle of a foxe mastyke flouredeluyce lillies of euery one two ounces of oyle of roses odoriferous li. iii. of newe brycke li. iii. Then burne the brycke and putte it hote into the sayde oyles and afterwarde stampe them and braye them and stylle them with the oyles in a lembicke and kepe the distillation for the sayde infirmities The oyle of yperycon or saynte Iohns worte is wrytten in the boke of simples whereunto ye shal resorte An artificial oyle of bawme Oyle of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which is singuler for woundes of the synnowes and for diseases coming by colde humours and to remedie the crampe the palseye the epilepsye beynge layed vpon the coronall seame is thus ordeyned R. of terebentyne a pound of whyte frankynsence of laudanum of euery one foure ounces of mastike of galingale of cloues of cinamome of zedoar of nutmigges cubebes of lingnum aloes of euery one two ounces of gumme elimi sixe drammes of oyle of roses omphacyne li. ss of oile of mastyke â„¥ ii ss of earthe wormes washed wyth wine thre ounces mengle them all together and stille them in a glasse as is aforesayde Oyle of swete almons smotheth the brest and the longes and suppleth the hardnes dryenes of the ioyntes and swageth thyrst and therfore it is good for them that haue the ptisike and peynes of the eares caused of mixt matter The oyle of bitter almons easeth the paine of the eares caused of colde matter for it driueth awaye the wyndynes and hissynge of the same and amendeth defenes Moreouer it remoueth spottes of the face and softeneth hardnes of the synowes kylleth wormes through his bitternes Oyle of peches is of lyke effecte Oyle of lynseed hath greate vertue ageynst all passions of the fundament and it is conuenientlye administred in medecynes ordeyned for the crampe Item it is a goode medecyne for the roughnes of the synnowes paynes of the ioyntes Oyle of laurell by reson of his aromatick nature is good for the colik caused of colde matter it comforteth cooled and weakened synnowes and also the crampe and fynallye all colde synnowy diseases Oyle of roses complete that is to saye made of roses and olyues perfitlye
sayeth that comynge of the emoroides oftentimes healeth melancholye Besyde these veynes there be many other in the bodye that phisitions vse to phlebotomye whych bycause we wyll not be tedious we wyl not speake of at thys tyme. But for as muche as ventoses supplie the rowme of phlebotomye we wyll now speake somewhat of theyr vtilities Ventoses applyed vpon the raynes are good agaynst the apostemes of the thyghes scabbes goutes wyndynes and pleuresie and also they prouoke the floures Applyed vpon the shoulder they ease the payne of the eyes and of the heade Vpon the buttockes they swage the payne of the rybbes the backbone Vppon the lyuer they are good agaynst bledynge Item applyed vnder the chynne they helpe the quynce and drawe the matter whych myghte choke the pacient to the outwarde partes and they are of lyke effecte layde vpon the necke The chirurgiens nombre .x. veynes in the armes two called mediane two cephalice two basilice two assellares and two cubitales In the heade there are .xiij. veynes two behynde the eares two in the temples two in the corners of the eyes two called organice or instrumentall one in the crowne of the heade the veyne of the forheed and the veyne of the nose and two vnder the tongue In the legges and fete there are fouÌ„d viij veynes two in the knees two called saphene two sciatice and two vpon the combe of the fote And thus we make an ende of thys chapter to the honour of God c. ¶ The .iij. chapter of curynge FOr asmuche as chirurgiens sometyme nede laxatiue medicines we wyll speake of them in thys chapter and we wyll declare the rules whych muste be obserued in the administration of the sayde medicines for great consyderations muste be hadde herin For euen as aboundaunce of humours is cause of dyseases so euacuation is cause of helth GalieÌ„ declareth sondry maners of purgations that is to say by laxatiue medicine by sweat by bleedinge at the nose by spytle by the vomyte by phlebotomye by