world_n once_o perish_v by_o a_o deluge_n of_o water_n and_o that_o it_o be_v to_o perish_v again_o by_o fire_n both_o which_o be_v argument_n enough_o for_o a_o providence_n and_o of_o god_n particular_a care_n of_o the_o world_n this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v his_o plain_a meaning_n except_o st._n peter_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v in_o a_o allegorical_a sense_n as_o well_o as_o moses_n after_o this_o general_a discourse_n he_o come_v to_o a_o more_o particular_a consideration_n of_o the_o inconvenience_n allege_v against_o the_o parallelism_n of_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o earth_n with_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a one_o argument_n i_o bring_v be_v that_o by_o the_o present_a position_n of_o the_o earth_n axis_n we_o receive_v more_o of_o the_o sun_n heat_n than_o if_o it_o have_v move_v always_o in_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o if_o our_o heat_n at_o present_a be_v not_o too_o great_a for_o we_o as_o without_o doubt_v it_o be_v not_o it_o be_v a_o very_a good_a reason_n why_o 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unmerciful_a as_o it_o be_v there_o be_v a_o very_a considerable_a number_n of_o people_n in_o these_o cold_a country_n the_o great_a part_n of_o who_o food_n be_v bread_n herb_n root_n milk_n cheese_n and_o the_o like_a and_o who_o seldom_o taste_v any_o flesh-meat_n and_o why_o may_v not_o the_o antediluvian_o lead_v the_o same_o kind_n of_o life_n i_o can_v see_v that_o the_o imposition_n be_v hard_a upon_o one_o than_o the_o other_o the_o defender_n say_v that_o the_o change_n of_o the_o position_n of_o the_o earth_n axis_n be_v matter_n of_o fact_n and_o must_v be_v prove_v from_o history_n and_o he_o wish_v the_o examiner_n will_v consult_v antiquity_n which_o will_v give_v he_o a_o more_o favourable_a opinion_n of_o the_o theory_n as_o to_o this_o point_n one_o will_v imagine_v by_o this_o that_o this_o gentleman_n have_v the_o observation_n of_o some_o antediluvian_n astronomer_n to_o produce_v who_o have_v find_v that_o the_o inclination_n of_o the_o earth_n axis_n be_v change_v from_o a_o perpendicular_a into_o the_o present_a oblique_a posture_n but_o instead_o of_o those_o he_o only_o quote_v some_o philosopher_n that_o do_v not_o live_v within_o some_o thousand_o of_o year_n of_o the_o time_n when_o this_o change_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v make_v what_o credit_n be_v there_o to_o be_v give_v to_o such_o a_o tradition_n can_v we_o imagine_v that_o there_o can_v be_v any_o thing_n certain_o know_v from_o author_n that_o live_v so_o long_o after_o the_o time_n of_o this_o change_n especial_o when_o these_o man_n have_v say_v a_o thousand_o other_o thing_n that_o neither_o the_o theorist_n nor_o any_o body_n else_o can_v believe_v and_o yet_o if_o we_o consider_v what_o they_o have_v say_v we_o shall_v find_v it_o but_o very_o little_a to_o his_o purpose_n diogenes_n
reflux_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o descent_n of_o the_o fluid_a to_o the_o equator_fw-la or_o do_v he_o think_v that_o the_o flux_n of_o the_o sea_n arise_v only_o from_o the_o rotation_n of_o the_o earth_n if_o he_o have_v study_v true_a philosophy_n but_o half_a so_o much_o as_o he_o have_v do_v the_o theory_n he_o may_v have_v know_v that_o the_o tide_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v cause_v by_o the_o action_n or_o attraction_n of_o the_o moon_n upon_o it_o and_o because_o one_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v direct_o under_o the_o moon_n be_v more_o attract_a by_o it_o than_o the_o rest_n the_o ocean_n there_o must_v swell_v and_o the_o water_n will_v run_v from_o the_o other_o part_n of_o it_o unto_o the_o place_n which_o be_v most_o attract_a now_o in_o river_n lake_n and_o narrow_a sea_n there_o be_v no_o difference_n of_o attraction_n in_o any_o of_o its_o part_n they_o be_v all_o so_o narrow_a that_o the_o moon_n can_v act_v strong_a upon_o one_o side_n of_o they_o than_o the_o 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draw_v towards_o the_o centre_n and_o in_o the_o next_o page_n it_o be_v say_v that_o by_o this_o centrifugal_a force_n body_n endeavour_v to_o recede_v from_o the_o centre_n of_o their_o motion_n which_o be_v true_a but_o contrary_a to_o what_o i_o say_v before_o he_o need_v not_o have_v go_v so_o far_o as_o the_o 22._o line_n of_o the_o next_o page_n to_o have_v find_v out_o the_o true_a notion_n of_o a_o centrifugal_a force_n for_o if_o he_o have_v repeat_v the_o word_n immediate_o follow_v his_o first_o quotation_n he_o may_v there_o have_v find_v it_o but_o if_o he_o have_v do_v so_o he_o have_v lose_v his_o aim_n and_o the_o reader_n will_v have_v perceive_v that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o confusion_n in_o my_o notion_n but_o only_o a_o fault_n of_o the_o press_n i_o will_v here_o repeat_v the_o sentence_n that_o the_o thing_n may_v be_v set_v in_o its_o true_a light_n if_o a_o body_n say_v i_o revolve_v free_o in_o a_o circle_n about_o a_o centre_n as_o the_o planet_n do_v about_o the_o sun_n its_o centrifugal_a force_n or_o that_o force_n by_o which_o it_o be_v draw_v towards_o the_o centre_n will_v be_v always_o equal_a to_o its_o centrifugal_a force_n by_o which_o it_o do_v endeavour_v to_o recede_v from_o the_o centre_n a_o candid_a reader_n will_v have_v immediate_o impute_v this_o to_o nothing_o else_o but_o a_o fault_n in_o the_o print_n and_o instead_o of_o the_o first_o word_n centrifugal_n force_n he_o will_v have_v see_v that_o the_o word_n centripetal_n force_n ought_v to_o have_v be_v put_v as_o the_o very_a sense_n will_v easy_o have_v direct_v any_o one_o that_o have_v the_o least_o acquaintance_n with_o this_o subject_n after_o this_o the_o defender_n tell_v we_o that_o i_o may_v have_v spare_v what_o i_o have_v transcribe_v from_o other_o author_n about_o calculate_v the_o diminution_n of_o gravity_n make_v by_o the_o centrifugal_a force_n in_o different_a latitude_n these_o be_v needless_a to_o the_o confutation_n of_o the_o theory_n why_o so_o i_o pray_v be_v they_o not_o to_o the_o purpose_n or_o do_v they_o not_o answer_v the_o intend_a design_n which_o be_v to_o find_v out_o by_o a_o calculus_fw-la the_o difference_n of_o gravity_n in_o different_a latitude_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o