prouocation of vryne and of the floures by emeroides by bathes rubbynges clysters and exercises Of phlebotomie we haue spoken at large in the chapter goynge before And of clysters we haue wrytten sufficientlye in our Antidotarie there makynge an especiall chapter of the same where vnto ye shall resorte as nede shall requyre Wherfore we wyl onely declare in this chapter The order of purgation by mouthe purgations wyth thynges taken by mouthe Fyrst let the chirurgien beware lest he fall into an errour touchynge purgation For as Mesue sayeth no suffragyes or helpes profyte him that perisheth wherfore we must consyder the nature of the humours whyche we wyll purge and the complexion of the bodye For colde humours muste be purged wyth stronge medicine hote humours wyth temperate medicine Lykewyse stronge and fleshye bodyes and accustomed to laboure and receyue purgations maye endure stronge medicines but leane and weake bodyes as olde men chyldren and women wyth chylde vnacustomed to receaue purgacion muste haue more easyer and gentler medicines wherfore se that ye consyder the exercise complexion and custome of the body the age the tyme of the yeare the nature of the region or contrey For as Hypocrates sayeth regarde muste be hadde of custome contreye tyme and age Item ye muste aske the pacient whether hys bellye be of harde or soft nature and whether medicines were wonte to worke in hym spedely Moreouer ye muste consyder whether the dysease procedeth of proprietie accompanyenge or suffrynge wyth other Also the tymes of the dysease are not to be neglected namelye the begynnynge encrease or augmentation Lykewyse ye shall dyete the pacient accordynge to the coÌ„syderation of the forsayde thynges for sometyme a slender dyete is requisyte and sometyme it is not requisyte for when the dysease is sharpe the dyete muste be subtyle but when it is continuall and endureth loÌ„ge the dyete must be more grosse Howbeit it is better to fayle in great quantitie then in to lytle for yf naturall strengthe be to muche dyminished the medicine shal profyte nothynge therafter Therfore Hipocrates sayeth well that patientes do erre in slender dietes for euerye faute is worse in slender dyetes then in grosse The phisicions sometyme vse purgacion though there be no great repleacion or aboundaunce of humours by reason of the vehemeÌ„cy of the dysease and thys they do by auctoritie of Galien whych sayeth In sharpe dyseases we cut a veyne In diseases caused of qualitie and not of matter the doctours vse thynges that alter and not that purge How be it when bloode is muche altered in heate ye maye vse phlebothomie to dyminishe the heate but when the faute is only in the quaÌ„titie of the bloode the doctours procede incontinently wyth euacuation and not wyth alteration To come to our purpose we wyll declare the canons or rules whych are comonlye vsed in the ministratioÌ„ of laxatiue medicines The fyrst is concernyng dygestion for before we purge any matter we muste dygeste the same ingrossynge the subtyle and subtylynge the grosse and lykewyse we muste brynge the rawe humours to heate by thynges fyt for the purpose Howbeit sometymes necessitie coÌ„strayneth vs to vse purgatioÌ„ with out dygestion goynge before chyeflye when the matter is aboundaunt as in apoplexie palsye or lyke dyseases in whyche chokynge of nature is to be feared wythin foure dayes or in venemous and pestilentiall dyseases and when the matter is nye the princypall membres Item when the dysease is verye paynfull and procedeth of subtyle matter mouynge from one place to another and when of nature it is readye to corrupte the complexion of the member as in esthiomenos and cancrena The seconde canon is that vniuersal purgacion go before particuler that the particuler maye the better worke vppon the matter conioyncte We call it an vniuersall purgacyon Vniuersall purgation whyche purgeth the matter of a member receyuynge the sayde matter thoroughe communitie of the hole multiplication of humours or thorough coÌ„munitie of sondrye membres or that purgeth the matter of the comun wayes as of the stomacke the great