confirm_v our_o hypothesis_n by_o compare_v calculation_n with_o observation_n and_o see_v how_o the_o one_o agree_v with_o the_o other_o well_o but_o i_o be_o blame_v for_o transcribe_v they_o from_o other_o author_n i_o hope_v he_o do_v not_o think_v they_o the_o worse_a for_o that_o or_o that_o i_o ought_v not_o to_o make_v use_n of_o they_o as_o argument_n against_o his_o theory_n because_o they_o be_v say_v by_o other_o he_o may_v indeed_o have_v just_o blame_v i_o if_o i_o have_v publish_v they_o as_o new_a notion_n or_o invention_n of_o my_o own_o and_o tell_v the_o world_n i_o expect_v thanks_o for_o the_o discovery_n as_o a_o late_a author_n have_v do_v but_o i_o pretend_v to_o no_o such_o thing_n it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o 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to_o explain_v their_o theorem_n about_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o forth_o and_o the_o effect_n of_o gravity_n join_v with_o a_o centrifugal_a force_n so_o that_o they_o may_v become_v intelligible_a to_o those_o who_o understand_v the_o element_n of_o geometry_n and_o the_o common_a principle_n of_o staticks_n and_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o it_o will_v be_v more_o acceptable_a because_o there_o have_v not_o at_o least_o to_o my_o knowledge_n be_v any_o discourse_n publish_v of_o this_o nature_n in_o english_a without_o doubt_v the_o reader_n do_v now_o perceive_v how_o vain_a empty_a and_o incoherent_a a_o piece_n of_o philosophy_n this_o theory_n be_v its_o principle_n be_v false_a supposition_n precarious_a and_o the_o reason_n upon_o they_o be_v all_o along_o so_o weak_a and_o ill_o ground_v that_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o think_v that_o the_o theorist_n himself_o can_v give_v any_o credit_n to_o it_o and_o yet_o which_o be_v strange_a he_o profess_v that_o he_o believe_v it_o more_o than_o he_o do_v the_o mosaic_a history_n of_o the_o creation_n though_o there_o be_v this_o great_a difference_n between_o they_o even_o suppose_v no_o inspiration_n in_o the_o case_n that_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o account_n that_o moses_n give_v but_o what_o be_v real_o possible_a for_o according_a to_o he_o the_o whole_a be_v perform_v by_o the_o immediate_a hand_n of_o god_n almighty_n who_o need_v not_o the_o help_n of_o second_o cause_n for_o such_o a_o work_n whereas_o the_o theorist_n who_o will_v have_v it_o arise_v from_o natural_a and_o mechanical_a principle_n always_o assign_v such_o cause_n as_o be_v utter_o insufficient_a for_o the_o propose_a effect_n and_o general_o such_o as_o will_v real_o produce_v the_o contrary_n but_o if_o after_o all_o the_o theorist_n will_v still_o insist_v upon_o the_o truth_n of_o his_o theory_n and_o have_v no_o mind_n to_o prove_v it_o himself_o i_o will_v advise_v he_o to_o find_v out_o some_o new_a defender_n who_o can_v understand_v and_o consider_v the_o force_n of_o a_o argument_n somewhat_o better_a than_o his_o last_o seem_v to_o have_v do_v who_o as_o it_o appear_v have_v not_o so_o much_o defend_v the_o theory_n as_o expose_v its_o nakedness_n and_o his_o own_o unskilfulness_n however_o since_o the_o theorist_n have_v such_o a_o high_a opinion_n of_o his_o own_o performance_n and_o so_o mean_v a_o one_o of_o the_o account_n give_v we_o by_o moses_n before_o i_o end_v this_o discourse_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o examine_v a_o little_a the_o notion_n he_o have_v give_v in_o his_o archeologiae_n book_n ii_o chap._n 8_o 9_o of_o the_o mosaic_a history_n of_o the_o creation_n which_o in_o short_a be_v this_o that_o we_o be_v not_o to_o believe_v the_o first_o chapter_n of_o genesis_n in_o a_o
leisurely_o and_o to_o proceed_v by_o the_o same_o step_n that_o the_o violence_n of_o its_o heat_n decrease_v which_o will_v not_o then_o as_o he_o will_v have_v it_o be_v complete_v in_o six_o year_n nor_o indeed_o in_o as_o many_o century_n and_o the_o opake_v part_n will_v take_v so_o much_o time_n in_o descend_v and_o compose_v the_o crust_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o the_o sun_n will_v always_o illuminate_v at_o least_o the_o upper_a region_n of_o its_o atmosphere_n as_o free_o as_o it_o do_v the_o whole_a atmosphere_n of_o comet_n while_o they_o be_v within_o our_o observation_n he_o allow_v this_o to_o be_v a_o argument_n of_o good_a force_n and_o to_o deserve_v consideration_n and_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o if_o comet_n be_v observe_v to_o have_v no_o atmosphere_n after_o their_o return_n from_o the_o region_n beyond_o saturn_n before_o they_o arrive_v at_o their_o perihelia_n again_o then_o indeed_o this_o reason_n be_v unavoidable_a but_o see_v the_o contrary_n be_v evident_a 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different_a in_o their_o modification_n motion_n and_o figure_n i_o can_v see_v no_o reason_n why_o any_o body_n may_v not_o be_v change_v and_o put_v on_o the_o form_n of_o another_o and_o therefore_o if_o according_a to_o the_o theorist_n principle_n there_o be_v no_o vacuity_n in_o nature_n not_o only_o the_o air_n may_v be_v change_v into_o water_n but_o also_o all_o the_o subtle_a matter_n which_o fill_v its_o pore_n and_o according_a to_o this_o principle_n of_o a_o plenum_fw-la that_o subtle_a matter_n will_v make_v as_o much_o water_n as_o if_o the_o same_o bulk_n of_o absolute_o solid_a matter_n be_v transform_v the_o defender_n allege_v that_o if_o i_o proceed_v upon_o such_o water_n as_o be_v already_o in_o be_v and_o make_v they_o either_o supercelestial_a or_o subterranneous_a i_o must_v tell_v he_o what_o these_o water_n be_v and_o must_v answer_v such_o objection_n as_o be_v bring_v against_o either_o sort_n in_o the_o second_o and_o three_o chapter_n of_o the_o theory_n 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and_o narrow_a spirit_n to_o believe_v easy_o any_o hypothesis_n without_o sufficient_a evidence_n of_o its_o be_v true_a which_o can_v be_v produce_v by_o the_o theorist_n in_o this_o point_n for_o my_o part_n i_o think_v virgil_n shepherd_n who_o the_o defender_n laugh_v at_o for_o not_o let_v his_o imagination_n rove_v to_o fancy_v thing_n he_o have_v never_o either_o hear_v or_o see_v much_o wise_a than_o some_o theorist_n philosopher_n and_o free-thinker_n who_o take_v the_o liberty_n to_o imagine_v and_o believe_v any_o