veynes Particuler purgation or the guttes Particuler purgacion is that whyche hathe respecte to one onelye member as to the brayne the harte the lyuer the mylte and other suche The thyrde canon is that some tyme particuler purgation go before vniuersall namelye when the matter is not aboundaunt eyther bycause it shal be sufficient that it be drawen out by the emunctories of the member or bycause the member from whyche the matter is deryued is not stronge in gyuyng or bycause the body or the member are not set vnder the dominion of the matter whyche causeth the dysease in the member The fourth canon is that purgacion be made in that parte whervnto the matter inclyneth Wherfore yf the matter be in the stomacke ye shall purge it by vomyte yf in the guttes by â—lysters The fyfth canon is that ye must diligentlye consyder the euyl humour
the feuer leueth not the pacient tyl the aposteme be ended by the waye of resolution or suppuration when it procedeth of cholere inclinynge to putrefaction it is a tercian and begynneth with great colde and encreaseth in heate is with great sweate But yf it begyn wyth colde tremblynge and perturbation of reason or wyth a palsye or with euyll accidentes it proceadeth of putrefaction of the brayne The fourthe obseruaunce is touchynge flesshe growynge vppon the bone in the .viii. or .ix. day If it growe in the forme of the graynes of a pome granade and afterwarde dymynysshe or be vtterly destroyed thorough corruption deteyned vnder the skull or aposteme of the pannicle it is a very euyl signe But if this destructioÌ„ came by a medicine moche deficcatyue or he risipelas folowyng vpon the skulle it is not so euyll a signe And when the sayde fleshe receyueth good encrease groweth circlewyse about the bone is ioyned with the fleshe growynge vpon dura mater it is a trew signe of health The .v. obseruation is concernynge an aposteme whych sometyme chaunceth vpoÌ„ dura mater after the percing of the bone And then as AuiceÌ„ne sayeth the ryme dura mater swelleth ryseth vp aboue the skulle comunely euyl accidentes accompany thys aposteme as perturbation of reason rigours trembling palsie apoplexye For remotioÌ„ of this aposteme ye must make a new and larger perforation or borynge as sone as may be in the place of the fyrst percyng wyth our greater instrument called nespula And afterwarde ye muste procede as it is aforesayd layeng on a pece of the cerote firste ordeyned And afterwarde vsynge as muche of thys playster folowynge as may couer the hole place R. of camomille mellilote roses anÌ„ mÌ„ ii of fenugreke â„¥ iii. of the rotes of holihocke somwhat stamped Ê’ iiii of swete fenell â„¥ ss of corianders Ê’ iii. the heade of a wether somwhat brused lette them seeth with sufficient water tyl the heade be perfitly sodden then streine them and in the forsaid decoctioÌ„ seeth of husked beanes li. i. ss tyl they ben also perfitly sodden then staÌ„pe the beanes streine them put to the streynyng of barlye floure â„¥ viii of bran poudred of mellilote staÌ„ped fynely anÌ„ â„¥ ii let theÌ„ seeth agayne a litle make plaister with a lytle of the said decoction sufficient sapa addinge in the ende of oyle of roses odoriferous dyl white waxe anÌ„ â„¥ ii of saffraÌ„ Ê’ i. the yolkes of .iii. egges which must come in when ye take the rest froÌ„ the fyre Item it is ryght expedient to laye vpon dura mater a sponge dipped in this decoction with the forsaid cerote playster for it resolueth the swellyng The .vi. obseruaunce is touching the blacke coloure of dura mater wherin ye shal coÌ„sider whether the colour come by the application of medicines or by the alteration of the ayre or by some bruse or by bloode coÌ„geled reteyned betwene the said paÌ„nicle the skulle If it seme to come through the streining of medicines there is no better medicine then to apply honye of roses But if it procede through the alteration of the ayre or cold then ye shal remoue it with this medicine R. of clere terebeÌ„tine â„¥ iii. of honye of roses streyned â„¥ i. ss seeth theÌ„ a litle take theÌ„ froÌ„ the fyre immediatlye adde vnto theÌ„ the yolke of an egge of barlye