thing_n but_o that_o to_o which_o in_o all_o reason_n they_o ought_v to_o give_v a_o firm_a assent_n after_o a_o long_a declamation_n against_o consign_v the_o variety_n of_o providence_n to_o a_o narrow_a compass_n which_o i_o know_v none_o that_o do_v the_o defender_n assert_n that_o my_o argument_n run_v upon_o impossibility_n which_o he_o say_v be_v a_o nice_a topick_n that_o lie_v much_o out_o of_o our_o reach_n and_o he_o think_v that_o there_o may_v be_v river_n without_o mountain_n notwithstanding_o my_o reason_n all_o that_o i_o can_v say_v to_o this_o be_v that_o if_o he_o will_v not_o be_v convince_v by_o reason_n which_o he_o can_v or_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o answer_v he_o may_v think_v as_o he_o please_v but_o i_o hope_v he_o will_v allow_v i_o the_o freedom_n to_o dissent_v from_o he_o till_o those_o argument_n be_v answer_v the_o design_n of_o the_o four_o chapter_n be_v to_o show_v the_o inconvenience_n that_o will_v fall_v upon_o the_o earth_n in_o case_n it_o have_v such_o a_o posture_n as_o the_o theorist_n assign_v the_o antediluvian_n world_n namely_o a_o axis_n perpendicular_a to_o the_o plane_n of_o its_o orbit_n to_o this_o chapter_n the_o defender_n make_v some_o general_a answer_n but_o first_o according_a to_o his_o usual_a custom_n put_v a_o question_n viz._n if_o i_o will_v vouch_v that_o there_o be_v no_o habitable_a planet_n in_o the_o universe_n that_o have_v such_o a_o posture_n jupiter_n he_o say_v be_v know_v to_o have_v a_o perpetual_a equinox_n and_o his_o axis_n parallel_v to_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a here_o he_o be_v mistake_v for_o it_o be_v not_o parallel_v to_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a but_o that_o of_o its_o own_o orbit_n mars_n say_v he_o have_v little_a or_o no_o obliquity_n and_o must_v we_o suppose_v that_o these_o planet_n have_v no_o inhabitant_n or_o that_o their_o habitation_n be_v very_o bad_a and_o incommodious_a jupiter_n be_v the_o noble_a planet_n in_o the_o heaven_n whether_o we_o consider_v its_o magnitude_n or_o the_o number_n of_o its_o attendant_n and_o if_o a_o flanet_n of_o that_o order_n and_o dignity_n have_v such_o a_o position_n to_o the_o sun_n why_o may_v not_o our_o earth_n have_v have_v the_o same_o what_o be_v all_o this_o to_o the_o purpose_n be_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o jupiter_n the_o same_o with_o the_o
inhabitant_n of_o our_o earth_n or_o how_o do_v he_o know_v that_o there_o be_v any_o at_o all_o there_o it_o seem_v this_o gentleman_n be_v mighty_a in_o love_n with_o jupiter_n and_o its_o inhabitant_n what_o degree_n of_o nobility_n and_o dignity_n it_o have_v obtain_v i_o know_v not_o yet_o if_o he_o be_v in_o the_o most_o pleasant_a country_n house_n in_o all_o jupiter_n so_o far_o i_o dare_v vouch_v that_o he_o will_v not_o be_v please_v with_o his_o habitation_n but_o will_v desire_v to_o change_v and_o come_v down_o again_o to_o his_o old_a rocky_a mountainous_a planet_n the_o earth_n and_o rather_o than_o stay_v there_o he_o will_v be_v content_v to_o live_v in_o lapland_n i_o make_v no_o question_n but_o that_o the_o present_a position_n of_o jupiter_n be_v very_o fit_a and_o well_o suit_v to_o the_o nature_n and_o temper_n of_o its_o inhabitant_n plant_n and_o vegetable_n if_o there_o be_v any_o there_o but_o what_o be_v sit_v and_o commodious_a for_o they_o may_v be_v 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position_n in_o which_o god_n have_v put_v the_o earth_n be_v more_o suitable_a and_o agreeable_a to_o the_o nature_n and_o frame_n of_o our_o animal_n and_o plant_n than_o any_o other_o and_o especial_o than_o that_o which_o the_o theorist_n assign_v to_o the_o primitive_a earth_n i_o be_o sure_a that_o several_a divine_n have_v assert_v this_o and_o be_v never_o think_v by_o such_o a_o assertion_n to_o prescribe_v to_o god_n almighty_n what_o be_v best_a to_o be_v do_v i_o censure_v the_o theorist_n indeed_o for_o inquire_v into_o physical_a cause_n when_o there_o be_v none_o that_o can_v be_v know_v and_o neglect_v the_o final_a one_o which_o be_v the_o only_a real_a principle_n by_o which_o the_o question_n be_v to_o be_v determine_v for_o as_o i_o show_v in_o the_o examination_n there_o be_v no_o reason_n that_o can_v be_v assign_v why_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o earth_n shall_v have_v one_o position_n more_o than_o another_o the_o two_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n round_o the_o 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that_o world_n when_o from_o the_o wisdom_n and_o contrivance_n of_o what_o be_v already_o do_v we_o argue_v that_o it_o can_v not_o have_v be_v do_v in_o a_o better_a manner_n he_o go_v on_o and_o say_v that_o some_o man_n cry_v out_o mighty_o against_o reason_n and_o yet_o none_o be_v more_o fond_a of_o it_o than_o they_o when_o they_o can_v get_v it_o on_o their_o side_n some_o man_n inveigh_v against_o physical_a cause_n when_o other_o use_v they_o and_o yet_o as_o glad_o as_o any_o make_v use_v of_o they_o when_o they_o can_v make_v they_o serve_v their_o purpose_n and_o when_o they_o can_v reach_v they_o they_o despise_v they_o and_o be_v all_o for_o final_a cause_n i_o never_o know_v any_o that_o cry_v down_o either_o reason_n or_o physical_a cause_n when_o they_o be_v plain_a and_o obvious_a but_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o there_o be_v some_o that_o be_v displease_v with_o the_o reason_n and_o cause_n that_o be_v assign_v by_o a_o set_v of_o philosopher_n who_o think_v 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have_v speak_v nonsense_n he_o tell_v i_o that_o situs_fw-la rectus_fw-la be_v another_o expression_n i_o quarrel_v with_o real_o though_o perhaps_o it_o be_v not_o very_o proper_a i_o do_v not_o remember_v that_o i_o any_o where_o find_v fault_n with_o it_o and_o he_o may_v have_v spare_v himself_o the_o trouble_n of_o cite_v a_o passage_n out_o of_o hugens_n nothing_o to_o his_o purpose_n for_o mons_fw-la hugens_n who_o always_o speak_v sense_n do_v not_o say_v that_o jupiter_n himself_o but_o that_o his_o axis_n be_v right_a to_o the_o plane_n of_o his_o orbit_n but_o though_o the_o defender_n endeavour_v to_o excuse_v the_o theorist_n for_o his_o impropriety_n of_o expression_n yet_o he_o pass_v over_o without_o any_o excuse_n the_o great_a error_n which_o he_o