floure â„¥ iii. of saffran ℈ i. of sarcocolle Ê’ ii Thys medicine muÌ„difyeth wyth some digestion To take away the blacke colour of dura mater caused by a bruse ye may vse ii or .iii. daies a digestiue of terebeÌ„tine made with yolkes of egges or with oyle of roses omphacine IteÌ„ the oyle of yolkes of egges is a singuler remedy in thys case If the sayd colour be caused thorow blood reteyned betwene the skulle the paÌ„nicle it is good to procede with this remedy .iii. or .iiii. times â„ž good aqua vite â„¥ ii ss of fine greyne brayed Ê’ ii of saffraÌ„ ℈ i. hony of roses streined Ê’ i. ss of sarcocol Ê’ iii. seeth theÌ„ al together tyl the third ê‘te be coÌ„sumed streyntheÌ„ stille the licour vpon the dura mater drop by drop for it drieth muÌ„difieth coÌ„serueth the hole ê‘tes froÌ„ putrefactioÌ„ Or make it thus R. of aqua vite â„¥ ii of rasin of the firre tre Ê’ ii ss hony of roses â„¥ i. ss of the iuce of smallage â„¥ ss of the the iuce of betony Ê’ vi sarcocolle Ê’ ii seeth theÌ„ al together tyl halfe be coÌ„sumed theÌ„ streyne theÌ„ vse it as aforsayd But if the rottenes blacknes cannot be remoued her with but that the patient waxeth worse and worse theÌ„ ye shal shew aforehande the dauÌ„ger procede with stronger medicines that is to say with remedyes written in the seconde obseruaunce The .vii. obseruaunce is touchyng the ê‘cing of the bone of the head which must be done wyth our instrumeÌ„t called nespula in the somer before the .iiii. day in the wynter before the .vii. And the sayd percynge must be in a longe figure in the lowest parte that the quitture may issue out more easelye And yf the stroke be vpoÌ„ some seame both the partes of the bone muste be perced in the ryghte and left sydes of the commissure so that the commissure be left vntouched The cause whye ye muste make .ii. holes one of the one syde and another of the other is bycause in the time of the stroke the blood is dispersed on both the sides yf ye shuld make but one hole on the one side the blood that is in the other syde coulde not come to the other hole bycause that the ryme dura mater is knytte to the coÌ„missure whych the mattier can not perce This operation we haue ofteÌ„ proued in the courte of Rome and chifly in our marcelles But when it chaunceth that the skulle is brokeÌ„ by a bruse then ye must diligently remoue the peces of the brokeÌ„ bone with trepanes healing the hurt of the rime dura mater yf there be any as we did in a maÌ„ of placeÌ„tia which was strickeÌ„ in the foreheade wyth the heele of a mule We being called to the cure opened the place thre cornered wyse remoued all the bones takynge some of the hole part away also we washed the hurted paÌ„nicle wyth aqua vite incoÌ„tinently I cured the brokeÌ„ bone wyth bolsters dipped yn warme wyne and somewhat streyned And lykewyse I closed the borders wyth other bolsters moysted in the whyte of an egge And moreouer I washed the pannicle dura mater wyth aqua vite layed on Auicennes capital pouder and successiuely I administred the cerote aboue ordeyned And so the maÌ„ was healed wythin the space of .xl. dayes Lykewyse a certen maÌ„ called bruscho was wounded vpon the heade so greuouslye that a lytle of the brayne came out at the wound in the quaÌ„titie of a pese whych man
cassialignia It healeth dryeth and byndeth c. Castoreum Casto is the stone of castor which is a beest that lyueth partly in the water and partly in the earth called of some a beuer Castoreū hath vertue agaynst serpentes it prouoketh neesynge the floures c. Cataplasma Many put no dyfference betwene cataplasma and emplastrū Howbeit proprelye Cataplasma is made of grene herbes stamped and sodden in water tyll they be softe and differeth from a playster for they put oyle to a plaister after the decoction of herbes Catarrhus Catarrhus commeth of catarrheo whiche signifyeth to flowe downe to runne downe For whē an humour descendeth from the brayne they call it a catarrhe or reume Cataracte They call it a cataract whē a slymy humour growen togyther lyke yse betwene the skynnes of the eyes cornea and coniūctiua commeth aboute the apple of the eye In