make_v in_o assign_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o suppose_a change_n of_o position_n which_o the_o earth_n axis_n suffer_v at_o the_o deluge_n the_o theorist_n say_v that_o at_o first_o the_o earth_n be_v equal_o poise_v and_o 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not_o then_o by_o i_o the_o defender_n have_v mistake_v my_o meaning_n when_o he_o imagine_v i_o say_v that_o according_a to_o the_o theorist_n both_o jupiter_n and_o saturn_n be_v antediluvian_n planet_n for_o the_o particle_n who_o in_o the_o parenthesis_n refer_v only_o to_o jupiter_n though_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n i_o own_o the_o expression_n be_v ambiguous_a and_o may_v refer_v to_o both_o at_o last_o the_o defender_n come_v to_o give_v we_o a_o short_a account_n of_o the_o theorist_n creed_n as_o to_o this_o point_n which_o he_o conceive_v to_o be_v thus_o the_o earth_n be_v at_o first_o in_o a_o even_a and_o parallel_a posture_n with_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o as_o he_o explain_v himself_o in_o the_o 2d._o page_n of_o his_o reflection_n its_o axis_n be_v not_o oblique_a to_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o the_o ecliptic_a but_o lay_v parallel_n with_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o perpendicular_a to_o the_o plane_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a then_o the_o 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industrious_o to_o dissent_v when_o he_o be_v in_o the_o right_n as_o he_o be_v always_o sure_a to_o transcribe_v he_o when_o he_o be_v in_o the_o wrong_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o sun_n make_v a_o angle_n of_o seven_o degree_n with_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a if_o i_o say_v what_o these_o learned_a man_n have_v observe_v be_v true_a then_o either_o the_o proposition_n advance_v by_o the_o defender_n or_o the_o 8_o of_o the_o 11_o of_o euclid_n must_v be_v false_a this_o author_n also_o tell_v we_o that_o before_o the_o deluge_n the_o earth_n have_v a_o right_a position_n the_o heaven_n with_o the_o fix_a star_n move_v or_o seem_v to_o move_v concentrical_o with_o the_o earth_n i_o can_v suppose_v that_o he_o mean_v by_o this_o that_o all_o the_o fix_a star_n seem_v to_o turn_v round_o the_o earth_n in_o
pass_v through_o every_o 20._o or_o 30._o foot_n of_o a_o solid_a crust_n must_v be_v at_o least_o the_o half_a of_o what_o fall_v upon_o it_o upon_o this_o supposition_n i_o show_v that_o if_o there_o be_v but_o one_o hundred_o of_o these_o surface_n the_o number_n of_o ray_n which_o fall_v upon_o the_o first_o will_v be_v to_o the_o number_n of_o ray_n which_o fall_v upon_o the_o last_o as_o 2_o 99_o to_o i_o or_o as_o the_o 99th_o power_n of_o 2._o to_o unity_n from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o if_o we_o take_v the_o distance_n as_o the_o logarithm_n the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n at_o each_o of_o these_o distance_n will_v be_v as_o the_o absolute_a number_n belong_v to_o these_o logarithm_n thus_o if_o a_o b_o represent_v the_o thickness_n of_o the_o crust_n a_o c_o the_o number_n of_o ray_n which_o fall_v upon_o the_o surface_n at_o a_o d_o e_o the_o number_n of_o ray_n which_o fall_v upon_o the_o surface_n at_o d_o and_o if_o we_o draw_v through_o the_o point_n c_o and_o e_o 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prove_v effectual_o that_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n peirce_v deep_a into_o the_o crust_n and_o that_o be_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o earthquake_n he_o consider_v the_o cause_n of_o they_o and_o their_o depth_n and_o he_o say_v that_o all_o agree_v that_o they_o arise_v from_o the_o rarefaction_n of_o vapour_n and_o exhalation_n this_o rarefaction_n say_v he_o must_v be_v make_v by_o some_o heat_n and_o no_o other_o be_v prove_v to_o we_o yet_o by_o this_o author_n than_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n why_o shall_v i_o be_v oblige_v to_o satisfy_v he_o in_o all_o his_o difficulty_n in_o philosophy_n do_v ever_o i_o set_v up_o to_o be_v a_o theorist_n and_o give_v a_o account_n of_o all_o the_o phoenomena_fw-la of_o nature_n well_o but_o it_o seem_v he_o expect_v it_o from_o i_o and_o though_o i_o be_o no_o way_n oblige_v to_o it_o yet_o out_o of_o abundance_n of_o good_a nature_n i_o will_v give_v my_o opinion_n in_o this_o matter_n i_o think_v then_o that_o the_o rarefaction_n 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the_o antediluvian_n geography_n and_o the_o rise_v of_o its_o river_n yet_o it_o seem_v that_o his_o skill_n be_v not_o very_o great_a in_o the_o modern_a for_o he_o make_v nile_n in_o africa_n to_o cross_v the_o line_n whereas_o if_o he_o have_v consult_v the_o modern_a geographer_n and_o their_o observation_n he_o have_v see_v that_o the_o nile_n rise_v some_o degree_n on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o line_n as_o it_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o ludolphus_n map_n of_o aethiopia_n after_o this_o fine_a discourse_n of_o our_o author_n about_o the_o ascend_n of_o river_n towards_o the_o equator_fw-la to_o conclude_v the_o argument_n he_o say_v that_o if_o this_o difference_n of_o pendulum_n be_v find_v it_o will_v still_o bear_v a_o dispute_n from_o what_o physical_a cause_n it_o proceed_v he_o indeed_o may_v dispute_v it_o and_o perhaps_o will_v never_o come_v to_o know_v it_o as_o long_o as_o he_o live_v but_o i_o believe_v very_o few_o else_o will_v ever_o doubt_v but_o that_o it_o 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the_o earth_n turn_v round_o its_o own_o axis_n for_o all_o body_n that_o turn_v round_o a_o axis_n endeavour_v to_o recede_v from_o that_o axis_n and_o because_o at_o the_o equator_fw-la body_n move_v swift_a the_o circle_n there_o be_v great_a this_o conatus_fw-la or_o centrifugal_n force_n will_v be_v also_o great_a now_o this_o force_n at_o the_o equinoctial_a act_n direct_o against_o the_o force_n of_o gravity_n which_o it_o do_v no_o where_n beside_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o upon_o this_o account_n gravity_n must_v be_v less_o there_o than_o any_o where_o else_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o this_o diminution_n of_o gravity_n it_o must_v follow_v also_o that_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o