latyne it is called suffusio in greke hypochyma Cauterie Cauterion is an hote yron and it commeth of caio causo which sygnifyeth to burne They call an actuall cauterie a burnte yron a potentiall that that is wythoute fyre and yron but hath partely lyke strength as vnguentum egiptiacum c. Celidonie Salendine is called chelidonia bycause that the swallowes restore syghte to theyr younge byrdes therwith For chelidō in greke signifyeth a swallowe Centorie the greater Leonardus fuchsius thynketh that to be cētaurie the greter which the Apothecaries call rhaponticum Centaurie the lesse is called fel terre that is the gall of the erth by reason of his greate bytternesse Cerote Ceratum hathe his name of cera that is waxe for it is compounde of oiles terebentyne and waxe Cerusse Cerussa is made wyth stronge vinaygre and leade It hath vertue to mūdifie and to scoure Charabe Karabe is vsed for succinū whyche is the gumme of a blacke poppler tre Chalcantum Chalcantum is a congeled lyquore founde in the mynes of brasse The Romaines bycause of the blacke coloure called it atramentū and bicause that skynners vsed it in theyr shoppes called sutrine they added sutoriū Chalcos in greke soundeth brasse Chamepiteos Chamepitys is cōmunelye falslye taken for an herbe that groweth in corne of no odoure hauynge greyishe or blewishe floures Harmā of Nuenar councelleth to vse saynte Iohns worte in stede therof The word soūdeth as you wolde saye a lowe pyne tre and it is an herbe hauynge the leaues and sent of a pyne tre whych Roberte Recorde a man for hys singuler lernynge and greate trauayle in serchynge of herbes ryght worthie to be remembred shewed vnto me and as he said he found it in an hylle in kent It is aboute halfe an handful hyghe as is aforsayd it hath the semblaūce of a pyne tre leafe and the sauour of the same So that by the description it appeareth to be true chamepitys Cheiri Some take cheiri for yelow uiolets Chilis Chile in greke signifieth nouryshment Chrysomela Chrysomela soūdeth worde for word golden apples The beste of thys frute are brought oute of strinenia They ben good for an hote stomake Otho sayeth that quinces are called chrysomela Centrum galli The auctour of the pandectes sayth that centrum galli is gallitricū which is claire a kynde of mayden heere but is falselye thought to be And he sayth also that it is hierabotanum that is veruenne Simon genuensis sayeth that it is a greate herbe hauynge purple floures bendinge to whytnes and that it is called in ferraria S. Iohns herbe In an olde boke I founde it englyshed schawort Some thynke it to be oculus christi Cicatrice A cicatrice is the scarre of a woūde Cicers A cicer is a kynde of pulse lyke pesen Cimolia Chimolia is a kynde of erth brought out of Sardinia Creta and also Spayne It is good agaynst the burnynge of fyre it hath vertue to bind and to drye Clymanū Clymenō is an herbe whyche hath a square stalke lyke a beane stalke and leaues lyke plantayn A iuyce is strayned out of the roote of it whych is good for them that spitte bloode Clyster Clyster cometh of clyzeia whyche signifieth to washe It is called also enema of eniemi to cast in Collyrie Collyria are medicines to be applied to the eyes And there bene two kyndes therof One is liquide cleare and that nowe is comunely called collyrion The other is drye and that they cal barbarously a Sief In greke the fyrst is hydrocollourion the second perocollourion Colofonia Colofonia is called pix greca that is greke pytch bicause that ther is great abundaunce therof in greke lande It is hote in the seconde and drye in the fyrste degre Coloquintida Colocynthis is a wylde and bytter gourde It hath vertue to purge The apothecaries call it colliquintida for colocynthida in the accusatyue case Conioyncte Conioyncte is ioyned together Coniunctiua The seuenthe skynne of the eye called in latine coniunctiua is called in greke epipephycoes bycause it groweth to the other tunicles that make vp the eye in the outwarde parte Cōmissure Commissura is when two thinges are sette ioyned or souldred together a seame Comune seedes The hote comune seedes are