equator_fw-la will_v be_v great_a than_o its_o axis_n or_o that_o the_o matter_n at_o the_o equator_fw-la rise_v high_a than_o at_o the_o pole_n the_o defender_n say_v that_o this_o be_v agree_v and_o own_a on_o all_o hand_n in_o case_n there_o be_v no_o impediment_n to_o hinder_v the_o rise_n or_o retrocession_n of_o the_o middle_a part_n but_o say_v he_o the_o theorist_n do_v believe_v that_o the_o vortex_n be_v of_o a_o short_a diameter_n there_o than_o through_o the_o pole_n which_o hinder_v the_o rise_n of_o the_o fluid_a what_o this_o impediment_n be_v or_o what_o shall_v occasion_v this_o straitness_n of_o the_o orb_n at_o the_o equator_fw-la i_o know_v not_o i_o hope_v the_o theorist_n do_v not_o suppose_v that_o there_o be_v a_o great_a iron_n hoop_n at_o those_o part_n a_o solid_a ring_n like_o that_o of_o satur_n which_o keep_v in_o the_o fluid_fw-la from_o rise_v yet_o how_o it_o shall_v be_v else_o keep_v in_o be_v beyond_o my_o skill_n to_o guess_v i_o wish_v he_o will_v explain_v this_o more_o at_o length_n that_o we_o may_v know_v what_o he_o mean_v by_o it_o the_o author_n tell_v we_o that_o those_o who_o affirm_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o form_n of_o a_o broad_a spheroid_fw-fr will_v allow_v of_o no_o vortices_fw-la to_o the_o planet_n but_o then_o 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will_v follow_v from_o my_o own_o word_n but_o not_o from_o those_o of_o the_o theorist_n i_o own_o that_o i_o change_v the_o word_n centre_n into_o axis_n not_o careless_o but_o wilful_o with_o a_o design_n not_o of_o make_v it_o nonsense_n but_o better_a sense_n than_o it_o be_v before_o for_o we_o never_o say_v that_o a_o sphere_n turn_v round_o about_o its_o own_o centre_n for_o that_o will_v be_v plain_a nonsense_n indeed_o but_o round_o about_o its_o own_o axis_n for_o we_o can_v so_o proper_o say_v that_o a_o body_n move_v round_o a_o centre_n as_o round_o a_o axis_n unless_o we_o abstract_n from_o its_o magnitude_n and_o conceive_v it_o as_o a_o point_n the_o reason_n be_v plain_a for_o when_o any_o body_n revolve_v it_o be_v evident_a that_o every_o point_n of_o it_o which_o do_v not_o lie_v in_o the_o plane_n of_o another_o point_v orbit_n must_v describe_v a_o different_a periphery_n which_o must_v have_v also_o a_o different_a centre_n so_o that_o all_o those_o centre_n 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mention_v one_o of_o they_o who_o very_a name_n be_v enough_o to_o defend_v i_o viz._n the_o great_a geometer_n and_o philosopher_n of_o the_o age_n who_o use_v this_o way_n of_o speak_v very_o often_o in_o his_o philisophiae_n naturalis_fw-la principia_fw-la mathematica_fw-la for_o which_o he_o needs_o go_v no_o further_o than_o page_n 8._o where_n it_o be_v say_v gyrantium_fw-la part_n omnes_fw-la conantur_fw-la recedere_fw-la ab_fw-la axe_n motus_fw-la but_o however_o let_v we_o reassume_v the_o word_n centre_n and_o see_v if_o the_o argument_n will_v appear_v more_o plausible_a or_o seem_v to_o conclude_v better_a than_o it_o do_v by_o use_v the_o word_n axis_n all_o body_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o earth_n diurnal_a rotation_n do_v endeavour_n to_o recede_v from_o the_o centre_n of_o their_o motion_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n and_o the_o straitness_n of_o the_o orb_n they_o can_v recede_v from_o the_o centre_n of_o their_o motion_n therefore_o 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very_o brief_o thus_o 56._o pag._n 55_o 56._o the_o same_o cause_n which_o cast_v the_o abyss_n or_o the_o ocean_n towards_o the_o pole_n will_v also_o keep_v the_o river_n from_o descend_v from_o the_o pole_n and_o then_o he_o answer_v that_o there_o be_v no_o parity_n of_o reason_n betwixt_o the_o abyss_n or_o the_o ocean_n and_o the_o river_n we_o see_v say_v he_o in_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n of_o the_o ocean_n it_o have_v not_o that_o effect_n upon_o river_n nor_o upon_o lake_n nor_o upon_o lesser_a sea_n yet_o the_o circumrotation_n of_o the_o earth_n continue_v the_o same_o he_o add_v that_o my_o confound_v the_o ocean_n and_o rivers_n in_o the_o antediluvian_n earth_n be_v so_o much_o the_o worse_o see_v there_o never_o be_v a_o ocean_n and_o river_n together_o in_o that_o earth_n while_o say_v he_o there_o be_v a_o open_a ocean_n there_o be_v no_o river_n and_o when_o there_o be_v no_o river_n there_o be_v no_o open_a ocean_n but_o a_o enclose_a abyss_n he_o conclude_v at_o last_o that_o though_o i_o make_v large_a transcript_n there_o and_o elsewhere_o out_o of_o the_o theory_n yet_o i_o do_v not_o seem_v always_o to_o have_v well_o digi_v the_o method_n of_o it_o i_o hope_v the_o reader_n will_v observe_v how_o unfair_o this_o author_n be_v please_v to_o deal_v with_o i_o for_o in_o all_o the_o argument_n i_o have_v not_o so_o much_o as_o once_o mention_v the_o ocean_n but_o the_o demonstration_n be_v universal_a and_o reach_v all_o sort_n of_o body_n whether_o they_o be_v in_o the_o abyss_n or_o on_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n my_o word_n be_v that_o whatever_o body_n either_o fluid_a or_o solid_a if_o bring_v and_o lay_v upon_o the_o furface_n at_o b_o be_v draw_v or_o push_v with_o the_o same_o accelerate_a force_n that_o the_o first_o fluid_n have_v which_o be_v constitute_v at_o b_o the_o same_o cause_n continue_v to_o act_v upon_o both_o they_o will_v rest_v there_o also_o and_o not_o descend_v to_o the_o equator_fw-la where_o be_v it_o now_o that_o i_o have_v confound_v the_o ocean_n with_o the_o river_n or_o be_v there_o any_o thing_n in_o these_o word_n by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o i_o have_v not_o digest_v the_o method_n of_o the_o theory_n there_o be_v one_o of_o this_o author_n acquaintance_n that_o be_v please_v to_o tell_v we_o that_o disingenuity_n in_o examine_v the_o write_n of_o another_o person_n fall_v more_o heavy_a in_o the_o construction_n of_o fair_a reader_n upon_o he_o that_o use_v they_o than_o upon_o he_o that_o suffer_v they_o if_o it_o be_v so_o last_o reslection_n pag._n last_v line_n last_o this_o gentleman_n may_v easy_o know_v what_o these_o reader_n will_v think_v of_o he_o however_o it_o seem_v he_o think_v that_o though_o none_o of_o the_o water_n return_v to_o the_o equator_fw-la while_o the_o earth_n be_v at_o first_o fluid_n and_o have_v put_v on_o its_o oval-shape_n yet_o when_o the_o first_o concretion_n be_v settle_v upon_o it_o whatever_o water_n be_v after_o that_o upon_o its_o surface_n will_v then_o descend_v towards_o the_o equator_fw-la why_o so_o i_o pray_v what_o reason_n do_v he_o give_v for_o this_o have_v not_o the_o fluid_a which_o lie_v at_o b_o the_o very_a same_o cause_n to_o keep_v it_o from_o descend_v to_o the_o equator_fw-la that_o it_o have_v before_o when_o the_o earth_n surface_n be_v all_o fluid_a be_v not_o there_o the_o same_o diurnal_a rotation_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o same_o time_n and_o by_o consequence_n the_o same_o centrifugal_a force_n be_v there_o not_o the_o same_o pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n and_o the_o same_o straitness_n of_o the_o orb_n that_o be_v before_o and_o in_o a_o word_n every_o thing_n the_o same_o that_o keep_v it_o from_o descend_v in_o the_o former_a case_n will_v also_o preserve_v it_o in_o this_o in_o the_o same_o position_n what_o reason_n then_o can_v this_o author_n give_v we_o for_o this_o assertion_n indeed_o he_o offer_v we_o none_o if_o he_o have_v any_o he_o keep_v it_o as_o a_o secret_a which_o it_o seem_v he_o will_v not_o communicate_v but_o to_o his_o friend_n i_o think_v he_o will_v do_v well_o to_o keep_v it_o secret_a for_o ever_o but_o though_o he_o will_v neither_o show_v we_o his_o own_o reason_n nor_o answer_n i_o yet_o that_o we_o may_v not_o be_v altogether_o dissatisfy_v he_o be_v please_v to_o give_v we_o a_o similitude_n to_o explain_v it_o 56._o pag._n 55_o 56._o we_o see_v say_v he_o in_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n of_o the_o ocean_n let_v the_o cause_n be_v what_o it_o will_v it_o have_v not_o that_o effect_n upon_o river_n nor_o upon_o lake_n nor_o upon_o lesser_a sea_n yet_o the_o circumrotation_n of_o the_o earth_n continue_v the_o same_o be_v there_o any_o parity_n of_o reason_n here_o between_o the_o flux_n and_o
free_a liberty_n and_o can_v subside_o as_o far_o as_o occasion_n shall_v be_v which_o he_o have_v in_o his_o book_n show_v they_o can_v not_o or_o that_o a_o pressure_n from_o a_o column_n specifical_o heavy_a than_o the_o fluid_a be_v necessary_a to_o raise_v it_o upward_o because_o mr._n whiston_n answer_v my_o demonstration_n as_o if_o he_o do_v not_o right_o understand_v it_o i_o will_v here_o put_v it_o into_o a_o clear_a light_n and_o apply_v it_o more_o particular_o to_o the_o present_a case_n mr._n whiston_n say_v that_o this_o demonstration_n suppose_v that_o the_o several_a column_n of_o earth_n have_v their_o free_a liberty_n and_o can_v subside_o as_o far_o as_o occasion_n shall_v be_v which_o he_o have_v show_v in_o his_o book_n they_o can_v not_o it_o seem_v then_o that_o he_o own_v that_o the_o column_n will_v not_o subside_o if_o they_o have_v their_o free_a liberty_n but_o if_o they_o have_v not_o their_o free_a liberty_n to_o subside_n than_o he_o think_v they_o will_v subside_v or_o sink_v deep_a into_o the_o abyss_n that_o be_v in_o short_a those_o column_n will_v not_o sink_v deep_o if_o there_o be_v nothing_o to_o hinder_v they_o but_o if_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n that_o can_v hinder_v they_o from_o sink_v deep_o than_o indeed_o they_o will_v and_o must_v sink_v deep_a this_o be_v so_o strange_a and_o surprise_v a_o way_n of_o reason_v that_o i_o scarce_o believe_v it_o can_v have_v come_v from_o mr._n whiston_n it_o look_v much_o more_o like_o the_o reason_n of_o his_o learned_a friend_n i_o shall_v have_v think_v that_o if_o he_o have_v be_v leave_v to_o himself_o to_o argue_v the_o case_n he_o will_v have_v conclude_v that_o because_o the_o crust_n can_v not_o sink_v deep_o when_o it_o be_v leave_v at_o its_o liberty_n or_o when_o there_o be_v nothing_o to_o hinder_v it_o it_o will_v have_v certain_o so_o much_o the_o rather_o not_o sink_v further_o when_o there_o be_v a_o impediment_n let_v we_o now_o suppose_v this_o cylinder_n bore_v with_o hole_n parallel_v to_o its_o axis_n than_o indeed_o it_o will_v sink_v so_o far_o within_o the_o fluid_a till_o the_o water_n within_o the_o hole_n come_v to_o be_v of_o such_o a_o height_n as_o to_o press_v as_o strong_o upon_o the_o fluid_a under_o they_o as_o the_o solid_a cylinder_n do_v upon_o the_o fluid_a under_o it_o and_o there_o it_o will_v rest_v at_o the_o height_n for_o example_n of_o half_a the_o cylinder_n if_o the_o water_n be_v twice_o as_o heavy_a as_o the_o wood_n let_v we_o suppose_v in_o the_o next_o place_n that_o there_o be_v long_a tube_n fix_v in_o the_o hole_n to_o preserve_v the_o fluid_a which_o be_v to_o be_v pour_v afterward_o above_o on_o the_o cylinder_n from_o run_v into_o the_o hole_n and_o then_o let_v oil_n or_o any_o other_o fluid_a light_a than_o wood_n be_v pour_v on_o as_o high_a as_o the_o very_a top_n of_o the_o vessel_n this_o oil_n will_v indeed_o press_v upon_o the_o cylinder_n and_o make_v it_o sink_v deep_a into_o the_o fluid_a which_o will_v rise_v up_o within_o the_o hole_n till_o it_o press_v as_o strong_o upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n under_o it_o as_o the_o oil_n and_o cylinder_n both_o together_o do_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n under_o they_o now_o in_o this_o case_n since_o the_o water_n be_v of_o a_o great_a intensive_a gravity_n than_o both_o the_o cylinder_n of_o wood_n and_o oil_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o it_o be_v impossible_a the_o fluid_a within_o the_o hole_n can_v rise_v so_o high_a as_o the_o top_n mn_v for_o then_o the_o fluid_a which_o lie_v immediate_o under_o that_o which_o be_v contain_v within_o the_o hole_n and_o the_o tube_n suffer_v a_o great_a pressure_n than_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o fluid_a under_o the_o cylinder_n will_v immediate_o descend_v and_o force_v that_o which_o be_v under_o the_o cylinder_n to_o ascend_v so_o that_o though_o the_o solid_a body_n must_v in_o this_o case_n sink_v deep_a yet_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o none_o of_o the_o water_n within_o the_o vessel_n can_v by_o this_o mean_n be_v bring_v upon_o the_o surface_n mr._n whiston_n say_v that_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o pressure_n of_o two_o entire_a mile_n over_o each_o column_n be_v so_o prodigious_o great_a must_v squeeze_v the_o fluid_a upward_o through_o the_o fissure_n and_o thereby_o throw_v out_o the_o