these anise seede perseley seede fenell seede smallage seede the seede of asparage and bruscus The comune colde sedes called the greater are these cocomber gourde melon and citron seedes The comune colde sedes called the lesse are the sedes of endiue purselane lactuce scariole or whyte endyue Conglutinatiue Conglutinatiue is that that hath strength to glue together Consolidation Consolidation is ioynynge or souldrynge together Contraction Contractiō is whē a thyng is drawen together Constrictiue Constrictiue is that that hath vertue to strayne or bynde together Consolida the greater Cōsolida the greater is cōferie after the opinion of all chirurgiens Cōsolida the lesse as Dioscorides sayeth groweth in stones and hath braunches lyke organye and toppes lyke thyme It is a plante all woddye of swete tast prouokynge spettell Consolida media is comunelye taken for dayses Howebeit the chirurgiens in Flaunders take it for dogge fenell whyche is a weede growynge amonge corne lyke camomylle Consolida regalis is called in dutche Ritter sporen that is knyghtes spurre bycause it hathe a pleasaūt blewe floure fashioned lyke a spurre All these ben called consolidae bicause they haue vertue to consounde and to glue woundes together Coraliine Corolina is thoughte to be bryon whyche is mosse growynge to stones in the sea and kylleth the wormes of chyldren Cordiall They call that cordial that conforteth the harte Corrosiue Corrosiue is that whyche hath power to gnawe and eate awaye Crisis Crisis signifieth iudgement Loke in terminatio ad crisim Crassula They make thre kyndes of crassula the greater the lesse and that meane The greater hathe thycke leaues lyke houseleke The lesse is vermicularis the meane carduus benedictus after the comune opinion Some call crassula maior orpin and crassula minor stone croppe Cubebes Cubebe are the sedes of a tree
the body ben shutte in the nyght But when the pores ben open in the daye tyme the matter passeth and breatheth out wherfore Rasis sayeth that this dysease payneth the patient more in the nyght then in the daye And therfore a bayne of thynges aperitiue or openynge aydeth thē whyche bene troubled wyth thys dysease Note that when the matter is sanguine and occupyeth a greate parte of the body yf thē ye procure not a veyne to be cutte it is no merueyle yf a fyeuer tertiane ensue Wherfore at the begynnynge yf the strength and the age of the patient wyll suffre it auayleth muche to cutte the lyuer veyne or the cōmune veyne ¶ The .xv. Chapitre of the cure of Essara THe cure of thys dysease is accōplyshed by two intentions The fyrste The cure of Essara is to order dyete The seconde to purge the matter antecedent that causeth the Essara The fyrste is accomplyshed by those thynges that ben sayde in formica touchyng dyete The seconde is accomplyshed by euacuatiō of the naughtye humour And yf the matter be sanguine Digestiue let it be dygested with thys syru ℞ of syru of fumiter of the iuice of ēdine of a siru called acetosus sīplex ana ℥ ss of water of endiue of hoppes of fumiterre ana ℥ i. After that he hath takē of thys syrupe iiij dayes Purgation purge him with this purgatiō ℞ of Cassia ʒ x. of an electuarie of roses after Mesue ʒ ij ss vnto ʒ iij. accordynge to the strength of the patient wyth the cōmune decoctiō make a potion addynge of syrupe of violettes ℥ .i. and. ss Also it is very good to take of thys wyne vnder wrytten euery daye ℥ iiij ss whych is of Auicennes dyscription in thys forme Take two poūdes of aygre pomegranades swete with the skynnes that diuide one part from another and of fyne suggre ℥ vi stampe them together and presse thē myghtelye and vse thys wyne as we haue declared It is a ryght good medicine in thys case And yf it be sette abrode in fayre dayes wyth suggre it wyll haue a more laxatiue vertue A bayne The bayne conuenient in thys case cōpouned of thynges aperitiue is this ℞ of the leaues of mallowes and violettes of brāne ana m̄ .iij. of cleane barley m̄ .ij. ss of sower apples in nōbre xx of beanes m̄ .i. of suggre ℥ iiij Let them boyle all in sufficiēt water vnto the consumption of the thyrde parte washe all the bodye therewyth in a warme bath Thys bayne is synguler for the sayd pustles and for many other kyndes of pustles Purgation Here foloweth a purgation verye good in thys case ℞ of the floures of violets of the floures buglosse borage ana m̄ ss of hoppes of endiuie of the croppes of vynes of maydē heere ana m̄ ss of sebesten of iuiubes of clene barley ana ℥ i. let them seeth al in the decoctiō dissolue of cassia ℥ ss of diacatholicō ℥ i. of tamarindes ʒ ij of an electuarie of psilliū ʒ i. ss dissolue them al adde thervnto of syrupe of violets by infution ℥ i. Thys medicine is of good operation in essare whē the matter is sanguine And yf the mater be mēgled with grosse fleame salte the patient muste be purged with thys laxatiue medicine that foloweth Digestiue But fyrst the mater must be digested with this syrupe ℞ of the greater sirupe of fumiterre of hoppes of vinegre called acetosus an ℥ ss of waters of fumiterre of mayden heere of endiuie ana ℥ i. mengle them And whē he hath vsed thys syrupe the space of syxe dayes Purgation let hym be purged with thys purgatiō ℞ of cassia of diacatholicō ana ʒ vi of the cōfectiō hamech ʒ ij ss vnto iij. make a small potion with the decoctiō of maydē heere of gallitricū politrichū of polipodie of cordiall floures frutes addyng of syrupe of violets ℥ i. ss This later purgatiō purgeth the subtyle humour the grosse the salte the adust or burnt Pylles Another purgatiō cōmēdable in thys case ℞ of pilles aggregatiue of agarike in trociskes ana ʒ i. ss of turbit preparat ℈ i. make pilles with the wine of pomegranades lyke pease The dose of geuynge of these pillules is frō ʒ i. vnto ʒ i. ss according to the strēgth of the patient they must by gyuē in the morning Here ye shal vnderstāde that the doctours make no mētiō of locale medicines in these diseases The cause is that whē the matter antecedēt is euacuated the mater cōioyncte is easy to be resolued we wyl folowe the aūcientes touchyng the curatiō of the sayd dyseases Neuertheles we wyl shewe one remedye which auaileth to take away the itching of the pustles ℞ of vnguentū Galem freshe buttyre .x. tymes washed with water of barley ana ℥ ij of the iuyce of limmons or citrons ʒ ij of water of roses ℥ ss of litarge of golde ʒ vi of oyle of roses ʒ iij. mēgle thē make an oyntmēt accordinge to arte in a morter of leade styrryng it aboute halfe an houre with a pestel Thē adde of the substāce of rosted strained apples ℥ ij of freshe hennes grece melted of gose grece ana ʒ vi agayne stirre thē aboute altogether in the forsaid morter the third part of an houre ¶ The .xvi. Chapitre of Cancrena and of the dyfference betwene Cācrena Ascachillos Esthiomenos Cancrena CAncrena is not takē for fleshe deade altogether but for that whyche begynneth to putrifye by lytle and lytle hauyng yet some felynge wyth blacke coloure and intolerable payne and burnynge The skynne rounde aboute is bluishe And it is called Cancrena bycause it is like a canker For as a redde canker gnaweth byteth corrupteth the places aboute Ascachissios euē so doth Cancrena Ascachillos is an entiere priuation of felyng whych was in Cācrena and it is called Ascachillos of Asca whyche sygnifyeth in the Arabike tonge corruption and chilos a Greke worde sygnifyeng iuyce Thys Ascha is a corruption of the fleshe and synnowes vnto the bones Estiomenos Estiomenos is a confyrmed adustion or burnyng of the nouryshynge humours and of the spirites and of the symple and cōpounde membres in whyc it is And it is called Esthiomenos of Heste in Arabie an enemye It commeth of a greke worde Esthiomai to eate and menos a man so Esthiomenos then is the enemye of man And the corruption of Esthiomenos spreadeth it self vpon the membre gnawynge it and corruptynge it as fyer consumeth drye woode And thys corruptiō is engēdred of one of these thre causes The fyrst is bycause the vytall spirites bene prohibited to come to the hurted place The seconde is by reason of the corruption of the payned mēbre The thyrde by reason of these two causes both together alledged before Thys corruption and prohibitiō of vytale spirites