incumbent_a water_n and_o perhaps_o itself_o upon_o the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o as_o evident_a as_o he_o say_v this_o matter_n be_v i_o must_v sincere_o declare_v that_o i_o can_v see_v how_o any_o such_o effect_n can_v follow_v from_o a_o pressure_n after_o this_o manner_n i_o hope_v mr._n whiston_n do_v not_o act_v here_o like_o some_o new_a philosopher_n who_o when_o they_o be_v to_o deliver_v some_o false_a dark_a or_o incomprehensible_a notion_n general_o usher_v it_o in_o with_o a_o speech_n about_o clearness_n and_o distinctness_n and_o tell_v we_o that_o it_o be_v evident_a it_o be_v plain_a it_o be_v demonstrative_a but_o rather_o than_o suspect_v such_o deal_n from_o he_o i_o can_v suppose_v that_o the_o fault_n be_v in_o my_o own_o apprehension_n if_o i_o have_v not_o demonstration_n on_o my_o side_n to_o show_v that_o from_o such_o position_n no_o such_o effect_n can_v follow_v do_v not_o he_o suppose_v this_o crust_n to_o be_v compose_v of_o column_n of_o 200._o mile_n in_o depth_n do_v not_o they_o subside_o close_o by_o one_o another_o and_o form_v a_o solid_a arch_n upon_o the_o abyss_n according_a to_o he_o if_o so_o those_o fissure_v and_o crack_v upon_o the_o mountain_n like_v so_o many_o window_n in_o a_o vault_n will_v not_o much_o weaken_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o fabric_n but_o still_o it_o will_v be_v able_a to_o sustain_v a_o much_o great_a weight_n will_v not_o the_o water_n that_o come_v from_o the_o comet_n immediate_o spread_v itself_o equal_o over_o the_o face_n of_o the_o crust_n and_o by_o this_o every_o column_n will_v be_v equal_o press_v and_o therefore_o one_o can_v not_o sink_v deep_o than_o another_o what_o be_v it_o then_o that_o can_v force_v the_o fluid_a through_o the_o fissure_n however_o let_v we_o suppose_v the_o pressure_n much_o strong_a upon_o one_o place_n than_o the_o rest_n if_o the_o solid_a column_n upon_o which_o this_o pressure_n lay_v be_v close_o unite_v and_o cement_v to_o all_o the_o other_o circumambient_a one_o how_o can_v it_o be_v break_v off_o from_o the_o rest_n it_o be_v impossible_a to_o imagine_v that_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o water_n above_o it_o can_v do_v this_o but_o if_o it_o be_v before_o separate_v and_o disjoin_v by_o the_o tide_n on_o the_o abyss_n or_o any_o other_o cause_n will_v not_o the_o water_n run_v down_o in_o the_o fissure_v which_o separate_v it_o from_o the_o rest_n and_o instead_o of_o depress_v elevate_v the_o loose_a crust_n as_o i_o have_v already_o demonstrate_v we_o can_v well_o suppose_v this_o part_n which_o be_v most_o press_v if_o it_o be_v loose_a from_o the_o rest_n to_o be_v so_o close_o join_v to_o they_o as_o to_o leave_v no_o space_n for_o the_o fluid_a to_o descend_v for_o it_o will_v be_v a_o strange_a chance_n that_o will_v make_v the_o surface_v of_o the_o column_n so_o exact_o fit_v and_o adjust_v to_o each_o other_o beside_o if_o they_o be_v so_o because_o the_o arch_n a_o b_o be_v great_a than_o c_o d_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o in_o such_o a_o case_n it_o can_v descend_v or_o be_v force_v downward_o but_o after_o all_o if_o it_o can_v descend_v i_o have_v already_o demonstrate_v that_o none_o of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o abyss_n or_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n can_v by_o that_o pressure_n be_v raise_v so_o high_a as_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n that_o it_o may_v from_o thence_o spread_v itself_o upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n if_o mr._n whiston_n do_v not_o see_v the_o evidence_n of_o this_o reason_n i_o must_v leave_v he_o to_o be_v satisfy_v by_o his_o own_o experiment_n 307._o experiment_n pag._n 307._o only_o instead_o of_o a_o cylinder_n of_o stone_n or_o marble_n i_o desire_v he_o to_o take_v one_o of_o wood_n and_o if_o by_o pour_v oil_n upon_o it_o he_o can_v raise_v any_o water_n from_o the_o bottom_n to_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o cylinder_n i_o will_v give_v over_o all_o reason_n upon_o this_o subject_n but_o if_o he_o find_v that_o his_o experiment_n will_v not_o succeed_v as_o it_o certain_o can_v i_o hope_v he_o will_v own_o that_o he_o be_v in_o a_o error_n and_o then_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o he_o will_v think_v i_o have_v reason_n to_o speak_v peremptory_o upon_o this_o point_n when_o i_o say_v that_o it_o be_v demonstrative_o evident_a that_o by_o no_o sort_n of_o pressure_n of_o the_o incumbent_a fluid_n the_o
abyss_n can_v be_v force_v upward_o to_o spread_v itself_o upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o word_n i_o do_v not_o think_v fit_a to_o retract_v i_o have_v already_o consider_v the_o way_n mr._n whiston_n have_v take_v to_o bring_v water_n upon_o the_o earth_n to_o make_v a_o deluge_n let_v we_o next_o see_v how_o dexterous_a he_o be_v in_o remove_v they_o in_o my_o remark_n on_o his_o new_a theory_n by_o calculation_n i_o show_v that_o there_o must_v have_v be_v at_o least_o twenty_o three_o ocean_n of_o water_n to_o drown_v the_o earth_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o deluge_n one_o will_v think_v that_o it_o be_v a_o hard_a task_n to_o remove_v such_o a_o load_n of_o water_n mechanical_o yet_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o he_o think_v there_o be_v no_o manner_n of_o difficulty_n in_o it_o in_o his_o theory_n he_o suppose_v that_o the_o water_n descend_v through_o the_o perpendicular_a fissure_n and_o crack_n which_o be_v outlet_n to_o so_o great_a a_o part_n of_o they_o before_o and_o by_o that_o mean_v saturate_v all_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o dry_a earth_n that_o be_v capable_a to_o contain_v mighty_a quantity_n of_o water_n now_o in_o the_o remark_n on_o the_o new_a theory_n i_o show_v that_o none_o of_o the_o water_n can_v descend_v through_o the_o crack_n and_o fissure_v of_o the_o earth_n for_o they_o of_o necessity_n must_v have_v be_v all_o full_a at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o deluge_n since_o water_n can_v lie_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n till_o all_o the_o crack_n hole_n and_o fissure_v in_o it_o be_v first_o fill_v this_o be_v so_o evident_a both_o to_o sense_n and_o experience_n that_o it_o be_v beyond_o all_o contradiction_n true_a it_o be_v as_o impossible_a to_o make_v water_n lie_v on_o the_o earth_n before_o all_o its_o crack_n pit_n and_o hole_n be_v fill_v as_o it_o be_v to_o make_v a_o vessel_n retain_v water_n who_o bottom_n be_v bore_v through_o with_o many_o hole_n instead_o of_o answer_v this_o argument_n mr._n whiston_n tell_v we_o that_o certain_o the_o pore_n and_o interstice_n of_o thirty_o or_o forty_o mile_n of_o dry_a earth_n be_v capable_a of_o receive_v three_o or_o four_o mile_n of_o water_n into_o they_o and_o certain_o the_o same_o fissure_v that_o permit_v the_o ascent_n of_o the_o fluid_n from_o beneath_o before_o will_v after_o the_o cease_n of_o that_o force_n permit_v the_o descent_n of_o the_o water_n of_o the_o deluge_n and_o by_o degree_n and_o length_n of_o time_n draw_v they_o off_o i_o find_v mr._n whiston_n be_v general_o most_o certain_a where_o other_o man_n be_v most_o doubtful_a how_o can_v he_o be_v certain_a or_o so_o much_o as_o suppose_v that_o the_o water_n can_v lie_v above_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o crack_n and_o fissure_v to_o the_o height_n of_o two_o mile_n perpendicular_o and_o none_o of_o they_o run_v in_o to_o fill_v they_o all_o the_o while_n what_o new_a law_n of_o hydrostaticks_a have_v he_o discover_v it_o be_v general_o suppose_v to_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o fluid_a to_o descend_v through_o whatever_o hole_n and_o fissure_v it_o can_v find_v and_o till_o they_o be_v once_o fill_v it_o be_v impossible_a it_o shall_v rest_v above_o the_o mouth_n of_o those_o fissure_v especial_o to_o the_o height_n of_o two_o perpendicular_a mile_n for_o so_o high_a it_o must_v have_v be_v above_o most_o of_o those_o crack_n since_o most_o part_n of_o the_o hill_n in_o which_o he_o suppose_v those_o fissure_n be_v do_v not_o exceed_v above_o a_o mile_n height_n before_o the_o water_n can_v have_v rise_v to_o such_o a_o height_n not_o only_o the_o perpendicular_a hole_n and_o fissure_n but_o even_o the_o horizontal_n once_o must_v have_v be_v absolute_o fill_v i_o can_v therefore_o enough_o wonder_v how_o he_o can_v imagine_v so_o much_o water_n force_v through_o the_o earth_n upon_o its_o surface_n and_o all_o those_o crack_n and_o fissure_v remain_v empty_a all_o the_o time_n i_o be_o surprise_v to_o hear_v he_o tell_v we_o of_o dry_a earth_n that_o be_v capable_a of_o receive_v vast_a quantity_n of_o water_n for_o i_o can_v suppose_v a_o earth_n that_o have_v be_v water_v by_o eleven_o ocean_n of_o water_n gush_v through_o its_o pore_n to_o be_v very_o dry_a another_o man_n will_v rather_o think_v that_o it_o must_v have_v be_v very_o wet_a for_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v imagine_v that_o so_o much_o water_n can_v pass_v through_o the_o crust_n without_o leave_v as_o much_o of_o itself_o as_o the_o crust_n can_v hold_v behind_o it_o since_o water_n rather_o than_o ascend_v will_v remain_v in_o any_o poor_a or_o empty_a space_n that_o can_v contain_v it_o but_o let_v we_o now_o allow_v that_o the_o earth_n or_o the_o crust_n be_v as_o dry_a as_o if_o there_o have_v not_o one_o drop_n of_o water_n remain_v in_o it_o yet_o the_o earth_n through_o which_o water_n general_o can_v sink_v be_v but_o a_o few_o foot_n in_o depth_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o crust_n be_v compose_v of_o a_o tough_a clay_n common_a stone_n whinstone_n coal_n metalline_a oar_n and_o the_o like_a and_o i_o believe_v he_o can_v never_o persuade_v mankind_n that_o there_o be_v so_o many_o pore_n in_o such_o heavy_a close_o solid_a body_n as_o be_v capable_a to_o contain_v twenty_o two_o ocean_n of_o water_n but_o after_o all_o let_v we_o suppose_v that_o the_o fissure_v be_v empty_a and_o that_o they_o be_v capable_a to_o receive_v the_o whole_a twenty_o two_o ocean_n of_o water_n let_v we_o suppose_v that_o the_o water_n lie_v over_o they_o without_o descend_v into_o they_o that_o be_v let_v we_o grant_v to_o mr._n whiston_n so_o many_o impossibility_n yet_o even_o all_o these_o supposition_n will_v not_o answer_v the_o phaenomena_n of_o the_o drain_n of_o the_o water_n from_o the_o earth_n after_o the_o deluge_n this_o i_o think_v i_o can_v prove_v easy_o since_o that_o according_a to_o the_o moysaicall_a account_n of_o the_o deluge_n the_o water_n be_v remove_v from_o off_o the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o one_o half_a year_n whereas_o if_o they_o have_v be_v remove_v by_o the_o method_n of_o the_o new_a theory_n they_o can_v not_o have_v be_v drain_v from_o the_o earth_n in_o many_o hundred_o year_n and_o therefore_o upon_o this_o account_n mr._n whiston_n supposition_n will_v not_o answer_v the_o phaenomena_n to_o show_v this_o let_v we_o suppose_v the_o mouth_n of_o all_o the_o crack_n and_o fissure_v to_o have_v be_v just_o equal_a to_o the_o mouth_n of_o all_o the_o river_n in_o the_o earth_n though_o if_o we_o consider_v how_o narrow_a and_o small_a they_o be_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n we_o can_v allow_v they_o to_o have_v be_v near_o so_o much_o it_o be_v prove_v in_o the_o examination_n of_o dr._n burnet_n theory_n that_o all_o the_o water_n that_o run_v through_o the_o river_n will_v fill_v the_o ocean_n if_o it_o be_v empty_a in_o the_o space_n of_o 812._o year_n and_o consequent_o if_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o deluge_n the_o water_n descend_v no_o fast_o through_o the_o fissure_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o upon_o the_o former_a supposition_n it_o will_v be_v 812._o year_n before_o the_o earth_n have_v receive_v one_o ocean_n into_o its_o bowel_n and_o therefore_o it_o will_v be_v 17864._o year_n before_o twenty_o two_o ocean_n can_v be_v remove_v through_o those_o fissure_n but_o let_v we_o now_o suppose_v that_o the_o velocity_n of_o the_o water_n descend_v be_v ten_o time_n great_a than_o the_o velocity_n of_o the_o river_n we_o shall_v still_o find_v that_o the_o water_n will_v take_v 1786._o 4._o year_n to_o run_v through_o the_o fissure_n so_o that_o although_o mr._n whiston_n have_v be_v please_v to_o ridicule_n my_o fondness_n for_o miracle_n yet_o since_o all_o the_o natural_a cause_n he_o have_v assign_v be_v so_o vast_o disproportionate_a to_o the_o effect_n produce_v he_o may_v at_o last_o perhaps_o be_v convince_v that_o the_o easy_a safe_a and_o indeed_o the_o only_a way_n be_v to_o ascribe_v they_o to_o miracle_n finis_fw-la